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101 saepe
saepe adv. with comp. and sup. [1 SAC-], often, oft, oftentimes, many times, frequently: nam saepe est, Cum, etc., it often happens, etc., T.: ex te audivi: mecum agere, ut, etc.: minime saepe, least frequently, Cs.: multa facimus mala saepe poetae, H.: saepe et diu: illos saepe verum dicere, hos numquam: saepe antea, S.—Repeated: saepe... saepe, H.: saepe, five times in succession, C.: saepe... persaepe... saepe... saepe... modo... modo, H.: quod, etsi saepe dictum est, dicendum est tamen saepius, etc.: semel et saepius: iterum et saepius: quo magis novi, tanto saepius, T.: si saepius decertandum sit: optare ut quam saepissime peccet amicus: quod a Milonis inimicis saepissime dicitur.* * *saepius, saepissime ADVoften, oft, oftimes, many times, frequently -
102 saxum
saxum ī, n [2 SAC-], a large stone, rough stone, broken rock, bowlder, rock: e saxo sculptus: magni ponderis saxa, Cs.: saxis suspensa rupes, V.: inter saxa rupīsque, L.: Capitolium saxo quadrato substructum, with foundations of hewn stone, L.—Prov.: satis diu iam hoc saxum vorso, i. e. struggle in vain (as Sisyphus with his stone), T.—As nom prop., the Tarpeian Rock: quis audeat laedere propositā cruce aut saxo?: Deicere de saxo civīs? H.— The Sacred Rock (on the Aventine hill, where Remus consulted the auspices): pulvinar sub Saxo dedicare: Appellant Saxum, pars bona montis ea est, O.—In the name, Saxa Rubra; see ruber.— Plur, stony ground, rocky places: in apricis coquitur vindemia saxis, V.— A stone wall: saxo lucum circumdedit, O.* * * -
103 sedeō
sedeō sēdī, sessum, ēre [SED-], to sit: cum tot summi oratores sedeant, remain sitting: sedens iis adsensi: ante forīs, O.: ducis sub pede, O.: gradu post me uno, H.: plausor usque sessurus, donec, etc., who will keep his place, H.: Sedilibus in primis eques sedet, H.: in illā tuā sedeculā: in saxo, O.: in conclavi, T.: in temone, Ph.: caelestes sedibus altis sedent, O.: eburneis sellis, L.: carpento, L.: delphine, O.: columbae viridi solo, V. —Of magistrates, esp. of judges, to sit, occupy an official seat, preside, be a judge, hold court, act as juror: (tribuno) in Rostris sedente: si idcirco sedetis, ut, etc.: sedissem forsitan unus De centum index in tua verba viris, O.: iudex sedit simius, Ph.: in tribunali Pompei praetoris urbani, assist — To continue sitting, sit still, continue, remain, tarry, wait, abide, sit idle, be inactive, delay, linger, loiter: isdem consulibus sedentibus lata lex est, etc.: an sedere oportuit Domi, T.: totos dies in villā: sedemus desides domi, L.: tam diu uno loco, N.: Sedit qui timuit, ne non succederet, stayed at home, H.: meliora deos sedet omina poscens, waits, V.: ante sacras fores, Tb.: ad mea busta sedens, Pr.—Prov.: compressis manibus sedere, sit with folded hands, L.—Of troops, to sit down, remain encamped, be entrenched, keep the field: ante moenia, L.: ad Trebiam, L.: sedendo expugnare urbem, L.: sedend<*> bellum gerere, by inactivity, L.: sedendo supera <*>ri eum, qui, etc., L.: qui sedet circum castella sub armis, V.— Fig., to sink, settle, subside, rest, lie: Sederunt medio terra fretumquo solo, O.: nebula campo quam montibus densior sederet, was thicker on the plain, L.: esca, Quae simplex olim tibi sederit, sat well upon your stomach, H.— To sit, sit close, hold fast, be firm, be fixed, be settled, be established: tempus fuit, quo navit in undis, Nunc sedet Ortygie, O.: in liquido sederunt ossa cerebro, stuck fast, O.: clava sedit in ore viri, stuck fast, O.: librata cum sederit (glans), L.: plagam sedere Cedendo arcebat, from sinking deeply, O.—In the mind, to be fixed, be impressed, be determined: in ingenio Cressa relicta tuo, O.: Idque pio sedet Aeneae, V.* * *sedere, sedi, sessus Vsit, remain; settle; encamp -
104 silentium
silentium ī, n [silens], a being still, keeping silence, noiselessness, stillness, silence: auditus est magno silentio: nec longa silentia feci, kept silence, O.: silentio facto, silence obtained, L.: silentium classico facere, L.: pubes maestum silentium obtinuit, L.: tenuere silentia cuncti, O.: silentium imperare, Ta.: significare silentium, to give a signal for silence: Athenienses cum silentio auditi sunt, L.: per silentium noctis, L.: ut nulla fere pars orationis silentio praeteriretur, i. e. without applause: silentio praeterire, to pass over in silence: de Partho silentium est, nothing is said: laudem eorum a silentio vindicare, i. e. obscurity: quam maximum silentium haberi iubet, S.: diu maestum silentium tenuit, prevailed, L.: fer opem furtoque silentia deme, i. e. disclose, O.—Of night, stillness, silence: silentio noctis egressus, at the dead of night, Cs.: vocem noctis silentio audisse, L.: mediā nocte silentio profectus, Cs.: mediae per muta silentia noctis, O.—Of the country, stillness, quietness: nactus silentia ruris, O.: vastum, solitude, Ta.—In augury, freedom from disturbance, faultlessness, perfectness: id silentium dicimus in auspiciis, quod omni vitio caret, etc.— A standstill, cessation, repose, inaction, tranquillity: perpetuum fori: vitam silentio transire, S.: inter armatos, L.: idem praeturae tenor et silentium, Ta.* * * -
105 solvō
solvō solvī (soluit, Ct.; soluisse, Tb.), solūtus, ere [2 se+luo], to loosen, unbind, unfasten, unfetter, untie, release: iube solvi (eum), T.: ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt: ita nexi soluti (sunt), L.: Solvite me, pueri, V.: quo modo solvantur (nodi), Cu.: solve capillos, untie, O.: crines, let down, O.: terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae, i. e. thawed, H.: Solve senescentem equum, i. e. from service, H.: talibus ora solvit verbis, freely opens, O.: Solvite vela, unfurl, V.— To detach, remove, part, disengage, free: ancorā solutā (i. e. a litore): classis retinacula solvi iussit, O.: teque isto corpore solvo, V.: partūs, to bring forth, O.—Of ships, to free from land, set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart: navīs solvit, Cs.: primis tenebris solverat navem, L.: cum foedere solvere navīs, O.: navīs a terrā solverunt, Cs.: ab Corintho solvere navīs, L.: tertia fere vigiliā solvit (sc. navem), Cs.: nos eo die cenati solvimus: a Brundusio solvit, L.: Alexandriā solvisse: portu solventes.— To untie, unfasten, unlock, unseal, open: ille pharetram Solvit, uncovered, O.: solutā epistulā, N.: solutis fasciis, Cu.— To take apart, disintegrate, disunite, dissolve, separate, break up, scatter, dismiss: ubi ordines procursando solvissent, L.: agmina Diductis solvēre choris, V.: solvit maniplos, Iu.: coetuque soluto Discedunt, O.: urbem solutam reliquerunt, disorganized: si solvas ‘Postquam discordia tetra’... Invenias, etc., H.— To relax, benumb, make torpid, weaken: ima Solvuntur latera, V.: pennā metuente solvi, i. e. unflagging, H.: illi solvuntur frigore membra, V.: corpora somnus Solverat, O.: somno vinoque solutos, O.: Solvitur in somnos, V.— To loosen, break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, scatter: omne conligatum solvi potest: solvere navīs et rursus coniungere, Cu.: membra ratis, O.— To dissolve, melt, turn, change: nives solvere, melt, O.: (vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem, V.—Of fastenings, to loose, remove, cancel, untie, unlock: nullo solvente catenas, O.: Frenum solvit, Ph.: Solvitur acris hiemps, H.: a corpore bracchia, relaxes his hold, O.: crinalīs vittas, V.: vinculum epistulae, Cu.—Fig., to free, set free, release, loose, emancipate, relieve, exempt: linguam ad iurgia, O.: cupiditates suas, Cu.: Bassanitas obsidione, L.: ut religione civitas solvatur: Vopiscus, solvatur legibus, be exempted: petente Flacco ut legibus solveretur, L.: ut is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solvat, release the testamentary heirs: reus Postumus est eā lege... solutus ac liber, i. e. the law does not apply to: solutus Legibus insanis, H.: vos curis ceteris, T.: solvent formidine terras, V.: Vita solutorum miserā ambitione, H.: longo luctu, V.: calices quem non fecere Contractā in paupertate solutum? i. e. from cares, H.: ego somno solutus sum, awoke.— To acquit, absolve, cleanse, relieve: ut scelere solvamur, be held guiltless: hunc scelere solutum periculo liberavit: Sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei, O.— To relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe (poet.): solvatur fronte senectus (i. e. frons rugis solvatur), be cleared, H.: arctum hospitiis animum, H.—Of ties, obligations, or authority, to remove, cancel, destroy, efface, make void, annul, overthrow, subvert, violate, abolish: solutum coniugium, Iu.: nec coniugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus, O.: culpa soluta mea est, O.: quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia conruperat, S.: solvendarum legum principium (i. e. dissolvendarum), Cu.: disciplinam militarem, subvert, L.: pactique fide data munera solvit, i. e. took back, O.— To loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse, dissolve, destroy: plebis vis soluta atque dispersa, S.: senectus quae solvit omnia, L.: nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae, H.: hoc firmos solvit amores, O.— To end, remove, relieve, soothe: ieiunia granis, O.: Curam Dulci Lyaeo, H.: corde metum, V.: pudorem, V.: solutam cernebat obsidionem, the siege raised, L.: Solventur risu tabulae (see tabula), H.