Перевод: с греческого на английский

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the+opponent

  • 21 ἄνθρωπος

    ἄνθρωπος, ου, ὁ (Hom.+; loanw. in rabb.; ἡ ἄνθρωπος [Hdt. 1, 60, 5] does not appear in our lit.) ‘human being, man, person’.
    ① a person of either sex, w. focus on participation in the human race, a human being
    ⓐ ἐγεννήθη ἄ. J 16:21; εἰς χεῖρας ἀ. Mk 9:31; ψυχὴ ἀνθρώπου Ro 2:9; συνείδησις ἀ. 2 Cor 4:2; μέτρον ἀ. Rv 21:17.
    ⓑ in contrast to animals, plants, etc. Mt 4:19; 12:12; Mk 1:17; Lk 5:10; 1 Cor 15:39; 2 Pt 2:16; Rv 9:4, 7; 13:18 al. To angels (cp. Aristaen. 1, 24, end σάτυροι οὐκ ἄνθρωποι) 1 Cor 4:9; 13:1. To God (Aeschyl., Ag. 663 θεός τις οὐκ ἄνθ.; Aeschines 3, 137 θεοὶ κ. δαίμονες; Ael. Aristid. 30 p. 578 D.; Herm. Wr. 14, 8 θεοὺς κ. ἀνθρ.; οὐκ ἐλογίσατο ὅτι ἄ. ἐστιν PsSol 2:28) Hb 13:6 (Ps 117:6); Mt 10:32f; 19:6; Mk 10:9; J 10:33 (ἄνθ. ὤν=‘as a mortal human’, a favorite formula: X., An. 7, 6, 11; Menand., Epitr. 592 Kö.; Fgm.: 46; 395, 2 Kö; Comp. I 282; Alexis Com., Fgm. 150; Polyb. 3, 31, 3; Chariton 4, 4, 8 [WBlake ’38]; Heliod. 6, 9, 3; As early as Eur., Hipp. 472ff ἄνθρωπος οὖσα … κρείσσω δαιμόνων εἶναι θέλειν); Ac 10:26; 12:22; 14:11, 15; 1 Th 2:13; Phil 2:7. ἐντάλματα ἀνθρώπων human precepts Mt 15:9; Mk 7:7 (Is 29:13); w. οὐρανός (=God) Mt 21:25; Mk 11:30. ἀδύνατα παρὰ ἀνθρώποις Lk 18:27, cp. Mt 19:26. δοῦλοι ἀνθρώπων people’s slaves 1 Cor 7:23. πείθειν and ἀρέσκειν ἀ. Gal 1:10. μεσίτης θεοῦ καὶ ἀ. 1 Ti 2:5 al. θεὸς πάντας ἀνθρώπους θέλει σωθῆναι 1 Ti 2:4 (cp. Epict. 3, 24, 2 ὁ θεὸς πάντας ἀνθρώπους ἐπὶ τὸ εὐδαιμονεῖν ἐποίησεν).
    ⓒ in pl. w. gener. mng. (cp. Hom., Il. 21, 569; Od. 1, 351) οἱ ἄ. people, also one’s associates (Jos., Ant. 9, 28) Mt 5:13, 16; 6:1f, 5, 14, 18; 7:12; 8:27; 23:5; Mk 8:27 and often. οἱ τότε ἄ. the people of that time Pol 3:2.—οἱ υἱοὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων the offspring of human beings or simply human beings, people (Gen 11:5; 1 Esdr 4:37; Ps 10:4; En10:7 al.; PsSol 9:4) Mk 3:28; Eph 3:5. Sim. ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀ. as a self-designation of Jesus but s. next, also 2a and υἱός 2dγ.
    ⓓ Jesus Christ is called ἄ. as one who identifies with humanity (cp. ὁ Σωτὴρ ἄ. γενόμενος Did., Gen. 41, 28) 1 Ti 2:5; Hb 2:6a (Ps 8:5a; cp. Just., A II, 6, 4). He is in contrast to Adam Ro 5:15; 1 Cor 15:21, the πρῶτος ἄ. 1 Cor 15:45, 47 (cp. Philo, Abr. 56; s. DDD 112) as δεύτερος ἄ. vs. 47. On the nature and origin of this concept cp. Ltzm. and JWeiss on 1 Cor 15:45ff; WBousset, Kyrios Christos2 1921, 120 ff, Jesus der Herr 1916, 67ff; Rtzst., Mysterienrel.3 343ff, Erlösungsmyst. 107ff; ARawlinson, The NT Doctrine of the Christ 1926, 124ff; BStegmann, Christ, the ‘Man from Heaven’, a Study of 1 Cor 15:45–47: The Cath. Univ., Washington 1927; CKraeling, Anthropos and Son of Man 1927. S. on Ἀδάμ and on οὐρανός 2b.—On ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀ. as a self-designation of Jesus s.c end, above, and υἱός 2dγ.
    ② a member of the human race, w. focus on limitations and weaknesses, a human being
    ⓐ of physical aspect Js 5:17; subject to death Hb 9:27; Rv 8:11; Ro 5:12; sunken in sin (cp. fr. a different perspective Menand., Fgm. 432 Kö [499 K.] ἄνθρωπος ὢν ἥμαρτον; Herodas 5, 27 ἄνθρωπός εἰμι, ἥμαρτον; schol. on Apollon. Rhod. 4, 1015–17a σὺ ἄνθρωπος εἶ, οἷς τὸ ἁμαρτάνειν γίνεται ῥᾳδίως; cp. Orig. C. Cels. 3, 62, 17) 5:18f al., hence judged to be inferior Gal 1:1, 11f; Col 2:8, 22 (Is 29:13) or even carefully to be avoided προσέχειν ἀπὸ τ. ἀ. beware of (evil) men Mt 10:17; cp. Lk 6:22, 26.
    ⓑ of status κατὰ ἄνθρωπον (Aeschyl., Sept. 425; Pla., Phileb. 370f; Diod S 16, 11, 2; Athen. 10, 444b; Plut., Mor. 1042a; Witkowski 8, 5 [252 B.C.]) in a human way, from a human standpoint emphasizes the inferiority of human beings in comparison w. God; λαλεῖν 1 Cor 9:8; λέγειν Ro 3:5; Gal 3:15; περιπατεῖν 1 Cor 3:3. κ. ἄ. ἐθηριομάχησα perh. like an ordinary man (opp. as a Christian sure of the resurrection) 15:32. Of the gospel οὐκ ἔστιν κ. ἄ. Gal 1:11. Pl. κ. ἀνθρώπους (opp. κ. θεόν) 1 Pt 4:6.
    ③ a male person, man
    ⓐ adult male, man (Pla., Prot. 6, 314e, Phd. 66, 117e; Gen. 24:26ff; PsSol 17:17; TestAbr A 3 p. 79, 25 [Stone p. 6]; ParJer 5:20) Mt 11:8; Lk 7:25. σκληρὸς εἶ ἄ. Mt 25:24; cp. Lk 19:21f. In contrast to woman (Achilles Tat. 5, 22, 2; PGM 36, 225f; 1 Esdr 9:40; Tob 6:8) Mt 19:5; prob. Lk 13:19 (cp. vs. 21); Eph 5:31 (both Gen 2:24); 1 Cor 7:1; Ox 840, 39.
    ⓑ married person husband Mt 19:10.
    ⓒ an immediate descendant son, opp. father (Sir 3:11) Mt 10:35.
    ⓓ a person owned and therefore under the control of another slave (X., Mem. 2, 1, 15, Vect. 4, 14; Herodas 5, 78; BGU 830, 4; POxy. 1067, 30; 1159, 16) Lk 12:36. οἱ τοῦ πυρὸς ἄ. the persons in charge of the fire MPol 15:1; ἄ. τοῦ μεγάλου βασιλέως AcPl Ha 9, 1 (Aa I 111, 10). Perh. J 6:7.
    ④ practically equiv. to the indef. pron., w. the basic mng. of ἄ. greatly weakened (cp. 1c.) someone, one, a person.
    ⓐ without the art.
    α. used w. τὶς: ἐὰν γένηταί τινι ἀνθρώπῳ Mt 18:12. ἄνθρωπός τις κατέβαινεν a man was going down Lk 10:30. ἀνθρώπου τινὸς πλουσίου 12:16. ἄ. τις ἦν ὑδρωπικός 14:2, cp. vs. 16; 15:11; 16:1, 19; 19:12. ἦν τις ἄ. ἐκεῖ J 5:5. τινῶν ἀ. αἱ ἁμαρτίαι 1 Ti 5:24.
    β. without τὶς, and somet. nearly equiv. to it (Paus. 5, 7, 3 ἐξ ἀνθρώπου=from someone) εἷς ἄ.=εἷς τις an individual J 11:50, cp. 18:14. εἶδεν ἄνθρωπον καθήμενον he saw someone sitting Mt 9:9. ἰδοὺ ἄ. χεῖρα ἔχων ξηράν there was someone with a shriveled hand 12:10. λαβὼν ἄ. a person took 13:31; cp. Mk 1:23; 3:1; 4:26; 5:2; 7:11; 10:7 (Gen 2:24); Lk 2:25; 4:33; 5:18; 6:48f; 13:19; J 3:4, 27 al. Used w. negatives ἄ. οὐκ ἔχω I have nobody J 5:7. οὐδέποτε ἐλάλησεν οὕτως ἄ. nobody has ever spoken like that 7:46.
    γ. in indef. and at the same time general sense, oft.= one (Ger. man, Fr. on) οὕτως ἡμᾶς λογιζέσθω ἄ. lit. this is how one or a person (i.e. you) should regard us 1 Cor 4:1; cp. Mt 16:26; Ro 3:28; 1 Cor 7:26; 11:28; Gal 2:16; 6:7; Js 2:24.
    δ. w. relative foll. δεῦτε ἴδετε ἄ. ὸ̔ς εἶπέν μοι come and see someone who (contrast w. ἀνήρ vss. 16–18) told me J 4:29. ἄ. ὸ̔ς τὴν ἀλήθειαν ὑμῖν λελάληκα 8:40. For Ac 19:16 s. 6 below.
    ε. used pleonastically w. a noun (cp. usage s.v. ἀνήρ 1dα) (Il. 16, 263; Lev 21:9; Sir 8:1; 1 Macc 7:14) ἄ. φάγος a glutton Mt 11:19; Lk 7:34; ἄ. ἔμπορος a merchant Mt 13:45; ἄ. οἰκοδεσπότης vs. 52; 21:33; ἄ. βασιλεύς (Horapollo 2, 85; Jos., Ant. 6, 142) 18:23; 22:2; ἄ. θηριομάχος AcPl Ha 5, 30.—Likew. w. names indicating local or national origin (X., An. 6, 4, 23; Ex 2:11 ἄ. Αἰγύπτιος) ἄ. Κυρηναῖος a Cyrenaean Mt 27:32; ἄ. Ἰουδαῖος Ac 21:39; ἄ. Ῥωμαῖος 16:37; 22:25. W. adj., giving them the character of nouns (Menand., Fgm. 518 Kö ἄ. φίλος; PFlor 61, 60; PAmh 78, 13 ἄ. αὐθάδης; PStras 41, 40 πρεσβύτης ἄ. εἰμι; Sir 8:2 al.) ἄ. τυφλός (EpJer 36) a blind person J 9:1; ἄ. ἁμαρτωλός (Sir 11:32; 32:17) vs. 16; ἄ. αἱρετικός Tit 3:10. Likew. w. ptc. ἄ. σπείρων a sower Mt 13:24.
    ζ. pleonastic are also the combinations τίς ἄ.; who? Mt 7:9; Lk 15:4; πᾶς ἄ. (PsSol 2:9; 17:27 [both times after οὐ]; ParJer 8:7; cp. Just., D. 3) everyone J 2:10; Js 1:19; πάντες ἄ. all people Ac 22:15, everyone 1 Cor 7:7; εἷς ἄ. J 11:50; δύο ἄ. Lk 18:10. Likew. the partitive gen. ἀνθρώπων w. οὐδείς (cp. Mimnermus 1, 15f Diehl2 οὐ δέ τίς ἐστιν ἀνθρώπων) Mk 11:2; Lk 19:30, μηδείς Ac 4:17, τίς 19:35; 1 Cor 2:11.—MBlack, An Aramaic Approach3, ’67, 106f.
    ⓑ w. the generic art. (Wsd 2:23; 4 Macc 2:21; PsSol 5:16; Just., D. 20, 2) ὁ ἀγαθὸς ἄ. the good person, opp. ὁ πονηρὸς ἄ. the evil person Mt 12:35. οὐκ ἐπʼ ἄρτῳ ζήσεται ὁ ἄ. no one can live on bread (Dt 8:3) 4:4. κοινοῖ τὸν ἄ. defiles a person 15:11, 18; cp. Mk 7:15, 20; τὸ σάββατον διὰ τὸν ἄ. ἐγένετο 2:27; τί ἦν ἐν τῷ ἀ. J 2:25; κρίνειν τὸν ἄ. 7:51; ὁ νόμος κυριεύει τοῦ ἀ. Ro 7:1; ὁ ποιήσας ἄ. everyone who does it 10:5 (Lev 18:5; 2 Esdr 19:29); κακὸν τῷ ἀ. τῷ διὰ προσκόμματος ἐσθίοντι wrong for anyone who eats w. misgivings Ro 14:20 al.
    ⓒ w. qualifying gen. ἄνθρωποι εὐδοκίας Lk 2:14 (εὐδοκία 1). ὁ ἄ. τῆς ἀνομίας (v.l. ἁμαρτίας) 2 Th 2:3. ἄ. (τοῦ) θεοῦ man of God 1 Ti 6:11; 2 Ti 3:17; 2 Pt 1:21 v.l. (3 Km 12:22; 13:1; 17:24; 4 Km 1:9ff; 2 Ch 8:14 al.; TestJob 53:4; EpArist 140; Philo, Gig. 61, Deus Imm. 138f. But also Sextus 2; 3; Herm. Wr. 1, 32; 13, 20; PGM 4, 1177, where no comma is needed betw. ἄ. and θ. Cp. Callim. 193, 37 [Pf.]).
    ⓐ the two sides of human nature as ὁ ἔξω ἄ. the outer being, i.e. human beings in their material, transitory, and sinful aspects 2 Cor 4:16, and, on the other hand, ὁ ἔσω ἄ. the inner being, i.e. humans in their transcendent significance, striving toward God Ro 7:22; 2 Cor 4:16; Eph 3:16 (cp. Pla., Rep. 9, 589a ὁ ἐντὸς ἄνθρωπος; Plotinus, Enn. 5, 1, 10 ὁ εἴσω ἄ.; Philo, Plant. 42 ὁ ἐν ἡμῖν πρὸς ἀλήθειαν ἄ., τουτέστιν ὁ νοῦς, Congr. Erud. Grat. 97, Det. Pot. Insid. 23; Zosimus in Rtzst., Poim. 104 ἔσω αὐτοῦ ἄνθρωπος πνευματικός. Cp. Rtzst., Mysterienrel.3 354f; WGutbrod, D. paulin. Anthropologie ’34; KSchäfer, FTillmann Festschr. ’34, 25–35; RJewett, Paul’s Anthropological Terms, ’71, 391–401). Similar in mng. is ὁ κρυπτὸς τῆς καρδίας ἄ. the hidden person of the heart=ὁ ἔσω ἄ. 1 Pt 3:4.
    ⓑ from another viewpoint, w. contrast of παλαιὸς and καινὸς (νέος) ἄ. Ro 6:6; Eph 4:22, 24; Col 3:9 (cp. Dg 2:1; Jesus as καινὸς ἄ. IEph 20:1 is the new being, who is really God), or of ὁ ψυχικὸς ἄ. and ὁ πνευματικὸς ἄ. 1 Cor 2:14f (s. πνευματικός 2aγ). τὸν τέλειον ἄ. GMary 463, 27.
    ⑥ a person who has just been mentioned in a narrative, w. the art. the person (Diod S 37, 18 ὁ ἄ. εἶπε; Just., A II, 2, 12) Mt 12:13; Mk 3:5; 5:8; J 4:50; Ac 19:16 al.
    ⑦ a pers. perceived to be contemptible, a certain person w. a connotation of contempt (Diogenianus Epicureus [II A.D.] in Eus., PE 6, 8, 30 calls Chrysippus, his opponent, contemptuously ὁ ἄ.; Artem. 5, 67 ἡ ἄνθρωπος of a prostitute; UPZ 72, 6 [152 B.C.]; BGU 1208 I, 25; Plut., Mor 870c.—ASvensson [ὁ, ἡ, τό beg.]; AWilhelm, Anzeiger der Ak. d. W. in Wien, phil.-Hist. Kl. ’37 [XXIII–XXVI 83–86]) οὐκ οἶδα τὸν ἄ. I don’t know the fellow (of Jesus, as oft. in these exx.) Mt 26:72, 74; Mk 14:71. προσηνέγκατέ μοι τὸν ἄ. τοῦτον Lk 23:14; ὁ ἄ. οὕτος AcPl Ox 6, 18 (= Aa I 242, 1). εἰ ὁ ἄ. Γαλιλαῖός ἐστιν Lk 23:6. τίς ἐστιν ὁ ἄ. J 5:12. ἰδοὺ ὁ ἄ. here’s the fellow! 19:5 (on the attempt to arouse pity, cp. Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 68, 4 Jac., Cyrus in connection w. the downfall of Croesus; Diog. L. 2:13 Pericles in the interest of Anaxagoras, his teacher; Jos., Ant. 19, 35f). μὴ οἰέσθω ὁ ἄ. ἐκεῖνος such a person must not expect Js 1:7.
    ⑧ in address, varying from a familiar tone to one that is more formal ἄνθρωπε friend (X., Cyr. 2, 2, 7; Plut., Mor. 553e) indicating a close relationship between the speaker and the one addressed Lk 5:20; sir Ἄνθρωπε, ποῦ πορεύῃ; ‘Sir, where are you going?’ GJs 19:1 (not pap), the woman is a stranger to Joseph. W. a reproachful connotation, man! (Diogenes the Cynic in Diog. L. 6, 56; Diod S 33, 7, 4; Chariton 6, 7, 9; Ps.-Callisth. 1, 31, 1) Lk 12:14; 22:58, 60; Hm 10, 1, 2 (ἄνθρωπος Joly). Also in rhetorical address, in a letter Ro 2:1, 3; 9:20 (Pla., Gorg. 452b σὺ δὲ … τίς εἶ, ὦ ἄνθρωπε); Js 2:20. (Cp. Pla., Apol. 16 p. 28b; Epict. index Schenkl; Mi 6:8; Ps 54:14.—JWackernagel, Über einige antike Anredeformen: Progr. Gött. 1912.)
    ⑨ a heavenly being that looked like a person, a human figure of GPt 11:44 (cp. Just., D. 58, 10 ἐν ἰδέᾳ ἀνθρώπου [on Gen 32:25]; Tat. 21, 1 θεὸν ἐν ἀνθρώπου μορφῇ γεγονέναι).—JNielen, D. Mensch in der Verkünd. der Ev.: FTillmann Festschr. ’34, 14–24; Gutbrod op. cit. 2cα; WKümmel, Man in the NT, tr. JVincent, ’63; also Vock and Seiler ἀνήρ end.—B. 80. EDNT (lit.). DELG. M-M. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἄνθρωπος

