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21 δίω
δίω, ipf. δίε, δίον, mid. subj. δίηται, δίωνται, opt. δίοιτο: act., intrans., flee, Il. 22.251; fear, be afraid; mid., causative, scare or drive away; of the hound, οὔ τι φύγεσκε κνώδαλον ὅττι δίοιτο, that he ‘started,’ ‘chased,’ Od. 17.317; ἐπεί κ' ἀπὸ ναῦφι μάχην ἐνοπήν τε δίηται, ‘repel,’ Il. 16.246.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > δίω
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22 γναθμός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `jaw' (Hom.)Derivatives: PN of a parasite Γνάθων, with Γναθώνειος, Γναθωνίδης, Γναθωνάριον (Plu.). Denom. γναθόω `hit the jaw' (Phryn. Com.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: γναθμός from γνάθος after λαιμός, βρεχμός, ὀφθαλμός. - Always compared with Lith. žándas `id.', Latv. zuôds `chin, sharp side'; the Lith. acute was explained from a laryngeal, which is impossible for Greek; it can also have been caused by a following d (Winter-Kortlandt law). A preform *gn̥h₂dʰ- would have given *γνᾱθος, *gn̥h₂edʰ- *γαναθος; so a laryngeal is impossible for Greek, nor can - να- be derived from any other PIE form. (The Lithuanian form, which has a quite different structure, cannot be cognate.) The form must therefore be non-IE, i.e. Pre-Greek. Further connection with γένυς is improbable, as this is IE. Macedonian κάναδοι σιαγόνες, γνάθοι H. has also often been compared; this may well be cognate, as a Pre-Greek form; does it stand for *κναδοι? (with epenthesis? for which see Fur. 378); it has also been connected with κνώδων, κνώδαλον.Page in Frisk: 1,316Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > γναθμός
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23 κίναδος
κίναδος, - εοςGrammatical information: n.Meaning: Sicil. word fr `fox' (Call. Com. 1 D., sch. Theoc. 5, 25), `beast, monster' (Democr. 259), of people `cunning rogue' (Att.); acc. to H. = θηρίον, ὄφις;Derivatives: Diminutive κινάδιον (Harp.). PN Κινάδης, Κινάδων (Bechtel, Pers.namen 582). κινάδ-ρα ἀλώπηξ H.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Page in Frisk: 1,853Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κίναδος
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24 -κναίω
- κναίωGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `scrape, scratch', only with prefix, δια-, ἀπο-, ἐκ-, κατα-κναίω (Hp., Trag. in lyr., Att.);Other forms: also as simplex, Att. inf. κνῆ-ν, κνῆ-σθαι, 1. a. 3. sg. pres. κνῶ, κνῃ̃, ipf. ἐπὶ... κνῆ (Λ 639), also κνᾶ-ν (Hdt.), κνᾶ-σθαι, κνᾳ̃ (hell.); further κνήθω, also with κατα-, ἐν-, ἐπι- a. o. (Arist., hell.). Non-pres. forms: 1. - κναῖσαι, - κναισθῆναι, - κναίσω, - κεκναισμένος (Ar., E. in lyr., Pl.,Theoc.); more usual (as simpl. a. comp.) 2. κνῆσαι, Dor. opt. midd. (Theoc.) κνάσαιο, κνησθῆναι, κνήσω, κέκνησμαι (IA.).Derivatives: Action nouns: 1. κνῆσις `scratching, tickling' (Pl.) with κνησιάω `desire to tickle' (Ar., Pl.), also κνηστιάω `id.' (Gal., Jul.; after the verbs in - τιάω) and κνηθιάω `id.' (Hdn., EM; after κνήθω, cf. Schwyzer 732). 2. κνῆσμα (rarely κνῆμα) `id.' (Hp., X.); 3. κνησμονή `id.' (medic.; πῆμα: πημονή etc.); 4. κνησμός `id.' (Hp., Arist.) with κνησμώδης `affected with itching' (Hp., Arist., Str.). 5. κνηθμός `itching' (Nic.). - Agent nouns and instruments: 6. κνῆστις f. (from *κνήστης m.) `knife for scratching, cheese-grater' (Λ 640, Nic., Opp.), also `spine' (κ 161; cf. ἄκνηστις s.v.); diff. on κνῆστις z. B. Fraenkel Glotta 4, 41ff., Benveniste Noms d'agent 77; 7. κνηστήρ `scratching knife' (Nic.). 8. κνηστίς -ίδος f. `hollow hair-pin' (Plu.). 