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81 κύτος
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `rounding, vault of a shield, a cuirass, a vessel etc., vessel, trunk, body' (trag., com., Pl. Ti. a. Lg., Arist., Plb.);.Derivatives: ἐγ-κυτί(ς) `to the skin' (s. v.)Etymology: Uncertain κυτίς `cupboard, box' (sch. Ar. Pax 665); for κοιτίς? Of old connected with σκῦτος, Lat. cutis `skin', Germ., e.g. OHG hūt ' Haut' etc. The word was split (e.g. by Curtius) in two: 1. `skin', 2. `hollow' (to κυέω etc.) [which would have a long ῡ]. For one source Walde LEW2 s. cunnus with a meaning `cover, conceal' = `conceal something, vault (around)(?)' (accepted by Bq); rejected by WP. 2, 546. A meaning `cover, skin' can hardly be demonstrated for κύτος and is also not necessary for ἐγ-κυτί (s. above). Connection with the group of κυέω however cannot without difficulty be assumed, as per Frisk; for the short vowel (against κῦ-μα etc.) he refers to Lat. cŭ-mŭlus [but does this belong here?] and W.-Hofmann s. v.; (formation like ἔν-τος?). - Unclear. I see no connection with κυέω. The variation long: short is dificult.Page in Frisk: 2,57Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κύτος
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82 μέροπες
Grammatical information: pl.Meaning: adjunct of ἄνθρωποι (Hom.), βροτοί (Β 285), after these of λαοί (A. Supp. 90 [lyr.]) and, as subst., = ἄνθρωποι (trag., hell. a. late poets); also = οἱ ἄφρονες ὑπὸ Εὑβοέων ( Gloss. Oxy. 1802, 48). Further as peoplesname (Pi.) und as name of a bird (Arist., Plu.); cf. below.Compounds: μεροπο-σπόρος `procreating men' (Man.).Derivatives: μεροπήϊος `human' (Man., Opp.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Meaning, and so origin unknown. Several hypotheses, with diff. IE connections: `who has a thinking aspect' (to μέρμερος a. cogn.; Bechtel Lex. s.v.); `who has the appearance of a mortal' (to βροτός, morior etc.; Bréal MSL 13, 105); `who looks on death' (Runes IF 52, 216f.); `with luminous face' (to μαρμαίρω, Lat. merus; Tucker Class Quart. 16, 102, Ribezzo RIGI 11,238); `with brilliant eyes' (Carnoy, Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 7, 121; thus in the name of the constellation Μερόπη, on which Scherer 123 [rhime beside Άστερόπη], and in Μέροψ); `der Geifer' = `robber'. resp. `who understands' (to μάρπτω; Fick KZ 20, 172); speaking `articulated' (" διὰ τὸ μεμερισμένην ἔχειν την ὄπα, ἤγουν την φωνήν" H.). Still diff. Chantraine Mél. Cumont 121ff.: code for γηγενής `earthborn' after the bird μέροψ `bee-eater', who puts his eggs in holes in the earth; against this Leumann Hom. Wörter 214 n. 8; s. also BSL p. XIV (discussionreport). The bird was rather called after the Μέροπες who live in holes of the earth on Kos. -- On the animal- and peoples-names in - οψ (- ωψ) like δρύοψ, Δρύοπες, πάρνοψ, Δόλοπες etc. Schwyzer 426 w. n. 4, Chantraine Form. 259. Koller, Glotta 46(1968)14-26 who starts from hAp. 4 with the formula πόλις μερόπων ἀνθώπων, said of Kos; it would have meant `a city of mortal men'. Further Ramat, Acad. Toscana La Colombaria 1960, 131 - 157, and Riv. fil. cl.1962, 150. Cf. ἀέροψ; the relation between this word and Μέροψ is unclear (Fur. 246). - As the suffix is probably non-IE., so will be the whole word; i.e. prob. Pre-GreekPage in Frisk: 2,211-212Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μέροπες
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83 ὀφείλω
