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  • 61 assido

    as-sīdo ( ads-, Ritschl, Fleck., B. and K., Dietsch; ass-, Roth), sēdi, no sup., 3, v. n., to sit down, seat one's self somewhere, sit (syn. assideo).
    a.
    Absol.: Adsido; accurrunt servi;

    soccos detrahunt,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 72:

    adsidamus, si videtur,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 14:

    Assidentem (Caesarem) conspirati specie officii circumsteterunt,

    Suet. Caes. 82.—
    b.
    With an adjunct of place:

    in sellā apud magistrum adsideres,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 28:

    hic,

    id. Stich. 1, 2, 35:

    hic in arā,

    id. Rud. 3, 3, 26:

    eo mulier adsidat,

    Cato, R. R. 157, 11:

    ut aves videre possint, ubi adsidant,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 3:

    super aspidem,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 18, 59:

    aquila in culmine domūs assedit,

    Suet. Tib. 14:

    humi assidens,

    id. Ner. 53 al. —
    c.
    With acc. (cf. assideo, II. A.):

    Hiempsal dextrā Adherbalem adsedit,

    Sall. J. 11, 3:

    se utrumque adsidere jussit,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 10.—Of an orator who sits down after he has finished his speech: Peroravit aliquando, adsedit;

    surrexi ego,

    he sat down, took his seat, Cic. Rosc. Am. 22:

    subito adsedit, cum sibi venenis ereptam memoriam diceret,

    id. Or. 37, 129:

    Set ubi adsedit, Catilina etc.,

    Sall. C. 31, 7; 53, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > assido

  • 62 assurgo

    as-surgo ( ads-, B. and K., Rib., Merk., Halm, Weissenb.; ass-, Roth), surrexi, surrectum, 3, v. n., to rise up, rise, stand up (cf. ad, II. B.; class.; freq. in Verg., once in Ov., never in Hor.; syn.: surgo, consurgo, insurgo, orior).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    Of persons:

    quae dum laudatio recitatur, vos quaeso, qui eam detulistis, adsurgite,

    Cic. Clu. 69, 196:

    fratrem adsurrexisse ex morbo,

    Liv. 3, 24: Valentem e gravi corporis morbo adsurgentem, Tac. H. 2, 99:

    intortis adsurgens arduus undis,

    Val. Fl. 3, 476:

    desine viso adsurgere pulvere,

    Claud. Cons. Stil. 3, 3.—Hence, with dat. or absol., to rise up to one, to rise up, out of respect.
    a.
    With dat.:

    an quisquam in curiam venienti adsurrexit?

    Cic. Pis. 12:

    Utque viro Phoebi chorus adsurrexerit omnis,

    Verg. E. 6, 66: Ruricolae Cereri teneroque adsurgite Baccho, * Ov. Am. 3, 2, 53:

    honori numinis,

    Stat. Th. 2, 60:

    cum palam esset ipsum quoque iisdem et assurgere et decedere viā,

    Suet. Tib. 31:

    cum conaretur assurgere,

    id. Caes. 78 al.:

    non adsurrexisse sibi,

    Vulg. Esth. 5, 9; so with coram (eccl. Lat.):

    coram te adsurgere nequeo,

    Vulg. Gen. 31, 35.—
    b.
    Absol.:

    neque assurgere neque salutare se dignantem,

    Suet. Vesp. 13; Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 48:

    et senes adsurgentes stabant,

    Vulg. Job, 29, 8. —In pass. impers.:

    ut majoribus natu adsurgatur,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 48:

    cum adsurrectum ei non esset,

    Liv. 9, 46:

    ludos ineunti semper adsurgi etiam ab senatu in more est,

    Plin. 16, 4, 5, § 13; Suet. Aug. 56: so in a zeugma: haec enim ipsa sunt honorabilia... salutari, appeti, decedi, adsurgi, deduci, etc. (decedi and adsurgi being impers. here, the other verbs pers.), Cic. Sen. 18, 63.—Hence, trop., to give the preference to, to yield to:

    sunt et Aminaeae vites... Tmolius adsurgit quibus,

    yields the palm, Verg. G. 2, 98.— Poet.:

    jamque adsurgentis dextrā plagamque ferentis Aeneae subiit mucronem, i.e. dextram attollentis,

    Verg. A. 10, 797.—
    B.
    Of inanimate things:

    colles adsurgunt,

    rise, Liv. 22, 4; so Col. 2, 2, 1, and Tac. A. 13, 38:

    Pyramis adsurgit trecentis sexaginta tribus pedibus,

    Plin. 36, 12, 17, § 80:

    Delos adsurgit Cynthio monte,

    id. 4, 12, 22, § 66.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    To mount up, to rise, to increase in size, swell, tower up ( poet.):

    cum subito adsurgens fluctu nimbosus Orion,

    Verg. A. 1. 535:

    adsurgens nox aurea,

    Val. Fl. 5, 566:

    tumores oriuntur, deinde desinunt, deinde rursus adsurgunt,

    Cels. 2, 8:

    non coeptae adsurgunt turres,

    Verg. A. 4, 86:

    terra jacet aggeribus niveis informis septemque adsurgit in ulnas,

    rises seven ells high, id. G. 3, 355: Adsurgit ceu forte minor sub matre virente Laurus, Claud. Nupt. Hon. et Mar. 244.—
    B.
    Of mental objects.
    1.
    To rise:

    nunc sera querellis Haud justis adsurgis,

    i. e. break out in complaints, Verg. A. 10, 95:

    adsurgunt irae,

    id. ib. 12, 494:

    in ultionem adsurgere,

    Flor. 3, 1, 10.—
    2.
    To rise in courage, to rise (cf. the opp. affligi):

    gaudet in adversis animoque adsurgit Adrastus,

    Stat. Th. 10, 227.—
    3.
    Of style, etc., to rise, soar:

    raro adsurgit Hesiodus,

    Quint. 10, 1, 52:

    neque comoedia cothurnis adsurgit,

    id. 10, 2, 22; cf.:

    sublimitate heroici carminis animus adsurgat,

    id. 1, 8, 5.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > assurgo

  • 63 caeco

    caeco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [id.], to make blind, to blind.
    I.
    Lit.:

    sol caecat,

    Lucr. 4, 325 (300); Paul. Nol. Carm. Nat. S. Fel. 20, 7; 20, 292:

    unde caecatus est (Appius Claudius),

    Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 34, 3.—Hence, in gardening:

    oculum,

    to destroy, Col. 4, 9, 2; 4, 24, 16; cf. caecus, I. C., and oculus.—
    B.
    Trop.:

    qui largitione caecarunt mentes imperitorum,

    Cic. Sest. 66, 139:

    ut (animi acies) ne caecetur erroribus,

    id. Tusc. 5, 13, 39:

    caecati libidinibus,

    id. ib. 1, 30, 72:

    cupiditate,

    id. Dom. 23, 60:

    caecata mens subito terrore,

    Liv. 44, 6, 17:

    pectora... serie caecata laborum,

    Ov. P. 2, 7, 45:

    caecabitur spes vindemiae,

    Pall. 1, 6, 11:

    timidos artus,

    to make senseless, Verg. Cul. 198.—
    II.
    Transf., to make dark, to obscure:

    caecantur silvae,

    Avien. Per. 504.—
    B.
    Trop., of [p. 261] discourse:

    celeritate caecata oratio,

    rendered obscure, Cic. Brut. 76, 264.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > caeco

  • 64 cantio

    cantĭo, ōnis, f. [cano, lit. a singing, playing; hence meton. abstr. pro concr.].
    I.
    A song (rare;

    mostly ante-class.),

    Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 25; 5, 5, 19; 5, 6, 8; Suet. Ner. 25;

    of birds,

    App. Flor. 2, p. 349, 11; Fronto ad Ver. 1 (cf. cantatio).—
    II.
    An incantation, charm, spell, Cato, R. R. 160:

    subito totam causam oblitus est, idque veneficiis et cantionibus Titiniae factum dicebat,

    Cic. Brut. 60, 217; App. M. 1, 10, p. 106, 27.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cantio

  • 65 capio

    1.
    căpĭo, cepi, captum (old fut. perf. capso, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 61: capsit, Enn. ap. Non. p. 66, 27, or Ann. v. 324 Vahl.; Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 6; Att. ap. Non. p. 483, 12, or Trag. Rel. v. 454 Rib.; Paul. ex. Fest. p. 57 Mull.:

    capsimus,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 1, 15: capsis, acc. to Cic. Or. 45, 154, = cape si vis, but this is an error; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 66; old perf. cepet, Col. Rostr. 5; v. Wordsworth, Fragm. and Spec. p. 170), 3, v. a. [cf. kôpê, handle; Lat. capulum; Engl. haft; Germ. Heft; Sanscr. root hri-, take; cf. Gr. cheir, Engl. and Germ. hand, and Goth. hinthan, seize].
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., to take in hand, take hold of, lay hold of, take, seize, grasp (cf.:

    sumo, prehendo): si hodie hercule fustem cepero aut stimulum in manum,

    Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 9:

    cape hoc flabellum,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 47:

    cepit manibus tympanum,

    Cat. 6, 3, 8:

    tu, genitor, cape sacra manu patriosque Penatis,

    Verg. A. 2, 717:

    cape saxa manu, cape robora, pastor,

    id. G. 3, 420:

    flammeum,

    Cat. 61, 8:

    acria pocula,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 69:

    lora,

    Prop. 3 (4), 9, 57:

    baculum,

    Ov. M. 2, 789:

    colum cum calathis,

    id. ib. 12, 475:

    florem ternis digitis,

    Plin. 24, 10, 48, § 81:

    pignera,

    Liv. 3, 38, 12; Dig. 48, 13, 9, § 6; Gai Inst. 4, 29:

    ut is in cavea pignus capiatur togae,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 68: rem manu, Gai Inst. 1, 121:

    rem pignori,

    Dig. 42, 1, 15, § 7; cf. ib. 42, 1, 15, § 4:

    scutum laeva,

    Plin. 33, 1, 4, § 13:

    capias tu illius vestem,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 79: cape vorsoriam, seize the sheet, i. e. take a tack, turn about, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 19.—Very freq. of arms (cf. sumo); so in gen.: arma, to take up arms, i. e. engage in war or battle, Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 20 sq.; 9, 27; 11, 31; id. Planc. 36, 88; id. Phil. 4, 3, 7; Caes. B.G. 5, 26; 7, 4; Sall. C. 27, 4; 30, 1; 33, 2; 52, 27; id. J. 38, 5; 102, 12; Ov. M. 3, 115 sq.; 12, 91; 13, 221;

    and of particular weapons: ensem,

    Ov. M. 13, 435:

    tela,

    id. ib. 3, 307; 5, 366 et saep.—Of food, to take, partake of:

    quicum una cibum Capere soleo,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 61; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 77; Sall. J. 91, 2:

    lauti cibum capiunt,

    Tac. G. 22.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Of living objects.
    a. (α).
    Of persons:

    oppidum expugnavimus, et legiones Teleboarum vi pugnando cepimus,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 258: summus ibi capitur meddix, occiditur alter, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Mull. (Ann. v. 296 Vahl.):

    quoniam belli nefarios duces captos jam et comprehensos tenetis,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 7, 16:

    ibi Orgetorigis filia atque unus e filiis captus est,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 26:

    reges capiuntur,

    Lucr. 4, 1013; Tac. A. 4, 33:

    capta eo proelio tria milia peditum dicuntur,

    Liv. 22, 49, 18:

    quos Byzantii ceperat,

    Nep. Paus. 2, 3; id. Alcib. 9, 2; id. Dat. 2, 5; Quint. 6, 3, 61:

    captos ostendere civibus hostes,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 33:

    captus Tarento Livius,

    Cic. Brut. 18, 72:

    servus ex hoste captus,

    Quint. 5, 10, 67.—Hence, P. a. as subst.: captus, i, m., = captivus, a prisoner, captive:

    in captos clementia uti,

    Nep. Alcib. 5, 7:

    inludere capto,

    Verg. A. 2, 64:

    quae sit fiducia capto,

    id. ib. 2, 75:

    ex captorum numero,

    Liv. 28, 39, 10; Tac. A. 6, 1; 12, 37; 15, 1.—Also, capta, ae, f., a female captive:

    dicam hanc esse captam ex Caria, Ditem ac nobilem,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 47.—
    (β).
    Of animals, birds, fish, etc., to catch, hunt down, take: quid hic venatu non cepit? Varr. ap. Non. p. 253, 31:

    si ab avibus capiundis auceps dicatur, debuisse ajunt ex piscibus capiundis, ut aucupem, sic piscicupem dici,

    id. L. L. 8, § 61 Mull.:

    hic jaculo pisces, illa capiuntur ab hamis,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 763:

    neque quicquam captum'st piscium,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 1, 12; cf.:

    nisi quid concharum capsimus,

    id. ib. v. 18; Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58; Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 27: acipenserem, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:

    cervum,

    Phaedr. 1, 5, 5; cf.:

    hic (Nereus) tibi prius vinclis capiendus,

    Verg. G. 4, 396.—
    b.
    To win, captivate, charm, allure, enchain, enslave, fascinate; mostly with abl. of means: Ph. Amore ardeo. Pa. Quid agas? nisi ut te redimas captum quam queas Minumo, Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 29:

    quod insit in iis aliquid probi, quod capiat ignaros,

    Cic. Off. 3, 3, 15: [p. 284] animum adulescentis... pellexit eis omnibus rebus, quibus illa aetas capi ac deleniri potest, id. Clu. 5, 13:

    quamvis voluptate capiatur,

    id. Off. 1, 30, 105; Quint. 5, 11, 19:

    quem quidem adeo sua cepit humanitate,

    Nep. Alcib. 9, 3:

    secum habuit Pomponium, captus adulescentis et humanitate et doctrina,

    id. Att. 4, 1:

    nec bene promeritis capitur (deus), nec tangitur ira,

    Lucr. 2, 651: ut pictura poesis;

    erit quae si propius stes Te capiat magis, et quaedam si longius abstes,

    Hor. A. P. 362:

    hunc capit argenti splendor,

    id. S. 1, 4, 28:

    te conjux aliena capit,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 46:

    Cynthia prima suis miserum me cepit ocellis,

    Prop. 1, 1, 1:

    carmine formosae, pretio capiuntur avarae,

    Tib. 3, 1, 7:

    munditiis capimur,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 133; id. M. 4, 170; 6, 465; 7, 802; 8, 124; 8, 435; 9, 511; 10, 529;

    14, 373: amore captivae victor captus,

    Liv. 30, 12, 18:

    dulcedine vocis,

    Ov. M. 1, 709; 11, 170:

    voce nova,

    id. ib. 1, 678:

    temperie aquarum,

    id. ib. 4, 344:

    (bos) herba captus viridi,

    Verg. E. 6, 59:

    amoenitate loci,

    Tac. A. 18, 52:

    auro,

    Hor. C. 2, 18, 36:

    neque honoris neque pecuniae dulcedine sum captus,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:

    splendore hominis,

    id. Fin. 1, 13, 42: ne oculis quidem captis in hanc fraudem decidisti;

    nam id concupisti quod numquam videras,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 102.—
    c.
    To cheat, seduce, deceive, mislead, betray, delude, catch:

    sapientis hanc vim esse maximam, cavere ne capiatur, ne fallatur videre,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66:

    injurium autem'st ulcisci advorsarios? Aut qua via te captent eadem ipsos capi?

    Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 16: uti ne propter te fidemque tuam captus fraudatusque sim, form. ap. Cic. Off. 3, 17, 70:

    eodem captus errore quo nos,

    involved in the same error, Cic. Phil. 12, 2, 6; id. ap. Non. p. 253, 25; cf.:

    ne quo errore milites caperentur,

    Liv. 8, 6, 16:

    capere ante dolis Reginam,

    Verg. A. 1, 673:

    captique dolis lacrimisque coactis (Sinonis),

    id. ib. 2, 196:

    ubi me eisdem dolis non quit capere,

    Sall. J. 14, 11:

    adulescentium animi molles et aetate fluxi dolis haud difficulter capiebantur,

    id. C. 14, 5:

    capi alicujus dolo,

    Nep. Dat. 10, 1:

    dolum ad capiendos eos conparant,

    Liv. 23, 35, 2:

    quas callida Colchis (i.e. Medea) amicitiae mendacis imagine cepit,

    Ov. M. 7, 301.—
    d.
    To defeat, convict, overcome in a suit or dispute (rare):

    tu si me impudicitiae captas, non potes capere,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 189:

    tu caves ne tui consultores, ille ne urbes aut castra capiantur (cf. B. 2. b. infra),

    Cic. Mur. 9, 22:

    callidus et in capiendo adversario versutus (orator),

    id. Brut. 48, 178.—
    e. (α).
    Of the physical powers, to lame, mutilate, maim, impair or weaken in the limbs, senses, etc. (only pass. capi, and esp. in part. perf. captus):

    mancus et membris omnibus captus ac debilis,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 21:

    ipse Hannibal... altero oculo capitur,

    loses an eye, Liv. 22, 2, 11:

    captus omnibus membris,

    id. 2, 36, 8:

    capti auribus et oculis metu omnes torpere,

    id. 21, 58, 5:

    oculis membrisque captus,

    Plin. 33, 4, 24, § 83:

    congerantur in unum omnia, ut idem oculis et auribus captus sit,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 117:

    si captus oculis sit, ut Tiresias fuit,

    id. Div. 2, 3, 9; Verg. G. 1, 183:

    habuit filium captum altero oculo,

    Suet. Vit. 6:

    censorem Appium deum ira post aliquot annos luminibus captum,

    Liv. 9, 29, 11; Val. Max. 1, 1, 17:

    lumine,

    Ov. F. 6, 204:

    princeps pedibus captus,

    Liv. 43, 7, 5; cf.:

    captum leto posuit caput,

    Verg. A. 11, 830;

    and of the mole: aut oculis capti fodere cubilia talpae,

    id. G. 1, 183.—
    (β).
    Of the mental powers, to deprive of sense or intellect; only in part. perf. captus, usu. agreeing with pers. subj., and with abl. mente, silly, insane, crazy, crazed, lunatic, mad:

    labi, decipi tam dedecet quam delirare et mente esse captum,

    Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    vino aut somno oppressi aut mente capti,

    id. Ac. 2, 17, 53; Quint. 8, 3, 4;

    rarely mentibu' capti,

    Lucr. 4, 1022; so,

    animo,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 107; very rarely with gen.:

    captus animi,

    Tac. H. 3, 73.— Absol.:

    virgines captae furore,

    Liv. 24, 26, 12.—Less freq. agreeing with mens or animus:

    viros velut mente capta cum jactatione fanatica corporis vaticinari,

    Liv. 39, 13, 12:

    captis magis mentibus, quam consceleratis similis visa,

    id. 8, 18, 11; cf.:

    capti et stupentes animi,

    id. 6, 36, 8.—
    f.
    To choose, select, elect, take, pick out, adopt, accept a person for a particular purpose or to sustain a particular office or relation:

    de istac sum judex captus,

    Plaut. Merc. 4, 3, 33:

    Aricini atque Ardeates de ambiguo agro... judicem populum Romanum cepere,

    Liv. 3, 71, 2:

    me cepere arbitrum,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 91:

    te mihi patronam capio, Thais,

    id. Eun. 5, 2, 48:

    quom illum generum cepimus,

    id. Hec. 4, 1, 22; cf.:

    non, si capiundos mihi sciam esse inimicos omnis homines,

    make them enemies thereby, id. And. 4, 2, 12:

    si quis magistrum cepit ad eam rem inprobum,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 21.—So the formula of the Pontifex Maximus, in the consecration of a vestal virgin: sacerdotem Vestalem, quae sacra faciat... ita te, Amata, capio, Fab. Pict. ap. Gell. 1, 12, 14; cf.:

    plerique autem capi virginem solam debere dici putant, sed flamines quoque Diales, item pontifices et augures capi dicebantur,

    Gell. 1, 12, 15:

    jam ne ea causa pontifex capiar?... ecquis me augurem capiat? Cat. ib. § 17: Amata inter capiendum a pontifice maximo appellatur, quoniam, quae prima capta est, hoc fuisse nomen traditum est, Gell. ib. § 19: rettulit Caesar capiendam virginem in locum Occiae,

    Tac. A. 2, 86; 4, 16; 15, 22:

    religio, quae in annos singulos Jovis sacerdotem sortito capi jubeat,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51, § 127:

    C. Flaccus flamen captus a P. Licinio pontifice maximo erat,

    Liv. 27, 8, 5 Weissenb. ad loc.—
    2.
    Of places.
    a.
    To occupy, choose, select, take possession of, enter into; mostly milit. t. t., to take up a position, select a place for a camp, etc.:

    loca capere, castra munire,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 23:

    castris locum capere,

    Liv. 9, 17, 15; Suet. Aug. 94 fin.:

    locum capere castris,

    Quint. 12, 2, 5:

    ut non fugiendi hostis, sed capiendi loci causa cessisse videar,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 294:

    ad Thebanos transfugere velle, et locum extra urbem editum capere,

    Nep. Ages. 6, 2:

    nocte media profectus, ut locum quem vellet, priusquam hostes sentirent, caperet,

    Liv. 34, 14, 1:

    neminem elegantius loca cepisse, praesidia disposuisse,

    id. 35, 14, 9:

    erat autem Philopoemen praecipuae in ducendo agmine locisque capiendis solertiae atque usus,

    id. 35, 28, 1:

    locum cepere paulo quam alii editiorem,

    Sall. J. 58, 3:

    duces, ut quisque locum ceperat, cedere singulos,

    Dict. Cret. 2, 46; so,

    of position on the battle-field: quod mons suberat, eo se recipere coeperunt. Capto monte, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 25:

    tenuit non solum ales captam semelsedem, sed, etc.,

    Liv. 7, 26, 5:

    quem quis in pugnando ceperat locum, eum amissa anima corpore tegebat,

    Flor. 4, 1; Sall. C. 61, 2; rarely with dat. of pers.:

    tumulum suis cepit,

    Liv. 31, 41, 9, for a tomb: LOCVM SIBI MONVMENTO CEPIT. Inscr. Grut. 346, 6;

    for taking the auspices' se (Gracchum) cum legeret libros, recordatum esse, vitio sibi tabernaculum captum fuisse,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11; cf.:

    Palatium Romulus, Remus Aventinum ad inaugurandum templa capiunt,

    Liv. 1, 6, 4;

    for refuge: omnes Samnitium copiae montes proximos fuga capiunt,

    id. 9, 43, 20:

    Anchises natum Conventus trahit in medios... Et tumulum capit,

    Verg. A. 6, 753; 12, 562:

    ante locum capies oculis ( = eliges),

    Verg. G. 2, 230 Serv. ad loc.: nunc terras ordine longo Aut capere aut captas jam despectare videntur (cycni), to select places on which to light, or to be just settling down on places already selected, id. A. 1, 396 Forbig. ad loc.—
    b.
    To take by force, capture, storm, reduce, conquer, seize:

    invadam extemplo in oppidum antiquom: Si id capso, etc.,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 61: oppidum vi, Cat. ap. Charis. 2, p. 191 P.:

    MACELLAM OPPVGNANDO,

    Col. Rostr. Inscr. Orell. 549:

    CORSICAM,

    Inscr. Orell. 551: oppida, Enn. ap. Prisc. 9, p. 868 P. (Ann. v. 487 Vahl.):

    ad alia oppida pergit, pauca repugnantibus Numidis capit,

    Sall. J. 92, 3; Prop. 3, 4 (4, 3), 16:

    Troja capta,

    Liv. 1, 1, 1; Hor. S. 2, 3, 191: Coriolos. Liv. 3, 71, 7:

    urbem opulentissimam,

    id. 5, 20, 1:

    ante oppidum Nolam fortissuma Samnitium castra cepit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72:

    castra hostium,

    Nep. Dat. 6, 7:

    concursu oppidanorum facto scalis vacua defensoribus moenia capi possent,

    Liv. 42, 63, 6:

    plurimas hostium vestrorum in Hispania urbes,

    id. 28, 39, 10:

    sedem belli,

    Vell. 2, 74, 3; cf. Cic. Mur. 9, 22 (B. 1. d. supra).— Trop.:

    oppressa captaque re publica,

    Cic. Dom. 10, 26: qui, bello averso ab hostibus, patriam suam cepissent, Liv. 3, 50, 15.—
    c.
    To reach, attain, arrive at, betake one ' s self to (mostly by ships, etc.):

    insulam capere non potuerant,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 26 fin.:

    onerariae duae eosdem quos reliqui portus capere non potuerunt,

    id. ib. 4, 36:

    accidit uti, ex iis (navibus) perpaucae locum caperent,

    id. ib. 5, 23:

    nostrae naves, cum ignorarent, quem locum reliquae cepissent,

    id. B. C. 3, 28: praemiis magnis propositis, qui primus insulam cepisset, Auct. B. Alex. 17.— Trop.:

    qui... tenere cursum possint et capere otii illum portum et dignitatis,

    Cic. Sest. 46, 99.—
    3.
    Of things of value, property, money, etc.
    a.
    In gen., to take, seize, wrest, receive, obtain, acquire, get, etc.:

