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strike+a+blow+for

  • 1 πατάσσω

    πατάσσω fut. πατάξω; 1 aor. ἐπάταξα. Pass.: fut. 3 sg. παταχθήσεται (Just., D. 53, 5); aor. inf. παταχθῆναι (Mel., P. 34, 233), ptc. neut. παταχθέν (AcPl Ha 5, 11); (cp. πάταγος ‘crash’; Hom.+; ins, pap LXX; PsSol 17:35; TestJob 20:6; TestLevi, JosAs; GrBar 3:8; AssMos Fgm. j; Hecataeus Hist.: 264 Fgm. 21 Jac. [in Jos., C. Ap. 1, 203]; Just., Mel.)
    ① to physically strike a blow, strike, hit
    ⓐ of a light blow or push τὶ someth. (Aesop, Fab. 246 P.=108 H.; 88 Ch.; 278 H-H. τὸ στῆθος) τὴν πλευράν τινος strike someone’s side in order to waken him Ac 12:7. τοῦ πατάξαι αὐτά to drive (sheep) forward GJs 18:3 codd. Abs., but w. the acc. easily supplied fr. the context, of touching w. a staff Hs 9, 6, 4.
    ⓑ of a heavy blow; w. acc. of the pers. (Demosth. 21, 33 τὸν ἄρχοντα; Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 17 §64 δᾳδοῦχον ἐπάταξε ξίφει) π. τὸν δοῦλον Mt 26:51; Lk 22:50. τὸ ὠτίον παταχθέν the ear hit (by hail) AcPl Ha 5, 11. Abs. strike ἐν μαχαίρῃ Lk 22:49 (cp. TestLevi 6:5 τὴν πόλιν … ἐν στόματι μαχαίρας).
    ⓒ of a blow that kills, strike down, slay τινά someone (PHal 1, 196; UPZ 19, 8 [159 B.C.]; BGU 1024 III, 17; JosAs 23:7) Mt 26:31; Mk 14:27; B 5:12 (all three after Zech 13:7; for the subject-matter s. Jos., Ant. 8, 404); Ac 7:24 (Ex 2:12).
    ② to inflict someth. disastrous, strike, fig. ext. of 1. Used in ref. to transcendent beings, it cannot be determined whether any actual touching or striking is involved, nor how far it goes (cp. Gen 8:21; Ex 9:15; 12:23; Num 14:12; Dt 28:22; 4 Km 6:18; 2 Macc 9:5 and oft. in LXX; PsSol 17:35; TestJob 20:6 [of Satan]. S. also SIG 1240, 11; PHamb 22, 7) ἐπάταξεν αὐτὸν ἄγγελος κυρίου an angel of the Lord struck him Ac 12:23. Used w. instrumental ἐν and dat.: of the two witnesses π. τὴν γῆν ἐν πάσῃ πληγῇ Rv 11:6 (PGM 12, 368 θεόν, τὸν πατάξαντα γῆν; 2 Macc 9:5 π. πληγῇ). Of the Logos as judge of the world ἐν αὐτῇ (i.e. the ῥομφαία proceeding fr. his mouth) π. τὰ ἔθνη 19:15.—DELG s.v. πάταγος. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > πατάσσω

  • 2 πλήσσω

    πλήσσω, Nic.Al. 456, present used by Hom. and [dialect] Att. writers only in compd. ἐκπλ- (cf. πλήγνυμι); [dialect] Att. [full] πλήττω Arist.Ph. 224a33: [tense] fut.
    A

    πλήξω A.Fr. 275

    , and late Prose, Philostr.VA5.39, ([etym.] ἐπι-) Il.23.580, ([etym.] ἐκ-) Pl.R. 436e, ([etym.] κατα-) X.Lac.8.3: [tense] aor. ἔπληξα, [dialect] Ep. πλῆξα, Il.2.266, Hes.Th. 855, Hdt.3.64, and later Greek, J.AJ4.8.33, Plu. 2.233f, BGU759.14 (ii A.D.), etc.; [dialect] Dor.

    πλᾶξα Pi.N.1.49

    ; never in [dialect] Att. (E.IA 1579 is spurious) exc. in compds. ἐκ-, κατα- (qq. v.); in the simple Verb the [tense] fut. and [tense] aor. of πατάσσω or παίω are used instead, as also in LXX: [tense] pf. πέπληγα, subj.

    πεπλήγῃ Ar.Av. 1350

    , inf.

    πεπληγέναι X.An.6.1.5

     (dub., but read by Ath.1.15e), part.

    πεπληγώς Il.5.763

    , al. (also in pass. sense in late writers, LXX 2 Ch.29.9, Plu.Luc.31, Luc.Trag.115, Q.S.5.91, etc.); later [tense] perf.

    πέπληχα Men.Epit. 485

    , Sam.86, J.AJ4.8.33: [dialect] Ep. redupl. [tense] aor. 2

    ἐπέπληγον Il.5.504

    ,

    πέπληγον 23.363

    , Od.8.264; inf.

    πεπληγέμεν Il.16.728

    , 23.660; but part. πεπλήγοντες in [tense] pres. sense, Call.Jov.53, Nonn.D.28.327:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. πλήξομαι ([etym.] κατα-) Plb.4.80.2, D.H.6.10, etc.: [tense] aor. ἐπληξάμην, [dialect] Ep. πληξάμην, h.Cer. 245, Hdt.3.14, and in late Prose, J.AJ16.10.7, ([etym.] κατα-) Plb.2.52.1, etc.; part.

    πληξάμενος Il.16.125

    : [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. 2

    πεπλήγετο 12.162

    , Od.13.198,

    πεπλήγοντο Il.18.51

    :—[voice] Pass., [tense] pres.

    πλήσσομαι Ptol.Harm.1.1

    : [tense] fut.

    πληγήσομαι X.Cyr.2.3.10

    , D.18.263 (but in compos. ἐκ-πλᾰγήσομαι); also

    πεπλήξομαι E.Hipp. 894

    , Ar.Eq. 271, Pl.Tht. 180a: [tense] aor.

    ἐπλήχθην Ph.1.39

    , Dsc.1.93, Placit.4.14.3, but mostly ἐπλήγην, Hdt.5.120, S.OC 605, etc. (the former nowhere in Trag., exc.

    ἐκ-πληχθείς E.Tr. 183

     (lyr.)); part.

    πληγείς Il.8.12

    , A.Th. 608, Frr.139, 180, Antipho4.4.3, etc.; [dialect] Dor. πλᾱγείς (v. infr. 1.1a ad fin.); [dialect] Aeol. πλάγεις [ᾱ] Alc.Supp.26.3; (ἐπλάγην [ᾰ] only in compds. ἐξ-, κατ-, of persons struck with terror or amazement): [tense] pf.

    πέπληγμαι Hdt.1.41

    , etc.—in [dialect] Att. and Trag., also LXX, the simple Verb is scarcely found exc. in [tense] fut. 2 and 3, [tense] aor. 2, and [tense] pf. [voice] Pass., but [tense] fut. [voice] Act. is used once by A., [tense] pf. 2 πέπληγα by Ar. and X. (v. supr.); Hdt. uses the [voice] Act. ([tense] aor. ) only in 3.64,78.—The [tense] pres. πλήσσω, πλήσσομαι are unknown to [dialect] Att. writers (also to LXX, exc. 4 Ma.14.19), who use the [tense] pres. [voice] Act. and [voice] Pass. of παίω, τύπτω instead (v. sub his vv.); whereas the [tense] aor. 2 [voice] Pass. ἐπλήγην is used instead of ἐπαίσθην, ἐπατάχθην, or ἐτύφθην ([etym.] ἐτύπην): hence

    παίσαντές τε καὶ πληγέντες S.Ant. 172

    ;

    πότερον πρότερος ἐπλήγην ἢ ἐπάταξα Lys.4.15

    ; πατάξας καταβάλλω, opp. πληγεὶς κατέπεσεν, Id.1.25,27;

    ὁ πληγεὶς ἀεὶ τῆς πληγῆς ἔχεται, κἂν ἑτέρωσε πατάξῃ τις, ἐκεῖσ' εἰσὶν αἱ χεῖρες D.4.40

    ;

    ὅταν ὁ μὲν πληγῇ, ὁ δὲ πατάξῃ Arist.EN 1132a8

    ;

    πατάξαι ἢ πληγῆναι Id.Rh. 1377a21

    ; so in D.21.33,38 the [voice] Act. πατάξαι corresponds with the [voice] Pass. πληγῆναι in ib.36,39:—strike, smite, freq. in Hom., esp. of a direct blow, opp. βάλλειν (

    οὔτε πληγέντα.., οὔτε βληθέντα Hdt.6.117

    ),

    πλῆξεν.. κόρυθος φάλον Il.3.362

    ;

    σκήπτρῳ δὲ μετάφρενον ἠδὲ καὶ ὤμω πλῆξεν 2.266

    , cf. 16.791; πλήξας ξίφει αὐχένα ib. 332;

    μή τις.. ἐμὲ χειρὶ βαρείῃ πλήξῃ Od.18.57

    , etc.;

    ἱστὸς.. πλῆξε κυβερνήτεω κεφαλήν 12.412

    : c. acc. dupl. pers. et rei, strike one on..,

    τὸν δ' ἄορι πλῆξ' αὐχένα Il.11.240

    , etc.;

    τὸν.. ξίφεϊ.. κληῗδα παρ' ὦμον πλῆξ' 5.147

    ;

    τὸν.. κατ' ἄκνηστιν μέσα νῶτα πλῆξα Od.10.162

    ; πὺξ πεπληγέμεν, of boxers, Il.23.660;

    πλῆξ' αὐτοσχεδίην 12.192

    ; πεπληγὼς ἀγορῆθεν ἀεικέσσι πληγῇσιν having driven him with blows, 2.264; κῦμα.. μιν.. πλῆξεν struck him, Od.5.431;

    ὦσε ποδὶ πλήξας 22.20

    ; ἵππω πλήξαντε [ποσὶ τὸν νεκρόν] Il.5.588;

    πέπληγον χορὸν ποσίν Od.8.264

    ; ἵππους ἐς πόλεμον πεπληγέμεν whip on the horses to the fray, Il.16.728; of Zeus, strike with lightning, Hes. Th. 855:—[voice] Med., μηρὼ πληξάμενος having smitten his thighs, Il.16.125;

    καὶ ὣ πεπλήγετο μηρώ 12.162

     (but

    στῆθος πλήξας Od.20.17

    ); πλήξασθαι τὴν κεφαλήν, as a token of grief, Hdt.3.14:—[voice] Pass., to be struck, smitten, πληγέντε κεραυνῷ stricken by lightning, Il.8.455, etc.; of a ship,

    Διὸς πληγεῖσα κ. Od.12.416

    ; of a tree, Hes.Sc. 422, cf. Th. 861; ἡ κριθὴ ἐπλήγη (by hail?) PPetr.2p.69 (iii B. C.): freq. in Trag.,

    πληγεὶς θεοῦ μάστιγι A.Th. 608

    ;

    Διὸς πληγέντα.. πυρί E.Supp. 934

    ; πληγείς τινος stricken by a man, Id.Or. 497 (s.v.l.); ἔβραχε θύρετρα πληγέντα κληῗδι touched by the key, Od.21.50;

    ὥσπερ τὰ χαλκία πληγέντα.. ἠχεῖ Pl.Prt. 329a

    ;

    ὑπὸ δόρατος πλαγεὶς δι' ἀμφοτέρων τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν IG42(1).122.64

     (Epid., iv B. C.): c. acc. cogn.,

    πέπληγμαι καιρίαν πληγήν A.Ag. 1343

    .
    b sting,

    πληγεῖσα ὑπὸ σκορπίου Sammelb.1267.6

     (i A. D.).
    3 strike or stamp as one does a coin, Κύπριος χαρακτὴρ.. ἐν γυναικείοις τύποις..

