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41 ὀρνίθειος
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὀρνίθειος
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42 ὑφίημι
A let down, lower,ἱστόν Il.1.434
, h.Ap. 504, cf. Poll.1.107; ὑ. τὸ ἱστίον lower sail, Sch.S.El. 335 (v. infr. 111); ὑ. τὰς ῥάβδους, of lictors, Plu.Pomp.19.2 put under,ὑπὸ δὲ θρῆνυν ποσὶν ἥσει Il.14.240
, cf. Od.19.57;ὑφείσθωσαν ὑπὸ τοὺς βρόχους X.Cyn.10.2
; put a young one under its dam, put it to suck,ὑπ' ἔμβρυον ἧκεν ἑκάστῃ Od.9.245
, 309; ὑφίητι ([dialect] Dor.)τὰ μοσχία Theoc.4.4
:—but in [voice] Med., μαστοῖς ὑφεῖτο put it to her own breasts, to suckle it, E.Ph.31.b put female to male, Palaeph.39.3 ὑ. τινά engage any one secretly, prepare him to play a part, suborn,ὑφεὶς μάγον τοιόνδε S.OT 387
, cf. Pl.Ax. 368e: hence in [tense] pf. part. [voice] Pass., ὡς ἔχιδν' ὑφειμένη like a snake lurking, S.Ant. 531: alsoἐνέδρας πολλὰς ὑφείς Plu.Pyrrh.30
, cf. Anon. ap. Suid. s.v. ὑφέντες; ἐνσχεθεὶς ταῖς πάγαις ἂς ἄλλοις ὑφῆκε Ael.Fr.22;δέλεαρ αὐτῷ δέκα σπείρας ὑφῆκεν Plu. Pomp.20
, cf. Per.13.II intr., slacken, relax, or abate from a thing, c. gen.,ὑπεὶς τῆς ὀργῆς Hdt.1.156
;τῆς ἀγνωμοσύνης Id.9.4
, cf. E. Ion 847;πολὺ τῆς ὁρμῆς ὑφεικώς D.Chr.11.95
: abs., give in, abate,οὐδὲν ὑπιέντες Hdt.7.162
:—[voice] Med.,ὑπίεσθαι τῆς ὀργῆς Id.2.121
.δ; ὕφεσθε τοῦ τόνου Ar.V. 337
;τοῦ μέγα φρονεῖν X.Cyr.7.5.62
;τῆς δυνάμεως μηδέν Id.Mem.4.3.17
; of things, [τὸ ὕδωρ] ὑπίεται τοῦ ψυχροῦ abates from.., Hdt.4.181;οὐ πόνων ὑ. X.Ages.7.1
; τοῦ στόματός γε ὑ. I give way as to it, Id.Smp.5.7: yield, give way, D.H. 8.84;τοῖς πολεμίοις Id.Cyr.5.2.12
; φρονήματος οὐδενὶ.. ὑφιέμενος inferior to none in spirit, Plu.Cat.Mi.1, cf. Id.2.54c;ὑ. τῆς ἐμπειρίας Jul.Or.2.53d
;ὑ. τινὶ τῆς ὁδοῦ Luc.Luct. 2
; give up,τῶν ἐκ τῆς ἀρχῆς προσόδων Jul.Or.1.19c
: c. dat. et inf.,οὐδενὶ ὑφείμην ἂν ἥδιον ἐμοῦ βεβιωκέναι X.Mem.4.8.6
, cf. HG7.4.9, Oec.12.14.III [voice] Med. and [voice] Pass., lower one's sails (v. supr. 1.1), Archil. (?) in PLit.Lond.54, Ar.Ra. 1220: mostly in [tense] pf. part., ἐν κακοῖς μοι πλεῖν ὑφειμένῃ δοκεῖ to run with lowered sails, i. e. to lower one's tone, S.El. 335; soὑφειμένοις πλέων ἱστίοις καὶ ταπεινοῖς Plu.Luc.3
: metaph.,τῆς φωνῆς ὑφειμένης ἐπαρθείσης δὲ μή Phld.Rh.1.199S.
, cf. Philostr.Im.1.22, Aristaenet.1.3; diminution,Thphr.
CP6.14.12; μισθῶν ὑφειμένων at reduced wages, PTeb.5.251 (ii B. C.); ὑφειμένα χρώματα pale colours, Steph. in Gal.1.250 D.: c. gen., to descend lower in the scale than, be inferior to,Procl.