— To accomplish, fulfil, complete, keep (of funeral ceremonies, vows, and promises): omnia paterno funeri iusta, finish the burial rites: iustis defunctorum corporibus solutis, Cu.: exsequiis rite solutis, V.: vota, fulfil: Vota Iovi, O.: solvisti fidem, you have kept your promise, T.: Esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, i. e. your pledge (to be mine through life), O.— To solve, explain, remove: quā viā captiosa solvantur, i. e. are refuted: Carmina non intellecta, O.: nodos iuris, Iu.—Of debts, to fulfil, pay, discharge, pay off: hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas, settled: Castricio pecuniam iam diu debitam, a debt of long standing: ex quā (pensione) maior pars est ei soluta: rem creditori populo solvit, L.: ut creditae pecuniae solvantur, Cs.: debet vero, solvitque praeclare.—Of persons, to make payment, pay: cuius bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt: ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis: pro vecturā: tibi quod debet ab Egnatio, pay by a draft on Egnatius: numquam vehementius actum est quam ne solveretur, to stop payments: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno res p. esset, able to pay its debt, L.; hence the phrase, solvendo esse, to be solvent: solvendo non erat, was insolvent: cum solvendo civitates non essent: ne videatur non fuisse solvendo.—Of money or property, to pay, pay over, hand over (for pecuniā rem or debitum solvere): emi: pecuniam solvi: pro quo (frumento) pretium, L.: quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur: arbitria funeris, the expenses of the funeral: Dona puer solvit, paid the promised gifts, O.: HS CC praesentia, in cash: legatis pecuniam pro frumento, L.—Of a penalty, to accomplish, fulfil, suffer, undergo: iustae et debitae poenae solutae sunt: capite poenas, S.: meritas poenas solvens, Cu.* * *solvere, solvi, solutus Vloosen, release, unbind, untie, free; open; set sail; scatter; pay off/back -
106 umerus
umerus (not hum-), ī, m [cf. ὦμοσ], the upper arm, shoulder: Exerit haec umerum, O.: sagittae pendebant ab umero: umerum apertum gladio appetit, Cs.: Pars umeri ima tui, O.: Demissis umeris esse, T.: umeri ad sustinenda arma liberi, Cs.: umeris sustinere bovem: umeris positurus arcum, H.: Ex umeris armi fiunt, O.—Fig.: comitia suis umeris sustinere: qui scribitis, versate diu, quid ferre recusent, Quid valeant umeri, H.* * *upper arm, shoulder -
107 valeō
valeō uī, itūrus, ēre [VAL-], to be strong, be vigorous, have strength, be able: versate diu Quid valeant umeri, how strong, etc., H.: velocitate ad cursum, viribus ad luctandum: Mustela cum Mures non valeret adsequi, Ph.: valet ima summis Mutare deus, H.—To be in health, be sound, be well, be hale: quom valemus, T.: minus valere... melius valere: corpore: mente, O.: pedibus, N. —As a greeting, imper, farewell, adieu, good-bye: vos valete et plaudite, T.: vive valeque, H.: Et longum, Formose vale, vale, inquit Iolla, V.: vale (ending a letter): Supremumque vale... dixit, O. —In phrases beginning letters: si vales bene ego valeo (written S. v. b. e. v.): si valetis bene ego equidem valeo (written S. v. v. b. e. e. q. v.): cura ut valeas, take care of your health: fac valeas meque mutuo diligas.—In expressions of dismissal: post e<*>am <*>si valere, cum, etc., i. e. politely dismissed: Immo habeat, valeat, vivat cum illā, off with him, T.: si talis est deus, valeat, good-bye to him: valeat res ludicra, si, etc., farewell to the stage, H.: valeant, Qui, etc., away with those, etc., T.—With dico (less correctly valedico), to bid farewell, say adieu, take leave: Vix illud potui dicere triste vale, O.: Saepe vale dicto, O.—To have power, be valid, be effective, have influence, avail, prevail, be strong, succeed: valebunt semper arma: in more maiorum, qui tum ut lex valebat: valuit auctoritas: (eius) valet opinio tarditatis, is established: ius gentium valuit, L.: Et vestrae valuere preces, O.: Neque ita inperita (sum), ut quid amor valeat nesciam, T.: ignari quid virtus valeret: aut gratiā aut misericordiā, Cs.: dicendo, N.: pedum cursu, V.: parum valent (Graeci) verbo, i. e. have no precise word: plurimum ingenio: multum Caesar equitatu valebat, Cs.: in populari genere dicendi: nihil putas valere in iudiciis coniecturam: in Fabiā (tribu), H.—With expressions of effect or result, to be strong enough, be adequate, be capable, be able, have force, be effectual, avail, be applicable, extend: quaecumque est hominis definitio, una in omnīs valet: num etiam in deos inmortales legem valuisse? L.: hoc eo valebat, ut ingratiis ad depugnandum omnes cogerentur, the effect of this was, etc., N.: Ne scis quo valeat nummus, quem praebeat usum? H.: astrorum adfectio valeat, si vis, ad quasdam res; ad omnīs certe non valebit: neque, quod Samnites... amici vobis facti sunt, ad id valere arbitror, ne, etc., L.: ad subeundum periculum multum fortuna valuit, Cs.: ad populum dicendo: maxume apud te, T.: non quin eam (commendationem) valituram apud te arbitrarer: apud magnam partem senatūs gratiā, L.: utrum apud eos pudor an timor valeret, Cs.: praemia, quae apud me minimum valent: hoc nonne videtur contra te valere?: verba Pro deplorato non valitura viro, O.: multitudine militum, Cs.: inter eos virtute, Cs.: nec continere suos ad direptione castrorum valuit, L.: Quam (urbem) neque valuerunt perdere Marsi, H.—To be of the value of, be worth: dum pro argenteis decem aureus unus valeret, L.—To mean, signifyimport: quaerimus verbum Latinum par Graeco et quod idem valeat: quamquam vocabula prope idem valere videbantur.* * *valere, valui, valitus Vbe strong/powerful/influential/healthy; prevailvale -- goodbye/farewell
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108 vōx
vōx vōcis, f [VOC-], a voice, sound, tone, utterance, cry, call: omnes voces hominis: cum (eloquentia) constet e voce atque motu: magna: summā, H.: vocem late nemora alta remittunt, echo, V.: ut nostrorum militum vocibus non nihil carperetur, shouts, Cs.: unā voce populi R. efferri, by the unanimous voice: ad sonitum vocis vestigia torsit, i. e. at the sound of the oars, V.—An utterance, word, saying, speech, sentence, proverb, maxim: non intellegere, quid sonet haec vox voluptatis: illa Platonis vera vox: flens diu vocem non misit, L.: cum quaereret neque ullam vocem exprimere posset, extort an answer, Cs.: nescit vox missa reverti, H.: vetuit me tali voce Quirinus, etc., in these words, H.: sidera excantata voce Thessalā, incantation, H.: consulum voci atque imperio non oboedire, command: tuis victus Venerisque gratae Vocibus, H.: contumeliosae, abuse, Cs.: Sunt verba et voces, quibus hunc lenire dolorem Possis, maxims, H.: Deripere lunam vocibus, by incantations, H.—Speech, language: cultūs hominum recentum Voce formasti catus (Mercurius), H.: Graecā scierit sive Latinā Voce loqui, O.—Pronunciation, accent, tone: rustica: acuta.* * *voice, tone, expression -
109 dia
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110 quamdiu
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111 ab
ăb, ā, abs, prep. with abl. This IndoEuropean particle (Sanscr. apa or ava, Etr. av, Gr. upo, Goth. af, Old Germ. aba, New Germ. ab, Engl. of, off) has in Latin the following forms: ap, af, ab (av), au-, a, a; aps, abs, as-. The existence of the oldest form, ap, is proved by the oldest and best MSS. analogous to the prep. apud, the Sanscr. api, and Gr. epi, and by the weakened form af, which, by the rule of historical grammar and the nature of the Latin letter f, can be derived only from ap, not from ab. The form af, weakened from ap, also very soon became obsolete. There are but five examples of it in inscriptions, at the end of the sixth and in the course of the seventh century B. C., viz.:I.AF VOBEIS,
Inscr. Orell. 3114;AF MVRO,
ib. 6601;AF CAPVA,
ib. 3308;AF SOLO,
ib. 589;AF LYCO,
ib. 3036 ( afuolunt =avolant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Mull., is only a conjecture). In the time of Cicero this form was regarded as archaic, and only here and there used in account-books; v. Cic. Or. 47, 158 (where the correct reading is af, not abs or ab), and cf. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 7 sq.—The second form of this preposition, changed from ap, was ab, which has become the principal form and the one most generally used through all periods—and indeed the only oue used before all vowels and h; here and there also before some consonants, particularly l, n, r, and s; rarely before c, j, d, t; and almost never before the labials p, b, f, v, or before m, such examples as ab Massiliensibus, Caes. B. C. 1, 35, being of the most rare occurrence.—By changing the b of ab through v into u, the form au originated, which was in use only in the two compounds aufero and aufugio for abfero, ab-fugio; aufuisse for afuisse, in Cod. Medic. of Tac. A. 12, 17, is altogether unusual. Finally, by dropping the b of ab, and lengthening the a, ab was changed into a, which form, together with ab, predominated through all periods of the Latin language, and took its place before all consonants in the later years of Cicero, and after him almoet exclusively.—By dropping the b without lengthening the a, ab occurs in the form a- in the two compounds a-bio and a-perio, q. v.—On the other hand, instead of reducing ap to a and a, a strengthened collateral form, aps, was made by adding to ap the letter s (also used in particles, as in ex, mox, vix). From the first, aps was used only before the letters c, q, t, and was very soon changed into abs (as ap into ab):abs chorago,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 79 (159 Ritschl):abs quivis,
Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 1:abs terra,
Cato, R. R. 51;and in compounds: aps-cessero,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 24 (625 R.); id. ib. 3, 2, 84 (710 R): abs-condo, abs-que, abs-tineo, etc. The use of abs was confined almost exclusively to the combination abs te during the whole ante-classic period, and with Cicero till about the year 700 A. U. C. (=B. C. 54). After that time Cicero evidently hesitates between abs te and a te, but during the last five or six years of his life a te became predominant in all his writings, even in his letters; consequently abs te appears but rarely in later authors, as in Liv. 10, 19, 8; 26, 15, 12;and who, perhaps, also used abs conscendentibus,
id. 28, 37, 2; v. Drakenb. ad. h. l. (Weissenb. ab).—Finally abs, in consequence of the following p, lost its b, and became ds- in the three compounds aspello, as-porto, and as-pernor (for asspernor); v. these words.—The late Lat. verb abbrevio may stand for adbrevio, the d of ad being assimilated to the following b.The fundamental signification of ab is departure from some fixed point (opp. to ad. which denotes motion to a point).In space, and,II.Fig., in time and other relations, in which the idea of departure from some point, as from source and origin, is included; Engl. from, away from, out of; down from; since, after; by, at, in, on, etc.I.Lit., in space: ab classe ad urbem tendunt, Att. ap. Non. 495, 22 (Trag. Rel. p. 177 Rib.):b.Caesar maturat ab urbe proficisci,
Caes. B. G. 1, 7:fuga ab urbe turpissima,
Cic. Att. 7, 21:ducite ab urbe domum, ducite Daphnim,
Verg. E. 8, 68. Cicero himself gives the difference between ab and ex thus: si qui mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus extra meum fundum et me introire prohibuerit, non ex eo, sed ab ( from, away from) eo loco me dejecerit....Unde dejecti Galli? A Capitolio. Unde, qui cum Graccho fucrunt? Ex Capitolio, etc., Cic. Caecin. 30, 87; cf. Diom. p. 408 P., and a similar distinction between ad and in under ad.—Ellipt.: Diogenes Alexandro roganti, ut diceret, si quid opus esset: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92. —Often joined with usque:illam (mulierem) usque a mari supero Romam proficisci,
all the way from, Cic. Clu. 68, 192; v. usque, I.—And with ad, to denote the space passed over: siderum genus ab ortu ad occasum commeant, from... to, Cic. N. D. 2, 19 init.; cf. ab... in:venti a laevo latere in dextrum, ut sol, ambiunt,
Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128.Sometimes with names of cities and small islands, or with domus (instead of the usual abl.), partie., in militnry and nautieal language, to denote the marching of soldiers, the setting out of a flcet, or the departure of the inhabitants from some place:c.oppidum ab Aenea fugiente a Troja conditum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33:quemadmodum (Caesar) a Gergovia discederet,
Caes. B. G. 7, 43 fin.; so id. ib. 7, 80 fin.; Sall. J. 61; 82; 91; Liv. 2, 33, 6 al.; cf.:ab Arimino M. Antonium cum cohortibus quinque Arretium mittit,
Caes. B. C. 1, 11 fin.; and:protinus a Corfinio in Siciliam miserat,
id. ib. 1, 25, 2:profecti a domo,
Liv. 40, 33, 2;of setting sail: cum exercitus vestri numquam a Brundisio nisi hieme summa transmiserint,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 32; so id. Fam. 15, 3, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 23; 3, 24 fin.:classe qua advecti ab domo fuerant,
Liv. 8, 22, 6;of citizens: interim ab Roma legatos venisse nuntiatum est,
Liv. 21, 9, 3; cf.:legati ab Orico ad M. Valerium praetorem venerunt,
id. 24, 40, 2.Sometimes with names of persons or with pronouns: pestem abige a me, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 50 Vahl.):B.Quasi ad adulescentem a patre ex Seleucia veniat,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; cf.:libertus a Fuflis cum litteris ad Hermippum venit,
Cic. Fl. 20, 47:Nigidium a Domitio Capuam venisse,
id. Att. 7, 24:cum a vobis discessero,
id. Sen. 22:multa merces tibi defluat ab Jove Neptunoque,
Hor. C. 1, 28, 29 al. So often of a person instead of his house, lodging, etc.: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, from the father, i. e. from his house, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 6:so a fratre,
id. Phorm. 5, 1, 5:a Pontio,
Cic. Att. 5, 3 fin.:ab ea,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 21; and so often: a me, a nobis, a se, etc., from my, our, his house, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 1, 7; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 50; Cic. Att. 4, 9, 1 al.Transf., without the idea of motion. To designate separation or distance, with the verbs abesse, distare, etc., and with the particles longe, procul, prope, etc.1.Of separation:2.ego te afuisse tam diu a nobis dolui,
Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 2:abesse a domo paulisper maluit,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:tum Brutus ab Roma aberat,
Sall. C. 40, 5:absint lacerti ab stabulis,
Verg. G. 4, 14.—Of distance:3.quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,
Cic. Caecin. 10, 28; cf.:nos in castra properabamus, quae aberant bidui,
id. Att. 5, 16 fin.; and:hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 43, 1:terrae ab hujusce terrae, quam nos incolimus, continuatione distantes,
Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164:non amplius pedum milibus duobus ab castris castra distabant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 82, 3; cf. id. lb. 1, 3, 103.—With adverbs: annos multos longinque ab domo bellum gerentes, Enn. ap. Non. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 103 Vahl.):cum domus patris a foro longe abesset,
Cic. Cael. 7, 18 fin.; cf.:qui fontes a quibusdam praesidiis aberant longius,
Caes. B. C. 3, 49, 5:quae procul erant a conspectu imperii,
Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87; cf.:procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 17, 1; and:tu procul a patria Alpinas nives vides,
Verg. E. 10, 46 (procul often also with simple abl.;v. procul): cum esset in Italia bellum tam prope a Sicilia, tamen in Sicilia non fuit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 6; cf.:tu apud socrum tuam prope a meis aedibus sedebas,
id. Pis. 11, 26; and:tam prope ab domo detineri,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 6.—So in Caesar and Livy, with numerals to designate the measure of the distance:onerariae naves, quae ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo vento tenebatur,
eight miles distant, Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 4; and without mentioning the terminus a quo: ad castra contenderunt, et ab milibus passunm minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off or distant, id. ib. 2, 7, 3; so id. ib. 2, 5, 32; 6, 7, 3; id. B. C. 1, 65; Liv. 38, 20, 2 (for which:duo milia fere et quingentos passus ab hoste posuerunt castra,
id. 37, 38, 5). —To denote the side or direction from which an object is viewed in its local relations,=a parte, at, on, in: utrum hacin feriam an ab laeva latus? Enn. ap. Plaut. Cist. 3, 10 (Trag. v. 38 Vahl.); cf.:II.picus et cornix ab laeva, corvos, parra ab dextera consuadent,
Plaut. As. 2, 1, 12: clamore ab ea parte audito. on this side, Caes. B. G. 3, 26, 4: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, id. ib. 1, 1, 5:pleraque Alpium ab Italia sicut breviora ita arrectiora sunt,
on the Italian side, Liv. 21, 35, 11:non eadem diligentia ab decumuna porta castra munita,
at the main entrance, Caes. B. G. 3, 25 fin.:erat a septentrionibus collis,
on the north, id. ib. 7, 83, 2; so, ab oriente, a meridie, ab occasu; a fronte, a latere, a tergo, etc. (v. these words).Fig.A.In time.1.From a [p. 3] point of time, without reference to the period subsequently elapsed. After:2.Exul ab octava Marius bibit,
Juv. 1,40:mulieres jam ab re divin[adot ] adparebunt domi,
immediately after the sucrifice, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 4:Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus,
Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:ab hac contione legati missi sunt,
immediately after, Liv. 24, 22, 6; cf. id. 28, 33, 1; 40, 47, 8; 40, 49, 1 al.:ab eo magistratu,
after this office, Sall. J. 63, 5:a summa spe novissima exspectabat,
after the greatest hope, Tac. A. 6, 50 fin. —Strengthened by the adverbs primum, confestim, statim, protinus, or the adj. recens, immediately after, soon after:ut primum a tuo digressu Romam veni,
Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4; so Suet. Tib. 68:confestim a proelio expugnatis hostium castris,
Liv. 30, 36, 1:statim a funere,
Suet. Caes. 85;and followed by statim: ab itinere statim,
id. ib. 60:protinus ab adoptione,
Vell. 2, 104, 3:Homerus qui recens ab illorum actate fuit,
soon after their time, Cic. N. D. 3, 5; so Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 2; Verg. A. 6, 450 al. (v. also primum, confestim, etc.).—Sometimes with the name of a person or place, instead of an action: ibi mihi tuae litterae binae redditae sunt tertio abs te die,
i. e. after their departure from you, Cic. Att. 5, 3, 1: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine Nov[adot ], i. e. after leaving (=postquam a Carthagine profecti sunt), Liv. 21, 38, 1:secundo Punico (bello) Scipionis classis XL. die a securi navigavit,
