eho

ĕhŏ, interj.; in the comic poets, used in asking, commanding, or scolding, ha? ho! holla! soho!

In vehement questions, Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 69; 5, 2, 22; id. Bacch. 4, 7, 5:

eho tu,

id. Merc. 1, 2, 77; Ter. And. 5, 4, 5; id. Eun. 4, 4, 24; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 35.—

In impetuous commands, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 157; id. Men. 2, 3, 78; id. Ps. 1, 3, 114; Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 13:

eho puer,

id. Hec. 4, 4, 97.—

In angry remonstrance or invective, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 40; id. Mil. 3, 2, 12; id. Pers. 3, 3, 2; Ter. And. 4, 2, 27; id. Phorm. 4, 4, 3.—

With affixed dum, Ter. And. 1, 2, 13; 3, 5, 10; 2, 1, 24; id. Eun. 2, 3, 69.

* * *

autem, conj. [v. aut init. ], on the other hand, but, yet, however, nevertheless; sometimes an emphasized and (it is never found at the beginning of a clause, but after one or more words; v. fin.; like at, it joins to a preceding thought a new one, either entirely antithetical or simply different; it differs from the restricting sed in like manner with at; v. at init., and cf.: [Popilius imperator tenebat provinciam;

in cujus exercitu Catonis filius tiro militabat. Cum autem Popilio videretur unam dimittere legionem, Catonis quoque filium... dimisit. Sed cum amore pugnandi in exercitu permansisset, Cato ad Popilium scripsit, etc.],

Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 B. and K. (most freq. in philos. lang.; rare in the histt., being used by Caes. only 59 times, by Sall. 23, and by Tac. 31; and very rare in the poets).

In joining an entirely antithetical thought, on the contrary, but = at quidem, at vero, se sê, esp. freq. with the pronouns ego, tu, ille, qui, etc.:

Ait se obligāsse crus fractum Aesculapio, Apollini autem bracchium,

Plaut. Men. 5, 3, 9:

Nam injusta ab justis impetrari non decet, Justa autem ab injustis petere insipientiast,

id. Am. prol. 35:

ego hic cesso, quia ipse nihil scribo: lego autem libentissime,

Cic. Fam. 16, 22; id. de Or. 1, 25, 115; Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 43: i sane cum illo, Phrygia;

tu autem, Eleusium, Huc intro abi ad nos,

id. Aul. 2, 5, 7; id. Capt. 2, 3, 4; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 58; id. Mil. 4, 4, 13; id. Ep. 5, 2, 7; Cic. Ac. 2, 19, 61:

mihi ad enarrandum hoc argumentumst comitas, Si ad auscultandum vostra erit benignitas. Qui autem auscultare nolit, exsurgat foras,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 3; so id. Ep. 2, 2, 95; id. Capt. 3, 4, 24:

Quid tu aïs, Gnatho? Numquid habes quod contemnas? Quid tu autem, Thraso?

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 22: e principio oriuntur omnia;

ipsum autem nullā ex re aliā nasci potest,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 23, 54.—

In joining a thought that is simply different.

In gen., on the other hand, but, moreover.

Absol., as the Gr. se:

Vehit hic clitellas, vehit hic autem alter senex,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 91:

cum Speusippum, sororis filium, Plato philosophiae quasi heredem reliquisset, duo autem praestantissimos studio atque doctrinā, Xenocratem Chalcedonium et Aristotelem Stagiritem, etc.,

Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 17; id. Off. 1, 5, 16:

Alexandrum consultum, cui relinqueret regnum, voluisse optimum deligi, judicatum autem ab ipso optimum Perdiccam, cui anulum tradidisset,

Curt. 10, 6, 16:

Atque haec in moribus. De benevolentiā autem, quam etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 15, 46 sq.; 1, 23, 81: Sed poëtae quid quemque deceat ex personā judicabunt;

nobis autem personam imposuit natura etc.,

id. ib. 1, 28, 97; 1, 28, 98; 1, 43, 152: Quod semper movetur aeternum est;

quod autem motum adfert alicui etc.,

id. Tusc. 1, 23, 53; 1, 28, 68 sq.; 1, 30, 74; 1, 36, 87.—So sometimes when one conditional sentence is opposed to another, si—sin autem, in Gr. ei men— ei se:

Nam si supremus ille dies non exstinctionem, sed commutationem adfert loci, quid optabilius? Sin autem etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 117; 1, 49, 118 al.—In adducing an example of a rule:

Et Demosthenes autem ad Aeschinem orationem in prooemio convertit, et M. Tullius etc.,

Quint. 4, 1, 66 Spald.;

also in passing from a particular to a general thought: Et sane plus habemus quam capimus. Insatiabilis autem avaritia est etc.,

Curt. 8, 8, 12.—

Preceded by quidem, as in Gr. men—se (perh. most freq. in Cicero's philosophical works, under the influence of Greek style): Et haec quidem hoc modo;

nihil autem melius extremo,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99:

Sed nunc quidem valetudini tribuamus aliquid, cras autem etc.,

id. ib. 1, 49, 119; id. Off. 1, 7, 24; and thus in Tac. several times, but only in Ann. and Or.: bene intellegit ceteros quidem iis niti... Marcellum autem et Crispum attulisse etc., Or. 8; 18 bis; 25; A. 3, 53; 3, 73;

4, 28.—So often in transitions from one subject to another: Ac de inferendā quidem injuriā satis dictum est. Praetermittendae autem defensionis etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 8, 27 sq.; 1, 13, 41; 1, 45, 160.—So very often in Vulg. in direct reproduction of men—se: Ego quidem baptizo vos in aquā in paenitentiam; qui autem post me etc., Matt. 3, 11; 9, 37; 13, 23; 13, 32; 17, 11 sq.; 23, 28; 25, 33; 26, 24. —

Esp.

In any kind of transition:

M. Antonius in eo libro, quem unum reliquit, disertos ait se vidisse multos, eloquentem omnino neminem. Vir autem acerrimo ingenio (sic enim fuit) multa etc.,

Cic. Or. 5, 18:

hic (pater) prout ipse amabat litteras, omnibus doctrinis, quibus puerilis aetas impertiri debet, filium erudivit: erat autem in puero summa suavitas oris,

Nep. Att. 1, 2;

also in questions: Quid autem magno opere Oppianicum metuebat, etc.,

Cic. Clu. 60, 167. Freq. several times repeated:

Expetuntur autem divitiae cum ad usus vitae necessarios, tum ad perfruendas voluptates: in quibus autem major est animus, in iis pecuniae cupiditas spectat ad opes, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 8, 24 and 25; cf. Wopkens, Lectt. Tull. pp. 53 and 122: Orbis situm dicere adgredior... Dicam autem alias plura et exactius, Mel. prooem. 2.—

In repeating a word from a previous clause, in continuing a train of thought:

admoneri me satis est: admonebit autem nemo alius nisi rei publicae tempus,

Cic. Pis. 38, 94: disces quam diu voles;

tam diu autem velle debebis, quoad etc.,

id. Off. 1, 1, 2:

nunc quod agitur, agamus: agitur autem, liberine vivamus an mortem obeamus,

id. Phil. 11, 10, 24. —So esp. in impassioned discourse, Plant. Mil. 3, 1, 84:

humanum amare est, humanum autem ignoscere est,

id. Merc. 2, 2, 48; id. Ps. 4, 8, 1:

quot potiones mulsi! quot autem prandia!

id. Stich. 1, 3, 68; id. Ep. 5, 2, 6:

quā pulchritudine urbem, quibus autem opibus praeditam, servitute oppressam tenuit civitatem,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 57.—

Like sed, vero, igitur, etc., in resuming a train of thought interrupted by a parenthesis:

Omnino illud honestum, quod ex animo excelso magnificoque quaerimus, animi efficitur non corporis viribus: exercendum tamen corpus et ita adficiendum est, ut oboedire consilio rationique possit in exsequendis negotiis et in labore tolerando: honestum autem id, quod exquirimus, totum est positum in animi curā, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 23, 79; 1, 43, 153.—

In introducing a parenthetical clause itself: quae autem nos ut recta aut recte facta dicamus, si placet (illi autem appellant katorthômata) omnes numeros virtutis continent, Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 24:

quod vitium effugere qui volet (omnes autem velle debent) adhibebit etc.,

id. Off. 1, 6, 18; 1, 33, 120; id. Tusc. 1, 33, 80; 1, 36, 88:

In primis foedera ac leges (erant autem eae duodecim tabuiae et quaedam regiae leges) conquiri etc.,

Liv. 6, 1, 10; Curt. 4, 6, 2:

ex hoc Quodcumque est (minus est autem quam rhetoris aera) Discipuli custos praemordet,

Juv. 7, 217.—

In enumerations, for the purpose of adding an important circumstance:

magnus dicendi labor, magna res, magna dignitas, summa autem gratia,

but, and indeed, Cic. Mur. 13, 29:

animis omnes tenduntur insidiae... vel ab eā, quae penitus in omni sensu implicata insidet, imitatrix boni, voluptas, malorum autem mater omnium,

yea, the parent of all evil, id. Leg. 1, 17, 47; id. N. D. 2, 22, 58:

docet ratio mathematicorum, luna quantum absit a proxumā Mercurii stellā, multo autem longius a Veneris,

id. Div. 2, 43, 91.—

In the syllogism, to introduce the minor proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor; cf. atque, IV. 9., and atqui, II. D.), now, but; but now:

Aut hoc, aut illud: hoc autem non, igitur illud. Itemque: aut hoc, aut illud: non autem hoc: illud igitur,

Cic. Top. 14, 56:

Si lucet, lucet: lucet autem, lucet igitur,

id. Ac. 2, 30, 96:

Si dicis te mentiri verumque dicis, mentiris: dicis autem te mentiri verumque dicis: mentiris igitur,

id. ib.; id. Top. 2, 9; id. Tusc. 5, 16, 47.—

Like the Gr. se or sê in adding an emphatic question (freq. in the comic poets), but, indeed.

In gen.:

Quem te autem deum nominem?

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 126:

Perii: quid hoc autemst mali?

Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 5:

Quī istuc? Quae res te sollicitat autem?

id. Heaut. 2, 3, 10:

Quae autem divina? Vigere, sapere, invenire, meminisse,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65: Quo modo autem moveri animus ad appetendum potest, si id, quod videtur, non percipitur? pôs sê, id. Ac. 2, 8, 25:

Quo modo autem tibi placebit JOVEM LAPIDEM jurare, cum scias etc.,

id. Fam. 7, 12, 2:

Veni ad Caesarem: quis est autem Caesar?

Flor. 3, 10, 11.—So in exclamations:

Quantā delectatione autem adficerer, cum etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 98.—

In questions implying rebuke, reproach: Ba. Metuo credere. Ps. Credere autem? eho, etc., Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 70: Th. Ego non tangam meam? Ch. Tuam autem, furcifer? yours do you say? yours indeed! Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 28.—

In a question where a correction is made: Num quis testis Postumum appellavit? testis autem? ( witness did I say?) num accusator? Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 10:

Alio me vocat numerosa gloria tua: alio autem? quasi vero etc.,

Plin. Pan. 28:

Quid tandem isti mali in tam tenerā insulā non fecissent? non fecissent autem? imo quid ante adventum meum non fecerunt?

Cic. Att. 6, 2; 5, 13; 7, 1: Adimas etiam Hispanias? Et si inde cessero, in Africam transcendes. Transcendes autem dico? Liv. 21, 44, 7 Weissenb.—

And in questions sed autem are sometimes both used, especially by the comic poets, but indeed, but now, like the Gr. alla—se Alla pou se boulei kathezomenoi anagnômen; Plat. Phaedr. 228 E.):

Sed autem quid si hanc hinc apstulerit quispiam Sacram urnam Veneris?

Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 15;

and separated: Sed quid haec hic autem tam diu ante aedīs stetit?

id. Truc. 2, 3, 14:

Attat Phaedriae Pater venit. Sed quid pertimui autem, belua?

Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 11: Sed quid ego haec autem nequiquam ingrata revolvo? * Verg. A. 2, 101.—Once ast autem: ast autem tenui [p. 212] quae candent lumine Phatnae, Cic. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 1170 P. (IV. 2, p. 555 Orell.).—

With interjections:

Heia autem inimicos!

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 20:

Ecce autem litigium,

but lo! id. Men. 5, 2, 34; so id. Curc. 1, 2, 41; id. Most. 2, 1, 35; id. Mil. 2, 2, 48; id. Most. 3, 1, 131; 3, 1, 146:

Ecce autem alterum,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 6 Ruhnk.:

Ecce autem subitum divortium,

Cic. Clu. 5, 14; so id. Verr. 2, 5, 34; id. Leg. 1, 2, 5; id. Rep. 1, 35, 55; id. Or. 9, 30:

Ecce autem aliud minus dubium,

Liv. 7, 35, 10:

Eccere autem capite nutat,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 52; so id. Pers. 2, 4, 29:

eccui autem non proditur [revertenti]?

Cic. Mur. 33, 68.

placed after the first word of a clause; but if several words, a subst. and prep., the verb esse with the predicate, a word with a negative, etc., together form one idea, then autem stands after the second or third word. But the poets, especially the comic poets, allow themselves greater liberty, and sometimes place this particle, without any necessity in the nature of the clause, in the third, fourth, or fifth place; but autem is never found in good writers at the beginning of a clause or sentence; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 39. See more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 558-588.

circum-dūco, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. ( imper. circumduce, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 83; id. Most. 3, 2, 159; id. Mil. 2, 2, 66), to lead or draw around (class.; esp. freq. in milit. lang.; in Cic. perh. only once).

Prop.:

circumduce exercitum,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 66; cf. Liv. 1, 27, 8; 8, 13, 8:

miles aliquo circumducitur,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 21:

quattuor cohortibus longiore itinere circumductis,

Caes. B. G. 3, 26:

alas ad latus Samnitium,

Liv. 10, 29, 9:

agmen per invia circa, etc.,

id. 21, 36, 4:

pars devio saltu circumducta,

id. 41, 19, 8; cf. id. 36, 24, 8:

captos Vitellii exploratores circumductos, ut robora exercitus noscerent, remittendo,

Tac. H. 3, 54:

aliquem per totam civitatem,

Petr. 141.— Also like the simple verb absol.:

praeter castra hostium circumducit,

marches around, avoids, Liv. 34, 14, 1:

aliquem vicatim,

Suet. Calig. 35:

per coetus epulantium,

id. ib. 32:

quosdam per organa hydraulica,

id. Ner. 41. —With two accs.:

eho istum, puer, circumduce hasce aedis et conclavia,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 159:

quos Pompeius... omnia sua praesidia circumduxit atque ostentavit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 61 Kraner ad loc.; cf. Verg. A. 6, 517 sq.—

And in tmesis: circum in quaestus ducere Asinum,

Phaedr. 4, 1, 4.—

Of things: Casilinum coloniam deduxisti, ut vexillum tolleres, ut aratrum circumduceres (as usu. in founding a new city; v. aratrum), * Cic. Phil. 2, 40, 102; cf.:

oppida, quae prius erant circumducta aratro,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 143 Müll.: bracchium (v. bracchium), Auct. B. Hisp. 6; Suet. Claud. 20:

flumen Dubis, ut circino circumductum, paene totum oppidum cingit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 38:

utro modo vero id circumductum est (of a round hole),

Cels. 8, 3, 16:

litteras subicere et circumducere,

i. e. when a line is filled, to place the remaining letters of a word below the line, and draw circular marks around them, to indicate that they belong above, Suet. Aug. 87 fin.; cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 3, 204 and 226:

umbra hominis lineis circumducta,

i.e. represented by outlines, sketched, Plin. 35, 3, 5, § 15.—

Trop.

