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  • 81 fastidiar

    v.
    1 to spoil, to ruin (estropear) (fiesta, vacaciones). (peninsular Spanish)
    2 to annoy, to bother.
    Su impertinencia enfermó a María His impertinence vexed Mary.
    3 to screw up, to goof off, to goof, to goof up.
    * * *
    1 (hastiar) to sicken, disgust
    2 (molestar) to annoy, bother
    4 familiar (estropear) to damage, ruin; (planes) to spoil, upset, mess up
    1 (aguantarse) to put up with, grin and bear it
    2 familiar (estropearse) to go wrong, break down
    3 (lastimarse) to hurt oneself, injure oneself
    \
    ¡a fastidiarse tocan! we'll have to grin and bear it!
    ¡no fastidies! familiar you're kidding!
    ¡que se fastidie! familiar that's his (her) tough luck!
    * * *
    verb
    to annoy, bother
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=molestar) to annoy

    y encima me insultó ¡no te fastidia! — and on top of that, he was rude to me, can you believe it!

    2) (=estropear) [+ fiesta, plan] to spoil, ruin; [+ aparato] to break

    ¡la hemos fastidiado! — drat! *

    2.
    VI (=bromear)

    ¡no fastidies! — you're kidding!

    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) (molestar, irritar) < persona> to bother, pester
    b) (esp Esp fam) ( estropear) <mecanismo/plan> to mess up; <fiesta/excursión> to spoil; < estómago> to upset
    2.

    no fastidies! ¿de veras? — go on! you're kidding! (colloq)

    3.
    fastidiarse v pron
    1) (AmL fam) ( molestarse) to get annoyed
    2)
    a) (fam) ( jorobarse)

    hay que fastidiarse! — (Esp) that's great! (colloq & iro)

    te fastidias! — (Esp) tough! (colloq)

    b) (Esp fam) ( estropearse) velada/plan to be ruined
    3) (Esp fam) <pierna/espalda> to hurt
    * * *
    = irk, hassle, bug, bungle, spite, annoy, nag (at), niggle, grudge, gall, peeve, piss + Nombre + off, cast + a blight on, blight, screw + Nombre + up, play up.
    Ex. She had been told from time to time that he seemed to derive satisfaction from needling the staff, but she had never been able to pin down specifically what he does that irks them.
    Ex. Richins also included inconveniences such as special trips to complain, time and effort required to fill out form, being treated rudely, and having to hassle someone.
    Ex. I have a question that has been bugging me since I upgraded to ProCite 5 some time ago.
    Ex. Regrettably, the well-intentioned publication of Devereux's typescript has been incurably bungled, and Rastell remains without either a complete or trustworthy bibliography.
    Ex. Men's abuse of children is in many instances instrumental in order to coerce or retaliate against women, echoing the Greek myth of Medea who killed her own children to spite her father.
    Ex. Library pests are any humans, large or microscopic beasts, library equipment or installations, or chemical and biological substances that hamper or annoy the reader.
    Ex. This a book that I had admired but that had nagged at me for years.
    Ex. He was under the knife last week to treat the knee problem that has been niggling him.
    Ex. He did not grudge them the money, but he grudged terribly the risk which the spending of that money might bring on them.
    Ex. It was the American attitude of superiority that galled them the most.
    Ex. Things like talking over the performances and cutting to commercials in the middle of performances were really peaving the people who watched.
    Ex. And he isn't one to squander an opportunity to take credit for an operation that will piss off Washington.
    Ex. Rampant commercialisation of publishing is casting a blight on literature.
    Ex. The global outbreak of swine flu has spread fear through the travel sector, blighting any green shoots of recovery from the financial crisis.
    Ex. Her past relationship screwed her up mentally, physically and emotionally.
    Ex. Each time it's been in the garage, it drives OK for about 10-15 miles, before starting to play up again.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) (molestar, irritar) < persona> to bother, pester
    b) (esp Esp fam) ( estropear) <mecanismo/plan> to mess up; <fiesta/excursión> to spoil; < estómago> to upset
    2.

    no fastidies! ¿de veras? — go on! you're kidding! (colloq)

    3.
    fastidiarse v pron
    1) (AmL fam) ( molestarse) to get annoyed
    2)
    a) (fam) ( jorobarse)

    hay que fastidiarse! — (Esp) that's great! (colloq & iro)

    te fastidias! — (Esp) tough! (colloq)

    b) (Esp fam) ( estropearse) velada/plan to be ruined
    3) (Esp fam) <pierna/espalda> to hurt
    * * *
    = irk, hassle, bug, bungle, spite, annoy, nag (at), niggle, grudge, gall, peeve, piss + Nombre + off, cast + a blight on, blight, screw + Nombre + up, play up.

    Ex: She had been told from time to time that he seemed to derive satisfaction from needling the staff, but she had never been able to pin down specifically what he does that irks them.

    Ex: Richins also included inconveniences such as special trips to complain, time and effort required to fill out form, being treated rudely, and having to hassle someone.
    Ex: I have a question that has been bugging me since I upgraded to ProCite 5 some time ago.
    Ex: Regrettably, the well-intentioned publication of Devereux's typescript has been incurably bungled, and Rastell remains without either a complete or trustworthy bibliography.
    Ex: Men's abuse of children is in many instances instrumental in order to coerce or retaliate against women, echoing the Greek myth of Medea who killed her own children to spite her father.
    Ex: Library pests are any humans, large or microscopic beasts, library equipment or installations, or chemical and biological substances that hamper or annoy the reader.
    Ex: This a book that I had admired but that had nagged at me for years.
    Ex: He was under the knife last week to treat the knee problem that has been niggling him.
    Ex: He did not grudge them the money, but he grudged terribly the risk which the spending of that money might bring on them.
    Ex: It was the American attitude of superiority that galled them the most.
    Ex: Things like talking over the performances and cutting to commercials in the middle of performances were really peaving the people who watched.
    Ex: And he isn't one to squander an opportunity to take credit for an operation that will piss off Washington.
    Ex: Rampant commercialisation of publishing is casting a blight on literature.
    Ex: The global outbreak of swine flu has spread fear through the travel sector, blighting any green shoots of recovery from the financial crisis.
    Ex: Her past relationship screwed her up mentally, physically and emotionally.
    Ex: Each time it's been in the garage, it drives OK for about 10-15 miles, before starting to play up again.

    * * *
    fastidiar [A1 ]
    vt
    1 (molestar, irritar) ‹persona› to bother, pester
    2 ( esp Esp fam) (estropear, dañar) ‹mecanismo/plan› to mess up; ‹fiesta/excursión› to spoil; ‹estómago› to upset
    ¡la hemos fastidiado! ( esp Esp fam); that's done it! ( colloq), now we've blown it! ( colloq)
    ■ fastidiar
    vi
    no deja de fastidiar con que quiere ir al circo he keeps pestering me about going to the circus
    me fastidia tener que repetir las cosas it annoys me to have to repeat things
    ¡no fastidies! ¿de veras? go on! you're kidding! ( colloq)
    A
    1 ( fam)
    (jorobarse): tendré que fastidiarme I'll have to put up with it ( colloq), I'll have to grin and bear it ( colloq)
    ¡hay que fastidiarse! ( Esp); that's great! ( colloq iro)
    ¡y si no te gusta, te fastidias! and if you don't like it, you can lump it! ( colloq)
    2 ( Esp fam) (estropearse) «velada» to be ruined; «plan» to go wrong
    B ( refl) ( Esp fam) ‹pierna/espalda› to hurt
    como sigas bebiendo así te vas a fastidiar el hígado if you keep on drinking like that you're going to damage your liver
    C
    1 ( AmL fam) (molestarse) to get annoyed, get cross ( BrE colloq)
    se fastidió por lo que le dije he got annoyed at what I said
    2 ( Ven) (aburrirse) to get fed up ( colloq)
    * * *

     

    fastidiar ( conjugate fastidiar) verbo transitivo
    a) (molestar, irritar) ‹ persona› to bother, pester

    b) (esp Esp fam) ( estropear) ‹mecanismo/plan› to mess up;

    ‹fiesta/excursión› to spoil;
    ‹ estómago› to upset
    verbo intransitivo:

    ¡no fastidies! ¿de veras? go on! you're kidding! (colloq)
    fastidiarse verbo pronominal
    a) (AmL fam) ( molestarse) to get annoyed

    b) (fam) ( jorobarse):


    ¡te fastidias! (Esp) tough! (colloq)
    c) (Esp fam) ( estropearse) [velada/plan] to be ruined

    fastidiar verbo transitivo
    1 (causar enojo, molestia) to annoy, bother: me fastidió mucho que no vinieras, I was upset that you couldn't come
    2 fam (el pelo, un coche, etc) to damage, ruin: se ha vuelto a fastidiar la lavadora, the washing machine's broken down again
    (un proyecto, plan) to spoil
    3 (causar una herida) to hurt
    ' fastidiar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    cagar
    - extemporánea
    - extemporáneo
    - joder
    - martirizar
    - pajolera
    - pajolero
    - cargar
    - embolar
    - hartar
    - hinchar
    - molestar
    English:
    aggravate
    - annoy
    - cock up
    - get
    - goose
    - hassle
    - irk
    - irritate
    - mess about
    - mess around
    - nag
    - play up
    - rub
    - screw up
    - spite
    - badger
    - bug
    - screw
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. Esp [estropear] [máquina, objeto] to break;
    [fiesta, vacaciones] to spoil, to ruin;
    ¡la hemos fastidiado! that's really done it!
    2. [molestar] to annoy, to bother;
    me fastidia tener que darle la razón it annoys me having to admit that he's right;
    fastidia que siempre lo sepa todo it's annoying the way he always knows everything;
    Esp
    ¿no te fastidia? [¿qué te parece?] would you believe it?
    ♦ vi
    Esp
    ¡no fastidies! you're having me on!;
    ¡no fastidies que se lo ha dicho a ella! don't tell me he went and told her!
    * * *
    I v/t
    1 annoy;
    ¿no te fastidia? fam would you believe o
    credit it!
    2 fam ( estropear) spoil
    II v/i
    :
    ¡no fastidies! fam you’re kidding! fam
    * * *
    1) molestar: to annoy, to bother, to hassle
    2) aburrir: to bore
    : to be annoying or bothersome
    * * *
    1. (disgustar) to bother / to annoy
    2. (estropear) to spoil [pt. & pp. spoilt] / to mess up
    ¡no fastidies! you're kidding!

    Spanish-English dictionary > fastidiar

  • 82 molestar

    v.
    1 to bother.
    perdone que le moleste… I'm sorry to bother you…
    ¿le molesta que fume? do you mind if I smoke?
    Sus palabras acedaron a María His words Maryoyed Mary.
    2 to upset.
    me molestó que no me saludaras I was rather upset that you didn't say hello to me
    3 to be bothered by.
    Me molesta ese ruido I am bothered by that noise.
    4 to ail.
    * * *
    1 (interrumpir) to disturb
    ■ no lo molestes, que está durmiendo don't disturb him, he's asleep
    2 (perturbar) to bother, annoy, upset
    3 (importunar) to pester
    ■ ¡deja de molestarme ya! stop pestering me!
    4 (hacer daño - apretar) to hurt, be too tight; (- picar) to irritate
    5 (ofender) to upset
    ■ no se moleste en venir, ya se lo mandaremos a casa don't bother coming, we'll send it round to you
    2 (ofenderse) to take offence
    * * *
    verb
    1) to annoy, bother
    •
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=importunar) to bother, annoy

    ¿no la estarán molestando, verdad? — they're not bothering o annoying you, are they?

    no la molestes más con tus tonterías — stop pestering o bothering o annoying her with your silly games

    2) (=interrumpir) to disturb

    siento molestarte, pero necesito que me ayudes — I'm sorry to disturb o trouble o bother you, but I need your help

    3) (=ofender) to upset
    2. VI
    1) (=importunar) to be a nuisance

    quita de en medio, que siempre estás molestando — get out of the way, you're always being a nuisance

    no quisiera molestar, pero necesito hablar contigo — I don't want to bother you o be a nuisance, but I need to talk to you

    me molesta mucho que me hablen así — it really annoys o irritates me when they talk to me like that

    ese ruido me molesta — that noise is bothering o annoying o irritating me

    me molesta el jarrón, ¿puedes apartarlo? — the vase is in the way, can you move it?

    2) (=incomodar) to feel uncomfortable, bother

    ¿te molesta el humo? — does the smoke bother you?

    si le sigue molestando, acuda a su médico — if it goes on giving you trouble, see your doctor

    3) (=ofender) to upset
    4) (=importar)
    [en preguntas]

    ¿le molesta la radio? — does the radio bother you?, do you mind the radio being on?

    ¿te molestaría prestarme un paraguas? — would you mind lending me an umbrella?

    ¿le molesta que abra la ventana o si abro la ventana? — do you mind if I open the window?

    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) ( importunar) to bother
    b) ( interrumpir) to disturb
    2) (ofender, disgustar) to upset
    2.
    1) ( importunar) (+me/te/le etc)

    ¿no te molesta ese ruido? — doesn't that noise bother you?

    ¿le molesta si fumo? — do you mind if I smoke?

    no me duele, pero me molesta — it doesn't hurt but it's uncomfortable

    2) ( fastidiar) to be a nuisance

    vino a ayudar pero no hizo más que molestar — he came to help, but he just made a nuisance of himself

    3.
    molestarsev pron
    1) ( disgustarse) to get upset

    se molestó por lo que le dije — he was upset o offended by what I said

    2) ( tomarse el trabajo) to bother, trouble oneself (frml)

    no se moleste — it's all right o please, don't bother

    ¿para qué vas a molestarte? — why should you put yourself out?

    molestarse EN + INF: ni se molestó en llamarme he didn't even bother to call me; se molestó en venir a verme — she took the trouble to come and see me

    * * *
    = bother, irk, pester, disrupt, irritate, trouble, hassle, bug, tread on + toes, spite, annoy, nag (at), disturb, upset, niggle, importune, gall, peeve.
    Ex. Why bother, then, to create an alphabetical index to the classified file when you already have a printed alphabetical index to the schedules of the classification scheme?.
    Ex. She had been told from time to time that he seemed to derive satisfaction from needling the staff, but she had never been able to pin down specifically what he does that irks them.
    Ex. And there are those whom I have pestered from time to time over the past four years, and who have patiently answered my importunity.
    Ex. Essentially, problem patrons can be considered in three groups: (1) the dangerous or apparently dangerous; (2) the patron who disrupts readers; and (3) the nuisance whose focus is the librarian.
    Ex. Their education must accordingly be designed to prepare them for that future, however much this may irritate the myopics whose only concern is for the present.
    Ex. This is a problem that has frequently troubled teachers.
    Ex. Richins also included inconveniences such as special trips to complain, time and effort required to fill out form, being treated rudely, and having to hassle someone.
    Ex. I have a question that has been bugging me since I upgraded to ProCite 5 some time ago.
    Ex. For all the indisputable good the Dalai Lama does in terms of spiritual guidance, he seems reluctant to tread on any political toes.
    Ex. Men's abuse of children is in many instances instrumental in order to coerce or retaliate against women, echoing the Greek myth of Medea who killed her own children to spite her father.
    Ex. Library pests are any humans, large or microscopic beasts, library equipment or installations, or chemical and biological substances that hamper or annoy the reader.
    Ex. This a book that I had admired but that had nagged at me for years.
    Ex. Transcribe the data as found, however, if case endings are affected, if the grammatical construction of the data would be disturbed, or if one element is inseparably linked to another.
    Ex. Especially if the new subject is one which upsets the previous structure of relationships, it will be difficult to fit into the existing order.
    Ex. He was under the knife last week to treat the knee problem that has been niggling him.
    Ex. He was a shiftless, good-for-nothing man and his shrewish wife was constantly importuning him.
    Ex. It was the American attitude of superiority that galled them the most.
    Ex. Things like talking over the performances and cutting to commercials in the middle of performances were really peaving the people who watched.
    ----
    * molestarse = stir + uneasily, get + Posesivo + knickers in a twist, get + Posesivo + panties in a bundle, begrudge, grudge, pique.
    * molestarse por = be bothered by, bridle at.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) ( importunar) to bother
    b) ( interrumpir) to disturb
    2) (ofender, disgustar) to upset
    2.
    1) ( importunar) (+me/te/le etc)

    ¿no te molesta ese ruido? — doesn't that noise bother you?

    ¿le molesta si fumo? — do you mind if I smoke?

    no me duele, pero me molesta — it doesn't hurt but it's uncomfortable

    2) ( fastidiar) to be a nuisance

    vino a ayudar pero no hizo más que molestar — he came to help, but he just made a nuisance of himself

    3.
    molestarsev pron
    1) ( disgustarse) to get upset

    se molestó por lo que le dije — he was upset o offended by what I said

    2) ( tomarse el trabajo) to bother, trouble oneself (frml)

    no se moleste — it's all right o please, don't bother

    ¿para qué vas a molestarte? — why should you put yourself out?

    molestarse EN + INF: ni se molestó en llamarme he didn't even bother to call me; se molestó en venir a verme — she took the trouble to come and see me

    * * *
    = bother, irk, pester, disrupt, irritate, trouble, hassle, bug, tread on + toes, spite, annoy, nag (at), disturb, upset, niggle, importune, gall, peeve.

    Ex: Why bother, then, to create an alphabetical index to the classified file when you already have a printed alphabetical index to the schedules of the classification scheme?.

    Ex: She had been told from time to time that he seemed to derive satisfaction from needling the staff, but she had never been able to pin down specifically what he does that irks them.
    Ex: And there are those whom I have pestered from time to time over the past four years, and who have patiently answered my importunity.
    Ex: Essentially, problem patrons can be considered in three groups: (1) the dangerous or apparently dangerous; (2) the patron who disrupts readers; and (3) the nuisance whose focus is the librarian.
    Ex: Their education must accordingly be designed to prepare them for that future, however much this may irritate the myopics whose only concern is for the present.
    Ex: This is a problem that has frequently troubled teachers.
    Ex: Richins also included inconveniences such as special trips to complain, time and effort required to fill out form, being treated rudely, and having to hassle someone.
    Ex: I have a question that has been bugging me since I upgraded to ProCite 5 some time ago.
    Ex: For all the indisputable good the Dalai Lama does in terms of spiritual guidance, he seems reluctant to tread on any political toes.
    Ex: Men's abuse of children is in many instances instrumental in order to coerce or retaliate against women, echoing the Greek myth of Medea who killed her own children to spite her father.
    Ex: Library pests are any humans, large or microscopic beasts, library equipment or installations, or chemical and biological substances that hamper or annoy the reader.
    Ex: This a book that I had admired but that had nagged at me for years.
    Ex: Transcribe the data as found, however, if case endings are affected, if the grammatical construction of the data would be disturbed, or if one element is inseparably linked to another.
    Ex: Especially if the new subject is one which upsets the previous structure of relationships, it will be difficult to fit into the existing order.
    Ex: He was under the knife last week to treat the knee problem that has been niggling him.
    Ex: He was a shiftless, good-for-nothing man and his shrewish wife was constantly importuning him.
    Ex: It was the American attitude of superiority that galled them the most.
    Ex: Things like talking over the performances and cutting to commercials in the middle of performances were really peaving the people who watched.
    * molestarse = stir + uneasily, get + Posesivo + knickers in a twist, get + Posesivo + panties in a bundle, begrudge, grudge, pique.
    * molestarse por = be bothered by, bridle at.