Inst.18, Dam.Pr.34: abs.,- ειμένος Plot.6.4.11
, Procl.Inst.24, al.2 σῴζω νεοσσοὺς ὄρνις ὢς ὑφειμένη like a cowering hen,—or perh. with my nestlings under me, E.HF72.3 submit, X.An.3.1.17, 3.2.3, al.: c. inf., κατθανεῖν ὑφειμένη submissively prepared to die, E.Alc. 524. -
43 αἴθυια
αἴθυια: water-hen.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > αἴθυια
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44 αἰών
αἰών, - ῶνοςGrammatical information: m., also f.Meaning: `(life)time, long time, eternity' (Il.).Other forms: αἰέν adv. `always'Origin: IE [Indo-European] [17] * h₂ei-u-Etymology: From *αἰϜών, an n-stem, also seen in the old loc. αἰέν; s-stem in αἰῶ and αἰές, αἰεί (q.v.). - On the meaning in general Stadtmüller Saeculum 2, 315ff. - Neuter u-stem Skt. ā́yu, Av. āiiu, gen. yaoš, dat. yauuōi from * h₂oiu, * h₂i-eu-s, * h₂i-eu-ei. Latin has the o-stem aevus \< * h₂ei-u-o-, Gothic an i-stem aiwins (acc. pl.). An old derivation is Lat. iuvenis, Skt. yúvan- `young man' from * h₂iu-Hen- (`having vital strength'). Derived from this word is Lith. jáunas, OCS junъ `young' and Goth. jund `youth' \< * h₂iu-Hn-ti-. - See on οὐ.Page in Frisk: 1,49Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > αἰών
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45 ἐλέγχω
Grammatical information: vMeaning: 1. `revile, disgrace' (Hom.); 2. `cross-exmine, bring to proof, accuse, question' (Hdt., Pi., Att.); on the meaning Daux REGr. 55, 252ff.Other forms: ἐλέγξαι (Il.), fut. ἐλέγξω, aor. pass. ἐλεγχθῆναι with ἐλεγχθήσομαι, perf. ἐλήλεγμαι, 3. sg. - γκται (Att.)Derivatives: To 1: ἔλεγχος n. (as ὄνειδος) `revile, disgrace' (Hom., Hes., Pi.; cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 263), in plur. also of persons, `coward'; in masculine ἐλεγχέες (Δ 242, Ω 239; but s. Bechtel Lex. s. ἐλεγχής, Frisk GHÅ 41 [1935]: 3, 19f., Sommer Nominalkomp. 137); superlative ἐλέγχιστος (Hom.; Seiler Steigerungsformen 83f.); from ἔλεγχος also ἐλεγχείη `id.' (Il.; cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 218). - To 2: ἔλεγχος m. (as λόγος) `proof, refutation, inquisition' (Hdt., Pi., Att.); ἔλεγξις `id.' (LXX, NT, Philostr.) with painful ἐλεγξῖνος (D. L.); ἐλεγμός `id.' (LXX, NT); ἐλεγκτήρ `who proves' (Antipho; Ionisch?, Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 52); ἐλεγκτικός `good for ἐλέγχειν, prepared for' (Att. etc.).Etymology: Uncertain. Since Pott often connected with ἐλαχύς, but this is as often denied, s. Osthoff MU 6, 7ff. Semantically the connection is quite possible: cf. NHG. schmähen, MHG. smæhen `disgrace', OHG smāhen `make small', from smāhi `small'; also NHG Schmach, MHG smāhe, smæhe `revile'. Phonetically the etymology implies, that ἐλέγχω for *ἐλέμφω (idg. * h₁lengʷʰ-) has its χ from ἐλαχύς, ἐλάσσων (\< *ἐλάχ-ι̯ων), ἐλάχιστος. The verb ἐλέγχω would be identical with Av. rǝnǰaiti `makes light'. - Or with Fick 1, 537 to Latv. langāt `revile', also OHG OS. lahan `revile' a. o.; acc. to Sturtevant Comp. gr.1 89, 2 58 to Hitt. lingazi, li(n)kzi `swear'. Pok. 676 recalls Nur. lang `shame, deceit, treason'.Page in Frisk: 1,486-487Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐλέγχω
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46 εὐθενέω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `thrive, flourish', of animals and plants, also metaph. of towns, peoples etc. (A., Arist.);Compounds: as 1. member in εὐθηνι-άρχης `commissioner of (corn)supply' with - αρχέω, - ία, - ικός (pap.; also εὑθενι-).Derivatives: εὐθένεια, - ία (- ίη Epigr. Ia) `thriving situation, fullness, supply, annona' (Arist. as v. l. beside εὐθηνία, pap. of Rom. times) with εὐθενιακός (pap.). - Also εὐθηνέω `id.' (h. Hom. 30, 10, Hdt., Hp.) with εὐθηνία = εὐθενεια, - ία (Arist. as v. l.); - rare and late adj.: εὐθενής εὐπαθοῦσα, ἰσχυρά H. with εὐθενέστατος (pap. VIp), εὐθηνός `thriving' (Hdn. Epim. 175, Lyd. Ost. [VIp]).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: The explanation depends of the relation between these forms. If the forms with - ε- are original, εὐθενέω will be a denominative of εὐθενής, to which was made the abstract εὐθένεια, - ία. We would have to start from a noun *θένος besie φόνος in the ἅπ. λεγ. φόνον αἵματος (Π 162), if this is `mass of blood', which is not certain, s. s. v. That would give *θένος: εὐθενής: εὐθένεια: εὐθενέω like μένος: εὐμενής: εὐμένεια: εὐμενέω. But εὐθενής is rare and late, while εὐθενέω is older. Then the agreement with Skt. ā-hanás- `thriving, full' (Bechtel Lex. 78f. with Fick BB 8, 330), IE *- gʷhenes- becomes doubtfull. To ā-hanás- and εὑ-θενής are further connected Skt. ghana- `solid, thick, full of' (ep. class.; very doubtfull RV. 1, 8, 3), NPers. ā-ganiš `full', ā-gandan `fill on'; from Balto-Slavic further Lith. ganà `enough', OCS goněti `be enough'; finally Alb. zânë `solid, thick', IE * gʷhen- (Jokl Mélanges Pedersen 131) and Arm. y-ogn `multum, very, much' (the last quite uncertain). Unclear are PN in - φόντης as Κρεσ-φόντης (cf. on κράτος), Πολυ-φόντης as well as φανᾶν θέλειν H. Far remain the unclear ἄφενος and παρθένος (s. vv.). The - η- in εὐθηνέω etc. can be old lengthened grade; secondary lengthening (after κτῆνος, μῆλα etc.?; Fraenkel Lexis 3, 61) cannot be excluded. - If we assume an original η-vowel, εὑθενέω could be a comparable derailment (after σθένος?; Sommer Lautstud. 66) or old weak grade (Schwyzer 340f.); Gr. *θῆνος has been compared with Lat. fēnus `produce' (to fē-līx, s. θῆλυς, and θῆ-σθαι) which could be phonetically and semantically identical (cf. Fick 1, 415, Froehde BB 21, 326f.), if the connection with Skt. ā-hanás- etc. is given up. - See Bq s. v., Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. ganà.Page in Frisk: 1,586-587Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > εὐθενέω
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47 καλάϊνος
καλάϊνος, καλλ-Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `blue-green, bluish', of stones, earthenware etc. ( PSI 4, 396, 9 [IIIa], Peripl. M. Rubr. 39 [cod. καλλεανός], AP, Dsc.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Adj. in - ινος, seemingly from κάλλαις `blue-green stone, turquoise' (Plin. NH 37, 151), but this could also be a backformation. Bezzenberger in Fick 2, 73 and Prellwitz 205: to κάλλαιον `cock's comb, the feathers of a cock' and καλαΐς `hen' (s. vv.).Page in Frisk: 1,759Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καλάϊνος
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48 καλλ-
