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1 κατεύχομαι
A pray earnestly, c. inf.,τοῖσι Πέρσῃσι κατεύχεται εὖ γίνεσθαι Hdt.1.132
; τί σοι κατεύξῃ τἀγαθόν (sc. γενέσθαι); E.l.c.2 c.acc. et inf., A.Ch. 139, Eu. 922 (lyr.), S.OC 1575 (lyr.); κ. τινί pray to one, A.Ch.88, E.Andr. 1105;κ. τῇ θεῷ ἀπάξειν Ath.13.573e
; κ. τινά c. inf., entreat a person to.., Theoc. 2.71.3 abs., make a prayer or vow, Hdt.2.40, 4.172, A.Ag. 1250, S.Tr. 764, etc.II in bad sense,1 c. gen. pers., pray against one, imprecate curses on one,τινῶν πρὸς τὸν θεόν Pl.R. 393a
: c. acc. rei,οἵας ἀρᾶται καὶ κ. τύχας A.Th. 633
, cf. S.Aj. 392;πολλὰ καὶ δεινὰ καθ' αὑτῶν Plu.Num.12
.2 c. acc. et inf.,τὸν δεδρακότα κακῶς.. ἐκτρῖψαι βίον S.OT 246
;κ. τεῖσαι τοὺς Ἀχαιοὺς τὰ ἃ δάκρυα Pl.R. 394a
.3 abs.,μηδὲν κατεύχου E.IT 536
, cf. Pl.Lg. 934e.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κατεύχομαι
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2 ναός
νᾱός, ὁ, [dialect] Dor., Thess., etc. form, Leg.Gort.1.42, IG9(2).517.45 (Larissa, iii B.C.), etc., used also in Trag. (even dialogue) to the exclusion of νεώς, S.El.8, E.Hipp.31, al., exc. A.Pers. 810, rare in [dialect] Att. Prose and Com., Pl.R. 394a, Lg. 738c, 814b, Arist.EN 1174a24, Posidipp. 29.1, more freq. in X., HG2.3.20, An.5.3.9, al., found in [dialect] Att. Inscrr.from iii B.C., IG22.1314.18, 1315.28, etc., and in Hellenistic and later Gr. (along with νεώς), SIG277 (Priene, iv B.C.), 214 (Phanagoria, iv B.C.), 494.3 (Delph., iii B.C.), LXX 1 Ki.1.9, al. ( νεώς only inA 2 Ma.), UPZ6.22 (ii B.C.), Plb.9.30.2 (νεώς Plb. 10.4.4
), etc.; [dialect] Ion.[full] νηός, always in Hom. and Hdt. (v. infr.), but gen. νε[ώ] IG12(7).1.4 (Amorgos, v B.C.); dat. (Samos, iv B.C.); [dialect] Att. [full] νεώς (Attic Inscrr. of v-iii B.C. (v. infr.), once in Trag. (v. supr.), freq. in Prose authors and found in Com. (v. infr.)); declension, nom.νεώς X.HG 1.6.1
; gen.νεώ IG12.4.9
,80.6, Ar.Pl. 733, IG22.1524.45, SIG1219.32 (Gambreum, iii B.C.); dat.νεῴ IG12.6.122
, 256.4, Antipho6.39, Alex.40.3, IG22.1504.7; acc. νεών ib.12.24.13, al., X.HG6.5.9, Ar. Nu. 401, Pl. 741, Philem.139, f.l. in E.HF 340, laterνεώ IG22.212.35
(iv B.C.), al., LXX 2 Ma.6.2, al., D.S.16.58 (v.l. νεών), SIG 877A10 (ii/ iii A.D.), v.l. in D.H.4.26, butνεών Aristid.Or.27(16).19
(v.l. νεώ), Ach.Tat.3.6 (v.l. νεώ Bast Epist.Crit.p.176), etc.: pl. nom.νεῴ X. HG6.4.7
; acc. , Isoc.5.117, Plb.10.4.4; dat.νεῴς IG12.384
; on the accent v. Hdn.Gr.1.8: [dialect] Aeol. [full] ναῦος Alc.9, IG12 (2).60.27 (Mytil.); Spartan [full] ναϝός ib.5(1).1564 (pl., found at Delos, v/iv B.C.):— temple, Il.1.39, al., Pi.O.13.21 (pl.), etc.II inmost part of a temple, shrine containing the image of the god, Hdt.1.183, 6.19, X.Ap.15, UPZl.c.;ἐν παντὶ ἱερῷ ὅπου ναός ἐστι PGnom.79