    AVRVM, ARGENTVM,

    Col. Rostr. Inscr. Orell. 549:

    de praedonibus praedam capere,

    Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 14:

    agros de hostibus,

    Cic. Dom. 49, 128:

    ut ager ex hostibus captus viritim divideretur,

    Liv. 4, 48, 2:

    quinqueremem una cum defensoribus remigibusque, Auct. B. Alex. 16, 7: naves,

    Nep. Con. 4, 4:

    classem,

    id. Cim. 2, 2:

    magnas praedas,

    id. Dat. 10, 2:

    ex hostibus pecuniam,

    Liv. 5, 20, 5; cf.:

    e nostris spolia cepit laudibus, Cic. poet. Tusc. 2, 9, 22: signum ex Macedonia,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 149:

    signum pulcherrimum Carthagine captum,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 38, §

    82: sed eccam ipsa egreditur, nostri fundi calamitas: nam quod nos capere oportet, haec intercipit,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 35:

    cape cedo,

    id. Phorm. 5, 8, 57:

    ut reliqui fures, earum rerum quas ceperunt, signa commutant,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 74:

    majores nostri non solum id, quod de Campanis (agri) ceperant, non imminuerunt, etc.,

    id. Agr. 2, 29, 81:

    te duce ut insigni capiam cum laude coronam,

    Lucr. 6, 95.—With abstr. objects:

    paupertatem adeo facile perpessus est, ut de republica nihil praeter gloriam ceperit,

    Nep. Epam. 3, 4:

    ut ceteri, qui per eum aut honores aut divitias ceperant,

    id. Att. 7, 2:

    quoniam formam hujus cepi in me et statum,

    assumed, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 110:

    quare non committeret, ut is locus ex calamitate populi Romani nomen caperet,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 13:

    regnum Tiberinus ab illis Cepit,

    succeeded to, Ov. M. 14, 615.—
    b.
    In particular connections.
    (α).
    With pecuniam (freq. joined with concilio; v. infra), to take illegally, exact, extort, accept a bribe. take blackmail, etc., esp. of magistrates who were accused de pecuniis repetundis:

    his ego judicibus non probabo C. Verrem contra leges pecuniam cepisse?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10:

    HS. quadringentiens cepisse te arguo contra leges,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 10, § 26; cf.:

    quicquid ab horum quopiam captum est,

    id. ib. §

    27: tamen hae pecuniae per vim atque injuriam tuam captae et conciliatae tibi fraudi et damnationi esse deberent,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 40, §

    91: utrum (potestis), cum judices sitis de pecunia capta conciliata, tantam pecuniam captam neglegere?

    id. ib. 2, 3, 94, §

    218: quid est aliud capere conciliare pecunias. si hoc non est vi atque imperio cogere invitos lucrum dare alteri?

    id. ib. 2, 3, 30, §

    71: sequitur de captis pecuniis et de ambitu,

    id. Leg. 3, 20, 46:

    ita aperte cepit pecunias ob rem judicandam, ut, etc.,

    id. Fin. 2, 16, 54:

    quos censores furti et captarum pecuniarum nomine notaverunt,

    id. Clu. 42, 120:

    nondum commemoro rapinas, non exactas pecunias, non captas, non imperatas,

    id. Pis. 16, 38:

    si quis ob rem judicandam pecuniam cepisset... neque solum hoc genus pecuniae capiendae turpe, sed etiam nefarium esse arbitrabantur,

    id. Rab. Post. 7, 16; id. N. D. 3, 30, 70; Sall. J. 32, 1:

    ab regibus Illyriorum,

    Liv. 42, 45, 8:

    saevitiae captarumque pecuniarum teneri reum,

    Tac. A. 3, 67; 4, 31.—
    (β).
    Of inheritance and bequest, to take, inherit, obtain, acquire, get, accept:

    si ex hereditate nihil ceperit,

    Cic. Off, 3, 24, 93:

    qui morte testamentove ejus tantundem capiat quantum omnes heredes,

    id. Leg. 2, 19, 48:

    abdicatus ne quid de bonis patris capiat,

    Quint. 3, 6, 96:

    aut non justum testamentum est, aut capere non potes,

    id. 5, 14, 16:

    si capiendi Jus nullum uxori,

    Juv. 1, 55:

    qui testamentum faciebat, ei, qui usque ad certum modum capere potuerat, legavit, etc.,

    Dig. 22, 3, 27: quod ille plus capere non poterat, ib. fin.:

    qui ex bonis testatoris solidum capere non possit,

    ib. 28, 6, 6; 39, 6, 30.—
    (γ).
    Of regular income, revenue, etc., rents, tolls, profits, etc., to collect, receive, obtain: nam ex [p. 285] eis praediis talenta argenti bina Capiebat statim, Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 7:

    capit ille ex suis praediis sexcenta sestertia, ego centena ex meis,

    Cic. Par. 6, 3, 49:

    stipendium jure belli,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 28:

    quinquagena talenta vectigalis ex castro,

    Nep. Alcib. 9, 4:

    vectigal ex agro eorum capimus,

    Liv. 28, 39, 13:

    quadragena annua ex schola,

    Suet. Gram. 23:

    si recte habitaveris... fundus melior erit... fructus plus capies,

    Cato, R. R. 4, 2.—
    C.
    Trop.
    1.
    Of profit, benefit, advantage, to take, seize, obtain, get, enjoy, reap (mostly in phrase fructum capere):

    metuit semper, quem ipsa nunc capit Fructum, nequando iratus tu alio conferas,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 59:

    honeste acta superior aetas fructus capit auctoritatis extremos,

    Cic. Sen. 18, 62:

    ex iis etiam fructum capio laboris mei,

    id. Div. 2, 5:

    ex quibus (litteris) cepi fructum duplicem,

    id. Fam. 10, 5, 1:

    multo majorem fructum ex populi existimatione illo damnato cepimus, quam ex ipsius, si absolutus esset, gratia cepissemus,

    id. Att. 1, 4, 2:

    fructum immortalem vestri in me et amoris et judicii,

    id. Pis. 14, 31:

    aliquem fructum dulcedinis almae,

    Lucr. 2, 971; 5, 1410; Luc. 7, 32.—In other connections:

    quid ex ea re tandem ut caperes commodi?

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 25:

    utilitates ex amicitia maximas,

    Cic. Lael. 9, 32:

    usuram alicujus corporis,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 108.—
    2.
    Of external characteristics, form, figure, appearance, etc., to take, assume, acquire, put on:

    gestum atque voltum novom,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 50 ' faciem aliquam cepere morando, Ov. M. 1, 421; 13, 605:

    figuras Datque capitque novas,

    id. ib. 15, 309:

    formam capit quam lilia,

    id. ib. 10, 212; cf.:

    duritiam ab aere,

    id. ib. 4, 751.— Transf., of plants, etc.:

    radicem capere,

    to take root, Cato, R. R. 51:

    cum pali defixi radices cepissent,

    Plin. 17, 17, 27, § 123:

    siliculam capere,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 23, 3:

    maturitatem capere,

    Col. 4, 23, 1:

    radix libere capit viris,

    Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 161:

    vires cepisse nocendi,

    Ov. M. 7, 417:

    (telinum) rursus refrigeratum odorem suum capit,

    Plin. 13, 1, 2, § 13.—
    3.
    Of mental characteristics, habits, etc., to take, assume, adopt, cultivate, cherish, possess:

    cape sis virtutem animo et corde expelle desidiam tuo,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 24:

    qua re si Glabrionis patris vim et acrimoniam ceperis ad resistendum hominibus audacissimis, si avi prudentiam ad prospiciendas insidias, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 17, 52:

    aliquando, patres conscripti, patrium animum virtutemque capiamus,

    id. Phil. 3, 11, 29:

    consuetudinem exercitationemque,

    id. Off. 1, 18, 59:

    misericordiam,

    id. Quint. 31, 97:

    quam (adsuetudinem) tu dum capias, taedia nulla fuge,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 346:

    disciplinam principum,

    Plin. Pan. 46. —With dat.:

    quorum animis avidis... neque lex neque tutor capere est qui possit modum,

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 14 Wagn. ad loc.—
    4.
    Of offices, employments, duties, etc., = suscipio, to undertake, assume, enter upon, accept, take upon one ' s self, etc.:

    nam olim populi prius honorem capiebat suffragio, Quam magistro desinebat esse dicto oboediens,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 34:

    o Geta, provinciam Cepisti duram,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 23:

    in te cepi Capuam, non quo munus illud defugerem,

    took command at Capua, Cic. Att. 8. 3, 4:

    consulatum,

    id. Pis. 2, 3; Sall. J. 63, 2:

    honores,

    Nep. Att. 7, 2; Suet. Aug. 26:

    imperium,

    id. Claud. 10:

    magistratum,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 21, 62; Liv. 2, 33, 1; Suet. Aug. 2:

    magistratus,

    Sall. H. 1, 41, 21 Dietsch; Nep. Phoc. 1, 1; Suet. Caes. 75:

    capiatque aliquis moderamina (navis),

    Ov. M. 3, 644:

    rerum moderamen,

    id. ib. 6, 677:

    pontificatum maximum,

    Suet. Vit. 11:

    rem publicam,

    Sall. C. 5, 6:

    neve cui patrum capere eum magistratum liceret,

    Liv. 2, 33, 1:

    ut ceperat haud tumultuose magistratum majore gaudio plebis, etc.,

    id. 5, 13, 2.—Rarely with dat. of pers., to obtain for, secure for:

    patres praeturam Sp. Furio Camillo gratia campestri ceperunt,

    Liv. 7, 1, 2.—
    5.
    In gen., of any occupation, work, or undertaking, to begin, enter upon, take, undertake, etc.:

    augurium ex arce,

    Liv. 10, 7, 10:

    augurium capienti duodecim se vultures ostenderunt,

    Suet. Aug. 95; id. Vesp. 11:

    omen,

    Cic. Div. 1, 46, 104:

    in castris Romanis cum frustra multi conatus ad erumpendum capti essent,

    Liv. 9, 4, 1:

    rursus impetu capto enituntur,

    id. 2, 65, 5; Quint. 6, 1, 28; Suet. Aug. 42; id. Calig. 43: cursum, id. Oth. 6:

    a quibus temporibus scribendi capiatur exordium,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 3, 8:

    experimentum eorum inversa manu capitur,

    Plin. 13, 2, 3, § 19 ( poet.):

    nec vestra capit discordia finem,

    Verg. A. 10, 106:

    fugam,

    to take to flight, flee, Caes. B. G. 7, 26; so, capere impetum, to take a start, gather momentum:

    ad impetum capiundum modicum erat spatium,

    Liv. 10, 5, 6; cf.:

    expeditionis Germanicae impetum cepit,

    suddenly resolved to make, Suet. Calig. 43: capere initium, to begin:

    ea pars artis, ex qua capere initium solent,

    Quint. 2, 11, 1.— Transf., of place:

    eorum (finium) una pars, quam Gallos optinere dictum est, initium capit a flumine Rhodano,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 1:

    a dis inmortalibus sunt nobis agendi capienda primordia,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 7.—
    6.
    Of an opportunity or occasion, to seize, embrace, take:

    si occassionem capsit,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 6:

    si lubitum fuerit, causam ceperit,

    Ter. And. 1, 3, 8:

    quod tempus conveniundi patris me capere suadeat,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 4, 9:

    si satis commode tempus ad te cepit adeundi,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 1.—
    7.
    Of operations of the mind, resolutions, purposes, plans, thoughts, etc., to form, conceive, entertain, come to, reach:

    quantum ex ipsa re conjecturam cepimus,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 25 MSS. (Fleck. al. ex conj. fecimus); Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 32:

    cum jam ex diei tempore conjecturam ceperat,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 35:

    hujusce rei conjecturam de tuo ipsius studio, Servi, facillime ceperis,

    Cic. Mur. 4, 9.— Absol.:

    conjecturam capere,

    Cic. Div. 1, 57, 130:

    nec quid corde nunc consili capere possim, Scio,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 12:

    capti consili memorem mones,

    id. Stich 4, 1, 72:

    quo pacto porro possim Potiri consilium volo capere una tecum,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 66; 5, 2, 28:

    temerarium consilium,

    Liv. 25, 34, 7:

    tale capit consilium,

    Nep. Eum. 9, 3.— With inf.:

    confitendum... eadem te hora consilium cepisse hominis propinqui fortunas funditus evertere,

    Cic. Quint. 16, 53; Caes. B. G. 7, 71 init. —With ut:

    subito consilium cepi, ut exirem,

    Cic. Att. 7, 10 init. —With gen. gerund. (freq.):

    legionis opprimendae consilium capere,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 2:

    obprimundae reipublicae consilium cepit,

    Sall. C. 16, 4.—With sibi:

    si id non fecisset, sibi consilium facturos,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 20:

    ut ego rationem oculis capio,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 2:

    cepi rationem ut, etc.,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 11.—
    8.
    Of examples, instances, proofs, etc., to take, derive, draw, obtain:

    ex quo documentum nos capere fortuna voluit quid esset victis extimescendum,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5:

    quid istuc tam mirum'st, de te si exemplum capit? Ter And. 4, 1, 26: exemplum ex aliqua re,

    Cic. Lael. 10, 33:

    praesagia a sole,

    Plin. 18, 35, 78, § 341:

    illud num dubitas quin specimen naturae capi debeat ex optima quaque natura?

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 32.—
    9.
    Of impressions, feelings, etc., to take, entertain, conceive, receive, be subjected to, suffer, experience, etc.:

    tantum laborem capere ob talem filium?

    Ter. And. 5, 2, 29:

    omnes mihi labores fuere quos cepi leves,

    id. Heaut. 2, 4, 19:

    laborem inanem ipsus capit,

    id. Hec. 3, 2, 9:

    ex eo nunc misera quem capit Laborem!

    id. And. 4, 3, 4: miseriam omnem ego capio;

    hic potitur gaudia,

    id. Ad. 5, 4, 22:

    satietatem dum capiet pater Illius quam amat,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 10:

    plus aegri ex abitu viri quam ex adventu voluptatis cepi,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 9:

    cum illa quacum volt voluptatem capit,

    id. ib. prol. 114:

    angor iste, qui pro amico saepe capiendus est,

    Cic. Lael. 13, 48:

    quae (benevolentia) quidem capitur beneficiis maxime,

    id. Off. 2, 9, 32:

    laetitiam quam capiebam memoria rationum inventorumque nostrorum,

    id. Fin. 2, 30, 96:

    lenire desiderium quod capiebat e filio,

    id. Sen. 15, 54:

    opinione omnium majorem animo cepi dolorem,

    id. Brut. 1, 1:

    itaque cepi voluptatem, tam ornatum virum fuisse in re publica,

    id. ib. 40, 147:

    ex civibus victis gaudium meritum capiam,

    Liv. 27, 40, 9:

    ne quam... invidiam apud patres ex prodiga largitione caperet,

    id. 5, 20, 2:

    ad summam laetitiam meam, quam ex tuo reditu capio, magnus illius adventu cumulus accedet,

    id. Att. 4, 19, 2 (4, 18, 3):

    laetitia, quam oculis cepi justo interitu tyranni,

    id. ib. 14, 14, 4:

    ex praealto tecto lapsus matris et adfinium cepit oblivionem,

    lost his memory, Plin. 7, 24, 24, § 90: virtutis opinionem, Auct. B. G. 8, 8: somnum, Cic. Tusc. 4, 19, 44: taedium vitae, Nep. ap. Gell. 6 (7), 18, 11:

    maria aspera juro Non ullum pro me tantum (me) cepisse timorem, Quam, etc.,

    Verg. A. 6, 352 Forbig. ad loc.:

    et in futurum etiam metum ceperunt,

    Liv. 33, 27, 10:

    voluptatem animi,

    Cic. Planc. 1, 1:

    malis alienis voluptatem capere laetitiae (cum sit),

    id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66:

    quaeque mihi sola capitur nunc mente voluptas,

    Ov. P. 4, 9, 37.—
    10.
    Transf., with the feelings, experience, etc., as subj., to seize, overcome, possess, occupy, affect, take possession of, move, etc. (cf. lambanô, in this sense and like 9. supra): nutrix: Cupido cepit miseram nunc me, proloqui Caelo atque terrae Medeai miserias, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63 (Trag. Rel. v. 291 Vahl.):

    edepol te desiderium Athenarum arbitror cepisse saepe,

    Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 14:

    numquam commerui merito ut caperet odium illam mei,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 4:

    sicubi eum satietas Hominum aut negoti odium ceperat,

    id. Eun. 3, 1, 14:

    nos post reges exactos servitutis oblivio ceperat,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 9:

    te cepisse odium regni videbatur,

    id. ib. 2, 36, 91:

    Romulum Remumque cupido cepit urbis condendae,

    Liv. 1, 6, 3:

    cupido eum ceperat in verticem montis ascendendi,

    id. 40, 21, 2:

    etiam victores sanguinis caedisque ceperat satietas,

    id. 27, 49, 8; Mel. 3, 5, 2:

    qui pavor hic, qui terror, quae repente oblivio animos cepit?

    Liv. 27, 13, 2:

    oblivio deorum capiat pectora vestra,

    id. 38, 46, 12:

    tantane te cepere oblivia nostri?

    Ov. Tr. 1, 8, 11:

    ut animum ejus cura sacrorum cepit,

    Liv. 27, 8, 6:

    hostis primum admiratio cepit, quidnam, etc.,

    id. 44, 12, 1:

    tanta meae si te ceperunt taedia laudis,

    Verg. G. 4, 332; cf. Anthol. Lat. I. p. 178;

    I. p. 196 Burm.: ignarosque loci passim et formidine captos Sternimus,

    Verg. A. 2, 384:

    infelix, quae tanta animum dementia cepit!

    id. ib. 5, 465; id. E. 6, 47:

    cum subita incautum dementia cepit amantem,

    id. G. 4, 488; cf. Anthol. Lat. I. p. 170, 15;

    I. p. 168, 14 Burm.: Tarquinium mala libido Lucretiae stuprandae cepit,

    Liv. 1, 57, 10:

    ingens quidem et luctus et pavor civitatem cepit,

    id. 25, 22, 1:

    tantus repente maeror pavorque senatum eorum cepit,

    id. 23, 20, 7:

    senatum metus cepit,

    id. 23, 14, 8: si me... misericordia capsit. Att. ap. Non. p. 483, 11 (Trag. Rel. v. 454 Rib.): nec tuendi capere satietas potest, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24 (Trag. Rel. v. 410 ib.):

    quantus timor socios populi Romani cepisset,

    Liv. 43, 11, 9.—
    11.
    Of injury, damage, loss, etc., to suffer, take, be subjected to:

    calamitatem,

    Cic. Div. 1, 16, 29:

    detrimenti aliquid in aliqua re,

    Col. 1, 8, 2.—Esp., in the legal formula, by which dictatorial powers were conferred by the senate upon the consuls or the entire magistracy in times of extreme danger to the state;

    videant ne quid res publica detrimenti capiat: decrevit quondam senatus, ut L. Opimius consul videret ne quid res publica detrimenti caperet,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 4:

    Hernici tantum terrorem incussere patribus, ut, quae forma senatus consulti ultimae semper necessitatis habita est, Postumio, alteri consulum, negotium daretur, videret, ne, etc.,

    Liv. 3, 4, 9; cf. id. 6, 19, 2 sqq.:

    quod plerumque in atroci negotio solet, senatus decrevit, darent operam consules, ne quid, etc.... Ea potestas per senatum more Romano magistratui maxuma permittitur, exercitum parare, bellum gerere, coercere omnibus modis socios atque civis, domi militiaeque inperium atque judicium summum habere,

    Sall. C. 29, 2 sq.
    II.
    To take in, receive, hold, contain, be large enough for.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.: Ph. Sitit haec anus. Pa. Quantillum sitit? Ph. Modica'st, capit quadrantal, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 8:

    parte quod ex una spatium vacat et capit in se (ferrum),

    Lucr. 6, 1030:

    jam mare litus habet, plenos capit alveus amnes,

    Ov. M. 1, 344; cf.:

    terra feras cepit, volucres agitabilis aer,

    id. ib. 1, 75:

    dum tenues capiat suus alveus undas,

    id. ib. 8, 558:

    cunctosque (deos) dedisse Terga fugae, donec fessos Aegyptia tellus Ceperit,

    id. ib. 5, 324.—
    2.
    Esp., with negatives, not to hold, to be too small for, etc.; cf.:

    di boni, quid turba est! Aedes nostrae vix capient, scio,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 13:

    qui cum una domo jam capi non possunt, in alias domos exeunt,

    Cic. Off. 1, 17, 54: nec jam se capit [p. 286] unda;

    volat vapor ater ad auras,

    Verg. A. 7, 466:

    non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 46:

    non capit se mare,

    Sen. Agam. 487:

    neque enim capiebant funera portae,

    Ov. M. 7, 607:

    officium populi vix capiente domo,

    id. P. 4, 4, 42:

    si di habitum corporis tui aviditati animi parem esse voluissent, orbis te non caperet,

    Curt. 7, 8, 12:

    ut non immerito proditum sit... Graeciam omnem vix capere exercitum ejus (Xerxis) potuisse,

    Just. 2, 10, 19.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To swallow up, ingulf, take in (rare):

    tot domus locupletissimas istius domus una capiet?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 7.—
    2. a.
    Affirmatively (rare):

    quidquid mortalitas capere poterat, implevimus,

    Curt. 9, 3, 7:

    si puer omni cura et summo, quantum illa aetas capit, labore, scripserit,

    Quint. 2, 4, 17:

    dummodo ejus aetatis sit, ut dolum capiat,

    Dig. 40, 12, 15.—
    b.
    With negatives:

    non capiunt angustiae pectoris tui (tantam personam),

    Cic. Pis. 11, 24:

    leones, qui... nec capere irarum fluctus in pectore possunt,

    Lucr. 3, 298:

    nec capiunt inclusas pectora flammas,

    Ov. M. 6, 466:

    vix spes ipse suas animo capit,

    id. ib. 11, 118:

    ardet et iram Non capit ipsa suam Progne,

    id. ib. 6, 610; cf.:

    sic quoque concupiscis quae non capis,

    Curt. 7, 8, 13:

    majora quam capit spirat,

    id. 6, 9, 11:

    ad ultimum magnitudinem ejus (fortunae) non capit,

    id. 3, 12, 20:

    infirma aetas majora non capiet,

    Quint. 1, 11, 13.—
    3.
    Transf., of things, to admit of, be capable of, undergo (post-Aug. and rare):

    rimam fissuramque non capit sponte cedrus,

    Plin. 16, 40, 78, § 212:

    molluscum... si magnitudinem mensarum caperet,

    id. 16, 16, 27, § 68:

    res non capit restitutionem, cum statum mutat,

    Dig. 4, 4, 19.—
    4.
    With inf., to be susceptible of, to be of a nature to, etc., = endechetai (late Lat.):

    nec capit humanis angoribus excruciari (Deus),

    Prud. Apoth. 154:

    crimina, quae non capiunt indulgeri,

    Tert. Pud. 1 fin.; id. Apol. 17; id. adv. Haer. 44 fin.; Paul. Nol. Carm. 9, 22.—
    5.
    Of the mind, to take, receive into the mind, comprehend, grasp, embrace (cf. intellego, to penetrate mentally, have insight into):

    sitque nonnumquam summittenda et contrahenda oratio, ne judex eam vel intellegere vel capere non possit,

    Quint. 11, 1, 45:

    nullam esse gratiam tantam, quam non vel capere animus meus in accipiendo... posset,

    id. 2, 6, 2:

    quae quidem ego nisi tam magna esse fatear, ut ea vix cujusquam mens aut cogitatio capere possit,

    Cic. Marcell. 2, 6; id. N. D. 1, 19, 49:

    senatus ille, quem qui ex regibus constare dixit, unus veram speciem Romani senatus cepit,

    Liv. 9, 17, 14:

    somnium laetius, quam quod mentes eorum capere possent,

    id. 9, 9, 14.—P. a. as subst.: Capta, ae, f., a surname of Minerva, as worshipped on the Coelian Mount, but for what reason is not known, Ov. F. 3, 837 sq.
    2.
    căpĭo, ōnis, f. [1. capio]; in the Lat. of the jurists,
    I.
    A taking:

    dominii,

    Dig. 39, 2, 18; Gell. 6 (7), 10, 3.—
    II.
    = usu capio or usucapio, the right of property acquired by prescription, Dig. 41, 1, 48, § 1; 41, 3, 21; 41, 5, 4; v. 1. usucapio.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > capio

