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21 Δελφοί
Grammatical information: m.pl.Meaning: name of the inhabitants of Delphi (also attribut.) and of the town itself (Gildersleeve Syntax 51, Lundahl Namn och bygd 31 [1943] 42ff.) (h. Hom.)Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Δελφοί
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22 ἀηδών
A songstress, i.e. the nightingale, Hes.Op. 203, etc.; Πανδαρέου κούρη, χλωρηὶς ἀ., i.e. living in the greenwood, Od.19.518;χλωραύχην ἀ. Simon.73
:—metaph., of a poet, B.3.98, cf. E.Fr. 588 (lyr.), AP7.44 ([place name] Ion), Hermesian.7.49; also of the poet's song, τεαὶ ἀηδόνες thy strains, Call.Epigr.2.5;ζωούσας ἔλιπες γὰρ ἀηδόνας IG14.2012
.2 metaph., cicada, AP7.190 ([place name] Anyte).2 metaph., of shuttle, AP6.174 (Antip. Sid.).—Masc., only Ion l.c.;Ἀττικὸς ἀνὴρ τὸν αἴγα λέγει ὥσπερ καὶ τὸν ἀηδόνα Eust.376.24
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23 πᾶς
Aπαῖσα Sapph.Supp.13.8
,21.2, 20a.14, Alc.Supp.12.6, 25.8 ; Cret., Thess., Arc. fem. [full] πάνσα GDI 4976 ([place name] Gortyn), IG9(2).234.2 (Pharsalus, iii B.C.), 5(2).343.16 (Orchom. Arc., iv B. C.): gen. παντός, πάσης, παντός : gen. pl. masc. and neut. πάντων, fem. πᾱσῶν, [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. πᾱσέων, [dialect] Ep. also πᾱσάων [σᾱ] Od.6.107 : dat. pl. masc. and neut. πᾶσι, [dialect] Ep. and Delph.πάντεσσι Il.14.246
, IG22.1126.22,44; also [dialect] Locr.πάντεσιν Berl.Sitzb.1927.8
(V B.C.); Delph. (iii B.C.); (Delph., ii B.C.), Tab.Defix.Aud. 75.8: πᾶν as acc. masc. in LXX, π. ἄνδρα, οἰκέτην, οἶκον, 1 Ki.11.8, Ex. 12.44, Je.13.11. [[dialect] Dor. and [dialect] Aeol. πάν [ᾰ] Hdn.Gr.2.12, Pi.O.2.85, Sapph. Oxy. 1787 Fr.3 ii 5,al., and [dialect] Att. in compds., as ἅπᾰν, πάμπᾰν, etc. (but in compds. sts. long in [dialect] Att., AB416).]—Coll. Pron., when used of a number, all; when of one only, the whole; of the several persons in a number, every.I in pl., all, , etc. ; πάντες ὅσοι .. Od.1.11, etc. ; πάντας ᾧ ἂνπεριτυγχάνῃ, for ὅσοις ἄν, Pl.R. 566d : also with the Art., v.infr. B.2 strengthd. by Advbs., ἅμα πάντες all together, Il.24.253, etc. ;πάντες ἅμα 1.495
(in Prose commonly ἅπαντες, but not always, v. Hdt.9.23, X.Cyr.1.3.10, etc.): with a collect. noun,ἅμα πᾶς ὁ δῆμος D.H.2.14
;πάντες ὁμῶς Il.15.98
;ὁμοῦ πάντες S.El. 715
;πάντα μάλα Il.22.115
, Od.5.216, etc. ;πάντες ὁμοίως D.20.85
, etc.3 with [comp] Sup., πάντες ἄριστοι all the noblest, Il.9.3, Od.4.272, etc.4 consisting or composed wholly of, i.e. nothing but, only, ;ἐκ πασῶν δυνάμεων συνεστώς Corp.Herm. 13.2
; cf.11.2.II sg., all, the whole,πᾶς δ' ἄρα χαλκῷ λάμπε Il.11.65
, cf. 13.191 ; πᾶσα ὕλη all the wood, Hes.Op. 511, cf. Th. 695, etc. ; πᾶσα ἀληθείη all the truth, Il.24.407, Od.11.507; τὴν φάτνην ἐοῦσαν χαλκέην πᾶσαν all of bronze, Hdt.9.70 ; ἦν ἡ μάχη καρτερὰ καὶ ἐν χερσὶ πᾶσα, ἦν γὰρ τὸ χωρίον πρόσαντες πᾶν, Th.4.43, etc. ; πᾶν κράτος the whole power, sovereign power, S.Ph. 142 (lyr.);τὸ πᾶν κράτος Hdt.6.35
;μετὰ πάσης ἀδείας D.18.305
;πᾶσα ἀνάγκη Pl.Phdr. 240a
; πᾶσαι δ' ὠΐγνυντο πύλαι, πᾶσαι γὰρ ἐπῴχατο [πύλαι], the whole gate was open (shut), i.e. the gate was wide open, quite shut, Il.2.809, 12.340, as expld. by Aristarch. ; v. infr. B.2 as in 1.4, with attraction, ὁ πάντ' ἄναλκις οὗτος, ἡ πᾶσα βλάβη who is nought but mischief, S.El. 301, cf. Ph. 622, 927.III every,οἱ δ' ἄλκιμον ἦτορ ἔχοντες.. πᾶς πέτεται Il.16.265
, cf. Od.13.313, S.El. 972, E.Ba. 1131, 1135 ; ἄκουε πᾶς, = ἀκούετε πάντες, Ar.Th. 372; : with partit. gen., παντὶ βροτῶν (v.l. βροτῷ) Pi.O.1.100; ;τῶν ἀνθρώπων πᾶς D.Chr.3.70
; also , Ar.Ra. 1125, etc. ;πᾶσα ἀνθρώπου ψυχή Pl.Phdr. 249e
: with the Art., v. infr. B; πᾶς τις every single one, Thgn.621, Hdt.1.50, 3.79, S.Aj.28, etc. ;πᾶς τις βροτῶν Id.El. 984
, cf.OC25, etc. ; πᾶς ὅστις .. Id.Aj. 1413 ; πᾶν ὅσον .. A.Pr. 787, etc.2 less freq., any one,τὸ μὲν ἐπιτιμᾶν.. φήσαιτις ἂν.. παντὸς εἶναι D.1.16
; ;χαλεπόν τι καὶ οὐχὶ παντός Id.Alc.1.129a
; παντὸς ἀκούοντος .. when any one hears.., Ev.Matt.13.19 ; ἀμήχανον δὲ παντὸς ἀνδρὸς ἐκμαθεῖν ψυχήν any man's soul, S.Ant. 175 ; πάντων ἀποστερεῖσθαι λυπηρόν to be deprived of anything, D.18.5 ; cf. D. 111.2, VI.B with the Art., in the sense of all, the whole, when the Subst. is to be strongly specified, πᾶς being put either before the Art. or after the Subst., πᾶσαν τὴν δύναμιν all his force, Hdt.1.214 ;τὰ ἀγαθὰ πάντα X.An.3.1.20
(s. v. l.): with abstract Nouns and others which require the Art.,πάντα τὰ μέλλοντα A.Pr. 101
;πᾶσαν τὴν ἀλήθειαν Th.6.87
; τὰ τῆς πόλεως π. all the affairs of state, Lys. 19.48, etc.: emphatically,τὰς νέας τὰς πάσας Hdt.7.59
.II πᾶς is put between the Art. and Subst., to denote totality (V. A. 11),ὁ πᾶς ἀριθμός A.Pers. 339
;τὴν πᾶσαν ἵππον Hdt.1.80
;τὸ πᾶν πλῆθος Th.8.93
; οἱ πάντες ἄνθρωποι absolutely all.., X.An.5.6.7, etc. ; so πᾶν the neut.with the Art. itself becomes a Subst., τὸ πᾶν the whole, A.Pr. 275, 456, etc., v. infr. D. IV; τὰ πάντα the whole, Id.Eu.415 ; τοῖς πᾶσιν in all points, Th.2.64, 5.28 ; οἱ πάντες all of them, Hdt.1.80 ; but also, the community, opp. οἱ ὀλίγοι, Th.4.86 ; ἡ μὲν [τάξις] πάντα ἕν, ἡ δὲ πάντα ὅλον, ἡ δὲ πάντα πᾶν all things as a unity, as a totality, as an integral sum, Dam.Pr. 206.C with Numerals to mark an exact number, ἐννέα πάντες full nine, Od.8.258, cf. 24.60 ;ἐννέα πάντ' ἔτεα Hes. Th. 803
