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1 bedside
nounbe at the bedside — am Bett sein
bedside table/lamp — Nachttisch, der/Nachttischlampe, die
bedside reading — Bettlektüre, die
have a good bedside manner — [Arzt:] gut mit Kranken umgehen können
* * *noun (the place or position next to a person's bed: He was at her bedside when she died; ( also adjective) a bedside table.) (am) Bett;Bett-...* * *ˈbed·sideto be at sb's \bedside an jds Bett sitzen* * *['bedsaɪd]n* * *at the bedside am (auch Kranken) Bett;she was called to the bedside of her sick mother sie wurde ans Bett ihrer kranken Mutter gerufen;the doctor has a good bedside manner der Arzt kann gut mit Kranken umgehen;bedside lamp Nachttischlampe f;bedside rug Bettvorleger m;bedside table Nachttisch(chen) m(n);bedside teaching Unterricht m am Krankenbett* * *nounSeite des Bettes, diebedside table/lamp — Nachttisch, der/Nachttischlampe, die
bedside reading — Bettlektüre, die
have a good bedside manner — [Arzt:] gut mit Kranken umgehen können
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2 bedside
['bedsaɪd] 1.nome capezzale m.2.bedside table — comodino, tavolino da notte
* * *noun (the place or position next to a person's bed: He was at her bedside when she died; ( also adjective) a bedside table.) capezzale* * *bedside /ˈbɛdsaɪd/n. [u]2 (fig.) capezzale ( di malato): I was at his bedside when he died, ero al suo capezzale quando è morto● bedside book, libro da leggere a letto □ bedside carpet, scendiletto □ bedside literature, letture «leggere»; letteratura amena □ bedside manner, modo di trattare i malati ( di medico o infermiere): That nurse has a good bedside manner, quell'infermiera ha molto garbo (o ci sa fare) con i malati □ bedside reading, letture della sera ( a letto) □ bedside rug, scendiletto.* * *['bedsaɪd] 1.nome capezzale m.2.bedside table — comodino, tavolino da notte
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3 light
I [laɪt] nсвет, огонь, освещениеPictures have been hung in a good (bad) light. — Картины повесили в хорошо (плохо) освещенном месте.
Her hair looked blacker in certain light. — При некотором освещении ее волосы казались чернее.
We need more light on the subject. — По этому вопросу нам нужно иметь больше информации.
I caught a light in his eye. — Я поймал в его глазах искру понимания.
- much lightGive me a light. — Нет ли у вас огонька
- radiant light
- artificial light
- northern lights
- many lights
- dazzling light
- hidden light
- floating light
- car lights- ceiling light- desk light
- wall light
- bedside light
- floor light
- emergency lights
- city lights
- cinema lights
- navigation lights
- harbour lights
- braking light
- reversing light
- parking light
- landing lights
- ship's lights
- light year
- light week
- light speed
- light bulb
- light effect
- light treatment
- light trap
- light and shade
- murderous light in his eyes
- reproachful light in her eyes
- light of day
- first light of dawn
- light of the sun
- light of a town
- light of the city
- theory of light
- source of light
- waves of light
- plenty lot of light
- in the soft light of the candle
- in the broad light of the day
- in the dim light
- at first light
- in the cold light of reason
- in whatever light we view his action...
- with one's back to the light
- with one's face against the light
- by the light of the candle
- in the light of past events
- in the light of the bad weather report we should leave early
- appear in one's true light
- blow out the light
- bring bribery to light
- carry a light in one's hand
- cast a new light on the situation
- come to the light
- drive against the light
- drive when the green light shows
- get home during the light
- give this plan the green light
- hold a light for smb
- interpret facts in modern light
- jump a stop light
- look at smth in good light
- look at things in a pessemistic light
- look at smth against the light
- put smth against the light
- put smth, smb in the best light
- see the matter in a new light
- see the light
- set a light to the note
- set the facts in their proper light
- set smb's conduct in their proper light
- shed its light to the earth
- shed its light through the window
- stand in smb's light
- stand in one's own light
- stop at the red light
- stop for the lights
- strike a light
- throw light on the problem
- turn on the lights
- work with a overhead light
- get out of my light!
- light is on
- light goes out
- lamp gave a stron light
- light spreads
- light is breaking II [laɪt] adjсветлый, ясныйLet's go while it is light. — Пойдем пока ещё светло. /Пойдем засветло.
The room is not light enough for reading. — В комнате не достаточно светло, чтобы читать.
The curtains are too light for this room. — Для этой комнаты шторы слишком светлы
- light room- light day
- light hair
- light blue
- be light
- it was beginning to get light III [laɪt] adj1) лёгкий, не тяжёлыйThe coat is too light for this weather. — По такой погоде это слишком тонкое/легкое пальто.
The punishement was too light for such a crime. — Для такого преступления наказание было очень легким.
We got off the cart to make it light for the horse to draw. — Мы слезли с телеги, чтобы лошади было легче ее тащить.
- light bag- light shoes
- travel light2) лёгкий, нетрудный, не требующий усилийIt is not a light task. — Это нелегкая задача.
- light readingHer movements were light with constant training. — У нее были легкие движения от постоянной тренировки. /От постоянной тренировки она двигалась легко.
- light food3) лёгкий, небольшойA light rain was falling. — Шёл небольшой/мелкий дождь.
His head was light with wine. — От выпитого вина у него слегка кружилась голова.
