-
1 gemino
gĕmĭno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [id.].I.Act., to double (class.; syn. duplico).A.Lit.:B.favos,
Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 32: ructuosus spiritus, Cael. ap. Quint. 4, 2, 123:victoriae laetitiam,
Liv. 45, 13:semivocales,
Quint. 1, 7, 14:verba,
id. 9, 3, 28:decem vitae frater geminaverat annos,
i. e. had completed his twentieth year, Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 31:labor geminaverat aestum,
id. M. 5, 586:pericula,
Tib. 2, 3, 39:facinus,
to repeat, Ov. M. 10, 471.— Absol.:geminabit (sc. pugnum s. plagam) nisi caves,
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 19.—In part. perf.:tum sole geminato, quod Tuditano et Aquillio consulibus evenerat, ctc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 5, 14:verba,
id. Part. 6, 21; cf.littera,
Quint. 1, 7, 29; 1, 4, 11:victoria,
Liv. 1, 25, 11:luctus,
id. 40, 55:urbs,
id. 1, 13:onus,
Quint. 2, 3, 2:vulnus,
Ov. M. 12, 257:plausus,
Verg. G. 2, 509:consulatus,
repeated, Tac. A. 1, 3:invidiam fieri geminati honoris,
Liv. 39, 39, 9:honor,
augmented, Plin. Pan. 92, 1.— [p. 805] Poet.:quae postquam aspexit geminatus gaudia ductor Sidonius,
i. e. feeling double joy, Sil. 10, 514.—Transf., to pair, join, or unite two things together:* II.non ut Serpentes avibus geminentur, tigribus agni,
Hor. A. P. 13:geminari legionum castra prohibuit,
the encamping of two legions together, Suet. Dom. 7; Stat. S. 1, 2, 239:non acuta Sic geminant Corybantes aera,
i. e. strike together, Hor. C. 1, 16, 8.—In part. perf.:prope geminata cacumina montium,
nearly of the same height, Liv. 36, 24, 9.—Neutr., to be double, Lucr. 4, 451. -
2 ac
atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. pros de, pros de eti, eti kai, eti de, and te kai; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion atqui ], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec).I.In joining single words, which is its most common use.A.In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.)1.The form atque.a.Before vowels and h. —Before a (very freq.):b.sociorum atque amicorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.—Before e (very freq.):deposci atque expeti,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.—Before i (very freq.):excitare atque inflammare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.—Before o (freq. in Cic.):honestissimus atque ornatissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.—Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.—Before h (not infreq.):Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37.—Before consonants.—Before b (very rare):2.Gallorum atque Belgarum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so,Cassius atque Brutus,
Tac. A. 3, 76.—Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.):in portubus atque custodiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.—Before d (infreq.):superatam esse atque depressam,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.—Before f (infreq.):vitiis atque flagitiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.— Before g (very rare):dignitate atque gloria,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12:virtute atque gloria,
Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.—Before j (very rare):labore atque justitia,
Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.—Before l (rare):hilari atque laeto,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.—Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.):multae atque magnae,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.—Before n (infreq.):adventu atque nomine,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis. —Before p (infreq. in Cic.):magna atque praeclara,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (rare):se conlegit atque recreavit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.— Before s (rare in Cic.):provinciarum atque sociorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.— Before t (infreq.):parietum atque tectorum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.—Before v (infreq.):gravis atque vehemens,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30.—The form ac before consonants.—Before b (very rare):B.sentientes ac bene meritos,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149:feri ac barbari,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.—Before c (very rare):liberis ac conjugibus,
Liv. 21, 30:Romae ac circa urbem,
id. 21, 62.—Before d (freq. in Cic.):periculum ac discrimen,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42:usus ac disciplina,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.—Before f (infreq.):opima est ac fertilis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103:potentissimos ac firmissimos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12;2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima,
Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.—Before g (does not occur).—Before j (very rare):nobilitatis ac juventutis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.—Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.—Before m (not infreq. in Cic.):terrore ac metu,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.—Before n (not infreq. in Cic.):insedit ac nimis inveteravit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:gentes ac nationes,
id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.—Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.):celeberrimum ac plenissimum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (infreq.):firmamenti ac roboris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.—Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.):vectigalibus ac sociis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.—Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.):tantis rebus ac tanto bello,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.—Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.):armatos ac victores,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:inconsulte ac veluti etc.,
Sall. C. 42, 2:opera ac vineae,
Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43. —(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).—With simul:Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat,
Tac. Agr. 35:in se simul atque in Herculem,
id. G. 34:suos prosequitur simul ac deponit,
id. ib. 30; so,sociis pariter atque hostibus,
id. H. 4, 73:innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere,
id. A. 1, 48.—Hence, sometimes syn. with et—et, ut—ita, aeque ac; both—and, as—so, as well—as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam [p. 190] voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79:verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum,
Cic. Cael. 19, 45:omnia honesta atque inhonesta,
Sall. C. 30, 4:nobiles atque ignobiles,
id. ib. 20, 7:caloris ac frigoris patientia par,
Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127:vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32.—Esp.a.In a hendiadys:b.utinam isto animo atque virtute in summa re publica versari quam in municipali maluisset,
with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36:de conplexu ejus ac sinu,
of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama,
Sall. C. 3 fin.:clamore atque adsensu,
shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3.—In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3).(α).Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6:(β).Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro ista re ac lubens,
and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15:rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam,
and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52:magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc.,
and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:hebeti ingenio atque nullo,
and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex media morte,
and even, id. Cat. 4, 9:fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto,
and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11:intra moenia atque in sinu urbis,
id. C. 52, 35.—With adeo, and that too, and even:(γ).intra moenia atque adeo in senatu,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5:qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc.,
id. ib. 2, 12, 27:insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen,
id. Planc. 19 fin.:non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem,
Liv. 10, 5.—And with autem also added:atque adeo autem quor etc.,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42.—With etiam:(δ).id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est,
and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodia habeant,
Liv. 3, 46.—With the dem. pron. hic, is:II.negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili,
and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14:maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 27:Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi,
id. ib. 2, 2:duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum,
id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70:flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest,
id. B. G. 5, 18:ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores... atque id eo magis, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): qua (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:dicendi artem apta trepidatione occultans atque eo validior,
Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46.—In comparisons.A.Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structura Graeca (sc. homoios kai, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. kai, III.:B.si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4:Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52:pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3:neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit,
Nep. Dat. 3, 5:magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit,
id. Hann. 5, 3:pariter patribus ac plebi carus,
Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Mull.:cum ex provincia populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii,
Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, d); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.:et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc.,
id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.:similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit,
Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3:contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse,
Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9:faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10:cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4.—Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than:C.illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. a:aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf.also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium,
Cic. Att. 2, 3:simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46:qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,
id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo,
id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc.—Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si;D.once, however, non aliter, ac si,
Cic. Att. 13, 51;v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt,
Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11:nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poeta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis,
id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.:quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73:si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis,
id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11:Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43:tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit,
id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater,
id. Mur. 4 fin.:haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc.,
Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. —More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.;E.in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73:haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse,
Cic. Cat. 4, 2:pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem,
id. Inv. 1, 32, 54:non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118:num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi?
id. Mil. 4, 3, 37.—Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style):F.nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi,
id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:quae suco caret atque putris pumex,
Priap. 32, 7 (Mull., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54.—Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than:G.amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56:non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.:Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma,
Cat. 61, 172:haud minus ac jussi faciunt,
Verg. A. 3, 561:Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra:nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portarit): qui peccas minus atque ego,
id. ib. 2, 7, 96:Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex,
id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. —In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim:III.principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit,
as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40:judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit,
Dig. 21, 1, 25:quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat,
ib. 16, 1, 24.—To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather.a.Absol.:b.Decipiam ac non veniam,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:si fidem habeat,... ac non id metuat, ne etc.,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 60:perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54:quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tanta multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 33:si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare?
id. N. D. 2, 6, 17:nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur,
id. Att. 1, 16:si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101:si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur,
id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6:velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent,
Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.:si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum,
Tac. Or. 1.—With potius:IV.Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit?
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et):quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem?
id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.— Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non:concremasse ea (scrinia) optuma fide atque non legisse,
Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. —In connecting clauses and beginning periods.1.In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20:2.atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33:cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc.... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 31:multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc.... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumelia incenderentur,
Tac. A. 1, 47:Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses,
Tac. Or. 14:ac similiter in translatione, etc.,
Quint. 3, 6, 77.—In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487.a.Absol.:b.maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc.,
and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. —Often with etiam:c.Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur,
Cic. Or. 40, 139:Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3.—Sometimes with quoque:d.Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22.—And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego [p. 191] quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30.—3.In narration:4.aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,
Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.:completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies,
Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. —In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry):5.Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc.,
Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715;12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664;and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc.... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium,
Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Muller read:Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc.,
id. Lael. 15, 54.—In connecting two acts or events.a.In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Mull.): Quo imus una;b. (α).ad prandium? Atque illi tacent,
And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19:Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt,
and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33:dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9:lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum,
and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162:dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro,
Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17:tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt,
id. ib. 1, 82. —Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions:cape hoc argentum atque defer,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:abi domum ac deos comprecare,
id. Ad. 4, 5, 65:tace modo ac sequere hac,
id. ib. 2, 4, 16:Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere,
Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330:Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma,
id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370.—Absol.:(β).si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerasses,
and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10.—With ita or sic:c.Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc.,
Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158:ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur,
Quint. 12, 10, 67.—Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.):6.non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation).—(As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance:7.Satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4:hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte... coercent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus... exsules damnatosque tota Gallia magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit;ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Gallia auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.—Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion:Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est,
And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—In expressing a wish, atque utinam:8.Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus!
Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:Atque utinam pro decore etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 13:Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc.,
Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575:Atque utinam... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis!
Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al.—To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless.a.Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile;b.atque ipsis commentum placet,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.):ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito!... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.:ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc.,
and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35:observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant,
Plin. Pan. 26.—With tamen:9.nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85:discipulos dissimilis inter se ac tamen laudandos,
id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc.,
id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.):ac tamen initia fastigii etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56;14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certasse, ac tamen fusos Germanos,
id. H. 5, 16.—To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrasset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres;10.... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc.,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.—Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied:nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet),
Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54.—In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.).a.A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection:b.Ac ne sine causa videretur edixisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24:Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur,
id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30:Ac ne saepius dicendum sit,
Cels. 8, 1:Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13:Ac ne forte putes,
id. ib. 2, 1, 208:Ac ne forte putes etc.,
Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et).—A positive purpose:11.Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc.,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc.... dico etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40:Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc.,
id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4.—a.. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc.,... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:b.atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8.—In introducing parentheses:c.vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum,
Liv. 21, 38:omne adfectus genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuria, etc.,
Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. —At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50:V.Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus,
id. Off. 1, 6, 19:Ac de inferenda quidem injuria satis dictum est,
id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al.—In particular connections and phrases.A.Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that:B.unae atque alterae scalae,
Sall. J. 60, 7:quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret,
id. ib. 93, 2:unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit,
Tac. H. 5, 6:dilatisque alia atque alia de causa comitiis,
Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10:alius atque alius,
Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).—Also separated by several words:aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2.—Etiam atque etiam. again and again:C.temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11:etiam atque etiam considera,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo,
id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and:iterum atque iterum,
Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39.—Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85.—D.Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29:E.atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum,
but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48:Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum,
and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8.—Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally:F.Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a natura data,
Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223:quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias alia terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,
id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83:nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis,
id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus,
Quint. 10, 2, 2.—With other conjunctions.1.After et:2.equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13:vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti,
Tac. Agr. 32.:denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem,
id. 21, 41, 2:et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque,
Quint. 8, 3, 3:Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur,
id. 12, 10, 67. —After que, as in Gr. te kai: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20:3.submoverique atque in castra redigi,
Liv. 26, 10:terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere,
id. 21, 52:mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,
Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486.—Before et:4.caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes,
Tac. Agr. 32.—After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose):G.nec clavis nec canis atque calix,
Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestus [p. 192] neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10:mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit,
Suet. Vesp. 12.—Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Mull.:atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam,
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20:omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tua gravitate positam existimare,
id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.—Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets:Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia,
Cat. 68, 152:Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus,
Verg. G. 4, 463:Clioque et Beroe atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia,
id. ib. 4, 343.—And sometimes forming a double connective, both— and = et—et:Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita,
Tib. 2, 5, 73:complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater,
Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.► Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands:a.In the second place:b.Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres,
Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.:Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta,
id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304):Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,
Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche).—In the third place:quod pubes hedera virente Gaudeant pulla magis atque myrto,
Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.) -
3 adque
atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. pros de, pros de eti, eti kai, eti de, and te kai; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion atqui ], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec).I.In joining single words, which is its most common use.A.In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.)1.The form atque.a.Before vowels and h. —Before a (very freq.):b.sociorum atque amicorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.—Before e (very freq.):deposci atque expeti,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.—Before i (very freq.):excitare atque inflammare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.—Before o (freq. in Cic.):honestissimus atque ornatissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.—Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.—Before h (not infreq.):Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37.—Before consonants.—Before b (very rare):2.Gallorum atque Belgarum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so,Cassius atque Brutus,
Tac. A. 3, 76.—Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.):in portubus atque custodiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.—Before d (infreq.):superatam esse atque depressam,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.—Before f (infreq.):vitiis atque flagitiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.— Before g (very rare):dignitate atque gloria,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12:virtute atque gloria,
Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.—Before j (very rare):labore atque justitia,
Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.—Before l (rare):hilari atque laeto,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.—Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.):multae atque magnae,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.—Before n (infreq.):adventu atque nomine,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis. —Before p (infreq. in Cic.):magna atque praeclara,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (rare):se conlegit atque recreavit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.— Before s (rare in Cic.):provinciarum atque sociorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.— Before t (infreq.):parietum atque tectorum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.—Before v (infreq.):gravis atque vehemens,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30.—The form ac before consonants.—Before b (very rare):B.sentientes ac bene meritos,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149:feri ac barbari,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.—Before c (very rare):liberis ac conjugibus,
Liv. 21, 30:Romae ac circa urbem,
id. 21, 62.—Before d (freq. in Cic.):periculum ac discrimen,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42:usus ac disciplina,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.—Before f (infreq.):opima est ac fertilis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103:potentissimos ac firmissimos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12;2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima,
Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.—Before g (does not occur).—Before j (very rare):nobilitatis ac juventutis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.—Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.—Before m (not infreq. in Cic.):terrore ac metu,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.—Before n (not infreq. in Cic.):insedit ac nimis inveteravit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:gentes ac nationes,
id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.—Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.):celeberrimum ac plenissimum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (infreq.):firmamenti ac roboris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.—Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.):vectigalibus ac sociis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.—Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.):tantis rebus ac tanto bello,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.—Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.):armatos ac victores,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:inconsulte ac veluti etc.,
Sall. C. 42, 2:opera ac vineae,
Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43. —(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).—With simul:Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat,
Tac. Agr. 35:in se simul atque in Herculem,
id. G. 34:suos prosequitur simul ac deponit,
id. ib. 30; so,sociis pariter atque hostibus,
id. H. 4, 73:innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere,
id. A. 1, 48.—Hence, sometimes syn. with et—et, ut—ita, aeque ac; both—and, as—so, as well—as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam [p. 190] voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79:verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum,
Cic. Cael. 19, 45:omnia honesta atque inhonesta,
Sall. C. 30, 4:nobiles atque ignobiles,
id. ib. 20, 7:caloris ac frigoris patientia par,
Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127:vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32.—Esp.a.In a hendiadys:b.utinam isto animo atque virtute in summa re publica versari quam in municipali maluisset,
with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36:de conplexu ejus ac sinu,
of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama,
Sall. C. 3 fin.:clamore atque adsensu,
shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3.—In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3).(α).Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6:(β).Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro ista re ac lubens,
and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15:rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam,
and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52:magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc.,
and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:hebeti ingenio atque nullo,
and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex media morte,
and even, id. Cat. 4, 9:fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto,
and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11:intra moenia atque in sinu urbis,
id. C. 52, 35.—With adeo, and that too, and even:(γ).intra moenia atque adeo in senatu,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5:qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc.,
id. ib. 2, 12, 27:insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen,
id. Planc. 19 fin.:non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem,
Liv. 10, 5.—And with autem also added:atque adeo autem quor etc.,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42.—With etiam:(δ).id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est,
and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodia habeant,
Liv. 3, 46.—With the dem. pron. hic, is:II.negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili,
and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14:maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 27:Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi,
id. ib. 2, 2:duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum,
id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70:flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest,
id. B. G. 5, 18:ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores... atque id eo magis, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): qua (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:dicendi artem apta trepidatione occultans atque eo validior,
Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46.—In comparisons.A.Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structura Graeca (sc. homoios kai, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. kai, III.:B.si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4:Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52:pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3:neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit,
Nep. Dat. 3, 5:magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit,
id. Hann. 5, 3:pariter patribus ac plebi carus,
Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Mull.:cum ex provincia populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii,
Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, d); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.:et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc.,
id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.:similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit,
Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3:contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse,
Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9:faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10:cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4.—Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than:C.illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. a:aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf.also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium,
Cic. Att. 2, 3:simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46:qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,
id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo,
id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc.—Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si;D.once, however, non aliter, ac si,
Cic. Att. 13, 51;v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt,
Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11:nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poeta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis,
id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.:quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73:si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis,
id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11:Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43:tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit,
id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater,
id. Mur. 4 fin.:haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc.,
Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. —More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.;E.in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73:haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse,
Cic. Cat. 4, 2:pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem,
id. Inv. 1, 32, 54:non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118:num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi?
id. Mil. 4, 3, 37.—Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style):F.nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi,
id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:quae suco caret atque putris pumex,
Priap. 32, 7 (Mull., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54.—Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than:G.amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56:non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.:Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma,
Cat. 61, 172:haud minus ac jussi faciunt,
Verg. A. 3, 561:Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra:nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portarit): qui peccas minus atque ego,
id. ib. 2, 7, 96:Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex,
id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. —In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim:III.principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit,
as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40:judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit,
Dig. 21, 1, 25:quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat,
ib. 16, 1, 24.—To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather.a.Absol.:b.Decipiam ac non veniam,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:si fidem habeat,... ac non id metuat, ne etc.,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 60:perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54:quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tanta multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 33:si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare?
id. N. D. 2, 6, 17:nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur,
id. Att. 1, 16:si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101:si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur,
id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6:velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent,
Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.:si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum,
Tac. Or. 1.—With potius:IV.Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit?
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et):quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem?
id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.— Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non:concremasse ea (scrinia) optuma fide atque non legisse,
Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. —In connecting clauses and beginning periods.1.In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20:2.atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33:cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc.... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 31:multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc.... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumelia incenderentur,
Tac. A. 1, 47:Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses,
Tac. Or. 14:ac similiter in translatione, etc.,
Quint. 3, 6, 77.—In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487.a.Absol.:b.maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc.,
and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. —Often with etiam:c.Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur,
Cic. Or. 40, 139:Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3.—Sometimes with quoque:d.Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22.—And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego [p. 191] quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30.—3.In narration:4.aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,
Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.:completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies,
Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. —In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry):5.Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc.,
Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715;12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664;and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc.... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium,
Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Muller read:Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc.,
id. Lael. 15, 54.—In connecting two acts or events.a.In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Mull.): Quo imus una;b. (α).ad prandium? Atque illi tacent,
And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19:Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt,
and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33:dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9:lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum,
and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162:dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro,
Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17:tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt,
id. ib. 1, 82. —Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions:cape hoc argentum atque defer,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:abi domum ac deos comprecare,
id. Ad. 4, 5, 65:tace modo ac sequere hac,
id. ib. 2, 4, 16:Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere,
Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330:Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma,
id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370.—Absol.:(β).si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerasses,
and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10.—With ita or sic:c.Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc.,
Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158:ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur,
Quint. 12, 10, 67.—Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.):6.non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation).—(As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance:7.Satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4:hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte... coercent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus... exsules damnatosque tota Gallia magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit;ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Gallia auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.—Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion:Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est,
And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—In expressing a wish, atque utinam:8.Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus!
Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:Atque utinam pro decore etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 13:Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc.,
Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575:Atque utinam... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis!
Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al.—To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless.a.Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile;b.atque ipsis commentum placet,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.):ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito!... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.:ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc.,
and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35:observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant,
Plin. Pan. 26.—With tamen:9.nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85:discipulos dissimilis inter se ac tamen laudandos,
id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc.,
id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.):ac tamen initia fastigii etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56;14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certasse, ac tamen fusos Germanos,
id. H. 5, 16.—To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrasset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres;10.... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc.,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.—Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied:nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet),
Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54.—In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.).a.A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection:b.Ac ne sine causa videretur edixisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24:Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur,
id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30:Ac ne saepius dicendum sit,
Cels. 8, 1:Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13:Ac ne forte putes,
id. ib. 2, 1, 208:Ac ne forte putes etc.,
Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et).—A positive purpose:11.Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc.,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc.... dico etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40:Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc.,
id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4.—a.. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc.,... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:b.atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8.—In introducing parentheses:c.vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum,
Liv. 21, 38:omne adfectus genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuria, etc.,
Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. —At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50:V.Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus,
id. Off. 1, 6, 19:Ac de inferenda quidem injuria satis dictum est,
id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al.—In particular connections and phrases.A.Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that:B.unae atque alterae scalae,
Sall. J. 60, 7:quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret,
id. ib. 93, 2:unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit,
Tac. H. 5, 6:dilatisque alia atque alia de causa comitiis,
Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10:alius atque alius,
Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).—Also separated by several words:aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2.—Etiam atque etiam. again and again:C.temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11:etiam atque etiam considera,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo,
id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and:iterum atque iterum,
Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39.—Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85.—D.Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29:E.atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum,
but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48:Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum,
and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8.—Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally:F.Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a natura data,
Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223:quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias alia terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,
id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83:nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis,
id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus,
Quint. 10, 2, 2.—With other conjunctions.1.After et:2.equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13:vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti,
Tac. Agr. 32.:denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem,
id. 21, 41, 2:et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque,
Quint. 8, 3, 3:Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur,
id. 12, 10, 67. —After que, as in Gr. te kai: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20:3.submoverique atque in castra redigi,
Liv. 26, 10:terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere,
id. 21, 52:mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,
Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486.—Before et:4.caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes,
Tac. Agr. 32.—After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose):G.nec clavis nec canis atque calix,
Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestus [p. 192] neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10:mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit,
Suet. Vesp. 12.—Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Mull.:atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam,
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20:omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tua gravitate positam existimare,
id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.—Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets:Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia,
Cat. 68, 152:Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus,
Verg. G. 4, 463:Clioque et Beroe atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia,
id. ib. 4, 343.—And sometimes forming a double connective, both— and = et—et:Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita,
Tib. 2, 5, 73:complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater,
Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.► Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands:a.In the second place:b.Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres,
Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.:Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta,
id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304):Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,
Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche).—In the third place:quod pubes hedera virente Gaudeant pulla magis atque myrto,
Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.) -
4 atque
atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. pros de, pros de eti, eti kai, eti de, and te kai; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion atqui ], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec).I.In joining single words, which is its most common use.A.In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.)1.The form atque.a.Before vowels and h. —Before a (very freq.):b.sociorum atque amicorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.—Before e (very freq.):deposci atque expeti,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.—Before i (very freq.):excitare atque inflammare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.—Before o (freq. in Cic.):honestissimus atque ornatissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.—Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.—Before h (not infreq.):Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37.—Before consonants.—Before b (very rare):2.Gallorum atque Belgarum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so,Cassius atque Brutus,
Tac. A. 3, 76.—Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.):in portubus atque custodiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.—Before d (infreq.):superatam esse atque depressam,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.—Before f (infreq.):vitiis atque flagitiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.— Before g (very rare):dignitate atque gloria,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12:virtute atque gloria,
Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.—Before j (very rare):labore atque justitia,
Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.—Before l (rare):hilari atque laeto,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.—Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.):multae atque magnae,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.—Before n (infreq.):adventu atque nomine,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis. —Before p (infreq. in Cic.):magna atque praeclara,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (rare):se conlegit atque recreavit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.— Before s (rare in Cic.):provinciarum atque sociorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.— Before t (infreq.):parietum atque tectorum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.—Before v (infreq.):gravis atque vehemens,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30.—The form ac before consonants.—Before b (very rare):B.sentientes ac bene meritos,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149:feri ac barbari,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.—Before c (very rare):liberis ac conjugibus,
Liv. 21, 30:Romae ac circa urbem,
id. 21, 62.—Before d (freq. in Cic.):periculum ac discrimen,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42:usus ac disciplina,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.—Before f (infreq.):opima est ac fertilis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103:potentissimos ac firmissimos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12;2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima,
Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.—Before g (does not occur).—Before j (very rare):nobilitatis ac juventutis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.—Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.—Before m (not infreq. in Cic.):terrore ac metu,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.—Before n (not infreq. in Cic.):insedit ac nimis inveteravit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:gentes ac nationes,
id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.—Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.):celeberrimum ac plenissimum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (infreq.):firmamenti ac roboris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.—Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.):vectigalibus ac sociis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.—Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.):tantis rebus ac tanto bello,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.—Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.):armatos ac victores,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:inconsulte ac veluti etc.,
Sall. C. 42, 2:opera ac vineae,
Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43. —(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).—With simul:Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat,
Tac. Agr. 35:in se simul atque in Herculem,
id. G. 34:suos prosequitur simul ac deponit,
id. ib. 30; so,sociis pariter atque hostibus,
id. H. 4, 73:innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere,
id. A. 1, 48.—Hence, sometimes syn. with et—et, ut—ita, aeque ac; both—and, as—so, as well—as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam [p. 190] voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79:verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum,
Cic. Cael. 19, 45:omnia honesta atque inhonesta,
Sall. C. 30, 4:nobiles atque ignobiles,
id. ib. 20, 7:caloris ac frigoris patientia par,
Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127:vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32.—Esp.a.In a hendiadys:b.utinam isto animo atque virtute in summa re publica versari quam in municipali maluisset,
with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36:de conplexu ejus ac sinu,
of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama,
Sall. C. 3 fin.:clamore atque adsensu,
shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3.—In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3).(α).Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6:(β).Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro ista re ac lubens,
and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15:rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam,
and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52:magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc.,
and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:hebeti ingenio atque nullo,
and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex media morte,
and even, id. Cat. 4, 9:fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto,
and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11:intra moenia atque in sinu urbis,
id. C. 52, 35.—With adeo, and that too, and even:(γ).intra moenia atque adeo in senatu,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5:qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc.,
id. ib. 2, 12, 27:insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen,
id. Planc. 19 fin.:non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem,
Liv. 10, 5.—And with autem also added:atque adeo autem quor etc.,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42.—With etiam:(δ).id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est,
and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodia habeant,
Liv. 3, 46.—With the dem. pron. hic, is:II.negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili,
and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14:maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 27:Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi,
id. ib. 2, 2:duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum,
id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70:flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest,
id. B. G. 5, 18:ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores... atque id eo magis, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): qua (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:dicendi artem apta trepidatione occultans atque eo validior,
Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46.—In comparisons.A.Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structura Graeca (sc. homoios kai, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. kai, III.:B.si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4:Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52:pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3:neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit,
Nep. Dat. 3, 5:magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit,
id. Hann. 5, 3:pariter patribus ac plebi carus,
Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Mull.:cum ex provincia populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii,
Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, d); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.:et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc.,
id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.:similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit,
Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3:contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse,
Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9:faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10:cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4.—Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than:C.illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. a:aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf.also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium,
Cic. Att. 2, 3:simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46:qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,
id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo,
id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc.—Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si;D.once, however, non aliter, ac si,
Cic. Att. 13, 51;v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt,
Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11:nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poeta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis,
id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.:quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73:si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis,
id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11:Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43:tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit,
id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater,
id. Mur. 4 fin.:haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc.,
Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. —More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.;E.in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73:haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse,
Cic. Cat. 4, 2:pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem,
id. Inv. 1, 32, 54:non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118:num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi?
id. Mil. 4, 3, 37.—Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style):F.nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi,
id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:quae suco caret atque putris pumex,
Priap. 32, 7 (Mull., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54.—Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than:G.amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56:non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.:Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma,
Cat. 61, 172:haud minus ac jussi faciunt,
Verg. A. 3, 561:Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra:nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portarit): qui peccas minus atque ego,
id. ib. 2, 7, 96:Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex,
id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. —In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim:III.principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit,
as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40:judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit,
Dig. 21, 1, 25:quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat,
ib. 16, 1, 24.—To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather.a.Absol.:b.Decipiam ac non veniam,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:si fidem habeat,... ac non id metuat, ne etc.,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 60:perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54:quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tanta multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 33:si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare?
id. N. D. 2, 6, 17:nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur,
id. Att. 1, 16:si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101:si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur,
id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6:velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent,
Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.:si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum,
Tac. Or. 1.—With potius:IV.Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit?
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et):quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem?
id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.— Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non:concremasse ea (scrinia) optuma fide atque non legisse,
Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. —In connecting clauses and beginning periods.1.In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20:2.atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33:cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc.... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 31:multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc.... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumelia incenderentur,
Tac. A. 1, 47:Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses,
Tac. Or. 14:ac similiter in translatione, etc.,
Quint. 3, 6, 77.—In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487.a.Absol.:b.maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc.,
and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. —Often with etiam:c.Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur,
Cic. Or. 40, 139:Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3.—Sometimes with quoque:d.Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22.—And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego [p. 191] quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30.—3.In narration:4.aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,
Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.:completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies,
Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. —In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry):5.Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc.,
Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715;12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664;and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc.... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium,
Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Muller read:Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc.,
id. Lael. 15, 54.—In connecting two acts or events.a.In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Mull.): Quo imus una;b. (α).ad prandium? Atque illi tacent,
And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19:Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt,
and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33:dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9:lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum,
and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162:dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro,
Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17:tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt,
id. ib. 1, 82. —Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions:cape hoc argentum atque defer,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:abi domum ac deos comprecare,
id. Ad. 4, 5, 65:tace modo ac sequere hac,
id. ib. 2, 4, 16:Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere,
Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330:Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma,
id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370.—Absol.:(β).si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerasses,
and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10.—With ita or sic:c.Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc.,
Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158:ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur,
Quint. 12, 10, 67.—Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.):6.non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation).—(As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance:7.Satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4:hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte... coercent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus... exsules damnatosque tota Gallia magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit;ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Gallia auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.—Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion:Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est,
And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—In expressing a wish, atque utinam:8.Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus!
Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:Atque utinam pro decore etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 13:Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc.,
Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575:Atque utinam... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis!
Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al.—To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless.a.Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile;b.atque ipsis commentum placet,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.):ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito!... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.:ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc.,
and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35:observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant,
Plin. Pan. 26.—With tamen:9.nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85:discipulos dissimilis inter se ac tamen laudandos,
id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc.,
id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.):ac tamen initia fastigii etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56;14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certasse, ac tamen fusos Germanos,
id. H. 5, 16.—To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrasset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres;10.... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc.,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.—Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied:nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet),
Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54.—In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.).a.A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection:b.Ac ne sine causa videretur edixisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24:Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur,
id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30:Ac ne saepius dicendum sit,
Cels. 8, 1:Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13:Ac ne forte putes,
id. ib. 2, 1, 208:Ac ne forte putes etc.,
Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et).—A positive purpose:11.Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc.,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc.... dico etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40:Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc.,
id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4.—a.. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc.,... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:b.atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8.—In introducing parentheses:c.vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum,
Liv. 21, 38:omne adfectus genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuria, etc.,
Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. —At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50:V.Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus,
id. Off. 1, 6, 19:Ac de inferenda quidem injuria satis dictum est,
id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al.—In particular connections and phrases.A.Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that:B.unae atque alterae scalae,
Sall. J. 60, 7:quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret,
id. ib. 93, 2:unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit,
Tac. H. 5, 6:dilatisque alia atque alia de causa comitiis,
Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10:alius atque alius,
Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).—Also separated by several words:aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2.—Etiam atque etiam. again and again:C.temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11:etiam atque etiam considera,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo,
id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and:iterum atque iterum,
Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39.—Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85.—D.Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29:E.atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum,
but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48:Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum,
and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8.—Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally:F.Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a natura data,
Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223:quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias alia terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,
id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83:nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis,
id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus,
Quint. 10, 2, 2.—With other conjunctions.1.After et:2.equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13:vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti,
Tac. Agr. 32.:denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem,
id. 21, 41, 2:et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque,
Quint. 8, 3, 3:Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur,
id. 12, 10, 67. —After que, as in Gr. te kai: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20:3.submoverique atque in castra redigi,
Liv. 26, 10:terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere,
id. 21, 52:mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,
Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486.—Before et:4.caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes,
Tac. Agr. 32.—After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose):G.nec clavis nec canis atque calix,
Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestus [p. 192] neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10:mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit,
Suet. Vesp. 12.—Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Mull.:atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam,
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20:omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tua gravitate positam existimare,
id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.—Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets:Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia,
Cat. 68, 152:Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus,
Verg. G. 4, 463:Clioque et Beroe atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia,
id. ib. 4, 343.—And sometimes forming a double connective, both— and = et—et:Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita,
Tib. 2, 5, 73:complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater,
Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.► Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands:a.In the second place:b.Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres,
Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.:Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta,
id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304):Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,
Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche).—In the third place:quod pubes hedera virente Gaudeant pulla magis atque myrto,
Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.) -
5 deicio
dē-ĭcĭo or dejicio, jēci, jectum, 3, v. a. [jacio], to throw or cast down; to hurl down, precipitate (very freq., and class.).I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.araneas de foribus et de pariete,
Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 31:aliquem de ponte in Tiberim,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 35, 100; cf.:aliquem e ponte,
Suet. Caes. 80:aliquem de saxo (Tarpeio),
Liv. 5, 47; 6, 20; Hor. S. 1, 6, 39; cf.aliquem saxo Tarpeio,
Tac. A. 6, 19:aliquem equo,
Caes. B. G. 4, 12, 5; Liv. 4, 19:jugum servile a cervicibus,
Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 6:togam ab umeris,
Suet. Aug. 52; cf.:togam de umero,
id. Caes. 9 al.; esp. reflex. with pron.:se de muro,
Caes. B. C. 1, 18, 3; cf.:se de superiore parte aedium,
Nep. Dion, 4 fin.:se per munitiones,
Caes. B. G. 3, 26, 5:se a praealtis montibus (venti),
Liv. 28, 6:librum in mare,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 14; cf.:aliquem in locum inferiorem,
Caes. B. G. 5, 44, 12:aliquem e summo in Tartara,
Lucr. 5, 1124:elatam securim in caput (regis),
Liv. 1, 40; cf. id. 7, 10:equum e campo in cavam hanc viam,
force to leap down, id. 23, 47:bustum aut monumentum, aut columnam,
Cic. Leg. 2, 26; so,statuas veterum hominum (c. c. depellere simulacra deorum),
id. Cat. 3, 8, 19:monumenta regis templaque Vestae,
Hor. Od. 1, 2, 15:signa aenea in Capitolio (tempestas),
Liv. 40, 2:omnes Hermas,
Nep. Alcib. 3:turrim,
Caes. B. C. 2, 22; cf.arces,
Hor. Od. 4, 14, 13 et saep.:arbores,
to fell, Liv. 21, 37, 2; Vitr. 2, 9, 4:caput uno ictu,
to cut off, Verg. A. 9, 770; id. ib. 10, 546:libellos,
to tear down, Cic. Quint. 6, 27; Sen. Ben. 4, 12 (but Caes. B. G. 3, 15, antemnis disjectis is the true reading): comam, Afran. ap. Non. 514, 2; cf.:crinibus dejectis,
loose, dishevelled, Tac. A. 14, 30:sortes,
to cast into the urn, Caes. B. C. 1, 6, 5:dejectam aerea sortem accepit galea,
Verg. A. 5, 490 sq.:cum dejecta sors esset,
Liv. 21, 42; cf.:pernam, glandium,
to throw into the pot, Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 36:alvum,
to purge, Cato R. R. 158; cf.:casei caprini, qui facillimi deiciantur,
i. e. are most easily digested, Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 3;opp. alvum superiorem,
i. e. to vomit, Cato R. R. 156, 2.—Esp.1.Milit. t. t., to drive out, dislodge an enemy from his position: hostes muro turribusque dejecti, Caes. B. G. 7, 28; cf.:2.nostri dejecti sunt loco,
id. ib. 7, 51:praesidium ex saltu,
id. B. C. 1, 37 fin.; cf.:agmen Gallorum ex rupe Tarpeia,
Liv. 7, 10:ex tot castellis,
id. 44, 35:praesidium Claternā,
Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 6; cf.:praesidium loco summe munito,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 30: praesidium (without abl.), Caes. B. G. 7, 36, 7; id. B. C. 3, 23, 2; Liv. 4, 53 al.:castra hostium,
to destroy, id. 25, 14:praetorium,
id. 41, 2 et saep.—Jurid. t. t., to drive out, turn out of possession, eject, dispossess (cf. deduco):3.unde vi prohibitus sis... unde dejectus?
Cic. Caecin. 13; cf. id. ib. 17, 50:nisi ex eo loco ubi vestigium impresserit, deici neminem posse,
id. ib. 27, 76 fin.:aliquem de possessione imperii,
Liv. 45, 22.—Naut. t. t., pass.: deici, to be driven out of one's course:4.naves ad inferiorem partem insulae,
Caes. B. G. 4, 28, 2:classis tempestate vexata ad Balearīs insulas deicitur,
Liv. 23, 34, 16; id. 23, 40, 6.—Pregn. (cf.: cado, concĭdo, decĭdo; caedo, concīdo, decīdo, etc.), to fell with a mortal wound, to bring down dead to the ground; to kill, slay:5.his dejectis et coacervatis cadaveribus,
Caes. B. G. 2, 27, 4; 4, 12; id. B. C. 1, 46; 3, 51; cf.:quem telo primum, quem postremum aspera virgo Deicis?