ὀφείλω impf. ὤφειλον; fut. ὀφειλήσω LXX; our lit. has only the pres. and impf. (Hom.+).① to be indebted to someone in a financial sense, owe someth. to someone, be indebted to τινί τι Mt 18:28a; Lk 16:5. W. acc. of debt (Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 8 §26; Jos., Ant. 13, 56) Mt 18:28b; Lk 7:41; 16:7; Phlm 18 (CMartin, in: Persuasive Artistry, ed. DWatson, ’91, 321–37). τὸ ὀφειλόμενον the sum that is owed (X.; Pla.; CPR I, 228, 5. In pap. the pl. is more freq. found in this mng.) Mt 18:30. πᾶν τὸ ὀφ. αὐτῷ the whole amount that he owed him vs. 34.② to be under obligation to meet certain social or moral expectations, oweⓐ gener.α. owe, be indebted τινί τι (to) someone (for) someth. (Alciphron 4, 13, 1 Νύμφαις θυσίαν ὀφ.; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 295) πόσα αὐτῷ ὀφείλομεν ὅσια; for how many holy deeds are we indebted to (Jesus Christ)? 2 Cl 1:3. μηδενὶ μηδὲν ὀφείλετε εἰ μὴ τὸ ἀλλήλους ἀγαπᾶν owe nothing to anyone except to love each other Ro 13:8 (AFridrichsen, StKr 102, 1930, 294–97. For initiative in kindness cp. Thu. 2, 40 ‘we acquire friends not by receiving benefits but by conferring them’). τὴν ὀφειλομένην εὔνοιαν the goodwill that one owes, a euphemism for pleasing one’s spouse conjugally 1 Cor 7:3 v.l. εἰς τὸν ὀφειλόμενον τόπον τῆς δόξης to the glorious place that he deserved 1 Cl 5:4. εἰς τὸν ὀφειλόμενον αὐτοῖς τόπον εἰσὶ παρὰ τῷ κυρίῳ Pol 9:2,—Subst. τὰ ὀφειλόμενα (s. 1 above) duties, obligations ποιεῖν fulfill GPt 12:53.β. be obligated. w. inf. foll. one must, one ought (Hom. [Il. 19, 200] et al.; ins, pap; 4 Macc 11:15; 16:19; Philo, Agr. 164, Spec. Leg. 1, 101; TestJos 14:6; Just., A I, 4, 4 al.; Mel., P. 76, 550; Iren., Did.) ὸ̔ ὠφείλομεν ποιῆσαι πεποιήκαμεν Lk 17:10. κατὰ τ. νόμον ὀφείλει ἀποθανεῖν J 19:7. Cp. 13:14; Ro 15:1, 27; 1 Cor 7:36; 9:10; 11:10; Eph 5:28; 2 Th 1:3; 2:13; Hb 2:17; 5:3, 12; 1J 2:6; 3:16; 4:11; 3J 8; 1 Cl 38:4; 40:1; 48:6; 51:1; 2 Cl 4:3; B 1:7; 2:1, 9f; 4:6; 5:3; 6:18; 7:1, 11; 13:3; Pol 5:1; 6:2; Hs 8, 9, 4 v.l.; 9, 13, 3; 9, 18, 2; 9, 28, 5. Negat. one ought not, one must not (Jos., Vi. 149; Ar. 13, 5) Ac 17:29; 1 Cor 11:7; 1 Cl 56:2; Hm 4, 1, 3; 8; Hs 5, 4, 2; 9, 18, 1. Cp. 2 Cl 4:3. οὐκ ὀφείλει τὰ τέκνα τ. γονεῦσι θησαύριζειν children are under no obligation to lay up money for their parents 2 Cor 12:14.ⓑ Rabbinic usage has given rise to certain peculiaritiesα. ὀφ. used absolutely [חַיָּב]: ὀφείλει he is obligated, bound (by his oath) Mt 23:16, 18.β. commit a sin (s. ὀφείλημα 2; but cp. also SIG 1042, 15 ἁμαρτίαν ὀφιλέτω Μηνὶ Τυράννῳ) w. dat. against someone ἀφίομεν παντὶ ὀφείλοντι ἡμῖν Lk 11:4.③ to be constrained by circumstance, (best rendered by an auxiliary verb) have to, ought ἐπεὶ ὠφείλετε ἄρα ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου ἐξελθεῖν then you would have to come out of the world altogether 1 Cor 5:10.—ἐγὼ ὤφειλον ὑφʼ ὑμῶν συνίστασθαι I ought to have been recommended by you 2 Cor 12:11 (B-D-F §358, 1; Rob. 920). For the semantic perspective of Paul as creditor instead of debtor cp. the use of ὀφείλημα Ro 4:4. Paul’s sophisticated use here of diction that was in common use in reciprocity discourse is of a piece with the context in which irony plays a decisive role.—B. 641. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. -
84 ὄμνυμι
Aὄμνῠθι Il.23.585
, , E.Med. 746, cf. Orac. ap. Hdt.6.86. γ ; [ per.] 3sg.ὀμνύτω IG12.134.5
; [ per.] 3pl. ὀμνύντων. Foed. ap. Th.5.47, IG12.87.24: [tense] impf. , Ec. 823, D.17.10, etc.: also (from [tense] pres. [full] ὀμνύω) [ per.] 3sg. imper.ὀμνῠέτω Il. 19.175
; part.ὀμνύουσα Hyp.Ath.2
: [tense] impf.ὤμνῠον Il.14.278
, Foed. ap.Th.5.19,24, IG22.236.14, etc. (for [tense] pres. ind. the Trag. and Ar. use only ὄμνυμι, Hdt. and [dialect] Att. Prose writers also ὀμνύω, which also occurs in Com., Pherecr.143.9, Amphis 42, Diph.101, Antiph.241.1, Alex.160 ; in Hdt.1.153 ὀμνύντες is restored for the dub. form ὀμοῦντες): [tense] fut. ὀμοῦμαι, εῖ, εῖται, Il.1.233,9.274, Hes.Op. 194, Ar.Nu. 246, Lys. 193, X.HG1.3.11, etc. ; [dialect] Dor. [ per.] 1pl. ; later [tense] fut.ὀμόσω AP12.201
(Strat.), Plu.Cic.23, etc.: [tense] aor.ὤμοσα Od. 4.253
, etc. ; [dialect] Ep.ὤμοσσα Il.20.313
; [dialect] Ep. also without augm. ὄμοσα, -οσσα, 19.113,10.328 : [tense] pf. , Ar.Ra. 1471, etc.: [tense] plpf.ὠμωμόκειν X.HG5.1.35
, D.9.16, 19.318 :—[voice] Med., Paus.10.26.3, [tense] aor. part.ὀμοσάμενος SIG531.28
