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41 исправленный
revised, corrected• Ошибки могут быть мгновенно исправлены. - Errors can be instantly rectified. -
42 уточненный
refined, more precise, proximate, corrected• Уточненный результат может быть получен, если... - A sharper result can be obtained when... -
43 какой там ...!
• КАКОЙ ТАМ < ТУТ>...! coll[AdjP; modif; fixed WO]=====⇒ used to express disagreement with some statement or to correct one's own words (the part of the statement that is objected to or corrected is repeated):- what do you mean,...?;- (but) what am I (are you) saying (talking about)...?;- [in limited contexts] how can you call it (him etc)...?;- don't call it (him etc)...;- some [NP]!♦ "Кто же у нас будет платить такие бешеные деньги? Васюкинцы..." - "Какие там васюкинцы! Васюкинцы денег платить не будут. Они будут их по-лу-чать!" (Ильф и Петров 1). "And who do you think is going to pay that kind of money? The people of Vasyuki?" "What do you mean, the people of Vasyuki? The people of Vasyuki are not going to pay money, they're going to receive it" (1a).♦ [Колесов:] Как свадьба? Где муж? [Маша:] Где, в том-то и дело!.. Сбежала я от него, Коля, прямо со свадьбы. [Колесов:] Как - со свадьбы? Почему? [Маша:] Да не свадьба была! Какая там свадьба. Неохота рассказывать (Вампилов 3). [К.:] How was the wedding? Where's your husband? [M.:] Where, that's just the point!...I ran away from him, Kolya, right at the wedding. [K.:] What do you mean, at the wedding? Why? [M.:] It wasn't a wedding! Don't call it a wedding. I don't feel like talking about it (3b).♦ В вуз он и не пытался пойти, какой там вуз с его знаниями, кроме того - возраст (Залыгин 1). [context transl] He didn't even try for university-how could he with his knowledge? Besides, there was his age (1a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > какой там ...!
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44 какой там...!
• КАКОЙ ТАМ < ТУТ>...! coll[AdjP; modif; fixed WO]=====⇒ used to express disagreement with some statement or to correct one's own words (the part of the statement that is objected to or corrected is repeated):- what do you mean,...?;- (but) what am I (are you) saying (talking about)...?;- [in limited contexts] how can you call it (him etc)...?;- don't call it (him etc)...;- some [NP]!♦ "Кто же у нас будет платить такие бешеные деньги? Васюкинцы..." - "Какие там васюкинцы! Васюкинцы денег платить не будут. Они будут их по-лу-чать!" (Ильф и Петров 1). "And who do you think is going to pay that kind of money? The people of Vasyuki?" "What do you mean, the people of Vasyuki? The people of Vasyuki are not going to pay money, they're going to receive it" (1a).♦ [Колесов:] Как свадьба? Где муж? [Маша:] Где, в том-то и дело!.. Сбежала я от него, Коля, прямо со свадьбы. [Колесов:] Как - со свадьбы? Почему? [Маша:] Да не свадьба была! Какая там свадьба. Неохота рассказывать (Вампилов 3). [К.:] How was the wedding? Where's your husband? [M.:] Where, that's just the point!...I ran away from him, Kolya, right at the wedding. [K.:] What do you mean, at the wedding? Why? [M.:] It wasn't a wedding! Don't call it a wedding. I don't feel like talking about it (3b).♦ В вуз он и не пытался пойти, какой там вуз с его знаниями, кроме того - возраст (Залыгин 1). [context transl] He didn't even try for university-how could he with his knowledge? Besides, there was his age (1a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > какой там...!
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45 какой тут...!
• КАКОЙ ТАМ < ТУТ>...! coll[AdjP; modif; fixed WO]=====⇒ used to express disagreement with some statement or to correct one's own words (the part of the statement that is objected to or corrected is repeated):- what do you mean,...?;- (but) what am I (are you) saying (talking about)...?;- [in limited contexts] how can you call it (him etc)...?;- don't call it (him etc)...;- some [NP]!♦ "Кто же у нас будет платить такие бешеные деньги? Васюкинцы..." - "Какие там васюкинцы! Васюкинцы денег платить не будут. Они будут их по-лу-чать!" (Ильф и Петров 1). "And who do you think is going to pay that kind of money? The people of Vasyuki?" "What do you mean, the people of Vasyuki? The people of Vasyuki are not going to pay money, they're going to receive it" (1a).♦ [Колесов:] Как свадьба? Где муж? [Маша:] Где, в том-то и дело!.. Сбежала я от него, Коля, прямо со свадьбы. [Колесов:] Как - со свадьбы? Почему? [Маша:] Да не свадьба была! Какая там свадьба. Неохота рассказывать (Вампилов 3). [К.:] How was the wedding? Where's your husband? [M.:] Where, that's just the point!...I ran away from him, Kolya, right at the wedding. [K.:] What do you mean, at the wedding? Why? [M.:] It wasn't a wedding! Don't call it a wedding. I don't feel like talking about it (3b).♦ В вуз он и не пытался пойти, какой там вуз с его знаниями, кроме того - возраст (Залыгин 1). [context transl] He didn't even try for university-how could he with his knowledge? Besides, there was his age (1a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > какой тут...!
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46 rudi
------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -rudi[English Word] come back[Part of Speech] verb[Swahili Example] rudi kutoka safari[English Example] come back from a journey.------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -rudi[English Word] correct[Part of Speech] verb[Swahili Example] Baba alimrudi mwanawe kwa kosa[English Example] the father corrected his child because of a mistake------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -rudi[English Word] find fault[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -rudi[English Word] give back[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -rudi[English Word] reply[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -rudi[English Word] reprove[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -rudi[English Word] respond[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -rudi[English Word] return[Part of Speech] verb[Derived Word] Arabic[Swahili Example] Ame rudi nyumbani kwa sababu mamake anasikia mgonjwa.[English Example] She has returned home because her mother feels sick.------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -rudi[English Word] send back[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -rudi[English Word] take back[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -rudi[English Word] shrink[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -rudi[English Word] go back[Part of Speech] verb[Swahili Example] Siwezi kurudi nyumbani peke yangu[English Example] I can't go back home alone------------------------------------------------------------ -
47 иметь
•This object possesses (or has) a symmetry axis.
•Comets frequently show (or have) a tail.
•Sulphur can accommodate more than eight electrons in its outer quantum shell.
•This material is of high heat resistance.
•The capacitor features (or exhibits, or shows, or possesses, or displays, or has) extraordinary stability.
•Calcite may exhibit a wide variety of forms.
•The instrument features eight data channels.
•The cycloidal curve exhibits a higher pressure angle.
•Many grains show slightly abraded edges.
•The forklift truck is today sporting (жарг.) such accessories as barrel handling devices, belt conveyors,...
II•The reamer is provided with helical flutes.
* * *Иметь -- to have; to be; to feature, to incorporate; to see (претерпевать); to possess, to hold (обладать); to suffer (о недостатках); to share (нечто общее)All bits below for clutch are regular hardness (... имеют обычную твердость).All of the step bearings were babbit lined and did not have end seals (... имели баббитовые вкладыши).The Analyzer projector featured a highly corrected lens.It is also required to determine the relative number of load cycles that each component sees as the input sun rotates.— иметь право наРусско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > иметь
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48 определять и устранять неисправность
Определять и устранять неисправность-- Very often a trouble can be diagnosed and corrected merely by manipulating the controls.Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > определять и устранять неисправность
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49 viel
1) sing, adjektivisch, inv( eine Menge von etw) a lot of, a great deal of;für so ein Hobby braucht man \viel Geld for a hobby like that you need a lot of money;\viel Erfolg! good luck!, I wish you every success!;\viel Spaß! enjoy yourself/yourselves!, have fun!2) sing, mit Artikel, Possessivpronomendas \viele Essen über die Weihnachtstage ist mir nicht bekommen all that food over Christmas hasn't done me any good;der \viele Ärger lässt mich nicht mehr schlafen I can't get to sleep with all this trouble;er wusste nicht mehr, wo er sein \vieles Geld noch anlegen sollte he didn't know where to invest all his money;ich weiß nicht, wie ich meine \viele Arbeit erledigen soll I don't know how I'm going to finish all my work;\vieles Unangenehme lässt sich nicht vermeiden many unpleasant things cannot be avoidedich habe zu \viel zu tun I have too much to do;obwohl er \viel weiß, prahlt er nicht damit although he knows a lot, he doesn't brag about it;von dem Plan halte ich, offen gestanden, nicht \viel frankly, I don't think much of the plan;das hat nicht \viel zu bedeuten that doesn't mean much4) sing, substantivisch\vieles a lot, a great deal, much;sie weiß \vieles she knows a lot [or a great deal];ich habe meiner Frau \vieles zu verdanken I have to thank my wife for a lot;\vieles, was du da sagst, trifft natürlich zu a lot [or much] of what you say is correct;in \vielem hast du Recht in many respects you're right;mit \vielem, was er vorschlägt, bin ich einverstanden I agree with many of the things he suggests;mein Mann ist um \vieles jünger als ich my husband is much younger than me;schöner ist dieser Lederkoffer natürlich, aber auch um \vieles teurer this leather suitcase is nicer, of course, but a lot more expensive\viele a lot of, a great number of, many;und \viele andere and many others;unglaublich \viele Heuschrecken fraßen die Ernte an unbelievable number of grasshoppers ate the harvested crops;\viele deiner Bücher kenne ich schon I know many of your books already;wir haben gleich \viele Dienstjahre we've been working here for the same number of years\viele a lot, many;diese Ansicht wird immer noch von \vielen vertreten this view is still held by many people;( eine große Anzahl von Dingen) a lot;es sind noch einige Fehler in dem Text, aber \viele haben wir bereits verbessert there are still some errors in the text, but we've already corrected a lotadv <mehr, am meisten>1) ( häufig) a lot;\viel ins Kino gehen to go to the cinema frequently;im Sommer halten wir uns \viel im Garten auf we spend a lot of time in the garden in summer;früher hat sie ihre Mutter immer \viel besucht she always used to visit her mother a lot;\viel diskutiert Thema, Problem much discussed;\viel gekauft Produkt popular;\viel geliebt (veraltend) much-loved;eine \viel gestellte Frage a question that comes up frequently;ein \viel gereister Mann a man who has travelled a great deal;eine \viel befahrene Straße a [very] busy street;ein \viel gefragtes Model a model that is in great demand2) ( wesentlich) a lot;woanders ist es nicht \viel anders als bei uns there's not a lot of difference between where we live and somewhere else;mit dem Flugzeug wäre die Reise \viel kürzer the journey time would be far shorter by plane;die Mütze ist für das Kind \viel zu groß the cap is far too big for the child -
50 lo de
• that being the case• that can be bored through• that many• that may be corrected -
51 выйдет толк
( из кого)разг.something can be made of him (her); he (she) will make a good...Он поправлял Ольге Ивановне её этюды и говорил, что из неё, быть может, выйдет толк. (А. Чехов, Попрыгунья) — He corrected Olga Ivanovna's sketches and said perhaps something could be made of her.