(ii A.D.).IV metaph., of Christians,ν. θεοῦ ἐστε 1 Ep.Cor. 3.16
; of the body of Christ, Ev.Jo.2.19,21. [ νᾰόν and iv (Phaestus, ii B.C.); elsewh. [pron. full] ᾱ.] (Perh. fr. νᾰς-ϝός, cf. ναίω.)------------------------------------A v. Νάϊος. -
3 οἰκοδόμησις
A act or manner of building, Th.3.2,21, Pl.Grg. 455b, Arist.EN 1152b14, etc.: pl.,ναῶν οἰ. Pl.R. 394a
.II = οἰκοδόμημα, Id.Criti. 117a, Lg. 778e (both pl.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > οἰκοδόμησις
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4 ποικίλλω
ποικ-ίλλω, [tense] fut. ποικῐλῶ Choerob.in An.Ox.2.250: [tense] aor. 1 inf. ποικῖλαι ([etym.] δια-) Isoc.9.9; part.A , Inscr.Délos 442A 206 (ii B.C.): [tense] pf.πεποίκιλκα D.H.Pomp.4
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pf. πεποίκιλμαι, v. infr.: ([etym.] ποικίλος):—work in various colours, work in embroidery,πώλους ἐν ἀνθοκρόκοισι πήναις E.Hec. 470
(lyr.), cf. IT 224(lyr.);ἐν αὐτῷ [τῷ φάρει] π. γῆν Pherecyd.Syr.2
; of any elaborate work, ἐν δὲ χορὸν ποίκιλλε with cunning workmanship he wrought a χορός, Il.18.590;ἀναθήματα π. Emp.23.1
;ἐν πετάλοις στεφανώματα π. Man.2.325
: metaph.,ποικίλλεται γαῖα πολυστέφανος Lyr.Adesp.104A.
2 embroider garments, etc., Inscr.Délos l.c.;μίτρα καναχηδὰ πεποικιλμένα Pi.N.8.15
: metaph., diversify, vary,ἀνθρώπων βίον E.Cyc. 339
, cf. Pl. Lg. 927e, Plu.Mar.23; π. ἱππικαῖς τάξεσι τὰς πορείας vary the order of march with troops of horse, X.Eq.Mag.4.3;π. ταῖς συλλαβαῖς Pl. Cra. 394a
;τρόπους D.H.Comp.12
, al.;σχημάτων μεταβολαῖς π. τοὺς λόγους Id.Is.3
;ἁρμονίαν Nicom.Harm.11
; π. εἴδη δυσκολίας.. παντοδαπά produces various kinds, Pl.Ti. 87a:—[voice] Pass., [πολιτεία] ὥσπερ ἱμάτιον ποικίλον πᾶσιν ἄνθεσι πεποικιλμένον, οὕτω.. πᾶσιν ἤθεσιν πεποικιλμένη Pl.R. 557c
;οὐκ ἐπαύξεται ἡ ἡδονή, ἀλλὰ μόνον ποικίλλεται Epicur.Sent.18
;τὸ φῶς τὸ ἐκεῖ τὸ ποικιλθὲν ἐν λόγοις τοῖς ἄστροις Plot. 2.1.7
.II of style, embellish, adorn,βαιὰ π.
tell with art and elegance,Pi.
P.9.77; of imaginative constructions,πολλά Hp.Morb.Sacr.1
;κάλλιστα τοῖς ὀνόμασι π. Pl.Mx. 235a
;οὐδὲν ξυνίημ' ὧν σὺ π. S.Tr. 1121
, cf. 412:—[voice] Pass.,Σπάρτη πεποίκιλται τρόπους E.Supp. 187
.III intr., vary, change, Hp.Prorrh.1.92, Coac. 182; πολλὰ ποικίλλει χρόνος makes many changes, Men.593.2.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ποικίλλω
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5 τέρας
τέρας, τό: gen. [dialect] Ep. αος (not in Hom. or Hes.), [dialect] Ion. εος Hdt.8.37: pl., nom. [dialect] Ep.Aτέραα Od.12.394
, [dialect] Ion.τέρεα Hdt.