Verg. A. 11, 665:avem ab alto caelo,
id. ib. 5, 542; cf. id. ib. 11, 580:Glaucoque bovem Thetidique juvencam Deicit Ancaeus,
i. e. slaughters as a sacrifice, Val. Fl. 1, 191:super juvencum stabat dejectum leo,
Phaedr. 2, 1, 1:(Hercules) aves sagittis dejecit,
Lact. 1, 9, 2:gruem,
Verg. A. 11, 580.—To lower, let down, hang down, depress, of the head, etc. (cf. II. A. infra):II.dejecto capite (opp. supino capite),
Quint. 11, 3, 69.—Of a nod (opp. relato capite), Apul. Met. 10.—Of a wild beast:id (caput) dejectum semper in terram,
Plin. 8, 21, 32, § 77:in pectora mentum,
Ov. M. 12, 255:euntes dejecta cervice Getae,
Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 180.—Trop.A.In gen.:B.pueri Sisennae oculos de isto numquam deicere,
never took their eyes off him, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 15; cf. id. ib. 2, 5, 71:oculos a republica,
id. Phil. 1, 1:dejecit vultum et demissa voce locuta est,
cast down her eyes, Verg. A. 3, 320; cf.:oculos in terram,
Quint. 1, 11, 9 al.;and in Gr. construction, dejectus oculos,
with downcast eyes, Verg. A. 11, 480:dejectus vultum,
Stat. Th. 3, 367:ecquid ergo intellegis quantum mali de humana condicione dejeceris?
thou hast removed, averted, Cic. Tusc. 1, 8; cf.:quantum de doloris terrore,
id. ib. 2, 5, 14:vitia a se ratione,
id. ib. 4, 37, 80; cf.:cruciatum a corpore (with depellere omnia verbera),
id. Verr. 2, 5, 62:hunc metum Siciliae,
id. ib. 2, 5, 49 fin.:quae replenda vel deicienda sunt,
Quint. 10, 4, 1:eum de sententia dejecistis,
hast diverted from his opinion, Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 8:fortis et constantis est, non tumultuantem de gradu deici, ut dicitur,
id. Off. 1, 23, 80; cf. id. Att. 16, 15, 3.—In partic. (acc. to no. I. B. 2.), to cast one down from the prospect of a thing; to prevent from obtaining, to deprive, rob of:C.de honore deici,
Cic. Verr. 1, 9, 25:de possessione imperii,
Liv. 45, 22, 7;for which, ad deiciendum honore eum,
Liv. 39, 41;and, dejecti honore,
id. 3, 35; so with simple abl.:aliquem aedilitate,
Cic. Verr. 1, 8, 23:aedilitate,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 8, § 23:praeturā,
id. Mur. 36, 76:principatu,
Caes. B. G. 7, 63, 8:certo consulatu,
Liv. 40, 46, 14:spe,
id. 44, 28, 1:ea spe,
Caes. B. G. 1, 8, 4; cf.:opinione trium legionum (i. e. spe trium legionum colligendarum),
id. ib. 5, 48:conjuge tanto,
Verg. A. 3, 317. —Without abl.: M. Caelium mentio illa fatua... subito dejecit, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 3:cum inimicum eo quoque anno petentem dejecisset,
Liv. 38, 35:uxorem (sc. conjugio),
Tac. A. 11, 29 fin.:hoc dejecto,
after his fall, Nep. Thras. 3, 1; cf. Tac. A. 2, 3; Luc. 8, 27:ex alto dejectus culmine regni,
Sil. 17, 143.—To humble:I.deicimur, sed non perimus,
Vulg. 2 Cor. 4, 9:deiciendi hominis causa,
Lact. 4, 27, 17.—Hence, dejectus, a, um, P. a. (very rare).Sunk down, low:II.equitatus noster etsi dejectis atque inferioribus locis constiterat,
Caes. B. C. 1, 46, 3:dejectius,
Tert. adv. Marc. 1, 6 fin. —(Acc. to no. II. B., deprived of hope; hence) Cast down, dejected, dispirited:haud dejectus equum duci jubet,
Verg. A. 10, 858; cf.: [p. 535] haud sic dejecta, Stat. Th. 3, 315:in epilogis plerumque dejecti et infracti sumus,
Quint. 9. 4, 138.— Sup. does not occur.— -
6 redeo
rĕd-ĕo, ĭi, ĭtum, īre (lengthened form of the pres. redīnunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 286 Müll.; cf.: obinunt, ferinunt, nequinunt, solinunt, for obeunt, feriunt, nequeunt, solent; and danit, danunt, for dat, dant; rare fut. redies, App. M. 6, 19, and Sen. Ben. 1, 2, 3; cf. Vulg. Lev. 25, 10; id. Jer. 37, 7), v. n.I. A.Lit.1.Of persons.(α).Absol.:(β).bene re gestā salvus redeo,
Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 58; 4, 3, 82:velletne me redire,
Cic. Sest. 59, 126:et non nisi revocaretis, rediturus fuerim,
Liv. 5, 51.—With ex and abl.:(γ).erus alter ex Alide rediit,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 9:e provinciā,
Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 16:ex illis contionibus domum,
Liv. 3, 68.—With ab and abl.:(δ).a portu,
Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 16:a portā,
id. Merc. 4, 4, 9:a foro,
id. Aul. 2, 6, 7; id. Ps. 4, 3, 11; cf.:a foro do mum,
id. Aul. 2, 3, 6; id. Cas. 3, 4, 1:ab re divinā,
id. Poen. 1, 2, 193:a cenā,
Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 1:a Caesare,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 7:a nobis,
Verg. G. 1, 249:ab Africā,
Hor. C. 4, 8, 19:a flumine,
Ov. M. 1, 588 et saep.—With abl. alone:(ε).Thebis,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 35:Cariā,
id. Curc. 2, 1, 10:rure,
id. Merc. 3, 3, 25; 4, 3, 6; 4, 5, 5; 8; Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 63:colle,
Ov. M. 1, 698:exsilio,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 106:opsonatu,
id. Cas. 3, 5, 16; id. Men. 2, 2, 5; 14:suburbanā aede,
Ov. F. 6, 785. —With adv. of place:(ζ).unde,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 91; Caes. B. G. 5, 11:inde domum,
Ov. F. 5, 455:hinc, inde, unde, etc.,
Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 23; id. Capt. 3, 1, 30; Caes. B. G. 5, 11, 7 al. —With adv. of time or manner:(η).eum rediturum actutum,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 44; 4, 4, 16:pascua haud tarde redientia,
Sil. 8, 520:tardius,
Ov. M. 10, 674:mature,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 97:retro,
Liv. 8, 11; 23, 28; Verg. A. 9, 794.—With in and acc.:(θ).in patriam,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 90; id. Stich. 4, 1, 3; 4, 2, 7:in urbem,
id. Cas. prol. 65; Liv. 4, 29 fin. Drak. N. cr.:in castra,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 45:in senatum rursus,
id. Mil. 2, 6, 109; cf.joined with retro,
Liv. 23, 28; 24, 20; 44, 27; Ov. M. 15, 249; Verg. A. 9, 794 al.:veram in viam,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 17; cf.:in rectam semitam,
id. ib. 2, 8, 33;and, in the same sense, simply in viam,
Ter. And. 1, 2, 19; Cic. Phil. 12, 2, 7:in proelium,
to renew, Liv. 22, 15, 9:serus in caelum redeas,
Hor. C. 1, 2, 45:in gyrum,
Ov. M. 7, 784 et saep. —With ad and acc.:(ι).ad navem,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 32:ad parentes denuo,
id. Capt. 2, 3, 51; so,ad aliquem,
id. Aul. 2, 2, 32; id. Cist. 4, 2, 56; id. Mil. 4, 2, 29; 34; id. Pers. 4, 4, 107:ad quos,
Caes. B. G. 7, 20: ad castra, Auct. B. Hisp. 25; cf.:se rediturum ad penates et in patriam,
Curt. 5, 5, 20.—With acc. alone:(κ).Syracusas,
Plaut. Men. prol. 37: Romam Cic. Quint. 18, 57; Liv. 3, 5:domum,
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 37; id. Cas. 5, 3, 14; id. Cist. 1, 1, 92; 104; Hor. S. 2, 5, 6; Ov. F. 5, 455; Liv. 3, 68:Cirtam,
Sall. J. 104, 1:Babyloniam,
Just. 12, 10, 7; cf. ( poet.):his laeti rediere duces loca amoena piorum,
Sil. 13, 703.—With adv. of direction, etc.:(λ).huc, illuc,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 103; id. Most. 1, 1, 75; id. Rud. 3, 6, 41; id. Am. 1, 3, 29; id. Men. 4, 2, 53 sq.:isto,
id. Pers. 4, 3, 43:intro,
id. Aul. 2, 2, 31; id. Cas. 3, 5, 61; id. Cist. 4, 2, 37:quo,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 261.—With acc. of distance: ite viam, Vet. Form. ap. Cic. Mur. 12, 26:(μ).itque reditque viam,
Verg. A. 6, 122.—Impers. pass.:(ν).dum stas, reditum oportuit,
Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 43:ad arbitrum reditur,
id. Rud. 4, 3, 79:manerent indutiae, dum ab illo rediri posset,
Caes. B. C. 3, 16:ut Romam reditum est,
Liv. 3, 5; 8, 11; Nep. Epam. 8.—With inf.:2.saepe redit patrios ascendere perdita muros,
Verg. Cir. 171: hirundo reditura cibos immittere nidis, Montan. ap. Sen. Ep. 122, 12.—Of things:B.astra ad idem, unde profecta sunt,
Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24; cf.:sol in sua signa,
Ov. F. 3, 161:totidem redeuntia solis Lumina viderunt,
id. M. 14, 423:redeuntis cornua lunae,
id. ib. 10, 479:adverso redierunt carbasa vento,
id. H. 21, 71:Eurus reditura vela tenebat,
id. M. 7, 664:flumen in eandem partem, ex quā venerat, redit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 37; cf.:amnes In fontes suos,
Ov. M. 7, 200:ille qui in se redit orbis,
Quint. 11, 3, 105:redeunt jam gramina campis Arboribusque comae,
Hor. C. 4, 7, 1; cf.:arboribus frondes,
Ov. F. 3, 237.—Trop., to go or come back, to return:2.aspersisti aquam, Jam rediit animus,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 16; so,animus,
id. Merc. 3, 1, 32; Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 12:mens,
Ov. M. 14, 519:et mens et rediit verus in ora color,
id. A. A. 3, 730:spiritus et vita redit bonis ducibus,
Hor. C. 4, 8, 14:suum redit ingenium,
Liv. 2, 22:memoria redit,
Quint. 11, 2, 7:redit animo ille latus clavus, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 6: in pristinum [p. 1540] statum, Gaes. B. G. 7, 54:in statum antiquum rediit res,
Liv. 3, 9; cf.:reditum in vestram dicionem,
Liv. 29, 17:cum Alcumenā antiquam in gratiam,
Plaut. Am. 5, 2, 12:cum suis inimicissimis in gratiam,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 9, 20; id. Fragm. ap. Quint. 9, 3, 41; Caes. B. C. 1, 4; Nep. Alcib. 5, 1; cf.: se numquam cum matre in gratiam redisse, had never been reconciled, i. e. had never been at variance, Cic. Att. 17, 1;and simply in gratiam,
Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 59; Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 40; cf.:in concordiam,
Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 7:in amicitiam alicujus,
Liv. 25, 16:in fidem alicujus,
id. 25, 1:nunc demum in memoriam redeo,
I recollect, call to mind, Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 25; so,in memoriam mortuorum,
Cic. Sen. 7, 21; id. Inv. 1, 52, 98; id. Quint. 18, 57; cf.:in memoriam cum aliquo,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 19:in corda redeunt tumultus,
Claud. B. Get. 216:vere calor redit ossibus,
Verg. G. 3, 272:redit agricolis labor actus in orbem,
id. ib. 2, 401:rursum ad ingenium redit,
he returns to his natural bent, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 46; so,ad ingenium,
id. Hec. 1, 2, 38:ad se atque ad mores suos,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:ad se,
id. Att. 7, 3, 8; but redire ad se signifies also, to come to one ' s self, i. e. to recover one ' s senses, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 8; cf. id. And. 3, 5, 16; Liv. 1, 41; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 138; cf.:ex somno vix ad se,
Lucr. 4, 1023:donec discussis redeunt erroribus ad se,
id. 4, 996:ad sanitatem,
Cic. Fam. 12, 10, 1; cf.: reverto: in veram rediit faciem solitumque nitorem, returned to his true form (of Apollo), Ov. M. 4, 231; cf.:in annos Quos egit, rediit,
i. e. he resumed his youth, id. ib. 9, 430 (for which:reformatus primos in annos,
id. ib. 9, 399):in juvenem,
id. ib. 14, 766:in fastos,
to go back to them, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 48:quamvis redeant in aurum Tempora priscum,
id. C. 4, 2, 39:in causas malorum,
to appear again as the cause of misfortunes, Tac. H. 4, 50:maturos iterum est questa redire dies,
Prop. 2, 18 (3, 10), 12;so of times and events which recur periodically: annus,
Verg. A. 8, 47; Hor. C. 3, 8, 9; id. S. 2, 2, 83:ne rediret Saeculum Pyrrhae,
id. C. 1, 2, 5:Nonae Decembres,
id. ib. 3, 18, 10:iterum sollemnia,
Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 1 al.— Impers. pass.:tum exuto justitio reditum ad munia,
Tac. A. 3, 7.—In partic., in speaking, thinking, or writing.a.Of the speaker, to go back, return to a former subject, to recur to it:b.mitte ista, atque ad rem redi, etc.,
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 31 sq.:quid si redeo ad illos,
id. Heaut. 4, 3, 41:sed de hoc alias: nunc redeo ad augurem,
Cic. Lael. 1, 1; so,ad Scipionem,
id. ib. 17, 62:ad me,
id. ib. 25, 96:ad fabulas,
id. ib. 20, 75:ad illa prima,
id. ib. 26 fin.:sed ad illum redeo,
id. Fin. 2, 22, 73:ad inceptum,
Sall. J. 4, 9:illuc, unde abii, redeo,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 108; 1, 7, 9; 1, 6, 45:longius evectus sum, sed redeo ad propositum,
Quint. 9, 3, 87; cf.:digredi a re et redire ad propositum,
id. 9, 2, 4:ab illo impetu ad rationem redit,
id. 6, 1, 28 et saep. —Comically:nunc in Epidamnum pedibus redeundum'st mihi,
Plaut. Men. prol. 49.—Of the subject:II.res redit,
comes up again, Cic. post Red. in Sen. 11, 27; cf.:redit de integro haec oratio,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 8.—(With the idea of ire predominating; cf.: recido, redigo).1.To come in as revenue, income; to arise, proceed (cf. provenio):2.tribus tantis illi minus redit,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 129:ut ex eodem semine aliubi cum decimo redeat, aliubi cum quintodecimo,
Varr. R. R. 1, 44, 1:possentne fructus pro impensā ac labore redire,
id. ib. 1, 2, 8:ex pecore redeunt ter ducena Parmensi,
Mart. 4, 37, 5:pecunia publica, quae ex metallis redibat,
Nep. Them. 2, 2:ex quā regione quinquaginta talenta quotannis redibant,
id. ib. 10, 3:e modio redire sextarios quattuor siliginis,
Plin. 18, 9, 20, § 86; 18, 10, 20, § 89 et saep.—To come to, be brought or reduced to; to arrive at, reach, attain a thing; constr. usually with ad; very rarely with in or an adv. of place:pilis omissis ad gladios redierunt,
betook themselves to their swords, Caes. B. C. 3, 93; cf.:ad manus reditur, Auct. B. Afr. 18, 4: Caesar opinione trium legionum dejectus, ad duas redierat,
was brought down, reduced, Caes. B. G. 5, 48 init.: collis leniter fastigatus paulatim ad planitiem redibat, sank or sloped down, descended, id. ib. 2, 8: ejus morte ea ad me lege redierunt bona, have descended to me, Ter. And. 4, 5, 4; so,ad hos lege hereditas,
id. Hec. 1, 2, 97:quorum (principum) ad arbitrium judiciumque summa omnium rerum consiliorumque redeat,
Caes. B. G. 6, 11:summa imperii, rerum ad aliquem,
id. B. C. 1, 4; 3, 18; Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 3:regnum ad aliquem,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 28:res ad interregnum,
Liv. 1, 22:mihi ad rastros res,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 58 (with redigat ad inopiam):ut ad pauca redeam,
i. e. to cut the story short, id. Hec. 1, 2, 60; id. Phorm. 4, 3, 43: aut haec bona in tabulas publicas nulla redierunt, aut si redierunt, etc., have not reached, i. e. are not registered upon, Cic. Rosc. Am. 44, 128:Germania in septentrionem ingenti flexu redit,
trends towards the north, Tac. G. 35:in eum res rediit jam locum, Ut sit necesse,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 118; id. Ad. 2, 4, 9:in nubem Ossa redit,
rises to, Val. Fl. 2, 16:Venus, quam penes amantūm summa summarum redit,
falls to her lot, pertains to her, Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 4:quod si eo meae fortunae redeunt, ut, etc.,
come to that, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 24; so,adeo res,
id. Heaut. 1, 1, 61; 5, 2, 27; id. Phorm. 1, 3, 1; 1, 2, 5:omnia verba huc redeunt,
come to, amount to this, id. Eun. 1, 2, 78; cf.:incommoditas huc omnis,
id. And. 3, 3, 35. -
7 re-mittō
re-mittō mīsī, missus, ere, to let go back, send back, despatch back, drive back, cause to return: mulieres Romam: paucos in regnum, Cs.: partem legionum in sua castra, Cs.: librum tibi: pila intercepta, hurl back, Cs.: tractum de corpore telum, O.: cogebat (equos) calces remittere, i. e. kick, N. —To send forth, give out, yield, emit, produce: Ut melius muriā, quod testa marina remittit, H.: nec umenti sensit tellure remitti (nebulas), O.: umorem ex se, V.: quod baca remisit olivae, H.—In law, with nuntium or repudium, to send a letter of divorce, dissolve marriage: uxori nuntium: repudium alteri (uxori), T.—To let go back, loosen, slacken, relax: ramulum adductum, ut remissus esset, in oculum suum recidisse: habenas: frena, O.: vinclis remissis, O.: bracchia, i. e. let fall, V.: mella calor liquefacta remittit, melts, V.— Intrans, to decrease, relax, abate: si forte ventus remisisset, Cs.: pestilentia, L.: cum remiserant dolores pedum.—Fig., to send back, give back, return, restore: vocem nemora remittunt, V.: totidemque remisit Verba locus, O.: sonum acutum, H.: vestrum vobis beneficium, Cs.: hanc veniam cumulatam morte remittam, will repay, V.—To give up, reject, yield, resign, grant, concede. opinionem animo: si quid ab omnibus conceditur, id reddo ac remitto: remittentibus tribunis, comitia sunt habita, etc., yielding, L.: omnia tibi ista: quod natura remittit, Invida iura negant, O.: memoriam simultatium patriae, sacrifice, L.: Erycis tibi terga remitto, I give up, if you will, V.: suarum quoque rerum illis remisso honore, i. e. ascribed the honor to them, L.: ius, abandon their claim, L.: te mihi remittere atque concedere, ut consumerem, etc. Sed mora damnosa est nec res dubitare <*>emittit, permits, O. —To slacken, relax, relieve, release, abate, remit. omnes sonorum gradūs: per dies festos animum, L.: se, N.: ab religione animos, L.: superioris temporis contentionem, Cs.: diligentiam in perdiscendo, Cs.: studia remissa temporibus: belli opera, L.: pugnam, S.: urguent tamen et nihil remittunt: cum se furor ille remisit, O.: horam de meis legitimis horis: aliquid ex pristinā virtute, Cs.: nihil ex arrogantiā, Ta.: de tributo remiserunt, L.: fortissimis remittere de summā.—To cease, refrain, omit: remittas iam me onerare iniuriis, T.: quid ubique hostis ageret, explorare, S.: Quid Cantabar cogitet, Quaerere, H.—To give free course, leave unrestrained: animi appetitūs, qui tum remitterentur, tum continerentur.—Of a penalty, to remit, pardon, remove, abate, grant exemption from: multam: poenam tibi, L.: sibi poenam magistri equitum, remit at their intercession, L.: pecunias, quas erant in publicum polliciti, Cs. -
8 constituo
con-stĭtŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a. [statuo], to cause to stand, put or lay down, to set, put, place, fix, station, deposit a person or thing somewhere (esp. firmly or immovably), etc. (the act. corresponding to consistere; class.).I.In gen.A.Prop.:B.hominem ante pedes Q. Manilii constituunt,
Cic. Clu. 13, 38:vobis (dīs) candentem taurum ante aras,