;δέκα πάντα τάλαντα Il.19.247
, etc. ; but , 000 of all kinds, Hdt.1.50 ; τὸν ἀρχιτέκτονα.. ἐδωρήσατο πᾶσι δέκα with ten presents of all kinds, Id.4.88 ;Παυσανίῃ πάντα δέκα ἐξαιρέθη Id.9.81
;τὰ πάντα μυρία Id.3.74
;πάντα θύειν ἑκατόν Pi.Fr. 170
;πάντα χίλια ἔθυεν Porph.Abst.2.60
.II with the Art., in all,οἱ πάντες.. εἷς καὶ ἐνενήκοντα Hdt.9.70
, cf. 1.214, Th.1.60, 3.85, etc. ;τριήρεις.. τὰς πάσας ἐς διακοσίας Id.1.100
, cf. 7.1 ;ἐν εἴκοσι ταῖς πάσαις ἡμέραις Arr.An.1.11.5
.D Special Usages: in dat. pl. masc. πᾶσι, with or in the judgement of all, Il.2.285, S.OC 1446 ;ὁ πᾶσι κλεινός Id.OT8
; κράτιστον πᾶσιν Οἰδίπου κάρα ib.40.2 fem. pl., ἔδοξε πάσαις (sc. ταῖς ψήφοις ) carried unanimously, IG12(3).168.14 (Astypalaea, ii/i B. C.), cf. Luc. Bis Acc. 18,22.II neut. pl. πάντα all kinds of things, Hom., freq. in phrase δαίδαλα πάντα, Il.5.60,al. ;οἰωνοῖσι πᾶσι 1.5
.2 πάντα γιγνόμενος becoming all things, i. e. assuming every shape, Od.4.417.3 πάντα εἶναί τινι to be everything to one,ἦν οἱ.. τὰ πάντα ἡ Κυνώ Hdt.1.122
; ἦσάν οἱ πάντα —ἅπαντα codd.)αἱ Συρήκουσαι Id.7.156
;Εὔβοια αὐτοῖς πάντα ἦν Th.8.95
;πάντ' ἐκεῖνος ἦν αὐτοῖς D.18.43
; π. ἦν Ἀλέξανδρος (sc. ὑμῖν) Id.23.120 ; π. εἶναι ἔν τισι to be all in all among them, Hdt.3.157.4 πάντα as Adv. for πάντως, in all points, entirely, wholly,π. νοήμονες Od.13.209
;π. γὰρ οὐ κακός εἰμι 8.214
;ὁ πάντ' ἄναλκις S.El. 301
;τῷ πάντ' ἀγαθῷ Id.Aj. 1415
(anap.);τὸν πάντ' ἄριστον Id.OC 1458
;πάντ' ἐπιστήμης πλέων Id.Ant. 721
(hence παντάγαθος, παντάριστος, etc. as compd. words); τὰ πολλὰ π. almost throughout, Hdt.5.67, cf. 1.203, 2.35 ; but τὰ π. in every way, by all means, altogether, Id.5.97 ;οἰόμενοι τὰ π. νικᾶν X. An.2.1.1
;ὁ τὰ π. φιλαίτατος Theoc.7.98
; also ἐς τὰ π. Th.4.81 ; κατὰ π. ibid., Pl.Ti. 30d.III neut. sg., τὸ πᾶν the whole (V. B. 11),περὶ τοῦ π. δρόμον θέειν Hdt.8.74
;πολλοῦ γε καὶ τοῦ π. ἐλλείπω A. Pr. 961
;τοῦ π. ἡμαρτηκέναι Pl.Phdr. 235e
; ἄξιοι τοῦ π. Id.Sph. 216c ; τὸ πᾶν as Adv., completely, altogether, A.Supp. 781 (lyr.), S.El. 1009, Pl.Lg. 959a, etc. (but, for all that, nevertheless, A.D.Synt.188.27): with neg., at all, , etc. ; also πᾶν alone, Hdt.1.32, etc.b in Philos., τὸ πᾶν the universe, Emp.13, Pythag. ap. Arist.Cael. 268a11, Pl.Ti. 28c, 30b, etc.; including τὸ κενόν (opp. τὸ ὅλον), Placit.2.1.7 ; also, Pythag. name for ten, Iamb. in Nic.p.118P., Theol.Ar.59.c τῷ παντί in every point, altogether, X.HG7.5.12, etc.d τὸ π., = μολυβδόχαλκος, Ps.- Democr. Alch.p.56 B., Maria ap.Zos.Alch.p.192 B.2 πᾶν anything,πᾶν μᾶλλον ἢ στρατιήν οἱ ἐδίδου Hdt.4.162
; εἴη δ' ἂν πᾶν anything is possible, ib. 195 ; πᾶν ποιῶν by any means whatever, Pl.Ap. 39a (also πᾶν ποιεῖν καὶ λέγειν ibid. ; πᾶν ποιεῖν ὥστε .. Id.Phd. 114c), cf. Pi.I. 4(3).48 ;πᾶν ἂν ἔπραξαν Lys.9.16
: more freq. in pl.,πάντα ποιῶν Id.12.84
, D.21.2 ; π. ποιεῖν ὅπως .. X.HG7.4.21 ;πάντα τολμῶν S.OC 761
; cf. A. 111.2.3 ἐπὶ πᾶν on the whole, in general, Pl.Lg. 875d ;ὡς ἐπὶ πᾶν εἰπεῖν Id.Euthd. 279e
, etc.; .4 παντὸς μᾶλλον more than anything, i. e. above all, Pl.Cri. 49b, Prt. 344b, Grg. 527b ;π. μᾶλλον οὐ Id.Phdr. 228d
: in answers, π. γε μᾶλλον quite so, Id.Phd. 67b.IV with Preps., ; ἐς τὸ πᾶν altogether, A.Ag. 682 (lyr.), Eu.52,83 ; ἐν παντὶ ἀθυμίας εἶναι to be in utter despair, Th.7.55 : more freq. ἐν παντὶ εἶναι, ἐν παντὶ κακοῦ εἶναι, to be in great danger or fear, Pl.Smp. 194a, R. 579b ;ἐν π. γενέσθαι Id.Euthd. 301a
;ἐμ παντὶ ἐοῦσα IG42(1).122.27
(Epid., iv B. C.); ἐν παντὶ εἶναι μή .. to be in great fear lest.., X.HG5.4.29 ;ἐς πᾶν κακοῦ ἀπίκατο Hdt.7.118
;ἐς πᾶν ἀφικέσθαι X.HG6.1.12
;εἰς πᾶν ἐλθεῖν D.54.13
; ἐπὶ πᾶσιν in all things,καιρὸς δ' ἐπὶ π. ἄριστος Hes.Op. 694
; but also, finally, Philostr.VS2.11.1, al. ; περὶ παντὸς ποιεῖσθαι esteem above all,X.HG7.1.26, An.1.9.16 ; πρὸ παντὸς εὔχεσθαι wish above all, Pl.Phdr. 239e ; διὰ παντός (sc. χρόνου) for ever, continually, S.Aj. 705 (lyr.), Th.1.38, etc. ; also, altogether, Pl.R. 407d ;διὰ πάντων Id.Sph. 254b
; ὁ κατὰ πάντων λόγος the common formula, PMag.Par.1.2186 ; ἡ κ. π. τελετή ib.1596, PMag.Lond. 121.872 ; μέχρι παντός for ever, Str.8.6.18 ;εἰς τὸ πᾶν ἀεί A.Ch. 684
;ἐς τὸ πᾶν χρόνου Id.Eu. 670
.VI οὐ πᾶς not any, i.e. none, LXX Ps.142(143).2, Ev.Luc.1.37, Ep.Gal.2.16, al. ; ἄνευ πάσης ταραχῆς without any disturbance, D.S.15.87.------------------------------------πᾶς (B), Cypr.,A = παῖς, Inscr.Cypr. 106, 210 H.------------------------------------πᾶς (C),A = πατήρ (Syracus.), EM651.7. -
24 οἰκονομία
οἰκονομία, ας, ἡ (οἰκονομέω; X., Pla.+; ins., pap; Is 22:19, 21; TestJob, ParJer, Philo, Joseph.)① responsibility of management, management of a household, direction, office (X., Oec. 1, 1; Herodian 6, 1, 1; Jos., Ant. 2, 89; PTebt 27, 21 [114 B.C.]; PLond III, 904, 25 p. 125 [104 A.D.]; Orig., C. Cels. 8, 57, 22).ⓐ lit., of the work of an οἰκονόμος ‘estate manager’ Lk 16:2–4 (this passage shows that it is not always poss. to draw a sharp distinction betw. the office itself and the activities associated w. it).—WPöhlmann, Der verlorene Sohn u. das Haus ’93.