l.c.,τεράᾰτᾰ D.P.604
, Q.S.5.43;τέρᾱ A.R.4.1410
, but ; τέρα (quantity not stated) [dialect] Att.acc. to Moer.p.369 P., cf.Ar.Ra. 1343; gen. [dialect] Ep.τεράων Il.12.229
,τερέων Alc.155
; [dialect] Att. τερῶν acc. to Moer.l.c., Thom.Mag.p.348 R.; dat. [dialect] Ep.τεράεσσι Il.4.398
, al.; later , al.: the forms τέρατ-ος, -ι, -α, -ων are Hellenistic, Moer.pp.366,369 P., Thom.Mag.p.348 R. (, al., τεράτων ib.Ps. 104 ( 105).27); gen. sg. τέρως v.l. in Paus.10.26.3: lengthd. metri gr.τείρεα Il.18.485
(= IG42(1).129.9), Arat.692, A.R. 3.1362;τείρεσιν h.Mart.7
; laterτείρεσσι IG14.2461.11
([place name] Massilia):— sign, wonder, marvel, portent,ἡμῖν μὲν τόδ' ἔφηνε τ. Ζεύς Il.2.324
; ᾐτέομεν δὲ θεὸν φῆναι τ. Od.3.173;τοῖσιν.. θεοὶ τέραα προὔφαινον 12.394
;τέρας ἧκε Κρόνου πάϊς 21.415
; Ζεὺς δ' Ἔριδα προΐαλλε.., πολέμοιοτ. μετὰ χερσὶν ἔχουσαν a sign of coming battle, Il.11.4; esp. of signs in heaven, ἀστέρα ἧκε Κρόνου πάϊς.., ναύτῃσι τ. 4.76;ἴρισσιν ἐοικότες, ἅς τε Κρονίων ἐν νέφεϊ στήριξε τ. μερόπων ἀνθρώπων 11.28
, cf. 17.548; and with pass. Verbs,τ. φανήτω Od.20.101
:—so always when the first syll. is lengthd., v. supr.:—also in Prose,ἢν δὲ χειμῶνος βροντὴ γένηται, ὡς τέρας θωμάζεται Hdt.4.28
, cf. 6.98;τ. πέμπειν X.Mem. 1.4.15
;ἐφάνη Hdt.7.57
;ἐπιγίνεταί σφι τέρεα Id.8.37
, cf. Hes.Th. 744, Pi.O.13.73, etc.; freq. in NT,σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα Ev.Marc.13.22
, al.II in concrete sense, monster, Διὸς τ. αἰγιόχοιο, of the Gorgon's head, Il.5.742; of a serpent, 12.209, h.Ap. 302; δάϊον τ., of Typhoeus, A.Pr. 354; ἀπρόσμαχον τ., of Cerberus, S.Tr. 1098; οὔρειον τ., of the Sphinx, E.Ph. 806 (lyr.); ταῦρον, ἄγριον τ. Id.Hipp. 1214, cf. 1247;ὅλον τ. ὀπτήσας.. βασιλεῖ παρέθηκε κάμηλον Antiph. 172.7
(anap.), cf. Epicr.3.13; used by Cicero of Caesar, Att.8.9.4.2 monstrous birth, monstrosity, Pl.Cra. 393b, 394a, Aeschin.3.111, Arist.GA 769b30, 773a3, Vett.Val.341.13; ὡς ἔθρεψεν ἔκπαγλον τ. A. Ch. 548.III in colloquial language,τέρας λέγεις καὶ θαυμαστόν Pl.Hp.Ma. 283c
, cf. Tht. 163d;τέρας λέγεις, εἰ.. Id.Men. 91d
; 'a marvel' of a cup, Theoc.1.56: pl., of incredible statements, Phld. Mus.p.74 K. -
6 χρῶμα
II colour, esp. of the skin or body, complexion, Hdt.2.32, 3.101, Hp. Aph.4.40, etc.;χρῶμα ἀλλάξαι E.Ph. 1246
, cf. Men.Epit. 466;μεθιστάναι τοῦ χρώματος Ar.Eq. 399
(lyr.);τὸ χ. διακεκναις μένος Id.Nu. 120
; παντοδαπὰ ἠφίει χρώματα changed colour continually, Pl.Ly. 222b; χ. διαμένον an unchanging colour (of the face), Nicol.Com.1.28; so of animals, x.Cyn.4.7.2 generally, colour, Gorg. ap. S.E.M. 7.85; defined by Zeno Stoic.1.26; χρώματα βάπτειν use pigments for dyeing, Pl.R. 429e; ἐκ τῶν χρωμάτων καὶ σχημάτων θεωρεῖν, i.e. look to the outside only, ib. 601a;διὰ τῶν χ. ἀπεικάζειν X.Mem.3.10.1
;χρώμασι καὶ σχήμασι μιμεῖσθαι Arist.Po. 1447a18
; περὶ χρωμάτων, title of treatise by Arist.;ἐναλείφειν τοῖς χ. Id.GA 743b24
;χρωμάτων κρᾶσις Luc.Zeux.5
; χρώματος ἔντριψις, of cosmetics, X. Cyr.1.3.2; ; of medicines, .IV complexion, character of style in writing, χρώματα [λέξεως] (of τὸ στριφνόν, τὸ τυκνόν, etc.) D.H.Amm.2.2;ποιητικῆς χρώματα Phld.Mus.p.84K.
