-
101 ἀσκηρά
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: εἶδός τι τῶν καστανίων H.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Page in Frisk: --Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀσκηρά
-
102 ἀτμήν
ἀτμήν, - ένοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `servant, slave' (Call.).Other forms: ἄτμενος m. (Archil.)Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Unknown; perhaps Anatolian s. Fraenkel Gnomon 21, 39; Debrunner GGA 1910, 6f. The variation τ\/δ may also be typical of a substr. word. Fur. 179 (also 95) adduces λατμενεία δουλεία H. (other instances of λ-\/zero p. 392).Page in Frisk: 1,179Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀτμήν
-
103 αὔξω
Grammatical information: v.Other forms: ἀέξω (Il.), αὐξάνω (Ion.-Att.), aor. αὐξῆσαι. [Unhappily, αὔξω and αὐξάνω are not treated separately in LSJ.]Derivatives: αὔξησις (ion. att.). - αὐξίς, - ίδος f. `young of the tunny' (Phryn. Com.; Strömberg Fischnamen 127).Etymology: PIE root * h₂eug-, h₂ueg- with -s- (prob. in origin only pres.). Without -s- we have Lat. augeo, Goth. aukan, Lith. áugti `wachsen' (acute through the -g-, Winter's Law). s-stem in Lat. augus-tus, Skt. ójas- n. `strength'. Toch. B auks-, A oks- `grow', perhaps in Lat. auxilia n. pl. `reinforcements', Lith. áukštas `high'. * h₂weg- in Germ., e. g. Goth. wahsjan, Skt. vakṣáyati `make grow', Av. vaxš- `id'. Perhaps Lat. vegeo is the s-less form (with long vowel Skt. vā́ja- m. `strength', Goth. wokrs m. `gain, interest'), for which Iranian, e.g. OP vazraka- `big', shows palatal ǵ (depalat. after u ?). Zero grade * ug-s- in Skt. pres. ptc. úkṣant-, ukṣámāṇa- and Av. pres. uxšyeiti `grows'; without -s Skt. and Av. ugrá- `big, stong'. - On the ablaut cf. ἀλκ-ή: ἀλέξ-ω.Page in Frisk: 1,187-188Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > αὔξω
-
104 αὖος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `dry' (Il.).Dialectal forms: Att. αὗοςDerivatives: αὐονή (Archil.), cf. καλλονή, ἡδονή (Schwyzer 490, Chantr. Form. 207). - αὐαλέος `id.' (Hes.) like ἀζαλέος a. o.; also αὐσόν ξηρόν H. with s-Suffix as in ῥυσός, γαυσός etc. (Schwyzer 516, Chantr. Form. 454). On αὐσταλέος, αὐστηρός s. below. - Denom. verb: αὐαίνω, αὑαίνω (comp. with ἀπ-, ἀφ-, κατ-, καθ-αυαίνω) `dry'; αὐασμός `ds.' (Hp.; Schwyzer 493, Chantr. 141f.; αὑαψή s.v.. - αὕω ξηραίνω (Hdn.; also ἀφαύει Ar. Eq. 394, which Solmsen Unt. 277 corrects in ἀφᾱνεῖ) looks like a primary verb, but may be denom. (Schwyzer 723). Two adj. with related meaning: αὐσταλέος `dried up' (Od.; cf. αὑαλέος above and Bechtel Lex. s. v.) and αὐστηρός `hard' (Hp.) presuppose a verbal adj.(?) *αὖστος; but cf. the synonym καύστ-ειρα.Etymology: αὖος, αὗος is cognate with Lith. saũsas, OCS suxъ, OE sēar, which suggest PIE *saũsos `dry'. (Skt. śoṣa- (assimilated from *soṣa-) m. `the making dry' is secondary. Uncertain Alb. ʮaj `dry', Demiraj, Alb. Etym.) Zero grade * sus- in Skt. śúṣ-ka- (\< *suṣ-ka-) = Av. huška-, OP. uška- `dry' (perh. also in Lat. sūdus `dry, bright' \< * suz-d-). From this form verbs like Skt. śúṣ-yati, Latv. sust `become dry'. - Lubotsky (KZ 98, 1985, 1 - 10) argues that the Greek form goes back on * h₂sus-, as is shown by ἀυσταλέος, which has five syllables. He thinks it was a perfect ptc. of * h₂es- `be dry' (not `burn, glow'), seen in ἄζω and Lat. āreō (with redupl. * h₂e-h₂s-). Balto-Slavic and Germanic derive from * h₂sous- with sec. o-grade. This also solves the problem that PIE had no *a. -- S. also αὐχμός.Page in Frisk: 1,188-189Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > αὖος
-
105 αὔριον