(Dyme, iii B. C.), IG5(2).357.11 ([place name] Stymphalus), also in compds. ἀντ-, ἀπ-, δι-, ὑπ- :—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.ὀμοσθήσομαι And.3.34
: [tense] aor.ὠμόσθην X.HG7.4.10
, ([etym.] ὑπ-) Hyp.Fr. 202 ; butὠμόθην Is.2.40
, ([etym.] ὑπ-) D.48.25 : [tense] pf. [ per.] 3sg. , , Arist.Rh. 1377a11 ; [ per.] 3pl. ὀμώμονται Lexap.And. 1.98 ; part.ὀμωμοσμένος D.7.10
, 22.4, Arist.Rh. 1377b7 ( ὠμοσμένος v. l. in App.Pun.83, etc.):—swear, c. acc. cogn.,ὀμνυέτω δέ τοι ὅρκον Il.19.175
, al. ;ὅτις κ' ἐπίορκον ὀμόσσῃ 3.279
;ἑκὼν ἐπίορκον ὀμόσσας Hes.Op. 282
: c. dat. pers.,νῦν μοι ὄμοσσον.. ὅρκον Il.19.108
, al. ;πρός τινα Od.14.331
, 19.288 :—[voice] Pass., ;ὅρκων ὀμωμος μένων D.7.10
;εἰ ὀμώμοσται οὗτος [ὁ ὅρκος] Arist. Rh. 1377a11
, cf. b7.1 folld. by acc.,ταῦτα δ' ἐγὼν ἐθέλω ὀμόσαι Il.19.187
, cf. S.OC 1145, X.Ages.1.11 ; ὄ. τὰς σπονδάς Foed. ap. Th.5.47 ;τὴν εἰρήνην D.18.32
, cf. 9.16 ;θεῶν πίστεις τινί Th.5.30
, etc.2 folld. by [tense] fut. inf., swear that one will.., Il.21.373, etc., cf. S.Ph. 623, 941 ([tense] pres. inf., D.21.188 codd.): freq. with ἦ μέν, [dialect] Att. ἦ μήν, preceding the inf.,καί μοι ὄμοσσον ἦ μέν μοι.. ἀρήξειν Il.1.76
, cf. 10.321, Lys.31.1, X.HG 5.3.26, etc.: also by [tense] aor. inf. and ἄν, Id.An.7.7.40 : by [tense] pres. inf., swear that one does.., S.Ph. 357 : by [tense] pf. inf., swear that one has.., D.21.119 ;ὤμνυς μὴ γεγονέναι Magn.6
: by [tense] aor. inf., swear that one did..,ὀμνύουσι μὴ 'κπιεῖν ἀλλ' ἢ μίαν Pherecr.143.9
, cf. Hdt.2.179 ([tense] aor. inf. is perh. used, without ἄν, in [tense] fut. sense, D.23.170 (s. v. l.)): sts. a clause follows in the ind.,ὀμνύω.., ἦ μὴν ἐγὼ ἐθυόμην X.An. 6.1.31
;ὄμνυμί σοι.., οὐκ ἤθελον.. Theoc.Adon.22
.3 abs., εἶπον ὀμόσας ἄν I would have given my word of honour, Pl.Smp. 215d.III with acc. of the person or thing sworn by, swear by,νῦν μοι ὄμοσσον ἀάατον Στυγὸς ὕδωρ Il.14.271
;γαιήοχον ἐννοσίγαιον ὄμνυθι 23.585
, cf. 15.40, Hdt.5.7, A.Th. 529, S.Tr. 1185, etc. ;ὀμωμοκὼς τοὺς θεούς D.18.217
; ὄμνυμι θεοὺς καὶ θεάς folld. by inf., X.An.6.6.17, cf. 6.1.31 : rarely c. dat., τῷ γὰρ ὄμνυτ'; ἢ σιδαρέοισι; Ar.Nu. 248 : in Prose also with Preps., ὀ. καθ' ἱερῶν τελείων Lex ap.And.1.97, Th.5.47 ;κατ' ἐξωλείας D.21.119
;κατὰ τῆς Πολιάδος Luc.Symp.32
;εἰς τὸν Οὐιτέλλιον Plu.Oth.18
;ἐπὶ τῶν ἱερῶν Plb.38.20.5
; ;ἐν τῷ ναῷ Ev.Matt.23.16
:—[voice] Pass., ὀμώμοσται Ζεύς Zeus has been sworn by, adjured, E.Rh. 816, cf. Ar.Nu. 1241. -
85 ἄλφι
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `barley-groats' (h. Cer. 208), pl. ἄλφιτα (Il.), from which the sg. ἄλφιτον, in Hom. only in ἀλφίτου ἀκτή.Etymology: One assumes a plural *ἄλφατα from an i-n-stem as in Skt. ásth-i, asth-n-ás `bone', on the basis of ἀλίφατα ἄλφιτα η ἄλευρα H. But i\/n-stems are doubtful, and ἀλίφατα has been read as *ἀληφατα (Latte; cf. DELG, who compares ἀλήφατον ἄνθος ἐλαίης Peek, Grab-Epigramme 1897; the form would have been derived from ἀλέω.) - ἄλφι can be identical with Alb. elb, -i `barley' (from. * albhi), s. Demiraj. Further origin uncertain; perhaps PIE * h₂(e)lbh-i. - Here also Turc. arpa `barley', perhaps from an Iran. * arbi, Vasmer Stud. alb. Wortforsch. I, 1921, 16ff. - ἄλφι is mostly connected with ἀλφός (cf. λεύκ' ἄλφιτα Σ 560); "wenig wahrscheinlich", Demiraj. S. EIEC 51 with Iranian forms. On the meaning Moritz Class. Quart. 43, 1949, 113ff.See also:.Page in Frisk: 1,81Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄλφι
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86 κόθουρος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: adjunct of κηφήν or the drone, `without sting' (Hes. Op. 304); κόθουριν (cod. - οῦ-) ἀλώπεκα H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Like κόλουρος, f. - ρις `with cut (short) tail' (of the fox etc.) from κόλος and οὑρά, thus without doubt κόθουρος to κοθώ βλάβη H., which is further unclear. In H. also κορθώ βλάβη; so κόθουρος for *κορθ-ουρος and κοθώ derived from κόθουρος? - With κορθώ cf. Skt. kr̥dhú- `shortened, mutilated, invalid' (but this would have given *κραθ-υ- in Greek). - Fur. 198 connects κοντός, κονδός, with similar meaning, s.v.See also: s. κυρσάνιος.Page in Frisk: 1,891Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κόθουρος
