gaf+over

u, f.

I. ‘law-mending,’ an ordinance; þat væri góð lögrétta er konungrinn gaf um konunglega refsing, Sks. 670.

II. as a law term, the name of the legislature of the Icel. Commonwealth, either from rétta lög, to make the law right, or perh. better from rétt, a fence, qs. a law-fence, law-yard, law-court, from being held within the sacred circle, called vé-bönd; for the word is used of the place as well as of the body sitting there, e. g. ganga til lögréttu, to proceed to the l., Nj. 150.

2. in the Norse law, as also in Iceland after the union with Norway, lögrétta was the public court of law held during the general assembly (þing), and presided over by the lagman; the members (lögréttu menn) were delegated from all the counties represented in the assembly, see N. G. L. ii. 10 sqq., as also Jb. Þingfara-balk, ch. 2.

3. in the Icel. Commonwealth the lögrétta was the legislative held during the althing on the lögbergi (q. v.), and consisted of the forty-eight Goðar (see goði); it was presided over by the lögsögu-maðr (see lögmaðr), and controlled all laws and licences (ráða lögum ok lofum), and was the supreme power in the land; for its power, composition, and duties, see esp. Íb. ch. 5, Grág. passim, esp. the Lögréttu-þáttr or section of the lögrétta, the Þingskapa-þáttr, the Njála, and the Sagas passim; of mod. writers, Maurer’s Beiträge, Dasent’s Introduction to Burnt Njál.

COMPDS: lögréttufé, lögréttumaðr, lögréttuseta, lögrettuskipan, lögréttuþáttr.

n. arm

v. bewapenen

[ a:m]

I 〈 telbaar zelfstandig naamwoord〉

1  arm 〈 van mens, dier; ook figuurlijk〉

2  mouw

3  armleuning

4  afdeling ⇒ tak

5 〈 leger〉 wapen 〈 als afdeling〉

♦voorbeelden:

1   arm in arm • arm in arm, gearmd

     the (long) arm of the law • de sterke arm (der wet)

     at arm's length • op een afstand, op gepaste afstand

     within arm's reach • binnen handbereik

     an arm of the sea/river • een zeearm/rivierarm

     a list as long as your arm • een ellenlange lijst

     she took my arm • zij gaf me een arm

     twist someone's arm • iemands arm omdraaien; 〈 figuurlijk〉forceren, het mes op de keel zetten

     she was just a babe in arms • zij was nog maar een baby

4   an arm of a multinational • een afdeling van een multinational

5   the air force is an important arm of the military forces • de luchtmacht is een belangrijk wapen van de strijdkrachten

¶ 〈 informeel〉 it cost an arm and a leg • het was een rib uit mijn lijf

     〈Brits-Engels; informeel〉 chance one's arm • het erop wagen

→ long long/, open open/, right right/

II 〈 meervoud〉

1  wapenen ⇒ (oorlogs)wapens, bewapening

2  oorlogvoering ⇒ strijd

3  wapen ⇒ blazoen, familiewapen

♦voorbeelden:

1   〈 formeel〉 bear arms • gewapend zijn; onder de wapenen zijn

     lay down (one's) arms • de wapens neerleggen

     present arms • het geweer presenteren

     take up arms • naar de wapens grijpen; onder de wapens komen; 〈 figuurlijk〉 de strijd aanbinden

     under arms • onder de wapenen

2   rise up in arms against • in verzet/het geweer komen tegen

3   bear arms • een familiewapen hebben

¶ be up in arms about/over/against something • verontwaardigd zijn over iets

————————

I 〈 onovergankelijk werkwoord〉

1  zich (be)wapenen 〈 ook figuurlijk〉

♦voorbeelden:

1   those countries are arming again • die landen zijn zich aan het herbewapenen

     you must arm against jealous critics • je moet je tegen jaloerse critici wapenen

II 〈 overgankelijk werkwoord〉

1  (be)wapenen 〈 ook figuurlijk〉 ⇒ uitrusten

2 〈 leger〉 scherp stellen ⇒ afstellen

♦voorbeelden:

1   armed with a lot of information • gewapend met/voorzien van een boel informatie

2   the bomb was armed • de bom was/werd scherp gesteld

n. klap, slag; windvlaag

v. blazen; opblazen; waaien; fluiten; laten knallen; ontspruiten

[ bloo] 〈 zelfstandig naamwoord〉

1  wind(vlaag) ⇒ rukwind; storm, stijve/stevige bries

2  slag ⇒ klap, mep

3  (tegen)slag ⇒ ramp, schok

♦voorbeelden:

1   a blow on a whistle • gefluit op een fluitje

2   come to/exchange blows • slaags raken

     〈 ook figuurlijk〉 deal someone a blow • iemand een slag toebrengen

     he struck a blow against/for democracy • hij gaf de democratie een fe knauw/hielp de democratie een stap vooruit

     at/with a (single)/one blow • in één klap/poging

     blow by blow account • gedetailleerd verslag

     without (striking) a blow • zonder slag of stoot, zonder geweld

3   be a blow to our hopes • onze hoop de bodem inslaan

————————

〈blew [bloe:], blown [ bloon]〉

I 〈 onovergankelijk werkwoord〉

1  (uit)blazen ⇒ fluiten, weerken; (uit)waaien, dwarrelen, wapperen

2  hijgen ⇒ blazen, puffen

3  stormen ⇒ hard waaien

4 〈 elektriciteit〉 doorsmelten ⇒ doorbranden, doorslaan 〈 van stop〉

5 〈 slang〉 'm smeren

♦voorbeelden:

1   his hair blew in the wind • zijn haar wapperde in de wind

     the bugle blows • de hoorn (weer)kt

     the whistle blows • het fluitje gaat

     blow down • neergeblazen worden, omwaaien

     〈 informeel〉 blow in • (komen) binnenvallen, (komen) aanwaaien; inwaaien

     the scandal will blow over • het schandaal zal wel overwaaien

     〈 informeel〉 blow into the room • de kamer binnenvallen

3   a storm is blowing • het stormt

¶ 〈 walvisvaart〉 there she blows! • daar spuit ie!

     〈 informeel〉 blow hot and cold (about) • veranderen gelijk het weer

     〈 informeel〉 blow (wide) open • bekend worden

→ blow out blow out/, blow up blow up/

II 〈 overgankelijk werkwoord〉

1 blazen (op, door) ⇒ aan/af/op/rond/uit/wegblazen; snuiten 〈 neus〉; doen wapperen, doen dwarrelen

2 〈 elektriciteit〉 doorsmelten ⇒ doen doorslaan, doen doorbranden

3  bespelen ⇒ blazen op, spelen op

4 〈 informeel〉 verknallen ⇒ verprutsen, verknoeien

5 〈 vulgair〉 pijpen ⇒ afzuigen

6 〈 slang〉 vervloeken ⇒ verwensen

♦voorbeelden:

1   blow bubbles • bellen blazen

     the door was blown open • de deur waaide open

     it's blowing (up) a gale/storm • het stormt, het gaat stormen

     blow glass • glasblazen

     the wind blew her hair • de wind woei door haar haar

     blow away • wegblazen; wegjagen

     the wind blew the trees down • de wind blies de bomen om(ver)

     blow in • aanblazen, inblazen 〈 ook figuurlijk〉; doen springen 〈 ruit〉

     blow off • wegblazen, doen wegwaaien; afblazen, laten ontsnappen 〈 stoom〉

     blow over • om(ver)blazen, doen omwaaien

     blow skyhigh • in de lucht laten vliegen; 〈 figuurlijk〉 geen spaan heel laten van

     the tank was blown to pieces/glory • de tank werd aan stukken gereten

3   blow the whistle • op het fluitje blazen, fluiten

4   you blew it • je hebt het verknald/verpest

6   blow the cost! • wat kunnen mij de kosten schelen!

     I'll be blowed if I'll do it • ik verdom het, ze kunnen me de pot op

     blow it • verdorie

     well, I'm blowed • wel heb je me nou!, wat zeg je me daar van!

¶ blow abroad • ruchtbaar maken, als gerucht verspreiden

→ blow out blow out/, blow up blow up/

I 〈 overgankelijk werkwoord〉

1 [denken over] réfléchir à

2 [uitdenken] inventer

3 [als geschenk doen toekomen aan] léguer

♦voorbeelden:

1   bedenk, wat de gevolgen zullen zijn • réfléchis aux conséquences

3   iemand in zijn testament bedenken • léguer qc. à qn. par testament

II 〈wederkerend werkwoord; zich bedenken〉

1 [nadenken over] réfléchir (à)

2 [van gedachten veranderen] se raviser

♦voorbeelden:

1   zonder mij te bedenken gaf ik toestemming • j'ai donné la permission sans réfléchir

2   hij heeft zich bedacht • il s'est ravisé

(ræð; réð, réðum; ráðinn), v.

1) to advise, counsel, ráða e-m e-t (réðu vinir hans honum þat, at hann berðist eigi við þik);

ráða e-m ráð, to give one counsel;

2) to consult about, discuss, with dat. (ráða landráðum);

ráða ráðum sínum, to hold a conference;

3) to devise, plan;

þeir ráða atför við Gunnar, thev plan an onslaught on G.;

réð hón þeim bana, she plotted that man’s death;

4) to plot or cause one’s death, = ráða e-m bana (þær atluðu, at konungr mundi hafa ráðit hann);

Reginn mik réð, R. betrayed me;

5) to agree on;

réðu þeir þat þá með sér, they settled this among themselves;

6) to fix, decide, resolve, with acc.;

ek hefi áðr ráðit brúðlaup mitt, I have fixed my wedding day;

réðu þeir þá þat at fara ofan til Rangár, then they resolved to ride down to Rang river;

ráða e-t til staðar, to settle, fix definitively, = staðráða e-t (vil ek finna konung áðr en ek ráða þetta til staðar);

7) to hire, take into service (ráða skipverja, ráða sér hjón);

bóndi sagði húsfreyju, at hann hafði Hrapp ráðit með sér, that he had taken H. into his company;

8) to rule, govern, with dat. (ráða landi, ríki; Einarr jarl ráð þá Orkneyjum);

9) to rule, command, have one’s way, prevail, decide, settle (skal hón sjálf ráða hvárt hón vill hann eða eigi);

skal ráða afl með þeim, the majority shall decide;

Ólafr bað móður sína. eina ráða, to settle the matter alone;

landfall ræðr fyrir sunnan, makes the boundary towards the south;

with dat., hvárt ræðr þú því, er, is it your doing that..?;

ráða engu, to have no authority, be of no avail (orðheill þín skal engu ráða);

ráða landamerkjum, to make the boundary (Hafslœkr réð þar landamerkjum);

ráða búi sínu, to conduct, manage one’s estate;

hann réð sér sjálfr, he was independent;

ertu nökkurs ráðandi hér, have you any authority here?