Verg. A. 5, 237:impedimenta,
Liv. 44, 36, 6:reliquias praedonum contractas in urbibus,
Vell. 2, 32 fin.:unum aliquem lectorem,
Quint. 2, 5, 6:velut in aliquā sublimi speculā constitutus,
Lact. 2, 2, 18.—Trop.:II.cum hujus vobis adulescentiam proposueritis, constituitote vobis ante oculos etiam hujus miseri senectutem,
Cic. Cael. 32, 79.—Esp.,A.Milit. t. t.1.To station or post troops somewhere, to draw up, set in order:2.legionem Caesar passibus CC. ab eo tumulo constituit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 43:legiones pro castris in acie,
id. ib. 2, 8 fin.;4, 35: aciem ordinesque intra silvas,
id. ib. 2, 19:octo cohortes in fronte,
Sall. C. 59, 2:quod reliquum peditum erat, obliquo constituerunt colle,
Liv. 28, 33, 8 al.:naves ad latus apertum hostium,
Caes. B. G. 4, 25; cf.:naves aperto ac plano litore,
id. ib. 4, 23 fin.:naves nisi in alto,
id. ib. 4, 24:subsidiarias (naves) in secundo ordine, Auct. B. Alex. 14, 3: classem apud Salamina exadversum Athenas,
Nep. Them. 3, 4; cf. id. Alcib. 8, 1:praesidia in Rutenis provincialibus,
Caes. B. G. 7, 7.—Rarely of a single person: se constituere, to station or post one's self: dum se Gallus iterum eodem pacto constituere studet, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 13, 17.—In contrast with a march, to cause to halt:B.paulisper agmen constituit,
Sall. J. 49, 5; so,agmen,
Liv. 35, 28, 8; 38, 25, 12:signa paulisper novitate rei,
id. 33, 10, 3; so,signa,
id. 34, 20, 4.—And trop.:si constituitur aliquando (narratio) ac non istā brevitate percurritur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 328.—With the access. idea of preparation, to set up, erect, establish, found, build, construct, prepare, make, create, constitute (class. and very freq.).1.Lit.:2.genus humanum, quorum omnia causā constituisse deos,
Lucr. 2, 175:aggerem apparare, vineas agere, turres duas constituere coepit,
Caes. B. G. 7, 17:turres,
id. ib. 2, 12:turrim,
id. ib. 2, 30:castella ad extremas fossas,
id. ib. 2, 8:vineas ac testudines,
Nep. Milt. 7, 2:locis certis horrea,
Caes. B. C. 3, 42:inane sepulcrum,
Ov. M. 6, 568:feralis cupressos,
Verg. A. 6, 216:ingentem quercum in tumulo,
id. ib. 11, 6:pyras curvo in litore,
id. ib. 11, 185:quattuor aras ad alta delubra dearum,
id. G. 4, 542; Suet. Aug. 59 fin.:aedem in foro geminis fratribus,
id. Caes. 10:castra Romae,
id. Tib. 37 et saep.:oppidum,
to found, Caes. B. C. 1, 15; Nep. Cim. 2, 2; so,nova moenia,
Verg. A. 12, 194; cf.:moenia in Aside terrā,
Ov. M. 9, 449:domicilium sibi Magnesiae,
Nep. Them. 10, 2:triplex Piraeei portus constitutus est,
id. ib. 6, 1:hiberna omnium legionum in Belgis,
Caes. B. G. 3, 38:di primum homines humo excitatos celsos et erectos constituerunt,
Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 140.—Trop., to bring about, effect, establish, appoint, etc., freq. of judicial determinations, etc.: videte, [p. 438] per deos immortalis, quod jus nobis, quam condicionem vobismet ipsis, quam denique civitati legem constituere velitis, to establish, Cic. Caecin. 14, 40:C.jus melius Sullanis praediis quam paternis,
id. Agr. 3, 3, 10:judicium,
id. Part. Or. 28, 99:judicium de pecuniis repetundis,
id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 11:judicium capitis in se,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 141:controversiam,
id. de Or. 1, 31, 143:quaestionem,
Quint. 3, 11, 17; 4, 2, 10:ratiocinationem,
id. 5, 14, 12:in hac accusatione comparandā constituendāque laborare,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 2; and of persons, to designate, appoint, select, put forward, etc.:accusatorem,
id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; Quint. 3, 10, 3 (cf.:comparare accusatorem,
Cic. Clu. 67, 191):testis,
Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 55:tutores pupillis,
Dig. 2, 1, 1 et saep.:nuper apud C. Orchivium collegam meum locus ab judicibus Fausto Sullae de pecuniis residuis non est constitutus,
no trial of him was permitted, Cic. Clu. 34, 94:reum statim fecit, utique ei locus primus constitueretur impetravit,
id. ib. 20, 56:fidem,
id. Part. Or. 9, 31; cf. id. Sen. 18, 62:concordiam,
id. Att. 8, 11, D, 1:si utilitas amicitiam constituet, tollet eadem,
id. Fin. 2, 24, 78:amicitiam tecum,
Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 7, 27 (cf. id. ib. §25: amicitiae permultae comparantur): libertatem,
Cic. Fl. 11, 25:victoriam,
id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16:pacem (opp. bellum gerere),
id. ib. 8, 22:quantum mali sibi ac liberis suis,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 25, § 65.—With the access. idea of ordering, contriving, to establish, fix, appoint, settle, order, manage; to confirm, regulate, arrange, dispose.1.Lit.:2.Ti. et C. Gracchos plebem in agris publicis constituisse,
to have established, Cic. Agr. 2, 5, 10; cf. id. ib. 2, 31, 83:ibi futuros Helvetios, ubi eos Caesar constituisset,
should assign them a permanent abode, Caes. B. G. 1, 13:reges in civitate,
Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 15; cf. id. Off. 2, 12, 41:Commium regem ibi,
Caes. B. G. 4, 21:decemviralem potestatem in omnibus urbibus,
Nep. Lys. 2, 1; cf. Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 17:curatores legibus agrariis,
id. ib.; cf.:publice patronum huic causae,
id. Mur. 2, 4:regnum alicui,
Nep. Chabr. 2, 1 al.:composita et constituta res publica,
Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 42; cf.:bene morata et bene constituta civitas,
id. Brut. 2, 7; so id. Agr. 2, 5, 10 fin.:civitates,
to organize, id. de Or. 1, 9, 35:quis tibi concesserit... reliquas utilitates in constituendis civitatibus... a disertis ornateque dicentibus esse constitutas,
id. ib. 1, 9, 36:Chersoneso tali modo constituto,
Nep. Milt. 2, 4:res summā aequitate,
id. ib. 2, 2; cf.:rem nummariam,
Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80:rem familiarem,
id. Phil. 11, 2, 4.—Trop.:D.ineuntis aetatis inscitia senum constituenda et regenda prudentiā est,
Cic. Off. 1, 34, 122; cf.:majores vestri majestatis constituendae gratiā bis Aventinum occupavere,
Sall. J. 31, 17; Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 6:jam perfectis constitutisque viribus,
Quint. 10, 1, 57.— Pass. impers.: non tam sinistre constitutum est, ut non, etc., i. e. we are not so badly off as not, etc., Plin. Pan. 45, 5.—Of persons:Athenaeum in maximā apud regem auctoritate gratiāque,
Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 6:aliquem sibi quaestoris in loco,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 77:in potestate aliquem,
Lact. Epit. 55, 6:constituuntur in honoribus, cum magistratus creantur,
Aug. Cont. adv. Leg. 1, 45 al. —With the access. idea of limiting, fixing, allotting, to fix, appoint something ( for or to something), to settle, agree upon, define, determine.1.Lit.:b.propter dissensionem placuerat dividi thesauros finesque imperii singulis constitui,
Sall. J. 12, 1:summum pretium,
Cic. Att. 12, 31, 2; cf.:pretium frumento,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 73, § 171:certam pecuniam proconsulibus,
Suet. Aug. 36; id. Ner. 10:propria loca senatoribus,
id. Claud. 21:diem nuptiis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 180; cf.:nuptias in hunc diem,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 34:diem concilio,
Caes. B. G. 1, 30:diem colloquio,
id. ib. 1, 47:posterum diem pugnae,
id. ib. 3, 23 fin.:negotio proximum diem,
Sall. J. 93, 8:certum tempus ei rei,
Caes. B. C. 3, 19:grandiorem aetatem ad consulatum,
Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 47:tempus in posterum diem locumque,
Liv. 38, 25, 2:postquam ad constitutam non venerat diem,
id. 27, 16, 16:locus, tempus constitutum est,
Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 3:modum credendi,
Cic. Rab. Post. 3, 5: de numero pastorum alii angustius, alii laxius constituunt:ego in octogenas hirtas oves singulos pastores constitui, Atticus in centenas,
Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 10.—T. t. of the lang. of business, to accord, agree with one in a thing, to appoint, fix, to concert, agree upon, assent to (cf. Gron. Obss. p. 14 sq.); constr. aliquid cum aliquo, alicui, inter se, or with acc. only, or absol.(α).Cum aliquo:(β).ubiea dies, quam constituerat cum legatis venit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 8:pactam et constitutam esse cum Manlio diem,
Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 24:constitui cum quodam hospite, Me esse illum conventuram,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 120:constitui cum hominibus, quo die mihi Messanae praesto essent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 27, § 65: cum aliquo, ut, etc., Aug. ap. Suet. Calig. 8; cf. under P. a., B. 2.—Alicui:(γ).L. Cincio HS. XXCD. constitui me curaturum Idibus Febr.,
Cic. Att. 1, 7 init.; id. Off. 1, 10, 32:ubi nocturnae Numa constituebat amicae,
Juv. 3, 12; cf.:sane, inquit, vellem non constituissem, in Tusculanum me hodie venturum esse, Laelio,
id. de Or. 1, 62, 265.—With acc. only or absol.:2.vadimonia constituta,
Cic. Sen. 7, 21:de pecuniā constitutā,
Dig. 13, tit. 5; Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 4:(Vaccenses) compositis inter se rebus in diem tertiam constituunt,
Sall. J. 66, 2:sic constituunt, sic condicunt,
Tac. G. 11; Juv. 6, 487.— Pass. impers.:Avillius, ut erat constitutum, simulat se aegrotare,
Cic. Clu. 13, 37.—Trop.:E.constituendi sunt qui sint in amicitiā fines deligendi,
Cic. Lael. 16, 56:si forte quaereretur quae esset ars imperatoris, constituendum putarem principio, quis esset imperator: qui cum esset constitutus administrator quidam belli gerendi, tum adjungerem, etc. (for which, soon after, definire),
id. de Or. 1, 48, 210; cf. C. 1. supra, and Quint. 12, 1, 1:nondum satis constitui molestiaene plus an voluptatis attulerit mihi Trebatius noster,
Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 1:ut constitueret, honestum esse aliquid quod, etc.,
id. Off. 2, 3, 9:bona possessa non esse constitui,
id. Quint. 29, 89:de hoc Antigonus cum solus constituere non auderet, ad consilium retulit,
Nep. Eum. 12, 1.—With the access. idea of resolving, to determine to do something, to take a resolution, to resolve, decide, determine.(α).With inf.:(β).si quis mare Neptunum Cereremque vocare Constituit fruges,
Lucr. 2, 656:cohortes duas in Nantuatibus collocare,
Caes. B. G. 3, 1:bellum cum Germanis gerere,
id. ib. 4, 6:Romanorum adventum exspectare atque ibi decertare,
id. ib. 4, 19:desciscere a rege,
Nep. Dat. 5, 5.—With acc. and inf.:(γ).audio constitutum esse Pompeio et ejus consilio in Siciliam me mittere,
Cic. Att. 7, 7, 4. —With interrog.-clause:(δ).quantum pecuniae quaeque civitas daret, Aristides delectus est, qui constitueret,
Nep. Arist. 3, 1. —With ut:A.rus uti irem, jam heri constitueram,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 136:constitueram, ut pridie Idus Aquini manerem,
Cic. Att. 16, 10, 1:constituimus inter nos ut ambulationem conficeremus,
id. Fin. 5, 1, 1:Lentulus cum ceteris constituerant, uti, etc.,
Sall. C. 43, 1.—Hence, constĭtūtus, a, um, P. a.Adj. (acc. to B.), constituted, arranged, disposed:2.bene constitutum corpus,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 6, 17:viri sapientes et bene naturā constituti,
id. Sest. 65, 137:quotus quisque philosophorum invenitur, qui sit ita moratus, ita animo ac vitā constitutus, ut ratio postulat,
id. Tusc. 2, 4, 11:qui integri sunt et sani et bene constituti de rebus domesticis,
id. Sest. 45, 97.—(Acc. to C.) Fixed, established:B.cursus siderum,
Quint. 1, 10, 46:discrimina (opp. fortuita),
id. 5, 10, 42:jam confirmatae constitutaeque vocis,
id. 11, 3, 29.—Subst.: constĭtūtum, i, n.1.(Acc. to B.) An institution, ordinance, law (mostly postclass.), Cod. Th. 1, 11, 5; 12, 41, 1.—b.Trop.:2.cum videas ordinem rerum et naturam per constituta procedere,
according to established laws, Sen. Q. N. 3, 16, 2.—(Acc. to D. 1. b.) An agreement, appointment, accommodation; a compact (in good prose):ante rem quaeruntur, quae talia sunt, apparatus, conloquia, locus, constitutum, convivium,
Cic. Top. 12, 52; so absol., id. Att. 11, 16, 2; id. Cael. 8, 20:rescripsit constitutum se cum eo habere,
id. Att. 12, 23, 3:constitutum factum esse cum servis, ut venirent, etc.,
id. Cael. 25, 61; and humorously: si quod constitutum cum podagra habes, fac ut in alium diem differas, id. Fam. 7, 4; so,ad constitutum venire,
Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 1; Cic. Caecin. 12, 33:se proripu it,
Suet. Oth. 6;and without a verb,
Cic. Att. 12, 1, 1; Flor. 2, 6, 16 (but in Vell. 2, 110, 1, the better read. is consili). -
9 frons
1.frons (also anciently fruns; plur. frundes, Enn. Ann. 266 Vahl.; cf. Charis. p. 105 P.—Also in nom. fros or frus, Varr. ib.; Enn. v in the foll.; cf. Prisc. p. 554 P.; and FRONDIS, acc. to Serv. Verg. G. 2, 372), dis, f. [etym. dub.], a leafy branch, green bough, foliage.I.Lit. (class.; in sing. and plur.; syn. folium).(α).Sing.: populea frus, Enn. ap. Aus. Technop. (Edyll. 5) 158 sq. (id. Ann. v. 562 Vahl.):(β).ilignea, quernea,
Cato, R. R. 37, 2:in nemoribus, ubi virgulta et frons multa,
Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 11:bobus praestabit vilicus frondem,
Col. 11, 3, 101: alta frons decidit, Varr. ap. Non. 486, 13:ne caules allii in frondem luxurient,
Plin. 19, 6, 34, § 113:perenni frunde corona,
Lucr. 1, 119:nigrae feraci frondis in Algido,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 58:sine fronde,
Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 75:immaturam destringere,
Quint. 12, 6, 2.—Plur.: russescunt frundes, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 105 P. (Ann. v. 266 Vahl.):II.deserta via et inculta atque interclusa jam frondibus et virgultis relinquatur,
Cic. Cael. 18, 42:viminibus salices fecundi, frondibus ulmi,
Verg. G. 2, 446:frondibus teneris non adhibendam esse falcem,
Quint. 2, 4, 11:bovemque Disjunctum curas et strictis frondibus exples,
Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 28; id. C. 3, 18, 14.—Poet. transf., a garland made of leafy boughs, a garland of leaves, leafy chaplet: donec Alterutrum velox victoria fronde coronet, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 64; so in sing., id. C. 4, 2, 36; id. Ep. 2, 1, 110:2.nos delubra deum festa velamus fronde,
Verg. A. 2, 249; 5, 661; Ov. M. 1, 449; 565; id. A. A. 1, 108.—In plur., Ov. F. 1, 711; 3, 482.frons, frontis, f. ( masc., Cato ap. Gell. 15, 9, 5; and ap. Fest. s. v. recto, p. 286, b, Müll.; Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 46 Ritschl, N. cr.; id. ap. Non. 205, 4; Caecil. ap. Gell. 15, 9, 3; Vitr. 10, 17) [cf. Sanscr. brhū; Gr. ophrus; Germ. Braue; Engl. brow; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 296], the forehead, brow, front (syn.: vultus, os, facies).I.Lit.:2.frons et aliis (animalibus), sed homini tantum tristitiae, hilaritatis, clementiae, severitatis index: in adsensu ejus supercilia homini et pariter et alterna mobilia,
Plin. 11, 37, 51, § 138:tanta erat gravitas in oculo, tanta contractio frontis, ut illo supercilio res publica, tamquam Atlante caelum, niti videretur,
Cic. Sest. 8, 19: frontem contrahere, to contract or knit the brows, id. Clu. 26, 72; Hor. S. 2, 2, 125;for which, adducere,
Sen. Ben. 1, 1:attrahere,
id. ib. 6, 7: remittere frontem, to smooth the brow, i. e. to cheer up, Plin. Ep. 2, 5, 5;for which: exporge frontem,
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 53; cf.:primum ego te porrectiore fronte volo mecum loqui,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 3:explicare,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 16;solvere,
Mart. 14, 183: ut frontem ferias, smitest thy forehead (as a sign of vexation), Cic. Att. 1, 1, 1; cf.:nulla perturbatio animi, nulla corporis, frons non percussa, non femur,
id. Brut. 80, 278:femur, pectus, frontem caedere,
Quint. 2, 12, 10:frontem sudario tergere,
id. 6, 3, 60;for which: siccare frontem sudario,
id. 11, 3, 148:capillos a fronte retroagere,
id. ib. 160:mediam ferro gemina inter tempora frontem Dividit,
Verg. A. 9, 750:quorundam capita per medium frontis et verticis mucrone distincta, in utrumque humerum pendebant,
Amm. 31, 7, 14:insignem tenui fronte Lycorida (a small forehead was regarded as a beauty by the ancients),
Hor. C. 1, 33, 5; cf. id. Ep. 1, 7, 26; Petr. 126; Mart. 4, 42, 9; Arn. 2, 72.—Of the forehead of animals:est bos cervi figura: cujus a media fronte, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 6, 26, 1:tauri torva fronte,
Plin. 8, 45, 70, § 181:equi,
Ov. Tr. 5, 9, 30:ovis,
id. F. 4, 102:cui (haedo) frons turgida cornibus Primis,
Hor. C. 3, 13, 4:(vitulus) Fronte curvatos imitatus ignes lunae,
id. ib. 4, 2, 57.—In plur., Lucr. 5, 1034. —The brow as a mirror of the feelings:3.non solum ex oratione, sed etiam ex vultu et oculis et fronte, ut aiunt, meum erga te amorem perspicere potuisses,
Cic. Att. 14, 13, B, 1; cf. Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 11, 44; and:homines fronte et oratione magis, quam ipso beneficio reque capiuntur,
expression of countenance, id. ib. 12, 46:si verum tum, cum verissima fronte, dixerunt, nunc mentiuntur,
Cic. Rab. Post. 12, 35:haec ipsa fero equidem fronte et vultu bellissime, sed angor intimis sensibus,
id. Att. 5, 10, 3: frons, oculi, vultus persaepe mentiuntur;oratio vero saepissime,
id. Q. F. 1, 1, 5, § 15; cf.:oculi, supercilia, frons, vultus denique totus, qui sermo quidam tacitus mentis est, hic in fraudem homines impulit,
id. Pis. 1, 1; id. Fam. 1, 9, 17:fronte occultare sententiam,
id. Lael. 18, 65:tranquilla et serena,
id. Tusc. 3, 15, 31; cf.:reliquiae pristinae frontis,
id. Fam. 9, 10, 2:laeta,
Verg. A. 6, 862:sollicita,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 16:tristis,
Tib. 2, 3, 33:gravis,
Plin. Pan. 41, 3:humana, lenis, placida,
Sen. Ben. 2, 13:inverecunda,
Quint. 2, 4, 16:proterva,
Hor. C. 2, 5, 16:urbana (i. e. impudens),
id. Ep. 1, 9, 11:impudens, proterva, Aug. Op. imperf. c. Jul. 6, 21: impudentissima,
id. ib. 26; cf.:impudentia frontis,
Hier. adv. Rufin. 1, 7:fronte inverecunda nummos captare,
Val. Max. 8, 2, 2.—In plur.:si populo grata est tabella, quae frontes aperit hominum, mentes tegat,
