current

af-flo (better adf-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n.

Lit., to blow or breathe on; constr. with acc. or dat.—Of the air:

udam (fabam) ventus adflavit,

Plin. 18, 17, 44, § 155:

adflantur vineta noto,

Stat. S. 5, 1, 146:

crinem sparsum cervicibus adflare,

Ov. M. 1, 542:

adflatus aurā,

Suet. Tib. 72. —Also of other things which exert an influence upon bodies, like a current of air; e. g. fire, light, vapor, etc.: et calidum membris adflare vaporem, and breathe a glow (lit. a warm vapor) upon our limbs, Lucr. 5, 508:

veiut illis Canidia adflāsset,

Hor. S. 2, 8, 95:

nos ubi primus equis oriens adflavit anhelis,

Verg. G. 1, 250; cf. id. A. 5, 739:

ignibus (fulminum) adflari,

Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 22:

adflati incendio,

touched, scorched, Liv. 30, 6:

flammā ex Aetnā monte,

id. Fragm. Serv. ad Verg. G. 1, 472.—So, adflari sidere = siderari, to be seized with torpor or paralysis (v. sideror and sideratio), Plin. 2, 41, 41, § 108:

odores, qui adflarentur e floribus,

were wafted, exhaled, Cic. Sen. 17; Prop. 3, 27, 17.—

Trop., to blow or breathe to or on.

As v. act., to bear or bring to; constr. alicui aliquid:

sperat sibi auram posse aliquam adflari voluntatis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 13:

rumoris nescio quid adflaverat, frequentiam non fuisse,

id. Att. 16, 5: alicui aliquid mali faucibus adflare, Auct. ad Her. 4, 49.—So poet.: adflare alicui honores, to breathe beauty upon one, i. e. to impart to, Verg. A. 1, 591:

indomitis gregibus Venus adflat amores,

Tib. 2, 4, 57.—

As v. neutr., to be favorable to, to be friendly or propitious to:

Felix, cui placidus leniter adflat Amor,

Tib. 2, 1, 80.

aequābĭlĭs, e, adj. [aequo], that can be made equal, equal, similar, like (“aequalis alterius staturae par; aequabile quod aequari potest,” Front. Differ. 2198 P.); class.; in Cic. very freq. (syn.: aequalis, aequus, planus, par, similis).

Lit.:

vis hostilis cum istoc fecit meas opes aequabiles,

has made my property equal to his, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 52:

par (sc. est jus), quod in omnes aequabile est,

Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 68:

praedae partitio,

id. Off. 2, 11:

in descriptione aequabili sumptus,

id. Fl. 14, so id. N D. 1, 19 et saep.:

mixtura vitiorum atque virtutum,

Suet. Dom. 3.—

Transf

Equal, consistent, uniform, equable; ut haec patientia dolorum... in omni genere se aequabilem praebeat, may appear as constantly equal to itself, Cic. Tusc. 2, 27;

motus certus et aequabilis,

id. N. D. 2, 9:

moderati aequabilesque habitus,

id. Fin 5, 12:

fluvius,

which always continues with the same current, id. Rep. 2, 5; so,

pulvis,

Sall. J. 53:

aequabilior firmitas,

Sen. Ep. 74:

ver aequabile,

Lact. 2, 11, 2.—Hence, of discourse: aequabile et temperatum orationis genus, even and moderate style (opp vis dicendi major in orationibus, Cic. Off. 1, 1);

tractus orationis lenis et aequabilis,

id. de Or. 2, 13, 54:

genus orationis fusum atque tractum et cum lenitate quadam aequabile profluens,

id. ib. 15, 64.—

In relation to morals, equitable, just, right; constr. with in and acc. or absol.:

status rei publicae. non in omnes ordines civitatis aequabilis,

Cic. Rep. 2, 37:

fidus Romanis, aequabilis in suos,

Tac. A. 6, 31:

jus aequabile,

that deals alike with all, Cic. Inv. 1, 2: aequabilium legum conditor, Aur, Vict. Caes. 20, 23.— Comp., Cic. Att. 5, 20.— Adv.: aequābĭlĭter, uniformly, equally, in like manner, Cato, R. R. 103; Varr. R. R. 1, 6, 6; Cic. Off. 2, 11; id. N. D. 2, 45 et saep. — Comp., Sall. C. 2.— Sup. does not occur either in the adj. or adv.

aestĭmo (arch. aestŭ-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [from aes, with the termination -tumo, which also appears in autumo; cf.: legitumus, finitumus, maritumus; later, legitimus, finitimus, maritimus; compare the Goth. aistjan, to estimate].

To determine or estimate the extrinsic ( money) value of a thing, to value, rate, appraise; constr. with gen. or abl. (v. of price, Zumpt. §§

444 and 456): domum emit prope dimidio carius quam aestimabat,

Cic. Dom. 44:

frumentum III denariis,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 92:

aliquid tenuissime,

id. ib. 2, 4, 16:

prata magno,

id. Par. 6, 3:

perfecit (Aratus) aestimandis possessionibus, ut, etc.,

id. Off. 2, 23, 82; hence, litem alicui or alicujus, to estimate the value of an object in question, and thus determine how much the convicted person shall pay, to estimate or assess the damages; cf. Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. 1, 13, 38, and Beier ad Cic. Oratt. Fragm. Exc. IV. p. 265; Cic. Verr. l. l.—

Trop., to estimate the intrinsic ( moral) worth of a thing, to weigh, value, hold, etc. (while existimare, as a consequence of aestimare, signifies to judge a thing in any way after estimating its value: ex pretio rei judicare; cf. Burm. ad Phaedr. 3, 4; Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 2, 17; Corte and Kritz ad Sall. C. 8, 2; Gronov. ad Liv. 4, 41; 34, 2; and aestimator).— Constr.

That which serves as a standard by which a thing is estimated with ex or the abl.:

vulgus ex veritate pauca, ex opinione multa aestimant,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 10:

aliquem ex artificio comico,

id. ib.:

cum in Aquitaniam pervenisset, quae pars, ex tertiā parte Galliae est aestimanda, etc.,

i. e. is to be reckoned as a third part, Caes. B. G. 3, 20:

amicitias inimicitiasque non ex re, sed ex commodo,

Sall. C. 10, 5.—With simple abl.:

virtutem annis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 48: aliquid vitā, to measure a thing by life, i. e. to hold it as dear as life, Curt. 5, 5:

nec Macedonas veteri famā, sed praesentibus viribus aestimandos,

Just. 30, 4.—

The value attached to a thing in estimating it, in the gen. or abl. pretii (cf. I.); poet. also with acc. nihil:

auctoritatem alicujus magni,

Cic. Att. 7, 15: quod non minoris aestimamus quam quemlibet triumphum, Nep. Cat. 1:

aliquid unius assis,

Cat. 5, 2:

aliquid permagno,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 7, § 13:

non magno,

id. Fin. 3, 3, 11; so id. Tusc. 3, 4, 8:

non nihilo aestimandum,

id. Fin. 4, 23, 62:

magno te aestimaturum,

Liv. 40, 55:

magno aestimantibus se,

id. 40, 41. And with definite numerals which give the price-current for which a thing may be had; cf. Zumpt. § 456; Sall. Fragm. p. 974 Corte:

denis in diem assibus animam et corpus aestimari,

Tac. A. 1, 17:

emori nolo, sed me esse mortuum nihil aestimo,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 15.—

Among the histt. with a rel. clause.:

aestimantibus, quanta futuri spe tam magna tacuisset,

Tac. Agr. 18 fin.:

quantopere dilectus sit, facile est aestimare,

Suet. Aug. 57 (but in Sall. J. 31, 19, the correct read. is existumabitis, Dietsch).

aestĭmo (arch. aestŭ-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [from aes, with the termination -tumo, which also appears in autumo; cf.: legitumus, finitumus, maritumus; later, legitimus, finitimus, maritimus; compare the Goth. aistjan, to estimate].

To determine or estimate the extrinsic ( money) value of a thing, to value, rate, appraise; constr. with gen. or abl. (v. of price, Zumpt. §§

444 and 456): domum emit prope dimidio carius quam aestimabat,

Cic. Dom. 44:

frumentum III denariis,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 92:

aliquid tenuissime,

id. ib. 2, 4, 16:

prata magno,

id. Par. 6, 3:

perfecit (Aratus) aestimandis possessionibus, ut, etc.,

id. Off. 2, 23, 82; hence, litem alicui or alicujus, to estimate the value of an object in question, and thus determine how much the convicted person shall pay, to estimate or assess the damages; cf. Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. 1, 13, 38, and Beier ad Cic. Oratt. Fragm. Exc. IV. p. 265; Cic. Verr. l. l.—

Trop., to estimate the intrinsic ( moral) worth of a thing, to weigh, value, hold, etc. (while existimare, as a consequence of aestimare, signifies to judge a thing in any way after estimating its value: ex pretio rei judicare; cf. Burm. ad Phaedr. 3, 4; Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 2, 17; Corte and Kritz ad Sall. C. 8, 2; Gronov. ad Liv. 4, 41; 34, 2; and aestimator).— Constr.

That which serves as a standard by which a thing is estimated with ex or the abl.:

vulgus ex veritate pauca, ex opinione multa aestimant,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 10:

aliquem ex artificio comico,

id. ib.:

cum in Aquitaniam pervenisset, quae pars, ex tertiā parte Galliae est aestimanda, etc.,

i. e. is to be reckoned as a third part, Caes. B. G. 3, 20:

amicitias inimicitiasque non ex re, sed ex commodo,

Sall. C. 10, 5.—With simple abl.:

virtutem annis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 48: aliquid vitā, to measure a thing by life, i. e. to hold it as dear as life, Curt. 5, 5:

nec Macedonas veteri famā, sed praesentibus viribus aestimandos,

Just. 30, 4.—

The value attached to a thing in estimating it, in the gen. or abl. pretii (cf. I.); poet. also with acc. nihil:

auctoritatem alicujus magni,

Cic. Att. 7, 15: quod non minoris aestimamus quam quemlibet triumphum, Nep. Cat. 1:

aliquid unius assis,

Cat. 5, 2:

aliquid permagno,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 7, § 13:

non magno,

id. Fin. 3, 3, 11; so id. Tusc. 3, 4, 8:

non nihilo aestimandum,

id. Fin. 4, 23, 62:

magno te aestimaturum,

Liv. 40, 55:

magno aestimantibus se,

id. 40, 41. And with definite numerals which give the price-current for which a thing may be had; cf. Zumpt. § 456; Sall. Fragm. p. 974 Corte:

denis in diem assibus animam et corpus aestimari,

Tac. A. 1, 17:

emori nolo, sed me esse mortuum nihil aestimo,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 15.—

Among the histt. with a rel. clause.:

aestimantibus, quanta futuri spe tam magna tacuisset,

Tac. Agr. 18 fin.:

quantopere dilectus sit, facile est aestimare,

Suet. Aug. 57 (but in Sall. J. 31, 19, the correct read. is existumabitis, Dietsch).

af-flo (better adf-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n.

Lit., to blow or breathe on; constr. with acc. or dat.—Of the air:

udam (fabam) ventus adflavit,

Plin. 18, 17, 44, § 155:

adflantur vineta noto,

Stat. S. 5, 1, 146:

crinem sparsum cervicibus adflare,

Ov. M. 1, 542:

adflatus aurā,

Suet. Tib. 72. —Also of other things which exert an influence upon bodies, like a current of air; e. g. fire, light, vapor, etc.: et calidum membris adflare vaporem, and breathe a glow (lit. a warm vapor) upon our limbs, Lucr. 5, 508:

veiut illis Canidia adflāsset,

Hor. S. 2, 8, 95:

nos ubi primus equis oriens adflavit anhelis,

Verg. G. 1, 250; cf. id. A. 5, 739:

ignibus (fulminum) adflari,

Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 22:

adflati incendio,

touched, scorched, Liv. 30, 6:

flammā ex Aetnā monte,

id. Fragm. Serv. ad Verg. G. 1, 472.—So, adflari sidere = siderari, to be seized with torpor or paralysis (v. sideror and sideratio), Plin. 2, 41, 41, § 108:

odores, qui adflarentur e floribus,

were wafted, exhaled, Cic. Sen. 17; Prop. 3, 27, 17.—

Trop., to blow or breathe to or on.

As v. act., to bear or bring to; constr. alicui aliquid:

sperat sibi auram posse aliquam adflari voluntatis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 13:

rumoris nescio quid adflaverat, frequentiam non fuisse,

id. Att. 16, 5: alicui aliquid mali faucibus adflare, Auct. ad Her. 4, 49.—So poet.: adflare alicui honores, to breathe beauty upon one, i. e. to impart to, Verg. A. 1, 591:

indomitis gregibus Venus adflat amores,

Tib. 2, 4, 57.—

As v. neutr., to be favorable to, to be friendly or propitious to:

Felix, cui placidus leniter adflat Amor,

Tib. 2, 1, 80.

agmĕn, ĭnis, n. [as if contr. from agimen, from ago; cf.: tegimen, tegmen, from tego].

Lit.