4) лёгкий, радостный, весёлый, беззаботный, не мрачныйShe was light in mind/heart. — У нее было легко на душе.
His heart was light at the news. — Когда он получил это известие, ему стало легко на душе.
5) чуткийShe is a light sleeper. — Она чутко спит.
IV [laɪt] vLight come, light go. — ◊ Легко нажито, легко прожито
(lit [lɪt], lighted ['laɪtɪd])1) зажигать- light a lamp- light the gas2) освещать, освещатьсяShe lit him up the stairs with a candle (with a match). — Она светила ему свечкой (спичкой), пока он поднимался по лестнице.
The house is lit by electricity. — Дом освещается электричеством.
The flames lit their faces. — Пламя осветило их лица.
- be well lit- light the way for smb
- light smb on his way upstairs•USAGE:Глагол to light имеет две формы причастия II - lit и lighted. Форма причастия lit - освещенный употребляется с предшествующими наречиями: brightly (dimly, poorly) lit room ярко (тускло, плохо) освещенная комната; a freshly lit cigar свежезажженная/только что зажженная сигара. Форма lighted употребляется при отсутствии наречного определения: a lighted window освещенное окно; a lighted cigar зажженная сигара, ср. a freshly lit cigar -
4 manner
ˈmænə сущ.
1) способ, метод;
образ действий Do it in such manner. ≈ Сделай это таким способом. adverb of manner грам. ≈ наречие образа действия Syn: method
2) манера, поведение arrogant, cavalier, imperious, overbearing manner ≈ высокомерность, надменная манера держать себя awkward manner ≈ неловкость, неуклюжесть, неловкая манера держать себя boorish, coarse, crude, rude, uncouth manner ≈ грубость, невоспитанность businesslike manner ≈ деловитость She was businesslike in her manner. ≈ Она была очень деловитой. casual manner, hit-or-miss ≈ несерьезное, наплевательское поведение relaxed manner ≈ расслабленность, раскованность debonair manner ≈ жизнерадостность, добродушность forthcoming manner ≈ приветливость, общительность friendly manner ≈ дружелюбие gentle manner, mild manner ≈ мягкость gracious manner ≈ снисходительность, любезность grand manner ≈ величественные манеры ingratiating manner ≈ раболепие, заискивание intriguing manner ≈ интригующее поведение lively manner ≈ живость matter-of-fact manner ≈ прозаичность offhand manner ≈ бесцеремонная манера polished manner ≈ отточенные манеры pretentious manner ≈ вычурность, самомнение prim manner ≈ чопорность servile manner ≈ подобострастие sheepish manner ≈ робость, застенчивость slipshod, sloppy manner ≈ неаккуратность, небрежность, неряшливость stern manner ≈ суровость, неумолимость suave manner ≈ учтивое, обходительное поведение unctuous manner ≈ елейное поведение They behaved in a statesmanlike manner. ≈ Они вели себя как подобает государственным деятелям. in the grand manner ≈ пышно, роскошно in an awkward manner ≈ неловко Everything was done in a well organized manner. ≈ Все было очень хорошо организовано. in proper legal manner ≈ в установленной законом форме
3) мн. мн. а) хорошие манеры, воспитанность, умение себя вести ∙ Victorian manners ≈ викторианские нравы Syn: conduct
1., demeanour, deportment, behavior б) нравы, обычаи Syn: tradition, custom
1.
4) а) стиль, художественная манера manner and matter Syn: style
1. б) неод. манерность Syn: mannerism
5) архаич. род, сорт all manner of problems ≈ все типы задач Syn: kind I, sort
1. метод, способ;
образ действий - in this *, in such a * таким образом - in a more methodical * более регулярно /методично/ - in the same * as... таким же образом, как... - in like * подобным образом - after the * of smb., smth. на манер /наподобие/ кого-л., чего-л. - no one would use it in that * никто не станет использовать это таким способом - he holds his fork in an awkward * он неуклюже держит вилку - do it in this * сделай это так /таким образом/ - the * of his argument то, как он аргументирует свою точку зрения - adverb of * (грамматика) наречие образа действия - * of proceeding (юридическое) вид /характер/ судопроизводства манера;
поведение - to like smb.'s * of reading любить чью-л. манеру читать - he has a strange * of speaking у него странная манера говорить - bedside * умение обращаться с больным;
умелый подход к больному;
врачебный такт - modest * скромное поведение;
скромная манера держаться - I don't like his * мне не нравится его манера вести себя /держаться/ - she has * она держится с достоинством - he has an awkward * он держится неловко pl обычаи, нравы - strange *s странные обычаи /нравы/ - a comedy of *s (театроведение) комедия нравов - the *s of our ancestors обычаи наших предков - such were the *s of the time таковы были обычаи /нравы/ того времени - *s change with the times иные /другие/ времена, иные /другие/ нравы pl воспитанность;
хорошие манеры - to have good *s быть воспитанным (человеком) - the child has good table *s ребенок умеет вести себя за столом - to have bad /no/ *s не уметь себя держать /вести/;