    πέπληκται A.Supp. 283

    .
    II metaph. in [voice] Pass., receive a blow, to be heavily defeated, Hdt.5.120, 8.130, Th.4.108, 8.38; to be stricken by misfortune,

    συμφορῇ πεπληγμένον Hdt.1.41

    , cf. A.Ch. 31 (lyr.); στρατὸν τοσοῦτον πέπληγμαι I am smitten in so great a host, Id.Pers. 1015 (lyr.);

    διανταίαν δόμοισι καὶ σώμασιν πεπλαγμένους Id.Th. 896

     (lyr.);

    φθινάσιν πληγεῖσα νόσοις S.Ant. 819

     (anap.).
    3 [voice] Act. of wines, when smelt or drunk, overpower,

    τὴν κεφαλήν Gal.18(2).568

    , 15.672; shock,

    κατασεισμὸς πλήσσει [τινὰ] βιαίως Sor.1.72

    :— [voice] Pass.,

    πληττομένη ἡ μήτρα Id.2.59

    . (Cf. πλάζω, Lat.plango, Goth. faiflōkun (redupl.) 'they beat their breasts'.)

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πλήσσω

  • 3 τύπτω

    τύπτω impf. ἔτυπτον; 1 aor. 3 sg. ἔτυψεν GJs 13:1 (Hom.+.—Defective, s. B-D-F §101; Mlt-H. 262) to inflict a blow, strike, beat, wound
    ⓐ lit. τινά someone (Jos., Ant. 20, 206, Vi. 108; 233) Mt 24:49; Lk 12:45; Ac 18:17; 21:32 (cp. 22:25; PLips 40, 21 ἐλευθέρους μὴ τύπτητε s. Taubenschlag, OpMin II 723); Tit 1:11 v.l. Pass. Ac 23:3b. τὸ στόμα τινός strike someone on the mouth 23:2. τὸ πρόσωπόν τινος strike someone in the face (Hermippus Com. [V B.C.] 80) Lk 22:64 v.l.; αὐτοῦ τὴν κεφαλὴν καλάμῳ Mk 15:19 (for the dat. cp. Diod S 15, 86, 2 ἀλλήλους τοῖς δόρασι; Quint. Smyrn. 1, 247). τινὰ ἐπὶ τὴν σιαγόνα strike someone on the cheek Lk 6:29. εἰς τὴν κεφαλήν τινος Mt 27:30. As a sign of contrition or sorrow (cp. Arrian, Anab. 7, 24, 3 τύπτεσθαι τὰ στήθη; ApcMos 42; Jos., Ant. 7, 252; Ath. 14, 2) ἔτυπτεν τὸ στῆθος ἑαυτοῦ Lk 18:13. τύπτοντες τὰ στήθη 23:48. ἔτυψεν τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ GJs 13:1. τύπτω κατά τι strike on someth. (schol. on Nicander, Alexiph. 456): κατὰ ἕνα λίθον ἔτυπτεν he struck on each individual stone Hs 9, 6, 3. Pass. of an anvil IPol 3:1.
    ⓑ fig. strike, assault
    α. misfortunes designated as blows coming fr. God (Ex 7:27; 2 Km 24:17; Ezk 7:6; 2 Macc 3:39; EpArist 192) strike Ac 23:3a.
    β. τύπ. τὴν συνείδησίν τινος assault someone’s conscience 1 Cor 8:12 (Il. 19, 125 ‘sharp grief struck him to the depths of his mind’; Hdt. 3, 64, 1 Καμβύσεα ἔτυψε ἡ ἀληθείη τῶν λόγων ‘the truth of the words hit Cambyses’; 1 Km 1:8).—B. 552f.—DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Cp. πατάσσω.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > τύπτω

