μώδης

θῡμώδης, θυμώδης

fierce: masc /fem acc pl (attic epic doric)

θῡμώδης, θυμώδης

fierce: masc /fem nom /voc pl (doric aeolic)

θῡμώδης, θυμώδης

fierce: masc /fem nom sg

νεοδαμώδης

lately made one of the people: masc /fem acc pl (attic epic doric)

νεοδαμώδης

lately made one of the people: masc /fem nom /voc pl (doric aeolic)

νεοδαμώδης

lately made one of the people: masc /fem nom sg

νεοδᾱμώδης, νεοδαμώδης

lately made one of the people: masc /fem acc pl (attic epic doric)

νεοδᾱμώδης, νεοδαμώδης

lately made one of the people: masc /fem nom /voc pl (doric aeolic)

νεοδᾱμώδης, νεοδαμώδης

lately made one of the people: masc /fem nom sg

βροχ-μώδης, ες,

A damp, Democr.133.

κνησ-μώδης, ες,

A affected with itching, Hp.Aph.6.9, Aret.SD1.15, Gal.10.261.

II accompanied with itching or irritation, Arist.Pr. 887a35, Gal.7.197. Adv. -

δῶς Id.19.70

.

III causing irritation,

ἅλες Str. 11.13.2

.

πνῑγ-μώδης, ες,

A choking,

βήξ Hp.Epid.7.26

;

φωνή Id.Coac. 261

. Adv.

- δῶς Steph. in Hp.1pp.207,212

D.

σκυλ-μώδης, ες,

A troublesome, bringing trouble, Vett.Val. in Cat.Cod.Astr.8(1).171.

σπαραγ-μώδης, ες,

A f.l.for σπαραγματώδης in Plu.2.130d, and for σπασμώδης in Hp.Epid.7.18.

σπασ-μώδης, ες,

A convulsive, spasmodic, Hp.Prorrh.1.28, Sor.2.26; suffering from convulsions, Id.1.88; τὰ ς. attacks of cramp, Hp.Coac. 100; ἀλγήματα ς. pains which are premonitory symptoms of σπασμοί, Id.Prorrh.1.114. Adv.

- δῶς Gal.17(2).750

, Alex.Trall.7.9.

στεναγ-μώδης, ες,=

A

στεναγματώδης, ἀναπνοή Paul.Aeg.3.20

.

σφυγ-μώδης, ες,

A like the pulse, Arist.Spir. 483a11, v.l. in Hp.Art.40. Adv.

- δῶς Anon.Lond.29.6

, Gal.10.334.

ἐρευγ-μώδης, ες,

A v.l. for ἐρευγματώδης, Hp.Vict.2.42.

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to limit one's breath, to asphyxiate by squeezing, water or vapour, to choke, to drown, to be drowned', also `to muffle, to smother' (Epich., Sophr., IA.); on the meaning `to drown, to be drowned' Schulze BerlAkSb. 1918, 320ff. = Kl. Schr. 148 ff.

Other forms: Aor. πνῖξαι, intr. a. pass. πνῐγ-ῆναι w. fut. - ήσομαι, late πνιχθῆναι, perf. midd. πέπνιγμαι.

Compounds: Also w. prefix, esp. ἀπο- and κατα-.

Derivatives: Several nom. actionis: 1. πνῖγος n. `smothery heat' (IA.; opposite ῥῖγος); 2. πνῖγ-μα n. `suffocating' (Hp.), - μός m. `id.' (Hp., X., Arist.) with - μώδης `suffocating' (Hp.), - μονή f. `id.' (Hdn. Epim.: cf. φλεγμονή, πημονή); 3. πνῖξις ( κατά- πνί̄γω) f. `choking, asphyxiation' (Arist., Thphr.), `drowning' ( PMag. Par.); 4. πνίξ, - γός f. `choking, asphyxiation' (Hp., Dsc.; like φρίξ a.o.; Chantraine Form. 2 f.); 5. πνιγετός m. = πνῖγος (Ptol.; H. s. ἀγχόνη); as πυρ-, παγ-ετός; 6. περιπνιγ-ή f. `suffocation' (Vett. Val.). Nom. agentis: 6. πνῐγεύς m. "suffocator", `cover for extinguishing the coals' (Ar., Arist.), `air chamber' (Hero, Ph. Bel.), `muzzle' (com.), prob. analog. from πνίγω, πνῐγῆναι after τρῑ̃βω, τρῐβ-ῆναι: -ή: - εύς a.o.; vgl. Bosshardt 48; 7. πνικτήρ m. `choker, choking' (Nonn.). Further 8. πνιγ-ῖτις (sc. γῆ) `kind of clay' (Dsc., Plin.; Redard 109; prob. from πνῖγος); 9. - αλίων, - ωνος m. `nightmare, incubus' (medic.); like αἰθαλ-ίων: αἰθ-άλη: αἴθω; 10. πνῑ-γηρός `smothery', esp. `smotheryly hot' (Hp., Att.; from πνῖγος or πνίγω); 11. πνῐγόεις `id.' (Nic., AP; ῐ metr. condit.); 12. περι-, συμ-πνῐγ-ής `suffocated' (Nic., J., D.S., after πνῐγ-ῆναι); 13. πνικτός `steamed, smothered' (com.), `airtight' (Hero), `suffocated, choked' ( Act. Ap.); 14. enlarged πνιγ-ίζω `to choke, to strangle' (AP; influenced by πυγ-ίζω).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]