ⓑ Paul applies the idea of administration to the office of an apostle οἰκονομίαν πεπίστευμαι I have been entrusted with a commission/task 1 Cor 9:17 (cp. Theoph. Ant. 1, 11 [p. 82, 8]); ἀνθρωπίνων οἰκονομίαν μυστηρίων πεπίστευνται they have been entrusted with the administration of merely human mysteries Dg 7:1. Of a supervisor (bishop): ὸ̔ν πέμπει ὁ οἰκοδεσπότης εἰς ἰδίαν οἰκ. (οἰκ. ἰδίου οἴκου) the one whom the master of the house sent to administer his own household IEph 6:1. This is prob. also the place for κατὰ τὴν οἰκ. τοῦ θεοῦ τὴν δοθεῖσάν μοι εἰς ὑμᾶς according to the divine office which has been granted to me for you Col 1:25, as well as ἠκούσατε τὴν οἰκονομίαν τ. χάριτος τ. θεοῦ τῆς δοθείσης μοι εἰς ὑμᾶς you have heard of the administration of God’s grace that was granted to me for you Eph 3:2 (on the other hand, this latter vs. may be parallel to the usage in vs. 9; s. 2b below).② state of being arranged, arrangement, order, plan (X., Cyr. 5, 3, 25; Polyb. 4, 67, 9; 10, 16, 2; Diod S 1, 81, 3)ⓐ ἡ τῆς σαρκὸς οἰκονομία of the arrangement or structure of the parts of the body beneath the skin; they are laid bare by scourging MPol 2:2.—(Iren. 5, 3, 2 [Harv. II, 326, 3]).ⓑ of God’s unique plan private plan, plan of salvation, i.e. arrangements for redemption of humans (in the pap of arrangements and directions of authorities: UPZ 162 IX, 2 [117 B.C.]; CPR 11, 26, and in PGM [e.g. 4, 293] of the measures by which one wishes to attain some goal by extrahuman help.—Just., D. 31, 1 τοῦ πάθους … οἰκ.; Hippol., Did.) ἡ οἰκ. τοῦ μυστηρίου the plan of the mystery Eph 3:9 (v.l. κοινωνία; on the thought cp. vs. 2 and s. JReumann, NovT 3, ’59, 282–92.—Just., D. 134, 2 οἰκονομίαι … μυστηρίων). Also in the linguistically difficult passage 1:10 οἰκ. certainly refers to the plan of salvation which God is bringing to reality through Christ, in the fullness of the times. κατʼ οἰκονομίαν θεοῦ according to God’s plan of redemption IEph 18:2 (cp. Ath. 21, 4 κατὰ θείαν οἰκ.—Pl.: Iren. 1, 10, 1 [Harv. I 90, 8]) προσδηλώσω ὑμῖν ἧς ἠρξάμην οἰκονομίας εἰς τὸν καινὸν ἄνθρωπον Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν I will explain to you further the divine plan which I began (to discuss), with reference to the new human being Jesus Christ IEph 20:1. AcPl Ha 3, 23 of God’s marvelous plan = way of doing things; 6, 26 ο̣ἰ̣κο̣ν̣[ομίαν πληρῶσω κτλ.] (so that I might carry out God’s) plan for me; pl. 5, 27 [ὡς καὶ ἐκεῖ τὰς τοῦ κυρίου οἰκο]νομίας πληρῶσε (=πληρῶσαι) [Paul has gone off to carry out God’s] purpose [also there] (in Macedonia) (apparently a ref. to the various missionary assignments given by God to Paul; for the formulation cp. τὴν οἰκ. τελέσας Orig., C. Cels. 2, 65, 4).ⓒ also of God’s arrangements in nature pl. αἱ οἰκ. θεοῦ Dg 4:5 (cp. Tat. 12, 2; 18, 2 ὕλης οἰκ.; Did., Gen. 92, 6 πάντα ὑπὸ τὴν αὐτοῦ οἰκ. ἐστίν.—Of the order in creation Theoph. Ant. 2, 12 [p. 130, 2]).③ program of instruction, training (in the way of salvation); this mng. (found also Clem. Alex., Paed. 1, 8, 69, 3; 70, 1 p. 130 St.) seems to fit best in 1 Ti 1:4, where it is said of the erroneous teachings of certain persons ἐκζητήσεις παρέχουσιν μᾶλλον ἢ οἰκονομίαν θεοῦ τὴν ἐν πίστει they promote useless speculations rather than divine training that is in faith (οἰκοδομήν and οἰκοδομίαν [q.v.] as vv.ll. are simply ‘corrections’ to alleviate the difficulty). If οἰκ. is to be taken in the sense of 1b above, the thought of the verse would be somewhat as follows: ‘endless speculative inquiry merely brings about contention instead of the realization of God’s purpose which has to do with faith.’—OLillger, Das patristische Wort, diss. Erlangen ’55; JReumann, The Use of ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΑ and Related Terms etc., diss. U. of Pennsylvania ’57.—DELG s.v. νέμω. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. Sv. -
25 ὅτι
ὅτι (Hom.+) conjunction (B-D-F §396f; 408; 416; 470, 1 al.; Rob. 1032–36, al. [s. index]; HPernot, Études sur la langue des Évang. 1927, 41ff) originally the neuter of ὅστις.① marker of narrative or discourse content, direct or indirect, that. Used after verbs that denote mental or sense perception, or the transmission of such perception, or an act of the mind, to indicate the content of what is said, etc.ⓐ after verbs of saying, indicating, etc.: ἀπαγγέλλω, ἀποκρίνομαι, δείκνυμι, δῆλόν (ἐστιν), διδάσκω, εἶπον, ἐμφανίζω, λέγω, μαρτυρέω, ὁμολογέω, φημί etc.; s. the entries in question. Likew. after verbs of swearing, affirming and corresponding formulae: μαρτύρομαι Ac 20:26; Gal 5:3. μάρτυρα τὸν θεὸν ἐπικαλοῦμαι 2 Cor 1:23. ὀμνύω Rv 10:6. Cp. the sim. exprs. πιστὸς ὁ θεός 2 Cor 1:18. ἰδοὺ ἐνώπιον τοῦ θεοῦ Gal 1:20.—2 Cor 11:10. Cp. also φάσις … ὅτι Ac 21:31. αἱ γραφαὶ ὅτι the Scriptures (which state) that Mt 26:54.—On 1J 2:12–14 s. BNoack, NTS 6, ’60, 236–41.ⓑ after verbs that denote sense perception ἀκούω, θεάομαι, θεωρέω (q.v. 1); s. these entries.ⓒ after verbs that denote mental perception ἀγνοέω, ἀναγινώσκω, βλέπω (perceive), γινώσκω, γνωστόν ἐστιν, ἐπιγινώσκω, ἐπίσταμαι, θεωρέω (q.v. 2a), καταλαμβάνω, μιμνῄσκομαι, μνημονεύω, νοέω, οἶδα, ὁράω (q.v. A4a), συνίημι, ὑπομιμνῄσκω; s. these entries. In Gal 1:11 ὅτι comes later in the sentence so as to permit the emphatic portion of the subordinate clause to come to the forefront.ⓓ after verbs of thinking, judging, believing, hoping: δοκέω (q.v. 1d), ἐλπίζω (q.v. 2), κρίνω, λογίζομαι, νομίζω (q.v. 2), οἶμαι, πέπεισμαι, πέποιθα, πιστεύω (q.v. 1aβ), ὑπολαμβάνω; s. these entries. εἶχον τὸν Ἰωάννην ὅτι προφήτης ἦν they held that John was a prophet Mk 11:32 (s. B-D-F §330; 397, 2; Rob. 1029; 1034).