  • 4 ἐπί

    ἐπί prep. w. gen., dat., or acc.; s. the lit. on ἀνά, beg. (Hom.+). The basic idea is ‘upon’ (opp. ὑπό) Kühner-G. I 495; s. also Rob 600–605. (In the foll. classifications case use is presented seriatim; in earlier editions of this lexicon all sections, except 13, 17, and 18 [of time], were included under the general rubric ‘Place’.)
    ① marker of location or surface, answering the question ‘where?’ on, upon, near
    ⓐ w. gen., marking a position on a surface ἐ. (τῆς) γῆς on (the) earth (cp. En 9:1; 98:1; ἐ. γῆς 25:6; PsSol 17:2) Mt 6:10, 19; 9:6; 23:9; Mk 6:47 al. (Ar. 12, 1; Just., A I, 54, 7 al.). ἐ. τῆς θαλάσσης on the sea (cp. Job 9:8; Dio Chrys. 10 [11], 129 βαδίζειν ἐ. τῆς θαλ.; Lucian, Philops. 13 βαδίζειν ἐφʼ ὕδατος, VH 2, 4; Artem. 3, 16 ἐ. τ. θαλάσσης περιπατεῖν; schol. on Nicander, Ther. 15 p. 5, 26ff relying on the testimony of Hesiod: Orion was given a gift [δωρεά] by the gods καὶ ἐ. κυμάτων πορεύεσθαι καὶ ἐ. τῆς γῆς) Mt 14:26; Mk 6:48f; J 6:19 (w. acc. P75; s. 4bβ below). ἐ. τῶν νεφελῶν on the clouds Mt 24:30; 26:64 (Da 7:13; cp. Philo, Praem. 8). ἐ. κλίνης 9:2; Lk 17:34. ἐ. τοῦ δώματος on the roof vs. 31; Mt 24:17; 10:27 foll. by pl. W. verbs: κάθημαι ἐ. τινος sit on someth. (Job 2:8; ἐ. τοῦ ἅρματος GrBar 6:2; cp. JosAs 27:1 ἐ. τοῦ ὀχήματος καθεζόμενος; Just., D. 90, 5 ἐ. λίθου καθεζόμενος) Mt 24:3; 27:19; Ac 8:28; Rv 6:16; 9:17 (the same prep. used in Rv w. κάθημαι and dat. s. bα below, and w. acc. cα). ἑστηκέναι ἐ. τινος stand on someth. Ac 21:40; Rv 10:5, 8 (Just., D. 86, 2 ἐστηρίχθαι). With parts of the body: ἐ. χειρῶν αἴρειν carry on (i.e. in/with) their hands Mt 4:6; Lk 4:11 (both Ps 90:12). ἐ. κεφαλῆς on the head (Hdt. 5, 12, 4) J 20:7; 1 Cor 11:10; Rv 12:1. ἐ. τοῦ μετώπου Rv 7:3; 9:4. ἐ. γυμνοῦ on the naked body Mk 14:51. Cp. use of ἐπί w. καθίζω and gen., and ἐπί w. κάθημαι and acc. Mt 19:28.—In a gener. and fig. sense Ac 21:23.
    ⓑ w. dat., gener. suggesting contiguity on, in, above.
    α. answering the question ‘where?’ (Hom. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; Just., D. 105, 5 ἐ. τῷ σταυρῷ; Tat., 9:1 ἐ. τοῖς ὄρεσι; Ath. 20, 1 ἐ. τῷ μετώπῳ; Mel., P. 19, 131 ἐ. σάκκῳ καὶ σποδῷ) ἐ. πίνακι on a platter Mt 14:8, 11; Mk 6:25, 28. ἀνακλῖναι ἐ. τῷ χλωρῷ χόρτῳ on the green grass 6:39. ἐ. τοῖς κραβάττοις vs. 55. ἐπέκειτο ἐπʼ αὐτῷ lay on it (or before it) J 11:38. καθήμενος ἐ. τῷ θρόνῳ Rv 4:9 (cp. gen. w. καθ. 1a above, and acc. cα below) 5:13; 7:10 and oft. ἐφʼ ἵπποις λευκοῖς on white horses 19:14. ἐ. σανίσιν on planks Ac 27:44. ἐ. τῇ στοᾷ in the colonnade 3:11. τὰ ἐ. τοῖς οὐρανοῖς what is above (or in) the heavens Eph 1:10. ἐπʼ αὐτῷ above him, at his head Lk 23:38 (=Mt 27:37 ἐπάνω τ. κεφαλῆς αὐτοῦ).
    β. answering the question ‘whither?’ on, upon (Hom. et al.) w. verbs that indicate a direction: οἰκοδομεῖν ἐ. τινι build upon someth. Mt 16:18. ἐποικοδομεῖν Eph 2:20. ἐπιβάλλειν ἐπίβλημα ἐ. ἱματίῳ παλαιῷ put a patch on an old garment Mt 9:16. ἐπιπίπτειν ἐ. τινι Ac 8:16. ἐκάθισεν ἐ. τῷ θρόνῳ he sat down on the throne GJs 11:1. λίθον ἐπʼ αὐτῇ βαλέτω J 8:7 v.l. (cp. 12a below).
    ⓒ w. acc., answering the question ‘where?’ (Hom. et al.; LXX; JosAs 29:2 φορῶν ἐ. τὸν μηρὸν αὐτοῦ ῥομφαίαν; Just., D. 53, 1 ζυγὸν ἐ. αὐχένα μὴ ἔχων)
    α. on, over someth. καθεύδειν ἐ. τι sleep on someth. Mk 4:38. καθῆσθαι ἐ. τι sit on someth. Mt 19:28 (in the same vs. καθίζω w. gen., s. a above) J 12:15; Rv 4:4; 6:2; 11:16 al.; cp. Lk 21:35b; κεῖσθαι ἐ. τι lie upon someth. 2 Cor 3:15. κατακεῖσθαι Lk 5:25. ἑστηκέναι ἐ. τὸν αἰγιαλόν stand on the shore Mt 13:2; cp. Rv 14:1. ἑστῶτας ἐ. τὴν θάλασσαν standing beside the sea 15:2. ἔστη ἐ. τὴν κεφαλὴν τοῦ παιδίου (the star) remained stationary over the head of the child GJs 21:3. σκηνοῦν ἐ. τινα spread a tent over someone Rv 7:15. ἐ. τὴν δεξιάν at the right hand 5:1. λίθος ἐ. λίθον stone upon stone Mt 24:2.
    β. ἐ. τὸ αὐτό at the same place, together (Ps.-X., Respublica Athen. [The Old Oligarch] 2, 2; Pla., Rep. 329a; SIG 736, 66 [92 B.C.]. In pap=‘in all’: PTebt 14, 20 [114 B.C.]; PFay 102, 6.—2 Km 2:13; En 100:2) εἶναι ἐ. τὸ αὐτό be together Lk 17:35; Ac 1:15; 2:1, 44. In 1 Cor 7:5 it is a euphemistic expr. for sexual union. κατοικεῖν ἐ. τὸ αὐτό live in the same place (Dt 25:5) Hm 5, 1, 4. Also w. verbs of motion (Sus 14 Theod.) συνέρχεσθαι ἐ. τὸ αὐτό come together to the same place 1 Cor 11:20; 14:23; cp. B 4:10 (Just., A I, 67, 3 συνέλευσις γίνεται). συνάγεσθαι (Phlegon of Tralles [Hadr.]: 257 Fgm. 36 III 9 Jac.; PsSol 2:2; TestJob 28:5 Jos., Bell. 2, 346) Mt 22:34; Ac 4:26 (Ps 2:2); 1 Cl 34:7. ἐ. τὸ αὐτὸ μίγνυσθαι be mixed together Hm 10, 3, 3. προσετίθει ἐ. τὸ αὐτό added to their number Ac 2:47.
    γ. at, by, near someone or someth. καθῆσθαι ἐ. τὸ τελώνιον sit at the tax-office Mt 9:9 (ἐ. τὰς ὡραίας πύλας GrBar prol. 2); Mk 2:14. ἑστηκέναι ἐ. τὴν θύραν stand at the door Rv 3:20. σὺ ἔστης ἐ. τὸ θυσιαστήριον you are standing (ἕστηκας deStrycker) as priest at the altar GJs 8:2. ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς among you 2 Th 1:10; cp. Ac 1:21.—Of pers., over whom someth. is done ὀνομάζειν τὸ ὄνομα Ἰησοῦ ἐ. τινα speak the name of Jesus over someone Ac 19:13. ἐπικαλεῖν τὸ ὄνομά τινος ἐ. τινα=to claim someone for one’s own (Jer 14:9; 2 Ch 7:14; 2 Macc 8:15) Ac 15:17 (Am 9:12); Js 2:7; Hs 8, 6, 4. προσεύχεσθαι ἐ. τινα pray over someone Js 5:14.
    ② marker of presence or occurrence near an object or area, at, near
    ⓐ w. gen., of immediate proximity to things at, near (Hdt. 7, 115; X., An. 4, 3, 28 al.; LXX, Just.) ἐ. τ. θυρῶν at the gates (Plut., C. Gracch. 841 [14, 3]; PRyl 127, 8f [29 A.D.] κοιμωμένου μου ἐ. τῆς θύρας; 1 Macc 1:55; Just., D. 111, 4) Ac 5:23 (s. b below for dat. in 5:9). ἐ. τῆς θαλάσσης near the sea (Polyb. 1, 44, 4; Ex 14:2; Dt 1:40; 1 Macc 14:34) J 21:1. ἐ. τῆς ὁδοῦ by the road Mt 21:19. ἐσθίειν ἐ. τῆς πραπέζης τινός eat at someone’s table Lk 22:30 (cp. POxy 99, 14 [55 A.D.] τράπεζα, ἐφʼ ἧς Σαραπίων καὶ μέτοχοι; Da 11:27 LXX ἐ. μιᾶς τραπέζης). ἐ. τοῦ (τῆς) βάτου at the thornbush = in the passage about the thornbush (i.e. Ex 3:1ff) Mk 12:26; Lk 20:37.
    ⓑ with dat., of immediate proximity at, near by (Hom.+) ἦν ἔτι ἐ. τῷ τόπῳ ὅπου was still at the place, where J 11:30 v.l. (for ἐν; cp. Just., D. 402). ἐ. τῇ θύρᾳ (ἐ. θύραις) at the door (Hom. et al.; Wsd 19:17; Jos., Ant. 17, 90; Just., D. 32, 3) Mt 24:33; Mk 13:29; Ac 5:9 (s. a above). ἐ. τοῖς πυλῶσιν Rv 21:12. ἐ. τῇ πηγῇ J 4:6 (Jos., Ant. 5, 58 ἐ. τινι πηγῇ; Just., A I, 64, 1 ἐ. ταῖς … πηγαῖς). ἐ. τῇ προβατικῇ (sc. πύλῃ) near the sheepgate 5:2; cp. Ac 3:10. ἐ. τῷ ποταμῷ near the river (since Il. 7, 133; Jos., Ant. 4, 176 ἐ. τ. Ἰορδάνῳ) Rv 9:14.—Of pers. (Diod S 14, 113, 6; Just., A I, 40, 7) ἐφʼ ὑμῖν among you 2 Cor 7:7; cp. Ac 28:14 v.l.
    ③ marker of involvement in an official proceeding, before, w. gen., of pers., esp. in the language of lawsuits (Pla., Leg. 12, 943d; Isaeus 5, 1 al.; UPZ 71, 15; 16 [152 B.C.]; POxy 38, 11; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 382, 23=BGU 909, 23; Jos., Vi. 258; Just., A II, 1, 1 ἐ. Οὐρβίκου). ἐ. τοῦ ἡγεμόνος in the governor’s presence Mt 28:14. ἐ. ἡγεμόνων καὶ βασιλέων Mk 13:9. ἐ. σου before you (the procurator) Ac 23:30. ἐ. Τερτούλλου Phlm subscr. v.l.; στάντος μου ἐ. τοῦ συνεδρίου Ac 24:20 (cp. Diod S 11, 55, 4 ἐ. τοῦ κοινοῦ συνεδρίου τ. Ἑλλήνων). γυναικὸς … διαβληθείσης ἐ. τοῦ κυρίου Papias (2:17). κρίνεσθαι ἐ. τῶν ἀδίκων go to law before the unrighteous 1 Cor 6:1. κριθήσεται ἐφʼ ὑμῶν before your tribunal D 11:11. μαρτυρεῖν ἐ. Ποντίου Πιλάτου testify before Pontius Pilate 1 Ti 6:13 (s. μαρτυρέω 1c). ἐ. τοῦ βήματος (POxy 37 I, 3 [49 A.D.]) ἑστὼς ἐ. τοῦ βήματος Καίσαρός εἰμι I am standing before Caesar’s tribunal Ac 25:10 (Appian says Prooem. c. 15 §62 of himself: δίκαις ἐν Ῥώμῃ συναγορεύσας ἐ. τῶν βασιλέων=I acted as attorney in lawsuits in Rome before the emperors).—Gener. in someone’s presence (Appian, Syr. 61 §324 ἐφʼ ὑμῶν=in your presence) ἐ. Τίτου before Titus 2 Cor 7:14. Cp.10 below.
    ④ marker of movement to or contact w. a goal, toward, in direction of, on
    ⓐ w. gen., marking contact with the goal that is reached, answering the question ‘whither?’ toward, on, at w. verbs of motion (Appian, Iber. 98 §427 ἀπέπλευσεν ἐπʼ οἴκου=he sailed [toward] home; PGM 4, 2468f ἀναβὰς ἐ. δώματος; JosAs 27:1 ἀνέδραμε … ἐ. πέτρας; Jos., Ant. 4, 91 ἔφευγον ἐ. τ. πόλεων; Tat. 33:3 Εὐρώπην ἐ. τοῦ ταύρου καθιδρύσαντος) βάλλειν τὸν σπόρον ἐ. τῆς γῆς Mk 4:26; also σπείρειν vs. 31. πίπτειν (Wsd 18:23; TestAbr A 3 p. 80, 11 [Stone p. 8]; JosAs 9:1) 9:20; 14:35. καθιέναι Ac 10:11. τιθέναι (Sir 17:4) Lk 8:16; J 19:19; Ac 5:15. ἔρχεσθαι Hb 6:7; Rv 3:10; γίνεσθαι ἐ. reach, be at J 6:21. γενόμενος ἐ. τοῦ τόπου when he reached the place Lk 22:40. καθίζειν take one’s seat ἐ. θρόνου (JosAs 7:1 al.) Mt 19:28 (s. 1a end); 23:2; 25:31; J 19:13 (ἐ. βήματος of Pilate as Jos., Bell. 2, 172; of Jesus Just., A I, 35, 6). κρεμαννύναι ἐ. ξύλου hang on a tree (i.e. cross) (Gen 40:19; cp. Just., D. 86, 6 σταυρωθῆναι ἐ. τοῦ ξύλου) Ac 5:30; 10:39; cp. Gal 3:13 (Dt 21:23).