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87 μωκάομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `mock, ridicule, insult' (LXX, Epicur., Agatharch.).Derivatives: μωκός m. `mocker, insulting' (Arist., LXX) with μωκία `mockery', μῶκος m. `insult' (Anon. ap. Ath., Simp.) with μωκ-άζω (Suid.), - εύω (Zonar.) `insult'. μώκημα (LXX), δια-, κατα-μώκησις (Plb., Ath.) `mockery'.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Because of the form (cf. βρωμάομαι, πωτάομαι a.o. Schwyzer 719) it is obvious to take μωκάομαι as an intensive deverbative; the rare μωκός and μῶκος are then backformations. One might also compare intensives like μηκάομαι and μυκάομαι. Further unknown. Acc. to an anonymous spokesman (Stud. itfilcl. N.S. 1, 93) the word would have been used prop. of a camel ( κάμηλος μωκᾶται), an indication which points to onomatopoetic origin. -- Cf. μῶμος. - Fur. 133 compares μώχεται φθονεῖ H. and concludes to a Pre-Greek word.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μωκάομαι
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88 μῶνυξ
μῶνυξ, - υχοςGrammatical information: adj.Meaning: `with one hoof', mostly plur. of horses as opposed to cattle and sheep with split hooves (Hom., Hdt., Arist.); on the stemformation Sommer Nominalkomp. 96 ff.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [902] *sm̥-h₃nugʰ-Etymology: Acc. to the ancients from *μονϜ(ο)-ονυξ wit syllable-dissimilation and ev. lengthening in compounds (cf. μον-όφθαλ-μος `one-eyed' etc.), which is defended by Runes Glotta 19, 286 f. Since de Saussure Rec. 266 however generally derived from *σμ-ῶνυξ with old zero grade of IE * sem- in eĭ̃s `one' (s.v.). If right, μῶνυξ must be quite old and like μ-ία (= Arm. mi) go back to pre-Greek times, "was nicht besonders wahrscheinlich ist" (Frisk). For μόν(Ϝ)ος one would have expected οἶ(Ϝ)ος (Schwyzer 433 n.3). For *σμ-ῶνυξ a.o. Wackernagel KZ 28, 137 (= Kl. Schr. 1, 619), Bechtel Lex. 230, Brugmann4 198, Risch $ 81, Lejeune Traité de phon. 102, Schwyzer 588 w. n. 3. The reconstructed form must be *sm̥-h₃nugh- \> μω-νυχ-; Beekes, Orbis 20(1971)138 - 142.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μῶνυξ
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89 οἴμη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `song, chant, saga, tale' (Od., A. R., Call. a.o.); in similar use also οἶμος ἀοιδῆς (h. Merc. 451), ἐπέων οἶμον (Pi. O. 9, 47), λύρης οἴμους (Call. Iov. 97).Derivatives: ἄοιμον ἄρρητον H., substant. hypostasis προοίμ-ιον (Pi., Att. prose), φροίμ-ιον (trag.) n., prop. "what stands πρὸ οἴμης or πρὸ οἴμου ( οἵμου, s. οἶμος)", `start of the song, introductory chant, introduction, preamble', Lat. pro- oemium, cf. Koller Phil. 100, 187 ff. Unclear παροιμία, s. v.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Because of the occasional connection of masc. οἶμος with song and play, it is obvious to connect οἴμη with οἶμος `walk, way'. The word would have got a special meaning in the language of the Aoedes. Thus (after the old interpretation, s. Curtius 401) a.o. still Güntert Kalypso 201 ff., Becker Das Bild des Weges 36f., 68ff., Bieler RhM 85, 240ff., Diehl RhM 89, 88, Nilsson Die Antike 14, 27; also Pagliaro Ric. ling. 2, 25 ff. (to the group of ἱμάς, s. v.; similarly a. o. Čop Sprache 6, 5). -- After Osthoff BB 24, 158ff. however οἴμη and οἶμος `song' must be separated from οἶμος `walk, way' and connected with OWNo seiðr m. `kind of sorcery', Skt. sā́man n. `song', what supposes partly suffixchange (* soi-mā: * soi-to-s), partly an ablaut sē[i]-: soi- (which is improbable); cf. WP. 2, 509 f. Improbable Benveniste BSL 50, 39 f. (from *som-i̯o- to Hitt. išhamāi- `sing'); cf. Bader, BSL 85(1990)36.Page in Frisk: 2,363Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > οἴμη