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52 как до неба
как до неба (небес) (кому до кого, чему до чего)разг.as far removed as heaven from earth; one is a long way from being smb., smth. yet; it is as far from smth. to smth. as from the earth to the sky- Вот тут студент, товарищ будущий доктор... Неужели не сможет показать, как в столице поют? - Я не из столицы, из Ленинграда, - поправил старика Гирин, - и до доктора мне как до неба. (И. Ефремов, Лезвие бритвы) — 'Here's a student, going to be a doctor, too... He can show us how they sing in Moscow.' 'I'm not from Moscow, I'm from Leningrad,' Girin corrected him. 'And I'm a long way from being a doctor yet.'
- Техника! Так до неё от нашей кузни - как до небес. Это тебе не самодельные гвозди ковать... (Н. Грибачёв, Кузница) — 'Machinery! Well it's as far from our smithy to that machinery as from the earth to the sky. There's been times when we turned out hand-made nails...'
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53 ὁ
ὁ, [full] ἡ, τό, is, when thus written,A demonstr. Pronoun.B in [dialect] Att., definite or prepositive Article.C in [dialect] Ep., the so-called postpositive Article, = relative Pronoun, ὅς, ἥ, ὅ.—The nom. masc. and fem. sg. and pl., ὁ, ἡ, οἱ, αἱ, have no accent in codd. and most printed books, exc. when used as the relative ; but ὁ, ἡ, οἱ, αἱ differ only in writing from ὃ, ἣ, οἳ, αἳ ; the nom. forms of the article are said by Hdn.Gr.1.474 to be oxytone, and by A.D.Pron.8.7 not to be enclitic. The forms τῶν, τοῖς, ταῖς were barytone (i. e. τὼν, τοὶς, ταὶς ) in [dialect] Aeol. acc. to Aristarch. ap. A.D.Synt.51.26. For οἱ, αἱ some dialects (not Cypr., cf. Inscr.Cypr.135.30H., nor Cret., cf.Leg.Gort. 5.28, nor Lesbian, cf. Alc.81, Sapph.Supp.5.1 ) and Hom. have τοί, ταί (though οἱ, αἱ are also found in Hom.): other Homeric forms are gen. sg. τοῖο, gen. and dat. dualτοῖιν Od.18.34
, al.: gen. pl. fem. τάων [pron. full] [ᾱ], dat. τοῖσι, τῇς and τῇσι, never ταῖσι or ταῖς in Hom.— In [dialect] Dor. and all other dialects exc. [dialect] Att. and [dialect] Ion. the fem. forms preserve the old [pron. full] ᾱ instead of changing it to η, hence [dialect] Dor. etc. ἁ, τάν, τᾶς ; the gen. pl. τάων contracts in many dialects to τᾶν ; the gen. sg. is in many places τῶ, acc. pl. τώς, but Cret., etc., τόνς (Leg.Gort.7.7, al.) or τός (ib.3.50, al.) ; in Lesbian [dialect] Aeol. the acc. pl. forms are τοὶς, ταὶς, IG12(2).645 A13, B62 ; dat. pl. τοῖς, ταῖς (or τοὶς, ταὶς, v. supr.), ib.645 A8, ib.1.6 ; ταῖσι as demonstr., Sapph. 16. The [dialect] Att. Poets also used the [dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Ep. forms τοῖσι, ταῖσι ; and in Trag. we find τοὶ μέν.., τοὶ δέ.., for οἱ μέν.., οἱ δέ.., not only in lyr., as A.Pers. 584, Th. 295, 298 ;οἱ μέν.. τοὶ δ' S.Aj. 1404
(anap.) ; but even in a trimeter, A.Pers. 424. In [dialect] Att. the dual has usu. only one gender, τὼ θεώ (for τὰ θεά) And.1.113 sq. ; τὼ πόλεε Foed. ap. Th.5.23 ;τὼ ἡμέρα X.Cyr.1.2.11
;τὼ χεῖρε Id.Mem.2.3.18
;τοῖν χεροῖν Pl.Tht. 155e
;τοῖν γενεσέοιν Id.Phd. 71e
;τοῖν πολέοιν Isoc.4.75
(τά S.Ant. 769, Ar.Eq. 424, 484,ταῖν Lys.19.17
, Is.5.16, etc. have been corrected) ; in Arc. the form τοῖς functions as gen. dual fem., (Orchom., iv B.C.):—in Elean and [dialect] Boeot. ὁ, ἡ (ἁ), τό, with the addition of -ί, = ὅδε, ἥδε, τόδε, nom.pl. masc. τυΐ the following men, Schwyzer485.14 (Thespiae, iii B.C.), al., cf. infr. VIII. 5. (With ὁ, ἁ, cf. Skt. demonstr. pron. sa, sā, Goth. sa, sō, ONorse sá, sú, Old Lat. acc. sum, sam (Enn.): —with τό [from Τόδ] cf. Skt. tat (tad), Lat. is-tud, Goth. pata: —with τοί cf. Skt. te, Lith. tĩe, OE. pá, etc.:—with τάων cf. Skt. tāsām, Lat. is-tarum:— the origin of the relative ὅς, ἥ, ὅ (q. v.) is different.)A ὁ, ἡ, τό, DEMONSTR. PRONOUN, that, the oldest and in Hom. the commonest sense: freq. also in Hdt. (1.86,5.35,al.), and sts. in Trag. (mostly in lyr., A.Supp. 1047, etc.; in trimeters, Id.Th. 197, Ag.7, Eu. 174 ; τῶν γάρ.., τῆς γάρ.., Id.Supp. 358, S.OT 1082 ; seldom in [dialect] Att. Prose, exc. in special phrases, v. infr. VI, VII):I joined with a Subst., to call attention to it, ὁ Τυδεΐδης he—Tydeus' famous son, Il. 11.660; τὸν Χρύσην that venerable man Chryses, I.II: and so with Appellat., Νέστωρ ὁ γέρων N.— thataged man, 7.324 ; αἰετοῦ.. τοῦ θηρητῆρος the eagle, that which is called hunter, 21.252, al. ; also to define and give emphasis, τιμῆς τῆς Πριάμου for honour, namely that of Priam, 20.181 ; οἴχετ' ἀνὴρ ὤριστος a man is gone, and he the best, 11.288, cf. 13.433, al.: sts. with words between the Pron. and Noun,αὐτὰρ ὁ αὖτε Πέλοψ 2.105
;τὸν Ἕκτορι μῦθον ἐνίσπες 11.186
, cf. 703, al.:—different from this are cases like Il.1.409 αἴ κέν πως ἐθέλῃσιν ἐπὶ Τρώεσσιν ἀρῆξαι, τοὺς δὲ κατὰ πρύμνας τε καὶ ἀμφ' ἅλα ἔλσαι Ἀχαιούς if he would help the Trojans, but drive those back to the ships— I mean the Achaeans, where Ἀχ. is only added to explain τούς, cf. 1.472, 4.20, 329, al.II freq. without a Subst., he, she, it,ὁ γὰρ ἦλθε Il.1.12
, al.III placed after its Noun, before the Relat. Prons., ἐφάμην σὲ περὶ φρένας ἔμμεναι ἄλλων, τῶν ὅσσοι Λυκίην ναιετάουσι far above the rest, above those to wit who, etc., Il.17.172 ; οἷ' οὔ πώ τιν' ἀκούομεν οὐδὲ παλαιῶν, τάων αἳ πάρος ἦσαν.. Ἀχαιαί such as we have not heard tell of yet even among the women of old, those women to wit who.., Od.2.119, cf. Il.5.332 ;θάλαμον τὸν ἀφίκετο, τόν ποτε τέκτων ξέσσεν Od.21.43
, cf. 1.116, 10.74 :—for the [dialect] Att. usage v. infr.IV before a Possessive Pron. its demonstr. force is sts. very manifest, φθίσει σε τὸ σὸν μένος that spirit of thine, Il.6.407, cf. 11.608 ; but in 15.58, 16.40, and elsewh. it is merely the Art.V for cases in which the Homeric usage approaches most nearly to the Attic, v. infr. B. init.VI ὁ μέν.., ὁ δέ.. without a Subst., in all cases, genders, and numbers, Hom., etc.: sts. in Opposition, where ὁ μέν prop. refers to the former, ὁ δέ to the latter ; more rarely ὁ μέν the latter, the former,Pl.