ⓔ after verbs that denote an emotion and its expression ἀγανακτέω, ἐξομολογέομαι, ἐπαινέω, εὐχαριστέω, θαυμάζω, μέλει μοι, συγχαίρω, χαίρω, χάριν ἔχω τινί; s. these entries.ⓕ Very oft. the subj. of the ὅτι-clause is drawn into the main clause, and becomes the object of the latter: ἐπεγίνωσκον αὐτοὺς ὅτι (=ὅτι αὐτοὶ) σὺν τῷ Ἰησοῦ ἦσαν Ac 4:13. οἴδατε τὴν οἰκίαν Στεφανᾶ ὅτι (=ὅτι ἡ οἰκία Σ.) ἐστὶν ἀπαρχή 1 Cor 16:15. Cp. Mt 25:24; Mk 12:34; J 8:54; 9:8; Ac 3:10; 1 Cor 3:20 (Ps 93:11); 1 Th 2:1; Rv 17:8. Somet. the subj. is repeated by a demonstrative pron. in the ὅτι-clause: ἐκήρυσσεν τὸν Ἰησοῦν ὅτι οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ Ac 9:20.—Pass. εἰ Χριστὸς κηρύσσεται ὅτι ἐκ νεκρῶν ἐγήγερται (=εἰ κηρύσσεται ὅτι Χρ. ἐκ νεκ. ἐγ.) 1 Cor 15:12.② marker of explanatory clauses, thatⓐ as a substitute for the epexegetical inf. (acc. w. inf.) after a preceding demonstrative (B-D-F §394; cp. Rob. 1034) αὕτη δέ ἐστιν ἡ κρίσις, ὅτι τὸ φῶς ἐλήλυθεν the judgment consists in this, that the light has come J 3:19. ἔστιν αὕτη ἡ ἀγγελία …, ὅτι ὁ θεὸς φῶς ἐστιν 1J 1:5. Cp. 3:16; 4:9, 10. ἐν τούτῳ …, ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ πνεύματος αὐτοῦ δέδωκεν ἡμῖν vs. 13; 5:11. περὶ τούτου … ὅτι about this …, that J 16:19. In ἔχω κατὰ σοῦ ὅτι … Rv 2:4, ὅτι is epexegetical to a τοῦτο that remains unexpressed. Cp. vs. 6. Of the same order is the useⓑ in ellipses τί ὅτι; what (is it) that? why? Lk 2:49; Ac 5:4, 9; Mk 2:16 v.l. (JosAs 16:5).—οὐχ ὅτι (=οὐ λέγω ὅτι) not that, not as if J 6:46; 7:22; 2 Cor 1:24; 3:5; Phil 3:12; 4:11; 2Th 3:9 (so μὴ ὅτι PLond I 42, 43 p. 30 [II B.C.]). ἐπεὶ οὐχ ὅτι since it is not the case that IMg 3:2.—οὐχ οἷον ὅτι Ro 9:6 (s. οἷος).—ὅτι alone is used for εἰς ἐκεῖνο ὅτι with regard to the fact that, in consideration of the fact that (Gen 40:15; Ruth 2:13) ποταπός ἐστιν οὗτος ὅτι; what sort of person is this, (in consideration of the fact) that? Mt 8:27 (but it is prob. that in this and sim. passages the causal force of ὅτι [s. 4 below] comes to the fore). τίς ὁ λόγος οὗτος ὅτι; Lk 4:36. Cp. 16:3; Mk 4:41; J 2:18; 8:22; 9:17; 11:47; 16:9–11.—ὅτι = ἐν τούτῳ ὅτι in that Ro 5:8. ὅτι = περὶ τούτου ὅτι concerning this, that Mt 16:8; Mk 8:17.—On ὅτι=why? (cp. Jos. Ant. 12, 213) Mk 9:11, 28 s. ὅστις 4b.③ marker introducing direct discourse. In this case it is not to be rendered into English, but to be represented by quotation marks (ὅτι recitativum.—B-D-F §397, 5; 470, 1; EKieckers, IndogF 35, 1915, 21ff; Rob. 1027f. As early as Pla. [Apol. 23, 34 d.—Kühner-G. II, 366f]; Epict. 1, 9, 16; Arrian, Alex. An. 2, 12, 4; 2, 26, 4; 4, 8, 9; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 1, 38 p. 40; POxy 744, 11 [1 B.C.]; 119, 10; 1064, 5; LXX; TestAbr A 8 p. 85, 10 [Stone p. 18]; TestJob 6:7; 35:1; 36:3; ParJer 1:6; 2:7; ApcEsdr; AscIs 3:9; Jos. Ant. 11, 5; 18, 326, Vi. 55) ὑμεῖς λέγετε ὅτι ‘βλασφημεῖς’ ὅτι εἶπον J 10:36. ὁμολογήσω αὐτοῖς ὅτι ‘οὐδέποτε ἔγνων ὑμᾶς’ Mt 7:23. So after var. verbs of saying as direct discourse: Mt 26:72–75; 27:43; Mk 1:37; 2:16; 5:28; 12:29; 13:6 (JSundwall, Om bruket av ὅτι recit. i Mk: Eranos 31, ’33, 73–81; MZerwick, Untersuchgen z. Mk-Stil ’37, 39–48); Lk 1:25, 61 (PWinter, HTR 48, ’55, 213–16); 4:41a; 5:26; 15:27a; J 1:20, 32; 4:17; 6:42; 16:17; Ac 5:23; 15:1; Ro 3:8 (B-D-F §470, 1; Rob. 1033; AFridrichsen, ZNW 34, ’35, 306–8); 2 Th 3:10; 1J 4:20 al. Scripture quotations are also introduced in this way (Appian, Bell. Civ. 62 §260 a saying of Caesar in direct discourse is introduced by ὅτι): Μωϋσῆς ἔγραψεν ἡμῖν ὅτι ‘ἐάν τινος κτλ.’ Mk 12:19.—Mt 2:23; 21:16; Lk 2:23; J 10:34; Ro 8:36; 1 Cor 14:21; Hb 11:18.—On ὅτι foll. by the acc. and inf. in direct discourse Lk 4:43 s. 5a below.ⓐ subordinating, because, since ὅτι ἑώρακάς με, πεπίστευκας J 20:29.—Mt 2:18 (Jer 38:15); 5:3ff; 13:16; Mk 1:34; 5:9; Lk 4:41b; 6:20ff; 8:30; 10:13; 11:42ff; 13:2b; 15:27b; perh. 18:9 (TManson, The Sayings of Jesus ’54, 309); 19:17; J 1:30, 50a; 2:25; 3:18; 5:27; 9:16, 22; Ro 6:15; 1 Cor 12:15f. On 1J 2:12–14 s. BNoack, NTS 6, ’60, 236–41 (opposes causal mng.).—Used w. demonstr. and interrog. pronouns διὰ τοῦτο … ὅτι for this reason …, (namely) that J 8:47; 10:17; 12:39; 1J 3:1 al. διὰ τί; ὅτι … why? because … Ro 9:32; 2 Cor 11:11. χάριν τίνος; ὅτι … for what reason? because … 1J 3:12. Foll. by διὰ τοῦτο because … for this reason J 15:19. οὐχ ὅτι … ἀλλʼ ὅτι not because … but because 6:26; 12:6.ⓑ The subordination is oft. so loose that the transl. for recommends itself (B-D-F §456, 1; Rob. 962f). Naturally the line betw. the two groups cannot be drawn with certainty: Mt 7:13; 11:29; Lk 7:47 (on this pass. and 1J 3:14 s. Schwyzer II 646, w. ref. to Il. 16, 34f: ‘infer this from the fact that’); 9:12; 13:31; 16:24; J 1:16f; 9:16; 1 Cor 1:25; 4:9; 10:17; 2 Cor 4:6; 7:8, 14; 1J 3:14.—MBlack, An Aramaic Approach3, ’67, 70ff.⑤ special usesⓐ ὅτι w. acc. and inf. after θεωρεῖν Ac 27:10 (on the mingling of constructions cp. POxy 237 V, 8 δηλῶν ὅτι … δεῖσθαι τὸ πρᾶγμα; EpArist 125; schol. on Clem. of Alex., Protr. p. 296, 11f Stäh.—B-D-F §397, 6; Rob. 1036; Rdm.2 195; MArnim, De Philonis Byzantii dicendi genere, diss. Greifs-wald 1912, 88 [but s. on this Rdm.2 196, 1]). Less irregular is καὶ ὅτι w. a finite verb as the second member dependent on παρακαλεῖν after the inf. ἐμμένειν Ac 14:22.