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90 σκόροδον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `garlic, Allium sativum' (Miletus VIa, Ion., com., Thphr. a. o.).Other forms: hell. a. late also (with dissim.; Schwyzer 259) σκόρδον; there is also σκοραδον (inscr. Cyrene), which may be secondary.Compounds: Some compp., e.g. σκοροδ-άλμη f. `salty garlic-broth' (com.; Risch IF 59, 58), ὀφιο-σκόρ(ο)δον n. kind of wild garlic (Gal., Ps.-Dsc.; Strömberg Pflanzennamen 33).Derivatives: σκορόδ-ιον n., - ίζω `to feed or to spice with garlic' (com.), - οῦν συνουσιάζειν H.; on the meaning Specht KZ 62, 215.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: The similarity with Alb. hurdhë, second. hudhërë `garlic' (Alb. u old redued vowel) has since long been observed, s. Jokl Festschr. Kretschmer 78ff. w. important details. When we further connect sker-d- 'cut' (s. κείρω; after the split root bulba; Jokl l. c., v. Blumenthal Hesychst. 17) the ο in - ροδ- would have to be secondary. To be rejecetd WP. 2, 587 (after Fick 1, 144): to sḱer- `cacare' (as emetic). -- On other appellations of onion and garlic s. κρόμμυον and πράσον; also βολβός. It is hard to draw a conclusion; the word may well be Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,738Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκόροδον
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91 στέλλω
A , [dialect] Ep.στελέω Od.2.287
: [tense] aor.ἔστειλα Th.7.20
, [dialect] Ep.στεῖλα Od.14.248
: [tense] pf.ἔσταλκα Arr.An.2.11.9
, ([etym.] ἀπ-, ἐπ-) Isoc.1.2, E.Ph. 863: [tense] plpf.ἐστάλκει Arr.An.3.16.6
, ([etym.] ἐπ-) Th.5.37:—[voice] Med., Il.23.285, etc.: [tense] fut.στελοῦμαι Lyc.604
: [tense] aor. ἐστειλάμην, [dialect] Ep. στειλ-, Il.1.433, S.OT 434, etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. στᾰλήσομαι ([etym.] ἀπο-) Aeschin.3.114 (v.l.), D.24.93; simpleσταλήσομαι J.AJ2.4.2
: [tense] aor. ἐστάλθην (in compd. ἀποσταλθέντες) GDI5186.4 ([place name] Crete), cf.Sch. Od.8.21; more freq. ἐστάλην [ᾰ], Pi.O.13.49, Hdt.4.159, ([etym.] ἐπ-) Th.1.91, etc.: [tense] pf.ἔσταλμαι Hdt.7.62
, Pl.Lg. 833d, etc.: [tense] plpf.ἐστάλμην Philostr. VA3.25
, [ per.] 3pl. ; ἐσταλάδατο and ἐστελάδατο dub.ll.in Hdt.7.89 (leg. ἐστάλατο):— make ready, ; ; νῆα ς. rig or fit her out, Od.2.287, cf. 14.247;πλοῖον Hdt.3.52
;ναῦς τριάκοντα Th.7.20
;τὰ ἐκ νεώς S.Ph. 1077
: also στρατιήν, στόλον, στρατόν, fit out an armament, get it ready, Hdt.3.141, 5.64, A.Pers. 177, etc.; : also στέλλειν τινὰ ἐσθῆτι furnish with, array in, a garment, Hdt.3.14; : c. dupl. acc.,στολὴν σ. τινά E.Ba. 827
sq.;σ. τινὰς ὡς δεσποίνας X.HG5.4.5
; σ. ἕλκος dress it, Hp.VC14; bury, ἐνὶ γαίῃ ς. A.R.3.205:—[voice] Med., στεῖλαί νυν ἀμφὶ χρωτὶ.. πέπλους put on robes, E.Ba. 821: c. dat., ἐσθῆτι στειλάμενοι having dressed themselves in.., Luc.Philops.32: metaph.,σ. κιθάρην Hermesian.7.2
:—[voice] Pass., fit oneself out, get ready, ἄλλοι δὲ στέλλεσθε do you others prepare (to compete in the games), Il.23.285;στρατὸν κάλλιστα ἐσταλμένον Hdt.7.26
, cf. 3.14, 7.93: c. acc. cogn., τὴν αὐτὴν ταύτην ἐστ. ib.62: c. dat., πρεπούσῃ στολῇ ἐστ. Pl.Lg. 833d: folld. by a Prep.,ἐσταλμένος ἐπὶ πόλεμον X.An.3.2.7
; ἐς ἄγραν, ἐπ' ἄγρην, Lyc.604, AP 7.535 (Mel.);περὶ ὄργια E.Ba. 1000
(lyr.): c. inf., ἐστέλλετο ἀπιέναι he prepared to go, Hdt.3.124;κινεῖν κώπας E.Tr. 181
(lyr.).II dispatch, send,ἐς οἶκον πάλιν A.Pr. 389
, cf. E.IA 119 (lyr.), etc.;ἐξ ἑνὸς στείλαντος S.OC 737
:—[voice] Med. and [voice] Pass., set out, or (esp. in [tense] aor. 2 [voice] Pass.) journey, Hdt.1.165, 3.53, 4.159, 5.92.β: c. acc. cogn.,ὁδὸν στέλλεσθαι S.Ph. 1416
(anap.), cf. A.R.4.296;πρὸς θάλασσαν E.Hel. 1527
;ἐπὶ τὸν χρυσόν Hdt.3.102
;ἐπὶ πλοῖα X.An.5.1.5
;τούτων γὰρ οὕνεκ' ἐστάλην S.Aj. 328
;ἴδιος ἐν κοινῷ σταλείς Pi.O.13.49
;οἷπερ ἐστάλην ὁδοῦ S.El. 404
;οἴκαδε Τροίας ἄπο E.Tr. 1264
; κατὰ γῆν (v.l. γῆς) X.An.5.6.5: abs.,στέλλου, κομίζου
begone!A.