    ⓑ w. acc.
    α. specifying direction (En 24:2 ἐ. νότον ‘southward’ of position of the mountain) of motion that takes a particular direction, to, toward ἐκτείνας τ. χεῖρα ἐ. τοὺς μαθητάς Mt 12:49; cp. Lk 22:53 (JosAs 12:8). πορεύεσθαι ἐ. τὸ ἀπολωλός go after the one that is lost 15:4. ἐ. τὴν ῏Ασσον in the direction of Assos Ac 20:13. ἐπιστρέφειν ἐ. τι turn to someth. 2 Pt 2:22 (cp. Pr 26:11; En 99:5). ὡς ἐ. λῃστήν as if against a robber Mt 26:55; Mk 14:48; Lk 22:52.
    β. from one point to another across, over w. motion implied (Hom.+; LXX) περιπατεῖν, ἐλθεῖν ἐ. τ. θάλασσαν or ἐ. τ. ὕδατα Mt 14:25, 28f; J 6:19 P75. Of spreading across the land (PsSol 17:10): famine Ac 7:11; 11:28; darkness Mt 27:45; Lk 23:44. ἐ. σταδίους δώδεκα χιλιάδων across twelve thousand stades Rv 21:16 v.l. (Polyaenus 5, 44, 4 ἐ. στάδια δέκα); ἐ. πλεῖον further (1 Esdr 2:24; 2 Macc 10:27) Ac 4:17.
    γ. of goal attained (Hom. et al.; LXX) on, upon someone or someth. πέσατε ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς Lk 23:30 (Hos 10:8). ἔπεσεν ἐ. τὰ πετρώδη Mt 13:5; cp. Lk 13:4. ἔρχεσθαι ἐ. τινα come upon someone Mt 3:16; also καταβαίνειν fr. above J 1:33; cp. Rv 16:21. ἀναβαίνειν (Jos., Ant. 13, 138; Just., A II, 12, 7) Lk 5:19. ἐπιβαίνειν Mt 21:5 (Zech 9:9).—Ac 2:3; 9:4 al.; διασωθῆναι ἐ. τ. γῆν be brought safely to the land 27:44; cp. vs. 43; Lk 8:27. ἐ. τὸ πλοῖον to the ship Ac 20:13. ἀναπεσεῖν ἐ. τὴν γῆν lie down or sit down on the ground Mt 15:35. ἔρριψεν αὐτὸν χαμαὶ ἐ. τὸν σάκκον he threw himself down on the sackcloth GJs 13:1. τιθέναι τι ἐ. τι put someth. on someth. (JosAs 16:11) Mt 5:15; Lk 11:33; Mk 8:25 v.l.; likew. ἐπιτιθέναι (JosAs 29:5) Mt 23:4; Mk 8:25; Lk 15:5; J 9:6, 15; Ac 15:10. ἐπιβάλλειν τ. χεῖρας ἐ. τινα (Gen 22:12 al.) Mt 26:50; Lk 21:12; Ac 5:18. Mainly after verbs of placing, laying, putting, bringing, etc. on, to: ἀναβιβάζω, ἀναφέρω, βάλλω, γράφω, δίδωμι, ἐγγίζω, ἐπιβιβάζω, ἐπιγράφω, ἐποικοδομέω, ἐπιρ(ρ)ίπτω, θεμελιόω, ἵστημι, κατάγω, οἰκοδομέω, σωρεύω; s. these entries. Sim. βρέχειν ἐ. τινα cause rain to fall upon someone Mt 5:45 (cp. PsSol 17:18); also τ. ἥλιον ἀνατέλλειν ἐ. τινα cause the sun to rise so that its rays fall upon someone *ibid. τύπτειν τινὰ ἐ. τὴν σιαγόνα strike on the cheek Lk 6:29. πίπτειν ἐ. (τὸ) πρόσωπον (Jdth 14:6) on the face Mt 17:6; 26:39; Lk 5:12; 17:16; 1 Cor 14:25; Rv 7:11.—To, upon w. acc. of thing πορεύεσθαι ἐ. τὴν ὁδόν go to the road Ac 8:26; cp. 9:11. ἐ. τὰς διεξόδους Mt 22:9. ἵνα μὴ πνέῃ ἄνεμος ἐ. πᾶν δένδρον so that no wind should blow upon any tree Rv 7:1.
    δ. of closeness to someth. or someone to, up to, in the neighborhood of, on ἐ. τὸ μνημεῖον up to the tomb Mk 16:2; Lk 24:1 v.l., 22, 24; cp. ἐ. τὸ μνῆμα Mk 16:2 v.l.; Lk 24:1. ἔρχεσθαι ἐ. τι ὕδωρ come to some water Ac 8:36. ἐ. τὴν πύλην τὴν σιδηρᾶν to the iron gate 12:10. καταβαίνειν ἐ. τὴν θάλασσαν go down to the sea J 6:16. ἐ. τὸν Ἰορδάνην Mt 3:13 (Just., D. 88, 3 al.). ἀναπίπτειν ἐ. τὸ στῆθος he leaned back on (Jesus’) breast J 13:25; 21:20. πίπτειν ἐ. τοὺς πόδας fall at (someone’s) feet Ac 10:25 (JosAs 14:10 ἔπεσεν ἐ πρόσωπον ἐ. τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ). ἐ. τ. ἀκάνθας among the thorns Mt 13:7.—W. acc. of pers. to someone ἐ. τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἐλθόντες they came to Jesus J 19:33; cp. Mt 27:27; Mk 5:21.
    ε. in imagery of goal or objective to, toward (Just., A II, 7, 6 ἐπʼ ἀμφότερα τρέπεσθαι) ἐπιστρέφειν, ἐπιστρέφεσθαι ἐ. τινα turn to (Dt 30:10; 31:20 al.; Ar. 2, 1 ἔλθωμεν καὶ ἐ. τὸ ἀνθρώπινον γένος ‘let us now turn to …’; Just., D. 56, 11 ἐ. τὰς γραφὰς ἐπανελθών) Lk 1:17; Ac 9:35; 11:21; 14:15; 26:20; Gal 4:9; 1 Pt 2:25.
    ⑤ marker of manner, corresponding to an adv., w. dat. (Aeschyl., Suppl. 628 ἐπʼ ἀληθείᾳ; UPZ 162 VI, 3 [117 B.C.] κακοτρόπως καὶ ἐ. ῥαδιουργίᾳ; POxy 237 VI, 21 ἐ. τῇ τῶν ἀνθρ. σωτηρίᾳ; ἐφʼ ὁράσει En 14:8; Just., A I, 9, 3 ἐφʼ ὕβρει; 55, 7 ἐ. τούτῳ τῷ σχήματι ‘in this form’; Tat. 17, 1 ἐπʼ ἀκριβείᾳ; Ath. 33, 2 ἐφʼ ἑνὶ γάμῳ) ὁ σπείρων ἐπʼ εὐλογίαις (in contrast to ὁ σπείρων φειδομένως one who sows sparingly) one who sows in blessing (i.e. generously) 2 Cor 9:6. ἐπʼ εὐλογίαις θερίζειν reap generously ibid.
    ⑥ marker of basis for a state of being, action, or result, on, w. dat. (Hom. et al.)
    ⓐ ἐπʼ ἄρτῳ ζῆν live on bread Mt 4:4; Lk 4:4 (both Dt 8:3. cp. Ps.-Pla., Alcib. 1, 105c; Plut., Mor. 526d; Alciphron 3, 7, 5; SibOr 4, 154). ἐ. τῷ ῥήματί σου depending on your word Lk 5:5. οὐ συνῆκαν ἐ. τοῖς ἄρτοις they did not arrive at an understanding (of it) (by reflecting) on (the miracle of) the loaves Mk 6:52 (cp. Demosth. 18, 121 τί σαυτὸν οὐκ ἐλλεβορίζεις ἐ. τούτοις [sc. λόγοις];=why do you not come to an understanding concerning these words?). ἐ. τῇ πίστει on the basis of faith Ac 3:16; Phil 3:9. ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι on the basis of hope, supporting itself on hope Ac 2:26 (? s. ἐλπίς 1bα); Ro 4:18; 8:20; 1 Cor 9:10; Tit 1:2.—Ac 26:6 ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι gives the basis of the trial at law, as does ἐ. εὐεργεσίᾳ 4:9. ἀπολύειν τ. γυναῖκα ἐ. πορνείᾳ Mt 19:9 (cp. Dio Chrys. 26 [43], 10 ἀπολύειν ἐπʼ ἀργυρίῳ; Ath. 2, 3 κρίνεσθαι … μὴ ἐ. τῷ ὀνόματι, ἐ. δὲ τῷ ἀδικήματι). γυναικὸς ἐ. πόλλαις ἁμαρτίαις διαβληθείσης Papias (2:17). On the basis of the testimony of two witnesses (cp. Appian, Iber. 79 §343 ἤλεγχον ἐ. μάρτυσι) Hb 10:28 (Dt 17:6); sim. use of ἐ. τινί on the basis of someth.: 8:6; 9:10, 15 (here it may also be taken in the temporal sense; s. 18 below), 17. ἁμαρτάνειν ἐ. τῷ ὁμοιώματι τ. παραβάσεως Ἀδάμ Ro 5:14 (ὁμοίωμα 1). δαπανᾶν ἐ. τινι pay the expenses for someone Ac 21:24. ἀρκεῖσθαι ἐ. τινι be content w. someth. 3J 10.
    ⓑ w. verbs of believing, hoping, trusting: πεποιθέναι (Wsd 3:9; Sus 35; 1 Macc 10:71; 2 Macc 7:40 and oft.) Lk 11:22; 18:9; 2 Cor 1:9; Hb 2:13 (2 Km 22:3). πιστεύειν Lk 24:25; Ro 9:33; 10:11; 1 Pt 2:6 (the last three Is 28:16). ἐλπίζειν (2 Macc 2:18; Sir 34:7) Ro 15:12 (Is 11:10); 1 Ti 4:10; 6:17; cp. 1J 3:3. παρρησιάζεσθαι Ac 14:3.
    ⓒ after verbs which express feelings, opinions, etc.: at, because of, from, with (Hom. et al.) διαταράσσεσθαι Lk 1:29. ἐκθαυμάζειν Mk 12:17. ἐκπλήσσεσθαι Mt 7:28; Mk 1:22; Lk 4:32; Ac 13:12. ἐξίστασθαι (Jdth 11:16; Wsd 5:2 al.) Lk 2:47. ἐπαισχύνεσθαι (Is 1:29) Ro 6:21. εὐφραίνεσθαι (Sir 16:1; 18:32; 1 Macc 11:44) Rv 18:20. θαμβεῖσθαι Mk 10:24; cp. Lk 5:9; Ac 3:10. θαυμάζειν (Lev 26:32; Jdth 10:7 al.; Jos., Ant. 10, 277) Mk 12:17 v.l. μακροθυμεῖν (Sir 18:11; 29:8; 35:19) Mt 18:26, 29; Lk 18:7; Js 5:7. μετανοεῖν (Plut., Ag. 803 [19, 5]; Ps.-Lucian, Salt. 84; Prayer of Manasseh [=Odes 12] 7; Just., A I, 61, 10; D. 95, 3 al.) 2 Cor 12:21. ὀδυνᾶσθαι (cp. Tob 6:15) Ac 20:38. ὀργίζεσθαι Rv 12:17. σπλαγχνίζεσθαι Mt 14:14; Lk 7:13. συλλυπεῖσθαι Mk 3:5. στυγνάζειν 10:22. χαίρειν (PEleph 13, 3; Jos., Ant. 1, 294; Tob 13:15; Bar 4:33; JosAs 4:2; Ar. 15, 7) Mt 18:13; Lk 1:14; 13:17; Ro 16:19 al. χαρὰν καὶ παράκλησιν ἔχειν Phlm 7. χαρὰ ἔσται Lk 15:7; cp. vs. 10 (Jos., Ant. 6, 116 ἡ ἐ. τῇ νίκῃ χαρά). Also w. verbs that denote aroused feelings παραζηλοῦν and παροργίζειν make jealous and angry at Ro 10:19 (Dt 32:21). παρακαλεῖν 1 Th 3:7a (cp. Just., D. 78:8 παράκλησιν ἐχουσῶν ἐ.), as well as those verbs that denote an expression of the emotions ἀγαλλιᾶσθαι (cp. Tob 13:15; Ps 69:5) Lk 1:47; Hs 8, 1, 18; 9, 24, 2. καυχᾶσθαι (Diod S 16, 70; Sir 30:2) Ro 5:2. κοπετὸν ποιεῖν (cp. 3 Macc 4:3) Ac 8:2. ὀλολύζειν Js 5:1. αἰνεῖν (cp. X., An. 3, 1, 45 al.) Lk 2:20. δοξάζειν (Polyb. 6, 53, 10; cp. Diod S 17, 21, 4 δόξα ἐ. ἀνδρείᾳ=fame because of bravery) Ac 4:21; 2 Cor 9:13. εὐχαριστεῖν give thanks for someth. (s. εὐχαριστέω 2; UPZ 59, 10 [168 B.C.] ἐ. τῷ ἐρρῶσθαί σε τ. θεοῖς εὐχαρίστουν) 1 Cor 1:4; cp. 2 Cor 9:15; 1 Th 3:9.—ἐφʼ ᾧ = ἐπὶ τούτῳ ὅτι for this reason that, because (Diod S 19, 98; Appian, Bell. Civ. 1, 112 §520; Ael. Aristid. 53 p. 640 D.; Synes., Ep. 73 p. 221c; Damasc., Vi. Isid. 154; Syntipas p. 12, 9; 127, 8; Thomas Mag. ἐφʼ ᾧ ἀντὶ τοῦ διότι; cp. W-S. §24, 5b and 12f. S. WKümmel, D. Bild des Menschen im NT ’48, 36–40) Ro 5:12 (SLyonnet, Biblica 36, ’55, 436–56 [denies a causal sense here]. On the probability of commercial idiom s. FDanker, FGingrich Festschr. ’72, 104f, also Ro 5:12, Sin under Law: NTS 14, ’68, 424–39; against him SPorter, TynBull 41, ’90, 3–30, also NTS 39, ’93, 321–33; difft. JFitzmyer, Anchor Bible Comm.: Romans, ad loc. ‘w. the result that all have sinned’); 2 Cor 5:4; Phil 3:12; for, indeed 4:10.