    * * *
    molestar [A1 ]
    vt
    A
    1 (importunar) to bother
    perdone que lo moleste, pero quisiera pedirle algo sorry to trouble o bother you, but I'd like to ask you something
    ¿este señor la está molestando, señorita? is this man bothering you, Miss?
    2 (interrumpir) to disturb
    no la molestes, está estudiando don't disturb her, she's studying
    que no me moleste nadie, voy a dormir un rato don't let anybody disturb me, I'm going to take a nap
    B (ofender, disgustar) to upset
    perdona si te he molestado I'm sorry if I've upset you
    ■ molestar
    vi
    A
    (importunar): ¿no te molesta ese ruido? doesn't that noise bother you?
    [ S ] se ruega no molestar please do not disturb
    ¿le molesta si fumo? do you mind if I smoke?
    me molesta su arrogancia her arrogance irritates o annoys me
    ya sabes que me molesta que hables de él you know I don't like you to talk about him, you know I get upset o it upsets me when you talk about him
    nunca uso pulseras, me molestan para trabajar I never wear bracelets, they get in the way when I'm working
    no me duele, pero me molesta it doesn't hurt but it's uncomfortable o it bothers me
    si le molesta mucho, puedo ponerle una inyección if it's very sore o painful, I could give you an injection
    B (fastidiar) to be a nuisance
    si vas a molestar, te vas de clase if you're going to be a nuisance, you can leave the classroom
    vino a ayudar pero no hizo más que molestar he came to help, but he just got in the way o made a nuisance of himself
    son unos niños encantadores, nunca molestan they're lovely children, they're never any trouble o they're no trouble at all
    no quiero molestar I don't want to be a nuisance o to get in the way o to cause any trouble
    A (disgustarse) to get upset
    no debes molestarte, lo hizo sin querer don't get upset, he didn't mean to do it
    molestarse POR algo:
    se molestó por algo he got upset about something
    espero que no se haya molestado por lo que le dije I hope you weren't upset o offended by what I said
    molestarse CON algn to get annoyed WITH sb, get cross WITH sb ( BrE)
    se molestó conmigo porque no lo invité he got annoyed o cross with me because I didn't invite him, he was put out o upset because I didn't invite him
    B (tomarse el trabajo) to bother, trouble oneself ( frml)
    no se moleste, me voy enseguida it's all right o please, don't bother o don't worry, I'm just leaving
    no se molesta por nadie, sólo piensa en él he doesn't bother o worry about anybody else, all he thinks about is himself
    ¿para qué vas a molestarte? why should you put yourself out?
    molestarse EN + INF:
    ni se molestó en llamarme he didn't even bother to call me
    se molestó en venir hasta aquí a avisarnos she took the trouble to come o she went to the trouble of coming all this way to tell us
    yo no me voy a molestar en cocinar para ellos I'm not going to put myself out cooking for them
    * * *

     

    molestar ( conjugate molestar) verbo transitivo
    1

    ◊ perdone que lo moleste sorry to trouble o bother you


    2 (ofender, disgustar) to upset
    verbo intransitivo
    1 ( importunar):
    ◊ ¿le molesta si fumo? do you mind if I smoke?;

    me molesta su arrogancia her arrogance irritates o annoys me;
    no me duele, pero me molesta it doesn't hurt but it's uncomfortable
    2 ( fastidiar) to be a nuisance;
    ◊ no quiero molestar I don't want to be a nuisance o to cause any trouble

    molestarse verbo pronominal
    1 ( disgustarse) to get upset;
    molestarse POR algo to get upset about sth;
    molestarse CON algn to get annoyed with sb
    2 ( tomarse el trabajo) to bother, trouble oneself (frml);

    se molestó en venir hasta aquí a avisarnos she took the trouble to come all this way to tell us
    molestar verbo transitivo
    1 (causar enojo, incomodidad) to disturb, bother: ¿le molestaría contestar a unas preguntas?, would you mind answering some questions?
    me molesta que grites, it annoys me when you shout
    2 (causar dolor, incomodidad) to hurt
    ' molestar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    dañar
    - dejar
    - hartar
    - jambar
    - jorobar
    - marear
    - picar
    - reventar
    - ruido
    - sino
    - vivir
    - chingar
    - chocar
    - chorear
    - embromar
    - enredar
    - fastidiar
    - fregar
    - huevear
    - importar
    - joder
    - nomás
    - solo
    English:
    aggravate
    - annoy
    - bother
    - bug
    - disturb
    - gall
    - inconvenience
    - intrude
    - irk
    - irritate
    - nettle
    - pester
    - put out
    - roil
    - trouble
    - worry
    - heckler
    - impose
    - put
    - spite
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [perturbar] to bother;
    el calor no me molesta the heat doesn't bother me;
    esa luz tan brillante me molesta that bright light is hurting my eyes;
    deja ya de molestar al gato leave the cat alone;
    ¡deja de molestarme! stop annoying me!;
    ¿te están molestando los niños? are the children bothering you?;
    las moscas no paraban de molestarnos the flies were a real nuisance;
    ¿le molesta que fume o [m5] si fumo? do you mind if I smoke?;
    ¿te molesta la radio? is the radio bothering you?;
    ¿te molesta si abro la ventana? do you mind if I open the window?;
    perdone que le moleste… I'm sorry to bother you…
    2. [doler]
    me molesta una pierna my leg is giving me a bit of trouble;
    me molesta un poco la herida my wound is rather uncomfortable o a bit sore;
    vuelva dentro de un mes si le sigue molestando come back in a month's time if it's still troubling you
    3. [ofender] to upset;
    me molestó que no me saludaras I was rather upset that you didn't say hello to me;
    … todo esto dicho sin ánimo de molestar a nadie I don't want to cause anyone offence but…
    ♦ vi
    vámonos, aquí no hacemos más que molestar let's go, we're in the way here;
    deja ya de molestar con tantas preguntas stop being such a nuisance and asking all those questions;
    ¿molesto? – no, no, pasa am I interrupting? – no, not at all, come in;
    no querría molestar, pero necesito hablar contigo un momento I don't want to interrupt, but I need to have a word with you;
    puedes aparcar el camión allí, que no molesta you can park the truck over there where it won't be in the way;
    no molestar [en letrero] do not disturb
    * * *
    v/t
    1 bother, annoy
    2 ( doler) trouble;
    no molestar do not disturb
    * * *
    1) fastidiar: to annoy, to bother
    2) : to disturb, to disrupt
    : to be a nuisance
    * * *
    1. (interrumpir) to disturb
    no lo molestes, está descansando don't disturb him he's resting
    2. (importunar) to bother
    3. (disgustar) to upset [pt. & pp. upset]
    4. (producir un dolor) to hurt [pt. & pp. hurt]
    5. (importar) to mind
    ¿le molesta que fume? do you mind if I smoke?

    Spanish-English dictionary > molestar

  • 83 muerto

    adj.
    1 dead, deceased, defunct, demised.
    2 dead, asleep, benumbed, numbed.
    3 dead-like, slothful, sluggish.
    4 dead, without electricity.
    5 discharged, without charge.
    f. & m.
    1 dead person, corpse, dead man.
    2 speed ramp, sleeping policeman.
    past part.
    past participle of spanish verb: morir.
    * * *
    1 familiar drag, bore
    ————————
    1→ link=morir morir
    1 (sin vida) dead; (sin actividad) lifeless
    2 familiar (cansado) tired, worn out
    3 (marchito) faded, withered
    ► nombre masculino,nombre femenino
    1 dead person (cadáver) corpse
    2 (víctima) victim
    1 familiar drag, bore
    \
    dejar muerto,-a a alguien familiar (de cansancio) to finish somebody off 2 (de asombro) to leave somebody dumbfounded
    caer muerto,-a to drop dead
    cargar con el muerto to be left holding the baby
    cargarle el muerto a alguien to pass the buck to somebody
    hacer el muerto (en el agua) to float on one's back
    hacerse el muerto to pretend to be dead
    'Muerto en combate' "Killed in action"
    no tener dónde caerse muerto,-a not to have a penny to one's name
    ser un/una muerto,-a de hambre to be a good-for-nothing
    ¡tus muertos! tabú up yours!
    medio muerto,-a half-dead
    * * *
    1. (f. - muerta)
    adj.
    2. (f. - muerta)
    noun
    * * *
    muerto, -a
    1.
    PP de morir
    2. ADJ
    1) [persona, animal] dead

    • muerto en acción o campaña — killed in action

    • dar por muerto a algn — to give sb up for dead

    • ser muerto a tiros — to be shot, be shot dead

    • vivo o muerto — dead or alive

    - estar muerto y enterrado
    ángulo, cal, lengua, marea, naturaleza, punto, tiempo, vía
    2) * [para exagerar]
    a) (=cansado) dead tired *, ready to drop *

    después del viaje estábamos muertos — we were dead tired o ready to drop after the journey *

    b) (=sin animación) dead
    c)

    • estar muerto de algo, estaba muerto de la envidia — I was green with envy

    me voy a la cama, que estoy muerta de sueño — I'm going to bed, I'm dead tired *

    estoy muerta de cansancio — I'm dead tired o dog tired *, I'm ready to drop *

    • estar muerto de risa — [persona] to laugh one's head off, kill o.s. laughing; [casa] to be going to rack and ruin; Esp [ropa] to be gathering dust

    estaba muerto de risa con sus chistes — I laughed my head off at his jokes, I killed myself laughing at his jokes

    3) (=relajado) [brazo, mano] limp
    4) (=apagado) [color] dull
    3. SM / F
    1) (=persona muerta)
    [en accidente, guerra]

    ¿ha habido muertos en el accidente? — was anyone killed in the accident?

    el conflicto ha causado 45.000 muertos — the conflict has caused 45,000 deaths o the deaths of 45,000 people

    el número de muertos va en aumento — the death toll o the number of deaths is rising

    • doblar a muerto — to toll the death knell

    • los muertos — the dead

    • tocar a muerto — to toll the death knell

    ni muerto * —

    resucitar a un muerto —

    esta sopa resucita a un muerto — hum this soup really hits the spot *

    2) * (=cadáver) body

    • hacer el muerto — to float

    ¿sabes hacer el muerto boca arriba? — can you float on your back?

    • hacerse el muerto — to pretend to be dead

    4. SM
    1) * (=tarea pesada) drag *

    ¡vaya muerto que nos ha caído encima! — Esp what a drag! *

    lo siento, pero te ha tocado a ti el muerto de decírselo al jefe — I'm sorry, but you've drawn the short straw - you've got to tell the boss

    ese muerto yo no me lo cargo, yo soy inocente — I'm not taking the blame o rap *, I'm innocent

    a mí no me cargas tú ese muerto, yo no tengo nada que ver en este asunto — don't try and pin the blame on me, I've got nothing to do with this

    2) (Naipes) dummy
    DÍA DE LOS MUERTOS 2 November, All Souls' Day, called the Día de los Muertos elsewhere in the Spanish-speaking world and Día de los Difuntos in Spain, is the day when Christians throughout the Spanish-speaking world traditionally honour their dead. In Mexico the festivities are particularly spectacular with a week-long festival, starting on 1 November, in which Christian and ancient pagan customs are married. 1 November itself is for children who have died, while 2 November is set aside for adults. Families meet to take food, flowers and sweets in the shape of skeletons, coffins and crosses to the graves of their loved ones. In Spain people celebrate the Día de los Difuntos by taking flowers to the cemetery. 20-N N 20-N is commonly used as shorthand to refer to the anniversary of General Franco's death on 20 November 1975. Every year supporters of the far right hold a commemorative rally in Madrid's Plaza de Oriente, the scene of many of Franco's speeches to the people.
    * * *
    I
    - ta adjetivo
    1) [ESTAR]
    a) <persona/animal/planta> dead

    muerto y enterrado — dead and buried, over and done with (colloq)

    ni muerto or muerta — no way (colloq), no chance (colloq)

    b) (fam) ( cansado) dead beat (colloq)
    c) (fam) (pasando, padeciendo)

    muerto DE algo: estar muerto de hambre/frío/sueño to be starving/freezing/dead-tired (colloq); estaba muerto de miedo he was scared stiff (colloq); muerto de (la) risa (fam): estaba muerto de risa — he was laughing his head off

    2) (como pp) (period)
    3)
    a) <pueblo/zona> dead, lifeless
    b) ( inerte) limp
    c) <carretera/camino> disused
    II
    - ta masculino, femenino

    lo juro por mis muertos — (fam) I swear on my mother's grave

    cargar con el muerto — (fam) ( con un trabajo pesado) to do the dirty work

    2) muerto masculino ( en naipes) dummy
    * * *
    = dead, deceased, dulled, dead and buried, dead and gone.
    Ex. The newcomer to the subject may be forgiven for concluding that the concept of post-coordinate indexing is dead.
    Ex. Deceased persons of high renown in these fields will also be included.
    Ex. Adolescents cannot be led so easily, so unselfconsciously as children, and disenchantment can be a door that closes tight against attempts to reinvigorate dulled literary receptivity.
    Ex. The article 'Is horror dead and buried?' discusses the current state of the horror fiction market, and how predictions of its collapse have failed to materialize.
    Ex. The article is entitled 'Who's gonna take out the garbage when I'm dead and gone? New roles for leaders'.
    ----
    * ángulo muerto = blind spot.
    * bebé que nace muerto = stillbirth [still-birth].
    * caerse muerto = drop + dead.
    * cargar el muerto = pass + the bucket.
    * causar muertos = take + a toll on life.
    * comprar hasta caer muerto = shop 'til you drop.
    * cuerpo de animal muerto = carcass.
    * dado por muerto = presumed dead.
    * declarar muerto = declare + dead, pronounce + dead.
    * doblar a muerto = sound + the death knell for.
    * el muerto al hoyo y el vivo al bollo = dead men have no friends.
    * estar muerto de asco = be bored to death, be bored stiff, be bored to tears, be bored out of + Posesivo + mind.
    * estar muerto de hambre = be starving to death.
    * estar muerto de miedo = be scared stiff, be frightened to death, be petrified of, be terrified.
    * estar muerto de sed = spit + feathers, be parched, be parched with thirst.
    * fingir estar muerto = feign + death.
    * hacerle una paja a un muerto = flog + a dead horse, beat + a dead horse, fart + in the wind.
    * hacerse el muerto = play + possum, play + dead.
    * hombre muerto = goner.
    * lengua muerta = dead language, dead tongue.
    * manuscritos del Mar Muerto, los = Dead Sea Scrolls, the.
    * Mar Muerto, el = Dead Sea, the.
    * más que muerto = dead and buried.
    * materia muerta = dead matter, inanimate matter.
    * muerto de cansancio = tired to death.
    * muerto de curiosidad = agog.
    * muerto de frío = frozen to the bone, frozen to the marrow (of the bones), chilled to the bone, chilled to the marrow (of the bones).
    * muerto de hambre = poverty-stricken, starving.
    * muerto en combate = killed in action.
    * muerto en vida = living dead.
    * muertos, los = slain, the, dead, the.
    * muerto viviente = living dead.
    * muerto y bien muerto = dead and buried.
    * nacido muerto = stillborn.
    * ¡ni muerto! = Not on your life!, You won't catch me doing it.
    * no acercarse a Algo ni muerto = would not touch + Nombre + with a barge pole.
    * no hacer Algo ni muerto = would not touch + Nombre + with a barge pole.
    * no tener donde caerse muerto = not have two pennies to rub together.
    * número de muertos = death toll.
    * oler a perros muertos = stink to + high heaven.
    * pasar el muerto = pass + the bucket.
    * punto muerto = stalemate, dead end street, deadlock, standoff.
    * resucitar a los muertos = raise + the dead.
    * revista muerta = inactive journal.
    * rollos del Mar Muerto, los = Dead Sea Scrolls, the.
    * supuestamente muerto = presumed dead.
    * tema muerto = dead issue.
    * tener cara de muerto = look like + death warmed (over/up).
    * tiempo muerto = downtime, time out.
    * tocar a muerto = sound + the death knell for.
    * trabajar hasta caer muerto = work + Reflexivo + to the ground, work + Reflexivo + to death.
    * * *
    I
    - ta adjetivo
    1) [ESTAR]
    a) <persona/animal/planta> dead

    muerto y enterrado — dead and buried, over and done with (colloq)

    ni muerto or muerta — no way (colloq), no chance (colloq)

    b) (fam) ( cansado) dead beat (colloq)
    c) (fam) (pasando, padeciendo)

    muerto DE algo: estar muerto de hambre/frío/sueño to be starving/freezing/dead-tired (colloq); estaba muerto de miedo he was scared stiff (colloq); muerto de (la) risa (fam): estaba muerto de risa — he was laughing his head off

    2) (como pp) (period)
    3)
    a) <pueblo/zona> dead, lifeless
    b) ( inerte) limp
    c) <carretera/camino> disused
    II
    - ta masculino, femenino

    lo juro por mis muertos — (fam) I swear on my mother's grave

    cargar con el muerto — (fam) ( con un trabajo pesado) to do the dirty work

    2) muerto masculino ( en naipes) dummy
    * * *
    = dead, deceased, dulled, dead and buried, dead and gone.

    Ex: The newcomer to the subject may be forgiven for concluding that the concept of post-coordinate indexing is dead.

    Ex: Deceased persons of high renown in these fields will also be included.
    Ex: Adolescents cannot be led so easily, so unselfconsciously as children, and disenchantment can be a door that closes tight against attempts to reinvigorate dulled literary receptivity.
    Ex: The article 'Is horror dead and buried?' discusses the current state of the horror fiction market, and how predictions of its collapse have failed to materialize.
    Ex: The article is entitled 'Who's gonna take out the garbage when I'm dead and gone? New roles for leaders'.
    * ángulo muerto = blind spot.
    * bebé que nace muerto = stillbirth [still-birth].
    * caerse muerto = drop + dead.
    * cargar el muerto = pass + the bucket.
    * causar muertos = take + a toll on life.
    * comprar hasta caer muerto = shop 'til you drop.
    * cuerpo de animal muerto = carcass.
    * dado por muerto = presumed dead.
    * declarar muerto = declare + dead, pronounce + dead.
    * doblar a muerto = sound + the death knell for.
    * el muerto al hoyo y el vivo al bollo = dead men have no friends.
    * estar muerto de asco = be bored to death, be bored stiff, be bored to tears, be bored out of + Posesivo + mind.
    * estar muerto de hambre = be starving to death.
    * estar muerto de miedo = be scared stiff, be frightened to death, be petrified of, be terrified.
    * estar muerto de sed = spit + feathers, be parched, be parched with thirst.
    * fingir estar muerto = feign + death.
    * hacerle una paja a un muerto = flog + a dead horse, beat + a dead horse, fart + in the wind.
    * hacerse el muerto = play + possum, play + dead.
    * hombre muerto = goner.
    * lengua muerta = dead language, dead tongue.
    * manuscritos del Mar Muerto, los = Dead Sea Scrolls, the.
    * Mar Muerto, el = Dead Sea, the.
    * más que muerto = dead and buried.
    * materia muerta = dead matter, inanimate matter.
    * mosquita muerta = butter wouldn't melt in his mouth.
    * muerto de cansancio = tired to death.
    * muerto de curiosidad = agog.
    * muerto de frío = frozen to the bone, frozen to the marrow (of the bones), chilled to the bone, chilled to the marrow (of the bones).
    * muerto de hambre = poverty-stricken, starving.
    * muerto en combate = killed in action.
    * muerto en vida = living dead.
    * muertos, los = slain, the, dead, the.
    * muerto viviente = living dead.
    * muerto y bien muerto = dead and buried.
    * nacido muerto = stillborn.
    * ¡ni muerto! = Not on your life!, You won't catch me doing it.
    * no acercarse a Algo ni muerto = would not touch + Nombre + with a barge pole.
    * no hacer Algo ni muerto = would not touch + Nombre + with a barge pole.
    * no tener donde caerse muerto = not have two pennies to rub together.
    * número de muertos = death toll.
    * oler a perros muertos = stink to + high heaven.
    * pasar el muerto = pass + the bucket.
    * punto muerto = stalemate, dead end street, deadlock, standoff.
    * resucitar a los muertos = raise + the dead.
    * revista muerta = inactive journal.
    * rollos del Mar Muerto, los = Dead Sea Scrolls, the.
    * supuestamente muerto = presumed dead.
    * tema muerto = dead issue.
    * tener cara de muerto = look like + death warmed (over/up).
    * tiempo muerto = downtime, time out.
    * tocar a muerto = sound + the death knell for.
    * trabajar hasta caer muerto = work + Reflexivo + to the ground, work + Reflexivo + to death.

    * * *
    muerto1 -ta
    A [ ESTAR]
    1 ‹persona/animal/planta› dead
    sus padres están muertos her parents are dead
    resultaron muertos 30 mineros 30 miners died o were killed
    se busca vivo o muerto wanted dead or alive
    lo dieron por muerto he was given up for dead
    soldados muertos en combate soldiers who died in action
    lo encontraron más muerto que vivo ( fam); when they found him he was more dead than alive
    muerto y enterrado dead and buried, over and done with ( colloq)
    ni muertoor muerta no way ( colloq), no chance ( colloq)
    caer v pron A 2. (↑ caer)
    2 ( fam) (cansado) dead beat ( colloq)
    3 ( fam) (pasando, padeciendo) muerto DE algo:
    estábamos muertos de hambre/frío/sueño we were starving/freezing/dead-tired ( colloq)
    estaba muerto de miedo he was scared stiff ( colloq), he was rigid with fear
    muerto de angustia sick with worry
    muerto de (la) risa ( fam): estaba muerto de risa delante del televisor he was sitting in front of the television laughing his head off o killing himself laughing
    un vestido tan caro y lo tienes ahí muerto de risa that's a really expensive dress and you leave it just gathering dust ( colloq)
    B ( como pp) ( period):
    fue muerto a tiros he was shot dead
    las dos personas que fueron muertas por los terroristas the two people killed by the terrorists
    C
    1 ‹pueblo/zona› dead, lifeless
    2 (inerte) limp
    deja la mano muerta relax your hand, let your hand go limp o floppy
    3 ‹carretera/camino› disused vía1 (↑ vía (1)), lengua, naturaleza
    muerto2 -ta
    masculine, feminine
    A
    (persona muerta): hubo dos muertos en el accidente two people died o were killed in the accident
    las campanas doblaron or tocaron a muerto the bells sounded the death knell ( liter)
    lo juro por mis muertos ( fam); I swear on my mother's grave o life
    hacerse el muerto to pretend to be dead, play possum
    cargar con el muerto ( fam): como nadie se ofrece, siempre tengo que cargar con el muerto nobody else volunteers so I'm always left to do the dirty work
    se fueron sin pagar y me tocó cargar con el muerto they took off and left me to pick up the tab ( colloq)
    ese muerto no lo cargo yo don't look at me! ( colloq)
    cargarle el muerto a algn ( fam) (responsabilizar) to pin the blame on sb; (endilgarle la tarea) to give sb the dirty work ( colloq)
    está como para resucitar a los muertos it goes right to the spot o really hits the spot ( colloq)
    hacer el muerto to float on one's back
    levantar el muerto ( fam); to pick up the tab ( colloq)
    poner los muertos: en esa guerra nosotros hemos puesto los muertos we provided the cannon fodder in that war
    un muerto de hambre ( fam): no comas de esa manera, que pareces un muerto de hambre don't eat like that, anyone would think you hadn't had a meal in weeks
    una chica tan bien y se ha casado con ese muerto de hambre such a nice girl and she's gone and got married to that nobody ( colloq)
    el muerto al hoyo y el vivo al bollo dead men have no friends
    B
    * * *

     

    Del verbo morir: ( conjugate morir)

    muerto es:

    el participio

    Multiple Entries:
    morir    
    muerto
    morir ( conjugate morir) verbo intransitivo
    a) [persona/animal] to die;


    murió asesinada she was murdered;
    muerto DE algo ‹de vejez/cáncer› to die of sth;
    murió de hambre she starved to death;
    ¡y allí muere! (AmC fam) and that's all there is to it!
    b) (liter) [civilización/costumbre] to die out

    morirse verbo pronominal [persona/animal/planta] to die;

    se me murió la perra my dog died;
    no te vas a muerto por ayudarlo (fam) it won't kill you to help him (colloq);
    como se entere me muero (fam) I'll die if she finds out (colloq);
    muertose DE algo ‹de un infarto/de cáncer› to die of sth;
    se moría de miedo/aburrimiento he was scared stiff/bored stiff;
    me muero de frío I'm freezing;
    me estoy muriendo de hambre I'm starving (colloq);
    me muero por una cerveza I'm dying for a beer (colloq);
    se muere por verla he's dying to see her (colloq)
    muerto -ta adjetivo
    1 [ESTAR]
    a) ‹persona/animal/planta› dead;


    resultaron muertos 30 mineros 30 miners died o were killed;
    caer muerto to drop dead
    b) (fam) ( cansado) dead beat (colloq)

    c) (fam) (pasando, padeciendo):