10) to have, possess, be master of, enjoy;

ráða fé ok fjörvi, to enjoy wealth and life;

11) to explain, read;

ráða gátu, to read a riddle;

ráða draum, to interpret a dream;

ráða e-t at líkindum, to judge from probabilities (engar munu fríðari en þínar dœtr, ef at líkindum skal ráða);

12) to read and understand (ráða rúnar, stafi, rit);

réð ek þær rúnar, er reist þín systir, I have read the runes thy sister engraved;

13) to punish, chastise, with dat. (fóstri hans var harðr við hann ok réð honum mjök);

14) to undertake;

ráða stórt, to aim high, undertake great things;

15) periphrastically with an infin., to do;

ráðumk ganga, we (I) do go;

hón réð vakna (= hón vaknaði), she awoke;

þau lög, er hann réð upp at segja, the laws which he pronounced;

16) with preps.:

ráða e-t af, to resolve, make up one’s mind (réð hann þat af at sigla súðr til Danmerkr);

to discontinue, put a stop to (ek hygg, at Þóroddr ætli nú at af ráða hingatkvámur þínar);

to do away with (þú verðr nú þetta vandræði af at ráða);

ráða e-n af e-u, to make one leave off (af hefir þú mik ráðit brekvísi við þik);

ráða e-u af (e-u), to get off;

Þ. bað menn taka forka ok ráða af skipinu, to get the ship off, set her afloat;

ráða e-n af = ráða e-n af lífi, af dögum, to put out of the way, put to death (hann kvazt mundu af ráða illmenni þessi);

ráða at e-m, to attack (njósnarmenn hlupu upp ok réðu at þeim);

ráða á e-t, to set about a thing (þeir réðu á íshöggit);

ráða á e-n, to attack one (þorðu aldri úvinir hans á hann at ráða);

ráða bót (bœtr) á e-u, to remedy, make good (þóttust menn eigi kunna bœtr á þessu ráða);

ráða eptir e-m, to pursue one;

ráða e-n frá e-u, to deprive one of, exclude one from (ráða e-n frá landi, ríki);

ráða fyrir e-u, to command, have authority over, be master of (ráða fyrir skipi, hofi, fé, eldi);

ráða í e-t, to guess at, find out (Gormr konungr réð ekki í þetta);

ráða móti, í móti e-m, to attack one (í móti Kára réð Mörðr);

ráða e-n ofan, to overthrow;

ráða ór e-u, to find an expedient, solve a difficulty (er nú vant ór at ráða);

ráða til e-s, to rush in upon, attack (hann reiddi upp øxina ok réð til Þórvarðs); to take to (set about) a thing, try, make an attempt;

S. kom fótum undir sik, ok réð til í annat sinn, and tried again the second time;

ok er nú til at ráða, ef þér vilit, now is the time for action, if you are willing;

skal ráða til árinnar eða eigi, shall we try to pass the river or not?;

ráða til orrostu, to go to battle;

ráða til uppgöngu, to make an ascent;

ráða til ferðar, to start on a journey;

ráða skipi til hlunns, to draw a ship on to land;

ráða um e-t, to dispose of (megum vér eigi ráða um hennar gjaforð);

to deliberate on (konungr gaf jarli orlof at ráða um þetta við menn sina);

ráða um at gøra e-t, to be about to do a thing (hann tók um strenginn ok réð um at fara upp í skipit);

ráða um við e-n, to put an end to, finish off (var Alfr þá kominn ok ætlaði skjótt um at ráða við Finnboga);

ráða e-t or e-u undan e-m, to deprive one of (hón vildi eigi giptast, því at hón vildi eigi ráða fé undan dóttur sinni);

ráða e-t undir e-n, to put in the charge of (þá réðu þeir goðorð sitt undir Rafn);

ráða e-t upp, to read up (þessi sömu bréf lét erkibiskup upp ráða í Danmörku);

ráða við e-n, to be able to master one (muntu nú einn við mik ráða);

ráða e-t við sik, to make up one’s mind;

ráða yfir e-u, to rule, govern;

17) refl., ráðast.

* * *

að, [röð], to place in order, with dat.; raða e-u niðr, whence niðr-raðan. order.

(gen. sigrs), m. victory; hafa, fá, vinna s., to gain a victory; bera s. af e-m, vega (vinna, fá) s. á e-m, to defeat one; auðna mun ráða sigri, fortune will decide the victory; Magnús konungr réð þá sigri miklum, then king M. gained a great victory.

* * *

m., the r is radical, gen. sigrs, dat. sigri, plur. not used; a gen. sing. sigrar occurs in sigrar-merki, Karl. 356, 365, 366; and sigrar-óp, 365, 368; sig without the r is used in poets and in pr. names: [Ulf. sigis = νικος; Hel. sigi; O. H. G. sigu; Germ. sieg; Dutch zege; all without the r; A. S. sige, but usually sigor (see Grein), answering to the double form sig and sigr in the Scandin.]

A. Victory; hafa, fá, vinna sigr, to win a victory; hann átti þar hina þriðju orrostu ok hafði sigr, Hkr. i. 80; Haraldr konungr fékk sigr, 79; bera sigr af öðrum, to gain the day, Ó. H. 109; ráða sigri, Fb. ii. 337; mun auðna ráða sigri, fate will decide the victory, Ó. H. 209, Nj. 43, Fms. v. 273, Hkr. iii. 400, Barl. 163, in countless instances; þar með hamingju at vega sigrinn, Hkr. i. 254, Al. 83; ráða sigri, Fb. ii. 428; drekka Óðins full til sigrs ok ríkis konungi sínum, Hkr. i. 140; gaf hann sumum sigr, 10; þá nótt ina sömu gekk Eirekr í hof Óðins ok gafsk honum til sigrs sér, ok kvað á tíu vetra frest síns dauða, Fb. ii. 72; fagna sigri, to rejoice over a victory gained, to triumph (but not in the technical Roman sense, which is not Teutonic); hrósa sigri, id.; sverði hælir þú þar en eigi sigri, Edda 89.

B. COMPDS: sigrauðigr, sigrbákn, sigrblástr, sigrblómi, sigrblót, sigrbyrr, sigrfórn, sigrför, sigrgjald, sigrgjöf, sigrgoð, sigrheimr, sigrhelgi, sigrhnoða, sigrkufl, sigrlauss, sigrleysi, sigrlúðr, sigrmark, sigrmál, sigrmerki, sigrminning, sigróp, sigrsamligr, sigrsteinn, sigrstrangligr, sigrsæli, sigrsæll, sigrvegari, sigrvegning, sigrverk, sigrvænligr, sigrþjóð, sigrör.

* * *

1) state, condition;

at því skapi, in the same proportion;

hélt þat vel skapi, meðan hón lifði, it kept a good state whilst she lived;

2) condition of mind, temper, mood;

þat er ekki mitt skap, it is not my turn of mind;

vera (með) illu skapi, to be in an angry mood;

bregða skapi við e-t, renna e-m í skap, to take to heart, be much affected by (rann honum mjök í skap sá atburðr);

koma skapi við e-n, to agree with, het on with (engi kann við mik skapi koma);

koma skapi (eiga skap) saman, to have minds alike (þit eigit meirr skap saman);

hafa ekki skap til e-s, to have no mind to do a thing;

hógværr í skapi, mild of temper;

lítill í skapi, of small mind, faint-hearted;

gera sér e-t í skap, to take into one’s head;

vera e-m (vel) at skapi, vera nær skapi e-s, to be to one’s mind;

e-t fellr e-m vel í skap, one likes, is pleased with;

gera e-t til skaps e-m, to do a thing to please one.

* * *

n. [A. S. ge-sceap; Engl. shape; cp. Germ. be-schaffen]:—prop. shape, form.

II. state, condition; at því skapi, in the same proportion, Rb. 96; nú ferr at því skapi um alla öldina, 62; hélt þat vel skapi, meðan hón lifði, it kept in a good state whilst she lived, Bs. 1. 129; því hefir haldit skapi, it has held its shape, remained unchanged, Jd. 3: under this head come compds denoting lawful, right, skap-drottinn, -þing, -dauði, -arfi, -bætendr, -þiggendr, see below.

III. condition of mind, temper, mood, Fs. 128; ek kann skapi Hrafnkels, Hrafn. 27; hógværr í skapi, Nj. 2; mitt skap er eigi betra enn til meðallags, Þiðr.; hennar skap er svá stórt, at …, 307; Högni er nú mjök reiðr ok íllu skapi, in an angry mood, 321: mod., í íllu skapi, cp. vesall maðr ok ílla skapi ( ill-tempered), Hm. 21, where skapi seems to be used as an adjective; vera við e-s, skap, to be after one’s mind, Finnb. 262; hón svarar sem hennar var skap til, Fbr. 137; er ok varkunn á at þvílíkir hlutir liggi í miklu rúmi þeim er nokkurir eru skapi, Fms. iv. 80; kofarn í skapi, … íllr í skapi, ill-tempered; góðr í skapi, good-tempered; at þeir hafi ílla borit sik, svá at þeim hafi náliga í allt skap komit, áðr enn létti, so that at last they almost cried, Gísl. 39; vera lítill í skapi, of small mind, faint-hearted, Hrafn. 30; ef þeir væri svá litlir í skapi at þeir þyrði eigi, K. Þ. K. 94; hafa ekki skap til e-s, to have no mind to, Nj. 202; nú hefi ek beðit hér þá stund er ek fæ mér skap til, Ld. 256, cp. Ó. H. 47; honum rann í skap, ok reiddisk hann, Fms. vi. 212; ef þat væri feðr hennar eigi móti skapi, Eg. 36, Fms. ix. 244; óvinsæll ok lítt við alþýðu skap, unpopular, Fs. 63; enginn má við mik skapi koma, Lv. 22; þat fannsk á, at henni þótti þetta mjök í móti skapi, Ld. 88; þat væri mér næst skapi, I should have a great mind for, 86; vera e-m vel at skapi, to be to one’s mind, Fs. 16, Fms. vi. 304; göra e-m e-t til skaps, to do a thing to please one, humour him, Eg. 65, Nj. 198; e-m býr e-t í skapi, to brood over, plan, Ó. H. 32.