—S. also c, below and HCadbury, JBL 48, 1929, 412–25.ⓑ ὡς ὅτι is found three times in Pauline letters and simply means ‘that’ in the later vernacular (exx. in Mlt. 212; B-D-F §396; Rob. 1033). But the subjective mng. of ὡς must be conceded for the NT, since the Vulgate renders ὡς ὅτι twice w. ‘quasi’ (2 Cor 11:21; 2 Th 2:2) and the third time (2 Cor 5:19) w. ‘quoniam quidem’: διʼ ἐπιστολῆς …, ὡς ὅτι ἐνέστηκεν ἡ ἡμέρα τοῦ κυρίου by a letter … (of such content) that (in the opinion of its writer) the day of the Lord is (now) here 2 Th 2:2. Paul says ironically: κατὰ ἀτιμίαν λέγω, ὡς ὅτι ἡμεῖς ἠσθενήκαμεν I must confess to my shame that we have conducted ourselves as weaklings (as I must concede when I compare my conduct w. the violent treatment you have had fr. others [vs. 20]) 2 Cor 11:21 (for the thought cp. Demosth. 18, 320: ‘I confess it. I am weak, but all the more loyal than you [Aeschines] to my fellow citizens’). Likew. 5:19; we are a new creation in Christ (vs. 17). This does not alter the fact that everything has its origin in God, who reconciled us w. himself through Christ (vs. 18), ὡς ὅτι θεὸς ἦν ἐν Χριστῷ κόσμον καταλλάσσων ἑαυτῷ that is (acc. to Paul’s own conviction), (that) it was God who was reconciling the world to himself in Christ.ⓒ consecutive ὅτι so that (Pel.-Leg. p. 20 τί διδοῖς τοῖς ἀμνοῖς σου ὅτι ζωὴν αἰώνιον ἔχουσιν;=what do you give your sheep so that they have eternal life? Acta Christophori p. 68, 18 Usener τοιοῦτοι γάρ εἰσιν οἱ θεοὶ ὑμῶν, ὅτι ὑπὸ γυναικὸς ἐκινήθησαν. Gen 20:9; Judg 14:3; 1 Km 20:1; 3 Km 18:9) ποῦ οὗτος μέλλει πορεύεσθαι, ὅτι ἡμεῖς οὐχ εὑρήσομεν αὐτόν; J 7:35. τί γέγονεν ὅτι … ; what has happened, so that (=to bring it about that) …? 14:22 (so Rob. 1001; difft. Rdm.2 196 and B-D-F §480, 6). This is prob. also the place for οὐδὲν εἰσηνέγκαμεν εἰς τὸν κόσμον, ὅτι οὐδὲ ἐξενεγκεῖν τι δυνάμεθα we have brought nothing into the world, so that (as a result) we can take nothing out of it 1 Ti 6:7. τί ἐστιν ἄνθρωπος, ὅτι μιμνῄσκῃ αὐτοῦ; Hb 2:6 (Ps 8:5).—DELG. M-M. -
26 γάμος
γάμος, ου, ὁ (Hom.+; sg. and pl. are oft. used interchangeably w. no difference in mng.; cp. SIG 1106, 101–3 διδότω ὁ ἱερεὺς εἰς τοὺς γάμους τὰ γέρη τῷ τὸν γάμον ποιοῦντι; AcThom 4 [Aa II/2 p. 105, 3]. Joseph. distinguishes in Ant. 14, 467f betw. γάμος=wedding and γάμοι=wedding celebration. But for ‘marriage’ he somet. uses the sg. [s. 1a below], somet. the pl. [Ant. 20, 141]; Field, Notes, 16).① public ceremony associated with entry into a marriage relationship, wedding celebrationⓐ gener., pl. (the pl. is used in this sense as early as Hom.; s. also Isaeus 8, 18; 20; BGU 892, 10; 13; 909, 3; Sb 7745, 2; PGiss 31, 16; POxy 111, 2; 927, 2.—Joseph., s. above) γάμους ποιεῖν give a wedding celebration Mt 22:2 (on γ. ποιεῖν cp. Demosth. 30, 21; Menand., Fgm. 450 K. [=454 Edm. III/2 p. 732]; Achilles Tat. 1, 3, 3; Xenophon Eph. 2, 7, 1; Michel 1001 II, 19; Tob 6:13; 8:19; 1 Macc 9:37; 10:58). καλεῖσθαι εἰς τοὺς γ. be invited to the wedding (POxy 1486) 22:3, 9 (cp. Tob 9:5 S).—22:4 (on the parable Mt 22:1–14 s. JSickenberger, ByzZ 30, 1930, 253–61; VHasler, TZ 18, ’62, 25–35). Sg. (LXX) Mt 22:8; J 2:1f; ἔνδυμα γάμου a wedding garment Mt 22:11, 12 (cp. Aristoph., Av. 1692 γαμικὴν χλανίδα; Achilles Tat. 2, 11, 2f).—εἰσέρχεσθαι εἰς τοὺς γ. Mt 25:10 (for the pl. cp. Diog. L. 3, 2 s. b). Colloq. usage may be embedded Mt 22:10, but s. 3 below.ⓑ Banqueting was integral to marriage celebration (cp. Diog. L. 3, 2; Esth 2:18) Mt 22:4; Rv 19:9 δεῖπνον τοῦ γάμου (cp. Diog. L. 3, 2 ἐν γάμοις δειπνῶν; for the theme of an apocalyptic feast [sometimes referred to as ‘Messianic Banquet’ s. ABD IV 788] s. Is 25:6; 4 Esdr 2:38), but the term itself does not mean ‘wedding banquet’; nor do Herodas 7, 86; Diod S 4, 81, 4 support such interpretation.—Whether Lk 12:36; 14:8 refer to wedding celebrations or simply feasts (cp. Esth 9:22) cannot be determined w. certainty (s. IMarshall, Comm. on Luke ’78, 536).ⓐ of socially recognized nuptials marriage (Diod S 2, 5, 1; Maximus Tyr. 26, 6a; 26, 9d; Chion, Ep. 10; Herodian 3, 10, 5; POxy 905, 4 [170 A.D.] al.; pap; Wsd 14:24, 26; Jos., Ant. 6, 210, Vi.; Just., Tat., Ath.; πρὸς γάμον διδόναι Theoph. Ant. 3, 27 [p. 260, 23]) Hb 13:4; IPol 5:2.—Fig. of the Lamb’s apocalyptic nuptials Rv 19:7, 9.ⓑ of socially unrecognized nuptials (Dem. 18, 129, prostitution; Eur. Tro. 932) ἔκλεψεν τοὺς γ. αὐτῆς of Joseph: ‘he has stolen her nuptials’ has eloped with her (unacceptable in a society in which all aspects of entry into a marriage were governed by protocol) GJs 15:2; cp. vs. 4.③ a relatively large room that could serve as a place for celebration of a wedding, wedding hall ἐπλήσθη ὁ γάμος (v.l. νυμφών q.v.) ἀνακειμένων the hall was filled w. guests Mt 22:10 (cp. Twentieth Century NT et al.). But the absence of any confirmatory usage suggests that this pass. might better be considered under 1a (Mft.: ‘The marriage-banquet was supplied w. guests’).—B. 98. DELG s.v. γαμέω. M-M. TW. Sv. -
27 ἐπιβάλλω