    ◊ estar muerto de hambre/frío/sueño to be starving/freezing/dead-tired (colloq);

    estaba muerto de miedo he was scared stiff (colloq);
    muerto de (la) risa (fam): estaba muerto de risa he was laughing his head off
    2
    a) ‹pueblo/zona› dead, lifeless

    b) ( inerte) limp

    ■ sustantivo masculino, femenino
    1 ( persona muerta):
    ◊ hubo dos muertos two people died o were killed;

    hacerse el muerto to pretend to be dead;
    cargar con el muerto (fam) ( con un trabajo pesado) to do the dirty work;
    cargarle el muerto a algn (fam) ( responsabilizar) to pin the blame on sb;

    ( endilgarle la tarea) to give sb the dirty work (colloq);

    2
    ◊ muerto sustantivo masculino ( en naipes) dummy

    morir verbo intransitivo to die
    morir de agotamiento/hambre, to die of exhaustion/starvation
    muerto,-a
    I adjetivo
    1 (sin vida) dead
    2 (cansado) exhausted
    3 (ciudad, pueblo) dead
    horas muertas, spare time
    Dep tiempo muerto, time-out
    4 (uso enfático) muerto de frío/miedo, frozen/scared to death
    muerto de hambre, starving
    muerto de risa, laughing one's head off
    5 Auto (en) punto muerto, (in) neutral
    II sustantivo masculino y femenino
    1 (cadáver) dead person
    2 (tarea fastidiosa) dirty job
    3 (víctima de accidente) fatality
    4 fam LAm empty bottle
    ' muerto' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    dar
    - desaparecida
    - desaparecido
    - fiambre
    - fosa
    - interfecta
    - interfecto
    - muerta
    - punto
    - reposar
    - resucitar
    - risa
    - seca
    - seco
    - tiempo
    - velar
    - yacer
    - caer
    - carroña
    - disecar
    - sepultar
    English:
    accidentally
    - body
    - born
    - coast
    - convulse
    - dead
    - Dead Sea
    - dead weight
    - deadbeat
    - deadlock
    - death
    - envy
    - for
    - fur
    - good
    - half
    - half-dead
    - impasse
    - late
    - life
    - name
    - neutral
    - parched
    - penny
    - play
    - possum
    - read
    - sick
    - stalemate
    - stand-off
    - stiff
    - stillbirth
    - stillborn
    - stone
    - be
    - brain
    - carcass
    - famished
    - fatality
    - fear
    - flop
    - free
    - grind
    - half-
    - petrified
    - pronounce
    - stab
    - still
    - stuck
    * * *
    muerto, -a
    ♦ participio
    ver morir
    ♦ adj
    1. [sin vida] dead;
    caer muerto to drop dead;
    dar por muerto a alguien to give sb up for dead;
    varios transeúntes resultaron muertos a number of passers-by were killed;
    este sitio está muerto en invierno this place is dead in winter;
    estar muerto de frío to be freezing to death;
    estar muerto de hambre to be starving;
    estar muerto de miedo to be scared to death;
    estábamos muertos de risa we nearly died laughing;
    Fam
    estar muerto de risa [objeto] to be lying around doing nothing;
    estar más muerto que vivo de hambre/cansancio to be half dead with hunger/exhaustion;
    Am
    estar muerto por alguien [enamorado] to be head over heels in love with sb;
    no tiene dónde caerse muerto he doesn't have a penny to his name;
    muerto el perro, se acabó la rabia the best way to solve a problem is to attack its root cause
    2. Fam [muy cansado]
    estar muerto (de cansancio), estar medio muerto to be dead beat;
    estoy que me caigo muerto I'm fit to drop
    3. Formal [matado]
    fue muerto de un disparo he was shot dead;
    muerto en combate killed in action
    4. [color] dull
    ♦ nm,f
    1. [fallecido] dead person;
    [cadáver] corpse;
    hubo dos muertos two people died;
    hacer el muerto [sobre el agua] to float on one's back;
    hacerse el muerto to pretend to be dead, to play dead;
    las campanas tocaban a muerto the bells were tolling the death knell;
    Fam
    cargar con el muerto [trabajo, tarea] to be left holding the baby;
    [culpa] to get the blame; Fam
    cargarle o [m5] echarle el muerto a alguien [trabajo, tarea] to leave the dirty work to sb;
    [culpa] to put the blame on sb; Fam
    un muerto de hambre: se casó con un muerto de hambre she married a man who didn't have a penny to his name;
    el muerto al hoyo y el vivo al bollo life goes on (in spite of everything)
    2.
    los muertos [los fallecidos] the dead;
    el ejército derrotado enterraba a sus muertos the defeated army was burying its dead;
    resucitar de entre los muertos to rise from the dead;
    Vulg
    ¡(me cago en) tus muertos! you motherfucker!
    ♦ nm
    [en naipes] dummy hand
    * * *
    I part → morir
    II adj dead;
    muerto de hambre starving; fig, desp penniless, down and out;
    muerto de sueño dead-tired;
    más muerto que vivo fig half-dead;
    no tener dónde caerse muerto fam be as poor as a church mouse fam
    III m, muerta f dead person;
    hacer el muerto en el agua float on one’s back;
    colgar(le) a alguien el muerto fig get s.o. to do the dirty work
    * * *
    muerto, -ta adj
    1) : dead
    2) : lifeless, flat, dull
    3)
    muerto de : dying of
    estoy muerto de hambre: I'm dying of hunger
    muerto, -ta nm
    difunto: dead person, deceased
    * * *
    muerto1 adj dead
    muerto2 n dead person / dead body [pl. bodies]

    Spanish-English dictionary > muerto

  • 84 work

    1. noun
    1) no pl., no indef. art. Arbeit, die

    at work — (engaged in working) bei der Arbeit; (fig.): (operating) am Werk (see also academic.ru/23063/e">e)

    be at work on something — an etwas (Dat.) arbeiten; (fig.) auf etwas (Akk.) wirken

    set to work — [Person:] sich an die Arbeit machen

    set somebody to work — jemanden an die Arbeit schicken

    have one's work cut out — viel zu tun haben; sich ranhalten müssen (ugs.)

    2) (thing made or achieved) Werk, das

    is that all your own work? — hast du das alles selbst gemacht?

    work of art — Kunstwerk, das

    3) (book, piece of music) Werk, das

    a work of reference/literature/art — ein Nachschlagewerk/literarisches Werk/Kunstwerk

    4) in pl. (of author or composer) Werke
    5) (employment) Arbeit, die

    out of work — arbeitslos; ohne Arbeit

    at work — (place of employment) auf der Arbeit (see also a)

    6) in pl., usu. constr. as sing. (factory) Werk, das
    7) in pl. (Mil.) Werke; Befestigungen
    8) in pl. (operations of building etc.) Arbeiten
    9) in pl. (machine's operative parts) Werk, das
    10) in pl. (coll.): (all that can be included)

    the [whole/full] works — der ganze Kram (ugs.)

    give somebody the works — (fig.) (give somebody the best possible treatment) jemandem richtig verwöhnen (ugs.); (give somebody the worst possible treatment) jemanden fertig machen (salopp)

    2. intransitive verb,
    worked or (arch./literary) wrought

    work for a cause — etc. für eine Sache usw. arbeiten

    work against something — (impede) einer Sache (Dat.) entgegenstehen

    2) (function effectively) funktionieren; [Charme:] wirken (on auf + Akk.)

    make the washing machine/television work — die Waschmaschine/den Fernsehapparat in Ordnung bringen

    3) [Rad, Getriebe, Kette:] laufen
    4) (be craftsman)

    work in a material — mit od. (fachspr.) in einem Material arbeiten

    5) [Faktoren, Einflüsse:] wirken (on auf + Akk.)

    work against — arbeiten gegen; see also work on

    6) (make its/one's way) sich schieben

    work round to a question — (fig.) sich zu einer Frage vorarbeiten

    3. transitive verb,
    worked or (arch./literary) wrought
    1) (operate) bedienen [Maschine]; fahren [Schiff]; betätigen [Bremse]
    2) (get labour from) arbeiten lassen
    3) (get material from) ausbeuten [Steinbruch, Grube]
    4) (operate in or on) [Vertreter:] bereisen
    5) (control) steuern
    6) (effect) bewirken [Änderung]; wirken [Wunder]

    work it or things so that... — (coll.) es deichseln, dass... (ugs.)

    7) (cause to go gradually) führen

    work one's way up/into something — sich hocharbeiten/in etwas (Akk.) hineinarbeiten

    8) (get gradually) bringen
    9) (knead, stir)

    work something into something — etwas zu etwas verarbeiten; (mix in) etwas unter etwas (Akk.) rühren

    work oneself into a state/a rage — sich aufregen/in einen Wutanfall hineinsteigern

    11) (make by needlework etc.) arbeiten; aufsticken [Muster] (on auf + Akk.)
    12) (purchase, obtain with labour) abarbeiten; (fig.)

    she worked her way through college — sie hat sich (Dat.) ihr Studium selbst verdient; see also passage 6)

    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    [wə:k] 1. noun
    1) (effort made in order to achieve or make something: He has done a lot of work on this project) die Arbeit
    2) (employment: I cannot find work in this town.) die Arbeit
    3) (a task or tasks; the thing that one is working on: Please clear your work off the table.) die Arbeit
    4) (a painting, book, piece of music etc: the works of Van Gogh / Shakespeare/Mozart; This work was composed in 1816.) das Werk
    5) (the product or result of a person's labours: His work has shown a great improvement lately.) die Arbeit
    6) (one's place of employment: He left (his) work at 5.30 p.m.; I don't think I'll go to work tomorrow.) die Arbeit
    2. verb
    1) (to (cause to) make efforts in order to achieve or make something: She works at the factory three days a week; He works his employees very hard; I've been working on/at a new project.) arbeiten
    2) (to be employed: Are you working just now?) arbeiten
    3) (to (cause to) operate (in the correct way): He has no idea how that machine works / how to work that machine; That machine doesn't/won't work, but this one's working.) funktionieren
    4) (to be practicable and/or successful: If my scheme works, we'll be rich!) klappen
    5) (to make (one's way) slowly and carefully with effort or difficulty: She worked her way up the rock face.) sich arbeiten
    6) (to get into, or put into, a stated condition or position, slowly and gradually: The wheel worked loose.) sich arbeiten
    7) (to make by craftsmanship: The ornaments had been worked in gold.) arbeiten
    •
    - -work
    - workable
    - worker
    - works     3. noun plural
    1) (the mechanism (of a watch, clock etc): The works are all rusted.) das Werk
    2) (deeds, actions etc: She's devoted her life to good works.) das Werk
    •
    - work-basket
    - work-box
    - workbook
    - workforce
    - working class
    - working day
    - work-day
    - working hours
    - working-party
    - work-party
    - working week
    - workman
    - workmanlike
    - workmanship
    - workmate
    - workout
    - workshop
    - at work
    - get/set to work
    - go to work on
    - have one's work cut out
    - in working order
    - out of work
    - work of art
    - work off
    - work out
    - work up
    - work up to
    - work wonders
    * * *
    [wɜ:k, AM wɜ:rk]
    I. NOUN
    1. no pl (useful activity) Arbeit f; ( fig)
    to be at \work am Werk sein
    forces of destruction are at \work here hier sind zerstörerische Kräfte am Werk
    various factors are at \work in this situation in dieser Situation spielen verschiedene Faktoren eine Rolle
    good \work! gute Arbeit!
    there's a lot of \work to be done yet es gibt noch viel zu tun
    the garden needs a lot of \work im Garten muss [so] einiges gemacht werden
    \work on the tunnel has been suspended die Arbeiten am Tunnel wurden vorübergehend eingestellt
    did you manage to get a bit of \work done? konntest du ein bisschen arbeiten?
    construction/repair \work Bau-/Reparaturarbeiten pl
    research \work Forschungsarbeit f
    it's hard \work doing sth (strenuous) es ist anstrengend, etw zu tun; (difficult) es ist schwierig, etw zu tun
    to be at \work doing sth [gerade] damit beschäftigt sein, etw zu tun
    to get [or go] [or set] to \work sich akk an die Arbeit machen
    to get [or go] [or set] to \work on sth sich akk an etw akk machen
    to make \work for sb jdm Arbeit machen
    to make \work for oneself sich dat unnötige Arbeit machen
    to put [or set] sb to \work doing sth jdn [damit] beauftragen, etw zu tun
    2. no pl (employment) Arbeit f
    what sort of \work do you have experience in? über welche Berufserfahrung verfügen Sie?
    she's got \work as a translator sie hat Arbeit [o eine Stelle] als Übersetzerin gefunden
    to look for \work auf Arbeitssuche sein
    he's looking for \work as a system analyst er sucht Arbeit [o eine Stelle] als Systemanalytiker
    to be in \work Arbeit [o eine Stelle] haben
    to be out of \work arbeitslos sein
    3. no pl (place of employment) Arbeit f, Arbeitsplatz m
    to be late for \work zu spät zur Arbeit kommen
    to have to stay late at \work lange arbeiten müssen
    to be at \work bei der Arbeit sein
    to be off \work frei haben; (without permission) fehlen
    to be off \work sick sich akk krankgemeldet haben
    to commute to \work pendeln
    to get to \work by car/on the train mit dem Auto/mit dem Zug zur Arbeit fahren
    to go/travel to \work zur Arbeit gehen/fahren
    to be injured at \work einen Arbeitsunfall haben
    to ring sb from \work jdn von der Arbeit [aus] anrufen
    ▪ \works pl Arbeiten pl
    building/road \works Bau-/Straßenarbeiten pl
    5. no pl (result, product) Arbeit f; (act) Werk nt
    this is the \work of professional thieves das ist das Werk professioneller Diebe
    good \works REL gute Werke
    6. ART, LIT, MUS Werk nt
    ‘The Complete W\works of William Shakespeare’ ‚Shakespeares gesammelte Werke‘
    \works of art Kunstwerke pl
    \work in bronze Bronzearbeiten pl
    \work in leather aus Leder gefertigte Arbeiten
    sb's early/later \work jds Früh-/Spätwerk nt
    to show one's \work in a gallery seine Arbeiten in einer Galerie ausstellen
    ▪ \works + sing/pl vb Werk nt, Fabrik f
    steel \works Stahlwerk nt
    ▪ \works pl of a clock Uhrwerk nt; of a machine Getriebe nt
    ▪ the \works pl das ganze Drum und Dran kein pl fam
    two large pizzas with the \works, please! esp AM zwei große Pizzen mit allem bitte!
    10. no pl PHYS Arbeit f
    11. MIL
    ▪ \works pl Befestigungen pl
    12.
    ▶ to be a [real] piece of \work ( fam) ganz schön nervig sein fam
    ▶ to have one's \work cut out ( fam) sich akk mächtig reinknien müssen fam
    ▶ to get [or go] [or set] to \work on sb ( fam) jdn bearbeiten fam
    ▶ to give sb the \works ( dated sl) jdn [ordentlich] in die Mangel nehmen fam
    1. (climate, report, week) Arbeits-
    \work clothes Arbeitskleidung f
    \work speed Arbeitstempo nt
    2.
    ▪ \works (canteen, inspection) Werks-
    \works premises Werksgelände nt
    1. (do a job) arbeiten
    where do you \work? wo arbeiten Sie?
    to \work as an accountant als Buchhalter arbeiten
    to \work a twelve-hour day/a forty-hour week zwölf Stunden am Tag/vierzig Stunden in der Woche arbeiten
    to \work from home zu Hause [o von zu Hause aus] arbeiten
    to \work at the hospital/abroad im Krankenhaus/im Ausland arbeiten
    to \work like a slave [or AM, AUS dog] ( fam) wie ein Tier schuften fam
    to \work like a Trojan BRIT wie ein Pferd arbeiten fam
    to \work hard hart arbeiten
    to \work together zusammenarbeiten
    ▪ to \work with sb mit jdm zusammenarbeiten
    2. (be busy, active) arbeiten
    we're \working to prevent it happening again wir bemühen uns [o arbeiten daran], so etwas in Zukunft zu verhindern
    to \work towards a degree in biology einen Hochschulabschluss in Biologie anstreben
    ▪ to \work at/on sth an etw dat arbeiten
    we're \working on it wir arbeiten daran
    to \work at a problem an einem Problem arbeiten
    to \work hard at doing sth hart daran arbeiten, etw zu tun
    ▪ to \work for/towards sth auf etw akk hinwirken [o hinarbeiten
    3. (have an effect) sich auswirken
    to \work both ways sich sowohl positiv als auch negativ auswirken
    ▪ to \work in sb's favour sich zu jds Gunsten auswirken
    ▪ to \work against sb/sth sich negativ für jdn/auf etw akk auswirken
    4. (function) funktionieren; generator, motor laufen
    my cell phone doesn't \work mein Handy geht nicht
    the boiler seems to be \working okay der Boiler scheint in Ordnung zu sein
    I can't get this washing machine to \work ich kriege die Waschmaschine irgendwie nicht zum Laufen
    to \work off batteries batteriebetrieben sein
    to \work off the mains BRIT mit Netzstrom arbeiten
    to \work off wind power mit Windenergie arbeiten
    5. (be successful) funktionieren, klappen fam; plan, tactics aufgehen
    to \work in practice [auch] in der Praxis funktionieren
    6. MED medicine, pill wirken
    7. (be based)
    to \work on the assumption/idea that... von der Annahme/Vorstellung ausgehen, dass...
    8. (move)
    to \work free/loose sich lösen/lockern
    ▪ to \work down clothes runterrutschen fam
    to \work windward NAUT gegen den Wind segeln
    9. ( liter: change expression) arbeiten; (contort) sich verzerren
    10. NAUT
    to \work windward [hart] am Wind segeln
    11.
    ▶ to \work like a charm [or like magic] Wunder bewirken
    ▶ to \work till you drop ( fam) bis zum Umfallen arbeiten
    ▶ to \work on sb jdn bearbeiten fam
    to \work oneself to death ( fam) sich akk zu Tode arbeiten [o fam schinden]
    to \work sb/oneself hard jdm/sich viel abverlangen
    ▪ to \work sth machine etw bedienen; piece of equipment etw betätigen
    to be \worked by electricity/steam elektrisch/dampfgetrieben sein
    to be \worked by wind power durch Windenergie angetrieben werden
    ▪ to \work sth out of sth etw aus etw dat herausbekommen
    to \work one's way through an article/a book sich akk durch einen Artikel/ein Buch durcharbeiten
    to \work one's way through a crowd/out of a crowded room sich dat einen Weg durch die Menge/aus einem überfüllten Zimmer bahnen
    to \work one's way down a list eine Liste durchgehen
    to \work one's way up sich akk hocharbeiten
    he's \worked his way up through the firm er hat sich in der Firma hochgearbeitet
    to \work sth free/loose etw losbekommen/lockern
    sth \works itself free/loose etw löst/lockert sich akk
    to \work sth [backwards and forwards] etw [hin- und her]bewegen
    ▪ sth \works itself out of sth etw löst sich aus etw dat
    ▪ to \work sth etw bewirken
    I don't know how she \worked it! ich weiß nicht, wie sie das geschafft hat!
    to \work oneself into a more positive frame of mind sich dat eine positivere Lebenseinstellung erarbeiten
    to \work a cure eine Heilung herbeiführen
    to \work a miracle ein Wunder vollbringen
    to \work miracles [or wonders] [wahre] Wunder vollbringen
    to \work oneself into a frenzy [or rage] in Rage geraten fam
    to \work sb into a frenzy [or rage] jdn in Rage bringen fam
    to \work oneself into a state sich akk aufregen
    to \work sb into a state of jealousy jdn eifersüchtig machen
    6. (shape)
    ▪ to \work sth etw bearbeiten
    to \work clay Ton formen
    7. (mix, rub)
    ▪ to \work sth into sth etw in etw akk einarbeiten; food etw mit etw dat vermengen; (incorporate) etw in etw akk einbauen [o einfügen]
    to \work the ingredients together die Zutaten [miteinander] vermengen
    to \work sth into the skin (rub) die Haut mit etw dat einreiben; (massage) etw in die Haut einmassieren
    ▪ to \work sth etw [auf]sticken
    to \work a monogram on sth etw mit einem Monogramm besticken, ein Monogramm auf etw akk sticken
    to \work the land das Land bewirtschaften; (exploit)
    to \work a mine/quarry eine Mine/einen Steinbruch ausbeuten
    10. (cover)
    to \work the inner city [area]/the East Side für die Innenstadt/die East Side zuständig sein
    11. (pay for by working)
    to \work one's passage sich dat seine Überfahrt durch Arbeit auf dem Schiff verdienen
    to \work one's way through university sich dat sein Studium finanzieren
    12.
    ▶ to \work one's fingers to the bone [for sb] ( fam) sich dat [für jdn] den Rücken krumm arbeiten fam
    ▶ to \work a treat BRIT ( fam) prima funktionieren fam
    * * *
    [wɜːk]
    1. n
    1) (= toil, labour, task) Arbeit f

    there are forces at work which... — es sind Kräfte am Werk, die...

    nice or good work! — gut or super (inf) gemacht!

    we've a lot of work to do before this choir can give a concert — wir haben noch viel zu tun, ehe dieser Chor ein Konzert geben kann

    you need to do some more work on your accent/your technique — Sie müssen noch an Ihrem Akzent/an Ihrer Technik arbeiten

    to make short or quick work of sb/sth — mit jdm/etw kurzen Prozess machen

    time/the medicine had done its work — die Zeit/Arznei hatte ihr Werk vollbracht/ihre Wirkung getan

