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δῖον

  • 81 δῖα

    δῖος, δῖα, δῖον (δῖϝος, Διός): divine, an epithet applied with great freedom and with consequent weakening of force; only fem. as applied to gods, δῖα θεά, Il. 10.290; δἶ Ἀφροδίτη, so δῖα θεάων, also δῖα γυναικῶν, ‘divine of women’; applied to Charybdis, Od. 12.104; to the swineherd Eumaeus (‘noble’), Od. 16.56; to one of Hector's horses, Il. 8.185; also to inanimate things, the sea, earth, lands, rivers.

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  • 82 δίω

    δίω, ipf. δίε, δίον, mid. subj. δίηται, δίωνται, opt. δίοιτο: act., intrans., flee, Il. 22.251; fear, be afraid; mid., causative, scare or drive away; of the hound, οὔ τι φύγεσκε κνώδαλον ὅττι δίοιτο, that he ‘started,’ ‘chased,’ Od. 17.317; ἐπεί κ' ἀπὸ ναῦφι μάχην ἐνοπήν τε δίηται, ‘repel,’ Il. 16.246.

    A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > δίω

  • 83 δοκέω

    δοκέω, aor. δόκησε: think, fancy, usually seem; δοκέω ϝῖκησέμεν Ἕκτορα δῖον, Il. 7.192; δοκέει δέ μοι ὧδε καὶ αὐτῷ | λώιον ἔσσεσθαι, Il. 6.338.

    A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > δοκέω

  • 84 βύβλος

    Grammatical information: m.
    Meaning: The Egyptian papyrus, `Cyperus Papyrus', `its stalks, bark, roll, paper' (Hdt.).
    Derivatives: βύβλινος (Od.), βίβλινος (Pap.) `made of p.'; (both) also a kind of wine, s. DELG; also βίμβλινος (LSJSup.and H., s. above). βυβλιά (accent s. Wackernagel-Debrunner Phil. 95, 191f.) `plantation of p.' (Tab. Heracl.; but s. Scheller Oxytonierung 47). - βυβλίον, βιβλίον ( s. Kretschmer KZ 57, 253 A.) `paper, book' (Ion.-Att.). βιβλῑ́διον with strange long i. βίμβλις, - ιδος `cords of β.', cf. βιβλίδες τὰ βιβλία η σχοινία τὰ ἐκ βίβλου πεπλεγμένα (EM 197, 30).
    Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]
    Etymology: The papyrusrind was supposedly called after the Phoenician harbour Byblos, from where it was brought to Greece. But as this town was Phoen. Gbl, Acc. Gublu, Hebr. Gebāl the Greek form is difficult to understand. E. Masson, Emprunts 101-7 concludes that the word is of unknown origin and the town was called after it. Objections by Hemmerdinger, Glotta 48 (1970) 253 (unclear). Therefore Alessio Studi etr. 18 (1944) 122f. assumed that the word was Pre-Gr. Furnée 364 gives evidence for υ\/ι in Pre-Greek (the forms with - ι- appears to be old, not due to late assimilation; cf. Kretchmer, KZ 57, 253). Pre-Greek origin is also strongly suggested by the prenasalised forms (hardly expressive). - Cf. πάπυρος.
    See also: s. βίβλος.
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    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βύβλος

  • 85 δείδω

    Grammatical information: v.
    Meaning: `fear' (Il.)
    Other forms: old perfect \< *δέ-δϜοι-α; plur. δείδιμεν \< *δέ-δϜι-μεν, with new sing. δείδια (Il.; Debrunner Mus. Helv. 3, 44f.), Att. δέδιμεν, δέδια; new perfect δείδοικα, Att. δέδοικα \< *δέ-δϜοι-κα (doubtful δεδροικώς [for δεδϜοι-] \<δε\> δοικώς H.?), with new present δεδοίκω, fut. δεδοικήσω (Sicily); sigmatic aorist δεῖσαι (Il.) \< *δϜεῖ-σαι ( ἔδδεισε \< *ἔ-δϜει-σε), themat. root aor. in περὶ γὰρ δίε (Ε 566 etc.) and δίον (Χ 251) \< *δϜί-ε, - ον (Il.); see on δίεμαι; fut. δείσομαι (Il.). - S. Schwyzer 769, 774, 782.
    Derivatives: To δείδω: δειδ-ήμων (Γ 56, Nonn.) after the adj. in - ήμων ( δαή-μων etc.). To δεῖσαι: δεισίλος δειλός H.; to δέδοικα: δεδείκελον ἀεὶ φοβούμενον, δειλόν H. - Express. deverb. δειδίσσομαι (ep.), Att. δεδίττομαι, aor. δειδίξασθαι, δεδίξασθαι `be frightened', first \< *δεδϜικι̯ομαι unless analogical after the verbs in *-( ί)σσω. Innovation after the σκ-verbs δεδίσκομαι (Ar.). - δέος, δεῖμα, δειλός, δεινός s.s.vv.
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [227] * duei- `fear'
    Etymology: The comparison with Arm. erknč̣im etc. `fear' is rejected by Kortlandt AAL 10 (1989) 43-52. From Iranian here Av. dvaēʮā `threat'. With s- and different meaning Skt. dvéṣṭi `hate'. Further perhaps Lat. dīrus `fearful' (if dialectal from *du̯ei-ros). - Further to δίς, δύω s. Benveniste Word 10, 254f.
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  • 86 ἰχθῦς

    ἰχθῦς, - ύος
    Grammatical information: m.
    Meaning: `fish' (Il.; on the accent Schwyzer 377f. and Berger Münch. Stud. zur Sprachwiss. 3, 7).
    Compounds: Often as 1. member, mostly with added ο, e. g. ἰχθυο-πώλης (Com.) beside ἰχθυ-βόλος (A., AP ; - βολεύς Nic., Call.; Boßhardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 64). As 2. member in ἄν-, εὔ-, πολύ-ϊχθυς (Str.), also πολυ-ΐχθυος (h. Ap. 417; metr. easy).
    Derivatives: Diminutivum ἰχθύδιον (Com., pap., prob. from - υ-ΐδιον \> -ύ̄διον; later -ῠ-; Schwyzer 199 and Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 177f.; diff. Chantraine Formation 70). Othe subst.: ἰχθύᾱ, Ion. - ύη `dried fish(skin), fishery' (medic., pap.); ἰχθυήματα pl. (rarely sg.) `fish-scales' (Hp.); ἰχθυΐα `fishery' (Procl.; cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 41); ἰχθυεῖον `fishmarket' (Nesos; uncertain); ἰχθυόνερ ἰχθυαγωγοί H.; cf. Schwyzer 487. - Adjectives: ἰχθυόεις `rich in fish, consisting of fish' (H.; on the formation Debrunner Άντίδωρον 28ff.); ἰχθυώδης `rich in fish, fish-like' (Hdt.); ἰχθυηρός `consisting of fish, scaly, polluted' (Ar., Ph.; on the unpleasant side Chantraine Formation 233), ἰχθυηρά f. `fish-taxes' (pap.; Mayser 1: 3, 96); ἰχθυϊκός `regarding fish, fish-like' (LXX), - ική `fish-toll' (Magnesia, Ephesos); ἰχθυακός `id.' (Aq., Sm., Thd.); ἰχθύϊνος `id.' (Ael.). - Verbs: ἰχθυάω `fish', also intr. `behave like a fish' (Od.), also ἰχθυάζομαι `fish' (AP). Cf. the derivv. of ἅλς: ἁλι-εύς, - εύω, - εία etc., which compete with the ἰχθῦς-group.
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [416] *dǵhuH- `fish'
    Etymology: Old word for `fish' in gen., found in Armenian and Baltic: Arm. ju-kn (with the same enlargement as in mu-kn: μῦς), Lith. žuvìs, gen. pl. žuv-ų̃, Latv. zuvs. On the Greek vowelprothesis Schwyzer 413; on the initial consonants ibd. 325, Deroy L'Ant. class. 23, 306ff., Merlingen Μνήμης χάριν 2, 53; cf. on ἰκτῖνος, χθών and χθές. The long vowel represents a laryngeal. The word is now reconstructed *dǵhuH-. - Beside the central word ἰχθῦς- jukn - žuvìs there was in the West (Latin, Celtic, Germanic) a different word for `fish', Lat. piscis, OIr. īasc, NHG Fisch.
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    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἰχθῦς

  • 87 καλιά

    Grammatical information: f.
    Meaning: `hut, barn, granary, nest' (Hes.); καλιός m. `hut, scale' (Epich., Cratin.).
    Other forms: Iion. - ιή
    Derivatives: - Diminutive καλί̄διον (Eup.); καλιάς, - άδος f. `hut, sest, chapel' (Attica IVa, D. H., Plu.) with καλιάδιον (Delos IIa).
    Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
    Etymology: Through the almost generally long ῑ (Scheller Oxytonierung 91) καλιά distinguishes itself from the oxytona in - ιά. As the etymological connection is therefore unclear, the connection with καλύπτω etc. (s. v.) becomes doubtfull. Acc. to Pisani IF 58, 246 here Osc. kaíla `aedem, sacellum' with metathesis (?). (Not to Skt. kulā́ya- n. (m.) `wicker-work, nest, house' s. Mayrhofer KEWA s. v.
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  • 88 λύχνος

    Grammatical information: m.,
    Meaning: `(portable) light, lamp' (τ 34), also as fishname (Str., H., as lat. lucerna ; after its lighting organs, evt after the exterior form, Strömberg Fischnamen 55f.).
    Other forms: pl. also τὰ λύχνα, to which sg. λύχνον (cf. Schwyzer-Debrunner 37, Sommer Nominalkomp. 88)
    Compounds: Several compp., e.g. λυχνοῦχος m. `lamp-stander, lighter' (com.), also as 2. member as in θερμό-λυχνον = λυχν-έλαιον `lamp-oil' (Att. inscr.).
    Derivatives: 1. Diminut.: λυχνάριον (pap.), λυχνίσκος fishname (Luc.; cf. above). 2. name of a lighter: λυχνεῖον (com., Arist., hell. inscr.) with λυχνείδιον (-ί̄διον), λυχνίον, - ιον (Antiph., Theoc., Luc.), also `lamp' (pap.), λυχνία, - έα, - εία (hell.; Scheller Oxytonierung 44 f.). 3. name of the ruby that emits light: λυχνίας λίθος (Pl. Com.), λυχνίτης (Str.), also name of Parian marble, as lamps were made of it (Varro ap. Plin.; s. Redard 56 a. 244 n. 13), λυχνεύς (Callix., H.), also `lighter' (Ath.; Boßhardt 63), λύχνις m. (D. P., Orph. L.), λυχνίς f. (Luc..; cf. 4). 4. plantname: λυχνίς f. `rose campion, Lychnis coronaria' (Thphr., Dsc.; because of the purpur-red colour, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 49), λυχνῖτις f. `candlewick, Verbascum' (Plin., pap., Dsc.), because the leaves were used as wick (Strömberg 106, Redard 73; cf. s. θρύον). 5. Other substant.: λυχνεών, - ῶνος m. `place to keep lamps' (Luc. VH 1, 29), λύχνωμα `lint' (sch. Ar. Ach. 1175, = λαμπάδιον), with nominal basis (Chantraine Formation 187). 6. Adjectives: λυχν-αῖος (Procl.), also - ιαῖος (S. E., Gal.) `belonging to a lamp', - ώδης `lamp-like' (Heph. Astr.). 7. Verb: λυχνεύω `lighten someb.' (Areth. in Apok.).
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [688f] *leuk-sn-ā `moon, stars' etc.
    Etymology: Beside λύχνος from *λύκ-σν-ος we have with full grade Av. raox-šn-a- `light, gleaming', OPr. lauxnos pl. `stars', Lat. lūna = Praen. Losna, OCS luna `moon', MIr. luan `light, moon', IE * louk-sn- or * leuk-sn-; the deviating zero grade in λύχνος may be related with the diminished strength of the ου- diphthong in Greek (cf. Schwyzer 347). The words mentioned are all transformations of an old noun with suffixal - sn- from the verb for `lighten, gleam', which is in Greek represented by λεύσσω; s. v. for further relatives (Hitt. luk-zi etc.). As intermediate form served prob. an s-stem (Av. raočah n. `light' from IE * leukos-, Lat. lūmen from * leuks-men- etc.). Quite uncertain is λουνόν λαμπρόν H.; hypotheses by v. Blumenthal Hesychst. 34 and Specht Ursprung 187. On the sn-suffix cf. esp. the synonymous Skt. jyót-sn-ā f. `moonlight'. - A zero grade noun *λυκ- (= Skt. rúc- f. `light') appears in the hypostasis ἀμφι-λύκ-η adjunct of the night H 433 `morning tilight', also as subst. `(morning)twilight' (A. R., Opp.; Bechtel Lex. s. v., also Leumann Hom. Wörter 53); after it also in λυκ-αυγής `lighting in the morning' (Luc.), λυκ-ό-φως, - ωτος n. `twilight' (Ael., H. s. λυκοειδέος, sch.); s. also λυκάβας, also λύσσα. - Schwyzer 489 (on the formation), WP. 2, 408ff., Pok. 687ff., W.-Hofmann s. lūna, Vasmer s. luná I; everywhere more forms a. lit.
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  • 89 οὑσία

    Grammatical information: f.
    Meaning: `being, property, one's own, existence, reality, substance' (Att.; on the meaning Hirzel Phil. 72, 42ff.);
    Other forms: Ion. - ίη f., Dor. ὠσία.
    Compounds: Often w. prefix (from ἄπ-ειμι etc.), e.g. ἀπ-, ἐξ-, μετ-, παρ-, συν-ουσία, - ίη (mostly Att.). Compp. ἐξ-ούσιος `bereft of property' (Ph.), ὑπερ-, μετ-ούσιος `above resp. below being' (Them., Arist.-comm. a.o.).
    Derivatives: οὑσ-ί̄διον n. `small property', - ιότης f. `nature'; - ιώδης `substantial, real' (Epicur.), - ιακός `belonging to property'; συν-, ἐξ-ουσιάζω `to be together' esp. `to have power' (since IVa; οὑσιάζω only PMag. Lond.), from which a.o. συνουσι-αστής m. (Pl., X.), - αστικός (Ar.); οὑσι-όω, - όομαι `to be(come) provided with substance', συν- οὑσία `to be connected to something' with ( συν-) - ωσις (late).
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [340] *h₁s-n̥t- `being'
    Etymology: Abstractformation in - ία from ptc. ὤν, οὖσα, ὄν (cf. γερουσία: γέρων); after it Dor. ὠσία, also ἐσσία, to Dor. Aeol. f. ἔσσα, pl. ἔντες (Pl. Kra. 40 1c); further Chantraine Form. 117; s. also ἐστώ.
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  • 90 ὀφρῦς