Prt. 359e, Isoc.2.32,34: sts. in Partition, the one.., the other.., etc.—The Noun with it is regularly in gen. pl., being divided by the ὁ μέν.., ὁ δέ.., into parts,ἠΐθεοι καὶ παρθένοι.., τῶν δ' αἱ μὲν λεπτὰς ὀθόνας ἔχον, οἱ δὲ χιτῶνας εἵατο Il.18.595
;τῶν πόλεων αἱ μὲν τυραννοῦνται, αἱ δὲ δημοκρατοῦνται, αἱ δὲ ἀριστοκρατοῦνται Pl.R. 338d
, etc.: but freq. the Noun is in the same case, by a kind of apposition,ἴδον υἷε Δάρητος, τὸν μὲν ἀλευάμενον τὸν δὲ κτάμενον Il.5.28
, cf. Od.12.73, etc.: so in Trag. and [dialect] Att., S.Ant. 22, etc. ;πηγὴ ἡ μὲν εἰς αὐτὸν ἔδυ, ἡ δὲ ἔξω ἀπορρεῖ Pl.Phdr. 255c
; if the Noun be collective, it is in the gen. sg.,ὁ μὲν πεπραμένος ἦν τοῦ σίτου, ὁ δὲ ἔνδον ἀποκείμενος D.42.6
: sts. a Noun is added in apposition with ὁ μέν orὁ δέ, ὁ μὲν οὔτασ' Ἀτύμνιον ὀξέϊ δουρὶ Ἀντίλοχος.., Μάρις δὲ.. Il.16.317
-19, cf. 116 ;τοὺς μὲν τὰ δίκαια ποιεῖν ἠνάγκασα, τοὺς πλουσίους, τοὺς δὲ πένητας κτλ. D.18.102
, cf. Pl.Grg. 501a, etc.2 when a neg. accompanies ὁ δέ, it follows δέ, e.g. ;τὸν φιλόσοφον σοφίας ἐπιθυμητὴν εἶναι, οὐ τῆς μὲν τῆς δ' οὔ, ἀλλὰ πάσης Pl.R. 475b
;οὐ πάσας χρὴ τὰς δόξας τιμᾶν, ἀλλὰ τὰς μὲν τὰς δ' οὔ· οὐδὲ πάντων, ἀλλὰ τῶν μὲν τῶν δ' οὔ Id.Cri. 47a
, etc.3 ὁ μέν τις.., ὁ δέ τις.. is used in Prose, when the Noun to which ὁ refers is left indefinite,ἔλεγον ὁ μέν τις τὴν σοφίαν, ὁ δὲ τὴν καρτερίαν.., ὁ δέ τις καὶ τὸ κάλλος X.Cyr.3.1.41
;νόμους.. τοὺς μὲν ὀρθῶς τιθέασιν τοὺς δέ τινας οὐκ ὀρθῶς Pl.R. 339c
, cf. Phlb. 13c.4 on τὸ μέν.., τὸ δέ.., or τὰ μέν.., τὰ δέ.., v. infr. VIII.4.5 ὁ μέν is freq. used without a correspondingὁ δέ, οἱ μὲν ἄρ' ἐσκίδναντο.., Μυρμιδόνας δ' οὐκ εἴα ἀποσκίδνασθαι Il.23.3
, cf. 24.722, Th.8.12, etc.: also folld. byἀλλά, ἡ μὲν γάρ μ' ἐκέλευε.., ἀλλ' ἐγὼ οὐκ ἔθελον Od.7.304
; by ἄλλος δέ, Il.6.147, etc. ;τὸν μὲν.., ἕτερον δέ Ar.Av. 843
, etc. ;ὁ μέν.., ὃς δέ.. Thgn.205
(v.l. οὐδέ): less freq. ὁ δέ in the latter clause without ὁ μέν preceding, τῇ ῥα παραδραμέτην φεύγων, ὁ δ' ὄπισθε διώκων (for ὁ μὲν φεύγων) Il.22.157 ;σφραγῖδε.. χρυσοῦν ἔχουσα τὸν δακτύλιον, ἡ δ' ἑτέρα ἀργυροῦν IG22.1388.45
, cf.μέν D.
III ;γεωργὸς μὲν εἷς, ὁ δὲ οἰκοδόμος, ἄλλος δέ τις ὑφαντής Pl.R. 369d
, cf. Tht. 181d.6 ὁ δέ following μέν sts. refers to the subject of the preceding clause,τοῦ μὲν ἅμαρθ', ὁ δὲ Λεῦκον.. βεβλήκει Il. 4.491
;τὴν μὲν γενομένην αὐτοῖσι αἰτίην οὐ μάλα ἐξέφαινε, ὁ δὲ ἔλεγέ σφι Hdt.6.3
, cf. 1.66,6.9, 133,7.6 : rare in [dialect] Att. Prose,ἐπεψήφιζεν αὐτὸς ἔφορος ὤν· ὁ δὲ οὐκ ἔφη διαγιγνώσκειν τὴν βοήν Th.1.87
;ἔμενον ὡς κατέχοντες τὸ ἄκρον· οἱ δ' οὐ κατεῖχον X.An.4.2.6
: this is different from ὁ δέ in apodosi, v. infr. 7 ; also from passages in which both clauses have a common verb, v. ὅ γε 11.7 ὁ δέ is freq. used simply in continuing a narrative, Il.1.43, etc.; also used by Hom. in apodosi after a relat., v. ὅδε 111.3.8 the opposition may be expressed otherwise than by μέν andδέ, οὔθ' ὁ.. οὔθ' ὁ Il.15.417
;ἢ τοῖσιν ἢ τοῖς A.Supp. 439
;οὔτε τοῖς οὔτε τοῖς Pl.Lg. 701e
.VII the following usages prevailed in [dialect] Att. Prose,1 in dialogue, after καί, it was usual to say in nom. sg. masc. καὶ ὅς ; in the other cases the usual forms of the Art. were used (v.ὅς A.
II.I and cf. Skt. sas, alternat. form of sa) ; so, in acc.,καὶ τὸν εἰπεῖν Pl.Smp. 174a
, cf. X.Cyr.1.3.9, etc.; also in Hdt.,καὶ τὴν φράσαι 6.61
, al.2 ὁ καὶ ὁ such and such,τῇ καὶ τῇ ἀτιμίᾳ Pl.Lg. 721b
: but mostly in acc.,καί μοι κάλει τὸν καὶ τόν Lys.1.23
, cf. Pl.Lg. 784d ;τὰ καὶ τὰ πεπονθώς D.21.141
, cf. 9.68 ;τὸ καὶ τό Id.18.243
; ἀνάγκη ἄρα τὸ καὶ τό it must then be so and so, Arist.Rh. 1401a4, cf. 1413a22 ; but τὰ καὶ τά now one thing, now another, of good and bad, , cf. Pi.P.5.55,7.20, al.;τῶν τε καὶ τῶν καιρόν Id.O. 2.53
; so πάντα τοῦ μετρίου μεταβαλλόμενα ἐπὶ τὰ καὶ ἐπὶ τά, of excess and defect, Hp.Acut.46 ; cf. A. VI.8.VIII abs. usages of single cases,1 fem. dat. τῇ, of Place, there, on that spot, here, this way, that way, Il.5.752, 858, al.: folld. by ᾗ, 13.52, etc.: also in Prose,τὸ μὲν τῇ, τὸ δὲ τῇ X.Ath.2.12
.b with a notion of motion towards, that way, in that direction, Il.10.531,11.149, 12.124 ;τῇ ἴμεν ᾗ.. 15.46
; :—only poet.c of Manner, in this way, thus,Od.