In gen., a train, i. e. a collected multitude in motion or moving forwards; of things of any kind, but esp. (so most freq. in prose) of men or animals. —Of streams of water, motion, course, current: quod per amoenam urbem lent fluit agmine flumen, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4:

inde super terras fluit agmine dulci,

Lucr. 5, 272; cf. id. 6, 638; also,

in imitation of Enn., Virg. and Val. Fl.: leni fluit agmine Thybris,

Verg. A. 2, 782; cf. Val. Fl. 4, 721.—Of a train or succession of clouds:

denso sunt agmine nubes,

Lucr. 6, 100.—Of rain:

immensum caelo venit agmen aquarum,

body, mass, Verg. G. 1, 322 —Of atoms:

agmine condenso naturam corporis explent,

crowded into a compact mass, Lucr. 1, 607.—Of oars:

agmine re morum ceieri,

with quick plashing of oars, Verg. A. 5, 211.—Of a flock of birds: agmi ne magno. Corvorum. Verg. G. 1, 381.—Of a snake winding onwards:

cum medii nexus extremaeque agmina caudae Solvuntur,

Verg. G. 3, 424; cf. id. A. 2, 212.—Of clouds of dust following any thing in rapid motion, as men, animals, etc.:

agmina cervi Pulverulenta,

Verg. A. 4, 154.—And, as subst. concr., of birds turba Agminis aligeri, of the winged band, Verg A. 12, 249.—Of ants;

frugilegas aspeximus agmine longo formi cas,

Ov. M 7, 624; so id. ib. 7, 638.—Of the stars: diffugiunt stellae;

quarum agmina cogit Lucifer,

Ov. M. 2, 114; so id. ib. 11, 97 al.—Eap. of a company of persons, a multitude, troop, crowd, number, band:

ut a Brundisic nsque Romam agmen perpetuum totius Italiae viderem,

Cic. Pis. 22:

magno senatorum agmine,

Tac. H. 3, 55:

ingens mulierum agmen,

Liv. 2, 40:

muliebre et miserabile agmen,

Tac. A. 1, 40: numerosum agmen reorum, Plin Ep. 3, 9, and Tac. H. 4, 6: Eumenidum agmina, Verg A. 4, 469.—But particularly,

The train, procession, march, progress of an army:

de castris, de agminibus, etc., dicere,

Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 210:

ne miles gregarius in castris, neve in agmine servum aut jumentum haberet,

Sall. J. 45, 2:

pugnatum saepe directā acie, saepe in agminibus, saepe eruptionibus,

Vell. 2, 47:

effuso agmine abire,

Liv. 44, 39:

uno agmine victores cum victis in urbem irrupere,

id. 2, 30;

uno agmine persequentes,

Vulg. Judith, 15, 4 al. —

Transf., concr., an army, and properly considered as in motion, on the march (while exercitus is a disciplined army, and acies an army in battle-array) —As soon as the signal for marching was given, the Extraordinarii and the allies of the right wing, with their baggage, first put themselves in motion, then the legions, and last the allies of the left wing, with a part of the cavalry, which either rode behind the army, ad agmen claudendum or cogendum. to close the train, i. e. to keep it to gether or on the side in such an order (composito agmine, non itineri magis apto quam proelio) that it might be easily put into the line of battle, if the enemy ven tured to attack it; cf. Sall. J. 46, 6.—An army in close ranks was called agmen justum, Tac. H. 1, 68, or agmen pilatum, Serv. ad Verg. A. 12, 121—When there was no apprehension of the enemy, less care was taken for the protection of the army:

agmine incauto, i. e. minus munito, ut inter pacatos, ducebat, sc. consul,

Liv. 35, 4.—

The order of march was, however, different, according to circumstances and the nature of the ground,

Liv. 35, 4; 27, 28; and cf. Smith's Antiq.—Sometimes the army marched in the form of a square, agmen quadratum, with their baggage in the middle, so as to be in battle-array on meeting the enemy; hence agmen quadratum often means the same as acies triplex, an army formed in line of battle, only that the former indicates that they are on the march, and the latter that they are at rest.—Hence, like acies, with the epithet primum, the vanguard, Liv. 34, 28; Tac. Agr. 35:

medium,

the centre, Liv. 10, 41; Tac. H. 4, 22:

extremum,

Liv. 34, 28; Tac. H. 2, 100;

or, novissimum,

the rear, rearguard, Liv. 44, 33; so,

extremi agminis,

Vulg. Deut. 25, 18:

ut inde agmine quadratc ad urbem accederet,

marching in a square, Cic. Phil. 13, 8:

pariter atque in conspectu hostium quadrato agmine incedere,

Sall. J 100, 1; cf. id. ib. 46, 6, 7:

Hannibal agmine quadrato amnem ingressus,

Liv. 21, 5; se id. 31, 36; 37, 39:

quadrato agmine velut in aciem irent,

Curt. 5, 1, 19 al. —Sometimes, esp. in the poets in the plur., in gen. [p. 73] sense, = exercitus or copiae, an army, host, troops:

huic tanto agmini dux defuit,

Just. 12, 10:

occidit Daci Cotisonis agmen,

Hor. C. 3, 8, 18:

agmina curru Proterit,

Verg. A. 12, 329:

barbarorum Claudius agmina diruit,

Hor. C. 4, 14, 29; so id. S. 2, 1, 14; id. Epod. 17, 9; Ov. M. 3, 535; 5, 151, 161; 6, 423:

Del agminum Israël,

Vulg. 1 Reg. 17, 45:

agmina ejus dispergam,

ib. Ezech. 12, 14; 38, 6.—For military service, warfare:

rudis agminum Sponsus,

Hor. C. 3, 2, 9.—

Trop.

An army, troop, band, multitude:

educenda dictio est ex hac domesticā exercitatione et umbratili medium in agmen, in pulverem, in clamorem, in castra, aciemque forensem,

i. e. before the public, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 157:

e Brundisio usque Romam agmen perpetuum totius Italiae,

an unbroken train, id. Pis. 22, 51:

ingens mulierum agmen,

Liv. 2, 40; 9, 17:

agmina Eumenidum,

Verg. A. 4, 469; 6, 572:

agmina comitum,

Ov. Tr. 14, 30:

in angusto fidus comes agmine turbae,

Tib. 1, 5, 63:

numerosum agmen reorum,

Plin. Ep. 3, 9:

agmen occupationum,

an army of, id. ib. 2, 8.—

March, movement:

agmina fati et volumina,

Gell. 6, 2, 5.

amnis, is, m. ( fem., Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 18; Naev. and Att. ap. Non. 191, 33; Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 9; cf. Prisc. pp. 652 and 658 P.; Rudd. I. p. 26, n. 37; Schneid. Gram. 2, 98; abl. regularly amne;

but freq. amni in the poets,

Verg. G. 1, 203; 3, 447; Hor. S. 1, 10, 62; Col. R. R. 10, 136;

also in prose,

Liv. 21, 5; 21, 27 al.; cf. Prisc. p. 766; Rhem. Pal. 1374 P.; Rudd. I. p. 85, n. 85) [qs. for apnis from Sanscr. ap = water; n. plur. āpas. Van.; v. aqua], orig., any broad and deep-flowing, rapid water; a stream, torrent, river (hence, esp. in the poets, sometimes for a rapidly-flowing stream or a torrent rushing down from a mountain = torrens; sometimes for a large river, opp. fluvius (a common river); sometimes also for the ocean as flowing round the land; it most nearly corresponds with our stream; in prose not often used before the histt. of the Aug. per.; in Cic. only in Aratus and in his more elevated prose; never in his Epistt.).

Lit.: acervos altā in amni, Att., Trag. Rel. p. 178 Rib.: apud abundantem antiquam amnem et rapidas undas Inachi, Att. ap. Non. 192, 4 (Trag. Rel. p. 175 Rib.):

Sic quasi amnis celeris rapit, sed tamen inflexu flectitur,

Naev. Trag. Rel. p. 12 Rib.; Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 15:

molibus incurrit validis cum viribus amnis,

Lucr. 1, 288 (v. the whole magnificent description, 1, 282- 290):

Nilus unicus in terris, Aegypti totius amnis,

id. 6, 714:

ruunt de montibus amnes,

Verg. A. 4, 164:

amnes magnitudinis vastae,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 19.—Also in distinction from the sea:

cum pontus et amnes cuncti invicem commeant,

Sen. Q. N. 4, 2.—On the contr. of the ocean, acc. to the Gr. Ôkeanos potamos (Hom. Od. 11, 639):

Oceani amnis,

the ocean-stream, Verg. G. 4, 233:

quā fluitantibus undis Solis anhelantes abluit amnis equos,

Tib. 2, 5, 60: Nox Mundum caeruleo laverat amne rotas, id. 3, 4, 18 al.—

Transf.

Poet., of the constellation Eridanus:

Eridanum cernes funestum magnis cum viribus amnem,

Cic. Arat. 145 (as a transl. of the Gr. leipsanon Êridanoio, poluklaustou potamoio, Arat. Phaenom. 360): Scorpios exoriens cum clarus fugerit amnis, Germanic. Arat. 648; cf. id. ib. 362. —

Also poet. and in post-class. prose, any thing flowing, liquid, Verg. A. 12, 417; 7, 465:

amnis musti,

Pall. 11, 14, 18.—

Of a writer, whose eloquence is thus compared to a flowing stream (v. flumen, II. B. and fluo, II. 2. B. 1.): alter (Herodotus) sine ullis salebris quasi sedatus amnis (i. e. a noiseless stream flowing on in majestic size and fulness) fluit;

alter (Thucydides) incitatior fertur,

Cic. Or. 12, 39.—

Like flumen, as abstr., a current, stream: secundo amni, down or with the stream, Verg. G. 3, 447:

adverso amne,

up the stream, Curt. 10, 1 al.

ănĭma, ae, f. ( gen. animāï, Lucr. 1, 112; 3, 150 et saep.; cf. Neue, Formenl. I. p. 12; Lachm. ad Lucr. 1, 29; dat. and abl. plur. regul. animis, Cic. Fam. 14, 14; Lact. Inst. 6, 20, 19; 7, 2, 1; Arn. 2, 18; 2, 30; 2, 33; Aug. Civ. Dei, 13, 18; 13, 19; id. Ver. Relig. 22, 43:

animabus, only in eccl. and later Lat.,

Vulg. Exod. 30, 12; ib. Psa. 77, 18; ib. Matt. 11, 29; ib. Heb. 13, 17 et saep.; Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 34; id. Anim. 33 al.; Aug. Civ. Dei, 19, 23; Prud. c. Symm. 1, 531; Aus. Rer. Odyss. 11; Serv. ad Verg. A. 6, 136 al.; Neue, Formenl. I. p. 29) [v. animus], pr. that which blows or breathes; hence,

Lit., air, a current of air, a breeze, wind (mostly poet.):

ne quid animae forte amittat dormiens,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 23 sq.: vela ventorum animae immittere, Att. ap. Non. p. 234, 9 (Trag. Rel. p. 137 Rib.):

aurarum leves animae,

Lucr. 5, 236:

prece quaesit Ventorum pavidus paces animasque secundas,

he anxiously implores a lull in the winds and a favoring breeze, id. 5, 1229:

impellunt animae lintea,

Hor. C. 4, 12, 2:

Ne dubites quin haec animaï turbida sit vis,

Lucr. 6, 693: Quantum ignes animaeque [p. 121] valent (of the wind in the workshop of Vulcan), Verg. A. 8, 403.—Also of a flame of fire (blowing like the air): noctilucam tollo, ad focum fero, inflo; anima reviviscit, Varr. ap. Non. p. 234, 5.—

Transf.

In gen., the air, as an element, like fire, water, and earth (mostly poet.): aqua, terra, anima et sol, Enn. ap. Varr. R. R. 1, 4, 1:

qui quattuor ex rebus posse omnia rentur, Ex igni, terrā atque animā, procrescere et imbri,

Lucr. 1, 715:

ut, quem ad modum ignis animae, sic anima aquae, quodque anima aquae, id aqua terrae proportione redderet. Earum quattuor rerum etc.,

Cic. Tim. 5:

utrum (animus) sit ignis, an anima, an sanguis,

id. Ac. 2, 39, 124:

si anima est (animus), fortasse dissipabitur,

id. Tusc. 1, 1, 24; 1, 25, 6:

si deus aut anima aut ignis est, idem est animus hominis,

id. ib. 1, 26, 65:

animus ex inflammatā animā constat, ut potissimum videri video Panaetio,

id. ib. 1, 18, 42:

Semina terrarumque animaeque,

Verg. E. 6, 32.—

The air inhaled and exhaled, breath (concr.); while spiritus denotes orig. breathing (abstr.; very freq. in prose and poetry); cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136:

excipiat animam eam, quae ducta sit spiritu,

Plaut. As. 5, 2, 44:

animam compressi, aurem admovi,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 28 Ruhnk.:

animam recipe,

take breath, id. Ad. 3, 2, 26:

cum spiritus ejus (sc. Demosthenis) esset angustior, tantum continendā animā in dicendo est assecutus, ut, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261:

ne circuitus ipse verborum sit longior quam vires atque anima patiatur,

id. ib. 3, 49, 191; 3, 46, 181; id. N. D. 2, 54, 136: fetida anima nasum oppugnat, Titin. ap. Non. p. 233, 5 (Com. Rel. p. 136 Rib.); Caecil. ib. 9:

qui non modo animum integrum, sed ne animam quidem puram conservare potuisset,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58: animas et olentia Medi Ora fovent illo, with this the Medes correct their breath, etc., Verg. G. 2, 134:

respiramen iterque Eripiunt animae,

Ov. M. 12, 143; cf. id. F. 1, 425:

animae gravitas,

bad smell of the breath, Plin. 20, 9, 35, § 91; cf. id. 11, 37, 72, § 188; 22, 25, 64, § 132 al.:

artavit clusitque animam,

Luc. 4, 370; so Tac. A. 6, 50:

spes illorum abominatio animae,

Vulg. Job, 11, 20.—Of breath exhaled:

inspirant graves animas,

Ov. M. 4, 498.— Of the air breathed into a musical instrument, a breath of air, Varr. ap. Non. p. 233. 13.—Since air is a necessary condition of life,

1.. The vital principle, the breath of life:

animus est, quo sapimus, anima, quā vivimus,

Non. p. 426, 27 (hence anima denotes the animal principle of life, in distinction from animus, the spiritual, reasoning, willing principle; very freq. in Lucr. and class.): Mater est terra, ea parit corpus, animam aether adjugat, Pac. ap. Non. p. 75, 11 (Trag. Rel. p. 88 Rib.):

tunc cum primis ratione sagaci, Unde anima atque animi constet natura, videndum,

whence spring life and the nature of the mind, Lucr. 1, 131; 3, 158 sq.; so id. 3, 417 sq.; 3, 565; 3, 705; 2, 950; 4, 922; 4, 944; 4, 959; 6, 798; 6, 1223;