Etymology: Popular expressive verb without certain connection; one has thought of a cross of several words. The anlaut reminds of πνέω, the auslaut of φρύγω, φώγω, the vowel of κνίψ a. cogn., also of MLG knīpen (s. Κνίφων), but there is no basis for a certain decision. The comparison with some Germ. words for `snuffle', e.g. OHG fnaskazzen (Fick BB 7, 95 etc.; s. Bq and WP. 2, 85), is both semantically and especially phonetically and formally (πνῑγ- from *pn_ezg- [with reduced vowel]??; but fnaskazzen to OWNo. fnasa) quite unsatisfactory. -- The short in πνῐγ-ῆναι etc. can be analogal. -- So no etym.; is the word Pre-Greek?

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Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: approx. `to lacerate, to tear up, to flay', mostly metaph. `to pester, to tire, to bother, to trouble, to vex', midd.-pass. `to strain', aor. act. `to infest, to plunder' (pap., inscr., NT, late prose; rarely poet.: A., Nic., AP; s. bel.).

Other forms: esp. aor. σκῦλ-αι, pass. - ῆναι (- ηθῆναι Eust.); fut. - ήσομαι, perf. midd. ἔσκυλμαι.

Compounds: Rarely w. ἀπο-, ἐπι-, προ-, συν-.

Derivatives: 1. σκυλ-μός m. `bothering, tribulation' (hell. a. late), `the rending' (sch.) with - μώδης (Vett. Val.); 2. - μα ( κόμης) n. `the tussling, tousling, tousled hair' (AP); 3. σκύλσις θυμός, σάλος, ταραχή H., - τικός (Vett. Val.). -- 4. σκύλος n. ( σκύλα pl. Nic. Th. 422) `stripped hide, skin' (Call., Theoc., AP; cf. δέρμα: δέρω), `nutshell' (Nic.); as 1. member in σκῠλο-δέψης m. `tanner' (Ar.), - ός `id.' (D.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 112f.). Also σκῦλος n. (Herod. 3, 68 with ῦ after σκῦτος, if not miswritten for it). -- On κοσκυλμάτια s. v.

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: Together with its derivations σκύλλω is esp. known from the later colloquial language and in the metaph. meaning `pester etc.'. Through adaptation to σκῦλον the aor. σκῦλαι got the meaning of `harass, plunder' ( ἱερόν etc.). Similarly ( ἀπο-)σκύλαιο aor. opt. midd. 2. sg. of the hair and head `abrade, uncover' (Nic.), to which further ἔσκυλται ( κόμη) `is teared apart, tousled' (AP); from the older language only pres. σκύλλονται `they are (by the fishes) stripped of their flesh', of the drowned warriors (A. Pers. 577 [lyr.]) and he noun σκῠλο-δέψης; to this with metathesis ξύλλεσθαι = σκύλλεσθαι, συλᾶσθαι ( SIG 56, 3; Argos V^a; cf. Schwyzer 329). -- Since long (s. Curtius 169, WP. 2, 591, Pok. 923f.) connected with the group of σκάλλω (s. v.), where υ in σκύλλω would be a reduced vowel (Schwyzer 351) [which is impossible]. Or cross with μιστύλλω and other verbs in - ύλλω ? -- Diff. Persson Beitr. 1, 375 (s. Bq). -- Cf. σκῦλα, - ον, also συλάω.

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Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to moan, to drone, to groan, to lament', also trans. `to mourn, to bewail' (ep. poet. Il., also late prose).