8.510.d repeated, τῇ μέν.., τῇ δέ.., in one way.., in another.., or partly.., partly.., E.Or. 356, Pl.Smp. 211a, etc.: withoutμέν, τῇ μᾶλλον, τῇ δ' ἧσσον Parm.8.48
.e relat., where, by which way, only [dialect] Ep., as Il.12.118, Od.4.229.2 neut. dat. τῷ, therefore, on this account, freq. in Hom., Il.1.418, 2.254, al. (v. infr.): also in Trag., A.Pr. 239, S.OT 510 (lyr.) ; in Prose,τῷ τοι.. Pl.Tht. 179d
, Sph. 230b.b thus, so, Il.2.373, 13.57, etc.: it may also, esp. when εἰ precedes, be translated, then, if this be so, on this condition, Od.1.239,3.224, 258,al., Theoc.29.11.—In Hom. the true form is prob. τῶ, as in cod. A, or τώ, cf. A.D.Adv.199.2.3 neut. acc. τό, wherefore, Il.3.176, Od.8.332, al., S.Ph. 142(lyr.) ; also τὸ δέ abs., but the fact is.., Pl.Ap. 23a, Men. 97c, Phd. 109d, Tht. 157b, R. 340d, Lg. 967a ; even when the τό refers to what precedes, the contrast may lie not in the thing referred to, but in another part of the sentence (cf. supr. VI. 6),τὸ δ' ἐπὶ κακουργίᾳ.. ἐπετήδευσαν Th.1.37
;τὸ δὲ.. ἡμῖν μᾶλλον περιέσται Id.2.89
; φασὶ δέ τινες αὐτὸν καὶ τῶν ἑπτὰ σοφῶν γεγονέναι· τὸ δὲ οὐκ ἦν but he was not, Nic.Dam.58J.4 τὸ μέν.., τὸ δέ.., partly.., partly.., or on the one hand.., on the other.., Th.7.36, etc., cf.Od.2.46 ; more freq. τὰ μέν.., τὰ δέ.., Hdt.1.173, S.Tr. 534, etc.; alsoτὰ μέν τι.., τὰ δέ τι.. X.An.4.1.14
;τὸ μέν τι.., τὸ δέ τι.. Luc.Macr.14
;τὰ μέν.., τὸ δὲ πλέον.. Th.1.90
: sts. without τὸ μέν.. in the first clause,τὸ δέ τι Id.1.107
,7.48 : rarely of Time, τὰ μὲν πολλὰ.., τέλος δέ several times.. and finally, Hdt.3.85.5 of Time, sts. that time, sts. this (present) time, συνμαχία κ' ἔα ἑκατὸν ϝέτεα, ἄρχοι δέ κα τοΐ (where it is possible, but not necessary, to supply ϝέτος) SIG9.3 (Olympia, vi B.C.): so with Preps., ἐκ τοῦ, [dialect] Ep. τοῖο, from that time, Il.1.493,15.601.b πρὸ τοῦ, sts. written προτοῦ, before this, aforetime, Hdt.1.103, 122,5.55, A.Ag. 1204, Ar.Nu.5, etc.;ἐν τῷ πρὸ τοῦ χρόνῳ Th.1.32
, cf. A.Eu. 462 ;τὸ πρὸ τοῦ D.S.20.59
.c in Thess. Prose, ὑππρὸ τᾶς yesterday, τὰ ψαφίσματα τό τε ὑππρὸ τᾶς γενόμενον καὶ τὸ τᾶμον the decree which was passed yesterday (lit. before this [day]), and to-day's, IG9(2).517.43 (Larissa, iii B.C.).6 ἐν τοῖς is freq. used in Prose with Superlatives, ἐν τοῖσι θειότατον a most marvellous thing, Hdt.7.137 ; ἐν τοῖς πρῶτοι the very first, Th.1.6, etc.; ἐν τοῖσι πρῶτος ( πρώτοις codd.) Pherecr.145.4 ; [Ζεὺς] Ἔρωτά τε καὶ Ἀνάγκην ἐν τοῖς πρῶτα ἐγέννησεν first of all, Aristid. Or.43(1).16, cf. 37(2).2: when used with fem. Nouns, ἐν τοῖς remained without change of gender, ἐν τοῖς πλεῖσται δὴ νῆες the greatest number of ships, Th.3.17; ἐν τοῖς πρώτη ἐγένετο (sc. ἡ στάσις) ib.82 : also with Advbs.,ἐν τοῖς μάλιστα Id.8.90
, Pl.Cri. 52a, Plu.2.74e, 421d, 723e, Brut.6, 11,al., Paus.1.16.3, etc.;ἐν τοῖς χαλεπώτατα Th.7.71
; : in late Prose, also with Positives,ἐν τοῖς παράδοξον Aristid.Or.48(24).47
codd.; withπάνυ, ἐν τοῖς πάνυ D.H.1.19
, cf. 66 ( ἐν ταῖς πάνυ f.l. 4.14,15).B ὁ, ἡ, τό, THE DEFINITE ARTICLE, the, to specify individuals: rare in this signf. in the earliest Gr., becoming commoner later. In Hom. the demonstr. force can generally be traced, v. supr. A. I, but the definite Art. must be recognized in places like Il.1.167,7.412, 9.309, 12.289, Od.19.372 : also when joined to an Adj. to make it a Subst., the hindmost man,Il.
11.178 ;τὸν ἄριστον 17.80
;τὸν δύστηνον 22.59
;τὸν προὔχοντα 23.325
; τῷ πρώτῳ.., τῷ δευτέρῳ.., etc., ib. 265sq. ; also inτῶν ἄλλων 2.674
, al.: with Advs.,τὸ πρίν 24.543
, al.;τὸ πάρος περ 17.720
;τὸ πρόσθεν 23.583
; also τὸ τρίτον ib. 733 ;τὰ πρῶτα 1.6
,al.; τὸ μὲν ἄλλο for the rest, 23.454 ;ἀνδρῶν τῶν τότε 9.559
.—The true Art., however, is first fully established in fifth-cent. [dialect] Att., whilst the demonstr. usage disappears, exc. in a few cases, V. A. VI-VIII.—Chief usages, esp. in [dialect] Att.I not only with common Appellats., Adjs., and Parts., to specify them as present to sense or mind, but also freq. where we use the Possessive Pron.,τὸ κέαρ ηὐφράνθην Ar.Ach.5
; τὴν κεφαλὴν κατεάγην my head was broken, And.1.61, etc. ; τοὺς φίλους ποιούμεθα we make our friends, S.Ant. 190 ; τὰς πόλεις ἔκτιζον they began founding their cities, Th.1.12; .b omitted with pr.nn.and freq. with Appellats. which require no specification, as θεός, βασιλεύς, v. θεός 1.1, βασιλεύς III ; ἐμ πόλει in the Acropolis, IG12.4.1, al.: but added to pr. nn., when attention is to be called to the previous mention of the person, as Th. (3.70 ) speaks first of Πειθίας and then refers to him repeatedly as ὁ Π.; cf. Θράσυλος in Id.8.104, with ὁ Θ. ib. 105 ; or when the person spoken of is to be specially distinguished, Ζεύς, ὅστις ὁ Ζεύς whoever this Zeus is, E.Fr. 480 ; and therefore properly omitted when a special designation follows, as Σωκράτης ὁ φιλόσοφος: seldom in Trag. with pr. nn., save to give pecul. emphasis, like Lat. ille, ὁ Λάϊος, ὁ Φοῖβος, S.OT 729, El.35, etc.: later, however, the usage became very common (the Homeric usage of ὁ with a pr. n. is different, v. A.I).c Aristotle says Σωκράτης meaning the historical Socrates, as in SE183b7, PA642a28, al., but ὁ Σωκράτης when he means the Platonic Socrates, as Pol.1261a6, al.: so with other pr.nn., EN1145a21, 1146a21, al.2 in a generic sense, where the individual is treated as a type,οἷς ὁ γέρων μετέῃσιν.. λεύσσει Il.3.109
;πονηρὸν ὁ συκοφάντης D.18.242
, etc.b freq. with abstract Nouns,ἥ τε ἐλπὶς καὶ ὁ ἔρως Th.3.45
, etc.3 of outstanding members of a class, ὁ γεωγράφος, ὁ κωμικός, ὁ ποιητής, ὁ τεχνικός, v. γεωγράφος, κωμικός, ποιητής, τεχνικός.4 with infs., which thereby become Substs., τὸ εἴργειν prevention, Pl.Grg. 505b ; τὸ φρονεῖν good sense, S.Ant. 1348(anap.), etc.: when the subject is expressed it is put between the Art.and the inf., τὸ θεοὺς εἶναι the existence of gods, Pl.Phd. 62b ; τὸ μηδένα εἶναι ὄλβιον the fact or statement that no one is happy, Hdt.1.86.5 in neut. before any word or expression which itself is made the object of thought, τὸ ἄνθρωπος the word or notion man ; τὸ λέγω the word λέγω ; τὸ μηδὲν ἄγαν the sentiment 'ne quid nimis', E.Hipp. 265(lyr.); τὸ τῇ αὐτῇ the phrase τῇ αὐτῇ, Pl.Men. 72e : and so before whole clauses, ἡ δόξα.. περὶ τοῦ οὕστινας δεῖ ἄρχειν the opinion about the question 'who ought to rule', Id.R. 431e ; τὸ ἐὰν μένητε παρ' ἐμοί, ἀποδώσω the phrase 'I will give back, if.. ', X.Cyr. 5.1.21, cf. Pl.R. 327c, etc.;τοὺς τοῦ τί πρακτέον λογισμούς D.23.148
; τὸ ὀλίγοι the term few, Arist.Pol. 1283b11.6 before relat. clauses, when the Art. serves to combine the whole relat. clause into one notion, τῇ ᾗ φὴς σὺ σκληρότητι the harshness you speak of, Pl.Cra. 435a ; τὸν ἥμερον καρπόν.., καὶ τὸν ὅσος ξύλινος (i.e. καὶ τὸν καρπὸν ὅσος ἂν ᾖ ξύλινος) Id.Criti. 115b ;τῶν ὅσοι ἂν.. ἀγαθοὶ κριθῶσιν Id.R. 469b
;ἐκ γῆς καὶ πυρὸς μείξαντες καὶ τῶν ὅσα πυρὶ καὶ γῇ κεράννυται Id.Prt. 320d
, cf. Hyp.Lyc.2 ;ταύτην τε τὴν αἰτίαν καὶ τὴν ὅθεν ἡ κίνησις Arist.Metaph. 987a8
;τὸν ὃς ἔφη Lys.23.8
: hence the relat., by attraction, freq. follows the case of the Art., τοῖς οἵοις ἡμῖν τε καὶ ὑμῖν, i.e. τοῖς οὖσιν οἷοι ἡμεῖς καὶ ὑμεῖς, X.HG2.3.25, etc.7 before Prons.,a before the pers. Prons., giving them greater emphasis, but only in acc., ,Phlb. 20b ; τὸν.. σὲ καὶ ἐμέ ib. 59b ; ; on ὁ αὐτός, v. αὐτός 111.b before the interrog. Pron. (both τίς and ποῖος), referring to something before, which needs to be more distinctly specified, A.Pr. 251, Ar. Pax 696 ; also τὰ τί; because οἷα went before, ib. 693. Of τίς only the neut. is thus used (v.supr.): ποῖος is thus used not only in neut. pl., τὰ ποῖα; E.Ph. 707 ; but also in the other genders, ὁ ποῖος; ib. 1704 ; τῆς ποίας μερίδος; D.18.64 ; τοῖς ποίοις.. ; Arist.Ph. 227b1.c with τοιοῦτος, τοιόσδε, τηλικοῦτος, etc., the Art. either makes the Pron. into a Subst., that sort of person,X.
