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41 λιγνύς
A thick smoke mixed with flame, murky fire (such as is made by burning resinous substances, Arist.Mete. 387b6, al.),ἱέντα.. διὰ στόμα λιγνὺν μέλαιναν A.Th. 494
; στέροψ λ., of the fires seen by night on the two peaks of Parnassus, S.Ant. 1127 (lyr.);λ. σῶμα καταιθαλοῖ Ar.Av. 1241
; λ. καὶ καπνός Id. Lys. 319;λιγνὺς πρόσεδρος S.Tr. 794
, expld. by Sch. of the smoke of the altar hanging round Heracles: pl.,αἱ φλόγες καὶ αἱ λ. Plb.34.11.18
, cf. Str.6.2.11.2 soot, λ. ἐστι καπνώδης αἰθάλη Erot.s.v. γλῶσσαλιγνυώδης; used medicinally, Dsc.2.72, Gal.12.61. [[pron. full] ῡ Tryph. 322; but [pron. full] ῠ Call. l.c., and prob. in S.Ant. l.c.] -
42 καβάλλης
καβάλλης, - ουGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `working-horse, ἐργάτης ἵππος' (Plu., AP, H.).Derivatives: - καβάλλ(ε)ιον n. `id.' (inscr. Callatis, H.), also metaph. = ἡ πρώτη τοῦ τρικλίνου κλίνη διὰ τὸ ἀνάκλιτον H. Further καβαλλάτιον (\< Lat. * caballatium) plant name, = κυνόγλωσσον (Ps.-Dsc.; cf. the plant names in ἱππο-, Strömberg 30); καβαλλάριος (Teukros Astrol.) = Lat. caballārius `groom' (Gloss.), with καβαλλαρικός ( μύλος, τάπης Edict. Diocl.).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Anat.Etymology: The PN Καβαλλᾶς (IVth cent., Rev. Arch. 1925, I 259) shows that the word is old in Greek. Like Lat. caballus, Welsh EN Caballos καβάλλης (- ης techical and popular, Chantraine Formation 30f.) is an Asiatic loan (Wanderwort), perh. like Wallach a. o. orig. an ethnic); cf. Turc. käväl adjunct of at `horse', Pers. kaval `second class horse of mixed blood'. Further OCS. Russ. kobýla `mare' and acc. to Nehring (s. u.) Skt. kapala- as adjunt of a camel(?). Connection with the Anat. peoples name Καβαλεῖς ( Καβηλέες Hdt.) is uncertain, as is κάβηλος, κάληβος ἀπεσκολυμμένος τὸ αἰδοῖον H. (cf. on βάκηλος). For Lat. cabō, caballus one has suggested Etruscan origin. - Nehring Sprache 1, 164ff.; also W.-Hofmann s. caballus (with Nachtr. 853) and Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. kobýla; also Belardi Doxa 3, 208.Page in Frisk: 1,749-750Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καβάλλης
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43 κινυρός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: Meaning uncertain; adjunct of βοῦς (Ρ 5), of γόος (A. R. 4, 605), of πέτηλα (Nonn. D. 38, 95);Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Meaning early unclear, cf. H.: κινυρή (to Ρ 5). ἁπαλή, νέα, λεχώ, οἰκτρά, θρηνητική and κινυρόν (to A. R. 4, 605). λεπτόν, καπυρόν, ὀξύ, οἰκτρόν. - From here κιν[ν]υρίδες τὰ μικρὰ ὀρνιθάρια H., apparently = `wailing, lamenting'; κινυρίζω `wail, lament' (Ι 612 after Zenodotus), κινύρομαι `gnash, lament' (A. Th. 123 [lyr.], Dikt. 804, Ar. Eq. 11, A. R., Call.). PN Κινύρης (Λ 20), - ρας (Tyrt.). The parallelism of κινυρός, κινυρίζω, κινύρομαι and μινυρός, μινυρίζω, μινύρομαι is clear; prob. there were contaminations. Other mixed forms are κιναθίζειν with - ισμός, - ισμα (s. v.) and κιναρύζεσθαι θρηνεῖν μετὰ τοῦ γογγύζειν H. (after κελαρύζειν?, Leumann Hom. Wörter 241 n. 37). - Following the age of the attested forms Leumann l. c. considers only κινυρός and μινυρίζω as old; the other forms would have originated through contaminations also with μύρομαι. In κινυρός an archaic term of cattle-breeding would have been retained. - A convincing explanation of κινυρός etc. has not yet been found.Page in Frisk: 1,856Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κινυρός
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44 ῥητί̄νη
ῥητί̄νηGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `resin, fir resin' (Hp., Arist., Thphr.), ῥητινό-κηρον n. `wax dissolved in resin' (medic.); on the neuter gender cf. βούτυρον.Derivatives: ῥητιν-ώδης `resinous', - ίτης οἶνος `resinous wine' (Dsc.; Redard 98), - ίζω `be resinous' (Dsc.), - όομαι `to be made resinous' (Hp., Dsc.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: With the formations in -ῑνος, -ῑνη there are both inherited and Pre-Greek words (Chantraine Form. 204f., Schwyzer 491). No connection, prob. Pre-Greek. The comparison with Lat. rasis f. `a kind of raw, to dust pulverized pitch, which was mixed with wine' (Walde and W.-Hofmann s.v. as supposed LW [loanword] from *ῥάσις) is uncertain. -- Lat. rēsīna continues a dial. byform *ῥησίνα (Leumann Lat. Gr. 141). The variant in Latin shows that this is a Pre-Greek word; cf. Furnée 261.Page in Frisk: 2,654Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥητί̄νη