i. e. after its having been built, Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192. —Hence the poct. expression: ab his, after this (cf. ek toutôn), i. e. after these words, hereupon, Ov. M. 3, 273; 4, 329; 8, 612; 9, 764.With reference to a subsequent period. From, since, after:b.ab hora tertia bibebatur,
from the third hour, Cic. Phil. 2, 41:infinito ex tempore, non ut antea, ab Sulla et Pompeio consulibus,
since the consulship of, id. Agr. 2, 21, 56:vixit ab omni aeternitate,
from all eternity, id. Div. 1, 51, 115:cum quo a condiscipulatu vivebat conjunctissime,
Nep. Att. 5, 3:in Lycia semper a terrae motu XL. dies serenos esse,
after an earthquake, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211 al.:centesima lux est haec ab interitu P. Clodii,
since the death of, Cic. Mil. 35, 98; cf.:cujus a morte quintus hic et tricesimus annus est,
id. Sen. 6, 19; and:ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumiun annum,
since, Sall. C. 47, 2:diebus triginta, a qua die materia caesa est,
Caes. B. C. 1, 36.—Sometimes joined with usque and inde:quod augures omnes usque ab Romulo decreverunt,
since the time of, Cic. Vat. 8, 20:jam inde ab infelici pugna ceciderant animi,
from the very beginning of, Liv. 2, 65 fin. —Hence the adverbial expressions ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first; v. initium, principium, primus. Likewise ab integro, anew, afresh; v. integer.—Ab... ad, from (a time)... to:ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,
Cic. Att. 7, 8, 4; cf.:cum ab hora septima ad vesperum pugnatum sit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 2; and:a quo tempore ad vos consules anni sunt septingenti octoginta unus,
Vell. 1, 8, 4; and so in Plautus strengthened by usque:pugnata pugnast usque a mane ad vesperum,
from morning to evening, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97; id. Most. 3, 1, 3; 3, 2, 80.—Rarely ab... in: Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie, from... till late in the day, Liv. 27, 2, 9; so Col. 2, 10, 17; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 2, 103, 106, § 229; 4, 12, 26, § 89.Particularly with nouns denoting a time of life:B.qui homo cum animo inde ab ineunte aetate depugnat suo,
from an early age, from early youth, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 24; so Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44 al.:mihi magna cum co jam inde a pueritia fuit semper famillaritas,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9; so,a pueritia,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27 fin.; id. Fam. 5, 8, 4:jam inde ab adulescentia,
Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 16:ab adulescentia,
Cic. Rep. 2, 1:jam a prima adulescentia,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:ab ineunte adulescentia,
id. ib. 13, 21, 1; cf.followed by ad: usque ad hanc aetatem ab incunte adulescentia,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 20:a primis temporibus aetatis,
Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:a teneris unguiculis,
from childhood, id. ib. 1, 6, 2:usque a toga pura,
id. Att. 7, 8, 5:jam inde ab incunabulis,
Liv. 4, 36, 5:a prima lanugine,
Suet. Oth. 12:viridi ab aevo,
Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 17 al.;rarely of animals: ab infantia,
Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 182.—Instead of the nom. abstr. very often (like the Greek ek paioôn, etc.) with concrete substantives: a pucro, ab adulescente, a parvis, etc., from childhood, etc.:qui olim a puero parvulo mihi paedagogus fuerat,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 90; so,a pausillo puero,
id. Stich. 1, 3, 21:a puero,
Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 115; id. Fam. 13, 16, 4 (twice) al.:a pueris,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2 al.:ab adulescente,
id. Quint. 3, 12:ab infante,
Col. 1, 8, 2:a parva virgine,
Cat. 66, 26 al. —Likewise and in the same sense with adject.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, Liv. 1, 39, 6 fin.; cf.:a parvis,
Ter. And. 3, 3, 7; Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 9:a parvulo,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 8; id. Ad. 1, 1, 23; cf.:ab parvulis,
Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 3:ab tenero,
Col. 5, 6, 20;and rarely of animals: (vacca) a bima aut trima fructum ferre incipit,
Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 13.In other relations in which the idea of going forth, proceeding, from something is included.1.In gen. to denote departure, separation, deterring, avoiding, intermitting, etc., or distance, difference, etc., of inanimate or abstract things. From: jus atque aecum se a malis spernit procul, Enn. ap. Non. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):2.suspitionem et culpam ut ab se segregent,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 42:qui discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18:hic ab artificio suo non recessit,
id. ib. 1, 10, 20 al.:quod si exquiratur usque ab stirpe auctoritas,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 180:condicionem quam ab te peto,
id. ib. 2, 4, 87; cf.:mercedem gloriae flagitas ab iis, quorum, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:si quid ab illo acceperis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 90:quae (i. e. antiquitas) quo propius aberat ab ortu et divina progenie,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:ab defensione desistere,
Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 4:ne quod tempus ab opere intermitteretur,
id. B. G. 7, 24, 2:ut homines adulescentis a dicendi studio deterream,
Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117, etc.—Of distance (in order, rank, mind, or feeling):qui quartus ab Arcesila fuit,
the fourth in succession from, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 46:tu nunc eris alter ab illo,
next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49; cf.:Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus,
next in rank to, Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:quid hoc ab illo differt,
from, Cic. Caecin. 14, 39; cf.:hominum vita tantum distat a victu et cultu bestiarum,
id. Off. 2, 4, 15; and:discrepare ab aequitate sapientiam,
id. Rep. 3, 9 fin. (v. the verbs differo, disto, discrepo, dissideo, dissentio, etc.):quae non aliena esse ducerem a dignitate,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7:alieno a te animo fuit,
id. Deiot. 9, 24 (v. alienus). —So the expression ab re (qs. aside from the matter, profit; cf. the opposite, in rem), contrary to one's profit, to a loss, disadvantageous (so in the affirmative very rare and only ante-class.):subdole ab re consulit,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12; cf. id. Capt. 2, 2, 88; more frequently and class. (but not with Cicero) in the negative, non, haud, ab re, not without advantage or profit, not useless or unprofitable, adcantageous:haut est ab re aucupis,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 71:non ab re esse Quinctii visum est,
Liv. 35, 32, 6; so Plin. 27, 8, 35; 31, 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Dom. 11; Gell. 18, 14 fin.; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 31, 22 al. (but in Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 44, ab re means with respect to the money matter).In partic.a.To denote an agent from whom an action proceeds, or by whom a thing is done or takes place. By, and in archaic and solemn style, of. So most frequently with pass. or intrans. verbs with pass. signif., when the active object is or is considered as a living being: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro, Naev. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 67: injuria abs te afficior, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:b.a patre deductus ad Scaevolam,
Cic. Lael. 1, 1:ut tamquam a praesentibus coram haberi sermo videretur,
id. ib. 1, 3:disputata ab eo,
id. ib. 1, 4 al.:illa (i. e. numerorum ac vocum vis) maxime a Graecia vetere celebrata,
id. de Or. 3, 51, 197:ita generati a natura sumus,
id. Off. 1, 29, 103; cf.:pars mundi damnata a rerum natura,
Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 88:niagna adhibita cura est a providentia deorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 51 al. —With intrans. verbs:quae (i. e. anima) calescit ab eo spiritu,
is warmed by this breath, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138; cf. Ov. M. 1, 417: (mare) qua a sole collucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105:salvebis a meo Cicerone,
i. e. young Cicero sends his compliments to you, id. Att. 6, 2 fin.:a quibus (Atheniensibus) erat profectus,
i. e. by whose command, Nep. Milt. 2, 3:ne vir ab hoste cadat,
Ov. H. 9, 36 al. —A substantive or adjective often takes the place of the verb (so with de, q. v.):levior est plaga ab amico quam a debitore,
Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7; cf.:a bestiis ictus, morsus, impetus,
id. Off. 2, 6, 19:si calor est a sole,
id. N. D. 2, 52:ex iis a te verbis (for a te scriptis),
id. Att. 16, 7, 5:metu poenae a Romanis,
Liv. 32, 23, 9:bellum ingens a Volscis et Aequis,
id. 3, 22, 2:ad exsolvendam fldem a consule,
id. 27, 5, 6.—With an adj.:lassus ab equo indomito,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 10:Murus ab ingenic notior ille tuo,
Prop. 5, 1, 126:tempus a nostris triste malis,
time made sad by our misfortunes, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 36.—Different from per:vulgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus?