In conversat. language, aliquem aliqua re or absol., to deceive, cheat, impose upon (syn.:

circumvenio, decipio, fraudo, fallo): aliquem argento,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 39; 1, 5, 16:

quadrigentis Philippis filius me et Chrusalus circumduxerunt,

id. Bacch. 5, 2, 64; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 77:

quā me potes, circumduce, aufer,

id. As. 1, 1, 84; id. Poen. 5, 5, 8; 5, 2, 16; id. Ps. 1, 5, 115; Dig. 42, 33, 1 al.—

Of discourse, to use circumlocution, to prolong:

cum sensus unus longiore ambitu circumducitur,

Quint. 9, 4, 124; cf. id. 10, 2, 17.—

In prosody, to speak drawlingly, to drawl out; only in Quint. 11, 3, 172; 12, 10, 33; 1, 5, 23 Spald. and Zumpt.—

In jurid. Lat., to draw lines around a law, i. e. to cancel, annul, abrogate (cf. cancello, II., and circumscribo, II. D.), Dig. 5, 1, 73; 40, 12, 27; 49, 1, 22.

ĕnim, conj. [comp. of ĕ for pronom. stem i, and nam], a demonstrative corroborative particle. (Its position is regularly after the first word, or the first two or more closely connected words in the sentence;

only in the comic writers sometimes at the beginning. Put after est in the fourth place: in eo est enim illud,

Cic. Off. 1, 20, 67:

ab omnibus est enim, etc.,

id. Deiot. 13, 37;

al., see below. Put after quoque: id quoque enim traditur,

Liv. 2, 18; 3, 50; 23, 12; 27, 22; 30, 1; 33, 30; 36, 27; but not in Cicero, v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 33, 108, p. 325.—Sometimes it divides an apparent compound:

quotus enim quisque,

Tac. Or. 26 fin.)

To corroborate a preceding assertion, like equidem, certe, vero; hence freq. connected with these particles, esp. with vero (v. under B.), truly, certainly, to be sure, indeed, in fact: Ch. Te uxor aiebat tua Me vocare. St. Ego enim vocari jussi, certainly, I did order you to be called, Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 2:

ornanda est enim dignitas domo,

Cic. Off. 1, 39, 139:

in his est enim aliqua obscuritas,

in fact, indeed, id. Tusc. 1, 32, 78:

ille (Dumnorix) enim revocatus resistere ac se manu defendere coepit,

in fact, indeed, Caes. B. G. 5, 7, 8:

tum M. Metilius, id enim ferendum esse negat,

it was really not to be endured, Liv. 22, 25:

enim istaec captio est,

this is clearly a trick, Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 36:

enim me nominat,

positively he mentions my name, id. Trin. 5, 2, 10:

enim non ibis nunc vicissim, nisi scio,

you shall positively not go, id. Pers. 2, 2, 54; id. Capt. 3, 4, 60; cf. id. Most. 5, 2, 12: Th. Quid tute tecum? Tr. Nihil enim, nothing truly, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 24; so,

nihil enim,

Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 22; id. Hec. 5, 4, 10; cf.:

enim nihil,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 51: Pa. Quid metuis? Se. Enim ne nosmet perdiderimus uspiam, id. Mil. 2, 5, 19:

tua pol refert enim,

id. Stich. 4, 2, 36:

certe enim hic nescio quis loquitur,

id. Am. 1, 1, 175:

certe enim,

id. ib. 2, 2, 26; id. As. 3, 3, 24; Ter. And. 3, 2, 23.—So too in ironical or indignant discourse:

tu enim repertu's Philocratem qui superes veriverbio!

you indeed! Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 36:

ex his duo sibi putant concedi: neque enim quisquam repugnat,

Cic. Ac. 2, 13, 41 Goer.; cf. id. Mil. 3, 8; id. Deiot. 12, 33 sq.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 13; id. Phil. 7, 8; Liv. 7, 32; 34, 7; Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 44 al.:

non assequimur. Isti enim videlicet Attici nostri quod volunt, assequuntur,

Cic. Brut. 84, 288;

so (with videlicet),

id. Font. 9, 19; id. Cat. 2, 6, 12: Ca. Faxo haut tantillum dederis verborum mihi. Me. Nempe enim tu, credo, me imprudentem obrepseris, yes, indeed, I believe you are trying to take me in, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 23.—

Strengthened by vero, and combined with it into one word, ĕnimvēro (unlike enim, usually beginning the sentence), yes indeed, yes truly, of a truth, to be sure, certainly, indeed:

enimvero Chremes nimis graviter cruciat adulescentulum,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 1:

enimvero, inquit Crassus, mirari satis non queo, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 1, 36; Liv. 5, 25; 1, 51 fin.:

postridie mane ab eo postulo, ut, etc.: ille enimvero negat,

and of a truth, he denies it, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66; so,

ille enimvero,

id. ib. 2, 5, 39; Liv. 3, 35 fin.:

hic enimvero,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 60:

enimvero iste,

id. ib. 2, 3, 25.—In corroborating replies (cf. certe, I. A. 2.): Me. Ain vero? So. Aio enimvero, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 188; cf. id. Pers. 2, 2, 2: Sy. Eho, quaeso, an tu is es? Ch. Is enim vero sum, id. Trin. 4, 2, 145: Al. Tun' te abisse hodie hinc negas? Am. Nego enimvero, id. Am. 2, 2, 127; id. As. 3, 3, 98; id. Am. 1, 1, 254: Pa. Incommode hercle. Ch. Immo enimvero infeliciter, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 37.—And in ironical or indignant discourse: Da. Ubi voles, arcesse. Si. Bene sane:

id enimvero hic nunc abest,

that, to be sure, is wanting here as yet, Ter. And. 5, 2, 7; id. Phorm. 3, 1, 1:

enimvero ferendum hoc quidem non est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26; Liv. 43, 1; cf. id. 6, 14; 25, 41; 27, 30; 33, 46; 34, 58.

Transf.

To prove or show the grounds of a preceding assertion, for: haec sunt non nugae;

non enim mortualia,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 63:

mihi vero omne tempus est ad meos libros vacuum: numquam enim sunt illi occupati,

Cic. Rep. 1, 9:

quas (geometricas formas) ut vidisset, exclamavisse, ut bono essent animo, videre enim se hominum vestigia,

id. ib. 1, 17 et saep. —In parenthetical sentences:

quocirca (dicendum est enim saepius), cum judicaveris, diligere oportet,

Cic. Lael. 22, 85; cf. id. Tusc. 2, 24, 58; id. Ac. 2, 7, 22:

rumpor et invideo (quid enim non omnia narrem?), etc.,

Ov. H. 16, 221:

di maris et caeli (quid enim nisi vota supersunt?), etc.,

id. Tr. 1, 2, 1 et saep.—

Sometimes the assertion, the reason for which is given, is to be mentally supplied, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; cf. id. de Or. 2, 6, 24; id. Leg. 2, 7, 17: Am. Qui istuc potis est fieri, quaeso, ut dicis, jam dudum, modo? Al. Quid enim censes? te ut deludam contra? etc., what then do you think? Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 62; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 10; Hor. S. 2, 3, 124; Curt. 5, 8; 10, 2 al.—So the expression: quid enim dicam? commonly ellipt.: quid enim? qs. for what can be objected to the assertion just made? quid enim de T. Tatio Sabino dicam, Liv. 4, 3, 12:

quid enim? fortemne possumus dicere eundem illum Torquatum?

Cic. Fin. 2, 22, 72; 2, 28, 93; id. Fam. 5, 15, 2; Lucc. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 2; Hor. S. 1, 1, 7; 2, 3, 132 et saep.—

To explain a preceding assertion, for instance, namely: Sy. Si futurum est, do tibi operam hanc. Mi. Quomodo? Ut enim, ubi mihi vapulandumst, tu corium sufferas, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 33; Sc Metuo maxime. Pa. Quid metuis? Sc. Enim ne nos nosmet perdiderimus, id. Mil. 2, 5, 19: Lu. Di me perdant, si bibi, Si bibere potui. Pa. Qui jam? Lu. Quia enim obsorbui, why because, id. ib. 3, 2, 21; id. Am. 2, 2, 34; id. Capt. 4, 2, 104; id. Cas. 2, 6, 33; Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 14:

quod enim,

App. M. 9, p. 228, 16: non igitur videtur nec frumentarius ille Rhodios nec hic aedium venditor celare emptores debuisse. Neque enim id est celare, quicquid reticeas;

sed cum, etc.,

Cic. Off. 3, 13 fin.:

antiquissimam sententiam, tum omnium populorum et gentium consensu comprobatam sequor. Duo sunt enim divinandi genera, etc.,

id. Div. 1, 6, 11; cf. id. de Imp. Pomp. 2, 6. See Hand, Turs. II. p. 374-409.

fallo, fĕfelli, falsum, 3 (archaic inf. praes. pass. fallier, Pers. 3, 50; perf. pass. fefellitus sum, Petr. Fragm. 61, MSS.), v. a. [Sanscr. sphal, sphul, to waver; Gr. sphallô, a-sphalês], to deceive, trick, dupe, cheat, disappoint (freq. and class.; syn.: decipio, impono, frustror, circumvenio, emungo, fraudo).

In gen.

Of living objects:

T. Roscius non unum rei pecuniariae socium fefellit, verum novem homines honestissimos ejusdem muneris, etc.... induxit, decepit, destituit, omni fraude et perfidia fefellit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 116 sq.; so,

aliquem dolis,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 13; cf. id. Heaut. 3, 1, 61:

senem,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 43:

referam gratiam, atque eas itidem fallam, ut ab illis fallimur,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 93: tu illum fructu fallas, Poët. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73:

id ipsum sui fallendi causa milites ab hostibus factum existimabant,

Caes. B. G. 7, 50, 2:

tum laqueis captare feras et fallere visco Inventum,

Verg. G. 1, 139; cf. Ov. M. 15, 474:

is enim sum, nisi me forte fallo, qui, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 12, 8, 21:

num me fefellit, Catilina, non modo res tanta, verum dies?

id. Cat. 1, 3, 7:

nisi me fallit animus,

id. Rosc. Am. 17, 48; cf.:

neque eum prima opinio fefellit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 67, 3:

ne spes eum fallat,

Cic. Fam. 1, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 10, 4:

si in hominibus eligendis spes amicitiae nos fefellerit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 28:

in quo cum eum opinio fefellisset,

Nep. Ages. 3, 5:

nisi forte me animus fallit,

Sall. C. 20, 17:

nisi memoria me fallit,

fails me, Gell. 20, p. 285 Bip.:

nisi me omnia fallunt,

Cic. Att. 8, 7, 1; cf.:

omnia me fallunt, nisi, etc.,

Sen. Ep. 95 med.:

nisi quid me fallit,

Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 6; cf.:

si quid nunc me fallit in scribendo,

id. ib. 3, 5, 4:

dominum sterilis saepe fefellit ager,

Ov. A. A. 1, 450:

certe hercle hic se ipsus fallit, non ego,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 15:

tam libenter se fallunt, quam si una fata decipiunt,

Sen. Brev. Vit. 11, 1:

cum alios falleret, se ipsum tamen non fefellit,

Lact. 1, 22, 5.— Pass. in mid. force, to deceive one's self, be deceived, to err, be mistaken:

errore quodam fallimur in disputando,

Cic. Rep. 3, 35:

qua (spe) possumus falli: deus falli qui potuit?

id. N. D. 3, 31, 76:

memoriā falli,

Plin. 10, 42, 59, § 118:

jamque dies, nisi fallor, adest,

Verg. A. 5, 49; Cic. Att. 4, 17, 1; 16, 6, 2:

ni fallor,

Ov. F. 4, 623; Lact. 2, 19, 1; cf.:

ordinis haec virtus erit et venus, aut ego fallor,

Hor. A. P. 42.—With object-clause:

dicere non fallar, quo, etc.,

Luc. 7, 288:

quamquam haut falsa sum, nos odiosas haberi,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 4; cf.:

id quam facile sit mihi, haud sum falsus,

id. Men. 5, 2, 3; Ter. And. 4, 1, 23; Sall. J. 85, 20:

neque ea res falsum me habuit,

did not deceive me, id. ib. 10, 1:

ut falsus animi est!

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 43.—

Of inanim. or abstr. objects:

promissum,

not to fulfil, Curt. 7, 10, 9:

fidem hosti datam fallere,

to violate, break, betray, deceive, Cic. Off. 1, 13, 39:

quodsi meam spem vis improborum fefellerit atque superaverit,

id. Cat. 4, 11, 23; cf. id. de Or. 1, 1, 2:

non fallam opinionem tuam,

id. Fam. 1, 6 fin.; cf. Caes. B. C. 3, 86 fin.:

imperium,

to fail to execute, Plin. 7, 37, 38, § 125:

cum lubrica saxa vestigium fallerent,

betrayed, Curt. 4, 9.— Poet.:

tu faciem illius Falle dolo,

imitate deceptively, assume, Verg. A. 1, 684:

sua terga nocturno lupo,

i. e. to hide, conceal, Prop. 4, 5, 14:

casses, retia,

to shun, avoid, Ov. H. 20, 45; 190. —

Absol.: neque quo pacto fallam... Scio quicquam, Caecil. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29 fin.:

cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,

Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41:

ea (divinatio) fallit fortasse nonnumquam,

id. Div. 1, 14, 25:

non in sortitione fallere,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 132:

in ea re,

Nep. Them. 7, 2; Cels. 7, 26, 2: ne falleret bis relata eadem res, Liv. 29, 35, 2:

ut, si quid possent, de induciis fallendo impetrarent,

Caes. B. G. 4, 13, 5:

germinat et numquam fallentis termes olivae,

Hor. Epod. 16, 45:

plerumque sufflati atque tumidi (oratores) fallunt pro uberibus,

Gell. 7, 14, 5.—

Impers.: fallit (me) I deceive myself, I mistake, am mistaken:

sed nos, nisi me fallit, jacebimus,

Cic. Att. 14, 12, 2; cf.:

nisi me propter benevolentiam forte fallebat,

id. Cael. 19, 45; id. Sest. 50, 106:

nec eum fefellit,

id. Off. 2, 7, 25:

vide, ne te fallat,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 25. And cf. under II. B. 2.

In partic.