6, 1233 et saep.: deus totus est sensuus, totus visuus, totus audituus, totus animae, totus animi, totus sui,

Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 14 Jan:

quaedam (animantia) animum habent, quaedam tantum animam,

Sen. Ep. 58:

anima omnis carnis in sanguine est,

Vulg. Lev. 17, 14 al. —Hence,

In gen., life:

cum anima corpus liquerit,

Att. Trag. Rel. p. 214 Rib.:

Animae pauxillulum in me habet,

Naev. Com. Rel. p. 14 Rib.: Date ferrum, quī me animā privem, Enn. ap. Non. p. 474, 31 (Trag. Rel. p. 37 Rib.): me dicabo atque animam devōvo (i. e. devovero) hostibus, Att. ap. Non. p. 98, 12 (Trag. Rel. p. 283 Rib.):

conficit animam vis volneris,

Att. Trag. Rel. p. 209 Rib.:

adimere animam,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 137; so id. Men. 5, 5, 7:

exstinguere,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 16:

relinquere,

id. ib. 3, 4, 52:

edere,

Cic. Sest. 38:

de vestrā vitā, de conjugum vestrarum ac liberorum animā judicandum est,

id. Cat. 4, 9, 18:

si tibi omnia sua praeter animam tradidit,

id. Rosc. Am. 50:

libertas et anima nostra in dubio est,

Sall. C. 52, 6:

pauci, quibus relicta est anima, clausi in tenebris, etc.,

id. J. 14, 15; cf.

retinere,

id. ib. 31, 20:

de manu viri et fratris ejus requiram animam hominis,

Vulg. Gen. 9, 5; ib. Matt. 2, 20; ib. 1 Cor. 14, 7:

animam agere,

to give up the ghost, to die, Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19;

so also efflare,

to expire, id. ib.; id. Mil. 18 fin.; Suet. Aug. 99; so,

exhalare,

Ov. M. 15, 528; and, exspirare, id. ib. 5, 106 (cf. in Gr. thumon apopneein, psuchên ekpneein, bion apopsuchein, etc.):

deponere,

Nep. Hann. 1, 3:

ponere,

Vulg. Joan. 10, 17; 13, 27:

amittere,

Lucr. 6, 1233:

emittere,

Nep. Epam. 9, 3 Br. (so in Gr. aphienai tên psuchên):

proicere,

Verg. A. 6, 436:

purpuream vomit ille animam, said of a wounded man,

id. ib. 9, 349.—In Vulg. Matt. 16, 25 and 26, anima in v. 25 seems to pass to the higher meaning, soul, (cf. infra, II. D.) in v. 26, as hê psuchê in the original also can do.— Poet.:

anima amphorae,

the fumes of wine, Phaedr. 3, 1: Ni ego illi puteo, si occepso, animam omnem intertraxero, draw up all the life of that well, i. e. draw it dry, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 41.— Trop.:

corpus imperii unius praesidis nutu, quasi animā et mente, regeretur,

Flor. 4, 3:

accentus quasi anima vocis est,

Pompon. p. 67 Lind.—Prov.: animam debere, to owe life itself, of one deeply in debt:

quid si animam debet?

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 56 (Graecum proverbium: kai autên tên psuchên opheilei, Don.).—Metaph., applied to plants and other things possessing organic life, Sen. Ep. 58; so Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 152; 31, 1, 1, § 3; 14, 1, 3, § 16 al.—

Meton., a creature endowed with anima, a living being: ova parere solet genu' pennis condecoratum, non animam, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, 10, 18:

hi (deos) fibris animāque litant,

Stat. Th. 2, 246; Vulg. Gen. 2, 7; ib. Josh. 11, 11; ib. Luc. 9, 56; ib. Act. 2, 43 et saep.:

animae rationis expertes,

Lact. 3, 8.—So esp. of men (as we also say souls for persons; poet. or in post-Aug. prose):

egregias animas, quae sanguine nobis Hanc patriam peperere suo, etc.,

Verg. A. 11, 24:

animae quales nec candidiores, etc.,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 41; Luc. 5, 322:

vos Treveri et ceterae servientium animae,

ministering spirits, Tac. H. 4, 32.—So in enumerations in eccl. Lat.:

hos genuit Jacob sedecim animas,

Vulg. Gen. 46, 18; 46, 22; ib. Act. 2, 41; 7, 14.—Of slaves (eccl. Lat.):

merces animarum hominum,

Vulg. Apoc. 18, 13 (after the use of hê psuchê and). —Hence, also, souls separated from the body, the shades of the Lower World, manes: Unde (ex Averno) animae excitantur, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:

tu pias laetis animas reponis Sedibus,

Hor. C. 1, 10, 17; cf. id. S. 1, 8, 29:

animamque sepulcro Condimus,

Verg. A. 3, 67; Ov. M. 7, 612; so id. ib. 8, 488; 10, 41; 14, 411; 15, 158; Suet. Caes. 88; so,

vita: tenuīs sine corpore vitas volitare,

Verg. A. 6, 292.—So in eccl. Lat. of departed spirits:

timete eum, qui potest animam et corpus perdere in Gehennam,

Vulg. Matt. 10, 28 bis:

non derelinques animam meam in Inferno,

ib. Act. 2, 27; ib. Apoc. 6, 9; 20, 4.—

As expressive of love:

vos, meae carissimae animae,

my dearest souls, Cic. Fam. 14, 14; 14, 18:

Pro quā non metuam mori, Si parcent animae fata superstiti,

the dear surviving life, Hor. C. 3, 9, 12; cf.:

animae dimidium meae,

id. ib. 1, 3, 8:

meae pars animae,

id. ib. 2, 17, 5.—

Sometimes for animus, as the rational soul of man.

The mind as the seat of thought (cf. animus, II. A.):

anima rationis consiliique particeps,

Cic. N.D.1, 31, 87:

causa in animā sensuque meo penitus affixa atque insita,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 53:

ingenii facinora, sicut anima, immortalia sunt,

Sall. J. 2, 2.—So often in eccl. Lat.:

ad te Domine, levavi animam meam,

Vulg. Psa. 24, 1; 102, 1; 118, 129:

magnificat anima mea Dominum,

ib. Luc. 1, 46; ib. Act. 15, 24 al.—

As the seat of feeling (cf. animus, II. B.): sapimus animo, fruimur animā: sine animo anima est debilis, Att. ap. Non. p. 426, 29 (Trag. Rel. p. 175 Rib.):

desiderat anima mea ad te, Deus,

Vulg. Psa. 41, 2:

tristis est anima mea,

ib. Matt. 26, 38; ib. Joan. 10, 27 et saep.—

For consciousness (cf. animus, II. A. 3. and conscientia, II. A.):

cum perhibetur animam liquisse,

Lucr. 3, 598; in this phrase animus is more common.

argentum, i, n. [argêeis, argês, Dor. argas, white, like Tarentum, from Taras, Doed. Syn. III. p. 193; prop. white metal; cf. Sanscr. arǵunas = bright; raǵatam = silver; hence], silver, whose mineralogical description is found in Plin. 33, 6, 31, § 95.

A.. Lit.:

argenti metalla,

Plin. 33, 6, 33, § 101:

argenti aerisque metalla,

Vulg. Exod. 35, 24:

argenti vena,

Plin. 33, 6, 31, § 95: argenti fodina, v. argenti-fodina;

argenti scoria,

id. 3, 6, 5, § 105:

spuma argenti,

id. 33, 6, 35, § 106:

argenti duae differentiae (sunt),

id. 33, 10, 44, § 127:

argentum candidum, rufum, nigrum,

id. ib.:

argentum infectum,

unwrought silver, Liv. 26, 47; Dig. 34, 2, 19:

argenti montes,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 73: argentum purum, Foedus ap. Gell. 6, 5:

argento circumcludere cornua,

Caes. B. G. 6, 28:

Concisum argentum in titulos faciesque minutas,

Juv. 14, 291:

quod usquam est Auri atque argenti,

id. 8, 123:

argentum et aurum,

Tac. G. 5; id. A. 2, 60, id. H. 4, 53; Vulg. Gen. 24, 35:

aurum argentumque,

Tac. H. 2. 82:

aurum et argentum,

Vulg. Gen. 13, 2.—

Meton.

Wrought silver, things made of silver; silver-plate, silver-work:

tu argentum eluito,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 29:

nec domus argento fulget auroque renidet,

Lucr. 2, 27; so,

ridet argento domus,

Hor. C. 4, 11, 6:

argenti quod erat solis fulgebat in armis,

Juv. 11, 109:

argentumque expositum in aedibus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 15:

navis plena argenti facti atque signati,

full of wrought and stamped silver, id. ib. 2, 5, 25; so Liv. 34, 25 and 26:

argentum caelatum,

Cic. Verr. 4, 23, 52; id. Tusc. 5, 21, 61:

apponitur cena in argento puro et antiquo,

Plin. Ep. 3, 1, 9:

argentum et marmor vetus aeraque et artīs Suspice,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 17; so id. ib. 1, 16, 76; 2, 2, 181; id. S. 1, 4, 28:

argenti vascula puri,

Juv. 9, 141; 10, 19:

vasa omnia ex argento,

Vulg. Num. 7, 85; ib. Act. 17, 29:

leve argentum,

Juv. 14, 62:

argentum paternum,

id. 6, 355:

argentum vetus,

id. 1, 76:

argentum mittere,

id. 12, 43:

Empturus pueros, argentum, murrina, villas,

id. 7, 133 et saep.—

Silver as weighed out for money, or money coined from silver, silver, silver money; and, as the most current coin, for money in gen.:

appendit pecuniam, quadringentos siclos argenti,

Vulg. Gen. 23, 16: Ratio quidem hercle adparet; argentum oichetai, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 15 sq. (quoted by Cic., Pis. 25 fin.):

expetere,

id. Cist. 4, 2, 73:

adnumerare,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 15; so id. Heaut. 4, 4, 15; id. Ad. 3, 3, 56; 4, 4, 20; 5, 9, 20 al.:

argenti sitis famesque,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 23; id. S. 1, 1, 86:

quis audet Argento praeferre caput,

Juv. 12, 49:

tenue argentum venaeque secundae,

id. 9, 31:

hic modium argenti,

id. 3, 220:

venter Argenti gravis capax,

id. 11, 41:

Argentum et aurum non est mihi,

Vulg. Act. 3, 6; 20, 35 et saep.—

Argentum vivum, quicksilver, Plin. 33, 6, 32, § 100; Vitr. 7, 8, 1 sqq.; so,

argentum liquidum,

Isid. Orig. 16, 19, 2.

bracchĭum (less correctly brāchĭ-um; gen. bracchi, Lucr. 6, 434), ii, n. [perh. kindr. with Gr. brachiôn; but cf. Sanscr. bāhu; like frango, Sanscr. bhang, Bopp, Gloss. p. 239 a], the arm; particularly,

Lit., the forearm, from the hand to the elbow (while lacertus is the upper arm, from the elbow to the shoulder), Lucr. 4, 830; 6, 397:

bracchia et lacerti,

Ov. M. 1, 501; 1, 550 sq.:

subjecta lacertis bracchia,

id. ib. 14, 305; Curt. 8, 9, 21; 9, 1, 29:

(feminae) nudae bracchia et lacertos,

Tac. G. 17 (opp. umerus); Cels. 8, 1, § 79 sqq.; 8, 10, § 55 sqq.—Far oftener,

Transf.

In gen., the arm, the whole arm, from the shoulder to the fingers, Pac. ap. Non. p. 87, 26, and Varr. L. L. 5, 7, p. 4 Müll.; id. ap. Gell. 16, 16, 4:

quod eum bracchium fregisse diceret,

Cic. de Or. 2, 62, 253; cf. Cels. 1, 10, 3:

multi ut diu jactato bracchio praeoptarent scutum manu emittere et nudo corpore pugnare,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25:

bracchium (sc. dextrum) cohibere togā,

Cic. Cael. 5, 11 (cf. Sen. Contr. 5, 6:

bracchium extra togam exserere): eodem ictu bracchia ferro exsolvunt (i.e. venas incidunt, as, soon after, crurum et poplitum venas abrumpit),

Tac. A. 15, 63; 1, 41.—Of embraces:

collo dare bracchia circum,

to throw the arms round the neck, Verg. A. 6, 700; cf.:

circumdare collo,

Ov. M. 9, 459:

implicare collo,

id. ib. 1, 762:

inicere collo,

id. ib. 3, 389:

cervici dare,

Hor. C. 3, 9, 2:

lentis adhaerens bracchiis,

id. Epod. 15, 6: Hephaestionis bracchium hastā ictum est, Curt. 4, 16, 31:

ut in jaculando bracchia reducimus,

Quint. 10, 3, 6:

sinisteriore bracchio,

Suet. Dom. 17:

bracchia ad superas extulit auras,

Verg. A. 5, 427:

alternaque jactat Bracchia protendens (Dares),

id. ib. 5, 377:

juventus horrida bracchiis,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 50.—Of a rower:

si bracchia forte remisit,

Verg. G. 1, 202:

matri bracchia tendere,

Ov. M. 3, 723:

patrio tendens bracchia caelo,

id. ib. 9, 210:

tendens ad caelum bracchia,

id. ib. 9, 293:

precando Bracchia sustulerat,

id. ib. 6, 262.—Prov.:

dirigere bracchia contra Torrentem,

to swim against the current, Juv. 4, 89.—

Of the movement of the arms in speaking:

bracchii projectione in contentionibus, contractione in remissis,

Cic. Or. 18, 59; so Quint. 11, 3, 84:

extento bracchio paululum de gestu addidit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 242:

demissa bracchia,

Quint. 2, 13, 9:

a latere modice remota,

id. 11, 3, 159:

ut bracchio exserto introspiciatur latus,

id. 11, 3, 118:

aliqui transversum bracchium proferunt et cubito pronunciant,

id. 11, 3, 93:

bracchium in latus jactant,

id. 4, 2, 39:

si contendemus per continuationem, bracchio celeri, mobili vultu utemur,

Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—

Of the motion of the arms in dancing:

bracchia in numerum jactare,

Lucr. 4, 769;

imitated by Ov.: numerosa bracchia jactat (ducit, Jahn),

Ov. Am. 2,4,29, and id. R. Am. 754; Lucr. 4, 790; imitated in Ov. A. A. 1, 595; Prop. 2 (3), 22, 6; imitated in Stat. S. 3, 5, 66; cf.