Mem.4.2.21, etc.; or subjoins it to a Subst. which already has an Art.,τὴν ἀπολογίαν τὴν τοιαύτην D.41.13
.8 before ἅπας, Pi.N.1.69, Hdt.3.64, 7.153 (s.v.l.), S.OC 1224 (lyr.), D.18.231, etc.; also τὸν ἕνα, τὸν ἕνα τοῦτον, Arist.Pol. 1287b8, 1288a19 : on its usage with ἕκαστος, v. sub voc.; and on οἱ ἄλλοι, οἱ πολλοί, etc., v. ἄλλος 11.6,πολύς 11.3
, etc.II elliptic expressions:1 before the gen. of a pr.<*>., to express descent, son or daughter, Θουκυδίδης ὁ Ὀλόρου (sc. υἱός) Th.4.104 ; Ἑλένη ἡ τοῦ Διός (sc. θυγάτηρ) E.Hel. 470 : also to denote other relationships, e.g. brother, Lys.32.24, Alciphr.2.2.10 ; ἡ Σμικυθίωνος Μελιστίχη M. the wife of S., Ar.Ec.46 ; Κλέαρχος καὶ οἱ ἐκείνου Cl. and his men, X.An.1.2.15 ; ὁ τοῦ Ἀντιγένεος the slave of A., Hp.Hum.20.2 generally, before a gen. it indicates a wider relation, as τὸ τῶν νεῶν, τὸ τῶν Ἑρμῶν, the matter of the ships, the affair of the Hermae, Th.4.23,6.60 ; τὰ τοῦ Ἀρριβαίου πράσσειν to promote the interests of Arrhibaeus, Id.4.83, cf. 6.89, etc.; τὸ τῆς τύχης,=ἡ τύχη, Id.4.18 ; τὰ τῆς τύχης accidents, chance events, ib.55 ; τὰ γὰρ φθιτῶν τοῖς ὁρῶσι κόσμος performance of the rites due to the dead befits the living, E.Supp.78(lyr.); τὰ τῶν θεῶν that which is destined by the gods, S.Tr. 498(lyr.): hence with neut. of Possessive Pron., τὸ ἐμόν, τὸ σόν, what regards me or thee, my or thy business or interests, S.Aj. 124, El. 251, etc.: and with gen. of 3 pers.,τὸ τῆσδε E.Hipp.48
. But τό τινος is freq. also, a man's word or saying, asτὸ τοῦ Σόλωνος Hdt.1.86
; τὸ τοῦ Ὁμήρου as Homer says, Pl.Tht. 183e ; also τά τινος so-and-so's house, Ar.V. 1432, D.54.7, Theoc.2.76, Herod.5.52, Ev.Luc.2.49.3 very freq. with cases governed by Preps.. αἱ ἐκ τῆς Ζακύνθου νῆες the ships from Zacynthus, Th.4.13 ; οἱ ἀμφί τινα, οἱ περί τινα, such an one and his followers, v. ἀμφί c.1.3, περί c.1.2 ; also τὰ ἐπὶ Θρᾴκης the Thrace-ward district, Th.1.59, al.; τὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ καταστρώματος matters on deck, Id.7.70 ; τὰ ἀπ' Ἀλκιβιάδου the proposals of Alcibiades, Id.8.48 ; τὰ ἀπὸ τῆς τύχης the incidents of fortune, Id.2.87, etc.4 on μὰ τόν, μὰ τήν, etc., v. μά IV.5 in elliptical phrases, ἐπορευόμην τὴν ἔξω τείχους (sc. ὁδόν) Pl.Ly. 203a ; ἡ ἐπὶ θανάτῳ (sc. στολή, δέσις), v. θάνατος; κατὰ τὴν ἐμήν (sc. γνώμην), v. ἐμός 11.4 ; ἡ αὔριον (sc. ἡμέρα), v. αὔριον; ἡ Λυδιστί (sc. ἁρμονία) Arist.Pol. 1342b32, etc.: freq. with Advs., which thus take an adj. sense, as ὁ, ἡ, τὸ νῦν;ὁ οἴκαδε πλοῦς Th.1.52
; οἱ τότε, οἱ ἔπειτα (sc. ἄνθρωποι), ib.9,10, etc. ; but τό stands abs. with Advs. of time and place, when one cannot (as in the preceding instances) supply a Subst., asκἀκεῖσε καὶ τὸ δεῦρο E.Ph. 266
, cf.[315] (lyr.);ὁ μὲν τὸ κεῖθεν, ὁ δὲ τὸ κεῖθεν Id.Or. 1412
(lyr.): rarely abs. in gen., ἰέναι τοῦ πρόσω to go forward, X.An.1.3.1 ;τοῦ προσωτάτω δραμεῖν S.Aj. 731
.C as RELATIVE PRONOUN in many dialects ; both in nom. sg. masc. ὅ, asκλῦθί μοι, ὃ χθιζὸς θεὸς ἤλυθες Od.2.262
, cf. 1.300, al. ;Ἔρως, ὃ κατ' ὀμμάτων στάζεις πόθον E.Hipp. 526
(lyr.);Ἄδωνις, ὃ κἠν Ἀχέροντι φιλεῖται Theoc.15.86
; ὃ ἐξορύξη he who banishes him, Schwyzer679.12,25 ([place name] Cyprus) ; and in the forms beginning with τ, esp. in Hom. (Od.4.160, al.), Hdt.1.7, al.: also in [dialect] Ion. Poets,ἐν τῷ κάθημαι Archil.87.3
, cf. Semon.7.3, Anacr.86 (prob.), Herod.2.64, al.: freq. in Trag., , Tr. 381, 728, E.Alc. 883 (anap.);τῷ S.Ph.14
; , Tr.47, El. 1144 ; τό Id.OT 1427 ; τῶν ib. 1379, Ant. 1086.—Never in Com. or [dialect] Att. Prose:—[dialect] Ep. gen. sg.τεῦ Il.18.192
(s.v.l.).D CRASIS OF ARTICLE:a [dialect] Att. ὁ, ἡ, τό, with [pron. full] ᾰ make ᾱ, as ἁνήρ, ἁλήθεια, τἀγαθόν, τᾄτιον; so οἱ, αἱ, τά, as ἅνδρες, τἀγαθά; also τοῦ, τῷ, as τἀγαθοῦ, τἀγαθῷ: ὁ, τό, οἱ, before e gives ου, οὑξ, οὑπί, οὑμός, τοὔργον, οὑπιχώριοι, etc.; also τοῦ, as τοὐμοῦ, τοὐπιόντος; but ἅτερος, θάτερον ([pron. full] ¯ ?ὁX?ὁX), [dialect] Ion. οὕτερος, τοὔτερον (v. ἕτερος), [dialect] Att. fem. ἡτέρα, dat. θητέρᾳ (v. ἕτερος); τῷ loses the iota, τὠμῷ, τὠπιόντι: ὁ, τό, before ο gives ου, as Οὁδυσσεύς, Οὑλύμπιος, τοὔνομα: ὁ, τό, etc., before αυ gives ᾱυ, αὑτός, ταὐτό, ταὐτῷ (freq. written ἁτός, etc. in Inscrr. and Pap.); so τὰ αὐτά=ταὐτά, αἱ αὐταί= αὑταί: ἡ before εὐ gives ηὑ, as ηὑλάβεια: τῇ before ἡ gives θη, as θἠμέρᾳ: τὸ before ὑ gives θου, as θοὔδωρ for τὸ ὕδωρ. -
54 ἐρέας
Grammatical information: n. pl.?Etymology: With the exception of ἐρέας all forms can be explained from *ἔρος n., which with ἔρνος `sprout' may belong to ὄρνυμι. So probably to be corrected to ἔρεα. A masc. *ἐρής would be difficult, in spite of Bechtel Dial. 1, 205. To ὄρνυμι, where one expects * h₃r- however.Page in Frisk: 1,549Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐρέας
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55 κόρυδος
κόρυδος (- δός)Grammatical information: m. (f.)Meaning: `(crested) lark, Alauda cristata' (Ar., Pl., Arist.); enlarged forms with ν- and λ(λ)-suffixes (Chantraine Formation 360f. a. 246f.):;Other forms: κάρυδοι καρύδαλοι H.Derivatives: κορυδῶνες pl. (Arist. HA 609a 7; cf. below), κορύδαλ(λ)ος (Arist.; v. l. - αλλός), - αλλός (Theoc., Babr.), - αλλά (Epich., sicil. inscr.), - αλλίς (Simon., Theoc.). PN Κόρυδος, - ύδων, - υδαλλός, - υδεύς (s. Boßhardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 132).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: To κόρυς `helm' with δο-suffix (cf. the simlar instances in Schwyzer 508 and Chantraine 359); a t-enlargement perhaps in a German. word for `deer', e. g. OS hirot, OHG hiruz (IE. *ḱeru-d-). Cf. with - θ- (as in κόρυθ-): κόρυθος εἷς τις τῶν τροχίλων and κορύθων ἀλεκτρυών H. - The form κορυδῶνες (s. above) can hardly be correct; one expects *κορυδόνες (as χελιδόνες etc.) or evtl. κορύδωνες. - See on κόρυδος etc. Thompson Birds s. κορύδαλος. The form κάρυδος is the older one: α \> [ο] before following υ (so not to be `corrected, as Fur. 345, who had not seen the rule); so derivation from κόρυς is impossible. Note that - αλ(λ)- is also a Pre-Greek suffix (*-aly-), s. Beekes, FS Kortlandt.See also: Weiteres s. κόρυς.Page in Frisk: 1,924Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κόρυδος