9. κνῆστρον `stinging plant, Daphne oleoides, θυμελαία' (Hp., Dsc.); κνηστρίον `scraper', ( Edict. Diocl.). - Adj. 10. κνηστικός `scratching, itching' (Sch.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Of the presents κναίειν, κνῆν, κνήθειν the last can be an innovation to κνῆ-σαι etc. after πλῆ-σαι: πλή-θ-ω, λῆ-σαι: λήθ-ω a. o. The pair κνῆν: κναίειν agrees with the semantically close ψῆν: ψαίειν. - One compares several words with initial IE. * k(e)n- but with different forms, which is not surprising in view of the emotional value of expressions for `scratch, grate'. With κνῆ-ν (prob. orig. athematic; Schwyzer 675f., Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 297 a. 307) from IE. * knē- agree best in Baltic and Germanic Lith. kn(i)ó-tis `peek (oneself) off, get loose', OHG nuoen `make smooth by scratching, fit exactly' (with OHG hnuo `joint, groove' etc.) from IE. * knō-? (cf. κνώ-δ-αλον?), perh. * knā- as in Alb. krromë `scab, mange' form IE. *knā-mn̥ (Gr. κνῆμα is independent). Lat. cnāsonas however, acc. pl. `scratching nails' (Paul. Fest. 52) from hell. *κνά̄σων `scratcher' ( κνᾶσαι ὀλέσαι, λυπῆσαι H.); cf. Leumann Sprache 1, 207. - The - αι- in κναίω however has no direct counterpart (Lith. knaisýti is secondary to knìsti `scratch', s. κνίζω). Connecting κνῆ-ν and κναί-ειν to an old paradigma (* knē[i]-mi: knǝi-mé (Schwyzer 676; cf. Specht Ursprung 325; the last form is impossible since the laryngeal theory) is quite hypothetical. - Cf. κνίζω, κνύω, κνάπτω; κνώδαλον, κνήφη, κνέωρος and κόνις; s. Pok. 559ff., Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. knablỹs. - Strangely enough it has not been proposed that the words could well be Pre-Greek; the meaning makes this quite possible; the connections in Pok. 599 are far from convincing. Cf. also κναδάλλεται κνήθεται H., with which compare γνάφαλλον, γνόφαλον, which are clearly Pre-Greek (s.s.v. κνάπτω); is κναδ- a variant of κνηθ-? For κναδ- no PIE prefrom can be reconstructed (cf. on γνάθος). Note that Kuiper assumed that words with kn- in Germanic were prob. substrate, NOWELE 25 (1995) 68 a.70. The formation of κνήσων (and the Latin loan cnāsōn- cited above) seems non-IE; cf. DELG s.v. Also the formation of a verb in - αίω is unknown.Page in Frisk: 1,880-881Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > -κναίω
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25 κνώψ
κνώψ, κνωπόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: a wild animal, of snakes a. o. (Nic. Th.).Derivatives: κνωπεύς ἄρκτος. ἔνιοι κνουπεύς (H.; cf. Boßhardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 85). Here also κυνοῦπες ἄρκτος (for - οι?). Μακεδόνες H. Further also κινώπετον `poisonous animal, snake'.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Not a cross of κνώδαλον and another word ( κλώψ, κνίψ, σήψ). Acc. to Fick 3, 97 and Persson Beitr. 1, 139 to OWNo. ( hnafa), pret. hnōf `cut off'. Wrong Baunack Phil. 70, 456f. With sec. vowel also prob. κινώπετον. The variant forms point to a Pre-Greek word. On sec. vowels in Pre-Greek Fur. 383f.Page in Frisk: 1,888Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κνώψ
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26 κνωπός