  • 66 Capta

    1.
    căpĭo, cepi, captum (old fut. perf. capso, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 61: capsit, Enn. ap. Non. p. 66, 27, or Ann. v. 324 Vahl.; Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 6; Att. ap. Non. p. 483, 12, or Trag. Rel. v. 454 Rib.; Paul. ex. Fest. p. 57 Mull.:

    capsimus,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 1, 15: capsis, acc. to Cic. Or. 45, 154, = cape si vis, but this is an error; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 66; old perf. cepet, Col. Rostr. 5; v. Wordsworth, Fragm. and Spec. p. 170), 3, v. a. [cf. kôpê, handle; Lat. capulum; Engl. haft; Germ. Heft; Sanscr. root hri-, take; cf. Gr. cheir, Engl. and Germ. hand, and Goth. hinthan, seize].
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., to take in hand, take hold of, lay hold of, take, seize, grasp (cf.:

    sumo, prehendo): si hodie hercule fustem cepero aut stimulum in manum,

    Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 9:

    cape hoc flabellum,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 47:

    cepit manibus tympanum,

    Cat. 6, 3, 8:

    tu, genitor, cape sacra manu patriosque Penatis,

    Verg. A. 2, 717:

    cape saxa manu, cape robora, pastor,

    id. G. 3, 420:

    flammeum,

    Cat. 61, 8:

    acria pocula,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 69:

    lora,

    Prop. 3 (4), 9, 57:

    baculum,

    Ov. M. 2, 789:

    colum cum calathis,

    id. ib. 12, 475:

    florem ternis digitis,

    Plin. 24, 10, 48, § 81:

    pignera,

    Liv. 3, 38, 12; Dig. 48, 13, 9, § 6; Gai Inst. 4, 29:

    ut is in cavea pignus capiatur togae,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 68: rem manu, Gai Inst. 1, 121:

    rem pignori,

    Dig. 42, 1, 15, § 7; cf. ib. 42, 1, 15, § 4:

    scutum laeva,

    Plin. 33, 1, 4, § 13:

    capias tu illius vestem,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 79: cape vorsoriam, seize the sheet, i. e. take a tack, turn about, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 19.—Very freq. of arms (cf. sumo); so in gen.: arma, to take up arms, i. e. engage in war or battle, Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 20 sq.; 9, 27; 11, 31; id. Planc. 36, 88; id. Phil. 4, 3, 7; Caes. B.G. 5, 26; 7, 4; Sall. C. 27, 4; 30, 1; 33, 2; 52, 27; id. J. 38, 5; 102, 12; Ov. M. 3, 115 sq.; 12, 91; 13, 221;

    and of particular weapons: ensem,

    Ov. M. 13, 435:

    tela,

    id. ib. 3, 307; 5, 366 et saep.—Of food, to take, partake of:

    quicum una cibum Capere soleo,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 61; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 77; Sall. J. 91, 2:

    lauti cibum capiunt,

    Tac. G. 22.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Of living objects.
    a. (α).
    Of persons:

    oppidum expugnavimus, et legiones Teleboarum vi pugnando cepimus,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 258: summus ibi capitur meddix, occiditur alter, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Mull. (Ann. v. 296 Vahl.):

    quoniam belli nefarios duces captos jam et comprehensos tenetis,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 7, 16:

    ibi Orgetorigis filia atque unus e filiis captus est,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 26:

    reges capiuntur,

    Lucr. 4, 1013; Tac. A. 4, 33:

    capta eo proelio tria milia peditum dicuntur,

    Liv. 22, 49, 18:

    quos Byzantii ceperat,

    Nep. Paus. 2, 3; id. Alcib. 9, 2; id. Dat. 2, 5; Quint. 6, 3, 61:

    captos ostendere civibus hostes,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 33:

    captus Tarento Livius,

    Cic. Brut. 18, 72:

    servus ex hoste captus,

    Quint. 5, 10, 67.—Hence, P. a. as subst.: captus, i, m., = captivus, a prisoner, captive:

    in captos clementia uti,

    Nep. Alcib. 5, 7:

    inludere capto,

    Verg. A. 2, 64:

    quae sit fiducia capto,

    id. ib. 2, 75:

    ex captorum numero,

    Liv. 28, 39, 10; Tac. A. 6, 1; 12, 37; 15, 1.—Also, capta, ae, f., a female captive:

    dicam hanc esse captam ex Caria, Ditem ac nobilem,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 47.—
    (β).
    Of animals, birds, fish, etc., to catch, hunt down, take: quid hic venatu non cepit? Varr. ap. Non. p. 253, 31:

    si ab avibus capiundis auceps dicatur, debuisse ajunt ex piscibus capiundis, ut aucupem, sic piscicupem dici,

    id. L. L. 8, § 61 Mull.:

    hic jaculo pisces, illa capiuntur ab hamis,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 763:

    neque quicquam captum'st piscium,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 1, 12; cf.:

    nisi quid concharum capsimus,

    id. ib. v. 18; Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58; Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 27: acipenserem, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:

    cervum,

    Phaedr. 1, 5, 5; cf.:

    hic (Nereus) tibi prius vinclis capiendus,

    Verg. G. 4, 396.—
    b.
    To win, captivate, charm, allure, enchain, enslave, fascinate; mostly with abl. of means: Ph. Amore ardeo. Pa. Quid agas? nisi ut te redimas captum quam queas Minumo, Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 29:

    quod insit in iis aliquid probi, quod capiat ignaros,

    Cic. Off. 3, 3, 15: [p. 284] animum adulescentis... pellexit eis omnibus rebus, quibus illa aetas capi ac deleniri potest, id. Clu. 5, 13:

    quamvis voluptate capiatur,

    id. Off. 1, 30, 105; Quint. 5, 11, 19:

    quem quidem adeo sua cepit humanitate,

    Nep. Alcib. 9, 3:

    secum habuit Pomponium, captus adulescentis et humanitate et doctrina,

    id. Att. 4, 1:

    nec bene promeritis capitur (deus), nec tangitur ira,

    Lucr. 2, 651: ut pictura poesis;

    erit quae si propius stes Te capiat magis, et quaedam si longius abstes,

    Hor. A. P. 362:

    hunc capit argenti splendor,

    id. S. 1, 4, 28:

    te conjux aliena capit,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 46:

    Cynthia prima suis miserum me cepit ocellis,

    Prop. 1, 1, 1:

    carmine formosae, pretio capiuntur avarae,

    Tib. 3, 1, 7:

    munditiis capimur,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 133; id. M. 4, 170; 6, 465; 7, 802; 8, 124; 8, 435; 9, 511; 10, 529;

    14, 373: amore captivae victor captus,

    Liv. 30, 12, 18:

    dulcedine vocis,

    Ov. M. 1, 709; 11, 170:

    voce nova,

    id. ib. 1, 678:

    temperie aquarum,

    id. ib. 4, 344:

    (bos) herba captus viridi,

    Verg. E. 6, 59:

    amoenitate loci,

    Tac. A. 18, 52:

    auro,

    Hor. C. 2, 18, 36:

    neque honoris neque pecuniae dulcedine sum captus,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:

    splendore hominis,

    id. Fin. 1, 13, 42: ne oculis quidem captis in hanc fraudem decidisti;

    nam id concupisti quod numquam videras,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 102.—
    c.
    To cheat, seduce, deceive, mislead, betray, delude, catch:

    sapientis hanc vim esse maximam, cavere ne capiatur, ne fallatur videre,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66:

    injurium autem'st ulcisci advorsarios? Aut qua via te captent eadem ipsos capi?

    Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 16: uti ne propter te fidemque tuam captus fraudatusque sim, form. ap. Cic. Off. 3, 17, 70:

    eodem captus errore quo nos,

    involved in the same error, Cic. Phil. 12, 2, 6; id. ap. Non. p. 253, 25; cf.:

    ne quo errore milites caperentur,

    Liv. 8, 6, 16:

    capere ante dolis Reginam,

    Verg. A. 1, 673:

    captique dolis lacrimisque coactis (Sinonis),

    id. ib. 2, 196:

    ubi me eisdem dolis non quit capere,

    Sall. J. 14, 11:

    adulescentium animi molles et aetate fluxi dolis haud difficulter capiebantur,

    id. C. 14, 5:

    capi alicujus dolo,

    Nep. Dat. 10, 1:

    dolum ad capiendos eos conparant,

    Liv. 23, 35, 2:

    quas callida Colchis (i.e. Medea) amicitiae mendacis imagine cepit,

    Ov. M. 7, 301.—
    d.
    To defeat, convict, overcome in a suit or dispute (rare):

    tu si me impudicitiae captas, non potes capere,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 189:

    tu caves ne tui consultores, ille ne urbes aut castra capiantur (cf. B. 2. b. infra),

    Cic. Mur. 9, 22:

    callidus et in capiendo adversario versutus (orator),

    id. Brut. 48, 178.—
    e. (α).
    Of the physical powers, to lame, mutilate, maim, impair or weaken in the limbs, senses, etc. (only pass. capi, and esp. in part. perf. captus):

    mancus et membris omnibus captus ac debilis,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 21:

    ipse Hannibal... altero oculo capitur,

    loses an eye, Liv. 22, 2, 11:

    captus omnibus membris,

    id. 2, 36, 8:

    capti auribus et oculis metu omnes torpere,

    id. 21, 58, 5:

    oculis membrisque captus,

    Plin. 33, 4, 24, § 83:

    congerantur in unum omnia, ut idem oculis et auribus captus sit,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 117:

    si captus oculis sit, ut Tiresias fuit,

    id. Div. 2, 3, 9; Verg. G. 1, 183:

    habuit filium captum altero oculo,

    Suet. Vit. 6:

    censorem Appium deum ira post aliquot annos luminibus captum,

    Liv. 9, 29, 11; Val. Max. 1, 1, 17:

    lumine,

    Ov. F. 6, 204:

    princeps pedibus captus,

    Liv. 43, 7, 5; cf.:

    captum leto posuit caput,

    Verg. A. 11, 830;

    and of the mole: aut oculis capti fodere cubilia talpae,

    id. G. 1, 183.—
    (β).
    Of the mental powers, to deprive of sense or intellect; only in part. perf. captus, usu. agreeing with pers. subj., and with abl. mente, silly, insane, crazy, crazed, lunatic, mad:

    labi, decipi tam dedecet quam delirare et mente esse captum,

    Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    vino aut somno oppressi aut mente capti,

    id. Ac. 2, 17, 53; Quint. 8, 3, 4;

    rarely mentibu' capti,

    Lucr. 4, 1022; so,

    animo,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 107; very rarely with gen.:

    captus animi,

    Tac. H. 3, 73.— Absol.:

    virgines captae furore,

    Liv. 24, 26, 12.—Less freq. agreeing with mens or animus:

    viros velut mente capta cum jactatione fanatica corporis vaticinari,

    Liv. 39, 13, 12:

    captis magis mentibus, quam consceleratis similis visa,

    id. 8, 18, 11; cf.:

    capti et stupentes animi,

    id. 6, 36, 8.—
    f.
    To choose, select, elect, take, pick out, adopt, accept a person for a particular purpose or to sustain a particular office or relation:

    de istac sum judex captus,

    Plaut. Merc. 4, 3, 33:

    Aricini atque Ardeates de ambiguo agro... judicem populum Romanum cepere,

    Liv. 3, 71, 2:

    me cepere arbitrum,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 91:

    te mihi patronam capio, Thais,

    id. Eun. 5, 2, 48:

    quom illum generum cepimus,

    id. Hec. 4, 1, 22; cf.:

    non, si capiundos mihi sciam esse inimicos omnis homines,

    make them enemies thereby, id. And. 4, 2, 12:

    si quis magistrum cepit ad eam rem inprobum,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 21.—So the formula of the Pontifex Maximus, in the consecration of a vestal virgin: sacerdotem Vestalem, quae sacra faciat... ita te, Amata, capio, Fab. Pict. ap. Gell. 1, 12, 14; cf.:

    plerique autem capi virginem solam debere dici putant, sed flamines quoque Diales, item pontifices et augures capi dicebantur,

    Gell. 1, 12, 15:

    jam ne ea causa pontifex capiar?... ecquis me augurem capiat? Cat. ib. § 17: Amata inter capiendum a pontifice maximo appellatur, quoniam, quae prima capta est, hoc fuisse nomen traditum est, Gell. ib. § 19: rettulit Caesar capiendam virginem in locum Occiae,

    Tac. A. 2, 86; 4, 16; 15, 22:

    religio, quae in annos singulos Jovis sacerdotem sortito capi jubeat,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51, § 127:

    C. Flaccus flamen captus a P. Licinio pontifice maximo erat,

    Liv. 27, 8, 5 Weissenb. ad loc.—
    2.
    Of places.
    a.
    To occupy, choose, select, take possession of, enter into; mostly milit. t. t., to take up a position, select a place for a camp, etc.:

    loca capere, castra munire,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 23:

    castris locum capere,

    Liv. 9, 17, 15; Suet. Aug. 94 fin.:

    locum capere castris,

    Quint. 12, 2, 5:

    ut non fugiendi hostis, sed capiendi loci causa cessisse videar,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 294:

    ad Thebanos transfugere velle, et locum extra urbem editum capere,

    Nep. Ages. 6, 2:

    nocte media profectus, ut locum quem vellet, priusquam hostes sentirent, caperet,

    Liv. 34, 14, 1:

    neminem elegantius loca cepisse, praesidia disposuisse,

    id. 35, 14, 9:

    erat autem Philopoemen praecipuae in ducendo agmine locisque capiendis solertiae atque usus,

    id. 35, 28, 1:

    locum cepere paulo quam alii editiorem,

    Sall. J. 58, 3:

    duces, ut quisque locum ceperat, cedere singulos,

    Dict. Cret. 2, 46; so,

    of position on the battle-field: quod mons suberat, eo se recipere coeperunt. Capto monte, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 25:

    tenuit non solum ales captam semelsedem, sed, etc.,

    Liv. 7, 26, 5:

    quem quis in pugnando ceperat locum, eum amissa anima corpore tegebat,

    Flor. 4, 1; Sall. C. 61, 2; rarely with dat. of pers.:

    tumulum suis cepit,

    Liv. 31, 41, 9, for a tomb: LOCVM SIBI MONVMENTO CEPIT. Inscr. Grut. 346, 6;

    for taking the auspices' se (Gracchum) cum legeret libros, recordatum esse, vitio sibi tabernaculum captum fuisse,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11; cf.:

    Palatium Romulus, Remus Aventinum ad inaugurandum templa capiunt,

    Liv. 1, 6, 4;

    for refuge: omnes Samnitium copiae montes proximos fuga capiunt,

    id. 9, 43, 20:

    Anchises natum Conventus trahit in medios... Et tumulum capit,

    Verg. A. 6, 753; 12, 562:

    ante locum capies oculis ( = eliges),

    Verg. G. 2, 230 Serv. ad loc.: nunc terras ordine longo Aut capere aut captas jam despectare videntur (cycni), to select places on which to light, or to be just settling down on places already selected, id. A. 1, 396 Forbig. ad loc.—
    b.
    To take by force, capture, storm, reduce, conquer, seize:

    invadam extemplo in oppidum antiquom: Si id capso, etc.,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 61: oppidum vi, Cat. ap. Charis. 2, p. 191 P.:

    MACELLAM OPPVGNANDO,

    Col. Rostr. Inscr. Orell. 549:

    CORSICAM,

    Inscr. Orell. 551: oppida, Enn. ap. Prisc. 9, p. 868 P. (Ann. v. 487 Vahl.):

    ad alia oppida pergit, pauca repugnantibus Numidis capit,

    Sall. J. 92, 3; Prop. 3, 4 (4, 3), 16:

    Troja capta,

    Liv. 1, 1, 1; Hor. S. 2, 3, 191: Coriolos. Liv. 3, 71, 7:

    urbem opulentissimam,

    id. 5, 20, 1:

    ante oppidum Nolam fortissuma Samnitium castra cepit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72:

    castra hostium,

    Nep. Dat. 6, 7:

    concursu oppidanorum facto scalis vacua defensoribus moenia capi possent,

    Liv. 42, 63, 6:

    plurimas hostium vestrorum in Hispania urbes,

    id. 28, 39, 10:

    sedem belli,

    Vell. 2, 74, 3; cf. Cic. Mur. 9, 22 (B. 1. d. supra).— Trop.:

    oppressa captaque re publica,

    Cic. Dom. 10, 26: qui, bello averso ab hostibus, patriam suam cepissent, Liv. 3, 50, 15.—
    c.
    To reach, attain, arrive at, betake one ' s self to (mostly by ships, etc.):

    insulam capere non potuerant,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 26 fin.:

    onerariae duae eosdem quos reliqui portus capere non potuerunt,

    id. ib. 4, 36:

    accidit uti, ex iis (navibus) perpaucae locum caperent,

    id. ib. 5, 23:

    nostrae naves, cum ignorarent, quem locum reliquae cepissent,

    id. B. C. 3, 28: praemiis magnis propositis, qui primus insulam cepisset, Auct. B. Alex. 17.— Trop.:

    qui... tenere cursum possint et capere otii illum portum et dignitatis,

    Cic. Sest. 46, 99.—
    3.
    Of things of value, property, money, etc.
    a.
    In gen., to take, seize, wrest, receive, obtain, acquire, get, etc.:

    AVRVM, ARGENTVM,

    Col. Rostr. Inscr. Orell. 549:

    de praedonibus praedam capere,

    Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 14:

    agros de hostibus,

    Cic. Dom. 49, 128:

    ut ager ex hostibus captus viritim divideretur,

    Liv. 4, 48, 2:

    quinqueremem una cum defensoribus remigibusque, Auct. B. Alex. 16, 7: naves,

    Nep. Con. 4, 4:

    classem,

    id. Cim. 2, 2:

    magnas praedas,

    id. Dat. 10, 2:

    ex hostibus pecuniam,

    Liv. 5, 20, 5; cf.:

    e nostris spolia cepit laudibus, Cic. poet. Tusc. 2, 9, 22: signum ex Macedonia,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 149:

    signum pulcherrimum Carthagine captum,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 38, §

    82: sed eccam ipsa egreditur, nostri fundi calamitas: nam quod nos capere oportet, haec intercipit,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 35:

    cape cedo,

    id. Phorm. 5, 8, 57:

    ut reliqui fures, earum rerum quas ceperunt, signa commutant,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 74:

    majores nostri non solum id, quod de Campanis (agri) ceperant, non imminuerunt, etc.,

    id. Agr. 2, 29, 81:

    te duce ut insigni capiam cum laude coronam,

    Lucr. 6, 95.—With abstr. objects:

    paupertatem adeo facile perpessus est, ut de republica nihil praeter gloriam ceperit,

    Nep. Epam. 3, 4:

    ut ceteri, qui per eum aut honores aut divitias ceperant,

    id. Att. 7, 2:

    quoniam formam hujus cepi in me et statum,

    assumed, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 110:

    quare non committeret, ut is locus ex calamitate populi Romani nomen caperet,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 13:

    regnum Tiberinus ab illis Cepit,

    succeeded to, Ov. M. 14, 615.—
    b.
    In particular connections.
    (α).
    With pecuniam (freq. joined with concilio; v. infra), to take illegally, exact, extort, accept a bribe. take blackmail, etc., esp. of magistrates who were accused de pecuniis repetundis:

    his ego judicibus non probabo C. Verrem contra leges pecuniam cepisse?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10:

    HS. quadringentiens cepisse te arguo contra leges,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 10, § 26; cf.:

    quicquid ab horum quopiam captum est,

    id. ib. §

    27: tamen hae pecuniae per vim atque injuriam tuam captae et conciliatae tibi fraudi et damnationi esse deberent,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 40, §

    91: utrum (potestis), cum judices sitis de pecunia capta conciliata, tantam pecuniam captam neglegere?

    id. ib. 2, 3, 94, §

    218: quid est aliud capere conciliare pecunias. si hoc non est vi atque imperio cogere invitos lucrum dare alteri?

    id. ib. 2, 3, 30, §

    71: sequitur de captis pecuniis et de ambitu,

    id. Leg. 3, 20, 46:

    ita aperte cepit pecunias ob rem judicandam, ut, etc.,

    id. Fin. 2, 16, 54:

    quos censores furti et captarum pecuniarum nomine notaverunt,

    id. Clu. 42, 120:

    nondum commemoro rapinas, non exactas pecunias, non captas, non imperatas,

    id. Pis. 16, 38:

    si quis ob rem judicandam pecuniam cepisset... neque solum hoc genus pecuniae capiendae turpe, sed etiam nefarium esse arbitrabantur,

    id. Rab. Post. 7, 16; id. N. D. 3, 30, 70; Sall. J. 32, 1:

    ab regibus Illyriorum,

    Liv. 42, 45, 8:

    saevitiae captarumque pecuniarum teneri reum,

    Tac. A. 3, 67; 4, 31.—
    (β).
    Of inheritance and bequest, to take, inherit, obtain, acquire, get, accept:

    si ex hereditate nihil ceperit,

    Cic. Off, 3, 24, 93:

    qui morte testamentove ejus tantundem capiat quantum omnes heredes,

    id. Leg. 2, 19, 48:

    abdicatus ne quid de bonis patris capiat,

    Quint. 3, 6, 96:

    aut non justum testamentum est, aut capere non potes,

    id. 5, 14, 16:

    si capiendi Jus nullum uxori,

    Juv. 1, 55:

    qui testamentum faciebat, ei, qui usque ad certum modum capere potuerat, legavit, etc.,

    Dig. 22, 3, 27: quod ille plus capere non poterat, ib. fin.:

    qui ex bonis testatoris solidum capere non possit,

    ib. 28, 6, 6; 39, 6, 30.—
    (γ).
    Of regular income, revenue, etc., rents, tolls, profits, etc., to collect, receive, obtain: nam ex [p. 285] eis praediis talenta argenti bina Capiebat statim, Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 7:

    capit ille ex suis praediis sexcenta sestertia, ego centena ex meis,

    Cic. Par. 6, 3, 49:

    stipendium jure belli,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 28:

    quinquagena talenta vectigalis ex castro,

    Nep. Alcib. 9, 4:

    vectigal ex agro eorum capimus,

    Liv. 28, 39, 13:

    quadragena annua ex schola,

    Suet. Gram. 23:

    si recte habitaveris... fundus melior erit... fructus plus capies,

    Cato, R. R. 4, 2.—
    C.
    Trop.
    1.
    Of profit, benefit, advantage, to take, seize, obtain, get, enjoy, reap (mostly in phrase fructum capere):

    metuit semper, quem ipsa nunc capit Fructum, nequando iratus tu alio conferas,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 59:

    honeste acta superior aetas fructus capit auctoritatis extremos,

    Cic. Sen. 18, 62:

    ex iis etiam fructum capio laboris mei,

    id. Div. 2, 5:

    ex quibus (litteris) cepi fructum duplicem,

    id. Fam. 10, 5, 1:

    multo majorem fructum ex populi existimatione illo damnato cepimus, quam ex ipsius, si absolutus esset, gratia cepissemus,

    id. Att. 1, 4, 2:

    fructum immortalem vestri in me et amoris et judicii,

    id. Pis. 14, 31:

    aliquem fructum dulcedinis almae,

    Lucr. 2, 971; 5, 1410; Luc. 7, 32.—In other connections:

    quid ex ea re tandem ut caperes commodi?