Pr. 394: c. acc. loci, ὀμφαλὸν γῆς ς. E.Med. 668; (lyr.); of things, to be sent, S.Tr. 776: metaph. of speech,ἀέρα ἐκπέμπειν στελλόμενον ὑφ' ἑκάστων τῶν παθῶν Epicur.Ep.1p.27U.
2 [voice] Act. intr. in sense of the [voice] Pass. (in Hdt. and Trag.), prepare to go, start, set forth,ἔστελλε ἐς ἀποικίην Hdt.4.147
, cf. 148, 5.125, S.Ph. 571, 640: c. acc. cogn.,κέλευθον τήνδε.. ἔστειλα A.Pers. 609
.3 [voice] Med., set out upon a task,στέλλεσθαι πρός τι Pl.Phlb. 50e
; ; ἐπ' αὐτὸ δὴ τοῦτο στελλώμεθα; Id.Lg. 892e;ἐπὶ θήρας πόθον ἐστέλλου E.Hipp. 234
(anap.);ἐπὶ τυραννίδ' ἐστάλης Ar.V. 487
.III summon, fetch, bring a person to a place, S.OT 860, cf. OC 298, Ph. 623, 983;ὑμᾶς ἔστειλ' ἱκέσθαι Id.Ant. 165
, cf. Ph.60, 495; [ ἐμπορίαν] Pl.Ep. 313e:—[voice] Med., σ' ἂν οἴκους τοὺς ἐμοὺς ἐστειλάμην I would have sent for thee.., S.OT 434:—[voice] Pass., Id.OC 550 (cj.).b ἡ ὁδὸς εἰς Κόρινθον στέλλει leads to Corinth, Luc.Herm.27.IV gather up, make compact, esp. as a nautical term, furl, take in,ἱστία.. στεῖλαν Od.3.11
, 16.353;στείλασα λαῖφος A.Supp. 723
:—[voice] Med.,ἱστία μὲν στείλαντο Il.1.433
, cf. Call.Del. 320, Arist.Mech. 851b8: abs., στέλλεσθαι (sc. ἱστία) Teles p.10 H., Plb.6.44.6; so ἐπιστολάδην δὲ χιτῶνας ἐστάλατο they girded up, tucked up their clothes to work, Hes.Sc. 288, cf. A.R.4.45: abs.,στειλάμενος σιγᾷς AP11.149
.2 check, Epicur.Ep.1p.7U.; repress, Ph.2.274, etc.:—[voice] Med., Plb.8.20.4; λόγον στειλώμεθα draw in, shorten our words, i.e. not speak out the whole truth, E.Ba. 669; σ. τὸ συμβεβηκός hush it up, Plb.3.85.7; πρόσωπον στέλλεσθαι draw up one's face, look rueful, Phryn.PS p.107 B.3 Medic., bind, make costive, τὰ στέλλοντα astringents, opp. τὰ καθαίροντα, Gal.1.221, cf. Alex.Aphr.Pr.Praef.:—[voice] Pass., φλέβες στέλλονται shrink up, Nic.Al. 193.4 [voice] Med., restrict one's diet, οὔτ' ἂν ἀπόσχοιντο ὧν ἐπιθυμέουσιν, οὔτε στείλαιντο (v.l. ὑποστ-) Hp.VM5; στελλόμενοι τοῦτο avoiding this, 2 Ep.Cor.8.20;στέλλεο Περσεφόνας ζᾶλον Supp.Epigr.2.615
([place name] Teos). (Cf. εὔσπολον, κασπολέω, σπολάς, σπόλος, σπελλάμεναι; prob. I.-E. sq[uglide]el-. but not found in cogn. languages; I.-E. st(h)el- is prob. found in OSlav. st[icaron]lati 'spread out', Lat. lātus (fr. *stlātus) 'broad', with which στέλλω may be cogn.) -
92 ἰότης
Grammatical information: only dat. ἰότητι (Hom., A. R.; ἰότατι Alc. ᾱ 309 L.P., A. Pr. 558 [lyr.]) except ἰότητα Ο 41, about `will, decision' ( θεῶν ἰότητι etc.). On the use in Homer Krarup Class. et. Med. 10, 13).Etymology: Uncertain. Two hypotheses: 1. to Skt. iṣ- `wish' (pres. iccháti), either from * iso-tāt- (Curtius 402; thus Schwyzer 528 n. 8) or * isto-tāt- from the ptc. *istós = Skt. iṣṭá- `wished' (Chantr. Form. 294); 2. to ἵεμαι `hasten, desire' from *Ϝιό-της or, with haplological hortening, *Ϝιοτό-της, from *Ϝίοτος `wishing' = Lat. ( in-)vītus (s. on ἵεμαι; Sommer Lautstud. 12f.); however, ἵεμαι has a long i. - Improbable Leumann Hom. Wörter 127ff. (with criticism on the preceding), who explains ἰότητι from a false division of δηιοτῆτι (- τος) `enmity' in δη ἰότητι (- τος); the Boeot. PN Θειο-Ϝίοτος, which speaks strongly for an original Ϝιότητι, would have been built on ep. θεῶν ἰότητι; against Leumann Fraenkel Gnomon 23, 373.Page in Frisk: 1,731Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἰότης
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93 κομμόομαι
κομμόομαι, - όωGrammatical information: v.Derivatives: κόμμωμα `ornament' (Luc.), - ωσις `ornamentation' (Ath., H.); backformation κομμός περίεργος κόσμησις (Suid.); - ωτής `dresser' (Arr., Luc., Plu.) with κομμωτίζω ἐπιμελοῦμαι (Suid.), - ώτρια f. `servant-girl' (Ar., Plat.), - ώτριον `cleaning thing' (Ar.), - ωτικός `belonging to cleaning, polishing', - ωτική ( τέχνη) `art of cleaning' (Pl., hell.); κομμώ ἡ κοσμοῦσα τὸ ἕδος τῆς Άθηνᾶς ἱέρεια (AB).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: As typical culture word κομμόω is suspected to be a fashionable innovation or loan. The similarity with κόσμος resp. κομψός led to attempts, to connect them: *κομμος dialectal for κόσμος (L. Meyer 2, 342); from *κομπ-μ-ος beside κομπ-σ-ος (= κομψός) as IE. variants (?; Brugmann IF 28, 359 A. 2); both not very convincing. Better was the idea of Solmsen, RhMus. 56, 501f., to find an innovation, from κομμώ, which would have hypocoristic gemination in *κομώ (: κομεῖν).Page in Frisk: 1,909Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κομμόομαι