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45 διαμαρτύρομαι
διαμαρτύρομαι fut. διαμαρτυροῦμαι (Just., D. 22, 8 [Ps. 49:7]); 1 aor. διεμαρτυράμην (since X., Pla. et al.; pap, LXX; TestZeb 7:1) gener. to state something in such a way that the auditor is to be impressed with its seriousness.① to make a solemn declaration about the truth of someth. testify of, bear witness to (orig. under oath) (X., Hell. 3, 2, 13) τινί τι (Ezk 16:2 διαμάρτυραι τῇ Ἰερουσαλὴμ τὰς ἀνομίας αὐτῆϚ.—En 104:11 διαμαρτυρέομαί τινί τι; cp. Jos., Ant. 9, 167) of repentance to Judeans and Hellenes Ac 20:21. τὶ the gospel vs. 24; God’s kingdom 28:23; my cause in Jerusalem 23:11. Abs. 8:25; 1 Th 4:6. W. λέγων foll. Ac 20:23; Hb 2:6. W. ὅτι foll. (PSI 422, 7 [III B.C.]) Ac 10:42. W. acc. and inf. foll. Ac 18:5.② to exhort with authority in matters of extraordinary importance, freq. w. ref. to higher powers and/or suggestion of peril, solemnly urge, exhort, warn (X., Cyr. 7, 1, 17; Polyb. 3, 110, 4; Diod S 18, 62, 2; Plut., Cim. 489 [16, 9]; Jos., Ant. 6, 39 al.; Ex 19:10, 21; 1 Km 8:9; 2 Ch 24:19 al.) w. dat. of pers. addressed warn δ. αὐτοῖς Lk 16:28 (w. ἵνα μή foll.). W. ἐνώπιον τ. θεοῦ charge 1 Ti 5:21 (ἵνα); 2 Ti 2:14 (μή w. inf. as Polyb. 1, 33, 5; Plut., Crass. 533 [16, 6]). Abs. Ac 2:40. W. two constr. mixed: δ. ἐνώπιον θεοῦ καὶ Ἰ. Χ. καὶ τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν αὐτοῦ I charge you before God and J. Chr., and by his appearing 2 Ti 4:1. διαμαρτυρομένου ταῦτα Παύλου while Paul was earnestly entreating (God) for this (release from his bonds) AcPl Ha 3, 12 (cp. X., Cyr. 7, 1, 9).—DMacDowell, The Law in Classical Athens, ’78, 212–19.—DELG s.v. μάρτυς. M-M. TW.Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > διαμαρτύρομαι
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46 φύραμα
φύραμα, ατος, τό (fr. φυράω ‘to mix substances’)① that which is mixed/kneaded, mixture/batch of dough (Aristot., Probl. 21, 18, 929a, 25; Plut., Mor. 693e; PTebt 401, 27 [I A.D.]; Num 15:20f) μικρὰ ζύμη ὅλον τὸ φύραμα ζυμοῖ 1 Cor 5:6; Gal 5:9 (ζύμη 1). On Ro 11:16 cp. Num 15:20f. Metaph. (Philo, Sacr. Abel. 108): the Christians are to be νέον φύραμα fresh dough containing no leaven 1 Cor 5:7 (cp. Philo, Spec. Leg. 2, 158 φυράμαπα ἄζυμα; cp. the warning against toleration of fornicators in the congregation).② the dough-like mixture fr. which potters make their wares, lump (Plut., Mor. 811c) Ro 9:21.—B. 360. DELG s.v. φύρω. M-M. -
47 κρατήρ
A mixing vessel, esp. bowl, in which wine was mixed with water, κ. ἀργύρεος, χρύσεος, Il.23.741, 219; [κ.] ἀργύρεος ἔστιν ἅπας, χρυσῷ δ' ἐπὶ χείλεα κεκράανται Od.4.615
; , cf. 247; κρητῆρι δὲ οἶνον μίσγον ib. 269;κρητῆρα κερασσάμενος Od.7.179
, 13.50; , cf.Sapph.51, Alc. 45, S.OC 159 (lyr.), Ar.Ec. 841; κρατῆρα κεράσαι Orac. ap. D.21.53, cf. Th.6.32; (Sigeum, vi B.C.); πίνοντες κρητῆρας drinking bowls of wine, Il.8.232; κρητῆρα στήσασθαι ἐλεύθερον to set up a bowl of wine to be drunk in honour of the deliverance 6.528, cf. Od.2.431; κρητῆρα ἐπιστέψασθαι ποτοῖο, v. ἐπιστέφω; κρατῆρος μέρος μετασχεῖν A.Ch. 291;σπονδὴ τρίτου κρατῆρος S.Fr. 425
.2 metaph., κ. ἀοιδᾶν, of the messenger who bears an ode, Pi.O.6.91; κ. κακῶν, of a sycophant, Ar.Ach. 937 (lyr.);τοσόνδε κρατῆρ' ἐν δόμοις κακων πλήσας.. ἐκπίνει A.Ag. 1397
; αἵματος κρατῆρα πολιτικοῦ στῆσαι, of civil war, D.H.7.44.3 a constellation, the Cup, Ptol.Tetr.27. -
48 Μήλιος
Μήλιος, α, ον, [dialect] Dor. [full] Μάλ- IG5(1).1B1 (Sparta, v B.C.), 12(3).1097, al. ([place name] Melos):—A from the island of Meios, Melian, Thgn.672, Th.3.91, etc.; λιμὸς M., prov. of famine, because of the extremities to which the island was reduced at its siege, Ar.Av. 186.II ἡ Μηλία, with or without γῆ, a greyish aluminous earth, which painters mixed with mineral colours, to give them consistency, Dsc.5.159 ( γῆ μηλίνη ( μιλ- codd.) in Gloss.); alsoAΜηλιάς Hp.Ulc.14
, Thphr.Lap. 62, Plu.2.436c: used as a styptic,στυπτηρίη Μηλίη Hp.Steril.225
: written - εία Id.Ulc.11,18; corrupted toμηδεία Orib.
