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1 calamitōsus
calamitōsus adj. with comp. and sup. [calamitas], causing loss, damaging, ruinous, destructive, disastrous, pernicious, calamitous: pestis tempestasque: calamitosissimum bellum: plebi incendium, S.: quid (hac clade) calamitosius?—Suffering damage, unfortunate, miserable, unhappy: agri vectigal: calamitosum est bonis everti, calamitosius cum dedecore: fama: occurrere calamitosis, to succor the unfortunate.* * *calamitosa, calamitosum ADJcalamitous; ruinous, destructive; liable to damage/disaster; damaged/miserable -
2 fūnestus
fūnestus adj. with comp. [funus], causing death, deadly, fatal, destructive, pernicious, calamitous, mournful, dismal: eius securis: templis funestos ignīs inferre: tabes veneni, O.: taxus, O.: scelus, Ph.: funestior dies pugnae: o diem funestum senatui.— Filled with misfortune, fatal, mournful, sad: capilli, O.: manūs, i. e. of a mourner, O.: familia Fabi morte, in mourning, L.: annales, i. e. lists of the dead, L.: littera, mourning, O.: omen, Pr.: funestum est a forti viro iugulari, funestius ab eo, etc.* * *funesta, funestum ADJdeadly, fatal; sad; calamitous; destructive -
3 amārus
amārus adj. with comp, bitter, pungent: salices, V.: calices amariores, Ct.: Doris, i. e. the brackish sea, V.—Fig., bitter, afflicting, sad: casūs, O.: amores dulces, V.— Plur n. as subst, bitternesses, bitter things: amara Temperat risu, H.: curarum, H. — Bitter, caustic, severe: dicta, O.— Relentless: hostis, V.—Morose, ill-natured: mulieres, T.: amariorem me senectus facit.* * *amara -um, amarior -or -us, amarissimus -a -um ADJbitter, brackish, pungent; harsh, shrill; sad, calamitous; ill-natured, caustic -
4 asper
asper era, erum (poet., abl plur. aspris, V.), adj. with comp. and sup. [ab + spes], without hope, adverse, calamitous, troublesome, cruel, perilous: tempora: oppugnatio, Cs.: mala res, spes multo asperior, S.: venatus, V.: fata, V. — As subst: aspera multa pertulit, hardships, H. — Of nature and character, rough, harsh, hard, violent, unkind, cruel: homo naturā: Iuno, V.: iuvenis monitoribus, H.: asperrimi ad condicionem pacis, L.: rebus non asper egenis, V.: cladibus asper, exasperated, O.: doctrina asperior: fores, i. e. of a cruel mistress, H.: Asperior tribulis (Galatea). more unfeeling, O. — Wild, savage, fierce: (anguis) siti, V.: tactu leo, H.: facetiae.—Of climate, harsh, severe: caelo Germania, Ta.: hiemps, S.: asperrimo hiemis, in the depth, Ta. — Of style, harsh: oratio. — Rough, uneven: regio: loca, Cs.: rura dumis, V.: rubus, prickly, V.: aequora ventis, H.: pocula signis, i. e. wrought in relief, V.: frons cornu, O.: capilli (i. e. hirsuti), H.: maria, stormy, V.: vinum, harsh, T.: pronuntiationis genus, rough: littera, i. e. the letter r, O.* * *Iaspera -um, asperior -or -us, asperrimus -a -um ADJrude/unrefined; cruel/violent/savage/raging/drastic; stern/severe/bitter; hard; rough/uneven/shaggy, coarse, harsh; embossed/encrusted; (mint condition coins); sharp/pointed, jagged/irregular, rugged/severe; sour, pungent, grating, keenIIaspra -um, asprior -or -us, asprissimus -a -um ADJrough/uneven, coarse/harsh; sharp/pointed; rude; savage; pungent; keen; bitter -
5 īn-fēlīx
īn-fēlīx īcis, adj. with comp. and sup, unfruitful, not fertile, barren: lolium, V.: tellus frugibus, V.: foliis oleaster, V.: arbori infelici suspendere, hang on the accursed tree, hang, crucify, L.— Unfortunate, ill-fated, unhappy, miserable: adulescentulus, T.: ego, S.: crux infelici comparabatur: homo infelicissimus: animi Phoenissa, V.: faber operis summā, H.: Infelix, qui non Audierit, etc., V.: infelicior domi quam militiae, L.—Causing misfortune, unlucky, calamitous: Erinys, O.: vates, prophetess of ill, V.: erga plebem studium, L.: paupertas, Iu.: alqs rei p. -
6 lūctificus
lūctificus adj. [luctus+2 FAC-], causing sorrow, doleful, baleful: clades, C. poët.: Alecto, V.* * *luctifica, luctificum ADJdire, calamitous -
7 aerumnabilis
aerumnābĭlis, e, adj. [aerumna], that may be regarded as wretched or miserable, full of trouble, calamitous, * Lucr. 6, 123; App. M. 1, p. 102; 8, p. 205. -
8 amarum
ămārus, a, um, adj. [cf. ômos; Sanscr. āmas = raw, amlas = sour; Germ. Ampfer = sorrel, Curtius; cf. Heb., mar = bitter], bitter (syn. acerbus).I.Lit., of tasto (opp. dulcis):B.absinthi latex,
Lucr. 1, 941; 4, [p. 101] 15:amara atque aspera,
id. 2, 404:sensusjudicat dulce, amarum,
Cic. Fin. 2, 12; so id. N. D. 3, 13:salices,
pungent, Verg. E. 1, 79: Doris amara, brackish, i. e. the sea, id. ib. 10, 5:os,
bitter taste in the mouth, Cels. 1, 3:calices amariores,
i. e. harsh wine, Cat. 27, 2:aquae amarissimae,
Vulg. Num. 5, 18.—Transf.1. 2. II.Trop.A.Calamitous, unpleasant, sad (mostly poet.):B.amara dies et nectis amarior umbra,
Tib. 2, 4, 11:casus,
Ov. Tr. 5, 4, 15; so,amara mors,
Vulg. 1 Reg. 15, 32:amores dulces aut amari,
Verg. E. 3, 110:amarissimae leges necessitatis,
Val. Max. 7, 6:amaritudo mea amarissima,
Vulg. Isa. 38, 17.— Subst. plur., bitterness, bitter things:et amara laeto Temperet risu,
Hor. C. 2, 16, 26:amara curarum,
id. ib. 4, 12, 19.—Of speech, bitter, biting, acrimonious, sarcastic, caustic, severe:C.dictis amaris,
Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 31; so,scriptis,
id. P. 4, 14, 37:hostis,
Verg. A. 10, 900:sales,
Quint. 10, 1, 117.—Of conduct, morose, ill - natured, sour, irritable: mulieres, * Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 88:a.amariorem me senectus facit,
Cic. Att. 14, 21.— Adv., bitterly, in three forms:ămārē, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 78; Sen. Ben. 5, 23; Vulg. Isa. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 75.— Comp., Macr. Somn. Scip. 2, 1.— Sup., Suet. Tib. 54.—* b.ămā-rĭter, Hier. Ep. 23.—c.ămārum, App. M. 6, p. 178, 26; Amm. 21, 9 fin. -
