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undetermined

  • 1 dubio

    dŭbĭus, a, um, adj. [for duhibius, duohabeo, held as two or double, i. e. doubtful; cf. dubito, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 1027].
    I.
    Moving in two directions alternately, vibrating to and fro, fluctuating (cf. ambiguus, anceps, incertus, perplexus, duplex).
    A.
    Lit. (very rare):

    ut vas non quit constare, nisi humor Destitit in dubio fluctu jactarier intus,

    Lucr. 6, 556; cf.:

    fluctibus dubiis volvi coeptum est mare,

    Liv. 37, 16, 4.—Far more freq. and class.,
    B.
    Trop., vacillating in mind, uncertain.
    1.
    Act.
    a.
    Wavering in opinion, doubting, doubtful, dubious, uncertain, = ambigens, haesitans, etc.:

    sin est is homo, anni multi me dubiam dant,

    Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 17:

    quae res est, quae cujusquam animum in hac causa dubium facere possit?

    Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10.— With an interrog. clause, A. and S. Gr. §

    213 R. 4 (1.): temptat dubiam mentem rationis egestas, ecquae nam fuerit mundi genitalis origo,

    Lucr. 5, 1211; cf.:

    equites procul visi ab dubiis, quinam essent,

    Liv. 4, 40:

    dubius sum, quid faciam,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 40:

    dubius, unde rumperet silentium,

    id. Epod. 5, 85:

    spemque metumque inter dubii, seu vivere credant, Sive extrema pati,

    Verg. A. 1, 218; cf. Liv. 1, 42:

    Philippus non dubius, quin, etc.,

    id. 31, 42:

    haud dubius quin,

    id. 42, 14; Curt. 5, 12.—With acc. and inf.:

    dictator minime dubius, bellum cum his populis Patres jussuros,

    Liv. 6, 14; so,

    haud dubius,

    id. 31, 24; Curt. 9, 7:

    nec sum animi dubius, verbis ea vincere magnum Quam sit,

    well aware how hard it is, Verg. G. 3, 289; so,

    dubius with the genitives animi, Auct. B. Alex. 56, 2: mentis,

    Ov. F. 6, 572:

    consilii,

    Just. 2, 13:

    sententiae,

    Liv. 33, 25 Drak.:

    salutis,

    Ov. M. 15, 438:

    vitae,

    id. Tr. 3, 3, 25:

    fati,

    Luc. 7, 611 al.; cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 437; A. and S. Gr. § 213 R. 1 ( a.).—
    b.
    Wavering in resolution, irresolute, undecided (very rare):

    dubio atque haesitante Jugurtha incolumes transeunt,

    Sall. J. 107, 6; cf.

    hostes (opp. firmi),

    id. ib. 51 fin.:

    nutantes ac dubiae civitates,

    Suet. Caes. 4 fin.:

    quid faciat dubius,

    Ov. M. 8, 441.— Poet. transf.:

    cuspis,

    Sil. 4, 188.—
    2.
    Pass., that is doubted of, uncertain, doubtful, dubious, undetermined (so most freq. in all periods and kinds of composition):

    videsne igitur, quae dubia sint, ea sumi pro certis atque concessis?

    Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf. id. ib. 2, 50 fin.; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67; id. de Or. 1, 20, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; Quint. 3, 4, 8; 7, 8, 6:

    nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas Ab dubiis,

    Lucr. 4, 468 (cf. verba, vague language, opp. aperta, Quint. 7, 2, 48):

    jus, opp. certum,

    id. 12, 3, 6;

    opp. confessum,

    id. 7, 7, 7:

    in regno, ubi ne obscura quidem est aut dubia servitus,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 31:

    dubium vel anceps genus causarum,

    Quint. 4, 1, 40; cf. id. 9, 2, 69: dubii variique casus, Auct. ap. Cic. Clu. 21, 58:

    et incerta societas,

    Suet. Aug. 17 et saep.:

    quia sciebam dubiam esse fortunam scenicam, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 8: salus (opp. aperta pernicies),

    Cic. N. D. 3, 27, 69:

    spes pacis,

    id. Att. 8, 13:

    victoria,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 80, 6; cf.:

    victoria, praeda, laus,

    Sall. J. 85, 48:

    Marte,

    Vell. 2, 55, 3:

    spes armorum,

    id. 2, 71:

    discrimen pugnae,

    indecisive, Sil. 5, 519:

    proelia,

    Tac. G. 6:

    auctor,

    unknown, Ov. M. 12, 61 et saep.:

    an auspicia repetenda, ne quid dubiis diis agerem?

    i. e. unassured of their favor, Liv. 8, 32:

    dubii socii suspensaeque ex fortuna fidei (opp. fideles socii and certi hostes),

    id. 44, 18; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 5:

    Hispaniae,

    Tac. A. 3, 44; cf.:

    gens dubiae ad id voluntatis,

    Liv. 9, 15:

    lux,

    i. e. morning twilight, dawn, Ov. M. 11, 596:

    sidera,

    Juv. 5, 22; cf.

    nox,

    evening twilight, Ov. M. 4, 401:

    caelum,

    i. e. over cast, Verg. G. 1, 252:

    fulgor solis,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 670; cf.:

    et quasi languidus dies,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 6:

    dubiāque tegens lanugine malas,

    i. e. between down and a beard, Ov. M. 9, 398; 13, 754; cf.:

    dubia lanuginis umbra, Claud. Epith. Pall. et Cel. 42: vina,

    not sure to ripen, Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 319:

    consilia,

    wavering, Tac. Agr. 18 et saep.:

    hunc annum sequitur annus haud dubiis consulibus (shortly thereafter the contrary: Papirius Semproniusque, quorum de consulatu dubitabatur),

    Liv. 4, 8; so,

    haud dubius praetor,

    id. 39, 39 fin.:

    haud dubii hostes,

    open enemies, id. 37, 49:

    haud dubii Galli (opp. degeneres, mixti, Gallograeci vere),

    id. 38, 17: cena dubia, see below, II.—
    b.
    In the neutr. absol.
    (α).
    (Non, haud) dubium est, it is ( not, not at all) doubtful, uncertain, undecided. (aa) Absol.:

    si quid erit dubium,

    Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 40:

    haud dubium id quidem est,

    id. Poen. 3, 4, 27; Ter. And. 2, 3, 25; cf.

    in the interrog.: o! dubiumne id est?

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 49; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 46; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 9; and with the dat.:

    an dubium id tibi est?

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 38; Cic. Fam. 4, 15.—(bb) With de:

    de Pompeii exitu mihi dubium numquam fuit,

    Cic. Att. 11, 6, 5; so,

    de eorum jure,

    id. de Or. 1, 57:

    de re,

    Quint. 7, 3, 4; cf. id. 7, 6, 3.—(ng) With an interrog. clause:

    illud dubium (est), ad id, quod summum bonum dicitis, ecquaenam fieri possit accessio,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67; cf. Quint. 7, 9, 12:

    hoc ergo, credo, dubium est, uter nostrum sit verecundior,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 41, 126:

    hoc enim dubium est, utrum... an,

    Quint. 6, 3, 83:

    Ambiorix copias suas judicione non conduxerit... an tempore exclusus, dubium est,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 31, 1:

    an dubium vobis fuit inesse vis aliqua videretur necne?

    Cic. Caecin. 11, 31 et saep.—Since the Aug. per. freq. dubium, absol. and adv.:

    codicilli, dubium ad quem scripti,

    Quint. 7, 2, 52:

    quo postquam dubium pius an sceleratus, Orestes venerat,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 69; Suet. Caes. 58; id. Aug. 28; id. Tib. 10; Flor. 1, 1, 12; 2, 14, 3:

    Erechtheus, Justitiā dubium validisne potentior armis,

    Ov. M. 6, 678; cf. id. Pont. 3, 1, 17:

    neque multo post exstincto Maximo, dubium an quaesita morte,

    Tac. A. 1, 5; Flor. 1, 1, 8; 4, 2, 91 al.—(dd) Non dubium est quin uxorem nolit filius, Ter. And. 1, 2, 1; id. Eun. 5, 6, 27; Cic. de Or. 2, 8, 32; id. Att. 13, 45; Quint. 11, 2, 10 et saep.:

    haud dubium est, quin,

    Ter. And. 2, 3, 17; 3, 2, 50; id. Ad. 5, 9, 19;

    and interrog.,

    Quint. 3, 2, 1; 10, 1, 5. —(ee) With acc. and inf.:

    periisso me una haud dubium est,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 46; so Liv. 38, 6; Suet. Caes. 52 fin.; cf.

    interrog.: an dubium tibi est, eam esse hanc?

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 9.—Ellipt.:

    si exploratum tibi sit posse te, etc., non esse cunctandum: si dubium sit, non esse conandum,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5.—
    (β).
    Dubium habere, to regard as uncertain, to doubt:

    an tu dubium habebis, etiam sancte quom jurem tibi?

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112:

    an dubium habetis, num obficere quid vobis possit? etc.,

    Sall. H. Fragm. III. 61, 8 Dietsch; cf.:

    haec habere dubia, neque, etc.,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 9 fin. —
    (γ).
    In dubium:

    in dubium vocare,

    to call in question, Cic. de Or. 2, 34; cf.: illud me dixisse nemo vocabit in dubium, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 5. Vid. also under 3. b.:

    venire in dubium,

    Cic. Quint. 2; id. ib. 21, 67; Liv. 3, 13; cf.:

    alii non veniunt in dubium de voluntate,

    i. e. there is no doubt what their wish is, Cic. Att. 11, 15, 2. Vid. also under 3. b.—
    (δ).
    In dubio, in doubt, in question, undetermined:

    dum in dubio est animus,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; cf. Luc. 7, 247:

    in dubioque fuere utrorum ad regna cadendum esset, etc.,

    Lucr. 3, 836; cf. id. 1085; Quint. 7, 9, 9:

    aestate potius quam hieme dandum, non est in dubio,

    Plin. 25, 5, 24, § 59 et saep.:

    ut in dubio poneret, utrum... an, etc.,

    Liv. 34, 5. Vid. also 3. b.—
    (ε).
    Sine dubio, without doubt, doubtless, indisputably, certainly (very freq.; in Cic. more than twenty times; not in Caes. and Sall.): Th. Numquid dubitas quin? etc. Gn. Sine dubio, opinor, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2; 47; id. Cat. 2, 1; id. Balb. 24, 55; id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18; id. Off. 1, 29, 102; id. N. D. 1, 9, 23; id. Att. 1, 19, 2 et saep. Vid. the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 134 sq. Sometimes, esp. in Quint., with adversative particles: sed, verum, at, etc., no doubt, doubtless... but, yet, etc.: cum te togatis omnibus sine dubio anteferret... sed, etc.. Cic. N. D. 1, 21, 58; so with sed, id. de Or, 3, 57; Quint. 1, 6, 38; 5, 10, 53; 6, 3, 64;

    with sed tamen,

    id. 12, 6, 7;

    with tamen,

    id. 3, 8, 21; 5, 7, 28; 6, 4, 12;

    with verum,

    id. 8 prooem. § 33;

    with at,

    id. 8, 3, 67;

    with autem,

    id. 1, 6, 12 Spald.—
    (ζ).
    Procul dubio, beyond question, undoubtedly (very rare), Lucr. 3, 638; Liv. 39, 40 fin.; Plin. 18, 21, 50, § 187; and:

    dubio procul,

    Lucr. 1, 812; 2, 261.—
    3.
    Meton., like anceps (4), doubtful, dubious, i. e. precarious, dangerous, critical, difficult (freq. but mostly poet.):

    res dubias, egenas, inopiosas consili,

    critical condition, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 2; so,

    res,

    id. Capt. 2, 3, 46; id. Most. 5, 1, 1; Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; id. J. 14, 5; Liv. 2, 50 fin.; Tac. A. 2, 62; Verg. A. 6, 196; 11, 445 al.; cf.

    pericla (with advorsae res),

    Lucr. 3, 55; 1076:

    tempora (opp. secunda),

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:

    mons erat ascensu dubius,

    Prop. 4, 4, 83; cf.:

    quae (loca) dubia nisu videbantur,

    Sall. J. 94, 2.—
    b.
    In the neutr. absol. (i. q. discrimen, II. B. 2, and periculum):

    mea quidem hercle certe in dubio vita est,

    is in danger, Ter. And. 2, 2, 10 Ruhnk.; Sall. C. 52, 6; cf. Ov. Am. 2, 13, 2:

    sese suas exercitusque fortunas in dubium non devocaturum,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 7, 6; cf. Cic. Caecin. 27, 76:

    tua fama et gnatae vita in dubium veniet,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 42; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 35; Ov. H. 16, 138 Loers.— Plur. as subst.:

    hinc Italae gentes in dubiis responsa petunt,

    Verg. A. 7, 86:

    mens dubiis percussa pavet,

    Luc. 6, 596.
    II.
    For the syn. varius, manifold, various (only in the foll. passages): o multimodis variūm et dubiūm et prosperūm copem diem, Pac. ap. Non. 84, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 115, ed. Rib.). And so prob. is to be explained dubia cena, a multifarious, richly provided supper, Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 28 (for the subjoined explanation of Terence: ubi tu dubites, quid sumas potissimum, is only outwardly adapted to the meaning of dubius); so,

    dubia cena,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 77; and:

    fercula dubiae cenae,

    Aus. Mos. 102; Hier. Ep. 22, no. 16.—Hence, adv., in two forms.
    (α).
    dŭbĭe (acc. to I. B. 1.), doubtfully, dubiously (not in Plaut., Ter., or Caes.):

    potest accidere, ut aliquod signum dubie datum pro certo sit acceptum,

    Cic. Div. 1, 55.—Esp. freq. (particularly since the Aug. per.) with negatives: haud (rarely non) dubie, undoubtedly, indisputably, positively, certainly:

    etsi non dubie mihi nuntiabatur Parthos transisse Euphratem, tamen, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 1 (nowhere else as an adv. in Cic.):

    non dubie,

    Quint. 7, 2, 6; 9, 4, 67; Front. Strat. 2, 3, 16; and with sed (cf. dubius, I. B. 2. b. e), Quint. 11, 2, 1; so,

    too, nec dubie,

    Liv. 2, 23 fin.; Quint. 2, 14, 2;

    and with verum,

    id. 3, 4, 1;

    with sed,

    Tac. A. 4, 19 fin.: haud dubie jam victor, [p. 615] Sall. J. 102, 1 (cf. on the contrary in Cic.: sine ulla dubitatione hostis, Phil. 14, 4, 10; cf. Liv. 3, 38; Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 5); so,

    haud dubie,

    Liv. 1, 9; 13; 3, 24; 38; 53; 4, 2; 23; 5, 10 fin.; 33 fin.; 49 fin. et saep. (about 70 times; see the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 138); Quint. 10, 1, 85; Tac. A. 2, 43; 88; id. H. 1, 7; 46; 72; 3, 86; 4, 27 fin.; 80; id. G. 28; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Calig. 9; id. Galb. 2; Vulg. Lev. 13, 43.—
    (β).
    dubio = dubie, App. M. 9, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dubio

  • 2 dubium

    dŭbĭus, a, um, adj. [for duhibius, duohabeo, held as two or double, i. e. doubtful; cf. dubito, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 1027].
    I.
    Moving in two directions alternately, vibrating to and fro, fluctuating (cf. ambiguus, anceps, incertus, perplexus, duplex).
    A.
    Lit. (very rare):

    ut vas non quit constare, nisi humor Destitit in dubio fluctu jactarier intus,

    Lucr. 6, 556; cf.:

    fluctibus dubiis volvi coeptum est mare,

    Liv. 37, 16, 4.—Far more freq. and class.,
    B.
    Trop., vacillating in mind, uncertain.
    1.
    Act.
    a.
    Wavering in opinion, doubting, doubtful, dubious, uncertain, = ambigens, haesitans, etc.:

    sin est is homo, anni multi me dubiam dant,

    Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 17:

    quae res est, quae cujusquam animum in hac causa dubium facere possit?

    Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10.— With an interrog. clause, A. and S. Gr. §

    213 R. 4 (1.): temptat dubiam mentem rationis egestas, ecquae nam fuerit mundi genitalis origo,

    Lucr. 5, 1211; cf.:

    equites procul visi ab dubiis, quinam essent,

    Liv. 4, 40:

    dubius sum, quid faciam,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 40:

    dubius, unde rumperet silentium,

    id. Epod. 5, 85:

    spemque metumque inter dubii, seu vivere credant, Sive extrema pati,

    Verg. A. 1, 218; cf. Liv. 1, 42:

    Philippus non dubius, quin, etc.,

    id. 31, 42:

    haud dubius quin,

    id. 42, 14; Curt. 5, 12.—With acc. and inf.:

    dictator minime dubius, bellum cum his populis Patres jussuros,

    Liv. 6, 14; so,

    haud dubius,

    id. 31, 24; Curt. 9, 7:

    nec sum animi dubius, verbis ea vincere magnum Quam sit,

    well aware how hard it is, Verg. G. 3, 289; so,

    dubius with the genitives animi, Auct. B. Alex. 56, 2: mentis,

    Ov. F. 6, 572:

    consilii,

    Just. 2, 13:

    sententiae,

    Liv. 33, 25 Drak.:

    salutis,

    Ov. M. 15, 438:

    vitae,

    id. Tr. 3, 3, 25:

    fati,

    Luc. 7, 611 al.; cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 437; A. and S. Gr. § 213 R. 1 ( a.).—
    b.
    Wavering in resolution, irresolute, undecided (very rare):

    dubio atque haesitante Jugurtha incolumes transeunt,

    Sall. J. 107, 6; cf.

    hostes (opp. firmi),

    id. ib. 51 fin.:

    nutantes ac dubiae civitates,

    Suet. Caes. 4 fin.:

    quid faciat dubius,

    Ov. M. 8, 441.— Poet. transf.:

    cuspis,

    Sil. 4, 188.—
    2.
    Pass., that is doubted of, uncertain, doubtful, dubious, undetermined (so most freq. in all periods and kinds of composition):

    videsne igitur, quae dubia sint, ea sumi pro certis atque concessis?

    Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf. id. ib. 2, 50 fin.; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67; id. de Or. 1, 20, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; Quint. 3, 4, 8; 7, 8, 6:

    nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas Ab dubiis,

    Lucr. 4, 468 (cf. verba, vague language, opp. aperta, Quint. 7, 2, 48):

    jus, opp. certum,

    id. 12, 3, 6;

    opp. confessum,

    id. 7, 7, 7:

    in regno, ubi ne obscura quidem est aut dubia servitus,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 31:

    dubium vel anceps genus causarum,

    Quint. 4, 1, 40; cf. id. 9, 2, 69: dubii variique casus, Auct. ap. Cic. Clu. 21, 58:

    et incerta societas,

    Suet. Aug. 17 et saep.:

    quia sciebam dubiam esse fortunam scenicam, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 8: salus (opp. aperta pernicies),

    Cic. N. D. 3, 27, 69:

    spes pacis,

    id. Att. 8, 13:

    victoria,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 80, 6; cf.:

    victoria, praeda, laus,

    Sall. J. 85, 48:

    Marte,

    Vell. 2, 55, 3:

    spes armorum,

    id. 2, 71:

    discrimen pugnae,

    indecisive, Sil. 5, 519:

    proelia,

    Tac. G. 6:

    auctor,

    unknown, Ov. M. 12, 61 et saep.:

    an auspicia repetenda, ne quid dubiis diis agerem?

    i. e. unassured of their favor, Liv. 8, 32:

    dubii socii suspensaeque ex fortuna fidei (opp. fideles socii and certi hostes),

    id. 44, 18; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 5:

    Hispaniae,

    Tac. A. 3, 44; cf.:

    gens dubiae ad id voluntatis,

    Liv. 9, 15:

    lux,

    i. e. morning twilight, dawn, Ov. M. 11, 596:

    sidera,

    Juv. 5, 22; cf.

    nox,

    evening twilight, Ov. M. 4, 401:

    caelum,

    i. e. over cast, Verg. G. 1, 252:

    fulgor solis,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 670; cf.:

    et quasi languidus dies,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 6:

    dubiāque tegens lanugine malas,

    i. e. between down and a beard, Ov. M. 9, 398; 13, 754; cf.:

    dubia lanuginis umbra, Claud. Epith. Pall. et Cel. 42: vina,

    not sure to ripen, Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 319:

    consilia,

    wavering, Tac. Agr. 18 et saep.:

    hunc annum sequitur annus haud dubiis consulibus (shortly thereafter the contrary: Papirius Semproniusque, quorum de consulatu dubitabatur),

    Liv. 4, 8; so,

    haud dubius praetor,

    id. 39, 39 fin.:

    haud dubii hostes,

    open enemies, id. 37, 49:

    haud dubii Galli (opp. degeneres, mixti, Gallograeci vere),

    id. 38, 17: cena dubia, see below, II.—
    b.
    In the neutr. absol.
    (α).
    (Non, haud) dubium est, it is ( not, not at all) doubtful, uncertain, undecided. (aa) Absol.:

    si quid erit dubium,

    Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 40:

    haud dubium id quidem est,

    id. Poen. 3, 4, 27; Ter. And. 2, 3, 25; cf.

    in the interrog.: o! dubiumne id est?

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 49; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 46; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 9; and with the dat.:

    an dubium id tibi est?

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 38; Cic. Fam. 4, 15.—(bb) With de:

    de Pompeii exitu mihi dubium numquam fuit,

    Cic. Att. 11, 6, 5; so,

    de eorum jure,

    id. de Or. 1, 57:

    de re,

    Quint. 7, 3, 4; cf. id. 7, 6, 3.—(ng) With an interrog. clause:

    illud dubium (est), ad id, quod summum bonum dicitis, ecquaenam fieri possit accessio,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67; cf. Quint. 7, 9, 12:

    hoc ergo, credo, dubium est, uter nostrum sit verecundior,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 41, 126:

    hoc enim dubium est, utrum... an,

    Quint. 6, 3, 83:

    Ambiorix copias suas judicione non conduxerit... an tempore exclusus, dubium est,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 31, 1:

    an dubium vobis fuit inesse vis aliqua videretur necne?

    Cic. Caecin. 11, 31 et saep.—Since the Aug. per. freq. dubium, absol. and adv.:

    codicilli, dubium ad quem scripti,

    Quint. 7, 2, 52:

    quo postquam dubium pius an sceleratus, Orestes venerat,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 69; Suet. Caes. 58; id. Aug. 28; id. Tib. 10; Flor. 1, 1, 12; 2, 14, 3:

    Erechtheus, Justitiā dubium validisne potentior armis,

    Ov. M. 6, 678; cf. id. Pont. 3, 1, 17:

    neque multo post exstincto Maximo, dubium an quaesita morte,

    Tac. A. 1, 5; Flor. 1, 1, 8; 4, 2, 91 al.—(dd) Non dubium est quin uxorem nolit filius, Ter. And. 1, 2, 1; id. Eun. 5, 6, 27; Cic. de Or. 2, 8, 32; id. Att. 13, 45; Quint. 11, 2, 10 et saep.:

    haud dubium est, quin,

    Ter. And. 2, 3, 17; 3, 2, 50; id. Ad. 5, 9, 19;

    and interrog.,

    Quint. 3, 2, 1; 10, 1, 5. —(ee) With acc. and inf.:

    periisso me una haud dubium est,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 46; so Liv. 38, 6; Suet. Caes. 52 fin.; cf.

    interrog.: an dubium tibi est, eam esse hanc?

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 9.—Ellipt.:

    si exploratum tibi sit posse te, etc., non esse cunctandum: si dubium sit, non esse conandum,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5.—
    (β).
    Dubium habere, to regard as uncertain, to doubt:

    an tu dubium habebis, etiam sancte quom jurem tibi?

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112:

    an dubium habetis, num obficere quid vobis possit? etc.,

    Sall. H. Fragm. III. 61, 8 Dietsch; cf.:

    haec habere dubia, neque, etc.,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 9 fin. —
    (γ).
    In dubium:

    in dubium vocare,

    to call in question, Cic. de Or. 2, 34; cf.: illud me dixisse nemo vocabit in dubium, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 5. Vid. also under 3. b.:

    venire in dubium,

    Cic. Quint. 2; id. ib. 21, 67; Liv. 3, 13; cf.:

    alii non veniunt in dubium de voluntate,

    i. e. there is no doubt what their wish is, Cic. Att. 11, 15, 2. Vid. also under 3. b.—
    (δ).
    In dubio, in doubt, in question, undetermined:

    dum in dubio est animus,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; cf. Luc. 7, 247:

    in dubioque fuere utrorum ad regna cadendum esset, etc.,

    Lucr. 3, 836; cf. id. 1085; Quint. 7, 9, 9:

    aestate potius quam hieme dandum, non est in dubio,

    Plin. 25, 5, 24, § 59 et saep.:

    ut in dubio poneret, utrum... an, etc.,

    Liv. 34, 5. Vid. also 3. b.—
    (ε).
    Sine dubio, without doubt, doubtless, indisputably, certainly (very freq.; in Cic. more than twenty times; not in Caes. and Sall.): Th. Numquid dubitas quin? etc. Gn. Sine dubio, opinor, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2; 47; id. Cat. 2, 1; id. Balb. 24, 55; id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18; id. Off. 1, 29, 102; id. N. D. 1, 9, 23; id. Att. 1, 19, 2 et saep. Vid. the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 134 sq. Sometimes, esp. in Quint., with adversative particles: sed, verum, at, etc., no doubt, doubtless... but, yet, etc.: cum te togatis omnibus sine dubio anteferret... sed, etc.. Cic. N. D. 1, 21, 58; so with sed, id. de Or, 3, 57; Quint. 1, 6, 38; 5, 10, 53; 6, 3, 64;

    with sed tamen,

    id. 12, 6, 7;

    with tamen,

    id. 3, 8, 21; 5, 7, 28; 6, 4, 12;

    with verum,

    id. 8 prooem. § 33;

    with at,

    id. 8, 3, 67;

    with autem,

    id. 1, 6, 12 Spald.—
    (ζ).
    Procul dubio, beyond question, undoubtedly (very rare), Lucr. 3, 638; Liv. 39, 40 fin.; Plin. 18, 21, 50, § 187; and:

    dubio procul,

    Lucr. 1, 812; 2, 261.—
    3.
    Meton., like anceps (4), doubtful, dubious, i. e. precarious, dangerous, critical, difficult (freq. but mostly poet.):

    res dubias, egenas, inopiosas consili,

    critical condition, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 2; so,

    res,

    id. Capt. 2, 3, 46; id. Most. 5, 1, 1; Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; id. J. 14, 5; Liv. 2, 50 fin.; Tac. A. 2, 62; Verg. A. 6, 196; 11, 445 al.; cf.

    pericla (with advorsae res),

    Lucr. 3, 55; 1076:

    tempora (opp. secunda),

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:

    mons erat ascensu dubius,

    Prop. 4, 4, 83; cf.:

    quae (loca) dubia nisu videbantur,

    Sall. J. 94, 2.—
    b.
    In the neutr. absol. (i. q. discrimen, II. B. 2, and periculum):

    mea quidem hercle certe in dubio vita est,

    is in danger, Ter. And. 2, 2, 10 Ruhnk.; Sall. C. 52, 6; cf. Ov. Am. 2, 13, 2:

    sese suas exercitusque fortunas in dubium non devocaturum,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 7, 6; cf. Cic. Caecin. 27, 76:

    tua fama et gnatae vita in dubium veniet,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 42; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 35; Ov. H. 16, 138 Loers.— Plur. as subst.:

    hinc Italae gentes in dubiis responsa petunt,

    Verg. A. 7, 86:

    mens dubiis percussa pavet,

    Luc. 6, 596.
    II.
    For the syn. varius, manifold, various (only in the foll. passages): o multimodis variūm et dubiūm et prosperūm copem diem, Pac. ap. Non. 84, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 115, ed. Rib.). And so prob. is to be explained dubia cena, a multifarious, richly provided supper, Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 28 (for the subjoined explanation of Terence: ubi tu dubites, quid sumas potissimum, is only outwardly adapted to the meaning of dubius); so,

    dubia cena,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 77; and:

    fercula dubiae cenae,

    Aus. Mos. 102; Hier. Ep. 22, no. 16.—Hence, adv., in two forms.
    (α).
    dŭbĭe (acc. to I. B. 1.), doubtfully, dubiously (not in Plaut., Ter., or Caes.):

    potest accidere, ut aliquod signum dubie datum pro certo sit acceptum,

    Cic. Div. 1, 55.—Esp. freq. (particularly since the Aug. per.) with negatives: haud (rarely non) dubie, undoubtedly, indisputably, positively, certainly:

    etsi non dubie mihi nuntiabatur Parthos transisse Euphratem, tamen, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 1 (nowhere else as an adv. in Cic.):

    non dubie,

    Quint. 7, 2, 6; 9, 4, 67; Front. Strat. 2, 3, 16; and with sed (cf. dubius, I. B. 2. b. e), Quint. 11, 2, 1; so,

    too, nec dubie,

    Liv. 2, 23 fin.; Quint. 2, 14, 2;

    and with verum,

    id. 3, 4, 1;

    with sed,

    Tac. A. 4, 19 fin.: haud dubie jam victor, [p. 615] Sall. J. 102, 1 (cf. on the contrary in Cic.: sine ulla dubitatione hostis, Phil. 14, 4, 10; cf. Liv. 3, 38; Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 5); so,

    haud dubie,

    Liv. 1, 9; 13; 3, 24; 38; 53; 4, 2; 23; 5, 10 fin.; 33 fin.; 49 fin. et saep. (about 70 times; see the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 138); Quint. 10, 1, 85; Tac. A. 2, 43; 88; id. H. 1, 7; 46; 72; 3, 86; 4, 27 fin.; 80; id. G. 28; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Calig. 9; id. Galb. 2; Vulg. Lev. 13, 43.—
    (β).
    dubio = dubie, App. M. 9, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dubium

  • 3 dubius

    dŭbĭus, a, um, adj. [for duhibius, duohabeo, held as two or double, i. e. doubtful; cf. dubito, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 1027].
    I.
    Moving in two directions alternately, vibrating to and fro, fluctuating (cf. ambiguus, anceps, incertus, perplexus, duplex).
    A.
    Lit. (very rare):

    ut vas non quit constare, nisi humor Destitit in dubio fluctu jactarier intus,

    Lucr. 6, 556; cf.:

    fluctibus dubiis volvi coeptum est mare,

    Liv. 37, 16, 4.—Far more freq. and class.,
    B.
    Trop., vacillating in mind, uncertain.
    1.
    Act.
    a.
    Wavering in opinion, doubting, doubtful, dubious, uncertain, = ambigens, haesitans, etc.:

    sin est is homo, anni multi me dubiam dant,

    Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 17:

    quae res est, quae cujusquam animum in hac causa dubium facere possit?

    Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10.— With an interrog. clause, A. and S. Gr. §

    213 R. 4 (1.): temptat dubiam mentem rationis egestas, ecquae nam fuerit mundi genitalis origo,

    Lucr. 5, 1211; cf.:

    equites procul visi ab dubiis, quinam essent,

    Liv. 4, 40:

    dubius sum, quid faciam,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 40:

    dubius, unde rumperet silentium,

    id. Epod. 5, 85:

    spemque metumque inter dubii, seu vivere credant, Sive extrema pati,

    Verg. A. 1, 218; cf. Liv. 1, 42:

    Philippus non dubius, quin, etc.,

    id. 31, 42:

    haud dubius quin,

    id. 42, 14; Curt. 5, 12.—With acc. and inf.:

    dictator minime dubius, bellum cum his populis Patres jussuros,

    Liv. 6, 14; so,

    haud dubius,

    id. 31, 24; Curt. 9, 7:

    nec sum animi dubius, verbis ea vincere magnum Quam sit,

    well aware how hard it is, Verg. G. 3, 289; so,

    dubius with the genitives animi, Auct. B. Alex. 56, 2: mentis,

    Ov. F. 6, 572:

    consilii,

    Just. 2, 13:

    sententiae,

    Liv. 33, 25 Drak.:

    salutis,

    Ov. M. 15, 438:

    vitae,

    id. Tr. 3, 3, 25:

    fati,

    Luc. 7, 611 al.; cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 437; A. and S. Gr. § 213 R. 1 ( a.).—
    b.
    Wavering in resolution, irresolute, undecided (very rare):

    dubio atque haesitante Jugurtha incolumes transeunt,

    Sall. J. 107, 6; cf.

    hostes (opp. firmi),

    id. ib. 51 fin.:

    nutantes ac dubiae civitates,

    Suet. Caes. 4 fin.:

    quid faciat dubius,

    Ov. M. 8, 441.— Poet. transf.:

    cuspis,

    Sil. 4, 188.—
    2.
    Pass., that is doubted of, uncertain, doubtful, dubious, undetermined (so most freq. in all periods and kinds of composition):

    videsne igitur, quae dubia sint, ea sumi pro certis atque concessis?

    Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf. id. ib. 2, 50 fin.; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67; id. de Or. 1, 20, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; Quint. 3, 4, 8; 7, 8, 6:

    nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas Ab dubiis,

    Lucr. 4, 468 (cf. verba, vague language, opp. aperta, Quint. 7, 2, 48):

    jus, opp. certum,

    id. 12, 3, 6;

    opp. confessum,

    id. 7, 7, 7:

    in regno, ubi ne obscura quidem est aut dubia servitus,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 31:

    dubium vel anceps genus causarum,

    Quint. 4, 1, 40; cf. id. 9, 2, 69: dubii variique casus, Auct. ap. Cic. Clu. 21, 58:

    et incerta societas,

    Suet. Aug. 17 et saep.:

    quia sciebam dubiam esse fortunam scenicam, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 8: salus (opp. aperta pernicies),

    Cic. N. D. 3, 27, 69:

    spes pacis,

    id. Att. 8, 13:

    victoria,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 80, 6; cf.:

    victoria, praeda, laus,

    Sall. J. 85, 48:

    Marte,

    Vell. 2, 55, 3:

    spes armorum,

    id. 2, 71:

    discrimen pugnae,

    indecisive, Sil. 5, 519:

    proelia,

    Tac. G. 6:

    auctor,

    unknown, Ov. M. 12, 61 et saep.:

    an auspicia repetenda, ne quid dubiis diis agerem?

    i. e. unassured of their favor, Liv. 8, 32:

    dubii socii suspensaeque ex fortuna fidei (opp. fideles socii and certi hostes),

    id. 44, 18; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 5:

    Hispaniae,

    Tac. A. 3, 44; cf.:

    gens dubiae ad id voluntatis,

    Liv. 9, 15:

    lux,

    i. e. morning twilight, dawn, Ov. M. 11, 596:

    sidera,

    Juv. 5, 22; cf.

    nox,

    evening twilight, Ov. M. 4, 401:

    caelum,

    i. e. over cast, Verg. G. 1, 252:

    fulgor solis,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 670; cf.:

    et quasi languidus dies,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 6:

    dubiāque tegens lanugine malas,

    i. e. between down and a beard, Ov. M. 9, 398; 13, 754; cf.:

    dubia lanuginis umbra, Claud. Epith. Pall. et Cel. 42: vina,

    not sure to ripen, Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 319:

    consilia,

    wavering, Tac. Agr. 18 et saep.:

    hunc annum sequitur annus haud dubiis consulibus (shortly thereafter the contrary: Papirius Semproniusque, quorum de consulatu dubitabatur),

    Liv. 4, 8; so,

    haud dubius praetor,

    id. 39, 39 fin.:

    haud dubii hostes,

    open enemies, id. 37, 49:

    haud dubii Galli (opp. degeneres, mixti, Gallograeci vere),

    id. 38, 17: cena dubia, see below, II.—
    b.
    In the neutr. absol.
    (α).
    (Non, haud) dubium est, it is ( not, not at all) doubtful, uncertain, undecided. (aa) Absol.:

    si quid erit dubium,

    Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 40:

    haud dubium id quidem est,

    id. Poen. 3, 4, 27; Ter. And. 2, 3, 25; cf.

    in the interrog.: o! dubiumne id est?

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 49; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 46; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 9; and with the dat.:

    an dubium id tibi est?

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 38; Cic. Fam. 4, 15.—(bb) With de:

    de Pompeii exitu mihi dubium numquam fuit,

    Cic. Att. 11, 6, 5; so,

    de eorum jure,

    id. de Or. 1, 57:

    de re,

    Quint. 7, 3, 4; cf. id. 7, 6, 3.—(ng) With an interrog. clause:

    illud dubium (est), ad id, quod summum bonum dicitis, ecquaenam fieri possit accessio,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67; cf. Quint. 7, 9, 12:

    hoc ergo, credo, dubium est, uter nostrum sit verecundior,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 41, 126:

    hoc enim dubium est, utrum... an,

    Quint. 6, 3, 83:

    Ambiorix copias suas judicione non conduxerit... an tempore exclusus, dubium est,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 31, 1:

    an dubium vobis fuit inesse vis aliqua videretur necne?

    Cic. Caecin. 11, 31 et saep.—Since the Aug. per. freq. dubium, absol. and adv.:

    codicilli, dubium ad quem scripti,

    Quint. 7, 2, 52:

    quo postquam dubium pius an sceleratus, Orestes venerat,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 69; Suet. Caes. 58; id. Aug. 28; id. Tib. 10; Flor. 1, 1, 12; 2, 14, 3:

    Erechtheus, Justitiā dubium validisne potentior armis,

    Ov. M. 6, 678; cf. id. Pont. 3, 1, 17:

    neque multo post exstincto Maximo, dubium an quaesita morte,

    Tac. A. 1, 5; Flor. 1, 1, 8; 4, 2, 91 al.—(dd) Non dubium est quin uxorem nolit filius, Ter. And. 1, 2, 1; id. Eun. 5, 6, 27; Cic. de Or. 2, 8, 32; id. Att. 13, 45; Quint. 11, 2, 10 et saep.:

    haud dubium est, quin,

    Ter. And. 2, 3, 17; 3, 2, 50; id. Ad. 5, 9, 19;

    and interrog.,

    Quint. 3, 2, 1; 10, 1, 5. —(ee) With acc. and inf.:

    periisso me una haud dubium est,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 46; so Liv. 38, 6; Suet. Caes. 52 fin.; cf.

    interrog.: an dubium tibi est, eam esse hanc?

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 9.—Ellipt.:

    si exploratum tibi sit posse te, etc., non esse cunctandum: si dubium sit, non esse conandum,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5.—
    (β).
    Dubium habere, to regard as uncertain, to doubt:

    an tu dubium habebis, etiam sancte quom jurem tibi?

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112:

    an dubium habetis, num obficere quid vobis possit? etc.,

    Sall. H. Fragm. III. 61, 8 Dietsch; cf.:

    haec habere dubia, neque, etc.,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 9 fin. —
    (γ).
    In dubium:

    in dubium vocare,

    to call in question, Cic. de Or. 2, 34; cf.: illud me dixisse nemo vocabit in dubium, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 5. Vid. also under 3. b.:

    venire in dubium,

    Cic. Quint. 2; id. ib. 21, 67; Liv. 3, 13; cf.:

    alii non veniunt in dubium de voluntate,

    i. e. there is no doubt what their wish is, Cic. Att. 11, 15, 2. Vid. also under 3. b.—
    (δ).
    In dubio, in doubt, in question, undetermined:

    dum in dubio est animus,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; cf. Luc. 7, 247:

    in dubioque fuere utrorum ad regna cadendum esset, etc.,

    Lucr. 3, 836; cf. id. 1085; Quint. 7, 9, 9:

    aestate potius quam hieme dandum, non est in dubio,

    Plin. 25, 5, 24, § 59 et saep.:

    ut in dubio poneret, utrum... an, etc.,

    Liv. 34, 5. Vid. also 3. b.—
    (ε).
    Sine dubio, without doubt, doubtless, indisputably, certainly (very freq.; in Cic. more than twenty times; not in Caes. and Sall.): Th. Numquid dubitas quin? etc. Gn. Sine dubio, opinor, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2; 47; id. Cat. 2, 1; id. Balb. 24, 55; id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18; id. Off. 1, 29, 102; id. N. D. 1, 9, 23; id. Att. 1, 19, 2 et saep. Vid. the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 134 sq. Sometimes, esp. in Quint., with adversative particles: sed, verum, at, etc., no doubt, doubtless... but, yet, etc.: cum te togatis omnibus sine dubio anteferret... sed, etc.. Cic. N. D. 1, 21, 58; so with sed, id. de Or, 3, 57; Quint. 1, 6, 38; 5, 10, 53; 6, 3, 64;

    with sed tamen,

    id. 12, 6, 7;

    with tamen,

    id. 3, 8, 21; 5, 7, 28; 6, 4, 12;

    with verum,

    id. 8 prooem. § 33;

    with at,

    id. 8, 3, 67;

    with autem,

    id. 1, 6, 12 Spald.—
    (ζ).
    Procul dubio, beyond question, undoubtedly (very rare), Lucr. 3, 638; Liv. 39, 40 fin.; Plin. 18, 21, 50, § 187; and:

    dubio procul,

    Lucr. 1, 812; 2, 261.—
    3.
    Meton., like anceps (4), doubtful, dubious, i. e. precarious, dangerous, critical, difficult (freq. but mostly poet.):

    res dubias, egenas, inopiosas consili,

    critical condition, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 2; so,

    res,

    id. Capt. 2, 3, 46; id. Most. 5, 1, 1; Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; id. J. 14, 5; Liv. 2, 50 fin.; Tac. A. 2, 62; Verg. A. 6, 196; 11, 445 al.; cf.

