Перевод: с латинского на английский

с английского на латинский

to+sit

  • 81 reliquus

    rĕlĭquus (sometimes written rĕlĭcuus, rell-, -qus, v. Lachm. ad Lucr. p. 305; Freund ad Cic. Mil. p. 31-34. Rēlĭcŭus as a quadrisyl., Lucr. 1, 560 Munro ad loc.; 4, 976), a, um, adj. [relinquo, I.], that is left or remains, that is left behind, remaining, = relictus (freq. and a good prose word; not found in Cat., Tib., Verg., or Hor.).
    (α).
    With dat.:

    hoc mihi unum ex plurimis miseriis reliquom fuerat malum,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 55:

    ut spes nulla reliqua in te siet tibi,

    id. Eun. 2, 2, 9:

    potes mulo isto, quem tibi reliquum dicis esse, Romam pervehi,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 18, 4:

    quod erant oppida mihi etiam complura reliqua,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 27, § 65:

    quae deprecatio est igitur ei reliqua, qui, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 50, §

    120: quibus lubido atque luxuria ex magnis rapinis nihil reliqui fecerat,

    Sall. C. 28, 4:

    reliqua alia optio,

    Quint. 7, 7, 8.—
    (β).
    Without a dat., Cato ap. Prisc. p. 696 P.: ne a stirpe genus nostrum interiret et uti aliqua propago generis nostri reliqua esset (just before, restare), C. Gracch. ap. Schol. Cic. Sull. 9, p. 365 Orell.; cf.:

    neu causa ulla restet reliqua, Quin, etc.,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 11:

    ex quā (familiā) reliquus est M. Titurnius Rufus,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 39; cf. id. Clu. 7, 22:

    reliquos hos esse non ex bello... sed ex tuo scelere,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 54, § 124; and:

    moriar, si praeter te quemquam reliquum habeo, in quo, etc.,

    id. Fam. 9, 15, 2; and with this cf. Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 15 (p. 216 Gerl.):

    qui lucus in Graeciā totā tam sanctus fuit, in quo ullum simulacrum, ullum ornamentum reliquum sit?

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 7:

    si qua reliqua spes est, quae sociorum animos consolari possit,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 5, 18. — Esp., subst.: rĕlĭquum ( - quom), i, n., that is left, a remainder, residue, rest:

    numquam ab amatore suo postulat id, quod datum est, Sed reliquom dat operam, ne sit reliquum,

    Plaut. Truc. prol. 15:

    quod ad vos, spectatores, reliquum relinquitur, More majorum date plausum, id. Cist. grex 5: ut pernoscatis, ecquid spei sit relicuom,

    Ter. And. prol. 25; cf. id. Eun. 5, 5 (6), 26:

    addendo deducendoque videre, quae reliqui summa fuit,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 59:

    quid reliqui'st, quin habeat quae quidem in homine dicuntur bona,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 19:

    quid enim est huic reliqui, quod, etc.,

    Cic. Sull. 31, 89:

    cum reliqui nihil sit omnino, quod pertinet ad nos,

    id. Fin. 2, 31, 101:

    quid reliqui habemus praeter,

    Sall. C. 20, 13:

    nec, quod ab hoste crudelius pati possent, reliqui quicquam fuit,

    Liv. 32, 13.— With gen. (syn. reliquiae): illud breve vitae reliquum nec avide adpetendum senibus sit, Cic. Sen. 20, 72:

    Agrigentum, quod belli reliquum erat,

    i. e. where alone the war was afterwards carried on, Liv. 26, 40; cf., in plur.:

    reliqua belli perfecta,

    id. 9, 16; and Tac. H. 4, 2:

    ubi reliquum vitae degere tuto posset,

    Liv. 39, 13:

    reliquum dici,

    id. 2, 25, 2; 3, 15, 8; 3, 52, 5:

    corporis reliqua,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 21 fin. (but in Plaut. Merc. 3, 2, 4, the correct read. is:

    reliquom vitae spatium, v. Ritschl ad h. l.).— So in late Lat. persaep.: reliqua verborum,

    Vulg. 3 Reg. 11, 41:

    urbis,

    id. 1 Par. 11, 8.—
    2.
    Partic. constructions.
    a.
    Reliquum est, ut, or with inf., it remains, that (syn.:

    relinquitur, restat, superest): reliquum est, ut officiis certemus inter nos,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 31, 1; id. Att. 7, 13, 4; id. Fl. 14, 32; Nep. Att. 21, 5; Quint. 5, 7, 19; cf.:

    reliquum est, ubi nunc est res publica, ibi simus,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 3 (where B. and K. supply ut, ex conj.); so,

    reliquum est, tuam profectionem amore prosequar,

    id. ib. 15, 21, 5.—With inf.:

    nunc hortari modo reliquum est et ire,

    Sall. H. Fragm. 3,22 (p. 232 Gerl.).—
    b.
    Reliquum (aliquem, aliquid) or aliquid reliqui facere, a periphrase for relinquere, and in the twofold signification of that word.
    (α).
    To leave behind, leave remaining:

    ut arent, quibus aratrum saltem aliquod satelles istius Apronius relicum fecit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 55, § 128:

    quos belli calamitas reliquos fecerat,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 53, §

    126: haec addita cura vix mihi vitam reliquam fecit,

    id. Att. 3, 8, 2:

    si quos fortuna fecisset reliquos,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 24 fin.; cf.:

    quos reliquos fortuna ex nocturnā caede ac fugā fecerat,

    Liv. 9, 24; Curt. 6, 9, 27:

    duarum mihi civitatum reliquos feci agros,

    i. e. have left to be considered, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 44, § 104.— Subst.: rĕlĭquum, i, n., a remnant, remainder (cf. 1, b fin. supra):

    quod reliquum vitae viriumque fames fecerat, id, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 89:

    quod fortuna in malis reliqui fecit, id, etc.,

    id. Sull. 32, 89.—

    Esp. negatively: te nullum munus officii cuiquam reliquum fecisse,

    have left behind you, Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 1:

    quibus nihil non modo de fructu, sed ne de bonis quidem suis reliqui fecit,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 115:

    hi milites nihil reliqui victis fecere,

    Sall. C. 11, 7 Kritz; cf.: captā urbe nihil fit reliqui victis, id ib. 52, 4:

    quibus libido atque luxuria ex magnis rapinis nihil reliqui fecerant,

    id. ib. 28, 4; cf. Liv. 7, 35:

    ne hoc quidem sibi reliqui facit, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 2.—
    (β).
    To leave undone, to omit, neglect (rare and perh. only in the historians;

    also only negatively): nihil ad celeritatem sibi reliqui fecerunt,

    omitted nothing, made every exertion, Caes. B. G. 2, 26 fin.:

    prorsus ab utrisque nihil reliquum fieri,

    Sall. J. 76, 4:

    me nihil reliqui fecisse, quod, etc.,

    Nep. Att. 21, 5:

    nihil reliqui faciunt, quominus, etc.,

    Tac. A. 1, 21 fin. —
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Of time, that is left or remains, future, subsequent:

    spe reliquae tranquillitatis,

    Cic. Sest. 34, 73:

    reliquae vitae dignitas,

    id. Fam. 10, 3, 2:

    reliqua et sperata gloria,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 15, § 43: in reliquum tempus vectigalibus prospexi, Metell. ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 55, § 128:

    reliquum in tempus,

    id. Agr. 1, 4, 13; Caes. B. G. 1, 20 fin.; 3, 16 fin.; cf.

    so, reliquum tempus (opp. praesenti bello),

    Nep. Them, 2, 1.—In the neutr. absol.:

    numquam ecastor ullo die risi adaeque, neque hoc, quod reliquom est (sc. vitae), plus risuram opinor,

    in all my life, to the end of my days, Plaut. Cas. 5, 1, 4.—Hence, in reliquum, adverb., for the future, in future, henceforward, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 7, 2; Sall. J. 42, 4; Liv. 23, 20; 25, 32; 36, 10 fin. al.—
    2.
    In mercantile lang., of debts, remaining, outstanding, in arrear:

    reliquom, quod ex eo quod debitum reliquom,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 175 Müll.:

    nunc quod reliquom restat, volo persolvere,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 40:

    quod dedi datum non vellem, quod reliquom est non dabo,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 30:

    rationes putare argentariam... quid venierit, quid exactum siet, quid reliquum siet,

    Cato, R. R. 2, 5:

    erat ei de ratiunculā Jampridem apud me reliquom pauxillulum Nummorum,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 3:

    ut pecuniam reliquam Buthrotii ad diem solverent,

    Cic. Att. 16, 16, A, § 4 (Cod. Faerni: pecuniae reliquum).—As subst.: rĕlĭqua, ōrum, n. (less freq. rĕlĭquum, i, n.), the remainder of a debt, balance, arrears: reliqua mea Camillus scribit se accepisse, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 19; cf.:

    maxime me angit ratio reliquorum meorum,

    id. ib. 16, 3, 5:

    cum tanta reliqua sint,

    id. ib. 16, 15, 4;

    15, 15, 3: dum reliqua colonorum minuit ad tempus, vires in posterum exhausit, quarum defectione rursus reliqua creverunt,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 6; 9, 37, 2: Sticho reliqua habente, holding a balance, i. e. being in arrears, Dig. 35, 1, 81; so,

    reliqua trahere,

    ib. 26, 7, 46:

    computare,

    ib. 40, 7, 34:

    in adaerandis reliquorum debitis (= reliquiis debitorum),

    Amm. 31, 14, 2; 16, 5, 15.— In sing.:

    nisi forte fidejussores minus idonei sunt et in reliquum non exsolutae quantitatis accesserint,

    Dig. 49, 14, 45 fin.; Symm. Ep. 10, 47.—Hence, by a lusus verbb., of a narration in arrears, the rest, remainder:

    accipite reliquom, alieno uti nil moror,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 16; cf.

    also the passage cited above,

    id. Cist. 1, 3, 40.
    II.
    Transf., of that which remains after a part just mentioned, the remaining, the other; and, in the sing., the remainder, the rest of a thing (diff. from ceteri, q. v.).
    (α).
    Plur.:

    murus cum Romuli tum etiam reliquorum regum sapientiā definitus,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 6, 11; cf. id. ib. 2, 11, 22:

    decemviros... reliquos magistratus,

    id. ib. 2, 31, 54; cf.:

    Servilius consul reliquique magistratus,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 21:

    sol dux et princeps et moderator luminum reliquorum,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17; cf. id. ib. 6, 9, 9; 6, 20, 22; id. Planc. 1, 3:

    ipsum regale genus civitatis haud scio an reliquis simplicibus longe anteponendum,

    id. Rep. 2, 23, 43:

    res capitales et reliquas omnes judicabant iidem,

    id. ib. 3, 35, 48; cf. id. ib. 6, 17, 17; id. Leg. 3, 7, 16:

    ad eam sententiam, cum reliquis causis, haec quoque ratio eos deduxit,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 10:

    oppida, vicos, reliqua privata aedificia incendunt,

    id. ib. 1, 5:

    octo cohortes in fronte constituit, reliquarum signa in subsidio collocat,

    Sall. C. 59, 2.—As subst.:

    princeps ille (Plato) aream sibi sumpsit, in quā, etc.... Reliqui disseruerunt, etc.,

    the others, the rest, Cic. Rep. 2, 11, 21; 1, 4, 7:

    in quā (causā) et ipse sentiat et reliqui omnes me, etc.,

    id. Att. 16, 15, 1:

    aurum perinde aspernantur (Scythae) ac reliqui mortales appetunt,

    Just. 2, 2, 7:

    deinceps Jovem atque Junonem, reliquos, quos, etc.,

    Cic. Univ. 11; cf.

    thus, without a copula, Brutorum, C. Cassii, Cn. Domitii, C. Trebonii, reliquorum,

    and so forth, id. Phil. 2, 12, 30; cf.:

    Africanus, cum patria illo modo loquens. reliquaque praeclare,

    id. Fin. 2, 32, 106, Quint. 9, 4, 124:

    si placet, in hunc diem hactenus. Reliqua (satis enim multa restant) differamus in crastinum,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 44, 71:

    audi reliqua,

    Plaut. As. 4, 1, 46:

    age, ambula, ibique reliqua alia fabulabimur,

    id. Poen. 3, 4, 8:

    reliqua vaticinationis brevi esse confecta,

    Cic. Div. 1, 32, 68:

    aderat janitor carceris et carnifex praetoris, reliqua,

    and the like, and so forth, and so on, Quint. 9, 4, 124;

    but post-class.: et reliqua,

    Vop. Firm. 5 fin. —
    (β).
    Sing.:

    corpore relicuo pugnam caedesque petessit,

    Lucr. 3, 648 Lachm.:

    equitum magno numero ex omni populi summa separato, reliquum populum distribuit in quinque classes, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 39:

    scribit Labieno... cum legione ad fines Nerviorum veniat, reliquam partem exercitūs non putat exspectandam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 46 fin.; 1, 18:

    neque de frumento reliquoque commeatu satis esse provisum,

    id. ib. 3, 3:

    militibus quoque equis exceptis reliquam praedam concessimus,

    Cic. Att. 5, 20, 5:

    jampridem cupio Alexandream reliquamque Aegyptum visere,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 1; cf. id. Lael. 2, 6; id. Rep. 2, 38, 64.— As subst.:

    paene oblitus sum, reliquom dicere,

    Plaut. Poen. prol. 118; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 43, § 103:

    reliquum temporis cum magnā trepidatione vigilavit,

    Suet. Ner. 34:

    haec quidem hactenus: quod reliquum est, cottidie tabellarios habebis,

    as for the rest, as for what remains, Cic. Att. 16, 15, 3; so,

    quod reliquum est,

    id. Fam. 13, 72, 2; id. Planc. 10, 11; Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 48; cf.:

    de reliquo quid tibi ego dicam?

    Cic. Att. 16, 13, c, 2; id. Fam. 6, 20, 3; id. de Or. 1, 22, 100.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > reliquus

  • 82 relliquus

    rĕlĭquus (sometimes written rĕlĭcuus, rell-, -qus, v. Lachm. ad Lucr. p. 305; Freund ad Cic. Mil. p. 31-34. Rēlĭcŭus as a quadrisyl., Lucr. 1, 560 Munro ad loc.; 4, 976), a, um, adj. [relinquo, I.], that is left or remains, that is left behind, remaining, = relictus (freq. and a good prose word; not found in Cat., Tib., Verg., or Hor.).
    (α).
    With dat.:

    hoc mihi unum ex plurimis miseriis reliquom fuerat malum,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 55:

    ut spes nulla reliqua in te siet tibi,

    id. Eun. 2, 2, 9:

    potes mulo isto, quem tibi reliquum dicis esse, Romam pervehi,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 18, 4:

    quod erant oppida mihi etiam complura reliqua,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 27, § 65:

    quae deprecatio est igitur ei reliqua, qui, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 50, §

    120: quibus lubido atque luxuria ex magnis rapinis nihil reliqui fecerat,

    Sall. C. 28, 4:

    reliqua alia optio,

    Quint. 7, 7, 8.—
    (β).
    Without a dat., Cato ap. Prisc. p. 696 P.: ne a stirpe genus nostrum interiret et uti aliqua propago generis nostri reliqua esset (just before, restare), C. Gracch. ap. Schol. Cic. Sull. 9, p. 365 Orell.; cf.:

    neu causa ulla restet reliqua, Quin, etc.,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 11:

    ex quā (familiā) reliquus est M. Titurnius Rufus,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 39; cf. id. Clu. 7, 22:

    reliquos hos esse non ex bello... sed ex tuo scelere,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 54, § 124; and:

    moriar, si praeter te quemquam reliquum habeo, in quo, etc.,

    id. Fam. 9, 15, 2; and with this cf. Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 15 (p. 216 Gerl.):

    qui lucus in Graeciā totā tam sanctus fuit, in quo ullum simulacrum, ullum ornamentum reliquum sit?

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 7:

    si qua reliqua spes est, quae sociorum animos consolari possit,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 5, 18. — Esp., subst.: rĕlĭquum ( - quom), i, n., that is left, a remainder, residue, rest:

    numquam ab amatore suo postulat id, quod datum est, Sed reliquom dat operam, ne sit reliquum,

    Plaut. Truc. prol. 15:

    quod ad vos, spectatores, reliquum relinquitur, More majorum date plausum, id. Cist. grex 5: ut pernoscatis, ecquid spei sit relicuom,

    Ter. And. prol. 25; cf. id. Eun. 5, 5 (6), 26:

    addendo deducendoque videre, quae reliqui summa fuit,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 59:

    quid reliqui'st, quin habeat quae quidem in homine dicuntur bona,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 19:

    quid enim est huic reliqui, quod, etc.,

    Cic. Sull. 31, 89:

    cum reliqui nihil sit omnino, quod pertinet ad nos,

    id. Fin. 2, 31, 101:

    quid reliqui habemus praeter,

    Sall. C. 20, 13:

    nec, quod ab hoste crudelius pati possent, reliqui quicquam fuit,

    Liv. 32, 13.— With gen. (syn. reliquiae): illud breve vitae reliquum nec avide adpetendum senibus sit, Cic. Sen. 20, 72:

    Agrigentum, quod belli reliquum erat,

    i. e. where alone the war was afterwards carried on, Liv. 26, 40; cf., in plur.:

    reliqua belli perfecta,

    id. 9, 16; and Tac. H. 4, 2:

    ubi reliquum vitae degere tuto posset,

    Liv. 39, 13:

    reliquum dici,

    id. 2, 25, 2; 3, 15, 8; 3, 52, 5:

    corporis reliqua,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 21 fin. (but in Plaut. Merc. 3, 2, 4, the correct read. is:

    reliquom vitae spatium, v. Ritschl ad h. l.).— So in late Lat. persaep.: reliqua verborum,

    Vulg. 3 Reg. 11, 41:

    urbis,

    id. 1 Par. 11, 8.—
    2.
    Partic. constructions.
    a.
    Reliquum est, ut, or with inf., it remains, that (syn.:

    relinquitur, restat, superest): reliquum est, ut officiis certemus inter nos,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 31, 1; id. Att. 7, 13, 4; id. Fl. 14, 32; Nep. Att. 21, 5; Quint. 5, 7, 19; cf.:

    reliquum est, ubi nunc est res publica, ibi simus,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 3 (where B. and K. supply ut, ex conj.); so,

    reliquum est, tuam profectionem amore prosequar,

    id. ib. 15, 21, 5.—With inf.:

    nunc hortari modo reliquum est et ire,

    Sall. H. Fragm. 3,22 (p. 232 Gerl.).—
    b.
    Reliquum (aliquem, aliquid) or aliquid reliqui facere, a periphrase for relinquere, and in the twofold signification of that word.
    (α).
    To leave behind, leave remaining:

    ut arent, quibus aratrum saltem aliquod satelles istius Apronius relicum fecit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 55, § 128:

    quos belli calamitas reliquos fecerat,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 53, §

    126: haec addita cura vix mihi vitam reliquam fecit,

    id. Att. 3, 8, 2:

    si quos fortuna fecisset reliquos,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 24 fin.; cf.:

    quos reliquos fortuna ex nocturnā caede ac fugā fecerat,

    Liv. 9, 24; Curt. 6, 9, 27:

    duarum mihi civitatum reliquos feci agros,

    i. e. have left to be considered, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 44, § 104.— Subst.: rĕlĭquum, i, n., a remnant, remainder (cf. 1, b fin. supra):

    quod reliquum vitae viriumque fames fecerat, id, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 89:

    quod fortuna in malis reliqui fecit, id, etc.,

    id. Sull. 32, 89.—

    Esp. negatively: te nullum munus officii cuiquam reliquum fecisse,

    have left behind you, Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 1:

    quibus nihil non modo de fructu, sed ne de bonis quidem suis reliqui fecit,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 115:

    hi milites nihil reliqui victis fecere,

    Sall. C. 11, 7 Kritz; cf.: captā urbe nihil fit reliqui victis, id ib. 52, 4:

    quibus libido atque luxuria ex magnis rapinis nihil reliqui fecerant,

    id. ib. 28, 4; cf. Liv. 7, 35:

    ne hoc quidem sibi reliqui facit, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 2.—
    (β).
    To leave undone, to omit, neglect (rare and perh. only in the historians;

    also only negatively): nihil ad celeritatem sibi reliqui fecerunt,

    omitted nothing, made every exertion, Caes. B. G. 2, 26 fin.:

    prorsus ab utrisque nihil reliquum fieri,

    Sall. J. 76, 4:

    me nihil reliqui fecisse, quod, etc.,

    Nep. Att. 21, 5:

    nihil reliqui faciunt, quominus, etc.,

    Tac. A. 1, 21 fin. —
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Of time, that is left or remains, future, subsequent:

    spe reliquae tranquillitatis,

    Cic. Sest. 34, 73:

    reliquae vitae dignitas,

    id. Fam. 10, 3, 2:

    reliqua et sperata gloria,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 15, § 43: in reliquum tempus vectigalibus prospexi, Metell. ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 55, § 128:

    reliquum in tempus,

    id. Agr. 1, 4, 13; Caes. B. G. 1, 20 fin.; 3, 16 fin.; cf.

    so, reliquum tempus (opp. praesenti bello),

    Nep. Them, 2, 1.—In the neutr. absol.:

    numquam ecastor ullo die risi adaeque, neque hoc, quod reliquom est (sc. vitae), plus risuram opinor,

    in all my life, to the end of my days, Plaut. Cas. 5, 1, 4.—Hence, in reliquum, adverb., for the future, in future, henceforward, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 7, 2; Sall. J. 42, 4; Liv. 23, 20; 25, 32; 36, 10 fin. al.—
    2.
    In mercantile lang., of debts, remaining, outstanding, in arrear:

    reliquom, quod ex eo quod debitum reliquom,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 175 Müll.:

    nunc quod reliquom restat, volo persolvere,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 40:

    quod dedi datum non vellem, quod reliquom est non dabo,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 30:

    rationes putare argentariam... quid venierit, quid exactum siet, quid reliquum siet,

    Cato, R. R. 2, 5:

    erat ei de ratiunculā Jampridem apud me reliquom pauxillulum Nummorum,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 3:

    ut pecuniam reliquam Buthrotii ad diem solverent,

    Cic. Att. 16, 16, A, § 4 (Cod. Faerni: pecuniae reliquum).—As subst.: rĕlĭqua, ōrum, n. (less freq. rĕlĭquum, i, n.), the remainder of a debt, balance, arrears: reliqua mea Camillus scribit se accepisse, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 19; cf.:

    maxime me angit ratio reliquorum meorum,

    id. ib. 16, 3, 5:

    cum tanta reliqua sint,

    id. ib. 16, 15, 4;

    15, 15, 3: dum reliqua colonorum minuit ad tempus, vires in posterum exhausit, quarum defectione rursus reliqua creverunt,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 6; 9, 37, 2: Sticho reliqua habente, holding a balance, i. e. being in arrears, Dig. 35, 1, 81; so,

    reliqua trahere,

    ib. 26, 7, 46:

    computare,

    ib. 40, 7, 34:

    in adaerandis reliquorum debitis (= reliquiis debitorum),

    Amm. 31, 14, 2; 16, 5, 15.— In sing.:

    nisi forte fidejussores minus idonei sunt et in reliquum non exsolutae quantitatis accesserint,

    Dig. 49, 14, 45 fin.; Symm. Ep. 10, 47.—Hence, by a lusus verbb., of a narration in arrears, the rest, remainder:

    accipite reliquom, alieno uti nil moror,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 16; cf.

    also the passage cited above,

    id. Cist. 1, 3, 40.
    II.
    Transf., of that which remains after a part just mentioned, the remaining, the other; and, in the sing., the remainder, the rest of a thing (diff. from ceteri, q. v.).
    (α).
    Plur.:

    murus cum Romuli tum etiam reliquorum regum sapientiā definitus,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 6, 11; cf. id. ib. 2, 11, 22:

    decemviros... reliquos magistratus,

    id. ib. 2, 31, 54; cf.:

    Servilius consul reliquique magistratus,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 21:

    sol dux et princeps et moderator luminum reliquorum,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17; cf. id. ib. 6, 9, 9; 6, 20, 22; id. Planc. 1, 3:

    ipsum regale genus civitatis haud scio an reliquis simplicibus longe anteponendum,

    id. Rep. 2, 23, 43:

    res capitales et reliquas omnes judicabant iidem,

    id. ib. 3, 35, 48; cf. id. ib. 6, 17, 17; id. Leg. 3, 7, 16:

    ad eam sententiam, cum reliquis causis, haec quoque ratio eos deduxit,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 10:

    oppida, vicos, reliqua privata aedificia incendunt,

    id. ib. 1, 5:

    octo cohortes in fronte constituit, reliquarum signa in subsidio collocat,

    Sall. C. 59, 2.—As subst.:

    princeps ille (Plato) aream sibi sumpsit, in quā, etc.... Reliqui disseruerunt, etc.,

    the others, the rest, Cic. Rep. 2, 11, 21; 1, 4, 7:

    in quā (causā) et ipse sentiat et reliqui omnes me, etc.,

    id. Att. 16, 15, 1:

    aurum perinde aspernantur (Scythae) ac reliqui mortales appetunt,

    Just. 2, 2, 7:

    deinceps Jovem atque Junonem, reliquos, quos, etc.,

    Cic. Univ. 11; cf.

    thus, without a copula, Brutorum, C. Cassii, Cn. Domitii, C. Trebonii, reliquorum,

    and so forth, id. Phil. 2, 12, 30; cf.:

    Africanus, cum patria illo modo loquens. reliquaque praeclare,

    id. Fin. 2, 32, 106, Quint. 9, 4, 124:

    si placet, in hunc diem hactenus. Reliqua (satis enim multa restant) differamus in crastinum,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 44, 71:

    audi reliqua,

    Plaut. As. 4, 1, 46:

    age, ambula, ibique reliqua alia fabulabimur,

    id. Poen. 3, 4, 8:

    reliqua vaticinationis brevi esse confecta,

    Cic. Div. 1, 32, 68:

    aderat janitor carceris et carnifex praetoris, reliqua,

    and the like, and so forth, and so on, Quint. 9, 4, 124;

    but post-class.: et reliqua,

    Vop. Firm. 5 fin. —
    (β).
    Sing.:

    corpore relicuo pugnam caedesque petessit,

    Lucr. 3, 648 Lachm.:

    equitum magno numero ex omni populi summa separato, reliquum populum distribuit in quinque classes, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 39:

    scribit Labieno... cum legione ad fines Nerviorum veniat, reliquam partem exercitūs non putat exspectandam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 46 fin.; 1, 18:

    neque de frumento reliquoque commeatu satis esse provisum,

    id. ib. 3, 3:

    militibus quoque equis exceptis reliquam praedam concessimus,

    Cic. Att. 5, 20, 5:

    jampridem cupio Alexandream reliquamque Aegyptum visere,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 1; cf. id. Lael. 2, 6; id. Rep. 2, 38, 64.— As subst.:

    paene oblitus sum, reliquom dicere,

    Plaut. Poen. prol. 118; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 43, § 103:

    reliquum temporis cum magnā trepidatione vigilavit,

    Suet. Ner. 34:

    haec quidem hactenus: quod reliquum est, cottidie tabellarios habebis,

    as for the rest, as for what remains, Cic. Att. 16, 15, 3; so,

    quod reliquum est,

    id. Fam. 13, 72, 2; id. Planc. 10, 11; Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 48; cf.:

    de reliquo quid tibi ego dicam?

    Cic. Att. 16, 13, c, 2; id. Fam. 6, 20, 3; id. de Or. 1, 22, 100.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > relliquus

  • 83 sanus

    sānus, a, um (sanun', for sanusne, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 37; id. Men. 5, 2, 66; id. Mere. 2, 2, 21; 2, 4, 21; id. Rud. 3, 2, 19; id. Truc. 2, 4, 13; cf.

    sanan',

    id. Am. 3, 2, 48; id. Cure. 5, 2, 54; id. Cist. 4, 1, 14; id. Ep. 5, 1, 42; id. Men. 2, 3, 43;

    and sanin',

    id. Ps. 4, 7, 83), adj. [kindr. with SA, sôs], sound, whole, healthy, physically or mentally (cf.: integer, incolumis, sospes, salvus).
    I.
    Lit., sound in body, whole, healthy, well:

    pars corporis,

    Cic. Sest. 65, 135:

    sensus si sani sunt et valentes,

    id. Ac. 2, 7, 19:

    sanis modo et integris sensibus,

    id. ib. 2, 25, 90:

    corpora sana,

    Quint. 8, prooem. §

    19: ut alimenta sanis corporibus agri cultura, sic sanitatem aegris medicina promittit, Cels. praef. 1: homo,

    id. ib. 1, 1:

    sanum recteque valentem,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 21:

    domi meae eccam salvam et sanam,

    Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 36:

    sana et salva amica,

    id. Merc. 5, 2, 48 (cf. infra, B. and II. A.):

    sanus ac robustus,

    Quint. 2, 10, 6:

    si noles sanus, curres hydropicus,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 34:

    sanus utrisque Auribus atque oculis,

    id. S. 2, 3, 284:

    ulcera sana facere,

    Cato, R. R. 157, 3; cf.:

    aliquem sanum facere... sanus fieri,

    id. ib. 157, 8:

    si eo medicamento sanus factus sit,

    Cic. Off. 3, 24, 92.— Poet.:

    volnera ad sanum nunc coiere mea (for ad sanitatem),

    are healed, Prop. 3 (4), 24, 18.— Comp.:

    aegrotare malim quam esse tuā salute sanior,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 5.— Sup.:

    interim licet negotia agere, ambulare, etc.... perinde atque sanissimo,

    Cels. 7, 4, 4.—
    B.
    Transf., sound, safe, whole, etc. (very rare): Ac. Salvast, navis, ne time. Ch. Quid alia armamenta? Ac. Salva et sana sunt, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 62:

    sana et salva res publica,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 23, 3:

    civitas,

    Liv. 3, 17:

    nare sagaci Aëra non sanum sentire,

    i. e. tainted, Luc. 7, 830.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Sound in mind, in one's right mind, rational, sane, sober, discreet, etc.:

    eos sanos intellegi necesse est, quorum mens motu quasi morbi perturbata nullo sit: qui contra affecti sunt, hos insanos appellari necesse est,

    Cic. Tusc. 3,5,11: Am. Delirat uxor. Al. Equidem ecastor sana et salva sum, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 98: Am. Haec sola sanam mentem gestat meorum familiarium. Br. Immo omnes sani sunt profecto. Am. At me uxor insanum facit Suis foedis factis, id. ib. 5, 1, 31 sqq.; cf. Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95:

    quam ego postquam inspexi non ita amo, ut sani solent Homines, sed eodem pacto ut insani solent,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 38:

    sanus non est ex amore illius (shortly after: insanior ex amore),

    id. ib. 2, 3, 106:

    si sis sanus aut sapias satis... nisi sis stultior stultissimo,

    id. Am. 3, 2, 23; cf.