Grammatical information: adv.Meaning: `tomorrow' (Il.).Derivatives: αὐρίζειν ῥιγοῦν καὶ τὸ εἰς αὔριον ὑπερτίθεσθαι (H.).Etymology: - From *αὖρι, an old locativ of an r-stem, (after σήμερον?) Also in ἄγχ-αυ-ρος ( νύξ) `near the morning' (A. R. 4, 111)? One considers this form as a `modification'(?) of *ἀγχ-αύριος, itself from the expression ἄγχι τῆς αὔριον. If αὔριον comes from *αὔσρι-ον (Schwyzer 282 and 349) cf. Lith. aušr-à `dawn'. With zero grade Skt. usr-á- `morning-'. See ἠϊκανός; also ἕως.Page in Frisk: 1,189-190Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > αὔριον
-
106 αὐτόματος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `self-acting, spontaneous' (Il.).Etymology: Old formation from αὐτός and the zero grade of the root of μέ-μον-α, μέ-μα-μεν, μέν-ος (s. vv.). - ματος agrees with the second element of Lat. com-mentus, and with Skt. matá-, Lith. miñtas `thought' etc. Cf. Chantr. Form. 303f., Schwyzer 502f..Page in Frisk: 1,191Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > αὐτόματος
-
107 ἀφύσσω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `draw' liquids (Il.).Other forms: Also ἀφύω in ἐξ-αφύοντες (ξ 95), ἐξαφύουσιν ἐξαντλήσουσιν H.; aor. ἀφύσ(σ)αι, fut. ἀφύξωDerivatives: ἄφυσσαν την κοτύλην \< παρὰ\> Ταραντίνοις H. Also ἀφύστα κοτύλη, στάμνος H. and ἀφυτρίς (cod. ἀφύτρις) ἀρύταινα (cod. ἅρπαινα) H. Uncertain κατηνδράφυξας· κατέκτεινας H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Uncertain. The present ἀφύσσω is probably derived from the aorist (Schwyzer 717), as is ἀφύω (Debrunner Mus. Helv. 2, 199). Oehler (s. Schulze Q. 311) explains the form as ἀφ + υσ-, zero grade of αὑσ-, in 2. αὔω `fetch fire', Lat. haurīre (* h₂(e)us-), which is quite possible.Page in Frisk: 1,197-198Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀφύσσω
-
108 ἄχνυμαι
ἄχνυμαι, ἄχομαιGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `grieve, lament for' (Il.).Other forms: Ptc. also ἀχεύων, ἀχέων (Il.; s. below); aor. ἀκαχέσθαι, ἀκαχεῖν, ἀκαχῆσαι, perf. ἀκάχημαι ( ἀκηχεμένη m.c.?). ἄχομαι twice (Od.).Derivatives: Pres. ἀκαχίζομαι, - ίζω ; ἀχνάσδημι (Alk. 81), for a verb in - άζω from *ἄχνημι, *ἄχναμαι (beside ἄχνυμαι, s. Schwyzer 693 A. 4, 716 Mom. 4). - Old is ἄχος n. `sadness, pain' (Il.); ἀχνύς, - ύος f. (Kall.) after ἄχνυμαι.Etymology: With ἄχος agree Goth. agis n., OE. ege m. `fear', though there is difference in meaning. Further Goth. ptc. un-agands `fearless' (them. like ἄχομαι). - Pret.-pres. Goth. ōg `I feared' like OIr. ad-āgor id. (both from IE ā or ō) confirm zero grade in ἄχνυμαι. - In ἀχεύων we have an athematic participle, prob. from the aorist-stem (aor. *ἠ᾽χευ-α), beside pres. ἄχ-ν-υ-μαι. For ἀχέων: ἄχος cf. κρατέων ; κράτος, s. Schwyzer 696 β, 724 A.1. ἀχεύων not from *ἀχεύ-ι̯ων. S. Strunk, Nasalpräs. 105ff.Page in Frisk: 1,202-203Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄχνυμαι
-
109 ἄχομαι
ἄχνυμαι, ἄχομαιGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `grieve, lament for' (Il.).Other forms: Ptc. also ἀχεύων, ἀχέων (Il.; s. below); aor. ἀκαχέσθαι, ἀκαχεῖν, ἀκαχῆσαι, perf. ἀκάχημαι ( ἀκηχεμένη m.c.?). ἄχομαι twice (Od.).Derivatives: Pres. ἀκαχίζομαι, - ίζω ; ἀχνάσδημι (Alk. 81), for a verb in - άζω from *ἄχνημι, *ἄχναμαι (beside ἄχνυμαι, s. Schwyzer 693 A. 4, 716 Mom. 4). - Old is ἄχος n. `sadness, pain' (Il.); ἀχνύς, - ύος f. (Kall.) after ἄχνυμαι.Etymology: With ἄχος agree Goth. agis n., OE. ege m. `fear', though there is difference in meaning. Further Goth. ptc. un-agands `fearless' (them. like ἄχομαι). - Pret.-pres. Goth. ōg `I feared' like OIr. ad-āgor id. (both from IE ā or ō) confirm zero grade in ἄχνυμαι. - In ἀχεύων we have an athematic participle, prob. from the aorist-stem (aor. *ἠ᾽χευ-α), beside pres. ἄχ-ν-υ-μαι. For ἀχέων: ἄχος cf. κρατέων ; κράτος, s. Schwyzer 696 β, 724 A.1. ἀχεύων not from *ἀχεύ-ι̯ων. S. Strunk, Nasalpräs. 105ff.Page in Frisk: 1,202-203Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄχομαι