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 25:

    utilitates ex amicitia maximas,

    Cic. Lael. 9, 32:

    usuram alicujus corporis,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 108.—
    2.
    Of external characteristics, form, figure, appearance, etc., to take, assume, acquire, put on:

    gestum atque voltum novom,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 50 ' faciem aliquam cepere morando, Ov. M. 1, 421; 13, 605:

    figuras Datque capitque novas,

    id. ib. 15, 309:

    formam capit quam lilia,

    id. ib. 10, 212; cf.:

    duritiam ab aere,

    id. ib. 4, 751.— Transf., of plants, etc.:

    radicem capere,

    to take root, Cato, R. R. 51:

    cum pali defixi radices cepissent,

    Plin. 17, 17, 27, § 123:

    siliculam capere,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 23, 3:

    maturitatem capere,

    Col. 4, 23, 1:

    radix libere capit viris,

    Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 161:

    vires cepisse nocendi,

    Ov. M. 7, 417:

    (telinum) rursus refrigeratum odorem suum capit,

    Plin. 13, 1, 2, § 13.—
    3.
    Of mental characteristics, habits, etc., to take, assume, adopt, cultivate, cherish, possess:

    cape sis virtutem animo et corde expelle desidiam tuo,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 24:

    qua re si Glabrionis patris vim et acrimoniam ceperis ad resistendum hominibus audacissimis, si avi prudentiam ad prospiciendas insidias, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 17, 52:

    aliquando, patres conscripti, patrium animum virtutemque capiamus,

    id. Phil. 3, 11, 29:

    consuetudinem exercitationemque,

    id. Off. 1, 18, 59:

    misericordiam,

    id. Quint. 31, 97:

    quam (adsuetudinem) tu dum capias, taedia nulla fuge,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 346:

    disciplinam principum,

    Plin. Pan. 46. —With dat.:

    quorum animis avidis... neque lex neque tutor capere est qui possit modum,

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 14 Wagn. ad loc.—
    4.
    Of offices, employments, duties, etc., = suscipio, to undertake, assume, enter upon, accept, take upon one ' s self, etc.:

    nam olim populi prius honorem capiebat suffragio, Quam magistro desinebat esse dicto oboediens,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 34:

    o Geta, provinciam Cepisti duram,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 23:

    in te cepi Capuam, non quo munus illud defugerem,

    took command at Capua, Cic. Att. 8. 3, 4:

    consulatum,

    id. Pis. 2, 3; Sall. J. 63, 2:

    honores,

    Nep. Att. 7, 2; Suet. Aug. 26:

    imperium,

    id. Claud. 10:

    magistratum,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 21, 62; Liv. 2, 33, 1; Suet. Aug. 2:

    magistratus,

    Sall. H. 1, 41, 21 Dietsch; Nep. Phoc. 1, 1; Suet. Caes. 75:

    capiatque aliquis moderamina (navis),

    Ov. M. 3, 644:

    rerum moderamen,

    id. ib. 6, 677:

    pontificatum maximum,

    Suet. Vit. 11:

    rem publicam,

    Sall. C. 5, 6:

    neve cui patrum capere eum magistratum liceret,

    Liv. 2, 33, 1:

    ut ceperat haud tumultuose magistratum majore gaudio plebis, etc.,

    id. 5, 13, 2.—Rarely with dat. of pers., to obtain for, secure for:

    patres praeturam Sp. Furio Camillo gratia campestri ceperunt,

    Liv. 7, 1, 2.—
    5.
    In gen., of any occupation, work, or undertaking, to begin, enter upon, take, undertake, etc.:

    augurium ex arce,

    Liv. 10, 7, 10:

    augurium capienti duodecim se vultures ostenderunt,

    Suet. Aug. 95; id. Vesp. 11:

    omen,

    Cic. Div. 1, 46, 104:

    in castris Romanis cum frustra multi conatus ad erumpendum capti essent,

    Liv. 9, 4, 1:

    rursus impetu capto enituntur,

    id. 2, 65, 5; Quint. 6, 1, 28; Suet. Aug. 42; id. Calig. 43: cursum, id. Oth. 6:

    a quibus temporibus scribendi capiatur exordium,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 3, 8:

    experimentum eorum inversa manu capitur,

    Plin. 13, 2, 3, § 19 ( poet.):

    nec vestra capit discordia finem,

    Verg. A. 10, 106:

    fugam,

    to take to flight, flee, Caes. B. G. 7, 26; so, capere impetum, to take a start, gather momentum:

    ad impetum capiundum modicum erat spatium,

    Liv. 10, 5, 6; cf.:

    expeditionis Germanicae impetum cepit,

    suddenly resolved to make, Suet. Calig. 43: capere initium, to begin:

    ea pars artis, ex qua capere initium solent,

    Quint. 2, 11, 1.— Transf., of place:

    eorum (finium) una pars, quam Gallos optinere dictum est, initium capit a flumine Rhodano,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 1:

    a dis inmortalibus sunt nobis agendi capienda primordia,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 7.—
    6.
    Of an opportunity or occasion, to seize, embrace, take:

    si occassionem capsit,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 6:

    si lubitum fuerit, causam ceperit,

    Ter. And. 1, 3, 8:

    quod tempus conveniundi patris me capere suadeat,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 4, 9:

    si satis commode tempus ad te cepit adeundi,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 1.—
    7.
    Of operations of the mind, resolutions, purposes, plans, thoughts, etc., to form, conceive, entertain, come to, reach:

    quantum ex ipsa re conjecturam cepimus,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 25 MSS. (Fleck. al. ex conj. fecimus); Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 32:

    cum jam ex diei tempore conjecturam ceperat,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 35:

    hujusce rei conjecturam de tuo ipsius studio, Servi, facillime ceperis,

    Cic. Mur. 4, 9.— Absol.:

    conjecturam capere,

    Cic. Div. 1, 57, 130:

    nec quid corde nunc consili capere possim, Scio,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 12:

    capti consili memorem mones,

    id. Stich 4, 1, 72:

    quo pacto porro possim Potiri consilium volo capere una tecum,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 66; 5, 2, 28:

    temerarium consilium,

    Liv. 25, 34, 7:

    tale capit consilium,

    Nep. Eum. 9, 3.— With inf.:

    confitendum... eadem te hora consilium cepisse hominis propinqui fortunas funditus evertere,

    Cic. Quint. 16, 53; Caes. B. G. 7, 71 init. —With ut:

    subito consilium cepi, ut exirem,

    Cic. Att. 7, 10 init. —With gen. gerund. (freq.):

    legionis opprimendae consilium capere,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 2:

    obprimundae reipublicae consilium cepit,

    Sall. C. 16, 4.—With sibi:

    si id non fecisset, sibi consilium facturos,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 20:

    ut ego rationem oculis capio,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 2:

    cepi rationem ut, etc.,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 11.—
    8.
    Of examples, instances, proofs, etc., to take, derive, draw, obtain:

    ex quo documentum nos capere fortuna voluit quid esset victis extimescendum,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5:

    quid istuc tam mirum'st, de te si exemplum capit? Ter And. 4, 1, 26: exemplum ex aliqua re,

    Cic. Lael. 10, 33:

    praesagia a sole,

    Plin. 18, 35, 78, § 341:

    illud num dubitas quin specimen naturae capi debeat ex optima quaque natura?

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 32.—
    9.
    Of impressions, feelings, etc., to take, entertain, conceive, receive, be subjected to, suffer, experience, etc.:

    tantum laborem capere ob talem filium?

    Ter. And. 5, 2, 29:

    omnes mihi labores fuere quos cepi leves,

    id. Heaut. 2, 4, 19:

    laborem inanem ipsus capit,

    id. Hec. 3, 2, 9:

    ex eo nunc misera quem capit Laborem!

    id. And. 4, 3, 4: miseriam omnem ego capio;

    hic potitur gaudia,

    id. Ad. 5, 4, 22:

    satietatem dum capiet pater Illius quam amat,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 10:

    plus aegri ex abitu viri quam ex adventu voluptatis cepi,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 9:

    cum illa quacum volt voluptatem capit,

    id. ib. prol. 114:

    angor iste, qui pro amico saepe capiendus est,

    Cic. Lael. 13, 48:

    quae (benevolentia) quidem capitur beneficiis maxime,

    id. Off. 2, 9, 32:

    laetitiam quam capiebam memoria rationum inventorumque nostrorum,

    id. Fin. 2, 30, 96:

    lenire desiderium quod capiebat e filio,

    id. Sen. 15, 54:

    opinione omnium majorem animo cepi dolorem,

    id. Brut. 1, 1:

    itaque cepi voluptatem, tam ornatum virum fuisse in re publica,

    id. ib. 40, 147:

    ex civibus victis gaudium meritum capiam,

    Liv. 27, 40, 9:

    ne quam... invidiam apud patres ex prodiga largitione caperet,

    id. 5, 20, 2:

    ad summam laetitiam meam, quam ex tuo reditu capio, magnus illius adventu cumulus accedet,

    id. Att. 4, 19, 2 (4, 18, 3):

    laetitia, quam oculis cepi justo interitu tyranni,

    id. ib. 14, 14, 4:

    ex praealto tecto lapsus matris et adfinium cepit oblivionem,

    lost his memory, Plin. 7, 24, 24, § 90: virtutis opinionem, Auct. B. G. 8, 8: somnum, Cic. Tusc. 4, 19, 44: taedium vitae, Nep. ap. Gell. 6 (7), 18, 11:

    maria aspera juro Non ullum pro me tantum (me) cepisse timorem, Quam, etc.,

    Verg. A. 6, 352 Forbig. ad loc.:

    et in futurum etiam metum ceperunt,

    Liv. 33, 27, 10:

    voluptatem animi,

    Cic. Planc. 1, 1:

    malis alienis voluptatem capere laetitiae (cum sit),

    id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66:

    quaeque mihi sola capitur nunc mente voluptas,

    Ov. P. 4, 9, 37.—
    10.
    Transf., with the feelings, experience, etc., as subj., to seize, overcome, possess, occupy, affect, take possession of, move, etc. (cf. lambanô, in this sense and like 9. supra): nutrix: Cupido cepit miseram nunc me, proloqui Caelo atque terrae Medeai miserias, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63 (Trag. Rel. v. 291 Vahl.):

    edepol te desiderium Athenarum arbitror cepisse saepe,

    Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 14:

    numquam commerui merito ut caperet odium illam mei,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 4:

    sicubi eum satietas Hominum aut negoti odium ceperat,

    id. Eun. 3, 1, 14:

    nos post reges exactos servitutis oblivio ceperat,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 9:

    te cepisse odium regni videbatur,

    id. ib. 2, 36, 91:

    Romulum Remumque cupido cepit urbis condendae,

    Liv. 1, 6, 3:

    cupido eum ceperat in verticem montis ascendendi,

    id. 40, 21, 2:

    etiam victores sanguinis caedisque ceperat satietas,

    id. 27, 49, 8; Mel. 3, 5, 2:

    qui pavor hic, qui terror, quae repente oblivio animos cepit?

    Liv. 27, 13, 2:

    oblivio deorum capiat pectora vestra,

    id. 38, 46, 12:

    tantane te cepere oblivia nostri?

    Ov. Tr. 1, 8, 11:

    ut animum ejus cura sacrorum cepit,

    Liv. 27, 8, 6:

    hostis primum admiratio cepit, quidnam, etc.,

    id. 44, 12, 1:

    tanta meae si te ceperunt taedia laudis,

    Verg. G. 4, 332; cf. Anthol. Lat. I. p. 178;

    I. p. 196 Burm.: ignarosque loci passim et formidine captos Sternimus,

    Verg. A. 2, 384:

    infelix, quae tanta animum dementia cepit!

    id. ib. 5, 465; id. E. 6, 47:

    cum subita incautum dementia cepit amantem,

    id. G. 4, 488; cf. Anthol. Lat. I. p. 170, 15;

    I. p. 168, 14 Burm.: Tarquinium mala libido Lucretiae stuprandae cepit,

    Liv. 1, 57, 10:

    ingens quidem et luctus et pavor civitatem cepit,

    id. 25, 22, 1:

    tantus repente maeror pavorque senatum eorum cepit,

    id. 23, 20, 7:

    senatum metus cepit,

    id. 23, 14, 8: si me... misericordia capsit. Att. ap. Non. p. 483, 11 (Trag. Rel. v. 454 Rib.): nec tuendi capere satietas potest, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24 (Trag. Rel. v. 410 ib.):

    quantus timor socios populi Romani cepisset,

    Liv. 43, 11, 9.—
    11.
    Of injury, damage, loss, etc., to suffer, take, be subjected to:

    calamitatem,

    Cic. Div. 1, 16, 29:

    detrimenti aliquid in aliqua re,

    Col. 1, 8, 2.—Esp., in the legal formula, by which dictatorial powers were conferred by the senate upon the consuls or the entire magistracy in times of extreme danger to the state;

    videant ne quid res publica detrimenti capiat: decrevit quondam senatus, ut L. Opimius consul videret ne quid res publica detrimenti caperet,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 4:

    Hernici tantum terrorem incussere patribus, ut, quae forma senatus consulti ultimae semper necessitatis habita est, Postumio, alteri consulum, negotium daretur, videret, ne, etc.,

    Liv. 3, 4, 9; cf. id. 6, 19, 2 sqq.:

    quod plerumque in atroci negotio solet, senatus decrevit, darent operam consules, ne quid, etc.... Ea potestas per senatum more Romano magistratui maxuma permittitur, exercitum parare, bellum gerere, coercere omnibus modis socios atque civis, domi militiaeque inperium atque judicium summum habere,

    Sall. C. 29, 2 sq.
    II.
    To take in, receive, hold, contain, be large enough for.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.: Ph. Sitit haec anus. Pa. Quantillum sitit? Ph. Modica'st, capit quadrantal, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 8:

    parte quod ex una spatium vacat et capit in se (ferrum),

    Lucr. 6, 1030:

    jam mare litus habet, plenos capit alveus amnes,

    Ov. M. 1, 344; cf.:

    terra feras cepit, volucres agitabilis aer,

    id. ib. 1, 75:

    dum tenues capiat suus alveus undas,

    id. ib. 8, 558:

    cunctosque (deos) dedisse Terga fugae, donec fessos Aegyptia tellus Ceperit,

    id. ib. 5, 324.—
    2.
    Esp., with negatives, not to hold, to be too small for, etc.; cf.:

    di boni, quid turba est! Aedes nostrae vix capient, scio,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 13:

    qui cum una domo jam capi non possunt, in alias domos exeunt,

    Cic. Off. 1, 17, 54: nec jam se capit [p. 286] unda;

    volat vapor ater ad auras,

    Verg. A. 7, 466:

    non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 46:

    non capit se mare,

    Sen. Agam. 487:

    neque enim capiebant funera portae,

    Ov. M. 7, 607:

    officium populi vix capiente domo,

    id. P. 4, 4, 42:

    si di habitum corporis tui aviditati animi parem esse voluissent, orbis te non caperet,

    Curt. 7, 8, 12:

    ut non immerito proditum sit... Graeciam omnem vix capere exercitum ejus (Xerxis) potuisse,

    Just. 2, 10, 19.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To swallow up, ingulf, take in (rare):

    tot domus locupletissimas istius domus una capiet?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 7.—
    2. a.
    Affirmatively (rare):

    quidquid mortalitas capere poterat, implevimus,

    Curt. 9, 3, 7:

    si puer omni cura et summo, quantum illa aetas capit, labore, scripserit,

    Quint. 2, 4, 17:

    dummodo ejus aetatis sit, ut dolum capiat,

    Dig. 40, 12, 15.—
    b.
    With negatives:

    non capiunt angustiae pectoris tui (tantam personam),

    Cic. Pis. 11, 24:

    leones, qui... nec capere irarum fluctus in pectore possunt,

    Lucr. 3, 298:

    nec capiunt inclusas pectora flammas,

    Ov. M. 6, 466:

    vix spes ipse suas animo capit,

    id. ib. 11, 118:

    ardet et iram Non capit ipsa suam Progne,

    id. ib. 6, 610; cf.:

    sic quoque concupiscis quae non capis,

    Curt. 7, 8, 13:

    majora quam capit spirat,

    id. 6, 9, 11:

    ad ultimum magnitudinem ejus (fortunae) non capit,

    id. 3, 12, 20:

    infirma aetas majora non capiet,

    Quint. 1, 11, 13.—
    3.
    Transf., of things, to admit of, be capable of, undergo (post-Aug. and rare):

    rimam fissuramque non capit sponte cedrus,

    Plin. 16, 40, 78, § 212:

    molluscum... si magnitudinem mensarum caperet,

    id. 16, 16, 27, § 68:

    res non capit restitutionem, cum statum mutat,

    Dig. 4, 4, 19.—
    4.
    With inf., to be susceptible of, to be of a nature to, etc., = endechetai (late Lat.):

    nec capit humanis angoribus excruciari (Deus),

    Prud. Apoth. 154:

    crimina, quae non capiunt indulgeri,

    Tert. Pud. 1 fin.; id. Apol. 17; id. adv. Haer. 44 fin.; Paul. Nol. Carm. 9, 22.—
    5.
    Of the mind, to take, receive into the mind, comprehend, grasp, embrace (cf. intellego, to penetrate mentally, have insight into):

    sitque nonnumquam summittenda et contrahenda oratio, ne judex eam vel intellegere vel capere non possit,

    Quint. 11, 1, 45:

    nullam esse gratiam tantam, quam non vel capere animus meus in accipiendo... posset,

    id. 2, 6, 2:

    quae quidem ego nisi tam magna esse fatear, ut ea vix cujusquam mens aut cogitatio capere possit,

    Cic. Marcell. 2, 6; id. N. D. 1, 19, 49:

    senatus ille, quem qui ex regibus constare dixit, unus veram speciem Romani senatus cepit,

    Liv. 9, 17, 14:

    somnium laetius, quam quod mentes eorum capere possent,

    id. 9, 9, 14.—P. a. as subst.: Capta, ae, f., a surname of Minerva, as worshipped on the Coelian Mount, but for what reason is not known, Ov. F. 3, 837 sq.
    2.
    căpĭo, ōnis, f. [1. capio]; in the Lat. of the jurists,
    I.
    A taking:

    dominii,

    Dig. 39, 2, 18; Gell. 6 (7), 10, 3.—
    II.
    = usu capio or usucapio, the right of property acquired by prescription, Dig. 41, 1, 48, § 1; 41, 3, 21; 41, 5, 4; v. 1. usucapio.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Capta

  • 67 clades

    clādes, is ( gen. plur. usu. cladium, Liv. 2, 63, 7; 5, 22, 8 et saep.:

    cladum,

    Sil. 1, 41; 7, 505; 9, 353; 16, 672; Amm. 29, 1, 14; 32, 2, 1), f. [kindr. with Sanscr. klath, laedere; Gr. klaô, to break, break in pieces; cf.: per - cello, clava, gladius].
    I.
    Prop., a breaking, beating, dashing to pieces; hence,
    A.
    In gen., destruction, devastation, injury, mischief, harm, misfortune, disaster, loss, detriment, calamity (cf.: calamitas, pernicies;

    class. and freq.): clades calamitasque, intemperies modo in nostram advenit domum,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 4, 3:

    haec igitur subito clades nova pestilitasque Aut in aquas cadit aut fruges persidit in ipsas,

    Lucr. 6, 1125:

    dare late cladem magnasque ruinas,

    id. 5, 347:

    etsi cursum ingeni tui, Bruti, premit haec inportuna clades civitatis,

    Cic. Brut. 97, 332:

    atque haec vetusta... Luctifica clades nostro infixa est corpori,

    id. Tusc. 2, 10, 25:

    et illam meam cladem... maximum esse rei publicae volnus judicastis,

    id. Sest. 13, 31:

    cum tibi ad pristinas cladis accessio fuisset Aetoliae repentinus interitus,

    id. Pis. 37, 91:

    quod si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset, profecto magna clades atque calamitas rem publicam oppressisset,

    Sall. C. 39, 4:

    captae urbis Romanae clades,

    Liv. 5, 21, 16:

    publica,

    Tac. A. 14, 64:

    tum urbs tota eorum conruit et Taygeti montis magna pars... abrupta cladem eam insuper ruinā pressit,

    Plin. 2, 79, 81, § 191:

    plus populationibus quam proeliis cladium fecit (cf. B. 1. infra),

    Liv. 8, 2, 8:

    quidve superbia spurcitia ac petulantia? Quantas Efficiunt clades!

    Lucr. 5, 48:

    aliam quamvis cladem inportare pericli,

    id. 5, 369:

    agrum omni belli clade pervastat,

    Liv. 22, 4, 1:

    colonias belli clade premi,

    Curt. 9, 7, 22:

    colonias omni clade vastare,

    id. 4, 1, 10:

    majestas populi Romani... vastata cladibus fuerat,

    Plin. 16, 32, 57, § 132:

    per sex dies septemque noctes eā clade saevitum est,

    of the burning of Rome, Suet. Ner. 38:

    quo tantae cladis pretio,

    i. e. the burning of the Capitol, Tac. H. 3, 72; id. A. 13, 57:

    recens,

    the destruction of the amphitheatre, id. A. 4, 63 sq.:

    Lugdunensis,

    the burning of Lyons, id. ib. 16, 13 Nipp. ad loc.—With gen. obj.:

    si denique Italia a dilectu, urbs ab armis, sine Milonis clade numquam esset conquietura,

    without ruining Milo, Cic. Mil. 25, 68: tum privatae per domos clades vulgatae sunt, the losses of particular families at Cannae, Liv. 22, 56, 4.— Poet.:

    cladibus, exclamat, Saturnia, pascere nostris,

    Ov. M. 9, 176:

    Trojae renascens alite lugubri Fortuna tristi clade iterabitur,

    Hor. C. 3, 3, 62.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    In war or battle, a disaster, defeat, overthrow, discomfiture, massacre:

    ni pedites cum equitibus permixti magnam cladem in congressu facerent,

    Sall. J. 59, 3:

    exercitatior hostis magnā clade eos castigavit,

    Liv. 39, 1, 4:

    iret ut... subitā turbaret clade Latinos,

    Verg. A. 12, 556:

    quodsi... supervenisset, ingens clades accipi potuit,

    Curt. 4, 12, 15;

    so freq.: accipere cladem,

    to be defeated, beaten, Liv. 3, 26, 3; 5, 11, 5; 8, 12, 17;

    22, 51, 11: apud Chaeroneam accepta,

    Quint. 9, 2, 62:

    classe devictā multas ipsi lacrimas, magnam populo Romano cladem attulit,

    Cic. N.D. 2, 3, 7:

    postquam is... contractae cladi superesset... fusa est Romana acies,

    Liv. 25, 19, 16:

    omnibus pacis modo incurrisse agentibus magna clades inlata,

    id. 29, 3, 8:

    non vulnus super vulnus sed multiplex clades,

    id. 22, 54, 9: paene exitiabilem omnibus cladem intulit, Vell. 2, 112, 4:

    tantā mole cladis obrui,

    Liv. 22, 54, 10:

    terrestri simul navalique clade obruebantur,

    Curt. 4, 3, 14; Sen. Med. 207: clades illa pugnae Cannensis vastissima, Claud. Quadrig. ap. Gell. 5, 17, 5:

    binaque castra clade unā deleta,

    Liv. 30, 6, 6:

    exercituum,

    Tac. A. 3, 6; 3, 73; Sall. H. 1, 41, 5 Dietsch:

    quis cladem illius noctis fando Explicet,

    Verg. A. 2, 362:

    Germanica,

    Tac. H. 4, 12:

    Variana,

    id. A. 1, 57:

    Pharsaliam Philippos et Perusiam ac Mutinam, nota publicarum cladium nomina loquebantur,

    id. H. 1, 50. — Poet.:

    ut barbarorum Claudius agmina... diruit... Primosque et extremos metendo Stravit humum, sine clade victor (i.e. of his own men),

    Hor. C. 4, 14, 32.—
    2.
    Of the plague:

    inque ipsos saeva medentes Erumpit clades,

    Ov. M. 7, 562; cf.:

    sue abstinent merito cladis, quā ipsos scabies quondam turpaverat, cui id animal obnoxium,

    Tac. H. 5, 4 Heraeus ad loc.—
    3.
    Of the loss of a limb:

    Mucius, cui postea Scaevolae a clade dextrae manūs cognomen inditum,

    Liv. 2, 13, 1.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Of persons who bring destruction, etc., a destroyer, scourge, pest:

    geminos, duo fulmina belli, Scipiadas, cladem Libyae,

    Verg. A. 6, 843:

    haec clades,

    of Heliogabalus, Lampr. Heliog. 34, 1: illa, of immodest women as a class, id. Alex. Sev. 34, 4.—
    B.
    Of dissolute morals, corruption:

    fecunda culpae saecula nuptias inquinavere... Hoc fonte derivata clades In patriam populumque fluxit,

    Hor. C. 3, 6, 19.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > clades

  • 68 collabor

    col-lābor ( conl-), lapsus (or labsus), 3, v. dep., to fall together, to fall in ruins; esp. of buildings, to fall in, fall from age (in the ante-Aug. period very rare; not in Cic., Hor., or Quint.).
    I.
    Prop., Liv. 35, 9, 3:

    moenia subito collapsa ruinā sunt,

    id. 29, 18, 17; Suet. Aug. 30; id. Claud. 25; id. Calig. 21:

    fastigium domūs collabitur,

    id. Caes. 81:

    qui collapsā jacuere ruinā,

    Sil. 7, 727:

    succisis asseribus collapsus pons,

    Liv. 44, 5, 6. postquam conlapsi cineres, Verg. A. 6, 226:

    eodem anno duodecim celebres Asiae urbes collapsae nocturno motu terrae,

    Tac. A. 2, 47:

    AEDES VETVSTATE COLLAPSA,

    Inscr. Orell. 26.—Of persons, to fall or sink down in a swoon or in death:

    suscipiunt famulae collapsaque membra Marmoreo referunt thalamo,

    Verg. A. 4, 391; 8, 584; Ov. M. 7, 826; 5, 96; 6, 295; Tac. A. 2, 31; Suet. Ner. 42; Curt. 4, 10, 19; 7, 6, 22; 8, 2, 39; Petr. 94; Val. Fl. 7, 152; Stat. Achill. 1, 195; cf.:

    ferro collapsa,

    Verg. A. 4, 664.—
    B.
    Transf.:

    ossa morbo collapsa,

    Verg. G. 3, 485: collapsa tempora, oculi concavi, temples fallen in or sunken, Cels. 2, 6:

    iter urinae senectute collapsum,

    id. 7, 26.—
    II.
    Trop. (very rare):

    in corruptelam suam,

    Plaut. Truc. 3, 2, 3:

    ira in se ipsa collapsa,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 10:

    in fata,

    Cod. Just. 5, 14, 9.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > collabor

  • 69 Commodus

    1.
    com-mŏdus, a, um, adj., that has a due or proper measure; hence,
    I.
    Object., complete, perfect, of full weight or measure, fit, suitable, due, proper, etc. (mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose;

    most freq. in Plaut.): statura,

    a tall stature, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 21:

    capillus,

    id. Most. 1, 3, 98:

    viginti argenti minae,

    full twenty, id. As. 3, 3, 134 (cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 144: minae bonae); id. Merc. 2, 3, 101:

    talentum argenti,

    id. Rud. 5, 2, 31; Lucil. ap. Non. p. 266, 27:

    novem cyathis commodis miscentur pocula,

    Hor. C. 3, 19, 12:

    alimenta,

    Dig. 34, 1, 16, § 1:

    capitis valetudo commodior,

    more firm, Cels. 8, 1; Quint. 6, 3, 77;

    and transf. to the person: vivere filium atque etiam commodiorem esse,

    to be better, Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 4.—
    II.
    Subject., suitable, fit, convenient, opportune, commodious, easy, appropriate for some one or something, favorable, friendly to (in every period and species of composition); constr. with dat. or absol., rarely with ad (v. the foll.).
    A.
    Of things.
    1.
    With dat.
    a.
    Of the purpose or use:

    curationi omnia commodiora,

    Liv. 30, 19, 5:

    nec pecori opportuna seges nec commoda Baccho,

    Verg. G. 4, 129.—
    b.
    Of the person:

    hoc et vobis et meae commodum famae arbitror,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 9:

    quod erit mihi bonum et commodum,

    id. Phorm. 1, 2, 81:

    nulla lex satis commoda omnibus est (corresp. with prodesse),

    Liv. 34, 3, 5:

    primordia eloquentiae mortalibus,

    Tac. Or. 12:

    hanc sibi commodissimam belli rationem judicavit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 85:

    quae sit stella homini commoda, quaeque mala,

    Prop. 2 (3), 27, 4.—
    2.
    Absol.:

    hiberna,

    Liv. 42, 67, 8:

    longius ceterum commodius iter,

    id. 22, 2, 2; cf.:

    commodissimus in Britanniam transjectus,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 2:

    commodius anni tempus,

    Cic. Att. 9, 3, 1; cf. Ter. And. 5, 2, 3:

    faciliore ac commodiore judicio,

    Cic. Caecin. 3, 8:

    litterae satis commodae de Britannicis rebus,

    id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7, § 25:

    mores,

    id. Lael. 15, 54:

    commodissimum esse statuit, omnes naves subduci, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 11.—
    3.
    With or without dat. pers. in the phrase commodum est, it pleases, is agreeable, = libet:

    proinde ut commodum est,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 8; 3, 1, 2: dum erit commodum, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 38:

    si id non commodum est,

    id. Eun. 3, 2, 49; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 37; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 13, § 33 Ascon.; 2, 2, 16, § 39; 2, 1, 26, § 65; 2, 3, 70, § 165; id. Div. 1, 49, 111; id. de Or. 3, 23, 87; Plin. Pan. 48, 1:

    id si tibi erit commodum, cures velim,

    Cic. Att. 13, 48, 2; Cels. 4, 4; 4, 22.—
    4.
    With ad and acc. of purpose (very rare):

    nec satis ad cursus commoda vestis Erat,

    Ov. F. 2, 288.—
    5.
    With sup. in u (rare):

    hoc exornationis genus... commodum est auditu,

    Auct. Her. 4, 18, 26.—
    B.
    Of persons, serving a neighbor or (more freq.) accommodating one ' s self to his wishes, useful, serviceable, pleasant, agreeable, obliging, neighborly, friendly, polite, affable, gentle, etc.:

    mihi commodus uni,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 9; cf. id. ib. 2, 1, 227:

    quemquamne existimas Catone commodiorem, communiorem, moderatiorem fuisse ad omnem rationem humanitatis?