of the labors of the Cyclopes: illi inter sese magnā vi bracchia tollunt In numerum,

Verg. G. 4, 174.—

Trop.: levi or molli bracchio agere aliquid, to do any thing superficially, negligently, remissly (prob. peculiar to the lang. of conversation), Cic. Att. 4, 16, 6; so,

molli bracchio aliquem objurgare,

id. ib. 2, 1, 6.—Prov.:

praebuerim sceleri bracchia nostra tuo,

lend a hand, Ov. H. 7, 126.—

The limbs of animals analogous to the arms of men; of the claws of crawfish, etc., Ov. M. 4, 625; 10, 127; 15, 369; Plin. 9, 31, 51, § 97: hence also of the sign Cancer, Ov. M. 2, 83; also of Scorpio, Verg. G. 1, 34; Ov. M. 2, 82; 2, 195.—Of the claws of the nautilus, Plin. 9, 29, 47, § 88, and other sea-fish, id. 11, 48, 108, § 258.—Of the lion:

in feminum et bracchiorum ossibus,

Plin. 11, 37, 86, § 214.—

Comicé for armus or femur (as inversely armus = bracchium): Ar. Edepol vel elephanto in Indiā Quo pacto pugno perfregisti bracchium. Py. Quid? bracchium? Ar. Illud dicere volui femur, the shoulder, the shoulder-blade of the elephant, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 26 sq. Brix ad loc.—

The branches of trees (cf. Ov. M. 1, 550: in ramos bracchia crescunt;

v. also manus and coma): vitem sub bracchia ungito,

Cato, R. R. 95 fin.;

of the vine,

Verg. G. 2, 368; Col. 4, 24, 2; 7, 8 sq.; 5, 5, 9 sq.; Pall. Febr. 9, 6;

id. Mai, 2, 1: quatiens bracchia Quercus,

Cat. 64, 105:

differt quod in bracchia ramorum spargitur,

Plin. 13, 9, 18, § 62:

(aesculus) Tum fortes late ramos et bracchia tendens, etc.,

Verg. G. 2, 296; Ov. M. 14, 630; Val. Fl. 8, 114.—

An arm of the sea:

nec bracchia longo Margine terrarum porrexerat Amphitrite,

Ov. M. 1, 13; Curt. 6, 4, 16.—

The collateral branches or ridges of a mountain:

Taurus ubi bracchia emittit,

Plin. 5, 27, 27, § 98.—

Poet., = antenna, the sail-yards:

jubet intendi bracchia velis,

Verg. A. 5, 829; cf. Stat. S. 5, 1, 244.—

In milit. lang., a ( natural or artificial) outwork or line for connecting two points in fortifications, etc.; Gr. skelê:

aliā parte consul muro Ardeae bracchium injunxerat,

a line of communication, Liv. 4, 9, 14; 38, 5, 8; 22, 52, 1 Drak.; 44, 35, 13; Hirt. B. Alex. 30; id. B. Afr. 38; 49; 51; 56; id. B. Hisp. 5; 6; 13; Curt. 6, 4, 16; Luc. 3, 387; 4, 266.—So of the side-works, moles, dikes, in the fortification of a harbor, Liv. 31, 26, 8; cf. Just. 5, 8, 5 Gron.; Plin. Ep. 6, 31, 15; Suet. Claud. 20.—

The arm of a catapult or ballista, Vitr. 1, 1; 10, 15 sq.

bracchĭum (less correctly brāchĭ-um; gen. bracchi, Lucr. 6, 434), ii, n. [perh. kindr. with Gr. brachiôn; but cf. Sanscr. bāhu; like frango, Sanscr. bhang, Bopp, Gloss. p. 239 a], the arm; particularly,

Lit., the forearm, from the hand to the elbow (while lacertus is the upper arm, from the elbow to the shoulder), Lucr. 4, 830; 6, 397:

bracchia et lacerti,

Ov. M. 1, 501; 1, 550 sq.:

subjecta lacertis bracchia,

id. ib. 14, 305; Curt. 8, 9, 21; 9, 1, 29:

(feminae) nudae bracchia et lacertos,

Tac. G. 17 (opp. umerus); Cels. 8, 1, § 79 sqq.; 8, 10, § 55 sqq.—Far oftener,

Transf.

In gen., the arm, the whole arm, from the shoulder to the fingers, Pac. ap. Non. p. 87, 26, and Varr. L. L. 5, 7, p. 4 Müll.; id. ap. Gell. 16, 16, 4:

quod eum bracchium fregisse diceret,

Cic. de Or. 2, 62, 253; cf. Cels. 1, 10, 3:

multi ut diu jactato bracchio praeoptarent scutum manu emittere et nudo corpore pugnare,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25:

bracchium (sc. dextrum) cohibere togā,

Cic. Cael. 5, 11 (cf. Sen. Contr. 5, 6:

bracchium extra togam exserere): eodem ictu bracchia ferro exsolvunt (i.e. venas incidunt, as, soon after, crurum et poplitum venas abrumpit),

Tac. A. 15, 63; 1, 41.—Of embraces:

collo dare bracchia circum,

to throw the arms round the neck, Verg. A. 6, 700; cf.:

circumdare collo,

Ov. M. 9, 459:

implicare collo,

id. ib. 1, 762:

inicere collo,

id. ib. 3, 389:

cervici dare,

Hor. C. 3, 9, 2:

lentis adhaerens bracchiis,

id. Epod. 15, 6: Hephaestionis bracchium hastā ictum est, Curt. 4, 16, 31:

ut in jaculando bracchia reducimus,

Quint. 10, 3, 6:

sinisteriore bracchio,

Suet. Dom. 17:

bracchia ad superas extulit auras,

Verg. A. 5, 427:

alternaque jactat Bracchia protendens (Dares),

id. ib. 5, 377:

juventus horrida bracchiis,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 50.—Of a rower:

si bracchia forte remisit,

Verg. G. 1, 202:

matri bracchia tendere,

Ov. M. 3, 723:

patrio tendens bracchia caelo,

id. ib. 9, 210:

tendens ad caelum bracchia,

id. ib. 9, 293:

precando Bracchia sustulerat,

id. ib. 6, 262.—Prov.:

dirigere bracchia contra Torrentem,

to swim against the current, Juv. 4, 89.—

Of the movement of the arms in speaking:

bracchii projectione in contentionibus, contractione in remissis,

Cic. Or. 18, 59; so Quint. 11, 3, 84:

extento bracchio paululum de gestu addidit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 242:

demissa bracchia,

Quint. 2, 13, 9:

a latere modice remota,

id. 11, 3, 159:

ut bracchio exserto introspiciatur latus,

id. 11, 3, 118:

aliqui transversum bracchium proferunt et cubito pronunciant,

id. 11, 3, 93:

bracchium in latus jactant,

id. 4, 2, 39:

si contendemus per continuationem, bracchio celeri, mobili vultu utemur,

Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—

Of the motion of the arms in dancing:

bracchia in numerum jactare,

Lucr. 4, 769;

imitated by Ov.: numerosa bracchia jactat (ducit, Jahn),

Ov. Am. 2,4,29, and id. R. Am. 754; Lucr. 4, 790; imitated in Ov. A. A. 1, 595; Prop. 2 (3), 22, 6; imitated in Stat. S. 3, 5, 66; cf.

of the labors of the Cyclopes: illi inter sese magnā vi bracchia tollunt In numerum,

Verg. G. 4, 174.—

Trop.: levi or molli bracchio agere aliquid, to do any thing superficially, negligently, remissly (prob. peculiar to the lang. of conversation), Cic. Att. 4, 16, 6; so,

molli bracchio aliquem objurgare,

id. ib. 2, 1, 6.—Prov.:

praebuerim sceleri bracchia nostra tuo,

lend a hand, Ov. H. 7, 126.—

The limbs of animals analogous to the arms of men; of the claws of crawfish, etc., Ov. M. 4, 625; 10, 127; 15, 369; Plin. 9, 31, 51, § 97: hence also of the sign Cancer, Ov. M. 2, 83; also of Scorpio, Verg. G. 1, 34; Ov. M. 2, 82; 2, 195.—Of the claws of the nautilus, Plin. 9, 29, 47, § 88, and other sea-fish, id. 11, 48, 108, § 258.—Of the lion:

in feminum et bracchiorum ossibus,

Plin. 11, 37, 86, § 214.—

Comicé for armus or femur (as inversely armus = bracchium): Ar. Edepol vel elephanto in Indiā Quo pacto pugno perfregisti bracchium. Py. Quid? bracchium? Ar. Illud dicere volui femur, the shoulder, the shoulder-blade of the elephant, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 26 sq. Brix ad loc.—

The branches of trees (cf. Ov. M. 1, 550: in ramos bracchia crescunt;

v. also manus and coma): vitem sub bracchia ungito,

Cato, R. R. 95 fin.;

of the vine,

Verg. G. 2, 368; Col. 4, 24, 2; 7, 8 sq.; 5, 5, 9 sq.; Pall. Febr. 9, 6;

id. Mai, 2, 1: quatiens bracchia Quercus,

Cat. 64, 105:

differt quod in bracchia ramorum spargitur,

Plin. 13, 9, 18, § 62:

(aesculus) Tum fortes late ramos et bracchia tendens, etc.,

Verg. G. 2, 296; Ov. M. 14, 630; Val. Fl. 8, 114.—

An arm of the sea:

nec bracchia longo Margine terrarum porrexerat Amphitrite,

Ov. M. 1, 13; Curt. 6, 4, 16.—

The collateral branches or ridges of a mountain:

Taurus ubi bracchia emittit,

Plin. 5, 27, 27, § 98.—

Poet., = antenna, the sail-yards:

jubet intendi bracchia velis,

Verg. A. 5, 829; cf. Stat. S. 5, 1, 244.—

In milit. lang., a ( natural or artificial) outwork or line for connecting two points in fortifications, etc.; Gr. skelê:

aliā parte consul muro Ardeae bracchium injunxerat,

a line of communication, Liv. 4, 9, 14; 38, 5, 8; 22, 52, 1 Drak.; 44, 35, 13; Hirt. B. Alex. 30; id. B. Afr. 38; 49; 51; 56; id. B. Hisp. 5; 6; 13; Curt. 6, 4, 16; Luc. 3, 387; 4, 266.—So of the side-works, moles, dikes, in the fortification of a harbor, Liv. 31, 26, 8; cf. Just. 5, 8, 5 Gron.; Plin. Ep. 6, 31, 15; Suet. Claud. 20.—

The arm of a catapult or ballista, Vitr. 1, 1; 10, 15 sq.

ex-ĕo, ĭi (rarely īvi, Gell. 12, 12, 3; Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 50; perf. exit, for exiit, id. Ps. 2, 4, 40; Verg. A. 2, 497), ĭtum, īre ( fut. [p. 683] exibo, but exies, exiet, Sen. Ep. 113, 20; id. Apocol. 3, 1 al.;

exiet for exibit,

Tert. adv. Jud. 13; Vulg. Matt. 2, 6; 5, 26 al.; perh. also in Hor. C. 4, 4, 65; acc. to some MSS. al. evenit; v. Orell. ad h. l.), v. n. and a.

Neutr., to go out or forth, to go away, depart.

Lit.

In gen.:

dum intro eo atque exeo,

Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 43:

jam ad te exeo,

id. Bacch. 4, 6, 24; 4, 9, 129:

foras,

id. Cas. 5, 2, 51; cf. id. Rud. 2, 2, 2:

ex urbe,

id. Am. 1, 3, 35:

ex urbe, oppido,

Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 2; Caes. B. G. 2, 33, 1:

e patria,

Cic. Pis. 14, 33:

e finibus suis,

Caes. B. G. 1, 5, 1:

clam ex castris,

id. ib. 7, 20, 10:

ab aliquo,

from one's house, Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 7 (v. ab, I. a.):

ab urbe,

away from, Liv. 10, 37, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.; 21, 13, 7; 23, 18, 14;

al. a villa sua,

Quint. 6, 3, 49:

de triclinio, de cubiculo,

Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 263:

de balneis,

id. de Or. 2, 55, 223:

de navi,

id. Att. 2, 7, 4:

(cornix) a cauda de ovo,

tail first, Plin. 10, 16, 18, § 38:

portā,

Plaut. Mil. 5, 39:

domo,

Cic. Rep. 1, 12; cf.:

erant omnino itinera duo, quibus itineribus domo exire possent,

i. e. withdraw from, leave their country, Caes. B. G. 1, 6, 1; so,

domo,

id. ib. 1, 12, 5;

1, 29, 1: castris,

id. B. C. 1, 69, 3:

in solitudinem,

to withdraw, Cic. Off. 1, 32, 118:

in alias domos tamquam in colonias,

id. ib. 1, 17, 54:

in provinciam,

Caes. B. G. 1, 33, 4:

in terram,

i. e. to land, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 51, § 433:

in luminis oras,

i. e. to be born, Lucr. 1, 170:

ad aliquem,

i. e. to go from home to visit a person, Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 6 et saep.—Prov.:

exeat aulā, qui vult esse pius,

Luc. 8, 493.— Poet., with inf.:

exierant dare veris opes,

Stat. Ach. 1, 288.—Of inanim. or abstr. subjects:

cum de consularibus mea prima sors exisset,

Cic. Att. 1, 19, 3; so,

sors,

Hor. C. 2, 3, 27; cf.:

cujus nomen exisset,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51, § 127:

nummi, qui per simulationem ab isto exierant,

id. ib. 2, 2, 25, §

61: per septem portus in maris exit aquas (Nilus),

flows out, empties, Ov. Am. 2, 13, 10:

septem aquis (Ister),

Val. Fl. 8, 187:

populo albae folia vetustiora in angulos exeunt,

terminate, Plin. 16, 23, 35, § 86:

color in florem heliotropii,

id. 37, 6, 22, § 83; cf.:

masculina nomina in A atque S litteras,

to end, terminate, Quint. 1, 5, 61.— Pass. impers.:

uti inde exiri possit,

Cato, R. R. 1, 2:

crepuit ostium: exitur foras,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 15:

in Velabro, qua in Novam viam exitur,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 24 Müll.—

In partic.