    2) (= employment, job) Arbeit f

    how long does it take you to get to work? — wie lange brauchst du, um zu deiner Arbeitsstelle zu kommen?

    at work — an der Arbeitsstelle, am Arbeitsplatz

    3) (= product) Arbeit f; (ART, LITER) Werk nt

    a chance for artists to show their work — eine Gelegenheit für Künstler, ihre Arbeiten or Werke zu zeigen

    4) pl (MIL) Befestigungen pl
    5) pl (MECH) Getriebe, Innere(s) nt; (of watch, clock) Uhrwerk nt
    6) sing or pl (Brit: factory) Betrieb m, Fabrik f

    gas/steel works — Gas-/Stahlwerk nt

    we had fantastic food, wine, brandy, the works — es gab tolles Essen, Wein, Kognak, alle Schikanen (inf)

    2. vi
    1) person arbeiten (at an +dat)

    to work toward(s)/for sth — auf etw (acc) hin/für etw arbeiten

    or favor (US) — diese Faktoren, die gegen uns/zu unseren Gunsten arbeiten

    2) (= function, operate) funktionieren; (plan) funktionieren, klappen (inf); (medicine, spell) wirken; (= be successful) klappen (inf)

    "not working" (lift etc) — "außer Betrieb"

    3) (yeast) arbeiten, treiben
    4) (mouth, face) zucken; (jaws) mahlen
    5)

    (= move gradually) to work loose — sich lockern

    he worked (a)round to asking her — er hat sich aufgerafft, sie zu fragen

    OK, I'm working (a)round to it — okay, das mache ich schon noch

    3. vt
    1) (= make work) staff, employees, students arbeiten lassen, herannehmen (inf), schinden (pej)

    to work oneself/sb hard — sich/jdn nicht schonen

    2) (= operate) machine bedienen; lever, brake betätigen

    to work sth by electricity/hand — etw elektrisch/mit Hand betreiben

    3) (= bring about) change, cure bewirken, herbeiführen

    to work it ( so that...) (inf) — es so deichseln(, dass...) (inf)

    See:
    4) (SEW) arbeiten; design etc sticken
    5) (= shape) wood, metal bearbeiten; dough, clay also kneten, bearbeiten

    work the flour in gradually/the ingredients together — mischen Sie das Mehl allmählich unter/die Zutaten (zusammen)

    6) (= exploit) mine ausbeuten, abbauen; land bearbeiten; smallholding bewirtschaften; (salesman) area bereisen
    7) muscles trainieren
    8)

    (= move gradually) to work one's hands free — seine Hände freibekommen

    he worked his way across the rock face/through the tunnel — er überquerte die Felswand/kroch durch den Tunnel

    * * *
    work [wɜːk; US wɜrk]
    A s
    1. allg Arbeit f:
    a) Beschäftigung f, Tätigkeit f
    b) Aufgabe f
    c) Hand-, Nadelarbeit f, Stickerei f, Näherei f
    d) Leistung f
    e) Erzeugnis n:
    work done geleistete Arbeit;
    a beautiful piece of work eine schöne Arbeit;
    work in hand WIRTSCH Auftragsbestand m;
    work in process ( oder progress) WIRTSCH US Halbfabrikate pl;
    a) bei der Arbeit,
    b) am Arbeitsplatz,
    c) in Tätigkeit, in Betrieb (Maschine etc);
    be at work on arbeiten an (dat);
    do work arbeiten;
    I’ve got some work to do ich muss arbeiten;
    do the work of three (men) für drei arbeiten;
    be in (out of) work (keine) Arbeit haben;
    (put) out of work arbeitslos (machen);
    set to work an die Arbeit gehen, sich an die Arbeit machen;
    take some work home Arbeit mit nach Hause nehmen;
    have one’s work cut out (for one) zu tun haben, schwer zu schaffen haben;
    make work Arbeit verursachen;
    make light work of spielend fertig werden mit;
    make sad work of arg wirtschaften oder hausen mit;
    make short work of kurzen Prozess oder nicht viel Federlesen(s) machen mit umg
    2. PHYS Arbeit f:
    3. auch koll (künstlerisches etc) Werk:
    work of art Kunstwerk; → fiction 2, reference A 8
    4. Werk n (Tat und Resultat):
    this is your work!;
    5. pl
    a) ARCH Anlagen pl, (besonders öffentliche) Bauten pl
    b) Baustelle f (an einer Autobahn etc)
    c) MIL (Festungs)Werk n, Befestigungen pl
    6. pl (oft als sg konstruiert) Werk n, Fabrik (-anlage) f, Betrieb m:
    works climate (council, outing, etc) Betriebsklima n (-rat m, -ausflug m etc);
    works manager Werksdirektor m, Betriebsleiter m
    7. pl TECH (Räder-, Trieb)Werk n, Getriebe n:
    works of a watch Uhrwerk; → spanner 1
    8. Werk-, Arbeitsstück n, ( besonders Nadel)Arbeit f
    9. REL (gutes) Werk
    10. the works pl umg alles, der ganze Krempel:
    give sb the works umg jemanden fertigmachen;
    shoot the works (Kartenspiel) aufs Ganze gehen (a. fig); → gum2 B 4
    B v/i prät und pperf worked, besonders obs oder poet wrought [rɔːt]
    1. (at, on) arbeiten (an dat), sich beschäftigen (mit):
    work at a social reform an einer Sozialreform arbeiten;
    worked ( oder wrought) in leather in Leder gearbeitet;
    work to rule WIRTSCH Br Dienst nach Vorschrift tun;
    make one’s money work sein Geld arbeiten lassen
    2. arbeiten, Arbeit haben, beschäftigt sein
    3. fig arbeiten, kämpfen ( beide:
    against gegen;
    for für eine Sache):
    work toward(s) hinarbeiten auf (akk)
    4. TECH
    a) funktionieren, gehen (beide auch fig)
    b) in Betrieb oder Gang sein:
    our stove works well unser Ofen funktioniert gut;
    your method won’t work mit Ihrer Methode werden Sie es nicht schaffen;
    get sth to work etwas reparieren
    5. fig klappen, gehen, gelingen, sich machen lassen
    6. (prät oft wrought) wirken, sich auswirken (on, with auf akk, bei):
    the poison began to work das Gift begann zu wirken
    7. work on jemanden bearbeiten, sich jemanden vornehmen (beide umg)
    8. sich gut etc bearbeiten lassen
    9. sich (hindurch-, hoch- etc) arbeiten:
    work into eindringen in (akk);
    work loose sich losarbeiten, sich lockern;
    her tights worked down die Strumpfhose rutschte ihr herunter
    10. in (heftiger) Bewegung sein, arbeiten, zucken ( alle:
    with vor dat; Gesichtszüge etc), mahlen ( with vor Erregung etc; Kiefer)
    11. SCHIFF (besonders gegen den Wind) segeln, fahren
    12. gären, arbeiten (beide auch fig: Gedanke etc)
    13. (hand)arbeiten, stricken, nähen
    C v/t
    1. arbeiten an (dat)
    2. verarbeiten:
    a) TECH bearbeiten
    b) einen Teig kneten
    c) (ver)formen, gestalten ( beide:
    into zu):
    work cotton into cloth Baumwolle zu Tuch verarbeiten
    3. eine Maschine etc bedienen, ein Fahrzeug führen, lenken
    4. (an-, be)treiben:
    worked by electricity elektrisch betrieben
    5. AGR den Boden bearbeiten, bestellen
    6. einen Betrieb leiten, eine Fabrik etc betreiben, ein Gut bewirtschaften
    7. Bergbau: eine Grube abbauen, ausbeuten
    8. WIRTSCH (geschäftlich) bereisen oder bearbeiten:
    9. jemanden, Tiere (tüchtig) arbeiten lassen, (zur Arbeit) antreiben
    10. fig jemanden bearbeiten umg, jemandem zusetzen ( beide:
    for wegen):
    11. a) work one’s way sich (hindurch- etc) arbeiten
    b) erarbeiten, verdienen: → passage1 5
    12. MATH lösen, ausarbeiten, errechnen
    13. erregen, reizen, (in einen Zustand) versetzen oder bringen:
    work o.s. into a rage sich in eine Wut hineinsteigern
    14. bewegen, arbeiten mit:
    he worked his jaws seine Kiefer mahlten
    15. fig (prät oft wrought) hervorbringen, -rufen, zeitigen, Veränderungen etc bewirken, Wunder wirken oder tun, führen zu, verursachen:
    work hardship on sb für jemanden eine Härte bedeuten
    16. (prät oft wrought) fertigbringen, zustande bringen
    a) eine Arbeit etc einschieben in (akk),
    b) Passagen etc einarbeiten oder -flechten oder -fügen in (akk)
    18. sl etwas herausschlagen
    19. US sl jemanden bescheißen
    20. herstellen, machen, besonders stricken, nähen
    21. zur Gärung bringen
    22. → work over 2
    w. abk
    2. wide
    4. wife
    5. with
    6. PHYS work
    wk abk
    1. week Wo.
    2. work
    * * *
    1. noun
    1) no pl., no indef. art. Arbeit, die

    at work — (engaged in working) bei der Arbeit; (fig.): (operating) am Werk (see also e)

    be at work on something — an etwas (Dat.) arbeiten; (fig.) auf etwas (Akk.) wirken

    set to work — [Person:] sich an die Arbeit machen

    have one's work cut out — viel zu tun haben; sich ranhalten müssen (ugs.)

    work of art — Kunstwerk, das

    3) (book, piece of music) Werk, das

    a work of reference/literature/art — ein Nachschlagewerk/literarisches Werk/Kunstwerk

    5) (employment) Arbeit, die

    out of work — arbeitslos; ohne Arbeit

    at work — (place of employment) auf der Arbeit (see also a)

    6) in pl., usu. constr. as sing. (factory) Werk, das
    7) in pl. (Mil.) Werke; Befestigungen
    8) in pl. (operations of building etc.) Arbeiten
    10) in pl. (coll.): (all that can be included)

    the [whole/full] works — der ganze Kram (ugs.)

    give somebody the works — (fig.) (give somebody the best possible treatment) jemandem richtig verwöhnen (ugs.); (give somebody the worst possible treatment) jemanden fertig machen (salopp)

    2. intransitive verb,
    worked or (arch./literary) wrought

    work for a cause — etc. für eine Sache usw. arbeiten

    work against something — (impede) einer Sache (Dat.) entgegenstehen

    2) (function effectively) funktionieren; [Charme:] wirken (on auf + Akk.)

    make the washing machine/television work — die Waschmaschine/den Fernsehapparat in Ordnung bringen

    3) [Rad, Getriebe, Kette:] laufen

    work in a material — mit od. (fachspr.) in einem Material arbeiten

    5) [Faktoren, Einflüsse:] wirken (on auf + Akk.)

    work against — arbeiten gegen; see also work on

    6) (make its/one's way) sich schieben

    work round to a question — (fig.) sich zu einer Frage vorarbeiten

    3. transitive verb,
    worked or (arch./literary) wrought
    1) (operate) bedienen [Maschine]; fahren [Schiff]; betätigen [Bremse]
    2) (get labour from) arbeiten lassen
    3) (get material from) ausbeuten [Steinbruch, Grube]
    4) (operate in or on) [Vertreter:] bereisen
    5) (control) steuern
    6) (effect) bewirken [Änderung]; wirken [Wunder]

    work it or things so that... — (coll.) es deichseln, dass... (ugs.)

    work one's way up/into something — sich hocharbeiten/in etwas (Akk.) hineinarbeiten

    8) (get gradually) bringen
    9) (knead, stir)

    work something into something — etwas zu etwas verarbeiten; (mix in) etwas unter etwas (Akk.) rühren

    work oneself into a state/a rage — sich aufregen/in einen Wutanfall hineinsteigern

    11) (make by needlework etc.) arbeiten; aufsticken [Muster] (on auf + Akk.)
    12) (purchase, obtain with labour) abarbeiten; (fig.)

    she worked her way through college — sie hat sich (Dat.) ihr Studium selbst verdient; see also passage 6)

    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    (hard) for expr.
    erarbeiten v.
    sich etwas erarbeiten ausdr. v.
    arbeiten v.
    funktionieren v. n.
    Arbeit -en f.
    Werk -e n.

    English-german dictionary > work

  • 85 С-391

    ДО СМЕРТИ PrepP Invar
    1. убить кого, убиться \С-391 ( adv (intensif)) used to emphasize the finality and fatal result of the action
    kill s.o. ( o.s.) dead.
    2. ( adv (intensif) or modif) to an extreme degree: напугать (испугать, перепугать) кого - = scare (frighten) s.o. to death
    scare (frighten) s.o. out of his wits scare the (living) daylights out of s.o. give s.o. the fright of his life scare the pants off s.o.
    напугаться (испугаться, перепугаться) \С-391 - be scared (frightened) to death
    be scared (frightened) out of one's wits be scared stiff (silly)
    \С-391 надоел (наскучил) кому - s.o. is sick to death of him (it etc)
    s.o. is sick and tired of him (it etc) s.o. is fed up to here (with him (it etc))
    скучно кому \С-391 = s.o. is bored to death (to tears, out of his mind, stiff)
    s.o. is dying of boredom
    - хотеть ( \С-391 хочется кому) - one ( s.o.) is (just) dying (to get (do) sth.)
    \С-391 не хотеть ( — не хочется кому) — one ( s.o.) would (almost) rather die (than do sth.)
    - любить кого -love s.o. to death (to distraction)
    be crazy about s.o.
    - не любить что (что делать) - loathe (doing) sth.
    not be able to stand (doing) sth. have a mortal aversion to (doing) sth.
    \С-391 устать (измучиться) - be dead (deathly) tired
    be dead beat
    заговорить кого \С-391 - talk s.o. to death
    talk s.o. 's ear off.
    «Нянечка до смерти напугана случившимся» (Черненок 2). The nurse's aide is frightened out of her wits by what happened" (2a).
    Правда, и Зина, когда уже кончилось, болтала, что в кабинете, у камина, после того как Борменталь и профессор вышли из смотровой, её до смерти напугал Иван Арнольдович (Булгаков 11). It's true, also, that when everything was over, Zina babbled that Ivan Arnoldovich (Bormenthal) had given her the fright of her life in the office after he and the professor had left the examination room (1 la).
    Борисов хлопнул (гипсовый бюст) Сталина по голове и затряс рукой от боли, но тут же выражение боли на его лице сменилось выражением смертельного страха... Он раскрыл рот и смотрел на Голубева не отрываясь, словно загипнотизированный. А тот и сам до смерти перепугался. (Войнович 2)....Borisov whacked (the plaster bust of) Stalin on the head, then shook his hand in pain. Instantly, the expression of pain on his face changed into one of mortal fear....He opened his mouth and stared at Golubev as if hypnotized. Golubev, meanwhile, was scared to death himself (2a).
    К числу мелких литературных штампов Бунин... относил, например, привычку ремесленников-беллетристов того времени своего молодого героя непременно называть «студент первого курса»... «До смерти надоели все эти литературные студенты первого курса», - говорил Бунин (Катаев 3). Among the minor literary cliches Bunin..included, for example, the hack-writer's habit in those days of describing his hero as a "first-year student."..."I am sick to death of all these literary first-year students," Bunin would say (3a).
    Серафима:) Турку до смерти русского студня хочется, а не может на русском говорить (Эрдман 1). IS.:) The Turk was just dying to get some of the Russian meat-jelly but couldn't speak any Russian (1a).
    Даже по ушам его шапки было видно, что он до смерти не хочет ехать (Булгаков 6). The very ear flaps of his hat told me that he would almost rather die than go (6a).
    С тех пор как его любимая лошадь Кукла, во время войны мобилизованная для доставки боеприпасов на перевал, вдруг сама вернулась домой, до смерти замученная... он дал себе слово никогда не заводить лошадей (Искандер 5). Ever since his beloved horse Dolly had been mobilized during the war to deliver military supplies to the pass, and had suddenly come home by herself, deathly tired...he had made himself a vow never to raise horses (5a).
    «Дядя Сандро, может, и смог бы ее перепить, да ведь она его сначала заговорит до смерти, а там уж и перепьет!» (Искандер 5). "Maybe Uncle Sandro could outdrink her, but she'll talk him to death first and then she'll outdrink him!" (5a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > С-391

  • 86 до смерти

    [PrepP; Invar]
    =====
    1. убить кого, убиться - [adv (intensif)]
    ⇒ used to emphasize the finality and fatal result of the action:
    - kill s.o. < o.s.> dead.
    2. [adv (intensif) or modif]
    ⇒ to an extreme degree:
    - напугать (испугать, перепугать) кого до смерти ≈ scare (frighten) s.o. to death;
    - scare (frighten) s.o. out of his wits;
    - scare the (living) daylights out of s.o.;
    - give s.o. the fright of his life;
    - scare the pants off s.o.;
    || напугаться (испугаться, перепугаться) до смерти ≈ be scared (frightened) to death;
    || до смерти надоел (наскучил) кому≈ s.o. is sick to death of him (it etc;
    - s.o. is sick and tired of him (it etc;
    - s.o. is fed up to here (with him <it etc>);
    || скучно кому до смерти ≈ s.o. is bored to death (to tears, out of his mind, stiff);
    - s.o. is dying of boredom;
    || до смерти хотеть < до смерти хочется кому> ≈ one (s.o.) is (just) dying (to get (do) sth.);
    || до смерти не хотеть < до смерти не хочется кому> - one (s.o.) would (almost) rather die (than do sth.);
    || до смерти любить кого≈ love s.o. to death (to distraction);
    - be crazy about s.o.;
    - not be able to stand (doing) sth.;
    - have a mortal aversion to (doing) sth.;
    - talk s.o.'s ear off.
         ♦ "Нянечка до смерти напугана случившимся" (Чернёнок 2). "The nurse's aide is frightened out of her wits by what happened" (2a).
         ♦ Правда, и Зина, когда уже кончилось, болтала, что в кабинете, у камина, после того как Борменталь и профессор вышли из смотровой, её до смерти напугал Иван Арнольдович (Булгаков И). It's true, also, that when everything was over, Zina babbled that Ivan Arnoldovich [Bormenthal] had given her the fright of her life in the office after he and the professor had left the examination room (11a).
         ♦...Борисов хлопнул [гипсовый бюст] Сталина по голове и затряс рукой от боли, но тут же выражение боли на его лице сменилось выражением смертельного страха... Он раскрыл рот и смотрел на Голубева не отрываясь, словно загипнотизированный. А тот и сам до смерти перепугался. (Войнович 2)....Borisov whacked [the plaster bust of] Stalin on the head, then shook his hand in pain. Instantly, the expression of pain on his face changed into one of mortal fear....He opened his mouth and stared at Golubev as if hypnotized. Golubev, meanwhile, was scared to death himself (2a).
         ♦ К числу мелких литературных штампов Бунин... относил, например, привычку ремесленников-беллетристов того времени своего молодого героя непременно называть "студент первого курса"... "До смерти надоели все эти литературные студенты первого курса", - говорил Бунин (Катаев 3). Among the minor literary cliches Bunin...included, for example, the hack-writer's habit in those days of describing his hero as a "first-year student."..."I am sick to death of all these literary first-year students," Bunin would say (3a).
         ♦ [Серафима:] Турку до смерти русского студня хочется, а не может на русском говорить (Эрдман 1). [S.:] The Turk was just dying to get some of the Russian meat-jelly but couldn't speak any Russian (1a).
         ♦ Даже по ушам его шапки было видно, что он до смерти не хочет ехать (Булгаков 6). The very earflaps of his hat told me that he would almost rather die than go (6a).
         ♦ С тех пор как его любимая лошадь Кукла, во время войны мобилизованная для доставки боеприпасов на перевал, вдруг сама вернулась домой, до смерти замученная... он дал себе слово никогда не заводить лошадей (Искандер 5). Ever since his beloved horse Dolly had been mobilized during the war to deliver military supplies to the pass, and had suddenly come home by herself, deathly tired...he had made himself a vow never to raise horses (5a).
         ♦ "Дядя Сандро, может, и смог бы ее перепить, да ведь она его сначала заговорит до смерти, а там уж и перепьет!" (Искандер 5). "Maybe Uncle Sandro could outdrink her, but she'll talk him to death first and then she'll outdrink him!" (5a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > до смерти

  • 87 כל

    prep. all, every, each, any, everything, whole, entire, all of, pan-, omni-, ilk
    ————————
    v. be contained, included, comprised
    ————————
    v. be destroyed, consumed
    ————————
    v. be finished, completed, ended
    ————————
    v. to contain, hold, include, comprise
    ————————
    v. to endure
    ————————
    v. to finish, complete, end; destroy, consume
    ————————
    v. to run out, end

    Hebrew-English dictionary > כל

  • 88 igual2

    = identical, matching, equal, same difference, the.
    Ex. The DISPLAY command is identical to the TYPE command except when using a format which includes only a few lines per record.
    Ex. By selecting this qualifier all works having a matching number of pages will be included in the search.
    Ex. Collection development should ideally involve de-acquisitions as an on-going program of equal importance.
    Ex. The article 'Online, CD-ROM and Web: is it the same difference? discusses some obstacles to the use of electronic information.
    ----
    * al igual que = as with, like, in common with, much as, after the fashion of, so too, similar to, much like.
    * al igual que con todo en la vida = as with everything in life.
    * al igual que + Nombre = not unlike + Nombre.
    * a partes iguales = share and share alike, in equal measure(s).
    * así como... de igual modo... = just as... so....
    * a todos por igual = one size fits all.
    * de igual forma = in like manner, in a like manner, in like fashion, in like vein.
    * de igual longitud = of equal length.
    * de igual manera = by the same token, in like fashion, in like manner, in like vein, in equal measure(s).
    * de igual modo = alike, equally, in like fashion, in like manner, in like vein.
    * de igual modo que = just as, just as well... as..., along the lines of, on the lines (of).
    * de igual + Nombre = equally + Adjetivo.
    * en igual medida = similarly.
    * entonces al igual que ahora = then as now.
    * igual da = same difference, the.
    * igualdad de retribución por un trabajo de igual valor = equal pay for equal work.
    * iguales de largo = of equal length.
    * igual para todos = one size fits all.
    * igual que = on the lines (of).
    * las cosas siguen igual = business as usual.
    * no somos todos iguales = one size doesn't fit all.
    * para todos por igual = across the board [across-the-board].
    * participar por igual en = have + an equal voice in.
    * permanecer igual = remain + unchanged.
    * por igual = alike, on an equitable basis, equally, in equal measure(s).
    * quedar igual = remain + the same.
    * quedarse igual = be none the wiser.
    * referencias laterales a términos de igual especificidad = sideways link.
    * seguir igual = be none the worse for wear.
    * ser igual a = be equivalent to, equal.
    * ser igual que = amount to + the same thing as.
    * signo igual = equals sign.
    * si todo sigue igual = all (other) things being equal.
    * todos por igual = share and share alike.
    * tratar de igual modo = treat as + equal.

