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ăcerbĭtas

  • 1 acerbitas

    ăcerbĭtas, ātis, f. [acerbus], sharpness, sourness, harshness, the harsh taste of fruits.
    I.
    Prop.:

    fructus non laetos et uberes, sed magna acerbitate permixtos tulissem,

    Cic. Planc. 38, 92.—Hence,
    II.
    Fig., sharpness.
    A.
    Of moral qualities, harshness, severity, rigor, moroseness (opp. comitas, lenitas, and the like):

    severitatem probo, acerbitatem nullo modo,

    Cic. de Sen. 18:

    acerbitas morum immanitasque naturae,

    id. Phil. 12, 11; so id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13; Suet. Caes. 12; id. Ner. 44; cf. Brem. Nep. Dion. 6, 5.—Also satirical scverity:

    acerbitas et abunde salis,

    Quint. 10, 1, 94; cf. ib. 96, 117.—Also violence, anger:

    dissensio sine acerbitate,

    Cic. Off. 1, 25; id. Lael. 23, 87.—And hatred:

    nomen vestrum odio atque acerbitati scitote nationibus exteris futurum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 30.—
    B.
    Of one's lot or fortune, grief, sorrow, pain, anguish, affliction, and the like:

    acerbitas summi luctūs,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 16:

    lacrimas, quas tu in meis acerbitatibus plurimas effudisti,

    Cic. Planc. 42, 101: omnes acerbitates, omnes dolores cruciatusque perferre, [p. 21] id. Cat. 4, 1; so id. Sest. 38; id. Att. 9, 6; Nep. Alc. 6 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > acerbitas

  • 2 acerbitās

        acerbitās ātis, f    [acerbus], bitterness, harshness, sourness: fructūs magnā acerbitate permixtos ferre, i. e. public rewards bringing also bitter trials. — Fig., harshness, bitterness, rigor, severity, hostility, hatred: severitatem in senectute probo, acerbitatem nullo modo: patria, L.: virus acerbitatis, the poison of malice: nomen vestrum odio atque acerbitati futurum, an object of bitter hatred. —Plur., grief, sorrow, pain, anguish, affliction: lacrimas in meis acerbitatibus effudisti: omnīs acerbitates perferre, Cs.
    * * *
    harshness, severity; bitterness, sourness, ill feeling; anguish, hardship

    Latin-English dictionary > acerbitās

  • 3 acerbitas

    harshness, bitterness.

    Latin-English dictionary of medieval > acerbitas

  • 4 patrius

        patrius adj.    [pater], of a father, fatherly, paternal: animus, T.: ius et potestas: maiestas, L.: poenas patrias persequi: mos: amor, V.: arae, i. e. of Father Apollo, O.: patrium mimae donare fundum laremque, H.: acerbitas, i. e. of his father, L.— Of ancestors, ancestral, family, traditional: di, household gods: hoc patrium est, consuefacere filium, etc., T.: virtus, Cs.: mos, hereditary: cultūsque habitūsque locorum, V.
    * * *
    patria, patrium ADJ
    father's, paternal; ancestral

    Latin-English dictionary > patrius

  • 5 temperō

        temperō āvī, ātus, āre    [tempus], to observe proper measure, be moderate, restrain oneself, forbear, abstain, be temperate, act temperately: in potestatibus, S.: in multā temperarunt tribuni, L.: linguae, L.: oculis, to keep from looking, L.: temperare oculis, refrain from tears, Cu.: risu (dat.), L.: victoriae, S.: nec nos temperamus imperiis, quo minus illi auxili egeant, L.: sibi, quin exirent, Cs.: vix temperavere animis, quin, etc., L.: temperare ab iniuri<*> et maleficio, refrain, Cs.: a lacrimis, V.: tollere puerum: temperatum agere est, quin, etc., they with difficulty refrained, L.: nec temperatum manibus foret, ni, etc., L.— To forbear, abstain, refrain, spare, be indulgent: si cuiquam ullā in re umquam temperaverit: Privignis, H.: templis deum temperatum est, L.: in quo ab sociis temperaverant, L.— To divide duly, mingle in due proportion, combine suitably, compound properly, qualify, temper: ex dissimillimis rebus misceri et temperari: alqd ex igni atque animā temperatum: Pocula, to mix, i. e. fill, H.: Etesiarum flatu nimii temperantur calores: aquam (i. e. balneum) ignibus, i. e. warm, H.: scatebris arva, i. e. water, V.— To rule, regulate, govern, manage, arrange, order: rem p. institutis et legibus: aequor, V.: arces aetherias, O.: ora frenis, H.: testudinis aureae strepitum, H.: citharam nervis, i. e. to string, O.: temperata frumenti subvectio, facilitated, Ta.—Fig., to regulate, rule, control, govern, sway, moderate: cuius acerbitas morum ne vino quidem permixta temperari solet: haec interdum temperanda sunt: amara lento Temperet risu, H.: iras, soothe, V.: sumptūs, O.
    * * *
    temperare, temperavi, temperatus V
    combine, blend, temper; make mild; refrain from; control oneself

    Latin-English dictionary > temperō

  • 6 acerbitudo

    ăcerbĭtūdo, ĭnis, f. [id.], = acerbitas, acc. to Gell. 13, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > acerbitudo

  • 7 acrimonia

    ācrĭmōnĭa, ae, f. [2. acer], sharpness or pungency (so far as it has a quickening, animating power, diff. fr. acerbitas, which desig. a disagreeable sharpness).
    I.
    Lit., of taste:

    si ulcus acrimoniam brassicae ferre non poterit,

    the pungency, irritation, smart, Cato R. R. 157, 5:

    dulcis cum quadam acrimonia,

    Plin. 24, 14, 78, § 128; cf.

    sinapis,

    id. 18, 13, 34, § 128 al. —Of smell, Plin. 27, 13, 109, § 133.—
    II.
    Fig., sharpness, acrimony, austerity of character, energy of acting: “animi vivacitas,” Non. 73, 17: mei feri ingeri iram atque animi acrem acrimoniam, Naev. ap. Non. 73, 18 (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 11); cf.: vim, ferociam, animi, atrocitatem, iram, acrimoniam, Att. ib. (Ribbeck, p. 196):

    convenit in vultu pudorem et acrimoniam esse,

    Auct. Her. 3, 15, 26; cf. ib. 4, 13, 19; 24, 34:

    si Glabrionis patris vim et acrimoniam ceperis ad resistendum hominibus audacissimis,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 17, 52.—Of abstract objects:

    vis et acrimonia causae,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 48, 143:

    licentiae,

    Auct. Her. 4, 37, 49.—Of discourse, sharpness of speech (opp. sermo):

    tum in sermone, tum in acrimonia,

    now in common conversation, now in sharp talk, Auct. Her. 4, 42, 54.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > acrimonia

  • 8 asperitas

    aspĕrĭtas, ātis, f. [asper], the quality of asper, unevenness, roughness (opp. 2. levitas).
    I.
    Lit.:

    saxorum asperitates,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 98:

    asperitas viarum,

    id. Phil. 9, 1, 2:

    locorum,

    Sall. J. 75, 2:

    angustiae locorumque asperitas,

    Liv. 32, 12 fin.; 43, 21; 44, 5 al.:

    linguae,

    Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 172:

    ventris,

    id. 11, 37, 79, § 201:

    squamarum,

    Gell. 2, 6:

    faucium,

    Plin. 30, 4, 11, § 32:

    animi asperitas seu potius animae,

    hoarseness, id. 22, 24, 51, § 111:

    ob asperitatem hiemis,

    roughness, severity, Tac. A. 4, 56:

    asperitas frigorum abest,

    id. Agr. 12:

    densaque cedit Frigoris asperitas,

    Ov. F. 4, 88 al.:

    asperitas luti,

    dryness, barrenness of the clay, Vitr. 2, 3.—Of raised work (cf. 1. asper, I., and exaspero):

    vasa anaglypta in asperitatemque excisa,

    with figures in basrelief, Plin. 33, 11, 49, § 139.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Of taste, harshness, sharpness, acidity, tartness:

    vini,

    Plin. 14, 19, 24, § 120:

    pomi,

    id. 12, 10, 21, § 38:

    aceti,

    id. 9, 35, 58, § 120:

    aquarum,

    the brackish taste of water, id. 12, 9, 20, § 37 al. —
    2.
    Of hearing, roughness, harshness of tone:

    vocis,

    Lucr. 4, 542:

    soni,

    Tac. G. 3.—
    3.
    Of sight, inequality, contrast:

    cum aspectus ejus scaenae propter asperitatem eblandiretur omnium visus,

    on account of the contrast of light and shade, Vitr. 7, 5:

    intercolumniorum,

    id. 3, 3.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Of moral qualities, roughness, harshness, severity, fierceness, asperity:

    si quis eā asperitate est et immanitate naturae, congressus ut hominum fugiat atque oderit, etc.,