ἐπιβάλλω (s. βάλλω) fut. ἐπιβαλῶ LXX; 2 aor. ἐπέβαλον, 3 pl. ἐπέβαλαν Mk 14:46 v.l.; Ac 21:27 v.l. (W-S. §13, 13; Mlt-H. 208); pf. 2 sg. ἐπιβέβληκας Ex 20:25. Pass.: fut. 3 sg. ἐπιβληθήσεται LXX; aor. 3 sg. ἐπεβλήθη LXX (Hom.+).① to put on, trans., act.ⓐ throw over τί τινι someth. on someone: βρόχον a noose 1 Cor 7:35 (perh. w. ref. to a halter that would help keep the wearers in check: ‘keep you on a tight rein’ REB). τί ἐπί τι Rv 18:19 v.l.ⓑ lay on, put on ἱμάτιόν τινι (Lev 19:19.—Od. 14, 520 χλαῖναν) Mk 11:7; without the dat. 10:50 v.l. τὴν χεῖρα lay the hand (Dt 15:10) ἐπί τι on someth. Lk 9:62. τὰς χεῖρας hands τινί on someone violently (Polyb. 3, 2, 8; 3, 5, 5; Lucian, Tim. 4; UPZ 106, 19 [99 B.C.]; Jos., Bell. 2, 491; Esth 6:2; Just., D. 95, 4) Mk 14:46; Ac 4:3. Also ἐπί τινα (PLeid G 19 [II B.C.], H 26) Mt 26:50; Lk 20:19; 21:12; J 7:44 (ἔβαλεν v.l.); Ac 5:18; 21:27 (Just., D. 93, 4 μέχρις … τοῦ Χριστοῦ ‘even on the Messiah’). The sing. τ. χεῖρα in this connection is rare (Aristoph., Nub. 933, Lysistr. 440; Gen 22:12; 2 Km 18:12) no one laid a hand on him J 7:30. ἐ. τὰς χεῖρας foll. by inf. of purpose Ac 12:1; ἐπίβλημα ἐπὶ ἱματίῳ Mt 9:16; ἐπὶ ἱμάτιον Lk 5:36.② set to, intr., act.ⓐ throw oneself or beat upon (Pla., Phdr. 248a; Polyb. 5, 18, 3; 1 Macc 4:2) break over τὰ κύματα εἰς τὸ πλοῖον the waves broke over the boat Mk 4:37.ⓑ The mng. of καὶ ἐπιβαλὼν ἔκλαιεν Mk 14:72 is in doubt. Theophylact. offers a choice betw. ἐπικαλυψάμενος τ. κεφαλήν (so ASchlatter, Zürcher Bibel ’31; Field, Notes 41–43; but in that case τὸ ἱμάτιον could scarcely be omitted) and ἀρξάμενος, which latter sense is supported by the v.l. ἤρξατο κλαίειν and can mean begin (PTebt 50, 12 [112/111 B.C.] ἐπιβαλὼν συνέχωσεν=‘he set to and dammed up’ [Mlt. 131f]; Diogen. Cyn. in Diog. L. 6, 27 ἐπέβαλε τερετίζειν). The transl. would then be and he began to weep (EKlostermann; OHoltzmann; JSchniewind; CCD; s. also B-D-F §308). Others (BWeiss; HHoltzmann; 20th Cent.; Weymouth; L-S-J-M) proceed fr. the expressions ἐ. τὸν νοῦν or τὴν διάνοιαν (Diod S 20, 43, 6) and fr. the fact that ἐ. by itself, used w. the dat., can mean think of (M. Ant. 10, 30; Plut., Cic. 862 [4, 4]; Ath. 7, 1 ‘deal with a problem’), to the mng. and he thought of it, or when he reflected on it., viz. Jesus’ prophecy. Wlh. ad loc. has urged against this view that it is made unnecessary by the preceding ἀνεμνήσθη κτλ. Least probable of all is the equation of ἐπιβαλών with ἀποκριθείς (HEwald) on the basis of Polyb. 1, 80, 1; 22, 3, 8; Diod S 13, 28, 5 ἐπιβαλὼν ἔφη. Both REB (‘he burst into tears’) and NRSV (‘he broke down and wept’) capture the sense. Prob. Mk intends the reader to understand a wild gesture connected with lamentation (s. EdeMartino, Morte e pianto rituale nel mondo antico, ’58, esp. 195–235).③ to be scheduled for someone’s possession, fall to, belong to, intr., act. an extension of mng. 2, τὸ ἐπιβάλλον μέρος the part that falls to someone (Diod S 14, 17, 5; SIG 346, 36; 546 B, 19; 1106, 80; POxy 715, 13ff; PFouad 25 verso I, 12f; PFay 93, 8; cp. Tob 6:12; Ath., R. 49, 2 τῆς ἐπιβαλλούσης ἑκάστῳ χώρας ‘the place appropriate to each’—Dssm., NB 57 [BS 230]) Lk 15:12 (JDerrett, Law in the NT ’70, 106). Impers. ἐπιβάλλει τινί someone has opportunity or it is proper for someone (Polyb. 18, 51, 1; OGI 443, 10; UPZ 110, 10 [164 B.C.] πᾶσιν ἐπιβάλλει; Tob 3:17; Jos., Bell. 1, 434, Ant. 19, 6) Pol 1:1. Lk 15:12 that which belongs to me, ‘is coming to me’.④ to apply oneself earnestly to someth., take someth. upon oneself, undertake (lit. ‘throw oneself upon’), mid. w. acc. (Thu. 6, 40, 2; UPZ 41, 26 [161/160 B.C.] πᾶν ὸ̔ ἂν ἐπιβάλλησθε; Just., D. 68, 1 w. inf.) πρᾶξιν Hm 10, 2, 2. πολλά Hs 6, 3, 5.—M-M. TW. -
28 ἱστός
I mast, ἱστὸν.. στῆσαν ἀείραντες they stepped the mast, Od.15.289, cf. Il.23.852, etc.;ἱστοὺς στησάμενοι Od.9.77
. cf. Il.1.480;ἱστὸν αἴρεσθαι X.HG6.2.29
; opp. καθαιρεῖν, κὰδ δ' ἕλον ἱστόν took it down, unstepped it, Od.15.496;κεραία καὶ ἱ. IG22.657.14
: generally, rod, pole,ἱστὸς χάλκεος Hdt.8.122
; beam, IG22.1672.306 (pl.).II beam of a loom, which stood upright, instead of lying horizontal as in our looms; πόσσω κατέβα τοι ἀφ' ἱστῶ; (sc. τὸ ἐμπερόναμα) Theoc.15.35; later ἱ. ὄρθιος (opp. the horizontal loom), Artem.3.36: generally, loom,ἱστόν τ' ἠλακάτην τε Il.6.491
, Schwyzer 180 ([place name] Crete), etc.; ἱ. στήσασθαι to set up the beam and so begin a web, Hes.Op. 779; ἱ. ἐποίχεσθαι to traverse the loom, because the weaver was obliged to walk to and fro, Il.1.31, Od.5.62.2 warp fixed to the beam: hence, the web itself,ἱστὸν ὕφαινε Il.3.125
, etc.;ἠματίη μὲν ὑφαίνεσκεν μέγαν ἱ., νύκτας δ' ἀλλύεσκεν Od. 2.104
;ἱ. μεταχειρίζεσθαι Pl.Phd. 84a
; ὁ ἐκτετμημένος ἱ. the web cut from the loom and finished, opp. ὁ πρὸς ἐκτομήν, Artem.l.c.; web of a certain size, piece, PHib.1.67.12 (iii B.C.), etc.;ὀθονίων ἱ. τπρισχίλιοι Plb.5.89.2
;τρεῖς ἱ. καθελεῖν Str.8.6.20
.IV a constellation, Aët.3.164. -
29 ἵππος
ἵππος, ὁ,A horse, ἡ, mare, most freq. fem. in Poets; in fullθήλεες ἵπποι Il.5.269
;ἵπποι θήλειαι 11.680
, Od.4.635;ἄρσενες ἵπποι 13.81
, cf. Hdt.3.86, Pl.Hp.Ma. 288b: pl., ἵπποι team of chariot-horses, Il.16.370, al.: freq. in dual, 5.237, 8.41, al.: hence, of the chariot itself, ἀφ' ἵπποιιν, ἀφ' ἵππων, from the chariot, Il.5.13,19,al.; καθ' ἵππων ἆλτο, ἐξ ἵππων βῆσε, ib. 111, 163; ἵππων ἐπιβησόμενος intending to mount his chariot, ib.46; opp.πεζοί, πλῆτο δὲ πᾶν πεδίον πεζῶν τε καὶ ἵππων Od.14.267
, cf. 9.49;ἵπποι τε καὶ ἀνέρες Il.2.554
;λαός τε καὶ ἵπποι 18.153
; of riders,νῶθ' ἵππων ἐπιβάντες ἐθύνεον Hes.Sc. 286