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56 ὀδύνη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `pain, torment, harm, sorrow' (Il.).Other forms: mostly pl. - αι.Compounds: As 2. member, e.g. περι-ώδυνος `very sore, painful' (Hp., Att.; - ω- comp. lengthening with περιωδυν-ία f. (Hp., Pl.), - έω, also (after ὀδυνάω) - άω (medic.); rarely as 1. member as in ὀδυνή-φατος ( ὀδυνήφατα φάρμακα Ε 401 = 900, also ὀ-ον ῥίζαν Λ 847; after this Orph. L. 345, 753) `pain-killing, -stilling', poet. incidental formation after ἀρηΐ-φατος a.o., but with remarkable active meaning (cf. Chantraine Sprache 1,145; after Risch $ 73 a prop. a consonantstem).Derivatives: ὀδυν-ηρός, Dor. - ᾶρός `dolorous, sorrowful' (Pi., Att.), - ωδῶς adv. `sorrowfully' (Gal.), - αίτερος `more painful' (Hp.) as from *ὀδυναῖος after σχολαίτερος (: [ σχολαῖος:] σχολή) a.o. (Schwyzer 534); ὀδυνάω, - άομαι, rarely with ἐξ-, κατ-, `to hurt, to grieve; to be hurt, to suffer pain' (IA.) with ὀδυνήματα pl. `pains' (Hp.).Etymology: Beside IA. ὀδύνη (orig. pl. tant. ?; Witte Glotta 2, 18f.) stands Aeol. (Greg. Cor. 597) ἐδύνας (acc. pl.); the vowel change can go back on old ablaut or on vowel-assimilation (ε \> ο before υ; cf. Schwyzer 255). Both forms are ᾱ-enlargements of a verbal noun in -u̯en-: - un- from ἐδ- `eat' ( curae edaces Hor., Lith. ėdžiótis `trouble oneself' beside ēdžióti `devour, bite', to ė́sti `eat'; on it Fraenkel Wb. s. v.), to which the ablauting -u̯er-: -u̯r̥-: - ur- in εἶδαρ \> *ἔδ-Ϝαρ `eating, food' (s. on ἔδω, with Skt. cognates) and ὀδύρομαι (s. v.). A further representative of this noun is Arm. erkn, gen. erkan `birth-pain, heavy pain' from *ed-u̯ōn or *ed-u̯ēn, s. Frisk Etyma Armen. 11 ff. w. details. -- Not wit L. Meyer 1, 523 f. and Prellwitz to δύη. However the initial was h₃-, as in ὀδών (s.v.); cf. Beekes in Kortlandt, Armeniaca Cf. ὠδίς.Page in Frisk: 2,350-351Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὀδύνη
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57 πέτομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to fly' (Il.).Other forms: Aor. πτάσθαι, πτέσθαι (all Il.); to this pres. πέταμαι (poet. since Sapph., Arist.) with aor. πετασθῆναι (Arist., LXX), ἴπταμαι (late; s. v.); aor. act. πτῆναι, ptc. πτάς etc. (poet. Hes., also hell. prose); fut. πτήσομαι (IA.), πετήσομαι (Ar.), perf. κατ-έπτηκα (Men.).Compounds: Very often w. prefix, e.g. ἀνα-, ἀπο-, δια-, εἰσ-, ἐκ-, κατα-, ὑπερ-. Compounds: a. - πέτης, Dor. - πέτας m.., e.g. ὑψι-πέτης, - ας m. `flying high' (Hom., Pi.), enlarged - ήεις (Hom.); b. - πετής, e.g. ὑπερπετ-ής `flying over' (hell.); c. ἐκπετ-ήσιμος `ready to fly' (Ar. a.o.; hypothesis on the formation in Arbenz 60); d. ἀερσι-πότης and - πότη-τος `flying high' (Hes., AP, Norm.); in spite of Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 95 rather to ποτάομαι as from ποτή.Derivatives: 1. ποτή f. `flying, flight' (ε 337, h. Merc. 544 [v. l. πτερύγεσσι]); 2. πτῆσις f. `id.' (A., Arist.) with πτήσιμος (Jul.; Arbenz 61); πτῆμα n. `id.' (Suid.). 3. Adj. w. νο-suffix: a. πτηνός, Dor. πτᾱνός `winged, fledged' (Pi., trag., Pl.); b. πετεινός, - ηνός `id.' (Thgn.; Πετήνη Att. shipsname [inscr.]), hardly from *πέτος (cf. Chantraine Form. 196, Benveniste Origines 14), but rather direct from πέτομαι after φαεινός, ὀρεινός a.o.; πετηνός after πτηνός?; c. πετε-ηνός, - εινός `id.' (Il.), w. diektasis (Risch $ 35 d); d. ποτᾱνός `id.' (Pi., Epich., trag. in lyr.; - ηνός ep. poetry in Pl. Phdr. 252 b), prob. rather after ποτάομαι as with Detschew KZ 63, 228 from the rare ποτή. -- 4. Deverbat.: ποτάομαι, - έομαι, also w. ἀμφι-, περι-, ἐκ- a.o., `to fly, to flap' (Il.); πωτάομαι, also w. ἐκ-, ἐπι-, ὑπερ-, `id.' (Μ 287, h. Ap. 442 a.o.; cf. Schwyzer 719 n. 3); to this πωτήεις `flapping' (Nonn.), also πωτήματα pl. `flight' (A. Eu. 250; usu. with Dindorf corrected in ποτ-). -- On πτερόν, πτέρυξ s. vv.Etymology: Beside the thematic πέτ-ο-μαι, πτ-έ-σθαι stands the athematic zero grade root-aorist πτά-σθαι, ἔ-πτα-το, πτά-μενος wie φθά-μενος ( φθί-μενος, φθί-σθαι, ἔ-φθι-το). The corresponding full grade in πτῆ-ναι, ἔ-πτᾱ-ν, πτή-σομαι can be old (s. however below). More doubtful is the originality of the disyll. πέτα-μαι, as analogy to πτά-σθαι after πτέ-σθαι: πέτο-μαι may be considered. Certain innovations are ἴπταμαι (after ἵσταμαι) and πετή-σομαι (after πέτομαι). Details w. lit. in Schwyzer 742 a. 681 w. n. 9. -- With πέτομαι agree formally, partly also semantically, Skt., OIr., Lat. a. Celt. forms, e.g. Skt. pátati, Av. pataiti `fly, fall, attack, hurry etc.', Lat. petō `move somewhere, hurry, look for, desire', OWelsh hedant `volant'; doubtful on the contrary the in any case diff. built Hitt. piddāi- (pittii̯ami, pittāizzi usw.) `run, hurry, flee'. Thus ποτέομαι and Skt. patáyati `fly, hurry' agree; however πωτάομαι is independent of Skt. pātáyati `let fall, throw down'. Further the Greek a. Skt. systems are apart. Beside the zero grade thematic Aorist πτ-έσθαι, ἐ-πτ-όμην stands in Skt. an also zero grade and thematic but reduplicated aor. a-pa-pt-at. The zero grade πτᾰ- in πτά-σθαι is found in forms like pa-pti-ma (pf. 1. pl.) (IE pth₂-); the corresponding full grade ptā- is however not represented in Skt. (so πτῆ-ναι analogical after φθῆ-ναι, στῆ-ναι a.o.?, Schwyzer 742). Thus the disyll. πετᾰ- in πέτα-μαι and pati- (e.g. fut. pati-ṣyáti) go without historical connection side by side. -- Further forms w. rich lit. in WP. 2, 19ff., Pok. 825f., W.-Hofmann s. petō. Cf. πίπτω, not πίτυλος.Page in Frisk: 2,521-522Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πέτομαι
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58 высота
altitude, height
(cm.pис.123)
- (астрономическая) — altitude (h)
in astronomy, angular displacement above the horizon.