In milit. lang., to move out, march out:

milites, qui de tertia vigilia exissent,

Caes. B. C. 1, 64 fin.:

ut paludati (praetores) exeant,

depart for the battle-field, id. ib. 1, 6, 6:

ad pugnam,

Liv. 44, 39, 2; Verg. G. 4, 67:

ex Italia ad bellum civile,

Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 3 et saep.— Pass. impers.:

non posse clam exiri,

Caes. B. C. 1, 67, 2:

postquam exitum est maximā copiā,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 64.—

In jurid. Lat.: potestate, de or a potestate alicujus, to get out of any one's power (potestas), to be emancipated, become free, Dig. 37, 4, 1, § 6; 62; 28, 6, 3 et saep. (cf. B. 1. infra).—

De vita, to depart from life, decease, die (for the usual excedere or decedere de vita):

quem (me) fuerat aequius ut prius introieram, sic prius exire de vita,

Cic. Cael. 4, 15; so,

de vita,

Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 5; cf.:

e vita tamquam e theatro,

Cic. Fin. 1, 15, 49:

vitā exire,

Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 1.—

To go out or forth in any manner, to issue, escape (very rare):

cujus (Isocratis) e ludo tamquam ex equo Trojano meri principes exierunt,

Cic. de Or. 2, 22, 94:

hanc tamen Antonius fugam suam, quia vivus exierat, victoriam vocabat,

Vell. 2, 82, 3.—Of inanimate subjects:

currente rota cur urceus exit?

Hor. A. P. 22: libri quidem ita exierunt, ut, etc., turned out (the figure being borrowed from works of art which are cast and turned out of the mould), Cic. Att. 13, 13, 1.—

Of plants, to come up, spring forth, sprout out:

plerumque e terra exit hordeum diebus VII.,

Varr. R. R. 1, 45, 1:

ne semina in frugem exeant e terra,

Plin. 11, 30, 36, § 109:

folia a radice,

id. 25, 4, 9, § 28:

lupinus agro limoso,

Col. 2, 10, 3:

fabae in folia,

Plin. 18, 7, 10, § 57; and absol.:

ut vix ulla herba exeat,

Col. 2, 11, 3; so,

lens sata (with grandescere),

Pall. Febr. 4;

and, messis,

Val. Fl. 7, 549.—

To mount upwards, ascend, rise ( poet. and postAug. prose):

in auras (ignis),

Lucr. 6, 886:

ad caelum (arbor),

Verg. G. 2, 81:

in altitudinem (comae palmarum),

Plin. 13, 4, 8, § 37.—

Trop.

In gen.:

exisse ex potestate dicimus eos, qui effrenati feruntur aut libidine aut iracundia, etc.... Qui igitur exisse ex potestate dicuntur, idcirco dicuntur, quia non sunt in potestate mentis,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11; cf.:

itaque iratos proprie dicimus exisse de potestate, id est de consilio, de ratione, de mente,

id. ib. 4, 36, 77;

for which: a se,

Petr. 90: ex hac aerumna, Lucil. ap. Non. 296, 16; cf.:

exire aere alieno,

Cic. Phil. 11, 6, 13 (dub. al. se exserere):

quam nihil non consideratum exibat ex ore!

id. Brut. 76, 265; id. de Or. 2, 22 fin.:

nequaquam similiter oratio mea exire atque in vulgus emanare poterit,

id. Rosc. Am. 1, 3; Plin. Pan. 75, 3:

ea res prodita est et in vulgus exivit,

Gell. 12, 12, 3; cf. with object-clause:

exiit opinio, descensurum eum ad Olympia inter athletas,

Suet. Ner. 53; for which also with a subject-clause:

quod ante paucos dies exierat in vulgus, laudanti cuidam formam suam, respondisse eum, etc.,

id. Galb. 20:

ob hoc exivit proverbium, etc.,

became current, Vulg. Gen. 10, 9.—

In partic.

Of time, to run out, end, expire:

quinto anno exeunte,

Cic. Div. 1, 25, 53:

indutiarum dies exierat,

Liv. 4, 30, 14; 30, 25, 1; 42, 47, 10:

dies censurae, stipendii,

id. 9, 34, 22; 22, 33, 5:

nullus mihi per otium dies exit,

Sen. Ep. 8; Plin. Pan. 68, 2 et saep.—

To extend beyond a certain measure or limit (mostly post-Aug.):

extra aliquid,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 25:

vestra vita, licet supra mille annos exeat,

run out, extend, Sen. Brev. Vit. 6:

probationes in tertium diem exierunt,

Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 18:

digressus in laudes Castoris ac Pollucis exierat,

Quint. 11, 2, 11; cf.:

continuus (translationis usus) in allegorias et aenigmata exit,

id. 8, 6, 14:

in longum exierit ordo rerum,

id. 4, 2, 51.—

To pass away, perish:

opus laudabile, numquam a memoria hominum exiturum,

Sen. Ben. 3, 38; so with a subjectclause:

an jam memoriā exisse, neminem ex plebe tribunum militum creatum esse?

Liv. 6, 37, 5.—

Act. ( poet. and in postAug. prose), to go or pass beyond a thing.

Lit.

In gen.:

limen,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 18:

Avernas valles,

Ov. M. 10, 52:

flumen,

Val. Fl. 4, 698:

quantum diurni itineris miliariorum numero in reda possit exiri,

Vitr. 10, 9, 3:

donec minor filius lubricum juventae exiret,

Tac. A. 6, 49 (55) fin. —

Pregn., to avoid, evade, ward off:

corpore tela atque oculis vigilantibus exit,

avoids the blows, Verg. A. 5, 438; cf.:

feros exibant dentis adactus (jumenta),

Lucr. 5, 1330; Stat. Th. 6, 802:

procul absiliebat, ut acrem exiret odorem,

Lucr. 6, 1217:

profluvium sanguinis,

id. 6, 1206:

vim viribus,

Verg. A. 11, 750 et saep.—

Trop.

To exceed:

modum,

Ov. M. 9, 632.—

Of time: ad exitam aetatem = ad ultimam aetatem, Paul. ex Fest. p. 28, 5 Müll.

fĕro, tuli, latum, ferre (ante-class. redupl. form in the tempp. perff.:

tetuli,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 84; 168; id. Men. 4, 2, 25; 66; id. Rud. prol. 68: tetulisti, Att. and Caecil. ap. Non. 178, 17 sq.:

tetulit,

Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 40; id. Men. 2, 3, 30; Ter. And. 5, 1, 13:

tetulerunt,

Lucr. 6, § 672:

tetulissem,

Ter. And. 4, 5, 13:

tetulisse,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 2:

tetulero,

id. Cist. 3, 19:

tetulerit,

id. Poen. 3, 1, 58; id. Rud. 4, 3, 101), v. a. and n. [a wide-spread root; Sanscr. bhar-, carry, bharas, burden; Gr. pherô; Goth. bar, bairo, bear, produce, whence barn, child; Anglo-Saxon beran, whence Engl. bear, birth; cf. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 300; Fick, Vergl. Wort. p. 135. The perf. forms, tuli, etc., from the root tul-, tol-; Sanscr. tol-jami, lift, weigh; Gr. tlênai, endure, cf. talas, talanton; Lat. tollo, tolerare, (t)latus, etc. Cf. Goth. thulan, Germ. dulden, Geduld; Anglo-Sax. tholian, suffer. Supine latum, i. e. tlatum; cf. supra; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 220; Corss. Ausspr. 2, 73], to bear, carry, bring. (For syn. cf.: gero, porto, bajulo, veho; effero, infero; tolero, patior, sino, permitto, etc.)

Lit.

In gen.:

ferri proprie dicimus, quae quis suo corpore bajulat, portari ea, quae quis in jumento secum ducit, agi ea, quae animalia sunt,

Dig. 50, 16, 235: oneris quidvis feret, Ter. Ph. 3, 3, 29:

quin te in fundo conspicer fodere aut arare aut aliquid ferre,

id. Heaut. 1, 1, 17:

numerus eorum, qui arma ferre possent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 29, 1:

arma et vallum,

Hor. Epod. 9, 13:

sacra Junonis,

id. S. 1, 3, 11:

cadaver nudis humeris (heres),

id. ib. 2, 5, 86:

argentum ad aliquem,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 142; cf.:

symbolum filio,

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 30:

olera et pisciculos minutos ferre obolo in cenam seni,

Ter. And. 2, 2, 32; cf.:

vina et unguenta et flores,

Hor. C. 2, 3, 14:

discerpta ferentes Memora gruis,

id. S. 2, 8, 86; cf.:

talos, nucesque sinu laxo,

id. ib. 2, 3, 172:

in Capitolium faces,

Cic. Lael. 11, 37:

iste operta lectica latus per oppidum est ut mortuus,

id. Phil. 2, 41, 106:

lectica in Capitolium latus est,

Suet. Claud. 2:

circa judices latus (puer),

Quint. 6, 1, 47:

prae se ferens (in essedo) Darium puerum,

Suet. Calig. 19.— Poet. with inf.:

natum ad Stygios iterum fero mergere fontes,

Stat. Ach. 1, 134.—Prov.:

ferre aliquem in oculis, or simply oculis,

i. e. to hold dear, love exceedingly, Cic. Phil. 6, 4, 11; id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 9; Q. Cic. Fam. 16, 27, 2.—

In partic.

With the idea of motion predominating, to set in motion, esp. to move onward quickly or rapidly, to bear, lead, conduct, or drive away; with se or mid. (so esp. freq.), to move or go swiftly, to haste, speed, betake one's self; and of things, to flow, mount, run down.

Act.:

ubi in rapidas amnis dispeximus undas: Stantis equi corpus transvorsum ferre videtur Vis, et in advorsum flumen contrudere raptim: Et, quocumque oculos trajecimus, omnia ferri Et fluere assimili nobis ratione videntur,

Lucr. 4, 422 sq.:

ubi cernimus alta Exhalare vapore altaria, ferreque fumum,

to send up, id. 3, 432; cf.:

vis ut vomat ignes, Ad caelumque ferat flammai fulgura rursum,

id. 1, 725; and:

caelo supinas si tuleris manus,

raisest, Hor. C. 3, 23, 1:

te rursus in bellum resorbens Unda fretis tulit aestuosis,

id. ib. 2, 7, 16; cf.:

ire, pedes quocumque ferent,

id. Epod. 16, 21; and:

me per Aegaeos tumultus Aura feret,

id. C. 3, 29, 64:

signa ferre,

to put the standards in motion, to break up, Caes. B. G. 1, 39 fin.; 1, 40, 12; Liv. 10, 5, 1 al.:

pol, si id scissem, numquam huc tetulissem pedem,

have stirred foot, have come, Ter. And. 4, 5, 13:

pedem,

Verg. A. 2, 756; Val. Fl. 7, 112:

gressum,

to walk, Lucr. 4, 681; cf.:

agiles gressus,

Sil. 3, 180:

vagos gradus,

Ov. M. 7, 185:

vestigia,

Sil. 9, 101:

vagos cursus,

id. 9, 243.— Absol.:

quo ventus ferebat,

bore, drove, Caes. B. G. 3, 15, 3:

interim, si feret flatus, danda sunt vela,

Quint. 10, 3, 7:

itinera duo, quae extra murum ad portum ferebant,

led, Caes. B. C. 1, 27, 4:

pergit ad speluncam, si forte eo vestigia ferrent,

Liv. 1, 7, 6.—Prov.:

in silvam ligna ferre,

to carry coals to Newcastle, Hor. S. 1, 10, 34.—

With se or mid., to move or go swiftly, to hasten, rush:

cum ipsa paene insula mihi sese obviam ferre vellet,

to meet, Cic. Planc. 40, 96; cf.:

non dubitaverim me gravissimis tempestatibus obvium ferre,

id. Rep. 1, 4:

hinc ferro accingor rursus... meque extra tecta ferebam,

Verg. A. 2, 672; 11, 779:

grassatorum plurimi palam se ferebant,

Suet. Aug. 32.—Of things as subjects:

ubi forte ita se tetulerunt semina aquarum,

i. e. have collected themselves, Lucr. 6, 672.—Mid.:

ad eum omni celeritate et studio incitatus ferebatur,

proceeded, Caes. B. C. 3, 78, 2:

alii aliam in partem perterriti ferebantur,

betook themselves, fled, id. B. G. 2, 24, 3:

(fera) supra venabula fertur,

rushes, springs, Verg. A. 9, 553:

huc juvenis nota fertur regione viarum,

proceeds, id. ib. 11, 530:

densos fertur moribundus in hostes,

rushes, id. ib. 2, 511:

quocumque feremur, danda vela sunt,

Cic. Or. 23, 75; cf.:

non alto semper feremur,

Quint. 12, 10, 37:

ego, utrum Nave ferar magna an parva, ferar unus et idem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 200:

non tenui ferar Penna biformis per liquidum aethera Vates,

fly, id. C. 2, 20, 1.—Of inanimate subjects:

(corpuscula rerum) ubi tam volucri levitate ferantur,

move, Lucr. 4, 195; cf.:

quae cum mobiliter summa levitate feruntur,

id. 4, 745; cf.:

tellus neque movetur et infima est, et in eam feruntur omnia nutu suo pondera,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17 fin.:

Rhenus longo spatio per fines Nantuatium, etc.... citatus fertur,

flows, Caes. B. G. 4, 10, 3; cf. Hirt. B. [p. 738] G. 8, 40, 3:

ut (flamma) ad caelum usque ferretur,

ascended, arose, Suet. Aug. 94.—

Rarely ferre = se ferre: quem procul conspiciens ad se ferentem pertimescit,

Nep. Dat. 4 fin. —

To carry off, take away by force, as a robber, etc.: to plunder, spoil, ravage:

alii rapiunt incensa feruntque Pergama,

Verg. A. 2, 374:

postquam te (i. e. exstinctum Daphnin) fata tulerunt,

snatched away, id. E. 5, 34. So esp. in the phrase ferre et agere, of taking booty, plundering, where ferre applies to portable things, and agere to men and cattle; v. ago.—

To bear, produce, yield:

plurima tum tellus etiam majora ferebat, etc.,

Lucr. 5, 942 sq.; cf.:

quae autem terra fruges ferre, et, ut mater, cibos suppeditare possit,

Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 67:

quem (florem) ferunt terrae solutae,

Hor. C. 1, 4, 10:

quibus jugera fruges et Cererem ferunt,

id. ib. 3, 24, 13:

angulus iste feret piper et thus,

id. Ep. 1, 14, 23:

(olea) fructum ramis pluribus feret,

Quint. 8, 3, 10.— Absol.:

ferundo arbor peribit,

Cato, R. R. 6, 2.—

Of a woman or sheanimal, to bear offspring, be pregnant:

ignorans nurum ventrem ferre,

Liv. 1, 34, 3;

of animals: equa ventrem fert duodecim menses, vacca decem, ovis et capra quinque, sus quatuor,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 19; cf.:

cervi octonis mensibus ferunt partus,

Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 112:

nec te conceptam saeva leaena tulit,

Tib. 3, 4, 90.— Poet.:

quem tulerat mater claro Phoenissa Laconi,

i. e. had borne, Sil. 7, 666.—

To offer as an oblation:

liba et Mopsopio dulcia melle feram,

Tib. 1, 7, 54; so,

liba,

id. 1, 10, 23:

lancesque et liba Baccho,

Verg. G. 2, 394:

tura superis, altaribus,

Ov. M. 11, 577.—

To get, receive, acquire, obtain, as gain, a reward, a possession, etc.:

quod posces, feres,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 106; cf.: quodvis donum et praemium a me optato;

id optatum feres,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 27:

fructus ex sese (i. e. re publica) magna acerbitate permixtos tulissem,

Cic. Planc. 38, 92:

partem praedae,

id. Rosc. Am. 37, 107:

ille crucem pretium sceleris tulit, hic diadema,

Juv. 13, 105:

coram rege sua de paupertate tacentes Plus poscente ferent,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44.

Trop.

In gen., to bear, carry, bring:

satis haec tellus morbi caelumque mali fert,

bears, contains, Lucr. 6, 663;

veterrima quaeque, ut ea vina, quae vetustatem ferunt, esse debent suavissima,

which carry age, are old, Cic. Lael. 19, 67:

scripta vetustatem si modo nostra ferent,

will have, will attain to, Ov. Tr. 5, 9, 8:

nomen alicujus,

to bear, have, Cic. Off. 3, 18, 74; cf.:

insani sapiens nomen ferat, aequus iniqui,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 15:

nomen,

Suet. Aug. 101; id. Calig. 47:

cognomen,

id. Aug. 43; id. Galb. 3; cf.:

ille finis Appio alienae personae ferendae fuit,

of bearing an assumed character, Liv. 3, 36, 1:

Archimimus personam ejus ferens,

personating, Suet. Vesp. 19; cf.

also: (Garyophyllon) fert et in spinis piperis similitudinem,

Plin. 12, 7, 15, § 30: fer mi auxilium, bring assistance, aid, help, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 29 (Trag. v. 50 ed. Vahl.); cf.:

alicui opem auxiliumque ferre,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 9:

auxilium alicui,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 5; Ter. And. 1, 1, 115; Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 19; Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 5; 4, 12, 5; Hor. Epod. 1, 21 et saep.: opem, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 (Trag. v. 86 ed. Vahl.):

opem alicui,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 23; Ter. And. 3, 1, 15; id. Ad. 3, 4, 41; Cic. Rab. Perd. 1, 3 (with succurrere saluti); id. Fin. 2, 35, 118 (with salutem); id. Fam. 5, 4, 2:

subsidium alicui,

Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 2:

condicionem,

to proffer, id. ib. 4, 11, 3; cf. Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 30:

Coriolanus ab sede sua cum ferret matri obviae complexum,

offered, Liv. 2, 40, 5:

si qua fidem tanto est operi latura vetustas,

will bring, procure, Verg. A. 10, 792:

ea vox audita laborum Prima tulit finem,

id. ib. 7, 118: suspicionem falsam, to entertain suspicion, Enn. ap. Non. 511, 5 (Trag. v. 348 ed. Vahl.).—

In partic.

(Acc. to I. B. 1.) To move, to bring, lead, conduct, drive, raise:

quem tulit ad scenam ventoso gloria curru,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 177; so,

animi quaedam ingenita natura... recta nos ad ea, quae conveniunt causae, ferant,

Quint. 5, 10, 123; cf. absol.:

nisi illud, quod eo, quo intendas, ferat deducatque, cognoris,

Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 135:

exstincti ad caelum gloria fertur,

Lucr. 6, 8; cf.:

laudibus aliquem in caelum ferre,

to extol, praise, Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; cf. id. Rep. 1, 43; Quint. 10, 1, 99; Suet. Otho, 12; id. Vesp. 6:

eam pugnam miris laudibus,

Liv. 7, 10, 14; cf.:

saepe rem dicendo subiciet oculis: saepe supra feret quam fieri possit,

wilt exalt, magnify, Cic. Or. 40, 139:

ferte sermonibus et multiplicate fama bella,

Liv. 4, 5, 6:

ferre in majus vero incertas res fama solet,

id. 21, 32, 7:

crudelitate et scelere ferri,

to be impelled, carried away, Cic. Clu. 70, 199:

praeceps amentia ferebare,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 46, § 121; cf.:

ferri avaritia,

id. Quint. 11, 38:

orator suo jam impetu fertur,

Quint. 12 praef. §

3: eloquentia, quae cursu magno sonituque ferretur,

Cic. Or. 28, 97; cf.:

(eloquentia) feratur non semitis sed campis,

Quint. 5, 14, 31:

oratio, quae ferri debet ac fluere,

id. 9, 4, 112; cf.:

quae (historia) currere debet ac ferri,

id. 9, 4, 18; so often: animus fert (aliquem aliquo), the mind moves one to any thing:

quo cujusque animus fert, eo discedunt,

Sall. J. 54, 4; cf.:

milites procurrentes consistentesque, quo loco ipsorum tulisset animus,

Liv. 25, 21, 5; and:

qua quemque animus fert, effugite superbiam regiam,

id. 40, 4, 14:

si maxime animus ferat,

Sall. C. 58, 6; cf. Ov. M. 1, 775.—With an object-clause, the mind moves one to do any thing, Ov. M. 1, 1; Luc. 1, 67; Suet. Otho, 6; cf.

also: mens tulit nos ferro exscindere Thebas,

Stat. Th. 4, 753.—

(Acc. to I. B. 2.) To carry off, take away:

omnia fert aetas, animum quoque,

Verg. E. 9, 51:

postquam te fata tulerunt,

id. ib. 5, 34:

invida Domitium fata tulere sibi,

Anthol. Lat. 4, 123, 8;

like efferre,

to carry forth to burial, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 89.—

(Acc. to I. B. 3.) To bear, bring forth, produce:

haec aetas prima Athenis oratorem prope perfectum tulit,

Cic. Brut. 12, 45:

aetas parentum, pejor avis, tulit Nos nequiores,

Hor. C. 3, 6, 46:

Curium tulit et Camillum Saeva paupertas,

id. ib. 1, 12, 42.—

(Acc. to I. B. 6.) To bear away, to get, obtain, receive:

Cotta et Sulpicius omnium judicio facile primas tulerunt,

Cic. Brut. 49, 183:

palmam,

to carry off, win, id. Att. 4, 15, 6:

victoriam ex inermi,

to gain, Liv. 39, 51, 10; 2, 50, 2; 8, 8, 18:

gratiam et gloriam annonae levatae,

id. 4, 12, 8:

maximam laudem inter suos,

Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 4:

centuriam, tribus,

i. e. to get their votes, Cic. Planc. 20, 49; 22, 53; id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:

suffragia,

Suet. Caes. 13 (diff. from 8. a.):

responsum ab aliquo,

to receive, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 19; Caes. B. G. 6, 4 fin.:

repulsam a populo,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 54:

repulsam,

id. de Or. 2, 69 fin.; id. Phil. 11, 8, 19; id. Att. 5, 19 al.: calumniam, i. e. to be convicted of a false accusation, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 1:

ita ut filius partem dimidiam hereditatis ferat,

Gai. Inst. 3, 8:

singulas portiones,

id. ib. 3, 16; 61.—

To bear, support any thing unpleasant; or pregn., to suffer, tolerate, endure.

To bear in any manner.

With acc.: servi injurias nimias aegre ferunt, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:

(onus senectutis) modice ac sapienter sicut omnia ferre,

Cic. de Sen. 1, 2:

aegre ferre repulsam consulatus,

id. Tusc. 4, 17, 40:

hoc moderatiore animo ferre,

id. Fam. 6, 1, 6:

aliquid toleranter,

id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

clementer,

id. Att. 6, 1, 3:

quod eo magis ferre animo aequo videmur, quia, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 48, § 126:

ut tu fortunam, sic nos te, Celse, feremus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 17.—

With an object-clause:

ut si quis aegre ferat, se pauperem esse,

take it ill, Cic. Tusc. 4, 27, 59:

hoc ereptum esse, graviter et acerbe ferre,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 152:

quomodo ferant veterani, exercitum Brutum habere,

id. Phil. 10, 7, 15.—

With de:

de Lentulo scilicet sic fero, ut debeo,

Cic. Att. 4, 6, 1:

quomodo Caesar ferret de auctoritate perscripta,

id. ib. 5, 2, 3:

numquid moleste fers de illo, qui? etc.,

id. ib. 6, 8, 3.—

Absol.:

sin aliter acciderit, humaniter feremus,

Cic. Att. 1, 2, 1:

si mihi imposuisset aliquid, animo iniquo tulissem,

id. ib. 15, 26, 4.—

Pregn., to bear or put up with, to suffer, tolerate, endure, sustain, resist.

With acc.: quis hanc contumeliam, quis hoc imperium, quis hanc servitutem ferre potest? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:

qui potentissimorum hominum contumaciam numquam tulerim, ferrem hujus asseclae?

Cic. Att. 6, 3, 6:

cujus desiderium civitas ferre diutius non potest,

id. Phil. 10, 10, 21:

cogitandi non ferebat laborem,

id. Brut. 77, 268:

unum impetum nostrorum,

Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 3:

vultum atque aciem oculorum,

id. ib. 1, 39, 1:

cohortatio gravior quam aures Sulpicii ferre didicissent,

to hear unmoved, Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 9:

vultum,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 121:

multa tulit fecitque puer, sudavit et alsit,

id. A. P. 413:

spectatoris fastidia,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 215:

fuisse (Epaminondam) patientem suorumque injurias ferentem civium,

Nep. Epam. 7.—Of personal objects:

quem ferret, si parentem non ferret suum?

brook, Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 28:

optimates quis ferat, qui, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 33:

vereor, ut jam nos ferat quisquam,

Quint. 8, 3, 25:

an laturi sint Romani talem regem,

id. 7, 1, 24:

quis enim ferat puerum aut adolescentulum, si, etc.,

id. 8, 5, 8.—

With an object-clause:

ferunt aures hominum, illa... laudari,

Cic. de Or. 2, 84, 344:

non feret assiduas potiori te dare noctes,

Hor. Epod. 15, 13; Ov. M. 2, 628:

illa quidem in hoc opere praecipi quis ferat?