COMPDS: skapsannmarki, skapshöfn, skapslöstr, skapsmunir.

B. Plur. sköp, what is ‘shaped’ for one or fated, one’s fate; fár gengr of sköp Norna, Km. 24; eigi má sköpunum renna; sköpum viðr manngi, Am.; fátt er sköpum ríkra, Fs. 23; eigi má við sköpunum sporna, 26; mæla verðr einnhverr skapanna málum, Gísl. 17; íll sköp, ill fate; góð sköp, good luck, Korm. (in a verse); rík sköp, the mighty weird, Kormak; skiptu sköp, doom decided, Sturl. (in a verse); at sköpum = Gr. κατα μοιραν, Ýt. 9, Gg. 4, N. G. L. i. 204; ok gaf honum nær líf með sköpum, he escaped almost by a miracle, had a narrow escape, Fb. ii. 23.

2. a curse, fatality; þá er konunga-börn urðu fyrir stjupmæðra sköpum ( curses), Fms. viii. 18; ó-sköp or ú-sköp, an ill fate, fatality, Hm. 97, Korm. 208, 240, Al. 129; verða fyrir ú-sköpum, Edda 11, Fas. i. 130 (of evil spells); ú-skapa verk, an evil deed which one is fated to do, iii. 406: vé-sköp, holy ordinance, Vsp. 2. sköpin (with the article), the genitals, Fms. v. 346, Ann. 1426, Edda (pref., of Saturn), Barl. 135, Fas. iii. 387, Bs. i. 466. skapa-dægr, n. one’s fated day of death; engi kemsk yfir sitt s., a saying, Es. 39.

C. = skaf, q. v.; fimm hlöss viðar ok þrjú skaps, N. G. L. i. 240, ii. 110, v. l. 15.

* * *

(tek; tók, tókum; tekinn), v.

1) to take, catch, seize (tóku þeir laxinn ok otrinn ok báru með sér);

G. tók inni vinstri hendi spjótit á lopti, G. caught the spear with his left hand;

man hón taka fé okkart allt með ráni, she will take all our goods by force;

taka e-n höndum, to seize one, take captive;

tökum vápn vár, let us take to our weapons;

2) fig., taka trú, to take the faith, become a Christian;

taka skírn, to be baptized;

taka hvíld, to take a rest;

taka flótta, to take to flight;

taka rœðu, umrœðu, to begin a parley;

taka ráð, to take a counsel (= taka til ráðs);

taka e-n orðum, to address one;

taka sættir or sættum, to accept terms;

taka þenna kost, to take this choice;

taka stefnu, to fix a meeting;

taka boði, to accept an offer;

taka sótt, to be taken ill;

taka úgleði, to get out of spirits;

taka andviðri, to meet with contrary winds;

taka konung, to take, elect a king;

taka konu, to take a wife;

taka úkunna stigu, to take to unknown ways;

taka e-n or e-m vel, to receive one well;

taka e-t þvert, to take a thing crossly, deny flatly;

taka upp höndum, to raise the hands;

3) to reach, stretch forth, touch;

fremri hyrnan tók viðbeinit, the upper horn caught the collar bone;

því at ek tek eigi heim í kveld, for I shall not reach home to-night;

hárit tók ofan á belti, the hair came down to her waist;

4) to reach and take harbour (þeir tóku land á Melrakka-sléttu);

5) to take, hold, of a vessel (ketill, er tók tvær tunnur);

6) to be equivalent to, be worth (hringrinn tók tólf hundruð mórend);

7) with infin., to begin (hann tók at yrkja, þegar er hann var ungr);

nú taka öll húsin at lóga, now the whole house began to blaze;

impers., þá tók at lægja veðrit, then the wind began to fall;

8) to touch, regard, concern (þat allt, sem leikmenn tekr);

9) to catch (up), come up with (hann var allra manna fóthvatastr, svá at engi hestr tók hann á rás);

10) to start, rush (Eirikr tók út or stofunni, en konungr bað menn hlaupa eptir honum);

taka á rás, taka frá, to take to running, run away (svá illt sem nú er frá at taka, þá mun þó síðarr verra);

11) impers. it is taken;

þá tók af veðrit (acc.) then the storm abated;

kom á fótinn, svá at af tók, the stroke came on his leg, so that it was cut off;

sýnina tekr frá e-m, one becomes blind;

tók út skip Þangbrands, Th.’s ship drifted out;

um várit er sumarhita tók, when the summer heat set in;

12) with preps, and advs., taka e-n af lífi, lífdögum, taka e-n af, to take one’s life, put to death;

taka e-n af nafni ok veldi, to deprive one of his title and power;

taka af hesti, to take (the saddle) off a horse;

taka e-t af e-m, to take a thing from one, deprive one of (er vér tókum seglit af honum, þá grét hann);

taka af sér ópit, to cease weeping;

taka e-t af e-m, to get frotn one (tekr hann af öllu fólki mikil lof);

taka mikinn (mikil), lítinn (lítil) af e-u, to make (say) much, little of;

hón tók lítil af öllu, she said little about it, took it coldly;

øngan tek ek af um liðveizlu við þik, I will not pledge myself as to helping thee;

taka e-t af, to choose, take;

G. bauð þér góð boð, en þú vildir engi af taka, G. made thee good offers, but thou wouldst take none of them;

fara sem fœtr mega af taka, at the top of one’s speed;

hann sigldi suðr sem af tók, as fast as possible;

to abolish, do away with (lagði á þat allan hug al taka af heiðni ok fornar venjur);

taka e-t aptr, to take back, render void (taka aptr þat, er ek gef); to recall (taka aptr orð, heil sín);

taka á e-u, to touch (hón tók á augum hans);

taka vel, auðvelliga, lítt, illa á e-u, to take (a thing) well, in good part, ill, in ill part (fluttu þeir þetta fyrir jarli, en hann tók vel á);

taka e-t á sik, to take upon oneself (kvaðst heldr vilja taka þat á sik at gefa honum annát augat);

tóku þeir á sik svefn mikinn, they fell fast asleep;

taka arf eptir e-n, to inherit one;

taka e-t eptir, to get in return;

með því at þú gerir svá, sem ek býð þér, skaltu nökkut eptir taka, thou shalt have some reward;

taka e-t frá e-m, to take a thing away from one (þeir tóku spjótin frá þeim ok báru út á ána);

taka e-n frá e-u, to deprive one of (taka e-n frá landi, ríki);

taka e-t fyrir e-t, to take in return for (hann keypti sveinana ok tók fyrir þá vesl gott ok slagning); to take for, look upon as (lökum vér þat allt fyrir satt; því tek ek þat fyrir gaman);

taka fyrir e-t, to refuse (tók E. eigi fyrir útanferð at sumri);

taka hendi í e-t, to thrust one’s hand into;

taka í hönd e-m, to shake hands with one;

taka í móti, to offer resistance (þeir brendu víða bygðina, en bœndr tóku ekki í móti);

taka niðr, to pull down, demolish (taka niðr til grundvallar allt þat verk); to graze a little, = taka til jarðar (þeir láta nú taka niðr hesta sína);

taka niðri, to touch (feel) the bottom;

taka ofan, to take down (Högni tekr ofan atgeirinn); to pull down (hann hafði látil taka ofan skála sinn);

taka í sundr, to cut asunder;

impers., slœmdi sverðinu til hans, svá at í sundr tók manninn, so that the man was cleft asunder;

taka til e-s, to take to (tóku þá margir til at níða hann);

taka til máls (orðs, orða), to begin to speak;

nú er þar til máls at taka, at, now we must take up the story at this point, that;

taka til varnar, to begin the defence;

taka til e-s, to have recourse to, resort to (taka e-t til ráðs, bragðs); to concern (þetta mál, er til konungs tók);

láta e-t til sín taka, to let it concern oneself, meddle with (Gísli lét fátt til sín taka);

taka e-n til e-s, to choose, elect (Ólafr var til konungs tekinn um allt land);

absol., taka til, to begin (hann hélt allt austr um Svínasund, þá tók til vald Svíakonungs);

taka e-t til, to take to, do;

ef hann tekr nökkut illt til, if he takes to any ill;

taka um e-t, to take hold of, grasp (nú skaltu taka um fót honum);

taka e-t undan, to take away;

impers., undan kúnni tók nyt alla, the cow ceased to give milk;

taka undan, to run away, escape (B. tók undan með rás);

taka undir e-t, to take hold under a thing;

hann tók undir kverkina ok kyssti hana, he took her by the chin and kissed her;

to undertake, take upon oneself;

H. kvaðst ekki taka mundu undir vandræði þeira, H. said he would have nothing to do with their troubles;

taka undir e-t með e-m, to back, help one in a thing (vil ek, at þér takit undir þetta mál með mér);