    Cic. Lael. 23, 87:

    avunculi,

    Nep. Att. 5, 1:

    patris,

    Ov. M. 9, 752:

    artibus ingenuis Pectora mollescunt, asperitasque fugit,

    id. P. 1, 6, 8:

    asperitatis et invidiae corrector,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 129.—Of a rigid, austere manner of life: quam illorum (Stoicorum) tristitiam atque asperitatem fugiens Panaetius nec acerbitatem sententiarum nec disserendi spinas probavit, Cic. Fin. 4, 28, 79; cf. 1. asper, II. A.—And of rudeness in external appearance, opp. to a polished, cultivated bearing:

    asperitas agrestis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 6.—
    B.
    Of things, adversity, reverse of fortune, trouble, severity, difficulty (cf. 1. asper, II. B., and acerbitas):

    in his vel asperitatibus rerum vel angustiis temporis obsequar studiis nostris,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 3:

    asperitas belli,

    Sall. J. 29, 1:

    remedii,

    Tac. A. 1, 44.—Of style, roughness, harshness, trachutês (cf. 1. asper, II. B.):

    oratio in quā asperitas contentionis oratoris ipsius humanitate conditur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 53, 212. judicialis asperitas, id. ib. 2, 15, 64; so Quint. 1, 8, 11; 10, 5, 14 (cf. id. 11, 3, 23):

    verborum,

    Ov. M. 14, 526.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > asperitas

  • 9 atrocitas

    ā̆trōcĭtas, ātis, f. [atrox], the quality of atrox, harshness, horribleness, hideousness, hatefulness (having reference to the form, appearance, while saevitas relates to the mind; hence the latter is used only of persons, the former of persons and things; v. Doed. Syn. I. p. 40; syn.: saevitas, duritia, acerbitas, crudelitas).
    I.
    Lit. (class., but only in prose):

    si res ista gravissima suā sponte videretur, tamen ejus atrocitas necessitudinis nomine levaretur,

    Cic. Quinct. 16, 52:

    ipsius facti atrocitas aut indignitas,

    id. Inv. 2, 17, 53:

    facinoris,

    Suet. Calig. 12:

    sceleris,

    Sall. C. 22, 3:

    temporum,

    Suet. Tib. 48; id. Calig. 6:

    poenae,

    id. Dom. 11.—
    II.
    Of the mind or manners, agitation (like that of the sea, v. ater and atrocitas maris, Col. 8, 17, 10), tumult rage, savageness, barbarity, atrocity, cruelty, roughness:

    ego quod in hac causā vehementior sum, non atrocitate animi moveor (quis enim est me mitior?) sed, etc.,

    Cic. Cat. 4, 6:

    hae litterae invidiosam atrocitatem verborum habent, id. ad. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6. So, morum,

    Tac. A. 4, 13:

    consilium nefandae atrocitatis,

    Suet. Calig. 48.—In phil. and jurid. lang. severity, harshness:

    atrocitas ista quo modo in veterem Academiam irruperit, nescio,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 136:

    atrocitas formularum,

    the rigid strictness of judicial formulas, Quint. 7, 1, 37 Spald.—In plur., App. Met. 10, c. 28, p. 252.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > atrocitas

  • 10 austeritas

    austērĭtas, ātis, f. [austerus] (perh. not before the Aug. period).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    Of taste, harshness, sourness (syn.:

    acerbitas, tristitia, severitas),

    Col. 11, 2, 68:

    vini,

    Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 24; 14, 6, 8, § 65:

    caepae,

    id. 19, 6, 32, § 105:

    picis,

    id. 14, 1, 3, § 17; Pall. 1, 35, 11; and in plur., id. 1, 35, 8.—
    B.
    Of colors, darkness, dinginess, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 97; 9, 38, 62, § 134; 35, 10, 36, § 97; 35, 11, 40, § 134.—
    II.
    Trop., severity, austerity, rigor:

    magistri,

    Quint. 2, 2, 5:

    qui a te hanc austeritatem exigo,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 5, 5:

    cum austeritate imperare,

    Vulg. Ezech. 34, 4:

    ex bono esse austeritatem,

    ib. 2 Macc. 14, 30.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > austeritas

  • 11 exorabilis

    exōrābĭlis, e, adj. [exoro].
    I.
    Pass., easily entreated or moved, exorable (class.), Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 26:

    si implacabiles iracundiae sunt, summa est acerbitas: sin autem exorabiles, summa levitas,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13 fin.:

    in aliquem,

    id. Att. 1, 3 fin.:

    (Orcus) non exorabilis auro,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 179; cf.:

    nulli exorabilis,

    Sil. 5, 131:

    initium vitii,

    Sen. Ep. 116:

    et exorabile numen fortasse experiar,

    Juv. 13, 102.— Comp.:

    in suis quam in alienis exorabilior injuriis,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 20.—
    * II.
    Act., easily moving, persuasive:

    carmen,

    Val. Fl. 1, 782.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > exorabilis

  • 12 iniquitas

    ĭnīquĭtas, ātis ( gen. plur. iniquitatium, Tert. Spect. 2), f. [iniquus], unequalness.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    Unevenness, of the ground:

    loci,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 45:

    in talibus iniquitatibus locorum,

    Liv. 38, 22, 3.—
    B.
    Inequality, of weight:

    ponderis,

    App. M. 7, p. 195, 38.—
    C.
    Excessiveness, that exceeds one ' s strength:

    operis,

    Col. 2, 4, 6.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Unfavorableness, adverseness, difficulty, hardness:

    loci,

    Liv. 2, 65, 5:

    in tanta rerum iniquitate,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 22 fin.:

    temporum iniquitate pressi,

    Liv. 35, 16, 11:

    temporis,

    Curt. 7, 7, 3:

    propter iniquitatem temporum,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 1, 1;

    with acerbitas,

    id. ib. 29, 81.—
    B.
    Unfairness, injustice, unreasonableness:

    aequitas, temperantia, fortitudo certant cum iniquitate, luxuria, ignavia,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 25:

    praetoris,

    id. Quint. 2, 9:

    in tanta hominum perfidia et iniquitate,

    id. Fam. 1, 2, 4; id. Verr. 2, 3, 89, § 207:

    iniquitates potestatum,

    Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 106:

    Vespasiano ad obtinendas iniquitates haud perinde obstinante,

    unreasonable demands in the shape of taxes, Tac. H. 2, 84:

    exitii,

    id. A. 16, 17:

    summae iniquitatis se condemnari debere,

    would render himself guilty of the highest injustice, Caes. B. G. 7, 19:

    quae si vobis non probabuntur, vestram iniquitatem accusatote,

    your unreasonable demands, Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 208; so of unreasonable harshness, id. Caecin. 23, 65:

    iniquitatem deum atque execrabilem fortunam suam incusabant,

    Liv. 26, 34, 13:

    ab iniquitate judicis victoriam sperare,

    partiality, Gai. Inst. 4, 178.— Plur.:

    juris emendatae edicto Praetoris,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 25; 41: calumniantium, acts of injustice, Just. Inst. prooem. init.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > iniquitas