κνώψ, κνωπόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: a wild animal, of snakes a. o. (Nic. Th.).Derivatives: κνωπεύς ἄρκτος. ἔνιοι κνουπεύς (H.; cf. Boßhardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 85). Here also κυνοῦπες ἄρκτος (for - οι?). Μακεδόνες H. Further also κινώπετον `poisonous animal, snake'.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Not a cross of κνώδαλον and another word ( κλώψ, κνίψ, σήψ). Acc. to Fick 3, 97 and Persson Beitr. 1, 139 to OWNo. ( hnafa), pret. hnōf `cut off'. Wrong Baunack Phil. 70, 456f. With sec. vowel also prob. κινώπετον. The variant forms point to a Pre-Greek word. On sec. vowels in Pre-Greek Fur. 383f.Page in Frisk: 1,888Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κνωπός
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27 πάρδαλις
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `pardel, panther, leopard' (Il.); also as name of a fish of prey (Ael., Opp.; after the colour, Strömberg Fischn. 107), of a bird, perh. `red-backed shrike, Lanius' (Thompson Birds s.v.; Arist. [- λος], H.).Compounds: Some compp., e.g. παρδαλή-φορος `borne by a p.' (S. Fr.11), καμηλο-πάρδαλις f. `giraffe' (Agatharch., LXX).Derivatives: παρδαλ-έη, - έα, -ῆ f. `pelt of a panther' (Il.), - ια n. pl. `panthers' (Arist.), - ιδεύς m. `young p.' (Eust.; Bosshardt 79), - ε(ι)ος `belonging to the p., p.-like' (Arist.), - ώδης `p.-like' (Ath.), - ωτός `spotted like a p.' (Luc.). -- πάρδος m. `id.' (Ael. NA 1,31 [v.l. πάρδαλος]); as 2. member in λεόπαρδος, s.v. Formation like δάμαλις; further remote κνώδαλον, ἔταλον, ἴξαλος a.o.Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Iran.XEtymology: LW [loanword] from unknown oriental source. Here belong a.o. several Iranian words for `panther, leopard', e.g. Sogd. pwrđnk, Pashto pṛāng, NP. palang; from Iran. prob. Skt. (lex.) pr̥dāku- m. `id.'. With late and rare πάρδος agrees Lat. pardus (Lucan.), which can be a Lat. backformation from πάρδαλις (so πάρδος from Lat.?). From Lat. pardus, πάρδος Russ. pardus `panther'; besides also Russ. bars `id.' (from Turcotatar.). Details w. lit. in W.-Hofmann, Mayrhofer, Vasmer s. vv. and in Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 2, 147. -- Cf. πάνθηρ. H's statement that πόρδαλις is the male, πάρδαλις the female, will be a sec. distinction.Page in Frisk: 2,473Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πάρδαλις
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28 πάσσαλος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `plug, pin, peg, to hang sth. up to' (Il.).Other forms: Att. πάτταλος.Derivatives: Dimin. πασσαλ-ίσκος (Hp.) and - ιον (H.); - ιστής H. s. κυνδαλοπαίστης (s. κύνδαλος); - εύω, often w. προσ-, also w. δια-, κατα-, `to pin, to hang up' (Hdt., Att.) with the nom. instr. - εῖον (Plb., EM); - όομαι `to be provided with π.' (sch.), προσ-όω `to pin' (Thphr.). -- Beside it πάσσᾱξ, -ᾱκος m. `id.' (Megar., Ar. Ach. 763; like πόρπᾱξ, κνώδᾱξ a.o.; Chantraine Form. 381) with - άκιον, - ακίζω (H.); πασσάριος σταυρός H.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: First from *πάκι̯αλος with λ-suffix; to Lat. păc-iscor `conclude a treaty', prop. `make fast', παγ-ῆναι (with variation k: g); s. πήγνυμι. As intermediate we must posit an unknown noun: *πάσσα (\< *πακ-ι̯ᾰ), *-πασσος or *πάσσων (cf. on κνώδαλον)?; diff. Benveniste Origines 47 (s. also Schwyzer 483 w. n. 8). Independent, but also with l-suffix, Lat. pālus (from * pac-s-lo-s); here also Toch. A pyākäṣ (B pyāśi) `pole, stake' (Duchesne-Guillemin BSL 41, 159)? -- Lat. LW [loanword] pessulus `bolt' (on the meaning Rocco Glotta 32, 99); s. W.-Hofmann s.v. -- Derivation from *ph2k- is improbable: a pin has not become stiff (like ice). It has been sfatened, fixed to a wal or a pillar. The suffix - αλ- is pre-Greek, cannot be IE. (The words in -ᾱκ- seem Pre-Greek.) So prob. the whole word is Pre-Greek (*paky-al-)?Page in Frisk: 2,477Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πάσσαλος