Cic. Planc. 6, 16.—Prov.:B.frons occipitio prior est,
i. e. better work before the master's face than behind his back, Cato, R. R. 4; Plin. 18, 5, 6, § 31.—Transf1.The forepart of any thing, the front, façade, van (opp. tergum and latus):2.copias ante frontem castrorum struit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 37, 1:aedium,
Vitr. 3, 2:parietum,
id. 2, 8:januae,
Ov. F. 1, 135:scena,
Verg. G. 3, 24:(navium),
id. A. 5, 158:pontis,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 9, 4:collis ex utraque parte lateris dejectus habebat, et in frontem leniter fastigatus, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 2, 8; 7, 23: intervallum justum arborum quadrageni pedes in terga frontemque, in latera viceni, Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 202; cf. Quint. 1, 10, 43:octo cohortes in fronte constituit,
Sall. C. 59, 2:quatuor legionum aquilae per frontem,
Tac. H. 2, 89:una fronte contra hostem castra muniunt,
only in front, Caes. B. C. 1, 80, 2 Herz.:aequa fronte ad pugnam procedebat,
Liv. 36, 44, 1:nec tamen aequari frontes poterant, cum extenuando infirmam mediam aciem haberent,
id. 5, 38, 2:recta fronte concurrere hosti (opp. in dextrum cornu),
Curt. 4, 13 med.; cf.:directa fronte pugnandum est,
Quint. 5, 13, 11:veritus ne simul in frontem simul et latera suorum pugnaretur,
Tac. Agr. 35:transisse aestuaria pulchrum ac decorum in frontem (i. e. fronti),
for the front, the van, id. ib. 33: dextra fronte prima legio incessit, on the right front, i. e. on the right wing, id. H. 2, 24 fin.:laeva,
Claud. in Ruf. 2, 174; cf.:frons laevi cornu haec erat,
Curt. 4, 13 fin. — Poet. transf., of clouds:ut non tam concurrere nubes Frontibus adversis possint quam de latere ire,
Lucr. 6, 117;of a precipice: Fronte sub adversa scopulis pendentibus antrum,
Verg. A. 1, 166.—Esp. freq.: a fronte, in front, before (opp. a tergo and a latere):a tergo, a fronte, a lateribus tenebitur, si in Galliam venerit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 13, 32:a fronte atque ab utroque latere cratibus ac pluteis protegebat,
Caes. B. C. 1, 25 fin.:totis fere a fronte et ab sinistra parte nudatis castris,
id. B. G. 2, 23, 4. —The outer end of a book-roll or volume, Tib. 3, 1, 13; Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 11.—3.The circumference of a wheel, Vitr. 10, 4.—4.In measuring land = latitudo, the breadth:II.mille pedes in fronte, trecentos cippus in agrum Hic dabat,
Hor. S. 1, 8, 12; Inscr. Orell. 4558; 4560.—Trop.A.The outside, exterior, external quality, appearance (cf. species and facies;B.mostly post-Aug.): Pompeius Scauro studet: sed utrum fronte an mente, dubitatur,
Cic. Att. 4, 15, 7:plus habet in recessu, quam fronte promittat,
Quint. 1, 4, 2; 11, 1, 61; cf.:frons causae non satis honesta,
id. 4, 1, 42 Spald.:decipit Frons prima multos,
the first appearance, Phaedr. 4, 2, 6; cf.:dura primā fronte quaestio,
Quint. 7, 1, 56:ex prima statim fronte dijudicare imprudentium est,
id. 12, 7, 8.—The character or feelings expressed by the brow.1.Poet. in partic., shame:2.exclamet perisse Frontem de rebus,
Pers. 5, 104 (for which:clament periisse pudorem,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 80).— -
10 relinquo
rĕ-linquo, līqui, lictum, 3, v. a.I.(With the idea of the re predominating.) To leave behind (cf. desero, omitto).A.In gen., to leave behind by removing one's self; to leave, move away from; to leave, abandon (a person or thing).1.Lit.:2.puerum apud matrem domi,
Plaut. Men. prol. 28:ipse abiit foras, me reliquit pro atriensi in sedibus,
id. Poen. 5, 5, 4:me filiis Relinquont quasi magistrum,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 22:dicerent non me plane de provinciā decessisse, quoniam alterum me reliquissem,
Cic. Fam. 2, 15, 4:C. Fabium legatum cum legionibus II. castris praesidio relinquit,
Caes. B. G. 7, 40:cum me servum in servitute pro te hic reliqueris,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 75; cf. id. ib. 5, 1, 18:fratrem, sc. in provinciā,
Cic. Fam. 2, 15, 4:post tergum hostem relinquere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 22; cf. id. ib. 7, 11:ille omnibus precibus petere contendit, ut in Galliā relinqueretur,
might be left behind, id. ib. 5, 6:greges pecorum... sub opacā valle reliquit,
Ov. M. 11, 277 et saep.:ea causa miles hic reliquit symbolum,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 53:hic exemplum reliquit ejus,
id. ib. 2, 2, 56:(Hecuba) Hectoris in tumulo canum de vertice crinem... relinquit,
leaves behind, Ov. M. 13, 428:(cacumina silvae) limum tenent in fronde relictum,
left behind, remaining, id. ib. 1, 347.— To leave behind one's self by moving away:longius delatus aestu, sub sinistrā Britanniam relictam conspexit,
Caes. B. G. 5, 8:jamque hos, jamque illos, populo mirante, relinquit,
Sil. 16, 503; cf. in pass., to remain or be left behind, Lucr. 5, 626.—Trop.: hanc eram ipsam excusationem relicturus ad Caesarem, was about to leave behind me just this excuse (for my departure), Cic. Att. 9, 6, 1:B.aculeos in animis,
id. Brut. 9, 38:quod coeptum est dici, relinquitur in cogitatione audientium,
Auct. Her. 4, 30, 41:aetate relictā,
Ov. M. 7, 170:repetat relicta,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 97.—Of rank or merit: (Homerus) omnes sine dubio et in omni genere eloquentiae procul a se reliquit,
Quint. 10, 1, 51.—In partic.1. a.Lit.:b.ea mortua est: reliquit filiam adulescentulam,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 41:cum pauper cum duobus fratribus relictus essem,
Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 2; cf.:pauper jam a majoribus relictus,
Nep. Epam. 2, 1:agri reliquit ei non magnum modum,
Plaut. Aul. prol. 13:heredem testamento reliquit hunc P. Quintium,
Cic. Quint. 4, 15:cum ei testamento sestertiūm milies relinquatur,
id. Off. 3, 24, 93:non, si qui argentum omne legavit, videri potest signatam quoque pecuniam reliquisse,
Quint. 5, 11, 33:qui mihi reliquit haec quae habeo omnia,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 40:cedo, quid reliquit Phania,
id. Hec. 3, 5, 8 and 13:fundos decem et tres reliquit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 7, 20:aliquantum aeris alieni,
id. Quint. 4, 15:servus aut donatus aut testamento relictus,
Quint. 5, 10, 67:alicui arva, greges, armenta,
Ov. M. 3, 585:se testamento liberum relictum,
Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 16.—Trop., to leave, leave behind one:2.consiliorum ac virtutum nostrarum effigiem,
Cic. Arch. 12, 30:qui sic sunt, haud multum heredem juvant, Sibi vero hanc laudem relinquont: vixit, dum vixit, bene,
Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 11:rem publicam nobis,
Cic. Rep. 1, 46, 70; cf.:statum civitatis,
id. ib. 1, 21, 34; id. Par. 1, 2, 10:opus alicui,
id. Rep. 1, 22, 35: memoriam [p. 1558] aut brevem aut nullam, id. Off. 2, 16, 55:monumentum audaciae suae aeternum,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 49, § 129:quae scripta nobis summi ex Graeciā sapientissimique homines reliquerunt,
id. Rep. 1, 22, 35:scriptum in Originibus,
id. Brut. 19, 75:scripta posteris,
Quint. 1, praef. 1:in scriptis relictum,
Cic. de Or. 2, 46, 194:orationes reliquit et annales,
id. Brut. 27, 106:duo tantum volumina,
Suet. Gram. 7:librum de suis rebus imperfectum,
id. ib. 12; cf.:si non omnia vates Ficta reliquerunt,
Ov. M. 13, 734:pater, o relictum Filiae nomen,
Hor. C. 3, 27, 34.—To leave a thing behind; to leave remaining; to allow or permit to remain, to let remain, leave; pass., to be left, to remain.a.Lit.:b.nihil relinquo in aedibus, Nec vas, nec vestimentum,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 88:multis autem non modo granum nullum, sed ne paleae quidem ex omni fructu atque ex annuo labore relinquerentur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 114:nihil de tanto patrimonio,
id. Rosc. Am. 3, 10:equitatus partem illi adtribuit, partem sibi reliquit,
Caes. B. G. 7, 34:angustioribus portis relictis,
id. ib. 7, 70;41: unam (filiam) minimamque relinque,
leave to me, Ov. M. 6, 299:jam pauca aratro jugera regiae Moles relinquent,
Hor. C. 2, 15, 2:dapis meliora relinquens,
id. S. 2, 6, 89:magis apta tibi tua dona relinquam,
id. Ep. 1, 7, 43:haec porcis hodie comedenda relinquis,
id. ib. 1, 7, 19; cf.:habitanda fana Apris reliquit,
id. Epod. 16, 20:relinquebatur una per Sequanos via,
remained, Caes. B. G. 1, 9; cf.:unā ex parte leniter acclivis aditus relinquebatur,
id. ib. 2, 29:se cum paucis relictum videt,
Sall. C. 60, 7:nec aliud dicionis Atheniensium praeter ipsam urbem reliquit,
Just. 5, 7, 3.—Trop.:3.quasi corpori reliqueris Tuo potestatem coloris ulli capiendi mala,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 37:quam igitur relinquis populari rei publicae laudem?
Cic. Rep. 3, 35, 48:ut vobis non modo dignitatis retinendae, sed ne libertatis quidem recuperandae spes relinquatur,
id. Agr. 1, 6, 17:ceterorum sententiis semotis, relinquitur non mihi cum Torquato, sed virtuti cum voluptate certatio,
id. Fin. 2, 14, 44; cf.:ne qua spes in fugā relinqueretur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 51:nullā provocatione ad populum contra necem et verbera relicta,
Cic. Rep. 2, 37, 62; Hor. S. 1, 10, 51:quis igitur relictus est objurgandi locus?
Ter. And. 1, 1, 127; cf.:nihil est preci loci relictum,
id. ib. 3, 4, 22; id. Phorm. 3, 3, 14;and, in another sense: plane nec precibus nostris nec admonitionibus relinquit locum,
i. e. he leaves no occasion for them, renders them superfluous, Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 2:ne cui iniquo relinqueremus vituperandi locum,
id. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 1:Aedui nullum sibi ad cognoscendum spatium relinquunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 42:spatium deliberandi,
Nep. Eun, 12, 3:vita turpis ne morti quidem honestae locum relinquit,
Cic. Quint. 15, 49; Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 33; cf. Cic. Brut. 72, 253 (v. Bernhardy ad loc.):vita relicta est tantum modo,
Ov. P. 4, 16, 49:quod munitioni castrorum tempus relinqui volebat,
Caes. B. G. 5, 9 fin.:mihi consilium et virtutis vestrae regimen relinquite,
Tac. H. 1, 84:suspicionem alicui relinquere,
Suet. Caes. 86:aliquem veniae vel saevitiae alicujus,
Tac. H. 1, 68 fin.:aliquem poenae,
Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 20:aliquem poenae,
Ov. M. 7, 41: leto, poenaeque, id. id. 14, 217; cf.:urbem direptioni et incendiis,
to give up, surrender, abandon, Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 2:neu relinquas hominem innocentem ad alicujus tui dissimilis quaestum,
do not leave, id. ib. 13, 64:aliquid in alicujus spe,
id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 26; cf. id. ib. 4, 16. — Poet., with obj.-clause:(metus) Omnia suffundens mortis nigrore, neque ullam Esse voluptatem liquidam puramque relinquit,
Lucr. 3, 40; 1, 703; Ov. M. 14, 100:dum ex parvo nobis tantundem haurire relinquas,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 52; Sil. 3, 708: nihil relinquitur nisi fuga, there is nothing left, nothing remains, but, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 10, 6:relinquitur illud, quod vociferari non destitit, non debuisse, etc.,
Cic. Fl. 34, 85; cf.:mihi nihil relicti quicquam aliud jam esse intellego,
Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 81.— Impers. relinquitur, with ut (Zumpt, Gram. §621): relinquitur, ut, si vincimur in Hispaniā, quiescamus,
it remains, that, Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2; cf.: relinquebatur, ut neque longius ab agmine legionum discedi Caesar pateretur, Caes. B. G. 5, 19 fin. — In a logical conclusion: relinquitur ergo, ut omnia tria genera sint causarum, hence it follows that, etc., Cic. Inv. 1, 9, 12; id. Div. 2, 5, 14.—With double predicate, to leave a thing behind in a certain state; to leave, let remain, suffer to be, etc.:II.eum Plautus locum Reliquit integrum,
has left untouched, Ter. Ad. prol. 10:praesertim cum integram rem et causam reliquerim,
have left unaltered, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 13; cf.:Scaptius me rogat, ut rem sic relinquam,
id. ib. 5, 21, 13, §12: Morini, quos Caesar in Britanniam proficiscens pacatos reliquerat,
Caes. B. G. 4, 37; cf.:amici, quos incorruptos Jugurtha reliquerat,
Sall. J. 103, 2:reliquit (eam) Incertam et tristi turbatam volnere mentis,
Verg. A. 12, 160:(naves) in litore deligatas ad ancoram relinquebat,
Caes. B. G. 5, 9:erat aeger in praesidio relictus,
id. ib. 6, 38:in mediis lacerā nave relinquor aquis,
Ov. P. 2, 3, 28:quod insepultos reliquissent eos, quos, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 4, 8, 26; 2, 11, 21:aliquid incohatum,
id. ib. 1, 35, 55; cf.:inceptam oppugnationem,
to give up, abandon, quit, Caes. B. G. 7, 17:incoepta fila,
Ov. M. 6, 34:infecta sacra,
id. ib. 6, 202:opus incoeptum,
id. A. A. 2, 78:verba imperfecta,
id. H. 13, 13:pro effectis relinquunt, vixdum incohata,
Quint. 5, 13, 34:aliquid injudicatum,
id. 10, 1, 67:aliquid neglectum,
id. 1, 1, 29:incertum,
id. 2, 10, 14:tantas copias sine imperio,
Caes. B. G. 7, 20 init.; cf.:sine ture aras,
Ov. M. 8, 277:verbum in ambiguo,
Lucr. 4, 1137:mulierem nullam nominabo: tantum in medio relinquam,
Cic. Cael. 20, 48; cf.:correptio in dubio relicta,
Quint. 7, 9, 13.(With the idea of the verb predominant.) To leave behind one, to leave, go away from; to forsake, abandon, desert a person or thing.A.In gen.1.Lit.:2.ubi illaec obsecrost quae me hic reliquit,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 32: relinquamus nebulonem hunc, Scip. Afr. ap. Gell. 4, 18, 3; cf.:non ego te hic lubens relinquo neque abeo abs te,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 33:domum propinquosque reliquisse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44; cf. id. ib. 1, 30:relictis locis superioribus,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 36:loci relinquendi facultas,
Caes. B. G. 3, 4 fin.:Ilio relicto,
Hor. C. 1, 10, 14:urbes,
id. ib. 2, 20, 5:moenia,
id. Epod. 17, 13:litus relictum Respicit,
Ov. M. 2, 873:Roma relinquenda est,
id. Tr. 1, 3, 62:colles clamore relinqui (sc.: a bubus),
were left behind, Verg. A. 8, 216 Wagn.:limen,
id. ib. 5, 316:mensas,
id. ib. 3, 213:dominos,
Cat. 61, 51:volucres Ova relinquebant,
Lucr. 5, 802 et saep.—Trop.: me somnu' reliquit, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 52 Vahl.); cf.:B.quem vita reliquit,
Lucr. 5, 63: reliquit aliquem vita, for to die, Ov. M. 11, 327:ubi vita tuos reliquerit artus,
id. Ib. 339;for which, also, reversely: animam relinquam potius, quam illas deseram,
Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 52; so,vitam,
Verg. G. 3, 547; cf. Tac. A. 4, 34:lucem,
Verg. A. 4, 452:lumen vitale,
Ov. M. 14, 175:consitus sum senectute, vires Reliquere,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 6:aliquem animus,
id. Mil. 4, 8, 37; Caes. B. G. 6, 38:animus reliquit euntem,
Ov. M. 10, 459:aliquem anima,
Nep. Eum. 4, 2:ab omni honestate relictus,
abandoned, destitute of, Cic. Rab. Perd. 8, 23:ab alterā (quartanā) relictum esse,
id. Att. 8, 6, 3; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 290.—In partic., pregn., to leave in the lurch; to forsake, abandon, desert, etc. (v. desero, destituo, prodo).1.Lit.:2.qui... Reliquit deseruitque me,
has forsaken me, has given me the slip, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 45; cf.:reliquit me homo atque abiit,
Ter. And. 4, 4, 5:succurrere relictae,
Verg. A. 9, 290.—Of the forsaking of a lover by his mistress,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 64; Tib. 3, 6, 40; Prop. 1, 6, 8; Ov. H. 10, 80; id. M. 8, 108:paucos, qui ex fugā evaserant, reliquerunt,
i. e. let them escape, Caes. B. G. 3, 19. — Of things, to leave, give up, abandon, etc.:argentum si relinquo ac non peto, etc.,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 31:auctores signa relinquendi et deserendi castra,
Liv. 5, 6; cf.:relictā non bene parmulā,
Hor. C. 2, 7, 10.—Trop., to leave, let alone, give up, resign, neglect, forsake, abandon, relinquish:rem et causam et utilitatem communem non relinquere solum, sed etiam prodere,
Cic. Caecin. 18, 50 (for which:derelinquo jam communem causam,
id. ib. 35, 103):jus suum dissolute,
id. ib. 36, 103:affectum, cum ad summum perduxerimus,
Quint. 6, 1, 29:(puella) Quod cupide petiit, mature plena reliquit,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 100: eum rogato, ut relinquat alias res et huc veniat, to leave or lay aside every thing else, Plaut. Rud. 4, 6, 8; cf.:omnibus relictis rebus,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 6; so,relictis rebus (omnibus),
id. Ep. 4, 2, 35; id. Truc. 2, 1, 25; Ter. And. 2, 5, 1; id. Eun. 1, 2, 86; id. Heaut. 4, 7, 12; Lucr. 3, 1071; Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 51; Caes. B. C. 3, 102; cf.also: res omnes relictas habeo prae quod tu velis,
Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 38:omnia relinques, si me amabis, cum, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 2, 14:et agrorum et armorum cultum,
to give up, abandon, neglect, id. Rep. 2, 4, 7:si tu ea relinquis et deseris,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 36, § 80:studium exquirendi,
id. Ac. 1, 3, 7:agrum alternis annis,
to suffer to lie fallow, Varr. R. R. 1, 44, 3:loca relicta,
uncultivated, wild lands, Front. Limit. p. 42 Goes.; so,relictae possessiones,
Cic. Agr. 1, 1, 3:milites bellum illud, quod erat in manibus, reliquisse,
abandoned, relinquished, id. Rep. 2, 37, 63; cf. possessionem, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:obsidionem,
to raise the siege, Liv. 5, 48:caedes relinquo, libidines praetereo,
leave unmentioned, Cic. Prov. Cons. 3, 6:consulto relinquere (locum), opp. praetermittere,
id. Off. 3, 2, 9; cf.:hoc certe neque praetermittendum neque relinquendum est,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 18; and:audistis haec, judices, quae nunc ego omnia praetereo et relinquo,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 44, § 106;in this sense also,
id. Brut. 45, 165; cf. id. ib. 19, 76; Hor. A. P. 150:cur injurias tuas conjunctas cum publicis reliquisti?