быть невоспитанным (человеком) - have you no *? вы что, не умеете вести /держать/ себя? - it is bad *s to stare at people разглядывать людей невежливо /неприлично/ - where are your *s? как ты себя ведешь?;
вели себя прилично! - don't forget your *s! помни, как нужно себя вести!, веди себя хорошо! - have you forgotten your *s? вы забыли, как надо себя вести? стиль, художественный метод;
манера исполнения и т. п. - to imitate a poet's * подражать художественной манере какого-л. поэта - a picture in the * of Raphael картина в манере Рафаэля - a novel after the * of Dickens роман в духе Диккенса - * and matter форма и содержание - these two novels differ more in * than in matter эти два романа отличаются больше по форме, чем по содержанию манерность (устаревшее) сорт, род - what * of man is he? что он за человек? - all * of things всевозможные вещи - no * of doubt никакого сомнения > after a * как-нибудь > in a * до некоторой степени, в некотором смысле, так сказать > by all * of means любыми средствами > by no * of means никоим образом > to the * born привыкший с пеленок > he made his first speech as to the * born он произнес свою первую речь как прирожденный оратор( юридическое) похищенное имущество - to be taken /found/ in /with/ the * быть захваченным /пойманным/ с поличным all ~ of... всевозможные... by any ~ of means каким бы то ни было образом by no ~ of means ни в коем случае no ~ of... никакой...;
to have no manner of right не иметь никакого права ~ pl (хорошие) манеры;
умение держать себя;
to have no manners не уметь себя вести;
he has fair manners у него изящные манеры ~ pl (хорошие) манеры;
умение держать себя;
to have no manners не уметь себя вести;
he has fair manners у него изящные манеры in a ~ до некоторой степени;
в некотором смысле;
in a manner of speaking уст. так сказать in a ~ до некоторой степени;
в некотором смысле;
in a manner of speaking уст. так сказать speaking: ~ разговор;
plain speaking разговор начистоту;
in a manner of speaking если можно так выразиться;
course in public speaking курс ораторского искусства in a promiscuous ~ случайно, наудачу manner манера (говорить, действовать) ;
in proper legal manner в установленной законом форме manner манера (говорить, действовать) ;
in proper legal manner в установленной законом форме ~ pl (хорошие) манеры;
умение держать себя;
to have no manners не уметь себя вести;
he has fair manners у него изящные манеры ~ pl обычаи, нравы ~ сорт, род;
what manner of man is he? что он за человек?, какой он человек? ~ способ, метод;
образ действий;
manner of life (of thought) образ жизни( мыслей) ~ стиль, художественная манера;
manner and matter форма и содержание ~ стиль, художественная манера;
manner and matter форма и содержание ~ способ, метод;
образ действий;
manner of life (of thought) образ жизни (мыслей) no ~ of... никакой...;
to have no manner of right не иметь никакого права to the ~ born привыкший с пеленок ~ сорт, род;
what manner of man is he? что он за человек?, какой он человек? -
5 manner
I [ʹmænə] n1. метод, способ; образ действийin this manner, in such a manner - таким образом
in a more methodical manner - более регулярно /методично/
in the same manner as... - таким же образом, как...
after the manner of smb., smth. - на манер /наподобие/ кого-л., чего-л.
no one would use it in that manner - никто не станет использовать это таким способом
do it in this manner - сделай это так /таким образом/
the manner of his argument - то, как он аргументирует свою точку зрения
adverb of manner - грам. наречие образа действия
manner of proceeding - юр. вид /характер/ судопроизводства
2. манера; поведениеto like smb.'s manner of reading [acting] - любить чью-л. манеру читать [играть]
bedside manner - умение обращаться с больным; умелый подход к больному; врачебный такт
modest manner - скромное поведение; скромная манера держаться
I don't like his manner - мне не нравится его манера вести себя /держаться/
3. pl обычаи, нравыstrange manners - странные обычаи /нравы/
a comedy of manners - театр. комедия нравов
such were the manners of the time - таковы были обычаи /нравы/ того времени
manners change with the times - иные /другие/ времена, иные /другие/ нравы
4. pl воспитанность; хорошие манерыto have bad /no/ manners - не уметь себя держать /вести/; быть невоспитанным (человеком)
have you no manner? - вы что, не умеете вести /держать/ себя?
it is bad manners to stare at people - разглядывать людей невежливо /неприлично/
where are your manners? - как ты себя ведёшь?; веди себя прилично!
don't forget your manners! - помни, как нужно себя вести!, веди себя хорошо!
have you forgotten your manners? - вы забыли, как надо себя вести?
5. стиль, художественный метод; манера исполнения и т. п.to imitate a poet's manner - подражать художественной манере какого-л. поэта
these two novels differ more in manner than in matter - эти два романа отличаются больше по форме, чем по содержанию
6. манерность7. уст. сорт, родwhat manner of man is he? - что он за человек?