þau tóku undir þetta léttiliga, they seconded it readily;

hann tók seinliga undir, he was slow to answer;

taka undir, to echo, resound (fjöllin tóku undir);

taka e-t undir sik, to take on hand (Gizurr tók undir sik málit); to lay hold of (hann tekr undir sik eignir þær, er K. átti í Noregi);

taka e-t upp, to pick up (S. tók upp hanzka sinn);

taka upp fé fyrir e-m, to seize on, confiscate;

taka upp borð, to set up the tables before a meal, but also to remove them after a meal;

taka upp bygð sína, to remove one’s abode;

hón tekr mart þat upp, er fjarri er mínum vilja, she takes much in hand that is far from my will;

drykk ok vistir, svá sem skipit tók upp, as the ship could take;

taka upp ný goðorð, to establish new priesthoods;

taka upp verknað, to take up work;

taka upp stœrð, to take to pride;

taka upp sök, to take up a case;

taka upp draum, to interpret a dream;

taka e-t upp, to choose (seg nú skjótt, hvern kost þú vill upp taka);

absol., taka upp, to extend, rise (rekkjustokkr tekr upp á millum rúma okkarra);

taka út, to run out (E. tók út ór stofunni);

taka við e-u, to receive (A. hafði tekit við föðurarf sínum);

taka vel við e-m, to receive one well, give one a hearty welcome;

taka við trú, to take the faith;

þeir tóku vel við, they made a bold resistance;

tók við hvárr af öðrum, one took up where the other left off;

taka yfir e-t, to extend over (hann skal eignast af Englandi þat, sem uxahúð tekr yfir);

impers. to come to an end, succeed (kveðst nú vænta, at nú mundi yfir taka);

þeir munu allt til vinna at yfir taki við oss, to get the better of us;

13) refl., takast;

1) taking, capture, of a fortress, prisoner;

2) taking, seizing, of property;

3) revenue, = tekja( með öllum tökum ok skyldum).

* * *

pres. tek, tekr; tökum, takit, taka; pret. tók, tókt (tókst), tók, pl. tóku; subj. tæki (tœki); imperat. tak, taktú; part. tekinn: with neg. suff. tek’k-at ek, I take not, Kristni S. (in a verse); tak-a-ttu, take thou not, Fas. i. (in a verse); tekr-at, Grág. (Kb.) i. 9: [Ulf. têkan, pret. taitok = απτεσθαι; Swed. take; Dan. tage, sounded tā, ‘du tar det ikke, vil du ta det;’ Engl. take is a word borrowed from the Dan., which gradually displaced the Old Engl. niman.]

A. To take hold of, seize, grasp; taka sér alvæpni, Eg. 236; tóku menn sér þar byrðar ok báru út, Egill tók undir hönd sér mjöð-drekku, 237; nú taki hest minn, ok skal ek ríða eptir honum, 699; tóku þeir skíð sín ok stigu á, 545; hann tók inni vinstri hendi spjótið ok skaut, Nj. 42; lauk upp kistu ok tók upp góð kvennmanna-klæði, Ld. 30; hann tekr nú bogann, … tekr nú kaðal einn, Fas. ii. 543; taka upp net, K. Þ. K. 90; hross skal maðr taka ok teyma ok hepta, þótt heilagt sé, id.

2. to seize; þeir tóku þar herfang mikit, Nj. 43; tóku skipit ok allt þat er á var, Fms. vii. 249; þeir tóku þar skútu, viii. 438; tóku skip hans, landtjald, klæði, ix. 275; taka fé okkat allt með ráni, Nj. 5; engi maðr skal fyrir öðrum taka, Gþl. 473; hann leiddi þik til arfs … munu taka óvinir þínir ef þú kemr eigi til, Nj. 4; þeir tóku bæinn, seized, Sturl. ii. 149; kona hafði tekit ( stolen) … ok vildi hann refsa henni, Fms. vii. 330.

3. to catch; Skotar munu hafa tekit njósnir allar, Nj. 126; standi menn upp ok taki hann, 130; hann skyldi taka hundinn, 114; þeir tóku á sundi mann einn, Fms. vii. 225; gröf, at taka í dýr, Flóv. 33; taka höndum, to lay hold of, take captive, Nj. 114, 275; in a good sense, Fms. x. 314.

4. taka e-n af lífi, to take one from life, Fms. x. 3, Eg. 70; taka e-n af lífdögum, id., Fms. vii. 204: ellipt., taka af (af-taka), to take one off, put to death, Js. 23; taka e-n af nafni ok veldi, to deprive of …, Eg. 268; tóku þeir af eignum jarla konungs, Fms. i. 6: taka af e-m, to take a thing from one, x. 421, Nj. 103, 131, Eg. 120, Ld. 288; taka frá e-m, to take from, off, Nj. 253, K. Þ. K. 48; taka ofan, to take down, pull down, Nj. 119, 168; taka ór, to set apart, 232; taka undir sik, to take under oneself, subject, Fms. x. 24: to take charge of, Nj. 110, Eg. 725: taka upp, to take up, pick up, assume, 23.

5. to take, grasp; taka í hönd e-m, to shake hands, Nj. 129; taka á lopti, to interrupt, Fms. x. 314; taka í ketil, of the ordeal, Grág. i. 381, Gkv. 3. 7; taka í jörð, to graze, of an animal, Bs. i. 338; jó lætr til jarðar taka, Skm. 15; skulu þér láta taka niðr hesta yðra, to graze a little, Band. 14 new Ed.; tók einn þeirra niðr í sinn klæðsekk, Stj.

II. metaph., taka upphaf, to begin, Hom. 49; taka vöxt ok þroska, to increase, Rb. 392; taka konungdóm, Eg. 646; taka ráð, 49; taka skírn, 770; taka trú, to take the faith, become a Christian, Nj. 273; taka hvíld, to take rest, 43, 115; taka á sik svefn, 252; taka ræðu, to begin a parley, Eg. 578; taka umræðu, id., Nj. 146; þau taka þá tal, Ld. 72, Fms. ii. 254; taka nærri sér, see nær l. 2; taka á sik göngu, Fbr. 101 new Ed.; taka á sik svefn, Nj.; taka eld, to light a fire, 199; taka e-n orðum, to address; taka í sætt, to receive into reconciliation, Eg. 168; taka sættir, to accept terms, id. (also taka sættum, id.); taka þenna kost, 280; taka samheldi, Fms. ix. 344; ok tóku þat fastliga, at friðr skyldi standa, declared firmly that, x. 40, v. l.; taka stefnu, to fix a meeting, xi. 400; tóku þeir stefnu í milli sín, 402; nú er svá tekið um allt landit, at …, fixed by law that …, Gþl. 275; þeir tóku fastmælum sín í milli, at …, Bret. 82; taki í lög, to take into fellowship, Fms. xi. 96; lög-taka, cp. lófa-tak, vápna-tak; Gunnarr bauð þér góð boð enn þú vildir engi af taka, thou wouldst accept none of them, Nj. 77; tók hann þann kost af, at leggja allt á konungs vald, Fms. iv. 224; ok þat tóku þeir af, ix. 367; Ólafr kvaðsk þat mundu af taka, Ld. 72; taka e-t til ráðs, or taka ráðs, bragðs, to resort to, Nj. 75, 124, 199: also, taka e-t til, to resort to, 26, Fms. xi, 253, passim (til-tæki); taka mót, to receive, Edda 15; taka e-t við, to receive in return, Fms. ii. 269; taka bætr fyrir e-t, xi. 253; með því þú görir sem ek býð þér, skaltú nökkuð eptir taka, take some reward for it, Ld. 44; þat er bæði at vér róum hart, enda mun nú mikit eptir taka, a great reward, Finnb. 232 (eptir-tekja); taka fæðu, to take food; taka corpus Domini, Mar.; taka samsæti, Fms. ii. 261; taka arf, Eg. 34; taka erfð, Gþl. 241; taka fé eptir föður sinn, Fms. xi. 47; taka laun, Nj. 68; taka veizlu, to take, receive a veizla (q. v.), Fms. xi. 239; konungr … hann tekr ( receives) af mörgum, skal hann því mikit gefa, 217; taka mikit lof, x. 367; taka helgun af Guði, Rb. 392; taka heilsu, to recover, Stj. 624; ek skal taka hæði-yrði af þér, Nj. 27; taka af honum rán ok manntjón, Ld. 64; taka úskil af íllum mönnum, Greg. 44; taka píslir ok dauða, 656 B. 30; drap hann þar menn nökkura, þótti mönnum hart at taka þat af útlendum manni, Bs. i. 19; þeir tóku mikinn andróða, Fms. viii. 438; taka andviðri, Eg. 87; þeir tóku norðan-veðr hörð, were overtaken by, Nj. 124; taka sótt, to be taken sick or ill (North E. to take ill), 29, Fms. xi. 97, Eg. 767; taka þyngd. id., Ísl. ii. 274; taka fótar-mein, Nj. 219; taka úgleði, to get out of spirits, Eg. 322; hann tók þá fáleika ok úgleði, Fms. vii. 103; hann tók langt kaf, 202; taka arftaki, to adopt, Grág. i. 232; taka konung, to take, elect a king, Fms. ix. 256; taka konu, to take a wife, x. 397; hann kvángaðisk ok tók bróður-dóttur þess manns er Finnr hét, 406; tók Magnús konungr Margrétu, 413; taka konu brott nauðga, to carry off a woman, Grág. i. 353; tók hann þá til háseta, he hired them, Eg. 404; taka far or fari, Landn. 307, Grág. ii. 406 (far, ii. 3); taka úkunna stigu, to take to unknown ways, Fms. viii. 30; taka ferð, to start, Stj.; taka til konungs, or the like, Eg. 367, 400, Fms. vii. 252; taka til siðar, Sks. 313; taka e-n vel, to receive well; ok taki ér, herra, vel þá Hjalta ok Gizur, Bs. i. 19; tók Skota-konungr hann vel, Fms. xi. 419; taka e-t þvert, to take a thing crossly, deny flatly, Nj. 26; taka fyrir e-t, to stop, interrupt, refuse, Fms. x. 251.