9 amarus
ămārus, a, um, adj. [cf. ômos; Sanscr. āmas = raw, amlas = sour; Germ. Ampfer = sorrel, Curtius; cf. Heb., mar = bitter], bitter (syn. acerbus).I.Lit., of tasto (opp. dulcis):B.absinthi latex,
Lucr. 1, 941; 4, [p. 101] 15:amara atque aspera,
id. 2, 404:sensusjudicat dulce, amarum,
Cic. Fin. 2, 12; so id. N. D. 3, 13:salices,
pungent, Verg. E. 1, 79: Doris amara, brackish, i. e. the sea, id. ib. 10, 5:os,
bitter taste in the mouth, Cels. 1, 3:calices amariores,
i. e. harsh wine, Cat. 27, 2:aquae amarissimae,
Vulg. Num. 5, 18.—Transf.1. 2. II.Trop.A.Calamitous, unpleasant, sad (mostly poet.):B.amara dies et nectis amarior umbra,
Tib. 2, 4, 11:casus,
Ov. Tr. 5, 4, 15; so,amara mors,
Vulg. 1 Reg. 15, 32:amores dulces aut amari,
Verg. E. 3, 110:amarissimae leges necessitatis,
Val. Max. 7, 6:amaritudo mea amarissima,
Vulg. Isa. 38, 17.— Subst. plur., bitterness, bitter things:et amara laeto Temperet risu,
Hor. C. 2, 16, 26:amara curarum,
id. ib. 4, 12, 19.—Of speech, bitter, biting, acrimonious, sarcastic, caustic, severe:C.dictis amaris,
Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 31; so,scriptis,
id. P. 4, 14, 37:hostis,
Verg. A. 10, 900:sales,
Quint. 10, 1, 117.—Of conduct, morose, ill - natured, sour, irritable: mulieres, * Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 88:a.amariorem me senectus facit,
Cic. Att. 14, 21.— Adv., bitterly, in three forms:ămārē, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 78; Sen. Ben. 5, 23; Vulg. Isa. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 75.— Comp., Macr. Somn. Scip. 2, 1.— Sup., Suet. Tib. 54.—* b.ămā-rĭter, Hier. Ep. 23.—c.ămārum, App. M. 6, p. 178, 26; Amm. 21, 9 fin. -
10 Asper
1.asper, ĕra, ĕrum, adj. (aspra = aspera, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299, but Vahl. ad Enn. p. 166 reads spissa instead of aspra:I.aspris = asperis,
Verg. A. 2, 379;aspro = aspero,
Pall. Insit. 67) [etym. dub.; Doed. foll. by Hinter connects it with aspairô, to struggle, to resist; Corssen, Ausspr. II. p. 593, regards asper (i. e. ab spe) as the proper opposite of prosper (i. e. pro spe); thus asper originally meant hopeless, desperate; v. also id. ib. II. p. 870; cf. the use of res asperae as the opposite of res prosperae]; as affecting the sense of touch, rough, uneven (opp. lēvis or lenis; syn.: scaber, acutus, insuavis, acerbus, amarus, mordax, durus).1.. Lit.:2.lingua aspera tactu,
Lucr. 6, 1150; cf. Verg. G. 3, 508; Ov. M. 7, 556; Luc. 4, 325:mixta aspera levibus,
Lucr. 2, 471:in locis (spectatur) plani an montuosi, leves an asperi,
Cic. Part. Or. 10, 36: Quid judicant sensus? dulce, amarum;lene, asperum,
id. Fin. 2, 12, 36:tumulus asperi (sc. saxibus) soli,
Liv. 25, 36: saxa, Enn. ap. Cic. Pis. 19; Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37; Pac. ap. Mar. Vict. p. 2522 P.; Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23; Lucr. 4, 147; Ov. M. 6, 76; cf.Leucas,
Luc. 1, 42:loca,
Caes. B. C. 3, 42, and Vulg. Act. 27, 29:viae asperae,
ib. Bar. 4, 26:vallis aspera,
ib. Deut. 21, 4 et saep.: unda, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2:glacies,
Verg. E. 10, 49:hiems,
Ov. M. 11, 490; Claud. ap. Prob. Cons. 270: Phasis, i. e. frozen, ice-bound, Prob. ap. Rufin. I. 375;and of climate: aspera caelo Germania,
harsh, severe, Tac. G. 2: arteria. the windpipe (v. arteria), Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136; Cels. 4, 1.—Of raised work (i. e. bas-relief, etc., as being rough), as in Gr. trachus (cf. exaspero):aspera signis Pocula,
Verg. A. 9, 263:Cymbiaque argento perfecta atque aspera signis,
id. ib. 5, 267:signis exstantibus asper Antiquus crater,
Ov. M. 12, 235 (cf.:stantem extra pocula caprum,
Juv. 1, 76):Summus inaurato crater erat asper acantho,
Ov. M. 13, 701:aspera pocula,
Prop. 2, 6, 17:ebur,
Sen. Hippol. 899:balteus,
Val. Fl. 5, 578:cingula bacis,
Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 89; cf. Drak. ad Sil. 11, 279:nummus,
not worn smooth, new, Suet. Ner. 44; cf. Sen. Ep. 19:mare,
agitated by a storm, rough, tempestuous, Liv. 37, 16.—Of things that have a rough, thorny, prickly exterior:barba,
Tib. 1, 8, 32:sentes,
Verg. A. 2, 379:rubus,
id. E. 3, 89:mucro,
Luc. 7, 139 (cf. Tac. A. 15, 54: pugionem vetustate obtusum asperari saxo jussit; v. aspero).—Meton., of food: He. Asper meus victus sanest. Er. Sentisne essitas? He. My fare is very rough. Er. Do you feed on brambles? Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 85; cf. id. ib. 3, 1, 37; also of a cough producing hoarseness:3.quas (fauces) aspera vexat Assidue tussis,
Mart. 11, 86, 1.—Subst.: aspĕrum, i, n., an uneven, rough place:II.latens in asperis radix,
Hor. Epod. 5, 67:aspera maris,
Tac. A. 4, 6:propter aspera et confragosa,
Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53:per aspera et devia,
Suet. Tib. 60:erunt aspera in vias planas,
Vulg. Isa. 40, 4; ib. Luc. 3, 5.—Also in the sup. absol.:asperrimo hiemis Ticinum usque progressus,
Tac. A. 3, 5.—Transf.1.Of taste, rough, harsh, sour, bitter, brackish, acrid, pungent:2.asperum, Pater, hoc (vinum) est: aliud lenius, sodes, vide,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49:asper sapor maris,
Plin. 2, 100, 104, § 222: allium asperi saporis;quo plures nuclei fuere, hoc est asperius,
id. 19, 6, 34, § 111:asperrimum piper,
id. 12, 7, 14, § 27:acetum quam asperrimum,
id. 20, 9, 39, § 97.—Of sound, rough, harsh, grating, etc.:3. III.(pronuntiationis genus) lene, asperum,
Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216.—Hence a poet. epithet of the letter R ( also called littera canina), Ov. F. 5, 481.—In rhetoric, rough, rugged, irregular: quidam praefractam et asperam compositionem probant;virilem putant et fortem, quae aurem inaequalitate percutiat,
Sen. Ep. 114; cf. Cic. Or. 16, 53:duram potius atque asperam compositionem malim esse quam effeminatam et enervem,
Quint. 9, 4, 142. And in gram., spiritus asper, the h sound, the aspirate, Prisc. p. 572 P.—Trop.A.a.. Of moral qualities, rough, harsh, hard, violent, unkind, rude (cf.: acerbus, acer, and Wagner ad Verg. A. 1, 14):b.quos naturā putes asperos atque omnibus iniquos,
Cic. Planc. 16, 40:orator truculentus, asper, maledicus,
id. Brut. 34, 129:aspera Juno,
Verg. A. 1, 279:juvenis monitoribus asper,
Hor. A. P. 163:patres vestros, asperrimos illos ad condicionem pacis,
Liv. 22, 59; cf. id. 2, 27:rebus non asper egenis,
Verg. A. 8, 365:cladibus asper,
exasperated, Ov. M. 14, 485:asperaque est illi difficilisque Venus,
unfriendly, Tib. 1, 9, 20; cf. id. 1, 6, 2:(Galatea) acrior igni, Asperior tribulis, fetā truculentior ursā,
Ov. M. 13, 803:Quam aspera est nimium sapientia indoctis hominibus,
Vulg. Eccli. 6, 21:asper contemptor divom Mezentius,
Verg. A. 7, 647:aspera Pholoe,
coy, Hor. C. 1, 33, 6.—Of a harsh, austere, rigid view of life, or manner of living:accessit istuc doctrina (sc. Stoicorum) non moderata nec mitis, sed paulo asperior et durior quam aut veritas aut natura patiatur,
Cic. Mur. 29:(Stoici) horridiores evadunt, asperiores, duriores et oratione et verbis,
id. Fin. 4, 28, 78 (v. asperitas, II. A.):(Cato) asperi animi et linguae acerbae et immodice liberae fuit, sed rigidae innocentiae,
Liv. 39, 40:(Karthago) studiis asperrima belli,
Verg. A. 1, 14, ubi v. Wagner:Camilla aspera,
id. ib. 11, 664; cf.:gens laboribus et bellis asperrima,
Just. 2, 3:virgo aspera,
i. e. Diana, Sen. Med. 87.—Of animals, wild, savage, fierce:B.(anguis) asper siti atque exterritus aestu,
Verg. G. 3, 434:bos aspera cornu, i. e. minax,
id. ib. 3, 57; cf. Hor. Epod. 6, 11:ille (lupus) asper Saevit,
Verg. A. 9, 62:lupus dulcedine sanguinis asper,
Ov. M. 11, 402:ille (leo) asper retro redit,
Verg. A. 9, 794:tigris aspera,
Hor. C. 1, 23, 9; 3, 2, 10:(equus) asper frena pati,
Sil. 3, 387.—Of things, rough, harsh, troublesome, adverse, calamitous, cruel, etc. (most freq. in the poets):a.in periculis et asperis temporibus,
Cic. Balb. 9: qui labores, pericula, dubias atque asperas res facile toleraverant, Sall. C. 10, 2: mala res, spes multo asperior, ( our) circumstances are bad, ( our) prospects still worse, id. ib. 20, 13:venatus,
Verg. A. 8, 318:bellum,
Sall. J. 48, 1; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7:pugna,
Verg. A. 11, 635; 12, 124:fata,
id. ib. 6, 882:odia,
id. ib. 2, 96.— Absol.:multa aspera,
Prop. 1, 18, 13; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 21 al.—Of discourse, severe, abusive:asperioribus facetiis perstringere aliquem,
Cic. Planc. 14; Tac. A. 15, 68:verba,
Tib. 4, 4, 14; Ov. P. 2, 6, 8; Vulg. Psa. 90, 3:vox,
Curt. 7, 1.— Adv.Old form asperĭter, roughly, harshly: cubare, Naev. ap. Non. p. 513, 21; Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 1010 P.—b. 1.Transf.:2.loqui,
Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; Quint. 6, 5, 5:dicere,
id. 2, 8, 15:syllabae aspere coëuntes,
id. 1, 1, 37.—Trop.:2.aspere accipere aliquid,
Tac. A. 4, 31:aspere et acerbe accusare aliquem,
Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 6:aspere agere aliquid,
Liv. 3, 50:aspere et ferociter et libere dicta,
Cic. Planc. 13, 33; Quint. 6, 3, 28:aspere et vehementer loqui,
Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227: ne quid aspere loquaris, * Vulg. Gen. 31, 24.— Comp.:asperius loqui aliquid,
Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227:asperius scribere de aliquo,
id. Att. 9, 15.— Sup.:asperrime loqui in aliquem,
Cic. Att. 2, 22, 5:asperrime pati aliquid,
Sen. Ira, 3, 37, 1:asperrime saevire in aliquem,
Vell. 2, 7.Asper, eri, m.I.A cognomen of L. Trebonius:II.L. Trebonius... insectandis patribus, unde Aspero etiam inditum est cognomen, tribunatum gessit,
Liv. 3, 65, 4. —Asper, Aspri (Prob. p. 201 Keil), m., a Latin grammarian, two of whose treatises have come down to us; v. Teuffel, Rom. Lit. § 474, 4. -
11 asper
1.asper, ĕra, ĕrum, adj. (aspra = aspera, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299, but Vahl. ad Enn. p. 166 reads spissa instead of aspra:I.aspris = asperis,
Verg. A. 2, 379;aspro = aspero,
Pall. Insit. 67) [etym. dub.; Doed. foll. by Hinter connects it with aspairô, to struggle, to resist; Corssen, Ausspr. II. p. 593, regards asper (i. e. ab spe) as the proper opposite of prosper (i. e. pro spe); thus asper originally meant hopeless, desperate; v. also id. ib. II. p. 870; cf. the use of res asperae as the opposite of res prosperae]; as affecting the sense of touch, rough, uneven (opp. lēvis or lenis; syn.: scaber, acutus, insuavis, acerbus, amarus, mordax, durus).1.. Lit.:2.lingua aspera tactu,
Lucr. 6, 1150; cf. Verg. G. 3, 508; Ov. M. 7, 556; Luc. 4, 325:mixta aspera levibus,
Lucr. 2, 471:in locis (spectatur) plani an montuosi, leves an asperi,
Cic. Part. Or. 10, 36: Quid judicant sensus? dulce, amarum;lene, asperum,
id. Fin. 2, 12, 36:tumulus asperi (sc. saxibus) soli,
Liv. 25, 36: saxa, Enn. ap. Cic. Pis. 19; Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37; Pac. ap. Mar. Vict. p. 2522 P.; Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23; Lucr. 4, 147; Ov. M. 6, 76; cf.Leucas,
Luc. 1, 42:loca,
Caes. B. C. 3, 42, and Vulg. Act. 27, 29:viae asperae,
ib. Bar. 4, 26:vallis aspera,
ib. Deut. 21, 4 et saep.: unda, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2:glacies,
Verg. E. 10, 49:hiems,