by whom and upon whose orders? Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 80 (cf. id. ib. 34, 97: cujus consilio occisus sit, invenio; cujus manu sit percussus, non laboro); so,ab hoc destitutus per Thrasybulum (i. e. Thrasybulo auctore),
Nep. Alc. 5, 4.—Ambiguity sometimes arises from the fact that the verb in the pass. would require ab if used in the active:si postulatur a populo,
if the people demand it, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58, might also mean, if it is required of the people; on the contrary: quod ab eo (Lucullo) laus imperatoria non admodum exspectabatur, not since he did not expect military renown, but since they did not expect military renown from him, Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2, and so often; cf. Rudd. II. p. 213. (The use of the active dative, or dative of the agent, instead of ab with the pass., is well known, Zumpt, § 419. It is very seldom found in prose writers of the golden age of Roman liter.; with Cic. sometimes joined with the participles auditus, cognitus, constitutus, perspectus, provisus, susceptus; cf. Halm ad Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 71, and ad ejusdem, Cat. 1, 7 fin.; but freq. at a later period; e. g. in Pliny, in Books 2-4 of H. N., more than twenty times; and likewise in Tacitus seventeen times. Vid. the passages in Nipperd. ad Tac. A. 2, 49.) Far more unusual is the simple abl. in the designation of persons:deseror conjuge,
Ov. H. 12, 161; so id. ib. 5, 75; id. M. 1, 747; Verg. A. 1, 274; Hor. C. 2, 4, 9; 1, 6, 2;and in prose,
Quint. 3, 4, 2; Sen. Contr. 2, 1; Curt. 6, 7, 8; cf. Rudd. II. p. 212; Zumpt ad Quint. V. p. 122 Spalding.—Hence the adverbial phrase a se=uph heautou, sua sponte, of one's own uccord, spontaneously:ipsum a se oritur et sua sponte nascitur,
Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 78:(urna) ab se cantat quoja sit,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 21 (al. eapse; cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 66); so Col. 11, 1, 5; Liv. 44, 33, 6.With names of towns to denote origin, extraction, instead of gentile adjectives. From, of:c.pastores a Pergamide,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 1:Turnus ab Aricia,
Liv. 1, 50, 3 (for which Aricinus, id. 1, 51, 1):obsides dant trecentos principum a Cora atque Pometia liberos,
Liv. 2, 22, 2; and poet.: O longa mundi servator ab Alba, Auguste, thou who art descended from the old Alban race of kings (=oriundus, or ortus regibus Albanis), Prop. 5, 6, 37.In giving the etymology of a name: eam rem (sc. legem, Gr. nomon) illi Graeco putant nomine a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam, ego nostro a legendo, Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19: annum intervallum regni fuit: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, Liv. 1, 17, 6:d.(sinus maris) ab nomine propinquae urbis Ambracius appellatus,
id. 38, 4, 3; and so Varro in his Ling. Lat., and Pliny, in Books 1-5 of H. N., on almost every page. (Cf. also the arts. ex and de.)With verbs of beginning and repeating: a summo bibere, in Plaut. to drink in succession from the one at the head of the table:e.da, puere, ab summo,
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; so,da ab Delphio cantharum circum, id Most. 1, 4, 33: ab eo nobis causa ordienda est potissimum,
Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 21:coepere a fame mala,
Liv. 4, 12, 7:cornicem a cauda de ovo exire,
tail-foremost, Plin. 10, 16, 18:a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,
Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18 al.With verbs of freeing from, defending, or protecting against any thing:f.a foliis et stercore purgato,
Cato, R. R. 65 (66), 1:tantumne ab re tuast oti tibi?
Ter. Heaut. 1, [p. 4] 1, 23; cf.:Saguntini ut a proeliis quietem habuerant,
Liv. 21, 11, 5:expiandum forum ab illis nefarii sceleris vestigiis,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:haec provincia non modo a calamitate, sed etiam a metu calamitatis est defendenda,
id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14 (v. defendo):ab incendio urbem vigiliis munitam intellegebat,
Sall. C. 32:ut neque sustinere se a lapsu possent,
Liv. 21, 35, 12:ut meam domum metueret atque a me ipso caveret,
Cic. Sest. 64, 133.With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping, and the like, ab =a parte, as, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 4: cum eadem metuam ab hac parte, since I fear the same from this side; hence, timere, metuere ab aliquo, not, to be afraid of any one, but, to fear something (proceeding from) from him:g.el metul a Chryside,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 79; cf.:ab Hannibale metuens,
Liv. 23, 36; and:metus a praetore,
id. 23, 15, 7;v. Weissenb. ad h. l.: a quo quidem genere, judices, ego numquam timui,
Cic. Sull. 20, 59:postquam nec ab Romanis robis ulla est spes,
you can expect nothing from the Romans, Liv. 21, 13, 4.With verbs of fastening and holding:h.funiculus a puppi religatus,
Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154:cum sinistra capillum ejus a vertice teneret,
Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 3.Ulcisci se ab aliquo, to take vengeance on one:i.a ferro sanguis humanus se ulciscitur,
Plin. 34, 14, 41 fin.Cognoscere ab aliqua re to knoio or learn by means of something (different from ab aliquo, to learn from some one):j.id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 22.Dolere, laborare, valere ab, instead of the simple abl.:k.doleo ab animo, doleo ab oculis, doleo ab aegritudine,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 62:a morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui,
id. Ep. 1, 2, 26; cf. id. Aul. 2, 2, 9:a frigore et aestu ne quid laborent,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 17; so,a frigore laborantibus,
Plin. 32, 10, 46, § 133; cf.:laborare ab re frumentaria,
Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1; id. B. C. 3, 9; v. laboro.Where verbs and adjectives are joined with ab, instead of the simple abl., ab defines more exactly the respect in which that which is expressed by the verb or adj. is to be understood, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of:l.ab ingenio improbus,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 59:a me pudica'st,
id. Curc. 1, 1, 51:orba ab optimatibus contio,
Cic. Fl. 23, 54; ro Ov. H. 6,156: securos vos ab hac parte reddemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24 fin. (v. securus):locus copiosus a frumento,
Cic. Att. 5, 18, 2; cf.:sumus imparati cum a militibas tum a pecunia,
id. ib. 7, 15 fin.:ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,
id. Brut. 16, 63:ab una parte haud satis prosperuin,
Liv. 1, 32, 2 al.;so often in poets ab arte=arte,
artfully, Tib. 1, 5, 4; 1, 9, 66; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 30.In the statement of the motive instead of ex, propter, or the simple abl. causae, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: ab singulari amore scribo, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B fin.:m.linguam ab irrisu exserentem,
thrusting out the tongue in derision, Liv. 7, 10, 5:ab honore,
id. 1, 8; so, ab ira, a spe, ab odio, v. Drak. ad Liv. 24, 30, 1: 26, 1, 3; cf. also Kritz and Fabri ad Sall. J. 31, 3, and Fabri ad Liv. 21, 36, 7.Especially in the poets instead of the gen.:n.ab illo injuria,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 129:fulgor ab auro,
Lucr. 2, 5:dulces a fontibus undae,
Verg. G. 2, 243.In indicating a part of the whole, for the more usual ex, of, out of:o.scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto,
Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:nonnuill ab novissimis,
id. ib.; Cic. Sest. 65, 137; cf. id. ib. 59 fin.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).In marking that from which any thing proceeds, and to which it belongs:p.qui sunt ab ea disciplina,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 3, 7:ab eo qui sunt,
id. Fin. 4, 3, 7:nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt,
id. Mur. 30, 63 (in imitation of oi upo tinos).To designate an office or dignity (with or without servus; so not freq. till after the Aug. period;q.in Cic. only once): Pollex, servus a pedibus meus,
one of my couriers, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1; so,a manu servus,
a secretary, Suet. Caes. 74: Narcissum ab eplstulis ( secretary) et Pallantem a rationibus ( accountant), id. Claud. 28; and so, ab actis, ab admissione, ab aegris, ab apotheca, ab argento, a balneis, a bibliotheca, a codicillis, a jumentis, a potione, etc. (v. these words and Inscr. Orell. vol. 3, Ind. xi. p. 181 sq.).The use of ab before adverbs is for the most part peculiar to later Latinity:► a.a peregre,
Vitr. 5, 7 (6), 8:a foris,
Plin. 17, 24, 37; Vulg. Gen, 7, 16; ib. Matt. 23, 27:ab intus,
ib. ib. 7, 15:ab invicem,
App. Herb. 112; Vulg. Matt. 25, 32; Cypr. Ep. 63, 9: Hier. Ep. 18:a longe,
Hyg. Fab. 257; Vulg. Gen. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 58:a modo,
ib. ib. 23, 39;Hier. Vit. Hilar.: a nune,
Vulg. Luc. 1, 48:a sursum,
ib. Marc. 15, 38.Ab is not repeated like most other prepositions (v. ad, ex, in, etc.) with pron. interrog. or relat. after subst. and pron. demonstr. with ab:b.Arsinoen, Stratum, Naupactum...fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc.,
Cic. Pis. 37, 91:a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit. Quibus? An iis, quae in juventute geruntur et viribus?
id. Sen. 6:a Jove incipiendum putat. Quo Jove?