-
110 ἄχρι
ἄχρι, ἄχριςGrammatical information: adv., prep., conj.Meaning: `to the uttermost; as far as, until, as long as' (Il.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [702] *me-ǵʰsri `near, until'Page in Frisk: 1,203Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄχρι
-
111 ἄχρις
ἄχρι, ἄχριςGrammatical information: adv., prep., conj.Meaning: `to the uttermost; as far as, until, as long as' (Il.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [702] *me-ǵʰsri `near, until'Page in Frisk: 1,203Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄχρις
-
112 βάπτω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `immerse, so as to temper or colour' (Od.).Other forms: Aor. βάψαιDerivatives: 1. βαφή `dipping, temper, dye' (Ion.-Att.); 2. βάμμα `dye' (Pl.); 3. βάψις `id' (Antiph.). - βαφεύς `dyer' (Pl.), βαφεῖον (Str.). - βαπτίζω. Metathesis in βιπτάζω (Epich.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Generally considered a yod-present like ON kvefja `press down, immerse, choke' (OSwed. kvaf n. `depth'). But in this way the - α- cannot be explained. ( βύπτειν βαπτίζειν H. after δύπτειν (s. δύω) or κύπτειν (not zero grade as Schwyzer).Page in Frisk: 1,218-219Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βάπτω
-
113 βδάλλω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `milk (cows)' (Pl.).Other forms: mostly present (rare aorists βδάλας, βδήλαιο). Also βδέλλω (sch. Theocr. 11, 34). Cf. βδέλλα `leech'.Derivatives: βδάλσις `suction' (Gal.). Difficult βδαλοί ῥαφίδες (`garfish, Belone acus') θαλάσσιαι. καὶ φλέβες κρισσώδεις (`varicose veins') H. (not a mistake for βελόνη); βελλαι `id.' H., misread for βδαλοί, or a variant of *βδελλαι?.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: That βδάλλω looks like a zero grade of βδέλλ-(α) is no doubt deceptive. The meaning `leech' and the group βδ- show that it is a Pre-Gr. word, as does the - λλ- (perh. bdaly-, or *byaly-). If βδαλοί does belong here, it shows Pre-Gr. - λλ\/λ-.Page in Frisk: 1,229Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βδάλλω
-
114 βιδυιοι
Grammatical information: m.pl.Meaning: `overseer', designation of Spartan officials, overseeing the male youth (Laconia, Messenia [IIa], Paus.).Etymology: From *Ϝιδυσ-ι̯οι, i. e. the zero grade of the perf. ptc. εἰδώς; cf. Hom. Ϝιδυῖα (s. οἶδα). Cf. the Myc. name widowoijo. Further Att. ἰδῦ(ῖ)οι συνίστορες, μάρτυρες (Solon ap. Ar. fr. 222); and ἰδυῖοι... οἱ τὰς φονικὰς δίκας κρὶνοντες H. - The form with - ε- is not well explained, s. Bechtel, Gr. Dial. 2, 355ff. On βι-, βει- cf. Bourguet, Laconien 97 n. 3. A parallel formation was seen in βέβαιος, hardly correctly.Page in Frisk: 1,236-237Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βιδυιοι
-
115 βιδυοι
Grammatical information: m.pl.Meaning: `overseer', designation of Spartan officials, overseeing the male youth (Laconia, Messenia [IIa], Paus.).Etymology: From *Ϝιδυσ-ι̯οι, i. e. the zero grade of the perf. ptc. εἰδώς; cf. Hom. Ϝιδυῖα (s. οἶδα). Cf. the Myc. name widowoijo. Further Att. ἰδῦ(ῖ)οι συνίστορες, μάρτυρες (Solon ap. Ar. fr. 222); and ἰδυῖοι... οἱ τὰς φονικὰς δίκας κρὶνοντες H. - The form with - ε- is not well explained, s. Bechtel, Gr. Dial. 2, 355ff. On βι-, βει- cf. Bourguet, Laconien 97 n. 3. A parallel formation was seen in βέβαιος, hardly correctly.Page in Frisk: 1,236-237Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βιδυοι
-