    Cic. Mur. 31, 66:

    commodior mitiorque,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13, § 39:

    Apronius, qui aliis inhumanus ac barbarus, isti uni commodus ac disertus,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 9, § 23:

    convivae,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 2; cf.:

    commodus comissator,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 8; and:

    commodus meis sodalibus,

    Hor. C. 4, 8, 1:

    homines,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 28:

    mulier commoda, Faceta,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 10; cf. id. And. 5, 2, 3.—In a double sense with I. supra:

    ubi tu commoda's, capillum commodum esse credito,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 98.— Poet., of the measure of iambic verse:

    spondeos in jura paterna recepit Commodus et patiens,

    sharing the paternal rights with them, in a fraternal manner, Hor. A. P. 257.—Hence,
    III.
    Subst.: commŏdum, i, n.
    1.
    A convenient opportunity, favorable condition, convenience (rare, but in good prose):

    nostrum exspectare,

    Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1:

    cum tamdiu sedens meum commodum exspectet,

    id. ib. 14, 2, 3;

    12, 38, 1: velim aliquando, cum erit tuum commodum, Lentulum puerum visas,

    when it shall be convenient for you, id. ib. 12, 28, 3.—More freq.,
    b.
    In the connection commodo meo, tuo, etc., per commodum, ex commodo, at, or according to my, thy, etc., convenience, conveniently, at one ' s leisure:

    etiamsi spatium ad dicendum nostro commodo vacuosque dies habuissemus,

    according to our convenience, Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56:

    quod commodo tuo fiat,

    id. Fam. 4, 2, 4; 1, 1, 3; id. Att. 13, 48, 1: suo commodo me convenire, Caes. ap. Cic. ib. 14, 1, 2:

    ubi consul copias per commodum exponere posset,

    Liv. 42, 18, 3:

    tamquam lecturus ex commodo,

    Sen. Ep. 46, 1; Col. 12, 19, 3;

    so opp. festinanter,

    id. 6, 2, 14.—
    2.
    Advantage, profit (very freq. in all periods and species of composition):

    commodum est, quod plus usus habet quam molestiae: bonum sincerum debet esse et ab omni parte innoxium,

    Sen. Ep. 87, 36 sq.:

    ut malis gaudeant atque ex incommodis Alterius sua ut comparent commoda,

    Ter. And. 4, 1, 4:

    ut ex illius commodo meum compararem commodum,

    id. Heaut. 2, 4, 17; cf. id. Hec. 5, 3, 42; Cic. N. D. 1, 9, 23:

    cui tam subito tot congruerint commoda,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 3:

    (honestatem) ipsam suo splendore ad se animos ducere, nullo prorsus commodo extrinsecus posito, Cic. Ac. Fragm. ap. Aug. contr. Ac. 3, 7, 15 (IV. 2, p. 470 Orell.): sequi matris commodum,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 31:

    pacis,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 82, 335:

    contra valetudinis commodum laborare,

    to the injury of health, id. Mur. 23, 47:

    mea,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 37:

    in publica peccem,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 3; cf.:

    populi commoda,

    Nep. Phoc. 4, 1.—
    b.
    Specif., a reward, pay, stipend, salary, wages for public service: veteranorum, Brut. et Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 2, 3:

    omnibus provincialibus ornamentis commodisque depositis,

    emoluments, id. Red. in Sen. 14, 35; Suet. Ner. 32; cf.:

    emeritae militiae,

    id. Calig. 44; id. Aug. 49; cf. also id. Vit. 15; id. Galb. 12:

    militibus commoda dare,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 131 sq.:

    tribunatus,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 8, 1:

    missionum,

    Suet. Aug. 49.—
    c.
    A favor, privilege, immunity, Suet. Aug. 31; id. Claud. 19.—
    d.
    A useful thing, a good:

    commoda vitae,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87; Lucr. 3, 2; cf.:

    cetera opinione bona sunt... proprietas in illis boni non est. Itaque commoda vocentur,

    Sen. Ep. 74, 17:

    inter commoda illas (divitias) numeratis: atqui eādem ratione ne commodum quidem erunt,

    id. ib. 87, 29. —
    e.
    Sometimes commodo or per commodum, adverb. antith. to that which is [p. 382] injurious, without injury or detriment:

    ut regem reducas, quod commodo rei publicae facere possis,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 3:

    si per commodum reipublicae posset, Romam venisset,

    Liv. 10, 25, 17.—
    3.
    Concr., = commodatum, that which is lent, a loan:

    qui forum et basilicas commodis hospitum, non furtis nocentium ornarent,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 6; cf. Isid. Orig. 5, 25, 16.—
    B.
    Advv.:
    1.
    commŏdum, adv. temp. (only in colloquial lang. and post-class. prose writers).
    a.
    At a fit time, just in time, at the very nick, at the very moment, opportunely, seasonably ( = opportune, eukairôs):

    ecce autem commodum aperitur foris,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 61:

    commodum adveni domum,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 37:

    orditur loqui,

    id. Trin. 5, 2, 12:

    ipse exit Lesbonicus,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 9: eukairôs ad me venit, cum haberem Dolabellam, Torquatus... commodum egeram diligentissime, Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1; Symm. Ep. 2, 47. —
    b.
    To designate a point of time that corresponds with another, or that just precedes it, just, just then, just now.
    (α).
    Absol.:

    ad te hercle ibam commodum,

    Plaut. Cas. 3, 4, 3; Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:

    Taurus, sectatoribus commodum dimissis, sedebat, etc.,

    Gell. 2, 2, 2:

    si istac ibis, commodum obviam venies patri,

    just meet, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 107. —
    (β).
    With postquam or (more freq.) with cum in a parallel clause:

    postquam me misisti ad portum cum luci simul, Commodum radiosus ecce sol superabat ex mari,

    Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 41:

    quom huc respicio ad virginem, Illa sese interea commodum huc advorterat,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 52:

    commodum discesseras heri, cum Trebatius venit,

    Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1:

    emerseram commodum ex Antiati in Appiam, cum in me incurrit Curio,

    id. ib. 2, 12, 2 B. and K. (al. commode); so with the pluperf. and a foll. cum, id. ib. 13, 19, 1; 13, 30, 2; 10, 16, 1; App. M. 1, p. 107, 15:

    adducitur a Veneriis Lollius commodum cum Apronius e palaestrā redisset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 61 B. and K. (Zumpt, commode):

    cum jam filiae nostrae dies natalis appeteret, commodum aderant, quae muneri miseratis,

    Symm. Ep. 3, 50. —
    2.
    commŏdŏ, adv. temp., = commodum, a., just in time, seasonably, just at this time (ante-class. and very rare): commodo eccum exit, Titin. ap. Charis. p. 177 P. (i. e. in tempore, Charis.): commodo de parte superiore descendebat, Sisenn. ib.: commodo dictitemus, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Charis. p. 174; cf. id. ib. p. 177.—
    3.
    commŏdē, adv.
    a.
    (Acc. to commodus, I.) Duly, properly, completely, rightly, well, skilfully, neatly, etc. (class.):

    suo quique loco viden' capillus satis compositu'st commode?

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 97: commode amictus non sum, id. Fragm. ap. Gell. 18, 12, 3:

    saltare, Nep. praef. § 1: legere,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 3; cf. in comp., id. ib. 9, 34, 1:

    multa breviter et commode dicta,

    Cic. Lael. 1, 1; cf. id. de Or. 1, 53, 227; id. Rosc. Am. 4, 9; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 20; 1, 2, 33 al.:

    cogitare,

    id. Heaut. prol. 14:

    audire,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 134:

    valere,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 11:

    feceris commode mihique gratum, si, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 10, 3 fin.:

    commode facere, quod, etc.,

    id. ib. 11, 7, 7; in comp.:

    commodius fecissent tribuni plebis, si, etc.,

    id. Agr. 3, 1, 1.—In medic.:

    commode facere,

    to do well, be beneficial, Cels. 4, 12.—
    b.
    (Acc. to commodus, II.)
    (α).
    Conveniently, suitably, opportunely, fitly, aptly, appropriately:

    magis commode quam strenue navigavi,

    Cic. Att. 16, 6, 1:

    ille satis scite et commode tempus ad te cepit adeundi,

    id. Fam. 11, 16, 1:

    vos istic commodissime sperem esse,

    id. ib. 14, 7, 2:

    explorat, quo commodissime itinere valles transiri possit,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 49 fin.:

    hoc ego commodius quam tu vivo,

    Hor. S. 1, 6, 110; cf.:

    consumere vitiatum commodius quam integrum,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 91; Quint. 6, 3, 54:

    cui commodissime subjungitur,

    id. 9, 3, 82; cf. id. 4, 1, 76.—
    (β).
    In a friendly manner, pleasantly, gently, kindly:

    acceptae bene et commode eximus,

    Plaut. Cas. 5, 1, 1; id. Poen. 1, 2, 190; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 48.—
    c.
    (Equiv. to commodum, adv. b.) Just, just at the moment when, etc.; only v.l. in the doubtful passages cited supra, commodum, b. fin.
    2.
    Commŏdus, i, m., a Roman cognomen; so L. Aelius Aurelius Commodus, Roman emperor, Lampr. Commod. 1 sq.; Eutr. 8, 15 al.—Hence,
    1.
    Commŏdĭā-nus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Commodus: horti, Lampr. Commod. 8:

    thermae,

    Spart. Nigid. 6 al. —
    2.
    Commŏ-dĭus, a, um, adj., the same:

    Nonae,

    Lampr. Commod. 12; cf. id. ib. 11.—
    3.
    Commŏ-dus, a, um, adj., the same: mensis, i. e. August, which Commodus wished to name after himself, Lampr. Commod. 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Commodus

  • 70 commodus

    1.
    com-mŏdus, a, um, adj., that has a due or proper measure; hence,
    I.
    Object., complete, perfect, of full weight or measure, fit, suitable, due, proper, etc. (mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose;

    most freq. in Plaut.): statura,

    a tall stature, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 21:

    capillus,

    id. Most. 1, 3, 98:

    viginti argenti minae,

    full twenty, id. As. 3, 3, 134 (cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 144: minae bonae); id. Merc. 2, 3, 101:

    talentum argenti,

    id. Rud. 5, 2, 31; Lucil. ap. Non. p. 266, 27:

    novem cyathis commodis miscentur pocula,

    Hor. C. 3, 19, 12:

    alimenta,

    Dig. 34, 1, 16, § 1:

    capitis valetudo commodior,

    more firm, Cels. 8, 1; Quint. 6, 3, 77;

    and transf. to the person: vivere filium atque etiam commodiorem esse,

    to be better, Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 4.—
    II.
    Subject., suitable, fit, convenient, opportune, commodious, easy, appropriate for some one or something, favorable, friendly to (in every period and species of composition); constr. with dat. or absol., rarely with ad (v. the foll.).
    A.
    Of things.
    1.
    With dat.
    a.
    Of the purpose or use:

    curationi omnia commodiora,

    Liv. 30, 19, 5:

    nec pecori opportuna seges nec commoda Baccho,

    Verg. G. 4, 129.—
    b.
    Of the person:

    hoc et vobis et meae commodum famae arbitror,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 9:

    quod erit mihi bonum et commodum,

    id. Phorm. 1, 2, 81:

    nulla lex satis commoda omnibus est (corresp. with prodesse),

    Liv. 34, 3, 5:

    primordia eloquentiae mortalibus,

    Tac. Or. 12:

    hanc sibi commodissimam belli rationem judicavit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 85:

    quae sit stella homini commoda, quaeque mala,

    Prop. 2 (3), 27, 4.—
    2.
    Absol.:

    hiberna,

    Liv. 42, 67, 8:

    longius ceterum commodius iter,

    id. 22, 2, 2; cf.:

    commodissimus in Britanniam transjectus,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 2:

    commodius anni tempus,

    Cic. Att. 9, 3, 1; cf. Ter. And. 5, 2, 3:

    faciliore ac commodiore judicio,

    Cic. Caecin. 3, 8:

    litterae satis commodae de Britannicis rebus,

    id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7, § 25:

    mores,

    id. Lael. 15, 54:

    commodissimum esse statuit, omnes naves subduci, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 11.—
    3.
    With or without dat. pers. in the phrase commodum est, it pleases, is agreeable, = libet:

    proinde ut commodum est,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 8; 3, 1, 2: dum erit commodum, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 38:

    si id non commodum est,

    id. Eun. 3, 2, 49; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 37; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 13, § 33 Ascon.; 2, 2, 16, § 39; 2, 1, 26, § 65; 2, 3, 70, § 165; id. Div. 1, 49, 111; id. de Or. 3, 23, 87; Plin. Pan. 48, 1:

    id si tibi erit commodum, cures velim,

    Cic. Att. 13, 48, 2; Cels. 4, 4; 4, 22.—
    4.
    With ad and acc. of purpose (very rare):

    nec satis ad cursus commoda vestis Erat,

    Ov. F. 2, 288.—
    5.
    With sup. in u (rare):

    hoc exornationis genus... commodum est auditu,

    Auct. Her. 4, 18, 26.—
    B.
    Of persons, serving a neighbor or (more freq.) accommodating one ' s self to his wishes, useful, serviceable, pleasant, agreeable, obliging, neighborly, friendly, polite, affable, gentle, etc.:

    mihi commodus uni,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 9; cf. id. ib. 2, 1, 227:

    quemquamne existimas Catone commodiorem, communiorem, moderatiorem fuisse ad omnem rationem humanitatis?

    Cic. Mur. 31, 66:

    commodior mitiorque,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13, § 39:

    Apronius, qui aliis inhumanus ac barbarus, isti uni commodus ac disertus,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 9, § 23:

    convivae,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 2; cf.:

    commodus comissator,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 8; and:

    commodus meis sodalibus,

    Hor. C. 4, 8, 1:

    homines,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 28:

    mulier commoda, Faceta,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 10; cf. id. And. 5, 2, 3.—In a double sense with I. supra:

    ubi tu commoda's, capillum commodum esse credito,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 98.— Poet., of the measure of iambic verse:

    spondeos in jura paterna recepit Commodus et patiens,

    sharing the paternal rights with them, in a fraternal manner, Hor. A. P. 257.—Hence,
    III.
    Subst.: commŏdum, i, n.
    1.
    A convenient opportunity, favorable condition, convenience (rare, but in good prose):

    nostrum exspectare,

    Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1:

    cum tamdiu sedens meum commodum exspectet,

    id. ib. 14, 2, 3;

    12, 38, 1: velim aliquando, cum erit tuum commodum, Lentulum puerum visas,

    when it shall be convenient for you, id. ib. 12, 28, 3.—More freq.,
    b.
    In the connection commodo meo, tuo, etc., per commodum, ex commodo, at, or according to my, thy, etc., convenience, conveniently, at one ' s leisure:

    etiamsi spatium ad dicendum nostro commodo vacuosque dies habuissemus,

    according to our convenience, Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56:

    quod commodo tuo fiat,

    id. Fam. 4, 2, 4; 1, 1, 3; id. Att. 13, 48, 1: suo commodo me convenire, Caes. ap. Cic. ib. 14, 1, 2:

    ubi consul copias per commodum exponere posset,

    Liv. 42, 18, 3:

    tamquam lecturus ex commodo,

    Sen. Ep. 46, 1; Col. 12, 19, 3;

    so opp. festinanter,

    id. 6, 2, 14.—
    2.
    Advantage, profit (very freq. in all periods and species of composition):

    commodum est, quod plus usus habet quam molestiae: bonum sincerum debet esse et ab omni parte innoxium,

    Sen. Ep. 87, 36 sq.:

    ut malis gaudeant atque ex incommodis Alterius sua ut comparent commoda,

    Ter. And. 4, 1, 4:

    ut ex illius commodo meum compararem commodum,

    id. Heaut. 2, 4, 17; cf. id. Hec. 5, 3, 42; Cic. N. D. 1, 9, 23:

    cui tam subito tot congruerint commoda,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 3:

    (honestatem) ipsam suo splendore ad se animos ducere, nullo prorsus commodo extrinsecus posito, Cic. Ac. Fragm. ap. Aug. contr. Ac. 3, 7, 15 (IV. 2, p. 470 Orell.): sequi matris commodum,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 31:

    pacis,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 82, 335:

    contra valetudinis commodum laborare,

    to the injury of health, id. Mur. 23, 47:

    mea,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 37:

    in publica peccem,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 3; cf.:

    populi commoda,

    Nep. Phoc. 4, 1.—
    b.
    Specif., a reward, pay, stipend, salary, wages for public service: veteranorum, Brut. et Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 2, 3:

    omnibus provincialibus ornamentis commodisque depositis,

    emoluments, id. Red. in Sen. 14, 35; Suet. Ner. 32; cf.:

    emeritae militiae,

    id. Calig. 44; id. Aug. 49; cf. also id. Vit. 15; id. Galb. 12:

    militibus commoda dare,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 131 sq.:

    tribunatus,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 8, 1:

    missionum,

    Suet. Aug. 49.—
    c.
    A favor, privilege, immunity, Suet. Aug. 31; id. Claud. 19.—
    d.
    A useful thing, a good:

    commoda vitae,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87; Lucr. 3, 2; cf.:

    cetera opinione bona sunt... proprietas in illis boni non est. Itaque commoda vocentur,

    Sen. Ep. 74, 17:

    inter commoda illas (divitias) numeratis: atqui eādem ratione ne commodum quidem erunt,

    id. ib. 87, 29. —
    e.
    Sometimes commodo or per commodum, adverb. antith. to that which is [p. 382] injurious, without injury or detriment:

    ut regem reducas, quod commodo rei publicae facere possis,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 3:

    si per commodum reipublicae posset, Romam venisset,

    Liv. 10, 25, 17.—
    3.
    Concr., = commodatum, that which is lent, a loan:

    qui forum et basilicas commodis hospitum, non furtis nocentium ornarent,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 6; cf. Isid. Orig. 5, 25, 16.—
    B.
    Advv.:
    1.
    commŏdum, adv. temp. (only in colloquial lang. and post-class. prose writers).
    a.
    At a fit time, just in time, at the very nick, at the very moment, opportunely, seasonably ( = opportune, eukairôs):

    ecce autem commodum aperitur foris,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 61:

    commodum adveni domum,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 37:

    orditur loqui,

    id. Trin. 5, 2, 12:

    ipse exit Lesbonicus,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 9: eukairôs ad me venit, cum haberem Dolabellam, Torquatus... commodum egeram diligentissime, Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1; Symm. Ep. 2, 47. —
    b.
    To designate a point of time that corresponds with another, or that just precedes it, just, just then, just now.
    (α).
    Absol.:

    ad te hercle ibam commodum,

    Plaut. Cas. 3, 4, 3; Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:

    Taurus, sectatoribus commodum dimissis, sedebat, etc.,

    Gell. 2, 2, 2:

    si istac ibis, commodum obviam venies patri,

    just meet, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 107. —
    (β).
    With postquam or (more freq.) with cum in a parallel clause:

    postquam me misisti ad portum cum luci simul, Commodum radiosus ecce sol superabat ex mari,

    Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 41:

    quom huc respicio ad virginem, Illa sese interea commodum huc advorterat,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 52:

    commodum discesseras heri, cum Trebatius venit,

    Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1:

    emerseram commodum ex Antiati in Appiam, cum in me incurrit Curio,

    id. ib. 2, 12, 2 B. and K. (al. commode); so with the pluperf. and a foll. cum, id. ib. 13, 19, 1; 13, 30, 2; 10, 16, 1; App. M. 1, p. 107, 15:

    adducitur a Veneriis Lollius commodum cum Apronius e palaestrā redisset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 61 B. and K. (Zumpt, commode):

    cum jam filiae nostrae dies natalis appeteret, commodum aderant, quae muneri miseratis,

    Symm. Ep. 3, 50. —
    2.
    commŏdŏ, adv. temp., = commodum, a., just in time, seasonably, just at this time (ante-class. and very rare): commodo eccum exit, Titin. ap. Charis. p. 177 P. (i. e. in tempore, Charis.): commodo de parte superiore descendebat, Sisenn. ib.: commodo dictitemus, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Charis. p. 174; cf. id. ib. p. 177.—
    3.
    commŏdē, adv.
    a.
    (Acc. to commodus, I.) Duly, properly, completely, rightly, well, skilfully, neatly, etc. (class.):

    suo quique loco viden' capillus satis compositu'st commode?