id. Rep. 1, 36, 56:res publica, quascumque vires habebit, ab iis ipsis, quibus tenetur, de te propediem impetrabit,
id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.—Ab in Plantus is once put after the word which it governs: quo ab, As. 1, 1, 106.—c.It is in various ways separated from the word which it governs:d.a vitae periculo,
Cic. Brut. 91, 313:a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo,
id. Arch. 6, 12:a minus bono,
Sall. C. 2, 6:a satis miti principio,
Liv. 1, 6, 4:damnis dives ab ipsa suis,
Ov. H. 9, 96; so id. ib. 12, 18; 13, 116.—The poets join a and que, making aque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.):e.aque Chao,
Verg. G. 4, 347:aque mero,
Ov. M. 3, 631:aque viro,
id. H. 6, 156:aque suis,
id. Tr. 5, 2, 74 al. But:a meque,
Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 1:abs teque,
id. Att. 3, 15, 4:a teque,
id. ib. 8, 11, §7: a primaque adulescentia,
id. Brut. 91, 315 al. —A Greek noun joined with ab stands in the dat.: a parte negotiati, hoc est pragmatikê, removisse, Quint. 3, 7, 1.III.In composition ab,1.Retains its original signif.: abducere, to take or carry away from some place: abstrahere, to draw auay; also, downward: abicere, to throw down; and denoting a departure from the idea of the simple word, it has an effect apparently privative: absimilis, departing from the similar, unlike: abnormis, departing from the rule, unusual (different from dissimilis, enormis); and so also in amens=a mente remotus, alienus ( out of one's senses, without self-control, insane): absurdus, missounding, then incongruous, irrational: abutor (in one of its senses), to misuse: aborior, abortus, to miscarry: abludo; for the privative force the Latin regularly employs in-, v. 2. in.—2.It more rarely designates completeness, as in absorbere, abutor ( to use up). (The designation of the fourth generation in the ascending or descending line by ab belongs here only in appearance; as abavus for quartus pater, great-great-grandfather, although the Greeks introduced upopappos; for the immutability of the syllable ab in abpatrnus and abmatertera, as well as the signif. Of the word abavus, grandfather's grandfather, imitated in abnepos, grandchild's grandchild, seems to point to a derivation from avi avus, as Festus, p. 13 Mull., explains atavus, by atta avi, or, rather, attae avus.) -
112 acer
1.ăcer, ĕris, n. [kindred with Germ. Ahorn] (f. Serv. ap. Prisc. p. 698 P.), the maple-tree, Plin. 16, 15, 26, § 66 sq.—II.Transf., the wood of the maple-tree, maplewood, used, on account of its hardness and firmness, for writing-tablets, Plin. 33, 11, 52, § 146; Ov. Am. 1, 11, 28.2.ācer, cris, cre, adj. (m. acris, Enn.; f. acer, Naev. and Enn.; acrus, a um, Pall.; Veg.; cf. Charis. 63 and 93 P.) [cf. akis, akôn, akmê, akros, ôkus, oxus; Sanscr. acan = dart, acus = swift; Germ. Ecke; Engl. edge, to egg; and with change of quantity, ăcus, acuo, ăceo, ăcies, ăcerbus], sharp, pointed, piercing, and the like.I.Prop., of the senses and things affecting them, sharp, dazzling, stinging, pungent, fine, piercing:a.praestans valetudine, viribus, formā, acerrimis integerrimisque sensibus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45. So,Of the sight:b.acerrimus sensus videndi,
Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 357:acres oculi,
id. Planc. 27:splendor,
Lucr. 4, 304:quidam colores ruboris acerrimi,
Sen. Q. N. 1, 14 al. —Of the hearing:c.voce increpet acri?
Lucr. 3, 953:aurium mensura, quod est acrius judicium et certius,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47:acrem flammae sonitum,
Verg. G. 4, 409:acri tibiā,
Hor. C. 1, 12, 1.—Of smell, Lucr. 4, 122:d.exstinctum lumen acri nidore offendit nares,
id. 6, 792; cf. ib. 1216:unguentis minus diu delectemur summa et acerrima suavitate conditis, quam his moderatis,
Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 99:odor,
Plin. 12, 17, 40.—Of taste: ut vitet acria, ut est sinapi, cepa, allium, Var. ap. Non. 201, 13:e.acres humores,
sharp juices, Cic. N. D. 2, 23:lactuca innatat acri stomacho,
an acid stomach, Hor. S. 2, 4, 59; cf. ib. 2, 8, 7:dulcibus cibis acres acutosque miscere,
Plin. Ep. 7, 3 al. —Of sensation in its widest extent: aestatem auctumnus sequitur, post acer hiems fit, sharp, severe, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 647 P. (Ann. v. 406 ed. Vahl.—cf. Lucr. 3, 20; 4, 261); and so Hor.: solvitur acris hiems, C. 1. 4, 1. —B.Of the internal states of the human system, violent, sharp, severe, gnawing:II.fames, Naev. ap. Prisc. l. l. (B. Punic. p. 18 ed. Vahl.): somnus, Enn. ap. Prisc. l. l. (Ann. v. 369): morbus,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 119:dolor,
Lucr. 6, 650:sitis,
Tib. 1, 3, 77 al.Of the states of mind: violent, vehement, passionate, consuming: mors amici subigit, quae mihi est senium multo acerrimum, Att. ap. Non. 2, 22:B.acri ira percitus,
Lucr. 5, 400: cf. 3, 312;6, 754 (on the contrary, 5, 1194: iras acerbas): acres curae,
Lucr. 3, 463, and Var. ap. Non. 241:luctus,
ib. 87:dolor,
Verg. A. 7, 291:metus,
Lucr. 6, 1211; Verg. A. 1, 362:amor,
Tib. 2, 6, 15:acrior ad Venerem cupido,
Curt. 6, 5 al. (Among unpleasant sensations, acer designates a piercing, wounding by sharpness; but acerbus the rough, harsh, repugnant, repulsive.)—Applied to the intellectual qualities, subtle, acute, penetrating, sagacious, shrewd:C.acrem irritat virtutem animi,
Lucr. 1, 70:acri judicio perpende,
id. 2, 1041:memoria,
strong, retentive, Cic. de Or. 2, 87:vir acri ingenio,
id. Or. 5; cf. id. Sest. 20 al. —Applied to moral qualities.1.In a good sense, active, ardent, eager, spirited, brave, zealous:2.milites,
Cic. Cat. 2, 10:civis acerrimus,
an ardent patriot, id. Fam. 10, 28:defensor,
id. ib. 1, 1:studio acriore esse,
id. de Or. 1, 21:jam tum acer curas venientem extendit in annum rusticus,
Verg. G. 2, 405 al. —In a bad sense, violent, hasty, hot, passionate, fierce, severe (very freq.):D.uxor acerrima,
enraged, angry, Plaut. Merc. 4, 4, 56; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 32:dominos acres,
Lucr. 6, 63; Nep. Tim. 3, 5; cf. Bremi Nep. Eum. 11, 1. Also, of animals, Lucr. 4, 421; 5, 860; Verg. A. 4, 156; Hor. Epod. 12, 6; 2, 31; Nep. Eum. 11, 1. —Of abstract things (mostly poet.), Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 32:egestas,
Lucr. 3, 65:poenas,
id. 6, 72:impetus,
ib. 128; 392:acerrimum bellum,
Cic. Balb. 6:nox acerrima atque acerbissima,
id. Sull. 18:acrius supplicium,
id. Cat. 1, 1; in Quint.: acres syllabae, which proceed from short to long, 9, 4.—Acer is constr. with abl., and also (esp. in the histt. of the silv. age) with gen., Vell. 1, 13; Tac. H. 2, 5 al.; cf. Ramsh. § 107, 6 note. With in, Cic. Fam. 8, 15; with inf., Sil. 3, 338.— Adv.: ācrĭter, sharply, strongly, vehemently, eagerly, zealously, etc., in all the signif. of the adj., Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 110; id. Ps. 1, 3, 39; Lucr. 6, 783; Cic. Tusc. 1, 30 al.— Comp., Lucr. 3, 54; 5, 1147; Hor. S. 2, 3, 92; Tac. A. 6, 45; 13, 3.— Sup., Cic. Fl. 11; id. Fam. 10, 28; 15, 4.—Also, ācre, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 132, 25; App. M. 10, 32; and perh. Pers. 4, 34. -
113 actutum
actūtum, adv. [“ab actu” (as astutus from astu; or with tum as enclitic, in der Handlung da, Corss. Ausspr. II. 849), “id est, celeritate,” Prisc. 1013 P.; so Hand, s. v. who explains: uno actu, nulla re intercedente; Lindem. de Adv. Lat. Spec. 4, p. 17, regards it as formed from an obs. vb. actuo, with the meaning cum multo actu, non segniter; cf.: ait et dicto citius placat, qs. while in the act of speaking, Verg. A. 1, 142; cf. Hor. S. 2, 2, 80]; immediately, quickly, instantly (in Plaut. very often, more rarely in Ter., and, except in Cic. Phil. 12, 11, 26: Verg. A. 9, 255; Ov. M. 3, 557; id. H. 12, 207; Liv. 29, 14, 5; and Quint. 4, 3, 13, perh. not occurring in the class. per.): ite actutum, Naev. ap. Non. 323, 1: aut hic est aut hic adfore actutum autumo, Pac. ap. Non. 237, 11; Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 198:redibo actutum... id actutum diu est,
id. ib. 1, 3, 32; and so id. Curc. 5, 3, 49; id. Cap. 3, 5, 75 al.: vos ite actutum, Att. ap. Non. 357, 13; Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 26; id. Ph. 5, 6, 12;often in late Lat.: si bene aestimo, actutum merebitur,
Symm. Et. 1, 41; 2, 64; 3, 43; 5, 35. -
114 addo
ad-do, dĭdi, dĭtum, 3, v. a. [2. do] (addues for addideris, Paul. ex Fest. p. 27 Müll.), to put, place, lay, etc., a person or thing to another.I.In gen.A.Lit., NEVE AVROM ADDITO, let no gold be put into the grave with the dead, Fragm. of the XII. Tab. in Cic. de Leg. 2, 24: Argus, quem quondam Ioni Juno custodem addidit, Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 20; so id. Mil. 2, 6, 69:B.adimunt diviti, addunt pauperi,
Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 47:spumantia addit Frena feris,
Verg. A. 5, 818:Pergamaque Iliacamque jugis hanc addidit arcem, i.e. imposuit,
id. ib. 3, 336; Hor. Epod. 8, 10:flammae aquam,
to throw upon, Tib. 2, 4, 42:incendia ramis,
Sil. 7, 161:propiorem Martem,
to bring nearer, id. 5, 442.— With in:uram in ollulas addere,
Varr. R. R. 2, 54, 2:glandem in dolium,
id. ib. 3, 15, 2:eas epistulas in eundem fasciculum velim addas,
Cic. Att. 12, 53:adde manus in vincla meas,
Ov. Am. 1, 7, 1; id. A. A. 2, 672, 30.— Poet.:cum carceribus sese effudere quadrigae, addunt in spatia, i. e. dant se,
Verg. G. 1, 513, v. Heyne and Forb.—Hence,Trop., to bring to, to add to; with dat.:II.pudicitiae hujus vitium me hinc absente'st additum,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 179: fletum ingenio muliebri, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 50; also absol.:operam addam sedulo,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 54; so id. Pers. 4, 4, 57: addere animum, or animos, to give courage, make courageous:mihi quidem addit animum,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 31:sed haec sunt in iis libris, quos tu laudando animos mihi addidisti,
Cic. Att. 7, 2, 4; so,animos cum clamore,
Ov. M. 8, 388.—So also:addis mihi alacritatem scribendi,
Cic. Att. 16, 3:verba virtutem non addere,
impart, bestow, Sall. C. 58:severitas dignitatem addiderat,
id. ib. 57:audaciam,
id. J. 94:formidinem,
id. ib. 37:metum,
Tac. H. 1, 62; cf. ib. 76:ex ingenio suo quisque demat vel addat fidem,
id. G. 3:ardorem mentibus,
Verg. A. 9, 184:ductoribus honores,
id. ib. 5, 249; hence, addere alicui calcar, to give one the spur, to spur him on: anticipate atque addite calcar, Varr. ap. Non. 70, 13:vatibus addere calcar,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 217 (cf.: admovere calcar Cic. Att. 6, 1, and adhibere calcar, id. Brut. 56).Esp.A.To add to by way of increase, to join or annex to, to augment, with dat. or ad (the most common signif. of this word):2.etiam fides, ei quae accessere, tibi addam dono gratiis,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 37:verbum adde etiam unum,
id. Rud. 4, 3, 68; cf. Ter. And. 5, 2, 19:non satis habes quod tibi dieculam addo?
id. ib. 4, 2, 27; so id. Eun. 1, 1, 33; id. Ph. 1, 1, 8:illud in his rebus non addunt,
Lucr. 3, 900: quaeso ne ad malum hoc addas malum, Caec. ap. Non. 154, 15:addendo deducendoque videre quae reliqui summa fiat,
Cic. Off. 1, 18, 59; so id. de Or. 2, 12 fin.; id. Fam. 15, 20; id Att. 1, 13:acervum efficiunt uno addito grano,
id. Ac. 2, 16, 49:hunc laborem ad cotidiana opera addebant,
Caes. B. C. 3, 49:multas res novas in edictum addidit,
he made essential additions to, Nep. Cat. 2, 3:eaque res multum animis eorum addidit,
Sall. J. 75, 9:addita est alia insuper injuria,
Liv. 2, 2:novas litterarum formas addidit vulgavitque,
Tac. A. 11, 13; cf. ib. 14 al.— Poet.:noctem addens operi,
also the night to the work, Verg. A. 8, 411;ut quantum generi demas, virtutibus addas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 22.— With ad:additum ad caput legis,
Suet. Calig. 40; so Flor. 1, 13, 17.— Poet. with inf.:ille viris pila et ferro circumdare pectus addiderat,
he instructed them in addition, Sil. 8, 550: addere gradum (sc. gradui), to add step to step, i. e. to quicken one's pace:adde gradum, appropera,
Plaut. Tr. 4, 3, 3; so Liv. 3, 27; 26, 9; Plin. Ep. 6, 20; cf. Doed. Syn. 4, 58: addito tempore, in course of time:conjugia sobrinarum diu ignorata addito tempore percrebuisse,
Tac. A. 12, 6; so also: addita aetate, with increased age: in infantia scabunt aures;quod addita aetate non queunt,
as they grow older, Plin. 11, 48, 108, § 260.—Mercant. t. t., to add to one's bidding, to give more: nihil addo, Poët. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 63, 255.—B.When a new thought is added to what precedes, as an enlargement of it, it is introduced by adde, adde huc, adde quod, and the like (cf. accedo), add to this, add to this the circumstance that, or besides, moreover...:A.adde furorem animi proprium atque oblivia rerum, adde quod in nigras lethargi mergitur undas,
Lucr. 3, 828 sq. (cf. the third verse before: advenit id quod eam de rebus saepe futuris Macerat):adde huc, si placet, unguentarios, saltatores totumque ludum talarium,
Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150:adde hos praeterea casus, etc.,
Hor. S. 2, 8, 71:adde huc populationem agrorum,
Liv. 7, 30: adde quod pubes tibi crescit omnis, Hor. C. 2, 8, 17; id. Ep. 1, 18, 52:adde quod ingenuas didicisse fideliter artes Emollit mores nec sinit esse feros,
Ov. Pont. 2, 9, 49:adde huc quod mercem sine fucis gestat,
Hor. Sat. 1, 2, 83:adde super dictis quod non levius valeat,
id. ib. 2, 7, 78.—So also when several are addressed, as in the speech of Scipic to his soldiers:adde defectionem Italiae, Siciliae, etc.,
Liv. 26, 41, 12.—Also with the acc. and inf.:addebat etiam, se in legem Voconiam juratum contra eam facere non audere,
Cic. Fin. 2, 17, 55;and with an anticipatory dem. pron.: Addit etiam illud, equites non optimos fuisse,
id. Deiot. 8, 24:Addit haec, fortes viros sequi, etc.,
id. Mil. 35, 96 al.: addito as abl. absol. with a subj. clause; with the addition, with this addition (post-Aug.): vocantur patres, addito consultandum super re magna et atroci, with this intimation, that they were to consult, etc., Tac. A. 2, 28:addito ut luna infra terram sit,
Plin. 15, 17, 18, § 62 (cf.:adjuncto ut... haberentur,
Cic. Off. 2, 12).— Hence, addĭtus, a, um, P. a. (addo I.), joined to one as a constant observer; so,Watching or observing in a hostile or troublesome manner: si mihi non praetor siet additus atque agitet me, Lucil. ap. Macr. Sat. 6, 4.—Hence, in gen.,B.Pursuing one incessantly, persecuting:nec Teucris addita Juno Usquam aberit,
Verg. A. 6, 90 Serv. (= adfixa, incumbens, infesta). -
115 adfrico
-
116 adjutor
1.adjūtor, ātus, 1, v. dep., i. q. adjuto, and also ante-class. (found in Pac., Afran., and Lucil.): adjutamini et defendite, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 2; Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 89; Pac. ap. Non. 477, 26: me adjutamini, Afran. ib.: magna adjutatus diu, Lucil. ib.2.adjūtor, ōris, m. [adjuvo], one who helps, a helper, assistant, aider, promoter (class. through all periods).I.In gen.:II.hic adjutor meus et monitor et praemonstrator,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 2:ejus iracundiae,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 66:ad hanc rem adjutorem dari,
id. Phorm. 3, 3, 26:adjutores ad me restituendum multi fuerunt,
Cic. Quint. 9:in psaltria hac emunda,
Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 9:honoris,
Cic. Fl. 1:ad praedam,
id. Rose. Am. 2, 6; so id. de Or. 1, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 12:tibi venit adjutor,
id. N. D. 1, 7:L. ille Torquatus auctor exstitit,
id. Sull. 34; id. Off. 2, 15; 3, 33; id. Fin. 5, 30; id. Att. 8, 3; 9, 12; Caes. B. C. 1, 7; Sall. J. 82; Liv. 29, 1, 18:nolite dubitare libertatem consule adjutore defendere,
with the aid of the consul, Cic. Leg. Agr. 16;and so often,
id. Verr. 1, 155; id. Font. 44; id. Clu. 36; id. Mur. 84.—Esp., a common name of a military or civil officer, an aid, adjutant, assistant, deputy, secretary, etc.:comites et adjutores negotiorum publicorum,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3:dato adjutore Pharnabazo,
Nep. Con. 4; so id. Chabr. 2; Liv. 33, 43; Suet. Aug. 39; id. Tib. 63; id. Calig. 26:rhetorum (i. e. hypodidascali),
Quint. 2, 5, 3; Gell. 13, 9; and in the inscriptions in Orell. 3462, 3200 al.; under the emperors an officer of court, minister (v. Vell. 2, 127; cf. Suet. Calig. 26); usu. with ab and the word indicative of the office (v. ab fin.):adjutor a rationibus, Orell. Inscr. 32: a sacris,
ib. 2847:a commentariis ornamentorum,
ib. 2892.— Also with gen.:adjutor cornicularii,
ib. 3517:haruspicum imperatoris,
ib. 3420 al. —In scenic language, adjutor is the one who, by his part, sustains or assists the hero of the piece (prôtagônistês), to which the class. passage, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, refers; cf. Heind. ad Hor. S. 1, 9, 46:in scena postquam solus constitit sine apparatu, nullis adjutoribus,
with no subordinate actors, Phaedr. 5, 5, 14; Suet. Gramm. 18; Val. Max. 2, 4, no. 4. -
117 adtono
at-tŏno (better than adt-), ŭi, ĭtum, 1, v. a., to thunder at; hence, to stun, stupefy (a poet. word of the Aug. per.; most frequent as P. a.; syn.: percello, perturbo, terreo): altitudo attonat, Maecen. ap. Sen. Ep. 19:A.quis furor vestras attonuit mentes!