    pericla (with advorsae res),

    Lucr. 3, 55; 1076:

    tempora (opp. secunda),

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:

    mons erat ascensu dubius,

    Prop. 4, 4, 83; cf.:

    quae (loca) dubia nisu videbantur,

    Sall. J. 94, 2.—
    b.
    In the neutr. absol. (i. q. discrimen, II. B. 2, and periculum):

    mea quidem hercle certe in dubio vita est,

    is in danger, Ter. And. 2, 2, 10 Ruhnk.; Sall. C. 52, 6; cf. Ov. Am. 2, 13, 2:

    sese suas exercitusque fortunas in dubium non devocaturum,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 7, 6; cf. Cic. Caecin. 27, 76:

    tua fama et gnatae vita in dubium veniet,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 42; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 35; Ov. H. 16, 138 Loers.— Plur. as subst.:

    hinc Italae gentes in dubiis responsa petunt,

    Verg. A. 7, 86:

    mens dubiis percussa pavet,

    Luc. 6, 596.
    II.
    For the syn. varius, manifold, various (only in the foll. passages): o multimodis variūm et dubiūm et prosperūm copem diem, Pac. ap. Non. 84, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 115, ed. Rib.). And so prob. is to be explained dubia cena, a multifarious, richly provided supper, Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 28 (for the subjoined explanation of Terence: ubi tu dubites, quid sumas potissimum, is only outwardly adapted to the meaning of dubius); so,

    dubia cena,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 77; and:

    fercula dubiae cenae,

    Aus. Mos. 102; Hier. Ep. 22, no. 16.—Hence, adv., in two forms.
    (α).
    dŭbĭe (acc. to I. B. 1.), doubtfully, dubiously (not in Plaut., Ter., or Caes.):

    potest accidere, ut aliquod signum dubie datum pro certo sit acceptum,

    Cic. Div. 1, 55.—Esp. freq. (particularly since the Aug. per.) with negatives: haud (rarely non) dubie, undoubtedly, indisputably, positively, certainly:

    etsi non dubie mihi nuntiabatur Parthos transisse Euphratem, tamen, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 1 (nowhere else as an adv. in Cic.):

    non dubie,

    Quint. 7, 2, 6; 9, 4, 67; Front. Strat. 2, 3, 16; and with sed (cf. dubius, I. B. 2. b. e), Quint. 11, 2, 1; so,

    too, nec dubie,

    Liv. 2, 23 fin.; Quint. 2, 14, 2;

    and with verum,

    id. 3, 4, 1;

    with sed,

    Tac. A. 4, 19 fin.: haud dubie jam victor, [p. 615] Sall. J. 102, 1 (cf. on the contrary in Cic.: sine ulla dubitatione hostis, Phil. 14, 4, 10; cf. Liv. 3, 38; Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 5); so,

    haud dubie,

    Liv. 1, 9; 13; 3, 24; 38; 53; 4, 2; 23; 5, 10 fin.; 33 fin.; 49 fin. et saep. (about 70 times; see the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 138); Quint. 10, 1, 85; Tac. A. 2, 43; 88; id. H. 1, 7; 46; 72; 3, 86; 4, 27 fin.; 80; id. G. 28; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Calig. 9; id. Galb. 2; Vulg. Lev. 13, 43.—
    (β).
    dubio = dubie, App. M. 9, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dubius

  • 4 dubius

        dubius adj.    [DVA-], moving two ways, fluctuating: fluctibus dubiis volvi coeptum est mare, L.—Fig., wavering in opinion, doubting, doubtful, dubious, uncertain: animum in causā dubium facere: visi ab dubiis, quinam essent, L.: spemque metumque inter dubii, V.: dubius, verbis ea vincere magnum Quam sit, well aware how hard it is, V.: dictator minime dubius, bellum patres iussuros, L.: mentis, O.: sententiae, L.— Wavering in resolution, irresolute, undecided, hesitating: dubii confirmantur, Cs.: dubio atque haesitante Iugurthā incolumes transeunt, S.: hostibus dubiis instare, S.: spem dedit dubiae menti, V.: consilia, Ta.: quid faciat, O.: Mars errat in armis, V.— Doubted of, uncertain, doubtful, dubious, undetermined: fortuna scaenica, T.: quae dubia sint, ea sumi pro certis: haec habere dubia, to leave in question: salus: victoria, Cs.: proelia, Ta.: haud dubius rex, seu... seu..., by a clear title, L.: auctor, unknown, O.: gens dubiae ad id voluntatis, L.: lux, i. e. twilight, O.: sidera, Iu.: caelum, i. e. overcast, V.: lanugo, hardly visible, O.: sequitur annus haud dubiis consulibus, certainly known, L.: fortunam inter dubia numerare, Ta.: hora, i. e. the uncertain future, H.: dubia cena, i. e. perplexing with variety, H.: an dubium id tibi est? is it not certain? T.: ut de ipsius facto dubium esse nemini possit: hoc nemini dubium est, quid iudicarit: Iustitiā dubium validisne potentior armis, O.: haud dubiumst mihi, quin possim, etc., T.: non esse dubium, quin possent, etc., Cs.: periisse me unā haud dubiumst, T.: in dubium vocare, to call in question: non quo mihi veniat in dubium tua fides, is questioned: Dum in dubio est animus, in doubt, T.: ut in dubio poneret, utrum... an, etc., L.: sine dubio, certainly: cum te togatis omnibus sine dubio anteferret... sed, etc., doubtless... but: procul dubio, L. — Doubtful, dubious, precarious, dangerous, critical, difficult, adverse: fortuna (opp. secunda): res, S.: mons ascensu, Pr.: scire hunc lumen rebus nostris dubiis futurum, L.: dubiis ne defice rebus, our need, V.: tempora, H.: aeger, the man in danger of death, O.: Mea in dubio vitast, is in danger, T.: libertas et anima nostra in dubio est, S.: suas fortunas in dubium non devocaturum, Cs.
    * * *
    dubia, dubium ADJ
    doubtful, dubious, uncertain; variable, dangerous; critical

    Latin-English dictionary > dubius

  • 5 in-certus

        in-certus adj.    with comp. and sup.—Of things, not fixed, unsettled, undetermined: consilia, T.: cum incerta bellum an pax essent, L.: securis, ill-aimed, V.— Abl absol.: incerto quid peterent, L.—Of persons, irresolute, hesitating, undecided, doubtful, at a loss: Incertior sum multo quam dudum, T.: plebes: varius incertusque agitabat, S.: quid dicam incertus sum, T.: animi incertus, anne, etc., T.: quid potissumum facerent, S.: summarum rerum: consili, T.—Unascertained, unproved, doubtful, uncertain: alia certa, alia incerta esse dicunt: eventus reliqui temporis: ambiguae testis Incertaeque rei, Iu.: incertus masculus an femina esset, L.: victoria, Cs.: moriendum certe est, et id incertum, an, etc.: Quis deus, incertum est, V.: cuius Ora puellares faciunt incerta capilli (i. e. make the sex doubtful), Iu.: incertum habeo, pudeat an pigeat magis, cannot decide, S.: clauserant portas, incertum vi an voluntate, L.—Of persons, uninformed, not assured, doubtful, uncertain: cum incertus sum, ubi esses: Incerti quo fata ferant, V.: sententiae, L.: rerum multitudo, L.—Vague, indefinite, unsettled, obscure, dim: spes, T.: ut incertis temporibus iretur, unexpected, Cs.: luna sub luce malignā, V.: voltus, disturbed, S.—Fig., untrustworthy, inconsistent, fickle: aetas (puerilis): nihil est incertius volgo: menses, V.: Filiam dare in incertas nuptias, hazardous, T.: arbor, the unsteady ship, Iu.

    Latin-English dictionary > in-certus

  • 6 integer

        integer tegra, tegrum, adj. with comp. integrior and sup. integerrimus    [2 in-+TAG-], untouched, unhurt, entire, whole, complete: annus: integro die, i. e. with the day before us, H.: quarum (sublicarum) pars inferior integra remanebat, Cs.: signa (litterarum), unbroken.—Unimpaired, uninjured, unhurt, unwounded, unmutilated, unexhausted, sound, fresh, vigorous: aetate integrā, in her flower, T.: cum integri defessis succederent, Cs.: florentes atque integri: integros pro sauciis arcessere, S.: Pelops, entire, O.: cecidit Cethegus Integer, unmutilated, Iu.: opes (opp. accisae), H.: integer aevi sanguis, the vigor of youth, V.: gens a cladibus belli, L.—Not worn, fresh, new, unused: ad integrum bellum cuncta parare, S.: pugnam edere, L.: uti causā hac integrā, this pretext as a fresh one, T.: eum Plautus locum reliquit integrum, not imitated, T.—In the phrase, de integro or ab integro, anew, afresh: potius quam redeat de integro haec oratio, be told over again, T.: relata de integro res ad senatum, L.: columnam efficere ab integro novam: Magnus ab integro saeclorum nascitur ordo, V.—Untainted, fresh, sweet: ut anteponantur integra contaminatis: fontes, H.—In the phrase, in integrum restituere, to restore to a former condition, pardon, forgive: quod te absente hic filius Egit restitui in integrum aequomst, i. e. be undone, T.: in integrum restituti, pardoned: nonnullos ambitūs damnatos in integrum restituit, Cs.—Fig., new, open, undecided, undetermined: rem integram ad reditum suum iussit esse: ut quam integerrima essent ad pacem omnia, Cs.: quid hac quaestione dici potest integrius?: quoad erit integrum, still in my power: non est integrum Pompeio consilio iam uti tuo, open: si integrum daretur, i. e. if he be unfettered. —Inexperienced, ignorant: me discipulum integrum accipe.—Healthy, sound, sane, unimpaired: animi, H.: mens, H.: integrius iudicium a favore, L.—Unbiassed, impartial: integrum se servare, neutral: arbiter, Iu.: scopulis surdior Icari Voces audit, adhuc integer, heart-whole, H.—Blameless, irreproachable, spotless, pure, honest, virtuous: illo nemo integrior: integerrima vita: testes: vitae, in life, H.: virgo ab se, T.: a coniuratione, not implicated in, Ta.
    * * *
    I
    integra -um, integrior -or -us, integerrimus -a -um ADJ
    untouched, entire, whole, complete; uninjured, sound, fresh (troops), vigorous
    II
    fresh troops (pl.)

    Latin-English dictionary > integer

  • 7 medius

        medius adj.    [MED-], in the middle, in the midst, mid, mean, middle: mundi locus: tempus: solio medius consedit, in the middle, V.: medius Polluce et Castore ponar, between, O.: medios ignīs testor, i. e. on the altar between us, V.: medium turba Hunc habet, surrounds, V.: Discessere omnes medii, from the midst, V.: caelestes medio Iove sedent, O.: medium ostendere unguem, point with the middle finger, Iu.: cum inter bellum et pacem medium nihil sit, no middle course: locus medius regionum earum, half-way between, Cs.: locus medius iuguli summique lacerti, between, O.: medius ex tribus, S.: in foro medio, in the middle of the forum: in mediis aedibus: de mediā nocte, midnight, Cs.: mediā aestate, at midsummer: medios dilapsus in hostīs, V.: Phoebus, the sun at noon, O.: (illum) medium adripere, by the middle, T.: iuvenem medium complectitur, L.—Fig., of the middle, middling, medial, moderate: aetatis mediae vir, of middle age, Ph.: nihil medium, sed inmensa omnia volventes animo, L.: gratia non media, extraordinary, L.: ingenium, Ta.: sermones, common, O.— Undetermined, undecided, neutral: medium quendam cursum tenere: medios esse: responsum, ambiguous, L.— Indifferent, not imperative: officium (opp. perfectum).— Intermediate: medium erat in Anco ingenium, et Numae et Romuli memor, like each some respects, L.: consilium, avoiding both extremes, L.— Central, intimate, profound, essential: quae sunt ex mediā laude iustitiae, essential claims to honor: in medio maerore et dolore, buried in: in medio ardore belli, L.: media inter pocula, Iu.: Pacis eras mediusque belli, equally ready for, H.—As subst m., a mediator: paci medium se offert, V.
    * * *
    I
    media, medium ADJ
    middle, middle of, mid; common, neutral, ordinary, moderate; ambiguous
    II
    mediator; one who stands in the middle, one who comes between

    Latin-English dictionary > medius

  • 8 aliquando

    ălĭquandŏ, temp. adv. [aliquis; Corssen, Ausspr. II. p. 856, regards the affix in this word and in quando as from an earlier -da = dies].
    I.
    A.. In opp. to a definite, fixed point of time, at some time or other, once; at any time, ever (i. e. at an indefinite, undetermined time, of the past, present, and future; mostly in affirmative clauses, while umquam is only used of past and future time, and in negative clauses or those implying doubt; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 2, 14, 51).—Of the past: neque ego umquam fuisse tale monstrum in terris ullum puto: quis clarioribus viris quodam tempore jucundior? quis turpioribus conjunctior: quis civis meliorum partium aliquando? Cic. Cael. 5, 12:

    Ad quem angelorum dixit aliquando, Sede etc.,

    Vulg. Heb. 1, 13.—Of the future:

    erit illud profecto tempus et illucescet aliquando ille dies, etc.,

    Cic. Mil. 26, 69:

    cave, ne aliquando peccato consentias,

    Vulg. Tob. 4, 6:

    huic utinam aliquando gratiam referre possimus! Habebimus quidem semper,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 4:

    ne posset aliquando ad bellum faciendum locus ipse adhortari,

    id. Off. 1, 11, 35.—Of the present: de rationibus et de controversiis societatis vult dijudicari. Sero: verum aliquando tamen, but yet once, in opp. to not at all, never, Cic. Quint. 13, 43.—
    B.
    With non, nec (eccl. Lat.):

    non peccabitis aliquando,

    Vulg. 2 Pet. 1, 10:

    nec aliquando defuit quidquam iis,

    ib. 1 Reg. 25, 7; 25, 15; ib. Dan. 14, 6; ib 1 Thess. 2, 5.—
    C.
    In connection with ullus, and oftener, esp. in Cic., with aliquis:

    quaerere ea num vel e Philone vel ex ullo Academico audivisset aliquando,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 4, 11: Forsitan aliquis aliquando ejusmodi quidpiam fecerit. id. Verr. 2, 32, 78;

    ego quia dico aliquid aliquando, et quia, ut fit, in multis exit aliquando aliquid, etc.,

    id. Planc 14, 35;

    non despero fore aliquem aliquando,

    id. de Or. 1, 21, 95:

    docendo etiam aliquid aliquando,

    id. Or. 42, 144:

    Nam aut erit hic aliquid aliquando, etc.,

    id. Fam. 7, 11, 2.—So with quisquis:

    nec quidquam aliquando periit,

    Vulg. 1 Reg. 25, 15; 25, 7.—
    D.
    Si forte aliquando or si aliquando, if at any time, if ever; or of a distant, but undefined, point of time, if once, at one time, or one day:

    si quid hujus simile forte aliquando evenerit,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 40:

    quod si aliquando manus ista plus valuerit quam vestra ac rei publicae dignitas, etc.,

    Cic. Cat. 4, 10, 20: ampla domus dedecori saepe domino fit, et maxime si aliquando alio domino solita est frequentari, once, i. e. at a former time, id. Off. 1, 39, 139.—
    E.
    It is often used (opp.: in praesentiā, nunc, adhuc) of an indefinite, past, or future time = olim, quondam, once, formerly; in future time, hereafter:

    quod sit in praesentiā de honestate delibatum, virtute aliquando et industriā recuperetur,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 58, 174:

    aliquando nobis libertatis tempus fuisse, quod pacis vobiscum non fuerit: nunc certe, etc., Liv 25, 29: Iol ad mare, aliquando ignobilis, nunc illustris,

    Mel. 1, 6:

    Qui aliquando non populus, nunc autem populus Dei,

    Vulg. 1 Pet. 2, 10; ib. Philem. 11:

    quam concedis adhuc artem omnino non esse, sed aliquando, etc.,

    Cic. de Or 1, 58, 246.—Sometimes the point of time in contrast can be determined only from the context:

    quaerere num e Philone audivisset aliquando,

    Cic. Ac. Pr. 2, 4, 11:

    veritus sum deesse Pompeii saluti, cum ille aliquando non defuisset meae,

    id. Fam. 6, 6, 10:

    aut quisquam nostri misereri potest, qui aliquando vobis hostis fuit?