    ὀφρῦς, - ύος
    Grammatical information: f., most plur.
    Meaning: `the eyebrows', metaph. `elevated edge, brow of a hill' (Il.; details on the inflexion Schwyzer 571 β).
    Compounds: As 2. member a.o. in σύν-οφρυς `with grown together eyebrows' (Arist.).
    Derivatives: ὀφρύ-διον n. dimin. (H. s. ἐπισκύνιον, Theognost.), NGr. ( ὀ)φρύδι; ὀφρύη, -α `elevation' (Hdt., Argos) like ἰχθύ-η, -α a.o. (Schwyzer 463); - όεις `situated on an edge, terraced' (Χ 411; Bowra JHSt. 80, 18f.), - ώδης `protrusive' (Gal.). Denom. verbs: 1. ὀφρυ-όομαι `to be haughty' (Timo, Luc.) with - ωσις f. `elevation, edge' (Paul. Aeg.), older συν-οφρυόομαι `to knit one's brows' (S., E.); κατ- ὀφρῦς in κατωφρυωμένος `to be provided with brows' (Philestr. VA, Luc.); 2. - άζω `to beckon with the eyebrows', also as expression of pride (Amips. Com. V--IVa); 3. - άω `to be hilly' (Str.); 4. ὀφρυγνᾳ̃ ὁμοίως (i.e. = - άζει). Βοιωτοί H. (unclear; after ὀριγνάομαι? doubting Schwyzer 695 n. 2).
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [172] cf. 142 * h₃bhreuH- `eyebrow'
    Etymology: Old name of the eyebrows, except for the ὀ- identical with Skt. bhrū́-h, acc. bhrúv-am f.: IE *h₃bhruH́-s f.; thus from Celt. a. Germ. OIr. for-bru acc. pl., OS brū. Several enlargements: OCS brъv-ь, Lith. brùv-ė, -ìs, OWNo. brū-n, MPers. brū-k, Toch. B pärw-ā-ne (du.); also with dental in Av. brvat̃-byąm dat. pl. f., MIr. brūad gen. du. and in ἀβροῦτες ὀφρῦς. Μακεδόνες H. (Kretschmer Einleitung 287 w. n. 1 instead improbable (?) ἀβροῦϜες). -- Here also OHG brāwa f. `eyebrew', wint-prāwa `eyelash', which belongs with OS brāha `id.' to OE brǣw m. `eyebrew', OWNo. brā f. `eyelash' (more in WP. 2, 169, Pok. 142). Combinations to be rejected by Specht Ursprung 83 a. 162. -- WP. 2, 206f., Pok. 172f., Mayrhofer s. bhrū́ḥ, Fraenkel s. briaunà (quite doubtful), Vasmer s. brovь (w. lit. a. many details). Older lit. also in Bq. The nom. was *h₃bhrēuH-s, (gen. * h₃bhruH-os), which explains the OHG form etc.
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  • 91 πίτυς

    πίτυς, - υος
    Grammatical information: f.
    Meaning: `pine, fir, spruce' (Hom., Hdt., Thphr.).
    Other forms: ep. dat. pl. - υσσιν.
    Compounds: Some compp., e.g. πιτυο-κάμπη f. `pine-caterpillar' (Dsc.; Strömberg Wortstud. 9), χαμαί-πιτυς f. plant-name (Nic., Dsc.; Strömberg Pfl. 61f., 109).
    Derivatives: Demin. πιτύ-διον n. (Plin., Theognost.). - ίς, - ίδος f. `pine-seed' (Dsc.), - ινος `made of pinewood' (Hp. Thphr.), - ώδης `rich in pines' (Alcm., Str.); - ουσα (v. l. - οῦσσα) f. `kind of milkweed, Euphorbia' (Dsc.; on the formation Strömberg Pfl. 43); - οῦσσαι f. pl. name of a group of islands on the Spanish coast; - οῦς, - οῦντος m. name of a town in the Black Sea (Str.), - εια f. town in Mysia (Β 829), - ασσος f. town in Pisidia (Str.); cf. v. Blumenthal ZONF 13, 155 a. 158.
    Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]
    Etymology: To πίτυς resemble on one hand Lat. pīnus f. `fir, pine' and Alb. pishë `fir, pine', both with unclear basis, on the other Skt. pī́tudāru-, pūtúdru etc. m. name of a tree. Further analysis quite uncertain; cf. the extensive treatment in Mayrhofer s. v. w. lit. Older lit. with untenable or quite doubtful conclusions in Bq, WP. 2, 74f., (Pok. 794), W.-Hofmann s.v.; s. esp. Benveniste BSL 51, 29 ff. with well-argued criticism of the usual collecting of several phonetically resembling forms which are semantically to be separated ( πίων, πίνω, πίτυς etc.). -- Furnée 260 compares the place names Πισύη = Πιτύη St. Byz. and concludes that the word is Pre-Greek; not very certain.
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  • 92 σηπία

    Grammatical information: f.
    Meaning: `squid' (Hippon., Epich., Ar., Arist. a. o.).
    Other forms: Ion. - ίη.
    Derivatives: Diminutives σηπ-ί̄διον (Hp., com., Arist.), -ῑδάριον n. (Philyll.); also - ιάς f. `id' (Nic.); - ίον or - ειον n. `Os sepiae, bone of the cuttle-fish, pounce' (Arist.).
    Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]
    Etymology: Formation and origin dark. In form agreeing to the abstracts in - ία, σηπία stands under the fish- and other animal names rather isolated (one would have expected rather - ίας, ev. - ιᾰ; but note ταινία). If to σήπομαι (e.g. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 174 n. 1 [p. 175]), σηπία in Epich. (61 a. 84) must be either wrongly transmitted or be a Ionism. -- Lat. LW [loanword] sēpia. -- Prob. a Pre-Greek word (not in Furnée).
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  • 93 σικύα

    Grammatical information: f.
    Meaning: `bottle gourd, Lagenaria vulgaris' (Hp., Arist., Thphr. etc.), metaph. `bleeding cup' (Hp., com., Pl. etc.) with - υάζω `to cup' (Arr.), with - ύασις, - υασ-μός (late).
    Other forms: Ion. - ύη ( σεκούα H.).
    Compounds: As 1. element in σικυ-ήλατον n. `patch of gourds, cucumbers' (Hp.; - ήρατον pap.); to ἐλαύνω (resp. with ρ for λ; Schwyzer 213 w. lit.).
    Derivatives: Besides σίκυος ( σικυός) m. `cucumber or melon, Cueumis (sativus)' (Hp., com., Arist. etc.), also σίκυς f. `id.' (Alc., Dsc., Gal.). -- From this: dimin. σικύ-διον n. (Phryn. Com., pap. II -- IIIp); - ώδης `cucumber-like etc.' (Hp., Thphr.), - ηδόν `like a cucumber' (medic.), - ών m. `cucumber patch', - ώνη f. = σίκυος ἄγριος, also `bleeding cup' (Hdt.; like κροτώνη a. o.), - ωνία f. = κολοκύνθη (Hp., Plu.). Also Σικυών ( Σεκυ-), - ῶνος m. f. "cucumber city", city not far from Corinth (Il.) with - ώνιος, - ωνικός.
    Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
    Etymology: With σίκυς cf. ῥάφυς, κάχρυς a. other plant names; σικύα as οἰσύα, ὀστρύα etc.; cf. also Heubeck Praegraeca 37. In the variation σικ- σικύα σεκ- Specht KZ 61, 277ff. wants to see (s. also Kretschmer Glotta 26, 57) two diff. products of dissimilation of orig. *σύκυς, what can be proven nor disproven because of the unknown origin of the word [but s. bel.] (in spite of Slav. tyky). The partial agreement with κύκυον τὸν σικυόν, κυκύϊζα γλυκεῖα κολόκυντα H., with Lat. cucumis `cucumber' as well as with Slav., e.g. ORuss. tyky `pumpkin', to which also Sem., e.g. Hebr. qiššu'ā `cucumber', has since long been observed, but a convincing etymology has not yet been found. In any case an old LW [loanword]; source unknown. Extensive lit. in W.-Hofmann s. cucumis and Vasmer s. týkva; further Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 1, 652 ff. New hypothesis by Deroy Rev. int. d'onom. 12, 23f.: pregr., from ku in κυέω and strengthening se-, si- (similar with IE means Brugmann IF 39, 140 ff.). -- The variation points clearly to Pre-Greek (e.g. ι\/ε, υ\/ου), Furnée 251, 354, 257, 367.
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    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σικύα