left unnoticed, uncensured, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 33, § 84; cf.:vim et causam efficiendi reliquerunt,
id. Fin. 1, 6, 18:vos legatum omni supplicio interfectum relinquetis?
id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 11:quis est, qui vim hominibus armatis factam relinqui putet oportere,
id. Caecin. 3, 9.— Poet., with obj.clause:quod si plane contueare, mirari multa relinquas,
leave off, cease, Lucr. 6, 654. -
11 remitto
rĕ-mitto, mīsi, missum, 3, v. a. and n.I.Act., to let go back, send back, despatch back, drive back, cause to return (class. and very freq.; cf. reddo).A.Lit.1.In gen.: Al. Redde mihi illam (filiam)... Non remissura es mihi illam?... non remittes? Me. Non remittam! Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 29 sq.:b.a legione omnes remissi sunt domum Thebis,
id. Ep. 2, 2, 22:aliquem domum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 43 fin.; 4, 21; 7, 4 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 27 fin.:mulieres Romam,
Cic. Att. 7, 23, 2:paucos in regnum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 44:Fabium cum legione in sua hiberna,
id. B. G. 5, 53:partem legionum in sua castra,
id. B. C. 3, 97:ad parentes aliquem nuntium,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 15:aliquem ad aliquem,
id. Cas. 2, 8, 1; Cic. Fam. 16, 5, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 24; 26:obsides alicui,
id. B. G. 3, 8 fin.; Lucil. ap. Lact. 5, 14:is argentum huc remisit,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 69:librum tibi remisi,
Cic. Att. 9, 9, 2: pila intercepta, to cast or hurl back, Caes. B. G. 2, 27; so,tractum de corpore telum,
Ov. M. 5, 95:epistulam ad aliquem,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 43:litteras Caesari,
Caes. B. G. 5, 47; cf.:scripta ad eum mandata per eos,
id. B. C. 1, 10:naves ad aliquem,
id. B. G. 5, 23; so,naves,
id. B. C. 1, 27:obsides,
id. B. G. 3, 8; 3, 29:nonne vides etiam, quantā vi tigna trabesque Respuat umor aquae?.. Tam cupide sursum revomit magis atque remittit,
drives back, Lucr. 2, 199; so,aquas longe (cautes),
Sen. Hippol. 583:calces (equi),
i. e. kick out behind, Nep. Eum. 5, 5.—To send forth from itself, give out, yield:2.ut melius muriā, quam testa marina remittit,
gives forth, yields, Hor. S. 2, 8, 53:muriam,
Col. 12, 9 init.:minimum seri,
id. 12, 13:umorem (humus),
id. 12, 15 init.:aeruginem (vasa aenea),
id. 12, 20, 2:nec umenti sensit tellure remitti (nebulas),
Ov. M. 1, 604:umorem ex se ipsa remittit,
Verg. G. 2, 218:quod baca remisit olivae,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 69:sanguinem e pulmone,
Ov. P. 1, 3, 19.—In partic.a.To let go back, to loosen, slacken, relax any thing strained, bound, rigid, etc. (syn. relaxo;b. c.opp. intendo, adduco): in agro ambulanti ramulum adductum, ut remissus esset, in oculum suum recidisse,
Cic. Div. 1, 54, 123; cf.:habenas vel adducere vel remittere,
id. Lael. 13, 45:frena,
Ov. M. 2, 191 (opp. retinere);6, 228: lora,
id. ib. 2, 200; id. Am. 3, 2, 14; cf.:vela pennarum,
Lucr. 6, 743:ira contractis, hilaritas remissis (superciliis) ostenditur,
Quint. 11, 3, 79:quattuor remissis (digitis) magis quam tensis,
id. 11, 3, 99:digitis,
Ov. H. 19, 197:remissis,
id. M. 4, 229: junctasque manus remisit;vinclis remissis, etc.,
i. e. to loose, id. ib. 9, 314 sq.:digitum contrahens ac remittens,
Plin. 11, 26, 32, § 94: bracchia, i. e. to let sink or fall down, Verg. G. 1, 202: remissas manus, sinking or failing, Vulg. Heb. 12, 12:frigore mella Cogit hiems eademque calor liquefacta remittit,
dissolves again, melts, Verg. G. 4, 36; cf.:cum se purpureo vere remittit humus,
opens again, thaws, Tib. 3, 5, 4:vere remissus ager,
Ov. F. 4, 126. —Jurid. t. t.: remittere nuntium or repudium, to send a bill of divorce, to dissolve a marriage or betrothal; v. nuntius and repudium.—B.Trop.1.In gen., to send back, give back, return, restore, dismiss, remove, etc.:2.(specula) simulacra remittunt,
Lucr. 4, 337 Lachm.:vocem late nemora alta remittunt,
Verg. A. 12, 929; cf.:totidemque remisit Verba locus,
Ov. M. 3, 500:chorda sonum... remittit acutum (with reddere),
Hor. A. P. 349:vos me imperatoris nomine appellavistis: cujus si vos paenitet, vestrum vobis beneficium remitto, mihi meum restituite nomen,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:quin etiam ipsis (imperium) remittere,
id. B. G. 7, 20: integram causam ad senatum remittit, refers, Tac. A. 3, 10:a quibus appellatum erit, si forte ad eosdem remittemur,
Quint. 11, 1, 76; 12, 10, 21:veniam,
to return, repay, Verg. A. 4, 436:quae nisi respuis ex animo longeque remittis,
Lucr. 6, 68; cf.:opinionem animo,
to dismiss, reject, cast off, Cic. Clu. 2, 6:si quid ab omnibus conceditur, id reddo ac remitto,
resign it, id. Sull. 30, 84:utramque provinciam remitto, exercitum depono,
id. Phil. 8, 8, 25:Galliam togatam,
id. ib. 8, 9, 27.—In partic.a.(Acc. to I A. 2. a.) To slacken, relax, relieve, release, abate, remit (freq. and class.):(β).omnes sonorum tum intendens tum remittens persequetur gradus,
Cic. Or. 18, 59; cf.:(sonorum vis) tum remittit animos, tum contrahit,
id. Leg. 2, 15, 38: quaero enim non quibus intendam rebus animum, sed quibus relaxem ac remittam, relieve, recreate, refresh, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 383, 23:ut requiescerem curamque animi remitterem,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 61, § 137:animum per dies festos licentius,
Liv. 27, 31; and in a like sense with se, Nep. Alcib. 1 fin.;and mid.: mirum est, ut opusculis animus intendatur remittaturque,
Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 13:animos a contentione pugnae,
Liv. 5, 41:animos a certamine,
id. 9, 12:animos a religione,
id. 5, 25; cf.:nihil apud milites remittitur a summo certamine,
id. 6, 24, 10:superioris temporis contentionem,
Caes. B. C. 2, 14 fin.; cf. Cic. Brut. 55, 202:diligentiam in perdiscendo ac memoriam,
Caes. B. G. 6, 14; cf.:curam et diligentiam remittunt,
id. B. C. 2, 13:summum illud suum studium remisit,
Cic. Brut. 93, 320:ea studia remissa temporibus revocavi,
id. Tusc. 1, 1, 1:belli opera,
Liv. 30, 3:bellum,
id. 30, 23:pugnam,
Sall. J. 60, 3 al.:urguent tamen et nihil remittunt,
Cic. Fin. 4, 28, 77: equites petere ut sibi laxaret aliquid laboris;quibus ille, ne nihil remissum dicatis, remitto, etc.,
Liv. 9, 16:cottidie aliquid iracundiae remittebat,
Cic. Phil. 8, 6, 19; cf. id. Att. 10, 4, 2:aliquid de suo,
id. Rab. Post. 11, 31:horam de meis legitimis horis,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 9, § 25:aliquid de severitate cogendi,
id. Phil. 1, 5, 12; 13, 17, 36:nihil de saevitiā,
Tac. A. 6, 25 al.; cf. Caes. B. C. 3, 17:ex eo, quod ipse potest in dicendo, aliquantum remittet,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 48:aliquid ex pristinā virtute,
Caes. B. C. 3, 28:aliquid ex curā verborum,
Quint. 10, 7, 22; 7, 1, 22.—With ellipsis of aliquid, etc.:illum viris fortissimis remittere de summā non potuisse, te mulieri deterrimae recte remississe, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 35, § 82; Liv. 4, 43, 11:de voluntate nihil,
Cic. Brut. 5, 17:nihil e solito luxu,
Tac. H. 3, 55:nihil ex arrogantiā,
id. Agr. 27 al. — Impers.:tum aequo animo remittendum de celeritate existumabat,
Caes. B. G. 5, 49.—With inf., to cease, leave off, omit to do any thing (rare;(γ).not in Cic. or Cæs.): si cogites, remittas jam me onerare injuriis,
Ter. And. 5, 1, 8:neque remittit quid ubique hostis ageret explorare,
Sall. J. 52, 5; cf.:quid bellicosus Cantaber cogitet, remittas Quaerere,
Hor. C. 2, 11, 3.—With se, or mid., to relax, abate:(δ).ubi dolor et inflammatio se remiserunt,
Cels. 4, 24 fin.; cf.:cum se furor ille remisit,
Ov. H. 4, 51:quae (febres) certum habent circuitum et ex toto remittuntur,
Cels. 3, 12; cf. under II.—Mid., to recreate one ' s self:(ε).eundem, cum scripsi, eundem etiam cum remittor, lego,
Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 7; cf.:fas est et carmine remitti,
id. ib. 7, 9, 9; cf.supra: animus remittatur,
id. ib. 7, 9, 13.—To give free course to (opp. continere):b.animi appetitus, qui tum remitterentur, tum continerentur,
Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 34.—With respect to a person, to free one from any thing; to give up, grant, forgive, yield, resign, concede, surrender, sacrifice a thing to any one (= concedere, condonare); with acc. of the offence:(β).Tranioni remitte quaeso hanc noxiam causā meā,
Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 47:injuriam,
Sall. H. 3, 61, 2 Dietsch:quare tum cito senex ille remisit injuriam?
Sen. Contr. 2, 11, 1:ut ex animo tibi volens omne delictum remittam,
App. M. 3, p. 137, 29; so freq. in late Lat., to remit, forgive a sin or offence:peccata,
Vulg. Matt. 9, 2:blasphemia,
id. ib. 12, 31:cogitationem,
id. Act. 8, 22. — Freq. with acc. of the penalty:multam,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:poenam alicui,
Liv. 40, 10, 9: ipso remittente Verginio ultimam poenam, id. 3, 59, 10; 8, 35, 1:omnia tibi ista concedam et remittam,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 9, § 22; cf. id. Ac. 2, 33, 106; and:alicui remittere atque concedere, ut, etc.,
id. Planc. 30, 73: meam animadversionem et suppli cium... remitto tibi et condono, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 10, 2:quod natura remittit, Invida jura negant,
Ov. M. 10, 330:si per populum Romanum stipendium remittatur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44:pecunias, quas erant in publicum Varroni cives Romani polliciti, remittit,
id. B. C. 2, 21; cf. Liv. 42, 53: aedes (venditas) alicui, to give up, resign a purchase, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 111:tempus vobis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11, § 30:ut patria tantum nobis in nostrum privatum usum, quantum ipsi superesse posset, remitteret,
id. Rep. 1, 4, 8:navem imperare debuisti ex foedere: remisisti in triennium: militem nullum umquam poposcisti per tot annos,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 21:tibi remittunt omnes istam voluptatem et eā se carere patiuntur,
resign that pleasure to you, id. de Or. 1, 58, 246:ut memoriam simultatium patriae remitteret,
sacrifice to his country, Liv. 9, 38; cf.:privata odia publicis utilitatibus remittere,
Tac. A. 1, 10:ut sibi poenam magistri equitum remitteret (dictator),
that he would remit for their sake, Liv. 8, 35:dictator consulibus in senatu magnifice conlaudatis et suarum quoque rerum illis remisso honore, dictaturā se abdicavit,
having been resigned in their favor, id. 7, 11:jus ipsi remittent,
will abandon their claim, id. 6, 18, 7.— Absol.:remittentibus tribunis plebis comitia per interregem sunt habita,
withdrawing their opposition, Liv. 6, 36, 3:de tributo remiserunt,
id. 5, 12, 13; cf. Tac. A. 1, 8:si hoc ipsi remitti vellent, remitterent ipsi de maritumis custodiis,
Caes. B. C. 3, 17.—Poet., with inf., to allow, permit:II.sed mora damnosa est nec res dubitare remittit,
Ov. M. 11, 376; cf.:(Fides) occulte saevire vetat, prodesse remittit,
Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 37. —Neutr., to decrease, abate (very rare, but class.):A.si forte ventus remisisset,
Caes. B. C. 3, 26:imbres,
Liv. 40, 33, 4:pestilentia,
id. 2, 34, 6:cum remiserant dolores pedum,
Cic. Brut. 34, 130; cf.:si remittent quippiam Philumenae dolores,
Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 14:tumor remittens,
Cels. 7, 18:vapor calidus primo non remittit propter levitatem,
does not sink, Vitr. 8, 2.— Hence, rĕmissus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. A. 2. a.), slack, loose, relaxed, languid (opp. contentus, contendere):membra,
Lucr. 5, 852.Lit.:B. 1.ut onera contentis corporibus facilius feruntur, remissis opprimunt,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 54; cf.:vox, ut nervi, quo remissior, hoc gravior et plenior,
Quint. 11, 3, 42:ridens Venus et remisso Filius arcu,
Hor. C. 3, 27, 67:ammoniacum,
i. e. liquid, Pall. 1, 41, 2; cf.adeps,
Veg. 1, 11, 4. —Mild, gentle, soft, indulgent, cheerful, good-humored, gay, etc. (syn.:2.lenis, mitis, dulcis): remissior ventus,
Caes. B. C. 3, 26:remissiora frigora,
id. B. G. 5, 12 fin.:cantūs remissiores,
Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 254; cf.:tum intentis tum remissis modis,
Quint. 11, 3, 17:si me non improbissime Dolabella tractasset, dubitassem fortasse, utrum remissior essem, an summo jure contenderem,
Cic. Att. 16, 15, 1:in eo sermone non remissi sumus,
id. Fin. 3, 1, 2:remissus et subridens,
Tac. Or. 11 init.:nisi magistratus valde lenes et remissi sint,
Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 66:in ulciscendo remissior,
id. Red. ad Quir. 7, 23:animus (with lenis),
id. de Or. 2, 46, 193; cf.:remississimo ad otium et ad omnem comitatem animo,
i. e. most prone, Suet. Aug. 98:remissus et mitis,
Plin. Ep. 3, 14, 5:cum tristibus severe, cum remissis jucunde vivere,
Cic. Cael. 6, 13; cf. Suet. Galb. 14; id. Claud. 21:decorus est sermo senis quietus et remissus,
Cic. Sen. 9, 28:remissius genus dicendi,
id. Sest. 54, 115:amicitia remissior esse debet et liberior et dulcior,
id. Lael. 18, 66; cf.affectus,
Quint. 10, 1, 73:egressiones dulces et remissae,
id. 11, 3, 164: joci, gay, merry (opp. curae graves), Ov. M. 3, 319; cf.:remissiores hilarioresque sermones,
Suet. Tib. 21:opus,
Ov. Tr. 2, 547. —Slack, negligent, remiss (syn. languidus):b.esse remisso ac languido animo,
Caes. B. C. 1, 21; cf.:nostris languentibus atque animo remissis,
id. ib. 2, 14: dolus Numidarum [p. 1563] nihil languidi neque remissi patiebatur, i. e. no negligence, Sall. J. 53, 6; 88, 2:in labore,
Nep. Iphic. 3, 1:oderunt agilem gnavumque remissi,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 90:remissior in petendo,
Cic. Mur. 26, 52:vita remissior,
Suet. Tib. 52.—Lower, cheaper:remissior aliquanto ejus fuit aestimatio quam annona,
below the market price, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 92, § 214. — Hence, adv.: rĕ-missē (acc. to B. 1.), gently, mildly (with leniter, urbane;opp. severe, graviter, vehementer, etc.),
Cic. de Or. 3, 26, 102; id. Cael. 14, 33; Col. 1, 8, 10; Quint. 10, 2, 23; 12, 10, 71; Suet. Claud. 30.— Comp., Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255; id. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 76; Quint. 9, 2, 91.— Sup. is not found. -
12 statuo
stătŭo, ui, utum, 3, v. a. [statum, sup. of sto], to cause to stand (cf.: colloco, pono).I.Corporeally.A. 1.To set up, set in the ground, erect:2.ibi arbores pedicino in lapide statuito,
Cato, R. R. 18:inter parietes arbores ubi statues,
id. ib.:stipites statuito,
id. ib.:palis statutis crebris,
Varr. R. R. 1, 14 init.:pedamenta jacentia statuenda,
are to be raised, Col. 4, 26:pedamentum inter duas vitis,
Plin. 17, 22, 21, § 194:hic statui volo primum aquilam,
the standard of the troops, Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 7:signifer, statue signum,
plant the ensign, Liv. 5, 55, 1; Val. Max. 1, 5, 1.—To plant (rare):3. a.eodem modo vineam statuito, alligato, flexatoque uti fuerit,
Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 198:agro qui statuit meo Te, triste lignum (i. e. arborem),
Hor. C. 2, 13, 10.—Without specifying the place:b.ollam statuito cum aqua,
let a jar stand with water, Cato, R. R. 156 (157):crateras magnos statuunt, i. e. on the table,
Verg. A. 1, 724; so,crateras laeti statuunt,
id. ib. 7, 147: haec carina satis probe fundata et bene statuta est, well placed, i. e. so that the hull stands perpendicularly (cf.:bene lineatam carinam collocavit, v. 42),
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 44:nec quidquam explicare, nec statuere potuerant, nec quod statutum esset, manebat, omnia perscindente vento,
Liv. 21, 58, 7:eo die tabernacula statui passus non est,
to pitch, Caes. B. C. 1, 81; so, aciem statuere, to draw up an army:aciem quam arte statuerat, latius porrigit,
Sall. J. 52, 6.—With designation of the place by in and abl.; by adv. of place; by ante, apud, ad, circa, super, and acc.; by pro and abl.; by abl. alone (very rare), or by in and acc. (very rare): signa domi pro supellectile statuere, Cato ap. Prisc. 7, 19, 95 (p. 782 P.):4. a.statuite hic lectulos,
Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 7:etiamsi in caelo Capitolium statueretur,
Cic. Or. 3, 46, 180:statuitur Sollius in illo gladiatorum convivio... atuitur, ut dico, eques Romanus in Apronii convivio,
is taken to the banquet, id. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 61 sq.:tabernacula in foro statuere,
Liv. 39, 46, 3:in principiis statuit tabernaculum,
Nep. Eum. 7, 1:in nostris castris tibi tabernaculum statue,
Curt. 5, 11, 6; 8, 13, 20:statui in medium undique conspicuum tabernaculum jussit,
id. 9, 6, 1:(sagittae) longae, nisi prius in terra statuerent arcum, haud satis apte imponuntur,
id. 8, 14, 19:sedes curules sacerdotum Augustalium locis, superque eas querceae coronae statuerentur,
Tac. A. 2, 83:donum deae apud Antium statuitur,
id. ib. 3, 71:pro rigidis calamos columnis,
Ov. F. 3, 529:jamque ratem Scythicis auster statuisset in oris,
Val. Fl. 3, 653:statuere vas in loco frigido,
Pall. Oct. 22.—Of living beings:capite in terram statuerem, Ut cerebro dispergat viam,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 18:qui capite ipse sua in statuit vestigia sese (= qui sese ipse capite in sua vestigia statuit),
i. e. stands on his head, Lucr. 4, 472:patrem ejus a mortuis excitasses, statuisses ante oculos,
Cic. Or. 1, 57, 245:captivos vinctos in medio statuit,
Liv. 21, 42, 1:ubi primum equus Curtium in vado statuit,
id. 1, 13, 5:quattuor cohortes in fronte statuit,
id. 28, 33, 12:ante se statuit funditores,
id. 42, 58, 10:puerum ad canendum ante tibicinem cum statuisset,
id. 7, 2, 9:procul in conspectu eum (Philopoemenem) statuerunt,
id. 39, 49, 11:media porta robora legionum, duabus circa portis milites levemque armaturam statuit,
id. 23, 16, 8:bovem ad fanum Dianae et ante aram statuit,
id. 1, 45, 6:cum Calchanta circa aram statuisset,
Val. Max. 8, 11, ext. 6:marium si qui eo loci statuisset,
id. 3, 1, 2 fin.:adulescentes ante Caesarem statuunt,
Tac. A. 4, 8:in fronte statuerat ferratos, in cornibus cohortes,
id. ib. 3, 45:puer quis Ad cyathum statuetur?