καλάϊνος, καλλ-Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `blue-green, bluish', of stones, earthenware etc. ( PSI 4, 396, 9 [IIIa], Peripl. M. Rubr. 39 [cod. καλλεανός], AP, Dsc.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Adj. in - ινος, seemingly from κάλλαις `blue-green stone, turquoise' (Plin. NH 37, 151), but this could also be a backformation. Bezzenberger in Fick 2, 73 and Prellwitz 205: to κάλλαιον `cock's comb, the feathers of a cock' and καλαΐς `hen' (s. vv.).Page in Frisk: 1,759Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καλλ-
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49 κρέξ
κρέξ, κρεκόςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `name of a long-legged bird, perhaps the ruff, Machetes pugnax, or the corn-crake, Rallus crex (Hdt., Ar., Arist.), also metaph. of a noisy braggart (Eup.).Etymology: As the identification of the bird is uncertain (s. Thompson Birds s. v.), all etymologies are hypothetical. Onomatopoetic origin is open; one compares other bird names as Skt. kr̥kara- `kind of partridge', MIr. cercc `hen', OPr. kerko `diver', Russ. kréčet `gerfalcon' (Pok. 568; see also Borgström NTS 16, 142). - Further κερκάς κρεξ τὸ ὄρνεον, κερκιθαλίς ἐρῳδιός (cf. αἰγίθαλος), κέρκος ἀλεκτρυών H.; also κέρκνος ἱέραξ η ἀλεκρυών H., and κέρκαξ ἱέραξ H. (On confusion with κέρκος `tail of an animal' (s. v.) nothing can be said.Page in Frisk: 2,14-15Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κρέξ
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50 κρεκός
κρέξ, κρεκόςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `name of a long-legged bird, perhaps the ruff, Machetes pugnax, or the corn-crake, Rallus crex (Hdt., Ar., Arist.), also metaph. of a noisy braggart (Eup.).Etymology: As the identification of the bird is uncertain (s. Thompson Birds s. v.), all etymologies are hypothetical. Onomatopoetic origin is open; one compares other bird names as Skt. kr̥kara- `kind of partridge', MIr. cercc `hen', OPr. kerko `diver', Russ. kréčet `gerfalcon' (Pok. 568; see also Borgström NTS 16, 142). - Further κερκάς κρεξ τὸ ὄρνεον, κερκιθαλίς ἐρῳδιός (cf. αἰγίθαλος), κέρκος ἀλεκτρυών H.; also κέρκνος ἱέραξ η ἀλεκρυών H., and κέρκαξ ἱέραξ H. (On confusion with κέρκος `tail of an animal' (s. v.) nothing can be said.Page in Frisk: 2,14-15Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κρεκός
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51 ὄρνεον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `bird' (Ν 64).Compounds: A few late compp., e.g. ὀρνεο-θηρευτική f. `the art of bird-catching' (Ath.). -- Often as 1. member, e.g. ὀρνιθο-θήρας m. `bird-catcher' (Ar., Arist.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 93 a. 99), ὀρνιχο-λόχος m. `id.' (Pi.). Also as 2. member, e.g. δύσ-ορνις `with bad auspices' (A., E., Plu.), πολυ-όρνιθος `rich of birds' (E.).Derivatives: Besides ο῎ρνῑ̆ς, -ῑθος etc. (Il.), acc. sg. also - ιν, pl. also - εις, -ῑς (trag., D.), Dor. -ῑχος etc. (Pi., Alcm., B., Theoc., Cyrene), dat. pl. - ίχεσσι and - ιξι, to which nom. sg. - ιξ, gen. pl. - ίκων (hell. pap.) m. f. `(augural) bird', young-Att. esp. `hen, cock' (Wackernagel Unt. 165 w. n.1). - From it ὀρνε-ώδης `bird-like' (Plu.), - ώτης m. `bird-catcher' (Poll.), - ακός `avian' (Tz.), - άζομαι `to twitter' (Aq.), `to hold one's head up high' ("watching the birds", Com. Adesp.). Several derivv.: 1. Dimin. ὀρνίθ-ιον (IA.), - άριον (com., Arist.), also ὀρν-ύφιον (from ὄρνεον?; Thphr., Dsc.). Further subst. 