  • 22 ὡς

    ὡς (Hom.+; loanw. in rabb.) relative adv. of the relative pron. ὅς. It is used as
    ① a comparative particle, marking the manner in which someth. proceeds, as, like
    ⓐ corresponding to οὕτως=‘so, in such a way’: σωθήσεται, οὕτως ὡς διὰ πυρός he will be saved, (but only) in such a way as (one, in an attempt to save oneself, must go) through fire (and therefore suffer fr. burns) 1 Cor 3:15. τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γυναῖκα οὕτως ἀγαπάτω ὡς ἑαυτόν Eph 5:33; cp. vs. 28. ἡμέρα κυρίου ὡς κλέπτης οὕτως ἔρχεται 1 Th 5:2. The word οὕτως can also be omitted ἀσφαλίσασθε ὡς οἴδατε make it as secure as you know how = as you can Mt 27:65. ὡς οὐκ οἶδεν αὐτός (in such a way) as he himself does not know = he himself does not know how, without his knowing (just) how Mk 4:27. ὡς ἀνῆκεν (in such a way) as is fitting Col 3:18. Cp. 4:4; Eph 6:20; Tit 1:5 (cp. Just., A I, 3, 1 ὡς πρέπον ἐστίν). ὡς πᾶσα γυνὴ γεννᾷ GJs 11:2; ὡς ἀπεκαλύφθη AcPlCor 1:8.
    ⓑ special uses
    α. in ellipses (TestAbr A 12 p. 90, 22 [Stone p. 28] θρόνος … ἐξαστράπτων ὡς πῦρ; TestJob 20:3 χρήσασθαι … ὡς ἐβούλετο; JosAs 12:7 πρὸς σὲ κατέφυγον ὡς παιδίον ἐπὶ τὸν πατέρα) ἐλάλουν ὡς νήπιος I used to speak as a child (is accustomed to speak) 1 Cor 13:11a; cp. bc; Mk 10:15; Eph 6:6a; Phil 2:22; Col 3:22. ὡς τέκνα φωτὸς περιπατεῖτε walk as (is appropriate for) children of light Eph 5:8; cp. 6:6b. ὡς ἐν ἡμέρᾳ as (it is one’s duty to walk) in the daylight Ro 13:13. The Israelites went through the Red Sea ὡς διὰ ξηρᾶς γῆς as (one travels) over dry land Hb 11:29. οὐ λέγει ὡς ἐπὶ πολλῶν ἀλλʼ ὡς ἐφʼ ἑνός he speaks not as one would of a plurality (s. ἐπί 8), but as of a single thing Gal 3:16.—Ro 15:15; 1 Pt 5:3. Also referring back to οὕτως (GrBar 6:16 ὡς γὰρ τὰ δίστομα οὕτως καὶ ὁ ἀλέκτωρ μηνύει τοῖς ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ like articulate beings the rooster informs earth’s inhabitants) οὕτως τρέχω ὡς οὐκ ἀδήλως I run as (a person) with a fixed goal 1 Cor 9:26a. Cp. ibid. b; Js 2:12.
    β. ὡς and the words that go w. it can be the subj. or obj., of a clause: γενηθήτω σοι ὡς θέλεις let it be done (= it will be done) for you as you wish Mt 15:28. Cp. 8:13; Lk 14:22 v.l. (for ὅ; cp. ὡς τὸ θέλημά σου OdeSol 11:21). The predicate belonging to such a subj. is to be supplied in οὐχ ὡς ἐγὼ θέλω (γενηθήτω) Mt 26:39a.—ἐποίησεν ὡς προσέταξεν αὐτῷ ὁ ἄγγελος he did as (= that which) the angel commanded him (to do) Mt 1:24; cp. 26:19 (on the structure s. RPesch, BZ 10, ’66, 220–45; 11, ’67, 79–95; cp. the formula Job 42:9 and the contrasting negation Ex 1:17; s. also Ex 3:21f); 28:15.—Practically equivalent to ὅ, which is a v.l. for it Mk 14:72 (JBirdsall, NovT 2, ’58, 272–75; cp. Lk 14:22 above).
    γ. ἕκαστος ὡς each one as or according to what Ro 12:3; 1 Cor 3:5; 7:17ab; Rv 22:12. ὡς ἦν δυνατὸς ἕκαστος each person interpreted them as best each could Papias (2:16).
    δ. in indirect questions (X., Cyr. 1, 5, 11 ἀπαίδευτοι ὡς χρὴ συμμάχοις χρῆσθαι) ἐξηγοῦντο ὡς ἐγνώσθη αὐτοῖς ἐν τῇ κλάσει τοῦ ἄρτου they told how he had made himself known to them when they broke bread together Lk 24:35. Cp. Mk 12:26 v.l. (for πῶς); Lk 8:47; 23:55; Ac 10:38; 20:20; Ro 11:2; 2 Cor 7:15.
    ② a conjunction marking a point of comparison, as. This ‘as’ can have a ‘so’ expressly corresponding to it or not, as the case may be; further, both sides of the comparison can be expressed in complete clauses, or one or even both may be abbreviated.
    ⓐ ὡς is correlative w. οὕτως=so. οὕτως … ὡς (so, in such a way) … as: οὐδέποτε ἐλάλησεν οὕτως ἄνθρωπος ὡς οὗτος λαλεῖ ὁ ἄνθρωπος J 7:46. ὡς … οὕτως Ac 8:32 (Is 53:7); 23:11; Ro 5:15 (ὡς τὸ παράπτωμα, οὕτως καὶ τὸ χάρισμα, both halves to be completed), 18. ὡς κοινωνοί ἐστε τῶν παθημάτων, οὕτως καὶ τῆς παρακλήσεως as you are comrades in suffering, so (shall you be) in comfort as well 2 Cor 1:7. Cp. 7:14; 11:3 v.l.—ὡς … καί as … so (Plut., Mor. 39e; Ath. 15, 2) Mt 6:10; Ac 7:51; 2 Cor 13:2; Gal 1:9; Phil 1:20.
    ⓑ The clause beginning w. ὡς can easily be understood and supplied in many cases; when this occurs, the noun upon which the comparison depends can often stand alone, and in these cases ὡς acts as a particle denoting comparison. οἱ δίκαιοι ἐκλάμψουσιν ὡς ὁ ἥλιος the righteous will shine out as the sun (shines) Mt 13:43. ὡς ἐπὶ λῃστὴν ἐξήλθατε συλλαβεῖν με as (one goes out) against a robber, (so) you have gone out to arrest me 26:55 (Mel., P. 79, 574 ὡς ἐπὶ φόνιον λῄστην). γίνεσθε φρόνιμοι ὡς οἱ ὄφεις be (as) wise as serpents (are) 10:16b. Cp. Lk 12:27; 21:35; 22:31; J 15:6; 2 Ti 2:17; 1 Pt 5:8.
    ⓒ Semitic infl. is felt in the manner in which ὡς, combined w. a subst., takes the place of a subst. or an adj.
    α. a substantive
    א. as subj. (cp. Da 7:13 ὡς υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου ἤρχετο; cp. 10:16, 18) ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου (ἦν) ὡς θάλασσα ὑαλίνη before the throne there was something like a sea of glass Rv 4:6. Cp. 8:8; 9:7a. ἀφʼ ἑνὸς ἐγενήθησαν ὡς ἡ ἄμμος from one man they have come into being as the sand, i.e. countless descendants Hb 11:12.
    ב. as obj. (JosAs 17:6 εἶδεν Ἀσενὲθ ὡς ἅρμα πυρός) ᾂδουσιν ὡς ᾠδὴν καινήν they were singing, as it were, a new song Rv 14:3. ἤκουσα ὡς φωνήν I heard what sounded like a shout 19:1, 6abc; cp. 6:1.
    β. as adjective, pred. (mostly εἶναι, γίνεσθαι ὡς; the latter also in rendering of ךְּ to express the basic reality of something: GDelling, Jüd. Lehre u. Frömmigkeit ’67, p. 58, on ParJer 9:7) ἐὰν μὴ γένησθε ὡς τὰ παιδία if you do not become child-like Mt 18:3. ὡς ἄγγελοί εἰσιν they are similar to angels 22:30. πᾶσα σὰρξ ὡς χόρτος 1 Pt 1:24. Cp. Mk 6:34; 12:25; Lk 22:26ab; Ro 9:27 (Is 10:22); 29a (Is 1:9a); 1 Cor 4:13; 7:7f, 29–31; 9:20f; 2 Pt 3:8ab (Ps 89:4); Rv 6:12ab al. (cp. GrBar 14:1 ἐγένετο φωνὴ ὡς βροντή). Sim. also ποίησόν με ὡς ἕνα τῶν μισθίων σου treat me like one of your day laborers Lk 15:19.—The adj. or adjectival expr. for which this form stands may be used as an attribute πίστιν ὡς κόκκον σινάπεως faith like a mustard seed=faith no greater than a tiny mustard seed Mt 17:20; Lk 17:6. προφήτης ὡς εἷς τῶν προφητῶν Mk 6:15. Cp. Ac 3:22; 7:37 (both Dt 18:15); 10:11; 11:5. ἐγένετο ὡς εἷς τῶν φευγόντων AcPl Ha 5, 18. ἀρνίον ὡς ἐσφαγμένον a lamb that appeared to have been slaughtered Rv 5:6.—In expressions like τρίχας ὡς τρίχας γυναικῶν 9:8a the second τρίχας can be omitted as self-evident (Ps 54:7 v.l.): ἡ φωνὴ ὡς σάλπιγγος 4:1; cp. 1:10; 9:8b; 13:2a; 14:2c; 16:3.
    ⓓ other noteworthy uses
    α. ὡς as can introduce an example ὡς καὶ Ἠλίας ἐποίησεν Lk 9:54 v.l.; cp. 1 Pt 3:6; or, in the combination ὡς γέγραπται, a scripture quotation Mk 1:2 v.l.; 7:6; Lk 3:4; Ac 13:33; cp. Ro 9:25; or even an authoritative human opinion Ac 17:28; 22:5; 25:10; or any other decisive reason Mt 5:48; 6:12 (ὡς καί).
    β. ὡς introduces short clauses: ὡς εἰώθει as his custom was Mk 10:1. Cp. Hs 5, 1, 2. ὡς λογίζομαι as I think 1 Pt 5:12. ὡς ἐνομίζετο as was supposed Lk 3:23 (Diog. L. 3, 2 ὡς Ἀθήνησιν ἦν λόγος [about Plato’s origin]; TestAbr A 5 p. 82, 32 [Stone p. 12] ὡς ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ; Just., A I, 6, 2 ὡς ἐδιδάχθημεν). ὡς ἦν as he was Mk 4:36. ὡς ἔφην Papias (2:15) (ApcMos 42; cp. Just., A I, 21, 6 ὡς προέφημεν).
    γ. The expr. οὕτως ἐστὶν ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ ὡς ἄνθρωπος βάλῃ τὸν σπόρον Mk 4:26 may well exhibit colloquial syntax; but some think that ἄν (so one v.l. [=ἐάν, which is read by many mss.]) once stood before ἄνθρωπος and was lost inadvertently. S. the comm., e.g. EKlostermann, Hdb. z. NT4 ’50 ad loc.; s. also Jülicher, Gleichn. 539; B-D-F §380, 4; Mlt. 185 w. notes; Rdm.2 154; Rob. 928; 968.
    ③ marker introducing the perspective from which a pers., thing, or activity is viewed or understood as to character, function, or role, as
    ⓐ w. focus on quality, circumstance, or role
    α. as (JosAs 26:7 ἔγνω … Λευὶς … ταῦτα πάντα ὡς προφήτης; Just., A I, 7, 4 ἵνα ὡς ἄδικος κολάζηται) τί ἔτι κἀγὼ ὡς ἁμαρτωλὸς κρίνομαι; why am I still being condemned as a sinner? Ro 3:7. ὡς σοφὸς ἀρχιτέκτων 1 Cor 3:10. ὡς ἀρτιγέννητα βρέφη as newborn children (in reference to desire for maternal milk) 1 Pt 2:2. μή τις ὑμῶν πασχέτω ὡς φονεύς 4:15a; cp. b, 16.—1:14; 1 Cor 7:25; 2 Cor 6:4; Eph 5:1; Col 3:12; 1 Th 2:4, 7a.—In the oblique cases, genitive (ApcSed 16:2 ὡς νέου αὐτοῦ ἐπαράβλεπον τὰ πταίσματα αὐτοῦ; Just., A I, 14, 4 ὑμέτερον ἔστω ὡς δυνατῶν βασιλέων): τιμίῳ αἵματι ὡς ἀμνοῦ ἀμώμου Χριστοῦ with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish 1 Pt 1:19. δόξαν ὡς μονογενοῦς παρὰ πατρός glory as of an only-begotten son, coming from the Father J 1:14. Cp. Hb 12:27. Dative (Ath. 14, 2 θύουσιν ὡς θεοῖς; 28, 3 πιστεύειν ὡς μυθοποιῷ; Stephan. Byz. s.v. Κυνόσαργες: Ἡρακλεῖ ὡς θεῷ θύων): λαλῆσαι ὑμῖν ὡς πνευματικοῖς 1 Cor 3:1a; cp. bc; 10:15; 2 Cor 6:13; Hb 12:5; 1 Pt 2:13f; 3:7ab; 2 Pt 1:19. Accusative (JosAs 22:8 ἠγάπα αὐτὸν ὡς ἄνδρα προφήτην; Just., A I, 4, 4 τὸ ὄνομα ὡς ἔλεγχον λαμβάνετε; Tat. 27, 1 ὡς ἀθεωτάτους ἡμᾶς ἐκκηρύσσετε; Ath. 16, 4 οὐ προσκυνῶ αὐτὰ ὡς θεοὺς): οὐχ ὡς θεὸν ἐδόξασαν Ro 1:21; 1 Cor 4:14; 8:7; Tit 1:7; Phlm 16; Hb 6:19; 11:9. παρακαλῶ ὡς παροίκους καὶ παρεπιδήμους 1 Pt 2:11 (from the perspective of their conversion experience the recipients of the letter are compared to temporary residents and disenfranchised foreigners, cp. the imagery 1 Pt 1:19 above and s. παρεπίδημος and πάροικος 2).—This is prob. also the place for ὸ̔ ἐὰν ποιῆτε, ἐργάζεσθε ὡς τῷ κυρίῳ whatever you have to do, do it as work for the Lord Col 3:23. Cp. Eph 5:22. εἴ τις λαλεῖ ὡς λόγια θεοῦ if anyone preaches, (let the pers. do so) as if (engaged in proclaiming the) words of God 1 Pt 4:11a; cp. ibid. b; 2 Cor 2:17bc; Eph 6:5, 7.
