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1 βροτός
βροτός, ὁ, poet. Noun,A mortal man, opp. ἀθάνατος or θεός, in Hom. usu. Subst.,οἷοι νῦν βροτοί εἰσι Il.5.304
, al.;βροτὸς εἰς θεόν E. Andr. 1196
(lyr.);λόγος τις Ζῆνα μιχθῆναι βροτῷ A.Supp. 295
; ; βροτοί,opp. νεκροί, Id.Ant. 850 (lyr.); butβ. ἀνήρ Il.5.361
; and soβ. ἔθνος Pi.P.10.28
: as fem.,β. αὐδήεσσα Od.5.334
;β. οὖσαν AP9.89
(Phil.); but βροταί· γυναῖκες, Hsch. (s.v.l.): freq. in gen. pl., afterπολλοί B.1.42
, S.OT 981, etc.; after τίς ib. 437, etc.; βροτοί never takes the Art. in Trag. and Com., exc. when an Adj. or Pron. is added, τῶν πολυπόνων β. E.Or. 175; ἡμεῖς οἱ β. Ar.Eq. 601, Pax 849, cf. Sannyr.1; οἱ ταλαίπωροι β. Alex.66; οἱ πάντες β. Men.538.8.—Rare in Prose, Pl. R. 566d, Arist.Top. 133a31, 149a7. -
2 βροτός
Grammatical information: m. f.Meaning: `(mortal) man', also `mortal' (Il.).Derivatives: βρότεος (τ 545 etc.), βρότειος (Archil.) `mortal, human' (Wackernagel Unt. 69 n. 1, Schmid, - εος und - ειος 28f.); βροτήσιος `id.' (Hes.; after Ίθακήσιος, φιλοτήσιος etc., s. Chantr. Form. 41f.); βροταί γυναῖκες H. by Latte corrected in βροτοί - or a late experiment?). - ἄ-μβροτος `immortal, divine' (note ἀ-βρότη [ νύξ] Ξ 78, cf. ἀμφιβρότη [ ἀσπίς] `protecting the\/a man on all sides' Β 389), ἀμβρόσιος `id.', ἀμβροσίη `Ambrosia' food of the gods (all Il.). - On PN with μόρτος Masson R. Ph. 37 (1963) 222f. - (Not here μαραίνω.)Origin: IE [Indo-European] [735] *mr̥-tó- `dead, mortal'Etymology: βροτός, Aeolic for *βρατός, agrees with Arm. mard `man' (*mr̥tó-s); ptc.\/adj. Skt. mr̥tá-, Av. mǝrǝta- `dead'; Lat. mortuus, OCS mrъtvъ `dead' (suffix after vivus, živъ); the negative Skt. a-mŕ̥ta-, Av. a-mǝša- `immortal' = ἄ-μβροτος. - With different ablaut μορτός ἄνθρωπος, θνητός H. = Skt. márta-, Av. marǝta- `the mortal one, man'. - The verb `to die', (*mr̥-i̯-e\/o-) in Lat. morior, Skt. mriyáte, Lith. mir̃ti, OCS mrěti, Arm. meṙanim; further Goth. maúrÞr `Mord' etc. - S. also Thieme, Studien Wortkunde, 1952, 15-32..Page in Frisk: 1,270-271Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βροτός
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3 μαραίνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `quench, destroy', Med.-Pass. `die away, wither' (Il.),Other forms: aor. μαρᾶναι (h. Merc.; Zumbach Neuerungen 57), pass. μαρανθῆναι (Il.), perf. midd. μεμάρα(σ)μαι and fut. μαρανῶ (late).Derivatives: μάρανσις `dying away, wither' (Arist.; Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 136 n. 1), μαρασμός `withering' with μαρασμώδης (Mediz.); μαραντικός `withering' (Phryn., Sch.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: The above forms, the nominal derivv. included, form a system built through analogy, which replaced an older set of primary formations. As example served denominatives with a comparable meaning like κηραίνω `damage, corrupt' or an oppositum like ἰαίνω, ἰᾶναι `refresh', for which we can suppose an old primary nasalpresent (cf. s. v.). For μαραίνω too a nasalpresent may have been the precursor; s. μάρναμαι with further connections; on this Schwyzer 693 and Fraenkel Denom. 23. Chantr. thinks that the root may be related to Lat. morior etc. -- A NGr. representative is μαραγγιάζω `flourish till the end, perish' (Hatzidakis Άθ. 43, 186f.).Page in Frisk: 2,174Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μαραίνω
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4 μέροπες
Grammatical information: pl.Meaning: adjunct of ἄνθρωποι (Hom.), βροτοί (Β 285), after these of λαοί (A. Supp. 90 [lyr.]) and, as subst., = ἄνθρωποι (trag., hell. a. late poets); also = οἱ ἄφρονες ὑπὸ Εὑβοέων ( Gloss. Oxy. 1802, 48). Further as peoplesname (Pi.) und as name of a bird (Arist., Plu.); cf. below.Compounds: μεροπο-σπόρος `procreating men' (Man.).Derivatives: μεροπήϊος `human' (Man., Opp.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Meaning, and so origin unknown. Several hypotheses, with diff. IE connections: `who has a thinking aspect' (to μέρμερος a. cogn.; Bechtel Lex. s.v.); `who has the appearance of a mortal' (to βροτός, morior etc.; Bréal MSL 13, 105); `who looks on death' (Runes IF 52, 216f.); `with luminous face' (to μαρμαίρω, Lat. merus; Tucker Class Quart. 16, 102, Ribezzo RIGI 11,238); `with brilliant eyes' (Carnoy, Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 7, 121; thus in the name of the constellation Μερόπη, on which Scherer 123 [rhime beside Άστερόπη], and in Μέροψ); `der Geifer' = `robber'. resp. `who understands' (to μάρπτω; Fick KZ 20, 172); speaking `articulated' (" διὰ τὸ μεμερισμένην ἔχειν την ὄπα, ἤγουν την φωνήν" H.). Still diff. Chantraine Mél. Cumont 121ff.: code for γηγενής `earthborn' after the bird μέροψ `bee-eater', who puts his eggs in holes in the earth; against this Leumann Hom. Wörter 214 n. 8; s. also BSL p. XIV (discussionreport). The bird was rather called after the Μέροπες who live in holes of the earth on Kos. -- On the animal- and peoples-names in - οψ (- ωψ) like δρύοψ, Δρύοπες, πάρνοψ, Δόλοπες etc. Schwyzer 426 w. n. 4, Chantraine Form. 259. Koller, Glotta 46(1968)14-26 who starts from hAp. 4 with the formula πόλις μερόπων ἀνθώπων, said of Kos; it would have meant `a city of mortal men'. Further Ramat, Acad. Toscana La Colombaria 1960, 131 - 157, and Riv. fil. cl.1962, 150. Cf. ἀέροψ; the relation between this word and Μέροψ is unclear (Fur. 246). - As the suffix is probably non-IE., so will be the whole word; i.e. prob. Pre-GreekPage in Frisk: 2,211-212Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μέροπες
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