- (габаритная) — height
- (над впп указываемая во взпетно-посадочных характеристиках) — height
- (поверхности или точки земли относительно уровня моря) — elevation the vertical distance of а point or а level on or affixed to the surface of the earth, measured from sea level.
- (полета) — altitude the elevation of an aircraft.
specified as above sl or above ground over which it flies.
-, абсолютная (полета ла) — true altitude
высота, изморенная от уровенной поверхности земного сфероида (ур.м.) до ла. — actual height above sea level, calibrated altitude corrected for air temperature.
-, абсолютная, барометрическая — true altitude
-, абсолютная критическая — critical altitude
- аэродрома (относительно уровня моря, над уровнем моря) — aerodrome elevation (-s.l.) the elevation of the highest point of the landing area.
-, аэродрома, барометрическая — aerodrome altitude
высота относительно уровня давления атмосферы (изобарической поверхности), устанавливаемого по шкале давления высотомера.
-, барометрическая — (pressure) altitude
атмосферное давление, выраженное в единицах высоты, соответствующей этому давлению (по мса). — the altitude corresponding to а given pressure in а standard atmosphere.
- барометрическая, (в метрах) — (... -meter) pressure equivalent altitude
-, безопасная, минимальная — minimum safe altitude (msa), safety height
высота, ниже которой не обеспечивается безопасность полета no приборам, ввиду напичия возвышенностей на пролeгаемой местности, — the altitude (height) below which it is hazardous to fly, in instrument flying conditions, owing to presence of high ground.
- безопасного полета над препятствиями, минимальная (рис. 112) — obstacle clearance limit (ocl)
- безопасного полета по приборам, минимальная — minimum instrument flight altitude
- бомбометания — bombing altitude
- в барокамере — pressure altitude
- верхней границы облаков — cloud-top height
- в зоне ожидания (посадки) — holding altitude
-, висения (вертолета) — hover(ing) height
высота, на которой вертолет не меняет своего положения в воздухе относительно к-п, объекта на поверхности под вертолетом. — а height at which the helicopter remains at а fixed роsition in the air with respect to some fixed object.
- в кабине, барометрическая — cabin pressure altitude
система кондиционирования воздуха самолета гражданcкoй авиации должна обеспечивать давление в кабинах, соответствующее высоте 8000 фт (2500 м) на максимальной высоте полета в нормальных условиях, — pressurized cabins and compartments to be occupied must be equipped to provide а cabin pressure altitude of not more than 8,000 feet at the maximum operating altitude of the airplane under normal operating conditions.
- в конце (2, 3) этапа (набора высоты при взлете) — height at end of (second, third) segment second segment-from the lg retraction complete to height of 400 m.
- в момент покидания самолета е парашютом — bailout /jump/ altitude
- всасывания — suction head
- выброски десанта — paradrop altitude
- (начала) выравнивания — flare(-out) altitude
- выравнивания (выхода в горизонтальный полет) — level-off altitude
высота, на которой самолет начинает переход между последним участком захода на посадку, после набора высоты, планирования или пикирования. — altitude at which an aircraft levels off after а climb, glide, or dive.
- выравнивания (перед посадкой) — flare-out height
высота между последним участком захода на посадку и горизонтальным выдерживанием до момента касания впп. — а height at which an airplane initiates transition between final approach and horizontal motion before touchdown.
-, габаритная — overall height
-, геометрическая — height
- головки зуба шестерни — addendum
-, заданная — desired /selected/ altitude
-, заданная, барометрическая — desired pressure altitude
altimeter reading + desired pressure altitude + corrections in ft. vs fl (flight level).
-, заданная по радиовысотомеру — preselected radio altitude height
- запуска всу (в полете) — apu inflight start altitude
- звезды — star altitude angle
-, зенитная — сo-altitude (ас)
угол между вертикалью и линией визирования на звезду. — со-altitude is the angle between vertical and line of sight to a star.
- измеряемая от уровня моря — altitude measured above sea level
-, исправленная (приборная) — calibrated altitude
-, истинная (полета над уровнем местности, над которой пролетает ла) — absolute altitude (above the flyover point) altitude above the actual surface, land or water.
-, кабинная поднимать кабинную в. до...м — cabin (pressure) altitude raise cabin altitude to...m
-, крейсерская — cruising altitude
- крейсерского полета — cruising altitude
постоянная (неизменяемая) высота полета на заданном участке маршрута, измеряемая от уровня моря, — а flight altitude, measured above sea level, proposed for that part of a flight from point to point during which a constant altitude will be maintained.
-, критическая — critical altitude critical aircraft altitude from 200 feet above runway.
- круга (над аэродромом) — (traffic) pattern altitude /height/
- круга (полета по кругу) — circuit flight altitude
-, максимальная рабочая (дв.) — critical altitude
- между вторым и третьим разворотом (при заходе на посадку) — downwind pattern altitude
- между первым и вторым разворотом — crosswind pattern altitude
- между третьим и четвертым разворотом — baseleg pattern altitude
- на маршруте, минимальная — minimum enroute altitude descend to mea if terrain clearance permits.
- над линией отсчета — height above reference zero
- над местностью (относительная) — height
- (полета) над местностью (геометрическая) — terrain clearance
- (полета) над местностью (недостаточная) с учетом конфигурации и скорости самолета — (insufficient) terrain clearance based on aircraft configuration and speed
- над поверхностью земли — height above ground surface
- над порогом впп — height above runway threshold
- над референц-аллипсоидом — height above reference ellipsoid
- над уровнем аэродрома (при взлете, наборе высоты) — height above takeoff surface
- над уровнем аэродрома (при заходе на посадку) — height above landing surface
- над уровнем моря — altitude above sea level
- начала выравнивания (перед приземлением) — flare-out altitude /height/
- начала уборки механизации — height at start of extendable high lift devices retraction
- начала уборки механизации и шасси — height at start of extendable devices retraction
- начала уборки шасси — height at start of landing gear retraction
- нижней кромки облачности (над уровнем земли или водной поверхности) — cloud ceiling height above the ground or water of the base of the lowest layer of cloud.
- ножки зуба шестерни — dedendum
-, нулевая — sea level altitude, zero altitude
высота на уровне моря или при полете в условиях стандартной плотности. — the altitude at sea level or flying in air that is equivalent to standard air density.
- облачности — cloud ceiling
- обледенения — icing altitude
- обязательного отключения автопилота — mandatory autopilot disconnect height
- окончания уборки закрылков, чистая — net height at end of flaps retraction
- окончания уборки механизации — height at end of extendable high lift devices retraction
- окончания уборки шасси, чистая — net height at end of landing gear full retraction
-, опасная (нопасн, задаваемая по радиовысотомеру) — alert altitude movable bug is installed on radio altimeter to set alert altitude.
-, — alt(itude) alert, alt alarm
-, опасная (сигнал) — altitude alert (signal)
-, остаточная (ност) высота начала отсчета высотомера. — residual altitude
- отключения автопилота (при заходе на посадку) — autopilot break-off /disconnect/ height
- откпючения системы управпения автоматическим заходом на посадку — auto-approach break-off height
-, относительная — height
расстояние по вертикали от ла до к-л. определенной уровенной поверхности на земле. — the vertical distance of an aircraft above a specified datum.
-, относительная (относительно уровня аэродрома вылета или посадки) — height (above takeoff or landing surface)
- относительно начала координат (чистая) — (net) height above reference zero
-, относительная барометрическая, высота по давлению у земли (на уровне аэродрома), выставляемая на высотомере перед посадкой — qfe altitude (fe - field elevation) altitude setting to read zero when touched down. atmospheric pressure at aerodrome elevation (or at runway threshold).