    β. ὡς w. ptc. gives the reason for an action as one who, because (X., Cyr. 7, 5, 13 κατεγέλων τῆς πολιορκίας ὡς ἔχοντες τὰ ἐπιτήδεια; Appian, Liby. 56 §244 μέμφεσθαι τοῖς θεοῖς ὡς ἐπιβουλεύουσι=as being hostile; Polyaenus 2, 1, 1; 3, 10, 3 ὡς ἔχων=just as if he had; TestAbr B 8 p. 112, 17 [Stone p. 72] ὡς αὐτῷ ὄντι φίλῳ μου (do it for) him [Abraham] as a friend of mine; TestJob 17:5 καθʼ ἡμῶν ὡς τυραννούντων against us as though we were tyrants; ApcMos 23 ὡς νομίζοντες on the assumption that (we would not be discovered); Jos., Ant. 1, 251; Ath. 16, 1 ὁ δὲ κόσμος οὐχ ὡς δεομένου τοῦ θεοῦ γέγονεν; SIG 1168, 35); Paul says: I appealed to the Emperor οὐχ ὡς τοῦ ἔθνους μου ἔχων τι κατηγορεῖν not that I had any charge to bring against my (own) people Ac 28:19 (PCairZen 44, 23 [257 B.C.] οὐχ ὡς μενῶν=not as if it were my purpose to remain there). ὡς foll. by the gen. abs. ὡς τὰ πάντα ἡμῖν τῆς θείας δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ δεδωρημένης because his divine power has granted us everything 2 Pt 1:3. Cp. Dg. 5:16.—Only in isolated instances does ὡς show causal force when used w. a finite verb for, seeing that (PLeid 16, 1, 20; Lucian, Dial. Mort. 17, 2, end, Vit. Auct. 25; Aesop, Fab. 109 P.=148 H.; 111 H-H.: ὡς εὐθέως ἐξελεύσομαι=because; Tetrast. Iamb. 1, 6, 3; Nicetas Eugen. 6, 131 H. Cp. Herodas 10, 3: ὡς=because [with the copula ‘is’ to be supplied]) Mt 6:12 (ὡς καί as Mk 7:37 v.l.; TestDan 3:1 v.l.; the parallel Lk 11:4 has γάρ). AcPlCor 1:6 ὡς οὖν ὁ κύριος ἠλέησεν ἡμᾶς inasmuch as the Lord has shown us mercy (by permitting us). So, more oft., καθώς (q.v. 3).
    γ. ὡς before the predicate acc. or nom. w. certain verbs functions pleonastically and further contributes to the aspect of perspective ὡς προφήτην ἔχουσιν τὸν Ἰωάννην Mt 21:26. Cp. Lk 16:1. λογίζεσθαί τινα ὡς foll. by acc. look upon someone as 1 Cor 4:1; 2 Cor 10:2 (for this pass. s. also c below). Cp. 2 Th 3:15ab; Phil 2:7; Js 2:9.
    ⓑ w. focus on a conclusion existing only in someone’s imagination or based solely on someone’s assertion (PsSol 8:30; Jos., Bell. 3, 346; Just., A I, 27, 5; Mel., P. 58, 422) προσηνέγκατέ μοι τὸν ἄνθρωπον τοῦτον ὡς ἀποστρέφοντα τὸν λαόν, καὶ ἰδοὺ … you have brought this fellow before me as one who (as you claim) is misleading the people, and now … Lk 23:14. τί καυχᾶσαι ὡς μὴ λαβών; why do you boast, as though you (as you think) had not received? 1 Cor 4:7. Cp. Ac 3:12; 23:15, 20; 27:30. ὡς μὴ ἐρχομένου μου as though I were not coming (acc. to their mistaken idea) 1 Cor 4:18. ὡς μελλούσης τῆς πόλεως αἴρεσθαι assuming that the city was being destroyed AcPl Ha 5, 16.
    ⓒ w. focus on what is objectively false or erroneous ἐπιστολὴ ὡς διʼ ἡμῶν a letter (falsely) alleged to be from us 2 Th 2:2a (Diod S 33, 5, 5 ἔπεμψαν ὡς παρὰ τῶν πρεσβευτῶν ἐπιστολήν they sent a letter which purported to come from the emissaries; Diog. L. 10:3 falsified ἐπιστολαὶ ὡς Ἐπικούρου; Just., A, II, 5, 5 ὡς ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ σπορᾷ γενομένους υἱούς). τοὺς λογιζομένους ἡμᾶς ὡς κατὰ σάρκα περιπατοῦντας 2 Cor 10:2 (s. also aγ above). Cp. 11:17; 13:7. Israel wishes to become righteous οὐκ ἐκ πίστεως ἀλλʼ ὡς ἐξ ἔργων not through faith but through deeds (the latter way being objectively wrong) Ro 9:32 (Rdm.2 26f). ὡς ἐκ παραδόσεως ἀγράφου εἰς αὐτὸν ἥκοντα (other matters he recounts) as having reached him through unwritten tradition (Eus. about Papias) Papias (2:11).
    ④ conj., marker of result in connection with indication of purpose=ὥστε so that (Trag., Hdt.+, though nearly always w. the inf.; so also POxy 1040, 11; PFlor 370, 10; Wsd 5:12; TestJob 39:7; ApcMos 38; Jos., Ant. 12, 229; Just., A I, 56, 2; Tat. 12, 2. W. the indic. X., Cyr. 5, 4, 11 οὕτω μοι ἐβοήθησας ὡς σέσῳσμαι; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 8, 7 p. 324, 25f; Jos., Bell. 3, 343; Ath. 15, 3; 22, 2) Hb 3:11; 4:3 (both Ps 94:11). ὡς αὐτὸν καθόλου τὸ φῶς μὴ βλέπειν Papias (3:2) (s. φῶς 1a). ὡς πάντας ἄχθεσθαι (s. ἄχθομαι) AcPl Ha 4, 14. ὡς πάντας … ἀγαλλιᾶσθαι 6, 31 al.
    ⑤ marker of discourse content, that, the fact that after verbs of knowing, saying (even introducing direct discourse: Maximus Tyr. 5:4f), hearing, etc.=ὅτι that (X., An. 1, 3, 5; Menand., Sam. 590 S. [245 Kö.]; Aeneas Tact. 402; 1342; PTebt 10, 6 [119 B.C.]; 1 Km 13:11; EpArist; Philo, Op. M. 9; Jos., Ant. 7, 39; 9, 162; 15, 249 al.; Just., A I, 60, 2; Tat. 39, 2; 41, 1; Ath. 30, 4.—ORiemann, RevPhilol n.s. 6, 1882, 73–75; HKallenberg, RhM n.s. 68, 1913, 465–76; B-D-F §396) ἀναγινώσκειν Mk 12:26 v.l. (for πῶς); Lk 6:4 (w. πῶς as v.l.). μνησθῆναι Lk 24:6 (D ὅσα); cp. 22:61 (=Lat. quomodo, as in ms. c of the Old Itala; cp. Plautus, Poen. 3, 1, 54–56). ἐπίστασθαι (Jos., Ant. 7, 372) Ac 10:28; 20:18b v.l. (for πῶς). εἰδέναι (MAI 37, 1912, 183 [= Kl. T. 110, 81, 10] ἴστε ὡς [131/132 A.D.]) 1 Th 2:11a. μάρτυς ὡς Ro 1:9; Phil 1:8; 1 Th 2:10.—ὡς ὅτι s. ὅτι 5b.
    ⑥ w. numerals, a degree that approximates a point on a scale of extent, about, approximately, nearly (Hdt., Thu. et al.; PAmh 72, 12; PTebt 381, 4 [VSchuman, ClW 28, ’34/35, 95f: pap]; Jos., Ant. 6, 95; Ruth 1:4; 1 Km 14:2; TestJob 31:2; JosAs 1:6) ὡς δισχίλιοι Mk 5:13. Cp. 8:9; Lk 1:56; 8:42; J 1:39; 4:6; 6:10, 19; 19:14, 39; 21:8; Ac 4:4; 5:7, 36; 13:18, 20; 27:37 v.l. (Hemer, Acts 149 n. 140); Rv 8:1.
    ⑦ a relatively high point on a scale involving exclamation, how! (X., Cyr. 1, 3, 2 ὦ μῆτερ, ὡς καλός μοι ὁ πάππος! Himerius, Or. 54 [=Or. 15], 1 ὡς ἡδύ μοι τὸ θέατρον=how pleasant … ! Ps 8:2; 72:1; TestJob 7:12) ὡς ὡραῖοι οἱ πόδες τῶν εὐαγγελιζομένων ἀγαθά Ro 10:15 (cp. Is 52:7). Cp. 11:33. ὡς μεγάλη μοι ἡ σήμερον ἡμέρα GJs 19:2.
    ⑧ temporal conjunction (B-D-F §455, 2; 3; Harnack, SBBerlAk 1908, 392).
    ⓐ w. the aor. when, after (Hom., Hdt. et al.; Diod S 14, 80, 1; pap [POxy 1489, 4 al.]; LXX; TestAbr B 3 p. 107, 6 [Stone p. 62]; JosAs 3:2; ParJer 3:1; ApcMos 22; Jos., Bell. 1, 445b; Just., D. 2, 4; 3, 1) ὡς ἐπλήσθησαν αἱ ἡμέραι Lk 1:23. ὡς ἐγεύσατο ὁ ἀρχιτρίκλινος J 2:9.—Lk 1:41, 44; 2:15, 39; 4:25; 5:4; 7:12; 15:25; 19:5; 22:66; 23:26; J 4:1, 40; 6:12, 16; 7:10; 11:6, 20, 29, 32f; 18:6; 19:33; 21:9; Ac 5:24; 10:7, 25; 13:29; 14:5; 16:10, 15; 17:13; 18:5; 19:21; 21:1, 12; 22:25; 27:1, 27; 28:4. AcPl Ha 3, 20.
    ⓑ w. pres. or impf. while, when, as long as (Menand., Fgm. 538, 2 K. ὡς ὁδοιπορεῖς; Cyrill. Scyth. [VI A.D.] ed. ESchwartz ’39 p. 143, 1; 207, 22 ὡς ἔτι εἰμί=as long as I live) ὡς ὑπάγεις μετὰ τοῦ ἀντιδίκου σου while you are going with your opponent Lk 12:58. ὡς ἐλάλει ἡμῖν, ὡς διήνοιγεν ἡμῖν τὰς γραφάς while he was talking, while he was opening the scriptures to us 24:32.—J 2:23; 8:7; 12:35f ( as long as; cp. ἕως 2a); Ac 1:10; 7:23; 9:23; 10:17; 13:25; 19:9; 21:27; 25:14; Gal 6:10 ( as long as); 2 Cl 8:1; 9:7; IRo 2:2; ISm 9:1 (all four as long as).—ὡς w. impf., and in the next clause the aor. ind. w. the same subject (Diod S 15, 45, 4 ὡς ἐθεώρουν …, συνεστήσαντο ‘when [or ‘as soon as’] they noticed …, they put together [a fleet]’; SIG 1169, 58 ὡς ἐνεκάθευδε, εἶδε ‘while he was sleeping [or ‘when he went to sleep’] [in the temple] he saw [a dream or vision]’) Mt 28:9 v.l.; J 20:11; Ac 8:36; 16:4; 22:11.— Since (Soph., Oed. R. 115; Thu. 4, 90, 3) ὡς τοῦτο γέγονεν Mk 9:21.
    ⓒ ὡς ἄν or ὡς ἐάν w. subjunctive of the time of an event in the future when, as soon as.
    α. ὡς ἄν (Hyperid. 2, 43, 4; Herodas 5, 50; Lucian, Cronosolon 11; PHib 59, 1 [c. 245 B.C.] ὡς ἂν λάβῃς; UPZ 71, 18 [152 B.C.]; PTebt 26, 2. Cp. Witkowski 87; Gen 12:12; Josh 2:14; Is 8:21; Da 3:15 Theod.; Ath. 31, 3 [ἐάν Schwartz]) Ro 15:24; 1 Cor 11:34; Phil 2:23.
    β. ὡς ἐάν (PFay 111, 16 [95/96 A.D.] ὡς ἐὰν βλέπῃς) 1 Cl 12:5f; Hv 3, 8, 9; 3, 13, 2.
    ⓓ w. the superlative ὡς τάχιστα (a bookish usage; s. B-D-F §244, 1; Rob. 669) as quickly as possible Ac 17:15 (s. ταχέως 1c).
    ⑨ a final particle, expressing intention/purpose, with a view to, in order to
    ⓐ w. subjunctive (Hom.+; TestAbr A 4 p. 80, 33 [Stone p. 8]; SibOr 3, 130; Synes., Hymni 3, 44 [NTerzaghi ’39]) ὡς τελειώσω in order that I might finish Ac 20:24 v.l. (s. Mlt. 249).
    ⓑ w. inf. (X.; Arrian [very oft.: ABoehner, De Arriani dicendi genere, diss. Erlangen 1885 p. 56]; PGen 28, 12 [II A.D.]; ZPE 8, ’71, 177: letter of M. Ant. 57, cp. 44–46; 3 Macc 1:2; Joseph.; cp. the use of the opt. Just., D. 2, 3) Lk 9:52. ὡς τελειῶσαι Ac 20:24. ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν Hb 7:9 (s. ἔπος).
    ⓒ used w. prepositions to indicate the direction intended (Soph., Thu., X. [Kühner-G. I 472 note 1]; Polyb. 1, 29, 1; LRadermacher, Philol 60, 1901, 495f) πορεύεσθαι ὡς ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν Ac 17:14 v.l.—WStählin, Symbolon, ’58, 99–104. S. also ὡσάν, ὡσαύτως, ὡσεί 2, ὥσπερ b, ὡσπερεί, ὥστε 2b. DELG. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ὡς