  • 94 στάδιον

    Grammatical information: n.,
    Meaning: `race-course, stadium', sec. as length-measure of changing length, after Hdt. 2, 149 = 100 ὀργυιαί or 6 πλέθρα (Thgn., Pi., IA.).
    Other forms: pl. - ια and - ιοι (sc. δρόμοι).
    Compounds: As 2. element in σταδιο-δρόμος m. `racer' (Simon., Att.), later σταδια- στάδιον `id.' (hell. a. late inscr. a. o.; hypercorrect formation after the plur. στάδια); often as 2. member, esp. after numerals, e.g. ὀκτα- ( ὀκτω-) στάδιος `measuring eight st.' (Plb., Str.).
    Derivatives: σταδι-εύς m. `racer' (Plb. a.o.; Bosshardt 43), - εύω `to run for the wager' (Arist. a. o.), - αῖος `measuring one st.' (Plb., D.H. a.o.), - ασμός m. `measuring by st.' (Str. a.o.: *στα-διάζω).
    Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
    Etymology: Old folketymol. tranformation of σπάδιον (Argiv.; s. σπάω) after στάδιος (Prellwitz s. v.).? Diff. Bechtel Dial. 2, 473: στάδιον original; from this by dissim. σπά-διον. -- Lat. LW [loanword] stadium `race-course'.
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    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στάδιον

  • 95 Διόνῡσος

    Διόνῡσος
    Grammatical information: m.
    Meaning: N. of a god (Il.).
    Dialectal forms: Myc. δι-wo-nu-so-jo gen.? \/ Diwonusoio\/. Cf. Here also Hallager et al. 1992 and 1997 dat. diwonuso.
    Derivatives: Διονύσιος, PN, with the fem. Διονυσιάς; pl. n. τὰ Διονύσια `the feast for D.' (Att. etc.) with Διονυσιακός (Th.); Διονυσίσκος, dimin., denom. of a person, with bone-like grows on the temples (medic.); denomin. διονυσιάζω `feast the D.' (Luc. u. a.) with Διονυσιασταί m. pl. name of the D.-worshippers (Nisyros etc.; cf. Άπολλωνιασταί s. Άπόλλων).
    Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
    Etymology: From *Διοσ-νυσος, Schwyzer 283). Dionysos would have come from Thrace. His father would be Zeus, his mother Σεμέλη (s. v.). As the first member seemed the gen. of the Thracian Zeus, Kretschmer ( Einleitung 241f.) assumed in the second member a Thracian word for `son' (found in Thracian names like Νῦσα; further Νῦσαι, Νύσιαι the nymphs, who cared for him) and Nusatita (PN). This interpretation, however, finds no support (s. on νυός). Dunkel, FS Strunk, 1995, 1-21, assumed i.a. that the name contains * suHnu- `son', of which s and n were metathesized. This is, however, improbable. Fur. 250 recalls the PN Διονυτᾶς (beside - σᾶς on a coin from Teos; G. Meyer, Gr. Gramm. (1896) 381) and stresses that the variation τ\/σ points to a non-IE = Pre-Greek word. Attempts to find an IE etym., then, have failed and we have to accept that it is a foreign name. On Dionysos Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 564ff.