Ov. M. 11, 490; Claud. ap. Prob. Cons. 270: Phasis, i. e. frozen, ice-bound, Prob. ap. Rufin. I. 375;and of climate: aspera caelo Germania,
harsh, severe, Tac. G. 2: arteria. the windpipe (v. arteria), Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136; Cels. 4, 1.—Of raised work (i. e. bas-relief, etc., as being rough), as in Gr. trachus (cf. exaspero):aspera signis Pocula,
Verg. A. 9, 263:Cymbiaque argento perfecta atque aspera signis,
id. ib. 5, 267:signis exstantibus asper Antiquus crater,
Ov. M. 12, 235 (cf.:stantem extra pocula caprum,
Juv. 1, 76):Summus inaurato crater erat asper acantho,
Ov. M. 13, 701:aspera pocula,
Prop. 2, 6, 17:ebur,
Sen. Hippol. 899:balteus,
Val. Fl. 5, 578:cingula bacis,
Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 89; cf. Drak. ad Sil. 11, 279:nummus,
not worn smooth, new, Suet. Ner. 44; cf. Sen. Ep. 19:mare,
agitated by a storm, rough, tempestuous, Liv. 37, 16.—Of things that have a rough, thorny, prickly exterior:barba,
Tib. 1, 8, 32:sentes,
Verg. A. 2, 379:rubus,
id. E. 3, 89:mucro,
Luc. 7, 139 (cf. Tac. A. 15, 54: pugionem vetustate obtusum asperari saxo jussit; v. aspero).—Meton., of food: He. Asper meus victus sanest. Er. Sentisne essitas? He. My fare is very rough. Er. Do you feed on brambles? Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 85; cf. id. ib. 3, 1, 37; also of a cough producing hoarseness:3.quas (fauces) aspera vexat Assidue tussis,
Mart. 11, 86, 1.—Subst.: aspĕrum, i, n., an uneven, rough place:II.latens in asperis radix,
Hor. Epod. 5, 67:aspera maris,
Tac. A. 4, 6:propter aspera et confragosa,
Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53:per aspera et devia,
Suet. Tib. 60:erunt aspera in vias planas,
Vulg. Isa. 40, 4; ib. Luc. 3, 5.—Also in the sup. absol.:asperrimo hiemis Ticinum usque progressus,
Tac. A. 3, 5.—Transf.1.Of taste, rough, harsh, sour, bitter, brackish, acrid, pungent:2.asperum, Pater, hoc (vinum) est: aliud lenius, sodes, vide,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49:asper sapor maris,
Plin. 2, 100, 104, § 222: allium asperi saporis;quo plures nuclei fuere, hoc est asperius,
id. 19, 6, 34, § 111:asperrimum piper,
id. 12, 7, 14, § 27:acetum quam asperrimum,
id. 20, 9, 39, § 97.—Of sound, rough, harsh, grating, etc.:3. III.(pronuntiationis genus) lene, asperum,
Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216.—Hence a poet. epithet of the letter R ( also called littera canina), Ov. F. 5, 481.—In rhetoric, rough, rugged, irregular: quidam praefractam et asperam compositionem probant;virilem putant et fortem, quae aurem inaequalitate percutiat,
Sen. Ep. 114; cf. Cic. Or. 16, 53:duram potius atque asperam compositionem malim esse quam effeminatam et enervem,
Quint. 9, 4, 142. And in gram., spiritus asper, the h sound, the aspirate, Prisc. p. 572 P.—Trop.A.a.. Of moral qualities, rough, harsh, hard, violent, unkind, rude (cf.: acerbus, acer, and Wagner ad Verg. A. 1, 14):b.quos naturā putes asperos atque omnibus iniquos,
Cic. Planc. 16, 40:orator truculentus, asper, maledicus,
id. Brut. 34, 129:aspera Juno,
Verg. A. 1, 279:juvenis monitoribus asper,
Hor. A. P. 163:patres vestros, asperrimos illos ad condicionem pacis,
Liv. 22, 59; cf. id. 2, 27:rebus non asper egenis,
Verg. A. 8, 365:cladibus asper,
exasperated, Ov. M. 14, 485:asperaque est illi difficilisque Venus,
unfriendly, Tib. 1, 9, 20; cf. id. 1, 6, 2:(Galatea) acrior igni, Asperior tribulis, fetā truculentior ursā,
Ov. M. 13, 803:Quam aspera est nimium sapientia indoctis hominibus,
Vulg. Eccli. 6, 21:asper contemptor divom Mezentius,
Verg. A. 7, 647:aspera Pholoe,
coy, Hor. C. 1, 33, 6.—Of a harsh, austere, rigid view of life, or manner of living:accessit istuc doctrina (sc. Stoicorum) non moderata nec mitis, sed paulo asperior et durior quam aut veritas aut natura patiatur,
Cic. Mur. 29:(Stoici) horridiores evadunt, asperiores, duriores et oratione et verbis,
id. Fin. 4, 28, 78 (v. asperitas, II. A.):(Cato) asperi animi et linguae acerbae et immodice liberae fuit, sed rigidae innocentiae,
Liv. 39, 40:(Karthago) studiis asperrima belli,
Verg. A. 1, 14, ubi v. Wagner:Camilla aspera,
id. ib. 11, 664; cf.:gens laboribus et bellis asperrima,
Just. 2, 3:virgo aspera,
i. e. Diana, Sen. Med. 87.—Of animals, wild, savage, fierce:B.(anguis) asper siti atque exterritus aestu,
Verg. G. 3, 434:bos aspera cornu, i. e. minax,
id. ib. 3, 57; cf. Hor. Epod. 6, 11:ille (lupus) asper Saevit,
Verg. A. 9, 62:lupus dulcedine sanguinis asper,
Ov. M. 11, 402:ille (leo) asper retro redit,
Verg. A. 9, 794:tigris aspera,
Hor. C. 1, 23, 9; 3, 2, 10:(equus) asper frena pati,
Sil. 3, 387.—Of things, rough, harsh, troublesome, adverse, calamitous, cruel, etc. (most freq. in the poets):a.in periculis et asperis temporibus,
Cic. Balb. 9: qui labores, pericula, dubias atque asperas res facile toleraverant, Sall. C. 10, 2: mala res, spes multo asperior, ( our) circumstances are bad, ( our) prospects still worse, id. ib. 20, 13:venatus,
Verg. A. 8, 318:bellum,
Sall. J. 48, 1; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7:pugna,
Verg. A. 11, 635; 12, 124:fata,
id. ib. 6, 882:odia,
id. ib. 2, 96.— Absol.:multa aspera,
Prop. 1, 18, 13; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 21 al.—Of discourse, severe, abusive:asperioribus facetiis perstringere aliquem,
Cic. Planc. 14; Tac. A. 15, 68:verba,
Tib. 4, 4, 14; Ov. P. 2, 6, 8; Vulg. Psa. 90, 3:vox,
Curt. 7, 1.— Adv.Old form asperĭter, roughly, harshly: cubare, Naev. ap. Non. p. 513, 21; Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 1010 P.—b. 1.Transf.:2.loqui,
Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; Quint. 6, 5, 5:dicere,
id. 2, 8, 15:syllabae aspere coëuntes,