  • 23 μωρός

    μωρός, ά, όν (Trag., X., Pla.+; pap, LXX; TestLevi 7:2; ParJer 9:30; Philo; Ar.; Just.; loanw. in rabb.; on the accent s. B-D-F §13; Mlt-H.) foolish, stupid.
    ⓐ of pers. (Simonides of Ceos 48, 6f [Diehl], who uses the word with reference to his opponent, Cleobulus; Diod S 10, 22; Epict. 2, 2, 16; 3, 24, 86; w. ἄνους Hippol. Ref. 6, 34, 8; subst.: Orig., C. Cels. 5, 16, 17; Hippol. Ref. 9, 13, 3) Mt 5:22 (s. c below); (w. τυφλός) 23:17, 19 v.l.; (opp. φρόνιμος) 7:26; 25:2f, 8. The same contrast 1 Cor 4:10, where the apostle ironically compares himself w. the Corinthians. (Opp. σοφός as Lucian, Epigr. 1; Dt 32:6; Sir 21:26) 3:18. W. ἀσύνετος (Sir 21:18) Hv 3, 6, 5; Hs 9, 22, 4. W. ἀσύνετος and other similar predicates 1 Cl 39:1. Of the overly ambitious Hs 8, 7, 4. τὰ μ. τοῦ κόσμου what is considered foolish in the world 1 Cor 1:27 also refers to persons, and can do so since it pertains not to individuals but to a general attribute (B-D-F §138, 1; 263, 4; Rob. 411; Mussies 124).
    ⓑ of things (SibOr 3, 226; περὶ τροπολογουμένων καὶ οὐ μωρῶν συγγραμμάτων Orig., C. Cels. 4, 51, 28; Theoph. Ant 2, 12 [p. 130, 14]) ὀξυχολία Hm 5, 2, 4. παράδοσις Mk 7:13 v.l. ζητήσεις 2 Ti 2:23; Tit 3:9. πράγματα Hm 5, 2, 2. τρυφαί m 12, 2, 1. διδαχαί Hs 8, 6, 5. ἀφροσύνη 9, 22, 2. Of the πνεῦμα ἐπίγειον m 11:11.—τὸ μ. τοῦ θεοῦ the foolishness of God (in the judgment of unbelievers) 1 Cor 1:25 (cp. Eur., Hipp. 966 τὸ μ.=‘foolishness’).
    ⓒ The mng. of μωρέ Mt 5:22 is disputed. Most scholars take it, as the ancient Syrian versions did, to mean you fool (Pla., Leg. 9, 857d and Socrat., Ep. 14, 6 ὦ μῶρε [as it is accented in Att.]=you fool! Likew. Biogr. p. 179.—Epict. 2, 16, 13; 3, 13, 17 μωρέ; Philo, Cher. 75 ὦ μωρέ), somet. also w. the connotation of an obstinate, godless person (like נָבָל; cp. Dt 32:6; Is 32:6; Sir 50:26). Fr. the time of HPaulus, Comm.2 1804ff I 671 to FSchulthess, ZNW 21, 1922, 241, and SFeigin, JNES 2, ’43, 195 it has been held to be a transliteration of מוֹרֵה rebel (Dt 21:18, 20); acc. to KKöhler, ZNW 19, 1920, 91–95 it is simply the Gk. translation of the calque ῥακά; acc. to HPernot, Pages choisies des Évang. 1925, 61, who refers to Mod. Gk., a simple exclamation w. humorous coloring.—RGuelich, ZNW 64, ’73, 39–52; Field, Notes 3–5; Mlt-H. 152f.—B. 1215. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > μωρός

  • 24 προσκυνέω

    προσκυνέω (κυνέω ‘to kiss’) impf. προσεκύνουν; fut. προσκυνήσω; 1 aor. προσεκύνησα (Trag., Hdt.+. Freq. used to designate the custom of prostrating oneself before persons and kissing their feet or the hem of their garment, the ground, etc.; the Persians did this in the presence of their deified king, and the Greeks before a divinity or someth. holy.) to express in attitude or gesture one’s complete dependence on or submission to a high authority figure, (fall down and) worship, do obeisance to, prostrate oneself before, do reverence to, welcome respectfully, in Attic Gk., and later (e.g. Appian, Mithrid. 104 §489), used w. the acc. (so Mt 4:10 and Lk 4:8 [Dt 6:13 v.l.]; J 4:22ab, 23b, 24a; Rv 9:20.—Gen 37:9; Ex 11:8; Judg 7:15 A; pseudepigr.; Philo; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 239, Ant. 2, 13; 7, 250; Just.; Tat.; Mel., P. 92, 690; Ath.); beside it the Koine uses the dat. (Phryn. p. 463 Lob.; JWittmann, Sprachl. Untersuchungen zu Cosmas Indicopl., diss. Munich 1913, 16; KWolf, Studien z. Sprache des Malalas II, diss. Munich 1912, 34; GKilpatrick in: Studies and Documents 29, ’67, 154–56; B-D-F §151, 2; Rob. 455; 476f), which the LXX (s. also JosAs; ApcMos 27:33) and our lit. prefer (s. also EpArist 135; Jos., Ant. 6, 55; Just., D. 30, 3; 78, 9; 88, 1.—Jos., Ant. 6, 154 πρ. τῷ θεῷ immediately after τὸν θεὸν πρ.). This reverence or worship is paid
    ⓐ to human beings, but by this act they are to be recognized as belonging to a superhuman realm (Appian, Mithrid. 104 §489: Pompey; Galen, Protr. 5 p. 12, 2ff ed. WJohn: Socrates, Homer, Hippocrates, Plato): to a king (so Hdt. et al.; cp. 2 Km 18:28; 24:20; 3 Km 1:16, 53. On proskynesis in the Hellenistic ruler cults s. LTaylor, JHS 47, 1927, 53ff, The Divinity of the Rom. Emperor ’31, esp. 256–66; against her WTarn, Alexander the Great II, ’50, 347–73) ὁ δοῦλος προσεκύνει αὐτῷ Mt 18:26 (of a female slave toward her κύριος PGiss 17, 11f=Mitt-Wilck, I/2, 481; s. Jos., Ant. 2, 11); to Peter by Cornelius Ac 10:25 (cp. Apollonius [c. 197 A.D.] in Eus., HE 5, 18, 6).—The church at Philadelphia προσκυνήσουσιν ἐνώπιον τῶν ποδῶν σου Rv 3:9 (on πρ. ἐνώπιόν τινος cp. Ps 21:28; 85:9; Is 66:23; TestAbr B 4 p. 108, 17 [Stone 64, 17]).—Jesus, who is rendered homage as Messianic king and helper: Mt 2:2, 8, 11.—8:2; 9:18; 14:33; 15:25; J 9:38.—Mt 20:20; GJs 20:4 (codd.); 21:1, 2 (codd.). A man possessed by an unclean spirit asks a favor of him Mk 5:6. Mock worship on the part of soldiers 15:19 (στέφανος 1). S. also bε below.
    ⓑ to transcendent beings (God: Aeschyl. et al.; X., An. 3, 2, 9; 13; Pla., Rep. 3, 398a; Polyb. 18, 37, 10; Plut., Pomp. 626 [14, 4]; Lucian, Pisc. 21 τῇ θεῷ; PGM 4, 649. Of various divinities in the ins [s. OGI II 700a index VIII; Sb 7911ff]; PFlor 332, 11 θεούς; LXX; Philo, Gig. 54 τὸν θεόν al.; Jos., Ant. 6, 154; 20, 164 al.; Theoph. Ant. 1, 11 [p. 82, 3]).
    α. of deity in monotheistic cult (Christians, Judeans, Samaritans) κύριον τὸν θεόν σου προσκυνήσεις (Dt 6:13 v.l.) Mt 4:10; Lk 4:8. πρ. τῷ πατρί J 4:21, 23a; cp. 23b. τῷ θεῷ (Jos., Ant. 6, 55; 9, 267; cp. Orig., C. Cels. 5, 11, 38 [w. λατρεύειν]) Rv 19:4 (w. πίπτειν), 10b; 22:9. See Hb 1:6 (Dt 32:43 LXX). τῷ ζῶντι Rv 4:10. τῷ ποιήσαντι τὸν οὐρανόν 14:7. πεσὼν ἐπὶ πρόσωπον προσκυνήσει τῷ θεῷ he will fall down and worship God (cp. 2 Km 9:6 of obeisance before David) 1 Cor 14:25; cp. Rv 7:11; 11:16. ἐνώπιόν σου (s. the Ps. reff. in a above) 15:4. Abs. (SIG 1173, 2; PTebt 416, 7; LXX) J 4:20ab, 24ab; Ac 8:27. Used w. ἀναβαίνειν (UPZ 62, 33 [161 B.C.] ἐὰν ἀναβῶ κἀγὼ προσκυνῆσαι; Jos., Ant. 20, 164) J 12:20; Ac 24:11; cp. Rv 11:1. W. πίπτειν (s. Jos., Ant. 8, 119) Rv 5:14. προσεκύνησεν ἐπὶ τὸ ἄκρον τῆς ῥάβδου αὐτοῦ he bowed in worship (or prayed) over the head of his staff Hb 11:21 (Gen 47:31).
    β. of image worship in polytheistic cult (LXX; Ar. 3, 2; Just.; Ath. 15, 1 τὰ ἀγάλματα) προσκυνεῖν τοῖς νεκροῖς θεοῖς 2 Cl 3:1 or λίθους καὶ ξύλα κτλ. 1:6 (cp. EpArist 135 … οἷς πρ.). See Ac 7:43; Dg 2:5. τὰ ὑφʼ ὑμῶν προσκυνούμενα the things that are worshiped by you 2:4. Abs., w. θύειν MPol 12:2.
    γ. the devil and Satanic beings (the eschatological opponent Iren. 5, 28, 2) Mt 4:9; Lk 4:7 (on πρ. ἐνώπιον ἐμοῦ s. α above). τὰ δαιμόνια Rv 9:20. τῷ δράκοντι 13:4a; τῷ θηρίῳ 13:4b. τὸ θηρίον vss. 8 (αὐτόν), 12; 20:4. τῇ εἰκόνι (Da 3:5 al.) τοῦ θηρίου 13:15; cp. 16:2; 19:20. τὸ θηρίον καὶ τ. εἰκόνα αὐτοῦ 14:9, 11. See θηρίον 1b; also PTouilleux, L’Apocalypse et les cultes de Domitien et de Cybèle ’35.
    δ. angels (TestAbr A 3 p. 79, 28 [Stone p. 6]) Rv 22:8; cp. 19:10a.
    ε. The risen Lord is esp. the object of worship: Mt 28:9, 17; Lk 24:52 P75 et al. Likewise the exalted Christ MPol 17:3. See also a above, end.—Lit. s.v. προσεύχομαι, end; Bolkestein [δεισιδαιμονία, end] 23ff; JHorst, Proskynein: Z. Anbetung im Urchristentum nach ihrer religionsgesch. Eigenart ’32; Berthe MMarti, Proskynesis and adorare: Language 12, ’36, 272–82; BReicke, Some Reflections on Worship in the NT: TWManson mem. vol. ’59, 194–209.—B. 1469; Kl. Pauly IV 1189. New Docs 2, 68; 3, 77–78; 4, 61f. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > προσκυνέω

  • 25 Ἀβραάμ

    Ἀβραάμ, ὁ indecl. (אַבְרָהָם ‘father of a multitude’) (LXX; TestSol 18:22 P; TestAbr, Test12Patr, ParJer; ApcSed 14:6; ApcEsdr; ApcrEzk P 1 recto, 10; SibOr 2, 246; Philo, Just.; Mel., P. 83 , 625 and Fgm.; PGM 7, 315; 13, 817 δύναμιν τοῦ Ἀβραάμ, Ἰσὰκ καὶ τοῦ Ἰακώβ; 35, 14 τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ Ἀβρὰμ καὶ Ἰσακὰ καὶ Ἰακώβ. Indecl. also in Apollonius Molon [I B.C.], an opponent of the Jews: 728 Fgm. 1, 2 and 3 Jac. [Eus., PE 9, 19, 2; 3].—In the Jew Artapanus [II B.C.]: 726 Fgm. 1 Jac. [Eus. 9, 18, 1]; in Ps.-Hecataeus: 264 Fgm. 24 Jac. in a work Κατʼ Ἄβραμον καὶ τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους; and in Joseph. Ἄβραμος, ου [Ant. 1, 148]; cp. EpArist 49; BGU 585 II, 3 [212 A.D.]; Damasc., Vi. Isid. 141.—Nicol. Dam. [I B.C.]: 90 Fgm. 52 Jac. [Jos., Ant. 1, 159f] Ἀβράμης, ου. Charax of Pergam. [II A.D.]: 103 Fgm. 52 Jac. ἀπὸ Ἀβράμωνος.—Hesychius 1, 81 has Ἀβραμίας, obviously a Hellenized form of Abraham, as the name of a throw in dice-playing. Personal names were frequently used for this purpose: Eubulus, Com. Fgm. 57K. Dssm., NB 15 [BS 187]; B-D-F §260.2). In the NT receives mention second to Moses. [b]Abraham (husband of Sarah Gen 18:10f), in the genealogy of Jesus Mt 1:1, 2, 17; Lk 3:34; progenitor of the Israelite nation (Jos., Ant. 1, 158 ὁ πατὴρ ἡμῶν Ἀ.), and of the Christians, as authentically Israel Mt 3:9; Lk 1:73; 3:8; J 8:39, 53, 56; Ac 7:2; Ro 4:1; Js 2:21. Hence the people of Israel are called Α.’s seed (e.g. PsSol 9:9; 18:3) J 8:33, 37; Ro 9:7; 11:1; 2 Cor 11:22; Gal 3:29; Hb 2:16.—Α. as bearer of the promise Ac 3:25; 7:17; Ro 4:13; Gal 3:8, 14, 16, 18; Hb 6:13. His faith Ro 4:3 (Gen 15:6), 9, 12, 16; Gal 3:6 (Gen 15:6), 9; 1 Cl 10:6 (Gen 15:6); Js 2:23. Here and 1 Cl 10:1; 17:2 called a friend of God (cp. Is 41:8; 2 Ch 20:7; Da 3:35. But only Is 41:8 Sym. and, indirectly, Ex 33:11 use the word φίλος [as TestAbr A 1 78, 6=Stone p. 4]. LXX Is 41:8 and the other passages use a form of ἀγαπάω; s. EPeterson, ZKG 42, 1923, 172ff. Philo quotes Gen 18:17 φίλος μου Sobr. 56 [s. PKatz, Philo’s Bible, ’50, 85; on use of the name, 154ff]; cp. Wsd 7:27; Book of Jubilees 19:9; 30:20); like Isaac, Jacob, and the prophets Lk 13:28, A. occupies a prominent place in the next life 16:22ff (s. on κόλπος 1). God is designated as God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob (Ex 3:6.—MRist, The God of A., I., and J.: JBL 57, ’38, 289–303) Mt 22:32; Mk 12:26; Lk 20:37; Ac 3:13; 7:32; B 6:8. W. Isaac and Jacob at the banquet in the Kingdom Mt 8:11; listed among the great people of God (cp. SibOr 2, 245–48) B 8:4; IPhld 9:1 (on the triad s. above and s.v. Ἰακώβ). Points typologically to Jesus B 9:7f.—OSchmitz, Abr. im Spätjudent. u. im Urchristent.: ASchlatter Festschr. 1922, 99–123; Billerb. (s. index of persons and things: IV 1213); MColacci, Il Semen Abrahae alla luce del V e del NT: Biblica 21, ’40, 1–27.—M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > Ἀβραάμ