2. - ᾶς, -ᾶ m. `poulterer' (pap. II--VIp; Schwyzer 461 w. lit.); 3. - ίαι m. pl. "bird-winds", which bring migratory birds (Ion., Arist.), χειμὼν -ίας (Ar.); cf. ἐτησίαι a.o. (Chantraine Form. 95); - ίας m. `bird-fancier' (Lib.); - ίων m. PN (Att.); 4. - ών, - ῶνος m. `henhouse' (inscr., pap.); 5. - ία f. `poisoning by bird dung' ( Hippiatr.; Scheller Oxytonierung 44). Adj. 6. - ειος `of a bird, of a chicken' (Att.); 7. - ικός `belonging to birds, hens' (Luc.); 8. τὰ -ιακά name of a work on birds by D. P. (on the formation Schwyzer 497 w. lit.); 9. - ώδης `bird-like' (Arist.). Verbs 10. - εύω `to catch birds' (X.), - εύομαι `to watch the birds, auspicari' (D.H.) with - εία f. `auspicium' (Plb.), - ευτής m. `bird-catcher' (Att.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 62), - ευτική f. `the art of bird-catching' (Pl.); 11. - όομαι `to be changed into a bird' (Philoch.); 12. - ιάζω `to speak the language of birds' (sch. Ar. Av.). -- Further ὄρν-ιος = ὀρνίθ-ειος (AP), ὀρν-ίζω `to twitter' (Aq., uncertain; cf. ὀρνεάζομαι ab.). -- On itself stands ὀρναπέτιον n. (Boeot., Ar. Ach. 913; hypocor.-contempting) with unclear α; cf. further κινώπετον, ἑρπετόν a.o., also Bechtel Dial. 1, 308. -- On the diff. formations s. Robert Mél. Niedermann (Neuchâtel 1944) 67ff.Etymology: Both ὄρν-εον and ὄρν-ῑ-ς go back on a ν-stem (in ὄρν-εον enlarged with a prob. genderindicating ε(ι)ο-suffix ( τὰ ὄρνεα older than τὸ ὄρνεον? Chantraine Form. 62; cf. Risch $ 49 a); diff. Wackernagel Unt. 165 n. 1 (stem -neu̯o-). The more usual ὄρν-ῑ-ς is an orig. feminine ῑ-deriv. (cf. Schwyzer 465 a. 573), to which analogic. or popular θ- resp. χ-suffixes were added (Schw. 510 u. 496, Chantraine Form. 366 a. 377; but s. below). The for Greek to be assumed n-stem is found back in Germ. and Hitt. word for `eagle', e.g. Goth. ara (gen. * arin-s), OWNo. are and ǫrn (\< * arn-u- with u-flexion), OE earn etc., Hitt. ḫara-š, gen. ḫaran-aš, IE * or-(e\/ o-)n-. With this interchanges an l-stem in Balto-Slavic, z.B. Lith. erẽl-is, arẽl-is, OCS orьl-ъ, Russ. orël `eagle'. Further forms, also from Armen. and Celt., in WP. 1, 135, Pok. 325f., Fraenkels. erẽlis, Vasmer s. orël; w. rich lit.; older lit. also in Bq. - The suffixes -ῑθ-, -ῑχ- may be Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,421-422Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὄρνεον
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52 πέτευρον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `hen-roost, acrobat's bar, -framework, high platform, public notice-board' (Ar. Fr. 839, inscr. IVa, hell.).Derivatives: πετεύρ-ιον n. `small notice-board' (Erythrae IVa), - ίζομαι `to use a π.' = `to act as an acrobat' (Phld.), with - ισμός, - ιστής, - ιστήρ (Plu., Man.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Technical expression without certain etymology. After Kretschmer KZ 31, 449 from πετα- (= πεδα-, s.v.) and αὔρα `air'; similar Baunack Phil. 70, 469 and Schwyzer 198 (Schw.-Debr. 498 n. 2; cf. also Prellwitz): from *πετᾱ(Ϝ)ορον as byform of πεδα(Ϝ)ορον = μετέωρον. On the contrary Persson Beitr. 2, 825 n. 7 with Lobeck tries to find connection with πέτομαι (prop. *"instrument to fly"[?]); formation then like ἄλευρον (Benveniste Origines 112). The hesitation ευ: αυ is also diff. interpreted; ευ hypercorrect for αυ (Schwyzer l.c.); from - ᾰϜορον resp. - ηϜορον (Baunack l.c.). -- Lat. LW [loanword] petaurum, - aurista with - auristānus, - aurārius (W.-Hofmann s.v.; there also lit.). -- Pre-Greek Furnée 353; there is also πέντευρον H. (Furnée 291).Page in Frisk: 2,521Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πέτευρον