Other forms: rare - ομαι, only pres. a. ipf.

Compounds: Also w. prefix, e.g. ἀνα-, ἐπι-, μετα-, ὑπο-. Compp. e.g. ἀγά-στονος `moaning loudly, roaring' (Od. a.o.)

Derivatives: Expressive enlargements, partly metr. condit. (Schwyzer 105 w. lit., 736; Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 112): 1. στεν-άζω, aor. - άξαι, fut. - άξω, also w. ἀνα-, ἐπι- a.o. (poet., also Hdt., D., LXX, Plu. a.o.). 2. στεν-άχω, - άχομαι, - αχέω, - αχῆσαι, - αχίζω, - αχίζομαι, also w. ἀνα-, ἐπι-, περι- a.o. (mostly ep. Il.); on the formation Schwyzer 702; nearest example ἰάχω (Risch 243) ?, not old disyll rootform (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1,330). -- From στένω: 1. Στέν-τωρ m. PN (Ε 785; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 14 w. n. 1, Benveniste Noms d'agent 54). 2. στόνος m. `the moaning etc.' (ep. poet. Il.); στονό-εις ( στονόϜεσαν f. sg. Corc. VI<sup>a</sup>) `full of moaning, causing moaning, woeful' (ep. poet. Il.; untenable on Ω 721 Szemerényi Sprache 11, 13 ff.). From στενάζω: στεναγ-μός m. `the moaning, sighing (Pi., trag., Pl.) with - μώδης (Paul. Aeg.); - μα n. `id.' (S., E., Ar.) with - ματώδης (Gal.). From στενάχω: στοναχή f. `id.' (ep. poet. Il.) with - αχέω, - αχῆσαι, - αχίζω, also w. ἐπι-, παρα- a.o. (ep. poet. Il.; besides, often as v.l., στεναχέω, - αχίζω); the o-vowel after στόνος (*στονή?), cf. also φορέω etc. (diff. Porzig Satzinhalte 231); with στοναχή cf. also καναχή, ταραχή a.o. (Schwyzer 498).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1021] * sten- `groan'

Etymology: The fullgrade thematic στένω agrees in form and sense exactly with Skt. stanati `drone, thunder', Lith. stenù, Germ., e.g. OE stenan `moan, groan', IE *sténō. Thus στόνος = Russ. stón `groan, moan', Skt. abhiṣṭaná- `roaring thunder'; perh old parallel formations. Besides yotpresents: with full grade OCS. stenjǫ `στένω', with zero grade OE stunian, OWNo. stynja `id.' Athemat. ipf. Skt. stan (IE * sten-t); to this ipv. stanihi after anihi, rudihi a.o. A riming word or an old s-less byform is Aeol. τέννει στένει, βρύχεται H., (may be from *sten(h₂)ye\/o- with Pinault 1981, 267) which may agree with Skt. tanyati `sound loudly, thunder'; tanyati cann however also contain a zero grade and is then to be identified with OE Þunian `sound, recound'. Whether the velar in στενάχω is genetically connected to the similar formation in OE stenecian `cough', OWNo. stan-ka `moan', is very doubtful; in any case στενάζω is to be sonsidered as a Greek innovation. -- Further forms, for Greek without interest, in WP. 2, 626 f., Pok. 1021, W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. tonō, Fraenkel s. stenė́ti, Vasmer s. stenátь and stón; there also further lit.

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Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to beat violently', of the pulse, `to twitch, to rush to something' (Hp., Pl., Arist., Thphr. a.o.).

Other forms: Dor. (Theoc.) σφύσδω, only pres. a. ipf.

Derivatives: σφυγ-μός m. `pulse-beat, heartbeat, twitch' (Hp., Arist., Plu. a.o.) with - μώδης and - ματώδης (as if from *σφύγμα) `twitching like a pulse' (Arist., medic. a.o.). - μικός `of the pulse' (medic.); σφύξις f. `id.' (Arist., Gal.). Privative formation ἄ-σφυκ-τος `without pulse-beat, easy' with - τέω, ἀσφυξ-ία; also ἀ-σφυγμ-ία f. (medic.). Newly formed present σφύττω `to strive eagerly' (D. Chr.).

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: Expressive present, in form and meaning resembling σφαδάζω, σπεύδω a.o.; s. the rather fruitless considerations by Persson Beitr. 1, 415 f. (after him Bq. WP. 2, 659, Pok. 998f.).

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