    ⑦ marker of addition to what is already in existence, to, in addition to. W. dat. (Hom. et al.; PEleph 5, 17 [284/283 B.C.] μηνὸς Τῦβι τρίτῃ ἐπʼ εἰκάδι; Tob 2:14; Sir 3:27; 5:5) προσέθηκεν τοῦτο ἐ. πᾶσιν he added this to everything else Lk 3:20 (cp. Lucian, Luct. [On Funerals], 24). ἐ. τ. παρακλήσει ἡμῶν in addition to our comfort 2 Cor 7:13. λύπη ἐ. λύπῃ grief upon grief Phil 2:27 v.l. (cp. Soph., Oed. C. 544, also Polyb. 1, 57, 1 πληγὴ ἐ. πληγῇ; Plut., Mor. 123f; Polyaenus 5, 52 ἐ. φόνῳ φόνον; Quint. Smyrn. 5, 602 ἐ. πένθει πένθος=sorrow upon sorrow; Sir 26:15). ἐ. τῇ σῇ εὐχαριστίᾳ to your prayer of thanks 1 Cor 14:16. So perh. also Hb 8:1. ἐ. πᾶσι τούτοις to all these Col 3:14; Lk 16:26 v.l. (X., Mem. 1, 2, 25 al.; Sir 37:15; cp. 1 Macc 10:42; Just., D. 133, 1 ἐ. τούτοις πᾶσι).—W. acc.: addition to someth. of the same kind Mt 6:27; Lk 12:25; Rv 22:18a. λύπην ἐ. λύπην sorrow upon sorrow Phil 2:27 (cp. Is 28:10, 13; Ezk 7:26; Ps 68:28).
    ⑧ marker of perspective, in consideration of, in regard to, on the basis of, concerning, about, w. gen. (Antig. Car. 164 ἐ. τῶν οἴνων ἀλλοιοῦσθαι; 4 Macc. 2:9 ἐ. τῶν ἑτέρων … ἔστιν ἐπιγνῶναι τοῦτο, ὅτι …; Ath. 29, 2 τὰ ἐ. τῆς μανίας πάθη) ἐ. δύο ἢ τριῶν μαρτύρων on the evidence of two or three witnesses 1 Ti 5:19 (cp. TestAbr A 13 p. 92, 22ff. [Stone p. 32]). Sim. in the expr. ἐ. στόματος δύο μαρτύρων (Dt 19:15) Mt 18:16; 2 Cor 13:1. ἐπʼ αὐτῆς on the basis of it Hb 7:11. ἐπʼ ἀληθείας based on truth = in accordance w. truth, truly (Demosth. 18, 17 ἐπʼ ἀληθείας οὐδεμιᾶς εἰρημένα; POxy 255, 16 [48 A.D.]; Da 2:8; Tob 8:7; En 104:11) Mk 12:14, 32; Lk 4:25; 20:21; Ac 4:27. ἐφʼ ἑαυτοῦ based on himself = to or by himself (X., An. 2, 4, 10; Demosth. 18, 224 ἐκρίνετο ἐφʼ ἑαυτοῦ; Dionys. Hal., Comp. Verb. 16 ἐ. σεαυτοῦ. Cp. Kühner-G. I 498e) 2 Cor 10:7.—To introduce the object which is to be discussed or acted upon λέγειν ἐ. τινος speak of, about someth. (Pla., Charm., 155d, Leg. 2, 662d; Isocr. 6, 41; Aelian, VH 1, 30; Jer 35:8; EpArist 162; 170; Ath. 5:1 ἐ. τοῦ νοητοῦ … δογματίζειν) Gal 3:16. Do someth. on, in the case of (cp. 1 Esdr 1:22) σημεῖα ποιεῖν ἐ. τῶν ἀσθενούντων work miracles on the sick J 6:2.—On B 13:6 s. τίθημι 1bζ.—In ref. to someth. (Aristot., Pol. 1280a, 17; 4 Macc 12:5 τῶν ἐ. τῆς βασιλείας … πραγμάτων; Just., A I, 5, 1 ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ‘in our case’, D. 131, 4; Ath. 15, 3 ἐ. τῆς ὕλης καὶ τοῦ θεοῦ ‘as respects God and matter, so …’) ἐ. τινων δεῖ ἐγκρατεύεσθαι in certain matters one must practice self-control Hm 8:1. οὔτε … οἴδασι τὸν ἐ. τοῦ πυροῦ σπόρον nor do they comprehend (the figurative sense of) the sowing of wheat AcPlCor 2:26 (cp. 1 Cor 15:36f).
    ⑨ marker of power, authority, control of or over someone or someth., over
    ⓐ w. gen. (Hdt. 5, 109 al.; Mitt-Wilck. I/1, 124, 1=BGU 1120, 1 [5 B.C.] πρωτάρχῳ ἐ. τοῦ κριτηρίου; 287, 1; LXX; AscIs 2:5 τοῦ ἐ. τῶν πραγματε[ι] ῶν=Denis p. 109) βασιλεύειν ἐ. τινος (Judg 9:8, 10; 1 Km 8:7) Rv 5:10. ἔχειν βασιλείαν ἐ. τῶν βασιλέων 17:18. ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν ἐ. τινος have power over someone 20:6. διδόναι ἐξουσίαν ἐ. τινος 2:26. καθιστάναι τινὰ ἐ. τινος set someone over, put someone in charge, of someth. or someone (Pla., Rep. 5, 460b; Demosth. 18, 118; Gen 39:4f; 1 Macc 6:14; 10:37; 2 Macc 12:20 al.; EpArist 281; τεταγμένος En 20:5) Mt 24:45; Lk 12:42; Ac 6:3. εἶναι ἐ. τινος (Synes., Ep. 79 p. 224d; Tob 1:22; Jdth 14:13; 1 Macc 10:69) ὸ̔ς ἦν ἐ. πάσης τῆς γάζης αὐτῆς who was in charge of all her treasure 8:27. Of God ὁ ὢν ἐ. πάντων (Apollonius of Tyana [I A.D.] in Eus., PE 4, 13) Ro 9:5; cp. Eph 4:6. ὁ ἐ. τινος w. ὤν to be supplied (Demosth. 18, 247 al.; Diod S 13, 47, 6; Plut., Pyrrh. 385 [5, 7], Aemil. Paul. 267 [23, 6]; PTebt 5, 88 [118 B.C.] ὁ ἐ. τ. προσόδων; 1 Macc 6:28; 2 Macc 3:7; 3 Macc 6:30 al.; EpArist 110; 174) ὁ ἐ. τοῦ κοιτῶνος the chamberlain Ac 12:20.
    ⓑ w dat. (X., Cyr. 1, 2, 5; 2, 4, 25 al., An. 4, 1, 13; Demosth. 19, 113; Aeschines 2, 73; Esth 8:12e; Just., A II, 5, 2 ἀγγέλοις οὓς ἐ. τούτοις ἔταξε; cp. Ath. 24, 3; Ath. 6, 4 τὸν ἐ. τῇ κινήσει τοῦ σώματος λόγον) Mt 24:47; Lk 12:44.
    ⓒ w. acc. (X., Hell. 3, 4, 20 al.; Dionys. Byz. §56 θεῷ ἐ. πάντα δύναμις; LXX; PsSol 17:3, 32) βασιλεύειν ἐ. τινα rule over someone (Gen 37:8; Judg 9:15 B al.) Lk 1:33; 19:14, 27; Ro 5:14. καθιστάναι τινὰ ἐ. τινα set someone over someone (X., Cyr. 4, 5, 58) κριτὴν ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς as judge over you Lk 12:14; ἡγούμενον ἐπʼ Αἴγυπτον Ac 7:10; cp. Hb 2:7 v.l. (Ps 8:7); 3:6; 10:21. ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν ἐ. τι Rv 16:9. ἐξουσίαν διδόναι ἐ. τι (Sir 33:20) Lk 9:1; 10:19; Rv 6:8; cp. 22:14. φυλάσσειν φυλακὰς ἐ. τι Lk 2:8 (cp. En 100:5). ὑπεραίρεσθαι ἐ. τινα exalt oneself above someone 2 Th 2:4 (cp. Da 11:36); but here the mng. against is also poss. (s. 12b below). πιστὸς ἐ. τι faithful over someth. Mt 25:21, 23.
    ⑩ marker of legal proceeding, before, w. acc. in the lang. of the law-courts ἐ. ἡγεμόνας καὶ βασιλεῖς ἄγεσθαι be brought before governors and kings Mt 10:18; cp. Lk 21:12 (cp. BGU 22, 36 [114 A.D.] ἀξιῶ ἀκθῆναι [=ἀχθῆναι] τ. ἐνκαλουμένους ἐ. σὲ πρὸς δέουσαν ἐπέξοδον; Just., A II, 2, 12 ἐ. Οὔρβικον). ὑπάγεις ἐπʼ ἄρχοντα you are going before the magistrate Lk 12:58; cp. Ac 16:19. ἤγαγον αὐτὸν ἐ. τὸν Πιλᾶτον Lk 23:1. ἐ. τοὺς ἀρχιερεῖς Ac 9:21. ἐ. Καίσαρα πορεύεσθαι come before the emperor 25:12. ἐ. τὰς συναγωγάς Lk 12:11. ἐ. τὸ βῆμα Ac 18:12. Cp. 3 above. Here the focus is on transfer to the judiciary.
    ⑪ marker of purpose, goal, result, to, for, w. acc. (Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 2, 3 Jac. ἐ. κατοικίαν) ἐ. τὸ βάπτισμα for baptism=to have themselves baptized Mt 3:7 (cp. Just., A I, 61, 10 ἐ. τὸ λουτρόν; D. 56, 1 ἐ. τὴν … κρίσιν πεμφθεῖσι). ἐ. τὴν θεωρίαν ταύτην for (i.e. to see) this sight Lk 23:48 (sim. Hom. et al.; POxy 294, 18 [22 A.D.]; LXX; Tat. 23, 2 ἐ. τὴν θέαν). ἐ. τὸ συμφέρον to (our) advantage Hb 12:10 (cp. Tat. 6, 1; 34, 2 οὐκ ἐ. τι χρήσιμον ‘to no purpose’). ἐ. σφαγήν Ac 8:32 (Is 53:7); cp. Mt 22:5; ἐ. τ. τελειότητα Hb 6:1. ἐ. τοῦτο for this (X., An. 2, 5, 22; Jos., Ant. 12, 23) Lk 4:43. ἐφʼ ὅ; for what (reason)? Mt 26:50 v.l. (s. ὅς 1bα and 1iβ). Cp. 16.
    ⑫ marker of hostile opposition, against
    ⓐ w. dat. (Hom. et al.; 2 Macc 13:19; Sir 28:23 v.l.; fig. Ath. 22, 7 τοὺς ἐπʼ αὐτοῖς λόγους ‘counter-evidence’) Lk 12:52f (s. use of acc. b below); Ac 11:19. Cp. J 8:7 v.l. (1bβ above).
    ⓑ w. acc. (Hdt. 1, 71; X., Hell. 3, 4, 20 al.; Jos., Ant. 13, 331; LXX; En; TestJud 3:1 al.; JosAs 19:2; Just., D. 103, 7; Tat. 36, 2) ὥρμησαν ἐ. αὐτόν Ac 7:57. ἔρχεσθαι Lk 14:31. ἐπαναστήσονται τέκνα ἐ. γονεῖς Mt 10:21; Mk 13:12; cp. ἔθνος ἐ. ἔθνος Mt 24:7; Mk 13:8. ἐφʼ ἑαυτόν divided against himself Mt 12:26; Mk 3:24f, 26; Lk 11:17f; cp. J 13:18 (s. Ps 40:10); Ac 4:27; 13:50 al.—Lk 12:53 (4 times; the first and third occurrences w. the acc. are prob. influenced by usage in Mic 7:6; the use of the dat. Lk 12:52f [s. a above] w. a verb expressing a circumstance is in accord with older Gk. [Il. et al.], which prefers the acc. with verbs of motion in ref. to hostility). Cp. 15.
    ⑬ marker of number or measure, w. acc. (Hdt. et. al.; LXX; GrBar 3:6) ἐ. τρίς (CIG 1122, 9; PHolm α18) three times Ac 10:16; 11:10. So also ἐ. πολύ more than once Hm 4, 1, 8. ἐ. πολύ (also written ἐπιπολύ) in a different sense to a great extent, carefully (Hdt., Thu. et al.; Lucian, D. Deor. 6, 2; 25, 2; 3 Macc 5:17; Jos., Ant. 17, 107) B 4:1. ἐ. πλεῖον to a greater extent, further (Hdt., Thu. et al.; Diod S 11, 60, 5 al.; prob. 2 Macc 12:36; TestGad 7:2; Ar. 4, 3; Ath. 7, 1 ἐ. το πλεῖστον) 2 Ti 3:9; 1 Cl 18:3 (Ps 50:4). ἐ. τὸ χεῖρον 2 Ti 3:13. ἐφʼ ὅσον to the degree that, in so far as (Diod S 1, 93, 2; Maximus Tyr. 11, 3c ἐφʼ ὅσον δύναται; Hierocles 14 p. 451) Mt 25:40, 45; B 4:11; 17:1; Ro 11:13.
    ⑭ marker indicating the one to whom, for whom, or about whom someth. is done, to, on, about
    ⓐ w. dat. πράσσειν τι ἐ. τινι do someth. to someone Ac 5:35 (thus Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 15 §51; cp. δρᾶν τι ἐ. τινι Hdt. 3, 14; Aelian, NA 11, 11); about γεγραμμένα ἐπʼ αὐτῷ J 12:16 (cp. Hdt. 1, 66). προφητεύειν ἐ. τινι Rv 10:11. μαρτυρεῖν bear witness about Hb 11:4; Rv 22:16. ἐ. σοὶ … φανερώσει κύριος τὸ λύτρον the Lord will reveal the salvation to you GJs 7:2.
    ⓑ w. acc.