III. to reach, stretch forth, touch; hann beit skarð, allt þat er tennr tóku, Eg. 605; eigi djúpara enn þeim tók undir hendr, Ld. 78; skurðrinn tók á framan-verðan bakkann, Krók.; hyrnan tók andlitið, Nj. 253; rödd tekr eyru, Skálda 175; döggskórinn tók niðr akrinn upp-standanda, Fas. i. 173; hafði flóð tekit þær, swept them away, Fms. xi. 393; spjót langskept svá at vel taki skipa meðal, Sks. 385; nef hans tók austr til landsenda … véli-fjarðar tóku norðr í Finnabú, Fms. viii. 10; tekr mörkin náliga allt it efra suðr, Eg. 58; þvíat ekki tek ek heim í kveld, Nj. 275; mun ek taka þangat í dag? Hbl.; bóndans bót tekr fyrir ( encompasses) konu, hans ok börn ok hjón, N. G. L. i. 341; taka niðri, to take the ground, of a ship or thing floating, Fas. iii. 257; svá at upp tekr um klaufir, Boll. 336; at eigi tæki hann (acc.) regnit, Stj. 594; skulu vér varask, at eigi taki oss þau dæmi, Hom. 70; svá mikit er uxa-húð tekr yfir, Fas. i. 288; nær því er þú sér at taka mun en ekki ór hófi, Sks. 21; hundr bundinn svá at taki eigi til manna, Grág. ii. 119; taka höndum upp, to lift up hands, Bs. i. 735, Edda 22; ek sé fram undir brekkuna, at upp taka spjóts-oddar fimtán, Finnb. 286; þetta smíði (Babel) tók upp ór veðrum, Edda 146 (pref.); hárit tók ofan á belti, Nj. 2; stöpul er til himins tæki, 645. 71; hér til tekr en fyrsta bók, reaches here, 655 vii. 4; taka mátti hendi til fals, Eg. 285; þeir tóku fram árum, took the oars, Fms. vii. 288; smeygði á sik ok tók út höndunum, 202; þeir tóku undun, to escape, viii. 438: to reach, land, take harbour, gaf honum vel byri ok tóku Borgarfjörð, Nj. 10; tóku þeir Friðar-ey, 268; þeir tóku land á Melrakka-sléttu, Ísl. ii. 246; byrjaði vel ok tóku Noreg, Ld. 72, 310; tóku þar land sem heitir Vatnsfjörðr, Landn. 30: ellipt., hann tók þar sem nú heitir Herjólfs-höfn, id.; þeir tóku fyrir sunnan land, 175.

2. to take, hold, of a vessel; ketill or tók tvær tunnur, Fb. i. 524; lands þess er tæki ( of the value of) fjóra tigi hundraða, Sturl. i. 98, v. l.; hringrinn tók tólf hundruð mórend, Nj. 225: so in the phrase, það tekr því ekki, it is not worth the while; þann enn eina grip er hann átti svá at fé tæki, the sole object of value he had, Bs. i. 636.

3. spec. usages; fara sem fætr mega af taka, Finnb. 288; konur æpa sem þær megu mest af taka, Al. 47, (aftak, aftaka-veðr, q. v.), Karl. 109, 196; fóru hvárir-tveggju sem af tók, went as fast as possible, Fms, iv. 304; hann sigldi suðr sem af tók, Eg. 93: in the phrase, taka mikinn, lítinn … af e-u, to make much, little of, take it to heart or lightly; mikit tekr þú af þessu, thou takest it much to heart, Lv. 10; öngan tek ek af um liðveizlu við þik, I will not pledge myself as to helping thee, Ld. 105; eigi töku vér mikit af at tortryggva þá bók, þótt mart sé undarligt í sagt, we will not strongly question the truth of the book, although many wonders are told therein, Sks. 78; Óspakr kvað hana mikit af taka, said he used very strong language, Ld. 216; mikinn tekr þú af, segir konungr, thou settest much by it, said the king, Fms. vi. 206: munda ek sýnu minna hafa af tekit ef ek væra údrukkinn, I would have kept a better tongue, xi. 112; Þórvarðr tók eigi af fyrir útanferð sína, did not quite refuse the going abroad, Sturl. iii. 244; hann kvaðsk eigi taka mega af því hvat mælt væri, he did not much mind what folks said, Nj. 210; hón tók lítið af öllu, said little about it, took it coolly, Eg. 322; tók hann minna af enn áðr við Íslendinga, he spoke not so strongly of them as he used to do, Glúm. 328; ok er sendi-menn kómu tók hann lítið af, Fms. x. 101; Flosi svaraði öllu vel, en tók þó lítið af, F. gave a civil but reserved answer, Nj. 180.

IV. with prepp.; taka af hesti, to take (the saddle) off a horse, Nj. 4, 179; taka af sér ópit, to cease weeping, Ölk. 35; taka skriðinn af skipinu, Fms. ii. 305; taka e-t af, to abolish, vii. 1, x. 152, Ísl. ii. 258:—taka á e-u, to touch (á-tak), Nj. 118; þegar sem nær þeim er komit ok á þeim tekit, Stj. 76; sá er tekr fyrst á funa, Gm.; þat er ok, áðr þeir taki á dómum sinum ( ere they deliver sentence), at þeir skolu eið vinna áðr, Grág. i. 64; taka vel, auðvelliga, lítt, ekki vel, ílla … á e-u, to take a thing so and so, take it well, in good part, ill, in ill part, etc., Ld. 50, 248, Fms. xi. 124, Nj. 206, 265; Gunnarr talaði fátt um ok tók á öngu úlíkliga, 40; tak glaðan á ( cheerfully) við konunginn, Fms. xi. 112; þeir höfðu sagt hversu hann hafði á tekit þeim feðgum, Rd. 284; Leifr tekr á þessu eigi mjök, Fb. ii. 397; tók Börkr (á) því seinliga, Eb. 15 new Ed.:—taka eptir, to notice, observe, Sturl. i. 2 (eptir-tekt):—taka móti, to withstand, resist, Nj. 261, Fms. ix. 307, 513 (mót-tak):—taka með, to reserve, accept, iv. 340, xi. 427 (með-taka): taka við, hann tókþar ok við mörg önnur dæmi, bæði konunga æfi, he tacked to it many records, the lives of kings, etc., Ó. H. (pref.): this isolated phrase has led editors (but wrongly) to substitute hann ‘jók’ þar við:—taka aptr, to take back, render void, undo, Bs. i. 631, Nj. 191, Sks. 775; eigi má aptr taka unnit verk, a saying, Fms. ii. 11: to recall, unsay, mun ek þau orð eigi aptr taka, Ld. 42, Fms. ii. 253:—taka í, to pull off; taktu í hann, to pull his stocking off:—taka um, to take hold of, grasp, Eg. 410, Hkr. ii. 322:—taka upp, to pick up, assume; niðr at fella ok upp at taka, 625. 68, Eg. 23; taka upp borð, to put up the tables before a meal; tekr upp borð ok setr fyrir þá Butralda, Fbr. 37; vóru borð upp tekin um alla stofuna ok sett á vist, Eg. 551: but also to remove them after a meal (= taka borð ofan), 408, Hkr. ii. 192, Fms. i. 41, Orkn. 246 (see borð II); taka upp vist, to put food on the table, Vm. 168; taka upp bygð sína, to remove one’s abode, passim; taka upp, of a body, to take up, disinter, Hkr. ii. 388; taka upp, to seize on, confiscate, Nj. 73, 207, Ld. 38, Eg. 73; þeir tóku upp ( laid waste) þorp þat er heitir Tuma-þorp, Fms. i. 151; var þá tekin upp bygð Hrolleifs, Fs. 34; hón tekr þat mart upp er fjarri er mínum vilja, Nj. 6l; at þú gefir ró reiði ok takir þat upp er minnst vandræði standi af, 175; taka upp verknað, to take up work, Ld. 34; taka upp stærð, to take to pride, Fms. x. 108; halda upp-teknu efni, i. 263; taka upp sök, mál, to take up a case, Nj. 31, 71, 231: to interpret, eigi kann ek öðruvís at ráða þenna draum … glíkliga er upp tekit, Sturl. iii. 216; ok skal svá upp taka ‘síks glóð,’ þat er ‘gull,’ Edda 127; kvæði, ef þau eru rétt kveðin ok skynsamliga upp tekin, Hkr. (pref.); tók hann svá upp, at honum væri eigi úhætt, Fms. ix. 424; drykk ok vistir svá sem skipit tók upp, as the ship could take, iv. 92; er þat skip mikit, ok mun þat taka oss upp alla, Nj. 259; þat hjóna er meira lagði til félags skal meira upp taka, Gþl. 220; þótti þeim í hönd falla at taka upp land þetta hjá sér sjálfum, Ld. 210; skal sá sem at Kálfafelli býr taka upp vatn at sínum hlut, Vm. 168; taka upp giptu hjá Dana-konungi, Fms. xi. 426; taka upp goðorð, Nj. 151, 168, Grág. i. 24; taka upp þing. Ann. 1304 ( to restore); tókusk þá upp lög ok landsréttr, Fs. 27; taka upp vanda, Fms. vii. 280:—taka til, to take to; hefna svá at ekki fýsi annan slík firn til at taka, 655 xiii. A. 3; tóku margir þá til at níða hann, Bs. i; taka til ráða, ráðs, bragðs, Nj. 19, 75, 124; hann tók til ráða skjótt, 19; enn þó munu vér þat bragðs taka, 199; hvat skal nú til ráða taka, 124; ef hann tekr nökkut íllt til, 26; hverja úhæfu er hann tekr til, Fms. xi. 253; taka til máls, to take to talking, Nj. 16, 71; taka til orðs, or orða, 122, 230, 264; hann tók nú til at segja söguna, to take to telling a story; taka til varnar, to begin the defence, Grág. i. 60, Nj. 271; nú er þar til at taka, at …, 74; er blót tóku til, Landn. 111; þá tók til ríki Svía-konungs, Fms. iv. 118; um Slésvík þar sem Dana-ríki tók til, xi. 417: to concern, þat mun taka til yðar, Hom. 150; þetta mál er til konungs tók, Fms. xi. 105; láta til sín taka, to let it concern oneself, meddle with, Band. 23 new Ed.; Gísl lét fátt til sín taka, Fms. vii. 30; vil ek nú biðja þik at þú létir ekki til þín taka um tal várt, Nj. 184: to have recourse to, þú tekr eigi til þeirra liðsinnis ef ekki þarf, Fms. vii. 17, Grág. i. 41; taka til segls, Eg. 573, Fms. ix. 22; taka til sunds, 24; taka til e-s, to note, mark, with dislike:—taka undir, to take under a thing; hann tók undir kverkina, took her by the chin, Nj. 2; þá tók Egill undir höfða-hlut Skalla-grími, Eg. 398: to undertake, þat mál er þeir skyldi sjálfir undir taka, Hkr. i. 266; þá skal hann taka undir þá sömu þjónostu, Ó. H. 120: to back, second, hann kvaðsk ekki mundu taka undir vandræði þeirra, Nj. 182; undir þann kviðling tók Rúnolfr goði, ok sótti Hjalta um goðgá, Bs. i. 17: ek mun taka undir með þér ok styðja málit, Fms. xi. 53; hann tók ekki undir þat ráð, Fb. ii. 511; þau tóku undir þetta léttliga, seconded it readily, Ld. 150; hann tók seinliga undir, Nj. 217; hann hafði heyrt tal þeirra ok tók undir þegar, ok kvað ekki saka, Ld. 192: göra tilraun hversu þér tækit undir þetta, Fb. i. 129: to echo, blésu herblástr svá at fjöllin tóku undir, Fas. i. 505; taka undir söng, to accompany singing:—taka við, to receive; nú tóktú svá við sverði þessu, Fms. i. 15; siðan hljópu menn hans, enn hann túk við þeim, 105; jörð tekr við öldri, Hm.; til þess er akkerit tók við, grappled, took hold, Dan. holde igen, Fms. x. 135. v. l.; þar til er sjár tók við honum, Edda 153 (pref.); taka við ríki, Eg. 241, Fms. i. 7; taka við trú, Nj. 158, 159; taka við handsölum á e-u, 257; ef maðr görr við at taka við dæmdum úmaga, Grág. i. 258; taka vel við e-m, to receive well, Nj. 5; ekki torleiði tekr við yðr, no obstacle stops you, Al. 120; þeir tóku við vel ok vörðusk, made a bold resistance, Fms. i. 104; eggjuðu sumir at við skyldi taka, vii. 283; at þeir skyldi verja landit, en þeir vildu eigi við taka, xi. 386; ganga fram á mel nökkurn, ok segir Hrútr at þeir mundu þar við taka, Ld. 62; þar stóð steinn einn mikill, þar bað Kjartan þá við taka, 220; seg þú æfi-sögu þína, Ásmundr, en þá skal Egill við taka, tell thy life’s tale, Asmund, and then shall Egil take his turn, Fas. iii. 374; tók við hvárr af öðrum, one took up where the other left off:—taka yfir, hann vildi eigi til ráða nema hann ætlaði at yfir tæki, Fms. iv. 174; þeir munu allt til vinna, at yfir taki með oss, Nj. 198; at eyrendi þeirra skyldi eigi lyktuð né yfir tekin, Fms. iv. 224.