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53 Περσεφόνη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: Spouse of Hades (Pluto), queen of the underworld; as a daughter of Demeter, identified as Κόρη (Ion. since h. Cer. and Hes.)Other forms: - φόνεια (Il. a. Od.). Several byforms: Φερσε-φόνα (Simon., Pi., Thess.), - φόνεια (H.), Πηριφόνα (Locr.), Πηρεφόνεια (Lac. after H.); with diff. ending: Περσέ-φασσα (A.), Φερσέ-φασσα (S., E.), Φερρέ-φαττα (Pl., Ar., Att. inscr.) a.o. (P.-W. 19, 945ff., Kretschmer Glotta 24, 236) with the sanctuary Φερ(ρ)εφάττ-ιον n. (D., AB).Derivatives: From it the plantname Περσεφόνιον, Φερ- (Ps.-Dsc.), s. Strömberg Pfl. 100 w. lit.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: As common basis of the "1. member" one may posit Φερσε-; from there through breath-dissimilation, comp.lengthening etc. the diff. forms; Πηρι- after Άρχι- a.o. (cf. Schwyzer 281 a. 444). Orig. Περσε- is however quite as well possible; then Φερσε- through assimilation to - φασσα. For - φόνεια beside - φόνη cf. Πηνελόπεια beside -η; - φασσα, - φαττα from *-φατ-ι̯α can have had an orig. nasal (-n̥-t-i̯ǝ), through which - φασσα would come closer to - φόνη (and - φόν-της). -- Without convincing etymology. The "2. member" is often connected with φόνος `murder', θείνω `kill' (Eust. on κ 491, Fick-Bechtel PN 465, Kretschmer Glotta 24, 236 f.) by diff. interpretation of the 1. member. After Ehrlich KZ 39, 560 ff. however "the one rich in produce", from a noun *φέρος and IE * gʷhen- `swell, to be full of' (which one supposes a. o. in εὑθενέω [s. v.]); in spite of the agreement of Fraenkel Lexis 3, 61 ff. and Heubeck Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 5, 28 ff. (with lit.) not to be recommended. Pelasgian hypothesis, partly following Ehrlich, by v. Windekens Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 8, 168 ff. -- As long as no better explanations from IE are put forward, the word must be considered Pre-Greek; thus a.o. v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 108f. w. n. 3, Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 474.Page in Frisk: 2,517-518Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Περσεφόνη
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54 παρουσία
παρουσία, ας, ἡ (πάρειμι; Trag., Thu.+)① the state of being present at a place, presence (Aeschyl. et al.; Herm. Wr. 1, 22; OGI 640, 7, SIG 730, 14; Did.; cp. Hippol., Ref. 7, 32, 8 ‘existence’) 1 Cor 16:17; Phil 2:12 (opp. ἀπουσία). ἡ π. τοῦ σώματος ἀσθενής his bodily presence is weak i.e. when he is present in person, he appears to be weak 2 Cor 10:10.—Of God (Jos., Ant. 3, 80; 203; 9, 55) τῆς παρουσίας αὐτοῦ δείγματα proofs of his presence Dg 7:9 (cp. Diod S 3, 66, 3 σημεῖα τῆς παρουσίας τοῦ θεοῦ; 4, 24, 1).② arrival as the first stage in presence, coming, advent (Soph., El. 1104; Eur., Alc. 209; Thu. 1, 128, 5. Elsewh. mostly in later wr.: Polyb. 