To deceive in swearing, to swear falsely:

is jurare cum coepisset, vox eum defecit in illo loco: SI SCIENS FALLO,

Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 2; cf.:

lapidem silicem tenebant juraturi per Jovem haec verba dicentes: SI SCIENS FALLO, TVM ME DISPITER, etc., Paul. ex Fest. s. v. lapidem, p. 115 Müll.: si sciens fefellisset,

Plin. Pan. 64, 3; cf. Liv. 21, 45, 8; Prop. 4, 7, 53:

expedit matris cineres opertos Fallere,

i. e. to swear falsely by the ashes of your mother, Hor. C. 2, 8, 10.—

With respect to one's knowledge or sight, for the more usual latēre: to lie concealed from, to escape the notice, elude the observation of a person (so in Cic., Sall., and Caes. for the most part only impers., v. 2. infra).

With acc.:

neque enim hoc te, Crasse, fallit, quam multa sint et quam varia genera dicendi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:

tanto silentio in summum evasere, ut non custodes solum fallerent, sed, etc.,

Liv. 5, 47, 3:

nec fefellit veniens ducem,

id. 2, 19, 7; Curt. 7, 6, 4; cf.:

quin et Atridas duce te (Mercurio)... Priamus... Thessalosque ignes et iniqua Trojae Castra fefellit,

Hor. C. 1, 10, 16:

quos fallere et effugere est triumphus,

id. ib. 4, 4, 52:

Spartacum si qua potuit vagantem Fallere testa,

id. ib. 3, 14, 20; Suet. Caes. 43:

nec te Pythagorae fallant arcana,

Hor. Epod. 15, 21; id. Ep. 1, 6, 45:

nec quicquam eos, quae terra marique agerentur, fallebat,

Liv. 41, 2, 1 Drak.:

ut plebem tribunosque falleret judicii rescindendi consilium initum,

id. 4, 11, 4:

tanta celeritate, ut visum fallant,

Plin. 9, 50, 74, § 157:

oculos littera fallit,

cannot be distinctly read, Ov. A. A. 3, 627.— With acc. and inf.:

neutros fefellit hostes appropinquare,

Liv. 31, 33, 8 Weissenb. ad loc.—Mid. with gen.:

nec satis exaudiebam, nec sermonis fallebar tamen,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 55.—

Absol., to escape notice, be unseen, remain undiscovered:

speculator Carthaginiensium, qui per biennium fefellerat, Romae deprehensus,

Liv. 22, 33, 1; 25, 9, 2:

spes fallendi, resistendive, si non falleret,

of remaining unnoticed, id. 21, 57, 5:

non fefellere ad Tifernum hostes instructi,

id. 10, 14, 6.—So with part. perf., Liv. 42, 64, 3; 23, 19, 11.—With part. pres.: ne alio itinere hostis falleret ad urbem incedens, i. e. arrive secretly, lanthanoi prosiôn, Liv. 8, 20, 5; cf. id. 5, 47, 9; Verg. A. 7, 350:

nec vixit male, qui natus moriensque fefellit,

i. e. has remained unnoticed, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 10:

fallere pro aliquo,

to pass for, Gell. 7, 14:

bonus longe fallente sagitta,

Verg. A. 9, 572.—

Impers.: fallit (me), it is concealed from me, unknown to me, I do not know, am ignorant of (for the most part only with negatives or in negative interrogations), constr. with subject-clause:

non me fefellit: sensi,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 64:

num me fefellit, hosce id struere?

Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 3; cf.:

in lege nulla esse ejusmodi capita, te non fallit,

Cic. Att. 3, 23, 4:

nec me animi fallit, etc.,

Lucr. 1, 136; 5, 97:

quem fallit?

who does not know? Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 233:

neque vero Caesarem fefellit, quin, etc.,

Caes. B C. 3, 94, 3.—

To cause any thing (space, time, etc.) not to be observed or felt, to lighten any thing difficult, or to appease, silence any thing disagreeable, to beguile ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

medias fallunt sermonibus horas Sentirique moram prohibent,

Ov. M. 8, 652:

jam somno fallere curam,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 114:

Fallebat curas aegraque corda labor,

Ov. Tr. 3, 2, 16; cf.

dolores,

id. ib. 5, 7, 39:

luctum,

Val. Fl. 3, 319:

molliter austerum studio fallente laborem,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 12; Ov. M. 6, 60; Plin. 27, 7, 28, § 49.—Prov.:

fallere credentem non est operosa puellam Gloria,

Ov. H. 2, 63.—Hence, falsus, a, um, P. a., deceptive, pretended, feigned, deceitful, spurious, false (syn.: adulterinus, subditus, subditicius, spurius).

[p. 722] Adj.:

testes aut casu veri aut malitia falsi fictique esse possunt,

Cic. Div. 2, 11, 27; cf.:

falsum est id totum, neque solum fictum, sed etiam imperite absurdeque fictum,

id. Rep. 2, 15:

ementita et falsa plenaque erroris,

id. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

pro re certa spem falsam domum retulerunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; cf.:

spe falsa atque fallaci,

id. Phil. 12, 2, 7; so,

spes,

id. Sull. 82, 91:

falsa et mendacia visa,

id. Div. 2, 62, 127; cf.:

falsa et inania visa,

id. ib.:

falsum et imitatione simulatum,

id. de Or. 2, 45, 189; cf. id. Phil. 11, 2, 5:

argumentum,

id. Inv. 1, 48, 90:

qui falsas lites falsis testimoniis Petunt,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 13:

reperiuntur falsi falsimoniis,

id. Bacch. 3, 6, 12:

ambitio multos mortales falsos fieri subegit,

Sall. C. 10, 5 Kritz.:

pater (opp. verus),

a supposed father, Ov. M. 9, 24; cf. id. ib. 1, 754:

falsi ac festinantes,

Tac. A. 1, 7: suspectio, Enn. ap. Non. 511, 5:

nuntius,

Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 175:

rumores,

Caes. B. G. 6, 20, 2:

poena falsarum et corruptarum litterarum,

Cic. Fl. 17, 39; cf.:

falsas esse litteras et a scriba vitiatas,

Liv. 40, 55, 1:

falsarum tabularum rei,

Suet. Aug. 19:

fama,

Cic. Lael. 4, 15:

appellatio,

Quint. 7, 3, 5:

sententiae,

id. 8, 5, 7:

crimina,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 14;

terrores,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 212:

opprobria,

i. e. undeserved, id. ib. 1, 16, 38; cf.

honor,

id. ib. 39: falsi Simoëntis ad undam, i. e. fictitious (simulati), Verg. A. 3, 302; cf.:

falsi sequimur vestigia tauri (i. e. Jovis),

Val. Fl. 8, 265:

vultu simulans Haliagmona,

Stat. Th. 7, 739:

ita ceteros terruere, ut adesse omnem exercitum trepidi ac falsi nuntiarent,

Tac. H. 2, 17:

ne illi falsi sunt qui divorsissumas res pariter expectant,

deceived, mistaken, Sall. J. 85, 20; cf.:

falsus utinam vates sim,

Liv. 21, 10, 10; so,

vates,

id. 4, 46, 5.— Comp. (rare):

quanto est abjectior et falsior ista (theologia),

Aug. Civ. D. 7, 5 fin.:

nihil est hominum inepta persuasione falsius,

Petr. 132; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 92, 11 Müll.— Sup.:

id autem falsissimum est,

Col. 1, 6, 17.—

With gen.:

Felix appellatur Arabia, falsi et ingrati cognominis,

Plin. 12, 18, 41, § 82.—

False, counterfeit, spurious, = adulterinus (late Lat.): moneta, Cod. Th. 9, 21, 9.—

As subst.

falsus, i, m., a liar, deceiver:

Spurinnam ut falsum arguens,

a false prophet, Suet. Caes. 81 fin.; id. Tib. 14.—

falsum, i, n., falsehood, fraud:

ex falsis verum effici non potest,

Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf.:

veris falsa remiscet,

Hor. A. P. 151:

vero distinguere falsum,

id. Ep. 1, 10, 29:

falsum scripseram,

Cic. Att. 7, 14, 2; Quint. 7, 2, 53:

ex illa causa falsi,

i. e. of fraud, Dig. 48, 10 (De lege Cornelia de falsis), 1;

v. the whole title: acclinis falsis animus,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 6:

nec obstitit falsis Tiberius,

Tac. A. 2, 82:

simulationum falsa,

id. ib. 6, 46 et saep.—Adverb.:

telisque non in falsum jactis,

i. e. not at random, with effect, Tac. A. 4, 50 fin.:

jurare falsum,

Ov. Am. 3, 3, 11.— Adv., untruly, erroneously, unfaithfully, wrongly, falsely; in two forms, falso and false.

falso:

eho mavis vituperari falso, quam vero extolli?

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 21 sq.; cf. id. Trin. 1, 2, 173;

so opp. vero,

Curt. 5, 2, 2: ei rei dant operam, ut mihi falso maledicatur, Cato ap. Charis. p. 179 P.: falso criminare, Enn. ap. Non. 470, 16:

neque me perpetiar probri Falso insimulatam,

id. Am. 3, 2, 7; 21; cf.:

non possum quemquam insimulare falso,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 107:

falso memoriae proditum,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 14, 41:

cum Tarquinius... vivere falso diceretur,

id. Rep. 2, 21; cf.:

adesse ejus equites falso nuntiabantur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 14, 1:

cum utrumque falso fingerent,

Liv. 42, 2:

falso in me conferri,

Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 2: aliquem falso occidere, i. e. by mistake, Naev. ap. Charis. p. 179 P.; cf.:

ut miseri parentes quos falso lugent, vivere sciant,

Liv. 34, 32, 13; and:

falso lamentari eas Darium vivum,

Curt. 3, 12:

falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum,

Sall. J. 1:

falso plurima volgus amat,

Tib. 3, 3, 20 (so perh. also in Cic. Ac. 2, 46, 141, non assentiar saepe falso, instead of false).—Ellipt.: Da. Si quid narrare occepi, continuo dari tibi verba censes. Si. Falso, Ter. And. 3, 2, 24; cf.:

atqui in talibus rebus aliud utile interdum, aliud honestum videri solet. Falso: nam, etc.,

Cic. Off. 3, 18, 74; so Quint. 2, 17, 12; Nep. Alc. 9:

quia inter inpotentes et validos falso quiescas, = quia falluntur qui putant quiesci posse,

Tac. Germ. 36.—

false (very rare): judicium false factum, Sisenn. ap. Charis. p. 179; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 78 Fleck. (Cic. Ac. 2, 46, 141 dub., B. and K., al. falso).— Sup.:

quae adversus haec falsissime disputantur,

Aug. Conf. 10, 13.

fallo, fĕfelli, falsum, 3 (archaic inf. praes. pass. fallier, Pers. 3, 50; perf. pass. fefellitus sum, Petr. Fragm. 61, MSS.), v. a. [Sanscr. sphal, sphul, to waver; Gr. sphallô, a-sphalês], to deceive, trick, dupe, cheat, disappoint (freq. and class.; syn.: decipio, impono, frustror, circumvenio, emungo, fraudo).

In gen.

Of living objects:

T. Roscius non unum rei pecuniariae socium fefellit, verum novem homines honestissimos ejusdem muneris, etc.... induxit, decepit, destituit, omni fraude et perfidia fefellit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 116 sq.; so,

aliquem dolis,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 13; cf. id. Heaut. 3, 1, 61:

senem,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 43:

referam gratiam, atque eas itidem fallam, ut ab illis fallimur,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 93: tu illum fructu fallas, Poët. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73:

id ipsum sui fallendi causa milites ab hostibus factum existimabant,

Caes. B. G. 7, 50, 2:

tum laqueis captare feras et fallere visco Inventum,

Verg. G. 1, 139; cf. Ov. M. 15, 474:

is enim sum, nisi me forte fallo, qui, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 12, 8, 21:

num me fefellit, Catilina, non modo res tanta, verum dies?

id. Cat. 1, 3, 7:

nisi me fallit animus,

id. Rosc. Am. 17, 48; cf.:

neque eum prima opinio fefellit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 67, 3:

ne spes eum fallat,

Cic. Fam. 1, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 10, 4:

si in hominibus eligendis spes amicitiae nos fefellerit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 28:

in quo cum eum opinio fefellisset,

Nep. Ages. 3, 5:

nisi forte me animus fallit,

Sall. C. 20, 17:

nisi memoria me fallit,

fails me, Gell. 20, p. 285 Bip.:

nisi me omnia fallunt,

Cic. Att. 8, 7, 1; cf.:

omnia me fallunt, nisi, etc.,

Sen. Ep. 95 med.:

nisi quid me fallit,

Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 6; cf.:

si quid nunc me fallit in scribendo,

id. ib. 3, 5, 4:

dominum sterilis saepe fefellit ager,

Ov. A. A. 1, 450:

certe hercle hic se ipsus fallit, non ego,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 15:

tam libenter se fallunt, quam si una fata decipiunt,

Sen. Brev. Vit. 11, 1:

cum alios falleret, se ipsum tamen non fefellit,

Lact. 1, 22, 5.— Pass. in mid. force, to deceive one's self, be deceived, to err, be mistaken:

errore quodam fallimur in disputando,

Cic. Rep. 3, 35:

qua (spe) possumus falli: deus falli qui potuit?

id. N. D. 3, 31, 76:

memoriā falli,

Plin. 10, 42, 59, § 118:

jamque dies, nisi fallor, adest,

Verg. A. 5, 49; Cic. Att. 4, 17, 1; 16, 6, 2:

ni fallor,

Ov. F. 4, 623; Lact. 2, 19, 1; cf.:

ordinis haec virtus erit et venus, aut ego fallor,

Hor. A. P. 42.—With object-clause:

dicere non fallar, quo, etc.,

Luc. 7, 288:

quamquam haut falsa sum, nos odiosas haberi,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 4; cf.:

id quam facile sit mihi, haud sum falsus,

id. Men. 5, 2, 3; Ter. And. 4, 1, 23; Sall. J. 85, 20:

neque ea res falsum me habuit,

did not deceive me, id. ib. 10, 1:

ut falsus animi est!