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29 Animal
Woodhouse English-Greek dictionary. A vocabulary of the Attic language > Animal
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30 Beast
subs.Animal: P. and V. ζῷον, τό, θρέμμα, τό (Plat.).Beast of burden: P. ὑποζύγιον, τό.Of a person: Ar. and P. θηρίον, τό.Of wild beasts, adj.: P. and V. θήρειος.Haunted by beasts, adj.: V. ἔνθηρος.Turn into a beast, v. intrans.; V. ἐκθηριοῦσθαι.Woodhouse English-Greek dictionary. A vocabulary of the Attic language > Beast
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31 Brute
Woodhouse English-Greek dictionary. A vocabulary of the Attic language > Brute
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32 Creature
subs.Living thing: P. and V. ζῷον, τό.Used contemptuously or pityingly: P. and V. φυτόν, τό (Plat.).O shameless creature! V. ὦ θρέμμʼ ἀναιδές.O base creature! P. ὦ κακὴ κεφαλή.Creatures of clay: Ar. πλάσματα πηλοῦ (Ar. 686).Good heavens! where do these creatures come from? Ar. ὦ Ἡρακλεῖς, ταυτὶ ποδαπὰ τὰ θηρία; (Nud. 184).Tool, hireling: Ar. and P. μισθωτός, ὁ, μισθοφόρος, ὁ.Slave: P. and V. δοῦλος, ὁ.Woodhouse English-Greek dictionary. A vocabulary of the Attic language > Creature
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33 Monster
subs.Beast: Ar. and P. θηρίον, τό, P. and V. θήρ, ὁ, Ar. and V. κνώδαλον, τό, V. δάκος, τό. κύων, ὁ, sometimes κακόν, τό.Fabulous monsters: P. φύσεις μεμυθολογημέναι (Plat.).Sea monster: V. κῆτος, τό (Eur., frag.).Portent: P. and V. τέρας, τό (Plat.).met., of a person: Ar. and P. θηρίον, τό.Woodhouse English-Greek dictionary. A vocabulary of the Attic language > Monster
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См. также в других словарях:
κνώδαλον — wild creature neut nom/voc/acc sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
κνωδάλοιν — κνώδαλον wild creature neut gen/dat dual … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
κνωδάλοις — κνώδαλον wild creature neut dat pl … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
κνωδάλου — κνώδαλον wild creature neut gen sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
κνωδάλων — κνώδαλον wild creature neut gen pl … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
κνωδάλῳ — κνώδαλον wild creature neut dat sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
κνώδαλα — κνώδαλον wild creature neut nom/voc/acc pl … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
κνώδων — κνώδων, οντος, ὁ (Α) 1. (κυρίως στον πληθ.) οί κνώδοντες καθεμιά από τις δύο οδοντοειδείς προεξοχές τής αιχμής τού δόρατος («τὰ δὲ προβόλια, πρῶτον μὲν λόγχας ἔχοντα, κατά δὲ μέσον τὸν καυλὸν κνώδοντας», Ξεν.) 2. το ξίφος («πῶς σ ἀποσπάσω πικροῦ… … Dictionary of Greek
кус — род. п. а, кусок, укр., блр. кус, кусок, др. русск. кусъ, цслав. кѫсъ, болг. къс, сербохорв. ку̑с, кусак, словен. kȏs, чеш., слвц. kus, польск. kęs, kąsek, в. луж., н. луж. kus, полаб. kǫs. Родственно (праслав. *kǫ(d)sъ) лит. kandu, kandau,… … Этимологический словарь русского языка Макса Фасмера
κίναδος — κίναδος, εος, τὸ (Α) 1. η αλεπού («οἱ Σικελιῶται γὰρ τὴν ἀλώπεκα κίναδον προσαγορεύουσι», Σχόλ. Θεόκρ. 2. μτφ. πανούργος, δόλιος άνθρωπος («οὕς σὺ ζώντας μέν, ὦ κίναδος, κολακεύων παρηκολούθεις», Δημοσθ.) 3. θηρίο, τέρας. [ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Αβέβαιης ετυμολ … Dictionary of Greek
κνωδάλιον — κνωδάλιον, τὸ (Α) ζωύφιο. [ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. < κνώδαλον + υποκορ. κατάλ. ιον (πρβλ. αμφόρ ιον, φιάλ ιον)] … Dictionary of Greek