inc.24.2. -
49 οἰνωπός
Aοἶνοψ, βότρυς Semon.180
, E.Hyps.Fr.41.111 ; οἰ. ἄχνη, i. e. wine, Id.Or. l.c. ;οἰ. δράκων Id.IT 1245
(lyr.) ; ruddy-complexioned, γένυς, of Dionysus, Id.Ba. 438 ; of Polydeuces, Theoc.22.34 ; but, dark-complexioned, Hp.Mul.2.111 ; black mixed with bright light, Arist.Col. 792b6 ; ; dark, of ivy, prob. in S.OC 674 (lyr.) ; of the fruit of the ἀρία, = φελλόδρυς, Thphr.HP3.16.3 ; of theοἰνάς 11
, Arist.Fr. 347 ;ἰχώρ Philum.Ven.18.2
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50 συμμείγνυμι
συμμείγνῡμι (freq. written [suff] σύμμεθ-μιγ- in codd.), Ar.Av. 701 ([voice] Pass.), E. Supp. 224, etc.; more rarely [suff] συμμεθ-ύω, X.Mem.3.14.5, [tense] impf. Id.Cyr.7.1.26, etc.; imper.A ; [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. [tense] pres. [full] συμμίσγω, as always in Hom., Thgn., Hdt., sts. in [dialect] Att. (Th.7.6, Pl.Lg. 678c, Phlb. 23d) and later Prose, SIG1025.8 (Cos, iv/iii B.C. ) (συμμείσγω PTeb.716.3
(ii B.C.), 12.7 (ii B.C.)): [tense] fut. -μ<ε> ίξω X.Cyr.2.1.11, etc. (v. μείγνυμι): [tense] aor. συνέμειξα until iii B.C., PCair.Zen.545.13, 596.4 (other passages s.v. μείγνυμι), and sts. later, OGI751.3 (Attalus II, ii B.C.), 763.3 (Eumenes II, ii B.C.), BGU1784.2 (i B.C.), etc.; - μιξ- first in late iii B.C. (v. μείγνυμι) and freq. f.l. in codd., as of h.Ven.50, 251, Pi.O.3.9, etc.: [tense] pf.- μέμῐχα Plb.16.10.1
, 38.13.5, Apollon.Perg.Con.Praef.:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. -μ<ε> ίξομαι, in pass. sense, Thgn.1245, Bacis ap. Hdt.8.77:—mix together, commingle; the [voice] Act. first in h.Merc.81, h.Ven.50, 250, though the [voice] Pass. occurs in Il. (v. infr.); of two things, both in acc., συμμίσγων μυρίκας καὶ μυρσινοειδέας ὄζους h.Merc. l.c.; βοὰν αὐλῶν ἐπέων τε θέσιν συμμ<ε> ῖξαι Pi.O.3.9, etc.: c. acc. et dat. rei,τοῦτο.. γάλακτι συμμίσγοντες Hdt.4.23
; πῶς κεδνὰ τοῖς κακοῖσι συμμ<ε> ίξω; A.Ag. 648, cf. Pl.R. 415a, etc.; or c. acc. only, ὀργὴν συμμίσγων mixing in, adding, Thgn.214; συμμ<ε>ίξαντες τὰ στρατόπεδα having combined them, Hdt.4.114; :—rarely in [voice] Med., χρώματα συμμ<ε> ίξασθαι Poll.7.128:—[voice] Pass., with [tense] fut. [voice] Med. (v. supr.), to be commingled,ὅ γε Πηνειῷ συμμίσγεται Il.2.753
;συμμίσγεται τῷ Ἴστρῳ Hdt.4.48
;οὔποθ' ὕδωρ καὶ πῦρ συμμείξεται Thgn.1245
;σ. θαλίαισι νέκταρ Sapph.5
;οὐρανὸς σ. τῇ γῇ E.Cyc. 578
;ἀπὸ πλείστων Hp.