  • 26 τὶς

    τὶς, τὶ, gen. τινός, dat. τινί, acc. τινά, τὶ (Hom.+) enclitic, indefinite pronoun (W-S. §26, 1–4; B-D-F §301 al.; Rob. 741–44)
    ① a ref. to someone or someth. indefinite, anyone, anything; someone, something; many a one/thing, a certain one
    ⓐ subst.
    α. τὶς, τινές
    א. someone, anyone, somebody Mt 12:29, 47; Mk 8:4; 9:30; 11:16; Lk 8:46; 9:57; 13:6, 23; J 2:25; 6:46; Ac 5:25; 17:25; Ro 5:7ab; 1 Cor 15:35; 2 Cor 11:20 (five times); Hb 3:4; Js 2:18; 2 Pt 2:19 al. Pl. τινές some, a number of (people—supplied as in Appian, Hann. 47 §203 λαβών τινας=he received some, i.e. people; TestAbr B 14 p. 118, 20 [Stone p. 84]; TestJob 9:8; Just., A I, 28, 2) Lk 13:1; Ac 15:1; Gal 2:12; 2 Th 3:11; anyone 2 Pt 3:9b (TestAbr B 12 p. 116, 24 [Stone p. 80] εἶδεν … τινὰς ἀπερχομένους εἰς ἔρημον τόπον).—In contrast to a majority made evident by the context some of those present (Appian, Bell. Civ. 1, 26 §119 ἔφερόν τινες) Mk 14:65; J 13:29a; of all (under consideration) 1 Cor 8:7; 9:22. ἀνατρέπουσιν τήν τινων πίστιν 2 Tim 2:18; AcPlCor 1:2.—W. partitive gen. (Diod S 2, 24, 4; Plut., Mor. 189a τῶν ἐχθρῶν τις; Epict. 2, 14, 1 τὶς τῶν Ῥωμαϊκῶν; TestReub 4:2 τινὶ τῶν ἀδελφῶν; Ar. 12, 7 τινὲς … αὐτῶν; Just., A I, 27, 3; Tat. 36, 2) τὶς τῶν Φαρισαίων (some) one of the Pharisees, a Pharisee Lk 7:36. Cp. 11:45; Ac 5:15. τὶς ὑμῶν 1 Cor 6:1. Pl. τινὲς τῶν γραμματέων some (of the) scribes Mt 9:3. Cp. 12:38; 28:11; Mk 7:1f; 12:13; Lk 6:2; Ac 10:23; 12:1; 17:18a, 28; 1 Cor 10:7–10 al.—Also τὶς ἐκ (Plut., Galba 1065 [27, 2]; Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 84 §343 τὶς ἐκ τῆς βουλῆς) τὶς ἐξ ὑμῶν Js 2:16; Hb 3:13; GJs 24:2. Pl. τινὲς ἐξ αὐτῶν (Jos., Bell. 1, 311; Just., D. 85, 1 τινὲς ἐξ ὑμῶν) Lk 11:15. Cp. J 6:64; 7:25, 44; 9:16; 11:37, 46; Ac 15:24.—τὶς ἐν ὑμῖν any one among you, any of you Js 5:13a, 14, 19. ἐν ὑμῖν τινες 1 Cor 15:12.—ταῦτά τινες ἦτε some of you were that sort of people 6:11 (οὗτος 1bζ). τινές described by a rel. clause (Dionysius Com. [IV B.C.] 11 εἰσίν τινες νῦν, οὓς …) Mk 9:1. τὶς in 14:47 is prob. not original (PDickerson, JBL 116, ’97, 302).
    ב. with suggestion of non-specificity in a context where an entity is specified to some extent τίς a certain pers., etc., of a definite pers. Lk 9:49; 2 Cor 2:5; 10:7; 11:21 (of an opponent as UPZ 146, 2 [II B.C.]; Sallust. 12 p. 24, 20; 24.—Artem. 4, 22 p. 214, 20ff τὶς … οὗ ἐγὼ καίπερ εὖ εἰδὼς τὸ ὄνομα οὐκ ἐπιμνησθήσομαι; Tat. 27, 1 [of Callimachus]). Pl. τινές certain people, etc. (Crates, Ep. 32 [p. 82 Malherbe]; Demosth. 25, 40, Ep. 3, 8; Diod S 15, 18, 1; Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 112 §470 ‘certain’ people who had conspired to cause trouble; Iambl., Myst. 1, 13 p. 43, 2 P.; Sallust. 4 p. 4, 28) Ro 3:8; 1 Cor 4:18; 15:34; 2 Cor 3:1; 1 Ti 1:3, 19 al.; 2 Pt 3:9a. W. a name added ἦν δέ τις ἀσθενῶν, Λάζαρος there was a man who was ill, named L. J 11:1 (begins like a story that originally circulated independently; cp. Alcman 84 Diehl2 ἦσκέ [=ἦν] τις Καφεὺς ἀνάσσων=there was once someone, named Capheus, who ruled). The name is also added in Ac 18:7. W. a subst. ptc. τινές εἰσι οἱ ταράσσοντες Gal 1:7 (cp. Lysias 19, 57 εἰσί τινες οἱ προαναλίσκοντες).
    ג. For εἷς τις s. εἷς 3c. For εἴ τις s. εἰ 7. ἐάν τις (TestAbr B 13 p. 118, 7 [Stone p. 84]; Just., D. 46, 1 ἐὰν δέ τινε) Mt 21:3a; 24:23; Mk 11:3; Lk 16:30; J 6:51 al.; Ac 13:41 (Hab 1:5); 1 Cor 8:10; 10:28; Col 3:13a; 1 Ti 1:8; 2 Ti 2:5; Js 2:14; 1J 2:1, 15; 4:20; Rv 3:20; 22:18f. ἐὰν μή τις if someone … not J 3:3, 5; 15:6; if no one Ac 8:31. τὶς w. a neg. no one, nobody οὐ … τὶς J 10:28. οὐδὲ … τὶς Mt 11:27; 12:19. οὔτε … τὶς Ac 28:21. οὐ … ὑπό τινος 1 Cor 6:12. μή τις that no one Mt 24:4; Mk 13:5; Ac 27:42; 1 Cor 1:15; 16:11; 2 Cor 8:20; 11:16a; Eph 2:9; 1 Th 5:15; Hb 4:11 al. πρὸς τὸ μή τινα 1 Th 2:9. ὥστε μὴ … τινά Mt 8:28.
    ד. The ptc. that belongs directly w. the indef. pron. is added w. the art. πρός τινας τοὺς πεποιθότας to some who put their trust Lk 18:9. Cp. 2 Cor 10:2; Gal 1:7; Col 2:8. But it also stands without the art: τινῶν λεγόντων when some were talking Lk 21:5. Cp. 1 Ti 6:10, 21; Hb 10:28.
    ה. corresponding τὶς … ἕτερος δέ someone … and another 1 Cor 3:4. τινὲς (μὲν) … τινὲς (δέ) Lk 9:7f; Phil 1:15 (τινὲς μὲν … τινὲς δέ as Diod S 12, 41, 6; Ar. 8, 2).
    ו. each one καθώς τις ἄξιός ἐστιν κατοικεῖν as each one deserves to dwell Hs 8, 2, 5a. Cp. 8, 4, 2. B-D-F §301, 2.
    β. τὶ, τινά
    א. something, anything ὁ ἀδελφός σου ἔχει τι κατὰ σοῦ Mt 5:23. Cp. 20:20; Mk 8:23; 9:22; 13:15; Lk 7:40; 11:54; J 13:29a; 1 Cor 10:31 al.—W. partitive gen. (Diod S 20, 39, 3 τινὰ τῶν ἀφηρπασμένων=some of what had been seized [by the enemy]; Just., D. 2, 4 τὶ τῶν εἰς εὐδαιμονίαν συντελούντων something that contributes to happiness) τὶ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων Ac 4:32. Cp. Ro 15:18; Eph 5:27. τὶ ἀγαθοῦ Hs 5, 3, 3.
    ב. in negative statements not (nor) anything = nothing οὔτε … τὶ Ac 25:8. οὐδὲ … τὶ 1 Ti 6:7 (TestJob 11:12; cp. JosAs 10:20 μηδὲ … τινό).
    ג. τινὰ μὲν … τινὰ δέ some … others (w. ref. to πρόβατα and hence neut.) Hs 6, 2, 2.
    ד. On εἴ τι s. εἰ 7.
    ה. εἶναί τι be or amount to someth. Gal 2:6; 1 Cor 3:7. εἰ δοκεῖ τις εἶναί τι μηδὲν ὤν Gal 6:3 (s. 2 below and s. W-S. §26, 3).
    ⓑ adj.
    α. some, any, a certain, though oft. omitted in transl. into Engl.; used with
    א. a subst. τὶς: ἱερεύς τις Lk 1:5; 10:31. ἀνήρ (a narrative begins in this way Syntipas p. 16, 4; 30, 3; 46, 16; 57, 1; Just., D. 81, 4 [of John]) Ac 3:2; 8:9a; 14:8. ἄνθρωπος Mt 18:12 (JosAs 28:4). κώμη Lk 17:12 (Just., A I, 34, 2). Cp. 7:2, 41; 18:2; J 4:46; Ac 27:8; Hb 4:7.—τὶ: ὕδωρ Ac 8:36. σκεῦος 10:11.
    ב. a proper name (X., Hell. 5, 4, 3; Jos., Ant. 12, 160; Ar. 10, 1 Ἥφαιστόν τινα; Just., A I, 26, 4 Μένανδρον … τινά; Ath. 12, 1 Μίνως τις) Σίμωνά τινα a certain Simon Lk 23:26; Ac 10:5f; Mk 15:21. Σίμων τις AcPlCor 1:2. Cp. Ac 21:16; 22:12; 25:19b.
    ג. an adj. or adjectival pron. μέγας Ac 8:9b. ἕτερός τις vs. 34 (GrBar 6:6; Just., D. 128, 4; Mel., P. 26, 180). τὶς ἕτερος Papias (2, 4). τὶς ἄλλος 1 Cor 1:16; Phil 3:4 (TestAbr B 6 p. 110, 7 [Stone p. 68] ἄλλο τι; TestJob 11:2 ἄλλοι τινές; Just., D. 6, 1 ἄλλο τι). τινὲς ἄλλοι (Diod S 5, 81, 4 ἄλλοι τινὲς [τ. ποιητῶν]; Jos., Ant. 8, 248; Just., D. 84, 4 ἄλλαι τινές) Ac 15:2. τὶ ἀγαθόν Ro 9:11; Hs 2:10. ἀσφαλές τι Ac 25:26. Cp. Hb 11:40.—In neg. statements (TestAbr A 8 p. 86, 3 [Stone p. 20]) not any = no Lk 11:36; Js 5:12.
    β. serving to moderate or heighten
    א. to moderate an expr. that is too definite (Just., D. 48, 1 [λόγος] … παράδοξός τις … δοκεῖ μοι εἶναι [your statement], in my judgment, does not make much sense; Diod S 1, 1, 3; Appian, Bell. Civ. 1, 15 §65 οἷά τινες δορυφόροι=as a kind of bodyguard) ἀπαρχήν τινα a kind of first-fruits Js 1:18 (Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 39 §162 τὶς μετάνοια=something like remorse; 3, 77 §314 συγγνώμη τις=some kind of pardon).—So perh. δύο τινὰς τῶν μαθητῶν several disciples, perhaps two Lk 7:18 (cp. Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 59 §245 δύο τινάς=a few [ships], about two; Jos., Ant. 16, 274). But the expr. in Ac 23:23 τινὰς δύο τῶν ἑκατονταρχῶν certainly means two, who simply cannot be more closely defined (s. W-S. §26, 1b; Rob. 742; Mlt-Turner 195).
    ב. w. adjectives of quality and quantity to heighten the rhetorical emphasis φοβερά τις ἐκδοχὴ κρίσεως Hb 10:27. βραχύ τι (only) a little 2:7, 9 (Ps 8:6).
    γ. of an indefinite quantity that is nevertheless not without importance, some, considerable χρόνον τινά (Diod S 13, 75, 6 μετά τινα χρόνον; Jos., Ant. 8, 398) Ac 18:23; 1 Cor 16:7. Cp. Ro 1:11, 13. μέρος τι 1 Cor 11:18.
    δ. τινές several (Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 49 §202 ἱππεῖς τινες; Just., D. 50, 2 λόγους τινάς; Ath. 23, 1 τινὰς … ἐνεργείας) ἡμέρας τινάς Ac 9:19; 10:48; 15:36. γυναῖκές τινες Lk 8:2. Cp. Ac 15:2; 17:5f al.—On its position in the sentence s. W-S. §26, 4; B-D-F §473, 1; Rob. 743.
    ② a ref. to someone of prominence, a person of importance τὶς εἶναι τις to be a person of importance, to be somebody (Eur., El. 939; Theocr. 11, 79; Herodas 6, 54; Epict. 3, 14, 2, Ench. 13; Lucian, Lexiph. 22, Adv. Indoct. 1; Tat. 16, 2 εἶναί τινες; PGM 13, 288 ἐγώ εἰμί τις) λέγων εἶναί τινα ἑαυτόν claiming to be somebody Ac 5:36; IEph 3:1 (so also τὶ; s. 1aβה above; antonym s.v. οὐδείς 2bβ).—DELG. M-M. EDNT.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > τὶς

  • 27 φημί

    A

    φῄς, φηις PCair.Zen.316.1

     (iii B. C.), PSI7.846.7 (Pap. of Ar. (?), ii/iii A. D.), cf. Hdn.Gr.2.147, 419; φησί (apocop.

    φή Anacr.40

    ); pl. φᾰμέν, φᾰτέ, φᾱσί; [dialect] Dor. [full] φᾱμί, φᾱσί or φᾱτί (Ar.Ach. 771, Anon. in PSI9.1091.11, 18), [ per.] 3pl. φαντί; [dialect] Aeol. [full] φᾶμι Sapph.32, [ per.] 2sg.

    φαῖσθα Alc.Supp.20.6

    , [ per.] 3sg. φαῖσι ib.26.5, Sapph.66, [ per.] 3pl.

    φαῖσι Sapph. Supp.5.2

    : [tense] aor. 2 ἔφην, [dialect] Ep.

    φῆν Il.18.326

    ;

    ἔφησθα 1.397

    , al., Ar.Lys. 132, X.An.1.6.7, Pl.Cra. 438a, Aeschin.3.164, etc. (rarely

    ἔφης Il.22.280

    , X.Cyr.4.1.23), [dialect] Ep.

    φῆσθα Il.21.186

    , Od.14.149 (v.l. φῇσθα)

    , φῆς Il.5.473

    , Od.7.239 (v.l.); ἔφη, [dialect] Ep. φῆ, [dialect] Dor.

    φᾶ Pi.I.2.11

    ; [ per.] 1pl.

    ἔφᾰμεν Isoc.3.26

     (

    ἔφημεν A.D.Adv.184.7

    , Gal.1.158, Papp.524.16, Choerob. in Theod.2.341 H.); [ per.] 2pl.

    ἔφᾰτε And.2.25

    ; [ per.] 3pl. ἔφασαν, [dialect] Ep.