Quint. 11, 3, 27; 11, 1, 69:

servo nubere nympha tuli,

Ov. H. 5, 12; cf.:

alios vinci potuisse ferendum est,

id. M. 12, 555. —

With quod:

quod rapta, feremus, dummodo reddat eam,

Ov. M. 5, 520:

illud non ferendum, quod, etc.,

Quint. 11, 3, 131. —

With the access, notion of publicity, to make public, to disclose, show, exhibit:

eum ipsum dolorem hic tulit paulo apertius,

Cic. Planc. 14, 34; cf.:

laetitiam apertissime tulimus omnes,

id. Att. 14, 13, 2:

neque id obscure ferebat nec dissimulare ullo modo poterat,

id. Clu. 19, 54:

haud clam tulit iram adversus praetorem,

Liv. 31, 47, 4; cf.:

tacite ejus verecundiam non tulit senatus, quin, etc.,

id. 5, 28, 1.—

Prae se ferre, to show, manifest, to let be seen, to declare:

cujus rei tantae facultatem consecutum esse me, non profiteor: secutum me esse, prae me fero,

Cic. N. D. 1, 5, 12:

noli, quaeso, prae te ferre, vos plane expertes esse doctrinae,

id. ib. 2, 18, 47:

non mediocres terrores... prae se fert et ostentat,

id. Att. 2, 23, 3:

hanc virtutem prae se ferunt,

Quint. 2, 13, 11:

liberalium disciplinarum prae se scientiam tulit,

id. 12, 11, 21:

magnum animum (verba),

id. 11, 1, 37.—Of inanim. and abstr. subjects:

(comae) turbatae prae se ferre aliquid affectus videntur,

Quint. 11, 3, 148:

oratio prae se fert felicissimam facilitatem,

id. 10, 1, 11.—

Of speech, to report, relate, make known, assert, celebrate:

haec omnibus ferebat sermonibus,

Caes. B. C. 2, 17, 2:

alii alia sermonibus ferebant Romanos facturos,

Liv. 33, 32, 3:

ferte sermonibus et multiplicate fama bella,

id. 4, 5, 6:

patres ita fama ferebant, quod, etc.,

id. 23, 31, 13; cf. with acc.:

hascine propter res maledicas famas ferunt,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 149:

famam,

id. Pers. 3, 1, 23:

fama eadem tulit,

Tac. A. 1, 5; cf. id. ib. 15, 60:

nec aliud per illos dies populus credulitate, prudentes diversa fama, tulere,

talk about, id. ib. 16, 2:

inimici famam non ita, ut nata est, ferunt,

Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 23:

quod fers, cedo,

tell, say, Ter. Ph. 5, 6, 17:

nostra (laus) semper feretur et praedicabitur, etc.,

Cic. Arch. 9, 21.—With an object-clause:

cum ipse... acturum se id per populum aperte ferret,

Liv. 28, 40, 2; id. ib. §

1: saepe homines morbos magis esse timendos ferunt quam Tartara leti,

Lucr. 3, 42:

Prognen ita velle ferebat,

Ov. M. 6, 470; 14, 527:

ipsi territos se ferebant,

Tac. H. 4, 78; id. A. 4, 58; 6, 26 (32); cf.:

mihi fama tulit fessum te caede procubuisse, etc.,

Verg. A. 6, 503:

commentarii ad senatum missi ferebant, Macronem praesedisse, etc.,

Tac. A. 6, 47 (53).—

Ferunt, fertur, feruntur, etc., they relate, tell, say; it is said, it appears, etc.—With inf.:

quin etiam Xenocratem ferunt, cum quaereretur ex eo, etc... respondisse, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 2:

fuisse quendam ferunt Demaratum, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 19:

quem ex Hyperboreis Delphos ferunt advenisse,

id. N. D. 3, 23, 57; Hor. C. 3, 17, 2:

homo omnium in dicendo, ut ferebant, accrrimus et copiosissimus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 45:

Ceres fertur fruges... mortalibus instituisse,

Lucr. 5, 14:

in Syria quoque fertur item locus esse, etc.,

id. 6, 755:

is Amulium regem interemisse fertur,

Cic. Rep. 2, 3:

qui in contione dixisse fertur,

id. ib. 2, 10 fin.:

quam (urbem) Juno fertur terris omnibus unam coluisse,

Verg. A. 1, 15:

non sat idoneus Pugnae ferebaris,

you were accounted, held, Hor. C. 2, 19, 27:

si ornate locutus est, sicut fertur et mihi videtur,

Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 49; cf.: cum quaestor ex Macedonia venissem Athenas florente [p. 739] Academia, ut temporibus illis ferebatur, id. ib. § 45.—

To give out, to pass off a person or thing by any name or for any thing; and, in the pass., to pass for any thing, to pass current:

hunc (Mercurium) omnium inventorem artium ferunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17, 1:

ut Servium conditorem posteri fama ferrent,

Liv. 1, 42, 4:

qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae,

set himself up for, boast, Vell. 1, 11, 1:

avum M. Antonium, avunculum Augustum ferens,

boasting of, Tac. A. 2, 43; cf.:

qui ingenuum se et Lachetem mutato nomine coeperat ferre,

Suet. Vesp. 23:

ante Periclem, cujus scripta quaedam feruntur,

Cic. Brut. 7, 27 (quoted paraphrastically, Quint. 3, 1, 12): sub nomine meo libri ferebantur artis rhetoricae, Quint. prooem. 7; cf.:

cetera, quae sub nomine meo feruntur,

id. 7, 2, 24; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Aug. 31; id. Caes. 20:

multa ejus (Catonis) vel provisa prudenter vel acta constanter vel responsa acute ferebantur,

Cic. Lael. 2, 6:

qua ex re in pueritia nobilis inter aequales ferebatur,

Nep. Att. 1, 3.—

Polit. and jurid. t. t.

Suffragium or sententiam, to give in one's vote, to vote, Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 1; cf.:

ferunt suffragia,

Cic. Rep. 1, 31; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7:

de quo foedere populus Romanus sententiam non tulit,

id. Balb. 15, 34; cf.:

de quo vos (judices) sententiam per tabellam feretis,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 104;

so of the voting of judges,

id. Clu. 26, 72;

of senators: parcite, ut sit qui in senatu de bello et pace sententiam ferat,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 31, § 76; cf. id. Fam. 11, 21, 2.—

Legem (privilegium, rogationem) ad populum, or absol., to bring forward or move a proposition, to propose a law, etc.:

perniciose Philippus in tribunatu, cum legem agrariam ferret, etc.,

Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73; cf. id. Sull. 23, 65:

quae lex paucis his annis lata esset,

id. Corn. 1, 3 (vol. xi. p. 10 B. and K.):

familiarissimus tuus de te privilegium tulit, ut, etc.,

id. Par. 4, 32:

Sullam illam rogationem de se nolle ferri (shortly before: Lex ferri coepta),

id. Sull. 23, 65:

rogationem de aliquo, contra or in aliquem, ad populum, ad plebem,

id. Balb. 14, 33; id. Clu. 51, 140; id. Brut. 23, 89; Caes. B. C. 3, 1, 4; Liv. 33, 25, 7:

nescis, te ipsum ad populum tulisse, ut, etc.,

proposed a bill, Cic. Phil. 2, 43, 100:

ut P. Scaevola tribunus plebis ferret ad plebem, vellentne, etc.,

id. Fin. 2, 16, 54; cf. Liv. 33, 25, 6:

quod Sulla ipse ita tulit de civitate, ut, etc.,

Cic. Caecin. 35, 102:

nihil de judicio ferebat,

id. Sull. 22, 63:

cum, ut absentis ratio haberetur, ferebamus,

id. Att. 7, 6, 2.— Impers.:

lato ut solet ad populum, ut equum escendere liceret,

Liv. 23, 14, 2. —

Judicem, said of the plaintiff, to offer or propose to the defendant as judge:

quem ego si ferrem judicem, refugere non deberet,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 15, 45; id. de Or. 2, 70, 285.—Hence, judicem alicui, in gen., to propose a judge to, i. e. to bring a suit against, to sue a person:

se iterum ac saepius judicem illi ferre,

Liv. 3, 57, 5; 3, 24, 5; 8, 33, 8.—

Mercant. t. t., to enter, to set or note down a sum in a book:

quod minus Dolabella Verri acceptum rettulit, quam Verres illi expensum tulerit, etc.,

i. e. has set down as paid, has paid, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 39, § 100 sq., v. expendo.—

Absol., of abstr. subjects, to require, demand, render necessary; to allow, permit, suffer:

ita sui periculi rationes ferre ac postulare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40, § 105; cf.:

gravioribus verbis uti, quam natura fert,

id. Quint. 18, 57: quid ferat Fors, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. 203 ed. Vahl.):

quamdiu voluntas Apronii tulit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 57:

ut aetas illa fert,

as is usual at that time of life, id. Clu. 60, 168:

ad me, ut tempora nostra, non ut amor tuus fert, vere perscribe,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 5:

quod ita existimabam tempora rei publicae ferre,

id. Pis. 2, 5:

si ita commodum vestrum fert,

id. Agr. 2, 28, 77:

prout Thermitani hominis facultates ferebant,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83:

si vestra voluntas feret,

if such be your pleasure, id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70:

ut opinio et spes et conjectura nostra fert,

according to our opinion, hope, and belief, id. Att. 2, 25, 2:

ut mea fert opinio,

according to my opinion, id. Clu. 16, 46: si occasio tulerit, if occasion require, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6:

dum tempus ad eam rem tulit, sivi, animum ut expleret suum,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 17: in hac ratione quid res, quid causa, quid tempus ferat, tu perspicies, Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 6:

natura fert, ut extrema ex altera parte graviter, ex altera autem acute sonent,

id. Rep. 6, 18.— Impers.:

sociam se cujuscumque fortunae, et, si ita ferret, comitem exitii promittebat (sc. res or fortuna),

Tac. A. 3, 15; so,

si ita ferret,

id. H. 2, 44.

flŭentum, i, n. [fluo], a flow, flood; in concr., running water, a stream, river.

Lit. ( poet. and in post-class. prose; usually in plur.):

fluenta Lubrica,

Lucr. 5, 949:

Xanthi,

Verg. A. 4, 143:

rauca (Cocyti),

id. ib. 6, 327:

Tiberina,

id. ib. 12, 35: cum inter fluenta tibiis fidibusque concineret, i. e. by the Euripus, Flor. 2, 8, 9:

Jordanis,

Vulg. Num. 13, 30.—In sing., App. de Deo Socr. p. 52; Aus. Mos. 10, 59; Avien. Perieg. 32; Prud. steph. 12, 32.—Of milk:

tonans (Juppiter) suxit fluenta mammarum,

Arn. 4, 141.—

Transf., a stream of fire (cf. fluctus, II. A. 2.): flammarum, App. de Mundo, p. 73 (shortly before, flumina); a stream or current of air, Lucr. 5, 278; al. fluenteis for fluentis.

flūmen, ĭnis, n. [id.], a flowing of water; and concr., a flood, stream, flowing or running water (syn.: fluvius, amnis, rivus).

In gen. (mostly poet.): Romane, aquam Albanam cave lacu contineri, cave in mare manare suo flumine sinas, an old prophetic formula ap. Liv. 5, 16, 9:

rapidus montano flumine torrens,

Verg. A. 2, 305; cf. Ov. R. Am. 651:

visendus ater flumine languido Cocytos errans,

Hor. C. 2, 14, 17:

inde sequemur Ipsius amnis iter, donec nos flumine certo Perferat,

Val. Fl. 8, 189: et Tiberis flumen vomit in mare salsum, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4 (Ann. v. 453 ed. Vahl.); cf.:

teque pater Tiberine tuo cum flumine sancto,

id. ib. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 55 ib.):

donec me flumine vivo Abluero,

in a living, running stream, Verg. A. 2, 719; cf.: quin tu ante vivo perfunderis flumine? Auct. ap. Liv. 1, 45, 6 (for which:

aqua viva,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 123 Müll.).—In plur.:

nymphae venas et flumina fontis Elicuere sui,

streams, Ov. M. 14, 788:

frigida Scamandri,

Hor. Epod. 13, 14:

Symaethia circum Flumina,

Verg. A. 9, 585:

limosa potat,

Ov. M. 1, 634; cf.:

Tantalus a labris sitiens fugientia captat Flumina,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 69:

maritima immittere in piscinas,

Varr. R. R. 3, 17, 9.

In partic., a river.

Lit. (the predominant signif. of the word both in prose and poetry): quod per amoenam urbem leni fluit agmine flumen, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4 (Ann. v. 177 ed. Vahl.); cf.:

ut flumina in contrarias partes fluxerint,

Cic. Div. 1, 35, 78:

Scipio biduum moratus ad flumen, quod inter eum et Domitii castra fluebat,

Caes. B. C. 3, 37, 1:

aurea flumina,

Lucr. 5, 911:

habet non tantum venas aquarum terra, ex quibus corrivatis flumina effici possunt, sed et amnes magnitudinis vastae, etc.,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 19; cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 5:

nec ullum hoc frigidius flumen attigi,

id. Leg. 2, 3, 6:

nos flumina arcemus, dirigimus, avertimus,

id. N. D. 2, 60, 152:

una pars (Galliae) initium capit a flumine Rhodano, continetur Garumna flumine... attingit etiam flumen Rhenum, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 6 sq.; 1, 2, 7:

inter montem Juram et flumen Rhodanum,

id. ib. 1, 6, 1:

flumen est Arar, quod, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 12, 1:

flumen Dubis,

id. ib. 1, 38, 4:

non Seres, non Tanain prope flumen orti,

Hor. C. 4, 15, 24:

Veliternos ad Asturae flumen Maenius fudit,

Liv. 8, 13, 5 Drak. N. cr.:

terrarum situs et flumina dicere,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 252:

secundo flumine ad Lutetiam iter facere coepit,

with the stream, Caes. B. G. 7, 58, 5 (cf. secundus, 2. a.):

magnum ire agmen adverso flumine,

against the stream, Caes. B. G. 7, 60, 3; cf. Verg. G. 1, 201; Liv. 24, 40. —Prov.:

flumine vicino stultus sitit, like,

starves in the midst of plenty, Petr. Fragm. p. 899 Burm.—

Transf., of other things which flow in streams or like streams, a stream, flood ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

sanguinis,

Lucr. 2, 354; 4, 1029:

largoque humectat flumine vultum,

flood of tears, Verg. A. 1, 465:

laeta magis pressis manabunt flumina mammis,

streams of milk, id. G. 3, 310:

flumina jam lactis, jam flumina nectaris,

Ov. M. 1, 111: rigido concussae flumine nubes Exonerabantur, a torrent of rain, Petr. poët. Sat. 123; cf.:

ut picis e caelo demissum flumen,

a stream of pitch, Lucr. 6, 257:

magnesia flumine saxa,

in the magnetic stream, id. 6, 1064:

effusaeque ruunt inopino flumine turbae,

i. e. in a vast stream, Sil. 12, 185; cf. Verg. A. 11, 236:

aëris,

a current of air, App. de Mund. p. 61, 33 Elm. p. 258 Bip.—

Trop., of expression, a flow, fluency, stream:

orationis flumine reprehensoris convicia diluuntur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 20:

flumen orationis aureum,

id. Ac. 2, 38, 119:

orationis,

id. de Or. 2, 15, 62; cf.:

flumen verborum volubili tasque,

id. Or. 16, 53:

gravissimorum op timorumque verborum,

id. de Or. 2, 45, 188:

inanium verborum,

id. N. D. 2, 1, 1:

Lysias... puro fonti quam magno flumini propior,

Quint. 10, 1, 78; 9, 4, 61; cf. id. 10, 1, 61; Petr. 5 fin. —And fig.:

neque concipere neque edere partum mens potest, nisi ingenti flumine litterarum inundata,

Petr. 118.

fluxus, a, um, v. fluo, P. a., B.

fluxus, ūs, m. [id.], a flowing, flow, a flux (post-Aug.):

sanguinis, Justin. 12, 9, 12: (echenēis piscis) fluxus gravidarum utero sistens,

Plin. 9, 25, 41, § 79:

ventus non aliud intelligitur quam fluxus aëris,

a current of air, id. 2, 43, 44, § 114:

resinae,

id. 23, 1, 24, § 46:

Maeandrico fluxu delicatam vestem humi protrahere,

i. e. folds, drapery, Tert. Pall. 4 med. (but in Tac. H. 5, 23 the correct read. is flexu, v. 2. flexus, II. A. fin.).

frĕtum, i, n., and frĕtus, ūs, m. [root phru, to be in uneasy motion, boil, flash; cf. Sanscr. bhur; Lat. ferveo], a strait, sound, channel.