, cf. Hermog.Id.1.12.2 metaph. in pl., ornaments, embellishments,ἀλλοτρίοις χ. καὶ κόσμοις Pl.Phdr. 239d
, cf. Grg. 465b; also of style or language, D.H.Comp. 20; of Music,γυμνωθέντα.. τῶν τῆς μουσικῆς χρωμάτων τὰ τῶν τοιητῶν Pl.R. 601b
.3 in Music, a modification of the simplest music:τὰ μέλη μεταβολαῖς καὶ χρώμασιν ὡς εὖ κέκραται Antiph.209.4
;χρώματα εὔχροα ἐκιθάρισε Philoch.66
:but esp.b chromatic scale or music, in PHib.1.13.22, cf. Cleonid.Harm.3, Bacch.Harm.23, etc.: χ.μαλακόν, ἡμιόλιον, τονιαῖον, Cleonid.Harm.7.4 Rhet., complexion, colourable pretence, Hermog.Stat.1,3(pl.), Arg.D.19<*>12.V of the factions in the Circus at Constantinople, Agath.5.14,21.VI Astrol., = χρόα1.3, complexion of heavenly bodies, Phld.D.3.9, Vett. Val.107.26. -
7 ἀνακαλέω
A call up or back, esp. of magical invocations: —in [voice] Med., call up the dead, A.Pers. 621, E.Hel. 966; χαλκοῦ πατάγοις τὸ φῶς [τῆς σελήνης] Plu.Aem.17.II call again and again; and so:1 invoke again and again, appeal to,θεούς Hdt.9.90
, E. Ph. 608, al.; ;τοὺς προγόνους D.25
.<*>7, etc.:—so in [voice] Med., ; invoke again, : c. inf., ἀνακαλοῦμαι ξυμμάχους ἐλθεῖν [ἀράς] S.OC 1376, cf. E. Tr. 469.2 summon, cite, Hdt.3.127, And.1.45; cite before a court, Lys.15.5:—[voice] Med., call to oneself, send for, summon, Hdt.2.121.ά, Arist.Ath.8.2;εἰς τοὺς μυρίους ἀ. X.HG7.4.33
.3 call by a name,Δαναούς Th.1.3
;ὀνομαστὶ ἀ. 7.70
;ἐξ ὀνόματος ἀ. D.H.8.65
; with the Art.,ἀνακαλοῦντες τὸν προδότην X.An.6.6.7
, cf. Cyr.3.3.4; :—[voice] Pass., Ἀργεῖος ἀνακαλούμενος proclaimed an Argive, S.El. 693; so prob. τῷ Λημνίῳ τῷδ' ἀνακαλουμένῳ πυρί yon fire famed as Lemnian, Id.Ph. 800.4 call on, call to, esp. for encouragement,ἀλλήλους X.Cyr.7.1.35
, etc.: —[voice] Med., rally,ὥσπερ πεφευγότας Pl.Phd. 89a
;εἴ τις κύνας ἐν θήρᾳ -οῖτο X.Cyr.1
6.19; simply, call to, Th.7.73: c. acc. cogn.,τίνα στοναχὰν.. ἀγκαλέσωμαι; E.Ph. 1490
; ἀνακαλεῖς με τίνα βοάν; with what cry dost thou call upon me? Id.HF 910.III call back, recall, mostly in [voice] Med., , etc.; recall a general from his command, Th.1.131; call back from battle, sound a retreat,X.