    φάσαν Il.2.278

    , also ἔφᾰν, φάν, 3.161, 6.108; imper. φαθί (on the accent v. Hdn.Gr.1.431, al., A.D.Synt.264.4; φάθι is found in codd. of Pl. Grg. 475e, al.); subj. φῶ, φῇς, φῇ, [dialect] Ep.

    φῇσιν Od.1.168

    ,

    φήῃ 11.128

    , 23.275; [dialect] Dor. [ per.] 3pl. subj.

    φᾶντι Tab.Heracl.1.116

    ; opt. φαίην, [ per.] 1pl.

    φαῖμεν Il.2.81

    , 24.222, Pi.N.7.87, [ per.] 3pl.

    φαῖεν Th.3.68

    , etc.; inf. φάναι, Hdt.1.27, etc., poet.

    φάμεν Pi.N.8.19

    ; part.

    φάς Il.9.35

    , Hdt.1.63, 141, SIG279.18 (Zeleia, iv B. C.),

    φᾶσα Hdt.6.135

    , pl.

    φάντες Il.3.44

    , 14.126, Pl.Alc.2.139b: [tense] fut. φήσω, [dialect] Dor.

    φασῶ Ar.Ach. 739

    , etc.; [ per.] 1pl.

    φασοῦμες Diotog.

     ap. Stob.4.1.133: [tense] aor. 1

    ἔφησα Cratin.

     in PSI11.1212.9, Hdt.3.153, PCair.Zen.19.3 (iii B. C.) ( ἔφασεν is dub. ib.140.7); [dialect] Dor. [ per.] 3sg.

    φᾶσε Pi.N.1.66

    ; [ per.] 2sg. subj. ([dialect] Dor.) φάσῃς [ᾱ] Simon.32 ( φήσῃς etc. codd. Stob., corr. Bgk.); opt.

    φήσειε Hdt.6.69

    , A.Pr. 503, part.

    φήσας X.Mem.3.11.1

    , Isoc.12.239, inf.

    φῆσαι Thphr. Char.2.7

    :—[voice] Med. (chiefly poet. in early writers), [tense] impf. and [tense] aor. 2 ἐφάμην, ἔφατο (also SIG437.6 (Delph., iii B. C.), PCair.Zen.343.8 (iii B. C.), PSI4.437.8 (iii B. C.), Parth.4.5, etc.), [dialect] Ep.

    φάτο Il.20.262

    ,

    φάσθε Od.6.200

    , 10.562, ἔφαντο, [dialect] Ep.

    φάντο 24.460

    ; imper.

    φάο 16.168

    , 18.171, φάσθω, φάσθε; inf. φάσθαι; part. φάμενος (also Archim. Spir. Prooem., Eratosth.Prooem., SIG364.83 (Ephesus, iii B. C.), PCair.Zen.236.4 (iii B. C.), PHamb.4.14 (i A. D.), J.AJ17.12.2, Gal. 6.228, etc.): [dialect] Dor. [tense] fut. φάσομαι [ᾱ] Pi.N.9.43:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pf. [ per.] 3sg.

    πέφαται A.R.2.500

    ; [ per.] 3sg. imper.

    πεφάσθω Pl.Ti. 72d

    ; but part.

    πεφασμένος Il.14.127

    , A.Pr. 843 shd. be referred to φαίνω: [tense] aor. ἐφάθην ([etym.] ἀπ-, κατ-) Arist.Int. 18b39. The [tense] pres. indic. φημί is enclit., exc. in [ per.] 2sg. [tense] pres. φῄς: φαμέν is [ per.] 1pl. [tense] pres., φάμεν poet. inf.: φαντί is [ per.] 3pl., φάντι part.
    II φάσκω supplied all moods of [tense] pres. except the indic., also [tense] impf. ἔφασκον; cf. ἠμί. [ᾰ, except in φᾱσι, and in masc. and fem. part. φάς, φᾶσα: in inf. φάναι ᾰ always; φᾶναι is corrupt in Eub.119.11 codd. Ath.]:—say, affirm, assert, either abs., or folld. by inf., e. g. Λυσίθευς Μικίωνα φιλῖν ( = -εῖν)

    φησι IG12.924

    , cf. 57.48, or acc. et inf.; the inf. is freq. omitted, σὲ κακὸν καὶ ἀνάλκιδα φήσει (sc. εἶναι) Il.8.153; also Κορινθίους τί φῶμεν; what shall we say of them? X.HG3.5.12;

    φ. πρός τινα, πρὸς ξεῖνον φάσθαι ἔπος ἠδ' ἐπακοῦσαι Od.17.584

    : less freq. c. dat.,

    αὐτοῖς Ev.Matt.13.28

    ; κατά τινος φ. to speak against him, X.Ap.25: sts. folld. by ὡς, Lys.7.19, v.l. in X. HG6.3.7; by ὅτι, Pl.Grg. 487d, Corn.ND30; by an interrog. clause,

    μή ποτε φάσῃς ὅ τι γίνεται αὔριον Simon.

     l.c.; by part., dub. in Pl. Grg. 481c (fort. leg. θῶμεν); also parenthetic,

    τίνες, φῄς, ἦσαν οἱ λόγοι; Pl.Phd. 59c

    .
    b since what one says commonly expresses a belief or opinion, think, deem, suppose,

    φῆ γὰρ ὅ γ' αἱρήσειν Πριάμου πόλιν Il. 2.37

    ; φαίης κε ζάκοτόν τέ τιν' ἔμμεναι ἄφρονά τε you would say, would think, he was.., 3.220; ἶσον ἐμοὶ φάσθαι to say he is (i. e. fancy himself) equal to me, 1.187, 15.167; μὴ.. φαθὶ λεύσσειν think not that you see, Theoc.22.56; τί φῄς; what say you? i.e. what think you? (v. infr. 11.5);

    λέγ' ἀνύσας ὅ τι φῄς Ar.Pl. 349

    :—so φ. δεῖν, φ. χρῆναι, deem it right, And.3.34, Isoc.3.48.
    c say, i.e. write, of an author,

    ὡς ἔφημεν Gal.1.158

    , etc.—The [voice] Med. has all these senses as well as the [voice] Act.
    II Special Phrases:
    1 φασί, they say, it is said, Il.5.638, Od.6.42, etc.; parenthetically, Arist.EN 1109a35, Men.Epit. 223, etc.: Prose writers use φησί when quoting, D.23.89, etc.; φησίν saith He, 1 Ep.Cor.6.16; esp. of an opponent's objection, Plu.2.112c; even after a plural,

    ὅ τοίνυν μέγιστον ἔχειν οἴονται.. καὶ αὐτός, φησί, τῶν εἰσιόντων ἦσθα Lib.Or.52.39

    ; "τὸν δὲ μετ' εἰσενόησα, ἔφη Ὅμηρος as H. said, Pl.Prt. 315b.
    2 joined with a synon. Verb, ἔφη λέγων, ἔφησε λέγων, Hdt.3.156, 6.137, etc.;

    ἔλεγε φάς Id.1.122

    ; λέγει οὐδέν, φαμένη .. Id.2.22;

    τί ἐροῦμεν ἢ τί φήσομεν; D.8.37

    , cf. 25.100;

    τί φῶ; τί λέξω; E.Hel. 483

    .
    3 in repeating dialogues the Verb commonly goes before its subject, ἔφην ἐγώ, ἔφη ὁ Σωκράτης, said I, said S., but the order is sts. inverted, ἐγὼ ἔφην, ὁ Σωκράτης ἔφη, I said, S. said.
    4 inserted parenthetically, though the sentence has been introduced by λέγει, εἶπεν, etc.,

    ὁ Ἰσχόμαχος.. εἶπεν· ἀλλὰ παίζεις μὲν σύ γε, ἔφη X.Oec.17.10

    , cf. Pl.Chrm. 164e;

    ἡ κρίσις.. διαρρήδην λέγει διότι, φησίν, ἔδοξε τἀληθῆ εἰσαγγεῖλαι Lys.13.50

    .
    5

    τί φημί; S.OT 1471

    , and

    τί φῄς; Ph. 804

    , E.Hel. 706 (dub.), are used extra metrum, as exclamations.
    6 κυριώτατα φάναι, in parenthesis, strictly speaking, Ph.2.374; ὡς οὕτω φάναι, = ὡς εἰπεῖν, ἅπασαι ὡς οὕτω φάναι practically all, Gal.Vict.Att.9; συνελόντα (v.l. -όντι) φάναι, = συνελόντι εἰπεῖν, Id.16.502.
    7 Οἰδίπουν.. ἂν μόνον φῶ if I only mention Oedipus, Antiph.191.6, cf. Pl.Cra. 411a, 435a.
    III like κατάφημι, say yes, affirm, assert, καὶ τοὺς φάναι and they said yes, Hdt.8.88;

    καί φημι κἀπόφημι S.OC 317

    ;

    ἔγωγέ φημι Pl. Grg. 526c

    ;

    φάναι τε καὶ ἀπαρνεῖσθαι Id.Tht. 165a

    : c. inf.,

    φῂς ἢ καταρνεῖ μὴ δεδρακέναι τάδε; S.Ant. 442

    ; but οὔ φημι means say no, deny, refuse, c. inf., ἡ Πυθίη οὐκ ἔφη χρήσειν said she would not.., Hdt.1.19, cf. 8.2;

    οὐκ ἔφασαν ἐπιτρέψαι Lys.13.15

    , 47 (leg. - τρέψειν): c. acc. et inf.,

    οὔ φημ' Ὀρέστην σ' ἐνδίκως ἀνδρηλατεῖν A.Eu. 221

    , cf. Hdt.2.63: abs., κἂν μὲν μὴ φῇ if he says no, Ar.Av. 555 (anap.); ἢ φάθι ἢ μὴ ἃ ἐρωτῶ answer me yes or no, Pl.Grg. 475e; so in answers, φημί or

    οὕτως φημί

     yes,

    Id.Phdr. 270c

    , al., Grg. 500e; οὐκ ἔφη he said no, Id.Phd. 118a.— In this sense [dialect] Att. writers, besides [tense] pres., mostly use [tense] fut. φήσω and [tense] aor. ἔφησα, but in [tense] impf., inf., and part. [tense] pres., to avoid ambiguity, they prefer ἔφασκον, φάσκειν, φάσκων (v. φάσκω): φάναι is distd. fr. φάσκειν, e.g. ἔφη σπουδάζειν he said he was in haste, ἔφασκε σπουδάζειν he alleged he was in haste; but ἔφησθα is found in this sense, X.An.1.6.7.
    IV command, order,

    ἔφην τῷ Ὀρθοβούλῳ ἐξαλεῖψαί με Lys.16.13

     (so ἔφασαν, v. l. for ἔφρασαν in X.Cyr.4.6.11).

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > φημί

  • 28 Ἄρτεμις

    Ἄρτεμις, ιδος, ἡ (Hom. et al.) Artemis, a deity whose worship was widespread (Diana is her Roman name; on the association, s. esp. Catullus 34). The center of her worship in Asia Minor was at Ephesus (DHogarth, Excav. at Eph. The Archaic Artemisia, 1908; CPicard, Ephèse et Claros 1922.—Jos., Ant. 15, 89; SibOr 5, 293; Ath. 17:3; Tat. 3:1) Ac 19:24, 27f, 34f. As here, A. is called ‘The Great’ in the lit. (X. Eph. 1, 11, 5) and in ins fr. Ephesus (CIG 2963c, 10; τῇ μεγίστῃ θεᾷ Ἐφεσίᾳ Ἀρτέμιδι IBM III, 481, 324f; JWood, Discoveries at Ephesus 1877 app., Ins. fr. the Theater no. 1 col. 1, 9; 4, 48) and elsewh. (IG XII/2, 270 and 514; cp. PGM 4, 2720–22). S. BMüller, ΜΕΓΑΣ ΘΕΟΣ 1913, 331–33.—Jessen, Ephesia: Pauly-W. V 1905, 2753–71; AWikenhauser, comm. Ac 1921, 363–67; JdeJongh, Jr., De tempel te Ephese en het beeld van Diana: GereformTT 26, 1926, 461–75; LTaylor, Beginn. V, ’33, 251–56; HThiersch, Artemis Ephesia I: AGG III 12, ’35; Haenchen, ad loc.; Kl. Pauly I 6118–25; ROster, The Ephesian Artemis as an Opponent of Early Christianity: JAC 19, ’76, 24–44; PScherrer, JÖAI 60, ’90, 87–101; RStrelan, Paul, Artemis, and the Jews in Ephesus: BZNW 80, ’96; s. also HEngelmann, ZPE 97, ’93 279–89 on the imperial cult; EDNT I 158. 168–80. S. on Ἔφεσος.—DELG.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > Ἄρτεμις

  • 29 ἐκδίκησις

    ἐκδίκησις, εως, ἡvengeance, punishment (s. ἐκδικέω, ἔκδικος; Polyb. 3, 8, 10 ἐ. ποιεῖσθαι; SIG 563, 14 [III B.C.]; LXX, En; TestSol 22:4 H; Test12Patr, Philo)
    ① meting out of justice, giving of justice ἐ. ποιεῖν see to it that justice is done, w. gen. of the person for whom it is done (Num 31:2; 1 Macc 2:67) Lk 18:7f; also w. the dat. of the pers. for whom it is done (Judg 11:36; TestSol 22, 4) Ac 7:24.
    ② retaliation for harm done, vengeance (s. ἐκδικέω 2) ἐμοὶ ἐκδίκησις vengeance belongs to me Ro 12:19; Hb 10:30.
    ③ penalty inflicted on wrongdoers, abs. punishment (of Paul’s opponent) 2 Cor 7:11. Of the final judgment ἡμέραι ἐκδικήσεως Lk 21:22 (cp. Dt 32:35; En 25:4; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 106). W. gen. of the pers. being punished (Ezk 9:1; Jdth 8:35; 9:2 εἰς ἐ. ἀλλογενῶν) εἰς ἐ. κακοποιῶν for pun. of the evildoers 1 Pt 2:14. W. the dat. to denote the pers. being punished διδόναι ἐκδίκησίν τινι 2 Th 1:8 (cp. Sir 12:6 τ. ἀσεβέσιν ἀποδώσει ἐ.).—GBjörck, PUps 8, p. 81ff.—DELG s.v. δίκη. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐκδίκησις

  • 30 συμπλέκω

    συμπλέκ-ω, 2 [tense] aor. [voice] Pass. συνεπλάκην [ᾰ] and συνεπλέκην (v. infr. 11.1 and 2):—
    A twine or plait together, συνδεῖν καὶ ς. Pl.Plt. 309b;

    στέφανον Plu.Eum.6

    ; σὺν δ' ἀναμὶξ πλέξας ἶριν having twined the iris therewith, AP4.1.9 (Mel.);

    ἄτριον κερκίδι Theoc.18.34

    ; τὼ Χεῖρε ἐς τοὐπίσω ξυμπλέκοντες joining their hands behind them, Th.4.4; σ. τινὶ τὰς Χεῖρας join hands, become intimate with one, Plb.2.45.2, cf. 47.6; so

    σ. σπέρμα καὶ γάμους τέκνων E.Fr.326.5

    : abs., πλάταισιν ἐσχάταισι ς. perh. binding the whole together, Id.IA 292 (lyr.):—[voice] Pass., to be twined together, plaited,

    ἐκ τῶν θαλλῶν Din.1.18

    ;

    ἡ ψυχὴ διὰ τὸ συμπεπλέχθαι πρὸς τὸ σῶμα Arist.de An. 406b28

    , cf. Placit.1.7.31;

    πρὸς ἄλληλα Pl. Ti. 80c

    ;