    Spanish-English dictionary > igual2

  • 89 that

    1. [ðæt] plural - those; adjective
    (used to indicate a person, thing etc spoken of before, not close to the speaker, already known to the speaker and listener etc: Don't take this book - take that one; At that time, I was living in Italy; When are you going to return those books?) ta
    2. pronoun
    (used to indicate a thing etc, or (in plural or with the verb be) person or people, spoken of before, not close to the speaker, already known to the speaker and listener etc: What is that you've got in your hand?; Who is that?; That is the Prime Minister; Those present at the concert included the composer and his wife.) oni
    3. [ðət, ðæt] relative pronoun
    (used to refer to a person, thing etc mentioned in a preceding clause in order to distinguish it from others: Where is the parcel that arrived this morning?; Who is the man (that) you were talking to?) ki; kateri
    4. [ðət, ðæt] conjunction
    1) ((often omitted) used to report what has been said etc or to introduce other clauses giving facts, reasons, results etc: I know (that) you didn't do it; I was surprised (that) he had gone.) da
    2) (used to introduce expressions of sorrow, wishes etc: That I should be accused of murder!; Oh, that I were with her now!) da bi
    5. adverb
    (so; to such an extent: I didn't realize she was that ill.) tako
    - that's that
    * * *
    I [ðæt, ðóuz]
    1.
    pronoun (plural those) (kazalni) ta, to; oni, -a, -o
    and that — in to, in sicer
    at that — vrh tega, poleg tega, colloquially pri tem
    for all that — pri vsem tem, kljub vsemu temu
    this, that, and the other — to in ono, vse vrste
    that which... — to (ono), kar...
    to that degree that — do tolikšne mere, da...
    that's right! — takó je! točno! res je!; vulgar da
    and that's that! colloquially in s tem je stvar opravljena! in stvar je končana! in zdaj dovolj tega!
    that's what it is — saj to je ravno; stvar je v tem; tako je to; za tem grmom tiči zajec
    (is) that so? — ali res? je (to) res tako?
    that's the way! — tako je prav!
    that is because — to je zato, ker
    that's a dear! — to je lepo od tebe!
    what of that? — (pa) kaj za to?
    what's that noise? — kakšen hrup je to?
    let it go at that — colloquially pustimo to, kot je
    why do you run like that? — zakaj tako tečeš?
    I went to this and that doctor — šel sem k več zdravnikom;
    2.
    adverb colloquially
    takó (zelo)
    that angry (small, tired) — tako jezen (majhen, utrujen)
    II [ðæt, ðət]
    pronoun relative (plural that)
    1.
    ki; kateri, -a, -o; ki ga, ki jo, ki jih; katere, katera;
    2.
    kar
    the best that — najboljše, kar
    much that — mnogo (tega), kar
    nothing that — nič, kar
    no one that — nihče, ki
    the book that I sent you — knjiga, ki sem ti jo poslal; ki
    the man that bought the house — (tisti) človek, ki je kupil hišo
    the lady that he is acquainted with — gospa, s katero se pozna
    the fool that he is! — takšen bedak!
    Mrs. Black, Miss Brown that was colloquially gospa Black, rojena Brown
    Mrs. Jones that is — sedanja gospa Jones
    for the reason that — iz razloga, zaradi katerega
    the day (that) I met him — na dan, na katerega (ko) sem se seznanil z njim
    III [ðæt]
    conjunction
    da; da bi; (zato) ker; ko
    in order that, to the end that — da bi
    so that — tako, da
    now that — sedaj, ko
    I am sorry that you can't come — žal mi je, da ne morete priti
    we eat that we may live — jémo, da bi mogli živeti
    he lives that he may eat — on živi, da bi mogel jesti
    I was so tired that I fell asleep — bil sem tako utrujen, da sem zaspal
    now that we know the reason — sedaj, ko vemo za razlog
    it is 3 years that she went away — tri leta je, da (odkar) je odšla
    at the time that I was born — v času, ko sem se rodil
    it is rather that — prej (je), ker
    not that it mightn't be better — ne, ker ne bi moglo biti bolje

    English-Slovenian dictionary > that

  • 90 -Asking about rent and bills-

    At home Asking about rent and bills
    Hello, I've come about the room. Salve, sono venuto per la stanza.
    Come in. Vieni, entra pure.
    The kitchen's got everything except a dishwasher. La cucina ha tutto tranne la lavastoviglie.
    Is this your furniture or was the house already furnished? I mobili sono vostri o la casa era già arredata?
    It was already furnished like this when we moved in except for a few bits and pieces. Era già arredata in questo modo quando ci siamo trasferiti, a parte qualcosina.
    How much is the room again? Mi ripeti quanto costa la stanza?
    The rent is £400 a month plus bills. L'affitto è £400 al mese più le spese.
    The rent is £500 a month, all bills included. L'affitto è £500 al mese spese incluse.
    We try and keep the bills down to a minimum. Cerchiamo di ridurre al minimo le spese.
    The bills might come to around £30 a week on top of the rent. Il costo delle bollette sarà di circa £30 a settimana oltre all'affitto.

    English-Italian dictionary > -Asking about rent and bills-

  • 91 Impôt sur le revenu

       Income tax. Income tax in France is levied as a progressive tax, with five rates going from zero to 40%. Income tax is charged per " foyer fiscal", or fiscal household, and recognised couples are taxed as a couple, not as two individuals. Thanks to a number of tax allowances and deductions, about half of the working population in France pay no income tax. However everyone pays the CSG and CRDS, which are forms of income tax in everything but in name, and correspond to a flat rate tax of 11%. If these taxes are included, then French levels of income tax go from 11% to 51%.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Impôt sur le revenu

  • 92 Ilu

    noun "the world" FS, LR:47, 56, "universe" IL; ilu "everything, all, the whole" of the universe also including God and all souls and spirits, which are not properly included in the term Eä; see VT39:20, also referenced in VT49:36

    Quettaparma Quenyallo (Quenya-English) > Ilu

  • 93 hierin is alles vervat

    hierin is alles vervat

    Van Dale Handwoordenboek Nederlands-Engels > hierin is alles vervat

  • 94 vervatten

    ♦voorbeelden:
    1   hierin is alles vervat • everything is included in this
         het geschrift was in deze bewoordingen vervat • the document was couched in these terms

    Van Dale Handwoordenboek Nederlands-Engels > vervatten

  • 95 Nobel, Immanuel

    [br]
    b. 1801 Gävle, Sweden
    d. 3 September 1872 Stockholm, Sweden
    [br]
    Swedish inventor and industrialist, particularly noted for his work on mines and explosives.
    [br]
    The son of a barber-surgeon who deserted his family to serve in the Swedish army, Nobel showed little interest in academic pursuits as a child and was sent to sea at the age of 16, but jumped ship in Egypt and was eventually employed as an architect by the pasha. Returning to Sweden, he won a scholarship to the Stockholm School of Architecture, where he studied from 1821 to 1825 and was awarded a number of prizes. His interest then leaned towards mechanical matters and he transferred to the Stockholm School of Engineering. Designs for linen-finishing machines won him a prize there, and he also patented a means of transforming rotary into reciprocating movement. He then entered the real-estate business and was successful until a fire in 1833 destroyed his house and everything he owned. By this time he had married and had two sons, with a third, Alfred (of Nobel Prize fame; see Alfred Nobel), on the way. Moving to more modest quarters on the outskirts of Stockholm, Immanuel resumed his inventions, concentrating largely on India rubber, which he applied to surgical instruments and military equipment, including a rubber knapsack.
    It was talk of plans to construct a canal at Suez that first excited his interest in explosives. He saw them as a means of making mining more efficient and began to experiment in his backyard. However, this made him unpopular with his neighbours, and the city authorities ordered him to cease his investigations. By this time he was deeply in debt and in 1837 moved to Finland, leaving his family in Stockholm. He hoped to interest the Russians in land and sea mines and, after some four years, succeeded in obtaining financial backing from the Ministry of War, enabling him to set up a foundry and arms factory in St Petersburg and to bring his family over. By 1850 he was clear of debt in Sweden and had begun to acquire a high reputation as an inventor and industrialist. His invention of the horned contact mine was to be the basic pattern of the sea mine for almost the next 100 years, but he also created and manufactured a central-heating system based on hot-water pipes. His three sons, Ludwig, Robert and Alfred, had now joined him in his business, but even so the outbreak of war with Britain and France in the Crimea placed severe pressures on him. The Russians looked to him to convert their navy from sail to steam, even though he had no experience in naval propulsion, but the aftermath of the Crimean War brought financial ruin once more to Immanuel. Amongst the reforms brought in by Tsar Alexander II was a reliance on imports to equip the armed forces, so all domestic arms contracts were abruptly cancelled, including those being undertaken by Nobel. Unable to raise money from the banks, Immanuel was forced to declare himself bankrupt and leave Russia for his native Sweden. Nobel then reverted to his study of explosives, particularly of how to adapt the then highly unstable nitroglycerine, which had first been developed by Ascanio Sobrero in 1847, for blasting and mining. Nobel believed that this could be done by mixing it with gunpowder, but could not establish the right proportions. His son Alfred pursued the matter semi-independently and eventually evolved the principle of the primary charge (and through it created the blasting cap), having taken out a patent for a nitroglycerine product in his own name; the eventual result of this was called dynamite. Father and son eventually fell out over Alfred's independent line, but worse was to follow. In September 1864 Immanuel's youngest son, Oscar, then studying chemistry at Uppsala University, was killed in an explosion in Alfred's laboratory: Immanuel suffered a stroke, but this only temporarily incapacitated him, and he continued to put forward new ideas. These included making timber a more flexible material through gluing crossed veneers under pressure and bending waste timber under steam, a concept which eventually came to fruition in the form of plywood.
    In 1868 Immanuel and Alfred were jointly awarded the prestigious Letterstedt Prize for their work on explosives, but Alfred never for-gave his father for retaining the medal without offering it to him.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Imperial Gold Medal (Russia) 1853. Swedish Academy of Science Letterstedt Prize (jointly with son Alfred) 1868.
    Bibliography
    Immanuel Nobel produced a short handwritten account of his early life 1813–37, which is now in the possession of one of his descendants. He also had published three short books during the last decade of his life— Cheap Defence of the Country's Roads (on land mines), Cheap Defence of the Archipelagos (on sea mines), and Proposal for the Country's Defence (1871)—as well as his pamphlet (1870) on making wood a more physically flexible product.
    Further Reading
    No biographies of Immanuel Nobel exist, but his life is detailed in a number of books on his son Alfred.
    CM

    Biographical history of technology > Nobel, Immanuel

  • 96 ἀρέσκω

    ἀρέσκω impf. ἤρεσκον; fut. ἀρέσω; 1 aor. ἤρεσα. Mid. impf. ἠρέσκετο (Tat. 2, 1) (s. ἀρεσκεία; Hom.+). In Gk. lit. ἀ. is used in a variety of senses ranging from conciliatory action (s. Od. 22, 55, of satisfaction pledged to Odysseus) to undertaking of civic responsibility that meets with public approval (s. 2 below). Most oft. w. dat. of pers.
    ① to act in a fawning manner, win favor, please, flatter, w. focus on the winning of approval (Aristot., EN 2, 7, 13; 4, 6, 1; Theophr., Char. 5 [e.g. in a dispute the flatterer endeavors to please friend and foe alike; and he will tell foreigners that they speak with greater sense of justice than do his fellow citizens]. That the original sense of basic civility in human relations [s. 2a below] suffered debasement is affirmed by Anaxandrides Com., cited Athen. 6, 255b: τὸ γαρ κολακεύειν νῦν ἀρέσκειν ὄνομʼ ἔχει ‘flattery’ is now called ‘being accommodating’; s. ἀνθρωπαρεσκέω, ἀνθρωπάρεσκος) ἀνθρώποις (Pla., Ep. 4, 321b; Simplicius in Epict. p. 118, 30 ἀρέσκειν ἀνθρώποις βουλόμενος) Gal 1:10ab (conative impf.); 1 Th 2:4 here in both a neg. and a positive sense: ‘flattering’ humans, but ‘pleasing’ God (in the sense of 2 below), who tests (δοκιμάζω) for motivation.
    ② to give pleasure/satisfaction, please, accommodate.
    ⓐ a favored term in the reciprocity-conscious Mediterranean world, and frequently used in honorary documents to express interest in accommodating others by meeting their needs or carrying out important obligations. Oft. almost serve Nägeli 40. The use of the term in a good sense in our lit. contributes a tone of special worth and diginity to some of the relationships that are depicted. τινί someone τῷ πλησίον Ro 15:2 (w. τὸ ἀγαθόν and οἰκοδομή as decisive semantic components); cp. Hs 5, 2, 7 a servant doing good work. Lord/God ἀ. τ. κυρίῳ 1 Cor 7:32; 1 Th 4:1; inability to do so Ro 8:8; cp. 1 Th 2:15; rather than humans 1 Th 2:4 (s. 1 above); IRo 2:1 (note the semantic problem cited 1 above). God/Lord as commander (military imagery) IPol 6:2; cp. 2 Ti 2:4.—Concern for a broad public is a common theme in honorary documents (e.g. OGI 339, 29f; s. Danker, Benefactor 336f) and other lit. (cp. Demosth., Ep. 3, 27 πᾶσιν ἀ.; Ath. 26:1 τοῖς πολλοῖς ἀρέσκοντες θεοί) πάντα πᾶσιν ἀ. in everything I endeavor to please all, i.e. without deference to one at the expense of another, 1 Cor 10:33 (w. σύμφορον, q.v., along w. συμφέρω, for cultural significance); sim. κατὰ πάντα τρόπον πᾶσιν ἀ. ITr 2:3. (Cp. the negative appraisal 1 Th 2:15.)—Sacrifice of self-interest is a major component of the foregoing theme, hence the caution μὴ ἑαυτῷ ἀ. Ro 15:1, and the exhibition of Jesus as role model vs. 3; cp. 2 Cl 13:1 (w. ἀνθρωπάρεσκος s. 1 above); Hs 9, 22, 1; in a marriage relationship, wife or husband ἀ. τ. γυναικί 1 Cor 7:33; ἀ. τ. ἄνδρι vs. 34.
    ⓑ of pleasure (without any suggestion of mere amusement) as a condition generated by an action (cp. POxy 1153, 25 ἐὰν αὐτῷ ἀρέσκῃ; PGiss 20, 15). A fine line cannot always be drawn between a focus on endeavor to please and focus on the impact of pleasure produced by the activity. Some of the pass. cited in 2a may equally belong here and some of those included here could be cited above. But the gener. sense in those that follow is satisfaction produced by the behavior of another please God ἀ. θεῷ (Theopomp. [IV B.C.]: 115 Fgm. 344 Jac. τ. θεοῖς ἀ. here the concern is to meet divine expectations; Num 23:27; Ps 68:32; Mal 3:4; Jos., Ant. 6, 164; 13, 289) Ro 8:8; 1 Th 2:15; cp. Hs 5, 2, 7; ἀ. τ. κυρίῳ 1 Cor 7:32 (on these four last pass. s. also a above); 1 Cl 52, 2 (Ps 68, 32); wife/husband 1 Cor 7:33f (s. a above); 2 Ti 2:4; Herod Mt 14:6; Mk 6:22. W. focus on someth. that provides pleasure (Ael. Aristid. 46, 380 D.: θεοῖς ἀρέσκοντα) Hv 1, 4, 2; Hs 5, 6, 6. ἤρεσεν ὁ λόγος ἐνώπιον (for בְּעֵינֵי or לִפְנֵי) τοῦ πλήθους (= τῷ πλήθει) the saying pleased the whole group (cp. 2 Ch 30:4; 1 Macc 6:60; 8:21; Jos., Vi. 238) Ac 6:5 (B-D-F §4, p. 4, 5; 187, 2; 214, 6).—Salome, daughter of Herodias, pleases Herod and his company, and in keeping w. Mediterranean reciprocity system receives her award, in this instance a grisly one Mt 14:6; Mk 6:22.—Implied, i.e. impers. (Philo, Aet. M. 87; Jos., Ant. 14, 205; 207) ἀρέσκει μοι it pleases me (=mihi placet) w. inf. foll. (Hdt. 8, 19; Josh 24:15; 1 Macc 14:23; 15:19; Jos., Ant. 14, 352) Hm 6, 1, 5.—B. 1099. DELG. M-M. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἀρέσκω

  • 97 ἐπί

    ἐπί prep. w. gen., dat., or acc.; s. the lit. on ἀνά, beg. (Hom.+). The basic idea is ‘upon’ (opp. ὑπό) Kühner-G. I 495; s. also Rob 600–605. (In the foll. classifications case use is presented seriatim; in earlier editions of this lexicon all sections, except 13, 17, and 18 [of time], were included under the general rubric ‘Place’.)
    ① marker of location or surface, answering the question ‘where?’ on, upon, near
    ⓐ w. gen., marking a position on a surface ἐ. (τῆς) γῆς on (the) earth (cp. En 9:1; 98:1; ἐ. γῆς 25:6; PsSol 17:2) Mt 6:10, 19; 9:6; 23:9; Mk 6:47 al. (Ar. 12, 1; Just., A I, 54, 7 al.). ἐ. τῆς θαλάσσης on the sea (cp. Job 9:8; Dio Chrys. 10 [11], 129 βαδίζειν ἐ. τῆς θαλ.; Lucian, Philops. 13 βαδίζειν ἐφʼ ὕδατος, VH 2, 4; Artem. 3, 16 ἐ. τ. θαλάσσης περιπατεῖν; schol. on Nicander, Ther. 15 p. 5, 26ff relying on the testimony of Hesiod: Orion was given a gift [δωρεά] by the gods καὶ ἐ. κυμάτων πορεύεσθαι καὶ ἐ. τῆς γῆς) Mt 14:26; Mk 6:48f; J 6:19 (w. acc. P75; s. 4bβ below). ἐ. τῶν νεφελῶν on the clouds Mt 24:30; 26:64 (Da 7:13; cp. Philo, Praem. 8). ἐ. κλίνης 9:2; Lk 17:34. ἐ. τοῦ δώματος on the roof vs. 31; Mt 24:17; 10:27 foll. by pl. W. verbs: κάθημαι ἐ. τινος sit on someth. (Job 2:8; ἐ. τοῦ ἅρματος GrBar 6:2; cp. JosAs 27:1 ἐ. τοῦ ὀχήματος καθεζόμενος; Just., D. 90, 5 ἐ. λίθου καθεζόμενος) Mt 24:3; 27:19; Ac 8:28; Rv 6:16; 9:17 (the same prep. used in Rv w. κάθημαι and dat. s. bα below, and w. acc. cα). ἑστηκέναι ἐ. τινος stand on someth. Ac 21:40; Rv 10:5, 8 (Just., D. 86, 2 ἐστηρίχθαι). With parts of the body: ἐ. χειρῶν αἴρειν carry on (i.e. in/with) their hands Mt 4:6; Lk 4:11 (both Ps 90:12). ἐ. κεφαλῆς on the head (Hdt. 5, 12, 4) J 20:7; 1 Cor 11:10; Rv 12:1. ἐ. τοῦ μετώπου Rv 7:3; 9:4. ἐ. γυμνοῦ on the naked body Mk 14:51. Cp. use of ἐπί w. καθίζω and gen., and ἐπί w. κάθημαι and acc. Mt 19:28.—In a gener. and fig. sense Ac 21:23.
    ⓑ w. dat., gener. suggesting contiguity on, in, above.
    α. answering the question ‘where?’ (Hom. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; Just., D. 105, 5 ἐ. τῷ σταυρῷ; Tat., 9:1 ἐ. τοῖς ὄρεσι; Ath. 20, 1 ἐ. τῷ μετώπῳ; Mel., P. 19, 131 ἐ. σάκκῳ καὶ σποδῷ) ἐ. πίνακι on a platter Mt 14:8, 11; Mk 6:25, 28. ἀνακλῖναι ἐ. τῷ χλωρῷ χόρτῳ on the green grass 6:39. ἐ. τοῖς κραβάττοις vs. 55. ἐπέκειτο ἐπʼ αὐτῷ lay on it (or before it) J 11:38. καθήμενος ἐ. τῷ θρόνῳ Rv 4:9 (cp. gen. w. καθ. 1a above, and acc. cα below) 5:13; 7:10 and oft. ἐφʼ ἵπποις λευκοῖς on white horses 19:14. ἐ. σανίσιν on planks Ac 27:44. ἐ. τῇ στοᾷ in the colonnade 3:11. τὰ ἐ. τοῖς οὐρανοῖς what is above (or in) the heavens Eph 1:10. ἐπʼ αὐτῷ above him, at his head Lk 23:38 (=Mt 27:37 ἐπάνω τ. κεφαλῆς αὐτοῦ).
    β. answering the question ‘whither?’ on, upon (Hom. et al.) w. verbs that indicate a direction: οἰκοδομεῖν ἐ. τινι build upon someth. Mt 16:18. ἐποικοδομεῖν Eph 2:20. ἐπιβάλλειν ἐπίβλημα ἐ. ἱματίῳ παλαιῷ put a patch on an old garment Mt 9:16. ἐπιπίπτειν ἐ. τινι Ac 8:16. ἐκάθισεν ἐ. τῷ θρόνῳ he sat down on the throne GJs 11:1. λίθον ἐπʼ αὐτῇ βαλέτω J 8:7 v.l. (cp. 12a below).
    ⓒ w. acc., answering the question ‘where?’ (Hom. et al.; LXX; JosAs 29:2 φορῶν ἐ. τὸν μηρὸν αὐτοῦ ῥομφαίαν; Just., D. 53, 1 ζυγὸν ἐ. αὐχένα μὴ ἔχων)
    α. on, over someth. καθεύδειν ἐ. τι sleep on someth. Mk 4:38. καθῆσθαι ἐ. τι sit on someth. Mt 19:28 (in the same vs. καθίζω w. gen., s. a above) J 12:15; Rv 4:4; 6:2; 11:16 al.; cp. Lk 21:35b; κεῖσθαι ἐ. τι lie upon someth. 2 Cor 3:15. κατακεῖσθαι Lk 5:25. ἑστηκέναι ἐ. τὸν αἰγιαλόν stand on the shore Mt 13:2; cp. Rv 14:1. ἑστῶτας ἐ. τὴν θάλασσαν standing beside the sea 15:2. ἔστη ἐ. τὴν κεφαλὴν τοῦ παιδίου (the star) remained stationary over the head of the child GJs 21:3. σκηνοῦν ἐ. τινα spread a tent over someone Rv 7:15. ἐ. τὴν δεξιάν at the right hand 5:1. λίθος ἐ. λίθον stone upon stone Mt 24:2.
    β. ἐ. τὸ αὐτό at the same place, together (Ps.-X., Respublica Athen. [The Old Oligarch] 2, 2; Pla., Rep. 329a; SIG 736, 66 [92 B.C.]. In pap=‘in all’: PTebt 14, 20 [114 B.C.]; PFay 102, 6.—2 Km 2:13; En 100:2) εἶναι ἐ. τὸ αὐτό be together Lk 17:35; Ac 1:15; 2:1, 44. In 1 Cor 7:5 it is a euphemistic expr. for sexual union. κατοικεῖν ἐ. τὸ αὐτό live in the same place (Dt 25:5) Hm 5, 1, 4. Also w. verbs of motion (Sus 14 Theod.) συνέρχεσθαι ἐ. τὸ αὐτό come together to the same place 1 Cor 11:20; 14:23; cp. B 4:10 (Just., A I, 67, 3 συνέλευσις γίνεται). συνάγεσθαι (Phlegon of Tralles [Hadr.]: 257 Fgm. 36 III 9 Jac.; PsSol 2:2; TestJob 28:5 Jos., Bell. 2, 346) Mt 22:34; Ac 4:26 (Ps 2:2); 1 Cl 34:7. ἐ. τὸ αὐτὸ μίγνυσθαι be mixed together Hm 10, 3, 3. προσετίθει ἐ. τὸ αὐτό added to their number Ac 2:47.
    γ. at, by, near someone or someth. καθῆσθαι ἐ. τὸ τελώνιον sit at the tax-office Mt 9:9 (ἐ. τὰς ὡραίας πύλας GrBar prol. 2); Mk 2:14. ἑστηκέναι ἐ. τὴν θύραν stand at the door Rv 3:20. σὺ ἔστης ἐ. τὸ θυσιαστήριον you are standing (ἕστηκας deStrycker) as priest at the altar GJs 8:2. ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς among you 2 Th 1:10; cp. Ac 1:21.—Of pers., over whom someth. is done ὀνομάζειν τὸ ὄνομα Ἰησοῦ ἐ. τινα speak the name of Jesus over someone Ac 19:13. ἐπικαλεῖν τὸ ὄνομά τινος ἐ. τινα=to claim someone for one’s own (Jer 14:9; 2 Ch 7:14; 2 Macc 8:15) Ac 15:17 (Am 9:12); Js 2:7; Hs 8, 6, 4. προσεύχεσθαι ἐ. τινα pray over someone Js 5:14.
    ② marker of presence or occurrence near an object or area, at, near
    ⓐ w. gen., of immediate proximity to things at, near (Hdt. 7, 115; X., An. 4, 3, 28 al.; LXX, Just.) ἐ. τ. θυρῶν at the gates (Plut., C. Gracch. 841 [14, 3]; PRyl 127, 8f [29 A.D.] κοιμωμένου μου ἐ. τῆς θύρας; 1 Macc 1:55; Just., D. 111, 4) Ac 5:23 (s. b below for dat. in 5:9). ἐ. τῆς θαλάσσης near the sea (Polyb. 1, 44, 4; Ex 14:2; Dt 1:40; 1 Macc 14:34) J 21:1. ἐ. τῆς ὁδοῦ by the road Mt 21:19. ἐσθίειν ἐ. τῆς πραπέζης τινός eat at someone’s table Lk 22:30 (cp. POxy 99, 14 [55 A.D.] τράπεζα, ἐφʼ ἧς Σαραπίων καὶ μέτοχοι; Da 11:27 LXX ἐ. μιᾶς τραπέζης). ἐ. τοῦ (τῆς) βάτου at the thornbush = in the passage about the thornbush (i.e. Ex 3:1ff) Mk 12:26; Lk 20:37.
    ⓑ with dat., of immediate proximity at, near by (Hom.+) ἦν ἔτι ἐ. τῷ τόπῳ ὅπου was still at the place, where J 11:30 v.l. (for ἐν; cp. Just., D. 402). ἐ. τῇ θύρᾳ (ἐ. θύραις) at the door (Hom. et al.; Wsd 19:17; Jos., Ant. 17, 90; Just., D. 32, 3) Mt 24:33; Mk 13:29; Ac 5:9 (s. a above). ἐ. τοῖς πυλῶσιν Rv 21:12. ἐ. τῇ πηγῇ J 4:6 (Jos., Ant. 5, 58 ἐ. τινι πηγῇ; Just., A I, 64, 1 ἐ. ταῖς … πηγαῖς). ἐ. τῇ προβατικῇ (sc. πύλῃ) near the sheepgate 5:2; cp. Ac 3:10. ἐ. τῷ ποταμῷ near the river (since Il. 7, 133; Jos., Ant. 4, 176 ἐ. τ. Ἰορδάνῳ) Rv 9:14.—Of pers. (Diod S 14, 113, 6; Just., A I, 40, 7) ἐφʼ ὑμῖν among you 2 Cor 7:7; cp. Ac 28:14 v.l.
    ③ marker of involvement in an official proceeding, before, w. gen., of pers., esp. in the language of lawsuits (Pla., Leg. 12, 943d; Isaeus 5, 1 al.; UPZ 71, 15; 16 [152 B.C.]; POxy 38, 11; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 382, 23=BGU 909, 23; Jos., Vi. 258; Just., A II, 1, 1 ἐ. Οὐρβίκου). ἐ. τοῦ ἡγεμόνος in the governor’s presence Mt 28:14. ἐ. ἡγεμόνων καὶ βασιλέων Mk 13:9. ἐ. σου before you (the procurator) Ac 23:30. ἐ. Τερτούλλου Phlm subscr. v.l.; στάντος μου ἐ. τοῦ συνεδρίου Ac 24:20 (cp. Diod S 11, 55, 4 ἐ. τοῦ κοινοῦ συνεδρίου τ. Ἑλλήνων). γυναικὸς … διαβληθείσης ἐ. τοῦ κυρίου Papias (2:17). κρίνεσθαι ἐ. τῶν ἀδίκων go to law before the unrighteous 1 Cor 6:1. κριθήσεται ἐφʼ ὑμῶν before your tribunal D 11:11. μαρτυρεῖν ἐ. Ποντίου Πιλάτου testify before Pontius Pilate 1 Ti 6:13 (s. μαρτυρέω 1c). ἐ. τοῦ βήματος (POxy 37 I, 3 [49 A.D.]) ἑστὼς ἐ. τοῦ βήματος Καίσαρός εἰμι I am standing before Caesar’s tribunal Ac 25:10 (Appian says Prooem. c. 15 §62 of himself: δίκαις ἐν Ῥώμῃ συναγορεύσας ἐ. τῶν βασιλέων=I acted as attorney in lawsuits in Rome before the emperors).—Gener. in someone’s presence (Appian, Syr. 61 §324 ἐφʼ ὑμῶν=in your presence) ἐ. Τίτου before Titus 2 Cor 7:14. Cp.10 below.
    ④ marker of movement to or contact w. a goal, toward, in direction of, on
    ⓐ w. gen., marking contact with the goal that is reached, answering the question ‘whither?’ toward, on, at w. verbs of motion (Appian, Iber. 98 §427 ἀπέπλευσεν ἐπʼ οἴκου=he sailed [toward] home; PGM 4, 2468f ἀναβὰς ἐ. δώματος; JosAs 27:1 ἀνέδραμε … ἐ. πέτρας; Jos., Ant. 4, 91 ἔφευγον ἐ. τ. πόλεων; Tat. 33:3 Εὐρώπην ἐ. τοῦ ταύρου καθιδρύσαντος) βάλλειν τὸν σπόρον ἐ. τῆς γῆς Mk 4:26; also σπείρειν vs. 31. πίπτειν (Wsd 18:23; TestAbr A 3 p. 80, 11 [Stone p. 8]; JosAs 9:1) 9:20; 14:35. καθιέναι Ac 10:11. τιθέναι (Sir 17:4) Lk 8:16; J 19:19; Ac 5:15. ἔρχεσθαι Hb 6:7; Rv 3:10; γίνεσθαι ἐ. reach, be at J 6:21. γενόμενος ἐ. τοῦ τόπου when he reached the place Lk 22:40. καθίζειν take one’s seat ἐ. θρόνου (JosAs 7:1 al.) Mt 19:28 (s. 1a end); 23:2; 25:31; J 19:13 (ἐ. βήματος of Pilate as Jos., Bell. 2, 172; of Jesus Just., A I, 35, 6). κρεμαννύναι ἐ. ξύλου hang on a tree (i.e. cross) (Gen 40:19; cp. Just., D. 86, 6 σταυρωθῆναι ἐ. τοῦ ξύλου) Ac 5:30; 10:39; cp. Gal 3:13 (Dt 21:23).
    ⓑ w. acc.
    α. specifying direction (En 24:2 ἐ. νότον ‘southward’ of position of the mountain) of motion that takes a particular direction, to, toward ἐκτείνας τ. χεῖρα ἐ. τοὺς μαθητάς Mt 12:49; cp. Lk 22:53 (JosAs 12:8). πορεύεσθαι ἐ. τὸ ἀπολωλός go after the one that is lost 15:4. ἐ. τὴν ῏Ασσον in the direction of Assos Ac 20:13. ἐπιστρέφειν ἐ. τι turn to someth. 2 Pt 2:22 (cp. Pr 26:11; En 99:5). ὡς ἐ. λῃστήν as if against a robber Mt 26:55; Mk 14:48; Lk 22:52.
    β. from one point to another across, over w. motion implied (Hom.+; LXX) περιπατεῖν, ἐλθεῖν ἐ. τ. θάλασσαν or ἐ. τ. ὕδατα Mt 14:25, 28f; J 6:19 P75. Of spreading across the land (PsSol 17:10): famine Ac 7:11; 11:28; darkness Mt 27:45; Lk 23:44. ἐ. σταδίους δώδεκα χιλιάδων across twelve thousand stades Rv 21:16 v.l. (Polyaenus 5, 44, 4 ἐ. στάδια δέκα); ἐ. πλεῖον further (1 Esdr 2:24; 2 Macc 10:27) Ac 4:17.
    γ. of goal attained (Hom. et al.; LXX) on, upon someone or someth. πέσατε ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς Lk 23:30 (Hos 10:8). ἔπεσεν ἐ. τὰ πετρώδη Mt 13:5; cp. Lk 13:4. ἔρχεσθαι ἐ. τινα come upon someone Mt 3:16; also καταβαίνειν fr. above J 1:33; cp. Rv 16:21. ἀναβαίνειν (Jos., Ant. 13, 138; Just., A II, 12, 7) Lk 5:19. ἐπιβαίνειν Mt 21:5 (Zech 9:9).—Ac 2:3; 9:4 al.; διασωθῆναι ἐ. τ. γῆν be brought safely to the land 27:44; cp. vs. 43; Lk 8:27. ἐ. τὸ πλοῖον to the ship Ac 20:13. ἀναπεσεῖν ἐ. τὴν γῆν lie down or sit down on the ground Mt 15:35. ἔρριψεν αὐτὸν χαμαὶ ἐ. τὸν σάκκον he threw himself down on the sackcloth GJs 13:1. τιθέναι τι ἐ. τι put someth. on someth. (JosAs 16:11) Mt 5:15; Lk 11:33; Mk 8:25 v.l.; likew. ἐπιτιθέναι (JosAs 29:5) Mt 23:4; Mk 8:25; Lk 15:5; J 9:6, 15; Ac 15:10. ἐπιβάλλειν τ. χεῖρας ἐ. τινα (Gen 22:12 al.) Mt 26:50; Lk 21:12; Ac 5:18. Mainly after verbs of placing, laying, putting, bringing, etc. on, to: ἀναβιβάζω, ἀναφέρω, βάλλω, γράφω, δίδωμι, ἐγγίζω, ἐπιβιβάζω, ἐπιγράφω, ἐποικοδομέω, ἐπιρ(ρ)ίπτω, θεμελιόω, ἵστημι, κατάγω, οἰκοδομέω, σωρεύω; s. these entries. Sim. βρέχειν ἐ. τινα cause rain to fall upon someone Mt 5:45 (cp. PsSol 17:18); also τ. ἥλιον ἀνατέλλειν ἐ. τινα cause the sun to rise so that its rays fall upon someone *ibid. τύπτειν τινὰ ἐ. τὴν σιαγόνα strike on the cheek Lk 6:29. πίπτειν ἐ. (τὸ) πρόσωπον (Jdth 14:6) on the face Mt 17:6; 26:39; Lk 5:12; 17:16; 1 Cor 14:25; Rv 7:11.—To, upon w. acc. of thing πορεύεσθαι ἐ. τὴν ὁδόν go to the road Ac 8:26; cp. 9:11. ἐ. τὰς διεξόδους Mt 22:9. ἵνα μὴ πνέῃ ἄνεμος ἐ. πᾶν δένδρον so that no wind should blow upon any tree Rv 7:1.
    δ. of closeness to someth. or someone to, up to, in the neighborhood of, on ἐ. τὸ μνημεῖον up to the tomb Mk 16:2; Lk 24:1 v.l., 22, 24; cp. ἐ. τὸ μνῆμα Mk 16:2 v.l.; Lk 24:1. ἔρχεσθαι ἐ. τι ὕδωρ come to some water Ac 8:36. ἐ. τὴν πύλην τὴν σιδηρᾶν to the iron gate 12:10. καταβαίνειν ἐ. τὴν θάλασσαν go down to the sea J 6:16. ἐ. τὸν Ἰορδάνην Mt 3:13 (Just., D. 88, 3 al.). ἀναπίπτειν ἐ. τὸ στῆθος he leaned back on (Jesus’) breast J 13:25; 21:20. πίπτειν ἐ. τοὺς πόδας fall at (someone’s) feet Ac 10:25 (JosAs 14:10 ἔπεσεν ἐ πρόσωπον ἐ. τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ). ἐ. τ. ἀκάνθας among the thorns Mt 13:7.—W. acc. of pers. to someone ἐ. τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἐλθόντες they came to Jesus J 19:33; cp. Mt 27:27; Mk 5:21.
    ε. in imagery of goal or objective to, toward (Just., A II, 7, 6 ἐπʼ ἀμφότερα τρέπεσθαι) ἐπιστρέφειν, ἐπιστρέφεσθαι ἐ. τινα turn to (Dt 30:10; 31:20 al.; Ar. 2, 1 ἔλθωμεν καὶ ἐ. τὸ ἀνθρώπινον γένος ‘let us now turn to …’; Just., D. 56, 11 ἐ. τὰς γραφὰς ἐπανελθών) Lk 1:17; Ac 9:35; 11:21; 14:15; 26:20; Gal 4:9; 1 Pt 2:25.
    ⑤ marker of manner, corresponding to an adv., w. dat. (Aeschyl., Suppl. 628 ἐπʼ ἀληθείᾳ; UPZ 162 VI, 3 [117 B.C.] κακοτρόπως καὶ ἐ. ῥαδιουργίᾳ; POxy 237 VI, 21 ἐ. τῇ τῶν ἀνθρ. σωτηρίᾳ; ἐφʼ ὁράσει En 14:8; Just., A I, 9, 3 ἐφʼ ὕβρει; 55, 7 ἐ. τούτῳ τῷ σχήματι ‘in this form’; Tat. 17, 1 ἐπʼ ἀκριβείᾳ; Ath. 33, 2 ἐφʼ ἑνὶ γάμῳ) ὁ σπείρων ἐπʼ εὐλογίαις (in contrast to ὁ σπείρων φειδομένως one who sows sparingly) one who sows in blessing (i.e. generously) 2 Cor 9:6. ἐπʼ εὐλογίαις θερίζειν reap generously ibid.
    ⑥ marker of basis for a state of being, action, or result, on, w. dat. (Hom. et al.)
    ⓐ ἐπʼ ἄρτῳ ζῆν live on bread Mt 4:4; Lk 4:4 (both Dt 8:3. cp. Ps.-Pla., Alcib. 1, 105c; Plut., Mor. 526d; Alciphron 3, 7, 5; SibOr 4, 154). ἐ. τῷ ῥήματί σου depending on your word Lk 5:5. οὐ συνῆκαν ἐ. τοῖς ἄρτοις they did not arrive at an understanding (of it) (by reflecting) on (the miracle of) the loaves Mk 6:52 (cp. Demosth. 18, 121 τί σαυτὸν οὐκ ἐλλεβορίζεις ἐ. τούτοις [sc. λόγοις];=why do you not come to an understanding concerning these words?). ἐ. τῇ πίστει on the basis of faith Ac 3:16; Phil 3:9. ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι on the basis of hope, supporting itself on hope Ac 2:26 (? s. ἐλπίς 1bα); Ro 4:18; 8:20; 1 Cor 9:10; Tit 1:2.—Ac 26:6 ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι gives the basis of the trial at law, as does ἐ. εὐεργεσίᾳ 4:9. ἀπολύειν τ. γυναῖκα ἐ. πορνείᾳ Mt 19:9 (cp. Dio Chrys. 26 [43], 10 ἀπολύειν ἐπʼ ἀργυρίῳ; Ath. 2, 3 κρίνεσθαι … μὴ ἐ. τῷ ὀνόματι, ἐ. δὲ τῷ ἀδικήματι). γυναικὸς ἐ. πόλλαις ἁμαρτίαις διαβληθείσης Papias (2:17). On the basis of the testimony of two witnesses (cp. Appian, Iber. 79 §343 ἤλεγχον ἐ. μάρτυσι) Hb 10:28 (Dt 17:6); sim. use of ἐ. τινί on the basis of someth.: 8:6; 9:10, 15 (here it may also be taken in the temporal sense; s. 18 below), 17. ἁμαρτάνειν ἐ. τῷ ὁμοιώματι τ. παραβάσεως Ἀδάμ Ro 5:14 (ὁμοίωμα 1). δαπανᾶν ἐ. τινι pay the expenses for someone Ac 21:24. ἀρκεῖσθαι ἐ. τινι be content w. someth. 3J 10.
    ⓑ w. verbs of believing, hoping, trusting: πεποιθέναι (Wsd 3:9; Sus 35; 1 Macc 10:71; 2 Macc 7:40 and oft.) Lk 11:22; 18:9; 2 Cor 1:9; Hb 2:13 (2 Km 22:3). πιστεύειν Lk 24:25; Ro 9:33; 10:11; 1 Pt 2:6 (the last three Is 28:16). ἐλπίζειν (2 Macc 2:18; Sir 34:7) Ro 15:12 (Is 11:10); 1 Ti 4:10; 6:17; cp. 1J 3:3. παρρησιάζεσθαι Ac 14:3.
    ⓒ after verbs which express feelings, opinions, etc.: at, because of, from, with (Hom. et al.) διαταράσσεσθαι Lk 1:29. ἐκθαυμάζειν Mk 12:17. ἐκπλήσσεσθαι Mt 7:28; Mk 1:22; Lk 4:32; Ac 13:12. ἐξίστασθαι (Jdth 11:16; Wsd 5:2 al.) Lk 2:47. ἐπαισχύνεσθαι (Is 1:29) Ro 6:21. εὐφραίνεσθαι (Sir 16:1; 18:32; 1 Macc 11:44) Rv 18:20. θαμβεῖσθαι Mk 10:24; cp. Lk 5:9; Ac 3:10. θαυμάζειν (Lev 26:32; Jdth 10:7 al.; Jos., Ant. 10, 277) Mk 12:17 v.l. μακροθυμεῖν (Sir 18:11; 29:8; 35:19) Mt 18:26, 29; Lk 18:7; Js 5:7. μετανοεῖν (Plut., Ag. 803 [19, 5]; Ps.-Lucian, Salt. 84; Prayer of Manasseh [=Odes 12] 7; Just., A I, 61, 10; D. 95, 3 al.) 2 Cor 12:21. ὀδυνᾶσθαι (cp. Tob 6:15) Ac 20:38. ὀργίζεσθαι Rv 12:17. σπλαγχνίζεσθαι Mt 14:14; Lk 7:13. συλλυπεῖσθαι Mk 3:5. στυγνάζειν 10:22. χαίρειν (PEleph 13, 3; Jos., Ant. 1, 294; Tob 13:15; Bar 4:33; JosAs 4:2; Ar. 15, 7) Mt 18:13; Lk 1:14; 13:17; Ro 16:19 al. χαρὰν καὶ παράκλησιν ἔχειν Phlm 7. χαρὰ ἔσται Lk 15:7; cp. vs. 10 (Jos., Ant. 6, 116 ἡ ἐ. τῇ νίκῃ χαρά). Also w. verbs that denote aroused feelings παραζηλοῦν and παροργίζειν make jealous and angry at Ro 10:19 (Dt 32:21). παρακαλεῖν 1 Th 3:7a (cp. Just., D. 78:8 παράκλησιν ἐχουσῶν ἐ.), as well as those verbs that denote an expression of the emotions ἀγαλλιᾶσθαι (cp. Tob 13:15; Ps 69:5) Lk 1:47; Hs 8, 1, 18; 9, 24, 2. καυχᾶσθαι (Diod S 16, 70; Sir 30:2) Ro 5:2. κοπετὸν ποιεῖν (cp. 3 Macc 4:3) Ac 8:2. ὀλολύζειν Js 5:1. αἰνεῖν (cp. X., An. 3, 1, 45 al.) Lk 2:20. δοξάζειν (Polyb. 6, 53, 10; cp. Diod S 17, 21, 4 δόξα ἐ. ἀνδρείᾳ=fame because of bravery) Ac 4:21; 2 Cor 9:13. εὐχαριστεῖν give thanks for someth. (s. εὐχαριστέω 2; UPZ 59, 10 [168 B.C.] ἐ. τῷ ἐρρῶσθαί σε τ. θεοῖς εὐχαρίστουν) 1 Cor 1:4; cp. 2 Cor 9:15; 1 Th 3:9.—ἐφʼ ᾧ = ἐπὶ τούτῳ ὅτι for this reason that, because (Diod S 19, 98; Appian, Bell. Civ. 1, 112 §520; Ael. Aristid. 53 p. 640 D.; Synes., Ep. 73 p. 221c; Damasc., Vi. Isid. 154; Syntipas p. 12, 9; 127, 8; Thomas Mag. ἐφʼ ᾧ ἀντὶ τοῦ διότι; cp. W-S. §24, 5b and 12f. S. WKümmel, D. Bild des Menschen im NT ’48, 36–40) Ro 5:12 (SLyonnet, Biblica 36, ’55, 436–56 [denies a causal sense here]. On the probability of commercial idiom s. FDanker, FGingrich Festschr. ’72, 104f, also Ro 5:12, Sin under Law: NTS 14, ’68, 424–39; against him SPorter, TynBull 41, ’90, 3–30, also NTS 39, ’93, 321–33; difft. JFitzmyer, Anchor Bible Comm.: Romans, ad loc. ‘w. the result that all have sinned’); 2 Cor 5:4; Phil 3:12; for, indeed 4:10.