; freq. of race-horses,ἵ. ἀκαμαντόποδες Pi.O.3.4
;ἀελλόποδες Simon.7
;ἀθληταί Lys.19.63
: metaph., ἁλὸς ἵ., of ships, Od.4.708, cf. Secund. Sent.17.2 the constellation Pegasus, Eudox. ap. Hipparch.1.2.12, Ptol.Tetr.27, Vett.Val.12.11.3 title of Hecate in the Mithraic cult, Porph.Abst.4.16.4 perh. an instrument of torture, Lat. eculeus, Plu.Luc.20(pl.).II as Collective Noun, ἵππος, ἡ, horse, cavalry, ἡ τῶν Θεσσαλῶν ἵ. Hdt.5.64, etc.: always in sg., even with numerals, ἵ. χιλίη a thousand horse, Id.7.41; μυρίη ibid.; μυρία, τρισμυρία, A.Pers. 302, 315; ἡ διακοσία ἵ. Th.1.62;ἵππον ἔχω εἰς χιλίαν X.Cyr.4.6.2
.III a sea-fish, Antim. et Numen. ap. Ath. 7.304e; but ὁ ἵ. ὁ ποτάμιος the hippopotamus, Hdt.2.71, Arist.HA 502a9;ὁ ἵ. τοῦ Νείλου Ach.Tat.4.2
.b pudenda muliebria et virilia, Hsch.V a complaint of the eyes, such that they are always winking, Gal.16.611,al. (also in Hp., acc. to [Gal.]19.436).VI title of ministrants ('chuckersout') in certain religious ceremonies, IG22.1368.144 (Athens, ii A.D.), 3.1280a.VII in compds., to express anything large or coarse, as in our horse-chestnut, horse-laugh, v. ἱππό-κρημνος, -λάπαθον, -μάραθον, -πορνος, -σέλινον, -τυφία, and cf. βου-. (From ἴκϝος, v. ἴκκος; cf. Skt. aśvas, Lat. equus: the ἴ- (in place of e-) and the aspirate are unexplained; the latter acc. to Gell.2.3.2 was confined to Attic; cf. Λεύκ-ιππος, Γλαύκ-ιππος.) -
30 πύργος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `tower, wall-tower', also the fortification wall itself (Il.), metaph. `closed division of warriors, column' (Il.), `siege-tower' (X.), `farm-building', (LXX, pap., NT; lit. in Bauer Gr.-dt. Wb. s.v.).Compounds: Compp., e.g. πυργο-δάϊκτος `destroying towers' (A. Pers. 105 [lyr.]; prop. `with destroyed towers'? Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 82; s. also E. Williger Sprachl. Unt. zu den Kompp. der gr. Dicht. des V.Jh.s [Göttingen 1928] 45 n. 1), εὔ-πυργος `with fair towers, well-towered' (Η 71 a.o.).Derivatives: 1. Dimin. πυργ-ίον, - ίδιον, - ίς, - ίσκος, - ίσκιον, - ισκάριον (mostly hell. a. late); 2. - ωμα, mostly pl. - ώματα n. `tower structures' (Orac. ap. Hdt., A., E.); 3. πυργιτρον n. form a. meaning unclear (pap.VIp); 4. πυργ-ίτης n. `kind of sparrow' (Gal. a.o.; s. Redard 84 and on σποργίλος); - ῖτις βοτάνη H. 5. Adj. πύργ-ινος `consisting of towers' (A. in lyr.), - ειος `tower-like' (Ion., trag.), - ώδης `id.' (S.), - ῶτις `towered' (A. in lyr.; f. on *-ώτης, Redard 8); - ήρης `provided with towers, enclosed within towers or walls' (Orac. ap. Paus.) with - ηρέομαι `to be enclosed within towers or walls, to be besieged' (A., E.). 6. Adv. - ηδόν `columnwise' (Il.), `towerwise' (Aret.). 7. Verb πυργ-ῶσαι, - όω `to fence with towers, to pile up' (λ 264) with - ωτός `piled up' (Str. a.o.). 8. Πυργ-αλίδαι m. pl. n. of a guild in Kameiros (inscr.); after Τανταλ-ίδαι?Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Building technical expression; because of the striking similarity with NHG Burg, Goth. baurgs `town, tower' by Kretschmer Glotta 22, 100ff. taken as German. LW [loanword] through Northbalkan. (Macedon. ?) mediation. By others taken as Pre-Greek (Pelasgian as a form of Indo-European can now be forgotten. s. Furnée 40-55; s. Heubeck Praegraeca 63ff. w. further lit. In the same way is considered Πέργαμος, - ον, -α `the citadel (of Troy)', also PlN, to NHG Berg, Hitt. parkuš `high' etc.), s. Heubeck l.c. (Pok. 140f.), where also on the H.-glosses φύρκος τεῖχος and φ\<ο\> ύρκορ ὀχύρωμα (on this also Pisani Rev. int. ét. balk. 3, 22 n. 1); there is also a stronghold in Elis called Πύργος (Hdt. 4, 148, Str.) and a Φύρκος (Th. 5,49) -- On Lat. burgus (from Germ. or only influenced by it?) W.-Hofmann s.v. with Nachträgen. -- The forms with φυρκ- show well-known Pre-Greek alternations. To Asia Minor may point Urart. burgana `palace'. As to Περγαμον, the suffix - αμο- is Pre-Greek (cf. κάρδαμον). (Its non-IE character is confirmed by the place names Περγασα\/ Παργασα\/ Βαργασα, Furnée 64 n. 268, cf. on πάγασα) So the word is a normal Pre-Greek word.Page in Frisk: 2,629-630Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πύργος
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31 αὐτόθεν
αὐτόθεν, before a conson. sts. [full] αὐτόθε, Theoc.5.60, Supp.Epigr.2.293 (Delph., iii/ii B. C.): Adv.I of Place, = ἐξ αὐτοῦ τοῦ τόπου, from the very spot: freq. with a Prep., αὐ. ἐξ ἕδρης straight from his seat, without rising, Il.19.77;αὐ. ἐξ ἑδρέων Od.13.56
, cf. 21.420;ἐκ τοῦ Ἄργους αὐ. Th.5.83
;Ἄργεος ἐξ ἱεροῖο αὐ. Theoc.25.171
: rare in Trag.,σὺ δ' αὐ. μοι χαῖρε
from where you stand, not coming nearer,S.
OC 1137; τῶν μὲν αὐ. τῶν δὲ ἀπὸ Στρυμόνος some from the country itself, others.., Hdt.1.64; αὐ. παρασκευῇ ἐπιέναι with a force raised on the spot, Th.6.21; αὐ. πολεμοῦντα βιοτεύειν live on the country, Id.1.11;ὅπως αὐ. αὐτῷ τὰ σώματα καὶ τὴν γνώμην παρασκευάζοιντο X.Ages.1.28
;οἱ αὐ.
the natives,Th.
2.25, 6.21, cf. 4.129; χρυσὸς αὐ. in its native state,Plb.
34.10.12;ἐνθένδ' αὐ. Ar.Ach. 116
;ὕδωρ αὐ. ποθὲν συλλειβόμενον Luc.Alex.13
.II of Time, as we say on the spot, i.e. at once, immediately, Il.20.120, A.Supp. 102, Hdt.8.64, Th.1.141;δῆλός ἐστιν αὐ. Ar.Eq. 330
, cf.Ec. 246, Pl.Grg. 470e;λέγετε αὐ. Id.Smp. 213a
.2 obuiously, αὐ. ἐκφανής self-evident, Cleom.1.8;αὐ. γνώριμος Muson. Fr.1p.2H.