    α. ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἐφʼ ὸ̔ν γεγόνει τὸ σημεῖον the man on whom the miracle had been performed Ac 4:22 (cp. Just., D. 128, 1 κρίσεως γεγενημένης ἐ. Σόδομα). ἐφʼ ὸ̔ν λέγεται ταῦτα the one about whom this was said Hb 7:13 (cp. ἐ. πόρρω οὖσαν [γενεὰν] ἐγὼ λαλῶ En 1:2). γέγραπται ἐπʼ αὐτόν Mk 9:12f; cp. Ro 4:9; 1 Ti 1:18; βάλλειν κλῆρον ἐ. τι for someth. Mk 15:24; J 19:24 (Ps 21:19). ἀνέβη ὁ κλῆρος ἐ. Συμεών the lot came up in favor of Simeon GJs 24:4.
    β. of powers, conditions, etc., which come upon someone or under whose influence someone is: on, upon, to, over ἐγένετο ῥῆμα θεοῦ ἐ. Ἰωάννην the word of God came to John Lk 3:2 (cp. Jer 1:1). Of divine blessings (cp. En 1:8; ParJer 5:28) Mt 10:13; 12:28; Lk 10:6; 11:20; cp. 10:9; Ac 10:10. ἵνα ἐπισκηνώσῃ ἐπʼ ἐμὲ ἡ δύναμις τ. Χριστοῦ that the power of Christ may rest upon me 2 Cor 12:9. χάρις θεοῦ ἦν ἐπʼ αὐτό Lk 2:40. Various verbs are used in ref. to the Holy Spirit, either in pass. or act. role, in connection w. ἐ. τινα: ἐκχεῖν Ac 2:17f (Jo 3:1f); cp. 10:45; Tit 3:6. ἀποστέλλειν (ἐξαποστέλλειν v.l.) Lk 24:49. ἐπέρχεσθαι 1:35; Ac 1:8 (Just., D. 87, 3; cp. ἔρχεσθαι A I, 33, 6; D. 49, 7 ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἠλίου ἐ. τὸν Ἰωάννην ἐλθεῖν). ἐπιπίπτειν 10:44. καταβαίνειν Lk 3:22; J 1:33. τίθεσθαι Mt 12:18 (cp. Is 42:1). Also εἶναι Lk 2:25. μένειν J 1:32f. ἀναπαύεσθαι 1 Pt 4:14. Of unpleasant or startling experiences Lk 1:12, 65; 4:36; Ac 13:11; 19:17; Rv 11:11.—Lk 19:43; 21:35, cp. vs. 34; J 18:4; Eph 5:6; cp. Rv 3:3.—Ro 2:2, 9; 15:3 (Ps 68:10). Of the blood of the righteous, that comes over or upon the murderers Mt 23:35; 27:25; Ac 5:28. Of care, which one casts on someone else 1 Pt 5:7 (Ps 54:23).
    ⑮ marker of feelings directed toward someone, in, on, for, toward, w. acc., after words that express belief, trust, hope: πιστεύειν ἐ. τινα, w. acc. (Wsd 12:2; Just., D. 16:4 al.) Ac 9:42; 11:17; 16:31; 22:19; Ro 4:24. πίστις Hb 6:1. πεποιθέναι (Is 58:14) Mt 27:43; 2 Th 3:4; 2 Cor 2:3. ἐλπίζειν (1 Ch 5:20; 2 Ch 13:18 al.; PsSol 9:10; 17:3; Just., D. 16:4 al.) 1 Pt 1:13; 1 Ti 5:5. After words that characterize an emotion or its expression: for κόπτεσθαι (Zech 12:10) Rv 1:7; 18:9. κλαίειν Lk 23:28; Rv 18:9 (cp. JosAs 15:9 χαρήσεται ἐ. σέ). σπλαγχνίζεσθαι Mt 15:32; Mk 8:2; 9:22; Hm 4, 3, 5; Hs 9, 24, 2. χρηστός toward Lk 6:35. χρηστότης Ro 11:22; Eph 2:7; cp. Ro 9:23. Esp. also if the feelings or their expressions are of a hostile nature: toward, against (cp. λοιδορεῖν Just., D. 137, 2) ἀποτομία Ro 11:22. μαρτύριον Lk 9:5. μάρτυς ἐ. τ. ἐμὴν ψυχήν a witness against my soul (cp. Dssm., LO 258; 355 [LAE 304; 417]) 2 Cor 1:23. ἀσχημονεῖν 1 Cor 7:36. μοιχᾶσθαι Mk 10:11. τολμᾶν 2 Cor 10:2 (En 7:4). βρύχειν τ. ὀδόντας Ac 7:54. Cp. 12.
    ⑯ marker of object or purpose, with dat. in ref. to someth. (Hom., Thu. et al.; SIG 888, 5 ἐ. τῇ τῶν ἀνθρ. σωτηρίᾳ; PTebt 44, 6 [114 B.C.] ὄντος μου ἐ. θεραπείᾳ ἐν τῷ Ἰσιείω; LXX; TestJob 3:5 ὁ ἐ. τῇ σωτηρίᾳ τῆς ἐμῆς ψυχῆς ἐλθών; Jos., Ant. 5, 101; Just., A I, 29, 1 ἐ. παίδων ἀναστροφῇ; D. 91, 4 ἐ. σωτηρίᾳ τῶν πιστευόντων) καλείν τινα ἐ. τινι call someone for someth. Gal 5:13 (on ἐπʼ ἐλευθερίᾳ cp. Demosth. 23, 124; [59], 32); ἐ. ἀκαθαρσίᾳ for impurity, i.e. so that we should be impure 1 Th 4:7. κτισθέντες ἐ. ἔργοις ἀγαθοῖς for good deeds Eph 2:10. λογομαχεῖν ἐ. καταστροφῇ τῶν ἀκουόντων for the ruin of those who hear 2 Ti 2:14 (cp. Eur., Hipp. 511; X., Mem. 2, 3, 19 ἐ. βλάβη; Hdt. 1, 68 ἐ. κακῷ ἀνθρώπου; Polyb. 27, 7, 13 and PGM 4, 2440 ἐπʼ ἀγαθῷ=‘for good’). Cp. 11.
    ⑰ marker in idiom of authorization, w. dat.: the formula ἐ. τῷ ὀνοματί τινος, in the name of someone, used w. many verbs (Just., D. 39, 6 w. γίνεσθαι, otherw. ἐ. ὀνόματος, e.g. A I, 61, 13; w. διὰ τοῦ ὀ. and in oaths κατὰ τοῦ ὀ. A II, 6, 6, D. 30, 3; 85, 2.—Ath. 23, 1 ἐ. ὀνόματι εἰδώλων.—ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι LXX; JosAs 9:1), focuses on the authorizing function of the one named in the gen. (cp. WHeitmüller [‘Im Namen Jesu’ 1903, 13ff], ‘in connection with, or by the use of, i.e. naming, or calling out, or calling upon the name’ [88]): βαπτίζειν Ac 2:38. δέχεσθαί τινα Mt 18:5; Mk 9:37; Lk 9:48. διδάσκειν Ac 4:18; 5:28. δύναμιν ποιεῖν Mk 9:39. ἐκβάλλειν δαιμόνια Lk 9:49 v.l. ἔρχεσθαι Mt 24:5; Mk 13:6; Lk 21:8. κηρύσσειν 24:47. λαλεῖν Ac 4:17; 5:40. Semantically divergent from the preceding, but formulaically analogous, is καλεῖν τινα ἐ. τῷ ὀν. τινος name someone after someone (2 Esdr 17:63) Lk 1:59.—ὄνομα 1dγג.—M-M.
    ⑱ marker of temporal associations, in the time of, at, on, for
    ⓐ w. gen., time within which an event or condition takes place (Hom.+) in the time of, under (kings or other rulers): in the time of Elisha Lk 4:27 (cp. Just., D. 46, 6 ἐ. Ἠλίου). ἐ. τῆς μετοικεσίας at the time of the exile Mt 1:11. Under=during the rule or administration of (Hes., Op. 111; Hdt. 6, 98 al.; OGI 90, 15; PAmh 43, 2 [173 B.C.]; UPZ 162 V, 5 [117 B.C.]; 1 Esdr 2:12; 1 Macc 13:42; 2 Macc 15:22; Jos., Ant. 12, 156 ἐ. ἀρχιερέως Ὀ.) ἐ. Ἀβιαθὰρ ἀρχιερέως under, in the time of, Abiathar the high priest Mk 2:26. ἐ. ἀρχιερέως Ἅννα καὶ Καιάφα Lk 3:2. ἐ. Κλαυδίου Ac 11:28 (Just., A I, 26, 2). ἐ. τῶν πατέρων in the time of the fathers 1 Cl 23:3. ἐπʼ ἐσχάτων τῶν ἡμερῶν in the last days (Gen 49:1; Num 24:14; Mi 4:1; Jer 37:24; Da 10:14) 2 Pt 3:3; Hs 9, 12, 3; cp. Hb 1:2. ἐπʼ ἐσχάτου τοῦ χρόνου in the last time Jd 18. ἐπʼ ἐσχάτου τῶν χρόνων at the end of the times/ages 1 Pt 1:20. ἐ. τῶν προσευχῶν μου when I pray, in my prayers (cp. PTebt 58, 31 [111 B.C.] ἐ. τ. διαλόγου, ‘in the discussion’; 4 Macc 15:19 ἐ. τ. βασάνων ‘during the tortures’; Sir 37:29; 3 Macc 5:40; Demetr.: 722, Fgm. 1, 14 Jac. ἐ. τοῦ ἀρίστου; Synes., Ep. 121 p. 258c ἐ. τῶν κοινῶν ἱερῶν) Ro 1:10; Eph 1:16; 1 Th 1:2; Phlm 4.
    ⓑ w. dat., time at or during which (Hom. et al.; PTebt 5, 66 [118 B.C.]; PAmh 157; LXX; Just., A I, 13, 3 ἐ. χρόνοις Τίερίου) at, in, at the time of, during: ἐ. τοῖς νῦν χρόνοις in these present times 2 Cl 19:4. ἐ. τῇ πρώτῃ διαθήκῃ at the time of the first covenant Hb 9:15. ἐ. συντελείᾳ τ. αἰώνων at the close of the age 9:26 (Tat. 13, 1 ἐ. ς. τοῦ κόσμου; cp. Sir 22:10 and PLond III, 954, 18 p. 154 [260 A.D.] ἐ. τέλει τ. χρόνου; POxy 275, 20 [66 A.D.] ἐ. συνκλεισμῷ τ. χρόνου; En 27:3 ἐπʼ ἐσχάτοις αἰώσιν). ἐ. τῇ θυσίᾳ at the time of, together with, the sacrifice Phil 2:17. ἐ. πάσῃ τῇ μνείᾳ ὑμῶν at every remembrance of you Phil 1:3. ἐ. παροργισμῷ ὑμῶν during your wrath, i.e. while you are angry Eph 4:26. ἐ. πάσῃ τῇ ἀνάγκῃ in all (our) distress 1 Th 3:7b. ἐ. πάσῃ τῇ θλίψει 2 Cor 1:4. ἐ. τούτῳ in the meanwhile J 4:27 (Lucian, Dial. Deor. 17, 2, cp. Philops. 14 p. 41; Syntipas p. 76, 2 ἐφʼ ἡμέραις ἑπτα; 74, 6).
    ⓒ w. acc.
    α. answering the question ‘when?’ on: ἐ. τὴν αὔριον (Sb 6011, 14 [I B.C.]; PRyl 441 ἐ. τὴν ἐπαύριον) (on) the next day Lk 10:35; Ac 4:5. ἐ. τὴν ὥραν τ. προσευχῆς at the hour of prayer 3:1 (Polyaenus 8, 17 ἐ. ὥραν ὡρισμένην).
    β. answering the qu. ‘how long?’ for, over a period of (Hom. et al.; Mitt-Wilck. II/2, 170, 8=BGU 1058, 9 [13 B.C.]; POxy 275, 9; 15 ἐ. τὸν ὅλον χρόνον; PTebt 381, 19 ἐφʼ ὸ̔ν χρόνον περίεστιν ἡ μήτηρ; LXX; En 106:15; TestJob 30:2 ἐ. ὥρας τρεῖς; TestJud 3:4; TestGad 5:11; Jos., Ant. 11, 2; Just., D. 142, 1 ἐ. ποσόν ‘for awhile’) ἐ. ἔτη τρία for three years (Phlegon: 257 Fgm. 36, 2, 1 Jac.) Lk 4:25. ἐ. τρεῖς ἡμέρας for three days (Diod S 13, 19, 2; Arrian, Anab. 4, 9, 4; GDI 4706, 119 [Thera] ἐπʼ ἀμέρας τρεῖς) GPt 8:30 al. ἐ. ἡμέρας πλείους over a period of many days (Jos., Ant. 4, 277) Ac 13:31.—16:18 (ἐ. πολλὰς ἡμέρας as Appian, Liby. 29 §124; cp. Diod S 3, 16, 4); 17:2; 19:8, 10, 34; 27:20; Hb 11:30. ἐ. χρόνον for a while (cp. Il. 2, 299; Hdt. 9, 22, 1; Apollon. Rhod. 4, 1257; Jos., Vi. 2) Lk 18:4. ἐ. πλείονα χρόνον (Diod S 3, 16, 6; Hero Alex. I p. 344, 17) Ac 18:20. ἐφʼ ὅσον χρόνον as long as Ro 7:1; 1 Cor 7:39; Gal 4:1. Also ἐφʼ ὅσον as long as Mt 9:15; 2 Pt 1:13 (for other mngs. of ἐφʼ ὅσον s. above under 13). ἐφʼ ἱκανόν (sc. χρόνον) for a considerable time (EpArist 109) Ac 20:11. ἐ. χρόνον ἱκανόν Qua. ἐ. πολύ for a long time, throughout a long period of time (Thu. 1, 7; 1, 18, 1; 2, 16, 1 al.; Appian, Liby. 5 §21; Arrian, Cyneg. 23, 1; Lucian, Toxar. 20; Wsd 18:20; Sir 49:13; JosAs 19:3; Jos., Vi. 66: Just., A I, 65, 3) Ac 28:6. ἐ. πλεῖον the same (schol. on Pind., N. 7, 56b; PLille 3, 16 [III B.C.]; Jdth 13:1; Sir prol. l. 7; Jos., Ant. 18, 150) Ac 20:9; any longer (Lucian, D. Deor. 5, 3; Appian, Hann. 54 §227; 3 Macc 5:8; Wsd 8:12; Ath. 12, 3) Ac 24:4; 1 Cl 55:1.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐπί

  • 5 πλήσσω

    Grammatical information: v.
    Meaning: often (in pres. in the older language always) with prefix in diff. senses, e.g. ἐκ-, ἐπι-, κατα-, παρα-, `to strike, to slap, to thrust, to hit', pass. `to be beaten, thrust, hit, struck' ( ἐκ- πλήσσω `to startle', ἐπι- πλήσσω usu. `to criticize, to scold', παρα- πλήσσω in pass. `to become crazy' etc.).
    Other forms: Att. - ττω ( ἐκ-πλήγνυμαι Th.), aor. πλῆξαι (Il.), Dor. πλᾶξαι, redupl. ( ἐ-)πέπληγον (Hom.), pass. πληγῆναι (Il.), Dor. Aeol. πλᾱγῆναι, with prefix - πλᾰγῆναι (IA.), πληχθῆναι (E., late), fut. πλήξω (Il.), pass. πληγήσομαι, - πλᾰγήσομαι (Att.), perf. πέπληγα (Il.: πεπληγώς), πέπληχα (hell.), pass. πέπληγμαι (IA.),
    Compounds: As 1. member in governing compp., e.g. πλήξ-ιππος `flogging horses' (ep. poet.Il.).
    Derivatives: Several derivv. Nom. actionis: 1. πληγή, Dor. πλαγά f. `hit, wound etc.' (Il.). 2. πλήγανον βακτηρία, πληγάς δρέπανον H. 3. πλῆγ-μα n. = πληγή (S., E., Arist.), - μός m. `id.' (medic., κατά- πλήσσω LXX). 4. ἀπό-, ἔκ-, ἔμ-, ἐπί-, κατά-πληξις f. `apoplexy, concussion etc.' (IA.); πλῆξις, Dor. πλᾶξις f. `striking' (Ti. Locr.). Nom. agentis a. instr. 5. πλῆκτρον, Dor. πλᾶκτρον n. `instrument for striking, mallet' (h. Hom., Pi.). 6. πληκτήρ m. `id.' (Hdn. Gr.); πλακτήρ τὸ τοῦ ἀλεκτρυόνος πλῆκτρον H.; πλάκτωρ m. (Dor.) `striker' (AP), πλήκτης m. `id.' (Hp., Arist.), ἐπι- πλήσσω `blamer, castigator' (Gloss.), - πλήκτειρα f. `who drives on' (AP). Adj., mostly as 2. member: 7. - πληξ, e.g. παραπλήξ, - γος `stricken sideways' (ε 418), `crazy' (IA.), `paralyzed' (Hp.) with - ηγία, - ηγικός (Hp.), οἰστρο-πλήξ `stung by a gadfly' (trag.); πλήξ as simplex only as designation. of a bandage (Sor.); 8. - πληκτος, e.g. ἀπόπληκτος `stirred by strikes' with - ηξίη, - ία (IA.); 9. ἐκ-, κατα-πλαγής `startled' (Plb., Luc.). 10. πληκτικός `striking, hitting' (Pl.; Chantraine Études 134 a. 138), ἐκπληκτι-κός (Th.) a.o. Verb 11. πληκτίζομαι `to fight' (Φ 499 a.o.), most `to dally' (Ar., Herod.) with - ισμός m. (AP), prob. rather enlargement of the primary verb (cf. λακτίζω and Schwyzer 706) than from a nominal τ-deriv.
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [832] *pleh₂k\/g- `beat'
    Etymology: With the primary yot-present πλήσσω from *πλᾱκ-ι̯ω agrees a Slav. word for `weep, lament' (prop. `beat one's breast'), e.g. OCS plačǫ (sę), Russ. pláču; to this the verbal noun Lith. plókis m. `blow, stroke'. Final media as in πλᾱγ-ά̄, πληγ-ή a.o. is also found in Germ., e.g. OE flōcan `clap approval', Goth. redupl. pret. faí-flokun ' ἐκόπτοντο', OHG fluohhon `curse' (IE * plāg-). The zero grade in πλᾰγ-ηναι (with sec. short α) is also represented in the nasalized πλάζω (with Lat. plangō); beside it with -k- Lith. plakù, plàkti `beat, chastise'. Beside these forms going back on IE * plāk-, plāg- [but not * plak-, plag-!] stand with deviating vocalism Lith. plíek-iu, -ti `beat, whip' (cross with an other verb?), Lat. plectō, - ere `punish, chastise' (ē or ĕ). -- Connection with the group of πλάξ (prop. `beat broadly'?) may be considered. Further forms w. rich lit. WP. 2, 91 ff., Pok. 832f., W.-Hofmann s. 2. plectō, Vasmer s. plákatь, Fraenkel s. plíekti 2. On the perf. πέπληγα against τύπτω, πατάξαι s. Bloch Suppl. Verba 83ff.
    Page in Frisk: 2,561-562