♢
after a manner - как-нибудьin a manner - до некоторой степени, в некотором смысле, так сказать
by all manner of means см. means 1
by no manner of means см. means 1
II [ʹmænə] n юр.he made his first speech as to the manner born - он произнёс свою первую речь как прирождённый оратор
похищенное имуществоto be taken /found/ in /with/ the manner - быть захваченным /пойманным/ с поличным
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6 be
'bi: ɡi:( abbreviation) (Bachelor of Engineering; first degree in Engineering.) licenciatura en Ingenieríabe vb1. serwhat time is it? It's 3 o'clock ¿qué hora es? Son las treswho is it? It's me ¿quién es? Soy yo2. estarhow are you? I'm fine ¿cómo estás? estoy bienwhere is Pauline? ¿dónde está Pauline?how far is it? ¿a qué distancia está?what day is it today? ¿qué día es hoy? / ¿a qué día estamos?3. tenerhow old are you? I'm 16 ¿cuántos años tienes? tengo 16 años4. costar / valer / serhow much is it? ¿cuánto cuesta? / ¿cuánto vale? / ¿cuánto es?the tickets are £15 each las entradas valen 15 libras cada una5. hacer6. haberhow many children are there? ¿cuántos niños hay?Se usa también para construir el tiempo verbal llamado present continuous que indica una acción que está pasando en estos momentoswhat are you doing? ¿qué estás haciendo? / ¿qué haces?look, it's snowing mira, está nevando
be sustantivo femenino: name of the letter b, often called be largaor grande to distinguish it from v 'be' also found in these entries: Spanish: A - abasto - abate - abismo - abotargarse - abreviar - abrirse - absoluta - absoluto - abultar - abundar - aburrir - aburrirse - acabose - acariciar - acaso - acertar - achantarse - acometer - acostada - acostado - acostumbrar - acostumbrada - acostumbrado - acreditar - activa - activo - adelantar - adelantarse - adentro - adivinarse - admirarse - adolecer - aferrarse - afianzarse - aficionada - aficionado - afligirse - agonizar - agotarse - agradecer - agua - ahogarse - ahora - aire - ajo - ala - alarmarse - alcanzar - alegrarse English: aback - abate - about - absent - accordance - account for - accountable - accustom - acquaint - action - addicted - address - adequate - adjust - admit - affiliated - afford - afraid - agenda - agree - agreement - ahead - air - airsick - alert - alive - alone - along - aloof - alphabetically - always - am - ambition - amenable - amusing - anathema - annoyance - anomaly - anxious - apologetic - appal - appall - are - arm - around - arrears - as - ashamed - aspire - assertbetr[biː]intransitive verb (pres 1ª pers am, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl are, 3ª pers sing is; pt 1ª y 3ª pers sing was, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl; pp been)2 (essential quality) ser3 (nationality) ser4 (occupation) ser5 (origin) ser6 (ownership) ser7 (authorship) ser8 (composition) ser9 (use) ser10 (location) estar11 (temporary state) estar■ how are you? ¿cómo estás?12 (age) tener13 (price) costar, valer■ a single ticket is £9.50 un billete de ida cuesta £9.5014 tener■ he's hot/cold tiene calor/frío■ we're hungry/thirsty tenemos hambre/sed1 (passive) ser■ she was arrested at the border fue detenida en la frontera, la detuvieron en la frontera■ he's hated by everybody es odiado por todos, todos lo odian■ he was discharged fue dado de alta, lo dieron de alta■ the house has been sold la casa ha sido vendida, la casa se ha vendido, han vendido la casa■ thirty children were injured treinta niños fueron heridos, treinta niños resultaron heridos■ the two areas of the town are divided by a wall las dos zonas de la ciudad están divididas por un muro1 (obligation) deber, tener que1 (future)phrase there is / there are1 hay■ is there much traffic ¿hay mucho tráfico?1 había■ were there many people? ¿había mucha gente?1 habrá1 habría■ if Mike came, there would be ten of us si viniera Mike, seríamos diez\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto be about to «+ inf» estar para + inf, estar a punto de + infto be or not to be ser o no serbe ['bi:] v, was ['wəz, 'wɑz] ; were ['wər] ; been ['bɪn] ; being ; am ['æm] ; is ['ɪz] ; are ['ɑr] viJosé is a doctor: José es doctorI'm Ana's sister: soy la hermana de Anathe tree is tall: el árbol es altoyou're silly!: ¡eres tonto!she's from Managua: es de Managuait's mine: es míomy mother is at home: mi madre está en casathe cups are on the table: las tazas están en la mesato be or not to be: ser, o no serI think, therefore I am: pienso, luego existohow are you?: ¿cómo estás?I'm cold: tengo fríoshe's 10 years old: tiene 10 añosthey're both sick: están enfermos los dosbe v impersit's eight o'clock: son las ochoit's Friday: hoy es viernesit's sunny: hace solit's very dark outside: está bien oscuro afuerabe v auxwhat are you doing? -I'm working: ¿qué haces? -estoy trabajandoit was finished yesterday: fue acabado ayer, se acabó ayerit was cooked in the oven: se cocinó en el hornocan she be trusted?: ¿se puede confiar en ella?you are to stay here: debes quedarte aquíhe was to come yesterday: se esperaba que viniese ayerbev.(§ p.,p.p.: was, were, been) = estar v.(§pres: estoy, estás...) pret: estuv-•)• ser v.(§pres: soy, eres, es, somos, sois, son) subj: se-imp: er-fu-•)biːˌ weak form bi
1.
2)a) (followed by an adjective)she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente
he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso
he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego
have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!
the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?
she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo
Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero
to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien
3)a) (followed by a noun) ser*who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?
it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel
if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría
b) ( play the role of) hacer* de4)how are you? — ¿cómo estás?
I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor
she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada
I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño
b) ( talking about age) tener*how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?
he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor
c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor
they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una
how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?
5)a) (exist, live)I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo
to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien
b) ( in expressions of time)don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)
I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy
how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?
c) ( take place) ser*6) (be situated, present) estar*where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?
where are you? — ¿dónde estás?
what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?
who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?
how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?
7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?
2.
v impers1)a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor
it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!
I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...
b) ( in expressions of time) ser*hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)
c) ( talking about distance) estar*it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí
2)a) (introducing person, object) ser*it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo
b) (in conditional use) ser*if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado
3.
v aux1) to be -inga) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + gerwhat was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?
she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...
how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?
b) ( with future reference)he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana
when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?