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 43.—

Of inanim. or abstr. objects:

promissum,

not to fulfil, Curt. 7, 10, 9:

fidem hosti datam fallere,

to violate, break, betray, deceive, Cic. Off. 1, 13, 39:

quodsi meam spem vis improborum fefellerit atque superaverit,

id. Cat. 4, 11, 23; cf. id. de Or. 1, 1, 2:

non fallam opinionem tuam,

id. Fam. 1, 6 fin.; cf. Caes. B. C. 3, 86 fin.:

imperium,

to fail to execute, Plin. 7, 37, 38, § 125:

cum lubrica saxa vestigium fallerent,

betrayed, Curt. 4, 9.— Poet.:

tu faciem illius Falle dolo,

imitate deceptively, assume, Verg. A. 1, 684:

sua terga nocturno lupo,

i. e. to hide, conceal, Prop. 4, 5, 14:

casses, retia,

to shun, avoid, Ov. H. 20, 45; 190. —

Absol.: neque quo pacto fallam... Scio quicquam, Caecil. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29 fin.:

cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,

Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41:

ea (divinatio) fallit fortasse nonnumquam,

id. Div. 1, 14, 25:

non in sortitione fallere,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 132:

in ea re,

Nep. Them. 7, 2; Cels. 7, 26, 2: ne falleret bis relata eadem res, Liv. 29, 35, 2:

ut, si quid possent, de induciis fallendo impetrarent,

Caes. B. G. 4, 13, 5:

germinat et numquam fallentis termes olivae,

Hor. Epod. 16, 45:

plerumque sufflati atque tumidi (oratores) fallunt pro uberibus,

Gell. 7, 14, 5.—

Impers.: fallit (me) I deceive myself, I mistake, am mistaken:

sed nos, nisi me fallit, jacebimus,

Cic. Att. 14, 12, 2; cf.:

nisi me propter benevolentiam forte fallebat,

id. Cael. 19, 45; id. Sest. 50, 106:

nec eum fefellit,

id. Off. 2, 7, 25:

vide, ne te fallat,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 25. And cf. under II. B. 2.

In partic.

To deceive in swearing, to swear falsely:

is jurare cum coepisset, vox eum defecit in illo loco: SI SCIENS FALLO,

Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 2; cf.:

lapidem silicem tenebant juraturi per Jovem haec verba dicentes: SI SCIENS FALLO, TVM ME DISPITER, etc., Paul. ex Fest. s. v. lapidem, p. 115 Müll.: si sciens fefellisset,

Plin. Pan. 64, 3; cf. Liv. 21, 45, 8; Prop. 4, 7, 53:

expedit matris cineres opertos Fallere,

i. e. to swear falsely by the ashes of your mother, Hor. C. 2, 8, 10.—

With respect to one's knowledge or sight, for the more usual latēre: to lie concealed from, to escape the notice, elude the observation of a person (so in Cic., Sall., and Caes. for the most part only impers., v. 2. infra).

With acc.:

neque enim hoc te, Crasse, fallit, quam multa sint et quam varia genera dicendi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:

tanto silentio in summum evasere, ut non custodes solum fallerent, sed, etc.,

Liv. 5, 47, 3:

nec fefellit veniens ducem,

id. 2, 19, 7; Curt. 7, 6, 4; cf.:

quin et Atridas duce te (Mercurio)... Priamus... Thessalosque ignes et iniqua Trojae Castra fefellit,

Hor. C. 1, 10, 16:

quos fallere et effugere est triumphus,

id. ib. 4, 4, 52:

Spartacum si qua potuit vagantem Fallere testa,

id. ib. 3, 14, 20; Suet. Caes. 43:

nec te Pythagorae fallant arcana,

Hor. Epod. 15, 21; id. Ep. 1, 6, 45:

nec quicquam eos, quae terra marique agerentur, fallebat,

Liv. 41, 2, 1 Drak.:

ut plebem tribunosque falleret judicii rescindendi consilium initum,

id. 4, 11, 4:

tanta celeritate, ut visum fallant,

Plin. 9, 50, 74, § 157:

oculos littera fallit,

cannot be distinctly read, Ov. A. A. 3, 627.— With acc. and inf.:

neutros fefellit hostes appropinquare,

Liv. 31, 33, 8 Weissenb. ad loc.—Mid. with gen.:

nec satis exaudiebam, nec sermonis fallebar tamen,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 55.—

Absol., to escape notice, be unseen, remain undiscovered:

speculator Carthaginiensium, qui per biennium fefellerat, Romae deprehensus,

Liv. 22, 33, 1; 25, 9, 2:

spes fallendi, resistendive, si non falleret,

of remaining unnoticed, id. 21, 57, 5:

non fefellere ad Tifernum hostes instructi,

id. 10, 14, 6.—So with part. perf., Liv. 42, 64, 3; 23, 19, 11.—With part. pres.: ne alio itinere hostis falleret ad urbem incedens, i. e. arrive secretly, lanthanoi prosiôn, Liv. 8, 20, 5; cf. id. 5, 47, 9; Verg. A. 7, 350:

nec vixit male, qui natus moriensque fefellit,

i. e. has remained unnoticed, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 10:

fallere pro aliquo,

to pass for, Gell. 7, 14:

bonus longe fallente sagitta,

Verg. A. 9, 572.—

Impers.: fallit (me), it is concealed from me, unknown to me, I do not know, am ignorant of (for the most part only with negatives or in negative interrogations), constr. with subject-clause:

non me fefellit: sensi,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 64:

num me fefellit, hosce id struere?

Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 3; cf.:

in lege nulla esse ejusmodi capita, te non fallit,

Cic. Att. 3, 23, 4:

nec me animi fallit, etc.,

Lucr. 1, 136; 5, 97:

quem fallit?

who does not know? Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 233:

neque vero Caesarem fefellit, quin, etc.,

Caes. B C. 3, 94, 3.—

To cause any thing (space, time, etc.) not to be observed or felt, to lighten any thing difficult, or to appease, silence any thing disagreeable, to beguile ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

medias fallunt sermonibus horas Sentirique moram prohibent,

Ov. M. 8, 652:

jam somno fallere curam,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 114:

Fallebat curas aegraque corda labor,

Ov. Tr. 3, 2, 16; cf.

dolores,

id. ib. 5, 7, 39:

luctum,

Val. Fl. 3, 319:

molliter austerum studio fallente laborem,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 12; Ov. M. 6, 60; Plin. 27, 7, 28, § 49.—Prov.:

fallere credentem non est operosa puellam Gloria,

Ov. H. 2, 63.—Hence, falsus, a, um, P. a., deceptive, pretended, feigned, deceitful, spurious, false (syn.: adulterinus, subditus, subditicius, spurius).

[p. 722] Adj.:

testes aut casu veri aut malitia falsi fictique esse possunt,

Cic. Div. 2, 11, 27; cf.:

falsum est id totum, neque solum fictum, sed etiam imperite absurdeque fictum,

id. Rep. 2, 15:

ementita et falsa plenaque erroris,

id. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

pro re certa spem falsam domum retulerunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; cf.:

spe falsa atque fallaci,

id. Phil. 12, 2, 7; so,

spes,

id. Sull. 82, 91:

falsa et mendacia visa,

id. Div. 2, 62, 127; cf.:

falsa et inania visa,

id. ib.:

falsum et imitatione simulatum,

id. de Or. 2, 45, 189; cf. id. Phil. 11, 2, 5:

argumentum,

id. Inv. 1, 48, 90:

qui falsas lites falsis testimoniis Petunt,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 13:

reperiuntur falsi falsimoniis,

id. Bacch. 3, 6, 12:

ambitio multos mortales falsos fieri subegit,

Sall. C. 10, 5 Kritz.:

pater (opp. verus),

a supposed father, Ov. M. 9, 24; cf. id. ib. 1, 754:

falsi ac festinantes,

Tac. A. 1, 7: suspectio, Enn. ap. Non. 511, 5:

nuntius,

Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 175:

rumores,

Caes. B. G. 6, 20, 2:

poena falsarum et corruptarum litterarum,

Cic. Fl. 17, 39; cf.:

falsas esse litteras et a scriba vitiatas,

Liv. 40, 55, 1:

falsarum tabularum rei,

Suet. Aug. 19:

fama,

Cic. Lael. 4, 15:

appellatio,

Quint. 7, 3, 5:

sententiae,

id. 8, 5, 7:

crimina,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 14;

terrores,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 212:

opprobria,

i. e. undeserved, id. ib. 1, 16, 38; cf.

honor,

id. ib. 39: falsi Simoëntis ad undam, i. e. fictitious (simulati), Verg. A. 3, 302; cf.:

falsi sequimur vestigia tauri (i. e. Jovis),

Val. Fl. 8, 265:

vultu simulans Haliagmona,

Stat. Th. 7, 739:

ita ceteros terruere, ut adesse omnem exercitum trepidi ac falsi nuntiarent,

Tac. H. 2, 17:

ne illi falsi sunt qui divorsissumas res pariter expectant,

deceived, mistaken, Sall. J. 85, 20; cf.:

falsus utinam vates sim,

Liv. 21, 10, 10; so,

vates,

id. 4, 46, 5.— Comp. (rare):

quanto est abjectior et falsior ista (theologia),

Aug. Civ. D. 7, 5 fin.:

nihil est hominum inepta persuasione falsius,

Petr. 132; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 92, 11 Müll.— Sup.:

id autem falsissimum est,

Col. 1, 6, 17.—

With gen.:

Felix appellatur Arabia, falsi et ingrati cognominis,

Plin. 12, 18, 41, § 82.—

False, counterfeit, spurious, = adulterinus (late Lat.): moneta, Cod. Th. 9, 21, 9.—

As subst.

falsus, i, m., a liar, deceiver:

Spurinnam ut falsum arguens,

a false prophet, Suet. Caes. 81 fin.; id. Tib. 14.—

falsum, i, n., falsehood, fraud:

ex falsis verum effici non potest,

Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf.:

veris falsa remiscet,

Hor. A. P. 151:

vero distinguere falsum,

id. Ep. 1, 10, 29:

falsum scripseram,

Cic. Att. 7, 14, 2; Quint. 7, 2, 53:

ex illa causa falsi,

i. e. of fraud, Dig. 48, 10 (De lege Cornelia de falsis), 1;

v. the whole title: acclinis falsis animus,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 6:

nec obstitit falsis Tiberius,

Tac. A. 2, 82:

simulationum falsa,

id. ib. 6, 46 et saep.—Adverb.:

telisque non in falsum jactis,

i. e. not at random, with effect, Tac. A. 4, 50 fin.:

jurare falsum,

Ov. Am. 3, 3, 11.— Adv., untruly, erroneously, unfaithfully, wrongly, falsely; in two forms, falso and false.

falso:

eho mavis vituperari falso, quam vero extolli?

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 21 sq.; cf. id. Trin. 1, 2, 173;

so opp. vero,

Curt. 5, 2, 2: ei rei dant operam, ut mihi falso maledicatur, Cato ap. Charis. p. 179 P.: falso criminare, Enn. ap. Non. 470, 16:

neque me perpetiar probri Falso insimulatam,

id. Am. 3, 2, 7; 21; cf.:

non possum quemquam insimulare falso,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 107:

falso memoriae proditum,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 14, 41:

cum Tarquinius... vivere falso diceretur,

id. Rep. 2, 21; cf.:

adesse ejus equites falso nuntiabantur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 14, 1:

cum utrumque falso fingerent,

Liv. 42, 2:

falso in me conferri,

Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 2: aliquem falso occidere, i. e. by mistake, Naev. ap. Charis. p. 179 P.; cf.:

ut miseri parentes quos falso lugent, vivere sciant,

Liv. 34, 32, 13; and:

falso lamentari eas Darium vivum,

Curt. 3, 12:

falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum,

Sall. J. 1:

falso plurima volgus amat,

Tib. 3, 3, 20 (so perh. also in Cic. Ac. 2, 46, 141, non assentiar saepe falso, instead of false).—Ellipt.: Da. Si quid narrare occepi, continuo dari tibi verba censes. Si. Falso, Ter. And. 3, 2, 24; cf.:

atqui in talibus rebus aliud utile interdum, aliud honestum videri solet. Falso: nam, etc.,

Cic. Off. 3, 18, 74; so Quint. 2, 17, 12; Nep. Alc. 9:

quia inter inpotentes et validos falso quiescas, = quia falluntur qui putant quiesci posse,

Tac. Germ. 36.—

false (very rare): judicium false factum, Sisenn. ap. Charis. p. 179; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 78 Fleck. (Cic. Ac. 2, 46, 141 dub., B. and K., al. falso).— Sup.:

quae adversus haec falsissime disputantur,

Aug. Conf. 10, 13.

ĭn-hŏnestus, a, um, adj.

Dishonorable, disgraceful, shameful (class.):

eho, impure, inhoneste, labes popli!

Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 4:

simus,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 18:

ignotā matre inhonestus,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 36:

vita,

Sall. C. 20, 9:

exitus nobis non inhonestus,

inglorious, Prop. 2, 26, 58 (3, 22, 38 Müll.):

mors,

id. 2, 7, 89 (2, 8 b, 27 M.); Liv. 29, 18:

vulnus,

Verg. A. 6, 497:

(hostes) inhonesta vulnera tergo accipiunt,

Ov. F. 2, 211:

pax,

Tac. A. 15, 25:

Vitellius gulā et ventre sibi inhonestus,

id. H. 2, 31 Orell. N. cr.:

nihil injustum atque inhonestum, Auct. Or. pro Dom. 41: quid hoc joco inhonestius,

more indecent, Val. Max. 7, 8, 9.— Sup.:

inhonestissima cupiditas,

Cic. Quint. Fr. 1, 1, 6 fin.:

homo turpissimus atque inhonestissimus,

id. Rosc. Am. 18.—

Unseemly, ugly, filthy:

homo,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 65; 5, 4, 16.— Hence, adv.: ĭn-hŏnestē, dishonorably, disgracefully:

parere divitias,

Ter. And. 4, 5, 2:

accusare,

Cic. Att. 2, 1, 9:

submitti alicui,

Vell. 2, 37, 3:

(with improbe) facere aliquid,

Gell. 10, 19, 1.— Comp., Capitol. Ver. 8.

num, adv. [an acc. m., of which nam is the acc. f. ], an interrog. particle, usually implying that a negative answer is expected.

In a direct interrogation (no corresp. term in English).

Num esse amicum suspicari visus est? Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 102; Ter. And. 2, 2, 29:

num igitur tot ducum naufragium sustulit artem gubernandi? aut num imperatorum scientia nihil est, quia, etc.,

Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24:

num exspectatis, dum L. Metellus testimonium dicat?

id. Verr. 2, 3, 53, § 122; id. Rep. 1, 11, 17:

num barbarorum Romulus rex fuit?

id. ib. 1, 37, 58.—

Followed by an, contmuing the inquiry:

num furis, an prudens ludis me obscura canendo?

Hor. S. 2, 5, 58:

num iratum timemus Jovem?... an ne turpiter faceret,

Cic. Off. 3, 28, 102.—

Esp., with quis, quando ( = aliquis, aliquando):

numquis hic est? nemo est,

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 1:

num quae trepidatio? num qui tumultus?

Cic. Deiot. 7, 20:

num quando perditis civibus vexillum defuturum putatis?

id. Phil. 5, 11, 29.—

Num quid (also numquid) vis? do you wish any thing further? is there any thing else? a very common form of leave-taking, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 44; 46; 3, 3, 15 et saep.; cf. Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 49 Don.; Cic. Att. 6, 3, 6; 5, 2, 2; Liv. 6, 34, 7;

for which, also: numquid me vis?

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 119; id. Mil. 2, 6, 92; and elliptically: numquid me? Plaut. Poen. 3, 6, 6. —

Numquid is also used adverbially; v. numquid.—

Joined to nam and ne numnam, numne, in anxious and surprised inquiry:

eho numnam hic relictus custos?