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Διόνῡσος

  • 96 εἰς

    εἰς prep. w. acc. (Hom.+; s. the lit. under ἀνά, beg., also ATheimer, Die Präp. εἰς, ἐν, ἐκ im NT: Progr. z. 24. u. 29. Jahresbericht des niederösterr. Landes-Real-u. Obergymnasiums Horn 1896; 1901; AOepke, TW II 418–32), indicating motion into a thing or into its immediate vicinity or relation to something.
    ① extension involving a goal or place, into, in, toward, to
    ⓐ into, toward, to after verbs of going, or those that include motion toward a place (also after subst. as ἄφιξις Tat. 37, 1 or πορεία 38, 1); so after ἄγω, ἀκολουθέω, ἀναβαίνω, ἀνάγω, ἀναχωρέω, ἀνέρχομαι, ἄπειμι, ἀπέρχομαι, ἀποδημέω, ἀποπλέω, γίνομαι δεῦρο, διαβαίνω, διαπεράω, διασῴζω, διέρχομαι, διώκω, εἰσάγω, εἴσειμι, εἰσέρχομαι, εἰσπορεύομαι, ἐκπηδάω, ἐκπλέω, ἐκπορεύομαι, ἐμβαίνω, ἐμβάλλω, ἐνδύνω, ἐξέρχομαι, ἐπανάγω, ἐπιβαίνω, ἐπιστρέφω, ἔρχομαι (s. Goodsp., Probs. 56f), εὐθυδρομέω, ἥκω, καθίζω, καταβαίνω (s. Goodsp., Probs. 52–54), κατάγομαι, καταντάω, καταπλέω, καταφεύγω, κατέρχομαι, μεταβαίνω, ὁρμάω, παραβάλλω, παραγίνομαι, πέτομαι, πλέω, πορείαν ποιοῦμαι, πορεύομαι, προάγω, συμβάλλω, συνάγομαι, συναναβαίνω, συνέρχομαι, ὑπάγω, ὑποστρέφω, ὑποχωρέω, φεύγω, χωρέω; s. these entries.
    α. extension toward, in the direction of, a specific place to be reached. Hence w. nouns that denote an accessible place εἰς τὸν οἶκον into the house Mt 9:7; synagogue Ac 17:10; heaven Lk 2:15; abyss 8:31. φεύγειν εἰς τὰ ὄρη Mk 13:14. W. names of places and countries to Spain Ro 15:24, 28. εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ vs. 25 al. Also on, in εἰς (τὰς) ὁδούς Lk 14:23; Mt 10:5, 10; εἰς ὁδόν Mk 6:8; 10:17. εἰς ἀγρόν 16:12. In another sense ἀναβαίνει εἰς τὸ ὄρος 3:13; Mt 15:29.—In the vicinity of, near, to (Jos., Vi. 115 εἰς τ. κώμην) εἰς (τὴν) θάλασσαν Mk 7:31; 3:7 v.l.; Mt 17:27. εἰς πόλιν (Hdt. 2, 169; 4, 200, 1; Diod S 15, 32, 2 παραγενόμενος εἰς πόλιν) J 4:5; cp. vs. 28. εἰς τό μνημεῖον 11:31, 38; 20:1, 3f (cp. vs. 6). ἐγγίζειν εἰς (Tob 11:1) Mt 21:1; Mk 11:1; Lk 18:35; 19:29. εἰς τοὺς φραγμούς to the hedges 14:23. κλίνειν τὸ πρόσωπον εἰς τ. γῆν toward the ground 24:5.
    β. with focus on the area within the point reached. After verbs of sending, moving, etc., which result in movement or include a movement of the body to, into, among εἰς τὴν πόλιν into the city Mt 26:18 al.; boat Mt 8:23; J 6:17; world J 1:9; εἰς τ. ναόν 2 Th 2:4; εἰς (τὸ) μέσον (Sir 27:12; cp. 48:17): ἔστη εἰς τὸ μέσον (X., Cyr. 4, 1, 1), he (came and) stood among them J 20:19, 26; cp. Mk 14:60; Lk 6:8, also ἔγειρε εἰς τὸ μ. get up and come here Mk 3:3.—δέχεσθαι εἰς τὰς ἀγκάλας take in (into) one’s arms Lk 2:28 (cp. Jos., Ant. 8, 28).
    γ. of movement directed at a surface of an area on, in: of striking (PRyl 145, 13f [38 A.D.] ἔδωκεν πληγὰς πλείους εἰς πᾶν μέρος τοῦ σώματος=gave many blows all over his body; cp. PTebt 39, 32) τύπτειν εἰς τ. κεφαλήν on the head Mt 27:30 (cp. Arrian, Anab. 2, 26, 4 ἐμβάλλειν εἰς τ. κεφαλήν). ῥαπίζειν εἰς τὴν σιαγόνα on the cheek 5:39.—εἰς τ. ὄμματα Mk 8:23; εἰς τ. ὁδόν 11:8; ἀναπίπτειν εἰς τ. ἔσχατον τόπον sit in the lowest place Lk 14:10; cp. vs. 8. εἰς τὴν χεῖρα, τοὺς πόδας on his hand, his feet Lk 15:22.
    δ. of a position within a certain area be at, be in, be on εἰς is freq. used where ἐν would be expected (s. 1bβ below; for Mark usage s. JO’Rourke, JBL 85, ’66, 349–51)—(Hdt. 7, 239, 1; Diod S 13, 101, 3; 20, 30, 2; Vett. Val. index III p. 394b; PTebt 38, 14 [113 B.C.] εἰς ὸ̔ν ἐνοικεῖ … οἶκον; POxy 294, 6 [22 A.D.]; 929, 12; BGU 385, 5; 423, 7; Kaibel 134; LXX. Cp. GHatzidakis, Einl. in die neugr. Gramm. 1892, 210f; Mlt. 62f, 234f; Rob. 592f; Rdm.2 14; 140; B-D-F §205; EOldenburger, De Or. Sib. Elocutione, diss. Rostock 1903, 26ff) εἰς τ. κοίτην εἶναι Lk 11:7. εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν Mk 10:10. οἱ εἰς τ. οἶκόν μου (ὄντες) Lk 9:61. οἱ εἰς μακρὰν (ὄντες) Ac 2:39. καθημένου εἰς τὸ ὄρος Mk 13:3 (cp. Musonius 43, 18 H. καθῆσθαι εἰς Σινώπην). ὁ εἰς τὸν ἀγρὸν (ὤν) he who is in the field 13:16. γίνεσθαι εἰς τὴν Καφαρναούμ happen in Capernaum Lk 4:23. εἰς συναγωγὰς δαρήσεσθε you will be beaten in the synagogues Mk 13:9. εὑρέθη εἰς Ἄζωτον he found himself in A. Ac 8:40 (cp. Esth 1:5 τοῖς ἔθνεσιν τοῖς εὑρεθεῖσιν εἰς τ. πόλιν; Gen 37:17). ἀποθανεῖν εἰς Ἰερ. Ac 21:13 (cp. Aelian, VH 7, 8 Ἡφαιστίων εἰς Ἐκβάτανα ἀπέθανε). κατοικεῖν εἰς Ἰερ. Ac 2:5; cp. Mt 2:23; 4:13; Ac 7:4; Hb 11:9 (cp. Thu. 2, 102, 6; X., An. 1, 2, 24; Num 35:33; 2 Ch 19:4). χάριν, εἰς ἣν στῆτε the favor in which you stand 1 Pt 5:12. ἔχειν βιβλίον εἰς τὰς χεῖρας have a book in one’s hands Hv 1, 2, 2. πηλὸς γάρ ἐσμεν εἰς την χεῖρα τοῦ τεχνίτου for we are clay in the hand of the artisan. εἰς ταύτην τὴν πόλιν in this city 2, 4, 3 al.—εἰς=at or on (BGU 845, 20f; τραπέζας … εἰς ἃς ἤσθιον οἱ πτωχοί TestJob 25:5) ὁ ὢν εἰς τ. κόλπον τ. πατρός who leans on the breast (or reclines in the lap) of the Father (=who is on intimate terms w. the Father, s. κόλπος) J 1:18. In AcPlCor 2:35 the prepositions εἰς and ἐν appear to be carefully distinguished: τὰ δεσμὰ εἰς τὰς χείρας ἔχω … καὶ τὰ στίγματα ἐν τῷ σώματί μου.
