ὀλε-τήρ

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to wreck, to destroy, to lose', midd. intr. `to go to waste, to be ruined, to be lost' (Il.).

Other forms: - ύω, - ύομαι (Archil.), ὀλέκω, - ομαι (Il.), aor. ὀλέσαι, ὀλέσθαι (Il.), pass. ὀλεσθῆναι (LXX), fut. ὀλέσ(σ)ω (ep.), ὀλέω (Ion.), ὀλῶ (Att.), ὀλέομαι, ὀλοῦμαι (Il.), perf. ὀλώλεκα (Att.), intr. ὄλωλα (Il.); as simplex only ep.;

Compounds: Very often w. prefix, esp. ἀπ- (in Att. prose monopol.), with ἐξαπ-, συναπ-, προσαπ- etc., also with δι-, ἐξ- a.o.

Derivatives: 1. ὄλεθρος m. `destruction, ruin, loss, death' (Il.) with ὀλέθρ-ιος `baneful' (Il.), - ιάω `to be dying' (Archig; after the verbs of disease in - ιάω, Schwyzer 732), ( ἐξ-ὀλεθρ-εύω, assim. ( ἐξ-)ὀλοθρ-εύω `to destroy' (LXX) with - ευσις, - ευμα, - εία (beside - ία; Scheller Oxytonierung 39), - ευτής; NGr. ξολοθρεύω. 2. ἀπόλε-σις f. `loss' (Hippod. ap. Stob.); as 1. member e.g. in ὀλεσ-ήνωρ `destroying men' (Thgn. [?], Nonn.; Sommer Nominalkomp. 183), ὠλεσί-καρπος `losing fruit' (κ 510 a.o.; ὠ- metr. condit.). 3. ὀλε-τήρ, - ῆρος m. `destroyer, killer' (Σ 114 a.o.; on the meaning Benveniste Noms d'agent 35 a. 43), - τειρα f. (Batr.; ἀνδρ-ολέτειρα Hes., A.), - της m. ( Epigr. Gr.; ἀνδρ-ολέτης poet. inscr.), - τις f. (AP), παιδ-ολέτωρ, - ορος m. f. `child killer' (A. in lyr.); details in Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 127 n. 1. -- On the PN Όλετᾶς (Hali- carn. etc.; Carian?) Masson Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 10, 163f.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [306] * h₃elh₁- `destroy'

Etymology: The disyll. full grade in ὄλε-θρος, ὀλέ-σαι a.o. has beside it a monosyll. zero grade in ὄλλυμι from *ὄλ-νυ-μι (from an older *h₃l̥-n-eh₁-mi \> *ολνημι); thus e. g. στορέ-σαι: στόρ-νυ-μι. Orig. disyll. also in ὀλέ-σθαι (if athematic), to which with thematic transfomation ὀλόμην etc.? On ὀλέ-κ-ω cf. ἐρύ-κ-ω a.o., on the ptc. aor. ὀλόμενος Kretschmer Glotta 27, 236 f. (against Specht KZ 63, 219 f.). Details on the morphology in Schwyzer 363, 696, 702 a. 747, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 302 f., 329 a. 391; on the vocalism also Sánchez Ruiperez Erner. 17, 107 f. -- From Greek here also ὀλοός `pernicious, fatal'; further isolated. On wrong hypotheses s. W.-Hofmann s. aboleō, dēleō and volnus; also WP. 1, 159 f. and Pok. 306 (w. lit.).

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Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `call, by name = name (verb)' (Il.)

Other forms: ep. also κικλήσκω, Aeol. κάλημι, Cypr. καλήζω, aor. καλέσ(σ)αι (Il.), pass. κληθῆναι (Archil.), fut. καλέω (IA. since Γ 383), καλῶ (Att.), καλέσω (young Att., hell.), perf. med. κέκλημαι with fut. κεκλήσομαι (Il.), act. κέκληκα (Ar.).

Compounds: very often with prefix, e. g. ἀνα-, ἐν-, ἐκ-, ἐπι-, παρα-, προ-, προσ-, συν-, As 1. member in καλεσσί-χορος `calling to the dance' (Orph. L. 718; Schwyzer 443f.); on ὁμο-κλη ( ὀμ-), - κλέω, - άω s. v.