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 55:

numne vis me ire ad cenam?

Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 65:

deum ipsum numne vidisti?

Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 88; id. Lael. 11, 36 (so B. and K., Halm. But Ritschl, Opusc. 2, 248, denies the Latinity of the form numne; cf. Hand, Turs. 4, 79; and, contra, Rib. Lat. Part. p. 13).—

In an indirect interrogation, whether:

quaero, num aliter ac nunc eveniunt, evenirent?

Cic. Fat. 3, 6:

videte, num dubitandum vobis sit, omni studio ad id bellum incumbere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

jusserunt speculari, num sollicitati animi sociorum essent,

Liv. 42, 19:

exsistit hoc loco quaedam quaestio subdifficilis: num quando amici novi, digni amicitiā veteribus sint anteponendi,

Cic. Lael. 19, 67; so,

num quando,

id. Phil. 5, 11, 29; id. Vatin. 6, 17:

num quis,

id. Att. 13, 8; id. Clu. 38, 105; id. Off. 1, 3, 7:

videamus ergo, num expositio haec longior demum esse debeat,

whether this explanation should not be a little longer still, Quint. 4, 2, 79:

consultus, num et... vellet,

whether he did not also wish, Suet. Aug. 18.

perductor, ōris, m. [id.], a leader, conductor; in partic., a pimp, pander (cf. perduco, I. B. 1.):

lenonum, aleatorum, perductorum nulla mentio fiat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 34 (lenones sunt scortorum: perductores etiam invitarum personarum, et in quibus stupra exercita legibus vindicantur, Ascon. ad h. l.); Lact. 6, 17, 19.—

A guide, conductor, in a double sense with the [p. 1338] preced. signif.: Si. Eho istum, puer, circumduce hasce aedes et conclavia. Th. Apage istum a me perductorem:

nihil moror ductarier,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 159 sq.

sălūs, ūtis (archaic gen. SALVTES, on a clay vessel, v. Ritschl de Fictilibus Litteratis, Berol, 1853, p. 18, n. 5; cf. APOLONES, from Apollo; dat. SALVTEI, Corp. Inscr. Lat. 587), f. [root sar, to guard, whence servus, servare, salvus, sollus; cf. Gr. holos, entire], a being safe and sound; a sound or whole condition, health, welfare, prosperity, preservation, safety, deliverance, etc. (very freq. and class.: cf.: valetudo, sanitas).

Lit.

In gen.: Mars pater te precor, pastores pecuaque salva servassis duisque bonam salutem valetudinemque mihi domo familiaeque nostrae, an old form of prayer in Cato, R. R. 141, 3; cf. Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 27; so,

too, the religious formula for asking protection: quod cum salute ejus fiat,

and may it do him good, Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 3;

and in the same sense: bonā salute,

Cato, R. R. 4 fin.:

adhuc quae assolent quaeque oportet Signa esse ad salutem, omnia huic (puero recens nato) esse video,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 2:

aegrorum salutem ab Aesculapio datam,

Cic. N. D. 3, 38, 91:

qui etiam medicis suis non ad salutem, sed ad necem utatur,

id. Har. Resp. 16, 35:

me confectum consularibus volneribus consulari medicinā ad salutem reduceret,

id. Red. Quir. 6, 15:

firmā potiri salute,

Ov. H. 20, [p. 1622] 179:

salute nostrā atque urbe captā Domum reduco integrum omnem exercitum,

in good health, well, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 147:

mater redit suā salute ac familiae maximā,

in excellent health, id. Merc. 4, 5, 9:

salute nostrum socium,

id. Men. 1, 2, 25:

salute horiae,

uninjured, id. Rud. 4, 2, 5:

in optimorum consiliis posita est civitatium salus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 34, 51; cf.:

tu eris unus, in quo nitatur civitatis salus,

id. ib. 6, 12, 12;

2, 23, 43: juris, libertatis, fortunarum suarum salus in istius damnatione consistit,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 16:

neque enim salus ulla rei publicae major reperiri potest, quam, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 1, 2, § 4; Plaut. As. 3, 3, 127:

spem teneo, salutem amisi,

id. Merc. 3, 4, 6 sq.; id. Capt. 3, 3, 3; cf.:

cujus aures clausae veritati sunt, hujus salus desperanda est,

Cic. Lael. 24, 90:

nisi quae mihi in te'st, haud tibi est in me salus,

a means of safety, help, assistance, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 69:

fer amanti ero salutem,

id. As. 3, 3, 82; cf.:

cum opem indigentibus salutemque ferres,

Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 118; id. Mur. 13, 28: dicet fortasse Dignitatis halis:

saluti, si me amas, consule,

id. Att. 2, 19, 1:

is est nimirum Soter, qui salutem dedit,

has furnished safety, id. Verr. 2, 2, 63, § 154:

dare salutem, liberare periculis, etc.,

id. de Or. 1, 8, 32:

saluti quod tibi esse censeo, id consuadeo,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 35; so,

saluti esse alicui,

Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1; id. de Or. 2, 49, 200 al.;

for which: nosse omnia haec, salus est adulescentulis,

Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 18:

diffisus suae omniumque saluti,

Caes. B. G. 6, 38:

nec in fugā salus ulla ostendebatur,

Liv. 30, 8:

una est salus,

id. 7, 35:

una salus victis nullam sperare salutem,

Verg. A. 2, 354; cf. id. ib. 5, 174; 6, 96; Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 4; 5, 7, 3; id. P. 3, 7, 23; 4, 14, 5; id. M. 3, 648; Luc. 2, 221. —Freq. in Plaut. as a term of endearment, my life, my love:

quid agis, mea salus?

Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 3:

o salute meā salus salubrior,

id. Cist. 3, 13; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 38; id. Poen. 1, 2, 153; 1, 2, 176; id. Rud. 3, 3, 17. —

In partic., a wish for one ' s welfare (expressed by word of mouth or in writing), a greeting, salute, salutation: Ly. Charmidem Lysiteles salutat. Ca. Non ego sum salutis dignus? Ly. Immo salve Callicles, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 29:

venienti des salutem atque osculum,

id. Ep. 4, 2, 2:

quin tu primum salutem reddis quam dedi?

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 11: Sy. Responde, quod rogo. Ba. Eho, an non prius salutas? Sy. Nulla est mihi salus dataria, id. Ps. 4, 2, 13: Pe. Salva sis. Ph. Salutem accipio mihi et meis, id. Ep. 4, 1, 21:

advenientem peregre herum suum Salva impertit salute servus Epidicus,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 24; cf. Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 39; for which: impertit salutem plurimam et plenissimam, Lucil. ap. Non. 472, 16:

Terentia impertit tibi multam salutem,

Cic. Att. 2, 12, 3:

salutem dicere alicui,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 29:

multam, plurimam salutem dicere alicui,

id. Curc. 3, 51; 3, 61:

Cicero tibi salutem plurimam dicit,

Cic. Fam. 14, 7, 3:

tu Atticae salutem dices,

id. Att. 14, 19, 6;

and so at the beginning of a letter: salutem dicit Toxilo Timarchides Et familiae omni. Si valetis gaudeo, etc.,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 32;

usually abbreviated S. D. (salutem dicit), S. D. M. (salutem dicit multam), S. D. P. (salutem dicit plurimam), v. the superscriptions of Cicero's letters. Freq., also, elliptically, without dicit: Anacharsis Hannoni salutem,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 90 (abbreviated, e. g. Cicero Attico S., v. the letters of Cicero and Pliny):

Dionysio plurimam salutem,

id. Att. 4, 18, 3:

Atticae plurimam salutem,

id. ib. 14, 20, 5:

salutem reddere,

to return a greeting, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 11; Liv. 9, 6, 12; Tac. A. 4, 60: salutem mittere per aliquem, to send a greeting:

mihi dulcis salus visa est per te missa ab illā,

Cic. Att. 16, 3, 6; Ov. H. 4, 1; 16, 1.—An unusual expression is, salutem dicere alicui, in the sense of to bid one farewell:

ego vero multam salutem et foro dicam et curiae, vivamque tecum multum, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 7, 32, 2:

salute acceptā redditāque,

Liv. 7, 5:

salute datā redditāque,

id. 3, 26:

salutem tibi ab sodali nuntio,

I bring, deliver, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 10; so,

nuntiare salutem alicui,

id. Curc. 4, 2, 38; id. Men. prol. 1; cf.:

salutem verbis tuis mihi nuntiarat,

Cic. Fam. 7, 14, 1:

salutem tibi plurimam ascribit et Tulliola, deliciae nostrae,

adds, joins in, id. Att. 1, 5, 9; 5, 20, 9.—In a humorous equivoque: As. Salve. St. Satis mihi est tuae salutis, nihil moror, sat salveo;

Aegrotare malim, quam esse tuā salute sanior,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 4 sq.; id. Ps. 1, 1, 41 sq.—

Salvation, deliverance from sin and its penalties (eccl. Lat.):

verbum salutis,

Vulg. Act. 13, 26; id. Rom. 10, 1; 13, 11.—

Salus, personified, a Roman divinity, whose temple stood on one of the summits of the Quirinalis (v. Salutaris):

ego tibi nunc sum summus Juppiter, Idem ego sum Salus, Fortuna, etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 84; id. As. 3, 3, 123; 3, 3, 137; id. Cist. 4, 2, 76; id. Merc. 5, 2, 26; Varr. L. L. 5, §§ 51 and 74 Müll.; Liv. 9, 43 fin.; 10, 1 fin.; 40, 37; Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:

augurium Salutis (instituted for the welfare of the State),

Cic. Div. 1, 47, 105; id. Leg. 2, 11, 28; Suet. Aug. 31; Tac. A. 12, 23.—In a lusus verbb., alluding to the literal meaning of the name:

nec Salus nobis saluti jam esse, si cupiat, potest,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 4:

at vos Salus servassit,

id. Cist. 4, 2, 76:

neque jam Salus servare, si volt, me potest,

id. Capt. 3, 3, 14; Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 43; cf.:

Salus ipsa virorum fortium innocentiam tueri non potest,

Cic. Font. 6, 11, § 21.

scisco, scīvi, scītum, 3 ( dep. collat. form sciscor, acc. to Prisc. p. 799 P.), v. inch. a. [scio], to seek to know; to search, inquire.

Lit. (ante-class. and very rare; cf., on the other hand, the deriv. sciscitor): praefestinamus, quae sit causa, sciscere, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P.: ibo ad eam, ut sciscam, quid velint, Att. ap. Non. 505, 12; cf. Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 17.—

Transf.

Publicists' t. t., of the people, after inquiry or examination, to accept, approve, assent to something proposed; hence, to appoint, enact, decree, ordain, = rem cognitam jubere (cf. sancio):

nullam illi (majores nostri) vim contionis esse voluerunt: quae scisceret plebes aut quae populus juberet summota contione, distributis partibus... auditis auctoribus, re multos dies promulgatā et cognitā, juberi vetarique voluerunt,

Cic. Fl. 7, 15:

illa legitima: consules populum jure rogaverunt populusque jure scivit,

id. Phil. 1, 10, 26; cf.:

rogationes plurimas propter vos populus scivit,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 23:

rogationem Marciam de Liguribus magno consensu plebes scivit jussitque. Ex eo plebiscito, etc.,

Liv. 42, 21 fin.:

adeo id gratum plebi fuit ut id modo sciscerent juberentque, ut senatus decerneret, qui Romae regnaret,

id. 1, 17 fin.:

ad sciscendum plebi,

id. 6, 35:

si Gaditani sciverint nominatim de aliquo cive Romano, ut sit is civis Gaditanus,

Cic. Balb. 11, 27; cf.:

qui (Athenienses) sciverunt, ut, etc.,

id. Off. 3, 11, 46.— Pass.:

multa perniciose sciscuntur in populis (with sancire),

Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 13; cf.:

illud stultissimum, existimare omnia justa esse, quae scita sint in populorum institutis aut legibus,

id. ib. 1, 15, 42 (v. also under P. a.).— Poet., with obj.-clause:

munera Martis Aequent imperio et solem concedere nocti Sciscant,

Sil. 7, 545.—

Transf., in gen. (like decerno), of an individual, to approve, assent to, vote for any thing:

qui ulteriorem (Galliam decernit), ostendit, eam se sciscere legem, quam esse legem neget,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:

quod primus scivit legem de publicanis, etc.,

id. Planc. 14, 35. —

To learn, ascertain, know:

ut illi id factum sciscerent,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 68: praefestinamus quae sit causa sciscere, quod, etc., Afran. ap. Charis. 2, p. 186 P. (Com. Rel. v. 396 Rib.). —

Trop., of nature, to decree, establish:

confirmat antem illud vel maxime quod ipsa natura, ut ait ille, sciscet et probet,

Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 23.—Hence, scī-tus, a, um, P. a.

(Acc. to I.) Mid. (orig., that has informed himself, obtained knowledge, had experience; hence), knowing, shrewd, wise, acute, experienced, skilful, adroit, etc. (of persons; mostly poet.; not in Cic., but cf. 2.; syn.: callidus, versatus): doctu', fidelis... Scitus, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 251 Vahl.):

hominem astutum, doctum, scitum et callidum,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 151:

mulier scita atque prudens,

Gell. 13, 4 fin.: scitus agaso, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 330 Müll. (Ann. v. 217 Vahl.):

sycophanta,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 8:

homo,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 23:

convivator,

a clever, dexterous host, Liv. 35, 49:

scitus bellum (venereum) init,

Plaut. Truc. 5, 42:

ea mulieris scitae comitas,

Gell. 13, 4, 3.— Comp.:

non sum scitior, quae hos rogem, etc.,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 12.— Poet. and in post - Aug. prose with gen.:

Nessus scitus vadorum,

acquainted with, Ov. M. 9, 108:

Thalia lyrae,

id. F. 5, 54:

Sthenelus pugnandi,

Quint. 9, 3, 10 Spald. N. cr. —With obj.-clause ( poet.):

scitus accendere corda Laudibus,

Sil. 17, 293:

accendere Martem,

id. 15, 594.—

Of things, fit, suitable, proper, judicious, sensible, witty, etc.:

pulcre scripsti: scitum syngraphum!

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 57:

scito illa quidem (scripsit) sermone et Attico,

Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 93; cf.

interrogationes,

Quint. 5, 7, 28.— Sup.:

oratio optima et scitissima,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 30:

si quid (dictum) est, quod mihi scitum esse videatur et homini ingenuo dignum atque docto, non aspernor,

Cic. Planc. 14, 35; cf. id. Or. 16, 51:

oratoris dictum,

Tac. A. 6, 20.—Esp. in the phrase scitum est, it is a witty or acute saying; shrewd, clever: vetus illud Catonis admodum scitum est, qui mirari se aiebat, quod non rideret haruspex, haruspicem cum vidisset, Cic. Div. 2, 24, 51; cf.:

scitum est illud Catonis, ut multa: Melius, etc.,

id. Lael. 24, 90;

Scytharum legati,

Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 148:

scitum est, inter Protogenem et eum (Apellem) quod accidit,

a clever thing, id. 35, 10, 36, § 81:

hoc Scitum est, periculum ex aliis facere, tibi quod ex usu siet,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 36; cf. id. Phorm. 5, 4, 2:

scitum est causam conferre in tempus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 61, 228.—

Transf., beautiful, elegant, fine, etc. (mostly ante- and post-class.;

syn.: venustus, bellus): satis scitum filum mulieris,

Plaut. Merc. 4, 4, 15; cf.