Aër. 8; τινι or πρὸς ἄλληλα, Pl.Ti. 83c, 57d; join forces, of two armies, Th.2.31; to be formed by combination, opp. διακρίνομαι, Anaxag. 17; ἐξ ἀμφοῖν συμμ<ε> ιχθείς Pl.Phlb. 22a, cf. 23d: metaph., εἶναι οὐδένα τῷ κακὸν οὐ συνεμ<ε> ίχθη there is none who has not misery as an ingredient in his fate, Hdt.7.203; cf.συγκεράννυμι; συμμεμ<ε>ιγμένος Ἑλληνικὸς καὶ βαρβαρικὸς παιών Lys.2.38
; συμμιγέντων τούτων πάντων when all these things happened together, Hdt.8.38.2 unite sexually, couple,θεοὺς γυναιξί h.Ven.50
, cf. 250; λέχος τινὶ ς. Ar.Th. 891, cf. E.Supp. 222, 224:—[voice] Pass.,συμμ<ε>ιχθῆναι γυναικί Hdt.4.114
;πάλιν ξυμμι<ς>γέσθω Hp.Superf.26
;συμμιγῆναι ἀλλήλοις Pl.Smp. 207b
;ὅταν.. συμμ<ς>ιχθῆτον εἰς ταὐτὸν δύο E.Fr.898.11
; Ἔρως ξυνέμ<ε> ιξενξυμμ<ε>ιγνυμένων δ' ἑτέρων ἑτέροις γένετ' οὐρανός Ar.Av. 700
.3 [voice] Med. and [voice] Pass., associate with persons, Hdt.6.138; ἀνοσίοισι συμμιγεὶς.. ἀνδράσιν mixed up, connected with ungodly men, A.Th. 611.4 metaph., τινὰ εὐθαλεῖ τύχᾳ introduce him to, make him acquainted with high fortune, Pi.P.9.72; χρῆμα δὲ συμμ<ε>ίξῃς μηδενί communicate it not to any one, Thgn.64; κοινόν τι πρῆγμα συμμ<ε>ῖξαί τινι communicate to one a subject of common interest, Hdt.8.58; σ. συμβόλαια form mutual contracts, Pl.Lg. 958c.II intr. in [voice] Act., in sense like the [voice] Pass., have dealings or intercourse with, associate or communicate with, κακοῖσι, ἀγαθοῖς, Thgn.36, 1165, cf. Hdt.4.151, etc.;πονηροῖς ἀνθρώποις D.32.11
;Διονυσίῳ Phld.Acad.Ind. p.7
M.; σ. πρός τινα join him, X.HG1.3.7: generally, meet for conversation or traffic, Hdt.2.63, 6.23, etc.; σ. τινί talk or converse with, Id.1.123, E.Hel. 324, Ar.Ec. 516 (anap.), X.Cyr.8.1.46;διὰ λόγων σ. τινί Pl.Plt. 258a
;πρός τινα X.Cyr.7.4.11
; Ἱέραξ ὁ παρὰ σοῦ συμμείξας BGUl.c.; of ambassadors interviewing kings, OGI ll. cc.2 of sexual intercourse, Pl.Lg. 930d.3 in hostile sense, meet in close fight, come to blows, engage, τινι with one, Hdt.1.127, 6.14, Th.7.6, etc.: abs., Id.1.49, 8.104, X. An.4.6.24; alsoσ. τῇ ναυμαχίῃ Hdt.1.166
;σ. τινὶ ἐς μάχην Id.4.127
, etc.;σ. ὁμόσε τισί X.Cyr.7.1.26
; σ. εἰς χεῖράς τινι ib.2.1.11; of ships, Th.2.84: c. acc., νείκεα συνμείσχιν ([etym.] συμμείξειν)πόλεμόν θ' ἅμα IG12.920
.4 generally, meet,τοῖς ἄλλοις εἰς λιμένα X.An. 6.3.24
, cf. PEleph.29.11 (iii B.C.), etc.; θάλατται πρὸς ἀλλήλας ς. Arist.Mete. 354a1;ποταμοὶ σ. ἀλλήλοις D.S.2.37
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51 συρμαία
Aσυρμός 11
) purge-plant, a name given to the radish, as used by the Egyptians (cf. μελανοσυρμαῖος), Hdt.2.88, 125, Ar. Pax 1254, PPetr.3p.327 (iii B.C.), D.S.1.64, cf. Erot. s.v. ἀπὸ συρμαϊσμοῦ, Did. ap. Sch.Ar. l.c.:—its juice mixed with salt water they used as a purgative and emetic, Hp.Mul.1.78, cf. Hsch.II a mixture of honey and suet, given as a prize at Sparta, in a contest of the same name, IG5(1).222.7 (v B.C. ?), Hsch.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συρμαία
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52 συρφετός
συρφετ-ός, ὁ,A anything dragged or swept together, sweepings, refuse, litter, χόρτος καὶ ς. Hes.Op. 606, cf. Call.Ap. 109, Plu.2.97f; συρφετὸν ἡγεῖσθαί τι ib.811e;σ. ῥημάτων Jul.Or.7.218c