V. to take to, begin:

1. with infin., tóku menn at binda sár sín, Eg. 93; hann tók at yrkja þegar er hann var ungr, 685; hans afli tók at vaxa, Fms. viii. 47; á þeim veg er ek tæka ganga, Sks. 3; taka at birtask, 568; tekr at dimma, birta … rigna, it gets dim, takes to darken … rain; allt þat er hann tekr at henda, Nj. 5; þá tók at lægja veðrit, 124; tók þá at morna, 131; tók þá at nátta, Fms. ix. 54; kvölda tekr = Lat. vesperascit, Luke xxiv. 29.

2. in other phrases, taka á rás, to take to running, to run, Nj. 253, Eg. 216, 220, Eb. 62 (hófu á rás, 67 new Ed.), Hrafn. 7: ellipt., tók bogmaðr ok hans menn á land upp undan, they took to the inland and escaped, Fms. ix. 275; tók hann þegar upp um brú, viii. 169; svá íllt sem nú er frá at taka (to escape, shun), þá mun þó síðarr verr, Fs. 55; taka flótta, to take to flight, Hm. 30; Eirekr tók út ór stofunni, took out of the room, ran out, Sturl. ii. 64; þeir tóku út eitt veðr allir, stood out to sea with the same wind, Fb. ii. 243.

VI. with dat., to take to, receive (perh. ellipt. for taka við- e-u); jarl tók vel sendi-mönnum ok vináttu-málum konungs, Fms. i. 53; konungr tók honum vel ok blíðliga, vii. 197; tekit mundu vér hafa kveðju þinni þóttú hefðir oss fyrri fagnat, Ld. 34; Grímr tók því seinliga, Eg. 764; Sigurðr tók því máli vel, 38, Fms. x. 2; konungr tók þá vel orðum Þórólfs, Eg. 44; hann tók því þakksamliga, Fms. i. 21; taka vel þeirra eyrendum, x. 33; Barði tók þessu vel, Ld. 236; Hákon tók því seinliga, Fms. i. 74; eigi mun konungr taka því þótt slík lygi sé upp borin fyrir hann, Eg. 59; tók Brynjólfr þá sættum fyrir Björn, 168; Njáll átti hlut at, at þeir skyldi taka sættum, Nj. 120; taka handsölum á fé, 257; taka heimildum á e-u, Fms. x. 45; taka fari, Grág. ii. 399, Nj. 111, 258 (see far); taka bóli, to take a farm (on lease), Gþl. 328, 354; mun ek máli taka fyrir alla Íslenzka menn þá er á skipi eru, speak for them, Bs. i. 421.

VII. impers. it is taken; hann brá upp hendinni ok tók hana af honum ok höfuðit af konunginum, Nj. 275; ok tók af nasarnar, Fms. x. 135, v. l.; þá tók af veðrit (acc.), the weather ‘took up’ (as is said in North of England), the storm abated. Fas. i. 157; svá at þar tæki af vega alla, all roads were stopped, Fms, iii. 122; af þeim tók málit ok görask úfærir, Fas. ii. 549; kom á höndina fyrir ofan úlflið svá at af tók, Nj. 84; kom á fótinn svá at af tók, 123; þá tók efa af mörgum manni, Fms. iii. 8; sýnina tekr frá e-m, to become blind, x. 339; undan kúnni tók nyt alla, Eb. 316; jafnskjótt tók ór verkinn allan, Fms. iv. 369; tók út skip Þangbrands ór Hitará, she drifted out, Bs. i. 15; í þat mund dags er út tók eykðina, when the time of ‘eykð’ was nearly passed, Fms. xi. 136; um várit er sumar-hita tók, when the summer heat set in, Fs. 67; réru svá skjótt at ekki tók (viz. þá) á vatni, Fms. vii. 344.

2. as a naut. term, to clear, weather a point; veðr var litið ok tók þeim skamt frá landi, the weather was still, and they kept close in shore, Fms. vi. 190: hence the mod. naut. phrase, e-m tekr, to clear, weather; mér tók fyrir nesit, I cleared, weathered the ness; vindr þver, svo að þeim tekr ekki.

3. þar er eigi of tekr torf eðr grjót, where neither is at hand, Grág. ii. 262; þau dæmi tekr til þessa máls, the proofs of this are, that when …, Hom. 127.

B. Reflex., takask mikit á hendr, to take much in hand, Band. 3, Nj. 228, Fms. i. 159; tókumk ek þat á hendr, xi. 104; láta af takask, to let oneself be deprived of, Eg. 296; takask e-n á hendr.

2. to be brought about, take effect, succeed; cp. þykkir mikit í hættu hversu þér teksk, Ld. 310; þat tóksk honum, he succeeded, Bárð. 167; tekst þá tveir vilja, it succeeds when two will, i. e. joint efforts prevail, a saying:—takask til, to happen; Ásgrími tóksk svá til (it so happened to A.), sem sjaldan var vant, at vörn var í máii hans, Nj. 92; ef svá vill til takask. Fas. i. 251; svá erviðliga sem þeim hafði til tekizk at herja á þá feðga, Fms. i. 184; mér hefir úgiptuliga tekizk, Ld. 252; þætti mér allmiklu máli skipta at þér tækisk stórmannliga, that thou wouldst behave generously, Hkr. ii. 32; hefir þetta svá tekizk sem ván var at, er hann var barn at aldri, 268.

3. to take place, begin; tóksk orrosta, Nj. 8; teksk þar orrosta, 122; ráð takask, of a marriage; en ef þá takask eigi ráðin, if the wedding takes not place then, Grág. i. 311; lýkr svá at ráðin skyldi takask, 99; ráð þau skyldi takask at öðru sumri, Eg. 26, Fms. x. 40: to be realised, hvatamaðr at þessi ferð skyldi takask, Ld. 240; síðan er mægð hafdi tekizk með þeim, since they had intermarried, Eg. 37; takask með þeim góðar ástir, they came to love one another much, of newly-married people, passim; féráns dómr teksk, Grág. i. 95; takask nú af heimboðin, to cease, Ld. 208; ok er allt mál at ættvíg þessi takisk af, 258.

II. recipr., takask orðum, to speak to one another, Fms. xi. 13; ok er þeir tókusk at orðum, spurði hann …, Eg. 375; bræðr-synir takask arf eptir, entreat one another, Gþl. 241; ef menn takask fyrir árar eða þiljur, take from one another, 424: takask á, to wrestle, Bárð. 168; takask fangbrögðum, Ld. 252, Ísl. ii. 446: takask í hendr, to shake hands, Grág. i. 384, Nj. 3, 65.

III. part. tekinn; vóru þá tekin ( stopped) öll borgar-hlið ok vegar allir, at Norðmönnum kæmi engi njósn, Fms. vi. 411: Steinþórr var til þess tekinn, at …, S. was particularly named as …, Eb. 32, 150; hann var til þess tekinn, at honum var verra til hjóna en öðrum mönnum, Grett. 70 new Ed. (cp. mod. usage, taka til e-s, to wonder at): lá hann ok var mjök tekinn, very ill, Sturl. i. 89: Álfhildr var þungliga tekin, ok gékk henni nær dauða, Fms. iv. 274; hann var mjök tekinn ok þyngdr af líkþrá, ii. 229; þú ert Ílla at tekin fyrir vanheilsu sakir, vii. 244; ú-tekin jörð, an untaken, unclaimed estate, Sturl. iii. 57, Gþl. 313.