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πλήσσω

  • 6 δευτερόω

    + V 1-5-1-1-5=13 Gn 41,32; 1 Sm 26,8; 2 Sm 20,10; 1 Kgs 18,34(bis)
    to do sth a second time, to repeat [τι] Sir 7,14; id. [abs.] 1 Kgs 18,34; to occur twice Gn 41,32
    πατάξω αὐτὸν ἅπαξ καὶ οὐ δευτερώσω αὐτῷ I shall strike him with a blow and shall not do it a second time 1 Sm 26,8; ἐπάταξεν ἕκαστος τὸν παρ᾽ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐδευτέρωσεν ἕκαστος τὸν παρ᾽ αὐτοῦ each struck the man at his side and did it a second time 1 Kgs 21,20
    *Jer 2,36 δευτερῶσαι to repeat-נהשׁ for MT נהשׁ to change
    neol.
    Cf. CAIRD 1968b=1972 123-124; WALTERS 1973 120-121, 313-314; →LSJ RSuppl

    Lust (λαγνεία) > δευτερόω

  • 7 καταβάλλω

    καταβάλλω, [tense] fut. - βᾰλῶ: [tense] aor. κατέβᾰλον; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg.
    A

    κάββαλε Od. 6.172

    , Hes.Th. 189, etc.; imper.

    καββαλόντων Foed.Delph.Pell.1

    B 14:—throw down, overthrow,

    κατὰ πρηνὲς βαλέειν Πριάμοιο μέλαθρον Il.2.414

    ;

    ἐς μέσσον κ. τι 15.357

    ;

    ἐνὶ πόντῳ Hes.Th. 189

    ;

    ἐπ' ἀκτῆς Il.23.125

    (tm.);

    ἐπὶ Χθονί Hes.Sc. 462

    , etc.; κ. [ τινὰ]

    ἐνθάδε Od.6.172

    ; κ. τὰ οἰκήματα, τὰ ἀγάλματα, Hdt.1.17, 8.109;

    τεῖχος Th.7.24

    ;

    κ. τινὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἵππου X.HG5.2.41

    ;

    ἀπ' ἐλπίδος Pl.Euthphr. 15e

    ; κ. ἐς τὸ μηδέν to bring down to nothing, opp. ἐξᾶραι ὑψοῦ, Hdt.9.79; κάββαλλε τὸν Χείμωνα confound, defy the storm, Alc.34.3.
    2 κ. ἑαυτόν throw oneself down to sleep, Plu.Caes.38.
    3 strike down with a weapon, slay, Il.2.692(tm.), Hdt.4.64, etc.; by a blow,

    κ. πατάξας Lys.13.71

    ; esp. of slaying victims, E.Or. 1603, Isoc.2.20;

    κ. θῦμα δαίμοσιν E.Ba. 1246

    .
    b [voice] Pass., to be stricken,

    νόσῳ POxy.1121.9

    (iii A.D.).
    4 throw into prison,

    κ. τινὰ ἐς ἐρκτήν Hdt.4.146

    : generally, throw, bring into a certain state, κ. [ τινὰ]

    ἐς ξυμφοράς E.IT 606

    , Antipho Soph.58; εἰς ἀπορίαν, εἰς ἀπιστίαν, Pl.Phlb. 15e, Phd. 88c, etc.
    5 overthrow, refute, οἱ -βάλλοντες (sc. λόγοι), title of work by Protagoras:

    κ. τινά Democr.125

    ;

    δόξαν Gal.UP6.20

    .
    6 abuse, bully, Phld.Rh.2.164S.
    7 cast down or away, cast off, reject, Isoc.12.24: metaph., forget, Ael.Fr. 111; κ. εἴς τι throw away upon a thing, Pl. Lg. 960e:—[voice] Pass., οἱ καταβεβλημένοι despicable fellows, Isoc.12.8; cf. καταβεβλημένως.
    2 lay down, set down,

    κρεῖον μέγα κάββαλεν ἐν πυρὸς αὐγῇ Il.9.206

    , cf. Ar.Ach. 165, V. 727, etc.
    3 lay down, lay in stores,

    κ. σιτία Hdt.7.25

    :—[voice] Pass., κὰτ ἄσπιδες βεβλήμεναι stored up, Alc.15.5.
    b pay,

    τἀργύριον Th. 1.27

    ;

    τριώβολον Amips.13

    ;

    ἀρραβῶνα Men.743

    , cf. PRev.Laws48.10(iii B.C.), etc.;

    τιμήν τινι ὑπέρ τινος Pl.Lg. 932d

    , Luc.Vit.Auct. 25;

    τέλη GDI5018a17

     ([place name] Gortyn), PHib.29.6 (iii B.C.);

    λύτρα GDI 5151.8

     (Cret., found at Delphi); καταβαλών σοι δραχμὴν τῶν βοτρύων for them, Philostr.Her.Praef.1; κ. ζημίαν pay up, discharge a fine, D. 24.83, cf. 59.27:—later in [voice] Med.,

    μισθὸν καταβαλέσθαι Alciphr.1.12

    .
    5 put in, deposit, in [voice] Pass.,

    εἰ ἡ μαρτυρία κατεβάλλετο ἐνταῦθα D.34.46

    :—but usu. in [voice] Med., deposit,

    γράμματα εἰς κιβωτόν BCH25.100

     ([place name] Tlos), cf. IG12(1).3.15 ([place name] Rhodes); ψευδεῖς γραφὰς εἰς τὰ δημόσια γράμματα Docum. ap. D.18.55;

    λόγους IG7.2850

     ([place name] Haliartus);

    δόγμα GDI5182.10

     (Cret., found at Teos).
    6 throw down seed, sow, Men. Georg.37, cf. καταβλητέον; κ. τὸ σπέρμα, of the male, Epicur.Nat.908.1:—[voice] Pass., Placit.5.7.4, Sor.1.33, Ocell.4.14: metaph.,

    σπέρμα κ. τοιούτων πραγμάτων D.24.154

    ; κ. φάτιν ὡς.. spread abroad a rumour, Hdt.1.122, cf.E.HF 758(lyr.).
    7 lay down as a foundation, mostly in [voice] Med.,

    τὴν τῆς ναυπηγίας ἀρχὴν καταβαλλόμενος Pl.Lg. 803a

    : esp. metaph., - βαλλομένα μέγαν οἶκτον beginning a lament (cf. infr. 8), E. Hel. 164(lyr.);

    Ἀρίστιππος τὴν Κυρηναϊκὴν φιλοσοφίαν κατεβάλετο Str. 17.3.22

    ;

    καταβαλέσθαι τοὐπτάνιον Sosip.1.39

    ;

    ἐξ ἀρχῆς καινὴν νομοθεσίαν D.S.12.20

    ;

    τὴν Στωϊκῶν αἵρεσιν Plu.2.329a

    : hence generally, to be the author of, commit to writing,

    ἱστορικὰς καταβαλόμενοι πραγματείας D.H.1.1

    ; λόγον Darius ap.D.L.9.13;

    φλυαρίας Gal.7.476

    :— [voice] Pass.,

    ὅταν δὲ κρηπὶς μὴ καταβληθῇ.. ὀρθῶς E.HF 1261

    : freq. metaph.,

    δεδημοσιωμένα που καταβέβληται Pl.Sph. 232d

    ;

    πολλοὶ λόγοι πρὸς αὐτὰ -βέβληνται Arist.EN 1096a10

    ; καταβεβλημέναι μαθήσεις fundamental, established, Arist.Pol. 1337b21; τὰ κ. παιδεύματα ib. 1338a36, cf. Phld.Rh.1.27S.
    III [voice] Pass., lie down,

    εἰς εὐνάν Theoc.18.11

    .
    2 like καταβαίνω 11.1, arrive at in a course of lectures,

    εἰς Γοργίαν Dam.Isid.54

    .

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > καταβάλλω

  • 8 παιάν

    παιάν, - ᾶνος
    Grammatical information: m.
    Meaning: name of a hail-song and hymn, esp. for Apollo, paean; also personified as divine physician (Hom.), later surn. of Apollo, appellat. `physician, saviour'; also name of a verse-foot (Arist., Heph.).
    Other forms: παιήων, - ονος (Il.). παιών, - ῶνος (IA.; cf. Wackernagel Glotta 14, 61ff. = Kl. Schr. 2, 869 ff.), πάων, - ονος (Aeol.); παιάν, - ᾶνος (Dor., trag., hell.).
    Dialectal forms: Myc. pajawone (dat.) \/Paiāwonei\/, Ruijgh Minos 9(1968)119.
    Derivatives: 1. παιών-ιος `belonging to paean, healing, saving' (A., S., Ar.), f. - ιάς (AP), - ίς (S. E.); also - ία f. surn. of Athena (Paus.), appellat. plantname `peony' (Thphr., Ps.-Dsc.; Strömberg 99); παιαν-ίδες pl. adjunct of ἀοιδαί (Pi.); Παιηόν-ιος = Παιώνιος ( APl.); παιαν-ίας m. `paean-singer' (Sparta). 2. παιων-ικός = παιώνιος (Plu., Gal.), παιαν-ικός `paean-like' (Ath.). 3. παιηοσύνη ἰατρεία H. 4. παιων-ίζω (IA.), - αν-ίζω (Dor.) `to strike up a paean, to worship with a p.' with - ισμός m. (Th., Str., D. H.), - ισταί m. pl. `guild of the paean-singers' (Rome, Piräus, II--IIIp). On the unclear Att. name of a deme Παιανία Wackernagel l.c.
    Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
    Etymology: Probably disjoined from the exclamation ἰη παιήων, ἰὼ παιάν (as initial of a song), first as appellative, basis *παιά-(Ϝ)ων like Ιά(Ϝ)ονες, κοινά(Ϝ)ων (s. Ἴωνες a. κοινός w. lit.), but further unclear. After Schwyzer IF 30, 445 f. to παίω `beat' through *παῖϜα, *παϜίᾱ `blow' as "who heals illnesses through magic (Apollon)". Also to παίω, but with different (less probable) argumentation Diehl RhM 89, 90 a. 109 ff. Diff. (to παύω) Pisani Rend. Acc. Lincei 6:5, 208. -- The similarity with the peoples name Παίονες may be not accidental (Macurdy Glotta 6, 297ff. Tribal god of the P.; thus Kretschmer Glotta 21, 176f.). - The word may well be of Pre-Greek origin; cf. Ruijgh l.c.
    Page in Frisk: 2,460-461

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > παιάν

См. также в других словарях:

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