Hor. C. 1, 29, 8:tu cum pro vitula statuis dulcem Aulide natam Ante aras,
id. S. 2, 3, 199:et statuam ante aras aurata fronte juvencum,
Verg. A. 9, 627:clara regione profundi Aetheros innumeri statuerunt agmina cygni,
Stat. Th. 3, 525.—Of statues, temples, columns, altars, trophies, etc.; constr. with acc. alone, or acc. of the structure and dat. of the person for whom or in whose honor it is erected:b.siquidem mihi aram et statuam statuis,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 122:huic statuam statui decet ex auro,
id. Bacch. 4, 4, 1:ne ego aurea pro statua vineam tibi statuam,
id. Curc. 1, 2, 52:eique statuam equestrem in rostris statui placere,
Cic. Phil. 5, 15, 41; so id. ib. 9, 5, 10; 9, 7, 16; id. Verr. 2, 2, 62, § 151; 2, 2, 20, § 48; so,simulacrum alicui statuere,
Val. Max. 1, 1, 8:effigiem,
Verg. A. 2, 184:Mancinus eo habitu sibi statuit quo, etc. (effigiem),
Plin. 34, 5, 10, § 18:simulacrum in curia,
Tac. A. 14, 12:quanam in civitate tempium statueretur,
id. ib. 4, 55:se primos templum urbis Romae statuisse,
id. ib. 4, 56; so id. ib. 4, 15:nec tibi de Pario statuam, Germanice, templum,
Ov. P. 4, 8, 31:templa tibi statuam, tribuam tibi turis honorem,
id. M. 14, 128:super terrae tumulum noluit quid statui nisi columellam,
Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66:victimas atque aras diis Manibus statuentes,
Tac. A. 3, 2:statuitque aras e cespite,
Ov. M. 7, 240:statuantur arae,
Sen. Med. 579:aeneum statuerunt tropaeum,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 69:monumentum,
id. ib. § 70; so,in alio orbe tropaea statuere,
Curt. 7, 7, 14;so,
Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 18: ut illum di perdant qui primus statuit hic solarium, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Gell. 3, 3, 5:princeps Romanis solarium horologium statuisse L. Papirius Cursor proditur,
Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 213:a miliario in capite Romani fori statuto,
id. 3, 5, 9, § 66:carceres eo anno in Circo primum statuti,
Liv. 8, 20, 1:quo molem hanc immanis equi statuere?
Verg. A. 2, 150:multo altiorem statui crucem jussit,
Suet. Galb. 9:obeliscam,
Plin. 36, 9, 14, § 71:at nunc disturba quas statuisti machinas,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 137:incensis operibus quae statuerat,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4:si vallum statuitur procul urbis illecebris,
Tac. A. 4, 2:castra in quinto lapide a Carthagine statuit,
Just. 22, 6, 9.—Poet. and in post-class. prose (rare):5.aliquem statuere = alicui statuam statuere: inter et Aegidas media statuaris in urbe,
Ov. H. 2, 67:statuarque tumulo hilaris et coronatus,
my statue will be erected, Tac. Dial. 13; so with two acc.: custodem medio statuit quam vilicus horto, whose statue he placed as protectress, etc., Mart. 3, 68, 9; cf.in double sense: nudam te statuet, i. e. nudam faciet (= nudabit fortunis), and statuam tibi nu dam faciet,
Mart. 4, 28, 8.—Of cities, etc., to establish, found, build (in class. prose usu. condo):B.Agamemnon tres ibi urbes statuit,
Vell. 1, 1, 2:urbem quam statuo vestra est,
Verg. A. 1, 573:urbom praeclaram,
id. ib. 4, 655:Persarum statuit Babylona Semiramis urbem,
Prop. 3, 11 (4, 10), 21:ibi civitatem statuerunt,
Just. 23, 1; so,licentia et impunitas asyla statuendi (= aperiendi),
Tac. A. 3, 60.—Hence, transf.: carmen statuere = carmen condere, to compose, devise a song:nunc volucrum... inexpertum carmen, quod tacita statuere bruma,
Stat. S. 4, 5, 12.—To cause to stand still, to stop (rare; cf.C.sisto, III. B.): navem extemplo statuimus,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 57:et statuit fessos, fessus et ipse, boves,
Prop. 4 (5), 9, 4:famuli hoc modo statuerunt aquas,
Arn. 1, p. 30: sanguinem, Oct. Hor. 4.—To cause to stand firm, strengthen, support (rare; = stabilire), only transf.: qui rem publicam certo animo adjuverit, statuerit, Att. ap. Cic. Sest. 56, 120 (Trag. Rel. v. 357 Rib.).II.Trop.A.To establish, constitute (= constituo).1.Esp.: exemplum or documentum (v. edo fin., and cf. Sen. Phoen. 320), to set forth an example or precedent for warning or imitation:2.statuite exemplum impudenti, date pudori praemium,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 6:exemplum statuite in me ut adulescentuli Vobis placere studeant potius quam sibi,
Ter. Heaut. prol. 51; Auct. Her. 4, 35, 47:ut illi intellegere possint, in quo homine statueris exemplum hujus modi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 45, § 111:in quos aliquid exempli populus Romanus statui putat oportere,
id. ib. 2, 3, 90, §210: statuam in te exemplum, ne quis posthac infelicibus miseriis patriae illudat,
Just. 8, 7, 14:documentum autem statui oportere, si quis resipiscat et antiquam societatem respiciat,
Liv. 24, 45, 5: statueretur immo [p. 1753] documentum, quo uxorem imperator acciperet, a precedent, Tac. A. 12, 6.—Jus statuere, to establish a principle or relation of law:3.ut (majores nostri) omnia omnium rerum jura statuerint,
Cic. Caecin. 12, 34: qui magistratum potestatemve habebit, si quid in aliquem novi juris statuerit, ipse quoque, adversario postulante, eodem jure uti debebit, if he has established any new principle of law, Edict. Praet. in Dig. 2, 2, 1, § 1:si quid injungere inferiori velis, id prius in te ac tuos si ipse juris statueris, facilius omnes oboedientes habeas,
if you first admit it against yourself, Liv. 26, 36, 3:si dicemus in omnibus aequabile jus statui convenire,
equal principles of law should be applied to all, Auct. Her. 3, 3, 4. —In gen., to establish by authority (of relations, institutions, rights, duties, etc.):4.(Numa) omnis partis religionis statuit sanctissime,
Cic. Rep. 2, 14, 26:hoc judicium sic exspectatur ut non unae rei statui, sed omnibus constitui putetur,
id. Tull. 15, 36:ad formandos animos statuendasque vitae leges, Quint. prooem. 14: sic hujus (virtutis) ut caelestium statuta magnitudo est,
Sen. Ep. 79, 10:vectigal etiam novum ex salaria annona statuerunt,
Liv. 29, 37, 2:novos statuere fines,
id. 42, 24, 8:neque eos quos statuit terminos observat,
id. 21, 44, 5:quibus rebus cum pax statuta esset,
Just. 5, 10, 8; so id. 25, 1, 1:sedesque ibi statuentibus,
id. 18, 5, 11.—With double acc., to constitute, appoint, create:B.Hirtius arbitrum me statuebat non modo hujus rei, sed totius consulatus sui,
Cic. Att. 14, 1, a, 2:telluris erum natura nec illum, nec quemquam constituit,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 130:de principatu (vinorum) se quisque judicem statuet,
Plin. 14, 6, 8, § 59:praefectus his statuitur Andragoras,
Just. 21, 4, 5.—To determine, fix, etc. (of temporal or local relations); constr. usually with acc. and dat. or acc. and gen.1.Modum statuere alicui or alicujus rei, to determine the manner, mode, or measure of, assign limits, restrictions or restraints to a thing or person, to impose restraints upon.(α).With dat.:(β).diuturnitati imperii modum statuendum putavistis,
that a limit should be assigned to the duration of his power, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 26:statui mihi tum modum et orationi meae,
imposed restraints upon myself and my words, id. Verr. 2, 5, 63, § 163:non statuendo felicitati modum, nec cohibendo fortunam,
by not assigning any limits to his success, Liv. 30, 30, 23 (Pompeium) affirmabant, libertati publicae statuturum modum, Vell. 2, 40:cupidinibus statuat natura modum,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 111:quem modum sibi ipsa statuit (crudelitas)?
Val. Max. 9, 2 pr.:modum ipsae res statuunt (i. e. sibi),
Plin. 28, 15, 61, § 216:modum nuptiarum sumptibus statuerunt,
Just. 21, 4, 5:timori quem meo statuam modum?
Sen. Thyest. 483;and with finem: jam statui aerumnis modum et finem cladi,
id. Herc. Fur. 206. —With gen.:2.honestius te inimicitiarum modum statuere potuisse quam me humanitatis,
Cic. Sull. 17, 48:ipse modum statuam carminis,
Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 44:errorisque sui sic statuisse modum,
Prop. 3, 12 (4, 11), 36:modum statuunt fellis pondere denarii,
they limit the quantity of the gall to the weight of a denarius, Plin. 28, 19, 77, § 254.—Condicionem or legem alicui, to impose a condition or law upon one, to dictate, assign a condition to:3.hanc tu condicionem statuis Gaditanis,
Cic. Balb. 10, 25:providete ne duriorem vobis condicionem statuatis ordinique vestro quam ferre possit,
id. Rab. Post. 6, 15:alter eam sibi legem statuerat ut, etc.,
id. Phil. 10, 6, 12: pretio statuta lege ne modum excederet, etc., the law being assigned to the price that not, etc., i. e. the price being limited by the law, etc., Plin. 33, 7, 40, § 118:pacis legem universae Graeciae statuit,
Just. 9, 5, 2.—So with ellipsis of dat., to agree upon, stipulate:statutis condicionibus,
Just. 6, 1, 3:omnibus consentientibus Carthago conditur, statuto annuo vectigali pro solo urbis,
id. 18, 5, 14. —Finem, to assign or put an end to, make an end of:4.haud opinor commode Finem statuisse orationi militem,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 21:et finem statuit cuppedinis atque timoris,
Lucr. 6, 25:cum Fulvius Flaccus finem poenae eorum statuere cogeretur,
Val. Max. 3, 2, ext. 1: majores vestri omnium magnarum rerum et principia exorsi ab diis sunt, et finem statuerunt, finished, Liv. 45, 39, 10; so,terminum: nam templis numquam statuetur terminus aevi,
Stat. S. 3, 1, 180:cum consilii tui bene fortiterque suscepti eum tibi finem statueris, quem ipsa fortuna terminum nostrarum contentionum esse voluisset,
since you have assigned that end, Cic. Fam. 6, 22, 2.—Pretium alicui rei, to assign a price to something; fix, determine the price of something:5.quae probast mers, pretium ei statuit,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 132:numquam avare pretium statui arti meae,
Ter. Heaut. prol. 48:statuit frumento pretium,
Tac. A. 2, 87; so with dat. understood:ut eos (obsides) pretio quantum ipsi statuissent patres redimi paterentur,
Liv. 45, 42, 7:pretium statuit (i. e. vecturae et sali),
id. 45, 29, 13; so with in and acc.: ut in singulas amphoras (vini) centeni nummi statuantur, that the price may be set down at 100 sesterces for an amphora, Plin. 14, 4, 6, § 56.—Statuere diem, horam, tempus, locum alicui rei, or alicui, or with dat. gerund., to assign or appoint a day, time, place, etc. (for the more usual diem dicere):6.statutus est comitiis dies,
Liv. 24, 27, 1:diem patrando facinori statuerat,
id. 35, 35, 15:multitudini diem statuit ante quam sine fraude liceret ab armis discedere,
Sall. C. 36, 2:dies insidiis statuitur,
id. J. 70, 3:ad tempus locumque colloquio statuendum,
Liv. 28, 35, 4:subverti leges quae sua spatia (= tempora) quaerendis aut potiundis honoribus statuerint,
Tac. A. 2, 36.—With ellipsis of dat.:observans quem statuere diem,
Mart. 4, 54, 6:noctem unam poscit: statuitur nox,
Tac. A. 13, 44.—Esp. in the part. statutus, fixed, appointed (in MSS. and edd. often confounded with status; v. sisto fin.):institum ut quotannis... libri diebus statutis (statis) recitarentur,
Suet. Claud. 42:ut die statuta omnes equos ante regiam producerent,
Just. 1, 10, 1:quaedam (genera) statutum tempus anni habent,
Plin. 17, 18, 30, § 135:fruges quoque maturitatem statuto tempore expectant,
Curt. 6, 3, 7:sacrificium non esse redditum statuto tempore,
id. 8, 2, 6:statuto tempore quo urbem Mithridati traderet,
Just. 16, 4, 9:cum ad statutam horam omnes convenissent,
id. 1, 10, 8:intra tempus statutum,
fixed by the law, Dig. 4, 4, 19 and 20.—To recount, count up, state (very rare): statue sex et quinquaginta annos, quibus mox divus Augustus rempublicam rexit: adice Tiberii tres et viginti... centum et viginti anni colliguntur, count, fix the number at, Tac. Or. 17:C.Cinyphiae segetis citius numerabis aristas... quam tibi nostrorum statuatur summa laborum,
Ov. P. 2, 7, 29.—To decide, determine, with reference to a result, to settle, fix, bring about, choose, make a decision.1.Of disputes, differences, questions, etc., between others.(α).With interrog.-clause:(β).ut statuatis hoc judicio utrum posthac amicitias clarorum virorum calamitati hominibus an ornamento esse malitis,
Cic. Balb. 28, 65:eam potestatem habetis ut statuatis utrum nos... semper miseri lugeamus, an, etc.,
id. Mil. 2, 4:in hoc homine statuatis, possitne senatoribus judicantibus homo nocentissim us pecuniosissimusque damnari,
id. Verr. 1, 16, 47:vos statuite, recuperatores, utra (sententia) utilior esse videatur,
id. Caecin. 27, 77:decidis tu statuisque quid iis ad denarium solveretur,
id. Quint. 4, 17:magni esse judicis statuere quid quemque cuique praestare oporteret,
id. Off. 3, 17, 70:mihi vero Pompeius statuisse videtur quid vos in judicando spectare oporteret,
id. Mil. 6, 15:semel (senatus) statuerent quid donatum Masinissae vellent,
Liv. 42, 23:nec quid faciendum modo sit statuunt, sed, etc.,
decide, dictate, id. 44, 22:nondum statuerat conservaret eum necne,
Nep. Eum. 11, 2:statutumque (est) quantum curules, quantum plebei pignoris caperent,
Tac. A. 13, 28: semel nobis esse statuendum quod consilium in illo sequamur, August. ap. Suet. Claud. 4. —With de:(γ).ut consules de Caesaris actis cognoscerent, statuerent, judicarent,
Cic. Att. 16, 16, B, 8:et collegas suos de religione statuisse, in senatu de lege statuturos,
id. ib. 4, 2, 4:ut de absente eo C. Licinius statueret ac judicaret,
Liv. 42, 22:si de summa rerum liberum senatui permittat rex statuendi jus,
id. 42, 62: qui ab exercitu ab imperatore eove cui de ea re statuendi potestas fuerit, dimissus erit, Edict. Praet. in Dig. 3, 2, 1.—Often with reference to punishment:cum de P. Lentulo ceterisque statuetis, pro certo habetote, vos simul de exercitu Catilinae decernere,
Sall. C. 52, 17:satis visum de Vestilia statuere,
to pass sentence against, Tac. A. 2, 85:jus statuendi de procuratoribus,
id. ib. 12, 54:facta patribus potestate statuendi de Caeciliano,
id. ib. 6, 7; so id. ib. 13, 28; cf. id. ib. 15, 14; 2, 85; Suet. Tib. 61 fin. —In partic.: de se statuere, to decide on, or dispose of one's self, i. e. of one's life, = to commit suicide:eorum qui de se statuebant humabantur corpora,
Tac. A. 6, 29.—With de and abl. and interrog.-clause:(δ).si quibusdam populis permittendum esse videatur ut statuant ipsi de suis rebus quo jure uti velint,
Cic. Balb. 8, 22.—With contra:(ε).consequeris tamen ut eos ipsos quos contra statuas aequos placatosque dimittas,
Cic. Or. 10, 34. —With indef. obj., usu. a neutr. pron.:(ζ).utrum igitur hoc Graeci statuent... an nostri praetores?