Iphis,

Petr. 63, 3:

mulierculae formae scitioris,

Lampr. Commod. 2 fin. (v. perscitus):

vox admodum scita et canora,

Gell. 18, 5, 2:

haec nox scita'st exercendo scorto,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 132; cf. scitamenta.—

(Acc. to II. A.) Subst.: scītum, i. n., an ordinance, statute, decree; esp. in connection with plebis (plebei, v. plebs), or, in one word, plebiscitum, an ordinance or decree of the people or of the citizens (opp. to senatusconsultum, a decree of the Senate):

scita plebei appellantur ea, quae plebs suo suffragio sine patribus jussit, plebeio magistratu rogante,

Fest. p. 293 Müll.; cf. Lael. Felix ap. Gell. 15, 27, 4:

quo plebiscito decreta a senatu est quaestio, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 54:

quae (lex) postea plebiscito Canuleio abrogata est,

id. Rep. 2, 37, 63:

plebiscitis consularem potestatem minuere,

id. de Or. 2, 48, 199 et saep. (v. 2. scitus).—In a lusus verbb. with scitus, A.: Ps. Ecquid is homo scitus est? Ch. Plebiscitum non est scitius, Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 58.—In the order scitum plebis:

de altero aedile scitum plebis est factum rogantibus tribunis,

Liv. 31, 50 fin.; 10, 22 fin.:

scita plebis injuncta patribus,

id. 3, 67; 22, 26;

Populi is used instead of plebis when the decrees of other nations are spoken of: cum lex esset Athenis, ne quis populi scitum faceret, ut quisquam coronā donaretur, etc.,

Cic. Opt. Gen. 7, 19:

Athenienses quibusdam temporibus sublato Areopago nihil nisi populi scitis ac decretis agebant,

id. Rep. 1, 27, 43; so,

in one word, populiscitum,

Nep. Alcib. 5, 4; id. Epam. 7, 4; id. Phoc. 2, 2:

ut nullum de eā re scitum populi fieret aut litteris mandaretur,

Liv. 45, 25. Tacitus is the first who has populi scita for decrees of the Roman people, Tac. A. 3, 58.—Of Roman popular decrees also simply scita:

cum scita ac jussa nostra sua sententia comprobat,

Cic. Balb. 18, 42.—Rarely of other public or official ordinances (cf.:

decreta, edicta, jussa): (Numa) omnia publica privataque sacra Pontificis scitis subjecit,

Liv. 1, 20:

quo minus ferociter aliorum (decemvirorum) scitis adversarentur,

id. 3, 33; Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 146:

regis,

Vulg. Esth. 3, 8.—

Transf. (with decretum and placitum) as a transl. of the Gr. dogma, a maxim, tenet, dogma, Sen. Ep. 95, 10.— Adv.: scītē (acc. to A.), shrewdly, cleverly, skilfully, adroitly, nicely, tastefully, elegantly (class.):

eho, nimium scite scitus es,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 1, 8; cf.:

tondetur nimium scite,

id. Merc. 3, 1, 28:

satis scite et probe,

id. Trin. 3, 3, 56; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 69; id. Mil. 4, 2, 74; id. Trin. 3, 3, 53; Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 7; Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 1 (with commode):

(rationes) ita sunt perscriptae scite et litterate, ut, etc.,

id. Pis. 25, 61; cf.:

scite et venuste facta,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 35, § 87:

illa ex patellis quae evellerat, ita scite in aureis poculis inligabat, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 4, 24, §

54: non scite (dictum),

id. Att. 14, 20, 3; so,

dictum,

Plin. 36, 22, 48, § 166:

scite loqui,

Liv. 10, 19:

parum scite convivium exornare,

Sall. J. 85, 39; cf. Liv. 4, 44 fin. — Comp.:

scitius,

Gell. 4, 11, 10.— Sup.:

scitissime,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 116; Gell. 10, 11, 6; App. M. 9, p. 212, 16.

scisco, scīvi, scītum, 3 ( dep. collat. form sciscor, acc. to Prisc. p. 799 P.), v. inch. a. [scio], to seek to know; to search, inquire.

Lit. (ante-class. and very rare; cf., on the other hand, the deriv. sciscitor): praefestinamus, quae sit causa, sciscere, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P.: ibo ad eam, ut sciscam, quid velint, Att. ap. Non. 505, 12; cf. Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 17.—

Transf.

Publicists' t. t., of the people, after inquiry or examination, to accept, approve, assent to something proposed; hence, to appoint, enact, decree, ordain, = rem cognitam jubere (cf. sancio):

nullam illi (majores nostri) vim contionis esse voluerunt: quae scisceret plebes aut quae populus juberet summota contione, distributis partibus... auditis auctoribus, re multos dies promulgatā et cognitā, juberi vetarique voluerunt,

Cic. Fl. 7, 15:

illa legitima: consules populum jure rogaverunt populusque jure scivit,

id. Phil. 1, 10, 26; cf.:

rogationes plurimas propter vos populus scivit,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 23:

rogationem Marciam de Liguribus magno consensu plebes scivit jussitque. Ex eo plebiscito, etc.,

Liv. 42, 21 fin.:

adeo id gratum plebi fuit ut id modo sciscerent juberentque, ut senatus decerneret, qui Romae regnaret,

id. 1, 17 fin.:

ad sciscendum plebi,

id. 6, 35:

si Gaditani sciverint nominatim de aliquo cive Romano, ut sit is civis Gaditanus,

Cic. Balb. 11, 27; cf.:

qui (Athenienses) sciverunt, ut, etc.,

id. Off. 3, 11, 46.— Pass.:

multa perniciose sciscuntur in populis (with sancire),

Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 13; cf.:

illud stultissimum, existimare omnia justa esse, quae scita sint in populorum institutis aut legibus,

id. ib. 1, 15, 42 (v. also under P. a.).— Poet., with obj.-clause:

munera Martis Aequent imperio et solem concedere nocti Sciscant,

Sil. 7, 545.—

Transf., in gen. (like decerno), of an individual, to approve, assent to, vote for any thing:

qui ulteriorem (Galliam decernit), ostendit, eam se sciscere legem, quam esse legem neget,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:

quod primus scivit legem de publicanis, etc.,

id. Planc. 14, 35. —

To learn, ascertain, know:

ut illi id factum sciscerent,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 68: praefestinamus quae sit causa sciscere, quod, etc., Afran. ap. Charis. 2, p. 186 P. (Com. Rel. v. 396 Rib.). —

Trop., of nature, to decree, establish:

confirmat antem illud vel maxime quod ipsa natura, ut ait ille, sciscet et probet,

Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 23.—Hence, scī-tus, a, um, P. a.

(Acc. to I.) Mid. (orig., that has informed himself, obtained knowledge, had experience; hence), knowing, shrewd, wise, acute, experienced, skilful, adroit, etc. (of persons; mostly poet.; not in Cic., but cf. 2.; syn.: callidus, versatus): doctu', fidelis... Scitus, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 251 Vahl.):

hominem astutum, doctum, scitum et callidum,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 151:

mulier scita atque prudens,

Gell. 13, 4 fin.: scitus agaso, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 330 Müll. (Ann. v. 217 Vahl.):

sycophanta,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 8:

homo,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 23:

convivator,

a clever, dexterous host, Liv. 35, 49:

scitus bellum (venereum) init,

Plaut. Truc. 5, 42:

ea mulieris scitae comitas,

Gell. 13, 4, 3.— Comp.:

non sum scitior, quae hos rogem, etc.,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 12.— Poet. and in post - Aug. prose with gen.:

Nessus scitus vadorum,

acquainted with, Ov. M. 9, 108:

Thalia lyrae,

id. F. 5, 54:

Sthenelus pugnandi,

Quint. 9, 3, 10 Spald. N. cr. —With obj.-clause ( poet.):

scitus accendere corda Laudibus,

Sil. 17, 293:

accendere Martem,

id. 15, 594.—

Of things, fit, suitable, proper, judicious, sensible, witty, etc.:

pulcre scripsti: scitum syngraphum!

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 57:

scito illa quidem (scripsit) sermone et Attico,

Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 93; cf.

interrogationes,

Quint. 5, 7, 28.— Sup.:

oratio optima et scitissima,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 30:

si quid (dictum) est, quod mihi scitum esse videatur et homini ingenuo dignum atque docto, non aspernor,

Cic. Planc. 14, 35; cf. id. Or. 16, 51:

oratoris dictum,

Tac. A. 6, 20.—Esp. in the phrase scitum est, it is a witty or acute saying; shrewd, clever: vetus illud Catonis admodum scitum est, qui mirari se aiebat, quod non rideret haruspex, haruspicem cum vidisset, Cic. Div. 2, 24, 51; cf.:

scitum est illud Catonis, ut multa: Melius, etc.,

id. Lael. 24, 90;

Scytharum legati,

Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 148:

scitum est, inter Protogenem et eum (Apellem) quod accidit,

a clever thing, id. 35, 10, 36, § 81:

hoc Scitum est, periculum ex aliis facere, tibi quod ex usu siet,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 36; cf. id. Phorm. 5, 4, 2:

scitum est causam conferre in tempus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 61, 228.—

Transf., beautiful, elegant, fine, etc. (mostly ante- and post-class.;

syn.: venustus, bellus): satis scitum filum mulieris,

Plaut. Merc. 4, 4, 15; cf.

Iphis,

Petr. 63, 3:

mulierculae formae scitioris,

Lampr. Commod. 2 fin. (v. perscitus):

vox admodum scita et canora,

Gell. 18, 5, 2:

haec nox scita'st exercendo scorto,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 132; cf. scitamenta.—

(Acc. to II. A.) Subst.: scītum, i. n., an ordinance, statute, decree; esp. in connection with plebis (plebei, v. plebs), or, in one word, plebiscitum, an ordinance or decree of the people or of the citizens (opp. to senatusconsultum, a decree of the Senate):

scita plebei appellantur ea, quae plebs suo suffragio sine patribus jussit, plebeio magistratu rogante,

Fest. p. 293 Müll.; cf. Lael. Felix ap. Gell. 15, 27, 4:

quo plebiscito decreta a senatu est quaestio, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 54:

quae (lex) postea plebiscito Canuleio abrogata est,

id. Rep. 2, 37, 63:

plebiscitis consularem potestatem minuere,

id. de Or. 2, 48, 199 et saep. (v. 2. scitus).—In a lusus verbb. with scitus, A.: Ps. Ecquid is homo scitus est? Ch. Plebiscitum non est scitius, Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 58.—In the order scitum plebis:

de altero aedile scitum plebis est factum rogantibus tribunis,

Liv. 31, 50 fin.; 10, 22 fin.:

scita plebis injuncta patribus,

id. 3, 67; 22, 26;

Populi is used instead of plebis when the decrees of other nations are spoken of: cum lex esset Athenis, ne quis populi scitum faceret, ut quisquam coronā donaretur, etc.,

Cic. Opt. Gen. 7, 19:

Athenienses quibusdam temporibus sublato Areopago nihil nisi populi scitis ac decretis agebant,

id. Rep. 1, 27, 43; so,

in one word, populiscitum,

Nep. Alcib. 5, 4; id. Epam. 7, 4; id. Phoc. 2, 2:

ut nullum de eā re scitum populi fieret aut litteris mandaretur,

Liv. 45, 25. Tacitus is the first who has populi scita for decrees of the Roman people, Tac. A. 3, 58.—Of Roman popular decrees also simply scita:

cum scita ac jussa nostra sua sententia comprobat,

Cic. Balb. 18, 42.—Rarely of other public or official ordinances (cf.:

decreta, edicta, jussa): (Numa) omnia publica privataque sacra Pontificis scitis subjecit,

Liv. 1, 20:

quo minus ferociter aliorum (decemvirorum) scitis adversarentur,

id. 3, 33; Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 146:

regis,

Vulg. Esth. 3, 8.—

Transf. (with decretum and placitum) as a transl. of the Gr. dogma, a maxim, tenet, dogma, Sen. Ep. 95, 10.— Adv.: scītē (acc. to A.), shrewdly, cleverly, skilfully, adroitly, nicely, tastefully, elegantly (class.):

eho, nimium scite scitus es,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 1, 8; cf.:

tondetur nimium scite,

id. Merc. 3, 1, 28:

satis scite et probe,

id. Trin. 3, 3, 56; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 69; id. Mil. 4, 2, 74; id. Trin. 3, 3, 53; Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 7; Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 1 (with commode):

(rationes) ita sunt perscriptae scite et litterate, ut, etc.,

id. Pis. 25, 61; cf.:

scite et venuste facta,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 35, § 87:

illa ex patellis quae evellerat, ita scite in aureis poculis inligabat, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 4, 24, §

54: non scite (dictum),

id. Att. 14, 20, 3; so,

dictum,

Plin. 36, 22, 48, § 166:

scite loqui,

Liv. 10, 19:

parum scite convivium exornare,

Sall. J. 85, 39; cf. Liv. 4, 44 fin. — Comp.:

scitius,

Gell. 4, 11, 10.— Sup.:

scitissime,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 116; Gell. 10, 11, 6; App. M. 9, p. 212, 16.

somnĭo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. ( dep. collat. form:

hic aedes non somniatur,

Petr. 74, 14) [somnium], to dream; to dream of or see in a dream (freq. and class.).

Lit.:

mirum atque inscitum somniavi somnium,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 1, 5; so,

somnium,

id. Mil. 2, 4, 28; 2, 4, 47:

aliquid (in somnis),

id. Rud. 3, 4, 68; id. Curc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 2, 4; Ter. And. 5, 6, 7; Cic. Div. 2, 59, 121 al.; cf.

aurum,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 18:

ovum,

Cic. Div. 2, 65, 134:

speciem fortunae querentis,

Suet. Galb. 18 al.; cf.:

me somnies, me exspectes, de me cogites,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 114.— With obj.-clause: videbar somniare med ego esse mortuum, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 16, 51 (Epich. v. 1, p. 167 Vahl.); Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 39; Cic. Div. 1, 20, 39; 2, 65, 134 init.; Suet. Aug. 91; 94; id. Claud. 37 al.—With de:

hanc credo causam de illo somniandi fuisse,

Cic. Div. 2, 67, 140:

puer, de quo somniasset,

Suet. Aug. 94.— Absol.:

totas noctes somniamus,

Cic. Div. 2, 59, 121; id. Ac. 2, 16, 51; Plin. 10, 75, 98, § 211; Suet. Ner. 46 al.— Impers. pass.:

Aristoteles et Fabianus plurimum somniari circa ver et auctumnum tradunt,

Plin. 28, 4, 14, § 54. —

Transf., as in Engl. to dream, i. e. to think idly or vainly, to talk foolishly:

eho, quae tu somnias! Hic homo non sanus est,

what are you dreaming about? Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 109:

quos Summanos somnias?

id. Curc. 4, 3, 14: de Lanuvino Phameae erravi;

Trojanum somniabam,

Cic. Att. 9, 13, 6:

ineptias,

Col. 1, 8, 2:

ah stulte! tu de Psaltriā me somnias Agere,

Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 6; Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 5.— Absol.:

vigilans somniat,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 65; id. Capt. 4, 2, 68:

portenta non disserentium philosophorum sed somniantium,

Cic. N. D. 1, 8, 18.

umquam ( unquam), adv. temp. [etym dub.], at any time, ever (opp. never; cf. aliquando); most freq. in neg. clauses, sometimes also in interrogations and in conditional clauses; but very seldom in affirmations. [p. 1929]

In neg. clauses.