    Sall. J. 14, 17:

    Zacynthus aliquando appellata Hyrie,

    Plin. 4, 12, 19, § 54; Plin. Ep. 6, 10:

    quae aliquando viderat,

    Vulg. Gen. 42, 9; ib. 1 Pet. 3, 20.—
    II.
    Of that which at times happens, in contrast with that which never or seldom occurs, sometimes, now and then = non numquam, interdum (opp.: numquam, raro; semper, saepe).
    A.
    Te non numquam a me alienārunt, et me aliquando immutārunt tibi, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 2:

    liceret ei dicere utilitatem aliquando cum honestate pugnare,

    id. Off. 3, 3, 12:

    sitne aliquando mentiri boni viri?

    id. de Or. 3, 29, 113; Quint. 5, 13, 31:

    multa proelia et aliquando non cruenta,

    Tac. Agr. 17; Suet. Aug. 43.—
    B.
    With numquam, raro; semper, saepe, saepius, modo in another clause:

    convertit se aliquando ad timorem, numquam ad sanitatem,

    Cic. Sull. 5, 17:

    senatumque et populum numquam obscura nomina, etiam si aliquando obumbrentur,

    Tac. H. 2, 32:

    quod non saepe, atque haud scio an umquam, in aliquā parte eluceat aliquando,

    Cic. Or. 2, 7:

    raro, sed aliquando tamen, ex metu delirium nascitur,

    Cels. 3, 18; so id. 8, 4; 1 praef.:

    aliquando... semper,

    Liv. 45, 23, 8:

    aliquando fortuna, semper animo maximus,

    Vell. 2, 18: Haud semper errat fama;

    aliquando et elegit,

    Tac. Agr. 9:

    aliquando... saepe,

    Cels. 1 praef.:

    nec tamen ubique cerni, aliquando propter nubila, saepius globo terrae obstante,

    Plin. 2, 13, 10, § 56; so Tac. A. 3, 27; id. Agr. 38.—
    C.
    In partitive clauses, twice, or even several times, like modo—modo, sometimes also alternating with non numquam or modo (so only in the post-Aug. per.), at one time... at another, now.. now:

    confirmatio aliquando totius causae est, aliquando partium,

    Quint. 5, 13, 58; Plin. 17, 28, 47, § 262; Sen. Q. N. 2, 36, 2:

    aliquando emicat stella, aliquando ardores sunt, aliquando fixi et haerentes, non numquam volubiles,

    id. ib. 1, 14; cf. Suet. Calig. 52:

    Vespasianus modo in spem erectus, aliquando adversa reputabat,

    Tac. H. 2, 74; id. A. 16, 10.—
    D.
    In colloquial lang., to indicate that there is occasion for a certain thing, once, for once, on this occasion, now:

    aliquando osculando melius est, uxor, pausam fieri,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 6, 1:

    sed si placet, sermonem alio transferamus, et nostro more aliquando, non rhetorico loquamur,

    now in our own way, Cic. de Or. 1, 29, 133:

    sed ne plura: dicendum enim aliquando est, Pomponium Atticum sic amo, ut alterum fratrem,

    I must for once say it, id. Fam. 13, 1, 14.—
    E.
    In commands, exhortations, or wishes, = tandem, at length, now at last:

    audite quaeso, judices, et aliquando miseremini sociorum,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 28, 72:

    mode scribe aliquando ad nos, quid agas,

    id. Fam. 7, 12, 2:

    stulti, aliquando sapite,

    Vulg. Psa. 93, 8:

    ipse agat, ut orbatura patres aliquando fulmina ponat,

    Ov. M. 2, 391:

    Aliquando isti principes sibi populi Romani auctoritati parendum esse fateantur,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64; id. Verr. 4, 37, 81; Sall. J. 14, 21; Ov. M. 2, 390:

    et velim aliquando, cum erit tuum commodum, Lentulum puerum visas,

    Cic. Att. 12, 28.—Hence,
    F.
    Of that which happens after long expectation or delay, freq. in connection with tandem, finally, at length, now at last:

    quibus (quaestionibus) finem aliquando amicorum auctoritas fecit,

    Cic. Clu. 67, 191:

    (dii) placati jam vel satiati aliquando,

    id. Marcell. 6, 18:

    collegi me aliquando,

    id. Clu. 18, 51: aliquando idque sero usum loquendi populo concessi, finally. i. e. after I have for a long time spoken in another manner, id. Or. 48, 160:

    te aliquando collaudare possum, quod jam, etc.,

    id. Fam. 7, 17; Suet. Aug. 70:

    diu exspectaverant, dum retia extraherentur: aliquando extractis piscis nullus infuit,

    id. Clar. Rhet. 1.—With tandem:

    aliquando tandem huc animum ut adducas tuum,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 61:

    spes est et hunc aliquan do tandem posse consistere,

    Cic. Quint. 30, 94 tandem aliquando L. Catilinam ex urbe ejecimus, id. Cat. 2, 1:

    ut tandem aliquando timere desinam,

    id. ib. 1, 7, 18; id. Quint. 30, 94:

    servus tandem aliquando mihi a te exspectatissimas litteras reddidit,

    id. Fam. 16, 9:

    tandem aliquando refloruistis,

    Vulg. Phil. 4, 10.—With jam:

    utile esse te aliquando jam rem transigere,

    now at length Cic. Att. 1, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aliquando

  • 9 delta

    delta, ae, f. or indecl. n., = delta, the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet, delta, D: non formam at vocem deltae gero Romuleum D, Aus. Idyll. de lit. monos. 14; so (but with gender undetermined) Mel. 2, 7, 14.—
    II.
    Meton.,
    Delta.
    indecl. n., Delta, nom. prop., the Delta in Lower Egypt, Mel. 1, 9, 2; Plin. 5, 9, 9, § 48; 3, 16, 20, § 121; Auct. B. Alex. 27.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > delta

  • 10 incertus

    incertus, a, um (archaic gen. plur. incertūm, Pac. ap. Non. 495, 27), adj. [2. incertus; hence, acc. to certus].
    I.
    Object., of things whose (external or internal) qualities are not firmly established, uncertain, unsettled, doubtful, untrustworthy, not fast, not firm (class.): amicus certus in re incerta cernitur, Enn. ap. Cic. Lael. 17, 64 (Trag. v. 428 Vahl.); cf. id. ap. Non. 166, 22 (Trag. v. 12 Vahl.):

    incerti socii an hostes essent,

    Liv. 30, 35, 9:

    incertus (infans) masculus an femina esset,

    id. 31, 12, 6; cf. Sall. J. 49, 5:

    cum incerta bellum an pax cum Celtiberis essent,

    Liv. 34, 19, 8 Weissenb.: spe incerta certum mihi laborem sustuli, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 9; id. And. 2, 3, 16:

    nuptiae,

    id. ib. 5, 1, 11:

    aetas (puerilis) maxime lubrica atque incerta,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 52, § 137:

    itinera,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 37 fin.:

    dominatus,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 17:

    status,

    id. ib. 1, 26:

    sedes,

    Sall. C. 6, 1:

    ambiguae testis incertaeque rei,

    Juv. 8, 81:

    comarum Anulus incertā non bene fixus acu,

    not fast, Mart. 2, 66, 2:

    colligere incertos et in ordine ponere crines,

    dishevelled, Ov. Am. 1, 11, 1:

    per incertam lunam sub luce maligna,

    not clearly visible, dim, Verg. A. 6, 270:

    soles,

    id. ib. 3, 203:

    securis,

    that did not strike with a sure blow, id. ib. 2, 224:

    vultus,

    disturbed, uneasy, Sall. J. 106, 2:

    ille vitam suam ad incertissimam spem reservavit,

    Cic. Sest. 22, 50: arbori incertae nullam prudentia cani Rectoris cum ferret opem, the ship uncertain in her course, because no longer obeying the helm, Juv. 12, 32 Halm. — In neutr. ellipt.:

    clauserant portas incertum vi an voluntate,

    Liv. 31, 41, 2; 31, 43, 7 al. — Neutr. as adv. ( poet.):

    incertum vigilans,

    Ov. H. 10, 9; Stat. Th. 5, 212. —
    II.
    Subject., as respects one's perceptions or convictions, not firmly established, uncertain, undetermined, doubtful, dubious (so most freq. in prose and poetry):

    nihil est incertius vulgo,

    Cic. Mur. 17, 36:

    casus,

    id. Or. 28, 98:

    ut alia certa, alia incerta esse dicunt,

    id. Off. 2, 2, 7; cf.: est igitur ridiculum, quod est dubium, id relinquere incertum, id. Mur. 32, 68; and:

    incerta atque dubia,

    Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 9 fin.:

    ut incertis temporibus diversisque itineribus iretur,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 16 fin.; so,

    eventus reliqui temporis,

    Cic. Quint. 26, 83:

    exitus pugnarum,

    id. Mil. 21, 56:

    adulterium,

    Quint. 7, 2, 52:

    auctor,

    id. 5, 11, 41:

    cujus ora puellares faciunt incerta capilli,

    make the sex doubtful, Juv. 15, 137:

    incerta persona heres institui non potest,

    Ulp. Fragm. 22, 4; Gai. Inst. 2, 242; cf. 2, 238.—
    (β).
    With rel. or interrog.-clause:

    nunc mihi incertumst, abeam an maneam,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 9, 19:

    moriendum certe est, et id incertum, an hoc ipso die,

    Cic. Sen. 20, 74; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 27:

    (Gallus) avem, an gentem, an nomen, an fortunam corporis significet, incertum est,

    id. 7, 9, 2:

    confessus est quidem sed incertum, utrum quia verum erat, an quia, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 5:

    neque plane occultati humilitate arborum et tamen incerti, quidnam esset,

    Sall. J. 49, 5 Kritz.— Abl. absol.:

    multi annantes navibus incerto prae tenebris, quid aut peterent aut vitarent, foede interierunt,

    Liv. 28, 36, 12.—
    2.
    Subst.: incer-tum, i, n., an uncertainty:

    quicquid incerti mihi in animo prius aut ambiguum fuit, Nunc liquet, nunc defaecatum est,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 69:

    ne cujus incerti vanique auctor esset,

    Liv. 4, 13, 9:

    incerta maris et tempestatum,

    Tac. A. 3, 54:

    incerta fortunae experiri,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 4:

    incerta belli,

    Liv. 30, 2:

    bona, fortunae possessionesque omnium in dubium incertumque revocabuntur,

    Cic. Caecin. 27, 76; cf. id. ib. 13, 38:

    Minucius praefectus annonae in incertum creatus,

    for an indefinite time, Liv. 4, 13, 7:

    postremo fugere an manere tutius foret, in incerto erat,

    Sall. J. 38, 5:

    Allobroges diu in incerto habuere, quidnam consilii caperent,

    id. C. 41, 1; cf. id. J. 46, 8:

    imperia ducum in incerto reliquerat,

    Tac. H. 2, 33 fin. —
    B.
    Transf., of a person who is in a state of uncertainty respecting any thing, uncertain, in uncertainty, hesitating, doubtful: quo ego ope mea Pro incertis certos compotesque consili Dimitto, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199 (Trag. v. 188 Vahl.):

    nolo suspensam et incertam plebem Romanam obscura spe et caeca exspectatione pendere,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 66; so,

    varius incertusque agitabat,

    Sall. J. 74, 1; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 3:

    ego certe me incerto scio hoc daturum nemini homini,

    id. As. 2, 4, 60.—
    (β).
    With rel.-clause:

    quid dicam hisce, incertus sum,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 36:

    cum incertus essem, ubi esses,

    Cic. Att. 1, 9, 1:

    incerti ignarique, quid potissimum facerent,

    Sall. J. 67, 1:

    incerti quidnam esset,

    id. ib. 49, 5:

    incertus, quonam modo aciem instrueret,

    id. ib. 101, 2:

    incerti, quo fata ferant, ubi sistere detur,

    Verg. A. 3, 7:

    incertus, Geniumne loci famulumne parentis Esse putet,

    id. ib. 5, 95:

    faber, incertus scamnum faceretne Priapum,

    Hor. S. 1, 8, 2.—
    (γ).
    With gen. (not in Cic.): summarum rerum incerti, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199 (Trag. v. 187 Vahl.):

    incertusque meae paene salutis eram,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 4:

    sententiae,

    Liv. 4, 57, 3:

    veri,

    id. 4, 23, 3; 1, 27, 6:

    rerum,

    id. 24, 24, 9:

    ultionis,

    Tac. A. 2, 75:

    sui,

    Stat. Th. 5, 525:

    naves incertae locorum, Auct. B. Afr. 7: mox incertus animi, fesso corpore, etc.,

    Tac. A. 6, 46; id. H. 3, 55 fin.:

    futurorum,

    Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 11:

    consilii,

    Curt. 8, 10, 27.—
    (δ).
    With abl.:

    incerti metu,

    Val. Fl. 3, 602.—
    (ε).
    With de and abl.:

    incertus de salute alicujus,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 10.—Hence, adv. in two forms: incertē and incerto (both ante-class.), uncertainly, not certainly, dubiously: incerte errat animus, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12 (Trag. v. 259 Vahl.): vagat exsul, Pac. ap. Non. 467, 25 (Trag. Rel. p. 87 Rib.):

    ubi Habitet dum incerto scio,

    Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 69:

    incerto scio,

    id. Ps. 4, 2, 7:

    incerto autumo,

    id. Ep. 4, 1, 18.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > incertus

  • 11 integer

    intĕger, tēgra, tēgrum (long e in intēgri, intēgros, etc., Lucr. 1, 927; Verg. E. 4, 5; Hor. S. 2, 2, 113 al.), adj. [2. in and root tag-, tango], untouched, unhurt, unchanged.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    Undiminished, whole, entire, complete, perfect:

    integer et plenus thensaurus,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 12, 13:

    exercitus,

    id. Bacch. 4, 9, 148:

    annus,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 8:

    quarum (sublicarum) pars inferior integra remanebat,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 35:

    integris bonis exulare,

    Suet. Caes. 42:

    nec superstes Integer,

    Hor. C. 2, 17, 7:

    puer malasque comamque Integer,

    with beard, and hair on his head, Stat. Th. 8, 487:

    signa (litterarum),

    unbroken, Cic. Cat. 3, 3, 6.— Adv.: ad integrum, wholly, entirely:

    corpore carens,

    Macr. Som. Scip. 1, 5. —
    B. 1.
    Absol.:

    adulescens cum sis, tum, cum est sanguis integer,

    Plaut. Merc. 3, 2, 7:

    aetas,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 45:

    cum recentes atque integri defessis successissent,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 94;

    so opp. defessi,

    id. B. G. 7, 41;

    opp. defatigati,

    id. ib. 7, 48; 5, 16; id. B. C. 3, 40:

    integris viribus repugnare,

    id. B. G. 3, 4:

    si ad quietem integri iremus, opp. onustus cibo et vino,

    Cic. Div. 1, 29:

    integra valetudo,

    id. Fin. 2, 20, 64:

    integrum se salvumque velle,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 33:

    omnibus rebus integros incolumesque esse,

    id. Fam. 13, 4:

    florentes atque integri,

    id. Planc. 35:

    integros pro sauciis arcessere,

    Sall. C. 60, 4;

    so opp. saucius,

    Cic. Mur. 25, 50:

    Horatius,

    Liv. 1, 25:

    nasus,

    Juv. 15, 56; 10, 288;

    so opp. truncus,

    Plin. 7, 11, 10. §

    50: cecidit Cethegus integer, et jacuit Catilina cadavere toto,

    not mutilated, Juv. 10, 288:

    opes, opp. accisae,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 113:

    mulier aetate integra,

    in the flower of her age, Ter. And. 1, 1, 45:

    corpora sana et integri sanguinis,

    Quint. 8 praef. § 19;

    tantum capite integro (opp. transfigurato),

    unchanged, Suet. Ner. 46:

    quam integerrimis corporibus cibum offerre,

    free from fever, Cels. 3, 4:

    antequam ex toto integer fiat,

    id. ib.:

    integra aetate ac valetudine,

    Suet. Tib. 10. —
    2.
    With gen.:

    integer aevi sanguis (= integri aevi sanguis, i. e. juvenilis vigor),

    Verg. A. 2, 638; 9, 255; Ov. M. 9, 441:

    integer annorum,

    Stat. Th. 1, 415 (cf. II. A. infra): deos aevi integros, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 9, 255 (Trag. v. 440 Vahl.). —
    3.
    With abl.:

    fama et fortunis integer,

    Sall. H 2, 41, 5:

    copiis integra (regio),

    id. ib. 1, 95:

    neque aetate neque corpore integer,

    Suet. Aug. 19: pectore maturo fuerat puer integer aevo, Ped. Albin. 3, 5:

    dum vernat sanguis, dum rugis integer annus,

    Prop. 4 (5), 5, 59.—
    4.
    With a ( ab) and abl. (rare):

    a populi suffragiis integer,

    i. e. who has not been rejected, Sall. H. 1, 52 D.:

    cohortes integrae ab labore,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 26:

    gens integra a cladibus belli,

    Liv. 9, 41, 8.—
    5.
    Esp. in phrase ad or in integrum (sc. statum), to a former condition or state:

    potius quam redeat ad integrum haec eadem oratio,

    i. e. to have the same story over again, Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 8:

    quod te absente hic filius egit restitui in integrum aequum est,

    id. Phorm. 2, 4, 11:

    quos ego non idcirco esse arbitror in integrum restitutos,

    Cic. Clu. 36, 98; id. Fl. 32, 79:

    (judicia) in integrum restituit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 1, 4. —
    C.
    Not worn, fresh, new, unused:

    ad integrum bellum cuncta parare,

    Sall. J. 73, 1:

    consilia,

    id. ib. 108, 2:

    pugnam edere,

    Liv. 8, 9, 13.—Hence, esp. adv.: de integro, ab integro, ex integro, anew, afresh:

    ut mihi de integro scribendi causa non sit,

    Cic. Att. 13, 27; id. Clu. 60, 167:

    acrius de integro obortum est bellum,

    Liv. 21, 8, 2:

    relata de integro res ad senatum,

    id. 21, 6, 5:

    columnam efficere ab integro novam,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 56, § 147:

    magnus ab integro saeclorum nascitur ordo,

    Verg. E. 4, 5:

    recipere ex integro vires,

    Quint. 10, 3, 20:

    navibus ex integro fabricatis,

    Suet. Aug. 16.—
    D.
    Untainted, fresh, sweet:

    ut anteponantur integra contaminatis,

    Cic. Top. 18, 69:

    fontes,

    Hor. C. 1, 26, 6:

    sapor,

    id. S. 2, 4, 54:

    aper, opp. vitiatus,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 91.—
    E.
    Not before attempted, fresh:

    ex integra Graeca integram comoediam Hodie sum acturus,

    Ter. Heaut. prol. 4:

    alias ut uti possim causa hac integra,

    this pretext as a fresh one, id. Hec. 1, 2, 5:

    eum Plautus locum reliquit integrum,

    not treated, not imitated, id. Ad. prol. 9.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Blameless, irreproachable, spotless, pure, honest, virtuous:

    cum illo nemo neque integrior esset in civitate, neque sanctior,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 53:

    (homines) integri, innocentes, religiosi,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 4, § 7:

    integerrima vita,

    id. Planc. 1:

    incorrupti atque integri testes,

    id. Fin. 1, 21:

    vitae,

    Hor. C. 1, 22, 1:

    integer urbis,

    not spoiled by the city, untainted with city vices, Val. Fl. 2, 374:

    vir a multis vitiis integer, Sen. de Ira, 1, 18, 3.— Of female chastity: loquere filiam meam quis integram stupraverit,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 47:

    narratque, ut virgo ab se integra etiam tum siet,

    Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 70:

    quibus liberos conjugesque suas integras ab istius petulantia conservare non licitum est,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 5, 14:

    virgines,

    Cat. 61, 36.—
    B.
    Of the mind or disposition.
    1.
    Free from passion or prejudice, unbiassed, impartial: integrum se servare, to keep one's self neutral, Cic. Att. 7, 26, 2:

    arbiter,

    Juv. 8, 80:

    scopulis surdior Icari Voces audit, adhuc integer,

    untouched with love, heart-whole, Hor. C. 3, 7, 21:

    bracchia et vultum teretesque suras Integer laudo,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 21.—
    2.
    Healthy, sound, sane, unimpaired:

    animi,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 220:

    mentis,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 65; cf.

    mens,

    id. C. 1, 31, 18:

    a conjuratione,

    without complicity in, Tac. A. 15, 52:

    integrius judicium a favore et odio,

    Liv. 45, 37, 8.—
    C.
    New to a thing, ignorant of it:

    rudem me discipulum, et integrum accipe,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 3:

    suffragiis integer,

    Sall. H. 1, 52 Dietsch—
    D.
    In which nothing has yet been done, undecided, undetermined:

    integram rem et causam relinquere,

    Cic. Att. 5, 21, 13:

    rem integram ad reditum suum jussit esse,

    id. Off. 2, 23, 82:

    integram omnem causam reservare alicui,

    id. Fam. 13, 4, 2:

    ea dicam, quae ipsi, re integra saepe dixi,

    id. Mur. 21:

    ut quam integerrima ad pacem essent omnia,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 85:

    offensiones,

    not yet cancelled, Tac. A. 3, 24:

    integrum est mihi,

    it is still in my power, I am at liberty, Cic. Att. 15, 23:

    loquor de legibus promulgatis, de quibus est integrum vobis,

    id. Phil. 1, 10:

    non est integrum, Cn. Pompeio consilio jam uti tuo,

    id. Pis. 24:

    ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 5, 21, 62. —

    So, integrum dare,

    to grant full power, to leave at liberty, Cic. Part. 38. — Adv.: intĕgrē.
    1.
    Lit., wholly, entirely:

    mutare,

    Tac. H. 1, 52.—
    2.
    Trop.
    a.
    Irreproachably, honestly, justly:

    incorrupte atque integre judicare,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 9:

    in amicorum periculis caste integreque versatus,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 1. — Comp.: quid dici potest integrius, quid incorruptius, Cic. Mil. 22.— Sup.:

    Asiam integerrime administravit,

    Suet. Vesp. 4:

    procuratione integerrime functus,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 25. —
    b.
    Purely, correctly:

    integre et ample et ornate dicere,

    Cic. Opt. Gen. 4, 12:

    proprie atque integre loqui,

    Gell. 7, 11, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > integer

  • 12 medius

    mĕdĭus, a, um, adj. [Sanscr. madhya, the same; Gr. mesos; Angl. - Sax. midd; Germ. Mitte; cf. dimidius, meridies (medi-), etc.], that is in the middle or midst, mid, middle (class.).
    I.
    Adj.
    A.
    Lit.:

    terra complexa medium mundi locum,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 18; cf. id. ib. 6, 17, 17:

    medium mundi locum petere,

    id. Tusc. 5, 24, 69:

    versus aeque prima, et media, et extrema pars attenditur,

    id. de Or. 3, 50, 192:

    ultimum, proximum, medium tempus,

    id. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:

    in foro medio,

    in the midst of the forum, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14; Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 6; cf.:

    medio foro,

    in the open forum, Suet. Claud. 18 al.:

    in solio medius consedit,

    sat in the middle, Ov. F. 3, 359; Verg. A. 7, 169:

    considit scopulo medius,

    id. G. 4, 436:

    concilio medius sedebat,

    Ov. M. 10, 144:

    ignes,

    Verg. A. 12, 201:

    medio tempore,

    in the meantime, meanwhile, Suet. Caes. 76: vinum novum, vetus, medium, i. e. neither old nor new, Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 31, 14:

    cum plenus fluctu medius foret alveus,

    full to the middle, Juv. 12, 30.—With dat.:

    Peloponnesii Megaram, mediam Corintho Athenisque urbem, condidere,

    midway between Corinth and Athens, Vell. 1, 2, 4.—With abl.:

    si medius Polluce et Castore ponar,

    between, Ov. Am. 2, 16, 13.—With inter:

    cum inter bellum et pacem medium nihil sit,

    there is no medium, no middle course between, Cic. Phil. 8, 1, 4:

    inter quos numeros duo medii inveniuntur (sc. numeri),

    Mart. Cap. 7, § 737.—With gen.:

    locus medius regionum earum,

    half-way between, Caes. B. G. 4, 19:

    locus medius juguli summique lacerti,

    between, Ov. M. 6, 409; 5, 564:

    et medius juvenum ibat,

    id. F. 5, 67:

    medius silentūm,

    Stat. Th. 4, 683.—With ex:

    medius ex tribus,

    Sall. J. 11, 3:

    medium arripere aliquem,

    to seize one by the middle, around the body, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 18:

    juvenem medium complectitur,

    Liv. 23, 9, 9:

    Alcides medium tenuit,

    held him fast by the middle, Luc. 4, 652:

    medium ostendere unguem,

    to point with the middle finger, Juv. 10, 53.—
    2.
    Transf., half (ante- and postclass.):

    hieme demunt cibum medium,

    half their food, Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 9:

    scrupulum croci,

    Pall. Jan. 18: aurum... Italicis totum, medium provincialibus reddidit, Capitol. Anton. Pius, 4 fin. —
    B.
    Trop., of the middle, not very great or small, middling, medial, moderate.
    1.
    Of age:

    aetatis mediae vir,

    of middle age, Phaedr. 2, 2, 3.—
    2.
    Of plans, purposes, etc.:

    nihil medium, nec spem nec curam, sed immensa omnia volventes animo,

    Liv. 2, 49, 5:

    medium quiddam tenere,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 9.—
    3.
    Of intellect:

    eloquentiā medius,

    middling, tolerable, Vell. 2, 29, 2:

    ingenium,

    moderate, Tac. H. 1, 49.—
    4.
    Undetermined, undecided:

    medios esse,

    i. e. neutral, Cic. Att. 10, 8, 4:

    medium se gerere,

    Liv. 2, 27:

    se dubium mediumque partibus praestitit,

    Vell. 2, 21, 1; cf.:

    responsum,

    indefinite, ambiguous, Liv. 39, 39: vocabula, that can be taken in a good or bad sense, ambiguous, Gell. 12, 9, 1. —
    5.
    Indifferent, not imperative: officium, a duty which is not distinctly enjoined by the moral law, but is sustained by preponderant reasoning:

    medium officium id esse dicunt (Graeci) quod cur factum sit, ratio probabilis reddi possit,

    Cic. Off. 1, 3, 8; cf.:

    ex quo intellegitur, officium medium quiddam esse, quod neque in bonis ponatur neque in contrariis,

    id. Fin. 3, 17, 58; cf.