An.4.4.22; call dogs to heel, Pl.R. 440d ([voice] Pass.).2 restore to health, Dsc.2.34.3 in [voice] Med., recall, recollect oneself, Hp.Epid.1.26.ά, cf. Gal. 17(1).259; soἀ. τὸν νόον ἐξ ἀγνοίας Ti.Locr.104c
;ἀνάνηφε καὶ ἀνακαλοῦ σεαυτόν M.Ant.6.31
: hence, recall, make good,τὰ ἁμαρτήματα Lys.6.49
;ἐν ὀλίγῳ πάντα D.C.73.10
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀνακαλέω
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8 ἀποχωρέω
2 abs., depart,πάλιν ἀ. E.IT 265
; withdraw, ἐπὶ τὰ ἀναγκαῖα v.l. in X.Cyr. 1.6.36; esp. after a defeat, retire, retreat, Th.2.89, etc.;πρὸς τὴν πόλιν X.HG4.4.11
;ἐπὶ τῆς Κορίνθου Th.2.94
.3ἀ.ἐκ τῶν πόλεων
.. withdraw from.., give up possession of,X.
HG5.2.13.b metaph., withdraw or dissent from opinions,δοξῶν Gal.15.356
, cf. Arr.Epict.4.1.53.4 turn out, succeed, Phld.Rh.1.105S.; of persons, κατὰ τρόπον ἀ. to be successful, ib.2.259S.5 have recourse, εἴς, ἐπί τι, D.25.78.37.21.II pass off, esp. of the excretions of the body, Hp.Judic.10, X.Cyr.1.2.16; excrements,Id.
Mem.1.4.6; excretion,Arist.
GA 725b15.III of places, to be distant,μέρη ἀποκεχωρηκότα Plb.15.27.8
; ἀ. ὡς πόδα to be a foot apart, Apollod.Poliorc.165.1.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀποχωρέω
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9 ἐπωνυμία
A derived or significant name, as Ἔπαφος, A.Supp.45 (lyr.); Πολυνείκης, Id.Th. 829 (lyr.); ἐ. ποιεῖσθαι ἀπό or ἐπί τινος, Hdt.2.42, 1.94 ;ὅθεν ἔθεντο τὰς ἐ. Id.4.45
; ἔχειν ἐ. ἐπί τινος ibid.;καλεῖσθαι ἐ. ἐπί τινος Id.1.14
;κατὰ τὴν ἐ. τινὸς κληθῆναι Id.1.173
; ἐ. ἔχειν or σχεῖν τινός, Id.4.15, Pl.Criti. 114a ; ἐ. ἀπό τινος ἔχειν, ἐγκαταλιπεῖν, λαβεῖν, Hdt.7.121, Th.2.102, Pl.Phdr. 238c ; τῆς θεοῦ ἐπωνυμίας ἄξιος the name derived from her, Id.Lg. 626d ; τὴν τῇδε ἐ. αὐτοῦ its namesake here, Id.Phdr. 250e ;ἐ. ἀφ' ἑαυτῶν παρέχεσθαι Th.1.3
; but ἐ. σχεῖν χώρας to have the naming of it, i.e. have it named after one, ib.9 ;ἐ. τινὶ Μαργίτην τίθεσθαι
as a nickname,Aeschin.