Lit.:

quod (principium) si numquam oritur, ne occidit quidem umquam,

Cic. Rep. 6, 25, 27: quod nemo umquam homo antehac Vidit, Plant. Am. 2, 1, 16; cf. id. ib. 2, 1, 41:

neque umquam quicquam me juvat quod edo domi,

id. Capt. 1, 2, 33; id. Aul. 3, 1, 3:

quam opinionem nemo umquam mortalis assequi potuit sine, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 10, 17; 2, 15, 29:

quod nec didicerint, nec uniquam scire curaverint,

id. ib. 1, 6, 11:

atque haud sciam an ne opus sit quidem nihil umquam omnino deesse amicis,

id. Lael. 14, 51:

nemo umquam adiit,

id. Har. Resp. 17, 37:

cum ita sim adflictus ut nemo umquam,

id. Att. 3, 12, 1:

itaque quantus non umquam antea exercitus venit,

Liv. 9, 37, 2; 9, 39, 5:

non umquam gravis aere domum mihi dextra redibat,

Verg. E. 1, 36; cf. Prop. 1, 6, 21:

non mehercule hoc umquam dixi,

Quint. 6, 3, 74: utinam ne umquam Mede Colchis cupido corde pedem extulisses, Enn. ap. Non. 297, 20 (Trag. v. 311 Vahl.).—

In clauses, affirmative in form, in which a negation is implied (cf. II. infra):

cave posthac, si me amas, umquam istuc verbum ex te audiam,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 8:

raro umquam, nisi forte, etc.,

hardly ever, Quint. 4, 1, 4; cf.:

difficilior (interrogatio) hoc, quod raro umquam possunt ante judicium scire, quid testis dicturus sit,

id. 5, 7, 22.—

Transf.

In interrogations implying a negative: Le. Sed tu, en umquam cum quiquam viro Consuevisti? Si. Nisi quidem cum Alcesimarcho nemine, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 88; Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 15; so, en umquam, very freq.; v. en: Ps. Eho an umquam tu hujus nupsisti patri? Ba. Di melius faciant, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 95:

ullamne ego rem umquam in vita meā Volui, quin? etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 4: dic mihi hoc;

solent tibi umquam oculi duri fieri?

Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 24; 5, 5, 26:

quis homo pro moecho umquam vidit in domo meretriciā Prendi quemquam?

Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 38.—

In conditional clauses;

si umquam in dicendo fuimus aliquid... tum profecto, etc.,

Cic. Att. 4, 2, 2: Al. Di me perdant... Si illam uxorem duxero mihi umquam, quam despondit pater. Me. Et me, si umquam tibi uxorem filiam dedero meam, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 31 sq.:

date ergo, daturae Si umquam estis hodie uxorem,

id. Cas. 4, 4, 11:

si te in plateā offendero hac post umquam, periisti,

Ter. Eun. 5, 9 (8), 34:

mihi si umquam filius erit, nae, etc.,

id. Heaut. 2, 1, 5:

si umquam ullum fuit tempus, mater, cum, etc.,

id. ib. 5, 4, 1; id. Hec. 3, 3, 29:

vovisse hunc dicam, si salvos domum redisset umquam,

id. ib. 3, 4, 21:

si quando umquam equestri ope adjutam rempublicam meminerint, illo die annitantur, ut, etc.,

Liv. 10, 14, 11.—

In affirmative clauses (cf. I. A. 2. supra):

plus amat quam te umquam amavit,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 63; id. Bacch. 3, 4, 14; cf. id. ib. 3, 4, 22;

4, 8, 71: ut minime mirum futurum sit, si (Isocrates)... reliquis praestet omnibus, qui umquam orationes attigerunt,

Cic. Or. 13, 41:

quod ei praeter spem acciderat, ut illam terram umquam attingeret,

id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 25: cum tyranno instituere amicitiam;

et tyranno quam, qui umquam fuit, saevissimo, Liv 24, 32, 3: quare nunc quoque, licet major quam umquam moles premat, tamen, etc.,

Quint. 12, prooem. §

2: utinam sit tempus umquam quo perfectus aliquis orator, etc.,

for once, ever, id. 12, 2, 9:

excute: sic umquam longā relevere catenā, Nec tibi perpetuo serva bibatur aqua,

Ov. Am. 1, 6, 25:

scintillam e stellā cadere et augeri terrae appropinquantem... semel umquam proditur, Cn. Octavio C. Scribonio coss.,

Plin. 2, 35, 35, § 100.

vĕ [perh. from same root with vel, volo; but cf. Sanscr. va, or], or; leaving the choice free between two things or among several (always enclitic):

quid tu es tristis? quidve es alacris?

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 13:

telum tormentumve,

Caes. B. C. 3, 51; 3, 56:

lubidines iracundiaeve,

Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

albus aterve fueris, ignorans,

id. Phil. 2, 16, 41:

si id facis facturave es,

Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 13:

ne quid plus minusve faxit,

id. Phorm. 3, 3, 21:

ne quid plus minusve, quam sit necesse, dicat,

Cic. Fl. 5, 12:

duabus tribusve horis,

id. Phil. 14, 6, 16:

Appius ad me ex itinere bis terve litteras miserat,

id. Att. 6, 1, 2:

amici regis duo tresve perdivites sunt,

id. ib. 6, 1, 3:

cum eam (quercum) tempestas vetustasve consumpserit,

id. Leg. 1, 1, 2:

alter ambove, etc.,

id. ib. 5, 19, 53;

v. alter: aliquis unus pluresve,

id. Rep. 1, 32, 48:

ne cui meae Longinquitas aetatis obstet mortemve exspectet meam,

Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 20:

eho, Mysis, puer hic unde est? quisve huc attulit?

id. And. 4, 4, 9:

si quando aut regi justo vim populus attulit regnove eum spoliavit, aut, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 42, 65:

decretumque, ut consules sortirentur conpararentve inter se, uter, etc.,

Liv. 24, 10, 2: quae civitates habent legibus sanctum, si quis quid de re publica a finitimis rumore ac famā acceperit, uti ad magistratum deferat, neve cum quo alio communicet, or (sc. it is ordered by law) that he shall not, etc., Caes. B. G. 6, 20.—

Esp. in neg. sentences, or questions implying a negat., = -que: nullum (membrum rei publicae) reperies perfecti, quod non fractum debilitatumve sit, Cic Fam. 5, 13, 3;

num leges nostras moresve novit?

id. Phil. 5, 5, 13.—

Repeated or with correl. part.

Ve... ve, either... or ( poet.):

corpora vertuntur: nec quod fuimusve sumusve, Cras erimus,

Ov. M. 15, 215:

nullaque laudetur plusve minusve mihi,

id. F. 5, 110; id. M. 11, 493:

illa tamen se Non habitu mutatve loco, peccatve superne,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 64.—

Ve... aut, either... or (very rare):

regnave prima Remi aut animos Carthaginis altae,

Prop. 2, 1, 23.

vē- (sometimes vae-) [perh. = Sanscr. vi-in-, vi-dha-va; Lat. vidua; but cf. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 3809, 135]; an inseparable particle denoting origin, out, which serves either to negative the positive idea lying in the simple word, or to strengthen a simple notion: vegrandis, small; vecors, senseless; vepallidus, very pale; ve-stigo, to search out; Vejovis, an anti-Jove; cf. Gell. 5, 12, 9 sqq.

vĕ [perh. from same root with vel, volo; but cf. Sanscr. va, or], or; leaving the choice free between two things or among several (always enclitic):

quid tu es tristis? quidve es alacris?

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 13:

telum tormentumve,

Caes. B. C. 3, 51; 3, 56:

lubidines iracundiaeve,

Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

albus aterve fueris, ignorans,

id. Phil. 2, 16, 41:

si id facis facturave es,

Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 13:

ne quid plus minusve faxit,

id. Phorm. 3, 3, 21:

ne quid plus minusve, quam sit necesse, dicat,

Cic. Fl. 5, 12:

duabus tribusve horis,

id. Phil. 14, 6, 16:

Appius ad me ex itinere bis terve litteras miserat,

id. Att. 6, 1, 2:

amici regis duo tresve perdivites sunt,

id. ib. 6, 1, 3:

cum eam (quercum) tempestas vetustasve consumpserit,

id. Leg. 1, 1, 2:

alter ambove, etc.,

id. ib. 5, 19, 53;

v. alter: aliquis unus pluresve,

id. Rep. 1, 32, 48:

ne cui meae Longinquitas aetatis obstet mortemve exspectet meam,

Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 20:

eho, Mysis, puer hic unde est? quisve huc attulit?

id. And. 4, 4, 9:

si quando aut regi justo vim populus attulit regnove eum spoliavit, aut, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 42, 65:

decretumque, ut consules sortirentur conpararentve inter se, uter, etc.,

Liv. 24, 10, 2: quae civitates habent legibus sanctum, si quis quid de re publica a finitimis rumore ac famā acceperit, uti ad magistratum deferat, neve cum quo alio communicet, or (sc. it is ordered by law) that he shall not, etc., Caes. B. G. 6, 20.—

Esp. in neg. sentences, or questions implying a negat., = -que: nullum (membrum rei publicae) reperies perfecti, quod non fractum debilitatumve sit, Cic Fam. 5, 13, 3;

num leges nostras moresve novit?

id. Phil. 5, 5, 13.—

Repeated or with correl. part.

Ve... ve, either... or ( poet.):

corpora vertuntur: nec quod fuimusve sumusve, Cras erimus,

Ov. M. 15, 215:

nullaque laudetur plusve minusve mihi,

id. F. 5, 110; id. M. 11, 493:

illa tamen se Non habitu mutatve loco, peccatve superne,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 64.—

Ve... aut, either... or (very rare):

regnave prima Remi aut animos Carthaginis altae,

Prop. 2, 1, 23.

vē- (sometimes vae-) [perh. = Sanscr. vi-in-, vi-dha-va; Lat. vidua; but cf. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 3809, 135]; an inseparable particle denoting origin, out, which serves either to negative the positive idea lying in the simple word, or to strengthen a simple notion: vegrandis, small; vecors, senseless; vepallidus, very pale; ve-stigo, to search out; Vejovis, an anti-Jove; cf. Gell. 5, 12, 9 sqq.

vĕ [perh. from same root with vel, volo; but cf. Sanscr. va, or], or; leaving the choice free between two things or among several (always enclitic):

quid tu es tristis? quidve es alacris?

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 13:

telum tormentumve,

Caes. B. C. 3, 51; 3, 56:

lubidines iracundiaeve,

Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

albus aterve fueris, ignorans,

id. Phil. 2, 16, 41:

si id facis facturave es,

Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 13:

ne quid plus minusve faxit,

id. Phorm. 3, 3, 21:

ne quid plus minusve, quam sit necesse, dicat,

Cic. Fl. 5, 12:

duabus tribusve horis,

id. Phil. 14, 6, 16:

Appius ad me ex itinere bis terve litteras miserat,

id. Att. 6, 1, 2:

amici regis duo tresve perdivites sunt,

id. ib. 6, 1, 3:

cum eam (quercum) tempestas vetustasve consumpserit,

id. Leg. 1, 1, 2:

alter ambove, etc.,

id. ib. 5, 19, 53;

v. alter: aliquis unus pluresve,

id. Rep. 1, 32, 48:

ne cui meae Longinquitas aetatis obstet mortemve exspectet meam,

Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 20:

eho, Mysis, puer hic unde est? quisve huc attulit?

id. And. 4, 4, 9:

si quando aut regi justo vim populus attulit regnove eum spoliavit, aut, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 42, 65:

decretumque, ut consules sortirentur conpararentve inter se, uter, etc.,

Liv. 24, 10, 2: quae civitates habent legibus sanctum, si quis quid de re publica a finitimis rumore ac famā acceperit, uti ad magistratum deferat, neve cum quo alio communicet, or (sc. it is ordered by law) that he shall not, etc., Caes. B. G. 6, 20.—

Esp. in neg. sentences, or questions implying a negat., = -que: nullum (membrum rei publicae) reperies perfecti, quod non fractum debilitatumve sit, Cic Fam. 5, 13, 3;

num leges nostras moresve novit?

id. Phil. 5, 5, 13.—

Repeated or with correl. part.

Ve... ve, either... or ( poet.):

corpora vertuntur: nec quod fuimusve sumusve, Cras erimus,

Ov. M. 15, 215:

nullaque laudetur plusve minusve mihi,

id. F. 5, 110; id. M. 11, 493:

illa tamen se Non habitu mutatve loco, peccatve superne,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 64.—

Ve... aut, either... or (very rare):

regnave prima Remi aut animos Carthaginis altae,

Prop. 2, 1, 23.

vē- (sometimes vae-) [perh. = Sanscr. vi-in-, vi-dha-va; Lat. vidua; but cf. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 3809, 135]; an inseparable particle denoting origin, out, which serves either to negative the positive idea lying in the simple word, or to strengthen a simple notion: vegrandis, small; vecors, senseless; vepallidus, very pale; ve-stigo, to search out; Vejovis, an anti-Jove; cf. Gell. 5, 12, 9 sqq.

vērus, a, um, adj. [etym. dub.; cf. Zend var, believe; Sanscr. var, choose, wish], true, real, actual, genuine, etc. (opp. falsus, fictus).