    (opp. insipiens),

    id. Bacch. 4, 3, 14:

    hic homo sanus non est,

    is out of his senses, is insane, id. Am. 1, 1, 246; id. Merc. 5, 2, 110; id. Men. 1, 3, 15; 2, 2, 39 et saep.; cf.: En. Sanun' es? Ch. Pol sanus si sim, non te medicum mihi expetam, id. Merc. 2, 4, 21; so, sanun' es? sanan' es? sanin' estis? v. the passages cited init.:

    satin' sanus es?

    are you in your senses? Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 29 (opp. sobrius); 5, 2, 33; id. And. 4, 4, 10; id. Ad. 5, 8, 14; id. Phorm. 5, 3, 19.—With gen.: satin' tu sanus mentis aut animi tui, Qui conditionem hanc repudies? Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 53:

    vix sanae mentis estis,

    Liv. 32, 21:

    mentis bene sanae,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 44:

    mentis sanae vix compos,

    Ov. M. 8, 35; so, sanae mentis, Tib. ap. Suet. Tib. 67:

    ego illum male sanum semper putavi,

    a man of not very sound mind, Cic. Att. 9, 15, 5:

    male sana (Dido),

    i. e. raving, Verg. A. 4, 8:

    male sani poëtae,

    i. e. inspired, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 4; cf. Ov. M. 3, 474:

    excludit sanos Helicone poëtas,

    calculating, sober, Hor. A. P. 296:

    bene sanus Ac non incautus,

    very prudent, discreet, id. S. 1, 3, 61:

    praecipue sanus,

    id. Ep. 1, 1, 108:

    rem publicam capessere hominem bene sanum non oportere,

    Cic. Sest. 10, 23:

    sani ut cretā an carbone notati?

    id. ib. 2, 3, 246:

    pro sano loqueris, cum me appellas nomine,

    like a rational being, rationally, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 24; so,

    pro sano,

    id. ib. 5, 5, 42; cf.: nihil hunc se absente pro sano facturum arbitratus, qui, etc., * Caes. B. G. 5, 7:

    adeo incredibilis visa res, ut non pro vano modo, sed vix pro sano nuncius audiretur,

    Liv. 39, 49: quem in locum nemo sanus hostis subiturus esset, Auct. B. Alex. 74 fin.:

    solve senescentem sanus equum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8 et saep.:

    tumultu etiam sanos consternante animos,

    discreet, well-disposed, Liv. 8, 27:

    sensus,

    Verg. E. 8, 66:

    mores,

    Dig. 27, 10, 1.—With ab: ego sanus ab illis (vitiis), sound as respects them, i. e. free from, unaffected by them, etc., Hor. S. 1, 4, 129.— Comp.:

    qui sanior, ac si, etc.,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 241; 2, 3, 275.— Sup.:

    quisquam sanissimus tam certa putat, quae videt, quam? etc.,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 init.:

    confluentibus ad eum (Sullam) optimo quoque et sanissimo,

    Vell. 2, 25, 2.—
    B.
    Of style, sound, correct, sensible, sober, chaste:

    qui rectum dicendi genus sequi volunt, alii pressa demum et tenuia et quae minimum ab usu cottidiano recedant, sana et vere Attica putant, etc.,

    Quint. 10, 1, 44:

    nihil erat in ejus oratione, nisi sincerum, nihil nisi siccum atque sanum,

    Cic. Brut. 55, 202; cf.:

    Attici oratores sani et sicci,

    id. Opt. Gen. 3, 8; and:

    Rhodii (oratores) saniores et Atticorum similiores,

    id. Brut. 13, 51:

    orator rectus et sanus,

    Plin. Ep. 9, 26, 1; Vulg. 2 Tim. 4, 3; id. Tit. 2, 8; cf.:

    sana ratio,

    Val. Max. 9, 13, 3; Aug. Civ. Dei, 1, 22, 2.—Hence, advv., in two forms, saniter (ante-class.) and sane (class.).
    * A.
    sānĭter, rationally, Afran. ap. Non. 515, 22.—
    B. * 1.
    (Acc. to I.) Soundly, healthily, well: sane sarteque, Porphyrio ap. Charis. p. 195 fin.; 196 init. P.—
    2.
    (Acc. to II.) Soberly, sensibly, reasonably, discreetly (very rare;

    not in Cic.): bonum est, pauxillum amare sane, insane non bonum est,

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 20:

    sane sapio et sentio,

    I am in full possession of my reason and senses, id. Am. 1, 1, 292:

    non ego sanius Bacchabor Edonis (with furere),

    Hor. C. 2, 7, 26:

    dixit sanius,

    Sen. Contr. 5, 34 fin. —
    b.
    In gen., like valde (i. e. valide), an intensive particle, well, indeed, doubtless, by all means, truly, certainly, of course, forsooth, right, very, etc. (freq. and class.):

    sane sapis et consilium placet,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 67 sq.; so,

    sapis sane,

    id. Cas. 3, 6, 25:

    sapit,

    id. Men. 5, 2, 39:

    sane haud quicquam'st, magis quod cupiam,

    id. Curc. 1, 3, 15; 2, 3, 43:

    sane ego illum metuo,

    id. Men. 5, 2, 108:

    cum illā sane congruost sermo tibi,

    id. Mil. 4, 3, 23:

    sane ego sum amicus nostris aedibus,

    id. As. 2, 3, 7:

    dabant hae feriae tibi opportunam sane facultatem ad explicandas tuas litteras,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 9, 14:

    odiosum sane genus hominum officia exprobrantium,

    id. Lael. 20, 71; id. Quint. 3, 11:

    humilem sane relinquunt ortum amicitiae,

    id. Lael. 9, 29; cf.:

    tenui sane muro dissepiunt,

    id. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    judicare difficile est sane,

    id. Lael. 17, 62:

    explicat orationem sane longam et verbis valde bonis,

    id. Agr. 2, 5, 13:

    (narratio) res sane difficilis,

    id. de Or. 2, 66, 264:

    sane grandes libros,

    id. Rep. 3, 8, 12:

    cui sane magna est in mento cicatrix,

    Auct. Her. 4, 49, 63:

    Herennium quendam, sane hominem nequam atque egentem, coepisse, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 1, 19, 5:

    Paulus mihi de re publicā alia quaedam sane pessima,

    id. Att. 14, 7, 1:

    sane murteta relinqui,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 5:

    id sane est invisum duobus,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 64:

    bonus sane vicinus,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 132:

    sane populus numerabilis,

    id. A. P. 206.— In replies: Mi. Te moneri numne vis? Ha. Sane volo, by all means, surely, to be sure, certainly, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 119; so,

    sane volo,

    id. Cas. 2, 3, 55; id. Rud. 5, 3, 51; Ter. Heaut. 4, 8, 31: Ch. Estne, ut fertur, forma? Pa. Sane, id. Eun. 2, 3, 69; 4, 7, 15:

    sane hoc multo propius ibis,

    id. Ad. 4, 2, 41. Th. Quid taces? Ph. Sane quia vero hae mihi patent semper fores, id. Eun. 1, 2, 9; id. And. 1, 2, 24: C. F. Visne igitur, etc. C. P. Sane placet, Cic. Part. Or. 1, 2:

    sane et libenter quidem,

    id. Rep. 2, 38, 64.—Ironically:

    quam sane magni referat,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 9; cf.: sane legem Juliam timeo, Ner. ap. Suet. Ner. 33 med.:

    beneficium magnum sane dedit!

    Phaedr. 3, 15, 12.—

    With other adverbs: esse aedificatas has sane bene,

    right well, very well, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 74:

    res rustica sane bene culta,

    Cic. Quint. 3, 12; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 103:

    bene sane, as an answer,

    very well, id. And. 5, 2, 7; id. Ad. 4, 2, 47:

    recte sane,

    id. Eun. 5, 5, 11; id. Heaut. 3, 2, 27; 3, 3, 20; id. Ad. 3, 3, 63; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 10:

    sane commode,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 72:

    sapienter sane,

    id. Pers. 3, 3, 42 et saep.:

    scite hercle sane,

    id. Trin. 3, 3, 53:

    sane hercle,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 59; id. Hec. 3, 5, 9; id. Phorm. 3, 3, 9:

    sane quidem,

    id. And. 1, 2, 24:

    sane quidem hercle,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 8:

    sane pol,

    Ter. And. 1, 4, 2.—Sane quam, how very, i. e. very much indeed, uncommonly, exceedingly (cf.:

    admodum quam and valde quam): conclusa est a te tam magna lex sane quam brevi,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 23:

    quod de Pompeio Caninius agit, sane quam refrixit,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 4 (6), 5; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 2; 8, 4, 2; Brut. ib. 11, 13, 4 (shortly before: suos valde quam paucos habet); Sulp. ib. 4, 5, 1.—With negatives:

    haud sane diu est,

    not very long since, Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 44:

    edepol commissatorem haud sane commodum,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 8:

    haud sane intellego, quidnam sit, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 2, 2, 5; Sall. C. 37, 9; 53, 5; id. Rep. Ord. 2, 11; Cic. Sen. 1, 3; Curt. 3, 1, 14:

    agellus non sane major jugero uno,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 10:

    cum his temporibus non sane in senatum ventitarem,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 77, 1:

    non sane mirabile hoc quidem,

    id. Div. 2, 31, 67:

    non ita sane vetus,

    id. Brut. 10, 41:

    non sane credere,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 61:

    nihil sane esset, quod, etc.,

    absolutely nothing, nothing at all, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7; so,

    nihil sane,

    id. de Or. 2, 1, 5; Sall. C. 16, 5; Hor. S. 2, 3, 138; id. Ep. 2, 1, 206 al.—
    (β).
    In restrictive concessions, to be sure, indeed, certainly, however: sane bonum, ut dixi, rei publicae genus, Cic.Rep. 2, 26, 48; cf.:

    hoc sane frequentissimum est... sed, etc.,

    Quint. 4, 2, 130:

    negant quemquam esse virum bonum nisi sapientem. Sit ita sane, sed, etc.,

    Cic. Lael. 5, 18; cf. id. Rep. 1, 19, 32:

    haec si vobis non probamus, sint falsa sane,

    id. Ac. 2, 32, 105:

    sint sane, quoniam ita mores se habent, liberales,

    Sall. C. 52, 12; id. J. 31, 8:

    sit hoc sane leve,

    Cic. Sest. 54, 115:

    sed fruatur sane hoc solacio,

    id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; Ov. H. 17, 13; Curt. 5, 1, 6:

    repetita narratio sane res declamatoria magis quam forensis,

    Quint. 4, 2, 128:

    poëtis permittamus sane ejusmodi exempla,

    id. 8, 3, 73:

    non sane recepto in usum nomine,

    not indeed, id. 5, 11, 20; cf. id. 7, 1, 41.—
    (γ).
    With imperatives in colloq. lang. likewise concessive, like the English then, pray then, if you will:

    ubi ego Sosia nolim esse, tu esto sane Sosia,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 283: Al. Num quid vis, quin abeam jam intro? Ju. I sane, id. ib. 3, 3, 16:

    abi tu sane superior,

    id. Stich. 5, 4, 14:

    i sane,

    id. As. 3, 3, 86; id. Aul. 2, 5, 7; id. Ep. 1, 1, 73; id. Pers. 4, 4, 25; 4, 4, 55; id. Rud. 2, 3, 55; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 48:

    ite sane,

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 3, 3:

    abi sane,

    id. Am. 1, 1, 197; id. Rud. 3, 6, 17; id. Stich. 1, 3, 107; Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 27:

    sequere sane,

    Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 2:

    age sane,

    id. Men. 1, 2, 44; id. Ps. 5, 2, 27:

    da sane,

    id. Merc. 4, 1, 11:

    dato sane,

    id. Stich. 4, 1, 47:

    cedo sane,

    id. Pers. 4, 3, 30; 5, 1, 20; Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 4:

    nosce sane,

    Plaut. As. 2, 4, 58:

    age sane, omnes,

    Liv. 1, 57, 8.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sanus

  • 84 scio

    scĭo, īvi, ītum, 4 (old imperf. scibam, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 34; 2, 4, 89; id. Ps. 1, 5, 84; 1, 5, 86; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 68; id. Phorm. 4, 1, 16:

    scibas,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 24; id. Ps. 1, 5, 85:

    scibat,

    id. Am. prol. 22; Lucr. 5, 934:

    scibatis,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 47:

    scibant,

    Lucr. 5, 949; 5, 953; Cat. 68, 85.— Fut. scibo, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 13; id. Most. 4, 3, 5; id. Men. 2, 3, 35; 5, 2, 57; id. Ps. 1, 2, 41; 1, 5, 65; id. Truc. 2, 6, 69; Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 58; id. Ad. 3, 3, 7; 5, 2, 5; id. Hec. 2, 2, 4:

    scibis,

    Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 22; id. Ep. 2, 2, 101; 5, 1, 49; id. Mil. 4, 8, 55; id. Ps. 4, 4, 2; id. Poen. 5, 4, 57; id. Pers. 2, 2, 37; id. Rud. 2, 3, 35; Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 35; id. Heaut. 5, 2, 43:

    scibit,

    Cato, R. R. 5, 5; Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 69; 1, 2, 51; id. Mil. 3, 2, 46; Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 38:

    scibimus,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 57:

    scibunt,

    id. Poen. 2, 16.— Perf. sciit, Sen. Contr. 1, 1, 17.— Pass. scibitur, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 5:

    scin' for scisne,

    id. Am. 1, 1, 200; 2, 2, 39; 5, 1, 30; id. As. 3, 3, 113; id. Aul. 1, 1, 8 et saep.; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 47; 3, 1, 47; 4, 6, 6; 4, 7, 30 et saep.— Perf. sync. scisti, Ov. A. A. 1, 131; id. F. 4, 527:

    scirint,

    Tac. Dial. 33; so, regularly, inf. scisse, e. g. Cic. de Or. 1, 13, 58; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 17), v. a. [root sci-; Gr. keiô (for skeiô), keazô, to split, divide; cf.: scisco, plebiscitum, etc., prop. to distinguish, discern].
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., to know, in the widest signif. of the word; to understand; perceive; to have knowledge of or skill in any thing, etc.:

    plurimā mutatione figuramus, Scio, Non ignoro, et Non me fugit, et Non me praeterit, et Quis nescit? et Nemini dubium est. Sed etiam ex proximo mutuari licet. Nam et intellego et sentio et video saepe idem valent quod scio,

    Quint. 10, 1, 13 (freq. in all styles and periods; cf. nosco).
    (α).
    With acc.:

    aut scire istarum rerum nihil, aut, etiam si maxime sciemus, nec, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 19, 32:

    ut vilicus naturam agri novit, dispensator litteras scit, etc.,

    id. ib. 5, 3, 5:

    quod nec didicerint nec umquam scire curaverint,

    id. ib. 1, 6, 11:

    ego omnem rem scio Quemadmodum est,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 69:

    id equidem ego certo scio,

    id. ib. 3, 3, 33:

    quod pro certo sciam,

    id. ib. 3, 4, 13: Mi. Ubi ipse est? Ch. Nescio. Nihil jam me oportet scire... nescio etiam id quod scio, id. ib. 4, 6, 21:

    haec scivisti et me celavisti?

    id. Pers. 5, 2, 19:

    is omnes linguas scit: sed dissimulat sciens, Se scire,

    id. Poen. prol. 112 (cf. supra, litteras, Cic. Rep. 5, 3, 5): comoediam, Titin. ap. Non. 277, 26:

    bene id opus,

    id. ib. 3, 21:

    artem,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 44:

    juventutis mores qui sciam,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 2: remuneremini nos, ac quae scitis, proferatis in me dium:

    nemo enim omnia potest scire,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 2; cf.:

    nec scire fas est omnia,

    Hor. C. 4, 4, 22:

    SENATVOSQVE SENTENTIAM VTEI SCIENTES ESETIS, S. C. de Bacch. 23, ap. Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173: quod scio, omne ex hoc scio,

    I know all from him, Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 7:

    aliquid ex aliquo,

    id. Capt. 2, 2, 45; id. Most. 3, 2, 58; Cic. Fam. 9, 17, 1; id. Att. 5, 2, 3 al. (v. infra, g and d; and cf. in the foll., with de instead of ex):

    quod sciam,

    for aught I know, as far as I know, Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 70; 2, 2, 15; id. Most. 4, 3, 19; id. Men. 2, 2, 23; 3, 2, 35 al.; Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 7; Cic. Att. 16, 2, 4; Quint. 9, 1, 17; 9, 4, 63 al.; cf.:

    quantum ego quidem sciam,

    Quint. 3, 1, 19.— Pass.:

    quod quom scibitur, per urbem irridebor,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 5:

    ars earum rerum est, quae sciuntur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 7, 30:

    an nihil certum sciri possit,

    id. ib. 1, 51, 222: id de Marcello aut certe de Postumiā sciri potest, can be learned from Marcellus, etc., id. Att. 12, 22, 2.—
    (β).
    With inf., or more freq. with object-clause:

    qui uti sciat,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 27:

    si sciret regibus uti,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 14:

    antequam declamare sciat,

    Quint. 2, 1, 3:

    si docere sciant et velint,

    id. 10, 5, 19:

    digredi a re et redire ad propositum suum scierit,

    id. 9, 2, 4 et saep.:

    vincere scis, Hannibal,

    Liv. 22, 51, 4:

    qui nec ipse consulere nec alteri parere sciat,

    id. 22, 29, 8:

    qui tegere liberos sciat,

    id. 1, 53, 8; 38, 52, 2; Curt. 4, 2, 14:

    scio, fortunas secundas neglegentiam prendere solere, Cato ap. Fest, s.v. parsi, p. 210: dii sciunt, culpam meam istanc non esse ullam,

    Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 41:

    scio, tibi ita placere,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 30, 46:

    quas (leges) scitis exstare,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 3: scimus L. Atilium appellatum esse sapientem id. Lael. 2, 6:

    scis, In breve te cogi,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 7: scire licet, nobis venas et sanguen... alienigenis ex partibus esse, it is easy to see that, etc., Lucr. 1, 860 (shortly before and after, scilicet); so,

    scire licet,

    id. 1, 894; 2, 930; 2, 967; 3, 873 et saep.; Liv. 1, 39, 3; Cels. 1, 1 fin.; 1, 2; 3, 2 al.—So, in familiar style, imper. scito, be assured, I reply that, remember, etc.: fenestrarum angustias quod reprehendis, scito te Kurou paideian reprehendere, Cic. Att. 2, 3, 2; 12, 21, 5:

    scito hoc nos in eo judicio consecutos esse, ut, etc.,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 1; id. Fam. 1, 9, 24; 5, 20, 7; cf.:

    istis contumeliis scitote Q. Lollium coactum, etc.,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 62; 2, 3, 56, § 129.—Esp., introducing a conclusion, after si, sin, nisi:

    si venturus es, scito necesse esse te venire,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 4 init.:

    sin ista pax perditum hominem restitutura est, hoc animo scito omnis sanos, etc.,

    id. ib. 10, 27, 1:

    si vos semel finem legis transieritis, scitote vos nullum ceteris in aestimando finem improbitatis reliquisse,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 95, § 220; 2, 4, 30, § 68; id. Cat. 2, 10, 23.—Rarely in part. pres. (postAug.; cf. P. a., infra):

    interrogant an vir daturus sit beneficium ingrato, sciens ingratum esse,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 26, 1:

    Laqueo vitam finiit, sciens et in Maximino multum esse roboris,

    Capitol. in Max. 19:

    totam hereditatem sciens ad se non pertinere,

    Gai. Inst. 4, 144.— Impers.:

    hoc scitis omnes, usque adeo hominem in periculo fuisse, quoad scitum sit, Sestium vivere,

    Cic. Sest. 38, 82.— Pass., with nom. and inf.:

    Christus scitur vocis simplicis jussione ambulatum dedisse contractis,

    Arn. 1, 48.—
    (γ).
    With a rel.-clause:

    isti jam sciunt, negotii quid sit,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 13:

    ut sciamus, quid dicamus mox pro testimonio,

    id. ib. 3, 2, 19:

    scin' quam iracundus siem?

    id. Bacch. 4, 2, 12:

    cuivis facile scitu est, quam fuerim miser,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 15:

    cum sciatis, quo quaeque res inclinet,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 25, 46:

    Sestium quanti faciam, ipse optime scio,

    id. Fam. 13, 8, 1:

    ex tribus istis modis rerum publicarum velim scire quod optimum judices,

    id. ib. 1, 30, 46:

    ut eum (hostem) non modo esse, sed etiam, quis et unde sit, scire possimus,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 6:

    coqua est haec quidem: Scit muriatica ut maceret,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 39; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 18; Cic. Mur. 9, 22; Hor. C. 3, 4, 42 al.:

    scire velis, mea cur opuscula lector Laudet,

    id. Ep. 1, 19, 35; 2, 2, 187:

    quī scis, an, quae jubeam, sine vi faciat?

    Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 20; Hor. C. 4, 7, 17; id. A. P. 462; cf. the phrase haud scio an, under an.— Pass.:

    hinc sciri potuit, Quo studio vitam suam te absente exegerit,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 38: scito... nec, [p. 1644] quando futura sint comitia, sciri, Cic. Att. 1, 11, 2.—With indic. in the rel.-clause (ante-class.): Ba. Scio, quid ago. Pi. Et pol ego scio, quid metuo, Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 45; cf.:

    scitin' quid ego vos rogo?

    id. Men. 5, 9, 92:

    scis tu, ut confringi vas cito Samium solet,

    id. Bacch. 2, 2, 24:

    jam ego ex hoc, ut factum est, scibo,

    id. Men. 5, 2, 57; instead of which, with subj.:

    ex me primo prima scires, rem ut gessissem publicam,

    id. Am. 1, 3, 26:

    ex hoc scibo quid siet,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 59; id. Hec. 4, 2, 4.—
    (δ).
    With de:

    jam vero de legibus, de bello, de pace... scisse,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 13, 58.—
    (ε).
    Absol.:

    hi sciunt, qui hic affuerunt,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 31:

    quom videbis, tum scies,

    id. Bacch. 1, 2, 37: Pi. Quī scire possum? Ch. Nullus plus, id. ib. 2, 2, 13:

    quem, ut scitis, unice dilexi,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 1; so,

    ut scitis, parenthetically,

    id. ib. 1, 14, 21; 2, 31, 54; 6, 9, 9; id. Lael. 21, 77; cf.

    scio alone, parenthetically: injurato scio plus credet mihi quam jurato tibi,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 281:

    ego abeo: tu jam scio patiere,

    id. As. 2, 2, 111:

    quam tu propediem effliges scio,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 9 et saep.:

    scire tuum nihil est, nisi te scire hoc sciat alter,

    Pers. 1, 27:

    nemo ex me scibit,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 38.— Pass.:

    non opus est dicto... at scito huic opus est,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 14:

    plus, quam opus est scito, sciet,

    id. ib. 4, 1, 18; so, with adv. or adverb.-clause:

    non tam praeclarum est scire Latine, quam turpe nescire,

    Cic. Brut. 37, 140; so,

    Latine,

    id. Fin. 2, 4, 13; Liv. 1, 27:

    luculenter Graece,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 5, 15:

    Graece,

    id. Fam. 9, 22, 3:

    ubi hanc forma videt honesta virginem, Et fidibus scire,

    and that she was skilled in music, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 53 (cf.: docere aliquem fidibus. Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 3:

    discere fidibus,

    id. Lael. 8, 26).—
    (ζ).
    With de:

    de legibus instituendis, de bello, de pace, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 13, 58:

    cum is, qui de omnibus scierit, de Sullā se scire negavit,

    id. Sull. 13, 39.—
    (η).
    With non (very rare for nescio; cf.:

    non scire barbarum jam videtur, nescire dulcius,

    Cic. Or. 47, 157):

    quis enim erat qui non sciret studiosiorem Mithridatem fuisse, etc.,

    id. Fl. 25, 59:

    tam imperitus, ut non sciret, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 44:

    quid? non sciunt ipsi viam, domum quā veniant?

    Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 25; Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37; Treb. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 16, 3; Sen. Contr. 2, 11, 19.—
    b.
    Ellipt.: scin' quomodo? do you know how (I shall serve you)? a threatening phrase in Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 200; id. Aul. 5, 21; id. Rud. 3, 5, 18.—
    B.
    In partic., of a woman, to know carnally a man (cf. of a man, cognosco), Treb. xxx. Tyr. 30.—
    * II.
    Transf., publicists' t. t. for the usual scisco (v. h. v. II.), of the people, to ordain, decree, appoint any thing after knowledge obtained regarding it:

    ut tribunus plebis rogationem ferret sciretque plebs, uti, etc.,

    Liv. 26, 33, 10 Weissenb. ad loc.; cf.:

    a scire for asciscere,

    Tac. Agr. 19; id. H. 4, 80.—Hence, scĭens, entis, P. a., knowing, i. e.
    A.
    Pregn., knowingly, wittingly, purposely, intentionally, etc. (freq. and class.): tu verbis conceptis conjuravisti sciens sciente animo tuo, Scip. Afric. minor ap. Gell. 7, 11, 9:

    ubi verbis conceptis sciens libenter perjuraris,

    Plaut. As. 3, 2, 16:

    amore ardeo et prudens, sciens, Vivus vidensque pereo,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 27; so (with prudens) Cael. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9, A, 5; Suet. Ner. 2 fin.:

    equidem plus hodie boni Feci imprudens, quam sciens ante hunc diem umquam,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 40; so (opp. imprudens) id. Phorm. 4, 3, 55; Cic. Planc. 16, 41; (opp. insciens) id. Balb. 5, 13:

    habebit igitur te sciente et vidente curia senatorem, etc.,

    id. Clu. 46, 129:

    an ille me tentat sciens?

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 29; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 40; id. Ps. 1, 1, 90; id. Poen. prol. 112; Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 13; id. Heaut. 5, 5, 6 al.:

    heia vero, inquit, geram morem vobis et me oblinam sciens,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 5, 8 et saep.—So the formula: si sciens fallo; v. fallo.—
    B. (α).
    Absol.:

    id ego jam nunc tibi renuntio, ut sis sciens,

    Ter. And. 3, 2, 28:

    quod me non scientem feceris,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 34;

    Ter Heaut. 4, 8, 32: vites pampinari: sed a sciente,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 31, 1:

    quis igitur hoc homine scientior umquam fuit?

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

    scientior venefica,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 72:

    quae (navis) scientissimo gubernatore utitur,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 58.— Sup.: sit oportet idem scientissimus, Col. 11, 1.—
    (β).
    With gen.:

    dominum scientem esse oportet earum rerum, quae, etc.,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 3, 1:

    locorum,

    Sall. J. 97, 3:

    pugnae,

    Hor. C. 1, 15, 24:

    citharae,

    id. ib. 3, 9, 10:

    Latinae linguae,

    Tac. A. 2, 13:

    juris,

    id. ib. 3, 70; 6, 26 et saep.— Sup.:

    M. Scaurus, vir regendae rei publicae scientissimus,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 49, 214; Vulg. 2 Par. 2, 13.—
    * (γ).
    Poet., with inf.:

    quamvis non alius flectere equum sciens,

    Hor. C. 3, 7, 25.— Adv.: scĭenter (acc. to B.), knowingly, understandingly, wisely, skilfully, expertly, etc.:

    scienter et perite et ornate dicere,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 2, 5:

    uti (with modice),

    id. ib. 1, 29, 132; id. Off. 2, 5, 18:

    sese distribuunt in duas partes,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 55.— Comp.:

    neminem in eo genere scientius versatum Isocrate,

    Cic. Or. 52, 175; Caes. B. G. 7, 22.— Sup.:

    coepit rationem hujus operis (sphaerae) scientissime Gallus exponere,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 22; id. Div. 1, 41, 92.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > scio

  • 85 sensus

    1.
    sensus, a, um, Part. of sentio.
    2. I.
    Corporeal, perception, feeling, sensation:

    omne animal sensus habet: sentit igitur et calida et frigida et dulcia et amara, nec potest ullo sensu jucunda accipere et non accipere contraria: si igitur voluptatis sensum capit, doloris etiam capit. etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 13, 32:

    moriendi sensum celeritas abstulit,

    id. Lael. 3, 12:

    si quis est sensus in morte,

    id. Phil. 9, 6, 13:

    (Niobe) posuit sensum saxea facta mali,

    Ov. P. 1, 2, 32:

    sensum voluptatemque percipere,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 12. [p. 1671] —
    B.
    A sense, capacity for feeling:

    ut idem interitus sit animorum et corporum nec ullus sensus maneat, etc.,

    Cic. Lael. 4, 14:

    tactus corporis est sensus,

    Lucr. 2, 435:

    oculorum,

    id. 3, 361; so,

    oculorum, aurium,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 38, 111; id. Fin. 2, 16, 52; id. Div. 2, 52, 107; cf.

    videndi,

    id. de Or. 2, 87, 357:

    audiendi,

    id. Rep. 6, 18, 19:

    quod neque oculis neque auribus neque ullo sensu percipi potest,

    id. Or. 2, 8:

    quamquam oriretur (tertia philosophiae pars) a sensibus, tamen non esse judicium veritatis in sensibus,

    id. Ac. 1, 8, 30:

    res subjectae sensibus,

    id. ib. 1, 8, 31:

    gustatus, qui est sensus ex omnibus maxime voluptarius,

    id. de Or. 3, 25, 99:

    sensus autem interpretes ac nuntii rerum in capite et facti et conlocati sunt,

    id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:

    omne animal sensus habet,

    id. ib. 3, 13, 32:

    carent conchae visu, omnique sensu alio quam cibi et periculi,

    Plin. 9, 30, 48, § 90:

    ab eā parte opus orsus, ut a sensu ejus, averteret,

    Curt. 4, 6, 9.—
    II.
    Mental, feeling, sentiment, emotion, affection; sense, understanding, capacity; humor, inclination, disposition, frame of mind, etc.:

    ipse in commovendis judicibus eis ipsis sensibus, ad quos illos adducere vellem, permoverer,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 189:

    an vos quoque hic innocentium cruciatus pari sensu doloris adficit?