3.160 ;προσείληφε τὴν ἐ...συκοφάντης Id.2.99
;ἔχουσα τὴν ἐ. τὴν τοῦ ὃ ἔστιν Pl.Phd. 92d
: folld. by inf., ἐ. ἔχει σμικρός τε καὶ μέγας εἶναι he has the name of being, ib. 102c ;ἀποβαιεῖν τὴν ἐ. τὸ.. καλὸς κἀγαθὸς κεκλῆσθαι X.Oec.12.2
;ἐ. ἔχοντος Θασίου εἶναι Hdt.2.44
: acc. as Adv., Ὀλυμπίῳ ἐπωνυμίην θύειν by surname, ibid.;ἀπὸ τῆς κυψέλης ἐ. Κύψελος οὔνομα ἐτέθη Id.5.92
.έ.2 generally, name, title,θεῶν -ίαι Id.2.4
, cf. Pl.R. 394a, PHal.1.251 (iii B.C.), etc.;συγγραμμάτων Sor.Vit.Hippocr.13
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπωνυμία
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10 ἰδιωτικός
A of or for a private person, private, σῖτος καὶ ἑωυτοῦ καὶ ἰ. Hdt.1.21;πύργος Id.4.164
; opp.δημόσιος, ἱερά SIG1015.9
(Halic.); opp. κοινός, οἰκίαι ib.987.5 (Chios, iv B.C.); opp. βασιλικός, Pl.Criti. 117b, cf. Isoc.9.72; ἰ. σύγγραμμα, opp. πολιτικόν, Pl.Phdr. 258d; ἰ. τριήρεις, opp. the Paralos, D.21.174; οἰωνὸς οὐκ ἰ., i.e. indicating royalty, X.An.6.1.23; ἰ. τράπεζα private bank, PLond.3.1168.21 (i A.D.); δάνεια, opp. δημόσια, ib.932.8 (iii A.D.);συμβόλαια D.H.10.57
; ἰ. λόγοι speeches in private suits, Id.Dem.56; καθαρὸς ἀπὸ δημοσίου ἢ ἰ. free from public or private encumbrance, BGU446.15 (ii A.D.); ἰ. κανών impost on private land, POxy.2124.10 (iv A.D.).II not done by rules of art, unprofessional, amateurish, Pl.Euthd. 282d; φαῦλον καὶ ἰ. Id.Hp.Ma. 287a, Ion 532e;λέξις S.E.M.1.234
;λήμματα Gal. 5.213
; of language, commonplace, everyday,τὸ ἰ. Arist.Po. 1458a21
, 32, cf. D.L.10.13 ([comp] Sup.); but also, vulgar, Phld.Po.2.71, Longin. 43.1. Adv.,μὴ φαύλως μηδὲ -κῶς Pl.Lg. 966e
;ἰ. καὶ γελοίως Id.Euthd. 278d
;ἰ. ἔχειν Id.Cra. 394a
; ἰ. τὸ σῶμα ἔχειν, i.e. to neglect gymnastic exercises, Id.Lg. 839e, X.Mem.3.12.1; also, in a special way, Phld.D.3.8.III of persons, unprofessional, Apollon.Cit. 3.V ἰ. βίος cloistered life, Marcellin.Puls. 138.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἰδιωτικός
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11 θλῖψις
θλῖψις, εως, ἡ (s. θλίβω; on the accent s. B-D-F §13; W-S. §6, 3c; Mlt-H. 57.—KLipsius, Grammat. Untersuchungen über d. bibl. Gräz. 1863, 34f, prefers to write θλίψις; so also W-H.) rare in extra-Biblical Gk., and there lit., ‘pressing, pressure’ (Aristot., Meterol. 4, 4, 383a, 13; Epicurus p. 45, 9 Us.; Ps.-Aristot., De Mundo 4, 394a, 29; Strabo, Galen).① in our lit. (as in LXX, En, Test12Patr, JosAs cod. A; Just., D. 116, 2; Mel.) freq. and in the metaph. sense trouble that inflicts distress, oppression, affliction, tribulation (so Vett. Val. 71, 16; Cat. Cod. Astr. VIII/3 p. 175, 5; 178, 8; pl. 169, 2 [s. Boll 134f]; OGI 444, 15 [II or I B.C.] διὰ τὰς τ. πόλεων θλίψεις; BGU 1139, 4 [I B.C.]; POxy 939, 13; PAmh 144, 18). Of distress that is brought about by outward