    ε. of presence in an area determined by other objects, esp. after verbs of sending, moving, etc. including ἀπολύω, ἀποστέλλω, βάλλω, βαπτίζω, δέχομαι, δίδωμι, ἐγκεντρίζω, ἐκβάλλω, ἐκπέμπω, ἐκχέω, ἐμβάπτω, ἐξαποστέλλω, καθίημι, μεταπέμπομαι, παρακύπτω, πέμπω, χαλάω; s. these entries. ἐμπίπτειν εἰς τοὺς λῃστάς fall among robbers Lk 10:36. εἰς τὰς ἀκάνθας among the thorns Mk 4:7; εἰς τ. λαόν Ac 4:17 et al., where the transl. depends on the verb in question. πνεύματος ἁγίου … ἀποσταλέντος εἰς αὐτήν (Μαρίαν) sent into her AcPlCor 2:5; cp. 2:10 ἔπεμψεν εἰς τοὺς προφήτας into the prophets; 2:14 κατέπεμψε … εἰς Μαρίαν.—ἔστη εἰς τὸ κριτήριον she stood before the tribunal GJs 15:2 (difft. J 20:19, 26, s. 1aβ).
    ⓑ of direction toward something without ref. to bodily motion.
    α. w. verbs of looking (fr. Od. 10, 37; Il. 3, 364; LXX) ἀναβλέπειν εἴς τι look up toward someth. (2 Macc 7:28; Sus 35 Theod.) Mk 6:41; Lk 9:16; Ac 22:13; cp. ἀτενίζω, βλέπω, ἐμβλέπω, ὁράω (Just., D. 112, 1).—ἐπαίρειν τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς εἴς τινα raise one’s eyes toward someone Lk 6:20.
    β. after verbs of saying, teaching, proclaiming, preaching, etc. (Trag.; Hdt. 8:26, 3; Thu. 1, 72, 2; 5, 45, 1 and many later wr., incl. LXX) λαλεῖν εἰς τ. κόσμον say to the world J 8:26. τὸ εὐαγγέλιον εἰς ὅλον τ. κόσμον the gospel in the whole world Mk 14:9. εἰς πάντα τὰ ἔθνη 13:10; Lk 24:47. εἰς ὑμᾶς 1 Th 2:9. εὐαγγελίζεσθαι εἴς τινα 2 Cor 10:16; 1 Pt 1:25; γνωρίζειν Ro 16:26. ἀπαγγέλλειν τι εἴς τινα Mk 5:14; Lk 8:34. διαμαρτύρεσθαι εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ, μαρτυρεῖν εἰς Ῥώμην bear witness in Jerusalem, Rome Ac 23:11. ἵνα εἰς Νινευὴ μὴ κηρύξῃ AcPlCor 2:29. In these and similar cases εἰς approaches ἐν in mng.; s. 1aδ.
    γ. The same is true of βαπτίζεσθαι εἰς τὸν Ἰορδάνην Mk 1:9 and νίπτεσθαι εἰς τὴν κολυμβήθραν J 9:7; these expr. look like exx. of the interchange of εἰς and ἐν, but were orig. formed on the analogy of X., Cyr. 1, 3, 5 ἀποκαθαίρει τὴν χεῖρα εἰς τὰ χειρόμακτρα= lit. ‘into the towels’; cp. Epict. 3, 22, 71 ἵνʼ αὐτὸ (sc. τὸ παιδίον) λούσῃ εἰς σκάφην; Alciphron, Ep. 3, 7, 1; Athen. 10, 438e.
    ② extension in time, to, until, on
    ⓐ w. indication of specific time
    α. up to which someth. continues εἰς τέλος to the end (Epict. 1, 7, 17) Mt 10:22; 24:13; Mk 13:13. εἰς ἐκείνην τὴν ἡμέραν until that day 2 Ti 1:12 (Ath. 2, 1 εἰς … τὴν σήμερον ἡμέραν). εἰς ἡμέραν Χριστοῦ Phil 1:10. εἰς Χριστόν until the coming of the Messiah Gal 3:24.
    β. for or on which someth. happens μεριμνᾶν εἰς τὴν αὔριον be anxious for tomorrow Mt 6:34; cp. Hs 6, 5, 3; εἰς τὸ μέλλον for the future 1 Ti 6:19. εἰς τὸ μεταξὺ σάββατον on the next Sabbath Ac 13:42. εἰς ἡμέραν (UPZ 66, 5 [153 B.C.]) for the day Phil 2:16; cp. Eph 4:30; Rv 9:15.
    γ. at which someth. takes place (Appian, Mithrid. 74 §321 ἐς ἑσπέραν=in the evening; Epict. 4, 10, 31 αὔριον ἢ εἰς τὴν τρίτην; En 1:1 οἵτινες ἔσονται εἰς ἡμέραν ἀνάγκης) εἰς τὸν καιρὸν αὐτῶν in their time Lk 1:20; εἰς τὸ μέλλον in the future 13:9. εἰς τέλος in the end, finally (Hdt. 3, 403; Gen 46:4; Ps.-Clem., Hom. 18, 2) 18:5 (B-D-F §207, 3 prefers mng. 3 below and ὑπωπιάζω 3; s. also Mlt-Turner 266). εἰς τὸ πάλιν=πάλιν 2 Cor 13:2; s. Schmid I 167; II 129; III 282; IV 455; 625. εἰς ταχεῖαν soon AcPlCor 2:3.
    ⓑ to indicate duration of time for, throughout (Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 4 p. 332, 16 Jac. εἰς νύκτα; Arrian, Anab. 4, 30, 1 ἐς τρεῖς ἡμέρας; Just., D. 2, 5 εἰς μακρὰν for a long time) εἰς ἔτη πολλά for many years Lk 12:19. εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα, εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας (αἰών 1b) forever Mt 21:19; Mk 3:29; 11:14; Lk 1:33; J 8:35 and oft. εἰς ἡμέραν αἰῶνος to the day of eternity 2 Pt 3:18. εἰς γενεὰς καὶ γενεάς for generation after generation Lk 1:50. εἰς τὸ διηνεκές forever Hb 7:3; 10:1, 12, 14 (cp. Thu. 2, 64, 3 ἐς ἀί̈διον).
    ③ marker of degree, up to: εἰς τέλος completely, fully, absolutely (s. Just, A I, 44, 12 and on τέλος 2bγ) 1 Th 2:16; B 4:7; 19:11; Hv 3, 7, 2; m 12, 2, 3; Hs 8, 6, 4; 8, 8, 5; 8, 9, 3.—J 13:1 combines in εἰς τέλος the mngs. to the end (s. 2aα above) and to the uttermost (cp. Appian, Mithrid. 58 §239 ἡμῶν ἀμυναμένων ἤδη καὶ ἀμυνουμένων ἐς τέλος=we have defended ourselves up to now and will defend ourselves ἐς τέλος). εἰς τὰ ἄμετρα 2 Cor 10:13, 15 (cp. PVat A 12=Witkowski 36, 12 [168 B.C.] εἰς τὰ ἔσχατα). εἰς περισσείαν 10:15. εἰς ὑπερβολήν (Eur., Hipp. 939; Aeschin., F. Leg. 4) 4:17. εἰς τὸ παντελές (q.v. 2) Lk 13:11; Hb 7:25 (Tat. 6, 1).
    ④ marker of goals involving affective/abstract/suitability aspects, into, to
    ⓐ of entry into a state of being w. verbs of going, coming, leading, etc., used in a fig. sense: ἀπέρχεσθαι εἰς κόλασιν αἰώνιον Mt 25:46 (cp. Sir 41:10). εἰσφέρειν εἰς πειρασμόν 6:13. πορεύεσθαι εἰς θάνατον Lk 22:33. ὑπάγειν εἰς ἀπώλειαν Rv 17:8, 11. βάλλειν εἰς θλῖψιν 2:22. παραδιδόναι εἰς θλῖψιν Mt 24:9; cp. 2 Cor 4:11; Lk 24:20. συγκλείειν εἰς ἀπείθειαν Ro 11:32. ἐμπίπτειν εἰς κρίμα 1 Ti 3:6f; cp. 6:9 (and Ath. 24, 5 εἰς ἐπιθυμίαν πεσόντες παρθένων). ἄγειν εἰς μετάνοιαν Ro 2:4; cp. Hb 2:10 εἰς δόξαν. (Just., A I, 10, 4 εἰς πίστιν; 42, 11 εἰς ἐπίστασιν καὶ ἀνάμνησιν.) αἰχμαλωτίζειν εἰς ὑπακοήν 2 Cor 10:5. ἀνακαινίζειν εἰς μετάνοιαν Hb 6:6; cp. 2:10. Sim. ἀπάγω, ἀποβαίνω, εἰσέρχομαι, εἰσφέρω, ἐκβάλλω, ἐλευθερόω, ἐπιστρέφω, κατευθύνω, μεταβαίνω, ὁδηγέω et al.; s. these entries.