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 46, § 123:

    vestri sensus ignarus,

    id. Mil. 27, 72:

    humanitatis,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 18, § 47; id. Rosc. Am. 53, 154:

    applicatio animi cum quodam sensu amandi... ut facile earum (bestiarum) sensus appareat... sensus amoris exsistit, etc.,

    id. Lael. 8, 27; cf.:

    ipsi intellegamus naturā gigni sensum diligendi,

    id. ib. 9, 32:

    meus me sensus, quanta vis fraterni sit amoris, admonet,

    id. Fam. 5, 2, 10:

    utere argumento ipse sensus tui,

    id. Rep. 1, 38, 59:

    nihil est tam molle, tam aut fragile aut flexibile quam voluntas erga nos sensusque civium,

    id. Mil. 16, 42:

    quae mihi indigna et intolerabilia videntur, ea pro me ipso et animi mei sensu ac dolore pronuntio,

    id. Rosc. Am. 44, 129.—
    2.
    Opinion, thought, sense, view:

    animi,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 35, 148:

    valde mihi placebat sensus ejus de re publicā,

    id. Att. 15, 7:

    (orator) ita peragrat per animos hominum, ita sensus mentesque pertractat, ut, etc.,

    id. de Or. 1, 51, 222 sq.:

    qui est iste tuus sensus, quae cogitatio? Brutos ut non probes, Antonios probes?

    id. Phil. 10, 2, 4:

    dissidenti sensus suos aperire,

    Nep. Dion, 8, 2:

    sensus reconditi,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 3, 2.—
    3.
    Esp., the common feelings of humanity, the moral sense, taste, discretion, tact in intercourse with men, often called in full sensus communis (sometimes with hominum), and often in other phrases of similar force:

    ut in ceteris (artium studiis) id maxime excellat, quod longissime sit ab imperitorum intellegentiā sensuque disjunctum, in dicendo autem vitium vel maximum sit a volgari genere orationis atque a consuetudine communis sensus abhorrere,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 12:

    quae versantur in sensu hominum communi,

    id. ib. 2, 16, 68; id. Planc. 13, 31:

    communis ille sensus in aliis fortasse latuit,

    id. ib. 14, 34; Hor. S. 1, 3, 66:

    sit in beneficio sensus communis,

    Sen. Ben. 1, 12, 3; id. Ep. 5, 4; 105, 3; Quint. 1, 2, 20:

    rarus sensus communis in illā fortunā,

    Juv. 8, 73. — Plur., Cic. Clu. 6, 17:

    ea sunt in communibus infixa sensibus,

    id. de Or. 3, 50, 195; so,

    vulgaris popularisque sensus,

    id. ib. 1, 23, 108:

    haec oratio longe a nostris sensibus abhorrebat,

    id. ib. 1, 18, 83; cf.:

    mirari solebam istum in his ipsis rebus aliquem sensum habere, quem scirem nullā in re quicquam simile hominis habere,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 33.—
    B.
    Transf. (in the poets, and also in prose after the Aug. per.), of the thinking faculty, sense, understanding, mind, reason (syn.: mens, ratio).
    1.
    In gen. (rare):

    misero quod omnes Eripit sensus mihi,

    Cat. 51, 6; cf.:

    tibi sensibus ereptis mens excidit,

    id. 66, 25; Ov. M. 3, 631; 14, 178:

    (quibus fortuna) sensum communem abstulit,

    common sense, Phaedr. 1, 7, 4 (in another signif., v. supra, II. A. fin., and infra, 2. fin.):

    eam personam, quae furore detenta est, quia sensum non habet, etc.,

    Dig. 24, 3, 22, § 7:

    nec potest animal injuriam fecisse, quod sensu caret,

    ib. 9, 1, 1, § 3.—
    2.
    In partic., of discourse.
    a.
    Abstr., sense, idea, notion, meaning, signification (syn.: sententia, notio, significatio, vis; poet. and post-Aug.; freq. in Quint.): nec testamenti potuit sensus colligi, Phaedr. 4, 5, 19:

    verba, quibus voces sensusque notarent,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 103:

    is verbi sensus,

    Ov. F. 5, 484:

    quae verbis aperta occultos sensus habent,

    Quint. 8, 2, 20:

    ambiguitas, quae turbare potest sensum,

    id. 8, 2, 16:

    verba duos sensus significantia,

    id. 6, 3, 48: allêgoria aliud verbis, aliud sensu ostendit, id. 8, 6, 44:

    Pomponium sensibus celebrem, verbis rudem,

    Vell. 2, 9, 5:

    horum versuum sensus atque ordo sic, opinor, est,

    Gell. 7, 2, 10:

    egregie dicta circa eumdem sensum tria,

    Sen. Ep. 7, 10.—Introducing a quotation:

    erat autem litterarum sensus hujusmodi,

    Amm. 20, 8, 4.—With gen. person:

    salvo modo poëtae sensu,

    the meaning, Quint. 1, 9, 2.—
    b.
    Concr., a thought expressed in words, a sentence, period (postAug.):

    sensus omnis habet suum finem, poscitque naturale intervallum, quo a sequentis initio dividatur,

    Quint. 9, 4, 61; 7, 10, 16; cf. id. 11, 2, 20:

    puer ut sciat, ubi claudatur sensus,

    id. 1, 8, 1:

    ridendi, qui velut leges prooemiis omnibus dederunt, ut intra quattuor sensus terminarentur,

    id. 4, 1, 62:

    verbo sensum cludere multo optimum est,

    id. 9, 4, 26 et saep.—Hence, communes sensus (corresp. with loci), commonplaces, Tac. Or. 31.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sensus

  • 86 simile

    sĭmĭlis, e, adj. [Sanscr. samā, together; Gr. hama, omoios; Lat. simul, simulare; cf. simia], like, resembling, similar (cf. par); constr. with gen. (so usu. in ante-Aug. Lat.), with dat. (rare in Cic., except with neuter nouns), with inter, atque, and absol.
    (α).
    With gen. (mostly ante - Aug.; so always in Plaut. and Ter.; cf. Brix ad Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 7; but in Cic. almost exclusively of living beings; yet always veri simile; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 5, 5, 12);

    of persons: similes avorum,

    Lucr. 4, 1218:

    nimis simili'st mei,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 286; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 226:

    ecquid mei similist (puer)?

    id. Truc. 2, 6, 24 Speng.:

    omnis inveniri similis tui vis,

    id. Capt. 3, 4, 50 Brix:

    ita est istaec (amica) hujus similis nostrae tua,

    id. Mil. 2, 6, 39:

    alia ejus similis,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 38:

    similis est Sagaristionis,

    id. Pers. 1, 1, 14:

    hominis similis,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 28, 78; Val. Max. 9, 14, 2:

    symbolum ejus similem,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 55:

    sui similem speciem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:

    sui similis res,

    Lucr. 5, 830:

    volo me patris mei similem,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 53: patris similem esse. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 30:

    non tam potuit patris similis esse, quam ille fuerat sui,

    id. Off. 1, 33, 121: quaererem ex eo, cujus suorum similis fuisset Africani fratris nepos; facie vel patris, vitā omnium perditorum ita similis, ut esset facile deterrimus;

    cujus etiam similis P. Crassi nepos, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 1, 33, 81:

    tui similis est probe,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 18:

    est similis majorum suorum,

    id. Ad. 3, 3, 57:

    haud similis virgo est virginum nostrarum,

    id. Eun. 2, 3, 22: haud parasitorum aliorum simil'est, Naev. ap. Non. 224, 26:

    virum non similem furis hujus,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 91:

    domini similis es,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 43:

    in magistratu privatorum similes,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 67:

    multi Gnathonum similes cum sint,

    id. Lael. 25, 94:

    plures Romuli quam Numae similes reges,

    Liv. 1, 20:

    ut sis tu similis Coeli Byrrhique latronum, Non ego sim Capri neque Sulci,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 69 et saep.:

    deos esse tui similes putas?

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 128; so,

    tui,

    id. Rud. 2, 6, 16; Liv. 22, 39:

    nostri similes,

    id. 26, 50:

    sui similis,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 7; cf.:

    alterum similem sui quaerere,

    Cic. Lael. 22, 82:

    nihil est appetentius similium sui quam natura,

    id. ib. 14, 50:

    quam uterque est similis sui!

    Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 16:

    tui similem esse,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 6:

    sui similis gens,

    Tac. G. 4.—Of things:

    tam similem quam lacte lactist (i. e. lactis est, Brix ad loc.),

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 85:

    haec atque hujus similia alia damna,

    id. ib. 3, 1, 105:

    perpulchra credo dona aut nostri similia,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 15 Umpfenb.:

    quid habet illius carminis simile haec oratio,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 36, 56:

    si fabularum similia didicimus,

    id. ib.:

    paupertatem, ignominiam, similia horum,

    id. Fin. 3, 15, 51:

    similes meorum versus,

    Hor. S. 2, 1, 3:

    nonne hoc monstri simile'st?

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 43; so,

    monstri,

    id. Phorm. 5, 7 (8), 61:

    prodigii,

    Cic. Lig. 4, 11:

    narrationem veri similem,

    id. de Or. 2, 19, 83; cf.

    Cels. ap. Cuint. 2, 15, 32: simile veri,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 1:

    quae similia veri sint,

    Liv. 5, 21 Drak. N. cr.; v. verus, and cf. also in the foll.—In comparing persons with things:

    hominem quojus rei Similem esse arbitrarer simulacrumque habere... Novarum aedium esse arbitror similem ego hominem,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 6 sq.:

    amator simil'est oppidi hostilis,

    id. Truc. 1, 2, 68:

    meretricem esse similem sentis condecet,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 16: tu pueri pausilli simili'es, Nov. ap. Non. 224, 28:

    equi te Esse feri similem dico,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 57.— Comp.: hominem hominis similiorem numquam vid: ego alterum, Neque aqua aquae, neque lac [p. 1701] test lactis usquam similius, Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 29 sq. Brix ad loc.:

    Rhodii Atticorum similiores,

    Cic. Brut. 13, 52.— Sup.:

    hic noster quaestus aucupii simillimu'st,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 63; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 72:

    meretrix fortunati oppidi,

    id. Cist. 1, 1, 82:

    tener et lactens puerique simillimus aevo,

    Ov. M. 15, 201:

    simillima societas hereditatis,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 18, 55:

    quid esset simillimum veri,

    id. Tusc. 5, 4, 11.—
    (β).
    With dat. (of both persons and things; freq., and in post-Aug. writers almost always; not in Plaut. or Ter. acc. to Ritschl, Opusc. 2, 570 sq.; 579 sq.; but contra, v. Ussing ad Plaut. Am. v. 595): simia quam similis nobis, Enn. ap. Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 97 (Sat. v. 45 Vahl.):

    patri suo,

    Cat. 61, 221; cf.:

    similis quidem (genitos) alios avo et ex geminis quoque alterum patri, alterum matri, annoque post genitum majori similem fuisse ut geminum. Quasdam sibi similis semper parere, quasdam viro, quasdam nulli, quasdam feminam patri, marem sibi,

    Plin. 7, 12, 10, § 51:

    similis malo est,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 36: Terentio non similem dices quempiam, Afran. ap. Suet. Vit. Ter. fin.:

    filius patri similis,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 5, 12 Madv. N. cr.:

    sit suo similis patri,

    Cat. 61, 217:

    patri,

    Ov. M. 6, 622:

    parentibus ac majoribus suis,

    Quint. 5, 10, 24:

    par similisque ceteris,

    Sall. C. 14, 4:

    huic in hoc similis,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 118:

    similes Icilio,

    Liv. 3, 65:

    hinnuleo,

    Hor. C. 1, 23, 1:

    puro te similem vespero petit Rhode,

    id. ib. 3, 19, 26:

    multum similis metuenti,

    id. S. 2, 5, 92:

    fluctuanti,

    Liv. 6, 13 Drak.:

    flenti,

    Ov. M. 3, 652:

    cognoscenti,

    id. ib. 2, 501:

    roganti,

    id. ib. 3, 240:

    cogitantibus et dubitantibus,

    Quint. 11, 2, 47:

    ediscenti,

    id. 11, 2, 46:

    legenti,

    id. 11, 2, 32 et saep.—Of things:

    res similis nostris rebus,

    Lucr. 5, 435:

    quid simile habet epistula aut judicio aut contioni?

    Cic. Fam. 9, 21, 1:

    quid illi simile bello fuit?

    Caes. B. G. 7, 77:

    qui non Fescennino versu (i. e. versui) similem jaciebant,

    Liv. 7, 2 Drak. N. cr.:

    argumentum vero simile comoediae,

    Quint. 2, 4, 2; cf.:

    similia veris erant,

    Liv. 10, 20, 5:

    partim vera partim mixta eoque similia veris,

    id. 29, 20, 1; 8, 20, 5:

    cui vitio simile sit schema, ut, etc.,

    Quint. 9, 3, 10:

    primus (iambus) ad extremum similis sibi,

    Hor. A. P. 254:

    versus sibi,

    Quint. 9, 4, 60:

    oratio fuit precibus quam jurgio similis, similior,

    Liv. 3, 40 Drak. N. cr.—Comp.:

    flunt omnia castris quam urbi similiora,

    Liv. 4, 31 fin.:

    similius vero facit ipsos in amicitiam redisse,

    id. 8, 26, 6; 10, 26, 13; Quint. 3, 8, 31.— Sup.:

    puro simillimus amni,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 120:

    media simillima veris sunt,

    Liv. 26, 49:

    simillimum id vero fecit,

    id. 44, 30, 4.—
    (γ).
    With gen. and dat. together:

    tum similes matrum materno semine fiunt, Ut patribus patrio,

    Lucr. 4, 1211:

    neque lac lacti magis est simile quam ille ego similis est mei,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 54 Ussing ad loc.:

    deos hominum quam homines deorum, hoc illi, illud huic,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 32, 90:

    itaque plectri similem linguam nostri solent dicere, chordarum dentis, naris cornibus iis, qui, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 59, 149; cf. under e.—
    (δ).
    In a doubtful construction. On account of the form:

    fugae similis profectio,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 47; 6, 7; 7, 43 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 13 et saep.—Because of an unsettled reading:

    similem Caesaris (or Caesari),

    Suet. Caes. 52.—
    (ε).
    With in and acc.:

    in speciem Junonis,

    App. M. 10, p. 253 fin. —
    (ζ).
    With inter:

    homines inter se cum formā tum moribus similes,

    Cic. Clu. 16, 46; so,

    homines inter se (opp. differentes),

    Quint. 12, 10, 22:

    (catulos) Inter se similes,

    Ov. M. 13, 835:

    quae sunt inter se similia,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 206:

    res inter se similes,

    Quint. 9, 2, 51.—In a twofold construction:

    nihil est unum uni tam simile, tam par, quam omnes inter nosmetipsos sumus,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 10, 29:

    sunt inter se similia, sed non etiam prioribus,

    Quint. 9, 3, 49.—
    (η).
    With atque ( ac), et, ut si, tamquam si:

    si quid docere vis, aliquid ab isto simile in aestimatione atque a ceteris esse factum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83, § 193:

    ut simili ratione atque ipse fecerit suas injurias persequantur,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 38 fin.:

    nec similem habeat vultum, et si ampullam perdidisset,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 12, 31;

    v. Madv. ad h. l.: similes sunt, ut si qui dicant, etc.,

    id. Sen. 6, 17:

    similes sunt di, tamquam si Poeni, etc.,

    id. Div. 2, 64, 131.—
    (θ).
    Absol.:

    decet facta moresque hujus habere me similes,

    Plaut. Am 1, 1, 114:

    ex uno puteo similior numquam potis Aqua aeque sumi, quam haec est atque ista,

    id. Mil. 2, 6, 68 Brix ad loc.:

    ita formā simili pueri (gemini), ut, etc.,

    id. Men. prol. 19:

    meus est (puer), nimium quidem simili'st,

    id. Truc. 2, 6, 26:

    laudantur simili prole puerperae,

    i. e. that look like their fathers, Hor. C. 4, 5, 23:

    ecce similia omnia,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 34:

    par est avaritia, similis improbitas,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 118;

    but cf., in a more restricted sense: similia omnia magis quam paria,

    Liv. 45, 43:

    ad quam (amicitiam) se similis animus applicet,

    Cic. Lael. 14, 48:

    sicut erat in simili causā antea factum,

    id. Rep. 2, 37, 63:

    quod in simili culpā versabantur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 110:

    simili ratione,

    id. B. G. 7, 4; id. B. C. 3, 76 al.:

    similem esse te volo quomodo filium, non quomodo imaginem,

    Sen. Ep. 84, 8:

    ecce aliud simile, dissimile,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 76:

    si quis Aristotelem similem emit,

    a likeness of Aristotle, Juv. 2, 6; cf.:

    tabella, in quā tam similem videbis Issam, ut sit tam similis sibi nec ipsa,

    Mart. 1, 109, 19 sq.; 7, 87, 4:

    te similem,

    your likeness, Stat. S. 3, 3, 201; 5, 1, 1.— Poet., adverb. (=similiter):

    similis medios Juturna per hostīs Fertur,

    Verg. A. 12, 477.— Comp.:

    similiorem mulierem Magisque eandem non reor deos facere posse,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 48:

    nihil hoc simile est similius,

    id. Am. 1, 1, 290. — Sup.:

    simillimos dicito esse,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 91.—Hence, subst.: sĭmĭle, is, n.
    1.
    A comparison, likeness, parallel case, or example:

    quo facilius res perspici possit hoc simile ponitur,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 54:

    utuntur simili,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 46:

    nec improbum sit pro simili accipi, quod plus sit,

    Quint. 7, 1, 61:

    qui memoriam ab aliquo simili transferunt ad id, quod, etc.,

    id. 11, 2, 30 et saep.:

    ignavi et erepti et similia,

    id. 1, 5, 69; 1, 6, 2; 2, 4, 26; 3, 5, 16 et saep.; cf.:

    latitatio, metus, similia,

    id. 7, 2, 46:

    de philosophiā, de republicā, similibus,

    id. 9, 4, 19; 11, 3, 153.—
    2.
    Resemblance, simile et majus est et par et minus, Quint. 7, 8, 7.— Adv. in two forms, simulter (ante-class.) and similiter (class.).
    * a.
    sĭmulter, in like manner, similarly:

    exossabo ego illum simulter itidem ut muraenam coquos,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 148 (cited ap. Non. 170, 25: simulter pro similiter); v. Ritschl ad Plaut. 1. 1.—
    b. (α).
    Absol. (so most freq.):

    ecquid adsimulo similiter?

    Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 37:

    similiter atque uno modo,

    Cic. Brut. 66, 233:

    illa quae similiter desinunt aut quae cadunt similiter,

    id. de Or. 3, 54, 206; id. Tusc. 4, 11, 25:

    si non similiter semper ingrediamur in argumentationem,

    id. Inv. 1, 41, 76:

    addunt etiam C. Marium... Similiter vos, cum, etc.,

    id. Ac. 2, 5, 14:

    quorum non similiter fides est nec justitia laudata,

    id. Rep. 2, 36, 61 et saep.— Comp.: scurram multo similius imitatum, more perfectly or naturally, Phaedr. 5, 5, 34.— Sup.:

    ut, etc.... simillime, etc.,

    just so, Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 54.—
    (β).
    With atque ( ac), et, ut si:

    neque vero illum similiter, atque ipse eram, commotum esse vidi,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 4, 9; id. Ac. 2, 23, 72; Quint. 3, 7, 26:

    similiter facis, ac si me roges, cur, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 3, 8:

    similiter facere eos... ut si nautae certarent, etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 25, 87:

    similiter facit ut si posse putet,

    id. Tusc. 4, 18, 41:

    similiter et si dicat, etc.,

    id. Fin. 2, 7, 21; v. Madv. ad h. l.— Sup.:

    hic excipit Pompeium, simillime atque ut illā lege Glaucippus excipitur,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 4, 13.—
    * (γ).
    With dat.:

    similiter his, etc.,

    Plin. 11, 25, 30, § 86.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > simile

  • 87 similis

    sĭmĭlis, e, adj. [Sanscr. samā, together; Gr. hama, omoios; Lat. simul, simulare; cf. simia], like, resembling, similar (cf. par); constr. with gen. (so usu. in ante-Aug. Lat.), with dat. (rare in Cic., except with neuter nouns), with inter, atque, and absol.
    (α).
    With gen. (mostly ante - Aug.; so always in Plaut. and Ter.; cf. Brix ad Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 7; but in Cic. almost exclusively of living beings; yet always veri simile; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 5, 5, 12);

    of persons: similes avorum,

    Lucr. 4, 1218:

    nimis simili'st mei,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 286; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 226:

    ecquid mei similist (puer)?

    id. Truc. 2, 6, 24 Speng.:

    omnis inveniri similis tui vis,

    id. Capt. 3, 4, 50 Brix:

    ita est istaec (amica) hujus similis nostrae tua,

    id. Mil. 2, 6, 39:

    alia ejus similis,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 38:

    similis est Sagaristionis,

    id. Pers. 1, 1, 14:

    hominis similis,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 28, 78; Val. Max. 9, 14, 2:

    symbolum ejus similem,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 55:

    sui similem speciem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:

    sui similis res,

    Lucr. 5, 830:

    volo me patris mei similem,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 53: patris similem esse. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 30:

    non tam potuit patris similis esse, quam ille fuerat sui,

    id. Off. 1, 33, 121: quaererem ex eo, cujus suorum similis fuisset Africani fratris nepos; facie vel patris, vitā omnium perditorum ita similis, ut esset facile deterrimus;

    cujus etiam similis P. Crassi nepos, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 1, 33, 81:

    tui similis est probe,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 18:

    est similis majorum suorum,

    id. Ad. 3, 3, 57:

    haud similis virgo est virginum nostrarum,

    id. Eun. 2, 3, 22: haud parasitorum aliorum simil'est, Naev. ap. Non. 224, 26:

    virum non similem furis hujus,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 91:

    domini similis es,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 43:

    in magistratu privatorum similes,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 67:

    multi Gnathonum similes cum sint,

    id. Lael. 25, 94:

    plures Romuli quam Numae similes reges,

    Liv. 1, 20:

    ut sis tu similis Coeli Byrrhique latronum, Non ego sim Capri neque Sulci,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 69 et saep.:

    deos esse tui similes putas?

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 128; so,

    tui,

    id. Rud. 2, 6, 16; Liv. 22, 39:

    nostri similes,

    id. 26, 50:

    sui similis,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 7; cf.:

    alterum similem sui quaerere,

    Cic. Lael. 22, 82:

    nihil est appetentius similium sui quam natura,

    id. ib. 14, 50:

    quam uterque est similis sui!

    Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 16:

    tui similem esse,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 6:

    sui similis gens,

    Tac. G. 4.—Of things:

    tam similem quam lacte lactist (i. e. lactis est, Brix ad loc.),

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 85:

    haec atque hujus similia alia damna,

    id. ib. 3, 1, 105:

    perpulchra credo dona aut nostri similia,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 15 Umpfenb.:

    quid habet illius carminis simile haec oratio,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 36, 56:

    si fabularum similia didicimus,

    id. ib.:

    paupertatem, ignominiam, similia horum,

    id. Fin. 3, 15, 51:

    similes meorum versus,

    Hor. S. 2, 1, 3:

    nonne hoc monstri simile'st?

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 43; so,

    monstri,

    id. Phorm. 5, 7 (8), 61:

    prodigii,

    Cic. Lig. 4, 11:

    narrationem veri similem,

    id. de Or. 2, 19, 83; cf.

    Cels. ap. Cuint. 2, 15, 32: simile veri,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 1:

    quae similia veri sint,

    Liv. 5, 21 Drak. N. cr.; v. verus, and cf. also in the foll.—In comparing persons with things:

    hominem quojus rei Similem esse arbitrarer simulacrumque habere... Novarum aedium esse arbitror similem ego hominem,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 6 sq.:

    amator simil'est oppidi hostilis,

    id. Truc. 1, 2, 68:

    meretricem esse similem sentis condecet,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 16: tu pueri pausilli simili'es, Nov. ap. Non. 224, 28:

    equi te Esse feri similem dico,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 57.— Comp.: hominem hominis similiorem numquam vid: ego alterum, Neque aqua aquae, neque lac [p. 1701] test lactis usquam similius, Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 29 sq. Brix ad loc.:

    Rhodii Atticorum similiores,

    Cic. Brut. 13, 52.— Sup.:

    hic noster quaestus aucupii simillimu'st,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 63; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 72:

    meretrix fortunati oppidi,

    id. Cist. 1, 1, 82:

    tener et lactens puerique simillimus aevo,

    Ov. M. 15, 201:

    simillima societas hereditatis,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 18, 55:

    quid esset simillimum veri,

    id. Tusc. 5, 4, 11.—
    (β).
    With dat. (of both persons and things; freq., and in post-Aug. writers almost always; not in Plaut. or Ter. acc. to Ritschl, Opusc. 2, 570 sq.; 579 sq.; but contra, v. Ussing ad Plaut. Am. v. 595): simia quam similis nobis, Enn. ap. Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 97 (Sat. v. 45 Vahl.):

    patri suo,

    Cat. 61, 221; cf.:

    similis quidem (genitos) alios avo et ex geminis quoque alterum patri, alterum matri, annoque post genitum majori similem fuisse ut geminum. Quasdam sibi similis semper parere, quasdam viro, quasdam nulli, quasdam feminam patri, marem sibi,

    Plin. 7, 12, 10, § 51:

    similis malo est,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 36: Terentio non similem dices quempiam, Afran. ap. Suet. Vit. Ter. fin.:

    filius patri similis,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 5, 12 Madv. N. cr.:

    sit suo similis patri,

    Cat. 61, 217:

    patri,

    Ov. M. 6, 622:

    parentibus ac majoribus suis,

    Quint. 5, 10, 24:

    par similisque ceteris,

    Sall. C. 14, 4:

    huic in hoc similis,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 118:

    similes Icilio,

    Liv. 3, 65:

    hinnuleo,

    Hor. C. 1, 23, 1:

    puro te similem vespero petit Rhode,

    id. ib. 3, 19, 26:

    multum similis metuenti,

    id. S. 2, 5, 92:

    fluctuanti,

    Liv. 6, 13 Drak.:

    flenti,

    Ov. M. 3, 652:

    cognoscenti,

    id. ib. 2, 501:

    roganti,

    id. ib. 3, 240:

    cogitantibus et dubitantibus,

    Quint. 11, 2, 47:

    ediscenti,

    id. 11, 2, 46:

    legenti,

    id. 11, 2, 32 et saep.—Of things:

    res similis nostris rebus,

    Lucr. 5, 435:

    quid simile habet epistula aut judicio aut contioni?

    Cic. Fam. 9, 21, 1:

    quid illi simile bello fuit?

    Caes. B. G. 7, 77:

    qui non Fescennino versu (i. e. versui) similem jaciebant,

    Liv. 7, 2 Drak. N. cr.:

    argumentum vero simile comoediae,

    Quint. 2, 4, 2; cf.:

    similia veris erant,

    Liv. 10, 20, 5:

    partim vera partim mixta eoque similia veris,

    id. 29, 20, 1; 8, 20, 5:

    cui vitio simile sit schema, ut, etc.,

    Quint. 9, 3, 10:

    primus (iambus) ad extremum similis sibi,

    Hor. A. P. 254:

    versus sibi,

    Quint. 9, 4, 60:

    oratio fuit precibus quam jurgio similis, similior,

    Liv. 3, 40 Drak. N. cr.—Comp.:

    flunt omnia castris quam urbi similiora,

    Liv. 4, 31 fin.:

    similius vero facit ipsos in amicitiam redisse,

    id. 8, 26, 6; 10, 26, 13; Quint. 3, 8, 31.— Sup.:

    puro simillimus amni,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 120:

    media simillima veris sunt,

    Liv. 26, 49:

    simillimum id vero fecit,

    id. 44, 30, 4.—
    (γ).
    With gen. and dat. together:

    tum similes matrum materno semine fiunt, Ut patribus patrio,

    Lucr. 4, 1211:

    neque lac lacti magis est simile quam ille ego similis est mei,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 54 Ussing ad loc.:

    deos hominum quam homines deorum, hoc illi, illud huic,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 32, 90:

    itaque plectri similem linguam nostri solent dicere, chordarum dentis, naris cornibus iis, qui, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 59, 149; cf. under e.—
    (δ).
    In a doubtful construction. On account of the form:

    fugae similis profectio,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 47; 6, 7; 7, 43 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 13 et saep.—Because of an unsettled reading:

    similem Caesaris (or Caesari),

    Suet. Caes. 52.—
    (ε).
    With in and acc.:

    in speciem Junonis,

    App. M. 10, p. 253 fin. —
    (ζ).
    With inter:

    homines inter se cum formā tum moribus similes,

    Cic. Clu. 16, 46; so,

    homines inter se (opp. differentes),

    Quint. 12, 10, 22:

    (catulos) Inter se similes,

    Ov. M. 13, 835:

    quae sunt inter se similia,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 206:

    res inter se similes,

    Quint. 9, 2, 51.—In a twofold construction:

    nihil est unum uni tam simile, tam par, quam omnes inter nosmetipsos sumus,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 10, 29:

    sunt inter se similia, sed non etiam prioribus,

    Quint. 9, 3, 49.—
    (η).
    With atque ( ac), et, ut si, tamquam si:

    si quid docere vis, aliquid ab isto simile in aestimatione atque a ceteris esse factum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83, § 193:

    ut simili ratione atque ipse fecerit suas injurias persequantur,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 38 fin.:

    nec similem habeat vultum, et si ampullam perdidisset,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 12, 31;

    v. Madv. ad h. l.: similes sunt, ut si qui dicant, etc.,

    id. Sen. 6, 17:

    similes sunt di, tamquam si Poeni, etc.,

    id. Div. 2, 64, 131.—
    (θ).
    Absol.:

    decet facta moresque hujus habere me similes,

    Plaut. Am 1, 1, 114:

    ex uno puteo similior numquam potis Aqua aeque sumi, quam haec est atque ista,

    id. Mil. 2, 6, 68 Brix ad loc.:

    ita formā simili pueri (gemini), ut, etc.,

    id. Men. prol. 19:

    meus est (puer), nimium quidem simili'st,

    id. Truc. 2, 6, 26:

    laudantur simili prole puerperae,

    i. e. that look like their fathers, Hor. C. 4, 5, 23:

    ecce similia omnia,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 34:

    par est avaritia, similis improbitas,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 118;

    but cf., in a more restricted sense: similia omnia magis quam paria,

    Liv. 45, 43:

    ad quam (amicitiam) se similis animus applicet,

    Cic. Lael. 14, 48:

    sicut erat in simili causā antea factum,

    id. Rep. 2, 37, 63:

    quod in simili culpā versabantur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 110:

    simili ratione,

    id. B. G. 7, 4; id. B. C. 3, 76 al.:

    similem esse te volo quomodo filium, non quomodo imaginem,

    Sen. Ep. 84, 8:

    ecce aliud simile, dissimile,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 76:

    si quis Aristotelem similem emit,

    a likeness of Aristotle, Juv. 2, 6; cf.:

    tabella, in quā tam similem videbis Issam, ut sit tam similis sibi nec ipsa,

    Mart. 1, 109, 19 sq.; 7, 87, 4:

    te similem,

    your likeness, Stat. S. 3, 3, 201; 5, 1, 1.— Poet., adverb. (=similiter):

    similis medios Juturna per hostīs Fertur,

    Verg. A. 12, 477.— Comp.:

    similiorem mulierem Magisque eandem non reor deos facere posse,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 48:

    nihil hoc simile est similius,

    id. Am. 1, 1, 290. — Sup.:

    simillimos dicito esse,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 91.—Hence, subst.: sĭmĭle, is, n.
    1.
    A comparison, likeness, parallel case, or example:

    quo facilius res perspici possit hoc simile ponitur,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 54:

    utuntur simili,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 46:

    nec improbum sit pro simili accipi, quod plus sit,

    Quint. 7, 1, 61:

    qui memoriam ab aliquo simili transferunt ad id, quod, etc.,

    id. 11, 2, 30 et saep.:

    ignavi et erepti et similia,

    id. 1, 5, 69; 1, 6, 2; 2, 4, 26; 3, 5, 16 et saep.; cf.:

    latitatio, metus, similia,

    id. 7, 2, 46:

    de philosophiā, de republicā, similibus,

    id. 9, 4, 19; 11, 3, 153.—
    2.
    Resemblance, simile et majus est et par et minus, Quint. 7, 8, 7.— Adv. in two forms, simulter (ante-class.) and similiter (class.).
    * a.
    sĭmulter, in like manner, similarly:

    exossabo ego illum simulter itidem ut muraenam coquos,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 148 (cited ap. Non. 170, 25: simulter pro similiter); v. Ritschl ad Plaut. 1. 1.—
    b. (α).
    Absol. (so most freq.):

    ecquid adsimulo similiter?

    Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 37:

    similiter atque uno modo,

    Cic. Brut. 66, 233:

    illa quae similiter desinunt aut quae cadunt similiter,

    id. de Or. 3, 54, 206; id. Tusc. 4, 11, 25:

    si non similiter semper ingrediamur in argumentationem,

    id. Inv. 1, 41, 76:

    addunt etiam C. Marium... Similiter vos, cum, etc.,

    id. Ac. 2, 5, 14:

    quorum non similiter fides est nec justitia laudata,

    id. Rep. 2, 36, 61 et saep.— Comp.: scurram multo similius imitatum, more perfectly or naturally, Phaedr. 5, 5, 34.— Sup.:

    ut, etc.... simillime, etc.,

    just so, Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 54.—
    (β).
    With atque ( ac), et, ut si:

    neque vero illum similiter, atque ipse eram, commotum esse vidi,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 4, 9; id. Ac. 2, 23, 72; Quint. 3, 7, 26:

    similiter facis, ac si me roges, cur, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 3, 8:

    similiter facere eos... ut si nautae certarent, etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 25, 87:

    similiter facit ut si posse putet,

    id. Tusc. 4, 18, 41:

    similiter et si dicat, etc.,

    id. Fin. 2, 7, 21; v. Madv. ad h. l.— Sup.:

    hic excipit Pompeium, simillime atque ut illā lege Glaucippus excipitur,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 4, 13.—
    * (γ).
    With dat.:

    similiter his, etc.,

    Plin. 11, 25, 30, § 86.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > similis

  • 88 tamquam

    I.
    In gen.: Sa. Esne tu huic amicus? To. Tamquam di omnes, qui caelum colunt, Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 32: Cu. Serva me. Ph. Tamquam me et genium meum, id. Curc. 5, 2, 29: Ge. Nostin' ejus natum Phaedriam? Da. Tamquam te, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 14:

    quod video tibi etiam novum accidisse tamquam mihi,

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 5:

    tenebrae ibi erant tamquam nox,

    Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 8: Si. Quālibet perambula aedes oppido tamquam tuas. Th. Tamquam? id. Most. 3, 2, 122:

    inspicere tamquam in speculum in vitas omnium,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 61:

    repente te tamquam serpens e latibulis intulisti,

    Cic. Vatin. 2, 4:

    ficta omnia celeriter tamquam flosculi decidunt,

    id. Off. 2, 12, 43:

    sensus in capite tamquam in arce mirifice conlocati sunt, nam oculi tamquam speculatores altissimum locum obtinent,

    id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:

    sic tamquam pilam rapiunt inter se rei publicae statum tyranni ab regibus,

    id. Rep. 1, 44, 68; 1, 24, 38; id. Sen. 23, 83; id. Lael. 16, 59:

    commenti sunt, se de terrā tamquam hos ex arvis musculos exstitisse,

    id. Rep. 3, 15, 25.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    With a corresp. sic or ita:

    apud eum ego sic Ephesi fui, quotienscumque fui, tamquam domi meae,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 1:

    neve te obrui tamquam fluctu, sic magnitudine negotii sinas,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4:

    ut, tamquam poetae boni solent, sic tu diligentissimus sis,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 16, §

    46: tamquam levia quaedam vina nihil valent in aquā, sic Stoicorum ista magis gustata quam potata delectant,

    id. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:

    sic ex corporis totius naturā et figurā varios motus cieri tamquam in cantu sonos,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 19:

    sic tamquam,

    id. Brut. 18, 71 Orell. N. cr.:

    si potis est, tamquam philosophorum habent disciplinae Vocabula, parasiti ita ut Gnathonici vocentur,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 32:

    ex vitā ita discedo, tamquam ex hospitio, non tamquam e domo,

    Cic. Sen. 23, 84; cf. also: tamquam, ita, in the foll.—
    B.
    With si, in a hypothetical comparison, as if, just as if, etc. (always with subj.):

    tamquam si claudus sim, cum fusti est ambulandum,

    Plaut. As. 2, 4, 21:

    curabitur, Tamquam si intus nemo natus in aedibus habitet,

    id. Most. 2, 1, 55:

    tamquam si emeris me argento, liber servibo tibi,

    id. Men. 5, 9, 42:

    qui tamquam si offusa rei publicae sempiterna nox esset, ita ruebant in tenebris,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 32, 91; id. Q. Fr. 3, 2, 2:

    qui, tamquam si arma militis inspiciunda sunt, ita probet armatum,

    id. Caecin. 21, 61:

    ut istum, tamquam si esset consul, salutarent,

    id. Phil. 2, 41, 106; id. Div. 2, 64, 131:

    ita me audias, tamquam si mihi quiritanti intervenisses,

    Liv. 40, 9, 7:

    tamquam si tua res agatur,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 7:

    Plancum... sic condemnit, tamquam si illi aqua et igni interdictum sit,

    id. Phil. 6, 4, 10.—Without verb:

    id cum dixerat, universi, tamquam si deo, libentes parebant,

    Gell. 15, 22, 6.—
    C.
    Sometimes tamquam alone, without si, is joined immediately to a conditional clause of comparison, as if, just as if:

    tamquam clausa sit Asia, sic nihil perfertur ad nos,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 9, 1:

    tamquam ceteris non sit habitura quod largiatur,

    id. Inv. 2, 1, 3:

    M. Atilium Captum in Africa commemorat, tamquam M. Atilius ad Africam offenderit, etc.,

    Liv. 28, 43, 17; 45, 23, 12; 10, 34, 5; 29, 22, 1: quod a quibusdam sic accipi potest, tamquam haec sententia priori diversa sit, Quint. 2, 3, 10; 2, 1, 12:

    qui ita dicunt, tamquam inter duas leges quaeratur,

    id. 7, 4, 42; Cic. Brut. 1, 5:

    tamquam regum arcanis interesset, omnia scit,

    Liv. 41, 24, 3:

    tamquam de regno dimicaretur, ita concurrerunt,

    id. 40, 6, 6:

    tamquam non idem ubique di immortales sint, sed, etc.,

    id. 42, 3, 9:

    ceteri, tamquam ita necesse sit, sequuntur,

    Quint. 12, 10, 5:

    tamquam nesciamus,

    Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154; Petr. 106.—
    D.
    For instance, for example (post-Aug.):

    quaedam secunda... tamquam tormentorum patientia, etc.,

    Sen. Ep. 66, 5; 65, 8; id. Contr. 1, praef. § 23;

    1, 8, 14: ut non aliquos progeneret, tamquam piros silvestres et prunos,

    Col. 3, 11, 5; Front. Aquaed. 87.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tamquam

  • 89 tunc

    tunc, adv. demonstr., of time [tum, and demonstr. suffix -ce], then, at that time; but in ante-class. and class. prose tunc is always emphatic, and generally refers to a point of time. In post-Aug. style tunc freq. occurs without emphasis, and is freely used of periods of time. Tunc = deinde occurs first in the class. per. and rarely in prose; but is very freq. after the Aug. per. Tunc in mere co-ordinative use is very rare and not ante-class. (v. I. C.). Tunc coupled with an emphatic or temporal particle is very rare in class. prose, but freq. in the postAug. period. Poets often use tunc instead of tum before vowels for the sake of the metre. In general, tunc is not freq. till after the Aug. period. Cic. has tum about thirty times as often as tunc; Caes. has tunc only five times; Livy, in the first two books, has tunc five times, tum eighty-two times; but Val. Max. has tunc four times as often as tum. Sen. almost always has tunc; tum only in a few passages, mostly in co ordinative use. In Vitr., Suet., Plin., Just., and the jurists, tunc largely predominates; but Nep. has tunc once only, and Tac., who employs both words sparingly, has tum oftener than tunc. The Codd. very freq. vary between the words, and in many passages the reading is still doubtful. Undue weight has been given by some critics to opposition to nunc and connection with cum; cf. Kritz ad Sall. J. 5, 1; Zumpt ad Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 64, § 142; 2, 5, 10, § 27. Both tum and tunc are freq. opposed to nunc, and connected with cum.
    I.
    Absol.
    A.
    Referring an event to a time before mentioned.
    1.
    To definite past time.
    (α).
    To a period of time, = illis temporibus (only post-Aug.):

    tunc melius tenuere fidem cum paupere cultu Stabat in exigua ligneus aede deus,

    Tib. 1, 10, 19:

    nulli tunc subsessores alienorum matrimoniorum oculi metuebantur,

    Val. Max. 2, 1, 5:

    sed tunc clarissimus quisque juvenum pro amplificanda patria plurimum periculi sustinebat,

    id. 3, 2, 6:

    nunc quo ventum est? A servis vix impetrari potest ne eam supellectilem fastidiant qua tunc consul non erubuit,

    id. 4, 3, 7:

    quo pacto inter amicos viguisse tunc justitiam credimus, cum inter accusatores quoque, etc.,

    id. 6, 5, 6:

    si vere aestimare Macedonas qui tunc erant volumus, fatebimur, etc.,

    Curt. 4, 16, 33:

    sed civitati nullae tunc leges erant,

    Just. 2, 7, 3; 6, 9, 5.—
    (β).
    Referring to a point of time spoken of: cives Romani [p. 1914] tunc facti sunt Campani, Enn. ap. Censor. 14 (Ann. v. 174 Vahl.): tanto sublatae sunt Augmine tunc lapides, id. ap. Non. p. 211, 8 (Ann. v. 542 ib.): tunc ipsos adoriant, ne quis Spartam referat nuntium, Naev. ap. Prisc. 8, p. 801 P. (Trag. Rel. v. 16 Rib.):

    (Sulla) statim ex iis rebus quas tunc vendebat jussit ei praemium tribui, etc.,

    Cic. Arch. 10, 25:

    neque ego tunc princeps ad salutem esse potuissem si, etc.,

    id. Sull. 3, 9:

    his tunc cognitis rebus amici regis his... liberaliter responderunt,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 104:

    tunc duces Nerviorum... colloqui sese velle dicunt,

    at this time, id. B. G. 5, 41:

    quod se facturos minabantur, aegreque tunc sunt retenti quin oppidum irrumperent,

    id. B. C. 2, 13 fin.:

    Romanus tunc exercitus in agro Larinati erat,

    Liv. 22, 24, 1:

    itaque cum in ipsum, et innocentia tutum et magistratu in quo tunc erat, impetus fieri non posset, etc.,

    id. 4, 44, 6; cf. id. 2, 2, 2; 4, 8, 6; 10, 37, 10;

    44, 44, 3: nec, si rescindere posses (sc. jussa Jovis), Tunc aderas,

    Ov. M. 2, 679:

    tunc ego nec cithara poteram gaudere sonora, nec, etc.,

    Tib. 3, 4, 69:

    tunc urbis custodiis praepositus C. Maecenas,

    Vell. 2, 88, 2:

    forte evenit ut tunc summae dignitatis ibi femina veneno consumere se destinarit,

    Val. Max. 2, 6, 8:

    qui tunc Libitinam exercebant,

    id. 5, 2, 10:

    Coriolanus ad Volscos, infestos tunc Romanis, confugit,

    id. 5, 4, 1; cf. id. 2, 10, 3; 4, 8, 5; 5, 5, 3; 7, 6, 5 fin.;

    8, 1 damn. 1: Carthaginiensium legati ad celebrandum sacrum anniversarium more patrio tunc venerant,

    Curt. 4, 2, 10:

    et tunc aestas erat, cujus calor, etc.,

    id. 3, 5, 1:

    perierat imperium, quod tunc in extremo stabat, si Fabius, etc.,

    Sen. Troad. 1, 11, 5:

    tunc,distractis Orientis viribus, casus Mithridati datus est occupandi Armeniam,

    Tac. A. 11, 9; cf. id. ib. 2, 25:

    quidam ex eis qui tunc egerant, decesserunt,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 24, 3:

    ardente tunc in Africa bello,

    Suet. Caes. 70; cf. id. Calig. 48; id. Ner. 20; 21:

    Asiam tunc tenebat imperio rex Darius,

    Gell. 17, 9, 20:

    hostes tunc populi Romani fuerant Fidenates,

    id. 17, 21, 17; cf. id. 13, 5, 2 and 3; 14, 1, 8; Ael. Spart. Had. 11; 23; 24.—Repeated by anaphora:

    tunc victus abiere feri, tunc consita pomus, tunc bibit inriguas fertilis hortus aquas, Aurea tunc pressos, etc.,

    Tib. 2, 1, 43:

    tunc Parmenio et Philotas, tunc Amyntas consobrinus, tunc noverca fratresque interfecti, tunc Attalus, Eurylochus... occurrebant,

    Just. 12, 6, 14; so id. 43, 3, 2; 43, 4, 2.—Attributively:

    regem tunc Lacedaemoniorum,

    Just. 6, 2, 4.—
    (γ).
    Referring to a state no longer in existence:

    silvae tunc circa viam erant, plerisque incultis,

    Liv. 21, 25, 8:

    urbs (Corinthus) erat tunc praeclara ante excidium,

    id. 45, 28, 2:

    hic (Curio) primo pro Pompei partibus, id est, ut tunc habebatur, pro republica, mox... pro Caesare stetit,

    Vell. 2, 48, 3:

    certissimum tunc proscriptorum perfugium penetravit,

    Val. Max. 7, 3, 9:

    docuit in atrio Catulinae domus, quae pars Palatii tunc erat,

    Suet. Gram. 17: tunc (i. e. olim) in usu erat, eam hereditatem, etc., Gai Inst. 2, 254 erat autem tunc mos ut cum princeps causam cognosceret... sententiam ex omnium deliberatione proferret, Ael. Spart. Had. 8.—
    (δ).
    Expressly opposed to present time: tunc igitur pelles, nunc aurum et purpura exercent hominum vitam, Lucr 5, 1423;

    ea lege quae tunc erat Sempronia, nunc est Cornelia,

    Cic. Clu. 56, 154:

    cum vero causam justam deus ipse dederit, ut tunc Socrati, nunc Catoni, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 1, 30, 74, cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 18, § 45; 2, 3, 67, § 156; id. Arch. 3, 5; id. Pis. 13, 30; id. Rab. Post. 12, 34; id. Phil. 7, 5, 14:

    cur privati non damus remiges, sicut tunc dedimus?

    Liv. 34, 6, 18:

    munitiones et locis opportunioribus tunc fuerunt et validiores impositae (i. e. quam nunc),

    id. 36, 17, 4:

    parva nunc res videri potest quae tunc patres ac plebem accendit,

    id. 4, 25, 13; cf. id. 8, 31, 4; 21, 18, 5:

    Macedones milites ea tunc erant fama qua nunc Romani feruntur,

    Nep. Eum. 3, 4: nunc solvo poenas;

    tunc tibi inferias dedi,

    Sen. Phoen. 172:

    nunc haberent socios quos tunc hostes habuerant,

    Just. 6, 7, 5; cf. id. 8, 2, 9:

    hoc tunc Veii fuere, nunc fuisse quis meminit?

    Flor. 1, 12, 11.—And tunc and tum in co-ordinated sentences: qui ager nunc multo pluris est quam tunc fuit. Tum enim, etc., nunc, etc.;

    tum erat ager incultus, nunc est cultissimus,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33: vos etiamsi tunc faciendum non fuerit, nunc utique faciendum putatis;

    ego contra, etiamsi tum migrandum fuisset, nunc has ruipas relinquendas non censerem,

    Liv. 5, 53, 3 (in such connections tum generally refers to a previous tunc, rarely vice versa).—
    (ε).
    Opposed to a previous or a later time:

    quae ipsum Hannibalem, armis tunc invictum voluptate vicit (i. e. etsi non postea),

    Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 95:

    raro alias tribuni popularis oratio acceptior plebi quam tunc severissimi consulis fuit,

    Liv. 3, 69, 1:

    (Syphax) tunc accessio Punici belli fuerat, sicut Gentius Macedonici,

    id. 45, 7, 2; 5, 37, 2; 45, 25, 10:

    non ab Scipionibus aliisque veteribus Romanorum ducum quidquam ausum fortius quam tunc a Caesare,

    Vell. 2, 80, 3:

    et tunc Aeanti, ut deo, immolaverunt, et deinceps, etc.,

    Val. Max. 1, 5, ext. 2:

    praetor hic Alexandri fuerat, tunc transfuga,

    Curt. 3, 11, 18; cf. id. 4, 13, 18:

    Cilicum nationes saepe et alias commotae, tunc Troxoboro duce, montes asperos castris cepere,

    Tac. A. 12, 55; cf. id. ib. 2, 62; id. H. 3, 58:

    ob res et tunc in Africa, et olim in Germania gestas,

    Suet. Galb. 8; cf. id. Tib. 10; 18; id. Oth. 4:

    idem tunc Faesulae quod Carrhae nuper,

    Flor. 1, 5, 8.—
    (ζ).
    In general statements, applied to the actual state of affairs:

    mos est regibus quotiens in societatem coeant, pollices inter se vincire, etc. Sed tunc, qui ea vincula admovebat decidisse simulans, genua Mithridatis invadit,

    Tac. A. 12, 47:

    legebatur ergo ibi tunc in carmine Latino, etc.,

    Gell. 2, 22, 2.— Pregn., as matters then stood:

    aptissimum tempus fuerat, delinimentum animis Bolani agri divisionem obici: tunc haec ipsa indignitas angebat animos,

    Liv. 4, 51, 6.—
    (η).
    Of coincidence in time: tunc = cum hoc fieret, on that occasion:

    quodsi tu tunc, Crasse, dixisses, omnem eorum importunitatem evellisset oratio tua,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 230; id. Clu. 56, 153; id. Lig. 5, 16; id. Phil. 7, 5, 14:

    tunc Lacedaemoniis accusantibus respondendum erat, nunc a vobis ipsis accusati sumus,

    Liv. 39, 36, 7:

    jam Horatius secundam pugnam petebat. Tunc... clamore adjuvant militem suum,

    while he was doing so, id. 1, 25, 9; 45, 23, 17:

    sed neque... nubes Tunc habuit, nec... imbres,

    Ov. M. 2, 310:

    quid mihi tunc animi fuit?

    id. ib. 7, 582:

    quid mihi tunc animi credis, germane, fuisse?

    id. H. 11, 87; 12, 31:

    quid tunc homines timuerint, quae senatus trepidatio... neque mihi exprimere vacat, neque, etc.,

    Vell. 2, 124, 1:

    non Catoni tunc praetura, sed praeturae Cato negatus est,

    Val. Max. 7, 5, 6; cf. id. 1, 8, 6; 4, 5, 3; 6, 1, 8; 6, 2, 3; 6, 2, 6; 6, 6, ext. 1;

    9, 3, 1: tunc ego dicere debui,

    Sen. Ep. 63, 15:

    non possum dicere aliud tunc mihi quam deos adfuisse,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 5:

    tunc domus priscorum ducum arserunt,

    Suet. Ner. 38; Just. 18, 3, 14; Gell. 6 (7), 3, 48; 12, 13, 21; 19, 1, 11.—Tunc and tum co-ordinate: sanguine tunc (Phaethontis) credunt... Tum facta'st Libya... arida;

    tum, etc.,

    Ov. M. 2, 235 sqq.: tunc... sorores Debuerant, etc.;

    Tum potui Medea mori bene,

    id. H. 12, 3 sqq.—And referring to a supposed action at a definite time:

    nobis tunc repente trepidandum in acie instruenda erat,

    if we had accepted the battle then, Liv. 44, 38, 11.—
    (θ).
    Redundant (post-class.):

    id quale fuerit, neque ipse tunc prodidit, neque cuiquam facile succurrat,

    Suet. Tit. 10; cf.: in ejusmodi temporibus tunc eae ambulationes aperiuntur, Vitr 5, 9, 9.—
    2.
    = nunc, in oblique discourse (rare):

    quod si consulatus tanta dulcedo sit, jam tunc ita in animum inducant, consulatum captum a tribunicia potestate esse,

    Liv. 2, 54, 5:

    ut cum multis saeculis murus urbi civium virtus fuerit, tunc cives salvos se fore non existimaverint nisi intra muros laterent,

    Just. 14, 5, 7.—
    3.
    Referring to indefinite time.
    (α).
    Then, at such a time of the year, day, etc.; at such a season:

    tunc (i. e. autumno) praecidi arbores oportere secundum terram,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 27:

    ab eo in fastis dies hordicalia nominantur, quod tunc hordae boves immolantur,

    id. ib. 2, 5:

    omnes (nubes sol) enim sub se tunc (= medio die),

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 8, 7:

    tunc enim maximae et integrae adhuc nives (= aestate prima),

    id. ib. 4, 2, 21:

    et tunc potest ventis concitari mare,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 25; cf. id. ib. 4, 5, 2.—
    (β).
    With the force of an indefinite temporal clause:

    tunc ignes tenuissimi iter exile designant et caelo producunt, of shooting stars,

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 1, 6: nemo observat lunam nisi laborantem. Tunc urbes conclamant, tunc pro se quisque superstitione vana trepidat, id. ib. 7, 1, 2:

    adjuvari se tunc (i. e. cum faces vident) periclitantes existimant Pollucis et Castoris numine,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 13; cf. id. ib. 1, 8, 3; 2, 55, 2; 5, 3, 1; 6, 12, 2; id. Ep. 42, 4; id. Brev. Vit. 11, 1: si ancilla ex cive Romand conceperit, deinde civis Romana facta sit, et tunc pariat, etc., Gai Inst. 1, 88; 1, 90; Dig. 1, 6, 8; 40, 12, 22, § 3.—
    (γ).
    With the force of a conditional clause, in this instance: Tr. Erus peregre venit. Si. Tunc tibi actutum chorda tenditur, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 55 Lorenz (al. tum):

    dominae mentem convertite... Tunc ego crediderim vobis, et sidera et amnes Posse, etc.,

    Prop. 1, 1, 23:

    itaque tunc dividere optimum erit (= si plura sunt quae nocent),

    Quint. 4, 2, 101; so id. 6, 1, 22:

    cuperem tecum communicare tam subitam mutationem mei: tunc amicitiae nostrae certiorem fiduciam habere coepissem,

    Sen. Ep. 6, 2: nemo est ex inprudentibus qui reliqui sibi debeat. Tunc mala consilia agitant, tunc aut aliis aut ipsis pericula struunt;

    tunc cupiditates improbas ordinant, tunc... tunc... denique, etc.,

    id. ib. 10, 2;

    7, 2: tunc enim (i. e. si cottidie reputes) subit recordatio: Quot dies quam frigidis rebus absumpsi!

    Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 3:

    propter liberos retentio fit (dotis) si culpa mulieris divortium factum sit, tunc enim sextae retinentur ex dote,

    Ulp. Fragm. 6, 10: veluti si a femina manumissa sit: tunc enim e lege Atilia petere debet tutorem, Gai Inst. 1, 195; 1, 76; 1, 40; 3, 181; Fragm. Vat. 52; Dig. 2, 4, 8; 5, 3, 13, § 12; 7, 3, 1; 19, 1, 11, § 15; 11, 1, 20; Just. Inst. 1, 12, § 6; in the jurists, saep.—
    4.
    Referring to future time.
    (α).
    In gen.: tunc illud vexillum... coloniae Capuae inferetur;

    tunc contra hanc Romam illa altera Roma quaeretur,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 86:

    tunc, ut quaeque causa crit statuetis, nunc libertatem repeti satis est,

    Liv. 3, 53, 10:

    senatus consultum adjectum est ut... praetor qui tunc esset... apud eorum quem qui manumitteretur... jusjurandum daret, etc.,

    id. 41, 9, 11:

    nec taedebit avum parvo advigilare nepoti... Tunc operata deo pubes discumbet in herba, etc.,

    Tib. 2, 5, 95:

    tunc interea tempus exercitus ex hoc loco educendi habebis,

    Gell. 3, 7, 7.—
    (β).
    With the force of a conditional clause:

    tunc me biremis Tutum... Aura feret geminusque Pollux (i. e. si mugiat malus procellis),

    Hor. C. 3, 29, 62:

    vectabor umeris tunc ego inimicis eques (i. e. si hoc feceris),

    id. Epod. 17, 74:

    tunc tua me infortunia laedent (i. e. si dolebis tibi),

    id. A. P. 103:

    tunc ego jurabo quaevis tibi numina... Tunc ego... Efficiam, etc.,

    Ov. H. 15 (16), 319:

    tunc piger ad nandum, tunc ego cautus ero,

    id. ib. 17 (18), 210.—
    B.
    Representing sequence or succession in events, = deinde.
    1.
    Simple sequence in time.
    (α).
    Time proper (rare till after the Aug. per.;

    in Cic. perh. only in the foll. passages): Herodotus cum Roma reverteretur, offendit eum mensem qui sequitur mensem comitialem. Tunc Cephaloeditani decrerunt intercalarium XLV dies longum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 130:

    veni in eum sermonem ut docerem, etc. Tunc mihi ille dixit quod, etc.,

    id. Fam. 3, 5, 3:

    dixi ei, me ita facturum esse ut, etc. Tunc ille a me petivit, etc.,

    id. ib. 3, 6, 2 is finis pugnae equestris fuit. Tunc adorti peditum aciem, nuntios ad consules rei gestae mittunt, Liv. 3, 70, 8:

    tandem curia excesserunt. Tunc sententiae interrogari coeptae,

    id. 45, 25, 1:

    equites, relictis equis, provolant ante signa... Tunc inter priores duorum populorum res geritur,

    id. 7, 8, 1:

    iterum deinde interpellatus, in proposito persistit. Tunc Poppedius, abjecturum inde se... minatus est,

    Val. Max. 3, 1, 2; cf. id. 5, 4, 1; 7, 3, 2; 7, 3, 6: tunc intendit arcum, et ipsum cor adulescentis figit, Sen. de Ira, 3, 14, 2; so id. Ot. Sap. 1, 1; id. Q. N. 1, 12, 1:

    Dareum XXX inde stadia abesse praemissi indicabant. Tunc consistere agmen jubet,

    Curt. 3, 8, 24:

    contionem discedere in manipulos jubet. Tunc a veneratione Augusti orsus flexit ad victorias,

    Tac. A. 1, 34; cf. id. ib. 1, 67; 12, 31; 12, 33; 12, 69; id. H. 4, 72; Vitr. 1, 4, 12; 1, 6, 7; 2, 1, 2; 2, 1, 4; 5, 12, 5; 7, praef. 5; 7, 1, 3; 7, 2, 2; 8, 1, 1; Suet. Ner. 49; id. Vit. 15 fin.; id. Dom. 16; Front. Strat. 2, 5, 4; Gell. 1, 22, 6; 6 (7), 17, 6; 13, 31 (30), 6; 14, 2, 9; [p. 1915] Flor. 2, 13 (4, 2), 71; Just. 11, 4, 1; 11, 10, 2; 12, 7, 7; 13, 3, 4; 18, 4, 10 et saep.; Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 26.—
    (β).
    Before an abl. absol. (postclass.):

    statuunt tempus quo foedissimum quemque invadant. Tunc, signo inter se dato, inrumpunt contubernia,

    Tac. A. 1, 48:

    tunc, Campaniae ora proximisque insulis circuitis, Caprearum secessui quadriduum impendit,

    Suet. Aug. 98:

    tunc, exercitu in Aetoliam promoto, pecunias civitatibus imperat,

    Just. 14, 1, 6; 21, 5, 2; 22, 2, 7; 25, 2, 6.—
    (γ).
    Implying a consequence, then, under these circumstances, hence, accordingly:

    caedere januam saxis, instare ferro, ligna circumdare ignemque circumicere coeperunt. Tunc cives Romani, qui Lampsaci negotiabantur, concurrunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 69: huc tota Vari conversa acies suos fugere videbat. Tunc Rebilus; Perterritum, inquit, hostem vides;

    quid dubitas, etc.,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 34:

    animadversum est, extra consuetudinem longius a vallo esse aciem Pompei progressum. Tunc Caesar apud suos Differendum est iter, inquit, etc.,

    id. ib. 3, 85:

    omnium spe celerius Saguntum oppugnari adlatum est. Tunc relata de integro res ad senatum,

    Liv. 21, 6, 5; cf. id. 9, 30, 10:

    Tisiphoneque Saevit et huc illuc impia turba fugit. Tunc niger in porta serpentum Cerberus ore Stridet,

    Tib. 1, 3, 71:

    apud patres disseruit, nec posse Orientem nisi Germanici sapientia conponi, etc. Tunc decreto patrum permissae Germanico provinciae,

    Tac. A. 2, 43; id. H. 4, 83; Vitr. 2, 8, 14; 2, 9, 16; Just. 39, 3, 11.—Emphatically, = tum vero:

    donec ipse quoque longinquo morbo est implicitus. Tunc adeo fracti simul cum corpore sunt spiritus illi feroces ut, etc.,

    Liv. 1, 31, 6.—And = tum primum:

    multitudo tandem perrumpit ordines hostium. Tunc vinci pertinacia coepta, et averti manipuli quidam,

    Liv. 9, 39, 10. —
    2.
    In enumerations with tum... deinde... postea, etc.
    (α).
    In gen. (postclass.): ante omnia instituit ut e libertorum bonis dextans... cogeretur; deinde ut ingratorum, etc.;

    tunc ut lege majestatis facta omnia... tenerentur,

    Suet. Ner. 32 med.; so,

    tunc... deinde... tunc, etc.,

    Vitr. 1, 6, 12 and 13:

    tunc... tunc... deinde... tunc,

    id. 3, 5, 5 and 6; cf. id. 5, 12, 4; cf. Suet. Oth. 6; Flor. 4, 2, 88.—With tum: terras primum situmque earum quaerit; deinde condicionem maris;

    tunc quidquid inter caelum terrasque interjacet perspicit... tum, peragratis humilioribus, ad summa prorumpit,

    Sen. Cons. Helv. 17 fin.; so Gai Inst. 3, 6, 3.—
    (β).
    Of successive speakers in dialogue (rare):

    tu vero abi, inquit, etc. Tunc Mucius Quandoquidem, inquit, est apud te virtuti honos, etc.,

    Liv. 2, 12, 15:

    apud quem Valerius in hunc modum egit, etc. Tunc Collatinus Quaero inquit, etc.,

    Val. Max. 2, 8, 2.—With tum:

    tunc poeta... inquit, etc. Tum Fronto ita respondit, etc.,

    Gell. 19, 8, 10 and 11; 12, 13, 19; Val. Max. 7, 3, ext. 4.—
    C.
    In co-ordination (very rare).
    1.
    = praeterea, and then:

    (Romulus) hoc consilio fultus... locupletari civis non destitit. Tunc, id quod retinemus hodie magna cum salute rei publicae, auspiciis plurimum obsecutus est Romulus,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 9, 15 sq.:

    praeter has, frugalitas et continentia... splendorem illi suum adfunderent. Tunc providentia cum elegantia quantum decoris illi adderent!