; cf.σύρμα 1.2
.2 metaph., mixed crowd, mob, rabble,σ. δούλων Pl.Grg. 489c
; τῷ πολλῷ ς. to the many-headed mob, Id.Tht. 152c; ἐλθεῖν εἰς τοιοῦτον ς. Euphro 10.6, cf. Jul.Or.5.173a.b of a single person, one of the mob, οὐ κομψός, ἀλλὰ ς. Pl.Hp.Ma. 288d:—hence as Adj., of or like the mob, vulgar, Simp. in Epict. p.86 D., Sch.Hermog. in Rh.4.40 W.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συρφετός
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53 ἁπλόος
A twofold, and so,I single, , cf. X. Cyr.1.3.4 ([comp] Comp.);ἁπλῷ τείχει περιτειχίζειν Th.3.18
;δὶς τόσ' ἐξ ἁπλῶν κακά S.Aj. 277
; ; .II simple, plain, straightforward,κελεύθοις ἁπλόαις ζωᾶς Pi.N.8.36
;ἁ. ὁ μῦθος A.Ch. 554
;ἁ. λόγῳ Id.Pr. 610
,al.; ὡς ἁ. λόγῳ ib.46, Ar.Ach. 1151; ἁ. λόγος the matter is simple, E.Hel. 979; ἁ. διήγησις simple narrative (without dialogue), Pl.R. 392d; οὐκ ἐς ἁπλοῦν φέρει leads to no simple issue, S.OT 519;ἁπλᾶ γε καὶ σαφῆ λέγω μαθεῖν Alex.240.7
;οὐδὲν ἔχω ἁπλούστερον λέγειν X.Cyr.3.1.32
; of single-membered periods, Demetr.Eloc.17, etc.; of habits,ἁπλούστατος βίος Plb.9.10.5
;νόμοι λίαν ἁ. καὶ βαρβαρικοί Arist.Pol. 1268b39
;ἁπλοῦν ἦν.. ἀποθανεῖν
a plain course,Men.
14.b of persons, or their words, thoughts, and acts, simple, open, frank, ;ἁ. καὶ γενναῖος Pl.R. 361b
, etc.;ἁ. τρόποι E.IA 927
; opp. δόλος, Ar.Pl. 1158;πρὸς τοὺς φίλους ὡς ἁπλούστατον εἶναι X. Mem.4.2.16
.c simple-minded,ὁ κριτὴς ὑπόκειται εἶναι ἁ. Arist. Rh. 1357a12
, cf. HA 608b4 ([comp] Comp.), Rh. 1367a37; in bad sense, simple, silly, Isoc.2.46;λίαν γὰρ ἁπλοῦν τὸ νομίζειν.. Arist.Mete. 339b34
.III simple, opp. compound or mixed, Pl.R. 547e, etc.; opp. μεμιγμένος, κεκραμένος, Arist.Metaph. 989b17, Sens. 447a18;ἁ. χρώματα Id.Col. 791a1
; ἁ. ὀνόματα, opp. διπλᾶ, Id.Po. 1457a31; also of nouns, without the article, A.D.Synt.98.17, al.; of the positive adjective, Plu.2.412e, etc.b ἁ. βιβλία rolls containing a single author, Id.Ant.58.d ἁ. ἐπίδεσμος, a kind of bandage, Hp.Off.7, etc.3 simple, unqualified (cf.ἁπλῶς 11.3
),οὐ πάνυ μοι δοκεῖ.. οὕτως ἁπλοῦν εἶναι ὥστε.. Pl.Prt. 331b
, cf. Smp. 206a, Tht. 188d, al.IV Adv. ἁπλῶς, v. sub voc.V [comp] Comp. and [comp] Sup. ἁπλούστερος, ἁπλούστατος, v. supr.; irreg. [comp] Sup.ἁπλότατος AP6.185
(Zos.). (Cf. δι-πλόος; ἁ- = sṃ; - πλόος perh. identical with πλοῦς 'voyage', cf. Serb. jedan put '(one journey, hence) once'; transition from 'once' to 'simple' as in Lett. vienkars?ἁπλόοςXs 'simple' (cf. Lith. vienkart 'once').) -
54 πικραίνω
πικραίνω fut. πικρανῶ; aor. ἐπίκρανα LXX. Pass: fut. 3 pl. πικρανθήσονται Jer 40:9; 1 aor. ἐπικράνθην; prim. ‘make sharp’ esp. to the taste (s. three next entries).① to cause to become bitter, make bitter in physical sense (Hippocr. et al.) πικρανεῖ σου τὴν κοιλίαν (κοιλία 1b) Rv 10:9. Pass., of the stomach ἐπικράνθη ἡ κοιλία vs. 10. Of someth. that has been swallowed: (τὰ ὕδατα) ἐπικράνθησαν 8:11 (prob. not in ref. to οἱ ἄνθρωποι, in the sense ‘made bitter’=poisoned?). Of honey when wormwood is mixed w. it Hm 5, 1, 5.② to cause bitter feelings, embitter, make bitter, in affective sense (Pla.+; LXX; ApcrEzk Denis p. 122, 3 [Epiph. 70, 14]) pass., intr. sense become bitter or embittered abs. (Demosth., Ep. 1, 6; Ep. 6 of Apollonius of Tyana: Philostrat. I 346, 19; Is 14:9; Philo, Mos. I, 302) Hm 10, 2, 3. π. πρός τινα be embittered against someone Col 3:19 (πρός τινα as Lynceus in Athen. 6, 242b).—DELG s.v. πικρός. M-M. TW. -