    ⑦ marker of addition to what is already in existence, to, in addition to. W. dat. (Hom. et al.; PEleph 5, 17 [284/283 B.C.] μηνὸς Τῦβι τρίτῃ ἐπʼ εἰκάδι; Tob 2:14; Sir 3:27; 5:5) προσέθηκεν τοῦτο ἐ. πᾶσιν he added this to everything else Lk 3:20 (cp. Lucian, Luct. [On Funerals], 24). ἐ. τ. παρακλήσει ἡμῶν in addition to our comfort 2 Cor 7:13. λύπη ἐ. λύπῃ grief upon grief Phil 2:27 v.l. (cp. Soph., Oed. C. 544, also Polyb. 1, 57, 1 πληγὴ ἐ. πληγῇ; Plut., Mor. 123f; Polyaenus 5, 52 ἐ. φόνῳ φόνον; Quint. Smyrn. 5, 602 ἐ. πένθει πένθος=sorrow upon sorrow; Sir 26:15). ἐ. τῇ σῇ εὐχαριστίᾳ to your prayer of thanks 1 Cor 14:16. So perh. also Hb 8:1. ἐ. πᾶσι τούτοις to all these Col 3:14; Lk 16:26 v.l. (X., Mem. 1, 2, 25 al.; Sir 37:15; cp. 1 Macc 10:42; Just., D. 133, 1 ἐ. τούτοις πᾶσι).—W. acc.: addition to someth. of the same kind Mt 6:27; Lk 12:25; Rv 22:18a. λύπην ἐ. λύπην sorrow upon sorrow Phil 2:27 (cp. Is 28:10, 13; Ezk 7:26; Ps 68:28).
    ⑧ marker of perspective, in consideration of, in regard to, on the basis of, concerning, about, w. gen. (Antig. Car. 164 ἐ. τῶν οἴνων ἀλλοιοῦσθαι; 4 Macc. 2:9 ἐ. τῶν ἑτέρων … ἔστιν ἐπιγνῶναι τοῦτο, ὅτι …; Ath. 29, 2 τὰ ἐ. τῆς μανίας πάθη) ἐ. δύο ἢ τριῶν μαρτύρων on the evidence of two or three witnesses 1 Ti 5:19 (cp. TestAbr A 13 p. 92, 22ff. [Stone p. 32]). Sim. in the expr. ἐ. στόματος δύο μαρτύρων (Dt 19:15) Mt 18:16; 2 Cor 13:1. ἐπʼ αὐτῆς on the basis of it Hb 7:11. ἐπʼ ἀληθείας based on truth = in accordance w. truth, truly (Demosth. 18, 17 ἐπʼ ἀληθείας οὐδεμιᾶς εἰρημένα; POxy 255, 16 [48 A.D.]; Da 2:8; Tob 8:7; En 104:11) Mk 12:14, 32; Lk 4:25; 20:21; Ac 4:27. ἐφʼ ἑαυτοῦ based on himself = to or by himself (X., An. 2, 4, 10; Demosth. 18, 224 ἐκρίνετο ἐφʼ ἑαυτοῦ; Dionys. Hal., Comp. Verb. 16 ἐ. σεαυτοῦ. Cp. Kühner-G. I 498e) 2 Cor 10:7.—To introduce the object which is to be discussed or acted upon λέγειν ἐ. τινος speak of, about someth. (Pla., Charm., 155d, Leg. 2, 662d; Isocr. 6, 41; Aelian, VH 1, 30; Jer 35:8; EpArist 162; 170; Ath. 5:1 ἐ. τοῦ νοητοῦ … δογματίζειν) Gal 3:16. Do someth. on, in the case of (cp. 1 Esdr 1:22) σημεῖα ποιεῖν ἐ. τῶν ἀσθενούντων work miracles on the sick J 6:2.—On B 13:6 s. τίθημι 1bζ.—In ref. to someth. (Aristot., Pol. 1280a, 17; 4 Macc 12:5 τῶν ἐ. τῆς βασιλείας … πραγμάτων; Just., A I, 5, 1 ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ‘in our case’, D. 131, 4; Ath. 15, 3 ἐ. τῆς ὕλης καὶ τοῦ θεοῦ ‘as respects God and matter, so …’) ἐ. τινων δεῖ ἐγκρατεύεσθαι in certain matters one must practice self-control Hm 8:1. οὔτε … οἴδασι τὸν ἐ. τοῦ πυροῦ σπόρον nor do they comprehend (the figurative sense of) the sowing of wheat AcPlCor 2:26 (cp. 1 Cor 15:36f).
    ⑨ marker of power, authority, control of or over someone or someth., over
    ⓐ w. gen. (Hdt. 5, 109 al.; Mitt-Wilck. I/1, 124, 1=BGU 1120, 1 [5 B.C.] πρωτάρχῳ ἐ. τοῦ κριτηρίου; 287, 1; LXX; AscIs 2:5 τοῦ ἐ. τῶν πραγματε[ι] ῶν=Denis p. 109) βασιλεύειν ἐ. τινος (Judg 9:8, 10; 1 Km 8:7) Rv 5:10. ἔχειν βασιλείαν ἐ. τῶν βασιλέων 17:18. ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν ἐ. τινος have power over someone 20:6. διδόναι ἐξουσίαν ἐ. τινος 2:26. καθιστάναι τινὰ ἐ. τινος set someone over, put someone in charge, of someth. or someone (Pla., Rep. 5, 460b; Demosth. 18, 118; Gen 39:4f; 1 Macc 6:14; 10:37; 2 Macc 12:20 al.; EpArist 281; τεταγμένος En 20:5) Mt 24:45; Lk 12:42; Ac 6:3. εἶναι ἐ. τινος (Synes., Ep. 79 p. 224d; Tob 1:22; Jdth 14:13; 1 Macc 10:69) ὸ̔ς ἦν ἐ. πάσης τῆς γάζης αὐτῆς who was in charge of all her treasure 8:27. Of God ὁ ὢν ἐ. πάντων (Apollonius of Tyana [I A.D.] in Eus., PE 4, 13) Ro 9:5; cp. Eph 4:6. ὁ ἐ. τινος w. ὤν to be supplied (Demosth. 18, 247 al.; Diod S 13, 47, 6; Plut., Pyrrh. 385 [5, 7], Aemil. Paul. 267 [23, 6]; PTebt 5, 88 [118 B.C.] ὁ ἐ. τ. προσόδων; 1 Macc 6:28; 2 Macc 3:7; 3 Macc 6:30 al.; EpArist 110; 174) ὁ ἐ. τοῦ κοιτῶνος the chamberlain Ac 12:20.
    ⓑ w dat. (X., Cyr. 1, 2, 5; 2, 4, 25 al., An. 4, 1, 13; Demosth. 19, 113; Aeschines 2, 73; Esth 8:12e; Just., A II, 5, 2 ἀγγέλοις οὓς ἐ. τούτοις ἔταξε; cp. Ath. 24, 3; Ath. 6, 4 τὸν ἐ. τῇ κινήσει τοῦ σώματος λόγον) Mt 24:47; Lk 12:44.
    ⓒ w. acc. (X., Hell. 3, 4, 20 al.; Dionys. Byz. §56 θεῷ ἐ. πάντα δύναμις; LXX; PsSol 17:3, 32) βασιλεύειν ἐ. τινα rule over someone (Gen 37:8; Judg 9:15 B al.) Lk 1:33; 19:14, 27; Ro 5:14. καθιστάναι τινὰ ἐ. τινα set someone over someone (X., Cyr. 4, 5, 58) κριτὴν ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς as judge over you Lk 12:14; ἡγούμενον ἐπʼ Αἴγυπτον Ac 7:10; cp. Hb 2:7 v.l. (Ps 8:7); 3:6; 10:21. ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν ἐ. τι Rv 16:9. ἐξουσίαν διδόναι ἐ. τι (Sir 33:20) Lk 9:1; 10:19; Rv 6:8; cp. 22:14. φυλάσσειν φυλακὰς ἐ. τι Lk 2:8 (cp. En 100:5). ὑπεραίρεσθαι ἐ. τινα exalt oneself above someone 2 Th 2:4 (cp. Da 11:36); but here the mng. against is also poss. (s. 12b below). πιστὸς ἐ. τι faithful over someth. Mt 25:21, 23.
    ⑩ marker of legal proceeding, before, w. acc. in the lang. of the law-courts ἐ. ἡγεμόνας καὶ βασιλεῖς ἄγεσθαι be brought before governors and kings Mt 10:18; cp. Lk 21:12 (cp. BGU 22, 36 [114 A.D.] ἀξιῶ ἀκθῆναι [=ἀχθῆναι] τ. ἐνκαλουμένους ἐ. σὲ πρὸς δέουσαν ἐπέξοδον; Just., A II, 2, 12 ἐ. Οὔρβικον). ὑπάγεις ἐπʼ ἄρχοντα you are going before the magistrate Lk 12:58; cp. Ac 16:19. ἤγαγον αὐτὸν ἐ. τὸν Πιλᾶτον Lk 23:1. ἐ. τοὺς ἀρχιερεῖς Ac 9:21. ἐ. Καίσαρα πορεύεσθαι come before the emperor 25:12. ἐ. τὰς συναγωγάς Lk 12:11. ἐ. τὸ βῆμα Ac 18:12. Cp. 3 above. Here the focus is on transfer to the judiciary.
    ⑪ marker of purpose, goal, result, to, for, w. acc. (Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 2, 3 Jac. ἐ. κατοικίαν) ἐ. τὸ βάπτισμα for baptism=to have themselves baptized Mt 3:7 (cp. Just., A I, 61, 10 ἐ. τὸ λουτρόν; D. 56, 1 ἐ. τὴν … κρίσιν πεμφθεῖσι). ἐ. τὴν θεωρίαν ταύτην for (i.e. to see) this sight Lk 23:48 (sim. Hom. et al.; POxy 294, 18 [22 A.D.]; LXX; Tat. 23, 2 ἐ. τὴν θέαν). ἐ. τὸ συμφέρον to (our) advantage Hb 12:10 (cp. Tat. 6, 1; 34, 2 οὐκ ἐ. τι χρήσιμον ‘to no purpose’). ἐ. σφαγήν Ac 8:32 (Is 53:7); cp. Mt 22:5; ἐ. τ. τελειότητα Hb 6:1. ἐ. τοῦτο for this (X., An. 2, 5, 22; Jos., Ant. 12, 23) Lk 4:43. ἐφʼ ὅ; for what (reason)? Mt 26:50 v.l. (s. ὅς 1bα and 1iβ). Cp. 16.
    ⑫ marker of hostile opposition, against
    ⓐ w. dat. (Hom. et al.; 2 Macc 13:19; Sir 28:23 v.l.; fig. Ath. 22, 7 τοὺς ἐπʼ αὐτοῖς λόγους ‘counter-evidence’) Lk 12:52f (s. use of acc. b below); Ac 11:19. Cp. J 8:7 v.l. (1bβ above).
    ⓑ w. acc. (Hdt. 1, 71; X., Hell. 3, 4, 20 al.; Jos., Ant. 13, 331; LXX; En; TestJud 3:1 al.; JosAs 19:2; Just., D. 103, 7; Tat. 36, 2) ὥρμησαν ἐ. αὐτόν Ac 7:57. ἔρχεσθαι Lk 14:31. ἐπαναστήσονται τέκνα ἐ. γονεῖς Mt 10:21; Mk 13:12; cp. ἔθνος ἐ. ἔθνος Mt 24:7; Mk 13:8. ἐφʼ ἑαυτόν divided against himself Mt 12:26; Mk 3:24f, 26; Lk 11:17f; cp. J 13:18 (s. Ps 40:10); Ac 4:27; 13:50 al.—Lk 12:53 (4 times; the first and third occurrences w. the acc. are prob. influenced by usage in Mic 7:6; the use of the dat. Lk 12:52f [s. a above] w. a verb expressing a circumstance is in accord with older Gk. [Il. et al.], which prefers the acc. with verbs of motion in ref. to hostility). Cp. 15.
    ⑬ marker of number or measure, w. acc. (Hdt. et. al.; LXX; GrBar 3:6) ἐ. τρίς (CIG 1122, 9; PHolm α18) three times Ac 10:16; 11:10. So also ἐ. πολύ more than once Hm 4, 1, 8. ἐ. πολύ (also written ἐπιπολύ) in a different sense to a great extent, carefully (Hdt., Thu. et al.; Lucian, D. Deor. 6, 2; 25, 2; 3 Macc 5:17; Jos., Ant. 17, 107) B 4:1. ἐ. πλεῖον to a greater extent, further (Hdt., Thu. et al.; Diod S 11, 60, 5 al.; prob. 2 Macc 12:36; TestGad 7:2; Ar. 4, 3; Ath. 7, 1 ἐ. το πλεῖστον) 2 Ti 3:9; 1 Cl 18:3 (Ps 50:4). ἐ. τὸ χεῖρον 2 Ti 3:13. ἐφʼ ὅσον to the degree that, in so far as (Diod S 1, 93, 2; Maximus Tyr. 11, 3c ἐφʼ ὅσον δύναται; Hierocles 14 p. 451) Mt 25:40, 45; B 4:11; 17:1; Ro 11:13.
    ⑭ marker indicating the one to whom, for whom, or about whom someth. is done, to, on, about
    ⓐ w. dat. πράσσειν τι ἐ. τινι do someth. to someone Ac 5:35 (thus Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 15 §51; cp. δρᾶν τι ἐ. τινι Hdt. 3, 14; Aelian, NA 11, 11); about γεγραμμένα ἐπʼ αὐτῷ J 12:16 (cp. Hdt. 1, 66). προφητεύειν ἐ. τινι Rv 10:11. μαρτυρεῖν bear witness about Hb 11:4; Rv 22:16. ἐ. σοὶ … φανερώσει κύριος τὸ λύτρον the Lord will reveal the salvation to you GJs 7:2.
    ⓑ w. acc.
    α. ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἐφʼ ὸ̔ν γεγόνει τὸ σημεῖον the man on whom the miracle had been performed Ac 4:22 (cp. Just., D. 128, 1 κρίσεως γεγενημένης ἐ. Σόδομα). ἐφʼ ὸ̔ν λέγεται ταῦτα the one about whom this was said Hb 7:13 (cp. ἐ. πόρρω οὖσαν [γενεὰν] ἐγὼ λαλῶ En 1:2). γέγραπται ἐπʼ αὐτόν Mk 9:12f; cp. Ro 4:9; 1 Ti 1:18; βάλλειν κλῆρον ἐ. τι for someth. Mk 15:24; J 19:24 (Ps 21:19). ἀνέβη ὁ κλῆρος ἐ. Συμεών the lot came up in favor of Simeon GJs 24:4.
    β. of powers, conditions, etc., which come upon someone or under whose influence someone is: on, upon, to, over ἐγένετο ῥῆμα θεοῦ ἐ. Ἰωάννην the word of God came to John Lk 3:2 (cp. Jer 1:1). Of divine blessings (cp. En 1:8; ParJer 5:28) Mt 10:13; 12:28; Lk 10:6; 11:20; cp. 10:9; Ac 10:10. ἵνα ἐπισκηνώσῃ ἐπʼ ἐμὲ ἡ δύναμις τ. Χριστοῦ that the power of Christ may rest upon me 2 Cor 12:9. χάρις θεοῦ ἦν ἐπʼ αὐτό Lk 2:40. Various verbs are used in ref. to the Holy Spirit, either in pass. or act. role, in connection w. ἐ. τινα: ἐκχεῖν Ac 2:17f (Jo 3:1f); cp. 10:45; Tit 3:6. ἀποστέλλειν (ἐξαποστέλλειν v.l.) Lk 24:49. ἐπέρχεσθαι 1:35; Ac 1:8 (Just., D. 87, 3; cp. ἔρχεσθαι A I, 33, 6; D. 49, 7 ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἠλίου ἐ. τὸν Ἰωάννην ἐλθεῖν). ἐπιπίπτειν 10:44. καταβαίνειν Lk 3:22; J 1:33. τίθεσθαι Mt 12:18 (cp. Is 42:1). Also εἶναι Lk 2:25. μένειν J 1:32f. ἀναπαύεσθαι 1 Pt 4:14. Of unpleasant or startling experiences Lk 1:12, 65; 4:36; Ac 13:11; 19:17; Rv 11:11.—Lk 19:43; 21:35, cp. vs. 34; J 18:4; Eph 5:6; cp. Rv 3:3.—Ro 2:2, 9; 15:3 (Ps 68:10). Of the blood of the righteous, that comes over or upon the murderers Mt 23:35; 27:25; Ac 5:28. Of care, which one casts on someone else 1 Pt 5:7 (Ps 54:23).
    ⑮ marker of feelings directed toward someone, in, on, for, toward, w. acc., after words that express belief, trust, hope: πιστεύειν ἐ. τινα, w. acc. (Wsd 12:2; Just., D. 16:4 al.) Ac 9:42; 11:17; 16:31; 22:19; Ro 4:24. πίστις Hb 6:1. πεποιθέναι (Is 58:14) Mt 27:43; 2 Th 3:4; 2 Cor 2:3. ἐλπίζειν (1 Ch 5:20; 2 Ch 13:18 al.; PsSol 9:10; 17:3; Just., D. 16:4 al.) 1 Pt 1:13; 1 Ti 5:5. After words that characterize an emotion or its expression: for κόπτεσθαι (Zech 12:10) Rv 1:7; 18:9. κλαίειν Lk 23:28; Rv 18:9 (cp. JosAs 15:9 χαρήσεται ἐ. σέ). σπλαγχνίζεσθαι Mt 15:32; Mk 8:2; 9:22; Hm 4, 3, 5; Hs 9, 24, 2. χρηστός toward Lk 6:35. χρηστότης Ro 11:22; Eph 2:7; cp. Ro 9:23. Esp. also if the feelings or their expressions are of a hostile nature: toward, against (cp. λοιδορεῖν Just., D. 137, 2) ἀποτομία Ro 11:22. μαρτύριον Lk 9:5. μάρτυς ἐ. τ. ἐμὴν ψυχήν a witness against my soul (cp. Dssm., LO 258; 355 [LAE 304; 417]) 2 Cor 1:23. ἀσχημονεῖν 1 Cor 7:36. μοιχᾶσθαι Mk 10:11. τολμᾶν 2 Cor 10:2 (En 7:4). βρύχειν τ. ὀδόντας Ac 7:54. Cp. 12.
    ⑯ marker of object or purpose, with dat. in ref. to someth. (Hom., Thu. et al.; SIG 888, 5 ἐ. τῇ τῶν ἀνθρ. σωτηρίᾳ; PTebt 44, 6 [114 B.C.] ὄντος μου ἐ. θεραπείᾳ ἐν τῷ Ἰσιείω; LXX; TestJob 3:5 ὁ ἐ. τῇ σωτηρίᾳ τῆς ἐμῆς ψυχῆς ἐλθών; Jos., Ant. 5, 101; Just., A I, 29, 1 ἐ. παίδων ἀναστροφῇ; D. 91, 4 ἐ. σωτηρίᾳ τῶν πιστευόντων) καλείν τινα ἐ. τινι call someone for someth. Gal 5:13 (on ἐπʼ ἐλευθερίᾳ cp. Demosth. 23, 124; [59], 32); ἐ. ἀκαθαρσίᾳ for impurity, i.e. so that we should be impure 1 Th 4:7. κτισθέντες ἐ. ἔργοις ἀγαθοῖς for good deeds Eph 2:10. λογομαχεῖν ἐ. καταστροφῇ τῶν ἀκουόντων for the ruin of those who hear 2 Ti 2:14 (cp. Eur., Hipp. 511; X., Mem. 2, 3, 19 ἐ. βλάβη; Hdt. 1, 68 ἐ. κακῷ ἀνθρώπου; Polyb. 27, 7, 13 and PGM 4, 2440 ἐπʼ ἀγαθῷ=‘for good’). Cp. 11.
    ⑰ marker in idiom of authorization, w. dat.: the formula ἐ. τῷ ὀνοματί τινος, in the name of someone, used w. many verbs (Just., D. 39, 6 w. γίνεσθαι, otherw. ἐ. ὀνόματος, e.g. A I, 61, 13; w. διὰ τοῦ ὀ. and in oaths κατὰ τοῦ ὀ. A II, 6, 6, D. 30, 3; 85, 2.—Ath. 23, 1 ἐ. ὀνόματι εἰδώλων.—ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι LXX; JosAs 9:1), focuses on the authorizing function of the one named in the gen. (cp. WHeitmüller [‘Im Namen Jesu’ 1903, 13ff], ‘in connection with, or by the use of, i.e. naming, or calling out, or calling upon the name’ [88]): βαπτίζειν Ac 2:38. δέχεσθαί τινα Mt 18:5; Mk 9:37; Lk 9:48. διδάσκειν Ac 4:18; 5:28. δύναμιν ποιεῖν Mk 9:39. ἐκβάλλειν δαιμόνια Lk 9:49 v.l. ἔρχεσθαι Mt 24:5; Mk 13:6; Lk 21:8. κηρύσσειν 24:47. λαλεῖν Ac 4:17; 5:40. Semantically divergent from the preceding, but formulaically analogous, is καλεῖν τινα ἐ. τῷ ὀν. τινος name someone after someone (2 Esdr 17:63) Lk 1:59.—ὄνομα 1dγג.—M-M.
    ⑱ marker of temporal associations, in the time of, at, on, for
    ⓐ w. gen., time within which an event or condition takes place (Hom.+) in the time of, under (kings or other rulers): in the time of Elisha Lk 4:27 (cp. Just., D. 46, 6 ἐ. Ἠλίου). ἐ. τῆς μετοικεσίας at the time of the exile Mt 1:11. Under=during the rule or administration of (Hes., Op. 111; Hdt. 6, 98 al.; OGI 90, 15; PAmh 43, 2 [173 B.C.]; UPZ 162 V, 5 [117 B.C.]; 1 Esdr 2:12; 1 Macc 13:42; 2 Macc 15:22; Jos., Ant. 12, 156 ἐ. ἀρχιερέως Ὀ.) ἐ. Ἀβιαθὰρ ἀρχιερέως under, in the time of, Abiathar the high priest Mk 2:26. ἐ. ἀρχιερέως Ἅννα καὶ Καιάφα Lk 3:2. ἐ. Κλαυδίου Ac 11:28 (Just., A I, 26, 2). ἐ. τῶν πατέρων in the time of the fathers 1 Cl 23:3. ἐπʼ ἐσχάτων τῶν ἡμερῶν in the last days (Gen 49:1; Num 24:14; Mi 4:1; Jer 37:24; Da 10:14) 2 Pt 3:3; Hs 9, 12, 3; cp. Hb 1:2. ἐπʼ ἐσχάτου τοῦ χρόνου in the last time Jd 18. ἐπʼ ἐσχάτου τῶν χρόνων at the end of the times/ages 1 Pt 1:20. ἐ. τῶν προσευχῶν μου when I pray, in my prayers (cp. PTebt 58, 31 [111 B.C.] ἐ. τ. διαλόγου, ‘in the discussion’; 4 Macc 15:19 ἐ. τ. βασάνων ‘during the tortures’; Sir 37:29; 3 Macc 5:40; Demetr.: 722, Fgm. 1, 14 Jac. ἐ. τοῦ ἀρίστου; Synes., Ep. 121 p. 258c ἐ. τῶν κοινῶν ἱερῶν) Ro 1:10; Eph 1:16; 1 Th 1:2; Phlm 4.
    ⓑ w. dat., time at or during which (Hom. et al.; PTebt 5, 66 [118 B.C.]; PAmh 157; LXX; Just., A I, 13, 3 ἐ. χρόνοις Τίερίου) at, in, at the time of, during: ἐ. τοῖς νῦν χρόνοις in these present times 2 Cl 19:4. ἐ. τῇ πρώτῃ διαθήκῃ at the time of the first covenant Hb 9:15. ἐ. συντελείᾳ τ. αἰώνων at the close of the age 9:26 (Tat. 13, 1 ἐ. ς. τοῦ κόσμου; cp. Sir 22:10 and PLond III, 954, 18 p. 154 [260 A.D.] ἐ. τέλει τ. χρόνου; POxy 275, 20 [66 A.D.] ἐ. συνκλεισμῷ τ. χρόνου; En 27:3 ἐπʼ ἐσχάτοις αἰώσιν). ἐ. τῇ θυσίᾳ at the time of, together with, the sacrifice Phil 2:17. ἐ. πάσῃ τῇ μνείᾳ ὑμῶν at every remembrance of you Phil 1:3. ἐ. παροργισμῷ ὑμῶν during your wrath, i.e. while you are angry Eph 4:26. ἐ. πάσῃ τῇ ἀνάγκῃ in all (our) distress 1 Th 3:7b. ἐ. πάσῃ τῇ θλίψει 2 Cor 1:4. ἐ. τούτῳ in the meanwhile J 4:27 (Lucian, Dial. Deor. 17, 2, cp. Philops. 14 p. 41; Syntipas p. 76, 2 ἐφʼ ἡμέραις ἑπτα; 74, 6).
    ⓒ w. acc.
    α. answering the question ‘when?’ on: ἐ. τὴν αὔριον (Sb 6011, 14 [I B.C.]; PRyl 441 ἐ. τὴν ἐπαύριον) (on) the next day Lk 10:35; Ac 4:5. ἐ. τὴν ὥραν τ. προσευχῆς at the hour of prayer 3:1 (Polyaenus 8, 17 ἐ. ὥραν ὡρισμένην).
    β. answering the qu. ‘how long?’ for, over a period of (Hom. et al.; Mitt-Wilck. II/2, 170, 8=BGU 1058, 9 [13 B.C.]; POxy 275, 9; 15 ἐ. τὸν ὅλον χρόνον; PTebt 381, 19 ἐφʼ ὸ̔ν χρόνον περίεστιν ἡ μήτηρ; LXX; En 106:15; TestJob 30:2 ἐ. ὥρας τρεῖς; TestJud 3:4; TestGad 5:11; Jos., Ant. 11, 2; Just., D. 142, 1 ἐ. ποσόν ‘for awhile’) ἐ. ἔτη τρία for three years (Phlegon: 257 Fgm. 36, 2, 1 Jac.) Lk 4:25. ἐ. τρεῖς ἡμέρας for three days (Diod S 13, 19, 2; Arrian, Anab. 4, 9, 4; GDI 4706, 119 [Thera] ἐπʼ ἀμέρας τρεῖς) GPt 8:30 al. ἐ. ἡμέρας πλείους over a period of many days (Jos., Ant. 4, 277) Ac 13:31.—16:18 (ἐ. πολλὰς ἡμέρας as Appian, Liby. 29 §124; cp. Diod S 3, 16, 4); 17:2; 19:8, 10, 34; 27:20; Hb 11:30. ἐ. χρόνον for a while (cp. Il. 2, 299; Hdt. 9, 22, 1; Apollon. Rhod. 4, 1257; Jos., Vi. 2) Lk 18:4. ἐ. πλείονα χρόνον (Diod S 3, 16, 6; Hero Alex. I p. 344, 17) Ac 18:20. ἐφʼ ὅσον χρόνον as long as Ro 7:1; 1 Cor 7:39; Gal 4:1. Also ἐφʼ ὅσον as long as Mt 9:15; 2 Pt 1:13 (for other mngs. of ἐφʼ ὅσον s. above under 13). ἐφʼ ἱκανόν (sc. χρόνον) for a considerable time (EpArist 109) Ac 20:11. ἐ. χρόνον ἱκανόν Qua. ἐ. πολύ for a long time, throughout a long period of time (Thu. 1, 7; 1, 18, 1; 2, 16, 1 al.; Appian, Liby. 5 §21; Arrian, Cyneg. 23, 1; Lucian, Toxar. 20; Wsd 18:20; Sir 49:13; JosAs 19:3; Jos., Vi. 66: Just., A I, 65, 3) Ac 28:6. ἐ. πλεῖον the same (schol. on Pind., N. 7, 56b; PLille 3, 16 [III B.C.]; Jdth 13:1; Sir prol. l. 7; Jos., Ant. 18, 150) Ac 20:9; any longer (Lucian, D. Deor. 5, 3; Appian, Hann. 54 §227; 3 Macc 5:8; Wsd 8:12; Ath. 12, 3) Ac 24:4; 1 Cl 55:1.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐπί

  • 98 Language

       Philosophy is written in that great book, the universe, which is always open, right before our eyes. But one cannot understand this book without first learning to understand the language and to know the characters in which it is written. It is written in the language of mathematics, and the characters are triangles, circles, and other figures. Without these, one cannot understand a single word of it, and just wanders in a dark labyrinth. (Galileo, 1990, p. 232)
       It never happens that it [a nonhuman animal] arranges its speech in various ways in order to reply appropriately to everything that may be said in its presence, as even the lowest type of man can do. (Descartes, 1970a, p. 116)
       It is a very remarkable fact that there are none so depraved and stupid, without even excepting idiots, that they cannot arrange different words together, forming of them a statement by which they make known their thoughts; while, on the other hand, there is no other animal, however perfect and fortunately circumstanced it may be, which can do the same. (Descartes, 1967, p. 116)
       Human beings do not live in the object world alone, nor alone in the world of social activity as ordinarily understood, but are very much at the mercy of the particular language which has become the medium of expression for their society. It is quite an illusion to imagine that one adjusts to reality essentially without the use of language and that language is merely an incidental means of solving specific problems of communication or reflection. The fact of the matter is that the "real world" is to a large extent unconsciously built on the language habits of the group.... We see and hear and otherwise experience very largely as we do because the language habits of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation. (Sapir, 1921, p. 75)
       It powerfully conditions all our thinking about social problems and processes.... No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same worlds with different labels attached. (Sapir, 1985, p. 162)
       [A list of language games, not meant to be exhaustive:]
       Giving orders, and obeying them- Describing the appearance of an object, or giving its measurements- Constructing an object from a description (a drawing)Reporting an eventSpeculating about an eventForming and testing a hypothesisPresenting the results of an experiment in tables and diagramsMaking up a story; and reading itPlay actingSinging catchesGuessing riddlesMaking a joke; and telling it
       Solving a problem in practical arithmeticTranslating from one language into another
       LANGUAGE Asking, thanking, cursing, greeting, and praying-. (Wittgenstein, 1953, Pt. I, No. 23, pp. 11 e-12 e)
       We dissect nature along lines laid down by our native languages.... The world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... No individual is free to describe nature with absolute impartiality but is constrained to certain modes of interpretation even while he thinks himself most free. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 153, 213-214)
       We dissect nature along the lines laid down by our native languages.
       The categories and types that we isolate from the world of phenomena we do not find there because they stare every observer in the face; on the contrary, the world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... We are thus introduced to a new principle of relativity, which holds that all observers are not led by the same physical evidence to the same picture of the universe, unless their linguistic backgrounds are similar or can in some way be calibrated. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 213-214)
       9) The Forms of a Person's Thoughts Are Controlled by Unperceived Patterns of His Own Language
       The forms of a person's thoughts are controlled by inexorable laws of pattern of which he is unconscious. These patterns are the unperceived intricate systematizations of his own language-shown readily enough by a candid comparison and contrast with other languages, especially those of a different linguistic family. (Whorf, 1956, p. 252)
       It has come to be commonly held that many utterances which look like statements are either not intended at all, or only intended in part, to record or impart straightforward information about the facts.... Many traditional philosophical perplexities have arisen through a mistake-the mistake of taking as straightforward statements of fact utterances which are either (in interesting non-grammatical ways) nonsensical or else intended as something quite different. (Austin, 1962, pp. 2-3)
       In general, one might define a complex of semantic components connected by logical constants as a concept. The dictionary of a language is then a system of concepts in which a phonological form and certain syntactic and morphological characteristics are assigned to each concept. This system of concepts is structured by several types of relations. It is supplemented, furthermore, by redundancy or implicational rules..., representing general properties of the whole system of concepts.... At least a relevant part of these general rules is not bound to particular languages, but represents presumably universal structures of natural languages. They are not learned, but are rather a part of the human ability to acquire an arbitrary natural language. (Bierwisch, 1970, pp. 171-172)
       In studying the evolution of mind, we cannot guess to what extent there are physically possible alternatives to, say, transformational generative grammar, for an organism meeting certain other physical conditions characteristic of humans. Conceivably, there are none-or very few-in which case talk about evolution of the language capacity is beside the point. (Chomsky, 1972, p. 98)
       [It is] truth value rather than syntactic well-formedness that chiefly governs explicit verbal reinforcement by parents-which renders mildly paradoxical the fact that the usual product of such a training schedule is an adult whose speech is highly grammatical but not notably truthful. (R. O. Brown, 1973, p. 330)
       he conceptual base is responsible for formally representing the concepts underlying an utterance.... A given word in a language may or may not have one or more concepts underlying it.... On the sentential level, the utterances of a given language are encoded within a syntactic structure of that language. The basic construction of the sentential level is the sentence.
       The next highest level... is the conceptual level. We call the basic construction of this level the conceptualization. A conceptualization consists of concepts and certain relations among those concepts. We can consider that both levels exist at the same point in time and that for any unit on one level, some corresponding realizate exists on the other level. This realizate may be null or extremely complex.... Conceptualizations may relate to other conceptualizations by nesting or other specified relationships. (Schank, 1973, pp. 191-192)
       The mathematics of multi-dimensional interactive spaces and lattices, the projection of "computer behavior" on to possible models of cerebral functions, the theoretical and mechanical investigation of artificial intelligence, are producing a stream of sophisticated, often suggestive ideas.
       But it is, I believe, fair to say that nothing put forward until now in either theoretic design or mechanical mimicry comes even remotely in reach of the most rudimentary linguistic realities. (Steiner, 1975, p. 284)
       The step from the simple tool to the master tool, a tool to make tools (what we would now call a machine tool), seems to me indeed to parallel the final step to human language, which I call reconstitution. It expresses in a practical and social context the same understanding of hierarchy, and shows the same analysis by function as a basis for synthesis. (Bronowski, 1977, pp. 127-128)
        t is the language donn eґ in which we conduct our lives.... We have no other. And the danger is that formal linguistic models, in their loosely argued analogy with the axiomatic structure of the mathematical sciences, may block perception.... It is quite conceivable that, in language, continuous induction from simple, elemental units to more complex, realistic forms is not justified. The extent and formal "undecidability" of context-and every linguistic particle above the level of the phoneme is context-bound-may make it impossible, except in the most abstract, meta-linguistic sense, to pass from "pro-verbs," "kernals," or "deep deep structures" to actual speech. (Steiner, 1975, pp. 111-113)
       A higher-level formal language is an abstract machine. (Weizenbaum, 1976, p. 113)
       Jakobson sees metaphor and metonymy as the characteristic modes of binarily opposed polarities which between them underpin the two-fold process of selection and combination by which linguistic signs are formed.... Thus messages are constructed, as Saussure said, by a combination of a "horizontal" movement, which combines words together, and a "vertical" movement, which selects the particular words from the available inventory or "inner storehouse" of the language. The combinative (or syntagmatic) process manifests itself in contiguity (one word being placed next to another) and its mode is metonymic. The selective (or associative) process manifests itself in similarity (one word or concept being "like" another) and its mode is metaphoric. The "opposition" of metaphor and metonymy therefore may be said to represent in effect the essence of the total opposition between the synchronic mode of language (its immediate, coexistent, "vertical" relationships) and its diachronic mode (its sequential, successive, lineal progressive relationships). (Hawkes, 1977, pp. 77-78)
       It is striking that the layered structure that man has given to language constantly reappears in his analyses of nature. (Bronowski, 1977, p. 121)
       First, [an ideal intertheoretic reduction] provides us with a set of rules"correspondence rules" or "bridge laws," as the standard vernacular has it-which effect a mapping of the terms of the old theory (T o) onto a subset of the expressions of the new or reducing theory (T n). These rules guide the application of those selected expressions of T n in the following way: we are free to make singular applications of their correspondencerule doppelgangers in T o....
       Second, and equally important, a successful reduction ideally has the outcome that, under the term mapping effected by the correspondence rules, the central principles of T o (those of semantic and systematic importance) are mapped onto general sentences of T n that are theorems of Tn. (P. Churchland, 1979, p. 81)
       If non-linguistic factors must be included in grammar: beliefs, attitudes, etc. [this would] amount to a rejection of the initial idealization of language as an object of study. A priori such a move cannot be ruled out, but it must be empirically motivated. If it proves to be correct, I would conclude that language is a chaos that is not worth studying.... Note that the question is not whether beliefs or attitudes, and so on, play a role in linguistic behavior and linguistic judgments... [but rather] whether distinct cognitive structures can be identified, which interact in the real use of language and linguistic judgments, the grammatical system being one of these. (Chomsky, 1979, pp. 140, 152-153)
        23) Language Is Inevitably Influenced by Specific Contexts of Human Interaction
       Language cannot be studied in isolation from the investigation of "rationality." It cannot afford to neglect our everyday assumptions concerning the total behavior of a reasonable person.... An integrational linguistics must recognize that human beings inhabit a communicational space which is not neatly compartmentalized into language and nonlanguage.... It renounces in advance the possibility of setting up systems of forms and meanings which will "account for" a central core of linguistic behavior irrespective of the situation and communicational purposes involved. (Harris, 1981, p. 165)
       By innate [linguistic knowledge], Chomsky simply means "genetically programmed." He does not literally think that children are born with language in their heads ready to be spoken. He merely claims that a "blueprint is there, which is brought into use when the child reaches a certain point in her general development. With the help of this blueprint, she analyzes the language she hears around her more readily than she would if she were totally unprepared for the strange gabbling sounds which emerge from human mouths. (Aitchison, 1987, p. 31)
       Looking at ourselves from the computer viewpoint, we cannot avoid seeing that natural language is our most important "programming language." This means that a vast portion of our knowledge and activity is, for us, best communicated and understood in our natural language.... One could say that natural language was our first great original artifact and, since, as we increasingly realize, languages are machines, so natural language, with our brains to run it, was our primal invention of the universal computer. One could say this except for the sneaking suspicion that language isn't something we invented but something we became, not something we constructed but something in which we created, and recreated, ourselves. (Leiber, 1991, p. 8)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Language

  • 99 ile

    "1. with, together with: Azize, Ali´yle gitti. Azize went with Ali. 2. and: Erol´la Mertol altıda geldiler. Erol and Mertol came at six. Bu olay İngiltere ile Fransa arasındaki ilişkileri etkilemez. This incident won´t affect relations between England and France. Ev ile sokak arasında bahçe var. There´s a garden between the house and the street. 3. with, by means of; by: Arabayla gidemedik. We couldn´t go by car. Onu kaşığınla ye! Eat that with your spoon! Hepsini on bin liraya aldım. I bought the lot for ten thousand liras. Çok çalışmakla bunu bitirebilirsiniz. You can finish this if you work hard. 4. as a result of, owing to, by, because of: Necibe´nin seyahatten vazgeçmesiyle her şey altüst oldu. Everything´s been upset by Necibe´s deciding not to go on the trip. Dikkatsizlikle tekneyi karaya oturttu. He ran the boat aground through carelessness. 5. used with an infinitive to specify the nature of an activity: Sevinç yaz tatilini okumakla geçirdi. Sevinç spent her summer vacation reading. Bir deneme yazmakla meşgul. He´s busy writing an essay. Bunu yapmakla büyük bir hata işlemişim. It seems that by doing this I´ve made a big mistake. 6. with, showing: Dikkatle dinlemedi. He didn´t listen attentively. Odadan hiddetle çıktı. He went out of the room in a fury. 7. with, having the possession of: Bengi, Almanya´ya amcasının rızasıyla gitti. Bengi went to Germany with her uncle´s consent. 8. by (with units of measure): Onları kiloyla sattık. We sold them by the kilo. 9. upon, on, when; at the moment of; at the time of: Sabahla dünya bambaşka göründü. When morning came the world looked completely different. Ayten´in evden ayrılmasıyla çocuklar çıldırdı. On Ayten´s leaving the house the children went wild. 10. (in certain set expressions) I hope you.../Have a...!/May you...: Selametle gidin. Have a safe trip! Bunu afiyetle ye. I hope you enjoy eating this. Devletle! Good luck! - beraber/birlikte 1. together with, along with, including, inclusive of: Haşim öbür çocuklarla birlikte okula gitti. Haşim went to school along with the other children. Termosifonun fiyatı KDV´yle birlikte bir milyon liraydı. The price of the water heater, VAT included, was one million liras. 2. when, at the same time that: Kışın gelmesiyle beraber odun pahalılaştı. When winter arrived wood became more expensive. 3. although: Sadece on iki yaşında olmakla beraber motorlar hakkında epey bilgisi var. Although he´s only twelve, he knows a fair bit about motors. Hakan itiraz etmekle beraber Mümtaz işin tümünü tek başına yaptı. Although Hakan objected, Mümtaz did all the work by himself. 4. as well as, apart from, besides: İyi bir şair olmakla birlikte çok yetenekli bir öğretmen. Apart from being a good poet he is also a very capable teacher."

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