  • 13 patrium

    1.
    pā̆trĭus, a, um, adj. [pater], of or belonging to a father, fatherly, paternal (for syn. v paternus).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    esse exitio rei patriae suae,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 23:

    rem patriam et gloriam majorum foedare,

    id. Trin. 3, 2, 30:

    animus patrius,

    Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 2; Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 46; Liv. 2, 5, 8:

    res patria atque avita,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 5, 13:

    potestas,

    id. Inv. 2, 17, 52; Sen. Clem. 1, 14, 2:

    jus et potestas,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 46; Liv. 1, 26, 9:

    majestas,

    id. 4, 45, 8; 8, 7, 15:

    auctoritas,

    Cic. Cael. 16, 37:

    amor,

    id. Fin. 1, 7, 23:

    benevolentia,

    Tac. A. 4, 4:

    maeror,

    Cic. Fl. 42, 106; id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:

    acerbitas,

    Liv. 7, 5, 7:

    monumentum,

    Ter. Eun. prol. 13:

    amor,

    Verg. A. 1, 643: arae. i. e. of Father Apollo, Ov. M. 15, 723:

    patrium mimae donare fundum laremque, Hor S. 1, 2, 56: dolor pedum,

    hereditary, Plin. Ep. 1, 12: ucerbitas, i. e. of his father, Liv 7, 5, 7: di patrii, of one's forefathers. like theoi patrôioi, family gods, household gods, penates, Cic. Phil. 2, 20, 75, Tib. 2, 1, 17; Hyg. ap. Macr S. 3, 4 fin.:

    hoc patrium est, potius consuefacere filium Suā sponte recte facere quam alieno metu, Ter Ad. 1, 1, 49.—Rarely, like paternus. = patris. patriā virtute praeditus filius,

    Cic. Sest. 21, 48 sepulchrum patrium, id. Rosc. Am. 9, 24:

    poenas patrias persequi,

    id. Phil. 13, 20, 4: corpus patrium. Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 74; Tac. A. 5, 28:

    patrio instituto deditus studio litterarum,

    Cic. Brut. 20, 79; 59, 213:

    mos patrius et disciplina,

    id. Sen. 11, 37:

    regnum patrium atque avitum,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21.—
    B.
    In partic., in gram.:

    patrius casus,

    the genitive, Gell. 4, 16, 1; cf. patricus and paternus.—
    II.
    Transf., in gen.
    A.
    Handed down from one's forefathers, old-established, old, ancient (very rare): mos. hereditary, old-established custom, Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 84: leges. Vulg. 2 Macc. 7, 2.—
    B.
    Hereditary, innate, peculiar ( poet.):

    praediscere patrios cultusque habitusque locorum,

    Verg. G. 1, 52:

    patrius hic (pedum dolor) illi,

    the gout, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 4. pavor genti, Sil 15, 722:

    adde, cruentis Quod patriura saevire Dahis,

    Val. Fl. 2, 157.—Hence,
    C.
    Subst.
    1.
    pā̆trĭa, ae (old gen. patrial, Lucr. 1, 41), f (sc. terra)
    a.
    One's fatherland, native land or country, native place:

    erilis patria, salve,

    Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 2:

    eram imperator in patriā meā,

    id. Ps. 4, 7, 75: patria, quae communis est omnium nostrum parens. Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 17:

    omnes omnium caritates patria una complexa est.,

    id. Off. 1, 17, 57: o pater, o patria, o Priami domus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 118 Vahl.); cf.: o patria, o divum domus Ilium, Poët. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 2, 241; imitated by Verg. l. l.: o Romule, Romule die, Qualem te patriae custodem di genuerunt, Enn. ap. Cic. Rep. 1, 41, 64 (Ann. v. 116 Vahl.):

    patriā Atheniensis an Lacedaemonius,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 24, 35: Hispaniam sibi antiquam patriam esse, Sall. Fragm. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 380.—
    b.
    A dwelling-place, home:

    habuit alteram loci patriam, alteram juris,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 2, 5:

    Italiam quaero patriam,

    Verg. A. 1, 380; cf. id. ib. 11, 25:

    exuere patriam,

    Tac. H. 5, 5; cf. id. Agr 32: patria major = mêtropolis, the mother-city of colonists, Curt. 4, 15, 5.—Hence, prov.: patria est, ubicumque est bene, Poët. (prob. Pacuv.) ap. Cic. Tusc. 5, 37, 108:

    quia propheta in suā patriā honorem non habet,

    Vulg. Johan. 4, 44; id. Marc. 6, 4; id. Luc. 4, 24.— Poet. of things; Nilus, Qui patriam tantae tam bene celat aquae, the home, i. e. the source, Ov. Am. 3, 6, 40:

    nimborum in patriam,

    Verg. A. 1, 51:

    divisae arboribus patriae,

    id. G. 2, 116; cf.:

    una atque eadem est vini patria atque magistri,

    Juv. 11, 161. —
    * 2.
    pā̆trĭum, ĭi, n. (sc. nomen), i. q. patronymicum, a patronymic, Quint. 1, 5, 45.—
    * D.
    Adv.: pā̆trĭē, paternally:

    patrie monere,

    Quint. 11, 1, 68.
    2.
    pā̆trĭus, a, um, adj. [patria].
    I.
    In gen., of or belonging to one's native country or home, native:

    patrius sermo,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4; Hor. A. P. 57:

    mos,

    Cic. Par. 4, 1, 27:

    ritus,

    id. Leg. 2, 9, 21:

    carmen patrium canere,

    a national song, Curt. 3, 3, 9:

    Mycenae,

    i. e. their home, Verg. A. 2, 180:

    palaestrae,

    id. ib. 3, 281:

    vox,

    Vulg. 2 Macc. 7, 8.—
    II.
    In partic., in gram.: nomen patrium, a gentile noun (like Romanus, Atheniensis, etc.), Prisc. p. 580 P.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > patrium

  • 14 patrius

    1.
    pā̆trĭus, a, um, adj. [pater], of or belonging to a father, fatherly, paternal (for syn. v paternus).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    esse exitio rei patriae suae,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 23:

    rem patriam et gloriam majorum foedare,

    id. Trin. 3, 2, 30:

    animus patrius,

    Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 2; Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 46; Liv. 2, 5, 8:

    res patria atque avita,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 5, 13:

    potestas,

    id. Inv. 2, 17, 52; Sen. Clem. 1, 14, 2:

    jus et potestas,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 46; Liv. 1, 26, 9:

    majestas,

    id. 4, 45, 8; 8, 7, 15:

    auctoritas,

    Cic. Cael. 16, 37:

    amor,

    id. Fin. 1, 7, 23:

    benevolentia,

    Tac. A. 4, 4:

    maeror,

    Cic. Fl. 42, 106; id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:

    acerbitas,

    Liv. 7, 5, 7:

    monumentum,

    Ter. Eun. prol. 13:

    amor,

    Verg. A. 1, 643: arae. i. e. of Father Apollo, Ov. M. 15, 723:

    patrium mimae donare fundum laremque, Hor S. 1, 2, 56: dolor pedum,

    hereditary, Plin. Ep. 1, 12: ucerbitas, i. e. of his father, Liv 7, 5, 7: di patrii, of one's forefathers. like theoi patrôioi, family gods, household gods, penates, Cic. Phil. 2, 20, 75, Tib. 2, 1, 17; Hyg. ap. Macr S. 3, 4 fin.:

    hoc patrium est, potius consuefacere filium Suā sponte recte facere quam alieno metu, Ter Ad. 1, 1, 49.—Rarely, like paternus. = patris. patriā virtute praeditus filius,