    ⓑ of change from one state to another w. verbs of changing: στρέφειν (Esth 4:17h; 1 Macc 1:39), μεταστρέφειν (Sir 11:31; 1 Macc 9:41; 3 Macc 6:22) τι εἴς τι Rv 11:6; Ac 2:20 (Jo 3:4); Js 4:9. μεταλλάσσειν Ro 1:26. μετασχηματίζεσθαι (q.v. 2) 2 Cor 11:13f; μετατίθεσθαι εἰς turn away to Gal 1:6.
    ⓒ of actions or feelings directed in someone’s direction in hostile or friendly sense (Thu. 1, 38; 66; 130; X., Cyr. 1, 3, 5; Paus. 7, 9, 3; 7, 10, 2; Aelian, VH 11, 10).
    α. in a hostile sense (Arrian, Anab. 1, 1, 4; PEleph 1, 9 [311/310 B.C.] κακοτεχνεῖν εἰς Δημητρίαν; UPZ 170b, 47 [127 B.C.]): ἁμαρτάνειν εἴς τινα (Herodian 7, 9, 11; EpJer 12; Jdth 5:20; 11:10) sin against someone Lk 15:18, 21. βλασφημεῖν εἴς τινα (Bel 8 Theod.; Just., D. 122, 2) defame someone Mk 3:29; Lk 12:10; 22:65; θαρρεῖν εἴς τινα 2 Cor 10:1. ψεύδεσθαι εἴς τινα (Sus 55; 59 Theod.) Col 3:9. Also w. nouns and adj. (Paus. 7, 8, 4; PFay 12, 7 [c. 103 B.C.] ἀδικήματα εἴς με; En 97:7 μνημόσυνον εἰς ὑμᾶς κακόν) Ac 6:11; 23:30; Ro 8:7.
    β. in a friendly sense: μακροθυμεῖν 2 Pt 3:9. τὸ αὐτὸ φρονεῖν Ro 12:16. So also πιστεύειν εἴς τινα trust or believe in someone Mt 18:6; Mk 9:42 and oft. (s. πιστεύω 1aε). Also w. nouns (OGI 49, 10 [III B.C.] φιλοτιμία εἰς; 51, 4; UPZ 22, 18 [162 B.C.]; 39, 5 εἰς τὸ θεῖον εὐσέβεια; 2 Macc 9:26 εὔνοια; Tat. 16:2 τῆς εἰς αὐτοὺς [δαίμονας] θρησκείας) ἀγάπη Ro 5:8; 2 Cor 2:4, 8; Col 1:4; 1 Th 3:12. ἐλπίς (2 Macc 9:20; Synes., Ep. 104 p. 264a εἰς τὸν κομήτην ἐ.) Ac 24:15. κοινωνία Phil 1:5 (Tat. 18, 2); πεποίθησις 2 Cor 8:22. δύναμις Eph 1:19. πίστις (Jos., Ant. 16, 48; 18, 334) Ac 20:21; 24:24; 26:18; Col 2:5; and adj. φιλόξενος 1 Pt 4:9; χρηστός Eph 4:32. διακονία Ro 15:31 (cp. the v.l. Ac 12:25 and s. JDupont, NovT 1, ’56, 275–303); 2 Cor 8:4. The context of 1 Pt 1:11 suggests consolation of Christians for the sufferings they endure in a hostile environment, hence REB: sufferings in Christ’s cause; for εἰς Χρ. construed genitivally (UPZ 180a II, 2 [113 B.C.] χωρὶς τοῦ εἰς αὐτὴν οἴκου; PTebt 16:9f contains a restoration of εἰς) s. NRSV ‘sufferings destined for Christ’ (for a parallel expr. in a hostile sense cp. Polyb. 1, 7, 12 τῆς εἰς ἐκείνους τιμωρίας; 1, 69, 7; 38, 1 [4], 13; s. [s.v. ἀνά beg.] Kuhring 13; Rudberg 201).
    ⓓ w. the vocation, use, or end indicated for, as: αἱρέομαι εἴς τι 2 Th 2:13. ἀφορίζω Ro 1:1; Ac 13:2. προγράφω Ro 15:4; Jd 4. ἀποστέλλω Hb 1:14. πέμπω Phil 4:16; 1 Th 3:2, 5. ποιῶ τι εἰς 1 Cor 10:31; 11:24. S. also under κεῖμαι, προορίζω, τάσσω, τίθημι.—εἰμὶ εἴς τι serve as someth. (s. εἰμί 6; also ins 134, 33ff fr. the Delphinion at Miletus [I A.D.] 1914; s. Dssm., LO 97, 1 [LAE 123]; Ar. 5, 1 ὕδωρ … εἰς χρῆσιν τῶν ἀνθρώπων γέγονε) 1 Cor 14:22; for destruction Col 2:22; as a testimony Js 5:3. Used w. a noun σκεῦος εἰς τιμήν, ἀτιμίαν a vessel meant for honorable, dishonorable use Ro 9:21; cp. vs. 22f; 2 Ti 2:20f; φύλλα τοῦ ξύλου εἰς θεραπείαν Rv 22:2. φῶς εἰς ἀποκάλυψιν a light serving as a revelation Lk 2:32. θεράπων εἰς μαρτύριον τῶν λαληθησομένων a servant to bear witness to what would be said Hb 3:5. (Cp. Just., A I, 66, 1 τὸ … εἰς ἀναγέννησιν λουτρόν). W. acc. of pers. (Just., A II, 12, 4 συκοφαντίᾳ τῇ εἰς ἡμᾶς; Tat. 17, 3 τὴν εἰς τοὺς μεμηνότας βοήθειαν) ἡ εἰς ὑμᾶς χάρις the grace meant for you 1 Pt 1:10. διδόναι εἴς τι pay out for someth., money for a field Mt 27:10.
    ⓔ w. the result of an action or condition indicated into, to, so that: αὐξάνειν εἰς ναόν grow into a temple Eph 2:21. πληροῦσθαι εἴς τι 3:19. λυπηθῆναι εἰς μετάνοιαν be grieved so that repentance takes place 2 Cor 7:9. Of prayer ἀναβαίνειν εἰς μνημόσυνον Ac 10:4. ὁμολογεῖν εἰς σωτηρίαν confess to salvation = so as to receive salvation Ro 10:10; cp. 1:16; 1 Pt 2:2; εἰς ἔπαινον κτλ. to praise etc. 1 Pt 1:7; εἰς βοήθειαν (1 Ch 12:17; Jdth 6:21; JosAs 23:4) Hb 4:16; cp. 10:39; Rv 13:3; Ro 6:16; 8:15; 13:4, 14; 1 Cor 11:34; 2 Cor 2:16 al.; εἰς κενόν (s. κενός 3) 2 Cor 6:1; Gal 2:2; Phil 2:16; 1 Th 3:5. σχίζειν εἰς δύο tear in two Mt 27:51; Mk 15:38. Cp. GPt 5:20 (cp. Polyb. 2, 16, 11; Lucian, Symp. 44, Tox. 54; 1 Km 15:29; Tob 5:3 S; 1 Macc 9:11; Ath. 18, 3 ᾠὸν … εἰς δύο ἐρράγη). W. subst. inf. foll. so that Ro 1:20; 3:26; 4:18; 6:12; 7:4; 1 Th 3:13; 2 Th 2:10f; Hb 11:3 al.
    ⓕ to denote purpose in order to, to (Appian, Liby. 101 §476 ἐς ἔκπληξιν=in order to frighten; Just., A I, 21, 4 εἰς προτροπήν ‘to spur on’) εἰς ἄγραν in order to catch someth. Lk 5:4. εἰς ἀπάντησιν, συνάντησιν, ὑπάντησίν τινι (s. these 3 entries) to meet someone, toward someone Mt 8:34; 25:1; J 12:13. εἰς μαρτύριον αὐτοῖς as a witness, i.e. proof, to them Mt 8:4; 10:18; 24:14 al. εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν for forgiveness of sins, so that sins might be forgiven Mt 26:28; cp. Mk 1:4; Lk 3:3; Ac 2:38. εἰς μνημόσυνόν τινος in memory of someone Mt 26:13; Mk 14:9; cp. Lk 22:19 al. (εἰς μνημόσυνον En 99:3). εἰς ὅ for which purpose (Hdt. 2, 103, 1) Col 1:29; otherw. 2 Th 1:11 with this in view; εἰς τί; why? (Wsd 4:17; Sir 39:16, 21) Mt 14:31; Mk 14:4; 15:34; Hm 2:5; D 1:5. εἰς τοῦτο for this reason or purpose Mk 1:38; Lk 4:43 v.l.; J 18:37; Ac 9:21; 26:16; Ro 9:17; 14:9; 2 Cor 2:9; 1J 3:8; Hs 1:9 (Just., A I, 13, 3). εἰς αὐτὸ τοῦτο for this very reason 2 Cor 5:5; Eph 6:22; Col 4:8. W. subst. inf. foll. (X., Ages. 9, 3, Mem. 3, 6, 2; Just., A I, 9, 5) in order to (oft. LXX; neg. μή in order not to; s. B-D-F §402, 2) Mt 20:19; 26:2; 27:31; Mk 14:55 and oft.—εἰς ὁδόν for the journey 6:8.