id. 1, 1, 37.—Trop.:2.aspere accipere aliquid,
Tac. A. 4, 31:aspere et acerbe accusare aliquem,
Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 6:aspere agere aliquid,
Liv. 3, 50:aspere et ferociter et libere dicta,
Cic. Planc. 13, 33; Quint. 6, 3, 28:aspere et vehementer loqui,
Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227: ne quid aspere loquaris, * Vulg. Gen. 31, 24.— Comp.:asperius loqui aliquid,
Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227:asperius scribere de aliquo,
id. Att. 9, 15.— Sup.:asperrime loqui in aliquem,
Cic. Att. 2, 22, 5:asperrime pati aliquid,
Sen. Ira, 3, 37, 1:asperrime saevire in aliquem,
Vell. 2, 7.Asper, eri, m.I.A cognomen of L. Trebonius:II.L. Trebonius... insectandis patribus, unde Aspero etiam inditum est cognomen, tribunatum gessit,
Liv. 3, 65, 4. —Asper, Aspri (Prob. p. 201 Keil), m., a Latin grammarian, two of whose treatises have come down to us; v. Teuffel, Rom. Lit. § 474, 4. -
12 asperum
1.asper, ĕra, ĕrum, adj. (aspra = aspera, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299, but Vahl. ad Enn. p. 166 reads spissa instead of aspra:I.aspris = asperis,
Verg. A. 2, 379;aspro = aspero,
Pall. Insit. 67) [etym. dub.; Doed. foll. by Hinter connects it with aspairô, to struggle, to resist; Corssen, Ausspr. II. p. 593, regards asper (i. e. ab spe) as the proper opposite of prosper (i. e. pro spe); thus asper originally meant hopeless, desperate; v. also id. ib. II. p. 870; cf. the use of res asperae as the opposite of res prosperae]; as affecting the sense of touch, rough, uneven (opp. lēvis or lenis; syn.: scaber, acutus, insuavis, acerbus, amarus, mordax, durus).1.. Lit.:2.lingua aspera tactu,
Lucr. 6, 1150; cf. Verg. G. 3, 508; Ov. M. 7, 556; Luc. 4, 325:mixta aspera levibus,
Lucr. 2, 471:in locis (spectatur) plani an montuosi, leves an asperi,
Cic. Part. Or. 10, 36: Quid judicant sensus? dulce, amarum;lene, asperum,
id. Fin. 2, 12, 36:tumulus asperi (sc. saxibus) soli,
Liv. 25, 36: saxa, Enn. ap. Cic. Pis. 19; Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37; Pac. ap. Mar. Vict. p. 2522 P.; Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23; Lucr. 4, 147; Ov. M. 6, 76; cf.Leucas,
Luc. 1, 42:loca,
Caes. B. C. 3, 42, and Vulg. Act. 27, 29:viae asperae,
ib. Bar. 4, 26:vallis aspera,
ib. Deut. 21, 4 et saep.: unda, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2:glacies,
Verg. E. 10, 49:hiems,
Ov. M. 11, 490; Claud. ap. Prob. Cons. 270: Phasis, i. e. frozen, ice-bound, Prob. ap. Rufin. I. 375;and of climate: aspera caelo Germania,
harsh, severe, Tac. G. 2: arteria. the windpipe (v. arteria), Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136; Cels. 4, 1.—Of raised work (i. e. bas-relief, etc., as being rough), as in Gr. trachus (cf. exaspero):aspera signis Pocula,
Verg. A. 9, 263:Cymbiaque argento perfecta atque aspera signis,
id. ib. 5, 267:signis exstantibus asper Antiquus crater,
Ov. M. 12, 235 (cf.:stantem extra pocula caprum,
Juv. 1, 76):Summus inaurato crater erat asper acantho,
Ov. M. 13, 701:aspera pocula,
Prop. 2, 6, 17:ebur,
Sen. Hippol. 899:balteus,
Val. Fl. 5, 578:cingula bacis,
Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 89; cf. Drak. ad Sil. 11, 279:nummus,
not worn smooth, new, Suet. Ner. 44; cf. Sen. Ep. 19:mare,
agitated by a storm, rough, tempestuous, Liv. 37, 16.—Of things that have a rough, thorny, prickly exterior:barba,
Tib. 1, 8, 32:sentes,
Verg. A. 2, 379:rubus,
id. E. 3, 89:mucro,
Luc. 7, 139 (cf. Tac. A. 15, 54: pugionem vetustate obtusum asperari saxo jussit; v. aspero).—Meton., of food: He. Asper meus victus sanest. Er. Sentisne essitas? He. My fare is very rough. Er. Do you feed on brambles? Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 85; cf. id. ib. 3, 1, 37; also of a cough producing hoarseness:3.quas (fauces) aspera vexat Assidue tussis,
Mart. 11, 86, 1.—Subst.: aspĕrum, i, n., an uneven, rough place:II.latens in asperis radix,
Hor. Epod. 5, 67:aspera maris,
Tac. A. 4, 6:propter aspera et confragosa,
Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53:per aspera et devia,
Suet. Tib. 60:erunt aspera in vias planas,
Vulg. Isa. 40, 4; ib. Luc. 3, 5.—Also in the sup. absol.:asperrimo hiemis Ticinum usque progressus,
Tac. A. 3, 5.—Transf.1.Of taste, rough, harsh, sour, bitter, brackish, acrid, pungent:2.asperum, Pater, hoc (vinum) est: aliud lenius, sodes, vide,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49:asper sapor maris,
Plin. 2, 100, 104, § 222: allium asperi saporis;quo plures nuclei fuere, hoc est asperius,
id. 19, 6, 34, § 111:asperrimum piper,
id. 12, 7, 14, § 27:acetum quam asperrimum,
id. 20, 9, 39, § 97.—Of sound, rough, harsh, grating, etc.:3. III.(pronuntiationis genus) lene, asperum,
Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216.—Hence a poet. epithet of the letter R ( also called littera canina), Ov. F. 5, 481.—In rhetoric, rough, rugged, irregular: quidam praefractam et asperam compositionem probant;virilem putant et fortem, quae aurem inaequalitate percutiat,
Sen. Ep. 114; cf. Cic. Or. 16, 53:duram potius atque asperam compositionem malim esse quam effeminatam et enervem,
Quint. 9, 4, 142. And in gram., spiritus asper, the h sound, the aspirate, Prisc. p. 572 P.—Trop.A.a.. Of moral qualities, rough, harsh, hard, violent, unkind, rude (cf.: acerbus, acer, and Wagner ad Verg. A. 1, 14):b.quos naturā putes asperos atque omnibus iniquos,
Cic. Planc. 16, 40:orator truculentus, asper, maledicus,
id. Brut. 34, 129:aspera Juno,
Verg. A. 1, 279:juvenis monitoribus asper,
Hor. A. P. 163:patres vestros, asperrimos illos ad condicionem pacis,
Liv. 22, 59; cf. id. 2, 27:rebus non asper egenis,
Verg. A. 8, 365:cladibus asper,