Cic. Fl. 12, 27:dixisti quippiam: fixum (i. e. id) et statutum est,
id. Mur. 30, 62:eoque utrique quod statuit contenti sunt,
Caes. B. C. 1, 87:senatus, ne quid absente rege statueret,
Liv. 39, 24, 13:maturato opus est, quidquid statuere placet (senatui),
id. 8, 13, 17:id ubi in P. Licinio ita statutum est,
id. 41, 15, 10:interrogatus quid ipse victorem statuere debere censeret,
Curt. 8, 14, 43:quid in futurum statuerim, aperiam,
Tac. A. 4, 37:utque rata essent quae procuratores sui in judicando statuerent,
Suet. Claud. 12;qul statuit aliquid parte inaudita altera, aequum licet statuerit, haud aequus fuit,
Sen. Med. 2, 199:non ergo quod libet statuere arbiter potest,
Dig. 4, 8, 32, § 15; cf.:earum rerum quas Caesar statuisset, decrevisset, egisset,
Cic. Att. 16, 16, C, 11.—With de or super and abl.:(η).vos de crudelissimis parricidis quid statuatis cunctamini?
Sall. C. 52, 31:nihil super ea re nisi ex voluntate filii statuere,
Suet. Tib. 13:ne quid super tanta re absente principe statueretur,
Tac. H. 4, 9.—Absol., mostly pass. impers.:(θ).ita expediri posse consilium ut pro merito cujusque statueretur,
Liv. 8, 14, 1:tunc ut quaeque causa erit statuetis,
id. 3, 53, 10:non ex rumore statuendum,
decisions should not be founded on rumors, Tac. A. 3, 69.—With cognoscere, to examine ( officially) and decide:2.petit ut vel ipse de eo causa cognita statuat, vel civitatem statuere jubeat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 19:consuli ut cognosceret statueretque senatus permiserat,
Liv. 39, 3, 2:missuros qui de eorum controversiis cognoscerent statuerentque,
id. 40, 20, 1; 45, 13, 11:quod causa cognita erit statuendum,
Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 8.—With reference to the mind of the subject, to decide, to make up one's mind, conclude, determine, be convinced, usu. with interrog.clause:D. 1.numquam intellegis, statuendum tibi esse, utrum illi homicidae sint an vindices libertatis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30:illud mirum videri solet, tot homines... statuere non potuisse, utrum judicem an arbitrum, rem an litem dici oporteret,
id. Mur. 12, 27:neque tamen possum statuere, utrum magis mirer, etc.,
id. de Or. 3, 22, 82:ipsi statuerent, quo tempore possent suo jure arma capere,
id. Tull. 5, 12:ut statuerem quid esset faciendum,
id. Att. 7, 26, 3:statuere enim qui sit sapiens, vel maxime videtur esse sapientis,
id. Ac. 2, 3, 9:si habes jam statutum quid tibi agendum putes,
id. Fam. 4, 2, 4:tu quantum tribuendum nobis putes statuas ipse, et, ut spero, statues ex nostra dignitate,
id. ib. 5, 8, 4:vix statui posse utrum quae pro se, an quae contra fratrem petiturus esset ab senatu magis impetrabilia forent,
Liv. 45, 19, 6:quam satis statuerat, utram foveret partem,
id. 42, 29, 11:posse ipsam Liviam statuere, nubendum post Drusum, an, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 40:statue quem poenae extrahas,
Sen. Troad. 661.—So with apud animum, to make up one's mind:vix statuere apud animum meum possum atrum pejor ipsa res an pejore exemplo agatur,
Liv. 34, 2, 4:proinde ipsi primum statuerent apud animos quid vellent,
id. 6, 39, 11.—Rarely with neutr, pron. as object:quidquid nos de communi sententia statuerimus,
Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 2:sic statue, quidquid statuis, ut causam famamque tuam in arto stare scias,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 1306.—With ut or ne: statuunt ut decem milia hominum in oppidum submittantur, [p. 1754] Caes. B. G. 7, 21:2.eos (Siculos) statuisse ut hoc quod dico postularet,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 103:statuunt illi atque decernunt ut eae litterae... removerentur,
id. ib. 2, 2, 71, §173: statuit iste ut arator... vadimonium promitteret,
id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38: orare patres ut statuerent ne absentium nomina reciperentur,
id. ib. 2, 2, 42, §103: statuitur ne post M. Brutum proconsulem sit Creta provincia,
id. Phil. 2, 38, 97:(Tiberius) auxit patrum honorem statuendo ut qui ad senatum provocavissent, etc.,
Tac. A. 14, 28:statuiturque (a senatu) ut... in servitute haberentur,
id. ib. 12, 53.—So of a decree, determination, or agreement by several persons or parties to be carried out by each of them:statutum esse (inter plebem et Poenos) ut... impedimenta diriperent,
Liv. 23, 16, 6:Athenienses cum statuerent, ut urbe relicta naves conscenderent,
Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48:statuunt ut fallere custodes tentent,
Ov. M. 4, 84.—With acc. (post-Aug.):3.remedium statuere,
to prescribe a remedy against public abuses, Tac. A. 3, 28; 6, 4:Caesar ducentesimam (vectigalis) in posterum statuit,
decreed that one half of one per cent. be the tax, id. ib. 2, 42.—So with sic (= hoc):sic, di, statuistis,
Ov. M. 4, 661.—With dat. and acc. (not ante-Aug.):4.eis (Vestalibus) stipendium de publico statuit,
decreed, allowed a salary, Liv. 1, 20, 3:Aurelio quoque annuam pecuniam statuit princeps,
decreed, granted, Tac. A. 13, 34:biduum criminibus obiciendis statuitur,
are allowed, id. ib. 3, 13:itaque et alimenta pueris statuta... et patribus praemia statuta,
Just. 12, 4, 8:ceu Aeolus insanis statuat certamina ventis,
Stat. Th. 6, 300:non hoc statui sub tempore rebus occasum Aeoniis,
id. ib. 7, 219:statuere alicui munera,
Val. Fl. 2, 566.—With dat. and interrog.-clause:5. (α).cur his quoque statuisti quantum ex hoc genere frumenti darent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 53:ordo iis quo quisque die supplicarent, statutus,
Liv. 7, 28, 8.—With poenam, etc., with or without in and acc. pers. (mostly post-Aug.):(β).considerando... in utra (lege) major poena statuatur,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 145:poenam statui par fuisse,
Tac. A. 14, 49:qui non judicium, sed poenam statui videbant,
id. ib. 11, 6:eadem poena in Catum Firmium statuitur,
id. ib. 6, 31:senatu universo in socios facinoris ultimam statuente poenam,
Suet. Caes. 14;so with mercedem (= poenam): debuisse gravissimam temeritatis mercedem statui,
Liv. 39, 55, 3; cf.also: Thrasea, non quidquid nocens reus pati mereretur, id egregio sub principe statuendum disseruit,
Tac. A. 14, 48.— Absol.:non debere eripi patribus vim statuendi (sc. poenas),
Tac. A. 3, 70.—With indef. obj., generally with in and acc.: aliquid gravius in aliquem, to proceed severely against:(γ).obsecrare coepit, ne quid gravius in fratrem statueret,
Caes. B. G. 1, 20:fac aliquid gravius in Hejum statuisse Mamertinos,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 19:res monet cavere ab illis magis quam quid in illos statuamus consultare,
Sall. C. 52, 3:qui cum triste aliquid statuit, fit tristis et ipse,
Ov. P. 2, 2, 119:si quid ob eam rem de se crudelius statuerent,
Just. 2, 15, 10.—With a word expressing the kind of punishment (post-Aug.):(δ).in Pompeiam Sabinam exilium statuitur,
Tac. A. 6, 24 (18).—De capite, to pass sentence of death:E.legem illam praeclaram quae de capite civis Romani nisi comitiis centuriatis statui vetaret,
Cic. Rep. 2, 36, 61.—Referring to one's own acts, to resolve, determine, purpose, to propose, with inf. (first in Cic.;F.freq. and class.): statuit ab initio et in eo perseveravit, jus publicano non dicere,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 5, 10:P. Clodius cum statuisset omni scelere in praetura vexare rem publicam,
id. Mil. 9, 24:statuerat excusare,
to decline the office, id. Lig. 7, 21:cum statuissem scribere ad te aliquid,
id. Off. 1, 2, 4:quod iste certe statuerat et deliberaverat non adesse,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 1:se statuisse animum advertere in omnes nauarchos,
id. ib. 2, 5, 40, §105: nam statueram in perpetuum tacere,
id. Fam. 4, 4, 4:statueram... nihil de illo dicere,
id. Fragm. Clod. 1, 1:statueram recta Appia Romam (i. e. venire),
id. Att. 16, 10, 1:Pompeius statuerat bello decertare,
Caes. B. C. 3, 86: si cedere hinc statuisset, Liv. 44, 39, 7:triumphare mense Januario statuerat,
id. 39, 15:immemor sim propositi quo statui non ultra attingere externa nisi qua Romanis cohaererent rebus,
id. 39, 48:rex quamquam dissimulare statuerat,
id. 42, 21:opperiri ibi hostium adventum statuit,
id. 42, 54, 9:ut statuisse non pugnare consules cognitum est,
id. 2, 45, 9:exaugurare fana statuit,
id. 1, 55, 2:Delphos mittere statuit,
id. 1, 56, 5:eos deducere in agros statuerunt,
id. 40, 38, 2:tradere se, ait, moenia statuisse,
id. 8, 25, 10:Samnitium exercitus certamine ultimo fortunam experiri statuit,
id. 7, 37, 4:statuit sic adfectos hosti non obicere,
id. 44, 36, 2:sub idem tempus statuit senatus Carthaginem excidere,
Vell. 1, 12, 2:statui pauca disserere,
Tac. H. 4, 73:amoliri juvenem specie honoris statuit,
id. A. 2, 42:statuerat urbem novam condere,
Curt. 4, 8, 1:statuerat parcere urbi conditae a Cyro,
id. 7, 6, 20:rex statuerat inde abire,
id. 7, 11, 4:Alexander statuerat ex Syria petere Africam,
id. 10, 1, 17; 10, 5, 24; 5, 27 (9), 13; so,statutum habere cum animo ac deliberatum,
to have firmly and deliberately resolved, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 95.—With sic:caedis initium fecisset a me, sic enim statuerat,
id. Phil. 3, 7, 29.—To judge, declare as a judgment, be of opinion, hold (especially of legal opinions), think, consider (always implying the establishment of a principle, or a decided conviction; cf.: existimo, puto, etc.).1.With acc. and inf.a.In gen.:b.senatus consulta falsa delata ab eo judicavimus... leges statuimus per vim et contra auspicia latas,
Cic. Phil. 12, 5, 12:statuit senatus hoc ne illi quidem esse licitum cui concesserat omnia,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 35, § 81:quin is tamen (judex) statuat fieri non posse ut de isto non severissime judicetur,
id. ib. 2, 3, 62, §144: hujusce rei vos (recuperatores) statuetis nullam esse actionem qui obstiterit armatis hominibus?
id. Caecin. 13, 39, ut quisquam juris numeretur peritus, qui id statuit esse jus quod non oporteat judicari, who holds that to be the law, id. ib. 24, 68:is (Pompeius) se in publico statuit esse non posse,
id. Pis. 13, 29:tu unquam tantam plagam tacitus accipere potuisses, nisi hoc ita statuisses, quidquid dixisses te deterius esse facturum?
id. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 133:si causa cum causa contenderet, nos nostram perfacile cuivis probaturos statuebamus,
we were sure, id. Quint. 30, 92:non statuit sibi quidquam licere quod non patrem suum facere vidisset,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 90, § 211:hi sibi nullam societatem communis utilitatis causa statuunt esse cum civibus,
assume, id. Off. 3, 6, 28:cum igitur statuisset opus esse ad eam rem constituendam pecunia,
had become convinced, id. ib. 2, 23, 82:quo cive neminem ego statuo in hac re publica esse fortiorem,
id. Planc. 21, 51:quam quidem laudem sapientiae statuo esse maximam,
id. Fam. 5, 13, 1:hoc anno statuit temporis esse satis,
Ov. F. 1, 34:nolim statuas me mente maligna id facere,
Cat. 67, 37.— So with sic:velim sic statuas tuas mihi litteras longissimas quasque gratissimas fore,
Cic. Fam. 7, 33 fin.:ego sic statuo a me in hac causa pietatis potius quam defensionis partes esse susceptas,
I hold, lay down as the principle of my defence, id. Sest. 2, 3:quod sic statuit omnino consularem legem nullam putare,
id. ib. 64, 135:sic statuo et judico, neminem tot et tanta habuisse ornamenta dicendi,
id. Or. 2, 28, 122. —Hence, statui, I have judged, i. e. I know, and statueram, I had judged, i. e. I knew:ut ego qui in te satis consilii statuerim esse, mallem Peducaeum tibi consilium dare quam me, ironically,
Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4:qui saepe audissent, nihil esse pulchrius quam Syracusarum moenia, statuerant se, si ea Verre praetore non vidissent, numquam esse visuros,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 36, § 95.—With neutr. pron.:si dicam non recte aliquid statuere eos qui consulantur,
that they hold an erroneous opinion, Cic. Caecin. 24, 68; cf.:quis hoc statuit umquam, aut cui concedi potest, ut eum jure potuerit occidere a quo, etc.,
id. Tull. 24, 56; Quint. 5, 13, 21.—Particularly of a conclusion drawn from circumstances, to judge, infer, conclude; declare (as an inference):c.cum tuto senatum haberi non posse judicavistis, tum statuiistis, etiam intra muros Antonii scelus versari,
Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13: quod si aliter statuetis, videte ne hoc vos statuatis, qui vivus decesserit, ei vim non esse factam, id. Caecin. 16, 46:quid? si tu ipse statuisti, bona P. Quinctii ex edicto possessa non esse?
id. Quint. 24, 76:ergo ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,
id. Off. 3, 16, 67:Juppiter esse pium statuit quodcumque juvaret,
Ov. H. 4, 133.—With neutr. pron.:hoc (i. e. litteris Gabinii credendum non esse) statuit senatus cum frequens supplicationem Gabinio denegavit,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 6, 14:quod si tum statuit opus esse, quid cum ille decessisset, Flacco existimatis statuendum et faciendum fuisse?
id. Fl. 12, 29; cf. id. Caecin. 16, 46, supra; so,hoc si ita statuetis,
id. ib. 16, 47.—Esp. with gerund.-clause.(α).To hold, judge, think, consider, acknowledge, that something must be done, or should have been done:(β).tu cum tuos amicos in provinciam quasi in praedam invitabas... non statuebas tibi de illorum factis rationem esse reddendam?
did you not consider, did it not strike you? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 29: statuit, si hoc crimen extenuari vellet, nauarchos omnes vita esse privandos, he thought it necessary to deprive, etc., id. ib. 2, 5, 40, §103: ut statuas mihi non modo non cedendum, sed etiam tuo auxilio utendum fuisse,
id. Fam. 5, 2, 10:statuebam sic, boni nihil ab illis nugis expectandum,
id. Sest. 10, 24:Antigonus statuit aliquid sibi consilii novi esse capiendum,
Nep. Eum. 8, 4. —So with opus fuisse:ut hoc statuatis oratione longa nihil opus fuisse,
acknowledge, Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56: causam sibi dicendam esse statuerat jam ante quam hoc usu venit, knew (cf. a. supra), id. ib. 2, 5, 39, § 101. —To think that one must do something, to resolve, propose, usu. with dat. pers.:2.manendum mihi statuebam quasi in vigilia quadam consulari ac senatoria,
Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 1: quae vobis fit injuria si statuimus, vestro nobis judicio standum esse, if we conclude, purpose, to abide, etc., id. Fl. 27, 65:ut ea quae statuisses tibi in senatu dicenda, reticeres,
id. Fam. 5, 2, 1:statuit tamen nihil sibi in tantis injuriis gravius faciendum,
id. Clu. 6, 16:Caesar statuit exspectandam classem,
Caes. B. G. 3, 14:non expectandum sibi statuit dum, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 11:quod eo tempore statuerat non esse faciendum,
id. B. C. 3, 44:statuit sibi nihil agitandum,
Sall. J. 39, 5:Metellus statuit alio more bellum gerendum,
id. ib. 54, 5:Laco statuit accuratius sibi agendum cum Pharnabazo,
Nep. Alcib. 10, 2:sororis filios tollendos statuit,
Just. 38, 1.—With ut:3.si, ut Manilius statuebat, sic est judicatum (= ut judicandum esse statuebat),
Cic. Caecin. 24, 69:ut veteres statuerunt poetae (ut = quod ita esse),
id. Arat. 267 (33): quae majora auribus accepta sunt quam oculis noscuntur, ut statuit, as he thought, i. e. that those things were greater, etc., Liv. 45, 27:cum esset, ut ego mihi statuo, talis qualem te esse video,
Cic. Mur. 14, 32.—With two acc. (= duco, existimo):omnes qui libere de re publica sensimus, statuit ille quidem non inimicos, sed hostes,
regarded not as adversaries, but as foes, Cic. Phil. 11, 1, 3:Anaximenes aera deum statuit,
id. N. D. 10, 26:voluptatem summum bonum statuens,
id. Off. 1, 2, 5:video Lentulum cujus ego parentem deum ac patronum statuo fortunae ac nominis mei,
id. Sest. 69, 144:si rectum statuerimus concedere amicis quidquid velint,
id. Lael. 11, 38:Hieronymus summum bonum statuit non dolere,
id. Fin. 2, 6, 19:noster vero Plato Titanum e genere statuit eos qui... adversentur magistratibus,
id. Leg. 3, 2, 5:decretum postulat, quo justae inter patruos fratrumque filias nuptiae statuerentur,
Tac. A. 12, 7:optimum in praesentia statuit reponere odium,
id. Agr. 39.— P. a.: stătūtus, a, um, i. e. baculo, propped, leaning on a stick (dub. v. I. C. supra):vidistis senem... statutum, ventriosum?
Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 11.—Hence, subst.: stătūtum, i, n., a law, decision, determination, statute (late Lat.):Dei,
Lact. 2, 16, 14:Parcarum leges ac statuta,
id. 1, 11, 14:statuta Dei et placita,
id. 7, 25, 8.
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BRITANNIA — I. BRITANNIA Ducatus Galliae, peramplus et fertilis, vulgo Britaigne, qui nomen iura moresque, imo et incolas a Britannis insulanis accepit. Iulins Scal. in Urbibus: Vicit Aremoricas animosa Britannia gentes, Et dedit impositô nomina prisca iugô … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