2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903
she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...
it is known that... — se sabe que...
3) to be to + infa) ( with future reference)if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...
b) ( expressing possibility)what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?
c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inftell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí
am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?
4) ( in hypotheses)what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?
5)she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?
so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas
are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)
she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no
[biː] (present am, is or are pt was or were pp been)I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?
1. INTRANSITIVE VERB1) (linking nouns, noun phrases, pronouns) serit's me! — ¡soy yo!
who wants to be Hamlet? — ¿quién quiere hacer de or ser Hamlet?
if I were you... — yo en tu lugar..., yo que tú... *
2) (possession) serUse [estar] with past participles used as adjectives describing the results of an action or process:it's round/enormous — es redondo/enorme
4) (changeable or temporary state) estarshe's bored/ill — está aburrida/enferma
how are you? — ¿cómo estás?, ¿qué tal estás?
how are you now? — ¿qué tal te encuentras ahora?
In certain expressions where English uses [be] + adjective to describe feelings ([be cold]/[hot]/[hungry]/[thirsty]), Spanish uses [tener] with a noun:I'm very well, thanks — estoy muy bien, gracias
I'm cold/hot — tengo frío/calor
I'm hungry/thirsty — tengo hambre/sed
afraid, sleepy, rightbe good! — ¡pórtate bien!
5) (age)"how old is she?" - "she's nine" — -¿cuántos años tiene? -tiene nueve años
6) (=take place) ser7) (=be situated) estarit's on the table — está sobre or en la mesa
where is the Town Hall? — ¿dónde está or queda el ayuntamiento?
it's 5 km to the village — el pueblo está or queda a 5 kilómetros
we've been here for ages — hace mucho tiempo que estamos aquí, llevamos aquí mucho tiempo, estamos aquí desde hace mucho tiempo
•
here you are(, take it) — aquí tienes(, tómalo)•
there's the church — ahí está la iglesiaa) (referring to weather) hacerit's hot/cold — hace calor/frío
b) (referring to time, date etc) serwake up, it's morning — despierta, es de día
what's the date (today)? — ¿qué fecha es hoy?
But note the following alternatives with [estar]:it's 3 May or the 3rd of May — es 3 de mayo
it's 3 May or the 3rd of May — estamos a 3 de mayo
c) (asking and giving opinion) seris it certain that...? — ¿es verdad or cierto que...?
is it fair that she should be punished while...? — ¿es justo que se la castigue mientras que...?
it is possible that he'll come — es posible que venga, puede (ser) que venga
it is unbelievable that... — es increíble que...
it's not clear whether... — no está claro si...
d) (emphatic) serwhy is it that she's so successful? — ¿cómo es que tiene tanto éxito?, ¿por qué tiene tanto éxito?
it was then that... — fue entonces cuando...
9) (=exist) haberthere is/are — hay
what is (there) in that room? — ¿qué hay en esa habitación?
is there anyone at home? — ¿hay alguien en casa?
there being no alternative solution... — al no haber or no habiendo otra solución...
let there be light! — ¡hágase la luz!
See:THERE IS, THERE ARE in there10) (=cost)how much was it? — ¿cuánto costó?
the book is £20 — el libro vale or cuesta 20 libras
how much is it? — ¿cuánto es?; (when paying) ¿qué le debo? frm
11) (=visit)has the postman been? — ¿ha venido el cartero?
have you ever been to Glasgow? — ¿has estado en Glasgow alguna vez?
12) (in noun compounds) futuro•
my wife to be — mi futura esposa•
been and * —you've been and done it now! — ¡buena la has hecho! *
that dog of yours has been and dug up my flowers! — ¡tu perro ha ido y me ha destrozado las flores!
•
you're busy enough as it is — estás bastante ocupado ya con lo que tienes, ya tienes suficiente trabajo•
if it hadn't been for..., if it hadn't been for you or frm had it not been for you, we would have lost — si no hubiera sido por ti or de no haber sido por ti, habríamos perdido•
let me be! — ¡déjame en paz!•
if that's what you want to do, then so be it — si eso es lo que quieres hacer, adelante•
what is it to you? * — ¿a ti qué te importa?2. AUXILIARY VERB1) (forming passive) serThe passive is not used as often in Spanish as in English, active and reflexive constructions often being preferred:it is said that... — dicen que..., se dice que...
she was killed in a car crash — murió en un accidente de coche, resultó muerta en un accidente de coche frm
what's to be done? — ¿qué hay que hacer?
•
it's a film not to be missed — es una película que no hay que perderse•
we searched everywhere for him, but he was nowhere to be seen — lo buscamos por todas partes pero no lo encontramos en ningún sitio2) (forming continuous) estarUse the present simple to talk about planned future events and the construction to talk about intention:what are you doing? — ¿qué estás haciendo?, ¿qué haces?
"it's a pity you aren't coming with us" - "but I am coming!" — -¡qué pena que no vengas con nosotros! -¡sí que voy!
will you be seeing her tomorrow? — ¿la verás or la vas a ver mañana?
will you be needing more? — ¿vas a necesitar más?
The imperfect tense can be used for continuous action in the past: for, sinceI'll be seeing you — hasta luego, nos vemos (esp LAm)
a)"he's going to complain about you" - "oh, is he?" — -va a quejarse de ti -¿ah, sí?