55 ἀλόη
ἀλόη, ης, ἡ (Plut., Mor. 141f; 693c; Diosc. 3, 22 et al.; PGM 7, 434; PLeid II, X, 12 and 36; PSI 1180,76; SSol 4:14 v.l. [αλωθ in text as rendering of אֲהָלוֹת cp. Ps 45:9; Pr 7:17 both Mt and here prob. product of the eaglewood or ‘Aqualaria agallocha’—ἀγάλλοχον or ‘A. mallacensis’]) aloes. In J 19:39 ἀλόη prob. refers to the strong aromatic, quick-drying juice of the ‘aloe vera’ or ‘aloe succotrina’, here mixed w. myrrh (ἀ. w. σμύρνα PGM 7, 434; SSol 4:14) and used for embalming (Ps.-Callisth. 3, 34, 4 ἀλόη and μύρρα [sic] are used to embalm Alexander’s corpse, but in his case a choice variety, such as Aquilaria ovata, would prob. have been used).—M’Clintock-Strong and ISBE, both s.v. ‘Aloes’, present options. S. also DELG. -
56 μάθημα
A that which is learnt, lesson,τὰ παθήματα μαθήματα Hdt.1.207
;μ. μαθεῖν S.Ph. 918
; μ. τινός or περί τι, Pl.Smp. 211 c, R. 525d;προσπορεύεται πρὸς τὰ λοιπὰ μ. PCair.Zen.60.7
(iii B. C.);ἀφεῖσθαι τοὺς παῖδας ἀπὸ τῶν μ. SIG577.77
(Milet., iii/ii B. C.), cf. 578.28 (Teos, ii B. C.), al.2 learning, knowledge, Ar.Nu. 1231, Av. 380, Th.2.39, PSI1.94.9 (ii A. D.), etc.; οἱ καθιστάμενοι ἐπὶ τῶν μ. educational authorities, SIG578.66 (Teos, ii B. C.); τὸ μ. τὸ περὶ τὰς τάξεις the science of tactics, Pl.La. 182b: freq. in pl., Isoc.12.27, etc.;μαθημάτων φρόντιζε μᾶλλον χρημάτων· τὰ γὰρ μαθήματ' εὐπορεῖ τὰ χρήματα Philem. 232
.3 esp. the mathematical sciences, Archyt.1,3 tit.; τρία μ., i. e. arithmetic, geometry, and astronomy, acc. to Pl.Lg. 817e, cf. Phld. Ind.Sto.66; later τὰ τέσσαρα μ. ( ἁρμονική being added) Theol.Ar.17; Arist. distd. pure from mixedμ., τὰ φυσικώτερα τῶν μ., οἷον ὀπτικὴ καὶ ἁρμονικὴ καὶ ἀστρονομία Ph. 194a8
;ἡ ἐν τοῖς μ. ἁρμονική Metaph. 997b21
;τὰ μ. περὶ τὰ εἴδη ἐστίν APo. 79a7
; οἱ ἀπὸ τῶν μ. mathematicians, Cleom.1.8.4 astrology, AP7.687 (Pall.).5 creed, Cod.Just.1.1.7.11, al. -
57 μειλίχιος
A gentle, soothing, Hom. mostly of speech,μειλιχίοις ἐπέεσσι Il.12.267
, al.;μ. μῦθος Od.6.148
, cf. B.10.90: without Subst., προσαυδᾶν μειλιχίοισι with gentle words, Il.4.256, 6.214;οἱ δέ τ' ἐς αὐτὸν τερπόμενοι λεύσσουσιν—ὁ δ' ἀσφαλέως ἀγορεύει—αἰδοῖ μειλιχίῃ Od.8.172
;θεὸν ὣς ἱλάσκονται αἰδοῖ μειλιχίῃ Hes.Th.92
. Adv. - ίως A.R.2.467, etc.: neut. as Adv.,μειλίχιον μυκήσατο Mosch.2.97
.II later of persons, mild, gracious, Ζεὺς M. the protector of those who invoked him with propitiatory offerings, at Athens, IG12.866 (written [full] Μιλίχιος), Th.1.126, X.An.7.8.4; at Orchomenus in Boeotia, IG7.3169 (written [full] Μιλίχιος BCH50.422 ([place name] Thespiae)); in Argolis, Paus.2.20.1, etc.; of other divinities, as Dionysus, Plu.2.994a, etc.;Κύπρις AP5.225
(Paul. Sil.): Cret., Theraean [full] Μηλίχιος GDI 5046 ([place name] Hierapytna), al., IG12(3).406, 1316; early [dialect] Ion. [full] Μειλίχιος written [full] Μελ- ib.12(5).727 ([place name] Andros); Arc. written [full] Μελίχιος ib.5(2).90 (Tegea, perh. iv B. C.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > μειλίχιος