    Sen. Ep. 115, 3.—
    2.
    In the connection cum... tunc (v. tum, I. C. 3.):

    vivendum recte est cum propter plurima, tunc est Idcirco, etc.,

    Juv. 9, 118 ( poet. for tum, on account of the foll. vowel).—
    3.
    Vid. tunc etiam, III. B. 7. b.
    II.
    As correlative of dependent clauses.
    A.
    Of temporal clauses with cum.
    1.
    Referring to definite past time.
    a.
    Tunc as antecedent of the clause:

    set Stalagmus quojus erat tunc nationis quom hinc abit?

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 108:

    etiamne in ara tunc sedebant mulieres Quom ad me profectu's ire?

    id. Rud. 3, 6, 8:

    quo damnato tunc, cum judicia fiebant, HS. IV milibus lis aestimata est,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 22:

    etenim tunc esset hoc animadvertendum cum classis Syracusis proficiscebatur,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 43, §

    111: atque ille eo tempore paruit cum parere senatui necesse erat: vos tunc paruistis cum paruit nemo nisi qui voluit,

    id. Lig. 7, 20: se ita pugnaturos ut Romae pugnaverint in repetenda patria, ut postero die ad Gabios, tunc cum effecerint ne quis hostium, etc., Liv. 6, 28, 9:

    et quod tunc fecimus cum hostem Hannibalem in Italia haberemus, id nunc, pulso Hannibale, cunctamur facere?

    id. 31, 7, 5:

    infelix Dido, nunc te facta impia tangunt? Tunc decuit cum sceptra dabas,

    Verg. A. 4, 597 (Rib. tum; v. Prisc. p. 8, 841 P.):

    prudenter sensit tunc incrementum Romano imperio petendum fuisse cum intra septimum lapidem triumphi quaerebantur,

    Val. Max. 4, 1, 10:

    quorum nihil tunc cum diceretur parum aptum fuit,

    Quint. 11, 1, 89; cf. Val. Max. 8, 8, ext. 1; 9, 8, ext. 1.—
    b.
    Introducing the apodosis.
    (α).
    Of coincident actions:

    cum jam adpropinquantium forma lemborum haud dubie esset... tunc injecta trepidatio,

    Liv. 44, 28, 10.—
    (β).
    = deinde:

    adversus singula quaeque cum respondere haud facile esset, et quereretur... purgaretque se invicem, tunc Papirius, redintegrata ira, virgas et secures expediri jussit,

    Liv. 8, 32, 10:

    divus Caesar cum exercitum habuisset circa Alpes, imperavissetque, etc., tunc qui in eo castello fuerunt... noluerunt imperio parere,

    Vitr. 2, 9, 15:

    cum nuntiatum esset Leonidae a XX milibus hostium summum cacumen teneri, tunc hortatur socios, recedant,

    Just. 2, 11, 5.—
    2.
    Of definite present time, tunc is not found; v. tum.—
    3.
    Referring to indefinite time.
    a.
    As antecedent:

    arbitror, quo nos etiam tunc utimur cum ea dicimus jurati quae comperta habemus,

    Cic. Font. 13, 29 (9, 19):

    tunc obsequatur naturae cum senserit, etc.,

    id. Fragm. Hort. Phil. 75 B. and K.; id. Tusc. 2, 6, 16; id. Verr. 1, 18, 55; 2, 5, 12, § 29: qui tunc vocat me, cum malum librum legi, only... when, never... unless (= tote dê), Cat. 44, 21 Ellis (Mull. tum):

    deum tunc adfuisse cum id evenisset, veteres oratores aiebant,

    Quint. 10, 7, 14:

    tunc est commovendum theatrum cum ventum est ad illud Plodite,

    id. 6, 1, 52; cf. id. 4, 2, 8; 12, 11, 7; Vitr. 2, 9, 3:

    voluptas tunc, cum maxime delectat, exstinguitur,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 7, 4; cf. id. Q. N. 1, prol. 3; 5, 3, 3; 6, 3, 1; id. Ep. 10, 5; 85, 38:

    in tantam quantitatem tenetur quae tunc in peculio fuit cum sententiam dicebat,

    Dig. 5, 1, 15: tunc cum certum esse coeperit neminem ex eo testamento fore heredem, Gai Inst. 3, 13; 4, 71; Dig. 28, 3, 6, § 6; 40, 12, 16, § 2; 40, 7, 34.—
    b.
    Introducing the apodosis:

    cum autem fundamenta ita distantia inter se fuerint constituta, tunc inter ea alia transversa... collocentur,

    Vitr. 1, 5, 7; 2, 1, 6; 2, 3, 2; 2, 5, 2;

    3, 5, 13: cum folia pauca in acumine germinent, tunc maxime serendas ficus,

    Plin. 18, 26, 65, § 245; Just. 41, 2, 9.—
    4.
    Referring to future time:

    ex ceteris autem generibus tunc pecunia expedietur cum legionibus victricibus erunt quae spopondimus persolvenda, Cic. Fragm. Ep. Caes. jun. 1, 8: tunc inter eas fore finem belli dixit cum alterutra urbs in habitum pulveris esset redacta,

    Val. Max. 9, 3, ext. 3:

    poterant videri tunc incohanda cum omnia quae... peregissem,

    Quint. 6, 4, 1; Col. praef. 33; v. infra, III. A. 2. b.—
    B.
    With temporal clauses introduced by ubi (rare).
    1.
    Of definite past time:

    ad quod bellum ubi consules dilectum habere occipiunt, obstare tunc enixe tribuni,

    Liv. 4, 55, 2:

    haec ubi convenerunt, tunc vero Philomelus consuetudinem nocte egrediendi frequentiorem facere,

    id. 25, 8, 9.—
    2.
    Of indefinite time.
    a.
    As antecedent:

    tunc autem est consummata infelicitas, ubi turpia non solum delectant, sed etiam placent,

    Sen. Ep. 39, 6; id. Ben. 2, 3, 3; 2, 17, 3; id. Ep. 89, 19.—
    b.
    In apodosis:

    stillicidia ubi plura coiere et turba vires dedit, tunc fluere et ire dicuntur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 13, 4; 6, 17, 2; 6, 18, 2.—
    C.
    With temporal clauses introduced by postquam (posteaquam); rare.
    1.
    Of definite past time:

    posteaquam ingenuae virgines et ephebi venerunt ad deprecandum, tunc est pollicitus his legibus ut, etc.,

    Vitr. 10, 16, 7 (but in Sall. C. 51, 40 Dietsch reads tum).—
    2.
    Of indefinite time: si vero posteaquam eam destinasses, tunc perierit, etc., Dig 17, 2, 58, § 1.—
    D.
    With temporal clauses introduced by ut (very rare):

    ut vero... casus suorum miseris eluxit, tunc toto littore plangentium gemitus, tunc infelicium matrum ululatus... audiebantur,

    Just. 19, 2, 11.—
    E.
    With temporal clauses introduced by quando (rare).
    1.
    As antecedent:

    tunc quando abiero,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 7, 19 (4, 8, 8): tunc inserentur (cerasi) quando his vel non est, vel desinit gummi effluere, Pall. Oct. 12.—
    2.
    In apodosis:

    quando quodque eorum siderum cursum decorum est adeptum... tunc ex alterius naturae motione transversa... vinci a tardioribus videbantur,

    Cic. Univ. 9.—
    F.
    With temporal clauses introduced by dum (very rare):

    tunc tamen utrumque tolerabile est, dum illi vis sua est,

    Sen. Ep. 83, 21.—
    G.
    With conditional clauses.
    1.
    In gen.
    (α).
    As antecedent:

    consilium istud tunc esset prudens si rationes ad Hispaniensem casum accommodaturi essemus,

    Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:

    sin autem ventus interpellaverit et... tunc habeat canalem longum pedes quinque, etc.,

    Vitr. 8, 5, 2:

    tunc fidem fallam, tunc inconstantiae crimen audiam si, cum omnia eadem sint quae erant promittente me, non praestitero promissum,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 35, 2.—
    (β).
    In apodosis:

    si se simul cum gloria rei gestae exstinxisset, tunc victorem, quidquid licuerit in magistro equitum, in militibus ausurum,

    Liv. 8, 31, 7:

    quem si inclusit mare, tum ille exitu simul redituque praecluso, volutatur,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 15:

    quod si non illum, sed me peccasse putabis, tunc ego te credam cordis habere nihil,

    Mart. 2, 8, 6: si nullus sit suorum heredum, tunc hereditas pertinet ad adgnatos, Gai Inst. 3, 9:

    si vero dissentiunt, tunc praetoris partes necessariae sunt,

    Dig. 2, 14, 7, § 19; Sen. Q. N. 6, 9, 2; Gai Inst. 3, 205; Dig. 1, 3, 22.—
    2.
    With a supposition contrary to fact:

    audivi te cum alios consolareris: tunc conspexissem, si te ipse consolatus esses,

    Sen. Prov. 4, 5.—
    H.
    After abl. absol. (rare):

    legatis auditis, tunc de bello referre sese Aemilius dixit,

    Liv. 44, 21, 1:

    his ita praeparatis, tunc in rotae modiolo tympanum includatur,

    Vitr. 10, 9 (14), 2.
    III.
    Particular connections.
    A.
    With other particles of time.
    1.
    Jam tunc (rare):

    nisi jam tunc omnia negotia diligentissime confecissem,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 3: bellum jam tunc ab illis geri coeptum cum sibi Phrygiam ademerint, Trog. Pomp. ap. Just. 38, 53:

    At. C. Marius L. Sullam jam tunc, ut praecaventibus fatis, copulatum sibi quaestorem habuit,

    Vell. 2, 12, 1:

    Archilochum Nepos Cornelius tradit, Tullo Hostilio Romae regnante, jam tunc fuisse poematis clarum et nobilem,

    Gell. 17, 21, 8:

    palam jam tunc multae civitates libertatem bello vindicandam fremebant,

    Just. 13, 5, 5. —
    2.
    With demum and denique, not until then, then only, then at last.
    a.
    Tunc demum.
    (α).
    Absol.:

    tunc demum nuntius missus ad tertiam legionem revocandam,

    Liv. 41, 3, 5:

    tunc demum pectora plangi Contigit,

    Ov. H. 11, 91:

    tunc demum intrat tabernaculum,

    Curt. 4, 13, 20:

    tunc demum alia mala (exstiterunt),

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 17, 6:

    (aquilae) primo deponunt, expertaeque pondus, tunc demum abeunt,

    Plin. 10, 3, 4, § 14:

    tunc demum... invidiam quae sibi fieret deprecati sunt,

    Suet. Calig. 9:

    tunc demum ad otium concessit,

    id. Claud. 5.—
    (β).
    With cum clause:

    postero die cum circumsessi aqua arceremur, nec ulla... erumpendi spes esset, tunc demum pacti sumus, etc.,

    Liv. 21, 59, 6:

    et serius cum redisset, tum demum, recepto sospite filio, victoriae tantae gaudium consul sensit,

    id. 44, 44, 3:

    cum ab his oritur, tunc demum ei ratio constat,

    Val. Max. 4, 8 prooem.: quos ordine suo tunc demum persequar cum praefaturus fuero, Col. praef. 33; Sen. Ep. 84, 6; id. Q. N. 7, 13, 1.—
    b.
    Tunc denique (very rare): hi dicebantur in eo tempore mathêmatikoi. Exinde ad perspicienda principia naturae procedebant ac tunc denique nominabantur phusikoi, Gell. 1, 9, 7.—
    3.
    Tunc primum:

    quia tunc primum superbiae nobilitatis obviam itum est,

    Sall. J. 5, 2:

    tunc primum circo qui nunc maximus dicitur, designatus locus est,

    Liv. 1, 35, 8:

    eum dolorem ulta est (plebs) tunc primum plebeis quaestoribus creatis,

    id. 4, 54, 2:

    tunc primum equo merere equites coeperunt,

    id. 5, 7, 13:

    lectisternio tunc primum in urbe Romana facto,

    id. 5, 13, 6; Tac. A. 11, 38; Suet. Ner. 17; Just. 8, 5, 1; 11, 10, 2; Jul. Capitol. Anton. Phil. 5; 7.—
    4.
    With deinde (cf.: tum deinde).
    (α).
    Deinde tunc:

    roga bonam mentem, bonam valetudinem animi, deinde tunc corporis,

    Sen. Ep. 10, 4; 74, 23; 117, 1.—
    (β).
    Tunc deinde: primum militiae vinculum est religio et signorum amor, et deserendi nefas; tunc deinde facile cetera [p. 1916] exiguntur, Sen. Ep. 95, 35; 11, 4; Val. Fl. 8, 109; Cels. 4, 15.—So, tunc postea, Vitr. 1, 6, 7.—
    5.
    Tunc tandem:

    simul enim cessit possessione Dii, excitavit hostem, ut tunc tandem sciret recuperanda esse quae prius amissa forent,

    Liv. 44, 8, 4.—
    B.
    With emphatic particles.
    1.
    Tunc vero (or enimvero):

    in turbatos jam hostes equos inmittunt. Tunc vero Celtiberi omnes in fugam effunduntur,

    Liv. 40, 40, 10:

    cunctantem tamen ingens vis morbi adorta est. Tunc enim vero deorum ira admonuit,

    id. 2, 36, 6:

    tunc vero impotentis fortunae species conspici potuit,

    Curt. 3, 11, 23: Tiberioque suspensa semper verba;

    tunc vero nitenti, etc.,

    Tac. A. 1, 11.—
    2.
    Tunc quidem: et tunc quidem Perseus copias reduxit;

    postero die, etc.,

    Liv. 42, 57, 9:

    tunc quidem sacrificio rite perpetrato, reliquum noctis rediit, etc.,

    Curt. 4, 13, 16; cf. id. 3, 12, 21.—
    3.
    Ne tunc quidem:

    quia ne tunc quidem obsistebatur,

    Front. Strat. 3, 17, 9:

    ac ne tum quidem senatu aut populo appellato,

    Suet. Ner. 41; cf. Just. 27, 3, 6.—
    4.
    Tunc maxime (or tunc cum maxime).
    (α).
    Chiefly at that time, especially then:

    Theophrastus est auctor, in Ponto quosdam amnes crescere tempore aestivo... aut quia tunc maxime in umorem mutabilis terra est, aut quia, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 26, 2.—
    (β).
    Just then:

    hospitem tunc cum maxime utilia suadentem abstrahi jussit ad capitale supplicium,

    Curt. 3, 2, 17:

    non incidunt causae quae iram lacessant? sed tunc maxime illi oppugnandae manus sunt, Sen. de Ira, 2, 14, 2: sapiens tunc maxime paupertatem meditatur cum in mediis divitiis constitit,

    id. Vit. Beat. 26, 1.—
    5.
    Tunc interea, Gell. 3, 7, 7; v. supra, I. A. 4. a.—
    6.
    Etiam tunc.
    (α).
    Even then:

    experiri etiam tunc volens an ullae sibi reliquae vires essent, etc.,

    Gell. 15, 16, 3.—
    (β).
    Still:

    quam defunctam praetextatus etiam tunc pro rostris laudavit,

    Suet. Calig. 10.— And with cum, Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 8; v. supra, II. A. 1. a.—
    7.
    Tunc etiam.
    (α).
    Etiam as connective, tum = eo tempore:

    in civitate plena religionum, tunc etiam ob recentem cladem superstitiosis principibus, ut renovarentur auspicia, res ad interregnum redit,

    Liv. 6, 5, 6.—
    (β).
    Poet. for tum etiam, on account of the vowel:

    ultima prona via est, et eget moderamine certo, Tunc etiam... Tethys solet ipsa vereri,

    Ov. M. 2, 68.—
    8.
    Tunc quoque.
    (α).
    Also then:

    irae adversus Vejentes in insequentem annum dilatae sunt. Tunc quoque ne confestim bellum indiceretur religio obstitit,

    Liv. 4, 30, 13; 44, 37, 12: saepe legit flores;

    et tunc quoque forte legebat,

    Ov. M. 4, 315:

    quare et sereno tonat? quia tunc quoque per quassum et scissum aera spiritus prosilit,

    Sen. Q. N. 2, 18:

    cum quidam histriones producti olim, tunc quoque producerentur,

    Suet. Claud. 21:

    tunc quoque in Hyrcaniam remittitur,

    Just. 38, 9, 9.—
    (β).
    Even then:

    tunc quoque cum antiqui illi viri inclite viverent, cura comere capillum fuit,

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 17, 7:

    faba vero non antequam trium foliorum. Tunc quoque levi sarculo purgare melius quam fodere,

    Plin. 18, 26, 65, § 241; Suet. Ner. 26; Flor. 1, 7, 12.—With tum demum:

    tametsi ad audiendum pigre coitur. Plerique in stationibus sedent... ac sibi nuntiari jubent an jam recitator intraverit... an ex magna parte evolverit librum: tum demum ac tunc quoque lente cunctanterque veniunt,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 13, 2.—
    (γ).
    = sic quoque, even as it was:

    quin nisi firmata extrema agminis fuissent, ingens in eo saltu accipienda clades fuerit. Tunc quoque ad extremum periculi ventum est,

    Liv. 21, 34, 8.—
    C.
    Tunc temporis (postclass.;

    v. tum, III. E.): ex gente obscura tunc temporis Persarum,

    Just. 1, 4, 4:

    parvae tunc temporis vires Atheniensibus erant,

    id. 3, 6, 6:

    ad abolendam invidiae famam qua insignis praeter ceteros tunc temporis habebatur,

    id. 8, 3, 7:

    erat namque tunc temporis urbs Appulis Brundisium,

    id. 12, 2, 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tunc

  • 90 cum or (earlier) quom (not quum)

        cum or (earlier) quom (not quum) conj.    [1 CA-].    I. Prop., of time (cum temporale), constr. with indic. in an independent assertion; with subj. in a subordinate statement.—Fixing a point of time, when, at the time when: Lacrumo, quom in mentem venit, now that, T.: auditis, cum ea breviter dicuntur: eo cum venio: Postera cum lustrabat terras dies, V.: cum contionem habuit: cum proxime Romae fui: cum Italia vexata est: cum stellas fugarat dies, V.: quom non potest haberi, cupis, T.: tempus cum pater iacebat: eo tempore, cum necesse erat: memini noctis illius, cum pollicebar: tunc, cum adempta sunt arma, L.: etiam tum, cum verisimile erit, latratote, not until: cum peroraro, tum requiratis: cum signum dedero, tum invadite, L.: sese, cum opus esset, signum daturum, Cs.: sua bona, cum causae dicendae data facultas sit, tum se experturum, L. — Fixing or defining a period of time, when, while, during the time that, as, as long as, after: Alium esse censes nunc me, atque olim quom dabam? T.: risum vix tenebam, cum comparabas, etc.: tum, cum illum exterminari volebam, putabam, etc.: Hasdrubal, cum haec gerebantur, apud Syphaeum erat, L.—Of repeated action, when, whenever, at times when, as often as, always... when, if: omnes, quom valemus, recta consilia aegrotis damus, T.: cum permagna praemia sunt, est causa peccandi: Cum furit... Profuit aestūs avertere, V.: cum cogniti sunt, retinent caritatem: cum rosam viderat, tum incipere ver arbitrabatur, never until.—In clauses stating a fact, the point or period of time fixed by the main sentence (cum inversum), when, at the time when, and at this time, and meanwhile, and yet: longe iam abieram, quom sensi, T.: dies nondum decem intercesserant, cum filius necatur: Vix ea fatus erat, cum scindit se nubes, V.: multum diei processerat, cum etiamtum eventus in incerto erat, S.: nondum lucebat, cum scitum est: iamque hoc facere apparabant, cum matres procurrerunt, Cs.: Et iam phalanx ibat... flammas cum puppis Extulerat, V.: anni sunt octo, cum interea invenitis, etc.: cum interim milites domum obsidere coeperunt: nondum centum anni sunt, cum lata lex est.—Describing a time by natural events, when, while, as soon as: ipsi, cum iam dilucesceret, deducuntur: cum lux adpropinquaret.—In narration, describing the occasion or circumstances of an action (cum historicum), when, on the occasion that, under the circumstances that, while, after.—With imperf: Magistratus quom ibi adesset, occeptast agi, T.: Marius, cum secaretur, vetuit se adligari: Caesar cum ab hoste non amplius abesset... legati revertuntur, Cs.: heri, cum vos non adessetis: cum ad tribum Polliam ventum est, et praeco cunctaretur, ‘cita,’ inquit, etc., L.: Socrates, cum XXX tyranni essent, pedem portā non extulit, as long as: vidi, Cum tu terga dares, O.: is cum interrogaretur... respondit.—With maxime, just as, precisely when: Caesar, cum maxime furor arderet Antoni, exercitum comparavit: cum maxime agmen explicaretur, adoriuntur, L. — With perf: hic pagus, cum domo exisset, Cassium interfecerat, Cs.: cum domos vacuas fecissent, iunguntur nuptiis, L.: cum fanum expilavisset, navigabat Syracusas. — Of repeated occasions, when, whenever, on every occasion that, as often as.—With imperf: dispersos, cum longius procederent, adoriebatur, Cs.: saepe, cum aliquem videret, etc., on seeing, N.: numquam est conspectus, cum veniret. — With pluperf: Cum cohortes ex acie procucurrissent, Numidae effugiebant, Cs.: qui cum in convivium venisset: quantum obfuit multis, cum fecissent, etc.—Describing a time named in the principal sentence, when, such that, in which: Si ullum fuit tempus quom ego fuerim, etc., T.: fuit antea tempus, cum Galli superarent, Cs.: vigesimo anno, cum tot praetores in provinciā fuissent: eodem anno, cum omnia infida essent, L.: biduum supererat, cum frumentum metiri oporteret, in which, Cs.: fuit cum arbitrarer, etc.: audivi cum diceret, etc.—    II. Meton., of identical actions, when, in that, by the fact that: Qui quom hunc accusant, Naevium accusant, T.: quae cum taces, nulla esse concedis: quod cum facit, iudicat, etc.: senatum intueri videor, cum te videor, L.: loco ille motus est, cum ex urbe est depulsus: quod cum dederis, illud dederis, ut, etc.: illa scelera, cum eius domum evertisti (which you committed) in uprooting: purgatio est cum factum conceditur, culpa removetur.—In hypothesis, assuming a fact, when, if: ad cuius fidem confugiet, cum per eius fidem laeditur, etc.—Contrary to fact, when, if, if at such a time: haec neque cum ego dicerem, neque cum tu negares, magni momenti nostra esset oratio: quod esset iudicium, cum tres... adsedissent?—Explaining a feeling, etc., that, because, for: Dis habeo gratiam, Quom adfuerunt liberae, T.: gratulor tibi, cum tantum vales. — As connective, correl. with tum, while, when; cum... tum, as... so, both... and, and besides, while... especially: Quom id mihi placebat, tum omnes bona dicere, T.: cum omnes eo convenerant, tum navium quod ubique fuerat coëgerant, Cs.: qui cum multa providit, tum quod te consulem non vidit: movit patres cum causa, tum auctor, L.—In the adverb. phrase cum maxime, with ellips. of predicate, in the highest degree, most: hanc Amabat, ut quom maxime, tum Pamphilus, as much as ever, T.: ea, quae fiunt cum maxime, i. e. at this very moment: sed cum maxime tamen hoc significabat, precisely this: quae multos iam annos, et nunc cum maxime, cupit.—    III. Praegn., giving a cause or reason (cum causale), when, since, because, inasmuch as, seeing that, in that, in view of the fact that: haud invito sermo mi accessit tuos, Quom... intellego, T.: Deos quaeso ut sit superstes, Quom veritust facere, etc., T.: an pater familiarissimis suscensuit, cum Sullam laudarent? for praising: quae cum ita sint, videamus, etc.: cum longinqua instet militia, commeatum do, L.: cum tanta multitudo tela conicerent, potestas erat, etc., Cs.: cum esset egens, coepit, etc.: Caesar cum constituisset hiemare in continenti, obsides imperat, Cs.—So often nunc cum, now that, since in fact: nunc vero cum sit unus Pompeius.—Often with praesertim, especially since, more than all when: nam puerum non tollent... Praesertim quom sit, etc., T.: cum praesertim vos aliam miseritis.—With quippe, since evidently, since of course: nihil est virtute amabilius... quippe cum propter virtutem diligamus, etc. — In contrasts, when, while, whereas, while on the contrary, and yet (cum adversativum): finem faciam dicundi, quom ipse finem non facit? T.: quo tandem ore mentionem facitis... cum fateamini, etc.: cum maximis eum rebus liberares... culpam relinquebas: simulat se confiteri, cum interea aliud machinetur.—In concessions, when, although, notwithstanding (cum concessivum): nil quom est, nil defit tamen, T.: pecuniam facere cum posset, non statuit: cum aquae vim vehat ingentem (Druentia), non tamen navium patiens est, L.: patrem meum, cum proscriptus non esset, ingulastis: quam causam dixerat, cum annos ad quinquaginta natus esset?