"I'm worried" - "so am I" — -estoy preocupado -yo también
"I'm not ready" - "neither am I" — -no estoy listo -yo tampoco
"you're tired" - "no, I'm not" — -estás cansado -no, ¡qué va!
"you're not eating enough" - "yes I am" — -no comes lo suficiente -que sí
"they're getting married" - "oh, are they?" — (showing surprise) -se casan -¿ah, sí? or -¡no me digas!
"he isn't very happy" - "oh, isn't he?" — -no está muy contento -¿ah, no?
"he's always late, isn't he?" - "yes, he is" — -siempre llega tarde, ¿verdad? -(pues) sí
"is it what you expected?" - "no, it isn't" — -¿es esto lo que esperabas? -(pues) no
"she's pretty" - "no, she isn't" — -es guapa -¡qué va!
he's handsome, isn't he? — es guapo, ¿verdad?, es guapo, ¿no?, es guapo, ¿no es cierto?
it was fun, wasn't it? — fue divertido, ¿verdad?, fue divertido, ¿no?
she wasn't happy, was she? — no era feliz, ¿verdad?
so he's back again, is he? — así que ha vuelto, ¿eh?
you're not ill, are you? — ¿no estarás enfermo?
3. MODAL VERB(with infinitive construction)1) (=must, have to)he's not to open it — no debe abrirlo, que no lo abra
I am to do it — he de hacerlo yo, soy yo el que debe hacerlo
I wasn't to tell you his name — no podía or debía decirte su nombre
2) (=should) deberam I to understand that...? — ¿debo entender que...?
she wrote "My Life", not to be confused with Bernstein's book of the same name — escribió "Mi Vida", que no debe confundirse con la obra de Bernstein que lleva el mismo título
he was to have come yesterday — tenía que or debía haber venido ayer
3) (=will)4) (=can)if it was or were to snow... — si nevase or nevara...
BEif I were to leave the job, would you replace me? — si yo dejara el puesto, ¿me sustituirías?
"Ser" or "estar"?
You can use "ser": ► when defining or identifying by linking two nouns or noun phrases:
Paris is the capital of France París es la capital de Francia
He was the most hated man in the village Era el hombre más odiado del pueblo ► to describe essential or inherent characteristics (e.g. colour, material, nationality, race, shape, size {etc}):
His mother is German Su madre es alemana
She was blonde Era rubia ► with most impersonal expressions not involving past participles:
It is important to be on time Es importante llegar a tiempo
Está claro que is an exception:
It is obvious you don't understand Está claro que no lo entiendes ► when telling the time or talking about time or age:
It is ten o'clock Son las diez
It's very late. Let's go home Es muy tarde. Vamos a casa
He lived in the country when he was young Vivió en el campo cuando era joven ► to indicate possession or duty:
It's mine Es mío
This is your responsibility Este asunto es responsabilidad tuya ► with events in the sense of "take place":
The 1992 Olympic Games were in Barcelona Los Juegos Olímpicos de 1992 fueron en Barcelona
"Where is the exam?" - "It's in Room 1" "¿Dónde es el examen?" - "Es en el Aula Número 1" NOTE: Compare this usage with that of estar (see below) to talk about location of places, objects and people.
You can use "estar": ► to talk about location of places, objects and people:
"Where is Zaragoza?" - "It's in Spain" "¿Dónde está Zaragoza?" - "Está en España"
Your glasses are on the bedside table Tus gafas están en la mesilla de noche NOTE: But use ser with events in the sense of "take place" (see above)}. ► to talk about changeable state, condition or mood:
The teacher is ill La profesora está enferma
The coffee's cold El café está frío
How happy I am! ¡Qué contento estoy! NOTE: Feliz, however, which is seen as more permanent than contento, is used mainly with ser. ► to form progressive tenses:
We're having lunch. Is it ok if I call you later? Estamos comiendo. Te llamaré luego, ¿vale?
Both "ser" and "estar" can be used with past participles ► Use ser in {passive} constructions:
This play was written by Lorca Esta obra fue escrita por Lorca
He was shot dead (by a terrorist group) Fue asesinado a tiros (por un grupo terrorista) NOTE: The passive is not used as often in Spanish as it is in English. ► Use estar with past participles to describe the {results} of a previous action or event:
We threw them away because they were broken Los tiramos a la basura porque estaban rotos
He's dead Está muerto ► Compare the use of ser + ((past participle)) which describes {action} and estar + ((past participle)) which describes {result} in the following:
The window was broken by the firemen La ventana fue rota por los bomberos
The window was broken La ventana estaba rota
It was painted around 1925 Fue pintado hacia 1925
The floor is painted a dark colour El suelo está pintado de color oscuro ► Ser and estar are both used in impersonal expressions with past participles. As above, the use of ser implies {action} while the use of estar implies {result}:
It is understood that the work was never finished Es sabido que el trabajo nunca se llegó a terminar
It is a proven fact that vaccinations save many lives Está demostrado que las vacunas salvan muchas vidas
"Ser" and "estar" with adjectives ► Some adjectives can be used with both ser and estar but the meaning changes completely depending on the verb:
He's clever Es listo
Are you ready? ¿Estás listo?
Chemistry is boring La química es aburrida
I'm bored Estoy aburrido ► Other adjectives can also be used with both verbs but the use of ser describes a {characteristic} while the use of estar implies a {change}:
He's very handsome Es muy guapo
You look great in that dress! Estás muy guapa con ese vestido
He's slim Es delgado
You're (looking) very slim ¡Estás muy delgada! For further uses and examples, see main entry* * *[biːˌ] weak form [bi]
1.