circumstances (Jos., Ant. 4, 108; En, PsSol, Mel.; Did., Gen. 116, 10), in sg. and pl. Ac 11:19; Ro 5:3b; 12:12; 2 Cor 1:8; 6:4; 8:2; Rv 1:9; 2:9, 22; 1 Cl 22:7 (Ps 33:18); 59:4; 2 Cl 11:4 (quot. of unknown orig.); Hs 7:4ff. ἐπὶ πάσῃ τῇ θ. ἡμῶν 2 Cor 1:4a; 7:4; 1 Th 3:7; ἐν πάσῃ θ. (TestGad 4:4) 2 Cor 1:4b; ἐν (τ.) θ. Ro 5:3a; Eph 3:13; 1 Th 1:6; 3:3. ἐν πολλαῖς θ. καὶ ποικίλαις Hs 7, 4. θ. μεγάλη great tribulation (SibOr 3, 186) Mt 24:21 (1 Macc 9:27); Ac 7:11; Hv 4, 2, 4. Plural Hv 3, 2, 1. ἡ θ. ἡ μεγάλη the great tribulation Rv 7:14; τὸ ἐλαφρὸν τῆς θ. slight affliction 2 Cor 4:17. ἀνταποδοῦναί τινι θλῖψιν repay someone w. affliction 2 Th 1:6. W. ἀνάγκη (q.v. 2) 1 Th 3:7. W. διωγμός Mt 13:21; Mk 4:17; Ac 8:1 D; 13:50 D; pl. 2 Th 1:4. W. δεσμά (TestJos 2:4) Ac 20:23. W. ὀνειδισμός Hb 10:33. W. στενοχωρία (q.v.) Ro 2:9. W. στενοχωρία and διωγμός 8:35 (w. λιμός and στενοχωρία Hippol., Ref. 5, 26, 12).—On the catalogue of hardships (peristasis) cp. 1 Cor 4:9–13; 2 Cor 4:8f; 6:4–10; 11:23–28; 12:10; Phil 4:11; s. FDanker, Augsburg Comm. 2 Cor ’89, 89–91; 180f; idem, The Endangered Benefactor in Luke-Acts: SBLSP ’81, 39–48; JFitzgerald, Cracks in an Earthen Vessel ’88; MFerrari, Die Sprache des Leids in den paulinischen Persistasen-katalogen ’91; MEbner, Leidenslisten u. Apostelbrief ’91.—ἡμέρα θλίψεως day of affliction (Gen 35:3; 2 Km 22:19; cp. En 103:9; TestLevi 5:5) 1 Cl 52:3 (Ps 49:15).—Of the tribulations of the last days (as Da 12:1) Mt 24:21, 29; Mk 13:19, 24. ἡ θ. ἡ ἐρχομένη ἡ μεγάλη the great tribulation to come Hv 2, 2, 7; cp. 2, 3, 4; 4, 1, 1; 4, 2, 5; 4, 3, 6.—Distress caused by war 1 Cl 57:4 (Pr 1:27). θ. θανάτου affliction of death B 12:5. Difficult circumstances 2 Cor 8:13; Js 1:27; συγκοινωνεῖν τῇ θ. show an interest in (someone’s) distress Phil 4:14. Of a woman’s birth-pangs J 16:21.—ὅταν γένηται θ. when persecution comes Hv 3, 6, 5. θλῖψιν ἀκούειν hear of persecution Hs 9, 21, 3. θλῖψιν ἔχειν J 16:33; 1 Cor 7:28; Rv 2:10; Hv 2, 3, 1; Hs 7:3. ἐὰν ὑπενέγκῃ τὰς θλίψεις τὰς ἐπερχομένας αὐτῷ Hs 7:4; cp. 7:6. ἐξείλατο αὐτὸν ἐκ πασῶν τῶν θλίψεων αὐτοῦ Ac 7:10. διὰ πολλῶν θ. εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τ. βασιλείαν 14:22. τότε παραδώσουσιν ὑμᾶς εἰς θλῖψιν Mt 24:9; cp. B 12:5. ἀποστήσεται πᾶσα θ. ἀπὸ σοῦ … ἀπὸ πάντων ἀποστήσεται ἡ θ. Hs 7, 7.—Of the sufferings of Christ θλίψεις τοῦ Χριστοῦ Col 1:24 (s. on ἀνταναπληρόω and πάθημα 1).② inward experience of distress, affliction, trouble (Gen 35:3; 42:21 θ. τῆς ψυχῆς) θ. καὶ συνοχὴ καρδίας trouble and anguish of heart 2 Cor 2:4. θλῖψιν ἐγείρειν τοῖς δεσμοῖς μου cause trouble for me in my imprisonment Phil 1:17. Ἅννα … περιείλατο πᾶσαν θλῖψιν ἀπʼ αὐτῆς GJs 2:4 (cod. A, not pap; s. περιαιρέω 1).—DELG s.v. θλίβω. M-M. TW.
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