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94 Εὔξεινος πόντος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `the Black Sea' (Hdt., Pi.).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably] Iran.Etymology: Prob. euphemistic for ἄξε(ι)νος `inhospitable' (of the Black Sea e. g. Pi. P. 4, 263, E. IT 348), from Iranian (Scythian?) through folk-etymology, cf. Av. axšaēna- `dark-coloured'. Vasmer Osteur. Ortsnamen (Acta Univ. Dorp. B: I 3 [1921]) 3ff., Jacobsohn KZ 54, 254ff. S. also Allen Class. Quart. 41, 86ff.; 42, 60 against Moorhouse ib. 34, 123ff.; 42, 59f., who rejects Iranian origin. Recently R. Schmitt, Sel. Onom. Writings (2000) 158-163, who assumes that these names did not refer to a reality, but that the colour-names were used to indicate the cardinal points, for which he gives reff. in n. 7 (but none about Persia); the use of the colour names would have to be the same as in the Slavic world; his reference to the interest of the Persian kings in maritime connections proves nothing. Also the fact that several southern seas were called `red' might better be connected with the fact that Homer knows two Ethiopia's; and καλεομένη just means `(was) called', not `so-called' and is not "a clear hint on the improper or figurative use of the \<colour\>word."Page in Frisk: 1,590Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Εὔξεινος πόντος
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95 Ζαγρεύς
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: N. of an old god, perh. of the Underworld, later identified with Dionysos ( Alkmaionis Fr. 3 Kinkel, A. Fr. 228, E. Fr. 472, 11 a. o.); also Ζαγραῖος (Orph. Fr.210; lit. in Kern ad loc.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: If to the name of the mountain Ζάγρος (Anatolia), Ζαγρεύς is without a doubt Pre-Greek (cf. Chantraine Ét. sur le vocab. gr. 60 n. 1). Cf. on the other hand ζάγρη βόθρος, λάπαθον (`pitfall for wild beasts') H., which could be explained as backformation from Dor.-Nordwestgr. *ζᾱγρέω = ζωγρέω (on the phonetics s. Schwyzer 250; thus Chantraine l. c.. 44 n. 1). But it is not clear why the god would have been thus called; a suggestion in Boßhardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 99f. Not with v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 250 (after Hoffmann Dial. 2, 237 and Et. Gud. 227, 37) from ζ-αγρεύς = *δι-αγρεύς as "the perfect hunter". - On Ζαγρεύς Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 686 n. 1. Guthrie, Orpheus 113 thinks it is a Cretan god. Also Gantz, Early Greek Myth 1993, 118f.Page in Frisk: 1,607Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Ζαγρεύς
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96 ἀπούρᾱς
ἀπούρᾱςGrammatical information: aor. ptc.Meaning: `taking away, depriving' (Il.)Etymology: For *ἀπο-Ϝρᾱς (see Lejeune Traité de phonétique 154 u. 197). To the root aor. 3. Sg. ἀπ-ηυρᾱ (= *ἀπ-η-Ϝρᾱ with long augment). Ptc. med. ἀπουρᾰ́μενος (Hes. Sc. 173), analogical as zero grade - urh₂- would have given -Ϝρᾱ-. 1sg. ἀπηύρων (after the type ἐτίμα: ἐτίμων); see Chantr. Gramm. hom. 356, 379f.; also DELG. The barytonesis is Aeolic (Wackernagel Gött. Nachr. 1914, 119), not after the s-aor., which does not exist. The root * ureh₂- is not known from other languages. See Sinclair, Class. Rev. 39 (1925) 99ff; Strunk Glotta 37 (1958) 118-127. - On ἀπό-ερσε s.s.v.Page in Frisk: 1,125Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀπούρᾱς
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97 νέποδες