2)a) (followed by an adjective)she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente
he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso
he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego
have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!
the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?
she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo
Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero
to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien
3)a) (followed by a noun) ser*who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?
it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel
if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría
b) ( play the role of) hacer* de4)how are you? — ¿cómo estás?
I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor
she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada
I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño
b) ( talking about age) tener*how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?
he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor
c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor
they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una
how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?
5)a) (exist, live)I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo
to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien
b) ( in expressions of time)don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)
I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy
how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?
c) ( take place) ser*6) (be situated, present) estar*where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?
where are you? — ¿dónde estás?
what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?
who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?
how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?
7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?
2.
v impers1)a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor
it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!
I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...
b) ( in expressions of time) ser*hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)
c) ( talking about distance) estar*it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí
2)a) (introducing person, object) ser*it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo
b) (in conditional use) ser*if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado
3.
v aux1) to be -inga) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + gerwhat was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?
she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...
how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?
b) ( with future reference)he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana
when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?
2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903
she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...
it is known that... — se sabe que...
3) to be to + infa) ( with future reference)if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...
b) ( expressing possibility)what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?
c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inftell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí
am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?
4) ( in hypotheses)what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?
5)she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?
so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas
are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)
she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no
I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?
-
7 sit
1. I1) Parliament (the board, the committee, etc.) is sitting заседает парламент и т.д.; the court is sitting идет суд2) don't disturb hens when they are sitting когда курицы высаживают цыплят, их нельзя трогать2. II1) sit in some manner sit calmly (proudly, comfortably, awkwardly, upright, erect, side by side, back to back, etc.) сидеть спокойно и т.д.; sit closer together сядьте потеснее друг к другу, потеснитесь; he sat alone он сидел один /в одиночестве/; sit somewhere would you rather sit here? вам удобнее посидеть здесь?; you won't finish today if you just sit there вы сегодня не кончите, если будете сидеть сложа руки; let's go and sit out in the open пойдемте выйдем и посидим на свежем воздухе; sit at some time the hens don't sit this year в этом году куры плохо высиживают цыплят2) into some time sit far into the night (into the early hours of the morning, etc.) засиживаться до глубокой ночи и т.д. || sit at home сидеть дома, быть домоседом3) sit at some time the court sits next month заседание суда состоится в следующем месяце; they sit all the year round они заседают /у них проходят заседания/ круглый год; the committee sits regularly комиссия заседает /собирается/ регулярно4) sit in some manner the coat (the jacket, her dress, etc.) sits well (not too well, badly, etc.) пальто и т.д. сидит хорошо и т.д.3. IIIsit smb.1) she didn't know how to sit the guests она не знала, как рассадить гостей; our dining-room table sits [only] six people у нас за обеденный стол могут сесть [только] шесть человек2) sit a horse (a mule, a camel, etc.) сидеть /держаться/ на лошади и т.д.4. IVsit smb. in some manner sit a horse gracefully (well, badly, etc.) грациозно и т.д. сидеть /держаться/ на лошади5. XI1) be sat on these chairs are not to be sat on на эти стулья нельзя садиться2) be sat upon he has to be sat upon con, его следует осадить6. XIVsit doing smth. sit reading (looking at each other, writing, thinking, weeping, etc.) сидеть и читать и т.д.7. XVsit in some state sit silent (perfectly still, mute, alone, motionless, etc.) сидеть молча и т.д.; sit idle сидеть сложа руки: sit cross-legged сидеть, заложив нога на ногу; cheese sits heavy on the stomach сыр тяжел для желудка id sit tight coll. сидеть и не рыпаться8. XVI1) sit in (on, at, around, by, etc.) smth. sit in one's study (in the hall, in an armchair, in the middle of one's bed, etc.) сидеть в своем кабинете и т.