Ov. M. 3, 532; id. H. 4, 50.—Hence, attŏnĭtus ( adt-), a, um, P. a., thundered at; hence trop. as in Gr. embrontêtheis, embrontêtos.Thunderstruck, stunned, terrified, stupefied, astonished, amazed, confounded:B.attonitus est stupefactus. Nam proprie attonitus dicitur, cui casus vicini fulminis et sonitus tonitruum dant stuporem,
Serv. ad Verg. A. 3, 172:quo fragore edito concidunt homines, exanimantur, quidam vero vivi stupent, et in totum sibi excidunt, quos vocamus attonitos, quorum mentes sonus ille caelestis loco pepulit,
Sen. Q. N. 2, 27:aures,
Curt. 8, 4, 2; Petr. 101:talibus attonitus visis ac voce deorum,
Verg. A. 3, 172:attonitus tanto miserarum turbine rerum,
Ov. M. 7, 614; 4, 802; 8, 777; 9, 409 and 574; 11, 127; 8, 681 al.: alii novitate ac miraculo attoniti, Liv 1, 47; 2, 12; 5, 46; 3, 68 fin.; 7, 36; 30, 30; 39, 15;44, 10: subitae rei miraculo attoniti,
Tac. H. 4, 49; so id. ib. 2, 42; 3, 13. —With de:mentis de lodice parandā Attonitae,
crazed, bewildered about getting a bed-blanket, Juv. 7, 67.—Also without an abl.:Attonitae manibusque uterum celare volenti, Ov M. 2, 463: mater... Attonitae diu similis fuit,
id. ib. 5, 510; 6, 600;12, 498: ut integris corporibus attoniti conciderent,
Liv. 10, 29:attoniti vultus,
Tac. H. 1, 40:circumspectare inter se attoniti,
id. ib. 2, 29:attonitis etiam victoribus,
id. ib. 4, 72:attonitā magis quam quietā contione,
id. A. 1, 39:attonitis jam omnibus,
Suet. Caes. 28; id. Claud. 38; id. Dom. 17:attonitos habes oculos,
Vulg. Job, 15, 12; ib. Prov 16, 30.— Poet., with gen.:attonitus serpentis equus,
Sil. 6, 231.—Also poet. transf. to inanimate things:neque enim ante dehiscent Attonitae magna ora domūs,
Verg. A. 6, 53 (but acc. to Serv. in an act. sense, syn. with attonitos facientes, stupendae, stunning, terrifying, as pallida senectus, etc.):mensa,
Val. Fl. 1, 45:arces,
Sil. 4, 7 Drak.:quorundam persuasiones,
Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 28. —Seized with inspiration, smitten with prophetic fury, inspired, frantic:attonitae Baccho matres,
Verg. A. 7, 580:Bacchus attonitae tribuit vexilla catervae,
Stat. S. 5, 1, 116: Vates, * Hor. C. 3, 19, 14.—* Adv.: attŏnĭtē, frantically, etc.:Britannia hodieque eum attonite celebrat etc.,
Plin. 30, 1, 4, § 13 (Jan, attonita). -
118 aedifico
aedĭfĭco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [aedesfacio], lit. to erect a building, to build; and in gen., to build, raise, erect, or establish any thing.I.Lit.: aedificare cum sit proprie aedem facere, ponitur tamen katachrêstikôs in omni genere constructionis, Fest. p. 13 Müll.; hence in the first signif. for the most part(α).Absol.:(β). II.aedificare diu cogitare oportet,
Cato, R. R. 3, 1:ecce aedificat,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 56:ad quem (usum) accommodanda est aedificandi descriptio,
Cic. Off. 1, 39, 138; id. ib. 2, 23, 83:tribus locis aedifico, reliqua reconcinno,
id. Q. Fr. 2, 6:lautius, id Leg. 2, 1, 3: belle,
id. Att. 9, 13 al.:accuratius ad frigora atque aestus vitandos,
Caes. B. G. 6, 22:diruit, aedificat, mutat quadrata rotundis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 100; so id. S. 2, 3, 308.—In gen., to build, construct, etc.:III.navim,
Plaut. Mer. prol. 87 piscinas, Varr. R. R. 3, 17, 5:navem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 18:urbem,
id. ib. 2, 4, 53; so Vulg. Exod. 1, 11:oppida,
ib. 2 Para. 26, 6:turrim,
ib. Matt. 21, 3:murum,
ib. 2 Para. 33, 14:porticum,
Cic. Dom. 43:hortos,
id. Att. 9, 13:equum,
Verg. A. 2, 16:mundum,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 25:tot adhuc compagibus altum aedificat caput,
i.e. makes it, by bands and hair ornaments, a high tower, Juv. 6, 501.—Fig., to build up, establish:(α).rem publicam,
Cic. Fam. 9, 2.—And (eccl.) in a religious sense, to build up, instruct, edify.Absol.:(β).caritas aedificat,
Vulg. 1 Cor. 8, 1:non omnia aedificant,
ib. ib. 16, 23.— -
119 Aemilia
Aemĭlĭus, a, um, adj. [aemulor], the name of a Roman gens, greatly distinguished for the illustrious men whom it furnished. The most celebrated of them was L. Aemilius Paulus, the conqueror of Perseus, and the father of Corn. Scipio Africanus Minor:1.domus,
Manil. 1, 794:tribus,
Cic. Att. 2, 14; Liv. 38, 36.— Aemĭlĭa Vĭa, the name of three several public roads.One, constructed by M. Aemilius Lepidus, as consul, A. U. C. 567, began at Placentia, and passed [p. 55] through Parma, Regium, Mutina, Bononia, Forum Cornelii, Faventia, Forum Livii, and Caesena to Ariminum, where it joined the Via Flaminia, Liv. 39.—2.One, constructed A. U. C. 645, by M. Aemilius Scaurus, as censor, led from Bononia, through Pisa and Luna, to Dertona, Strab. 1, 5.—3.One extending from Ariminum to Aquileia (some, however, consider this as the same with the first), Mart. 3, 4.—Sometimes absol., Aemĭlĭa, instead of Via Aemilia: in ipsā Aemiliā diu pugnatum est, Galba ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30.—From the public way, Martial calls the region between Ariminum and Placentia (commonly Gallia Cispadana) regio Aemilia, Mart. 6, 85.—Aemilius pons, so called after its builder, M. Aemilius Scaurus, Juv. 6, 32 Rupert.— Poet.:Aemilia ratis,
the ship on which the booty acquired by L. Æmilius Paulus, in the war with Perseus, was conveyed to Rome, Prop. 4, 2, 8.—Aemilius ludus, a gladiatorial exhibition introduced by P. Æmilius Lepidus, Hor. A. P. 32. -
120 Aemilia Via
Aemĭlĭus, a, um, adj. [aemulor], the name of a Roman gens, greatly distinguished for the illustrious men whom it furnished. The most celebrated of them was L. Aemilius Paulus, the conqueror of Perseus, and the father of Corn. Scipio Africanus Minor:1.domus,
Manil. 1, 794:tribus,
Cic. Att. 2, 14; Liv. 38, 36.— Aemĭlĭa Vĭa, the name of three several public roads.One, constructed by M. Aemilius Lepidus, as consul, A. U. C. 567, began at Placentia, and passed [p. 55] through Parma, Regium, Mutina, Bononia, Forum Cornelii, Faventia, Forum Livii, and Caesena to Ariminum, where it joined the Via Flaminia, Liv. 39.—2.One, constructed A. U. C. 645, by M. Aemilius Scaurus, as censor, led from Bononia, through Pisa and Luna, to Dertona, Strab. 1, 5.—3.One extending from Ariminum to Aquileia (some, however, consider this as the same with the first), Mart. 3, 4.—Sometimes absol., Aemĭlĭa, instead of Via Aemilia: in ipsā Aemiliā diu pugnatum est, Galba ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30.—From the public way, Martial calls the region between Ariminum and Placentia (commonly Gallia Cispadana) regio Aemilia, Mart. 6, 85.—Aemilius pons, so called after its builder, M. Aemilius Scaurus, Juv. 6, 32 Rupert.— Poet.:Aemilia ratis,
the ship on which the booty acquired by L. Æmilius Paulus, in the war with Perseus, was conveyed to Rome, Prop. 4, 2, 8.—Aemilius ludus, a gladiatorial exhibition introduced by P. Æmilius Lepidus, Hor. A. P. 32.
См. также в других словарях:
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