    Latin-English dictionary > cum or (earlier) quom (not quum)

  • 91 dubitō

        dubitō āvī, ātus, āre, freq.    [dubius], to waver in opinion, be uncertain, be in doubt, be perplexed, doubt, question: ut iam liceat non dubitantem dicere: de indicando: de quā (legione) non dubitaret, had full confidence, Cs.: de armis dubitatum est: si dubitatum est, utrum, etc., L.: haec non turpe est dubitare philosophos: Hoc quis dubitet? O.: si quod illorum dubitabitur: res minime dubitanda: dubitati tecta parentis, O.: qualis sit futurus (eventus belli), Cs.: quid fecerit: honestumne factu sit an turpe: Recte necne, etc., H.: si dubitet an turpe non sit, inclines to think: dubito an hunc primum ponam, perhaps, N.: an dea sim, dubitor, O.: non dubitat, quin sit Troia peritura, has no doubt: neque dubitare, quin libertatem sint erepturi, Cs.: qui potest dubitari, quin, etc.: non dubito, fore plerosque qui, etc., N.: haud dubitans Romanos abituros, L.: aut vincere aut, si fortuna dubitabit, etc., waver, L.— To deliberate, consider, ponder: dubitate quid agatis: restat ut hoc dubitemus, uter, etc.: percipe Quid dubitem, meditate, V.: an sontīs mergeret, O.— To waver, be irresolute, hesitate, delay: illi nubere, S.: omnia ventre metiri: transire flumen, Cs.: haud dubitans, without hesitation: eos hostīs appellare dubitamus?: non dubitaturus quin cederet: tum dubitandum non existimavit, quin proficisceretur, Cs.: quid dubitas? Cs.: perterritis ac dubitantibus ceteris, S.: nec res dubitare remittit, O.
    * * *
    dubitare, dubitavi, dubitatus V
    doubt; deliberate; hesitate (over); be uncertain/irresolute

    Latin-English dictionary > dubitō

  • 92 quod

        quod adv. and conj.    [ acc n. of 1 qui].    I. As adv., in respect of which, as to what, in what, wherein: quod me accusat, sum extra noxiam, T.: siquid est Quod meā operā opus sit vobis, T.—After est or habeo, introducing that for which reason is given: in viam quod te des, nihil est, there is no necessity for you to, etc.: magis est quod gratuler tibi quam quod te rogem, I have more reason to congratulate, etc.: non est quod multa loquamur, we need not, H.— As to what, in so far as, to the extent that: Epicurus nunc, quod sciam, est ausus, etc.: homo, quod iuvet, curiosus.—In transitions, with a conj. or relat., in view of which, and in fact, but, and yet, accordingly, therefore, now: Quod si ego rescivissem id prius, and had I, etc., T.: tyranni coluntur... quod si forte ceciderant, tum, etc.: quod si regum virtus in pace valeret, S.: quod nisi pugnassem: quod nisi mihi hoc venisset in mentem: quod ut o potius formidine falsā Ludar, V.    II. As conj, that, in that: Quid est quod laetus es? i. e. why are you merry, T.: quid istuc est, quod te audio Nescio quid concertasse, etc., what means it, that? etc., T.: quanta est benignitas naturae, quod tam multa gignit: hoc uno praestamus feris, quod conloquimur, etc.: erat illud absurdum, quod non intellegebat: Sin autem pro eo, quod summa res p. temptatur, etc., in view of the fact that, etc.: ad id, quod sua quemque mala cogebant, evocati, etc., aside from the fact that, etc., L. — That, because, since, for: quod viris fortibus honos habitus est, laudo: gaudeo, quod te interpel<*>o: tibi ago gratias, quod me liberas: quod spiratis, indignantur, L.: doluisse se, quod populi R. beneficium sibi extorqueretur, Cs.: falso queritur genus humanum, quod regatur, etc., S.: laudat Africanum, quod fuerit abstinens.—After verbs of saying or omitting, that, the fact that, the remark that, to say that: non tibi obicio, quod hominem spoliasti: accedit, quod delectatur, besides, he takes pleasure: adicite ad haec, quod foedus dedimus, L.: Adde, quod didicisse artīs Emollit mores, O.: pauca loquitur, quod sibi gratia relata non sit, Cs.: ne hoc quidem (dictum est), quod Taurum ipse transisti?: nox testis, quod nequeam lacrimas perferre parentis, V.—Introducing an explanation, in that: commemorat beneficia... quod venerat, etc., Cs.: bene facis, quod me adiuvas, in helping me: fecit humaniter, quod ad me venit: prudenter Romanus fecit, quod abstitit incepto, L.—Introducing a fact for comment, as to the fact that, as respects this that: Tu quod te posterius purges... huius non faciam, T.: quod vero securi percussit filium, videtur, etc.: quod ius civile amplexus es, video quid egeris: respondit; quod castra movisset, persuasum, etc., Cs.; cf. quod sit (Aurora) spectabilis... ego Procrin amabam, i. e. though Aurora be (called) beautiful... I was in love with Procris, O.—Introducing an exception, that, as far as: omnes mihi labores fuere leves, Praeter quam tui carendum quod erat, save that, T.: haec honesta, praeterquam quod nosmet ipsos diligamus, esse expetenda: adverso rumore esse, superquam quod male pugnaverat, not to mention that, L.: Excepto quod, etc., H.: memento te omnia probare, nisi quod verbis aliter utamur: pestilentia incesserat pari clade in Romanos Poenosque, nisi quod fames, etc., L.: tantum quod hominem non nominat, save that.—Introducing a reason (as real), because, since, for, that: idcirco arcessor, quod sensit, etc., T.: filium suum, quod pugnaverat, necari iussit, S.: omnīs (morbos) eā re suscipi, quod ita videatur, etc.: ne me ideo ornes, Quod timui, etc., H.: haec a custodiis loca vocabant, quod non auderent, etc., Cs.: me accusas, non quod tuis rationibus non adsentior, sed quod nullis: magis, quia imperium factum est, quam quod deminutum quicquam sit, L.: Propterea quod amat filius, T.: haec dicta sunt ob eam causam, quod, etc.
    * * *
    I II
    because, as far as, insofar as

    Latin-English dictionary > quod

  • 93 sum

        sum (2d pers. es, or old ēs; old subj praes. siem, siēs, siet, sient, for sim, etc., T.; fuat for sit, T., V., L.; imperf. often forem, forēs, foret, forent, for essem, etc.; fut. escunt for erunt, C.), fuī (fūvimus for fuimus, Enn. ap. C.), futūrus ( inf fut. fore or futūrum esse, C.), esse    [ES-; FEV-]. —    I. As a predicate, asserting existence, to be, exist, live: ut id aut esse dicamus aut non esse: flumen est Arar, quod, etc., Cs.: homo nequissimus omnium qui sunt, qui fuerunt: arbitrari, me nusquam aut nullum fore: fuimus Troes, fuit Ilium, V.—Of place, to be, be present, be found, stay, live: cum non liceret Romae quemquam esse: cum essemus in castris: deinceps in lege est, ut, etc.: erat nemo, quicum essem libentius quam tecum: sub uno tecto esse, L.—Of circumstances or condition, to be, be found, be situated, be placed: Sive erit in Tyriis, Tyrios laudabis amictūs, i. e. is attired, O.: in servitute: in magno nomine et gloriā: in vitio: Hic in noxiāst, T.: in pace, L.: (statua) est et fuit totā Graeciā summo honore: ego sum spe bonā: rem illam suo periculo esse, at his own risk: omnem reliquam spem in impetu esse equitum, L.—In 3 d pers., followed by a pron rel., there is (that) which, there are (persons) who, there are (things) which, some.—With indic. (the subject conceived as definite): est quod me transire oportet, there is a (certain) reason why I must, etc., T.: sunt item quae appellantur alces, there are creatures also, which, etc., Cs.: sunt qui putant posse te non decedere, some think: Sunt quibus in satirā videor nimis acer, H.—With subj. (so usu. in prose, and always with a subject conceived as indefinite): sunt, qui putent esse mortem... sunt qui censeant, etc.: est isdem de rebus quod dici possit subtilius: sunt qui Crustis et pomis viduas venentur avaras, H.—With dat, to belong, pertain, be possessed, be ascribed: fingeret fallacias, Unde esset adulescenti amicae quod daret, by which the youth might have something to give, T.: est igitur homini cum deo similitudo, man has some resemblance: Privatus illis census erat brevis, H.: Troia et huic loco nomen est, L.—Ellipt.: Nec rubor est emisse palam (sc. ei), nor is she ashamed, O.: Neque testimoni dictio est (sc. servo), has no right to be a witness, T.—With cum and abl of person, to have to do with, be connected with: tecum nihil rei nobis est, we have nothing to do with you, T.: si mihi tecum minus esset, quam est cum tuis omnibus.—With ab and abl of person, to be of, be the servant of, follow, adhere to, favor, side with: Ab Andriā est ancilla haec, T.: sed vide ne hoc, Scaevola, totum sit a me, makes for me.— With pro, to be in favor of, make for: (iudicia) partim nihil contra Habitum valere, partim etiam pro hoc esse.—With ex, to consist of, be made up of: (creticus) qui est ex longā et brevi et longā: duo extremi chorei sunt, id est, e singulis longis et brevibus.— To be real, be true, be a fact, be the case, be so: sunt ista, Laeli: est ut dicis, inquam: verum esto: esto, granted, V.—Esp. in phrases, est ut, it is the case that, is true that, is possible that, there is reason for: sin est, ut velis Manere illam apud te, T.: est, ut id maxime deceat: futurum esse ut omnes pellerentur, Cs.: magis est ut ipse moleste ferat errasse se, quam ut reformidet, etc., i. e. he has more reason for being troubled... than for dreading, etc.: ille erat ut odisset defensorem, etc., he certainly did hate.—In eo esse ut, etc., to be in a condition to, be possible that, be about to, be on the point of ( impers. or with indef subj.): cum iam in eo esset, ut in muros evaderet miles, when the soldiers were on the point of scaling, L.: cum res non in eo essent ut, etc., L.—Est ubi, there is a time when, sometimes: est, ubi id isto modo valeat.—Est quod, there is reason to, is occasion to: etsi magis est, quod gratuler tibi, quam quod te rogem, I have more reason to: est quod referam ad consilium: sin, etc., L.: non est quod multa loquamur, H.—Est cur, there is reason why: quid erat cur Milo optaret, etc., what cause had Milo for wishing? etc.—With inf, it is possible, is allowed, is permitted, one may: Est quādam prodire tenus, si non datur ultra, H.: scire est liberum Ingenium atque animum, T.: neque est te fallere quicquam, V.: quae verbo obiecta, verbo negare sit, L.: est videre argentea vasa, Ta.: fuerit mihi eguisse aliquando tuae amicitiae, S.—Of events, to be, happen, occur, befall, take place: illa (solis defectio) quae fuit regnante Romulo: Amabo, quid tibi est? T.: quid, si... futurum nobis est? L.— To come, fall, reach, be brought, have arrived: ex eo tempore res esse in vadimonium coepit: quae ne in potestatem quidem populi R. esset, L.—    II. As a copula, to be: et praeclara res est et sumus otiosi: non sum ita hebes, ut istud dicam: Nos numerus sumus, a mere number, H.: sic, inquit, est: est ut dicis: frustra id inceptum Volscis fuit, L.: cum in convivio comiter et iucunde fuisses: quod in maritimis facillime sum, am very glad to be.—With gen part., to be of, belong to: qui eiusdem civitatis fuit, N.: qui Romanae partis erant, L.: ut aut amicorum aut inimicorum Campani simus, L.— With gen possess., to belong to, pertain to, be of, be the part of, be peculiar to, be characteristic of, be the duty of: audiant eos, quorum summa est auctoritas apud, etc., who possess: ea ut civitatis Rhodiorum essent, L.: Aemilius, cuius tum fasces erant, L.: plebs novarum rerum atque Hannibalis tota esse, were devoted to, L.: negavit moris esse Graecorum, ut, etc.—With pron possess.: est tuum, Cato, videre quid agatur: fuit meum quidem iam pridem rem p. lugere.—With gerundive: quae res evertendae rei p. solerent esse, which were the usual causes of ruin to the state: qui utilia ferrent, quaeque aequandae libertatis essent, L.— With gen. or abl. of quality, to be of, be possessed of, be characterized by, belong to, have, exercise: nimium me timidum, nullius consili fuisse confiteor: Sulla gentis patriciae nobilis fuit, S.: civitas magnae auctoritatis, Cs.: refer, Cuius fortunae (sit), H.: nec magni certaminis ea dimicatio fuit, L.: bellum variā victoriā fuit, S.: tenuissimā valetudine esse, Cs.: qui capite et superciliis semper est rasis.—With gen. or abl. of price or value, to be of, be valued at, stand at, be appreciated, cost: videtur esse quantivis preti, T.: ager nunc multo pluris est, quam tunc fuit: magni erunt mihi tuae litterae: sextante sal et Romae et per totam Italiam erat, was worth, L.—With dat predic., to express definition or purpose, to serve for, be taken as, be regarded as, be felt to be: vitam hanc rusticam tu probro et crimini putas esse oportere, ought to be regarded as: eo natus sum ut Iugurthae scelerum ostentui essem, S.: ipsa res ad levandam annonam impedimento fuerat, L.—With second dat of pers.: quo magis quae agis curae sunt mihi, T.: illud Cassianum, ‘cui bono fuerit,’ the inquiry of Cassius, ‘ for whose benefit was it ’: haec tam parva civitas praedae tibi et quaestui fuit.— To be sufficient for, be equal to, be fit: sciant patribus aeque curae fuisse, ne, etc., L.: ut divites conferrent, qui oneri ferendo essent, such as were able to bear the burden, L.: cum solvendo aere (old dat. for aeri) alieno res p. non esset, L.—With ellips. of aeri: tu nec solvendo eras, wast unable to pay.—With ad, to be of use for, serve for: res quae sunt ad incendia, Cs.: valvae, quae olim ad ornandum templum erant maxime.—With de, to be of, treat concerning, relate to: liber, qui est de animo.—In the phrase, id est, or hoc est, in explanations, that is, that is to say, I mean: sed domum redeamus, id est ad nostros revertamur: vos autem, hoc est populus R., etc., S.
    * * *
    highest, the top of; greatest; last; the end of

    Latin-English dictionary > sum

  • 94 ut

       ut conj.    [1 ut], with subj.—Of effect or result, that, so that: prior pars orationis tuae faciebat ut mori cuperem: di prohibeant, iudices, ut hoc praesidium sectorum existimetur: Dumnorix a Sequanis impetrat ut per finīs suos Helvetios ire patiantur, Cs.: quid adsequitur, nisi hoc ut arent qui... in agris remanserunt, what does he gain: vicerunt tribuni ut legem preferrent, L.: ille adduci non potest ut, etc.: impellit alios avaritia ut, etc., Cs.: eos deduxi testīs ut de istius facto dubium esse nemini possit: mons altissimus impendebat, ut perpauci prohibere possent, Cs.: non ita fracti animi civitatis erant, ut non sentirent, etc., as not to feel, L.—In thought, that, so that, to (esp. after verbs of wishing, commanding, or endeavoring): volo uti mihi respondeas, num quis, etc., I wish you to answer: tibi instat Hortensius ut eas in consilium: Ut illum di deaeque perdant, T.: censeo ut iter reliquum conficere pergas, I propose: obsides inter se dent, Sequani ne... Helvetii ut sine maleficio transeant, Cs.: constitueram ut manerem: paciscitur cum principibus ut copias inde abducant, L.: edicere ut senatus redriet: ille tibi potestatem facturus sit ut eligas utrum velis: qui sibi hoc sumpsit ut conrigat mores aliorum, who has undertaken to correct: navem idoneam ut habeas diligenter videbis, care: omnis spes eo versa ut totis viribus terrā adgrederentur, L.: satis esse magna incommoda accepta ut reliquos casūs timerent, disasters great enough to make them fear, etc., Cs.: quod praeceptum, quia maius erat quam ut ab homine videretur, etc., too great to be from man: clarior res erat quam ut tegi posset, too clear to be covered up, L. —Of definition (conceived as the result of its antecedent, expressed or implied), that: reliquum est ut de Catuli sententiā dicendum videatur: proximum est ut doceam, etc.: consentaneum est huic naturae, ut sapiens velit gerere et administrare rem p.: non est verisimile ut Chrysogonus horum litteras adamarit: vetus est lex amicitiae ut idem amici semper velint: primum est officium ut (homo) se couservet: est mos hominum ut nolint, etc.: potest fieri ut res verbosior haec fuerit, illa verior, it may be that: pater ut in iudicio capitis obesse filio debeat?: ex quo efficitur ut quidquid honestum sit, idem sit utile, it is proved that, etc.: non est igitur ut mirandum sit ea praesentiri, there is no reason to wonder: iam in eo rem fore ut Romani aut hostes aut domini habendi sint, the situation would be such, that, etc., L.: iam prope erat ut, etc., it was almost come to such a pass, that, etc., L.: cum esset haec ei proposita condicio ut aut iuste accusaret aut acerbe moreretur, etc.: Suevi in eam se consuetudinem adduxerunt, ut locis frigidissimis lavarentur in fluminibus, Cs.: hoc iure sunt socii ut eis ne deplorare quidem de suis incommodis liceat: ne voce quidem incommodā, nedum ut ulla vis fieret, paulatim permulcendo mansuefecerant plebem (i. e. nedum ullā vi), L.—In final clauses (of purpose), that, in order that, for the purpose of, so that, so as to: haec acta res est ut ei nobiles restituerentur in civitatem: Caesar singulis legionibus singulos legatos praefecit, uti eos testes suae quisque virtutis haberet, Cs.; cf. Id ut ne fiat, haec res sola est remedio, T.: consensus senatūs fuit ut proficisceremur: vicit sententia ut mitterentur coloni, L.: ha<*> mente laborem Sese ferre senes ut in otia tuta recedant Aiunt, H.: potius ad delendam memoriam dedecoris, quam ut timorem faciat, L.— After a subst: morandi causa erat ut hostem ad certamen eliceret, L.: causa autem fuit huc veniendi, ut quosdam hinc libros promerem.—Ellipt.: ut in pauca conferam, testamento facto mulier moritur (sc. hoc dico), to be brief, etc.: et, vere ut dicam, de te futurum est, to tell the truth: Murena, si nemini, ut levissime dicam, odio fuit, to say the least.
    * * *
    to (+ subj), in order that/to; how, as, when, while; even if

    Latin-English dictionary > ut

  • 95 volō

        volō (2d pers. vīs, 3d pers. volt or vult, plur. volumus, voltis or vultis, volunt; vīn for vīsne, T., H.; sīs for sī vīs, T., C., L.), voluī, velle    [1 VOL-], to will, wish, want, purpose, be minded, determine: Nolo volo, volo nolo rursum, I won't I will, I will I won't again, T.: Nolunt ubi velis, ubi nolis cupiunt ultro, T.: quis est cui velle non liceat? who is not free to wish?: sed ego hoc ipsum velle miserius esse duco quam, etc., i. e. that very ambition: inest velle in carendo, wanting includes wishing: ait rem seriam Velle agere mecum, T.: quod eas quoque nationes adire volebat, Cs.: si haec relinquere voltis, S.: cuicunque nocere volebat, Vestimenta dabat, H.: quid arbitramini Rheginos merere velle ut Venus illa auferatur? would take for, etc.: Fabula quae posci volt et spectata reponi, i. e. which is meant to be in demand, etc., H.: sed licere, si velint, in Ubiorum finibus considere, Cs.: daret utrum vellet, subclamatum est, L.; cf. volo Dolabellae valde desideranti, non reperio quid, i. e. to dedicate some book: neminem notā strenui aut ignavi militis notasse volui, I have decided to mark no one, etc., L.: Sunt delicta quibus ignovisse velimus, i. e. which should be pardoned, H.: edicta mitti ne quis... coisse aut convenisse causā sacrorum velit, L.; cf. Interdico, ne extulisse extra aedīs puerum usquam velis, T.: Oscula praecipue nulla dedisse velis (i. e. noli dare), O.: nostri... leges et iura tecta esse volue<*>unt: sociis maxime lex consultum esse volt: Id nunc res indicium haec facit, quo pacto factum volueris, shows why you wished it to be done, T.: Hannibal non Capuam neglectam volebat, L.: liberis consultum volumus propter ipsos: scin' quid nunc facere te volo? T.: vim volumus exstingui: qui salvam rem p. vellent esse, L.: si vis me flere, H.: qui se ex his minus timidos existimari volebant, Cs.: si me vivom vis, pater, Ignosce, if you wish me to live, T.: soli sunt qui te salvum velint: regnari tamen omnes volebant, that there should be a king, L.: mihi volo ignosci, I wish to be pardoned: quid vis, nisi ut maneat Phanium? T.: velim ut tibi amicus sit: Ducas volo hodie uxorem, T.: volo etiam exquiras quid Lentulus agat?: nullam ego rem umquam in vitā meā Volui quin, etc., I never had any wish in my life, etc., T.: (dixit) velle Hispaniam, he wanted Spain (as a province): nummos volo, I want the money: si amplius obsidum vellet, dare pollicentur, Cs.: pacem etiam qui vincere possunt, volunt, L.: quorum isti neutrum volunt, acknowledge neither: voluimus quaedam, we aspired to certain things: si plura velim, if I wished for more, H.—With acc. of person, to call for, demand, want, wish, desire: Quis me volt? T.: Centuriones trium cohortium me velle postridie: Sosia, Adesdum, paucis te volo (sc. verbis), I want a few words with you, T.: quam volui nota fit arte meā, she whom I love, O.: illam velle uxorem, to want her for a wife, T.—With acc. of person and thing, to want... of, require... from: Num quid aliud me vis? T.: si quid ille se velit, etc., Cs.—With dat. of person for whom a wish is expressed: Praesidium velle se senectuti suae, wants a guard for his old age, T.: nihil est mali quod illa non filio voluerit, she wished her son every misfortune.—Esp., with bene or male: tibi bene ex animo volo, I heartily wish you well, T.: qui mihi male volunt, my enemies, T. —With causā and gen. of person, to be interested in, be concerned for, be well disposed to: te ipsius causā vehementer omnia velle, heartily wish him all success; cf. qui nostrā causā volunt, our friends. —With subj., in softened expressions of desire or command: ego quae in rem tuam sint, ea velim facias (i. e. fac), T.: eum salvere iubeas velim, please salute him: velim mihi ignoscas, I beg your pardon: haec pro causā meā dicta accipiatis velim, L.: Musa velim memores, etc., H.: de Menedemo vellem verum fuisset, I wish it had been true: vellem equidem idem posse gloriari quod Cyrus, I wish I could, etc.; cf. Tum equidem istuc os tuum inpudens videre nimium vellem! I wish I could have seen, etc., T.: Abiit, vah! rogasse vellem, I wish I had asked him, T.: Et vellem, et fuerat melius, V.: vellem tum tu adesses, I wish you could be present: vellem Idibus Martiis me ad cenam invitasses, I wish you had invited, etc.: de tuis velim ut eo sis animo, quo debes esse: quod faxitis, deos velim fortunare, L.: virum me natum vellem, would I had been born a man, T.: Nunc mihi... Vellem, Maeonide, pectus inesse tuum, O.: Te super aetherias errare licentius auras Haud pater ille velit, etc., i. e. volt, V.: velim scire ecquid de te recordere: sed multitudo ea quid animorum... habeat scire velim, L.: nec velim (imitari, etc.) si possim: trīs eos libros maxime nunc vellem, I would like to have.—In concessive phrases with quam, however, however much: quod illa, quam velit sit potens, numquam impetravisset (i. e. quamvis sit potens), however powerful she may be: exspectate facinus quam voltis improbum, never so wicked: quam volent in conviviis faceti sint.—Parenthet., in the phrase, sī vīs (contracted sīs; colloq.), if you please, if you will: paulum opperirier, Si vis, T.: dic, si vis, de quo disputari velis: addam, si vis, animi, etc., if you will.—To intend, purpose, mean, design, be minded, be about: Puerumque clam voluit exstinguere, T.: hostis hostem occidere volui, L.: at etiam eo negotio M. Catonis splendorem maculare voluerunt, it was their purpose: rem Nolanam in ius dicionemque dare voluerat Poeno, L.: idem istuc, si in vilitate largiri voluisses, derisum tuum beneficium esset, if you had offered to grant the same thing during low prices, etc.: sine me pervenire quo volo, let me come to my point, T.: scripsi, quem ad modum quidem volui, etc., as I intended: ego istos posse vincere scio, velle ne scirem ipsi fecerunt, L.: quae ipsi qui scripserunt voluerunt volgo intellegi, meant to be understood by all.—To try, endeavor, attempt, aim: quas (i. e. magnas res) qui impedire volt, is et infirmus est mollisque naturā, et, etc.: audes Fatidicum fallere velle deum? do you dare attempt? O.: His respondere voluit, non lacessere, meant to answer, not to provoke, T.: quid aliud volui dicere? did I mean to say, T.: ait se velle de illis HS LXXX cognoscere, that he meant, i. e. was about: sed plane quid velit nescio.—To resolve, conclude, determine, require: uti tamen tuo consilio volui, concluded to follow your advice: Siculi... me defensorem calamitatum suarum... esse voluerunt: si a me causam hanc vos (iudices) agi volueritis, if you resolve.—Ellipt.: veremur quidem vos, Romani, et, si ita voltis, etiam timemus, L.: cadentque vocabula, si volet usus (i. e. ea cadere), H.—To be willing, be ready, consent, like, acquiesce: ei laxiorem diem daturos, si venire ad causam dicendam vellet, L.: qui se ait philosophari velle, that he liked philosophizing: Patri dic velle, that you consent (sc. uxorem ducere), T.: cum alter verum audire non volt, refuses: obtinuere ut (tribuni) tribuniciae potestatis virīs salubrīs vellent rei p. esse, to permit the tribunitian power to be useful to the republic, L.: cum P. Attio agebant ne suā pertinaciā omnium fortunas perturbari vellet, Cs.: duodecim tabulae furem interfici inpune voluerunt.—To do voluntarily, act intentionally: si voluit accusare, pietati tribuo; si iussus est, necessitati, if he accused of his own free will: (quaeritur) sitne oratoris risum velle movere, on purpose; cf. tu selige tantum, Me quoque velle velis, anne coactus amem, O.—To be of opinion, imagine, consider, think, mean, pretend, claim, hold, assert, assume: ergo ego, inimicus, si ita voltis, homini, amicus esse rei p. debeo: erat Mars alter, ut isti volunt, L.: isto ipso in genere in quo aliquid posse vis, in which you imagine you have some influence: in hoc homo luteus etiam callidus ac veterator esse volt, pretends to be: est genus hominum qui esse primos se omnium rerum volunt, Nec sunt, T.: si quis—quod illi volunt invidiosius esse—Claudius diceret, L.: voltis, nihil esse in naturā praeter ignem: si tam familiaris erat Clodiae quam tu esse vis, as you say he is: quae ego vellem non esse oratoris, what I claimed to be beyond the orator's province: restat ut omnes unum velint, are of one opinion: bis sumpsit quod voluit, i. e. begged the question.—In interrog. clause with quid, to mean, signify, intend to say, mean to express: sed tamen intellego quid velit: quid tibi vis? what do you mean by all this? T.: pro deum fidem, quid vobis voltis? L.: quid sibi vellet (Caesar)? cur in suas possessiones veniret? Cs.: avaritia senilis quid sibi velit, non intellego, what is the meaning of the phrase: tacitae quid volt sibi noctis imago? O.—With weakened force, as an auxiliary, or in periphrasis, will, shall: illa enim (ars) te, verum si loqui volumus, ornaverat: eius me compotem facere potestis, si meminisse voltis, etc., L.: Vis tu urbem feris praeponere silvis? will you prefer, etc., H.: tu tantum fida sorori Esse velis, i. e. fida sis, O.: si id confiteri velim, tamen istum condemnetis necesse est, if I should acknowledge: si quis velit ita dicere... nihil dicat, chooses to say, etc.: quā re oratos vos omnīs volo Ne, etc., T.: Esse salutatum volt te mea littera primum, O.—Redundant after noli or nolite: nolite, iudices, hunc velle maturius exstingui volnere vestro quam suo fato, do not resolve.—Of expressions of authority, to determine, resolvē, decree, demand, require, enact: utrum populus R. eum (honorem) cui velit, deferat: senatus te voluit mihi nummos dare: exercitūs quos contra se aluerint velle dimitti, Cs.: quid fieri velit praecipit, gives his orders, Cs.: sacra Cereris summā maiores nostri religione confici voluerunt, i. e. established the custom of celebrating: nostri maiores... insui voluerunt in culeum vivos, etc., made a law, that, etc.: Corinthum exstinctum esse voluerunt, should be (and remain) destroyed: volo ut mihi respondeas, I require you to answer: nuntia Romanis, Caelestes ita velle, ut Roma caput terrarum sit, L. —Esp., in the formula of asking a vote upon a law or decree: novos consules ita cum Samnite gerere bellum velitis, ut omnia ante nos bella gesta sunt, L.: plebes sic iussit—quod senatus... censeat, id volumus iubemusque, L.—To choose rather, prefer: a multis (studiis) eligere commodissimum quodque, quam sese uni alicui velle addicere: malae rei quam nullius duces esse volunt, L.
    * * *
    I
    velle, volui, - V
    wish, want, prefer; be willing, will
    II
    volare, volavi, volatus V
    III
    volunteers (pl.); (in the Second Punic War)

    Latin-English dictionary > volō

  • 96 consido

    I
    considere, consedi, consessus V INTRANS
    sit down/be seated; hold sessions, sit (judge), try; alight; subside/sink (in); encamp/bivouac; take up a position; stop/stay, make one's home, settle; lodge
    II
    considere, considi, consessus V INTRANS
    sit down/be seated; hold sessions, sit (judge), try; alight; subside/sink (in); encamp/bivouac; take up a position; stop/stay, make one's home, settle; lodge

    Latin-English dictionary > consido

  • 97 ab

    ăb, ā, abs, prep. with abl. This IndoEuropean particle (Sanscr. apa or ava, Etr. av, Gr. upo, Goth. af, Old Germ. aba, New Germ. ab, Engl. of, off) has in Latin the following forms: ap, af, ab (av), au-, a, a; aps, abs, as-. The existence of the oldest form, ap, is proved by the oldest and best MSS. analogous to the prep. apud, the Sanscr. api, and Gr. epi, and by the weakened form af, which, by the rule of historical grammar and the nature of the Latin letter f, can be derived only from ap, not from ab. The form af, weakened from ap, also very soon became obsolete. There are but five examples of it in inscriptions, at the end of the sixth and in the course of the seventh century B. C., viz.:

    AF VOBEIS,

    Inscr. Orell. 3114;

    AF MVRO,

    ib. 6601;

    AF CAPVA,

    ib. 3308;

    AF SOLO,

    ib. 589;

    AF LYCO,

    ib. 3036 ( afuolunt =avolant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Mull., is only a conjecture). In the time of Cicero this form was regarded as archaic, and only here and there used in account-books; v. Cic. Or. 47, 158 (where the correct reading is af, not abs or ab), and cf. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 7 sq.—The second form of this preposition, changed from ap, was ab, which has become the principal form and the one most generally used through all periods—and indeed the only oue used before all vowels and h; here and there also before some consonants, particularly l, n, r, and s; rarely before c, j, d, t; and almost never before the labials p, b, f, v, or before m, such examples as ab Massiliensibus, Caes. B. C. 1, 35, being of the most rare occurrence.—By changing the b of ab through v into u, the form au originated, which was in use only in the two compounds aufero and aufugio for abfero, ab-fugio; aufuisse for afuisse, in Cod. Medic. of Tac. A. 12, 17, is altogether unusual. Finally, by dropping the b of ab, and lengthening the a, ab was changed into a, which form, together with ab, predominated through all periods of the Latin language, and took its place before all consonants in the later years of Cicero, and after him almoet exclusively.—By dropping the b without lengthening the a, ab occurs in the form a- in the two compounds a-bio and a-perio, q. v.—On the other hand, instead of reducing ap to a and a, a strengthened collateral form, aps, was made by adding to ap the letter s (also used in particles, as in ex, mox, vix). From the first, aps was used only before the letters c, q, t, and was very soon changed into abs (as ap into ab):

    abs chorago,

    Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 79 (159 Ritschl):

    abs quivis,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 1:

    abs terra,

    Cato, R. R. 51;

    and in compounds: aps-cessero,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 24 (625 R.); id. ib. 3, 2, 84 (710 R): abs-condo, abs-que, abs-tineo, etc. The use of abs was confined almost exclusively to the combination abs te during the whole ante-classic period, and with Cicero till about the year 700 A. U. C. (=B. C. 54). After that time Cicero evidently hesitates between abs te and a te, but during the last five or six years of his life a te became predominant in all his writings, even in his letters; consequently abs te appears but rarely in later authors, as in Liv. 10, 19, 8; 26, 15, 12;

    and who, perhaps, also used abs conscendentibus,

    id. 28, 37, 2; v. Drakenb. ad. h. l. (Weissenb. ab).—Finally abs, in consequence of the following p, lost its b, and became ds- in the three compounds aspello, as-porto, and as-pernor (for asspernor); v. these words.—The late Lat. verb abbrevio may stand for adbrevio, the d of ad being assimilated to the following b.The fundamental signification of ab is departure from some fixed point (opp. to ad. which denotes motion to a point).
    I.
    In space, and,
    II.
    Fig., in time and other relations, in which the idea of departure from some point, as from source and origin, is included; Engl. from, away from, out of; down from; since, after; by, at, in, on, etc.
    I.
    Lit., in space: ab classe ad urbem tendunt, Att. ap. Non. 495, 22 (Trag. Rel. p. 177 Rib.):