    λύγοισι σῶμα συμπεπλεγμένοι E.Cyc. 225

    ; ὅταν συμπλᾰκῇ [τὰ στελέχη] when they are twisted together, Thphr.CP5.5.4; ἴχνη συμπεπλεγμένα tracks entangled, crossing in different directions, opp. ὀρθά, X.Cyn.5.6.
    2 combine notions logically under one term,

    σ. εἰς τὸ αὐτὸ κίνησιν καὶ ἀριθμόν Arist.de An. 409b11

    , cf.EN 1119b30; join words so as to form a proposition,

    σ. τὰ ῥήματα τοῖς ὀνόμασι Pl. Sph. 262d

    , cf. Tht. 202b:—[voice] Pass.,

    ἔκ τινος Id.R. 533c

    ; of words, opp. ἁπλῶς λέγεσθαι (to be used singly), Arist.Ph. 195b15, cf. Metaph. 1014a13; κατηγορίαι συμπεπλεγμέναι complex, opp. ἁπλαῖ, Id.APr. 49a8, cf. Int. 16a23, PA 643b30; περὶ τοῦ -πεπλεγμένου on the compound sentence, title of work by Chrysipp., Stoic.2.68.
    3 more generally, εὖ τοῖς ὀνόμασι σ. τοὺς νόμους mix up or interweave the laws with rhetorical ornament, D.58.41; σ. τὰς πίστεις τῶν ἀσθενῶν τοῖς προτεινομένοις combines the proof of the weak points with.., D.H.Rh.8.5; cf. συμπλοκή; σ. πράξεις connect, involve them in mutual relations, Plb.5.105.4, D.S.16.42; [ συμπτώματα] Gal.18(2).157; but σ. ἀλλήλαις τὰς πράξεις mix them up, confuse them in a narrative, Plb.5.31.4, cf. Vett.Val.352.27;

    ἑτερογενῆ σημεῖα συμπλέκων Gal.16.747

    .
    4 mix ingredients, Sor.1.77, Gal.12.647:—[voice] Pass., Arist. Ph. 189b5, Philum. ap. Orib.45.29.59.
    II [voice] Pass., of persons wrestling, to be intertwined, locked together (cf. σύμπλεγμα)

    , συμπλεκέντος Γωβρύεω τῷ Μάγῳ Hdt.3.78

    , cf. Gal.15.124: generally of combatants, to be engaged in close fight,

    συμπλακέντες διαγωνίζεσθαι D.9.51

    , cf. Plb.1.28.2, Luc.Symp.44;

    σ. τοῖς πολεμίοις Plb.3.69.13

    ;

    πρὸς τὴν οὐραγίαν Id.4.11.7

    ; of a ship, to be entangled with her opponent, Hdt.8.84, Plb.1.23.6: metaph., to be at grips with, συμπλακέντα τῇ Σκυθῶν ἐρημίᾳ (i. e. Euathlus) Ar.Ach. 704; συμπεπλέγμεθα ξένῳ we are entangled or engaged with him, E.Ba. 800, cf. Aeschin.2.153;

    περὶ τὸ βῆμα τῷ Περικλεῖ Plu.Per.11

    ; of war,

    ἐπειδὰν ὅμορος πόλεμος συμπλακῇ D.2.21

    ; of disputes, etc., to be involved in, λοιδορίαις ς. Pl.Lg. 935c; ταῖς μάχαις, τοῖς πολιτικοῖς πράγμασιν, Phld.Mus.p.27K., Rh.1.11S., cf. BGU 1011 iii 7(iii B.C.);

    σ. τοῖς Στωικοῖς Luc.Symp.30

    ;

    σ. καὶ μεμψιμοιρεῖν Plb.18.8.3

    .
    2 of sexual intercourse,

    Θέτιδι συμπλακείς S.Fr. 618

    ; συμπλέκεσθαι ἀλλήλοις to be locked together, Pl.Smp. 191a, cf. e; in Arist. of animals, HA 541b3, 542a16.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συμπλέκω

  • 31 ἔναρα

    Grammatical information: n. pl.
    Meaning: `the weapons of a fallen opponent' (Il., Hes. Sc. 367).
    Compounds: As 1. member in ἐναρο-κτάντας, of death (A. Fr. 151 [lyr.]), ἐναρη-φόρος `carrying the ἔ.' ( APl.); also ἐναρσ-φόρος surname of Ares (Hes. Sc. 192), also name of a hero (Alcm.) with σ in the compound after ἐγχεσπάλος (Leumann Glotta 15, 155f., Schwyzer 336).
    Derivatives: Denomin. verbs: ἐναίρω, aor. ἐναρεῖν ( ἐξ- Hes. Sc. 329) `take away the ἔ.', euphemistic for `kill' (Il.); also ἐναρί-μβροτος `killing men' (Pi.; after φθεισί-μβροτος); (younger) ἐναρίζω, aor. ἐναρίξαι (Il.; in Hom. often ἐξ-; also ἀπ-, ἐπ-, κατ-) `id.'.
    Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
    Etymology: Unknown. Schwyzer IF 30, 440f. compared Skt. sánara-, ἅπ. λεγ. (RV. 1, 96, 8) of uncertain meaning. Connection with Skt. sanóti `win' (cf. ἄνυμι) would give for ἔναρα the original meaning `gain, booty'; one would have to accept psilosis. - Hardly an r-n-stem with Schwyzer 518. On the meaning Trümpy Fachausdrücke 86ff. S. also ἔντεα.
    Page in Frisk: 1,509-510

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔναρα

  • 32 πατέω

    πατέω fut. πατήσω; 1 aor. ἐπάτησα LXX. Pass. fut. 3 sg. πατηθήσεται (TestZeb); aor. ἐπατήθην (Hom. et al.; pap, LXX; En 1:4; TestLevi 18:12; TestZeb 9:8 v.l.; JosAs 23:8 [cod. A for ἐπάταξε]; AscIs 3:3; Philo, Just.) tread (on) w. feet.
    ① to set foot on, tread, walk, trans.
    ⓐ tread τὶ someth. (Herodas 8, 74) τὴν ληνόν (s. ληνός) Rv 19:15; pass. 14:20. Of a stone ὁ πατούμενος what is trodden under foot Dg 2:2.
    ⓑ set foot on, tread of a place (Aeschyl. et al.; LXX) τὴν αὐλήν the court B 2:5 (Is 1:12). τὸ ἁγνευτήριον Ox 840 12; τὸ ἱερόν ibid. 17; 20.
    ② to tread heavily with feet, with implication of destructive intent, trample, trans.
    ⓐ tread on, trample (Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 31, 193) of the undisciplined swarming of a victorious army through a conquered city. Its heedlessness, which acknowledges no limits, causes π. to take on the sense ‘mistreat, abuse’ (so πατέω in Plut., Tim. 14, 2; Lucian, Lexiph. 10 al.; Philo, In Flacc. 65) and ‘tread contemptuously under foot’ (s. 2b; in Heliod. 4, 19, 8 π. πόλιν actually means plunder a city). τὴν πόλιν πατήσουσιν Rv 11:2; pass. (Jos., Bell. 4, 171 πατούμενα τὰ ἅγια) Lk 21:24 (ὑπὸ ἐθνῶν).
    ⓑ fig. ext. of a: trample in contempt or disdain (Il. 4, 157 ὅρκια; Soph., Aj. 1335, Antig. 745 al.; Herodian 8, 5, 9; Jos., Bell. 4, 258 τ. νόμους) τὸ τῆς αἰσχύνης ἔνδυμα πατεῖν despise (=throw away w. disdain) the garment of shame (s. αἰσχύνη 1) GEg 252, 57.
    ③ move on foot, walk, tread (not in the sense of ‘taking a walk’) (since Pind., P. 2, 85 ἄλλʼ ἄλλοτε πατέων ὁδοῖς σκολιαῖς, of one who moves against an opponent like a fox, stepping now here and now there, in no straight line) with implication that the experience is not planned, intr. πατεῖν ἐπάνω ὄφεων Lk 10:19 (ἐπάνω 1b and cp. TestLevi 18:12.—Diod S 3, 50, 2f speaks of the danger of death in πατεῖν on ὄφεις).—DELG. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > πατέω

  • 33 σύζυγος

    σύζυγος, ον (Sappho, Fgm. 213 [L-P.]; Aeschyl. et al.; Ezk 23:21 Aq.). The corresp. subst. σύζυγος, ου, ὁ has not yet been found as a proper name (AFick2/FBechtel, Die griech. Personennamen 1894, 132), but only as a compound common noun (=‘brother’ Eur., Tro. 1001;=‘comrade, companion’ Eur., Iph. T. 250; Aristoph., Plut. 945; Anth. 8, 145; Magnet. Graffiti ed. Kern 321; 328 [I A.D.] σύζυγοι Βαίβιος Κάλλιπος; Herm. Wr. 6, 1b. In the same sense as Lat. commilito [‘fellow-soldier’], a term of flattery used by Julius Caesar and the emperors, and perh. esp. evocative in its Gk. equivalent in a letter addressed to residents of a Rom. colony. The Gk. term is also used of gladiators, each one of whom is his opponent’s σύζυγος: RHerzog, Koische Forschungen u. Funde 1899 no. 133; CIG 4175; Kaibel 318, 2.—Thieme 32) γνήσιε σύζυγε true comrade, lit. ‘yoke-fellow’ Phil 4:3. It is no longer possible to determine w. certainty just whom the apostle has in mind (MDibelius; FTillmann.—Epaphroditus has been conjectured by some fr. Victorinus to Lghtf. and Zahn. JJeremias, NT Essays [TWManson mem. vol.] ’59, 136–43, esp. 140 [Silas]). Since ἡ σύζυγος=‘wife’ (Eur., Alc. 314; 342; Anth. 8, 161, 6; 164, 2; Syntipas p. 16, 9; 18, 6; Test Reub 4:1), some have thought that Paul’s wife is meant (since Clem. Alex., Strom. 3, 53, 1; Origen, Comm. in Ep. ad Rom. 1, 1). Lohmeyer considers it to mean a ‘brother in suffering’ who is sharing Paul’s imprisonment. Finally, the idea that ς. is a proper name has received considerable support (RLipsius, EHaupt, PEwald, KBarth et al. W-H. mg.).—DELG s.v. ζεύγνυμι IV. M-M. s.v. σύνζυγος. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > σύζυγος

  • 34 παλαίω

    Grammatical information: v.
    Meaning: `to wrestle, to insist on wrestling' (Il.).
    Other forms: Aeol. - αιμι, Boeot. - ήω (Hdn. Gr.). Aor. - αῖσαι, - αισθῆναι, fut. - αίσω.
    Compounds: Also with προσ-, κατα-, συν-.
    Derivatives: 1. Παλαίμων, - ονος m. "wrestler", only as name of a sea-god and surn. of Heracles (E., Call., Lyc., inscr.); from the unattested appellative παλαι-μον-έω = παλαίω (Pi.) and παλαι(σ)μο-σύνη f. `art of wrestling' (Hom., Simon., Wyss - σύνη 24; perh. with anal. -( σ)μο- directly from παλαίω after Porzig Satzinhalte 223). 2. πάλαι-σμα n. `wrestling, bout in wrestling, trick' (IA.), 3. - σις f. `prize fight' (Ptol.); 4. - στής m. `wrestler', fighter' (θ 246) with - στικός `belonging to wrestling, to the wrestler' (Arist.); 5. -στρᾱ f. `wrestling school, gymnasium, arena' (IA.) with - στρίδιον, - στρίτης, - στρικός, - στριαῖος. -- On itself stands πάλη f. `wrestling, wrestling match' (Il.) as backformation (Schwyzer 421 n. 3) with ἀντί-παλος m. `opponent, coequal' (Pi., IA.), δυσ-παλής `hard to battle' (Pi.; with transition to the σ-stems) a.o.; thus διαπάλ-η f. (Pln.) from δια-παλαίω (Ar., Ph.).
    Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
    Etymology: If παλαίω can be compared with κεραίω (: κερά-σαι), λαγαίω (: λαγάσαι) a.o. (Schwyzer 676), the non-pres. tempora must have been second. formed; παίω, which is itself unclear, and the by Schw. l.c. adduced monosyll. present-stems are no help. Etymol. unclear; cf. on πάλλω and πέλομαι, also πελεμίζω. -- Older attempts in Bq.
    Page in Frisk: 2,465-466

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > παλαίω

  • 35 ἐρωτάω

    ἐρωτ-άω, [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. εἰρωτάω, [var] contr. in Hom. and best codd. of Hdt., as 3.119,4.145,al.: [tense] impf.
    A

    ἠρώτων Hp.Epid.7.3

    , ([etym.] ἐπ-) Th.7.10, etc. ;

    εἰρώτα Od.15.423

     ; [dialect] Ion.

    εἰρώτευν Hdt.1.158

    , part. - τεῦντας v.l. in 3.62 (elsewh.

    εἰρώτων 3.140

    ): [tense] fut.

    - ήσω Hp.VM15

    , Pl.R. 350e, etc.: [tense] aor. I

    ἠρώτησα X.Cyr.4.5.21

    , S.Tr. 403, etc.: [tense] pf.

    ἠρώτηκα Pl.Phlb. 18a

    :—used in [dialect] Att. to supply the defective tenses of ἔρομαι:—ask, τινά τι something of one,

    ἅ μ' εἰρωτᾷς Od.4.347

     ;

    εἰρωτᾷς μ' ὄνομα κλυτόν 9.364

     ;

    ὅσ' ἄν σ' ἐρωτῶ S.OT 1122

     ;

    οὐ τοῦτ' ἐρωτῶ σ' Ar.Nu. 641

    :—[voice] Pass., to be asked, τι Pl.Lg. 895e, X.Cyr.1.4.3.
    2 ἐ. τι ask about a thing, A.Pr. 228, Pl.R. 508a ;

    τιπερί τινος Id.Tht. 185c

     ; ἐ. ἐρώτημα to ask a question, Id.R. 487e ; τὰς πύστεις ἐρωτῶντες εἰ.. putting the question, whether.., Th.1.5:—[voice] Pass., τὸ ἐρωτηθέν, τὸ ἐρωτώμενον ἀποκρίνασθαι, to answer the question, Th.3.61, X.Mem.4.2.23, etc. ;

    τὰ ἔμπροσθεν ἠρωτημένα Pl.Lg. 662e

    :—[voice] Pass., also with person as subject, ἐρωτηθεὶς τὸ καλόν asked about beauty, Id.Hp.Ma. 289c.
    3 folld. by indirect question,

    εἰρώτα..τίς εἴη καὶ πόθεν ἔλθοι Od.15.423

     ; ἐ. εἰ.. or ἤν.. to ask whether.., Hp.Steril.230, cf. Th.8.53 ;

    ἐ. ἦ.. A. Th. 181

     ;

    αἰτίαν καθ' ἥντινα Id.Pr. 228

     ;

    πότεροι.. Ar.Ach. 648

     ;

    τοῦτο πρῶτον ἠρώτα, πότερον.. X.An.3.1.7

     ;

    ἐ. πῶς δεῖ ποιεῖν Id.Mem.1.3.1

    .
    II question a person,

    εἰρωτᾷς μ' ἐλθόντα θεὰ θεόν Od.5.97

     ;

    ἐ. καὶ ἐλέγχειν Antipho 6.23

     ;

    τινα ἀμφί τινος E. Ion 236

    (lyr.):— [voice] Pass., to be questioned,

    ἐρωτᾶσθαι θέλω Id.IA 1130

    .
    b of sentries, challenge, Aen.Tact.22.12 ; τὸ ἐρωτώμενον the password, Id.26.9.
    2 in Dialectic, opp. demonstration, question an opponent in order to refute him from his answers, Arist.APr. 24a24 ; τι ib. 42a39 ; hence later, submit, set forth, propound an argument,

    λόγον Gal.5.257

    :—[voice] Pass.,

    ὁ λόγος..ἠρωτῆσθαι φαίνεται Arr.Epict.2.19.1

     ;

    ἐρωτηθέντος τοῦ σοφίσματος S.E.P.2.237

    .
    III later, = αἰτέω, beg, entreat,

    ἐ. τινὰ τὰ εἰς εἰρήνην LXX

     IKi.30.21, al. ; ἐρωτᾶτε τὰ εἰς εἰρήνην τὴν Ἱερουσαλήμ ib.Ps.121(122).6 ;

    ἅ σε ἐρωτῶ PMag.Par.1.272

     ;

    ἐ. τινὰ ποιεῖν τι POxy.292.7

    (i A.D.), Ev.Luc.8.37, etc. ; ἐ. τινὰ ἵνα.. ib.7.36 ; ὅπως.. ib.7.3, al., PMag.Leid.W.16.13 ;

    ἐ. τὸν πατέρα περὶ ὑμῶν Ev.Jo.16.26

    . (Perh. from ἐρ (ϝ) ωτάω, cogn. with ἐρ (ϝ) έσθαι (v. ἔρομαι).)