Lit.

In gen.

Form fretum:

fretum dictum a similitudine ferventis aquae, quod in fretum saepe concurrat aestus atque differvescat,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 22; Isid. Orig. 13, 18:

(presteres) freta circum Fervescunt,

Lucr. 6, 427:

quid de fretis aut de marinis aestibus plura dicam?

Cic. Div. 2, 14, 34; cf.:

aestus maritimi, fretorumque angustiae,

id. N. D. 2, 7, 19; id. Mur. 17, 35:

Seston Abydena separat urbe fretum,

Ov. Tr. 1, 10, 28:

fretum Siciliense,

the Sicilian Strait, the Strait of Messina, Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 24;

also called fretum Siciliae,

Caes. B. C. 2, 3, 1; v. infra:

fretum nostri maris et Oceani,

i. e. the Gaditanian Strait, Strait of Gibraltar, Sall. J. 17, 4.—

Form fretus: salis fretus, Lucil. ap. Non. 205, 30; Naev. ib. 27 (Trag. Rel. p. 12 Rib.):

angusto fretu,

Lucr. 1, 720; cf.:

ut perangusto fretu divisa servitutis ac libertatis jura cognosceret,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 66, § 169 (cf. Gell. 13, 20, 15):

in Scyllaeo illo aeris alieni tamquam in fretu,

Cic. Sest. 8, 18: inter Italiam et Siciliam qui est fretus, Varr. ap. Non. 205, 31: a Gaditano fretu, Cic. ap. Charis. p. 103 P.: angustiae fretus, Messala, ib.: salsi fretus, Licin. ib.—

In partic., the Strait, for the Strait of Sicily:

cum se ille septimo die venisse a freto dixisset,

Cic. Att. 2, 1, 5; id. Verr. 2, 1, 59, § 154; 2, 2, 7 fin.; Caes. B. C. 1, 29, 1; Suet. Tib. 2; Flor. 2, 2; Hor. Epod. 9, 7 al.—

Hence, Frĕtensis, e, adj.:

Fretense mare,

i. e. the Strait of Sicily, Cic. Att. 10, 7, 1.—

Poet. transf.

In gen., the sea (syn.: mare, oceanus, pelagus, pontus).— Plur.:

fervet fretis spirantibus aequor,

Verg. G. 1, 327:

in freta dum fluvii current,

id. A. 1, 607; cf. Ov. M. 1, 36:

pastor cum traheret per freta navibus Idaeis Helenen,

Hor. C. 1, 15, 1:

fretis acrior Hadriae,

id. ib. 1, 33, 15.— Sing.:

Euxinum,

Ov. P. 2, 2, 2:

Libycum,

id. F. 3, 568.—

Of the sky: (pulvis) omnem pervolat caeli fretum, Enn. ap. Non. 205, 29 (Trag. v. 31 Vahl.).—

Of the spring, as the period of transition from cold to heat:

fretus ipse anni permiscet frigus et aestum,

Lucr. 6, 364; so,

freta anni,

ib. 374 ex conject. Lachm. v. ej. annot. p. 369.—

A raging, swelling, heat, violence:

aetatis freta,

Lucr. 4, 1030; cf.:

fretum adolescentiae, id est secunda imperii aetas,

Flor. 1, 26:

invidiae atque acerbitatis fretum effervescit,

Gell. 10, 3, 7.

haustus, a, um, Part., from haurio.

haustus, ūs, m. [haurio], a drawing.

Lit.:

aqua, quae non sit haustus profundi,

Col. 1, 5, 1:

puteus in tenues plantas facili diffunditur haustu,

Juv. 3, 227; Mel. 2, 4, 4: aquae ductus, haustus, iter, actus, etc.... a jure civili sumitur, the right of drawing, * Cic. Caecin. 26, 74; Dig. 8, 3, 1:

haustus ex fonte privato,

ib. 8, 3, 3, § 3. —

Transf., a drinking, swallowing, drawing in; and concr., a drink, draught ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose; for the most part only in the plur.):

largos haustus e fontibu' magnis Lingua fundet,

Lucr. 1, 412; cf.:

saepe, sed exiguis haustibus inde (i. e. rivo) bibi,

in small draughts, Ov. F. 3, 274:

haustu sparsus aquarum Ora fove,

Verg. G. 4, 229:

haustus aquae mihi nectar erit,

Ov. M. 6, 356:

undarum,

Luc. 3, 345:

Bacchi (i. e. vini) haustus,

Ov. M. 7, 450:

sanguinis,

i. e. the stream, current, id. ib. 4, 118:

Catulus se ignis haustu ludibrio hostium exemit,

swallowing, Flor. 3, 21, 15:

esse apibus partem divinae mentis et haustus Aetherios,

i. e. breath, soul, Verg. G. 4, 220; cf.:

alium domi esse caeli haustum, alium lucis aspectum,

Curt. 5, 5:

(canes) Suspensis teneros imitantur dentibus haustus,

i. e. gentle snappings, Lucr. 5, 1068:

peregrinae haustus arenae,

a handful, Ov. M. 13, 526; cf.:

angusti puero date pulveris haustus,

Stat. Th. 10, 427; v. haurio.—

Trop.:

Pindarici fontis qui non expalluit haustus,

i. e. to drink from, to imitate, Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 10:

justitiae haustus bibere,

Quint. 12, 2, 31.

laxĭtas, ātis, f. [laxus], width, roominess, spaciousness, extent.

Lit. (rare but class.), of a house, Cic. Off. 1, 39, 139: loci, Sall. ap. Non. 132, 23:

laxitas appellatur Propontis, angustiae Thracius Bosporus,

the wide part, Plin. 4, 12, 24, § 76:

mundi,

id. 14 prooem. §

5: spatiosa,

id. 8, 43, 68, § 169:

hae semitae opportunam laxitatem praebent,

Col. 4, 18: aëris. i. e. a free current of air, Pall. 1, 5.—

Trop., laxity, languor, Arn. 6, 197.

pūblĭcus (in inscrr. also POBLICVS and POPLICVS), a, um, adj. [contr. from populicus, from populus], of or belonging to the people, State, or community; that is done for the sake or at the expense of the State; public, common.

Lit.: multi suam rem bene gessere et publicam patriā procul, the business of the State, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. v. 295 Vahl.):

publica magnificentia (opp. privata luxuria),

Cic. Mur. 36, 76:

sacrificia publica ac privata,

Caes. B. G. 6, 12:

injuriae,

done to the State, id. ib. 1, 12:

litterae testimonium,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 31, § 74:

memoria publica recensionis tabulis publicis impressa,

id. Mil. 27, 73:

pecunia,

id. Agr. 2, 30, 82:

publicum funus,

at the public expense, Plin. Ep. 2, 1 init.:

defunctum senatus publico funere honoravit,

Suet. Vit. 3:

causa,

an affair of State, Liv. 2, 56;

also,

a criminal process, Cic. Rosc. Am. 21, 59:

in causis judiciisque publicis,

id. Div. in Caecil. 1, 1:

largitiones,

Sall. C. 37, 7: res publica, the commonwealth, the State; v. publicus ludus, Hor. C. 4, 2, 42:

in publica commoda peccare,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 3:

incisa notis marmora publicis,

id. C. 4, 8, 13.—

Subst.

pūblĭcūs, i, m.

A public officer, public functionary, magistrate:

si quis aut privatus aut publicus, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 6, 12: metuit publicos, the police, Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 6.—

A public slave or servant, an attendant upon a college of augurs, etc., Inscr. Orell. 24, 68 sq.; 2470; 2853 al.—

publĭcum, i, n.

Possessions of the State, public territory, communal property:

publicum Campanum,

Cic. Agr. 2, 30, 82.—

The public purse, the public coffers or treasury, public income, revenue, etc.: solitus non modo in publico ( in public, openly; v. under II. b.), sed etiam de publico convivari, at public cost, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 44, § 105:

bona alicujus vendere et in publicum redigere,

into the public treasury, for public use, Liv. 4, 15 fin.:

in publicum emere,

id. 39, 44; 26, 27:

mille et ducenta talenta praedae in publicum retulit,

Nep. Timoth. 1, 2:

publicis male redemptis,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 11, § 33:

conducere publica,

to farm the public revenues, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 77:

habere publicum,

to be a farmer of the public revenues, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 41:

frui publico,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 5, 12; Dig. 39, 4, 1, § 1:

publicum quadragesimae in Asiā egit,

Suet. Vesp. 1:

publicum agitare,

Sen. Ep. 119, 5:

pessimo publico facere,

to the injury of the State, Liv. 2, 1, 1.—

Transf.: qui hoc salutationum publicum exercet, who receives pay (like a porter) for admitting to an audience, Sen. Const. 14, 4. —

The archives of the State, public records:

ut scriptum in publico in litteris exstat,

Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 10.—

The commonwealth, State, community, city:

consulere in publicum,

to deliberate for the public weal, Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 21.—

Transf., common, general, public (as adj. rare, and mostly poet.):

publica lex hominum,

Pers. 5, 98:

juvenum Publica cura,

Hor. C. 2, 8, 7:

usus,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 92:

favor,

the favor of all, Ov. P. 4, 14, 56:

lux publica mundi,

the sun, id. M. 2, 35:

verba,

common, usual, id. Am. 3, 7, 12; id. A. A. 1, 144; Sen. Ep. 3, 1; 59, 1:

moneta,

current, Vulg. Gen. 23, 16.— Hence,

Substt. *

publica, ae, f., a public woman, Sen. Ep. 88, 37.—

pu-blicum, i, n., a public place, publicity (freq. and class.):

NEVE IN POPLICOD NEVE IN PREIVATOD, S. C. de Bacchan.: IN. POPLICO, Tab. Bantin. lin. 3: in publico esse non audet, includit se domi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 35, § 92:

summa in publico copia,

id. Tusc. 5, 35, 102:

epistulam in publico proponere,

publicly, id. Att. 8, 9, 2:

prodire in publicum,

to go out in public, id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 80:

egredi,

Tac. H. 4, 49:

carere publico,

not to go out in public, to remain at home, Cic. Mil. 7, 18:

abstinere publico,

Tac. A. 3, 3; Suet. Claud. 36:

lectica per publicum vehi,

id. Ner. 9:

oratio, quam nuper in publicum dedi,

published, Plin. Ep. 8, 3, 2.—

General, in a bad sense, i. e. common, ordinary, bad (very rare):

structura carminis,

Ov. P. 4, 13, 4:

vatem, cui non sit publica vena,

Juv. 7, 53:

sermo non publici saporis,

Petr. 3.—Hence, adv.: pu-blĭcē ( poplice).

On account, at the cost, in behalf, or in charge of the State:

haud scio mali quid ortum ex hoc sit publice,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 89:

AES. ARGENTVM. AVRVMVE. PVPLICE. SIGNANTO,

to provide with the public stamp, Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6: VT BONA EIVS POPLICE POSSIDEANTVR FACITO, for the State, in charge of the State, Tab. Bantin. lin. 9:

sunt illustriora, quae publice fiunt,

Cic. Rep. 3, 12, 21:

disciplina puerilis publice exposita,

on the part of the State, by the State, id. ib. 4, 3, 3:

publice interfici,

by order of the State, id. Brut. 62, 224:

legationis princeps publice dixit,

in the name of the State, id. Verr. 2, 3, 44, § 105:

publice maximam putant esse laudem, quam latissime a suis finibus vacare agros,

in a national point of view, Caes. B. G. 4, 3:

frumentum, quod Aedui essent publice polliciti,

for the State, in the name of the State, id. ib. 1, 16:

gratiam atque amicitiam publice privatimque petere,

on behalf of the public, and as individuals, id. ib. 5, 55 fin.; id. B. C. 2, 16:

ea privatim et publice rapere,

Sall. C. 11, 6:

potius publice quam privatim amicitiam populi Ron ani colere,

id. J. 8, 2; id. C. 49, 3:

Minucius eandem publice curationem agens, quam Maelius privatim agendam susceperat,

Liv. 4, 13:

neque publice neque privatim,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 6, § 16:

ut filiae ejus publice alerentur,

at the public expense, Nep. Arist. 3, 3: in urbe, celeberrimo loco elatus publice, id. Dion, 10, 3; cf. Liv. 5, 55; Plin. 33, 1, 4, § 11.—

Generally, all together, universally:

exulatum publice ire,

Liv. 5, 53 fin.; Dig. 39, 2, 24:

Labeo consulentibus de jure publice responsitavit,

all without exception, Gell. 13, 10, 1.—

Before the people, openly, publicly, = palam (only post-class.):

publice disserere,

Gell. 17, 21, 1:

virtutem Claudii publice praedicare,

Treb. Pol. Claud. 17:

rumor publice crebuerat,

App. M. 10, p. 247, 16; id. Mag. p. 276, 35; id. M. 2, p. 118, 10.