    Caesar maturat ab urbe proficisci,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

    fuga ab urbe turpissima,

    Cic. Att. 7, 21:

    ducite ab urbe domum, ducite Daphnim,

    Verg. E. 8, 68. Cicero himself gives the difference between ab and ex thus: si qui mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus extra meum fundum et me introire prohibuerit, non ex eo, sed ab ( from, away from) eo loco me dejecerit....Unde dejecti Galli? A Capitolio. Unde, qui cum Graccho fucrunt? Ex Capitolio, etc., Cic. Caecin. 30, 87; cf. Diom. p. 408 P., and a similar distinction between ad and in under ad.—Ellipt.: Diogenes Alexandro roganti, ut diceret, si quid opus esset: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92. —Often joined with usque:

    illam (mulierem) usque a mari supero Romam proficisci,

    all the way from, Cic. Clu. 68, 192; v. usque, I.—And with ad, to denote the space passed over: siderum genus ab ortu ad occasum commeant, from... to, Cic. N. D. 2, 19 init.; cf. ab... in:

    venti a laevo latere in dextrum, ut sol, ambiunt,

    Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128.
    b.
    Sometimes with names of cities and small islands, or with domus (instead of the usual abl.), partie., in militnry and nautieal language, to denote the marching of soldiers, the setting out of a flcet, or the departure of the inhabitants from some place:

    oppidum ab Aenea fugiente a Troja conditum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33:

    quemadmodum (Caesar) a Gergovia discederet,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 43 fin.; so id. ib. 7, 80 fin.; Sall. J. 61; 82; 91; Liv. 2, 33, 6 al.; cf.:

    ab Arimino M. Antonium cum cohortibus quinque Arretium mittit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 11 fin.; and:

    protinus a Corfinio in Siciliam miserat,

    id. ib. 1, 25, 2:

    profecti a domo,

    Liv. 40, 33, 2;

    of setting sail: cum exercitus vestri numquam a Brundisio nisi hieme summa transmiserint,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 32; so id. Fam. 15, 3, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 23; 3, 24 fin.:

    classe qua advecti ab domo fuerant,

    Liv. 8, 22, 6;

    of citizens: interim ab Roma legatos venisse nuntiatum est,

    Liv. 21, 9, 3; cf.:

    legati ab Orico ad M. Valerium praetorem venerunt,

    id. 24, 40, 2.
    c.
    Sometimes with names of persons or with pronouns: pestem abige a me, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 50 Vahl.):

    Quasi ad adulescentem a patre ex Seleucia veniat,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; cf.:

    libertus a Fuflis cum litteris ad Hermippum venit,

    Cic. Fl. 20, 47:

    Nigidium a Domitio Capuam venisse,

    id. Att. 7, 24:

    cum a vobis discessero,

    id. Sen. 22:

    multa merces tibi defluat ab Jove Neptunoque,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 29 al. So often of a person instead of his house, lodging, etc.: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, from the father, i. e. from his house, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 6:

    so a fratre,

    id. Phorm. 5, 1, 5:

    a Pontio,

    Cic. Att. 5, 3 fin.:

    ab ea,

    Ter. And. 1, 3, 21; and so often: a me, a nobis, a se, etc., from my, our, his house, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 1, 7; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 50; Cic. Att. 4, 9, 1 al.
    B.
    Transf., without the idea of motion. To designate separation or distance, with the verbs abesse, distare, etc., and with the particles longe, procul, prope, etc.
    1.
    Of separation:

    ego te afuisse tam diu a nobis dolui,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 2:

    abesse a domo paulisper maluit,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:

    tum Brutus ab Roma aberat,

    Sall. C. 40, 5:

    absint lacerti ab stabulis,

    Verg. G. 4, 14.—
    2.
    Of distance:

    quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,

    Cic. Caecin. 10, 28; cf.:

    nos in castra properabamus, quae aberant bidui,

    id. Att. 5, 16 fin.; and:

    hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 43, 1:

    terrae ab hujusce terrae, quam nos incolimus, continuatione distantes,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164:

    non amplius pedum milibus duobus ab castris castra distabant,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 82, 3; cf. id. lb. 1, 3, 103.—With adverbs: annos multos longinque ab domo bellum gerentes, Enn. ap. Non. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 103 Vahl.):

    cum domus patris a foro longe abesset,

    Cic. Cael. 7, 18 fin.; cf.:

    qui fontes a quibusdam praesidiis aberant longius,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 49, 5:

    quae procul erant a conspectu imperii,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87; cf.:

    procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 17, 1; and:

    tu procul a patria Alpinas nives vides,

    Verg. E. 10, 46 (procul often also with simple abl.;

    v. procul): cum esset in Italia bellum tam prope a Sicilia, tamen in Sicilia non fuit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 6; cf.:

    tu apud socrum tuam prope a meis aedibus sedebas,

    id. Pis. 11, 26; and:

    tam prope ab domo detineri,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 6.—So in Caesar and Livy, with numerals to designate the measure of the distance:

    onerariae naves, quae ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo vento tenebatur,

    eight miles distant, Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 4; and without mentioning the terminus a quo: ad castra contenderunt, et ab milibus passunm minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off or distant, id. ib. 2, 7, 3; so id. ib. 2, 5, 32; 6, 7, 3; id. B. C. 1, 65; Liv. 38, 20, 2 (for which:

    duo milia fere et quingentos passus ab hoste posuerunt castra,

    id. 37, 38, 5). —
    3.
    To denote the side or direction from which an object is viewed in its local relations,=a parte, at, on, in: utrum hacin feriam an ab laeva latus? Enn. ap. Plaut. Cist. 3, 10 (Trag. v. 38 Vahl.); cf.:

    picus et cornix ab laeva, corvos, parra ab dextera consuadent,

    Plaut. As. 2, 1, 12: clamore ab ea parte audito. on this side, Caes. B. G. 3, 26, 4: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, id. ib. 1, 1, 5:

    pleraque Alpium ab Italia sicut breviora ita arrectiora sunt,

    on the Italian side, Liv. 21, 35, 11:

    non eadem diligentia ab decumuna porta castra munita,

    at the main entrance, Caes. B. G. 3, 25 fin.:

    erat a septentrionibus collis,

    on the north, id. ib. 7, 83, 2; so, ab oriente, a meridie, ab occasu; a fronte, a latere, a tergo, etc. (v. these words).
    II.
    Fig.
    A.
    In time.
    1.
    From a [p. 3] point of time, without reference to the period subsequently elapsed. After:

    Exul ab octava Marius bibit,

    Juv. 1,40:

    mulieres jam ab re divin[adot ] adparebunt domi,

    immediately after the sucrifice, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 4:

    Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:

    ab hac contione legati missi sunt,

    immediately after, Liv. 24, 22, 6; cf. id. 28, 33, 1; 40, 47, 8; 40, 49, 1 al.:

    ab eo magistratu,

    after this office, Sall. J. 63, 5:

    a summa spe novissima exspectabat,

    after the greatest hope, Tac. A. 6, 50 fin. —Strengthened by the adverbs primum, confestim, statim, protinus, or the adj. recens, immediately after, soon after:

    ut primum a tuo digressu Romam veni,

    Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4; so Suet. Tib. 68:

    confestim a proelio expugnatis hostium castris,

    Liv. 30, 36, 1:

    statim a funere,

    Suet. Caes. 85;

    and followed by statim: ab itinere statim,

    id. ib. 60:

    protinus ab adoptione,

    Vell. 2, 104, 3:

    Homerus qui recens ab illorum actate fuit,

    soon after their time, Cic. N. D. 3, 5; so Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 2; Verg. A. 6, 450 al. (v. also primum, confestim, etc.).—

    Sometimes with the name of a person or place, instead of an action: ibi mihi tuae litterae binae redditae sunt tertio abs te die,

    i. e. after their departure from you, Cic. Att. 5, 3, 1: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine Nov[adot ], i. e. after leaving (=postquam a Carthagine profecti sunt), Liv. 21, 38, 1:

    secundo Punico (bello) Scipionis classis XL. die a securi navigavit,

    i. e. after its having been built, Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192. —Hence the poct. expression: ab his, after this (cf. ek toutôn), i. e. after these words, hereupon, Ov. M. 3, 273; 4, 329; 8, 612; 9, 764.
    2.
    With reference to a subsequent period. From, since, after:

    ab hora tertia bibebatur,

    from the third hour, Cic. Phil. 2, 41:

    infinito ex tempore, non ut antea, ab Sulla et Pompeio consulibus,

    since the consulship of, id. Agr. 2, 21, 56:

    vixit ab omni aeternitate,

    from all eternity, id. Div. 1, 51, 115:

    cum quo a condiscipulatu vivebat conjunctissime,

    Nep. Att. 5, 3:

    in Lycia semper a terrae motu XL. dies serenos esse,

    after an earthquake, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211 al.:

    centesima lux est haec ab interitu P. Clodii,

    since the death of, Cic. Mil. 35, 98; cf.:

    cujus a morte quintus hic et tricesimus annus est,

    id. Sen. 6, 19; and:

    ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumiun annum,

    since, Sall. C. 47, 2:

    diebus triginta, a qua die materia caesa est,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 36.—Sometimes joined with usque and inde:

    quod augures omnes usque ab Romulo decreverunt,

    since the time of, Cic. Vat. 8, 20:

    jam inde ab infelici pugna ceciderant animi,

    from the very beginning of, Liv. 2, 65 fin. —Hence the adverbial expressions ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first; v. initium, principium, primus. Likewise ab integro, anew, afresh; v. integer.—Ab... ad, from (a time)... to:

    ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,

    Cic. Att. 7, 8, 4; cf.:

    cum ab hora septima ad vesperum pugnatum sit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 2; and:

    a quo tempore ad vos consules anni sunt septingenti octoginta unus,

    Vell. 1, 8, 4; and so in Plautus strengthened by usque:

    pugnata pugnast usque a mane ad vesperum,

    from morning to evening, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97; id. Most. 3, 1, 3; 3, 2, 80.—Rarely ab... in: Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie, from... till late in the day, Liv. 27, 2, 9; so Col. 2, 10, 17; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 2, 103, 106, § 229; 4, 12, 26, § 89.
    b.
    Particularly with nouns denoting a time of life:

    qui homo cum animo inde ab ineunte aetate depugnat suo,

    from an early age, from early youth, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 24; so Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44 al.:

    mihi magna cum co jam inde a pueritia fuit semper famillaritas,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9; so,

    a pueritia,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27 fin.; id. Fam. 5, 8, 4:

    jam inde ab adulescentia,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 16:

    ab adulescentia,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 1:

    jam a prima adulescentia,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:

    ab ineunte adulescentia,

    id. ib. 13, 21, 1; cf.

    followed by ad: usque ad hanc aetatem ab incunte adulescentia,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 20:

    a primis temporibus aetatis,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:

    a teneris unguiculis,

    from childhood, id. ib. 1, 6, 2:

    usque a toga pura,

    id. Att. 7, 8, 5:

    jam inde ab incunabulis,

    Liv. 4, 36, 5:

    a prima lanugine,

    Suet. Oth. 12:

    viridi ab aevo,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 17 al.;

    rarely of animals: ab infantia,

    Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 182.—Instead of the nom. abstr. very often (like the Greek ek paioôn, etc.) with concrete substantives: a pucro, ab adulescente, a parvis, etc., from childhood, etc.:

    qui olim a puero parvulo mihi paedagogus fuerat,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 90; so,

    a pausillo puero,

    id. Stich. 1, 3, 21:

    a puero,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 115; id. Fam. 13, 16, 4 (twice) al.:

    a pueris,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2 al.:

    ab adulescente,

    id. Quint. 3, 12:

    ab infante,

    Col. 1, 8, 2:

    a parva virgine,

    Cat. 66, 26 al. —Likewise and in the same sense with adject.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, Liv. 1, 39, 6 fin.; cf.:

    a parvis,

    Ter. And. 3, 3, 7; Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 9:

    a parvulo,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 8; id. Ad. 1, 1, 23; cf.:

    ab parvulis,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 3:

    ab tenero,

    Col. 5, 6, 20;

    and rarely of animals: (vacca) a bima aut trima fructum ferre incipit,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 13.
    B.
    In other relations in which the idea of going forth, proceeding, from something is included.
    1.
    In gen. to denote departure, separation, deterring, avoiding, intermitting, etc., or distance, difference, etc., of inanimate or abstract things. From: jus atque aecum se a malis spernit procul, Enn. ap. Non. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):

    suspitionem et culpam ut ab se segregent,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 42:

    qui discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18:

    hic ab artificio suo non recessit,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 20 al.:

    quod si exquiratur usque ab stirpe auctoritas,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 180:

    condicionem quam ab te peto,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 87; cf.:

    mercedem gloriae flagitas ab iis, quorum, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:

    si quid ab illo acceperis,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 90:

    quae (i. e. antiquitas) quo propius aberat ab ortu et divina progenie,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:

    ab defensione desistere,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 4:

    ne quod tempus ab opere intermitteretur,

    id. B. G. 7, 24, 2:

    ut homines adulescentis a dicendi studio deterream,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117, etc.—Of distance (in order, rank, mind, or feeling):

    qui quartus ab Arcesila fuit,

    the fourth in succession from, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 46:

    tu nunc eris alter ab illo,

    next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49; cf.:

    Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus,

    next in rank to, Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:

    quid hoc ab illo differt,

    from, Cic. Caecin. 14, 39; cf.:

    hominum vita tantum distat a victu et cultu bestiarum,

    id. Off. 2, 4, 15; and:

    discrepare ab aequitate sapientiam,

    id. Rep. 3, 9 fin. (v. the verbs differo, disto, discrepo, dissideo, dissentio, etc.):

    quae non aliena esse ducerem a dignitate,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 7:

    alieno a te animo fuit,

    id. Deiot. 9, 24 (v. alienus). —So the expression ab re (qs. aside from the matter, profit; cf. the opposite, in rem), contrary to one's profit, to a loss, disadvantageous (so in the affirmative very rare and only ante-class.):

    subdole ab re consulit,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12; cf. id. Capt. 2, 2, 88; more frequently and class. (but not with Cicero) in the negative, non, haud, ab re, not without advantage or profit, not useless or unprofitable, adcantageous:

    haut est ab re aucupis,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 71:

    non ab re esse Quinctii visum est,

    Liv. 35, 32, 6; so Plin. 27, 8, 35; 31, 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Dom. 11; Gell. 18, 14 fin.; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 31, 22 al. (but in Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 44, ab re means with respect to the money matter).
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To denote an agent from whom an action proceeds, or by whom a thing is done or takes place. By, and in archaic and solemn style, of. So most frequently with pass. or intrans. verbs with pass. signif., when the active object is or is considered as a living being: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro, Naev. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 67: injuria abs te afficior, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:

    a patre deductus ad Scaevolam,

    Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

    ut tamquam a praesentibus coram haberi sermo videretur,

    id. ib. 1, 3:

    disputata ab eo,

    id. ib. 1, 4 al.:

    illa (i. e. numerorum ac vocum vis) maxime a Graecia vetere celebrata,

    id. de Or. 3, 51, 197:

    ita generati a natura sumus,

    id. Off. 1, 29, 103; cf.:

    pars mundi damnata a rerum natura,

    Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 88:

    niagna adhibita cura est a providentia deorum,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 51 al. —With intrans. verbs:

    quae (i. e. anima) calescit ab eo spiritu,

    is warmed by this breath, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138; cf. Ov. M. 1, 417: (mare) qua a sole collucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105:

    salvebis a meo Cicerone,

    i. e. young Cicero sends his compliments to you, id. Att. 6, 2 fin.:

    a quibus (Atheniensibus) erat profectus,

    i. e. by whose command, Nep. Milt. 2, 3:

    ne vir ab hoste cadat,

    Ov. H. 9, 36 al. —A substantive or adjective often takes the place of the verb (so with de, q. v.):

    levior est plaga ab amico quam a debitore,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7; cf.:

    a bestiis ictus, morsus, impetus,

    id. Off. 2, 6, 19:

    si calor est a sole,

    id. N. D. 2, 52:

    ex iis a te verbis (for a te scriptis),

    id. Att. 16, 7, 5:

    metu poenae a Romanis,

    Liv. 32, 23, 9:

    bellum ingens a Volscis et Aequis,

    id. 3, 22, 2:

    ad exsolvendam fldem a consule,

    id. 27, 5, 6.—With an adj.:

    lassus ab equo indomito,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 10:

    Murus ab ingenic notior ille tuo,

    Prop. 5, 1, 126:

    tempus a nostris triste malis,

    time made sad by our misfortunes, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 36.—Different from per:

    vulgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus?

    by whom and upon whose orders? Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 80 (cf. id. ib. 34, 97: cujus consilio occisus sit, invenio; cujus manu sit percussus, non laboro); so,

    ab hoc destitutus per Thrasybulum (i. e. Thrasybulo auctore),

    Nep. Alc. 5, 4.—Ambiguity sometimes arises from the fact that the verb in the pass. would require ab if used in the active:

    si postulatur a populo,

    if the people demand it, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58, might also mean, if it is required of the people; on the contrary: quod ab eo (Lucullo) laus imperatoria non admodum exspectabatur, not since he did not expect military renown, but since they did not expect military renown from him, Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2, and so often; cf. Rudd. II. p. 213. (The use of the active dative, or dative of the agent, instead of ab with the pass., is well known, Zumpt, § 419. It is very seldom found in prose writers of the golden age of Roman liter.; with Cic. sometimes joined with the participles auditus, cognitus, constitutus, perspectus, provisus, susceptus; cf. Halm ad Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 71, and ad ejusdem, Cat. 1, 7 fin.; but freq. at a later period; e. g. in Pliny, in Books 2-4 of H. N., more than twenty times; and likewise in Tacitus seventeen times. Vid. the passages in Nipperd. ad Tac. A. 2, 49.) Far more unusual is the simple abl. in the designation of persons:

    deseror conjuge,

    Ov. H. 12, 161; so id. ib. 5, 75; id. M. 1, 747; Verg. A. 1, 274; Hor. C. 2, 4, 9; 1, 6, 2;

    and in prose,

    Quint. 3, 4, 2; Sen. Contr. 2, 1; Curt. 6, 7, 8; cf. Rudd. II. p. 212; Zumpt ad Quint. V. p. 122 Spalding.—Hence the adverbial phrase a se=uph heautou, sua sponte, of one's own uccord, spontaneously:

    ipsum a se oritur et sua sponte nascitur,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 78:

    (urna) ab se cantat quoja sit,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 21 (al. eapse; cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 66); so Col. 11, 1, 5; Liv. 44, 33, 6.
    b.
    With names of towns to denote origin, extraction, instead of gentile adjectives. From, of:

    pastores a Pergamide,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 1:

    Turnus ab Aricia,

    Liv. 1, 50, 3 (for which Aricinus, id. 1, 51, 1):

    obsides dant trecentos principum a Cora atque Pometia liberos,

    Liv. 2, 22, 2; and poet.: O longa mundi servator ab Alba, Auguste, thou who art descended from the old Alban race of kings (=oriundus, or ortus regibus Albanis), Prop. 5, 6, 37.
    c.
    In giving the etymology of a name: eam rem (sc. legem, Gr. nomon) illi Graeco putant nomine a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam, ego nostro a legendo, Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19: annum intervallum regni fuit: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, Liv. 1, 17, 6:

    (sinus maris) ab nomine propinquae urbis Ambracius appellatus,

    id. 38, 4, 3; and so Varro in his Ling. Lat., and Pliny, in Books 1-5 of H. N., on almost every page. (Cf. also the arts. ex and de.)
    d.
    With verbs of beginning and repeating: a summo bibere, in Plaut. to drink in succession from the one at the head of the table:

    da, puere, ab summo,

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; so,

    da ab Delphio cantharum circum, id Most. 1, 4, 33: ab eo nobis causa ordienda est potissimum,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 21:

    coepere a fame mala,

    Liv. 4, 12, 7:

    cornicem a cauda de ovo exire,

    tail-foremost, Plin. 10, 16, 18:

    a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18 al.
    e.
    With verbs of freeing from, defending, or protecting against any thing:

    a foliis et stercore purgato,

    Cato, R. R. 65 (66), 1:

    tantumne ab re tuast oti tibi?

    Ter. Heaut. 1, [p. 4] 1, 23; cf.:

    Saguntini ut a proeliis quietem habuerant,

    Liv. 21, 11, 5:

    expiandum forum ab illis nefarii sceleris vestigiis,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:

    haec provincia non modo a calamitate, sed etiam a metu calamitatis est defendenda,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14 (v. defendo):

    ab incendio urbem vigiliis munitam intellegebat,

    Sall. C. 32:

    ut neque sustinere se a lapsu possent,

    Liv. 21, 35, 12:

    ut meam domum metueret atque a me ipso caveret,

    Cic. Sest. 64, 133.
    f.
    With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping, and the like, ab =a parte, as, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 4: cum eadem metuam ab hac parte, since I fear the same from this side; hence, timere, metuere ab aliquo, not, to be afraid of any one, but, to fear something (proceeding from) from him:

    el metul a Chryside,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 79; cf.:

    ab Hannibale metuens,

    Liv. 23, 36; and:

    metus a praetore,

    id. 23, 15, 7;

    v. Weissenb. ad h. l.: a quo quidem genere, judices, ego numquam timui,

    Cic. Sull. 20, 59:

    postquam nec ab Romanis robis ulla est spes,

    you can expect nothing from the Romans, Liv. 21, 13, 4.
    g.
    With verbs of fastening and holding:

    funiculus a puppi religatus,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154:

    cum sinistra capillum ejus a vertice teneret,

    Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 3.
    h.
    Ulcisci se ab aliquo, to take vengeance on one:

    a ferro sanguis humanus se ulciscitur,

    Plin. 34, 14, 41 fin.
    i.
    Cognoscere ab aliqua re to knoio or learn by means of something (different from ab aliquo, to learn from some one):

    id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 22.
    j.
    Dolere, laborare, valere ab, instead of the simple abl.:

    doleo ab animo, doleo ab oculis, doleo ab aegritudine,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 62:

    a morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 26; cf. id. Aul. 2, 2, 9:

    a frigore et aestu ne quid laborent,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 17; so,

    a frigore laborantibus,

    Plin. 32, 10, 46, § 133; cf.:

    laborare ab re frumentaria,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1; id. B. C. 3, 9; v. laboro.
    k.
    Where verbs and adjectives are joined with ab, instead of the simple abl., ab defines more exactly the respect in which that which is expressed by the verb or adj. is to be understood, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of:

    ab ingenio improbus,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 59:

    a me pudica'st,

    id. Curc. 1, 1, 51:

    orba ab optimatibus contio,

    Cic. Fl. 23, 54; ro Ov. H. 6,156: securos vos ab hac parte reddemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24 fin. (v. securus):

    locus copiosus a frumento,

    Cic. Att. 5, 18, 2; cf.:

    sumus imparati cum a militibas tum a pecunia,

    id. ib. 7, 15 fin.:

    ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,

    id. Brut. 16, 63:

    ab una parte haud satis prosperuin,

    Liv. 1, 32, 2 al.;

    so often in poets ab arte=arte,

    artfully, Tib. 1, 5, 4; 1, 9, 66; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 30.
    l.
    In the statement of the motive instead of ex, propter, or the simple abl. causae, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: ab singulari amore scribo, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B fin.:

    linguam ab irrisu exserentem,

    thrusting out the tongue in derision, Liv. 7, 10, 5:

    ab honore,

    id. 1, 8; so, ab ira, a spe, ab odio, v. Drak. ad Liv. 24, 30, 1: 26, 1, 3; cf. also Kritz and Fabri ad Sall. J. 31, 3, and Fabri ad Liv. 21, 36, 7.
    m.
    Especially in the poets instead of the gen.:

    ab illo injuria,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 129:

    fulgor ab auro,

    Lucr. 2, 5:

    dulces a fontibus undae,

    Verg. G. 2, 243.
    n.
    In indicating a part of the whole, for the more usual ex, of, out of:

    scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:

    nonnuill ab novissimis,

    id. ib.; Cic. Sest. 65, 137; cf. id. ib. 59 fin.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).
    o.
    In marking that from which any thing proceeds, and to which it belongs:

    qui sunt ab ea disciplina,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 3, 7:

    ab eo qui sunt,

    id. Fin. 4, 3, 7:

    nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt,

    id. Mur. 30, 63 (in imitation of oi upo tinos).
    p.
    To designate an office or dignity (with or without servus; so not freq. till after the Aug. period;

    in Cic. only once): Pollex, servus a pedibus meus,

    one of my couriers, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1; so,

    a manu servus,

    a secretary, Suet. Caes. 74: Narcissum ab eplstulis ( secretary) et Pallantem a rationibus ( accountant), id. Claud. 28; and so, ab actis, ab admissione, ab aegris, ab apotheca, ab argento, a balneis, a bibliotheca, a codicillis, a jumentis, a potione, etc. (v. these words and Inscr. Orell. vol. 3, Ind. xi. p. 181 sq.).
    q.
    The use of ab before adverbs is for the most part peculiar to later Latinity:

    a peregre,

    Vitr. 5, 7 (6), 8:

    a foris,

    Plin. 17, 24, 37; Vulg. Gen, 7, 16; ib. Matt. 23, 27:

    ab intus,

    ib. ib. 7, 15:

    ab invicem,

    App. Herb. 112; Vulg. Matt. 25, 32; Cypr. Ep. 63, 9: Hier. Ep. 18:

    a longe,

    Hyg. Fab. 257; Vulg. Gen. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 58:

    a modo,

    ib. ib. 23, 39;

    Hier. Vit. Hilar.: a nune,

    Vulg. Luc. 1, 48:

    a sursum,

    ib. Marc. 15, 38.
    ► a.
    Ab is not repeated like most other prepositions (v. ad, ex, in, etc.) with pron. interrog. or relat. after subst. and pron. demonstr. with ab:

    Arsinoen, Stratum, Naupactum...fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc.,

    Cic. Pis. 37, 91:

    a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit. Quibus? An iis, quae in juventute geruntur et viribus?

    id. Sen. 6:

    a Jove incipiendum putat. Quo Jove?

    id. Rep. 1, 36, 56:

    res publica, quascumque vires habebit, ab iis ipsis, quibus tenetur, de te propediem impetrabit,

    id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.—
    b.
    Ab in Plantus is once put after the word which it governs: quo ab, As. 1, 1, 106.—
    c.
    It is in various ways separated from the word which it governs:

    a vitae periculo,

    Cic. Brut. 91, 313:

    a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo,

    id. Arch. 6, 12:

    a minus bono,

    Sall. C. 2, 6:

    a satis miti principio,

    Liv. 1, 6, 4:

    damnis dives ab ipsa suis,

    Ov. H. 9, 96; so id. ib. 12, 18; 13, 116.—
    d.
    The poets join a and que, making aque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.):

    aque Chao,

    Verg. G. 4, 347:

    aque mero,

    Ov. M. 3, 631:

    aque viro,

    id. H. 6, 156:

    aque suis,

    id. Tr. 5, 2, 74 al. But:

    a meque,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 1:

    abs teque,

    id. Att. 3, 15, 4:

    a teque,

    id. ib. 8, 11, §

    7: a primaque adulescentia,

    id. Brut. 91, 315 al. —
    e.
    A Greek noun joined with ab stands in the dat.: a parte negotiati, hoc est pragmatikê, removisse, Quint. 3, 7, 1.
    III.
    In composition ab,
    1.
    Retains its original signif.: abducere, to take or carry away from some place: abstrahere, to draw auay; also, downward: abicere, to throw down; and denoting a departure from the idea of the simple word, it has an effect apparently privative: absimilis, departing from the similar, unlike: abnormis, departing from the rule, unusual (different from dissimilis, enormis); and so also in amens=a mente remotus, alienus ( out of one's senses, without self-control, insane): absurdus, missounding, then incongruous, irrational: abutor (in one of its senses), to misuse: aborior, abortus, to miscarry: abludo; for the privative force the Latin regularly employs in-, v. 2. in.—
    2.
    It more rarely designates completeness, as in absorbere, abutor ( to use up). (The designation of the fourth generation in the ascending or descending line by ab belongs here only in appearance; as abavus for quartus pater, great-great-grandfather, although the Greeks introduced upopappos; for the immutability of the syllable ab in abpatrnus and abmatertera, as well as the signif. Of the word abavus, grandfather's grandfather, imitated in abnepos, grandchild's grandchild, seems to point to a derivation from avi avus, as Festus, p. 13 Mull., explains atavus, by atta avi, or, rather, attae avus.)