exasperated, Ov. M. 14, 485:asperaque est illi difficilisque Venus,
unfriendly, Tib. 1, 9, 20; cf. id. 1, 6, 2:(Galatea) acrior igni, Asperior tribulis, fetā truculentior ursā,
Ov. M. 13, 803:Quam aspera est nimium sapientia indoctis hominibus,
Vulg. Eccli. 6, 21:asper contemptor divom Mezentius,
Verg. A. 7, 647:aspera Pholoe,
coy, Hor. C. 1, 33, 6.—Of a harsh, austere, rigid view of life, or manner of living:accessit istuc doctrina (sc. Stoicorum) non moderata nec mitis, sed paulo asperior et durior quam aut veritas aut natura patiatur,
Cic. Mur. 29:(Stoici) horridiores evadunt, asperiores, duriores et oratione et verbis,
id. Fin. 4, 28, 78 (v. asperitas, II. A.):(Cato) asperi animi et linguae acerbae et immodice liberae fuit, sed rigidae innocentiae,
Liv. 39, 40:(Karthago) studiis asperrima belli,
Verg. A. 1, 14, ubi v. Wagner:Camilla aspera,
id. ib. 11, 664; cf.:gens laboribus et bellis asperrima,
Just. 2, 3:virgo aspera,
i. e. Diana, Sen. Med. 87.—Of animals, wild, savage, fierce:B.(anguis) asper siti atque exterritus aestu,
Verg. G. 3, 434:bos aspera cornu, i. e. minax,
id. ib. 3, 57; cf. Hor. Epod. 6, 11:ille (lupus) asper Saevit,
Verg. A. 9, 62:lupus dulcedine sanguinis asper,
Ov. M. 11, 402:ille (leo) asper retro redit,
Verg. A. 9, 794:tigris aspera,
Hor. C. 1, 23, 9; 3, 2, 10:(equus) asper frena pati,
Sil. 3, 387.—Of things, rough, harsh, troublesome, adverse, calamitous, cruel, etc. (most freq. in the poets):a.in periculis et asperis temporibus,
Cic. Balb. 9: qui labores, pericula, dubias atque asperas res facile toleraverant, Sall. C. 10, 2: mala res, spes multo asperior, ( our) circumstances are bad, ( our) prospects still worse, id. ib. 20, 13:venatus,
Verg. A. 8, 318:bellum,
Sall. J. 48, 1; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7:pugna,
Verg. A. 11, 635; 12, 124:fata,
id. ib. 6, 882:odia,
id. ib. 2, 96.— Absol.:multa aspera,
Prop. 1, 18, 13; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 21 al.—Of discourse, severe, abusive:asperioribus facetiis perstringere aliquem,
Cic. Planc. 14; Tac. A. 15, 68:verba,
Tib. 4, 4, 14; Ov. P. 2, 6, 8; Vulg. Psa. 90, 3:vox,
Curt. 7, 1.— Adv.Old form asperĭter, roughly, harshly: cubare, Naev. ap. Non. p. 513, 21; Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 1010 P.—b. 1.Transf.:2.loqui,
Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; Quint. 6, 5, 5:dicere,
id. 2, 8, 15:syllabae aspere coëuntes,
id. 1, 1, 37.—Trop.:2.aspere accipere aliquid,
Tac. A. 4, 31:aspere et acerbe accusare aliquem,
Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 6:aspere agere aliquid,
Liv. 3, 50:aspere et ferociter et libere dicta,
Cic. Planc. 13, 33; Quint. 6, 3, 28:aspere et vehementer loqui,
Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227: ne quid aspere loquaris, * Vulg. Gen. 31, 24.— Comp.:asperius loqui aliquid,
Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227:asperius scribere de aliquo,
id. Att. 9, 15.— Sup.:asperrime loqui in aliquem,
Cic. Att. 2, 22, 5:asperrime pati aliquid,
Sen. Ira, 3, 37, 1:asperrime saevire in aliquem,
Vell. 2, 7.Asper, eri, m.I.A cognomen of L. Trebonius:II.L. Trebonius... insectandis patribus, unde Aspero etiam inditum est cognomen, tribunatum gessit,
Liv. 3, 65, 4. —Asper, Aspri (Prob. p. 201 Keil), m., a Latin grammarian, two of whose treatises have come down to us; v. Teuffel, Rom. Lit. § 474, 4. -
13 calamitosus
călămĭtōsus, a, um, adj. [calamitas].I. A.Lit.:B.uti (regio) bonum caelum habeat, ne calamitosum sit,
Cato, R. R. 1, 2:per omnes partes provinciae te tamquam aliquam calamitosam tempestatem pestemque pervasisse,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 38, § 96; cf.calamitas, I.: tempestas,
Dig. 19, 2, 15, § 2.—Trop., destructive, disastrous, ruinous, pernicious, calamitous:II. A.acer bissimum et calamitosissimum bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 13, 34:hoc enim ipsum, utile putare quod turpe sit, calamitosum est,
id. Off. 3, 12, 49:exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,
id. Fam. 6, 21, 1:fuga patriae calamitosa,
id. Div. 1, 28, 59:plebi incendium,
Sall. C. 48, 2: victoriae funestae populo Romano et calamitosae, *Suet. Calig. 23:quid hac clade tristius? quid calamitosius?
Flor. 3, 18, 15.—Lit.:B.loca,
Cato, R. R. 35, 1; 1, 2:agri vectigal,
Cic. Agr. 2, 29, 80:hordeum,
Plin. 18, 7, 18, § 79.—Trop.:calamitosum dicitur malis et calamitatibus praegravatum,
Non. p. 33, 26:homines miseri et fortunā magis quam culpā calamitosi,
Cic. Fam. 9, 13, 3; so id. Tusc. 4, 38, 82:calamitosum est bonis everti, calamitosius cum dedecore,
id. Quint. 31, 95: id. Div. in Caecil. 21, 70:otium,
id. Fin. 5, 19, 54:res misera et calamitosa,
id. Rosc. Am. 28, 77:calamitosissimus omnium Regulus,
Sen. Ep. 71, 17.— -
14 funestus
fūnestus, a, um, adj. [funus].I.Act., causing death, destruction, or calamity; causing grief; deadly, fatal, destructive, calamitous, mournful, dismal (class.; syn.: nefarius, perniciosus;(β).fatalis, fatifer): ad ejus (C. Verris) funestam securem servati,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 123; cf.:deorum templis atque delubris funestos ac nefarios ignes inferre,
id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:arma,
Ov. F. 1, 521:venenum,
id. M. 3, 49:morsus,
id. ib. 11, 373:munus,
id. ib. 2, 88:taxus,
id. ib. 4, 432; cf.taeda,
Verg. A. 7, 322:scelus,
Phaedr. 3, 10, 50.— Comp.:funestior dies Alliensis pugnae, quam urbis captae,
Cic. Att. 9, 5, 2.— Sup.:Caligula sceleratissimus ac funestissimus,
Eutr. 7, 12.—With dat.:II.aquilam argenteam, quam tibi perniciosam et funestam futuram confido,
Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 24:o diem illum funestum senatui bonisque omnibus!