Derivatives: With disyll. stem: 1. καλήτωρ adjunct of κῆρυξ `Caller' (Ω 577), also as PN (Ο 419) with Καλητορίδης (Ν 541); καλη- as in καλή-μεναι (Κ 125; Aeol. athemat. formation?), perhaps after κλη- (Schulze Q. 16f., Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 17), if not metrically lenghtned (Solmsen Unt. 17); diff. again Schwyzer 531 n. 7 (after καλέω etc. for κλη-); thus 2. Καλήσιος (Ζ 18); 3. κάλεσις = κλῆσις, `nominative' (gramm.). - With monosyll. stem: 4. κλῆσις `call, invitation, summons etc.' (Att. hell.), often from the prefixed verbs, e. g. ἐπίκλη-σις `surname' (Il.); 5. - κλημα, e. g. ἔγκλη-μα `reproach, accusation' (Att.) with ἐγκλήμων, - ματικός, - ματίζω etc. 6. κλητήρ, - ῆρος `herald, witness' (A., Att.); ὁμοκλη-τήρ `who calls' (Il.) from ὁμοκλη, - έω (s. v.); ἀνακλητήρια n. pl. `feast when a king is nominated' (Plb.); 7. κλήτωρ, - ορος `witness', also PN (hell.), after κλητήρ (Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 17f.; on καλήτωρ: κλητήρ Benveniste Noms d'agent 29, 40, 46). - 8. κλητός `called, invited, wellcome' (Hom.; Ammann Μνήμης χάριν 1, 14 a. 21) with κλητεύω `call to justice etc.' (Att.), ( ἀνα- etc.) - κλη-τικός; often from the prefixed verbs, e. g. ἔκκλη-τος ` called in' (IA. Dor.) with the collective abstract ἐκκλησία `(called) meeting' (IA.), `community, church' (LXX, NT); with ἐκκλησι-άζω and - αστής, - ασμός etc.; with nominal 1. member as compound [Zusammenbildung] in πολύ-κλη-τος `often called', i. e. `called on from many sides ' (Δ 438, Κ 420; diff., not convincing, Kronasser Sprache 3, 172f.). - 9. κλή-δην `by name' (Ι 11; cf. ἐξονομακλήδην); 10. ἐπίκλη-ν ` with (sur)name' (Pl.; Schwyzer 425). - Deverbative formation καλιστρέω = καλέω (D. 47, 60 from Harp., Call.; prob. first from a noun, cf. ἐλαστρέω and Schwyzer 706). - On κληΐζω, κληδών ( κλεη-, κληη-) s. κλέος.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [548] * k(e)lh₁- ` call'

Etymology: The disyll. verbal stem in καλέ-σαι (analogical καλέσσαι), as in ὀλέ-σαι, ἀρό-σαι etc. (Schwyzer 752); with κλη- in κέ-κλη-μαι, κι-κλή-σκω, κλη-τός compare βλη- in βέ-βλη-μαι, βλη-τός, from zero grade *kl̥h₁-. Beside monosyllabic κλη- (beside καλέ-σαι) Latin has clā- ( clā- mare, clā- rus; beside calā-re). The present καλέ-ω is no doubt an innovation, prob. to καλέσαι (Fraenkel Mélanges Boisacq 1, 367; diff. on καλέω, καλέσαι Specht KZ 59, 85ff.). - (Not cognate are κέλαδος ` noise'.) The α-vowel in καλέ-σαι will go back to a sonantic l̥ ; the same vowel is found in Italic, Lat. calāre ` declare', Umbr. kařetu (\< * kalē- tōd); further the not fully explained OHG, OS halōn `call, fetch' (= calāre), Hitt. kalleš- `call', Skt. uṣā- kal-a- `call' (s. ἠϊκανός). As in the semant. close IE. * kan- (s. καναχή) the a is clearly very old (is it connected with the onomatop. charcater of the verb?). - Forms in Pok. 548ff.; further W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. calō.

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