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ab

  • 98 adfero

    af-fĕro (better adf-), attŭli (adt-, better att-), allātum (adl-), afferre (adf-), v. a.; constr. aliquid ad aliquem or alicui.
    I.
    In gen., to bring, take, carry or convey a thing to a place (of portable things, while adducere denotes the leading or conducting of men, animals, etc.), lit. and trop.
    A.
    Lit.:

    lumen,

    Enn. Ann. 1, 40:

    viginti minas,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 78; 1, 3, 87 al.:

    adtuli hunc.—Quid, adtulisti?—Adduxi volui dicere,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 21:

    tandem bruma nives adfert,

    Lucr. 5, 746: adlatus est acipenser, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:

    adfer huc scyphos,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 33:

    nuces,

    Juv. 5, 144:

    cibum pede ad rostrum veluti manu,

    Plin. 10, 46, 63, § 129:

    pauxillum aquae,

    Vulg. Gen. 18, 4:

    caput ejus,

    ib. Marc. 6, 28.—With de in part. sense:

    adferte nobis de fructibus terrae,

    Vulg. Num. 13, 21; ib. Joan. 21, 10 (as lit. rendering of the Greek).—So of letters:

    adferre litteras, ad aliquem or alicui,

    Cic. Att. 8, 6; id. Imp. Pomp. 2; Liv. 22, 11 al.: adferre se ad aliquem locum, to betake one's self to a place, to go or come to (opp. auferre se ab aliquo, to withdraw from, to leave, only poet.):

    huc me adfero,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 6; Ter. And. 4, 5, 12 Bentl.:

    Fatis huc te poscentibus adfers,

    Verg. A. 8, 477:

    sese a moenibus,

    id. ib. 3, 345.—So pass. adferri:

    urbem adferimur,

    are driven, come, Verg. A. 7, 217;

    and adferre pedem: abite illuc, unde malum pedem adtulistis,

    id. Cat. 14, 21.— To bring near, extend, = porrigo (eccl. Lat.):

    adfer manum tuam,

    reach hither, Vulg. Joan. 20, 27.—
    B.
    Trop., to bring to, upon, in a good or bad sense.
    (α).
    In bon. part.:

    pacem ad vos adfero,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 32:

    hic Stoicus genus sermonum adfert non liquidum,

    i.e. makes use of, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159:

    nihil ostentationis aut imitationis adferre,

    id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

    non minus adferret ad dicendum auctoritatis quam facultatis,

    id. Mur. 2, 4:

    consulatum in familiam,

    id. Phil. 9, 2:

    animum vacuum ad scribendas res difficiles,

    id. Att. 12, 38:

    tibi benedictionem,

    Vulg. Gen. 33, 11:

    Domino gloriam,

    ib. 1 Par. 16, 28; ib. Apoc. 21, 26: ignominiam, ib. Osee, 4, 18.—
    (β).
    In mal. part.:

    bellum in patriam,

    Ov. M. 12, 5:

    nisi etiam illuc pervenerint (canes), ut in dominum adferant dentes,

    to use their teeth against their master, Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 9:

    adferam super eos mala,

    Vulg. Jer. 23, 12:

    Quam accusationem adfertis adversus hominem hunc?

    id. Joan. 18, 29: quod gustatum adfert mortem, ib. Job, 6, 6: vim adferre alicui for inferre, to use force against or offer violence to one, Cic. Phil. 2, 7; id. Verr. 2, 1, 26; Liv. 9, 16; 42, 29 Drak.; Ov. H. 17, 21 Heins.; id. A. A. 1, 679; Suet. Oth. 12 al.: manus adferre alicui, in a bad sense, to lay hands on, attack, assail (opp.:

    manus abstinere ab aliquo): pro re quisque manus adfert (sc. ad pugnam),

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26:

    domino a familiā suā manus adlatas esse,

    id. Quint. 27:

    intellegimus eum detrudi, cui manus adferuntur,

    id. Caecin. 17:

    qui sit improbissimus, manus ei adferantur, effodiantur oculi,

    id. Rep. 3, 17 Creuz. al.: sibi manus, to lay hands on one's self, to commit suicide: Qui quidem manus, quas justius in Lepidi perniciem animāsset, sibi adferre conatus est, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23.—Also of things: manus templo, to rob or plunder, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 18:

    bonis alienis,

    id. Off. 2, 15:

    manus suis vulneribus,

    to tear open, id. Att. 3, 15 (a little before:

    ne rescindam ipse dolorem meum): manus beneficio suo,

    to nullify, render worthless, Sen. Ben. 2, 5 ext. —
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    To bring, bear, or carry a thing, as news, to report, announce, inform, publish; constr. alicui or ad aliquem aliquid, or acc. with inf. (class.;

    in the histt., esp. in Livy, very freq.): ea adferam eaque ut nuntiem, etc.,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 9:

    istud quod adfers, aures exspectant meae,

    id. As. 2, 2, 65; Ter. Phorm. prol. 22:

    calamitas tanta fuit, ut eam non ex proelio nuntius, sed ex sermone rumor adferret,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 25:

    si ei subito sit adlatum periculum patriae,

    id. Off. 1, 43, 154:

    nihil novi ad nos adferebatur,

    id. Fam. 2, 14; id. Att. 6, 8: rumores, qui de me adferuntur, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21:

    Caelium ad illam adtulisse, se aurum quaerere,

    id. Cael. 24; so id. Fam. 5, 2 al.:

    magnum enim, quod adferebant, videbatur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 15 Dint.:

    cum crebri adferrent nuntii, male rem gerere Darium,

    Nep. 3, 3:

    haud vana adtulere,

    Liv. 4, 37; 6, 31:

    exploratores missi adtulerunt quieta omnia apud Gallos esse,

    id. 8, 17 Drak.:

    per idem tempus rebellāsse Etruscos adlatum est,

    word was brought, id. 10, 45 al.:

    idem ex Hispaniā adlatum,

    Tac. H. 1, 76:

    esse, qui magnum nescio quid adferret,

    Suet. Dom. 16; Luc. 1, 475:

    scelus adtulit umbris,

    Val. Fl. 3, 172 al. —So of instruction: doctrinam, Vulg. prol. Eccli.; ib. 2 Joan. 10.—
    B.
    To bring a thing on one, i.e. to cause, occasion, effect, give, impart; esp. of states of mind:

    aegritudinem alicui,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 2:

    alicui molestiam,

    id. Hec. 3, 2, 9:

    populo Romano pacem, tranquillitatem, otium, concordiam,

    Cic. Mur. 1:

    alicui multas lacrimas, magnam cladem,

    id. N. D. 2, 3, 7:

    ipsa detractio molestiae consecutionem adfert voluptatis,

    id. Fin. 1, 11, 37; so,

    adferre auctoritatem et fidem orationi,

    id. Phil. 12, 7:

    metum,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 25:

    dolorem,

    id. Sull. 1:

    luctum et egestatem,

    id. Rosc. Am. 5:

    consolationem,

    id. Att. 10, 4:

    delectationem,

    id. Fam. 7, 1 al.:

    detrimentum,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 82:

    taedium,

    Plin. 15, 2, 3, § 7:

    dolorem capitis,

    id. 23, 1, 18:

    gaudium,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 2, 1 al. —
    C.
    To bring forwards, allege, assert, adduce, as an excuse, reason, etc.:

    quam causam adferam?

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 23:

    justas causas adfers,

    Cic. Att. 11, 15;

    also without causa: rationes quoque, cur hoc ita sit, adferendas puto,

    id. Fin. 5, 10, 27; cf. id. Fam. 4, 13:

    idque me non ad meam defensionem adtulisse,

    id. Caecin. 29, 85:

    ad ea, quae dixi, adfer, si quid habes,

    id. Att. 7: nihil igitur adferunt, qui in re gerendā versari senectutem negant, they bring forwards nothing to the purpose, who, etc., id. Sen. 6; id. de Or. 2, 53, 215:

    quid enim poterit dicere?... an aetatem adferet?

    i. e. as an excuse, id. ib. 2, 89, 364.—Also absol.:

    Quid sit enim corpus sentire, quis adferet umquam...?

    will bring forwards an explanation, Lucr. 3, 354 (cf. reddo absol. in same sense, id. 1, 566):

    et, cur credam, adferre possum,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 70; 3, 23, 55.—
    D.
    Adferre aliquid = conducere, conferre aliquid, to contribute any thing to a definite object, to be useful in any thing, to help, assist; constr. with ad, with dat., or absol.:

    quam ad rem magnum adtulimus adjumentum hominibus nostris,

    Cic. Off. 1, 1:

    negat Epicurus diuturnitatem temporis ad beate vivendum aliquid adferre,

    id. Fin. 2, 27, 87:

    quidquid ad rem publicam adtulimus, si modo aliquid adtulimus,

    id. Off. 1, 44, 155:

    illa praesidia non adferunt oratori aliquid, ne, etc.,

    id. Mil. 1: aliquid adtulimus etiam nos, id. Planc. 10, 24:

    quid enim oves aliud adferunt, nisi, etc.,

    id. N. D. 2, 63.—
    E.
    Very rare in class. period, to bring forth as a product, to yield, bear, produce, = fero:

    agri fertiles, qui multo plus adferunt, quam acceperunt,

    Cic. Off. 1, 15:

    herbam adferentem semen,

    Vulg. Gen. 1, 29:

    arva non adferent cibum,

    ib. Hab. 3, 17: lignum adtulit fructum, ib. Joel, 2, 22; ib. Apoc. 22, 2:

    ager fructum,

    ib. Luc. 12, 16 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adfero

  • 99 affero

    af-fĕro (better adf-), attŭli (adt-, better att-), allātum (adl-), afferre (adf-), v. a.; constr. aliquid ad aliquem or alicui.
    I.
    In gen., to bring, take, carry or convey a thing to a place (of portable things, while adducere denotes the leading or conducting of men, animals, etc.), lit. and trop.
    A.
    Lit.:

    lumen,

    Enn. Ann. 1, 40:

    viginti minas,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 78; 1, 3, 87 al.:

    adtuli hunc.—Quid, adtulisti?—Adduxi volui dicere,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 21:

    tandem bruma nives adfert,

    Lucr. 5, 746: adlatus est acipenser, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:

    adfer huc scyphos,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 33:

    nuces,

    Juv. 5, 144:

    cibum pede ad rostrum veluti manu,

    Plin. 10, 46, 63, § 129:

    pauxillum aquae,

    Vulg. Gen. 18, 4:

    caput ejus,

    ib. Marc. 6, 28.—With de in part. sense:

    adferte nobis de fructibus terrae,

    Vulg. Num. 13, 21; ib. Joan. 21, 10 (as lit. rendering of the Greek).—So of letters:

    adferre litteras, ad aliquem or alicui,

    Cic. Att. 8, 6; id. Imp. Pomp. 2; Liv. 22, 11 al.: adferre se ad aliquem locum, to betake one's self to a place, to go or come to (opp. auferre se ab aliquo, to withdraw from, to leave, only poet.):

    huc me adfero,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 6; Ter. And. 4, 5, 12 Bentl.:

    Fatis huc te poscentibus adfers,

    Verg. A. 8, 477:

    sese a moenibus,

    id. ib. 3, 345.—So pass. adferri:

    urbem adferimur,

    are driven, come, Verg. A. 7, 217;

    and adferre pedem: abite illuc, unde malum pedem adtulistis,

    id. Cat. 14, 21.— To bring near, extend, = porrigo (eccl. Lat.):

    adfer manum tuam,

    reach hither, Vulg. Joan. 20, 27.—
    B.
    Trop., to bring to, upon, in a good or bad sense.
    (α).
    In bon. part.:

    pacem ad vos adfero,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 32:

    hic Stoicus genus sermonum adfert non liquidum,

    i.e. makes use of, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159:

    nihil ostentationis aut imitationis adferre,

    id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

    non minus adferret ad dicendum auctoritatis quam facultatis,

    id. Mur. 2, 4:

    consulatum in familiam,

    id. Phil. 9, 2:

    animum vacuum ad scribendas res difficiles,

    id. Att. 12, 38:

    tibi benedictionem,

    Vulg. Gen. 33, 11:

    Domino gloriam,

    ib. 1 Par. 16, 28; ib. Apoc. 21, 26: ignominiam, ib. Osee, 4, 18.—
    (β).
    In mal. part.:

    bellum in patriam,

    Ov. M. 12, 5:

    nisi etiam illuc pervenerint (canes), ut in dominum adferant dentes,

    to use their teeth against their master, Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 9:

    adferam super eos mala,

    Vulg. Jer. 23, 12:

    Quam accusationem adfertis adversus hominem hunc?

    id. Joan. 18, 29: quod gustatum adfert mortem, ib. Job, 6, 6: vim adferre alicui for inferre, to use force against or offer violence to one, Cic. Phil. 2, 7; id. Verr. 2, 1, 26; Liv. 9, 16; 42, 29 Drak.; Ov. H. 17, 21 Heins.; id. A. A. 1, 679; Suet. Oth. 12 al.: manus adferre alicui, in a bad sense, to lay hands on, attack, assail (opp.:

    manus abstinere ab aliquo): pro re quisque manus adfert (sc. ad pugnam),

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26:

    domino a familiā suā manus adlatas esse,

    id. Quint. 27:

    intellegimus eum detrudi, cui manus adferuntur,

    id. Caecin. 17:

    qui sit improbissimus, manus ei adferantur, effodiantur oculi,

    id. Rep. 3, 17 Creuz. al.: sibi manus, to lay hands on one's self, to commit suicide: Qui quidem manus, quas justius in Lepidi perniciem animāsset, sibi adferre conatus est, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23.—Also of things: manus templo, to rob or plunder, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 18:

    bonis alienis,

    id. Off. 2, 15:

    manus suis vulneribus,

    to tear open, id. Att. 3, 15 (a little before:

    ne rescindam ipse dolorem meum): manus beneficio suo,

    to nullify, render worthless, Sen. Ben. 2, 5 ext. —
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    To bring, bear, or carry a thing, as news, to report, announce, inform, publish; constr. alicui or ad aliquem aliquid, or acc. with inf. (class.;

    in the histt., esp. in Livy, very freq.): ea adferam eaque ut nuntiem, etc.,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 9:

    istud quod adfers, aures exspectant meae,

    id. As. 2, 2, 65; Ter. Phorm. prol. 22:

    calamitas tanta fuit, ut eam non ex proelio nuntius, sed ex sermone rumor adferret,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 25:

    si ei subito sit adlatum periculum patriae,

    id. Off. 1, 43, 154:

    nihil novi ad nos adferebatur,

    id. Fam. 2, 14; id. Att. 6, 8: rumores, qui de me adferuntur, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21:

    Caelium ad illam adtulisse, se aurum quaerere,

    id. Cael. 24; so id. Fam. 5, 2 al.:

    magnum enim, quod adferebant, videbatur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 15 Dint.:

    cum crebri adferrent nuntii, male rem gerere Darium,

    Nep. 3, 3:

    haud vana adtulere,

    Liv. 4, 37; 6, 31:

    exploratores missi adtulerunt quieta omnia apud Gallos esse,

    id. 8, 17 Drak.:

    per idem tempus rebellāsse Etruscos adlatum est,

    word was brought, id. 10, 45 al.:

    idem ex Hispaniā adlatum,

    Tac. H. 1, 76:

    esse, qui magnum nescio quid adferret,

    Suet. Dom. 16; Luc. 1, 475:

    scelus adtulit umbris,

    Val. Fl. 3, 172 al. —So of instruction: doctrinam, Vulg. prol. Eccli.; ib. 2 Joan. 10.—
    B.
    To bring a thing on one, i.e. to cause, occasion, effect, give, impart; esp. of states of mind:

    aegritudinem alicui,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 2:

    alicui molestiam,

    id. Hec. 3, 2, 9:

    populo Romano pacem, tranquillitatem, otium, concordiam,

    Cic. Mur. 1:

    alicui multas lacrimas, magnam cladem,

    id. N. D. 2, 3, 7:

    ipsa detractio molestiae consecutionem adfert voluptatis,

    id. Fin. 1, 11, 37; so,

    adferre auctoritatem et fidem orationi,

    id. Phil. 12, 7:

    metum,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 25:

    dolorem,

    id. Sull. 1:

    luctum et egestatem,

    id. Rosc. Am. 5:

    consolationem,

    id. Att. 10, 4:

    delectationem,

    id. Fam. 7, 1 al.:

    detrimentum,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 82:

    taedium,

    Plin. 15, 2, 3, § 7:

    dolorem capitis,

    id. 23, 1, 18:

    gaudium,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 2, 1 al. —
    C.
    To bring forwards, allege, assert, adduce, as an excuse, reason, etc.:

    quam causam adferam?

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 23:

    justas causas adfers,

    Cic. Att. 11, 15;

    also without causa: rationes quoque, cur hoc ita sit, adferendas puto,

    id. Fin. 5, 10, 27; cf. id. Fam. 4, 13:

    idque me non ad meam defensionem adtulisse,

    id. Caecin. 29, 85:

    ad ea, quae dixi, adfer, si quid habes,

    id. Att. 7: nihil igitur adferunt, qui in re gerendā versari senectutem negant, they bring forwards nothing to the purpose, who, etc., id. Sen. 6; id. de Or. 2, 53, 215:

    quid enim poterit dicere?... an aetatem adferet?

    i. e. as an excuse, id. ib. 2, 89, 364.—Also absol.:

    Quid sit enim corpus sentire, quis adferet umquam...?

    will bring forwards an explanation, Lucr. 3, 354 (cf. reddo absol. in same sense, id. 1, 566):

    et, cur credam, adferre possum,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 70; 3, 23, 55.—
    D.
    Adferre aliquid = conducere, conferre aliquid, to contribute any thing to a definite object, to be useful in any thing, to help, assist; constr. with ad, with dat., or absol.:

    quam ad rem magnum adtulimus adjumentum hominibus nostris,

    Cic. Off. 1, 1:

    negat Epicurus diuturnitatem temporis ad beate vivendum aliquid adferre,

    id. Fin. 2, 27, 87:

    quidquid ad rem publicam adtulimus, si modo aliquid adtulimus,

    id. Off. 1, 44, 155:

    illa praesidia non adferunt oratori aliquid, ne, etc.,

    id. Mil. 1: aliquid adtulimus etiam nos, id. Planc. 10, 24:

    quid enim oves aliud adferunt, nisi, etc.,

    id. N. D. 2, 63.—
    E.
    Very rare in class. period, to bring forth as a product, to yield, bear, produce, = fero:

    agri fertiles, qui multo plus adferunt, quam acceperunt,

    Cic. Off. 1, 15:

    herbam adferentem semen,

    Vulg. Gen. 1, 29:

    arva non adferent cibum,

    ib. Hab. 3, 17: lignum adtulit fructum, ib. Joel, 2, 22; ib. Apoc. 22, 2:

    ager fructum,

    ib. Luc. 12, 16 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > affero

  • 100 anima

    ănĭma, ae, f. ( gen. animāï, Lucr. 1, 112; 3, 150 et saep.; cf. Neue, Formenl. I. p. 12; Lachm. ad Lucr. 1, 29; dat. and abl. plur. regul. animis, Cic. Fam. 14, 14; Lact. Inst. 6, 20, 19; 7, 2, 1; Arn. 2, 18; 2, 30; 2, 33; Aug. Civ. Dei, 13, 18; 13, 19; id. Ver. Relig. 22, 43:

    animabus, only in eccl. and later Lat.,

    Vulg. Exod. 30, 12; ib. Psa. 77, 18; ib. Matt. 11, 29; ib. Heb. 13, 17 et saep.; Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 34; id. Anim. 33 al.; Aug. Civ. Dei, 19, 23; Prud. c. Symm. 1, 531; Aus. Rer. Odyss. 11; Serv. ad Verg. A. 6, 136 al.; Neue, Formenl. I. p. 29) [v. animus], pr. that which blows or breathes; hence,
    I.
    Lit., air, a current of air, a breeze, wind (mostly poet.):

    ne quid animae forte amittat dormiens,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 23 sq.: vela ventorum animae immittere, Att. ap. Non. p. 234, 9 (Trag. Rel. p. 137 Rib.):

    aurarum leves animae,

    Lucr. 5, 236:

    prece quaesit Ventorum pavidus paces animasque secundas,

    he anxiously implores a lull in the winds and a favoring breeze, id. 5, 1229:

    impellunt animae lintea,

    Hor. C. 4, 12, 2:

    Ne dubites quin haec animaï turbida sit vis,

    Lucr. 6, 693: Quantum ignes animaeque [p. 121] valent (of the wind in the workshop of Vulcan), Verg. A. 8, 403.—Also of a flame of fire (blowing like the air): noctilucam tollo, ad focum fero, inflo; anima reviviscit, Varr. ap. Non. p. 234, 5.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    In gen., the air, as an element, like fire, water, and earth (mostly poet.): aqua, terra, anima et sol, Enn. ap. Varr. R. R. 1, 4, 1:

    qui quattuor ex rebus posse omnia rentur, Ex igni, terrā atque animā, procrescere et imbri,

    Lucr. 1, 715:

    ut, quem ad modum ignis animae, sic anima aquae, quodque anima aquae, id aqua terrae proportione redderet. Earum quattuor rerum etc.,

    Cic. Tim. 5:

    utrum (animus) sit ignis, an anima, an sanguis,

    id. Ac. 2, 39, 124:

    si anima est (animus), fortasse dissipabitur,

    id. Tusc. 1, 1, 24; 1, 25, 6:

    si deus aut anima aut ignis est, idem est animus hominis,

    id. ib. 1, 26, 65:

    animus ex inflammatā animā constat, ut potissimum videri video Panaetio,

    id. ib. 1, 18, 42:

    Semina terrarumque animaeque,

    Verg. E. 6, 32.—
    B.
    The air inhaled and exhaled, breath (concr.); while spiritus denotes orig. breathing (abstr.; very freq. in prose and poetry); cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136:

    excipiat animam eam, quae ducta sit spiritu,

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 44:

    animam compressi, aurem admovi,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 28 Ruhnk.:

    animam recipe,

    take breath, id. Ad. 3, 2, 26:

    cum spiritus ejus (sc. Demosthenis) esset angustior, tantum continendā animā in dicendo est assecutus, ut, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261:

    ne circuitus ipse verborum sit longior quam vires atque anima patiatur,

    id. ib. 3, 49, 191; 3, 46, 181; id. N. D. 2, 54, 136: fetida anima nasum oppugnat, Titin. ap. Non. p. 233, 5 (Com. Rel. p. 136 Rib.); Caecil. ib. 9:

    qui non modo animum integrum, sed ne animam quidem puram conservare potuisset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58: animas et olentia Medi Ora fovent illo, with this the Medes correct their breath, etc., Verg. G. 2, 134:

    respiramen iterque Eripiunt animae,

    Ov. M. 12, 143; cf. id. F. 1, 425:

    animae gravitas,

    bad smell of the breath, Plin. 20, 9, 35, § 91; cf. id. 11, 37, 72, § 188; 22, 25, 64, § 132 al.:

    artavit clusitque animam,

    Luc. 4, 370; so Tac. A. 6, 50:

    spes illorum abominatio animae,

    Vulg. Job, 11, 20.—Of breath exhaled:

    inspirant graves animas,

    Ov. M. 4, 498.— Of the air breathed into a musical instrument, a breath of air, Varr. ap. Non. p. 233. 13.—Since air is a necessary condition of life,
    C.
    1.. The vital principle, the breath of life:

    animus est, quo sapimus, anima, quā vivimus,

    Non. p. 426, 27 (hence anima denotes the animal principle of life, in distinction from animus, the spiritual, reasoning, willing principle; very freq. in Lucr. and class.): Mater est terra, ea parit corpus, animam aether adjugat, Pac. ap. Non. p. 75, 11 (Trag. Rel. p. 88 Rib.):

    tunc cum primis ratione sagaci, Unde anima atque animi constet natura, videndum,

    whence spring life and the nature of the mind, Lucr. 1, 131; 3, 158 sq.; so id. 3, 417 sq.; 3, 565; 3, 705; 2, 950; 4, 922; 4, 944; 4, 959; 6, 798; 6, 1223;

    6, 1233 et saep.: deus totus est sensuus, totus visuus, totus audituus, totus animae, totus animi, totus sui,

    Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 14 Jan:

    quaedam (animantia) animum habent, quaedam tantum animam,

    Sen. Ep. 58:

    anima omnis carnis in sanguine est,

    Vulg. Lev. 17, 14 al. —Hence,
    2.
    In gen., life:

    cum anima corpus liquerit,

    Att. Trag. Rel. p. 214 Rib.:

    Animae pauxillulum in me habet,

    Naev. Com. Rel. p. 14 Rib.: Date ferrum, quī me animā privem, Enn. ap. Non. p. 474, 31 (Trag. Rel. p. 37 Rib.): me dicabo atque animam devōvo (i. e. devovero) hostibus, Att. ap. Non. p. 98, 12 (Trag. Rel. p. 283 Rib.):

    conficit animam vis volneris,

    Att. Trag. Rel. p. 209 Rib.:

    adimere animam,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 137; so id. Men. 5, 5, 7:

    exstinguere,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 16:

    relinquere,

    id. ib. 3, 4, 52:

    edere,

    Cic. Sest. 38:

    de vestrā vitā, de conjugum vestrarum ac liberorum animā judicandum est,

    id. Cat. 4, 9, 18:

    si tibi omnia sua praeter animam tradidit,

    id. Rosc. Am. 50:

    libertas et anima nostra in dubio est,

    Sall. C. 52, 6:

    pauci, quibus relicta est anima, clausi in tenebris, etc.,

    id. J. 14, 15; cf.

    retinere,

    id. ib. 31, 20:

    de manu viri et fratris ejus requiram animam hominis,

    Vulg. Gen. 9, 5; ib. Matt. 2, 20; ib. 1 Cor. 14, 7:

    animam agere,

    to give up the ghost, to die, Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19;

    so also efflare,

    to expire, id. ib.; id. Mil. 18 fin.; Suet. Aug. 99; so,

    exhalare,

    Ov. M. 15, 528; and, exspirare, id. ib. 5, 106 (cf. in Gr. thumon apopneein, psuchên ekpneein, bion apopsuchein, etc.):

    deponere,

    Nep. Hann. 1, 3:

    ponere,

    Vulg. Joan. 10, 17; 13, 27:

    amittere,

    Lucr. 6, 1233:

    emittere,

    Nep. Epam. 9, 3 Br. (so in Gr. aphienai tên psuchên):

    proicere,

    Verg. A. 6, 436:

    purpuream vomit ille animam, said of a wounded man,

    id. ib. 9, 349.—In Vulg. Matt. 16, 25 and 26, anima in v. 25 seems to pass to the higher meaning, soul, (cf. infra, II. D.) in v. 26, as hê psuchê in the original also can do.— Poet.:

    anima amphorae,

    the fumes of wine, Phaedr. 3, 1: Ni ego illi puteo, si occepso, animam omnem intertraxero, draw up all the life of that well, i. e. draw it dry, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 41.— Trop.:

    corpus imperii unius praesidis nutu, quasi animā et mente, regeretur,

    Flor. 4, 3:

    accentus quasi anima vocis est,

    Pompon. p. 67 Lind.—Prov.: animam debere, to owe life itself, of one deeply in debt:

    quid si animam debet?

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 56 (Graecum proverbium: kai autên tên psuchên opheilei, Don.).—Metaph., applied to plants and other things possessing organic life, Sen. Ep. 58; so Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 152; 31, 1, 1, § 3; 14, 1, 3, § 16 al.—
    3.
    Meton., a creature endowed with anima, a living being: ova parere solet genu' pennis condecoratum, non animam, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, 10, 18:

    hi (deos) fibris animāque litant,

    Stat. Th. 2, 246; Vulg. Gen. 2, 7; ib. Josh. 11, 11; ib. Luc. 9, 56; ib. Act. 2, 43 et saep.:

    animae rationis expertes,

    Lact. 3, 8.—So esp. of men (as we also say souls for persons; poet. or in post-Aug. prose):

    egregias animas, quae sanguine nobis Hanc patriam peperere suo, etc.,

    Verg. A. 11, 24:

    animae quales nec candidiores, etc.,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 41; Luc. 5, 322:

    vos Treveri et ceterae servientium animae,

    ministering spirits, Tac. H. 4, 32.—So in enumerations in eccl. Lat.:

    hos genuit Jacob sedecim animas,

    Vulg. Gen. 46, 18; 46, 22; ib. Act. 2, 41; 7, 14.—Of slaves (eccl. Lat.):

    merces animarum hominum,

    Vulg. Apoc. 18, 13 (after the use of hê psuchê and). —Hence, also, souls separated from the body, the shades of the Lower World, manes: Unde (ex Averno) animae excitantur, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:

    tu pias laetis animas reponis Sedibus,

    Hor. C. 1, 10, 17; cf. id. S. 1, 8, 29:

    animamque sepulcro Condimus,

    Verg. A. 3, 67; Ov. M. 7, 612; so id. ib. 8, 488; 10, 41; 14, 411; 15, 158; Suet. Caes. 88; so,

    vita: tenuīs sine corpore vitas volitare,

    Verg. A. 6, 292.—So in eccl. Lat. of departed spirits:

    timete eum, qui potest animam et corpus perdere in Gehennam,

    Vulg. Matt. 10, 28 bis:

    non derelinques animam meam in Inferno,

    ib. Act. 2, 27; ib. Apoc. 6, 9; 20, 4.—
    4.
    As expressive of love:

    vos, meae carissimae animae,

    my dearest souls, Cic. Fam. 14, 14; 14, 18:

    Pro quā non metuam mori, Si parcent animae fata superstiti,

    the dear surviving life, Hor. C. 3, 9, 12; cf.:

    animae dimidium meae,

    id. ib. 1, 3, 8:

    meae pars animae,

    id. ib. 2, 17, 5.—
    D.
    Sometimes for animus, as the rational soul of man.
    a.
    The mind as the seat of thought (cf. animus, II. A.):

    anima rationis consiliique particeps,

    Cic. N.D.1, 31, 87:

    causa in animā sensuque meo penitus affixa atque insita,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 53:

    ingenii facinora, sicut anima, immortalia sunt,

    Sall. J. 2, 2.—So often in eccl. Lat.:

    ad te Domine, levavi animam meam,

    Vulg. Psa. 24, 1; 102, 1; 118, 129:

    magnificat anima mea Dominum,

    ib. Luc. 1, 46; ib. Act. 15, 24 al.—
    b.
    As the seat of feeling (cf. animus, II. B.): sapimus animo, fruimur animā: sine animo anima est debilis, Att. ap. Non. p. 426, 29 (Trag. Rel. p. 175 Rib.):

    desiderat anima mea ad te, Deus,

    Vulg. Psa. 41, 2:

    tristis est anima mea,

    ib. Matt. 26, 38; ib. Joan. 10, 27 et saep.—
    E.
    For consciousness (cf. animus, II. A. 3. and conscientia, II. A.):

    cum perhibetur animam liquisse,

    Lucr. 3, 598; in this phrase animus is more common.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > anima

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

  • sit — W1S1 [sıt] v past tense and past participle sat [sæt] present participle sitting ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 1¦(in a chair etc)¦ 2¦(objects/buildings etc)¦ 3¦(do nothing)¦ 4¦(committee/parliament etc)¦ 5¦(meeting)¦ 6¦(animal/bird)¦ 7¦(look after)¦ …   Dictionary of contemporary English

  • sit — [ sıt ] (past tense and past participle sat [ sæt ] ) verb *** ▸ 1 rest lower body on something ▸ 2 be in situation etc. ▸ 3 be in particular place ▸ 4 meet in committee etc. ▸ 5 be model ▸ 6 take care of children ▸ 7 take an examination ▸ +… …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

  • sit — /sIt/ verb past tense and past participle sat present participle sitting 1 IN A CHAIR ETC a) (I) to be on a chair or seat, or on the ground, with the top half of your body upright and your weight resting on your buttocks (+on/in/by etc): sitting… …   Longman dictionary of contemporary English

  • Sit — Sit, v. i. [imp. {Sat}({Sate}, archaic); p. p. {Sat} ({Sitten}, obs.); p. pr. & vb. n. {Sitting}.] [OE. sitten, AS. sittan; akin to OS. sittian, OFries. sitta, D. zitten, G. sitzen, OHG. sizzen, Icel. sitja, SW. sitta, Dan. sidde, Goth. sitan,… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • sit — [sit] vi. sat, sitting [ME sitten < OE sittan, akin to ON sitja, Ger sitzen < IE base * sed , to sit > L sedere, Gr hizein, Welsh seddu, to sit] 1. a) to rest the weight of the body upon the buttocks and the back of the thighs, as on a… …   English World dictionary

  • sit-in — [ sitin ] n. m. inv. • 1967; mot angl. , de to sit in « prendre place, s installer » ♦ Anglic. Forme de contestation non violente consistant à s asseoir par terre en groupes pour occuper des lieux publics. Les étudiants ont organisé des sit in. ● …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • sit — ► VERB (sitting; past and past part. sat) 1) be or cause to be in a position in which one s weight is supported by one s buttocks and one s back is upright. 2) be or remain in a particular position or state: the fridge was sitting in a pool of… …   English terms dictionary

  • Sit-on-Top — Kajak vor Hawaii Sit on Top Kajak Sit on Top (engl.; etwa …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Sit-on-top — Kajak vor Hawaii Sit on Top Kajak Sit on Top (engl.; etwa: sitz obenauf) ist die Bezeichnung für einen Kajaktyp, bei dem der Paddler auf dem anstatt im …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Sit 'n Sleep — is a major mattress retailer chain in Southern California, founded in 1978 by Phil and Larry Miller, the latter currently the corporation s owner and CEO. The chain is mainly known for their advertising, which feature Larry and his accountant… …   Wikipedia

  • Sit-in — Sit ịn auch: Sit|ịn 〈n. 15〉 Sitzstreik von Akademikern [<engl. sit „sitzen“ + in „in“] * * * Sit in, Sit|in [sɪt |ɪn ], das; [s], s [engl. sit in, zu: to sit in = teilnehmen, anwesend sein]: Aktion von Demonstrierenden, bei der sich die… …   Universal-Lexikon

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»