;αὐ. πρόδηλον S.E.P.2.164
;αὐ. φαίνεσθαι Plu.2.930a
;αὐ. ἐναργής Plot.5.5.1
.3 hastily, Plb.5.35.13, al., D.S.1.37.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > αὐτόθεν
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32 ἀγγεῖον
A vessel for holding liquid or dry substances (τοῦτο.. ξηροῖς καὶ ὑγροῖς.. ἐργασθέν, ἀγγεῖον ὃ δὴ μιἇ κλήσει προσφθεγγόμεθα Pl.Plt. 287e
); of metal, ἀργύρεα ἀ. silver jars or vases for water, Hdt.1.188;ἀργυρᾶ καὶ χαλκᾶ ἀ. Plu.2.695b
; ἐν ἀ. χαλκψ mortar, Thphr.Lap.60; ξύλινα ἀ. tubs, Hdt.4.2; vessels for holding money, in a treasury, Id.2.121.β'; for masons' use, Th.4.4; ὀστράκινα ἀ. Hp.Mul.2.193, LXX La.4.2; pails or buckets used by firemen, Plu.Rom.20; sacks of leather,θύλακοι καὶ ἄλλα ἀ. X.An. 6.4.23
;τὰς ῥαφὰς τῶν ἀ. Plu.Lys.16
; for corn, LXX Ge.42.25; for wine, LXX I Ki.25.18; for bread, I Ki.9.7; box for petitions, PTaur. I ii 6 (ii B. C.), etc.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀγγεῖον
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33 πιττάκιον
A tablet for writing on, label, ticket (cf. Eust.633.19 sq.), Dinol.7; written message, γράψας βραχὺ π. Plb.31.13.9, cf. D.L. 6.89, IG14.830.18 ([place name] Puteoli), POxy.136.36 (vi A.D.), etc.; ticket, pass, OGI674.21 (Egypt, i A.D.); receipt, PStrassb.44.3 (ii A.D.); votive tablet, CIG 3442 ([place name] Philadelphia); promissory note, BGU 1155.15 (i B.C.), etc.; account-book, POxy.297.4 (pl., i A.D.), PGoodsp.Cair. 30 iv 5 (ii A.D.), etc.II list of members of an association, hence of the association itself, PTeb. 112 Intr. (ii B.C.), etc.; cf. πιττακιάρχης.III Lat. pittacium, strip of leather, Cels.3.10.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πιττάκιον
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34 χνοάω
χνοάω, commoner form of foreg., of a girl's cheeks,Aμᾶλα τεὰ.. χνοάοντα Theoc.27.50
: more freq. of youths,τὴν παρειὰν χνοῶν Luc. Bacch.2
; c. acc. cogn.,χνοάοντα ἰούλους A.R.2.779
, cf. Opp.C.4.347; of the down itself, the bloom of the first down,A.R.
2.43;ἔτι χνοάοντος ἰούλου δευόμενος IG14.1362.1
([place name] Rome); of fruit, σίκυον χνοάοντα a gourd with the bloom on it, v.l. for χλοάοντα (ap. Sch.Ar., Suid.) in AP6.102 (Phil.): metaph., fresh,χνοόωσαν χάριν ὄμβρου Tryph.343
. -
35 ψηφοθέτης
A maker of tessellated pavements, Gloss.; written [full] ψηφοδ[έ]τας in Epigr.Gr. 532 ([place name] Perinthus):—hence [suff] ψηφο-θετέω, make such work, JRS 18.171 ([place name] Gerasa), Gloss.; and [suff] ψηφο-θέτημα, ατος, τό, the work itself, ib.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ψηφοθέτης
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36 ἁψίς
2 felloe of a wheel, Hes.Op. 426, Lyr.in PLG3.740; the wheel itself, Hdt.4.72, E.Hipp. 1233; κύκλος ἁψῖδος the potter's wheel, APl.4.191 (Nicaenet.).3 in Archit., dowel-pin, IG11(2).161A70 (De<*>los, iii B. C.).4 disk, τὴν ἡμερίαν ἁψῖδα, of the sun, E. Ion 88; segment cut off by rainbow, Arist.Mete. 371b28, cf. Poet. ap. Plu.2.103f.5 arch or vault (cf.ψαλίς 11
),ἐπὶ τὴν ὑπουράνιον ἁψῖδα Pl.Phdr. 247b
, cf. Suid. s.v. αἰθεροβατεῖν, Epigr.Gr. 1078 ([place name] Adana), IGRom.3.975, PMag.Lond.46.41; Bis Acc.33; triumphal arch, D.C.53.22,26, etc.: metaph.,κάμπτειν ἐπῶν ἁψῖδας Ar.Th. 53
.b σελάνας ἐς δεκάταν ἁψῖδα in the moon's tenth orbit, i. e. the tenth month, Hymn.Is.38. -
37 ἀτύζομαι
ἀτύζομαι, only part. pres. and aor. ἀτυχθείς: bewildered, dazed, distraught, the effect of fear, grief, etc.; ἥμεθ' ἀτυζόμεναι, ‘shocked,’ while the suitors were being killed, Od. 23.42 ; ἀτυζομένην ἀπολέσθαι, in a ‘dead fit,’ Andromache, Il. 22.474; w. acc., πατρὸς ὄψιν ἀτυχθείς, ‘terrified at,’ Il. 6.468 ; ἀτυζόμενοι φοβέοντο, Il. 6.41; hence with motion implied in the word itself, ( ἵππω) ἀτυζομένω πεδίοιο, ‘scouring wildly’ o'er the plain, π. gen. of place, Il. 6.38, etc.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἀτύζομαι
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38 ὅριον
ὅριον, τό,A = ὅρος, [var] Dim. only in form, boundary, limit, Hp.Off.3, Schwyzer664.4 (Orchom. Arc., iv B.C.), Epigr.Gr.978.12 ([place name] Philae), POxy.2134.18 (ii A.D.): mostly in pl., boundaries, bounds, frontier, E.Tr. 375, D.18.230, PCair.Zen.251.3(iii B.C.), Supp.Epigr.3.378B11 (Delph., ii/i B.C.) ; ἐπὶ τοῖς ὁ. on the frontier, Th.2.12, And.1.45 ; ὅρια κελεύθου limits of a road, i.e. the road itself, S.Fr. 721 (dub.);μὴ κινείτω γῆς ὅ. μηδείς Pl.Lg. 842e
; territories, LXXEx.10.4, al.2 Astrol., a subdivision of a zodiacal sign, appropriated to a planet, Ptol. Tetr.43, S.E.M.5.37, PMag.Lond.46.48, PTeb.277.15, Heph.Astr. 1.1, Man.2.166,4.265.II pl., rules, e.g. for the use of wine, Hp. Liqu.5.III ὅριον· τείχισμα, φραγμόν, Hsch.; soὅρια καὶ σταυρώματα Th.6.74
(restd. from Sch.). -
39 οἰκόπεδον
οἰκόπεδ-ον, τό,A site of a house, place on which a house is or has been built, IG12.325.14 (prob.), X.Vect.2.6, Aeschin.1.182, Arist.Pol. 1265b24 ; building-site, BGU906.21 (i A. D.), Dsc.2.158, etc. ; site of a city,πόλεως Plb.15.23.10
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > οἰκόπεδον
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40 ὀγκόω
ὀγκ-όω, [tense] aor. ὤγκωσα: [tense] aor. and [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. ὠγκώθην, ὤγκωμαι (v. infr.): ( ὄγκος B):—A raise up, rear,ἠρίον Alex.Aet.3.33
;ὤγκωσεν τάδε σήματα Epigr.Gr.233.9
([place name] Chios):—[voice] Pass.,τάφῳ ὀγκωθῆναι E. Ion 388
; and of the cairn itself,ὠγκώθην AP7.651
(Euph.);ὀστέα δ' ὀγκωθεὶς.. ἔδεκτο τάφος Epigr.Gr.233.4
.2 distend,τὸ πνεῦμα τὰς φλέβας ὀγκοῖ Arist.Somn.Vig. 457a13
, cf. Pr. 936b11 :—[voice] Pass., γαστὴρ ὠγκώθη was swollen by eating, Babr.86.5, cf. 111.19, Antyll. ap. Orib.7.16.3.3 endow with bulk or extension, Corp.Herm.8.3 : [tense] pf. part. [voice] Pass., Porph. Sent.33, Dam.Pr. 140.II metaph., bring to honour and dignity,βροτοῖς.. βίοτον ὀγκώσας μέγαν E.Andr. 320
; exalt, extol,Ἄργος ὀγκῶν Id.Heracl. 195
; ὀγκῶσαι τὸ φρόνημα puff up one's conceit, Ar.V. 1024 ; ὀ. [ τινὰ] ματαίως 'boost', Epicur.Ep.2p.41U. ; of style,ὤγκωσε τὴν νόησιν Longin.28.2
:—[voice] Med.,εἰ δὲ ταῦτ' ὀγκωσόμεσθα Ar.Ra. 703
:— [voice] Pass., to be puffed up, swollen, elated,ὀγκωθεὶς χλιδῇ S.Fr. 942
;δοκήσει δωμάτων ὠγκωμένος E.El. 381
; ;ὠγκωμένω ἐπὶ τῷ γένει X.Mem.1.2.25
: with a part.,ὀγκούμεθα ὁ μέν τις.., ὁ δὲ.. τίμιος κεκλημένος E.Hec. 623
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