Lit.:

secerni blandus amicus a vero et internosci tam potest adhibitā diligentiā, quam omnia fucata et simulata a sinceris atque veris,

Cic. Lael. 25, 95:

perspicere, quid in quāque re verum sincerumque sit,

id. Off. 2, 5, 18:

vera an falsa,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 19:

res vera (opp. ficta),

Cic. Lael. 7, 24:

verus ac germanus Metellus,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 147; cf.:

ipsus verus Harpax,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 111:

vera mea uxor,

id. As. 1, 1, 46 (dub.;

al. verum): color,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 27:

vultus,

id. And. 5, 1, 20:

via,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 17:

vera et perfecta amicitia,

Cic. Lael. 6, 22:

vera, gravis, solida gloria,

id. Phil. 5, 18, 50:

decus,

id. Rep. 6, 23, 25:

causa verissima,

id. Ac. 2, 4, 10:

virtus,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 29:

dolores,

id. Ep. 1, 17, 57:

amicus,

id. A. P. 425:

nati,

legitimate, Prop. 2, 9, 17:

verius ergo quid sit,

Mart. 8, 76, 7:

ut verum esset, suā voluntate sapientem descendere, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 6, 11:

id si ita est, ut, etc.... sin autem illa veriora, ut, etc.,

id. Lael. 4, 14.—

Subst.: vērum, i, n., what is true or real, the truth, the reality, the fact:

interesse oportet, ut inter rectum et pravum, sic inter verum et falsum,

Cic. Ac. 2, 11, 33:

notionem veri et falsi nullam habere,

id. ib.:

verum dicere,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 89; Ter. And. 2, 6, 6:

si simile veri quid invenerim,

Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66; id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:

si verum scire vis,

id. Att. 12, 41, 3:

si verum quaerimus,

id. Tusc. 2, 23, 55:

verum quidem si audire volumus,

id. Brut. 73, 256:

verum non libenter audire,

Mart. 8, 76, 8:

minor est tua gloria vero,

Ov. H. 15 (16), 143:

ut quid hujus veri sit, sciam,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 72; cf.:

non pervident quid sit in vero,

actually, really, Lact. 1, 17, 1.—So the freq. construction of the gen. veri with similis, similiter, and similitudo (by many also joined together [p. 1979] in one word, verisimilis, etc.):

narrationem jubent veri similem esse,

Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 80:

id quod veri simile occurrit,

id. Tusc. 2, 2, 5:

veri simillimum mihi videtur, quodam tempore, etc.,

id. Inv. 1, 3, 4:

veri similiora,

id. N. D. 1, 24, 66:

res similis veri,

Liv. 26, 38, 9:

simillimum veri,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 4, 11:

quod est magis verisimile,

Caes. B. G. 3, 13:

veri similiter fingere,

App. Mag. p. 293:

veri similius,

id. ib. and p. 312; Tert. Apol. 16:

veri similitudinem sequi,

Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 107; Sen. Ben. 4, 33, 2; genuine, Plin. 34, 7, 17, § 66; cf.

, in a reversed order: similitudo veri,

Cic. Part. Or. 11, 40; id. Univ. 3:

res facit controversiam aut de vero aut de recto aut de nomine,

respecting fact, id. Or. 34, 121:

nec procul a vero est, quod,

from the truth, Ov. Tr. 5, 6, 27:

ex vero positum permansit Equiria nomen,

id. F. 2, 859:

in vero esse,

to be true, Lact. 1, 11, 31; 1, 17, 1:

teneras aures mordaci radere vero,

Pers. 1, 107.— Plur.:

recta et vera loquere,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 7:

vera dico,

id. Am. 1, 1, 239; 2, 1, 12; 2, 2, 55 al.:

artem se tradere vera ac falsa dijudicandi,

Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 157:

qui species alias veris... caput (= alias ab iis quae verae sunt, Orell.),

Hor. S. 2, 3, 208:

adjecta veris credibilis rerum imago,

Quint. 4, 2, 123:

vis dicam tibi veriora veris?

Mart. 6, 30, 6.

Transf.

Like rectus, consonant with reason or good morals, i. e. right, proper, fitting, suitable, reasonable, just (class.):

ah, Idnest verum?

Ter. And. 4, 1, 5:

cum aliquid verum ac rectum esse dicitur,

Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34:

quod est rectum, verum quoque est,

id. ib. 2, 5, 11:

omnia recta, vera,

id. Tusc. 3, 27, 64:

lex vera atque princeps,

id. Leg. 2, 4, 10:

quibus peritia et verum ingenium est,

Sall. H. 1, 111 Dietsch:

ea, si vera existimare voles, maxume hortabuntur,

id. ib. 4, 61, 3 ib.:

nil Grosphus nisi verum orabit et aequum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 23.—

Esp., verum est, with subject-clause (so most freq. = aequum est, etc.):

neque verum esso, qui suos fines tueri non potuerint, alienos occupare,

Caes. B. G. 4, 8:

(Cato) negat verum esse, allici benevolentiam cibo,

Cic. Mur. 35, 74:

verum est, (agrum) habere eos, quorum sanguine ac sudore partus sit,

Liv. 2, 48, 2; 3, 40, 11; 24, 48, 11;

28, 13, 7: metiri se quemque suo modulo ac pede, verum est,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 98; id. S. 2, 3, 212:

verius esse, Ti. Sempronio imperium habenti tradi exercitum quam legato,

Liv. 35, 8, 6:

me verius unum Pro vobis foedus luere,

Verg. A. 12, 694: si verum est, with acc. and inf., if the view is correct, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 77; Liv. 30, 26, 7.— Rarely with ut:

praeclarum illud est, et, si quaeris, rectum quoque et verum, ut, etc.,

right and just, Cic. Tusc. 3, 29, 73:

si verum est, quod nemo dubitat, ut populus Romanus superarit, etc.,

Nep. Hann. 1, 1.—

Subst.: vērum, i, n., honor, duty:

in senatu parsilla, quae vero pretium aut gratiam anteferebat,

Sall. J. 16, 1.—

Speaking or containing the truth, true, veracious, = veridicus (rare):

sum verus?

Ter. And. 2, 5, 12:

vates,

Ov. H. 16, 123:

Apollinis os,

id. M. 10, 209:

judicium viri eruditissimi ac super ista verissimi,

Plin. Ep. 9, 25, 2; 2, 9, 4; cf.:

quo viro nihil firmius, nihil verius,

id. ib. 4, 22, 3:

verissimus et sapientissimus judex,

most conscientious, Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84.— Advv.

vērum.

Lit., truly, just so, certainly, doubtless, even so, yes, as a confirmatory reply (ante-class. and rare, while vero is classical; v. vero init.): So. Facies? Ch. Verum, Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 11; Plaut. As. 4, 2, 45. Ct. Men' quaerit? Sy. Verum, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 4; id. Eun. 2, 3, 56; 5, 6, 18.—

Transf.

In gen., as a strongly corroborative adversative particle, but in truth, but not with standing, but yet; and after negative clauses, but even, but:

merito maledicas mihi, si id ita factum est: Verum haud mentior, resque uti facta, dico,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 23; 1, 2, 22; Ter. And. prol. 4; id. Eun. 1, 2, 103; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 37:

in optimorum consiliis posita est civitatium salus: praesertim cum, etc.... Verum hunc optimum statum pravis hominum opinionibus eversum esse dicunt,

Cic. Rep. 1, 34, 51:

quod ejus (Hermagorae) peccatum reprehendendum videtur, verum brevi,

id. Inv. 1, 9, 12:

quae non dicunt, verum intellegi volunt,

Quint. 8, 5, 12:

sed nos non, quid nobis utile, verum quid oratori necessarium sit, quaerimus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 254: ea sunt omnia non a naturā, verum a magistro, id. Mur. 29, 61; Verg. E. 3, 35.—

In the construction non modo (solum, tantum)... verum etiam (quoque), not only... but also:

non modo agendo, verum etiam cogitando,

Cic. Cael. 19, 45; id. Verr. 2, 2, 66, § 161:

non solum naturā et moribus, verum etiam studio et doctrinā,

id. Lael. 2, 6:

non ingrato tantum, verum etiam invido et crudeli animo,

Just. 21, 6, 7:

servavit ab omni Non solum facto, verum opprobrio quoque turpi,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 84: non modo... verum ne... quidem, not only not... but not even, Cic. Rep. 3, 30, 42.—

In partic.

In a transition, but, yet, still (freq. and class.):

non edepol nunc, ubi terrarum sim scio, si quis roget... Ilicet, mandata eri perierunt una et Sosia, Verum certum'st confidenter hominem contra adloqui,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 183:

deinde hoc vobis confirmo, etc.... verum quod ego laboribus, etc.... me persecuturum esse polliceor, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 1, 17, 51: verum schemata lexeôs duorum sunt generum, Quint. 9, 3, 2:

verum etiamsi quis summa desperet,

id. 12, 11, 26:

verum veniat sane,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 31, § 76 et saep.—Strengthened by enim, vero, and (in class. prose) enimvero, but truly, but indeed:

verum enim, quando bene promeruit, fiat,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 47: verum vero inter offam atque herbam, ibi vero longum intervallum est, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 17, 1:

verum hercle vero,

Plaut. Curc. 3, 5:

si ullo in loco ejus provinciae frumentum tanti fuit, quanti, etc. Verum enim vero cum, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 194; so,

verum enim vero,

id. de Or. 3, 14, 54 N. cr.; Sall. C. 20, 10; Liv. 4, 4, 8.—

In breaking off the current of discourse (cf. sed), but however, but:

exspectabantur Calendae Januariae, fortasse non recte. Verum praeterita omittamus,

Cic. Phil. 5, 12, 31: verum quidem haec hactenus;

cetera quotiescumque voletis,

id. Tusc. 3, 34, 84:

sed hoc nihil ad me... Verum hoc (ut dixi) nihil ad me. Illud ad me, etc.,

id. de Or. 2, 32, 139.—

vērō, in truth, in fact, certainly, truly, to be sure, surely, assuredly:

eho, mavis vituperari falso, quam vero extolli?

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 21:

iste eum sese ait, qui non est, esse: et qui vero est negat,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 35: Tox. Amplectere sis. Lemn. Ego vero, id. Pers. 5, 1, 12; cf. Curt. 6, 3, 5: As. Ego non novi adulescentem vostrum. St. Veron'? As. Serio, Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 47:

veron' serio?

id. Merc. 4, 1, 19:

itane vero obturbat?

Ter. And. 5, 4, 23: Ch. Vah, gloriare evenisse ex sententiā? Sy. Non hercle vero, verum dico, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 18:

quod de domo scribis... ego vero tum denique mihi videbor restitutus, si, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 3; cf.

even at the beginning of a letter: ego vero cupio te ad me venire,

I do really wish, id. ib. 14, 16, 10; so,

ego vero vellem,

id. ib. 4, 6, 1:

cum effusis gaudio lacrimis cupere vero diceret, etc.,

Liv. 27, 19, 12; Plin. Ep. 9, 20, 1.—

Esp., in apodosis, tum vero: postea quam ad causam dicendam ventum est, tum vero sine metu omnes erant, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 29, § 70; Sall. J. 94, 3; Stat. Th. 1, 412; cf.

tum, III. B. 1.—Ironically: sane quia vero hae mihi patent semper fores,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 9:

multum vero haec eis jura profuerunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:

turpem vero actionem, etc.,

id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:

egregiam vero laudem refertis,

Verg. A. 4, 93.—With immo:

immo vero indignum facinus faxo ex me audies,

Ter. And. 5, 2, 13. —

In corroborative replies, yes, certainly, by all means, assuredly, etc. (class.; while verum in this sense is only ante-class.): De. An quid est etiam amplius? He. Vero amplius, Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 23; id. Eun. 3, 1, 12: M. Fuisti saepe, credo, in scholis philosophorum. A. Vero, ac libenter quidem, Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 26:

sed tu orationes nobis veteres explicabis? Vero, inquam, Brute,

id. Brut. 87, 300:

tu vero, inquam, Tite,

id. ib. 85, 292:

nos vero, inquit ille,

id. Fin. 4, 28, 80: M. Cadere, opinor, in sapientem aegritudinem tibi dixisti videri. A. Et vero ita existimo, id. Tusc. 3, 6, 12.—With immo, nay rather: De. Quin tu mi argentum cedo. Ph. Immo vero uxorem tu cedo, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 43:

sed da mihi nunc, satisne probas? Immo vero et haec, etc.,

Cic. Ac. 1, 3, 10:

immo vero, inquit, ii vivunt, qui, etc.,

id. Rep. 6, 14, 14: S. Quid domi? pluresne praesunt negotiis tuis? L. Immo vero unus, inquit, id. ib. 1, 39, 61.—And, to strengthen negative answers, joined with minime: S. Quid? totam domum num quis alter, praeter te, regit? L. Minime vero, Cic. Rep. 1, 39, 61; 3, 32, 44; id. Ac. 1, 1, 2; id. Off. 3, 6, 29 al.—

In urgent or encouraging expostulation, but, though, however, etc.: Ni. Cape hoc tibi aurum, Chrysale, i, fer filio. Ch. Non equidem accipiam. Ni. Cape vero:

odiose facis,

take it though, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 139:

respice vero,

id. Ep. 1, 1, 3:

ostende vero,

id. ib. 5, 2, 58:

minue vero iram,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 88.—

To indicate a climax, even, indeed:

neque solum in tantis rebus, sed etiam in mediocribus vel studiis vel officiis, vel vero etiam negotiis contemnendum,

Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 4:

quod cum tam multi homines audissent, statim ad me defertur: immo vero, ut quisque me viderat, narrabat,

id. Verr. 1, 7, 19:

nec vero jam meo nomine abstinent,

id. Rep. 1, 3, 6:

neque vero id satis habuit,

Nep. Epam. 4, 5.—

Transf., as a strongly corroborative adversative particle, but in fact, but indeed, however (always placed after a word):

ne T. quidem Postumius contemnendus in dicendo: de re publicā vero non minus vehemens orator, quam bellator fuit,

Cic. Brut. 77, 269:

non vero tam isti (sc. mortui sunt) quam tu ipse, nugator,

id. Sen. 9, 27:

dixisti non auxilium mihi, sed me auxilio defuisse. Ego vero fateor hercule, quod viderim mihi auxilium non deesse, idcirco me illi auxilio pepercisse,

id. Planc. 35, 86; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:

ubi per exploratores Caesar certior factus est, tres jam copiarum partes Helvetios id flumen transduxisse, quartam vero partem citra flumen Ararim reliquam esse,

Caes. B. G. 1, 12.—In transitions:

age vero ceteris in rebus quali sit temperantiā, considerate,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14, 40:

nec vero tibi de versibus respondebo,

id. Phil. 2, 8, 20.—

vērē, according to truth, truly, really, in fact; properly, rightly, aright:

hoc quom fit, ibi non vere vivitur,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 102 Fleck.:

honestum, quod proprie vereque dicitur, id in sapientibus est solis,

Cic. Off. 3, 3, 13:

quis putare vere potest, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 17, 28:

vere ducere,

id. ib. 1, 38, 60:

verene hoc memoriae proditum est? etc.,

id. ib. 2, 15, 28:

immo, si vere volumus dicere, jam incohavit bellum,

Liv. 41, 23, 13:

omnia vere vates locuta est,

Verg. A. 6, 188:

vere an dolo,

Spart. Sev. 5.— Comp.:

libentius quam verius,

Cic. Mil. 29, 78:

Ligures latrones verius quam justi hostes,

Liv. 40, 27, 10.— Sup.:

verissime loquor,

Cic. Att. 5, 21, 7:

verissime dicere,

id. Rep. 2, 4, 8.