- перевода шкалы давления высотомера — transition altitude
- пересечения входной кромки впп — (runway) threshold crossing height
- перехода — transition altitude
высота, при которой производится установка шкалы давления высотомера на давление 1013 мб (760 мм рт.ст) после набора высоты. — when passing the transition altitude set the altimeter to 1013mb,during climb.
- перехода к (напр. посадочной) конфигурации — altitude for transition to (landing) configuration
- — horizontally-sustained step altitude
- площадки (посадочной или взлетной, учитываемая при определении веса ла) — field altitude
- площадки, барометричеcкая (взлетно-посадочной) — (air) field altitude
- по атмосферному давлению, приведенному к уровню моря (при установке шкалы давления высотомера) — qnh altitude nh-natural height altimeter sub-scale setting to obtain elevation when on the ground.
- no давлению у земли (на уровне аэродрома), выставляемая на высотомере перед посадкой — qfe altitude atmospheric pressure at aerodrome elevation (or at runway threshold)
- по плотности (воздуха) — density altitude
when runway length is marginal, or when landing at altitude, compute density altitude.
- no показанию высотомера при установке барометрической шкалы на стандартное (атмосферное) давление — qne altitude ndicated height on landing with altimeter sub-scale set to 1013.2 mb (760 mm hg).
- по радиовысотомеру — radio (altimeter) altitude /height/
- по стандартному атмосферному давлению — qne altitude
- повторного запуска (двигателя в воздухе) — ге-starting altitude, inflight start altitude
- подсоса (насоса) — suction head
- подхода к цепи — height of target approach
- подъема клапана — valve travel
- полета — flight altitude
расстояние по вертикали от уровня, принятого за нуль отсчета, до летательного annapaтa. — а vertical distance from the reference zero level to the aircraft in the air.
- полета на уровне моря — sea level flight altitude
- полета, неизменяемая — constant (flight) altitude
- полета no кругу (над аэродpoмoм) — circuit flight altitude /height/
- полета, постоянная — constant altitude
при крейсерском полете выдерживается постоянная высота. — during а cruising flight the altitude is maintained constant.
-, полная — gross height
геометрическая высота в каждой точке траектории взлета при условии полного градиента набора высоты. — the geometric height attained at any point in takeoff flight path using gross climb performance.
- порога аварийного выхода над полом кабины (не боnee чем...mm) (рис. 102) — emergency exit step-up inside the airplane (of not more than...mm)
- порога аварийного выхода над крылом (рис. 102) — emergency exit step-down outside the airplane
- порога аварийного выхода от земли — emergency exit step-down height (outside the aircraft)
- порога двери (после аварийной посадки с убранной передней опорой) — door sill height (with nose gear collapsed)
- порога двери (после аварийной посадки с убранными шасси) — door sill height (with all gear collapsed)
- порога двери (при нормальном положении ла) — door sill height (in normal altitude)
- предстоящего полета — expected altitude
- преодоления препятствия (hnpen) (рис. 112) — obstacle clearance limit (ocl)
- препятствия (нпреп) (рис. 112) — obstacle height
- при взлете (до высоты 400 м) — takeoff height
- приборная, исправленная — calibrated altitude
- принятия решения, минимапьная (нреш) — decision height (dh), minimum decision altitude (mda)
наименьшая высота, на котарой должно быть принято решение: или продолжать заход на посадку, или начинать маневр ухода на второй круг. — "decision height", with геspect to the operation of aircraft, means the height at which а decision must be made, during an ils or par instrument approach, to either continue the approach or to execute a missed approach.
- принятия решения ухода на второй круг — go-around decision height
- при работе двигателей с впрыском воды, максимальная (при взлете) или на форсажном режиме — maximum wet thrust height
- пропета над местностью — terrain altitude
- пропета над препятствием — obstacle clearance
- пролета над препятствиями в секторе глиссады, безопасная — glide path sector obstacle clearance
- пропета над препятствиями, минимальная — obstacle clearance limit (ocl)
- пролета ппм — waypoint passing altitude
- пролета радиомаркера — marker passing /crossing/ height
-, рабочая — operating altitude
- разгона до околозвуковой скорости — transonic acceleration altitude
- расположения аэродрома (истинная над уровнем моря) — aerodrome elevation
- расположения аэродрома (на графиках рлэ) — aerodrome altitude fig. 1 gives т.о. weight for aerodrome altitude and temperature.
-, расчетная — rated altitude
- решения, заданная по радиовысотомеру — preselected radio altitude decision height
- самолета на стоянке — airplane (overall) height at rest
- сброса (грузов, десанта) — paradrop altitude
- сброса шасси (при копровых испытаниях) — landing gear drop height
- светила — celestial body altitude angle
угол между плоскостью истинного горизонта и напрявлением на светило. высота светила измеряется дугой вертикали светила от истинного горизонта до места светипа в пределах от о до +90 (положительное значение к зениту от горизонта, отрицательное - к надиру). — angular displacement above the horizon, the area of a vertical circle between the horizon and a point on the celestial sphere, measured upward from the horizon.
- свободного сброса шасси (при копровых испытаниях) — landing gear free drop height
- срабатывания (к-л. устройства, срабатывающего при достижении определенной высоты) — response altitude
- срабатывания взрывателя — fuzing altitude
- средняя — mean height
-, текущая — present altitude
- уборки механизации (и шасси) — extendable devices retraction height
- условного препятствия (при взлете, посадке) — screen height
- установившегося полета — sustained altitude
- установки шкалы давления высотомера (высота перехода) — transition altitude
- установки высотомера на к-л. заданную высоту — altimeter setting altitude
- установки подвижного индекса высотомера на заданную высоту (напр. высоту принятия решения) — altimeter setting altitude when the aircraft passes through the altitude setting of the radio altimeter mda bug, a minimus voice alert is given.
- ухода на второй круг — missed-approach altitude /height/
минимальная высота, на которой должен быть начат маневр ухода на второй круг, — missed-approach altitude is the minimum height аt which final approach should be discontinued if it cannot be completed.
-, чистая — net height
геометрическая высота в лю6ой точке траектории взлета при соблюдении условий чистого набора высоты, — the geometric height attained at any point in the takeoff flight path using net climb performance.
-, чистая, относительная — net height
- щетки (электрической машины) — brush length
- эшелона (нэш) — flight level
отсчитывается от условного уровня, кот. соответствует стандарт. атмосф. давлению 760 мм рт. ст. — measured above the referепсе datum corresponding to atmospheric pressure of 760 mm hg.
- эшелона, заданная — preset flight level
- эшелона перехода — transition level
высота, при которой шкала давления высотомера устанавливается с давления 1013 мб (760 мм рт.ст.) на давление на уровне аэродрома, при заходе на посадку. — at the transition level the pilot sets the altimeter to actual qnh. the change in altimeter setting from 1013 mb to local qnh can be made when an approach clearance is issued.
диапазон в. — altitude range
потеря в. — loss of altitude
на всех в. — at any (appropriate) altitude
с набором в. — in climb
с потерей в. — in descent
с увеличением (уменьшением) в. — with increase (decrease) in altitude
висеть на в.... метров от земли — hover at а height of... meters from the ground
выдерживать в. — maintain altitude
занимать (заданную) в. — reach (pre-selected) altitude
лететь над в. перехода — fly above transition altitude
лететь ниже опасной в. — fly below minimum safe altitude /height/, fly at unsafe altitude
набирать в. — climb
поднимать в. в кабине до... м — raise cabin altitude to... m
регулировать no в. (сиденье летчика) — adjust for height
сообщать о достижении в.... метров — report reaching... meters
сообщать об уходе (снижении) с в.... метров — report leaving meters
терять в. — lose altitude, descend
увеличивать в. — increase altitude, climbРусско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > высота
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59 short-interval scheduling
Opsa technique for assigning a planned quantity of work to a workstation, to be completed in a specific time. Short-interval scheduling was pioneered during the 1930s by large mailorder houses in the United States and was widely used in the 1950s to provide greater control of routine and semi-routine processes through regular checks of individual performance over short spans of time. Shortinterval scheduling enables productivity to be improved, as all delays can be identified and corrected at an early stage.The ultimate business dictionary > short-interval scheduling
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60 رد
رَدَّ \ repay: to pay back (money that has been lent). \ See Also سَدَّدَ الدَّين \ رَدَّ (على) \ answer: to speak or write in return: Answer me (my question, my letter). Why don’t you answer when I call?, (the telephone, the door, the bell), to go (to it) and see what is wanted answer back. to answer rudely (when one is corrected):: If your teacher says ‘be quiet’ you should not answer (him) back refund. to give back (money that one has paid):: The new clock would not work, so the shop refunded my money reply. to answer: repulse. to drive back (an enemy) refuse (a friendly offer). \ See Also أجاب (أَجَابَ)، رَدَّ بِوَقاحَة \ رَدَّ بسُرعة وَحِدَّة \ retort: to answer quickly and angrily, esp. when one is blamed for sth.. \ رَدَّ الجَميل \ repay: to show one’s thanks (by doing sth. in return): How can I repay (you for) your kindness?. \ رَدَّ الصَّدَى \ echo: to repeat (a sound); make an echo: His voice echoed in the empty hall. The walls echoed his voice.
См. также в других словарях:
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