    ⓖ As in Mod. Gk., it is used for the dat., esp. the dat. of advantage, but also= for in general (X., An. 3, 3, 19 τ. ἵππους εἰς ἱππέας κατασκευάσωμεν; Lycurg. 85 διεκαρτέρουν εἰς τ. πατρίδα; UPZ 180a I, 7 [113 B.C.] τὸν εἰς Τάγην οἶκον ᾠκοδομημένον; BGU 37, 4f [51 A.D.] ξύλα εἰς τοὺς ἐλαιῶνάς μου wood for my olive orchards; PLond I, 43, 9 p. 48 [II B.C.]; PTebt 5, 77; POxy 37 I, 9; EpJer 9; Sir 37:7, cp. vs. 8; Jdth 14:2; Bel 3 Theod., vs. 22 LXX) εἰς πάντα τ. λαόν Lk 9:13; cp. 3J 5. εἰς ἡμᾶς Eph 1:19; cp. Col 1:25; 1 Th 4:10; Ro 10:12. χρείαν ἔχειν εἰς τ. ἑορτήν J 13:29; cp. Mk 8:19f; Gal 2:8; 1 Th 2:9; 5:15 et al.—εἰς is commonly used in speaking of the person for whom a payment etc. is made (Dssm., B 113–15; NB 23 [BS 117f; 194f]) 1 Cor 16:1; 2 Cor 8:4; 9:1, 13; Ro 15:26; Ac 24:17. εἰς λόγον τινός in an account for someth. (POxy 275, 19; 21 [66 A.D.]; 496, 10; 530, 15) Phil 4:15; cp. vs. 17. εἰς Χριστόν Phlm 6 prob. in honor of Christ (Tetrast. Iamb. 1, 7, 4 p. 266 εἰς θεούς; Pla., Lysis 205d ᾂδεις εἰς σαυτὸν ἐγκώμιον; Ps.-Pla., Minos 319c; Athen. 15, 667c; Synes., Ep. 75 p. 222b).
    ⑤ marker of a specific point of reference, for, to, with respect to, with reference to (Arrian, Anab. 6, 26, 3 τοῦτο τὸ ἔργον εἰς καρτερίαν ἐπαινῶ Ἀλεξάνδρου=I praise this deed with regard to Alexander’s endurance; Ath. 31, 1 οὐδὲν χείρους εἰς ἀρετῆς λόγον ‘none the worse in respect to excellence’) εὔθετος εἴς τι fit, suitable for someth. Lk 14:35; also εὔχρηστος 2 Ti 4:11. ἡτοιμασμένος ready for 2:21. εὐκαιρέω εἴς τι Ac 17:21. ἱκανόω Col 1:12. ἰσχύω Mt 5:13. περισσεύω 2 Cor 9:8. συνεργέω Ro 8:28. τοῦτο οὐκ εἰς ταύτας τ. ἡμέρας λέγω I say this not with reference to these days Hs 9, 26, 6.—After the verbs ἀπορέομαι, διακρίνομαι, καυχάομαι, παρρησίαν ἔχω, s. these entries. After the adj. ἄκαρπος, ἀκέραιος, βραδύς, σοφός, συνεργός, ὑπήκοος, φρόνιμος, s. these entries. W. acc. of pers. ἀσθενεῖν εἴς τινα be weak toward someone 2 Cor 13:3. εὐδοκεῖν 2 Pt 1:17. λέγειν εἴς τινα say w. reference to someone (Diod S 11, 50, 4; Just., D. 77, 1 εἰς Χριστὸν … εἰρῆσθαι) Ac 2:25.—On Ro 6:17 s. παραδίδωμι 1b end. δέχομαί τινα εἰς ὄνομά τινος Mt 10:41f; s. ὄνομα 1dγא.
    ⑥ marker of a guarantee, by ὀμνύναι εἴς τι swear by someth. Mt 5:35 (cp. PGiss 66, 8f [early II A.D.] ἐρωτῶ εἰς τὴν τ. θεῶν εὐσέβειαν; but the sole use of εἰς in a series of datives w. ἐν may reflect bilingualism; for prob. Hb. perspective, s. M’Neile, comm. ad loc).
    ⑦ distributive marker: w. numbers εἰς is distributive ‘-fold’ (cp. ἐστρίς ‘until three times’ Pind., O. 2, 68; GDI IV p. 884, n62, 36 [IV B.C.]) Mk 4:8 v.l. (otherw. ἐς τετρακοσίους, ἐς ὀγδοήκοντα about 400, about 80: Arrian, Anab. 5, 15, 2; 6, 2, 4; 7, 20, 3).
    ⑧ The predicate nom. and the predicate acc. are somet. replaced by εἰς w. acc. under Semitic influence, which has strengthened Gk. tendencies in the same direction:
    ⓐ predicate nom.
    α. w. γίνεσθαι (PFay 119, 34 [100 A.D.] ἵνα μὴ εἰς ψωμίον γένηται; Wsd 14:11; 1 Macc 1:36; 10:70; Jdth 5:10, 18 al.) Mt 21:42 (Ps 117:22). ἐγένετο εἰς δένδρον Lk 13:19; cp. J 16:20; Ac 5:36; Rv 8:11; 16:19.
    β. w. εἶναι (Bar 2:23; Jdth 5:21, 24; Sir 31:10 et al.) Mt 19:5 (Gen 2:24); Lk 3:5 (Is 40:4); 2 Cor 6:18; Hb 1:5; 8:10 (in the last 3 pass. OT expressions are also reproduced). Not fr. the OT: 1J 5:8.
    γ. λογίζεσθαι εἰς (Wsd 2:16; 1 Macc 2:52) Ro 4:3 (Gen 15:6); cp. 2:26; 9:8. λ. εἰς οὐθέν (Is 40:17; Wsd 3:17; cp. 9:6) Ac 19:27.
    ⓑ predicate acc. (Heliod. 6, 14, 1 τ. πήραν εἰς καθέδραν ποιησαμένη=she used the knapsack as a seat; Vett. Val. 59, 7; 1 Macc 10:54; 11:62; Jdth 5:11 al.; JosAs 13:12 παράθου με αὐτῷ εἰς παιδίσκην) ἐγείρειν τινὰ εἰς βασιλέα Ac 13:22 (cp. 1 Km 13:14). ἀνατρέφεσθαί τινα εἰς υἱόν 7:21 (cp. Ex 2:10). τέθεικά σε εἰς φῶς ἐθνῶν 13:47 (cp. Is 49:6). Cp. Mt 21:46; 1 Cl 42:4.—B-D-F §145; 157, 5; Rdm.2 20f; Mlt. 71f; Mlt-H. 462. Johannessohn, Kasus 4f.
    ⑨ marker of instrumentality, by, with (Arrian, Anab. 5, 12, 3 ἐς ἀκρίβειαν=with care; Vi. Aesopi I G 7 P. νικᾶν εἰς εὐσέβειαν πάντα ψόγον=overcome all censure with piety) εἰς διαταγὰς ἀγγέλων Ac 7:53 (=ἐν διαταγαῖς, B-D-F §206, 1). Sim. ὕπαγε εἰς εἰρήνην (1 Km 1:17) Mk 5:34; Lk 7:50; 8:48 (=ἐν εἰρήνῃ). Mlt-Turner 254f.
    ⑩ Other uses of εἰς
    ⓐ at, in the face of μετανοεῖν εἰς τὸ κήρυγμα repent at the proclamation Mt 12:41; Lk 11:32; cp. Ro 4:20 and perh. Mt 3:11. JMantey, JBL 70, ’51, 45–48, 309–11 argues for a causal use here because of the proclam., with reff.; against him RMarcus, ibid. 129f; 71, ’52, 43f; JDavis, Restoration Qtrly 24, ’81, 80–88.
    ⓑ for βαπτίζω εἰς s. βαπτίζω 2c.
    ⓒ μένειν εἰς remain with (PFay 111, 12 [95/96 A.D.]) so perh. J 6:27.
    ⓓ in pregnant constructions: σῴζειν εἰς bring safely into 2 Ti 4:18 (cp. X., An. 6, 4, 8; Diod S 2, 48; Cebes 27; SIG 521, 26 [III B.C.], OGI 56, 11; 4 Macc 15:3). διασῴζειν 1 Pt 3:20 (cp. Gen 19:19). μισθοῦσθαι ἐργάτας εἰς τ. ἀμπελῶνα to go into the vineyard Mt 20:1. ἐλευθεροῦσθαι εἰς be freed and come to Ro 8:21. ἀποδιδόναι τινὰ εἰς Αἴγυπτον Ac 7:9 (cp. Gen 37:28). ἔνοχος εἰς τ. γέενναν Mt 5:22; cp. 10:9; Mk 6:8; J 20:7.—DELG. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > εἰς

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