116 βλίττω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `cut out the comb of bees' (Arist.).Page in Frisk: 1,245Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βλίττω
-
117 βλώσκω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `go, come' (Il.).Other forms: Aor. μολεῖν, ἔβλω ἐφάνη, ὤχετο, ἔστη; fut. μολοῦμαι ( βλῶξαι, βλώξω Lyc.), perf. μέμβλωκα ( βέβλωκε ἠρεμεῖ, φύεται H.)Compounds: κατα-, προ-, ἐκ- etc. αὑτόμολος `deserter' (Hdt.); ἀγχίμολον ( ἦλθε, Il.), old absolutive Wackernagel, Mus. Helv. 1, 226ff.; ἀγχιβλώς ἄρτι παρών H.Etymology: Pres. βλώσκω \< *μλώ-σκω (cf. μολ-εῖν, μέ-μβλω-κα) from *ml̥h₃-sk- is clear. The aor. stem βλω- will have the same origin, with the zero grade from the plural. The nominal forms with - μολ- will have o-grade, * molh₃-. The aor. stem μολ-ε\/ο- is explained from metathesis in *μελο-μ, -ς, -τ \< * melh₃-. Harðarson, Wurzelaorist 169f, 224f, also assumes stressed l̥h₃ \> ολο, which is doubtful; the existence of a development μλω- (in ἔβλω) beside μολο- is improbable. I would expect *l̥h₃ \> αλ, which was replaced by ολ after the predominant o-vocalism. The metathesis is not an independent phonetic development, but part of this process of morphological reorganisation. - Outside Greek perhaps in Slavic, e.g. Serb. iz-mòlīti *`let come out', i.e. `show', Slov. molíti `hinstrecken, hinhalten'. - Uncertain Toch. A mlosk-, mlusk- `escape' (B mlutk ?). - Connection with μέλλω is phonetically improbable (because of the laryngeal), with μολεύω `cut off and transplant the shoots of trees' is semantically impossible.Page in Frisk: 1,246-247Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βλώσκω
-
118 βόλβιτον
Grammatical information: n.Other forms: - ος m. (Thphr.), βόλβιθος (PMag. Par.; after σπύραθος, σπέλεθος ?, s. Chantr. Form. 367); also βόλιτον, - ος (Cratin.); βόλβιτα ἀφόδευμα βοός H. (i.e. βόλβις), βόλβυθον τὸ αὐτό H.Derivatives: βολίτινος (Ar.); βολίταινα cuttle fish, which smells badly (Arist.), also βολβίτιον (Gal.) and βολβίς (Epich.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: "The usual assumption that βόλιτον arose from βόλβιτον through progressive dissimilation, is hardly convincing" (Frisk). But that βόλβιτον is euphemistical through the influence of βολβός (Frisk) is not very convincing either. To derive βόλιτον from βάλλω, βόλος, and βολεών `Düngerhaufen' leaves the formation unexplained. It is much more natural to assume variation in a Pre-Greek word, which is confirmed by the fact that the suffix - ιτον is known from there (Fur. 163; further 180, 187; further the θ and the υ are typical variations. I wonder whether the variation β\/zero, to which Furnée devotes a chapter, derived from a labial [l]: * balʷ-it-, on which see αὖλαξ and Beekes, Pre-Greek. - The discussions in Frisk and DELG are examples of the wrong approach of Pre-Greek words: explaining away the characteristics of Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,249Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βόλβιτον
-
119 βρέχω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `wet, drench' (Hp.).Derivatives: βροχή `rain, moistening, inundation' (Democr.), βροχετός (AP), βροχμός, βρέγμα (Erot.). - βροχίς `ink-horn' (AP), βρόχιον `id.' (Pap.).Etymology: Connected with Latv. merguôt `rain slowly', merga `soft rain', Russ. morosítь `rain slowly', which can go back on * mergʰ-, morgʰ- (Trautmann, Balt.-slav. Wb. 182); βρεχω would require * mregʰ- (cf. on βρέφος; sec. full grade on the basis of zero grade *βραχ-?). There is a difference in meaning, which seems no decisive obstacle; complicated theory by Fraenkel, Glotta 12 (1914)1f. Cf. βρύχιος.Page in Frisk: 1,267Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βρέχω
-