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58 πρόβατον
πρόβᾰτον, τό, freq. in pl. πρόβατα (but also in sg., Cratin.43, Pl. Euthd. 302a, etc.); heterocl. dat. πρόβασι Hdn.Gr.1.414, Hsch.:— used (among the Ionians and Dorians) of all four-footedA cattle, Hdt. 2.41, etc.;πάντων τῶν π. βόες μάλιστα ἀτονέουσι Hp.Art.8
;τὰ ἄλλα π. καὶ ἵππους μάλιστα Hdt.4.61
, cf. Pi.Fr. 316, IG12(1).677.31 (Rhodes, iv/iii B.C.); of Europa's bull, Simon.28: in Hom. generally of cattle, flocks and herds, Il.14.124, 23.550, h.Merc. 571, cf. IG12(7).62.35 (Amorgos, iv B.C.);τὰ π. καὶ καρταίποδα Leg.Gort.4.35
; opp. ἄνθρωποι, Hes.Op. 558, Hdt.1.203; τὰ λεπτὰ τῶν π. small cattle, i.e. sheep and goats, ib. 133, 8.137;τὸ μὲν μέζον π..., τὸ δὲ μεῖον IG5
(2).3.14 (Tegea, iv B.C.); so later,π. ἀπὸ τῶν ἀρνῶν καὶ τῶν ἐρίφων λήψεσθε LXX Ex.12.5
: but in [dialect] Att. Prose and Com. (never in Trag.) almost invariably of sheep, Ar.Av. 714, Th.2.14, IG22.1672.289, etc.;ὥσπερ π. βῆ βῆ λέγων βαδίζει Cratin.43
; so in later [dialect] Boeot., IG7.3171.39,44 (Orchom. [dialect] Boeot.): generally, animals for slaughter, whether for sacrifices, Hdt.6.56; or for food, Id.1.207; cf. Antipho 5.29.2 prov. of stupid, lazy people,ἀριθμός, πρόβατ' ἄλλως Ar.Nu. 1203
, cf. V.32: Com. [comp] Comp., προβάτου προβάτερον more sheepish than a sheep, dub. cj. in Sophr.122; χρυσοῦν π., = Lat. pecus aurea, as nickname, D.C.59.8: in other provs.,τοὺς γευομένους κύνας τῶν π. κατακόπτειν φασὶ δεῖν D.25.40
;λέων ἐν προβάτοις Plu.Cleom.33
, cf. Plb.5.35.13.II name of a sea-fish, Opp.H.1.146, 3.139, Ael.NA9.38. (Orig. of small cattle, sheep and goats, which in primitive mixed herds walk in front ([etym.] προβαίνει) of the larger animals.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πρόβατον
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59 συγκεράννυμι
Aσυγκρᾱθήσομαι E. Ion 406
: [tense] aor. 1 συνεκράθην [ᾱ], [dialect] Ion.- εκρήθην Hp.Vict.1.32
; also : [tense] pf. συγκέκρᾱμαι (v. infr.): —mix, blend with, πολλὰ [ἑνί] or εἰς ἕν, Id.Cra. 424d, Ti. 68d; λύπῃ τὴν ἡδονὴν ς. temper pleasure by a mixture of pain, Id.Phlb. 50a;τὸ πικρὸν μέλιτι AP12.154
(Mel.).2 mix together, commingle, ; τὸν πέμπτον [κύαθον] AP12.168 (Posidipp.);μέλος συγκεράσας τις ἐγχέοι Anacreont.20.4
; ἐξ ἀμφοτέρων ς. make a mixture of both, Pl.R. 397c.II more freq. in [voice] Pass., to be mixed or blended with, coalesce, τινι Pl.Ti. 68c;πρὸς ἄλληλα Id.R. 618d
.2 to be commingled, blended, τὰ παλαιὰ συγκεκρ. ἄλγη the old commingled woes, A.Ch. 744: c. dat., Call.Aet.3.1.75; παίδων ὅπως νῷν σπέρμα ς. E. l.c.;ὁμοῦ τό τε φαῦλον καὶ τὸ μέσον καὶ τὸ πάνυ ἀκριβῶς.. ξυγκραθέν Th.6.18
; τῇ τῶν ἐναντίων κράσει ς. Pl.Lg. 889c; ; ;παιδεία εὐκαίρως συγκεκραμένη D.61.43
; συγκέκραται αὐτῶν ἡ φύσις, of the dog and fox, X.Cyn.3.1.3 of friendships, to be formed by close union,φιλίαι μεγάλαι συνεκρήθησαν Hdt.4.152