    sqq. and Madv. ad loc.: artes,

    which in themselves are neither good nor bad, indifferent, Quint. 2, 20, 1.—
    6.
    Intermediate:

    medium erat in Anco ingenium, et Numae et Romuli memor,

    of a middle kind, resembling each in some degree, Liv. 1, 32, 4:

    nihil habet ista res (actoris) medium, sed aut lacrimas meretur aut risum,

    Quint. 6, 1, 45:

    ille jam paene medius adfectus est ex amoribus et desideriis amicorum,

    Quint. 6, 2, 17.—Hence, as subst.: mĕdĭus, i, m., one who stands or comes between, a mediator:

    medium sese offert,

    as a mediator, Verg. A. 7, 536:

    pacator mediusque Syphax,

    Sil. 16, 222:

    pacis eras mediusque belli,

    arbiter, Hor. C. 2, 19, 28; cf.:

    nunc mediis subeant irrita verba deis,

    oaths in which the gods were called upon to be mediators, Ov. R. Am. 678.—
    7.
    Central, with ex or in:

    ex factione media consul,

    fully committed to it, Sall. H. 3, 61, 8;

    so (nearly = intimus), viros fortīs et magnanimos eosdem bonos et simplicīs... esse volumus: quae sunt ex media laude justititiae,

    these qualities are clearly among those which make uprightness praiseworthy, Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63:

    partitiones oratoriae, quae e media illa nostra Academia effloruerunt,

    id. Part. Or. 40, 139:

    ingressio e media philosophia repetita est,

    id. Or. 3, 11; id. Leg. 2, 21, 53:

    in medio maerore et dolore,

    id. Tusc. 4, 29, 63; id. Q. Fr. 2, 15, 1:

    in media dimicatione,

    the hottest of the fight, Suet. Aug. 10; cf.:

    in medio ardore certaminis,

    Curt. 8, 4, 27:

    in media solitudine,

    the most profound, Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 2:

    in mediis divitiis,

    in abundant wealth, id. Vit. Beat. 26, 1:

    in medio robore virium,

    Liv. 28, 35, 6:

    in medio ardore belli,

    id. 24, 45, 4:

    in media reipublicae luce,

    the full blaze of public life, Quint. 1, 2, 18:

    media inter pocula,

    Juv. 8, 217.—Hence,
    II.
    Subst.: mĕdĭum, ii, n., the middle, midst.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    Of space (very rare in Cic.):

    in medio aedium sedens,

    Liv. 1, 57, 9:

    maris,

    id. 31, 45, 11; for which, without in, medio aedium eburneis sellis sedere, id. 5, 41, 2:

    medio viae ponere,

    id. 37, 13, 10:

    in agmine in primis modo, modo in postremis, saepe in medio adesse,

    Sall. J. 45, 2; for which, without in, medio sextam legionem constituit, Tac. A. 13, 38:

    medio montium porrigitur planities,

    id. ib. 1, 64:

    medio stans hostia ad aras,

    Verg. G. 3, 486:

    medio tutissimus ibis,

    Ov. M. 2, 137:

    in medium geminos immani pondere caestus Projecit,

    Verg. A. 5, 401:

    in medium sarcinas coniciunt,

    Liv. 10, 36, 1; 13:

    equitatus consulem in medium acceptum, armis protegens, in castra reduxit,

    id. 21, 46, 9.— Trop.:

    tamquam arbiter honorarius medium ferire voluisse,

    to cut through the middle, Cic. Fat. 17, 39:

    intacta invidiā media sunt, ad summa ferme tendit,

    Liv. 45, 35.—
    2.
    Of time:

    diei,

    Liv. 27, 48:

    medio temporis,

    in the meantime, meanwhile, Tac. A. 13, 28; cf.:

    nec longum in medio tempus, cum,

    the interval, Verg. A. 9, 395; Ov. M. 4, 167; Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 13.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    The midst of all, the presence of all, the public, the community (class.):

    in medio omnibus palma est posita, qui artem tractant musicam,

    lies open to all, Ter. Phorm. prol. 16:

    tabulae sunt in medio,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 104:

    rem totam in medio ponere,

    publicly, id. ib. 2, 1, 11, §

    29: ponam in medio sententias philosophorum,

    id. N. D. 1, 6, 13:

    dicendi ratio in medio posita,

    lies open to all, id. de Or. 1, 3, 12:

    rem in medium proferre,

    to publish, make known, id. Fam. 15, 27, 6: vocare in medium, before the public, before a public tribunal:

    rem in medium vocare coeperunt,

    id. Clu. 28, 77:

    in medio relinquere,

    to leave it to the public, leave it undecided, id. Cael. 20, 48; Sall. C. 19, 16: pellere e medio, to expel, reject, Enn. ap. Cic. Mur. 14, 30 (Ann. v. 272 Vahl.); Cic. Off. 3, 8, 37:

    cum jacentia verba sustulimus e medio,

    adopt words from the people, common words, id. de Or. 3, 45, 177; cf.: munda sed e medio consuetaque verba puellae Scribite, Ov. A. A. 3, 479: tollere de medio, to do away with, abolish:

    litteras,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 71, § 176: tollere de medio, to put out of the way, cut off, destroy:

    hominem,

    id. Rosc. Am. 7, 20:

    de medio removere,

    to put out of sight, id. ib. 8, 23: e medio excedere or abire, to leave the world, to die:

    e medio excessit,

    she is dead, Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 74:

    ea mortem obiit, e medio abiit,

    id. ib. 5, 8, 30:

    tollite lumen e medio,

    Juv. 9, 106: recedere de medio, to go away, retire, withdraw:

    cur te mihi offers? recede de medio,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 112:

    in medio esse,

    to be present, Ter. Ad. 3, 5, 32:

    in medium venire or procedere,

    to appear, come forward, show one's self in public, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 71, § 175: in medium, before the public, for the public, for the community:

    communes utilitates in medium afferre,

    id. Off. 1, 7, 22:

    consulere in medium,

    to care for the public good, for the good of all, Verg. A. 11, 335;

    so opp. separantem suas res a publicis,

    Liv. 24, 22, 14 sq.; 26, 12, 7:

    quaerere,

    to make acquisitions for the use of all, Verg. G. 1, 127: cedere, to fall or devolve to the community, Tac. H. 4, 64:

    conferre laudem,

    i. e. so that all may have a share of it, Liv. 6, 6:

    dare,

    to communicate for the use of all, Ov. M. 15, 66:

    in medium conferre, in gaming,

    to put down, put in the pool, Suet. Aug. 71: in medio, for sub dio, in the open air:

    scorpios fugari posse, si aliqui ex eis urantur in medio,

    Pall. 1, 35, 12.—
    2.
    A half (ante-class. and post-Aug.):

    scillae medium conterunt cum aqua,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 7:

    scrobem ad medium completo,

    Col. Arb. 4, 5.—Hence,
    III.
    Adv.: mĕdĭē, in the middle, in a middling degree, moderately, tolerably (except once in Tac. only post-class.):

    qui noluerant medie,

    kept quiet, remained neutral, Tac. H. 1, 19:

    nec plane optimi, nec oppido deterrimi sunt, sed quasi medie morati,

    App. Dogm. Plat. 2, p. 22, 23; Eutr. 7, 13; Lact. 6, 15 fin.:

    ortus medie humilis,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 20.—
    2.
    Indefinitely, Ambros. in Luc. 8, 17, 34.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > medius

  • 13 pendeo

    pendĕo, pĕpendi, 2, v. n. [ intr. of pendo, q. v.], to hang, hang down, be suspended.
    I.
    Lit., constr. with ab, ex, or in and abl.; also ( poet.), with abl. alone, or with de: pendent peniculamenta, Enn. ap. Non. 149, 32 (Ann. v. 363 Vahl.): in candelabro pendet strigilis, Varr. ap. Non. 223, 7:

    in arbore,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 57:

    sagittae pende, bant ab umero,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 34, §

    74: ex arbore,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 26, §

    66: ubera circum (pueri),

    Verg. A. 8, 632:

    horrida pendebant molles super ora capilli,

    Ov. P. 3, 3, 17:

    capiti patiar sacros pendere corymbos,

    Prop. 2, 23, 35 (3, 28, 39):

    telum... summo clipei nequiquam umbone pependit,

    Verg. A. 2, 544:

    deque viri collo dulce pependit onus,

    Ov. F. 2, 760.—Of garments:

    chlamydemque ut pendeat apte, Collocat,

    Ov. M. 2, 733:

    tigridis exuviae per dorsum a vertice pendent,

    Verg. A. 11, 577.—Of slaves, who were strung up to be flogged, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 27:

    quando pendes per pedes,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 35:

    ibi pendentem ferit,

    id. Trin. 2, 1, 19; id. Truc. 4, 3, 3; cf. id. Men. 5, 5, 48: quid me fiet nunciam? Theo. Verberibus caedere pendens, id. Most. 5, 2, 45:

    ego plectar pendens, nisi, etc.,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 43; id. Eun. 5, 6, 20.— Poet., of suspended votive offerings:

    omnibus heu portis pendent mea noxia vota,

    Prop. 4 (5), 3, 17; Tib. 1, 1, 16 (24):

    pendebatque vagi pastoris in arbore votum,

    id. 2, 5, 29:

    pendebit fistula pinu,

    Verg. E. 7, 24:

    multaque praeterea sacris in postibus arma, Captivi pendent currus, etc.,

    id. A. 7, 184.—Of one who hangs himself, Mart. 8, 61, 2:

    e trabe sublimi triste pependit onus,

    Ov. R. Am. 18:

    pendentem volo Zoilum videre,

    Mart. 4, 77, 5.—Of any thing hung up for public notice;

    of the names of persons accused,

    Suet. Dom. 9, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 1;

    of goods hung up, exposed for sale,

    Phaedr. 3, 4, 1;

    transf., of a debtor whose goods are exposed for sale,

    Suet. Claud. 9 fin. —Prov.: pendere filo or tenui filo, to hang by a thread, i. e. to be in great danger: hac noctu filo pendebit Etruria tota, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 153 Vahl.):

    omnia sunt hominum tenui pendentia filo,

    Ov. P. 4, 3, 35; Val. Max. 6, 4, 1.—
    B.
    Transf. (mostly poet.; cf. immineo).
    1.
    To hang in the air, be suspended, to float, hover, overhang: per speluncas saxis structas asperis, pendentibus, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37 (Trag. Rel. p. 245 Rib.);

    imitated,

    Lucr. 6, 195:

    hinc scopulus raucis pendet adesus aquis,

    Ov. H. 10, 26:

    dum siccā tellure licet, dum nubila pendent,

    Verg. G. 1, 214:

    hi summo in fluctu pendent,

    id. A. 1, 106:

    illisaque prora pependit,

    id. ib. 5, 206; Curt. 4, 2, 9:

    dumosā pendere procul de rupe videbo (capros),

    Verg. E. 1, 77:

    pendentes rupe capellae,

    Ov. P. 1, 8, 51.—So of birds, which float or hover in the air:

    olor niveis pendebat in aëra pennis,

    Ov. M. 7, 379; 8, 145:

    et supra vatem multa pependit avis,

    Mart. Spect. 21.—

    Of a rapid course: raraque non fracto vestigia pulvere pendent,

    Stat. Th. 6, 638.—
    2.
    To hang loosely together, be unstable, movable:

    opertum (litus) pendeat algā,

    Ov. M. 11, 233.—
    3.
    To hang about, loiter, tarry, linger anywhere:

    nostroque in limine pendes,

    Verg. A. 6, 151.—
    4.
    To hang down, be flabby or flaccid, weak, without strength:

    fluidos pendere lacertos,

    Ov. M. 15, 231:

    pendentesque genas et aniles aspice rugas,

    Juv. 10, 193.—
    5.
    To weigh:

    offula cum duabus costis quae penderet III. et XX. pondo,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 11:

    cyathus pendet drachmas X., mna pendet drachmas Atticas centum,

    Plin. 21, 34, 109, § 185:

    Lucio Titio modios centum, qui singuli pondo centum pendeant, heres dato,

    Dig. 33, 6, 7.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To hang, rest, or depend upon a person or thing (class.); constr. with ex, in, ab, the simple abl., or de:

    tuorum, qui ex te pendent,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 22, 2:

    spes pendet ex fortunā,

    id. Par. 2, 17:

    ex quo verbo tota causa pendebat,

    id. de Or. 2, 25, 107; id. Fam. 5, 13, 1:

    hinc omnis pendet Lucilius,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 6:

    an ignoratis. vectigalia perlevi saepe momento fortunae pendere?

    Cic. Agr. 2, 29, 80:

    salus nostra, quae spe exiguā extremāque pendet,

    Cic. Fl. 2, 4:

    tam levi momento mea apud vos fama pendet,

    Liv. 2, 7, 10:

    pendere ex alterius vultu ac nutu,

    id. 39, 5, 3:

    oblite, tuā nostram pendere salutem,

    Sil. 3, 109: in sententiis [p. 1328] omnium civium famam nostram fortunamque pendere, Cic. Pis. 41, 98:

    ex ancipiti temporum mutatione pendere,

    Curt. 4, 1, 27; Luc. 5, 686:

    deque tuis pendentia Dardana fatis,

    Sil. 13, 504; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 105:

    tyrannus, cum quo fatum pendebat amici,

    Juv. 4, 88.—
    B.
    To hang upon a person's words, to gaze fixedly, listen attentively to ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.

    haereo): (Dido) pendet iterum narrantis ab ore,

    Verg. A. 4, 79:

    narrantis conjux pendet ab ore viri,

    Ov. H. 1, 30:

    ab imagine pendet,

    Sil. 8, 93; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 72:

    pervigil Arcadio Tiphys pendebat ab astro,

    Val. Fl. 1, 481:

    attentus et pendens,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 7:

    ex vultu dicentis pendent omnium vultus,

    Sen. Contr. 9, 23, 5.— Poet., with a terminal clause:

    e summo pendent cupida agmina vallo, Noscere quisque suos,

    Stat. Th. 10, 457.—
    C.
    To be suspended, interrupted, discontinued ( poet. and in post-class. prose):

    pendent opera interrupta,

    Verg. A. 4, 88:

    mutui datio interdum pendet,

    Dig. 12, 1, 8:

    condictio pendet,

    ib. 7, 1, 12 fin.:

    actio negotiorum gestorum pendeat,

    ib. 3, 5, 8; 24, 1, 11:

    pendet jus liberorum, propter jus postliminii,

    Just. Inst. 1, 12, 5.—
    D.
    To hang suspended, be ready to fall:

    nec amicum pendentem corruere patitur,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43.—
    E.
    To be in suspense, to be uncertain, doubiful, irresolute, perplexed (cf. haesito):

    animus tibi pendet?

    Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 18:

    nolo suspensam et incertam plebem Romanam obscurā spe et caecā exspectatione pendere,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 66:

    ne diutius pendeas,

    id. Att. 4, 15, 6:

    quia quam diu futurum hoc sit, non nimis pendeo,

    Sen. Ep. 61, 2:

    mortales pavidis cum pendent mentibus,

    Lucr. 6, 51.—Esp. freq.:

    pendere animi (locative case, v. Kühnast,

    Liv. Synt. p. 39):

    Clitipho cum spe pendebit animi,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 5:

    exanimatus pendet animi,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 35:

    pendeo animi exspectatione Corfiniensi,

    id. Att. 8, 5, 2:

    animi pendeo et de te et de me,

    id. ib. 16, 12.—With rel.-clause:

    ego animi pendeo, quid illud sit negotii,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 18:

    ostendis te pendere animi, quamnam rationem, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 11, 12, 1; id. Leg. 1, 3, 9.—Less freq.: pendere animo: atque animo noctu pendens eventa timebat, Cic. poët. ap. Non. 204, 8.—In plur.:

    animis: quodsi exspectando et desiderando pendemus animis, cruciamur, angimur,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 40, 96:

    sollicitis ac pendentibus animis,

    Liv. 7, 30 fin. dub. (al. animi, v. Drak. ad loc.).—With cum:

    plebs innumera mentibus cum dimicationum curulium eventu pendentem,

    Amm. 14, 6, 26.—Law t. t., to be undetermined, to await decision:

    pendente condicione,

    Gai. Inst. 2, 200; 1, 186; 3, 179.—
    F.
    To have weight or value:

    bona vera idem pendent,

    Sen. Ep. 66, 30 (Haas; al. pendunt).—Hence, pendens, entis, P. a.
    A.
    Hanging; in econom. lang., of fruits not yet plucked or gathered:

    vinum,

    Cato, R. R. 147:

    vindemia,

    Dig. 19, 1, 25:

    olea,

    Cato, R. R. 146:

    fructus,

    Dig. 6, 1, 44. —
    B.
    Pending; hence, in jurid, Lat., in pendenti esse, to be pending, undecided, uncertain:

    quando in pendenti est, an, etc.,

    Dig. 38, 17, 10:

    in pendenti est posterior solutio ac prior,

    ib. 46, 3, 58; 7, 1, 25:

    in pendenti habere aliquid,

    to regard a thing as uncertain, doubtful, Dig. 49, 17, 19 fin.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pendeo

  • 14 suspendo

    suspendo, di, sum, 3, v. a. [sus, from subs, for sub; v. sub, III., and pendo], to hang up, hang, suspend (freq. and class.).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    pernas suspendito in vento biduum... suspendito in fumo biduum... suspendito in carnario,

    Cato, R. R. 162, 3:

    aliquid in fumo,

    Plin. 30, 4, 11, § 31:

    suspensae in litore vestes,

    Lucr. 1, 305:

    religata ad pinnam muri reste suspensus,

    Liv. 8, 16, 9:

    oscilla ex altā pinu,

    Verg. G. 2, 389:

    columbam malo ab alto,

    id. A. 5, 489:

    tignis nidum suspendat hirundo,

    id. G. 4, 307:

    habilem arcum umeris,

    id. A. 1, 318:

    stamina telā,

    Ov. M. 6, 576:

    aliquid collo,

    Plin. 37, 9, 40, § 124:

    (ranae) suspensae pedibus,

    id. 32, 8, 29, § 92; Col. 7, 10, 3:

    aliquid e collo,

    Plin. 23, 7, 63, § 125:

    allium super prunas,

    id. 19, 6, 34, § 115:

    vitem sub ramo,

    id. 17, 23, 35, § 209:

    cocleam in fumo,

    id. 30, 4, 11, § 31: aliquid lance, to weigh, Pert. 4, 10; cf.:

    in trutinā Homerum,

    Juv. 6, 438:

    suspendi a jugulis suis gladios obsecrantes,

    Amm. 17, 12, 16:

    se suspendit fenestrā,

    i. e. to look out, App. M. p. 148, 6.— Poet.:

    nec sua credulitas piscem suspenderat hamo,

    had hung, caught, Ov. M. 15, 101.—In a Greek construction: [p. 1820] (pueri) laevo suspensi loculos tabulamque lacerto, with their satchels hanging on their arms, Hor. S. 1, 6, 74; id. Ep. 1, 1, 56.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Pregn., of persons.
    a.
    To choke to death by hanging, to hang (cf.:

    suffoco, strangulo): capias restim ac te suspendas,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 184; cf. id. Pers. 5, 2, 34:

    nisi me suspendo, occidi,

    id. Rud. 5, 3 59:

    se suspendere,

    id. Trin. 2, 4, 135; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 56, § 129; id. Att. 13, 40, 1: caput obnubito: arbori infelici suspendito, Lex. ap. Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 13; Liv. 1, 26, 6:

    uxorem suam suspendisse se de ficu,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 278:

    se e ficu,

    Quint. 6, 3, 88:

    hominem in oleastro,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 57:

    more vel intereas capti suspensus Achaei,

    Ov. Ib. 297:

    aliquem in furcā,

    Dig. 48, 13, 6; cf.:

    virgines, quae corporibus suspensis demortuae forent,

    Gell. 15, 10, 2.—
    b.
    To hang at the whipping-post; pass., to be flogged, Amm. 15, 7, 4.—
    2.
    Of offerings in a temple, to hang up, dedicate, consecrate:

    votas vestes,

    Verg. A. 12, 769; cf. id. ib. 9, 408:

    arma capta patri Quirino,

    id. ib. 6, 859:

    vestimenta maris deo,

    Hor. C. 1, 5, 15:

    insignia,

    Tib. 2, 4, 23.—
    3.
    Esp., of buildings, to build upon arches or vaults, to arch or vault: primus balneola suspendit, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 194, 14; cf. id. Top. 4, 22:

    pavimenta,

    Pall. 1, 20, 2:

    cameras harundinibus,

    to arch over, Plin. 16, 36, 64, § 156:

    castra saxis praeruptis,

    to build on, Sil. 3, 556:

    velabra,

    Amm. 14, 6, 25:

    duo tigna... suspenderent eam contignationem,

    propped up, supported, Caes. B. C. 2, 9, 2; cf. id. ib. § 5.—
    b.
    Transf. (with esp. reference to the thing beneath), to prop up, hold up, support:

    muro suspenso furculis,

    Liv. 38, 7, 9:

    agentem ex imo rimas insulam,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 15, 5:

    tellus ligneis columnis suspenditur,

    Plin. 33, 4, 21, § 68:

    dolia subjectis parvis tribus lapidibus suspenduntur,

    Col. 12, 18, 6; cf. id. 2, 15, 6; 3, 13, 8:

    orbis Libycos Indis dentibus,

    tables with ivory feet, Mart. 2, 43, 9:

    cum terra levis virgultaque molem suspendant,

    Luc. 3, 397; Petr. 135:

    pes summis digitis suspenditur,

    is raised on tiptoe, Quint. 11, 3, 125.—
    c.
    Esp., of ploughing, etc., to lift up, raise:

    si non fuerit tellus fecunda... tenui sat erit suspendere sulco,

    Verg. G. 1, 68:

    ripas... litora multo vomere suspendere,

    Stat. Th. 4, 181; cf.:

    vineam in summā terrā suspendere,

    Col. 3, 13.—
    II.
    Trop.; pass. suspendi, to depend, rest, etc.
    A.
    In gen. (very rare):

    extrinsecus aut bene aut male vivendi suspensas habere rationes,

    dependent upon externals, Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 1:

    cui viro ex se ipso apta sunt omnia, nec suspensa aliorum aut bono casu aut contrario pendere, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 5, 12, 36:

    genus, ex quo ceterae species suspensae sunt,

    Sen. Ep. 58, 7:

    numquam crediderim felicem ex felicitate suspensum,

    id. ib. 98, 1.—
    B.
    In partic., to cause to be suspended, i. e.,
    1.
    To make uncertain or doubtful, to keep in suspense:

    medio responso rem suspenderunt,

    Liv. 39, 29, 1:

    illa Suspendit animos fictā gravitate rogantum,

    Ov. M. 7, 308:

    ea res omnium animos exspectatione suspenderat,

    Curt. 9, 7, 20:

    aliquem exspectatione,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 3:

    diu judicum animos,

    Quint. 9, 2, 22; cf.:

    senatum ambiguis responsis,

    Suet. Tib. 24:

    suspensa ac velut dubitans oratio,

    Quint. 10, 7, 22:

    exspectationem,

    Curt. 7, 4, 14; cf. infra, in the P. a. —
    2.
    To stay, stop, check, interrupt, suspend (syn. supprimo):

    nec jam suspendere fletum Sustinet,

    Ov. F. 4, 849:

    lacrimas,

    id. Am. 1, 7, 57:

    spiritum,

    Quint. 1, 8, 1:

    sermonem,

    Quint. 11, 3, 35 sq.:

    fluxiones oculorum,

    Plin. 28, 7, 21, § 73:

    epiphoras,

    id. 25, 12, 91, § 143:

    causas morbi,

    Veg. Vet. 3, 65, 5:

    gressum,

    id. ib. 2, 55, 3:

    manum tuam,

    id. ib. 2, 40, 3; cf. P. a. 2. infra. —
    * 3.
    To hang or fix upon something:

    suspendit pictā vultum mentemque tabellā,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 97.—
    4.
    Aliquem or aliquid naso (adunco), to turn up one ' s nose at, to sneer at a person or thing (Horatian):

    naso suspendis adunco Ignotos,

    Hor. S. 1, 6, 5:

    Balatro suspendens omnia naso,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 64.—
    5.
    Of a temporary removal from office, to suspend:

    duobus hunc (episcopum) mensibus, Greg. M. Ep. 3, 46: ab officio suspensus,

    id. ib. —Hence, suspen-sus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Lit. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug-prose).
    1.
    Raised, elerated, suspended: Roma cenaculis sublata atque suspensa, Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 96; so,

    saxis suspensam hanc aspice rupem,

    Verg. A. 8, 190: equi illi Neptunii, qui per undas currus suspensos rapuisse dicuntur, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 67; cf.:

    vel mare per medium fluctu suspensa tumenti Ferret iter,

    skimming lightly over the waters, Verg. A. 7, 810:

    (corus) suspensum in terras portat mare,

    raised on high, Sil. 1, 470:

    suspensis auribus,

    Prop. 3, 6 (4, 5), 8:

    aura suspensa levisque,

    Lucr. 3, 196:

    terra,

    loosened, loose, Col. 11, 3, 54:

    suspensissimum pastinatum,

    id. 3, 13, 7:

    (oliva) inicitur quam mundissimis molis suspensis ne nucleus frangatur,

    id. 12, 51, 2, and 54, 2:

    radix suspensa pariter et mersa,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 20, 6:

    suspensum inter nubila corpus,

    Sil. 12, 94; 1, 470:

    loco ab umore suspenso,

    Pall. 1, 40, 1:

    alituum suspensa cohors,

    Sen. Phoen. 77.—
    2.
    Transf., suspended, i. e. pressing or touching lightly, light:

    suspenso gradu placide ire perrexi,

    on tiptoe, Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 28; so,

    gradu,

    Ov. F. 1, 426; 6, 338; cf.:

    evagata noctu suspenso pede,

    Phaedr. 2, 4, 18:

    pedes,

    Sen. Contr. 1 praef. fin.:

    suspensa levans digitis vestigia primis,

    Verg. Cir. 212:

    vestigia,

    Sil. 15, 617:

    suspensā manu commendare aliquem,

    slightly, Plin. Ep. 6, 12, 1:

    suspensis dentibus,

    Lucr. 5, 1069:

    suspensis passibus,

    Amm. 14, 2, 31:

    molis suspensis,

    Col. 12, 51, 2; 12, 54, 2.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Uncertain, hovering, doubtful, wavering, hesitating, in suspense, undetermined, anxious (the predom. and class. signif.;

    syn.: incertus, dubius): nolo suspensam et incertam plebem Romanam obscurā spe et caecā exspectatione pendere,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 66; cf.:

    civitas suspensa metu,

    id. ib. 1, 8, 23:

    suspensum me tenes,

    id. Att. 10, 1, 2:

    maneo Thessalonicae suspensus,

    id. ib. 3, 8, 2; Hirt. B. G. 8, 43:

    tot populos inter spem metumque suspensos animi habetis,

    Liv. 8, 13:

    suspensus animus et sollicitus,

    Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:

    suspenso animo exspectare, quod quis agat,

    id. ib. 4, 15, 10:

    animus,

    id. de Or. 1, 56, 239; id. Fam. 16, 3, 2; id. Verr. 2, 5, 6, § 14:

    animus suspensus curis majoribus,

    id. Phil. 7, 1, 1:

    auditā inspectāque re, omnia suspensa neutro inclinatis sententiis reliquere,

    Liv. 34, 62, 16:

    dimissis suspensā re legatis,

    id. 31, 32, 5.— Comp.:

    exercitus suspensiore animo, Auct. B. Afr. 48, 3: suspensus incertusque vultus, coloris mutatio,

    Cic. Clu. 19, 54; 3, 8; cf.: hominum exspectationem et spem rei publicae suspensam tenere, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 8, 1; Cic. Fam. 11, 8, 1:

    suspensam dubiamque noctem spe ac metu exegimus,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 19:

    pro homine amicissimo,

    id. ib. 8, 5, 3:

    munera suspensi plena timoris,

    Ov. H. 16, 84 Ruhnk.:

    suspensa et obscura verba,

    Tac. A. 1, 11.— Neutr. absol.:

    quare non semper illam (nequitiam) in suspenso relinquam?

    Sen. Ep. 97, 14:

    est suspensum et anxium, de eo, quem ardentissime diligas, interdum nihil scire,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 4, 3:

    rem totam in suspenso reliqui,

    id. ib. 10, 31 (40), 4:

    ipse in suspenso tenuit,

    Tac. H. 1, 78 fin.:

    si adhuc in suspenso sit statuta libertas,

    Dig. 9, 4, 15; Just. Inst. 1, 12, 5.—
    2.
    Of goods held under a lien or judgment:

    suspensis amici bonis libellum deicio creditoribus ejus me obligaturus,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 12, 3.—
    3.
    Dependent:

    qui fideles nobis socii, qui dubii suspensaeque ex fortunā fidei,

    Liv. 44, 18, 4:

    animos ex tam levibus momentis fortunae suspensos,

    id. 4, 32, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > suspendo

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  • undetermined — adjective a) Not determined; not settled; not decided. b) Not limited; not defined; indeterminate …   Wiktionary

  • undetermined — Synonyms and related words: accidental, adventitious, aleatoric, aleatory, ambitendent, ambivalent, amorphous, at issue, at loose ends, bleary, blobby, blurred, blurry, broad, capricious, casual, causeless, chance, chancy, changeable, chaotic,… …   Moby Thesaurus

  • Undetermined — როცა პაციენტი ელოდება დასკვნას. Source: ირმა მანჯავიძე, ლევან ლაბაური, მარინე კვაჭაძე. ადამიანის უფლებათა დაცვა ჯანდაცვის სფეროში და სიტყვის თავისუფლება თბ., 2006 …   Georgian encyclopedia

  • undetermined — (Roget s Thesaurus II) adjective 1. Marked by lack of firm decision or commitment; of questionable outcome: indefinite, open, uncertain, undecided, unresolved, unsettled, unsure, vague. Idiom: up in the air. See CERTAIN. 2. Lacking precise limits …   English dictionary for students

  • Undetermined — ISO 639 3 Code : und ISO 639 2/B Code : und ISO 639 2/T Code : und ISO 639 1 Code : Scope : Special Language Type : Special …   Names of Languages ISO 639-3

  • undetermined — adj. not determined as yet; not settled; unknown, not ascertained in a specific manner …   English contemporary dictionary

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