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 97: commode amictus non sum, id. Fragm. ap. Gell. 18, 12, 3:

    saltare, Nep. praef. § 1: legere,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 3; cf. in comp., id. ib. 9, 34, 1:

    multa breviter et commode dicta,

    Cic. Lael. 1, 1; cf. id. de Or. 1, 53, 227; id. Rosc. Am. 4, 9; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 20; 1, 2, 33 al.:

    cogitare,

    id. Heaut. prol. 14:

    audire,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 134:

    valere,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 11:

    feceris commode mihique gratum, si, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 10, 3 fin.:

    commode facere, quod, etc.,

    id. ib. 11, 7, 7; in comp.:

    commodius fecissent tribuni plebis, si, etc.,

    id. Agr. 3, 1, 1.—In medic.:

    commode facere,

    to do well, be beneficial, Cels. 4, 12.—
    b.
    (Acc. to commodus, II.)
    (α).
    Conveniently, suitably, opportunely, fitly, aptly, appropriately:

    magis commode quam strenue navigavi,

    Cic. Att. 16, 6, 1:

    ille satis scite et commode tempus ad te cepit adeundi,

    id. Fam. 11, 16, 1:

    vos istic commodissime sperem esse,

    id. ib. 14, 7, 2:

    explorat, quo commodissime itinere valles transiri possit,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 49 fin.:

    hoc ego commodius quam tu vivo,

    Hor. S. 1, 6, 110; cf.:

    consumere vitiatum commodius quam integrum,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 91; Quint. 6, 3, 54:

    cui commodissime subjungitur,

    id. 9, 3, 82; cf. id. 4, 1, 76.—
    (β).
    In a friendly manner, pleasantly, gently, kindly:

    acceptae bene et commode eximus,

    Plaut. Cas. 5, 1, 1; id. Poen. 1, 2, 190; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 48.—
    c.
    (Equiv. to commodum, adv. b.) Just, just at the moment when, etc.; only v.l. in the doubtful passages cited supra, commodum, b. fin.
    2.
    Commŏdus, i, m., a Roman cognomen; so L. Aelius Aurelius Commodus, Roman emperor, Lampr. Commod. 1 sq.; Eutr. 8, 15 al.—Hence,
    1.
    Commŏdĭā-nus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Commodus: horti, Lampr. Commod. 8:

    thermae,

    Spart. Nigid. 6 al. —
    2.
    Commŏ-dĭus, a, um, adj., the same:

    Nonae,

    Lampr. Commod. 12; cf. id. ib. 11.—
    3.
    Commŏ-dus, a, um, adj., the same: mensis, i. e. August, which Commodus wished to name after himself, Lampr. Commod. 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > commodus

  • 71 conlabor

    col-lābor ( conl-), lapsus (or labsus), 3, v. dep., to fall together, to fall in ruins; esp. of buildings, to fall in, fall from age (in the ante-Aug. period very rare; not in Cic., Hor., or Quint.).
    I.
    Prop., Liv. 35, 9, 3:

    moenia subito collapsa ruinā sunt,

    id. 29, 18, 17; Suet. Aug. 30; id. Claud. 25; id. Calig. 21:

    fastigium domūs collabitur,

    id. Caes. 81:

    qui collapsā jacuere ruinā,

    Sil. 7, 727:

    succisis asseribus collapsus pons,

    Liv. 44, 5, 6. postquam conlapsi cineres, Verg. A. 6, 226:

    eodem anno duodecim celebres Asiae urbes collapsae nocturno motu terrae,

    Tac. A. 2, 47:

    AEDES VETVSTATE COLLAPSA,

    Inscr. Orell. 26.—Of persons, to fall or sink down in a swoon or in death:

    suscipiunt famulae collapsaque membra Marmoreo referunt thalamo,

    Verg. A. 4, 391; 8, 584; Ov. M. 7, 826; 5, 96; 6, 295; Tac. A. 2, 31; Suet. Ner. 42; Curt. 4, 10, 19; 7, 6, 22; 8, 2, 39; Petr. 94; Val. Fl. 7, 152; Stat. Achill. 1, 195; cf.:

    ferro collapsa,

    Verg. A. 4, 664.—
    B.
    Transf.:

    ossa morbo collapsa,

    Verg. G. 3, 485: collapsa tempora, oculi concavi, temples fallen in or sunken, Cels. 2, 6:

    iter urinae senectute collapsum,

    id. 7, 26.—
    II.
    Trop. (very rare):

    in corruptelam suam,

    Plaut. Truc. 3, 2, 3:

    ira in se ipsa collapsa,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 10:

    in fata,

    Cod. Just. 5, 14, 9.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conlabor

  • 72 conripio

    cor-rĭpĭo ( conr-), rĭpŭi, reptum, 3, v. a. [rapio], to seize or snatch up, to collect, to seize upon, take hold of (very freq., and class. in prose and poetry).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    hominem conripi ac suspendi jussit in oleastro,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 57; Caes. B. C. 3, 109; cf. Ov. M. 9, 217 al.:

    arcumque manu celeresque sagittas,

    Verg. A. 1, 188; cf.:

    lora manu,

    Ov. M. 2, 145:

    fasces,

    Sall. C. 18, 5:

    arma,

    Vell. 2, 110 et saep.: corpus, to rise up quickly, start up:

    ex somno,

    Lucr. 3, 164; Verg. A. 4, 572:

    de terrā,

    Lucr. 4, 1000:

    e stratis,

    Verg. A. 3, 176: se, to get or rise up hastily, to betake one's self somewhere, Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 76; Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 5; Verg. A. 6, 472.— Poet.: viam, gradum, spatium, etc., to set out quickly, to pursue hastily, to hasten, hasten through or over:

    viam,

    Verg. A. 1, 418; Ov. M. 2, 158; Plin. Ep. 4, 1, 6:

    gradum,

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 33:

    spatia,

    Verg. A. 5, 316:

    campum,

    id. G. 3, 104:

    aequora,

    Val. Fl. 1, 132 al.:

    correptā luce diei,

    collected, Lucr. 4, 81.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Of robbery, etc., to carry off, rob, plunder, take possession of, usurp:

    pecunias undique quasi in subsidium,

    Tac. A. 13, 18; cf.:

    bona vivorum ac mortuorum usquequaque,

    Suet. Dom. 12:

    pecunias,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 2, 5; Tac. A. 13, 31 fin.:

    sacram effigiem,

    Verg. A. 2, 167:

    praefecturas,

    Tac. A. 11, 8 al. —
    2.
    In Tac. freq. of accusations, to bring to trial, accuse, inform against:

    Vitellius accusatione corripitur, deferente Junio Lupo senatore,

    Tac. A. 12, 42; 2, 28; 3, 49; 6, 40 al.—
    3.
    Of fire, etc., or of diseases, to attack, seize, sweep, or carry away (freq. after the Aug. per.):

    turbine caelesti subito correptus et igni,

    Lucr. 6, 395; cf. Verg. A. 1, 45:

    flamma Corripuit tabulas,

    id. ib. 9, 537; so Ov. M. 2, 210 al.;

    and transf. to the person: ipsas ignes corripuere casas,

    id. F. 2, 524:

    nec singula morbi Corpora corripiunt,

    Verg. G. 3, 472; Cels. 6, 18, 9; Plin. 7, 51, 52, § 172:

    morbo bis inter res agendas correptus est,

    Suet. Caes. 45:

    pedum dolore,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 4;

    rarely of death: subitā morte,

    Flor. 3, 17, 2:

    (ales) caeco correpta veneno,

    Lucr. 6, 823:

    (segetes) modo sol nimius, nimius modo corripit imber,

    Ov. M. 5, 483.— Absol.:

    si (paralytici) correpti non sunt, diutius quidem vivunt, sed, etc.,

    Cels. 3, 47, 4.—
    4.
    With the access. idea of lessening by compressing, to draw together, draw in, contract, shorten, abridge, diminish (rare; mostly post-Aug.): singulos a septenis spatiis ad quina corripuit. Suet. Dom. 4:

    impensas,

    id. Tib. 34;

    of discourse: quae nimium corripientes omnia sequitur obscuritas,

    Quint. 4, 2, 44;

    of words in the number of syllables (trabs from trabes),

    Varr. L. L. 7, § 33 Müll.;

    or in the length of syllables,

    Quint. 9, 4, 89; 10, 1, 29;

    and so of syllables (opp. producere),

    id. 1, 5, 18;

    opp. porrigere,

    id. 1, 6, 32, and later grammarians.—In time:

    numina corripiant moras,

    shorten, Ov. M. 9, 282:

    ut difficiles puerperiorum tricas Juno mulceat corripiatque Lucina?

    Arn. 3, 21.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To reproach, reprove, chide, blame (first freq. after the Aug. per.;

    not in Cic.): hi omnes convicio L. Lentuli consulis correpti exagitabantur,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 2: clamoribus maximis judices corripuerunt, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 2, 1; so with abl., Suet. Aug. 53:

    impransi correptus voce magistri,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 257:

    hunc cetera turba suorum corripiunt dictis,

    Ov. M. 3, 565 al.:

    ut eum non inimice corripere, sed paene patrie monere videatur,

    Quint. 11, 1, 68; Liv. 2, 28, 5; Suet. Calig. 45; Ov. M. 13, 69 al.:

    corripientibus amicis,

    Suet. Ner. 35.—As a figure of speech, Cels. ap. Quint. 9, 2, 104.—
    B.
    Of the passions, emotions, etc., to seize upon, attack (rare, [p. 474] and mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose):

    hunc plausus hiantem... plebisque patrumque Corripuit ( = animum commovit),

    Verg. G. 2, 510:

    correpta cupidine,

    Ov. M. 9, 734; so id. ib. 9, 455:

    duplici ardore (sc. amoris et vini),

    Prop. 1, 3, 13:

    misericordiā,

    Suet. Calig. 12:

    irā,

    Gell. 1, 26, 8: militiā ( poet. for militiae studio), Verg. A. 11, 584:

    imagine visae formae,

    seized, fascinated, Ov. M. 4, 676.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conripio

  • 73 consisto

    con-sisto, stĭti, stĭtum, 3, v. n., to place one's self anywhere, to stand still, stand, halt, stop, make a stop (very freq. and class. in prose and poetry).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    jam hunc non ausim praeterire, quin consistam et conloquar,

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 4, 14:

    otiose nunc jam ilico hic consiste,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 2:

    ubi ad ipsum veni diverticulum, constiti,

    id. Eun. 4, 2, 7; cf. Hor. S. 1, 9, 62:

    uti et viatores consistere cogant,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 5:

    neque is (Demosthenes) consistens in loco, sed inambulans atque ascensu ingrediens arduo,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261:

    si ludius constitit aut tibicen repente conticuit,

    id. Har. Resp. 11, 23; cf. id. Arch. 8, 19:

    plura scribam ad te cum constitero: nunc eram plane in medio mari,

    id. Att. 5, 12, 3: constitit nusquam primo quam ad Vada venit, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 2:

    in quibus oppidis consistere praetores et conventum agere solebant,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 28:

    Romae post praeturam,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 39, §

    101: ire modo ocius, interdum consistere,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 9:

    in muro consistendi potestas erat nulli,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 6:

    omnes ordines, tota in illā contione Italia constitit,

    Cic. Sest. 50, 107:

    ad mensam consistere et ministrare,

    id. Tusc. 5, 21, 61; so,

    ad aras,

    Ov. M. 10, 274:

    ad ramos,

    id. ib. 10, 510:

    ante domum,

    id. ib. 2, 766:

    ante torum,

    id. ib. 15, 653:

    in aede,

    id. ib. 15, 674:

    in medio,

    id. ib. 10, 601; and with a simple abl.:

    limine,

    id. ib. 4, 486; 9, 397; Stat. Th. 1, 123; Verg. A. 1, 541:

    post eum,

    Quint. 1, 10, 27:

    in pedes,

    Sen. Ep. 121, 9:

    calce aliquem super ipsum debere consistere,

    trample on, Cels. 8, 14, 19.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To set, become hard or solid:

    frigore constitit Ister,

    has been frozen, Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 1; cf.

    unda,

    id. M. 9, 662: sanguis, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 38:

    alvus,

    Cato, R. R. 126; 156, 4; cf.:

    cum jam perfecte mustum deferbuit et constitit,

    Col. 12, 21, 3:

    album ex ovo, quo facilius consistat,

    Cels. 4, 20, 15.—
    2.
    Cum aliquo, to station or place one's self with some one for conversation, to stand with:

    in hoc jam loco cum altero Constitit,

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 31; id. Curc. 4, 2, 16 sq.:

    cum hoc consistit, hunc amplexatur,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 7, 19.—
    3.
    To take one's place, take position, assume a place or attitude for an action, etc.;

    of a musician: ut constitit,

    Suet. Ner. 21;

    of an actor: in scaenā vero postquam solus constitit,

    Phaedr. 5, 5, 13;

    of an orator: in communibus suggestis,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 59:

    Aesopus mediā subito in turbā constitit,

    Phaedr. 4, 5, 29;

    for shooting: post acer Mnestheus adducto constitit arcu,

    Verg. A. 5, 507; cf.

    of athletes, etc.,

    id. ib. 5, 426; Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83:

    inter duas acies,

    Liv. 7, 10, 9:

    cum aliquo,

    Petr. 19, 5.—Hence,
    4.
    Milit. t. t., to halt, make a halt, take a position, to make a stand (opp. to a march, flight, or disorder):

    locus, ubi constitissent,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 13:

    qui in superiore acie constiterant,

    id. ib. 1, 24; cf.:

    in sinistrā parte acies,

    id. ib. 2, 23:

    in fluctibus,

    id. ib. 4, 24:

    sub muro,

    id. ib. 7, 48:

    juxta,

    id. ib. 2, 26 al.:

    pro opere,

    Sall. J. 92, 8:

    equites Ariovisti pari intervallo constiterunt,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 43:

    constitit utrumque agmen,

    Liv. 21, 46, 4:

    sic regii constiterant,

    id. 42, 58, 10 et saep.:

    ut reliquae (legiones) consistere non auderent,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 17:

    in locis superioribus consistere,

    id. ib. 3, 6:

    a fugā,

    Liv. 10, 36, 11:

    naves eorum nostris adversae constiterunt,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 14.—
    5.
    Jurid. t. t., to appear as accuser before a court of justice:

    cum debitoribus,

    Dig. 5, 3, 49:

    cum matre,

    Sen. Ira, 2, 7, 3:

    adversus dominos,

    Dig. 5, 1, 53.—
    6.
    Poet.:

    fert animus propius consistere,

    i. e. take a nearer view, Ov. A. A. 3, 467.—
    7.
    To have a stand as a dealer, occupy a place of business:

    ede ubi consistas,

    Juv. 3, 296:

    in tabernā,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 5 Müll.:

    IN SCHOLA,

    Inscr. Orell. 4085; cf.:

    locum consistendi Romanis in Galliā non fore,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 37; 7, 42.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to rest, remain, stand, Lucr. 2, 332; cf. id. 2, 322:

    patiamini eo transire illius turpitudinis infamiam, ubi cetera maleficia consistunt,

    Cic. Clu. 30, 83; cf.:

    ut unde orta culpa esset, ibi poena consisteret,

    Liv. 28, 26, 3:

    ante oculos rectum pietasque pudorque constiterant,

    Ov. M. 7, 73. —
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To pause, to dwell upon, delay, stop:

    in uno nomine,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 38, § 95:

    ipsa mihi veritas manum inicit et paulisper consistere et commorari cogit,

    id. Rosc. Com. 16, 48; cf. id. de Or. 3, 31, 124:

    in singulis,

    id. Part. Or. 35, 120.— Impers. pass.:

    ista quae spectantur, ad quae consistitur,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 4.—
    2.
    (Acc. to I. B. 2.) To be or remain firm, unshaken, immovable, steadfast, to be at rest, to stand one's ground, to continue, endure, subsist, be, exist:

    mente consistere,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 68; so,

    neque mente nec linguā neque ore,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 2:

    praeclare in forensibus causis,

    id. Or. 9, 30:

    in dicendo,

    id. Clu. 39, 108:

    verbo quidem superabis me ipso judice, re autem ne consistes quidem ullo judice,

    id. Caecin. 21, 59; cf.

    of the cause itself: quia magistratus aliquis reperiebatur, apud quem Alfeni causa consisteret,

    id. Quint. 22, 71; cf.

    also: modo ut tibi constiterit fructus otii tui,

    id. Fam. 7, 1, 1:

    in quo (viro) non modo culpa nulla, sed ne suspitio quidem potuit consistere,

    id. Rosc. Am. 52, 152; cf. id. Clu. 29, 78:

    confiteor... me consistere in meo praesidio sic, ut non fugiendi hostis sed capiendi loci causā cessisse videar,

    id. de Or. 2, 72, 294:

    vitam consistere tutam,

    to remain, continue safe, Lucr. 6, 11 Lachm. N. cr.:

    constitit in nullā qui fuit ante color,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 120:

    sunt certi denique fines, Quos ultra citraque nequit consistere rectum,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 107; Plin. 14, 6, 8, § 68:

    quales cum vertice celso Aëriae quercus constiterunt,

    Verg. A. 3, 679:

    nullo in loco, nullā in personā... consistunt (ista quae vires atque opes humanae vocantur),

    Val. Max. 6, 9, ext. 7: spes est hunc miserum aliquando tandem posse consistere, to take a firm stand (the figure derived from fleeing soldiers), Cic. Quint. 30, 94:

    si prohibent consistere vires,

    Ov. M. 7, 573.—
    * 3.
    Cum aliquo, to agree with: videsne igitur Zenonem tuum cum Aristone verbis consistere, re dissidere, cum Aristotele et illis re consentire, verbis discrepare, Cic. Fin. 4, 26, 72.—
    4.
    In gen., to be, exist:

    vix binos oratores laudabiles constitisse,

    Cic. Brut. 97, 333:

    sine agricultoribus nec consistere mortales nec ali posse manifestum est,

    Col. 1, praef. § 6; Varr. R. R. 3, 8 fin.:

    quadringentis centum Venerios non posse casu consistere,

    to occur, lake place, be thrown, Cic. Div. 2, 21, 48: summa studia officii inter nos certatim constiterunt, Lentul. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 3: sed non in te quoque constitit idem Exitus, take or have place, Ov. M. 12, 297.—
    (β).
    With in, ex, or the simple abl. (in Quint. also with circa and inter; v. infra), to consist in or of, to depend upon:

    major pars victūs eorum in lacte, caseo, carne consistit,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 22:

    omnis per se natura duabus Constitit in rebus,

    Lucr. 1, 420:

    e quibus haec rerum summa consistat,

    id. 1, 236; so with ex, id. 1, 839; 1, 873 al.; with abl.:

    deveniunt in talis disposturas, Qualibus haec rerum consistit summa,

    id. 1, 1028; 5, 61; 5, 66:

    vita omnis in venationibus atque in studiis rei militaris consistit,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 21:

    in eo salus et vita optimi cujusque consistit,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 8, 19:

    in hoc summa judicii causaque tota consistit,

    id. Quint. 9, 32; cf. id. de Or. 1, 40, 182:

    causam belli in personā tuā,

    id. Phil. 2, 22, 53:

    in quibus vita beata,

    id. Tusc. 5, 14, 40:

    in unā honestate omne bonum,

    id. ib. 5, 14, 42:

    in nomine controversia,

    Quint. 7, 3, 7; 8, 3, 57:

    in actu rhetoricen,

    id. 2, 18, 2; 6, 3, 42:

    spes omnis consistebat Datami in se locique naturā,

    Nep. Dat. 8, 3.—With abl., Quint. 12, 10, 59:

    omnis quaestio circa res personasque consistere videtur,

    id. 3, 5, 7; 6, 3, 19:

    quaestio inter utile atque honestum consistet,

    id. 3, 8, 24. —
    5.
    As opp. to progressive motion, to come to a stand, stand still, stop, rest, take rest, cease:

    sola Ubi quiesco, omnis familiae causa consistit tibi,

    Plaut. As. 3, 1, 9:

    omnis administratio belli consistit,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 12:

    vel concidat omne caelum omnisque terra consistat necesse est,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 23, 54:

    forensium rerum labor et ambitionis occupatio constitisset,

    id. de Or. 1, 1, 1:

    usura,

    id. Att. 6, 1, 7: diarroia, id. Fam. 7, 26, 2; cf.:

    videndum, morbus an increscat, an consistat, an minuatur,

    remains unchanged, Cels. 3, 2; and:

    cursus pituitae,

    id. 6, 6:

    cum ad Trebiam terrestre constitisset bellum,

    Liv. 21, 49, 1:

    cum bellum Ligustinum ad Pisas constitisset,

    id. 35, 4, 1; 22, 32, 4:

    infractaque constitit ira,

    Ov. M. 6, 627:

    Gaius ejusque posteri in equestri ordine constitere usque ad Augusti patrem,

    Suet. Aug. 2; cf.:

    maledictum, quod intra verba constitit,

    stopped at, went no farther than, Quint. Decl. 279.
    Consisto as v.
    a. = constituo formerly stood Lucr. 6, 11; Sall. J. 49, 6; but these passages are corrected in recent editions. It is now found only Gell. 5, 10, 9, a doubtful passage, where Hertz reads: cum ad judices coniiciendae [consistendae] causae gratiā venissent.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > consisto

  • 74 conspectus

    1.
    conspectus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from conspicio.
    2.
    conspectus, ūs, m. [conspicio], a seeing, looking at, a look, sight, view, the range or reach of sight, the power of sceing (freq., and class. in prose and poetry).
    I.
    Lit.: casurusne in conspectum videatur animus, an tanta sit ejus tenuitas, ut fugiat aciem, Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 50:

    quo longissime conspectum oculi ferebant,

    Liv. 1, 18, 8:

    obscuritas lucis Romanis non adimebat in omnis partes conspectum,

    id. 37, 41, 3:

    conspectu urbis frui,

    Cic. Sull. 9, 26:

    suorum,

    id. Mur. 41, 89: sese dare in conspectum, Enn. Ann. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 41:

    dare se in conspectum alicui,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 31; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 33, § 86; cf.:

    alicui in conspectum prodire,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 3:

    prodire ad aliquem in conspectum,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 84; id. Most. 5, 2, 33:

    paene in conspectu exercitūs nostri,

    before the eyes, Caes. B. G. 1, 11:

    illam e conspectu amisi meo,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 2:

    venire in conspectum alicujus,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 24; Nep. Con. 3, 3 al.:

    fugere e conspectu alicujus,

    Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 107; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 88:

    ex hominum conspectu morte decedere,

    Nep. Timol. 1, 6:

    fugare aliquem e conspectu,

    Lucr. 3, 49:

    conspectum fugere,

    Ov. M. 2, 594.—
    2.
    Pregn., public attention, notice:

    subito consilium cepi ut ante quam luceret exirem, ne qui conspectus fieret aut sermo,

    Cic. Att. 7, 10 init.
    II.
    Meton.
    A.
    Presence, proximity (very freq.; in many connections coinciding with the foregoing, as the phrase venire in conspectum can be translated to come before the eyes or to come near; so also e conspectu fugere, etc.).
    1.
    Of persons:

    etsi scio, eis fore meum conspectum invisum hodie,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 22:

    (tibi) cujus prope in conspectu Aegyptus est,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5; so, in conspectu, in the presence or vicinity, before the eyes, before the face of, in sight, id. Agr. 1, 3, 7; Caes. B. G. 2, 25 fin.; Liv. 1, 31, 2; Verg. A. 1, 184.—
    2.
    Of inanimate things:

    quercus, quae est in oppidi conspectu,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6:

    procul a conspectu imperii,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87: spectet patriam;

    in conspectu legum libertatisque moriatur,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 66, § 170.—
    B.
    Appearance (cf. adspectus;

    very rare): videamus animi partis, quarum est conspectus inlustrior,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 48 Madv. ad loc.:

    Hieronymus... primo statim aspectu omnia quam disparia essent ostendit,

    i. e. at the first view the public had of him, Liv. 24, 5, 2; 6, 8, 6.—
    III.
    Trop., the mental view, glance, survey, consideration (rare, but in good prose):

    quae ponunt in conspectu animi, quae cernere et videre non possumus,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 161:

    et cognitio naturae,

    id. Leg. 1, 23, 61:

    uno in conspectu omnia videre,

    id. Brut. 4, 15; id. Leg. 3, 5, 12; Quint. 10, 1, 6; 7, 1, 4; Liv. 10, 25, 12:

    ut ea ne in conspectu quidem relinquantur,

    never come into consideration, are scarcely observed, Cic. Fin. 5, 31, 93.—
    B.
    In Gellius concr., like the Gr. sunopsis, a short view, sketch, synopsis, Gell. 17, 21, 2; 19, 10, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conspectus