22, 10, 14; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 11, 18 Jac.; Diod S 15, 32, 2; 19, 64, 6; Dionys. Hal. 1, 45, 4; ins, pap; Jdth 10:18; 2 Macc 8:12; 15:21; 3 Macc 3:17; TestAbr A 2 p. 78, 26 [Stone p. 4]; Jos., Bell. 4, 345, Vi. 90; Tat. 39, 3).ⓐ of human beings, in the usual sense 2 Cor 7:6f. ἡ ἐμὴ π. πάλιν πρὸς ὑμᾶς my coming to you again, my return to you Phil 1:26.—RFunk, JKnox Festschr. ’67, 249–68.ⓑ in a special technical sense (difft. JWalvoord, BiblSacr 101, ’44, 283–89 on παρ., ἀποκάλυψις, ἐπιφάνεια) of Christ (and the Antichrist). The use of π. as a t.t. has developed in two directions. On the one hand the word served as a sacred expr. for the coming of a hidden divinity, who makes his presence felt by a revelation of his power, or whose presence is celebrated in the cult (Diod S 3, 65, 1 ἡ τοῦ θεοῦ π. of Dionysus upon earth; 4, 3, 3; Ael. Aristid. 48, 30; 31 K.=24 p. 473 D.; Porphyr., Philos. Ex Orac. Haur. II p. 148 Wolff; Iambl., Myst. 2, 8; 3, 11; 5, 21; Jos., Ant. 3, 80; 203; 9, 55; report of a healing fr. Epidaurus: SIG 1169, 34).—On the other hand, π. became the official term for a visit of a person of high rank, esp. of kings and emperors visiting a province (Polyb. 18, 48, 4; CIG 4896, 8f; SIG 495, 85f; 741, 21; 30; UPZ 42, 18 [162 B.C.]; PTebt 48, 14; 116, 57 [both II B.C.]; O. Wilck II, 1372; 1481. For the verb in this sense s. BGU XIII, 2211, 5.—O. Wilck I 274ff; Dssm., LO 314ff [LAE 372ff]; MDibelius, Hdb. exc. after the expl. of 1 Th 2:20). These two technical expressions can approach each other closely in mng., can shade off into one another, or even coincide (Ins. von Tegea: BCH 25, 1901 p. 275 ἔτους ξθ´ ἀπὸ τῆς θεοῦ Ἁδριανοῦ τὸ πρῶτον ἰς τὴν Ελλάδα παρουσίας).—Herm. Wr. 1, 26 uses π. of the advent of the pilgrim in the eighth sphere.α. of Christ, and nearly always of his Messianic Advent in glory to judge the world at the end of this age: Mt 24:3 (PSchoonheim, Een semasiolog. onderzoek van π. ’53); 1 Cor 1:8 v.l.; 15:23; 2 Th 2:8 (on the expr. ἐπιφάνεια παρουσίας s. FPfister, Pauly-W. Suppl. IV ’24, 322); 2 Pt 3:4; 1J 2:28; Dg 7:6; Hs 5, 5, 3. ἡ π. τοῦ υἱοῦ τ. ἀνθρώπου Mt 24:27, 37, 39 (cp. the suggestion of retribution SIG 741, 21–23; 31f). ἡ π. τοῦ κυρίου 1 Th 4:15; Js 5:7f. ἡ π. τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ 1 Th 3:13; cp. 2:19. ἡ π. τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 5:23; 2 Th 2:1 (on the use in 1 and 2 Th s. RGundry, NTS 33, ’87, 161–78); 2 Pt 1:16 (δύναμις w. παρουσία as Jos., Ant. 9, 55; cp. Ael. Aristid. 48, 30 K. [both passages also b above]).—This explains the expr. ἡ π. τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ ἡμέρας the coming of the Day of God 2 Pt 3:12.—EvDobschütz, Zur Eschatologie der Ev.: StKr 84, 1911, 1–20; FTillmann, D. Wiederkunft Christi nach den paulin. Briefen 1909; FGuntermann, D. Eschatol. des hl. Pls ’32; BBrinkmann, D. Lehre v. d. Parusie b. hl. Pls u. im Hen.: Biblica 13, ’32, 315–34; 418–34; EHaack, E. exeg.-dogm. Studie z. Eschatol. über 1 Th 4:13–18: ZST 15, ’38, 544–69; OCullmann, Le retour de Christ2 ’45; WKümmel, Verheissg. u. Erfüllg.2 ’53; TGlasson, The Second Advent ’45; AFeuillet, CHDodd Festschr. ’56 (Mt and Js).