2. at af teknum þeim, except, Fms. x. 232; at af teknum úvinum sínum, 266, (Latinism.)

* * *

f. porch, = anddyri.

(gen. andar, pl. endr and andir), f. duck (fundu þeir þar andir margar; endr ok elptr).

(gen. andar, dat. önd and öndu; pl. andir), f.

1) breath; draga öndina, to draw breath; verpa, varpa öndu, to draw a sigh;

2) breath, life; týna öndu, to lose breath, die; fara öndu e-s, to put to death;

3) soul; fela guði önd sína á hendi, to give over one’s soul into God’s hands.

* * *

f., gen. andar, pl. endr and andir, and so in mod. usage; [A. S. ened; Dutch eend; O. H. G. anut; Germ. ente; Dan. and, pl. ænder; Lat. anas, anatis; Gr. νηττα]:—a duck, Edda (Gl.); flaug mikill fjöldi anda (gen. pl.) … eina öndina, Art. 38; endr ok elptr, Karl. 477; vali, álptir, gæss ok andir, Grág. ii. 346, passim; brim-önd, töpp-önd.

COMPDS: andaregg, andarfygli, andarsteggi.

f., gen. andar; spelt önn, Skm. l. c.; [and-, p. 19, col. 2]:— a porch = and-dyri, prop. the place opposite the door; skynda út at andar, Bjarn. (in a verse); síðan gékk hann eptir gólfi ok útar í öndina, ok lét fyrir lokuna, Lv. 60; ok er þau kóma fram um dyrr, gékk hón í öndina gegnt úti-dyrum ok kembir þar Oddi syni sínum, Eb. 92; vertú sem þistill þrunginn í önn (= önd) ofan verða, Skm. 31; see þröngva.

f., gen. andar, dat. öndu, and abbreviated önd; pl. andir; [önd and andi (p. 20) are twin words, for the origin see anda, to which add the Scot. aind or aynd]:—the breath; önd gaf Óðinn, Vsp.; en er barnit skaut upp öndu, Ó. H. 122; var þá niðri öndin ( no sign of breathing), síðan skaut hón upp öndinni, began to draw breath, Bs. i. 378; tók hann önd í kafi ( under water) svá at hann drakk eigi, 355; hann tók aldri til andar, ii. 225; draga öndina, to draw breath, ísl. ii. 413; Armóði var við andhlaupi ( choking), en er hann fékk öndunni frá ser hrundit, Eg. 553; varpa mædiliga öndinni, to draw a deep breath, Orkn. 140; öndunni, Nj. 272; kona varp öndu, to draw a deep sigh, Bkv. 2. 29; meðan í önd hixti, Am. 39; hann rann … skrefaði, meðan hann þolði önd einu sinni, in one breath, Rb. 482; hence the mod. phrase, þola önn (sic) fyrir e-t, to hold one’s breath for anxiety; nú þrýtr öndin, the breath is stopped, Fas. i. 204.

2. breath, life; öndin blaktir á skari, blaktir önd í brjósti, the breath (life) flutters in the breast; ef maðr hrapar svá grepti, at kviðr berr at önd sé í brjósti, K. Þ. K. 26; skal hann heldr eta kjöt en fara öndu sinni fyrir matleysi … svá skal hann eta, at hann ali önd sína við, 130; þá skal hann kjöt eta ok bjarga svá öndu sinni, N. G. L. i. 12; fugla, kvikenda ok hverrar lifandi andar, every living soul, Stj.; at eigi saurgisk andir yðrar, 317; andar gustr, a gush of breath, 17: týna öndu, to lose breath, die, Hkv. Hjörv. 37, Skv. 3. 58; fara öndu e-s, to put to death, Sdm. 25; krefi Guð hann andar sinnar, if God call him, Sks. 720, N. G. L. iii. 79; Guð krafði konung andar, Fms. xi. (in a verse); áðr Guð kveddi andar hans, D. N. iii. 165; þá menn er sjálfir spilla öndu sinni, to spill one’s breath, commit suicide, N. G. L. i. 13.

3. eccl. the soul; aldri hafði önd mín tvá líkami, Fms. iv. 121; önd þjófs á krossi, Pr. 67; þau fálu Guði önd sína á hendi, Nj. 201; mín önd miklar Dróttinn og minn andi gladdist í Guði heilsu-gjafara mínum, Luke i. 46 (Vídal.); andar-dauði, spiritual death, Greg. 42; andar-dauðr, spiritually dead, 6l; andar-heilsa, hreinson, kraptr, hefnd, siðr, synd, þorsti, soul’s health, cleansing, … thirst, Hom. 4, 45, 73, Greg. 5, Mar., MS. 623. 19, Stj. 29; andar-sýn, soul’s sight, a vision, Karl. 553, Bs. ii. 11; andar-gjöf, a spiritual gift, id.; andar-kraptr, 153; andar-sár, mental wounds, Bs. i.

COMPDS: andardráttr, andarvana.

v. verklaring (ook bij eed); declaratie

[ ətest] 〈zelfstandig naamwoord: attestation〉

I 〈 onovergankelijk werkwoord〉

1 〈+to〉 getuigen (van) ⇒ getuigenis afleggen (van)

II 〈 overgankelijk werkwoord〉

1  plechtig verklaren ⇒ officieel bevestigen

2  getuigen van ⇒ betuigen

♦voorbeelden:

1   the doctor attested him mad • de geneesheer gaf een krankzinnigverklaring over hem af

2   the ruins attest the city's power • de ruïnes getuigen van de macht van de stad

n. roep; telefoontje; visite, bezoek; bel; uitnodiging; aanklacht; moeten

v. roepen; schreeuwen; uitnodigen; telefoneren; bezoeken

[ ko:l] 〈 zelfstandig naamwoord〉

1  kreet ⇒ (ge)roep, roep van dier 〈 in het bijzonder van vogel〉

2  lokfluitje 〈 in het bijzonder van vogels〉

3 〈 benaming voor〉 signaal ⇒ 〈 leger〉 verzamelsignaal 〈op bugel e.d.〉; 〈 jacht〉 hoornsignaal; (met lokfluitje) nagebootste dierenroep; 〈 brandweer〉 alarm

4 (kort/formeel/zakelijk) bezoek

5  beroep ⇒ aanspraak, claim

6  oproep(ing) ⇒ sommatie, roep(ing); appel, voorlezing van presentielijst 〈 school, parlement e.d.〉; 〈 geldwezen〉 oproep tot aflossing van een schuld, aanmaning

7  reden ⇒ aanleiding, noodzaak, behoefte

8 〈 kaartspel〉 bod ⇒ 〈 bij uitbreiding〉 contract

9 〈 sport, in het bijzonder honkbal〉 (scheidsrechterlijke) beslissing

10  telefoontje ⇒ (telefoon)gesprek, belletje

♦voorbeelden:

1   we heard a call for help • we hoorden hulpgeroep

     within call • binnen gehoorsafstand

4   pay a call • een visite afleggen; 〈informeel; eufemistisch〉naar een zekere plaats/nummer 100 gaan

     pay a call on someone • iemand een kort bezoek brengen, bij iemand langsgaan

6   he answered the call of his country • hij gaf gehoor aan de roep van zijn land

     the actors received a call for eight o'clock • de acteurs moesten om acht uur op

     at/on call • (onmiddellijk) beschikbaar; (telefonisch) oproepbaar; (direct) opeisbaar; op afroep

     have at/on one's call • tot zijn (onmiddellijke) beschikking hebben

     〈 geldwezen〉 money at/on call, loan on call • callgeld, daggeldlening

7   you have no call for more money • jij hebt geld genoeg zo

     there's no call for you to worry • je hoeft je niet ongerust te maken

10  give someone a call • iemand bellen

     I'll take the call • ik neem hem wel 〈 telefoon〉

¶ 〈 Brits-Engels〉 call to the bar • toelating als advocaat

     〈 eufemistisch〉 call of nature • aandrang 〈 om naar het toilet te gaan〉; natuurlijke behoefte

     there's not much call for figs • er is niet veel vraag naar vijgen

→ close close/

————————

I 〈 onovergankelijk werkwoord〉

1 (even) langsgaan/komen ⇒ (kort) op bezoek gaan, aanwippen; stoppen 〈 op station〉

♦voorbeelden:

1   the baker calls every day • de bakker komt iedere dag

     〈 informeel〉 call by • (even) aan/binnenwippen

     please call in this afternoon • kom vanmiddag even langs alsjeblieft

     do call round again • kom vooral nog eens langs

     the ship calls at numerous ports • het schip doet talrijke havens aan

→ call for call for/, call in call in/, call upon call upon/

II 〈 onovergankelijk en overgankelijk werkwoord〉

1  (uit)roepen

2  (op)bellen ⇒ 〈 bij uitbreiding〉 oproepen, radiotelefoneren, (draadloos) telegraferen

3  roepen 〈 ook figuurlijk〉 ⇒ zijn roep uiten 〈 van vogel〉; lokken 〈 door nabootsing van dierengeluid〉; 〈 in het bijzonder〉 ritmisch roepen 〈 instructies〉; bij dans

4 〈 kaartspel〉 bieden ⇒ annonceren; 〈 in het bijzonder〉 de troefkleur noemen

♦voorbeelden:

1   call for help • om hulp roepen

     call (something) (out) to someone • iemand (iets) toeroepen

2   London calling • hier (radio) Londen

     Edith will call (you) tonight • Edith belt (je) vanavond

3   birds were calling (to) each other • vogels riepen (naar) elkaar

     duty calls (me) • de/mijn plicht roept

4   did Joan call (hearts) at all? • hééft Joan wel (harten) geboden?