Grammatical information: pl.Meaning: in νέποδες καλῆς Άλοσύδνης as designation of the φῶκαι, the seals (δ 404); by later poets differently interpreted: as 'ἀπόγονοι, descendants' (Theoc. 17, 25, Call. Fr. 77; also Eust. 1502, 36); as 'νηξίποδες, swim-feeter' (H.), referred to fishes (Call. Fr. 260, Nic., AP), as 'ἄποδες, feetless' (Apion ap. Apollon. Lex.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Meaning uncertain, so etymologically unclear. For `with swim-feet' Brugmann IF 20, 218ff. supposing an original *νέτ-ποδες (to νότος; s.v. and νέω) or *νεπέ-ποδες to Skt. snapáyati `swim', which however is a purely Indian formation and therefore must be given up. Against `footless', except objective reasons, pleads the fact that Greek has no wordnegation *νε- `not-, un-'. The objective acceptable interpretation as ' ἀπόγονοι' identifies νέποδες wit Lat. nepōtes = Skt. nápātaḥ pl. `grandchild'; the word would have been adapted to the inflexion of πούς, older πώς: ποδός (Curtius 266f., Kretschmer Glotta 28, 266 f., Wackernagel Syntax 2,252). Cf. on the interpretations Pariente Emer. 11, 107ff.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νέποδες
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98 περιρρηδής
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: ep. Ion. adj. of uncertain meaning, usu. explained as `falling over, tumbling away' (χ 84, A. R. 1, 431), `bent, put out of place' (Hp. Art. 16, Mul. 2, 158).Derivatives: From it περιρρήδην (A. R. 4, 1581).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Formation like περι-καλλής, so prob. from a noun *ῥῆδος. Etymol. difficult because of the unclear meaning. By Düntzer KZ 13, 6 f., to which Bechtel Lex. s. v. (w. further lit.), connected with ῥαδινός, ῥάδαμνος (s. vv.) a.o. -- The assumption of Leumann, Hom. Wörter 3 14 f., περιρρηδής would have been taken by the medic. technical language from the epic, hardly convinces.Page in Frisk: 2,514Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > περιρρηδής
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99 σίττυβος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: des. of a κάκκαβος-like cauldron (Antiph. 182, 7).Derivatives: Besides σίττυβον, -α, - αι as expressions for `skin. leather, leather strap, leather jacket' (H., Poll., Phot., Hdn. Gr.). Also σίσυβοι = κροσσοί, ἱμάντες, θύσανοι (Phot., Eust.); in the same meaning also σίλλυβα (s. v.), prob. through contamination.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin] (V)Etymology: Starting ftom an orig. meaning `leather bag', from where `kettle, pan', Grošelj Živa Ant. 5, 230 wants to deduce the above words from a word for `goat', that would have been preserved in NGr. dial. σίτα and which he is explaining with Schwyzer KZ 58, 204 from the interjection σίττα. Here he draws also not only σίσυς and σισύρα (s. v.), but also, after the smell, σίσυνον τὸν ὀξίνην οἶνον and the plant name σισύμβριον(?). --- The word is clearly Pre-Greek; *sityub-Page in Frisk: 2,712Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σίττυβος
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100 Έκάτη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: Popular goddess originating from Anatolia (Caria) (Hes. Th. 411ff., interpol.?; h. Cer.), also identified with Artemis (E. Supp. 676 [lyr.]); cf. Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 722ff.Derivatives: Έκαταῖος `belonging to H.' (S., D.), also Έκατήσιος and Έκατικός `id.' (late); Έκάταιον n. effigy of H., which was put up before the houses or on three-forked roads (Ar.), Έκατήσιον `id.' (Plu.), Έκατήσια n. pl. Hekate-feast (Kos). Several Anatol. PN: Έκαταῖος, Έκατήνωρ, Έκατᾶς etc. (Bechtel Hist. Personennamen 150f.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Prop. surname, from a cross of ἑκατηβόλος or ἑκηβόλος (s. vv.). (I see no reason why it would have had a digamma.) Prob. Pre-Greek.Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Έκάτη
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