д.; the birds are sitting in the tree птицы сидят на дереве; sit on the floor (on a.bench, on a branch, on the roof, on the platform, on the fence, on the throne, etc.) сидеть на полу и т.д.; sit [well] on horseback [хорошо] сидеть /держаться/ на лошади; sit on one's heels присесть /сидеть/ на корточках; the dog was sitting on its haunches собака сидела на задних лапах; sit at a table (at a desk, at a window, by the river, by the roadside, by his bedside, etc.) сидеть за столом и т.д.; they were sitting at the fire они сидели у камина; sit around the fire сидеть у /вокруг/ костра; sit around the room сидеть /рассесться/ по всей комнате; sit by /next to/ smb. sit by /next to/ one's wife сидеть рядом со своей женой2) sit oner / at/ smth. sit over one's books (over one's work, over the problem, at needlework, etc.) сидеть над книгами и т.д.; he sits for hours over each line он часами корпит над каждой строчкой; sit at tea (at dinner, etc.) сидеть за чаем и т.д.; sit over a glass of wine сидеть за стаканчиком вина; she sits a long time over her meals она долго сидит за едой, она медленно ест; sit over a pipe сидеть, покуривая трубку; sit through smth. sit through a long sermon высидеть всю длинную проповедь до конца; I could hardly sit through the play (through the performance, etc.) я едва высидел до конца пьесы и т.д. || sit by oneself сидеть в одиночестве3) sit on smth. the house (the city, etc.) sits [well] on the slope (on a hill, etc.) дом и т.д. [красиво] расположен на склоне горы и т.д.; the glass (the clock, etc.) sits on the table (on that shelf, etc.) стакан и т.д. стоит на столе и т.д.4) sit in smth. they sat in conference у них было заседание; sit at some time the committee sits on Thursdays комиссия заседает /собирается/ по четвергам; Parliament sits from August till October заседания парламента продолжаются с августа по октябрь; the House was still sitting at 8 o'clock в восемь часов палата все еще заседала; the judge will not sit on Saturday в субботу у судьи неприёмный день; sit on smth. sit on a case рассматривать /разбирать/ дело; а committee is sitting on the question по этому вопросу заседает комиссия; sit in /on/ smth. sit in Parliament (in Congress, on a committee, on a commission, on a board, on a jury, on court-martial, etc.) быть членом парламента и т.д.; sit for smth. sit for a constituency (for a borough of A, for Liverpool, etc.) представлять округ и т.д. (в парламенте и т.п.)5) sit for smth. sit for a portrait (for a photograph, etc.) позировать для портрета и т.д.; who sat for this statue? с кого лепили эту статую?; sit to smb. sit to an artist (to a sculptor, to a photographer, etc.) позировать художнику и т.д.6) sit for smth. sit for an examination (for one's finals, for a degree, for a scholarship, etc.) сдавать экзамен на что-л.7) sit on smb. her riding-habit doesn't sit well on her костюм для верховой езды сидит на ней не очень хорошо; her dress sits loosely on her платье на ней болтается9. XVIIIsit oneself on (in, at, etc.) smth. sit oneself on the sofa (on a mossy bank, in a corner, etc.) усаживаться /устраиваться/ на диване и т.д.; sit oneself at my side сядьте рядом со мной; sit oneself beside /next to/ smb. he sat himself beside /next to/ me он уселся рядом со мной10. XXI1sit smb. in (at, on) smth. sit the visitors in the hall усадить посетителей в холле; sit one's guests at the table (a child in a chair, the baby in a pram, etc.) посадить /усадить/ всех гостей за стол и т.д.; she sat the baby on her knees она посадила ребенка на колени; sit smb. for some time the waiter couldn't sit us for half an hour официант целых полчаса не мог найти для нас места11. XXVsit when... they were sitting when we came in они сидели, когда мы вошли -
8 light
I[lait] n լույս, լուսավորություն. in the light of լույսի ներքո. by the light of a candle մոմի լույսի տակ. get up at first light շատ վաղ արթնանալ. before the light fails նախքան մթնելը. you ‘re in my light լույսս փակում ես. need more light ավելի շատ լույսի կարիք ունենալ. in a good light լավ լուսավորված տեղում. bring to light փխբ. երևան հանել, մերկացնել. come to light երևան գալ, հայտնաբերվել. see the light փխբ. ծնվել, աշխարհ գալ see the red light փխբ. վախենալ. throw light լուսաբանել. show smn in a bad light փխբ. մեկին անբարենպաստ ձևով ներ կայացնել. cast a new light նոր լույս սփռել. He’s seen the light Նա սկսեց տեսնել. northern/ polar lights հյուսիսափայլ. (լույսի աղբյուր) ceiling light ջահ, առաստաղի ջահ. desk light սեղանի լամպ. bedside light գիշերային լամպ. wall light պա տի լամպ, բրա. street/town lights փո ղո ցային լապտեր. put the light on/out լույսը միացնել/անջատել. overhead light լուսավորություն վերևից. (ավտոմեքենա) car lights ավտո մեքենայի լույսեր. ցոլալապտեր (ֆառ) rear/breaking lights ավ տո մե քենայի հետևի լույսեր reversing light ար գե լա կ ման ազդանշան. parking light կայանելու լույ սեր emergency/ flashing lights վթարային ազ դանշանում landing lights ավ. վայրէջքի լույ սեր. (ճանապարհի նշաններ) Stop at the lights Կանգնեք լուսաֆորի/լուսակիրի մոտ. Don’t cross against the lights Կարմիր լույսի տակ մի անցեք. (կրակ) put a light to the bonfire խարույկ վառել. give me a light ծխախոտը վառել. strike a light լուցկի վառել. one of the leading lights փխբ. ականավոր մարդկանցից մեկը. The plan was given the green light Ծրագիրը կանաչ ճանա պարհ ստացավII[lait] a լուսավոր, բաց. It’s already light Արդեն լուսացել է. light complexion դեմքի բաց գույն. light blue/green երկնագույն. բաց կանաչ[lait] a թեթև. light breakfast/weight/steps թեթև նախաճաշ/քաշ/քայլեր. light beer/punishment/ reading թույլ գարեջուր. թեթև պատիժ. զվարճալի ընթերցանություն. light music/comedy թեթև երաժշտություն, ուրախ կատ ակեր գություն. with a light heart թեթև սրտով. a light eater քչակեր. a light sleeper զգայուն/թեթև քնող. light railway մսնգ. նեղգիծ երկաթուղի. (բարակ) light dress/coat/blanket թեթև շոր/վերարկու/ծածկոց. give light weight խսկց. թերակշռել. travel light քիչ/թեթև ուղեբեռով ճամփորդելIV[lait] v վառել. light a candle/the stove/a bonfire վառել մոմը/սալօջախը/խարույկը. (լուսա վո րել) The clock lights up at night Ժամացույցը գիշերը լույս է տալիս. It’s time to light up ժա մանակն է լույսը վառել. Her face lit up փխբ. Նրա դեմքը պայծառացավ
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