—On delay of the Parousia WMichaelis, Wikenhauser Festschr. ’53, 107–23; EGrässer, D. Problem der Parousieverzögerung (synopt and Ac), ’57.—JATRobinson, Jesus and His Coming, ’57.β. in our lit. prob. only in a few late pass. of Jesus’ advent in the Incarnation (so TestLevi 8:15; TestJud 22:2; Just., A I, 52, 3, D. 14, 8; 40, 4; 118, 2 ἐν τῇ πάλιν παρουσίᾳ; Ps.-Clem., Hom. 2, 52; 8, 5; Orig., C. Cels. 6, 68, 5; Hippol., Ref. 9, 30, 5) τὴν παρουσίαν τοῦ σωτῆρος, κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, τὸ πάθος αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν ἀνάστασιν IPhld 9:2; PtK 4 p. 15, 33. But 2 Pt 1:16 (s. α above) can hardly be classed here.γ. Sense α gave rise to an opposing use of π. to designate the coming of the Antichrist (s. ἄνομος 4; Iren. 3, 7, 2 [Harv. II 26f]; Orig., C. Cels. 6, 45, 5) in the last times οὗ ἐστιν ἡ π. κατʼ ἐνέργειαν τοῦ σατανᾶ whose coming is in keeping with / in line with Satan’s power 2 Th 2:9. KThraede, Grundzüge griechisch-römischer Brieftopik ’70, 95–106.—New Docs 4, 167f. DELG s.v. εἰμί. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. Sv. -
55 ἐπισυνάγω
ἐπισυνάγω fut. ἐπισυνάξω; 1 aor. inf. ἐπισυνάξαι Lk 13:24 as well as 2 aor. inf. ἐπισυναγαγεῖν Mt 23:37 (W-S. §13, 10; Mlt-H. 226). Pass.: 1 fut. ἐπισυναχθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐπισυνήχθην; pf. 3 sg. ἐπισυνῆκται 1 Macc. 15:12, ptc. ἐπισυνηγμένος (s. next entry; Polyb.; Plut., Mor. 894a al.; ins, pap, LXX, En; TestSol D 3, 3f; Test12Patr; GrBar 15:2; ApcMos 29; EpArist, Joseph.) in our lit. always=συνάγω (cp. Lk 17:37=Mt 24:28) to bring together, gather (together) τινά someone (3 Km 18:20 [συναγ. v.l.]; Ps 105:47 al.; TestNapht 8:3) τὰ τέκνα Mt 23:37a; Lk 13:34. Of a hen that gathers her brood Mt 23:37b. τοὺς ἐκλεκτοὺς ἐκ τῶν τεσσάρων ἀνέμων the chosen people from the four winds 24:31; Mk 13:27. Pass. be gathered (OGI 90, 23; SIG 700, 21 [117 B.C.]; 2 Ch 20:26; 1 Esdr 9:5 al.; En 22:3; Philo, Op. M. 38) of birds of prey around a dead body Lk 17:37. Of a crowd gathering (Jos., Ant. 18, 37) 12:1. ὅλη ἡ πόλις Mk 1:33.—DELG s.v. ἄγω. M-M. -
56 Ἑνώχ
Ἑνώχ, ὁ some edd. Ἐνώχ; indecl. (חֲנוֹךְ) (LXX; En; ApcEl [PSI I, 7 verso, 4 restored]; TestAbr B; ApcEsdr 5:2 p. 30, 23 Tdf.; Philo; Test12Patr; Just., D. 23, 1 al.—In Jos., Ant. 1, 79; 85; 9, 28, Ἄνωχος [v.l. Ἔνωχος], ου) Enoch, son of Jared, father of Methuselah (Gen 5:18ff). In the genealogy of Jesus Lk 3:37. As an example of faith and obedience toward God, and therefore translated to heaven (Gen 5:22, 24; Sir 44:16; Jos., Ant. 1, 85) Hb 11:5; 1 Cl 9:3. Prophetic word fr. Enoch Jd 14f (=En 1:9). Here he is called ἕβδομος ἀπὸ Ἀδάμ (cp. Diog. L. 3, 1 Plato is ἕκτος ἀπὸ Σόλωνος in the line of Solon’s descendants; Athen. 13, 555d says of Socrates’ father-in-law Aristides: οὐ τοῦ δικαίου καλουμένου … ἀλλὰ τοῦ τρίτου ἀπʼ ἐκείνου).—The quot. fr. Enoch in B 4:3 cannot be identified w. certainty. Enoch is introduced by conjecture 1 Pt 3:19 (ἐν ᾧ καί; following others by FSpitta 1890 and JHarris, Exp. 6th ser., 4, 1901, 346–49; 5, 1902, 317–20; Moffatt; so Goodsp., Probs. 195–98, JBL 73, ’54, 91f, but against it ESelwyn, 1 Pt, ’46, 197f).—PKatz, Gnomon 26, ’54, 226; HJansen, D. Hen. gestalt. E. vergleich. rel. gesch. Untersuchung ’39; RAC V 461–76; BHHW II, 692.—TW.
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