    Cic. Sest. 21, 48 sepulchrum patrium, id. Rosc. Am. 9, 24:

    poenas patrias persequi,

    id. Phil. 13, 20, 4: corpus patrium. Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 74; Tac. A. 5, 28:

    patrio instituto deditus studio litterarum,

    Cic. Brut. 20, 79; 59, 213:

    mos patrius et disciplina,

    id. Sen. 11, 37:

    regnum patrium atque avitum,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21.—
    B.
    In partic., in gram.:

    patrius casus,

    the genitive, Gell. 4, 16, 1; cf. patricus and paternus.—
    II.
    Transf., in gen.
    A.
    Handed down from one's forefathers, old-established, old, ancient (very rare): mos. hereditary, old-established custom, Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 84: leges. Vulg. 2 Macc. 7, 2.—
    B.
    Hereditary, innate, peculiar ( poet.):

    praediscere patrios cultusque habitusque locorum,

    Verg. G. 1, 52:

    patrius hic (pedum dolor) illi,

    the gout, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 4. pavor genti, Sil 15, 722:

    adde, cruentis Quod patriura saevire Dahis,

    Val. Fl. 2, 157.—Hence,
    C.
    Subst.
    1.
    pā̆trĭa, ae (old gen. patrial, Lucr. 1, 41), f (sc. terra)
    a.
    One's fatherland, native land or country, native place:

    erilis patria, salve,

    Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 2:

    eram imperator in patriā meā,

    id. Ps. 4, 7, 75: patria, quae communis est omnium nostrum parens. Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 17:

    omnes omnium caritates patria una complexa est.,

    id. Off. 1, 17, 57: o pater, o patria, o Priami domus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 118 Vahl.); cf.: o patria, o divum domus Ilium, Poët. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 2, 241; imitated by Verg. l. l.: o Romule, Romule die, Qualem te patriae custodem di genuerunt, Enn. ap. Cic. Rep. 1, 41, 64 (Ann. v. 116 Vahl.):

    patriā Atheniensis an Lacedaemonius,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 24, 35: Hispaniam sibi antiquam patriam esse, Sall. Fragm. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 380.—
    b.
    A dwelling-place, home:

    habuit alteram loci patriam, alteram juris,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 2, 5:

    Italiam quaero patriam,

    Verg. A. 1, 380; cf. id. ib. 11, 25:

    exuere patriam,

    Tac. H. 5, 5; cf. id. Agr 32: patria major = mêtropolis, the mother-city of colonists, Curt. 4, 15, 5.—Hence, prov.: patria est, ubicumque est bene, Poët. (prob. Pacuv.) ap. Cic. Tusc. 5, 37, 108:

    quia propheta in suā patriā honorem non habet,

    Vulg. Johan. 4, 44; id. Marc. 6, 4; id. Luc. 4, 24.— Poet. of things; Nilus, Qui patriam tantae tam bene celat aquae, the home, i. e. the source, Ov. Am. 3, 6, 40:

    nimborum in patriam,

    Verg. A. 1, 51:

    divisae arboribus patriae,

    id. G. 2, 116; cf.:

    una atque eadem est vini patria atque magistri,

    Juv. 11, 161. —
    * 2.
    pā̆trĭum, ĭi, n. (sc. nomen), i. q. patronymicum, a patronymic, Quint. 1, 5, 45.—
    * D.
    Adv.: pā̆trĭē, paternally:

    patrie monere,

    Quint. 11, 1, 68.
    2.
    pā̆trĭus, a, um, adj. [patria].
    I.
    In gen., of or belonging to one's native country or home, native:

    patrius sermo,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4; Hor. A. P. 57:

    mos,

    Cic. Par. 4, 1, 27:

    ritus,

    id. Leg. 2, 9, 21:

    carmen patrium canere,

    a national song, Curt. 3, 3, 9:

    Mycenae,

    i. e. their home, Verg. A. 2, 180:

    palaestrae,

    id. ib. 3, 281:

    vox,

    Vulg. 2 Macc. 7, 8.—
    II.
    In partic., in gram.: nomen patrium, a gentile noun (like Romanus, Atheniensis, etc.), Prisc. p. 580 P.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > patrius

  • 15 permisceo

    per-misceo, scŭi, stum, and xtum, 2, v. a., to mix or mingle together; to commingle, intermingle.
    I.
    Lit.:

    naturam cum materiā,

    Cic. Univ. 7:

    permixti cum suis fugientibus,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 62:

    permixtum senatui populi concilium,

    Liv. 21, 14:

    equites turbae hostium,

    id. 39, 51:

    fructus acerbitate permixti,

    Cic. Planc. 38, 92; Plin. 28, 17, 67, § 231:

    generique cruorem Sanguine cum soceri permiscuit impius ensis,

    Ov. M. 14, 801:

    omnes in oratione esse quasi permixtos et confusos pedes,

    Cic. Or. 57, 195:

    (gagates lapis) medetur strumis cerae permixtus,

    Plin. 36, 19, 34, § 142:

    corpora viva permista sepultis,

    Luc. 2, 152:

    alicui totum ensem,

    to plunge his whole sword into his body, Sil. 10, 259.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to mix or mingle together; to commingle, intermingle:

    ne tuas sordes cum clarissimorum virorum splendore permisceas,

    Cic. Vatin. 5, 13:

    tristia laetis,

    Sil. 13, 385:

    geminas e sanguine matris permistura domos,

    Luc. 2, 333:

    acerbitas morum ne vino quidem permista,

    Cic. Phil. 12, 11, 26.—Of language:

    quibus (intervallis longis et brevibus) implicata atque permixta oratio,

    Cic. Or. 56, 187.—
    B.
    In partic., to confound, disturb, throw into confusion, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 123:

    omnia,

    id. Planc. 17, 41; cf.:

    omnia divina humanaque jura permiscentur,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 6 fin.:

    domum,

    Verg. A. 7, 348; Sall. J. 5, 2:

    Graeciam,

    Cic. Or. 9, 20:

    omnia gravi timore,

    Flor. 1, 18, 12.—Hence, permixtus, a, um (perh. not permistus in class. Lat.), P. a.
    A.
    Promiscuous, confused:

    permixta caedes,

    Lucr. 3, 643; 5, 1313:

    mores,

    disordered, disorderly, id. 3, 749.—
    B.
    Filled:

    permixtus maerore,

    App. M. 9, p. 235 fin.—Adv.: per-mixtē, confusedly, promiscuously, Cic. Inv. 1, 22, 32; id. Part. 7, 24.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > permisceo

  • 16 sal

    sal, sălis ( neutr. collat. form of the nom. sălĕ, Enn. ap. Gell. 2, 26, or Ann. v. 378 Vahl.; Varr. ap. Non. 223, 17; also, in the regular form sometimes neutr. in sing., v. infra, I.; but plur. always sales, m.; cf. Neue, Formenl. 1, 697 sq.; dat. plur.: infusis salis, Fabian. ap. Charis. p. 82 P.), m. [root sal-, to stream, flow; cf. hals; perh. also found in insula, salix].
    I.
    Lit., salt.
    a.
    Sing.
    (α).
    Masc.: ex sale, qui apud Carthaginienses fit, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 659 P.:

    salem candidum sic facito,

    id. R. R. 88; Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 8; Col. 6, 17, 7; 8, 6 Schneid. N. cr.; 12, 6, 2; 12, 21, 2 al.; Plin. 31, 7, 39, § 73; Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 95; id. Curc. 4, 4, 6; id. Pers. 3, 3, 25; Sall. Fragm. ap. Charis. p. 82 P., and ap. Prisc. p. 644 ib.; Hor. S. 1, 5, 46 et saep.—Prov.:

    salem cum pane edit,

    Plin. 31, 8, 41, § 89.—
    (β).
    Neutr.: nunc vides in conviviis ita poni et sal et mel, Varr. ap. Charis. p. 82 P.; so, aliud, Fabian. ib. p. 82 P.;

    tritum,

    Veg. 2, 24, 4 al.; v. also infra, II.—
    (γ).
    Doubtful gen.:

    multos modios salis,

    Cic. Lael. 19, 67:

    (caseum) parco sale reponunt,

    Verg. G. 3, 403; Caes. B. C. 2, 37:

    salis vendendi arbitrium,

    Liv. 29, 6; 45, 29; Hor. S. 1, 3, 14; 2, 2, 17; 2, 4, 74; Col. 7, 8, 5; Cels. 2, 24; Plin. 31, 7, 42, § 91.—
    b.
    Plur.:

    quin aspergi solent sales: melior fossilis quam marinus,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 6; Col. 7, 4, 8; 8, 6, 1; Pall. 9, 2 Mai; id. Nov. 19; Fabian. ap. Charis. p. 82 P.; Ov. M. 15, 286.—
    B.
    Meton.
    1.
    Poet., the salt water, brine, sea.
    a.
    Sing., Enn. 1. 1.:

    supra rorem salis edita pars est remorum,

    Lucr. 4, 438:

    et sale tabentes artus in litore ponunt,

    Verg. A. 1, 173; 1, 35; 3, 385; 5, 848; 5, 866; 6, 697; 10, 214; Ov. P. 1, 1, 70; Val. Fl. 4, 722.—
    b.
    Plur.:

    sales amari,

    Ov. M. 15, 286:

    aequorei,

    Luc. 10, 257.—
    2.
    A speck on precious stones shaped like a grain of salt. — Sing.:

    sal,

    Plin. 37, 6, 22, § 83; 37, 8, 37, § 117; 37, 2, 10, § 28.— Plur.:

    sales,

    Plin. 37, 2, 8, § 22.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Intellectual acuteness, good sense, shrewdness, cunning, wit, facetiousness, sarcasm, a witticism, witty saying (class. in sing. and plur.;

    syn.: lepos, facetiae, festivitas): (sal) adeo necessarium elementum est, ut transierit intellectus ad voluptates animi quoque. Nam ita sales appellantur, omnisque vitae lepos et summa hilaritas laborumque requies non alio magis vocabulo constat,

    Plin. 31, 7, 41, § 88.
    a.
    Sing.:

    qui habet salem, quod in te est,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 10; cf.:

    nulla venustas, Nulla in tam magno est corpore mica salis,

    Cat. 86, 4:

    Caesar inusitatum nostris oratoribus leporem quendam et salem est consecutus,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 23, 98; cf. id. N. D. 2, 29, 74:

    sale vero et facetiis Caesar vicit omnis,

    id. Off. 1, 37, 133:

    (litterae) tum humanitatis sparsae sale,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 1:

    qui (versus) dum denique habent salem ac leporem,

    Cat. 16, 7:

    P. Scipio omnes sale facetiisque superabat,

    Cic. Brut. 34, 128; cf.:

    argutiae facetissimi salis,

    Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 117:

    salis satis est, sannionum parum, Cic Fam. 9, 16, 10: in quo mihi videtur specimen fuisse humanitatis, salis, suavitatis, leporis,

    id. Tusc. 5, 19, 55:

    (Lucilius) sale multo Urbem defricuit,

    Hor. S. 1, 10, 3; cf.

    of the same: acerbitas et abundantia salis,

    Quint. 10, 1, 94:

    hic delectatur iambis, Ille Bioneïs sermonibus et sale nigro,

    i. e. biting wit, sarcasm, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 60; Cat. 13, 5:

    qui plurimum in scribendo et salis haberet et fellis nec candoris minus,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 21, 1. —
    (β).
    Neutr. (ante-class.): quicquid loquitur, sal merum est, Afran. ap. Prisc. p. 659 P.; so, (puella) Charitôn mia, tota merum sal, Lucr. 4, 1162.—
    b.
    Plur.:

    Romani veteres atque urbani sales,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 2:

    vestri proavi Plautinos Laudavere sales,

    Hor. A. P. 271; Sen. Vit. Beat. 27, 2:

    periculosi sales,

    id. Tranq. 1, 4:

    libaboque tuos, scite Menandre, sales,

    Prop. 3 (4), 21, 28:

    huic generi orationis aspergentur etiam sales, qui in dicendo minimum quantum valent: quorum duo genera sunt, unum facetiarum, alterum dicacitatis,

    Cic. Or. 26, 87; cf. Quint. 6, 3, 15; 10, 1, 117:

    (Ciceronem) in salibus aliquando frigidum,

    id. 12, 10, 12:

    a salibus suffusis felle refugi,

    Ov. Tr. 2, 565:

    protervi sales,

    Stat. S. 1, 6, 6:

    salibus vehemens intra pomoeria natis,

    Juv. 9, 11.—
    * B.
    (Borrowed from the use of salt as a relish.) Good taste, elegance:

    tectum antiquitus constitutum plus salis quam sumptūs habebat,

    Nep. Att. 13, 2.—
    C.
    Sharpness, pungency, stimulus, incentive:

    quae (sc. calor, sanguis) aviditatem naturali sale augent,

    Plin. 10, 72, 93, § 198.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sal

  • 17 tempero

    tempĕro, āvi, ātum, 1 (old pres. subj. temperint, Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 41; collat. dep. form tempĕror, Lact. 7, 5, 12), v. a. and n. [tempus].
    I.
    Act., to divide or proportion duly, mingle in due proportion; to combine or compound properly; to qualify, temper, etc. (class.; cf.: modifico, misceo).
    A.
    Lit.:

    nec vero qui simplex esse debet, ex dissimilibus rebus misceri et temperari potest,

    Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119:

    qui (orbium motus) acuta cum gravibus temperans varios aequabiliter concentus efficit,

    id. Rep. 6, 18, 18:

    ea cum tria sumpsisset, unam in speciem temperavit,

    id. Univ. 7:

    tale quiddam esse animum, ut sit ex igni atque animă temperatum,

    id. N. D. 3, 14, 36:

    aes conflare et temperare,

    Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 197:

    ferrum,

    id. 34, 14, 41, § 145:

    herbas,

    Ov. F. 5, 402:

    acetum melle,

    Plin. 14, 17, 21, § 114:

    vinum,

    id. 29, 3, 11, § 50: pocula, to flavor, i. e. to fill, Hor. C. 1, 20, 11; id. Epod. 17, 80; Mart. 9, 12, 7:

    venenum,

    Suet. Ner. 2 fin.:

    unguentum,

    Plin. 13, 2, 2, § 18:

    collyrium,

    id. 27, 10, 59, § 83:

    colores,

    id. 2, 18, 16, § 79 et saep.:

    ejusdem solis tum accessus modici tum recessus et frigoris et caloris modum temperant,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49:

    Etesiarum flatu nimii temperantur calores,

    id. ib. 2, 53, 131; cf.:

    vitis solem umbra temperans,

    Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 91: quis aquam (i. e. balneum) temperet ignibus, who shall temper, i. e. warm, Hor. C. 3, 19, 6; so, balneum, Mart. 3, 25, 1:

    scatebrisque arentia temperat arva,

    i. e. waters, Verg. G. 1, 110; so,

    arva (Galesus),

    Claud. Cons. Prob. 260.—
    2.
    Transf., to rule, regulate, govern, manage, arrange, order:

    rem publicam institutis et legibus,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; cf.:

    constituere et temperare civitates,

    id. Ac. 2, 1, 3:

    Lycurgus, qui Lacedaemoniorum rem publicam temperavit,

    id. Div. 1, 43, 96; cf.:

    qui (Juppiter) res hominum ac deorum, Qui mare ac terras variisque mundum Temperat horis,

    Hor. C. 1, 12, 16:

    terram, mare, urbes, etc. (corresp. to regere),

    id. ib. 3, 4, 45:

    mare,

    id. ib. 4, 12, 1:

    aequor,

    Verg. A. 1, 146:

    orbem,

    Ov. M. 1, 770; 15, 869:

    arces aetherias,

    id. ib. 15, 859:

    undas,

    id. ib. 12, 580:

    ratem,

    id. ib. 13, 366:

    solus id navigii genus temperans,

    Vell. 2, 107:

    omnia pretio temperata,

    id. 2, 60:

    senem delirum,

    Hor. S. 2, 5, 71:

    ora frenis,

    id. C. 1, 8, 7 et saep.:

    genius qui natale temperat astrum,

    id. Ep. 2, 2, 187:

    annum,

    id. ib. 1, 12, 16; Plin. 2, 6, 4, § 13:

    caeli fulgura,

    Cic. Leg. 8, 21:

    fortunam suo arbitrio,

    Petr. 137.— Poet.:

    carmen impositis articulis,

    i. e. to tune, Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 80; cf.:

    testudinis aureae strepitum,

    Hor. C. 4, 3, 18:

    Musam pede Archilochi,

    id. Ep. 1, 19, 28 sq.:

    citharam nervis,

    i. e. to string, Ov. M. 10, 108.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To regulate, rule, etc.:

    non modice temperatam sed nimis meracam libertatem sitiens haurire,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 96; cf.:

    cujus acerbitas morum immanitasque naturae ne vino quidem permixta temperari solet,

    id. Phil. 12, 11, 26:

    quod (genus) erit aequatum et temperatum ex tribus optimis rerum publicarum modis,

    id. Rep. 1, 45, 69; cf. id. ib. 2, 39, 65:

    ita in variā et perpetuā oratione hi (numeri) sunt inter se miscendi et temperandi,

    id. Or. 58, 197; so,

    joined with miscere,

    id. Off. 3, 33, 119 (on the contrary, opp. miscere, id. Rep. 2, 23, 42); cf.:

    at haec interdum temperanda et varianda sunt,

    id. Or. 29, 103; 18, 60; 52, 176:

    iracundiam cohibere, victoriam temperare,

    id. Marcell. 3, 8:

    amara lento Temperet risu,

    Hor. C. 2, 16, 27: annonam macelli quotannis temperandam censuit, to be regulated, i. e. fixed at moderate prices, Suet. Tib. 34:

    (Aeolus) Sceptra tenens mollitque animos et temperat iras,

    soothes, allays, Verg. A. 1, 57:

    sumptus,

    Ov. Am. 1, 3, 10:

    Mercurius temperat astra,

    Stat. Th. 1, 305.—
    2.
    Se temperare ab aliquā re, to refrain from, abstain from, forbear, etc. (late Lat.): temperare se a rectorum suorum reprehensione, Greg. M. in Job, 25, 38 init.; 18, 3: ab utro se temperat, Aug. c. Faust. 6, 5 fin.; id. Trin. 3 prooem.
    II.
    Neutr., to observe proper measure; to moderate or restrain one ' s self; to forbear, abstain; to be moderate or temperate (class.; cf. moderor).
    A.
    In gen., constr. with in aliquā re, alicui rei, ab aliquā re, a simple abl., an inf., or ne or quin with subj.
    (α).
    With in and abl.:

    jam istoc probior es, cum in amore temperes,

    Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 8:

    in multa temperarunt tribuni,

    Liv. 2, 52, 5; Sall. J. 85, 9.—
    (β).
    With dat.:

    linguae tempera,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 28; so,

    linguae,

    Liv. 28, 44, 18:

    linguae,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 2:

    manibus,

    Liv. 2, 23, 9; 4, 3, 6; 32, 20, 3; Curt. 7, 2, 24:

    oculis,

    Liv. 21, 22, 7:

    irae,

    id. 33, 20, 7:

    victoriae,

    Sall. C. 11, 8:

    gulae,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 6, 5:

    lacrimis,

    Curt. 7, 2, 7.—
    (γ).
    With ab and abl.:

    temperare ab injuriā et maleficio,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

    a maleficio,

    Auct. Her. 2, 19, 29:

    a lacrimis,

    Verg. A. 2, 8:

    precibus ducis mitigati ab excidio civitatis temperavere,

    Tac. H. 1, 63.—Rarely with sibi, etc.:

    cum sibi in contionibus credas a mendacio temperaturum?

    Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25:

    ne a necessariis quidem sibi rabies temperat,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 26, 4.—
    (δ).
    With abl. alone:

    lacrimis,

    Liv. 30, 20; Tac. A. 15, 16:

    a venatibus,

    Claud. III. Laud. Stil. 270:

    risu,

    Liv. 32, 34, 3: neque verbis adversus principem neque factis, Suet. Vit. Lucan.—
    (ε).
    With inf.:

    matronae Canorā hic voce suā tinnire temperent,

    Plaut. Poen. prol. 33:

    dormire,

    id. ib. 22:

    maledicere huic,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 76: tollere puerum, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 21, 42 (Trag. v. 67 Vahl.):

    exordiri rem novam,

    Gell. 4, 9, 5. —
    (ζ).
    With ne and subj.:

    quoi male faciundi est potestas, quom ne id faciat temperat,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 60:

    quod in pluribus libris ne facerem temperavi,

    Lact. 4, 3, 5.—
    (η).
    With quin (post-Aug.):

    non temperante Tiberio quin premeret,

    Tac. A. 3, 67: ne sedato quidem tumultu temperare potuit, quin, etc., Suet. Claud. 41; id. Calig. 54:

    vix temperabat, quin diceret,

    Sen. Contr. 10, 1 (30), 7:

    Arruntius non temperavit, quin, etc.,

    id. Ep. 114, 19.—
    b.
    With sibi or animis (so not in Cicero):

    neque sibi homines feros temperaturos existimabat, quin, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 33:

    vix sibi temperant quin, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 29, 2; Vell. 1, 16, 1: usque mihi temperavi, dum perducerem eo rem, ut, etc., Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 7, 2:

    nequeo mihi temperare, quominus, etc.,

    Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 41; 1, praef. §

    30: non quivit temperare sibi in eo (signo), etc.,

    id. 34, 8, 19, § 62; Plin. Ep. 6, 17, 1:

    vix temperavere animis, quin, etc.,

    Liv. 5, 45, 7.—
    c.
    Impers. pass.:

    aegre temperatum est, quin, etc.,

    they with difficulty refrained, Liv. 32, 10, 8:

    nec temperatum manibus foret, ni, etc.,

    id. 2, 23, 10:

    jam superfundenti se laetitiae vix temperatum est,

    id. 5, 7, 8:

    ab oppugnatione urbium temperatum,

    id. 7, 20, 9:

    a caedibus,

    id. 25, 25, 9.—
    B.
    In partic., pregn., to forbear, abstain, or refrain from; to spare, be indulgent to any thing (cf.: parco, abstineo); constr. with dat. or ab:

    ut si cuiquam ullā in re umquam temperaverit, ut vos quoque ei temperetis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:

    superatis hostibus (shortly after, parcere),

    id. ib. 2, 2, 2, §

    4: sociis,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 59, §

    154: alicui in aliquā re,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 6, §

    17: amicis,

    id. Balb. 27, 60:

    privignis,

    Hor. C. 3, 24, 18:

    ingenio suo,

    Quint. 10, 1, 98 al.:

    in quo ab sociis temperaverant,

    Liv. 6, 17, 8:

    ab his sacris,

    id. 39, 10, 9:

    quamvis a plerisque cibis singuli temperemus,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 5, 8; cf.:

    a mulso sibi temperare,

    Cels. 4, 31.— Impers. pass.:

    templis deum temperatum est,

    Liv. 1, 29, 6 Drak. N. cr.:

    nec ab ullo temperatum foret,

    id. 24, 31, 11.—Hence,
    A.
    tempĕ-rans, antis, P. a., observing moderation, sober, moderate, temperate (syn.:

    modestus, abstinens): aut temperantem (dices), qui se in aliquā libidine continuerit, in aliquā effuderit?