:—[voice] Med., πρός τινα φιλίην συγκεράσασθαι form a close friendship with any one, Id.7.151, cf. D.H.6.7; so τὸ ἔχθος τὸ ἐς Λακεδαιμονίους συγκεκρημένον (cj. Reiske for συγκεκυρημένον) Hdt.9.37.4 of persons, to be closely attached to, be close friends with,τοῖς ἡλικιώταις X.Cyr.1.4.1
.b to become closely acquainted with, become deeply involved in,συγκέκραμαι δύᾳ S.Ant. 1311
(lyr.);πολυφόρῳ συγκέκραμαι δαίμονι Ar.Pl. 853
; ; οἴκτῳ τῷδε συγκεκραμένη deeply affected by.., Id.Aj. 895; for Tr. 662 (lyr.), v. πάγχριστος.5 of a wife,ἀξίοις γάμοις -κερασθεῖσα IG5(2).268.32
(Mantinea, i B.C.), cf. Plu.2.768b.III [voice] Med., mix with or for oneself,εἰς μίαν πάντα ἰδέαν Pl.Ti. 35a
, cf. 69d;σ. αἰσθήσεις νῷ Id.Lg. 961e
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συγκεράννυμι
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60 φύρω
Aἔφῡρον Il.24.162
, A.Pr. 450: [tense] fut.φύρσω Pi.Pae.2.73
, Hsch.: [tense] aor. subj.φύρσω Od.18.21
, inf.φύρσαι A.R.2.59
; laterἔφῡρα AP7.476
(Mel.), Luc.Prom.13:— [voice] Med., [tense] aor. part.φυρσάμενος Nic.Th. 507
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.πεφύρσομαι Pi.N.1.68
codd.; later φῠρήσομαι ([etym.] συμ-) Sch. ad loc.: [tense] aor. (lyr.); later [tense] aor. 2 ἐφύρην [pron. full] [ῠ] ([etym.] συναν-) Luc.Ep.Sat.28: [tense] pf. πέφυρμαι (v. infr.):— mix something dry with something wet, mostly with a sense of mixing so as to spoil or defile,γαῖαν ὕδει φ. Hes.Op.61
; esp. of tears or blood, δάκρυσιν εἵματ' ἔφυρον they wetted, sullied their garments with tears, Il.24.162: c. gen. pro dat.,μή σε.. στῆθος καὶ χείλεα φύρσω αἵματος Od.18.21
:—[voice] Pass.,δάκρυσι πεφυρμένη 17.103
, etc.;ὄμμα δακρύοις πεφυρμένοι E.Or. 1411
(lyr.);πεφυρμένος αἵματι Od.9.397
;γῆ αἵματι πεφ. X.Ages.2.14
; l.c. (lyr.);μητρὸς.. ἐν αἵμασι πεφυρμένοι E.El. 1173
;πάντα βορβόρῳ πεφυρμένα Semon.7.3
;ἱστίον.. πεφυρμένον πρινὸς ἄνθεϊ
stained, dyed,Simon.
54: dub. in signf. of φυράω, ἐλαίῳ ἄλφιτα πεφυρμένα, v.l. for πεφυραμένα in Th.3.49; τέφρᾳ πεφυρμένῃ ὄξει, v.l. for πεφυραμένῃ in Gp.5.39.2.2 of dry things,κόνει φύρουσα.. κάρα E.Hec. 496
; γαίᾳ πεφύρσεσθαι κόμαν to be doomed to have one's hair defiled with earth, Pi. l.c.;ἄνθος ἔφυρε κόνις AP7.476
(Mel.).II metaph., jumble together, confound, confuse, ἔφυρον εἰκῇ πάντα they mingled all things up together, did all at random, A.Pr. 450, cf. Ar.Ra. 945, Pl.Phd. 97b; ([voice] Med., οὐκ ἂν φύροιο would not jumble your arguments, ib. 101e);φύρουσι δ' αὐτὰ θεοὶ πάλιν τε καὶ πρόσω ταραγμὸν ἐντιθέντες E.Hec. 958
; ἐν ταῖς ὁμιλίαις φύρειν to speak confusedly among themselves, M.Ant.8.51:—[voice] Pass., to be mixed up,ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ Pl.Grg. 465c
, cf. d; βίοτον ἐκ πεφυρμένου καὶ θηριώδους διεσταθμήσατο from a confused and savage state, E.Supp. 201.2 [voice] Med., mix with others, mingle in society, Pl.Lg. 950a; φύρεσθαι πρὸς τὸν ἄνθρωπον associate, have dealings with him, Id.Hp. Ma.291a; φυρομένοισιν ἀεὶ περὶ γαστέρος ὁρμήν wallowing in the lusts of the belly, Opp.H.3.440, and cf.μείγνυμι B.
3 confound, Pi.Pae.2.73 (expld. by Sch. as = ἀποκτενεῖ).4 [voice] Pass., metaph., to be mutually befouled by abuse, Plu.2.89d. (Prob. cogn. with πορφύρω.)
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