id. Sest. 12, 27; cf.:nox nobis,
id. Fl. 41, 103: victoria orbi terrarum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 8, 3.—Neutr., filled with misfortune or grief, fatal, mournful, sad (class.;syn.: infaustus, infelix, etc.): agros funestos reddere,
Lucr. 6, 1139:capilli,
Ov. F. 6, 493:utque manus funestas arceat aris,
i. e. polluted with blood, id. M. 11, 584:familia,
in mourning, Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 55; Liv. 2, 8, 8; 2, 47, 10:adeo ut annales velut funesti nihil praeter nomina consulum suggerant,
as if they were lists of the dead, id. 4, 20, 9; cf. epistolae, announcing misfortune or sad tidings, Vell. 2, 117, 1:funestior advolat alter Nuntius,
Claud. in Eutr. 2, 474; cf.:nocturna volucris funesta querela,
Prop. 2, 20 (3, 13), 5;hence also: omen,
id. 2, 28, 38 (3, 25, 4 M.):littera,
denoting death, mourning, Ov. M. 10, 216: manus, mourning (of a dowager), id. ib. 11, 585:funestum est a forti atque honesto viro jugulari, funestius ab eo, cujus vox, etc.,
Cic. Quint. 31, 95. -
15 infelix
in-fēlix, īcis, adj., unfruitful, not fertile:II.vulgus infelicem arborem eam appellat, quoniam nihil ferat, nec seratur unquam,
Plin. 24, 9, 41, § 68; cf. id. 16, 26, 45, § 108; hence, of the gallows, Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 13; cf. Liv. 1, 26, 6:tellus frugibus,
Verg. G. 2, 239; cf. ib. 2, 314:lolium,
id. E. 5, 37.—Transf.A.Unfortunate, unhappy, miserable (class.):B.crux infelici et aerumnoso comparabatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 62, § 162:homo miserrimus atque infelicissimus,
id. Rosc. Am. 41, 119:patria,
Verg. A. 9, 786:fama,
id. ib. 12, 608.—With gen.:animi Phoenissa,
Verg. A. 4, 529:fidei,
Sil. 12, 432:ausi,
id. 9, 627.— Comp.:infelicior domi quam militiae,
Liv. 5, 12, 1. — Sup.:femina,
Quint. 8, 5, 21. —Act., causing misfortune or calamity, unlucky, calamitous:infelix rei publicae,
Cic. Phil. 2, 26, 64:terra fingenti Prometheo,
Prop. 3, 5, 7:thalamus,
Verg. A. 6, 521:balteus,
id. ib. 12, 941:vates,
prophetess of ill, id. ib. 3, 246:erga plebem studium,
Liv. 3, 56, 9:opera,
Quint. 10, 1, 7:sollicitudo,
id. 12, 10, 77:paupertas,
Juv. 3, 152 al. — Hence, adv.: infēlīcĭter, unhappily, unfortunately:fit mihi obviam infeliciter,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 36:tentata res,
Liv. 1, 45, 3:totiens temptata arma,
id. 2, 35, 8.— Comp.:infelicius,
Sen. Contr. 5, 33; Quint. 8, 6, 33. — Sup.: infelicissime, Aug. Civ. Dei, 12, 13. -
16 scelero
scĕlĕro, no perf., ātum, 1, v. a. [id.], to pollute, defile, contaminate, desecrate (in the verb. finit. rare, and only poet.;A.syn.: temero, polluo): impia non verita est divos scelerare parentes,
Cat. 64, 405; cf. Stat. Th. 2, 663:sanguine fauces,
id. ib. 8, 761:parce pias scelerare manus,
Verg. A. 3, 42:Cererem,
Juv. 9, 25:animum,
Sil. 16, 122; cf.:dextram sanguine,
Stat. Th. 9, 666. —Hence, scĕlĕrātus, a, um, P. a., polluted, profaned by crime.Lit. (appellatively;2.only in the poets): terra,
Verg. A. 3, 60:terrae,
Ov. P. 1, 6, 29:limina Thracum,
id. M. 13, 628.—In partic., as an adj. prop., denoting places where crimes had been committed or criminals punished. So,a.Sceleratus Vicus, that part of the Vicus Cyprius, on the Esquiline, in which Tullia, daughter of Servius Tullius, drove over her father ' s corpse, Liv. 1, 48; Varr. L. L. 5, § 159 Müll.; Ov. F. 6, 609; Fest. pp. 332 and 333 Müll.—b.Sceleratus Campus, under the city will hard by the porta Collina, where unchaste Vestals were buried alive, Liv. 8, 15; Fest. l. l.; Serv. Verg. A. 11, 206.—c.Scelerata sedes, the place of punishment for the wicked in Tartarus, Tib. 1, 3, 67; Ov. M. 4, 455;B.also called Sceleratum limen,
Verg. A. 6, 563.—For Scelerata Porta and Castra, v. infra, B. 2. b.—Transf.1.Subjectively, bad, impious, wicked, ac-cursed, infamous, vicious, flagitious; in the masc. subst., a bad, impious, or vicious person; a wretch, miscreant (the predom. signif.; freq. with nefarius, impious, etc.; cf. consceleratus);2.of persons: virum sceleratum, facinorosum, nefarium,
Cic. Rep. 3, 17, 27:deliberantium genus totum sceleratum et impium,
id. Off. 3, 8, 37; id. Mur. 30, 62 (with nefarius); id. Att. 9, 15, 5 (with impurus); Caes. B. G. 6, 13 (with impius); Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 4; Ter. And. 1, 1, 132; id. Ad. 4, 2, 14; Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 23; Caes. B. G. 6, 34; Sall. C. 52, 36:facto plus et sceleratus eodem,
Ov. M. 3, 5:puella,
id. R. Am. 299; Liv. 1, 59; 31, 31; Suet. Ner. 46; Hor. S. 2, 3, 71; 2, 3, 221 al.— Comp.:homo sceleratior,
Ov. M. 11, 781.— Sup.:refertam esse Graeciam sceleratissimorum hominum,
Cic. Planc. 41, 98; Sall. J. 14, 2; 31, 12; Liv. 4, 32 et saep.—Of things:sceleratas ejus preces et nefaria vota cognovimus,
Cic. Clu. 68, 194:contra patriam scelerata arma capere,
id. Phil. 11, 1, 1; Ov. M. 5, 102:conjuratio,
Liv. 2, 6:insania belli,
Verg. A. 7, 461:caput,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 33:vox (with inhumana),
Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 64:consilia,
Vell. 2, 130, 3:amor habendi,
Ov. M. 1, 131:munera,
id. ib. 8, 94:ignes,
id. F. 6, 439.— Comp.:a sceleratiore hastā,
Cic. Off. 2, 8, 29:causa parricidii,
Just. 10, 2, 1. — Sup.:res,
Quint. 3, 8, 45:fraus humani ingenii,
Plin. 34, 14, 39, § 138.— Poet.:subit ira sceleratas sumere poenas,
i.e. to take satisfaction for her crimes, Verg. A. 2, 576. —(As a result of viciousness or criminality; cf. scelus, II. C.) Hurtful, harmful, noxious, pernicious, unhappy, unfortunate, calamitous, etc. (only poet. and in postAug. prose):b. c.teritur sinapis scelerata: qui terunt, oculi ut exstillent, facit,
Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 28:herba,
App. Herb. 8.— Sup.:sceleratissimis serpentium haemorrhoidi et presteri,
Plin. 24, 13, 73, § 117:frigus,
Verg. G. 2, 256:lues,
Mart. 1, 102, 6:poëmata,
id. 3, 50, 9 et saep.: MATER, Inscr. Rein. cl. 12, 122; so Inscr. Fabr. p. 237, 631:PARENTES,
Inscr. Murat. 1187, 2.—As an adj. prop.(α).Scelerata Porta, the gate (also called Porta Carmentalis) through which the three hundred Fabii marched on their fatal expedition, Fest. pp. 334 and 335 Müll.; Serv. Verg. A. 8, 337; Flor. 1, 12, 2.—(β).Scelerata Castra, the camp in which D. Drusus died, Suet. Claud. 1.—Hence, adv.: scĕlĕrātē (acc. to B. 1.), impiously, wickedly, nefariously (Ciceronian):peccavi scelerateque feci,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 2:facere (with audacter),
id. Sull. 24, 67:dicere (opp. pie),
id. Mil. 38, 103:susceptum bellum,
id. Cat. 1, 10, 27.— Comp.:sceleratius,
Vulg. Ezech. 16, 52. — Sup.:sceleratissime machinatus omnes insidias,
Cic. Sest. 64, 133. -
17 scelestus
scĕlestus, a, um, adj. [scelus; like funestus, from funus], wicked, villanous, infamous, accursed, abominable; knavish, roguish; and subst., a wicked person, a knave, rogue, scoundrel, miscreant (freq. ante-class. in Plaut. and Ter.; after the class. per. sceleratus is more freq.; by Cic. not used of persons).I.Lit., of persons:II.ego sum malus, Ego sum sacer, scelestus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 6, 14:eheu, scelestus galeam in navi perdidi,
id. Rud. 3, 5, 22:perjuravisti, sceleste,
id. Ps. 1, 3, 120 sq.:o scelestum atque audacem hominem!
Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 41; Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 36; id. Merc. 1, 90; id. Ps. 3, 2, 103 et saep.; Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 17; id. Ad. 2, 1, 5; id. Eun. 1, 1, 26 al.; Sall. C. 51, 32; 52, 15; Quint. 2, 16, 2; Hor. C. 2, 4, 17; 3, 2, 31; 3, 11, 39; id. Epod. 7, 1.— Comp., Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 5; id. Cist. 4, 1, 8; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 22 al.— Sup., Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 2.—As a term of reproach or abuse: sceleste, scelesta, etc., you knave! you wretch! sceleste. Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 120; 1, 3. 126; Ter. And. 4, 4, 51; id Eun. 4, 4, 1; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 71:scelesta,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 23; id. Most. 1, 3, 26; Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 1; 5, 1, 16:scelesti,
Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 28; cf. sup.:scelestissime, audes mihi praedicare id?
you arrant rogue! id. Am. 2, 1, 11.—Of things:scelestum ac nefarium facinus,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 13, 37:res scelesta, atrox, nefaria,
id. ib. 22, 62:numquam quidquam facinus feci pejus neque scelestius,
Plaut. Men. 3, 1, 2:scelesto facinori scelestiorem sermonem addidit,
Liv. 5, 27:scelestae hae sunt aedes, impia est habitatio,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 73:scelestior cena,
id. Rud. 2, 6, 24:lingua,
id. Am. 2, 1, 7:facta,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 139:ser-vitus,
id. Curc. 1, 1, 40:vacuam domum scelestis nuptiis fecisse,
Sall. C. 15, 2:servitium,
id. H. Fragm. 3, 61, 9 Dietsch:malitia,
Phaedr. 2, 4, 5.—Transf., in Plaut. for sceleratus (B. 2.), baleful, calamitous, unlucky, unfortunate:scelestiorem ego annum argento faenori Numquam ullum vidi,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 1:me (vidisti) adeo scelestum, qui, etc.,
id. Rud. 4, 4, 123; id. Cas. 3, 5, 34:ne ego sum miser, Scelestus,
id. Most. 3, 1, 36; id. Capt. 3, 5, 104; id. As. 5, 2, 6; id. Rud. 3, 5, 22; id. Men. 3, 1, 2; id. Cist. 4, 2, 17; cf.scelesta, vae te!
Cat. 8, 15 Ellis ad loc.— Adv.: scĕlestē (acc. to. I.), wickedly, viciously, impiously, abominably, detestably:sceleste atque impie facere,
Liv. 24, 25:parta bona,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 22:insimulare,
Vell. 2, 60, 3:exercere arma,
Val. Max. 5, 1, 3.— Comp.:interit pudor,
Aug. Ep. 202.—Humorously: tu sceleste suspi-caris, ego aphelôs scripsi, roguishly, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 8.
См. также в других словарях:
Calamitous — Ca*lam i*tous, a. [L. Calamitosus; cf. F. calamiteux.] [1913 Webster] 1. Suffering calamity; wretched; miserable. [Obs.] [1913 Webster] Ten thousands of calamitous persons. South. [1913 Webster] 2. Producing, or attended with distress and misery; … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
calamitous — index adverse (negative), deadly, deplorable, dire, disastrous, fatal, harmful, hostile … Law dictionary
calamitous — 1540s, from Fr. calamiteux (16c.), from L. calamitosus causing loss, destructive, from calamitas (see CALAMITY (Cf. calamity)) … Etymology dictionary
calamitous — *unlucky, disastrous, ill starred, ill fated, unfortunate, luckless, hapless … New Dictionary of Synonyms
calamitous — [adj] disastrous; tragic adverse, afflictive, blighting, cataclysmic, catastrophic, deadly, deplorable, devastating, dire, fatal, grievous, harmful, heartbreaking, lamentable, messy, pernicious, regrettable, ruinous, unfavorable, unfortunate,… … New thesaurus
calamitous — [kə lam′ə təs] adj. [MFr calamiteux < L calamitosus] causing or bringing calamity calamitously adv … English World dictionary
calamitous — [[t]kəlæ̱mɪtəs[/t]] ADJ GRADED If you describe an event or situation as calamitous, you mean it is very unfortunate or serious. [FORMAL] ...the calamitous state of the country. ...a calamitous air crash. Syn: disastrous … English dictionary
calamitous — adjective Date: 1545 being, causing, or accompanied by calamity < calamitous events > • calamitously adverb … New Collegiate Dictionary
calamitous — calamitously, adv. calamitousness, n. /keuh lam i teuhs/, adj. causing or involving calamity; disastrous: a calamitous defeat. [1535 45; CALAMIT(Y) + OUS] Syn. catastrophic, ruinous, devastating. Ant. beneficial, advantageous. * * * … Universalium
calamitous — adjective their calamitous adventure became legendary Syn: disastrous, catastrophic, cataclysmic, devastating, dire, tragic; literary direful … Thesaurus of popular words
calamitous — /kəˈlæmətəs/ (say kuh lamuhtuhs) adjective causing or involving calamity; disastrous: a calamitous defeat. {Latin calamitōsus} –calamitously, adverb –calamitousness, noun …