120 βυνέω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `stuff full of' (Hdt.)Other forms: also βύνω (Hdt.), βύζω (Aret., H.), βύω, aor. βῦσαι, fut. βύσω; βέβυσμαι (Od.), ἐβύσθην, ( παρά)βυστος,Derivatives: βύσμα `plug' (Hp.), βύστρα `id.' (Antiph.); adv. βύζην (\< *βύσ-δην, s. below) `closely' (Hp.), with βυζόν πυκνόν, συνετόν, γαῦρον δε καὶ μέγα H. - Also βυλλά βεβυσμένα H., with denomin. βεβυλλῶσθαι βεβύσθαι H. - Fur. 213 n. 54 suggests that βουνός στιβάς (`mattress'), Κύπριοι H. is derived from βυνέω.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Like κυνέω, βυνέω could continue a nasal present *βυ-νέ-σ-ω, with βῡν- from zero grade βυν-σ-? (3. Pl. *βύνσοντι, from there διαβύνεται Hdt. 2, 96?, s. Schwyzer 692); the verb would then be of high antiquity. Possible also *βυσ-νέω with seondary - έω. - One compares Alb. m-bush `fill', further Celtic and Germanic words for `pouch', e.g. MIr. búas (\< * bousto-), ON posi, OE posa, OHG pfoso, PGm. *pŭsan- (\< *bŭson-); further e.g. OSw. pusin `swollen'; but Alb. m-bush and MIr. búas may also have PIE * bh-. One then refers to b(h)u, p(h)u in Pok. 98ff., but this material needs screening; also such forms may be re-created at any time. Cf. βυβός, βουβών, βύτανα.Page in Frisk: 1,276-277Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βυνέω
См. также в других словарях:
zéro — [ zero ] n. m. • 1485; empr., pour remplacer l a. fr. cifre « zéro », puis « chiffre », à l it. zero, d ab. zefiro, transcription de l ar. sifr « vide; zéro »; cf. chiffre 1 ♦ Symbole numéral (0) destiné à remplacer, dans la numération écrite,… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Zero (disambiguation) — Zero is the name for both the digit 0 and the number 0.Zero may also refer to:Mathematics*Zero (complex analysis), in mathematics, a root of a holomorphic function *Zero element, in mathematics, a generalization of the number zero to other… … Wikipedia
Zero-point energy — is the lowest possible energy that a quantum mechanical physical system may have; it is the energy of its ground state. All quantum mechanical systems undergo fluctuations even in their ground state and have an associated zero point energy, a… … Wikipedia
Zero waste — is a philosophy that aims to guide people in the redesign of their resource use system with the aim of reducing waste to zero. Put simply, zero waste is an idea to extend the current ideas of recycling to form a circular system where as much… … Wikipedia
Zero No Tsukaima — ゼロの使い魔 (Le Familier du Zéro) Genre Comédie romantique, Aventure … Wikipédia en Français
Zero no Tsukaima — ゼロの使い魔 (Le Familier du Zéro) Genre Comédie romantique, Aventure … Wikipédia en Français
Zero no tsukaima — ゼロの使い魔 (Le Familier du Zéro) Genre Comédie romantique, Aventure … Wikipédia en Français
Zero — puede referise a: Cero Zero, canción de la banda estadounidense Smashing Pumpkins. El Mitsubishi A6M un caza embarcado empleado por la Armada Imperial Japonesa desde 1940 hasta 1945. La revista española Zero de estilos de vida dirigida al público … Wikipedia Español
Zero-K — Developer(s) See Credits Engine Spring … Wikipedia
Zero-based numbering — is numbering in which the initial element of a sequence is assigned the index 0, rather than the index 1 as is typical in everyday circumstances. Under zero based numbering, the initial element is sometimes termed the zeroth element, rather than… … Wikipedia
Zero tolerance — policies are studied in criminology and are common in formal and informal policing systems around the world.Fact|date=December 2007 The policies also appear in informal situations where there may be sexual harassment or Internet misuse in… … Wikipedia