    Cic. Par. 3, 1, 21:

    homo in omnibus vitae partibus moderatus ac temperans, etc.,

    id. Font. 18, 40; so,

    homo,

    id. Att. 15, 1, 1.— Sup.:

    homo sanctissimus et temperantissimus,

    Cic. Font. 17, 38:

    principes graviores temperantioresque a cupidine imperii,

    refraining, abstaining, Liv. 26, 22, 14 Drak. N. cr. —With gen.:

    famae temperans,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 41:

    temperans gaudii seraeque laetitiae,

    Plin. Pan. 52, 5:

    potestatis temperantior,

    Tac. A. 13, 46.—Hence, adv.: tempĕranter, with moderation, moderately, Tac. A. 4, 33; 15, 29. — Comp., Cic. Att. 9, 2, A, 2.— Sup. seems not to occur.—
    B.
    tempĕrātus, a, um, P. a.
    * 1.
    Duly arranged or prepared:

    prela,

    Cato, R. R. 12.—
    2.
    Limited, moderate, temperate.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    temperatae escae modicaeque potiones,

    Cic. Div. 1, 51, 115:

    regiones caeli neque aestuosae neque frigidae sed temperatae,

    Vitr. 1, 4; cf. Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 26.— Comp.:

    loca temperatiora,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 12:

    o temperatae dulce Formiae litus,

    Mart. 10, 30, 1:

    mitis ac temperatus annus,

    Col. 3, 20, 1; cf. in sup.:

    temperatissimum anni tempus,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 14.—
    (β).
    Trop., of moral character, of speech, etc., moderate, sober, calm, steady, temperate:

    est autem ita temperatis moderatisque moribus, ut summa severitas summā cum humanitate jungatur,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 27:

    justi, temperati, sapientes,

    id. N. D. 3, 36, 87: in victoriā tem, peratior, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 15, 1:

    mens in bonis Ab insolenti temperata Laetitiā,

    Hor. C. 2, 3, 3:

    vim temperatam di provehunt In majus,

    id. ib. 3, 4, 66:

    animum temperatum virtutibus fuisse,

    Liv. 1, 18, 4:

    hoc multo fortius est... illud temperatius,

    Sen. Ep. 18, 3:

    aequabile et temperatum orationis genus,

    Cic. Off. 1, 1, 3:

    oratio modica ac temperata,

    id. Or. 27, 95.— Comp.:

    temperatior oratio,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 53, 212.— Sup.:

    temperatissimi sanctissimique viri monumentum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 38, § 83. — Adv.: tempĕrātē, in due proportion, with moderation, moderately, temperately.
    a.
    Lit.:

    tepebit,

    Cato, R. R. 69, 2:

    arbores umoris temperate, parum terreni habentes,

    Vitr. 2, 9 med. —
    b.
    Trop.:

    agere,

    Cic. Att. 12, 32, 1:

    temperatius scribere,

    id. ib. 13, 1, 1:

    temperatissime et castissime vivere,

    Aug. Mus. 6, 15.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tempero

  • 18 temperor

    tempĕro, āvi, ātum, 1 (old pres. subj. temperint, Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 41; collat. dep. form tempĕror, Lact. 7, 5, 12), v. a. and n. [tempus].
    I.
    Act., to divide or proportion duly, mingle in due proportion; to combine or compound properly; to qualify, temper, etc. (class.; cf.: modifico, misceo).
    A.
    Lit.:

    nec vero qui simplex esse debet, ex dissimilibus rebus misceri et temperari potest,

    Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119:

    qui (orbium motus) acuta cum gravibus temperans varios aequabiliter concentus efficit,

    id. Rep. 6, 18, 18:

    ea cum tria sumpsisset, unam in speciem temperavit,

    id. Univ. 7:

    tale quiddam esse animum, ut sit ex igni atque animă temperatum,

    id. N. D. 3, 14, 36:

    aes conflare et temperare,

    Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 197:

    ferrum,

    id. 34, 14, 41, § 145:

    herbas,

    Ov. F. 5, 402:

    acetum melle,

    Plin. 14, 17, 21, § 114:

    vinum,

    id. 29, 3, 11, § 50: pocula, to flavor, i. e. to fill, Hor. C. 1, 20, 11; id. Epod. 17, 80; Mart. 9, 12, 7:

    venenum,

    Suet. Ner. 2 fin.:

    unguentum,

    Plin. 13, 2, 2, § 18:

    collyrium,

    id. 27, 10, 59, § 83:

    colores,

    id. 2, 18, 16, § 79 et saep.:

    ejusdem solis tum accessus modici tum recessus et frigoris et caloris modum temperant,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49:

    Etesiarum flatu nimii temperantur calores,

    id. ib. 2, 53, 131; cf.:

    vitis solem umbra temperans,

    Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 91: quis aquam (i. e. balneum) temperet ignibus, who shall temper, i. e. warm, Hor. C. 3, 19, 6; so, balneum, Mart. 3, 25, 1:

    scatebrisque arentia temperat arva,

    i. e. waters, Verg. G. 1, 110; so,

    arva (Galesus),

    Claud. Cons. Prob. 260.—
    2.
    Transf., to rule, regulate, govern, manage, arrange, order:

    rem publicam institutis et legibus,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; cf.:

    constituere et temperare civitates,

    id. Ac. 2, 1, 3:

    Lycurgus, qui Lacedaemoniorum rem publicam temperavit,

    id. Div. 1, 43, 96; cf.:

    qui (Juppiter) res hominum ac deorum, Qui mare ac terras variisque mundum Temperat horis,

    Hor. C. 1, 12, 16:

    terram, mare, urbes, etc. (corresp. to regere),

    id. ib. 3, 4, 45:

    mare,

    id. ib. 4, 12, 1:

    aequor,

    Verg. A. 1, 146:

    orbem,

    Ov. M. 1, 770; 15, 869:

    arces aetherias,

    id. ib. 15, 859:

    undas,

    id. ib. 12, 580:

    ratem,

    id. ib. 13, 366:

    solus id navigii genus temperans,

    Vell. 2, 107:

    omnia pretio temperata,

    id. 2, 60:

    senem delirum,

    Hor. S. 2, 5, 71:

    ora frenis,

    id. C. 1, 8, 7 et saep.:

    genius qui natale temperat astrum,

    id. Ep. 2, 2, 187:

    annum,

    id. ib. 1, 12, 16; Plin. 2, 6, 4, § 13:

    caeli fulgura,

    Cic. Leg. 8, 21:

    fortunam suo arbitrio,

    Petr. 137.— Poet.:

    carmen impositis articulis,

    i. e. to tune, Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 80; cf.:

    testudinis aureae strepitum,

    Hor. C. 4, 3, 18:

    Musam pede Archilochi,

    id. Ep. 1, 19, 28 sq.:

    citharam nervis,

    i. e. to string, Ov. M. 10, 108.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To regulate, rule, etc.:

    non modice temperatam sed nimis meracam libertatem sitiens haurire,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 96; cf.:

    cujus acerbitas morum immanitasque naturae ne vino quidem permixta temperari solet,

    id. Phil. 12, 11, 26:

    quod (genus) erit aequatum et temperatum ex tribus optimis rerum publicarum modis,

    id. Rep. 1, 45, 69; cf. id. ib. 2, 39, 65:

    ita in variā et perpetuā oratione hi (numeri) sunt inter se miscendi et temperandi,

    id. Or. 58, 197; so,

    joined with miscere,

    id. Off. 3, 33, 119 (on the contrary, opp. miscere, id. Rep. 2, 23, 42); cf.:

    at haec interdum temperanda et varianda sunt,

    id. Or. 29, 103; 18, 60; 52, 176:

    iracundiam cohibere, victoriam temperare,

    id. Marcell. 3, 8:

    amara lento Temperet risu,

    Hor. C. 2, 16, 27: annonam macelli quotannis temperandam censuit, to be regulated, i. e. fixed at moderate prices, Suet. Tib. 34:

    (Aeolus) Sceptra tenens mollitque animos et temperat iras,

    soothes, allays, Verg. A. 1, 57:

    sumptus,

    Ov. Am. 1, 3, 10:

    Mercurius temperat astra,

    Stat. Th. 1, 305.—
    2.
    Se temperare ab aliquā re, to refrain from, abstain from, forbear, etc. (late Lat.): temperare se a rectorum suorum reprehensione, Greg. M. in Job, 25, 38 init.; 18, 3: ab utro se temperat, Aug. c. Faust. 6, 5 fin.; id. Trin. 3 prooem.
    II.
    Neutr., to observe proper measure; to moderate or restrain one ' s self; to forbear, abstain; to be moderate or temperate (class.; cf. moderor).
    A.
    In gen., constr. with in aliquā re, alicui rei, ab aliquā re, a simple abl., an inf., or ne or quin with subj.
    (α).
    With in and abl.:

    jam istoc probior es, cum in amore temperes,

    Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 8:

    in multa temperarunt tribuni,

    Liv. 2, 52, 5; Sall. J. 85, 9.—
    (β).
    With dat.:

    linguae tempera,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 28; so,

    linguae,

    Liv. 28, 44, 18:

    linguae,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 2:

    manibus,

    Liv. 2, 23, 9; 4, 3, 6; 32, 20, 3; Curt. 7, 2, 24:

    oculis,

    Liv. 21, 22, 7:

    irae,

    id. 33, 20, 7:

    victoriae,

    Sall. C. 11, 8:

    gulae,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 6, 5:

    lacrimis,

    Curt. 7, 2, 7.—
    (γ).
    With ab and abl.:

    temperare ab injuriā et maleficio,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

    a maleficio,

    Auct. Her. 2, 19, 29:

    a lacrimis,

    Verg. A. 2, 8:

    precibus ducis mitigati ab excidio civitatis temperavere,

    Tac. H. 1, 63.—Rarely with sibi, etc.:

    cum sibi in contionibus credas a mendacio temperaturum?

    Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25:

    ne a necessariis quidem sibi rabies temperat,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 26, 4.—
    (δ).
    With abl. alone:

    lacrimis,

    Liv. 30, 20; Tac. A. 15, 16:

    a venatibus,

    Claud. III. Laud. Stil. 270:

    risu,

    Liv. 32, 34, 3: neque verbis adversus principem neque factis, Suet. Vit. Lucan.—
    (ε).
    With inf.:

    matronae Canorā hic voce suā tinnire temperent,

    Plaut. Poen. prol. 33:

    dormire,

    id. ib. 22:

    maledicere huic,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 76: tollere puerum, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 21, 42 (Trag. v. 67 Vahl.):

    exordiri rem novam,

    Gell. 4, 9, 5. —
    (ζ).
    With ne and subj.:

    quoi male faciundi est potestas, quom ne id faciat temperat,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 60:

    quod in pluribus libris ne facerem temperavi,

    Lact. 4, 3, 5.—
    (η).
    With quin (post-Aug.):

    non temperante Tiberio quin premeret,

    Tac. A. 3, 67: ne sedato quidem tumultu temperare potuit, quin, etc., Suet. Claud. 41; id. Calig. 54:

    vix temperabat, quin diceret,

    Sen. Contr. 10, 1 (30), 7:

    Arruntius non temperavit, quin, etc.,

    id. Ep. 114, 19.—
    b.
    With sibi or animis (so not in Cicero):

    neque sibi homines feros temperaturos existimabat, quin, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 33:

    vix sibi temperant quin, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 29, 2; Vell. 1, 16, 1: usque mihi temperavi, dum perducerem eo rem, ut, etc., Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 7, 2:

    nequeo mihi temperare, quominus, etc.,

    Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 41; 1, praef. §

    30: non quivit temperare sibi in eo (signo), etc.,

    id. 34, 8, 19, § 62; Plin. Ep. 6, 17, 1:

    vix temperavere animis, quin, etc.,

    Liv. 5, 45, 7.—
    c.
    Impers. pass.:

    aegre temperatum est, quin, etc.,

    they with difficulty refrained, Liv. 32, 10, 8:

    nec temperatum manibus foret, ni, etc.,

    id. 2, 23, 10:

    jam superfundenti se laetitiae vix temperatum est,

    id. 5, 7, 8:

    ab oppugnatione urbium temperatum,

    id. 7, 20, 9:

    a caedibus,

    id. 25, 25, 9.—
    B.
    In partic., pregn., to forbear, abstain, or refrain from; to spare, be indulgent to any thing (cf.: parco, abstineo); constr. with dat. or ab:

    ut si cuiquam ullā in re umquam temperaverit, ut vos quoque ei temperetis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:

    superatis hostibus (shortly after, parcere),

    id. ib. 2, 2, 2, §

    4: sociis,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 59, §

    154: alicui in aliquā re,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 6, §

    17: amicis,

    id. Balb. 27, 60:

    privignis,

    Hor. C. 3, 24, 18:

    ingenio suo,

    Quint. 10, 1, 98 al.:

    in quo ab sociis temperaverant,

    Liv. 6, 17, 8:

    ab his sacris,

    id. 39, 10, 9:

    quamvis a plerisque cibis singuli temperemus,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 5, 8; cf.:

    a mulso sibi temperare,

    Cels. 4, 31.— Impers. pass.:

    templis deum temperatum est,

    Liv. 1, 29, 6 Drak. N. cr.:

    nec ab ullo temperatum foret,

    id. 24, 31, 11.—Hence,
    A.
    tempĕ-rans, antis, P. a., observing moderation, sober, moderate, temperate (syn.:

    modestus, abstinens): aut temperantem (dices), qui se in aliquā libidine continuerit, in aliquā effuderit?

    Cic. Par. 3, 1, 21:

    homo in omnibus vitae partibus moderatus ac temperans, etc.,

    id. Font. 18, 40; so,

    homo,

    id. Att. 15, 1, 1.— Sup.:

    homo sanctissimus et temperantissimus,

    Cic. Font. 17, 38:

    principes graviores temperantioresque a cupidine imperii,

    refraining, abstaining, Liv. 26, 22, 14 Drak. N. cr. —With gen.:

    famae temperans,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 41:

    temperans gaudii seraeque laetitiae,

    Plin. Pan. 52, 5:

    potestatis temperantior,

    Tac. A. 13, 46.—Hence, adv.: tempĕranter, with moderation, moderately, Tac. A. 4, 33; 15, 29. — Comp., Cic. Att. 9, 2, A, 2.— Sup. seems not to occur.—
    B.
    tempĕrātus, a, um, P. a.
    * 1.
    Duly arranged or prepared:

    prela,

    Cato, R. R. 12.—
    2.
    Limited, moderate, temperate.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    temperatae escae modicaeque potiones,

    Cic. Div. 1, 51, 115:

    regiones caeli neque aestuosae neque frigidae sed temperatae,

    Vitr. 1, 4; cf. Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 26.— Comp.:

    loca temperatiora,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 12:

    o temperatae dulce Formiae litus,

    Mart. 10, 30, 1:

    mitis ac temperatus annus,

    Col. 3, 20, 1; cf. in sup.:

    temperatissimum anni tempus,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 14.—
    (β).
    Trop., of moral character, of speech, etc., moderate, sober, calm, steady, temperate:

    est autem ita temperatis moderatisque moribus, ut summa severitas summā cum humanitate jungatur,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 27:

    justi, temperati, sapientes,

    id. N. D. 3, 36, 87: in victoriā tem, peratior, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 15, 1:

    mens in bonis Ab insolenti temperata Laetitiā,

    Hor. C. 2, 3, 3:

    vim temperatam di provehunt In majus,

    id. ib. 3, 4, 66:

    animum temperatum virtutibus fuisse,

    Liv. 1, 18, 4:

    hoc multo fortius est... illud temperatius,

    Sen. Ep. 18, 3:

    aequabile et temperatum orationis genus,

    Cic. Off. 1, 1, 3:

    oratio modica ac temperata,

    id. Or. 27, 95.— Comp.:

    temperatior oratio,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 53, 212.— Sup.:

    temperatissimi sanctissimique viri monumentum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 38, § 83. — Adv.: tempĕrātē, in due proportion, with moderation, moderately, temperately.
    a.
    Lit.:

    tepebit,

    Cato, R. R. 69, 2:

    arbores umoris temperate, parum terreni habentes,

    Vitr. 2, 9 med. —
    b.
    Trop.:

    agere,

    Cic. Att. 12, 32, 1:

    temperatius scribere,

    id. ib. 13, 1, 1:

    temperatissime et castissime vivere,

    Aug. Mus. 6, 15.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > temperor

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