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐρωτάω

  • 36 ἀπαλλάσσω

    ἀπαλλάσσω, [dialect] Att. [suff] ἀπάλλ-ττω, [tense] fut.
    A

    - ξω Isoc.5.52

    : [tense] pf.

    ἀπήλλᾰχα X.Mem. 3.13.6

    : [tense] aor.

    ἀπήλλαξα Hdt.1.16

    , Ar.V. 1537, etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pf.

    ἀπήλλαγμαι Id. Pax 1128

    , Isoc.5.49, [dialect] Ion.

    ἀπάλλαγμαι Hdt.2.144

    , 167: [tense] aor. ἀπηλλάχθην, [dialect] Ion.

    ἀπαλλ- Id.2.152

    , etc.; in [dialect] Att. ἀπηλλάγην [ᾰ] as always in Prose; also in Trag. (for the most part metri gr., cf. however S.Ant. 422, El. 783 (v.l.), E.Ph. 592 (v.l.), Andr. 592): [tense] fut.

    ἀπαλλαχθήσομαι Id.Hipp. 356

    , Ar.Av. 940; in Prose,

    ἀπαλλαγήσομαι Th. 4.28

    , etc.:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. (in pass. sense)

    ἀπαλλάξομαι Hdt.7.122

    , E. Hel. 437, Th.8.83, etc.: [tense] aor.

    ἀπαηλλάξαντο E.Heracl. 317

    , cf. Plu. Cat.Mi.64.
    A. [voice] Act., set free, deliver from a thing,

    παιδίον δυσμορφίης Hdt. 6.61

    ; τινὰ πόνων, κακῶν, A.Eu.83, Pr. 773;

    τινὰ ἐκ γόων S.El. 292

    ;

    ἐκ φόβου καὶ κακῶν And.1.59

    : c. acc. only, release, S.Ant. 596, etc.;

    κόπος μ' ἀ. Id.Ph. 880

    .
    2 put away from, remove from, τί τινος, as ἀ. γῆς πρόσωπον, φρενῶν ἔρωτα, E.Med.27, Hipp. 774 (lyr.);

    σφαγῆς χεῖρα IT 994

    ;

    χρυσὸν χερός Hec. 1222

    ; ἀ. τινά τινος take away or remove from one, Ar.Ec. 1046;

    τινὰ ἀπὸ τῆς πολιορκίας D.C.43.32

    .
    3 c. acc. only, put away, remove, τι E.Hec. 1068, Pl.Prt. 354d, etc.; μύθοις ἔργ' ἀ. κακά do away ill by words, E.Fr.282.26; get rid of creditors, And. 1.122;

    τοὺς χρήστας Is.5.28

    ; get rid of an opponent, by fair means or foul, D.24.37;

    ἀ. τοὺς κατηγόρους Lys.29.1

    ;

    τοὺς Πελοποννησίους ἐκ τῆς χώρας Th.8.48

    ; dismiss, send away,

    τινά Id.1.90

    ; remove or displace from an office, ib. 129;

    ἀ. τοὺς ὑπηρέτας καὶ θεραπευτῆρας Plu. Lyc.11

    ; also, make away with, destroy, Thphr.HP9.15.2;

    ἑαυτόν Plu.Cat.Mi.70

    ; bring to an end,

    λόγον E.Med. 790

    .
    4 in Law, give a release, discharge, D.36.25, cf. 37.1;

    τοὺς δανείσαντας ἀ. 34.22

    , cf. PTeb.315.16 (ii A.D.); discharge a debt, D.C.59.1, etc.:—so in [voice] Pass., Id.51.17.
    II intr., get off free, escape, esp. with an Adv. added, ῥηιδίως, χαλεπῶς ἀ., Hp.VM10,20, cf. X.Cyr.4.1.5;

    ὁ στόλος οὕτως ἀ.

     came off, ended,

    Hdt.5.63

    , cf. A.Ag. 1288, E.Med. 786;

    οὐκ ὡς ἤθελε ἀπήλλαξεν Hdt.1.16

    ;

    κάκιον ἀ. Pl.R. 491d

    , cf. Men.Epit. 199;

    καταγελάστως ἀ. Aeschin.2.38

    ;

    ἀλυσιτελῶς ἀ. Thphr.Char.8.11

    ; ἀλύπως ἀ. get along well, PPetr.3p.58: with part. or Adj., χαίρων

    ἀ. Hdt.3.69

    ;

    ἀθῷοι ἀ. Pl.Sph. 254d

    , etc.: c. gen., depart from,

    βίου E.Hel. 302

     (dub.l.);

    τοῦ ζῆν Pl.Ax. 367c

    ; so

    πῶς ἀπήλλαχεν ἐκ τῆς ὁδοῦ; X.Mem.3.13.6

    ;

    ἄριστ' ἀπαλλάττεις ἐπὶ τούτου τοῦ κύβου

     in respect of..,

    Diph.73

    .
    2 get off, escape, mostly with some Adj. or Adv. added (as in [voice] Act. 11),

    ῥηιδίως ἀ. Hp.VM3

    ;

    ἀγῶνος ἀ. καλῶς E.Heracl. 346

    ; ἀζήμιος ἀπαλλαγῆναι, ἀπαλλάττεσθαι, Ar.Pl. 271, Pl.Lg. 721d.
    3 abs., to be acquitted, D.22.39.
    4 of a point under discussion, to be dismissed as settled,

    τοῦτο ἀπήλλακται μὴ.. τὸ φίλον φίλον εἶναι Pl.Ly. 220b

    , cf. Phlb. 67a.
    II remove, depart from, ἐκ τῆς χώρης, ἐξ Αἰγύπτου, Hdt.1.61,2.139, al.;

    μαντικῶν μυχῶν A.Eu. 180

    ;

    γῆς ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι πόδα E.Med. 729

    ;

    δόξης, δέους Th.2.42

    ;

    ἀ. παρά τινος Aeschin.1.78

    ; depart, go away,

    ἐς τὴν ἑωυτοῦ Hdt.1.82

    , al.;

    ἐπὶ τῆς ἑωυτοῦ Id.9.11

    , cf. 5.64;

    πρὸς χώραν Pl.Lg. 938a

    : abs., Hdt.2.93, al., Aen. Tact.10.19, 15.9.
    2 ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι τοῦ βίου depart from life, E.Hel. 102, Hipp. 356;

    βίου ἀπαλλαγὴν ἀ. Pl.R. 496e

    ; freq. without τοῦ βίου, depart, die, E.Heracl. 1000, Pl.Phd. 81c, etc.
    3

    ἀ. λέχους

     to be divorced,

    E.Andr. 592

    ;

    ἀ. γυναῖκά τε ἀπ' ἀνδρὸς καὶ τὸν ἄνδρα ἀπὸ γυναικός Pl.Lg. 868d

    .
    4 ἀ. τῶν διδασκάλων leave school, Id.Grg. 514c, cf. X.Mem.1.2.24.
    5

    ἀ. ἐκ παίδων

     become a man,

    Aeschin.1.40

    .
    6 to be removed from, free from the imputation of, ἀπηλλαγμένος εὐηθίης many removes from folly, Hdt.1.60;

    ξυμφορῶν Th.1.122

    ;

    αἰσχύνης Id.3.63

    : c. inf., κρῖναι ἱκανῶς οὐκ ἀπήλλακτο was not far from judging adequately, Id.1.138.
    7 depart from, leave off from,

    τῶν μακρῶν λόγων S.El. 1335

    ;

    σκωμμάτων Ar.Pl. 316

    ;

    ἀ. λημμάτων

     give up the pursuit of..,

    D.3.33

    ; οὐκ ἀπήλλακται γραφικῆς is not averse from.., Luc.Salt.35.
    b abs., have done, cease, of things, S.Ant. 422;

    ὅταν ἡ μέθη ἀπαλλαγῇ Arist.MM 1202a3

    .
    c throw up one's case, give up a prosecution, D.21.151,198.
    d c. part., εἰπὼν ἀπαλλάγηθι speak and be done withit, Pl.Grg. 491c, cf.Tht. 183c;

    ταῦτα μαντευσάμενος ἀπαλλάττομαι Id.Ap. 39d

    ;

    ἀπαλλάχθητι πυρώσας E. Cyc. 600

    : also in part., with a Verb, οὐκοῦν ἀπαλλαχθεὶς ἄπει; make haste and begone, S.Ant. 244.
    8 to depart from enmity, i.e. to be reconciled, settle a dispute,

    πρὸς ἀλλήλους Pl.Lg. 915c

    : abs., ib. 768c.
    9 recover from an ailment, Aret.SD1.14.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀπαλλάσσω

  • 37 ἐπαγωγή

    2 bringing in to one's aid, introduction,

    τὴν τῶν Ἀθηναίων ἐ. Id.3.100

    , cf. 82 (pl.); introduction of food through the gullet, Arist.Spir. 483a9.
    3 invasion, attack,

    ἐπὶ τοὺς ἐναντίους Plb.10.23.7

    : abs., Id.11.15.7.
    4 allurement, enticement,

    ταῖς ἐλπίσι καὶ ταῖς ἐ. D.19.322

    .
    5 process of reasoning, Aristox.Harm.pp.4,53M.
    b esp. in the Logic of Aristotle, argument by induction (cf.

    ἐπάγω 1.10b

    ),

    ἐ. ἡ ἀπὸ τῶν καθ' ἕκαστον ἐπὶ τὰ καθόλου ἔφοδος Top.105a13

    ;

    μανθάνομεν ἢ ἐπαγωγῇ ἢ ἀποδείξει APo.81a40

    ;

    διδασκαλία.. ἡ μὲν δι' ἐπαγωγῆς ἡ δὲ συλλογισμῷ EN1139b27

    ;

    ἔστι τὸ μὲν παράδειγμα ἐ., τὸ δ' ἐνθύμημα συλλογισμός Rh.1356b3

    ; so later συλλογισμοὺς ἢ ἐπαγωγὰς περαίνοντας Polystr.p.11 W., cf. Plot.2.4.6, etc.; also of dialectical argument which leads an opponent into a trap, Gell.6(7).3.34, D.L.3.53.
    6 in Tactics, sequence formation, one wing following the other, opp. παραγωγή, Ascl.Tact.10.1,11.2,4.
    7 leading away into captivity, captivity, LXX Is.14.17: generally, distress, misery, ib.Si.23.14 (pl.), cf. Hsch.
    8

    ἡ τῆς τριχὸς ἐ.

     direction of growth,

    D.S.3.35

    .

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπαγωγή

  • 38 ἀντίδικος

    ἀντίδικος, ου, ὁ (s. δίκη; Aeschyl. et al.)
    ① one who brings a charge in a lawsuit, accuser, plaintiff (so X. et al.; SIG 656, 24; 953, 5 and 15; very oft. pap, e.g. POxy 37 I, 8; 237 VII, 24 and 32; VIII, 12; BGU 592, 7; Pr 18:17; Jer 27:34; Philo, Aet. M. 142; Jos., Ant. 8, 30; loanw. in rabb.) Mt 5:25; Lk 12:58; 18:3. Of the devil, since he appears in court as an accuser 1 Pt 5:8 (cp. Rv 12:10; Job 1:6ff; Zech 3:1); but here and in Lk 18:3 it could mean
    ② one who is continuously antagonistic to another, enemy, opponent in gener. (so Aeschyl., Ag. 41; Philod., Ira p. 65 W.; PGM 3, 6; 1 Km 2:10; Is 41:11; Sir 36:6; Jos., Ant. 13, 413). This would corresp. to the designation of the devil as ἐχθρός TestDan 6:3f.—B. 1432. DELG s.v. δίκη. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἀντίδικος

  • 39 καθύπερθε

    καθύπερθε [pron. full] [ῠ], poet. before a vowel [suff] καθύπερ-θεν (also v.l. in Th.5.59, S. El. 1090 (lyr.)); [dialect] Ion. [full] κατύπερθε: Adv.:—
    A from above, down from above,

    δεινὸν δὲ λόφος κ. ἔνευεν Il.3.337

    , cf. 22.196, Od.12.442, etc.;

    κ. μελαθρόφιν 8.279

    ;

    ἐκ μὲν τοῦ πεδίου.., κ. δέ.. Th.5.59

    , cf.IG12.398: c. gen.,

    πυρός Nic.Th. 691

    .
    2 atop, above, opp. ὑπένερθε, Od.10.353; κ. ἐπιρρέει floats atop, Il.2.754;

    κ. τῶν ὅπλων τοῦ τόνου Hdt.7.36

    ; of geographical position,

    Λέσβος ἄνω.., καὶ Φρυγίη καθύπερθε Il.24.545

    : c. gen., καθύπερθε Χίοιο above, i.e. north of, Chios, Od.3.170: in Prose,

    Κέρκιος κατύπερθε SIG1.3

     (Abu Simbel, vi B. C.); ἡ Χώρη ἡ κ. Hdt.4.8;

    ἡ κ. ὁδός Id.1.104

    , etc.; τὰ κ. the upper country, i.e. farther inland,

    τὰ κ. τῆς λίμνης Id.2.5

    ; τὰ κ. τῆς θηριώδεος ib.32;

    τοῖσι κ. Ἀσσυρίων οἰκημένοισι Id.1.194

    .
    3 above, having the upper hand of, κ. γενέσθαι τινός, prop., of a wrestler who falls atop of his opponent, ib.67, 8.60.

    γ; κ. Χερὶ πλούτῳ τε τῶν ἐχθρῶν S.El.

    l.c. (lyr.); also, of affairs,

    ἐλογίζετο.. κ. οἱ τὰ πρήγματα ἔσεσθαι τῶν Ἑλληνικῶν Hdt.8.136

    ;

    κακοὶ δ' ἀγαθῶν καθύπερθεν Thgn.679

    ; μόχθου κ. superior to misery, unconquered by it, Pi.P.9.31; also

    κ. ἤ.. Hdt.8.75

    .
    II of Time, before, c. gen., Id.5.28.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > καθύπερθε

  • 40 Σατάν

    Σᾰτάν or [full] Σατᾶν, ὁ, Satan, Hebr. word for
    A adversary, opponent, LXX 3 Ki.11.14,23; transl. by ἐπίβουλος in LXX 1 Ki.29.4; also accuser, transl. by ὁ διάβολος in Jb.1.6 sq., Za.3.1:—hence as chief of the evil spirits, the Devil, 2 Ep.Cor.12.7 (indecl., as gen.); also [full] Σᾰτᾰνᾶς, ᾶ, ὁ, LXX Jb.2.3 (cod. A), Si.21.27, freq. in NT, Ev.Matt.4.10, al.:—Adj. [full] Σατανικός, ή, όν, PLond.5.1731.11 (vi A.D.).

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > Σατάν

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