→ call back call back/, call out call out/

III 〈 overgankelijk werkwoord〉

1  afroepen ⇒ oplezen, opsommen

2  (op)roepen ⇒ aanroepen; terugroepen 〈 acteur〉; 〈 in het bijzonder〉 tot het priesterschap roepen

3  afkondigen ⇒ bijeenroepen, proclameren

4  wakker maken ⇒ wekken, roepen

5  (be)noemen ⇒ aanduiden als; 〈 sport〉 annonceren, geven

6  vinden ⇒ beschouwen als

7  het houden op ⇒ zeggen, (een bedrag) afmaken op

8 〈 kaartspel〉 bieden

9 〈 informeel〉 bewijs eisen ⇒ waarmaking eisen; 〈 in het bijzonder poker〉 willen zien

10 〈 geldwezen〉 (terug)betaling eisen van ⇒ opeisen, opzeggen

♦voorbeelden:

1   call (off/out) numbers • nummers afroepen

2   call a witness • een getuige oproepen

     call to witness • als getuige oproepen

     call down/in/over • (naar) beneden/(naar) binnen/bij zich roepen

3   call an election • een verkiezing afkondigen

     call a meeting • een vergadering beleggen/bijeenroepen

5   〈 honkbal〉 the ball/pitch/strike was called out • de bal/worp/slag werd uit/wijd gegeven

     how can you call yourself my friend? • hoe kun je beweren dat je mijn vriend(in) bent?

     call someone a liar • iemand uitmaken voor leugenaar

     you call that hard? • noem/vind je dat moeilijk?

     call (something) one's own • (iets) bezitten, (iets) zijn eigendom (kunnen) noemen

     〈 informeel〉 what d'you call it? • hoe-heet-het-ook-weer?, dinges

     be called after one's grandfather • vernoemd zijn naar zijn grootvader

6   I call it nonsense • ik vind het onzin

7   let's call it ten guilders • laten we het op een tientje houden

¶ call into being • in het leven roepen

     call away • wegroepen

     call forth • oproepen, (naar) boven brengen

     call forward • naar voren roepen

→ call down call down/, call in call in/, call off call off/, call up call up/

n. vangen; grijpen; betrappen; nemen, halen

v. vangen; grijpen; betrappen; nemen, halen

[ kætsj]

I 〈 telbaar zelfstandig naamwoord〉

1  vang ⇒ het vangen

2  vangst ⇒ buit, aanwinst; 〈 in het bijzonder〉 visvangst

3  vangbal

4  houvast ⇒ greep

5  hapering 〈 van stem, adem, machine e.d.〉 ⇒ het stokken

6 〈 informeel〉 addertje onder het gras ⇒ luchtje, valstrik

7  vergrendeling ⇒ pal, k

8 〈 muziek〉 canon

♦voorbeelden:

2   〈 informeel, in het bijzonder met betrekking tot het huwelijk〉 a good catch • een goede partij

     no catch • geen aanwinst

II 〈 niet-telbaar zelfstandig naamwoord〉

1  overgooien 〈 balspel〉

————————

〈 caught, caught [ko:t]〉

I 〈 onovergankelijk werkwoord〉

1  vlam vatten ⇒ ontbranden

2  pakken ⇒ aanslaan

3  besmettelijk zijn ⇒ zich verspreiden 〈 van ziekte〉

4 〈 honkbal〉 achtervangen ⇒ achtervanger/catcher zijn

5 klem/vast komen te zitten ⇒ blijven haken/zitten

♦voorbeelden:

2   the engine failed to catch • de motor sloeg niet aan

     the nut doesn't catch • de moer pakt niet

5   the bolt has caught • de grendel zit vast

¶ catch at any opportunity • iedere gelegenheid aangrijpen

→ catch on catch on/, catch up catch up/

II 〈 overgankelijk werkwoord〉

1  (op)vangen ⇒ pakken, grijpen

2  (plotseling) stuiten op ⇒ tegen het lijf lopen

3  betrappen ⇒ verrassen

4  inhalen

5  halen 〈 bijvoorbeeld trein, bus〉 ⇒ (nog) op tijd zijn voor

6  oplopen ⇒ krijgen, opdoen 〈 ziekte〉

7  slaan ⇒ een klap geven

8  trekken 〈aandacht e.d.〉 ⇒ wekken, vangen

9  opvangen ⇒ (kunnen) ontvangen, zien 〈radio/tv-uitzending, film e.d.〉

10  stuiten ⇒ (plotseling) inhouden/tegenhouden

11  bevangen ⇒ overweldigen

12  verstaan ⇒ (kunnen) volgen

13  (weten te) vangen ⇒ accuraat (weten) weer (te) geven

♦voorbeelden:

1   catch fish/thieves • vis/dieven vangen

     a nail caught his shirt • hij bleef met zijn overhemd aan een spijker haken/hangen

     I caught my thumb in the car door • ik ben met mijn duim tussen het portier gekomen

     catch one's foot on something • met zijn voet ergens achter blijven haken, over iets struikelen

3   caught in the act • op heterdaad betrapt

     〈 ironisch〉 catch me! • ik kijk wel uit!

6   catch (a) cold • kou vatten

7   〈 slang〉 she caught him a blow • ze gaf hem een klap

8   catch someone's attention/interest • iemands aandacht trekken/belangstelling wekken

9   catch a glimpse of • een glimp opvangen van

10  he caught his breath from fear • van angst stokte zijn adem

     catch oneself • zich plotseling inhouden, opeens stoppen

11  〈 informeel〉 catch it • de wind van voren krijgen

12  I didn't quite catch what you said • ik verstond je niet goed

¶ catch a dress in • een jurk insnoeren

→ catch out catch out/, catch up catch up/

n. storing, verstoring; opwinding

[ distə:bəns]

1  opschudding ⇒ beroering, relletje

2  stoornis ⇒ verstoring

3  storing

♦voorbeelden:

1   the price increase gave rise to disturbances all over the country • de prijsverhoging gaf in het hele land aanleiding tot relletjes

     his arrival caused quite a disturbance • zijn komst veroorzaakte heel wat opschudding

2   a disturbance of the peace • een ordeverstoring

pron. alles

[ evrieθing]

1  alles ⇒ alle dingen/zaken

2  het voornaamste ⇒ het enige, alles

3 〈steeds +and〉 van alles ⇒ dergelijke, zo, dat (alles), nog van die dingen

♦voorbeelden:

1   she wanted everything she saw • ze wilde alles hebben wat ze zag

     she put everything she had into the performance • ze gaf zich helemaal in de opvoering

     everything but a success • allesbehalve een succes/bepaald geen succes

2   he thinks Bach is everything • voor hem is Bach het einde

3   with exams, holidays and everything she had plenty to think of • met examens, vakantie en zo had ze genoeg om over te denken

n. rap muziek, muziekgenre waarin versen en rijmen op ritmische wijze wordt voorgedragen met als begeleiding een ritmische maatslag (ontwikkeld in de stedelijke gebieden gedurende de mid-zeventiger (20-e E))

n. tik; schuldig zijn; aanmaning

v. tikken; aanmanen

[ ræp] 〈 zelfstandig naamwoord〉

1  tik ⇒ slag

2  klop ⇒ geklop

3  duit ⇒ cent; 〈 figuurlijk〉 zier, beetje

4 〈 slang〉 schuld ⇒ straf

5 〈informeel; muziek〉 rap 〈 ritmische vertelling op muziek〉

♦voorbeelden:

1   get a rap on/over the knuckles • een tik op de vingers krijgen; 〈 figuurlijk〉 op de vingers getikt worden

2   there was a rap on my door • er werd op mijn deur geklopt

3   he doesn't give a rap for her • hij geeft helemaal niets om haar

4   I don't want to take the rap for this • ik wil hier niet voor opdraaien

     beat the rap • zijn straf ontlopen

————————

〈 rapped〉

I 〈 onovergankelijk werkwoord〉

1  kloppen ⇒ tikken

2 〈informeel; muziek〉 rappen 〈 ritmisch voordragen van tekst op muziek〉

3 〈 slang〉 praten ⇒ erop los kletsen

♦voorbeelden:

1   rap at a door • op een deur kloppen

II 〈 overgankelijk werkwoord〉

1  slaan ⇒ een tik geven

2  kloppen op

3  bekritiseren ⇒ op de vingers tikken

♦voorbeelden:

2   he rapped the door • hij klopte op de deur

3   the President rapped the Department of State • de president gaf het ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken een schrobbering

→ rap out rap out/

adj. buitengewoon

n. teken; voorteken; signaal

v. teken geven; voortekenen; signaleren

[ signl] 〈 zelfstandig naamwoord〉

1  signaal 〈ook figuurlijk; ook met betrekking tot radio, tv〉 ⇒ teken, sein

2  sein(apparaat) ⇒ signaal

3  verkeerslicht

♦voorbeelden:

1   signal of distress • noodsignaal

     get the signal • het signaal ontvangen 〈 figuurlijk〉; de wenk begrijpen

     the police action was the signal for the revolution • het politieoptreden was het signaal voor de opstand

————————

〈 bijvoeglijk naamwoord〉

1  buitengewoon ⇒ glansrijk

♦voorbeelden:

1   fail signally • duidelijk verliezen

————————

〈 Brits-Engels signalled〉

I 〈 onovergankelijk en overgankelijk werkwoord〉

1  (over)seinen ⇒ een teken geven

♦voorbeelden:

1   the leader signalled to his men for the attack to begin • de leider gaf zijn mannen het teken tot de aanval

II 〈 overgankelijk werkwoord〉

1  aankondigen ⇒ te kennen geven

n. braaksel

v. overgeven, braken

[ vommit] 〈 zelfstandig naamwoord〉

1  braking

————————

〈 werkwoord〉

1  (uit)braken 〈 ook figuurlijk〉 ⇒ overgeven

♦voorbeelden:

1   she vomited up all yesterday's food • zij gaf al het eten van gisteren over

Robin Hood (een verhaal over een engelse dief die het gestolen geld van de rijken aan de armen gaf)