  • 75 conspirati

    1.
    con-spīro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n., to blow or breathe together, to sound together.
    * I.
    Lit.:

    aereaque adsensu conspirant cornua rauco,

    Verg. A. 7, 615 (et tubae simul inflabantur, Serv.).—Far more freq. and in good prose,
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To harmonize, agree, accord: conspirans mutuus ardor, * Lucr. 4, 1216; cf.:

    tanta rerum consentiens, conspirans, continuata cognatio,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 19; 3, 11, 28:

    consilium omnis vitae consentiens et paene conspirans,

    id. Tusc. 5, 25, 72; id. Lig. 12, 34; Col. 3, 13, 7: in quibus (operibus) plurium conatus, praeeunte aliquā jucundā voce, conspirat, * Quint. 1, 10, 16:

    talis... animus, ut multae in illo artes... multarum aetatum exempla, sed in unum conspirata,

    harmoniously blending, Sen. Ep. 84, 10.—
    B.
    To agree together in thought or feeling, to accord, unite, combine.
    1.
    In a good sense:

    conligite vos, conspirate nobiscum, consentite cum bonis,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 26:

    mirabiliter populus Romanus universus et omnium generum ordinumque consensus ad liberandam rem publicam conspiravit,

    id. Fam. 10, 12, 4; cf. id. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Col. 3, 13, 7.— Impers.: in commune conspirabatur ab utroque (Cic. Oecon.?) 12 praef. § 8. —
    b.
    Part.: conspiratus, mid., having agreed, combined; acting in concert:

    milites legionis VIII. subito conspirati pila conjecerunt,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 46 Kraner ad loc.—
    2.
    In a bad sense, to plot together, to enter into a conspiracy, to conspire (so freq. in the histt. after the Aug. per., esp. in Suet.).
    (α).
    Absol.: priusquam plures civitates conspirarent, Caes. B. G. 3, 10 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 46; Suet. Caes. 9; id. Galb. 10.—
    (β).
    With in and acc.:

    in injuriam,

    Liv. 3, 36, 9; 3, 56, 12:

    in caedem alicujus,

    Tac. A. 15, 68:

    in necem,

    Just. 16, 5, 12:

    in destinatam mortem,

    id. 20, 3, 4:

    in facinus,

    Dig. 49, 16, 3, § 21:

    in Augustum,

    Suet. Tib. 8.—Cf. impers.:

    conspiratum est in eum a sexaginta amplius,

    Suet. Caes. 80. —
    * (γ).
    With ad:

    ad res novas,

    Suet. Claud. 13.—
    * (δ).
    With ut:

    ut Senatum adorirentur,

    Suet. Caes. 9.—
    * (ε).
    With ne:

    conspirasse corporis partes, ne manus ad os cibum ferrent,

    Liv. 2, 32, 10.—
    * (ζ).
    With inf.:

    perdere aliquem,

    Suet. Claud. 37.—
    b.
    Part.: conspīrātus, a, um, having conspired, having entered into a conspiracy:

    his conspiratis factionum partibus,

    Phaedr. 1, 2, 4. —And subst.: conspīrāti, ōrum, m., like conjurati, the conspirators, Suet. Caes. 82; id. Galb. 19; id. Dom. 17; id. Ner. 43.— Hence, * conspīrātē, adv., with one accord, unanimously; in comp.:

    conspiratius ad arma concurrere,

    Just. 3, 5, 3.
    2.
    con-spīro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [spira], to coil up (very rare):

    anguis se conspiravit,

    Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 22.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conspirati

  • 76 conspiro

    1.
    con-spīro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n., to blow or breathe together, to sound together.
    * I.
    Lit.:

    aereaque adsensu conspirant cornua rauco,

    Verg. A. 7, 615 (et tubae simul inflabantur, Serv.).—Far more freq. and in good prose,
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To harmonize, agree, accord: conspirans mutuus ardor, * Lucr. 4, 1216; cf.:

    tanta rerum consentiens, conspirans, continuata cognatio,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 19; 3, 11, 28:

    consilium omnis vitae consentiens et paene conspirans,

    id. Tusc. 5, 25, 72; id. Lig. 12, 34; Col. 3, 13, 7: in quibus (operibus) plurium conatus, praeeunte aliquā jucundā voce, conspirat, * Quint. 1, 10, 16:

    talis... animus, ut multae in illo artes... multarum aetatum exempla, sed in unum conspirata,

    harmoniously blending, Sen. Ep. 84, 10.—
    B.
    To agree together in thought or feeling, to accord, unite, combine.
    1.
    In a good sense:

    conligite vos, conspirate nobiscum, consentite cum bonis,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 26:

    mirabiliter populus Romanus universus et omnium generum ordinumque consensus ad liberandam rem publicam conspiravit,

    id. Fam. 10, 12, 4; cf. id. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Col. 3, 13, 7.— Impers.: in commune conspirabatur ab utroque (Cic. Oecon.?) 12 praef. § 8. —
    b.
    Part.: conspiratus, mid., having agreed, combined; acting in concert:

    milites legionis VIII. subito conspirati pila conjecerunt,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 46 Kraner ad loc.—
    2.
    In a bad sense, to plot together, to enter into a conspiracy, to conspire (so freq. in the histt. after the Aug. per., esp. in Suet.).
    (α).
    Absol.: priusquam plures civitates conspirarent, Caes. B. G. 3, 10 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 46; Suet. Caes. 9; id. Galb. 10.—
    (β).
    With in and acc.:

    in injuriam,

    Liv. 3, 36, 9; 3, 56, 12:

    in caedem alicujus,

    Tac. A. 15, 68:

    in necem,

    Just. 16, 5, 12:

    in destinatam mortem,

    id. 20, 3, 4:

    in facinus,

    Dig. 49, 16, 3, § 21:

    in Augustum,

    Suet. Tib. 8.—Cf. impers.:

    conspiratum est in eum a sexaginta amplius,

    Suet. Caes. 80. —
    * (γ).
    With ad:

    ad res novas,

    Suet. Claud. 13.—
    * (δ).
    With ut:

    ut Senatum adorirentur,

    Suet. Caes. 9.—
    * (ε).
    With ne:

    conspirasse corporis partes, ne manus ad os cibum ferrent,

    Liv. 2, 32, 10.—
    * (ζ).
    With inf.:

    perdere aliquem,

    Suet. Claud. 37.—
    b.
    Part.: conspīrātus, a, um, having conspired, having entered into a conspiracy:

    his conspiratis factionum partibus,

    Phaedr. 1, 2, 4. —And subst.: conspīrāti, ōrum, m., like conjurati, the conspirators, Suet. Caes. 82; id. Galb. 19; id. Dom. 17; id. Ner. 43.— Hence, * conspīrātē, adv., with one accord, unanimously; in comp.:

    conspiratius ad arma concurrere,

    Just. 3, 5, 3.
    2.
    con-spīro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [spira], to coil up (very rare):

    anguis se conspiravit,

    Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 22.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conspiro

  • 77 conterreo

    con-terrĕo, ŭi, ĭtum, 2, v. a., to terrify greatly, to frighten (not freq. before the Aug. per.; esp. freq. in Livy); constr. with abl. or absol.
    (α).
    With abl.: pectora vulgi metu, * Lucr. 2, 623: loquacitatem nostram vultu ipso aspectuque, * Cic. de Or. 1, 49, 214; cf. Verg. A. 3, 597:

    cervum subito vocibus venantum,

    Phaedr. 1, 12, 7:

    atrox ingenium eo facto (opp. accendere),

    Liv. 3, 11, 9; cf.:

    animos eā re (opp. irritare),

    id. 40, 39, 2:

    eos seditioso clamore,

    id. 2, 39, 9:

    periculo,

    id. 2, 12, 12:

    atrocitate poenae,

    Suet. Dom. 11.—
    (β).
    Without abl.:

    qui praeter Nioben unam conterruit omnes,

    Ov. M. 6, 287:

    insolitos ejus tumultus equos,

    Liv. 10, 28, 9:

    major solito apparatus praecipue conterruit Campanos, ne ab obsidione Capuae bellum ejus anni Romani inciperent,

    id. 24, 12, 1; Suet. Ner. 6; 49 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conterreo

  • 78 contingo

    1.
    con-tingo, tĭgi, tactum, 3, v. a. and n. [tango], to touch on all sides. to touch, take hold of, seize (very freq. in all periods and species of composition).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    facile cibum terrestrem rostris,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 122:

    funem manu,

    Verg. A. 2, 239; cf. Ov. M. 2, 151:

    munera Cerealia dextrā,

    id. ib. 11, 122:

    undas pede,

    id. ib. 2, 457:

    focos ore tremente,

    id. Tr. 1, 3, 44:

    terram osculo,

    Liv. 1, 56, 12:

    ora nati sacro medicamine,

    Ov. M. 2, 123; cf. id. ib. 14, 607:

    montes suo igni (sol),

    Lucr. 4, 407; cf. Cat. 64, 408, and Suet. Ner. 6:

    cibos sale modico,

    to sprinkle, Cels. 2, 24: sidera comā ( poet. designation for a very great height), Ov. F. 3, 34; cf.:

    nubes aërio vertice (Taurus),

    Tib. 1, 7, 15: summa sidera plantis, to reach the stars (a poet. designation of great prosperity), Prop. 1, 8, 43:

    mitem taurum,

    Ov. M. 2, 860; cf. id. ib. 8, 423:

    glebam,

    id. ib. 11, 111:

    paene terram (luna),

    Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91:

    caules (vitis),

    id. N. D. 2, 47, 120:

    dextras consulum (as a friendly greeting or congratulation),

    Liv. 28, 9, 6; so,

    manum,

    Vell. 2, 104, 5; 2, 107, 4.—
    B.
    With partic. access. ideas.
    1.
    To eat, partake of, taste ( poet.):

    neque illinc Audeat esuriens dominus contingere granum,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 113:

    cibos ore,

    Ov. M. 5, 531:

    aquas,

    id. ib. 15, 281:

    fontem,

    id. ib. 3, 409.—
    2.
    To touch impurely (very rare):

    corpus corpore,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 204.—
    3.
    To touch, i. e. to be near, neighboring, or contiguous, to border upon, to reach, extend to; with acc., dat., or inter se; with acc.:

    Helvi, qui fines Arvernorum contingunt,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 7 fin.:

    turri adactā et contingente vallum,

    id. ib. 5, 43; cf.:

    in saltu Vescino Falernum contingente agrum,

    Liv. 10, 21, 8:

    praesidium coloniarum Illyricum contingentium,

    Suet. Aug. 25. —With dat.:

    ut radices montis ex utrāque parte ripae fluminis contingant,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 38.—With inter se:

    ut (milites) contingant inter se atque omnem munitionem expleant,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 21; cf. id. B. G. 7, 23.—
    4.
    With the idea of motion, to reach something by moving, to attain to, reach, come to, arrive at, meet with, etc. (mostly poet.); with acc.:

    optatam metam cursu,

    Hor. A. P. 412:

    Ephyren pennis,

    Ov. M. 7, 392:

    Italiam,

    Verg. A. 5, 18:

    fines Illyricos,

    Ov. M. 4, 568:

    Creten,

    id. ib. 8, 100:

    Cadmeïda arcem,

    id. ib. 6, 217:

    rapidas Phasidos undas,

    id. ib. 7, 6:

    auras,

    to come into the air, id. ib. 15, 416 al.:

    avem ferro,

    to hit, Verg. A. 5, 509; cf. Ov M. 8, 351: ullum mortalem (vox mea), id. id. 2, 578; cf.

    thus aures,

    id. ib. 1, 211; and aures fando, with the acc. and inf., id. ib. 15, 497: aevi florem, to come to or reach the flower of age, Lucr. 1, 565.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to touch, to seize upon, affect (rare). multitudo agrestium, quos in aliquā suā fortunā publica quoque contingebat cura, Liv. 22, 10, 8:

    contactus nullis ante cupidinibus,

    Prop. 1, 1, 2:

    quam me manifesta libido contigit!

    Ov. M. 9, 484: animum curā. Val. Fl. 7, 173; cf.:

    aliquem (curā), contacti simili sorte,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 78. —Far more freq.,
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    (Acc. to I. B. 2.) To touch with pollution, to pollute, stain, defile, etc.; so generally in part. perf. (as a verb. finit. the kindr. contamino was in use):

    (Gallos) contactos eo scelere velut injectā rabie ad arma ituros,

    Liv. 21, 48, 3; so,

    contacta civitas rabie duorum juvenum,

    id. 4, 9, 10:

    omnes eā violatione templi,

    id. 29, 8, 11 (for which id. 29, 18, 8:

    nefandà praedā se ipsos ac domos contaminare suas): plebs regiā praedā,

    id. 2, 5, 2; cf. id. 4, 15, 8:

    equi candidi et nullo mortali opere contacti,

    Tac. G. 10: dies (sc. Alliensis) religione, [p. 450] Liv. 6, 28, 6:

    pectora vitiis,

    Tac. Or. 12.—Once absol.:

    contactus ensis,

    Sen. Hippol. 714.—
    2.
    (Acc. to I. B. 3.) With aliquem aliquā re or only aliquem, to be connected with or related to, to concern:

    ut quisque tam foede interemptos aut propinquitate aut amicitiā contingebat,

    Liv. 25, 8, 2:

    aliquem sanguine ac genere,

    id. 45, 7, 3; 24, 22, 14:

    aliquem artissimo gradu,

    Suet. Aug. 4:

    domum Caesarum nullo gradu,

    id. Galb. 2; cf. absol.:

    deos (i. e. Maecenatem et Augustum) quoniam propius contingis,

    have more ready access to the great, Hor. S. 2, 6, 52:

    Sabinum modico usu,

    to have little intercourse with, Tac. A. 4, 68:

    multis in Italiā contactis gentibus Punici belli societate,

    Liv. 31, 8, 11; cf.:

    si crĭmine contingantur,

    have part in, Dig. 11, 4, 1:

    haec consultatio Romanos nihil contingit,

    concerns not, Liv. 34, 22, 12; cf.:

    quae (causa) nihil eo facto contingitur,

    id. 40, 14, 9.—
    3.
    (Acc. to I. B. 4.) To attain to, reach, arrive at something, to come to (very rare):

    quam regionem cum superavit animus naturamque sui similem contigit et agnovit,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43.—
    b.
    With and without dat. of person; of occurrences, to happen to one, to befall, fall to one's lot, to succeed in, obtain a thing; and absol., to happen, fall to, turn out, come to pass (so most freq. in all perr. and species of composition; in gen., of favorable, but sometimes of indifferent, or even adverse occurrences).
    (α).
    With dat.:

    cui tam subito tot contigerint commoda,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 3:

    haec tot propter me gaudia illi contigisse laetor,

    id. Hec. 5, 3, 35:

    quod isti (Crasso) contigit uni,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 56, 228; 1, 35, 164; id. Off. 1, 43, 153; id. Fam. 5, 21, 1; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 1; Caes. B. G. 1, 43; Quint. 10, 1, 115; 12, 11, 29; Suet. Caes. 35; id. Calig. 3, 10 et saep.; Ov. M. 3, 321; 11, 268; 15, 443; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 46; 1, 4, 10; 1, 17, 9 et saep.:

    cum tanto plura bene dicendi exempla supersint quam illis contigerunt,

    Quint. 10, 2, 28: quam mihi maxime hic hodie contigerit malum, Enn. ap. Non. p. 268, 12:

    quod (sc. servitus) potentibus populis saepe contigit,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 15; id. Cat. 1, 7, 16:

    cum miseri animi essent, quod plerisque contingeret,

    id. N. D. 1, 11, 27; id. Phil. 14, 8, 24; id. Fam. 5, 16, 5; id. Sen. 19, 71; id. Off. 2, 14, 50; 2, 19, 65; id. Fam. 11, 16, 2 al.: quoties ipsi testatori aliquid contingit, a misfortune befalls, etc., Dig. 28, 3, 6:

    si quid ei humanitus contigerit,

    ib. 34, 4, 30 fin. (cf. ib. § 2: sive in viā aliquid mihi humanitus acciderit, and v. 2. accido, II. B.).— Impers. with inf.:

    non cuivis homini contingit adire Corinthum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 36:

    mihi Romae nutriri atque doceri,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 41:

    mihi recusare principatum,

    Vell. 2, 124, 2:

    mihi cognoscere (eos),

    Quint. 12, 11, 3; 1, 1, 11; 5, 7, 25; 6, 1, 4 al.—And, at the same time, a dat. of the predicate (post-class. and rare):

    quo tempore mihi fratrique meo destinari praetoribus contigit,

    Vell. 2, 124, 4:

    maximo tibi et civi et duci evadere contigit,

    Val. Max. 5, 4, ext. 2 (in Ov. M. 11, 220, the better read. is nepotem); cf. Haase in Reisig. Lect. p. 794 sq.—With ut:

    volo hoc oratori contingat, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Brut. 84, 290; id. Off. 1, 1, 3; id. Phil. 5, 18, 49; Quint. 11, 2, 51 al. —
    (β).
    With acc. (very rare):

    sors Tyrrhenum contigit,

    fell upon Tyrrhenus, Vell. 1, 1 fin.:

    Italiam palma frugum,

    Plin. 18, 11, 29, § 109.—
    (γ).
    Absol. (very freq.):

    hanc mi expetivi, contigit,

    Ter. And. 4, 2, 13:

    magis adeo id facilitate quam aliā ullā culpā meā contigit,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15:

    quod si nulla contingit excusatio,

    Quint. 11, 1, 81:

    ubi quid melius contingit et unctius,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 44 et saep.—With abl.:

    quia memoria atque actio naturā non arte contingant,

    Quint. 3, 3, 4; so id. 1, 1, 33; 2, 2, 11 al.—With ex:

    gratia, quae continget ex sermone puro atque dilucido,

    Quint. 11, 1, 53; so id. 8, 3, 70:

    ex eādem brassicā contingunt aestivi autumnalesque cauliculi,

    arise, spring, Plin. 19, 8, 41, § 138 al.:

    nihil horum nisi in complexu loquendi serieque contingit,

    Quint. 1, 5, 3.—With inf.:

    fingere cinctutis non exaudita Cethegis Continget,

    Hor. A. P. 51; Quint. 1, 1, 11; 5, 7, 25:

    concitare invidiam, etc.... liberius in peroratione contingit,

    id. 6, 1, 14.—With ut:

    quod nunquam opinatus fui... id contigit, ut salvi poteremur domi,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 32; so Quint. 4, 1, 7; 9, 3, 72; 11, 2, 39.
    2.
    con-tingo ( - tinguo), ĕre, v. a., to wet, moisten (perh. only in Lucr. and Verg.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    oras, pocula circum mellis liquore,

    Lucr. 1, 938:

    semina rerum colore,

    id. 2, 755:

    lac parco sale,

    to sprinkle, Verg. G. 3, 403:

    tonsum corpus amurcā,

    id. ib. 3, 448. —
    II.
    Trop.:

    musaeo contingens cuncta lepore,

    Lucr. 1, 934 and 947; 4, 9 and 22.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contingo

  • 79 continguo

    1.
    con-tingo, tĭgi, tactum, 3, v. a. and n. [tango], to touch on all sides. to touch, take hold of, seize (very freq. in all periods and species of composition).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    facile cibum terrestrem rostris,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 122:

    funem manu,

    Verg. A. 2, 239; cf. Ov. M. 2, 151:

    munera Cerealia dextrā,

    id. ib. 11, 122:

    undas pede,

    id. ib. 2, 457:

    focos ore tremente,

    id. Tr. 1, 3, 44:

    terram osculo,

    Liv. 1, 56, 12:

    ora nati sacro medicamine,

    Ov. M. 2, 123; cf. id. ib. 14, 607:

    montes suo igni (sol),

    Lucr. 4, 407; cf. Cat. 64, 408, and Suet. Ner. 6:

    cibos sale modico,

    to sprinkle, Cels. 2, 24: sidera comā ( poet. designation for a very great height), Ov. F. 3, 34; cf.:

    nubes aërio vertice (Taurus),

    Tib. 1, 7, 15: summa sidera plantis, to reach the stars (a poet. designation of great prosperity), Prop. 1, 8, 43:

    mitem taurum,

    Ov. M. 2, 860; cf. id. ib. 8, 423:

    glebam,

    id. ib. 11, 111:

    paene terram (luna),

    Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91:

    caules (vitis),

    id. N. D. 2, 47, 120:

    dextras consulum (as a friendly greeting or congratulation),

    Liv. 28, 9, 6; so,

    manum,

    Vell. 2, 104, 5; 2, 107, 4.—
    B.
    With partic. access. ideas.
    1.
    To eat, partake of, taste ( poet.):

    neque illinc Audeat esuriens dominus contingere granum,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 113:

    cibos ore,

    Ov. M. 5, 531:

    aquas,

    id. ib. 15, 281:

    fontem,

    id. ib. 3, 409.—
    2.
    To touch impurely (very rare):

    corpus corpore,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 204.—
    3.
    To touch, i. e. to be near, neighboring, or contiguous, to border upon, to reach, extend to; with acc., dat., or inter se; with acc.:

    Helvi, qui fines Arvernorum contingunt,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 7 fin.:

    turri adactā et contingente vallum,

    id. ib. 5, 43; cf.:

    in saltu Vescino Falernum contingente agrum,

    Liv. 10, 21, 8:

    praesidium coloniarum Illyricum contingentium,

    Suet. Aug. 25. —With dat.:

    ut radices montis ex utrāque parte ripae fluminis contingant,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 38.—With inter se:

    ut (milites) contingant inter se atque omnem munitionem expleant,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 21; cf. id. B. G. 7, 23.—
    4.
    With the idea of motion, to reach something by moving, to attain to, reach, come to, arrive at, meet with, etc. (mostly poet.); with acc.:

    optatam metam cursu,

    Hor. A. P. 412:

    Ephyren pennis,

    Ov. M. 7, 392:

    Italiam,

    Verg. A. 5, 18:

    fines Illyricos,

    Ov. M. 4, 568:

    Creten,

    id. ib. 8, 100:

    Cadmeïda arcem,

    id. ib. 6, 217:

    rapidas Phasidos undas,

    id. ib. 7, 6:

    auras,

    to come into the air, id. ib. 15, 416 al.:

    avem ferro,

    to hit, Verg. A. 5, 509; cf. Ov M. 8, 351: ullum mortalem (vox mea), id. id. 2, 578; cf.

    thus aures,

    id. ib. 1, 211; and aures fando, with the acc. and inf., id. ib. 15, 497: aevi florem, to come to or reach the flower of age, Lucr. 1, 565.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to touch, to seize upon, affect (rare). multitudo agrestium, quos in aliquā suā fortunā publica quoque contingebat cura, Liv. 22, 10, 8:

    contactus nullis ante cupidinibus,

    Prop. 1, 1, 2:

    quam me manifesta libido contigit!

    Ov. M. 9, 484: animum curā. Val. Fl. 7, 173; cf.:

    aliquem (curā), contacti simili sorte,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 78. —Far more freq.,
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    (Acc. to I. B. 2.) To touch with pollution, to pollute, stain, defile, etc.; so generally in part. perf. (as a verb. finit. the kindr. contamino was in use):

    (Gallos) contactos eo scelere velut injectā rabie ad arma ituros,

    Liv. 21, 48, 3; so,

    contacta civitas rabie duorum juvenum,

    id. 4, 9, 10:

    omnes eā violatione templi,

    id. 29, 8, 11 (for which id. 29, 18, 8:

    nefandà praedā se ipsos ac domos contaminare suas): plebs regiā praedā,

    id. 2, 5, 2; cf. id. 4, 15, 8:

    equi candidi et nullo mortali opere contacti,

    Tac. G. 10: dies (sc. Alliensis) religione, [p. 450] Liv. 6, 28, 6:

    pectora vitiis,

    Tac. Or. 12.—Once absol.:

    contactus ensis,

    Sen. Hippol. 714.—
    2.
    (Acc. to I. B. 3.) With aliquem aliquā re or only aliquem, to be connected with or related to, to concern:

    ut quisque tam foede interemptos aut propinquitate aut amicitiā contingebat,

    Liv. 25, 8, 2:

    aliquem sanguine ac genere,

    id. 45, 7, 3; 24, 22, 14:

    aliquem artissimo gradu,

    Suet. Aug. 4:

    domum Caesarum nullo gradu,

    id. Galb. 2; cf. absol.:

    deos (i. e. Maecenatem et Augustum) quoniam propius contingis,

    have more ready access to the great, Hor. S. 2, 6, 52:

    Sabinum modico usu,

    to have little intercourse with, Tac. A. 4, 68:

    multis in Italiā contactis gentibus Punici belli societate,

    Liv. 31, 8, 11; cf.:

    si crĭmine contingantur,

    have part in, Dig. 11, 4, 1:

    haec consultatio Romanos nihil contingit,

    concerns not, Liv. 34, 22, 12; cf.:

    quae (causa) nihil eo facto contingitur,

    id. 40, 14, 9.—
    3.
    (Acc. to I. B. 4.) To attain to, reach, arrive at something, to come to (very rare):

    quam regionem cum superavit animus naturamque sui similem contigit et agnovit,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43.—
    b.
    With and without dat. of person; of occurrences, to happen to one, to befall, fall to one's lot, to succeed in, obtain a thing; and absol., to happen, fall to, turn out, come to pass (so most freq. in all perr. and species of composition; in gen., of favorable, but sometimes of indifferent, or even adverse occurrences).
    (α).
    With dat.:

    cui tam subito tot contigerint commoda,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 3:

    haec tot propter me gaudia illi contigisse laetor,

    id. Hec. 5, 3, 35:

    quod isti (Crasso) contigit uni,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 56, 228; 1, 35, 164; id. Off. 1, 43, 153; id. Fam. 5, 21, 1; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 1; Caes. B. G. 1, 43; Quint. 10, 1, 115; 12, 11, 29; Suet. Caes. 35; id. Calig. 3, 10 et saep.; Ov. M. 3, 321; 11, 268; 15, 443; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 46; 1, 4, 10; 1, 17, 9 et saep.:

    cum tanto plura bene dicendi exempla supersint quam illis contigerunt,

    Quint. 10, 2, 28: quam mihi maxime hic hodie contigerit malum, Enn. ap. Non. p. 268, 12:

    quod (sc. servitus) potentibus populis saepe contigit,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 15; id. Cat. 1, 7, 16:

    cum miseri animi essent, quod plerisque contingeret,

    id. N. D. 1, 11, 27; id. Phil. 14, 8, 24; id. Fam. 5, 16, 5; id. Sen. 19, 71; id. Off. 2, 14, 50; 2, 19, 65; id. Fam. 11, 16, 2 al.: quoties ipsi testatori aliquid contingit, a misfortune befalls, etc., Dig. 28, 3, 6:

    si quid ei humanitus contigerit,

    ib. 34, 4, 30 fin. (cf. ib. § 2: sive in viā aliquid mihi humanitus acciderit, and v. 2. accido, II. B.).— Impers. with inf.:

    non cuivis homini contingit adire Corinthum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 36:

    mihi Romae nutriri atque doceri,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 41:

    mihi recusare principatum,

    Vell. 2, 124, 2:

    mihi cognoscere (eos),

    Quint. 12, 11, 3; 1, 1, 11; 5, 7, 25; 6, 1, 4 al.—And, at the same time, a dat. of the predicate (post-class. and rare):

    quo tempore mihi fratrique meo destinari praetoribus contigit,

    Vell. 2, 124, 4:

    maximo tibi et civi et duci evadere contigit,

    Val. Max. 5, 4, ext. 2 (in Ov. M. 11, 220, the better read. is nepotem); cf. Haase in Reisig. Lect. p. 794 sq.—With ut:

    volo hoc oratori contingat, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Brut. 84, 290; id. Off. 1, 1, 3; id. Phil. 5, 18, 49; Quint. 11, 2, 51 al. —
    (β).
    With acc. (very rare):

    sors Tyrrhenum contigit,

    fell upon Tyrrhenus, Vell. 1, 1 fin.:

    Italiam palma frugum,

    Plin. 18, 11, 29, § 109.—
    (γ).
    Absol. (very freq.):

    hanc mi expetivi, contigit,

    Ter. And. 4, 2, 13:

    magis adeo id facilitate quam aliā ullā culpā meā contigit,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15:

    quod si nulla contingit excusatio,

    Quint. 11, 1, 81:

    ubi quid melius contingit et unctius,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 44 et saep.—With abl.:

    quia memoria atque actio naturā non arte contingant,

    Quint. 3, 3, 4; so id. 1, 1, 33; 2, 2, 11 al.—With ex:

    gratia, quae continget ex sermone puro atque dilucido,

    Quint. 11, 1, 53; so id. 8, 3, 70:

    ex eādem brassicā contingunt aestivi autumnalesque cauliculi,

    arise, spring, Plin. 19, 8, 41, § 138 al.:

    nihil horum nisi in complexu loquendi serieque contingit,

    Quint. 1, 5, 3.—With inf.:

    fingere cinctutis non exaudita Cethegis Continget,

    Hor. A. P. 51; Quint. 1, 1, 11; 5, 7, 25:

    concitare invidiam, etc.... liberius in peroratione contingit,

    id. 6, 1, 14.—With ut:

    quod nunquam opinatus fui... id contigit, ut salvi poteremur domi,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 32; so Quint. 4, 1, 7; 9, 3, 72; 11, 2, 39.
    2.
    con-tingo ( - tinguo), ĕre, v. a., to wet, moisten (perh. only in Lucr. and Verg.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    oras, pocula circum mellis liquore,

    Lucr. 1, 938:

    semina rerum colore,

    id. 2, 755:

    lac parco sale,

    to sprinkle, Verg. G. 3, 403:

    tonsum corpus amurcā,

    id. ib. 3, 448. —
    II.
    Trop.:

    musaeo contingens cuncta lepore,

    Lucr. 1, 934 and 947; 4, 9 and 22.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > continguo

  • 80 contra

    contrā, adv. and prep. [stem con, i. e. cum, through a comparative form conter; cf.: alter, uter, inter, praeter, etc.; in abl. fem. form like the locative adverbs ea, qua, etc.; cf.: ultra, intra, extra, citra], orig., in comparison with; hence, over against, fronting, in front, opposite, in opposition to, against, contrary to, opposed to, etc.
    I.
    Adv. (referring to an opposed object often with the force of a preposition with ellipsis of a pronoun, = against it, against him, etc.).
    A.
    Local.
    1.
    Lit., of position in front of a person, place, or thing.
    a.
    With verb of being or position expressed or understood.
    (α).
    Referring to living beings, opposite, in face of, face to face, facing, in front of, fronting, confronting (not in Cic., Caes., or Sall.):

    feminam scelestam te, adstans contra, contuor,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 26:

    ut confidenter mihi contra adstitit,

    id. Capt. 3, 5, 6; Lucr. 4, 223; 6, 929:

    signum contra, quoad longissume oculi ferebant, animo finivit,

    Liv. 1, 18, 8:

    stat contra starique jubet,

    Juv. 3, 290:

    stat contra dicitque tibi tua pagina Fures!

    Mart. 1, 55, 12:

    ulmus erat contra,

    in front of her, Ov. M. 14, 661:

    templa vides contra,

    in front (of us), id. ib. 7, 587.—Of position in front of the enemy:

    contra conserta manu,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 3: contra consistere, to make front against them, Caes. B. G. 2, 17.—
    (β).
    Referring to things and places, over against (it), opposite (to it), on the opposite side (mostly post-Aug.):

    contra jacet Cancer patulam distentus in alvum,

    Manil. 2, 253:

    posita contra Hispania,

    Tac. Agr. 11:

    promuntorium quod contra procedit,

    Plin. 4, 2, 3, § 6: relinquendae autem contra erunt vacuae tabellae, on the opposite side, i. e. of the leaf, Quint. 10, 3, 32: illo quaerente cur non decidant contra siti, the antipodes (cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; v. II. A. 1. c. a), Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161.—With the governing verb understood:

    arguam hanc vidisse apud te contra conservum meum,

    face to face, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 91:

    jam omnia contra circaque hostium plena erant, Liv 5, 37, 8: eadem verba contra (i. e. ponuntur),

    side by side, Quint. 9, 3, 36; Verg. A. 6, 23.—
    b.
    With verbs of motion, so as to be opposite to an object or face to face with a person, variously rendered.
    (α).
    Referring to persons:

    accede ad me atque adi contra,

    come right up to me, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 23; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 6: hostes crebri cadunt; nostri contra ingruunt, advance to their front (in Plaut. hostility is not implied in contra), id. Am. 1, 1, 84: quis nos pater aut cognatu' volet contra tueri, face to face, eye to eye, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 12 Mull. (Trag. Rel. v. 444 Rib.); Att. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 55 (Trag. Rel. v. 538 ib.):

    adspicedum contra me = contra adspice me,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 56 Lorenz ad lec.:

    contra adspicere,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 45:

    contra intueri,

    Liv. 1, 16, 6; 9, 6, 8; Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 6:

    cum veniret contra Marcianus,

    Quint. 6, 3, 95; Plin. 9, 46, 70, § 152.—
    (β).
    Of things:

    hic ubi sol radiis... Adversa fulsit nimborum aspergine contra,

    Lucr. 6, 525; Cels. 8, 8, 1:

    quam (turrim) promoti contra validi asseres... perfregere,

    Tac. H. 4, 30.—Reciprocally: oscula non pervenientia contra, not coming through (the wall) so as to meet, Ov. M. 4, 80.—
    2.
    Transf. to equivalents of weight, value, and price; so,
    (α).
    In Plaut. only in the colloq. phrases auro contra, aurichalco contra, and contra auro (sc. posito); lit., for gold placed against; cf.:

    aes contrarium, s. v. contrarius: (servus) non carus'st auro contra,

    at his weight in gold, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30: jam auro contra constat filius, id. Truc. 2, 6, 57 (Speng. aurichalco): auro contra cedo modestum amatorem! A me aurum accipe. Pa. Cedo mihi contra aurichalco quoi ego sano serviam, id. Curc. 1, 3, 45 sq.; id. Mil. 3, 1, 63; 4, 2, 85; id. Ps. 2, 3, 23.—
    (β).
    In post-Aug. prose (very rare):

    at si aquae et ejus rei quam contra pensabis par pondus erit, nec pessum ibit, nec exstabit, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
    3.
    Of reciprocal actions, = vicissim, in turn, in return, back, on my, his, etc., part, likewise, counter-.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    te ut deludam contra, lusorem meum,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:

    quae me amat, quam ego contra amo,

    id. Merc. 5. 2, 77; id. Cist. 1, 1, 96; id. Trin. 4, 2, 55; id. As. 2, 2, 110:

    qui arguat se, eum contra vincat jurejurando suo,

    make a victorious counter-charge, id. Mil. 2, 2, 37:

    si laudabit haec Illius formam, tu hujus contra (i. e. lauda),

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 54:

    audi nunc contra jam,

    listen in turn, id. Phorm. 4, 4, 18; id. Ad. 5, 4, 23:

    at tu mihi contra nunc videre fortunatus, Phaedria, Cui, etc.,

    you likewise seem fortunate to me, id. Phorm. 1, 3, 21:

    Mettius Tullo gratulatur, contra Tullus Mettium benigne alloquitur,

    Liv. 1, 28, 1:

    contra ut me diligat illa,

    Cat. 76. 23; Hor. S. 1, 3, 27 Orell. ad loc.—Hence, with ellipsis of inquit, = respondit:

    cui latrans contra senex,

    Phaedr. 5, 10, 7:

    scietis, inquam, etc., contra Nigrinus: ad quem missi sunt? ego, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 4.—

    Rarely with inquit, etc., expressed: at ille contra, renidens, Audi, inquit, discipule, etc.,

    Gell. 15, 9, 9; cf.:

    contra talia reddit,

    Claud. B. Gild. 379.—
    (β).
    With dat. pers.:

    consulo quem dolum doloso contra conservo parem,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 45:

    facere contra huic aegre,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 10:

    hiscine contra insidiabere?

    id. Hec. 1. 1, 13:

    tibi contra gratiam Referre,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 7.—
    (γ).
    With item:

    item a me contra factum est,

    Plaut. Aul. prol. 20:

    puellam senex Amat et item contra filius,

    id. Cas. prol. 49; id. Pers. 5, 2, 36; id. Am. 1, 1, 67; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 25.—
    (δ).
    Combining a reciprocal with a local relation (A. 1. a. a, and b. a): contra carinantes verba, exchanging abusive words ( face to face), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 181 Vahl.): tubae utrimque contra canunt;

    Consonat terra,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 73; 1, 1, 86:

    confer gradum Contra pariter,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 18; id. Truc. 1, 2, 28:

    video amicam... Ubi contra adspexit me, etc.,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 45; Verg. E. 7, 8; cf. Lucr. 4, 243:

    vesper adest, juvenes consurgite!... Cernitis, innuptae, juvenes? consurgite contra!

    Cat. 62, 6.—
    (ε).
    Implying also opposition: Pe. Conpellabo. Ph. Orationis aciem contra conferam, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 20:

    si scias quod donum huic dono contra comparet,

    what counter gift, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 63: quod Scipio postulavit... ut, etc. Et quod contra collega postulavit ne, etc., Annal. Trib. Pleb. ap. Gell. 7 (6), 19, 5:

    si vobis aequa et honesta postulatio videtur, ego contra brevem postulationem adfero,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 7; Nep. Epam. 6, 1;

    Auct. B. Alex. 24: illo licente contra liceri audeat nemo,

    to bid in opposition, Caes. B. G. 1, 18; Liv. 4, 53, 6:

    agedum pauca accipe contra,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 38.—So in battle:

    Numidae... Romanorum ordines conturbare... neque contra feriundi copia erat,

    Sall. J. 50, 4; and in law: et ab eo is qui adoptat vindicat... et illo contra non vindicante, etc., Gai Inst. 1, 134; 2, 24.—Esp. in replies:

    oratio contra a Demosthene pro Ctesiphonte edita,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213:

    dicit accusator haec: primum, etc.... quid contra reus?

    id. Clu. 30, 81; id. Fin. 5, 22, 63; Curt. 4, 1, 10; 7, 9, 1.
    B.
    Of opposition, strife, etc., against; constr. absol., with dat., and ne, quominus or quin.
    1.
    Of physical exertion.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    concurrunt... aetheriae nubes contra pugnantibu' ventis,

    struggling against each other, Lucr. 6. 98:

    nec nos obniti contra... Sufficimus,

    bear up, battle against, Verg. A. 5, 21; Ov. M. 9, 50; 2, 434:

    at ille contra nititur,

    resists, Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 103; 7, 20, 19, § 82:

    pars remigum, tamquam imperitia... officia nautarum impediebant. Mox contra tendere,

    rowed in an opposite direction, Tac. H. 4, 16.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    te rogo ne contrahas ac demittas animum, neque te obrui tamquam fluctu... sinas, contraque erigas ac resistas,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4:

    et torrens judicem vel nitentem contra feret, cogatque ire qua rapiet,

    Quint. 12, 10, 61.— With ne: vi contra niti, ne advorsus eum fiat, Cato ap. Gell. 7 (6), 3, 16.—With quominus, Lucr. 1, 780.—
    2.
    Of mental exertion:

    si tibi vera videntur, Dede manus, aut, si falsum est, accingere contra,

    arm yourself against them, Lucr. 2, 1043; 2, 280. —With dat.:

    siti contra... pugnandum,

    Cels. 4, 2 fin.
    3.
    Of hostile opposition in gen.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    quod animadversum est in eo qui contra omni ratione pugnarunt, non debeo reprehendere,

    who made opposition in every way, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137; id. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107:

    contra etiam aliquid abs te profectum ex multis audivi,

    something inimical, id. Fam. 5, 5, 2.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    aut alio quovis (sc. colore) qui contra pugnet et obstet,

    Lucr. 2, 794; 2, 868.—
    4.
    Of warfare.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    ut eos adversarios existimemus qui arma contra ferant,

    Cic. Off. 1, 25, 87; 1, 12, 37; Vell. 2, 28, 4; cf.:

    quid quod exercitum contra duxit?

    Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23:

    ut si qua ex parte obviam contra veniretur, acie instructa depugnarent,

    if they should be attacked by an open charge, Caes. B. G. 7, 28:

    issentque confestim ad urbem ni venire contra exercitum... audissent,

    Liv. 7, 39, 17:

    cum Romanae legiones contra direxerint,

    would oppose their march, Tac. H. 4, 58; id. A. 6, 44.—With dat.:

    et huic contra itum ad amnem Erinden,

    Tac. A. 11, 10.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    quod ubi viderunt corvi, contra auxiliantur, velut adversus communem hostem,

    Plin. 10, 74, 95, § 205.—
    5.
    Of legal contests.
    (α).
    With verbs of saying; v. 9. a.—
    (β).
    Venire contra, of any legal act with the intention to hurt the adversary:

    quid? si omnium mortalium Sthenio nemo inimicior quam hic C. Claudius... fuit? si de litteris corruptis contra venit, etc.?

    if he made a charge of forgery against him? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; cf. II. B. c. b.—
    (γ).
    On the part of the adversary:

    inveniendum contra est, quo distet haec causa a ceteris,

    Quint. 5, 10, 114; 9, 2, 35; 12, 8, 10.—
    (δ).
    Of judgments against the parties or against opinions:

    ne spoliaret fama probatum hominem si contra judicasset,

    given an adverse decision, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77; cf. Val. Max. 7, 2, 4; Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—
    6.
    Of literary opposition.
    (α).
    Mostly with verbs of saying; v. 9. a. g.—
    (β).
    With other verbs:

    astrologorum artem contra convincere tendit,

    Lucr. 5, 728:

    contra nunc illud pone, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 14, 6:

    habeat (liber meus) etiam quosdam qui contra sentiant et adversentur,

    some dissentients and opponents, Quint. 3, 1, 5; 2, 17, 40; 3, 8, 69.—
    7.
    Of public and political opposition.
    (α).
    With verbs of saying; v. 9. a. d.—
    (β).
    With petere, to be a candidate for office in opposition to another:

    nihil enim supererat de quo certarent, nihil quod contra peterent,

    no office was left for which to canvass against each other, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91:

    honores contra petere,

    Quint. 6, 1, 17.—With ire, with dat., of an opposing vote in the senate (cf.:

    pedibus ire): sententia Cassii ut nemo unus contra ire ausus est, ita dissonae voces respondebant,

    Tac. A. 14, 45.—
    8.
    Of violation of law, contracts, etc.: contra facere, or contra committere, to violate, transgress a law, etc.: leges esse non ex ejus qui contra commiserit utilitate, spectari oportere, not in the interest of the transgressor, Cic. Inv. 2, 48, 153:

    si quis sub hoc pacto vendiderit ancillam ne prostitueretur, et si contra factum esset,

    and if the contract was violated, Dig. 18, 1, 56.—
    9.
    With verbs of saying, etc., contra dicere; less freq. disputare, disserere, pugnare, in the sense of dicere, and contra scribere (often contradico, in one word, in post-Aug. writers; esp. with dat.).
    a.
    Absol.
    (α).
    Contra dicere, to speak as counsel of the adversary, to plead his cause, in legal proceedings:

    cum contra dicturus Hortensius esset,

    would speak on the other side, Cic. Quint. 24, 77:

    hoc... contra dicente Cotta judicatum est,

    id. Caecin. 33, 97:

    dixisse ut contra nemo videretur,

    id. Brut. 53, 198: ut contra Crassus... exorsus est, began on the other side, id. ib. § 197.—Hence: qui contra dicit, the adversary or counsel of the adversary:

    contra autem qui dicet, similitudinem infirmare debebit,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 151; id. Part. Or. 21, 108.—In the same sense: agens contra: si nos... impares agentium contra ingeniis dixerimus, that we are unequal to the talents of our adversary's counsel, [p. 453] Quint. 4, 1, 8.—
    (β).
    To make charges against (rare):

    si qui contra vellet dicere, usurum esse eum suo testimonio,

    Cic. Clu. 48, 134:

    qua ratione nemo neque tum item fecerit, neque nunc contra dicat,

    id. Quint. 29, 88; so,

    contra disputare, of objections to or against a witness: nihil contra disputabo priusquam dixerit,

    id. Fl. 21, 51.—
    (γ).
    In gen., to speak on the other side of a question:

    fiebat autem ita, ut cum is qui audire vellet dixisset quid sibi videretur, tum ego contra dicerem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; id. Fin. 2, 1, 2; so,

    contra disputare and contra scribere,

    id. Or. 1, 19, 85; Vitr. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 2, 17, 13; Dig. 9, 2, 21, § 1.—Hence: qui contra dicunt or disputant, the opponents:

    nec qui contra dicunt causam difficilem repellunt,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 2:

    ad coarguendos qui contra disputant,

    to refule his opponents, Quint. 2, 15, 26.—
    (δ).
    To oppose or object to a proposition, motion, or petition:

    quam palam principes dixerunt contra!

    protested against it, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41; Caes. B. C. 1, 32; Cic. Clu. 47, 130.—With pugnare:

    cum decerneretur frequenti senatu, contra pugnante Pisone, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5:

    filius ejus incolumitatem optat: contradicit pater,

    the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 85; 9, 2, 83; Plin. ap. Gell. 9, 16, 5; Cic. Dom. 33, 87:

    contradicente nullo,

    Suet. Caes. 20; Dig. 3, 3, 15.—
    (ε).
    To reply:

    contradixit edicto,

    answered by an edict, Suet. Aug. 56. —
    (ζ).
    Abl. absol. impers.:

    explorandum videtur an etiam contradicto aliquando judicio consuetudo firmata sit,

    whether the custom has been confirmed by judgment upon a judicial contest, Dig. 1, 3, 34.—
    b.
    With acc. neutr. pron., to object, to make or raise an objection, to reply; esp. in legal proceedings:

    ego enim, te disputante, quid contra dicerem meditabar,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 1:

    ut contra si quid dicere velit non audiatur,

    id. Fin. 5, 10, 27:

    aiebat illum primo sane diu multa contra (i. e. dixisse), ad extremum autem, etc.,

    id. Att. 2, 22, 2.— Hence: quod contra dicitur, or quae contra dicuntur, the objections:

    ut et id quod intenderemus confirmare, et id quod contra diceretur refellere (possemus),

    refute the objections, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 90:

    quia neque reprehendi quae contra dicuntur possunt, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 81, 331; id. Inv. 2, 44, 127; Quint. 1, 2, 17.—In the same sense, as subst.: contrā dicta, orum, n. plur.:

    seu proposita confirmamus, sive contra dicta dissolvimus,

    or refute the objections, Quint. 4, prooem. 6.—With acc. and inf.:

    dicitur contra, nullum esse testamentum,

    the objection is made that there is no testament, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 42.—
    c.
    With dat., written in one word (post-Aug.).
    (α).
    To oppose a person by speaking against his views:

    solitum se etiam Thraseae contradicere,

    to oppose even Thrasea, Tac. H. 2, 91:

    tibi,

    Suet. Aug. 54:

    Curioni...,

    id. Rhet. 1. —Hence of answers and replies in law: quid si filium testatoris heres ejus prohibuit? Huic contradici potest: ergo pietatis, etc., he may be answered by this plea, etc., Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—And of advisory answers opposed to one's legal views:

    volenti mihi ream adulterii postulare eam, etc., contradictum est,

    my views were disapproved, rejected, Dig. 48, 5, 11, § 10.—
    (β).
    To oppose an opinion, with dat. of the thing:

    cum plures tantum sententiis aliorum contradicerent,

    opposed the opinions, Tac. H. 1, 39.—
    (γ).
    To object to a motion or petition, with dat. of the petitioner:

    patrem qui damnavit optat ne is torqueatur: pater ei contradicit,

    the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 81:

    cum ambienti ut legibus solveretur multi contradicerent,

    Suet. Caes. 18; Dig. 40, 5, 14; 40, 12, 33.—
    (δ).
    With dat. of the petition:

    preces erant, sed quibus contradici non posset,

    which could not be denied, Tac. H. 4, 46 fin.; Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 2.—
    (ε).
    To contest the validity of a law (rare):

    quibus (legibus) contradici potest,

    Quint. 7, 7, 4.—
    (ζ).
    To contradict an assertion (very rare):

    pro certis autem habemus... cuicunque adversarius non contradicit,

    Quint. 5, 10, 13.—
    d.
    With quin, to object:

    praetor Samnitibus respondit... nec contra dici quin amicitia de integro reconcilietur,

    there was no objection to a reconciliation, Liv. 8, 2, 2.
    C.
    To one's disadvantage; mostly predic. with esse, unfavorable, adverse, damaging (post-Aug.;

    but cf. II. B. 2.): ut eum qui responsurus est vel tacere, vel etiam invitum id quod sit contra cogat fateri,

    Quint. 7, 3, 14:

    cum verba (legis) contra sint,

    id. 7, 1, 49:

    sed experimentum contra fuit,

    unsuccessful, Tac. H. 2, 97 fin.:

    ubi fortuna contra fuit,

    id. ib. 3, 18:

    si fortuna contra daret,

    should be unfavorable, id. ib. 1, 65 fin.; id. A. 15, 13.
    D.
    Of logical opposition, with negative force.
    1.
    Of a direct contrast.
    a.
    Predicatively, with esse, fieri, etc., the contrary, the opposite:

    quod fieri totum contra manifesta docet res,

    but experience teaches that just the contrary is true, Lucr. 3, 686; 4, 1088:

    in stultitia contra est,

    with fools the reverse is true, Cic. Clu. 31, 84:

    in hac quidem re vereor ne etiam contra (i. e. sit),

    id. Att. 12, 46; id. Off. 1, 15, 49:

    quod contra est,

    Sall. J. 85, 21:

    quis non credat, etc.? Contra autem est,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 12; id. Ep. 7, 3; Dig. 37, 4, 4:

    contra fore si, etc.,

    ib. 34, 2, 39, § 2:

    immo forsitan et contra (i. e. erit),

    ib. 41, 3, 49:

    ego contra puto (i. e. esse),

    Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 7; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 25.—
    b.
    With evenire, accidere, sentire, scribere, habere, etc.:

    utrumque contra accidit: istic enim bellum est exortum, hic pax consecuta,

    of both the contrary has happened, Cic. Fam. 12, 18, 2; so Dig. 38, 2, 51:

    id ego contra puto (sc.: faciendum esse),

    id. Att. 10, 8, 2:

    contra evenit in iis morbis,

    Sen. Ep. 52, 7; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 163:

    ego contra sentio,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 15, 5; Sedig. ap. Gell. 15, 24, 4; Dig. 40, 2, 25:

    Proculus contra (sc. sentit),

    ib. 35, 2, 1, § 14; 33, 7, 25:

    licet Celsus contra scribat,

    ib. 9, 2, 21, § 1: contra probatur, Gai Inst. 2, 78; Dig. 33, 7, 12, § 34.—Very rarely referring to a term in the same clause:

    cujus disparem mitioremque naturam contra interpretabatur,

    interpreted in an opposite sense, misinterpreted, misunderstood, Tac. H. 4, 86 fin.
    c.
    Referring to a word or phrase in the same predicate.
    (α).
    To an adverb, in an opposite manner, otherwise, differently, not, etc.:

    nam ad summam totius rei pertinet, caute an contra demonstrata res sit,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 81, 330: quod viriliter animoque fit, id, etc.;

    quod contra, id turpe,

    id. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    sit sapienter usus aut contra,

    Quint. 2, 5, 15:

    lactuca locis apricis optume autumno ponitur, mediterraneis aut frigidis contra ( = pessime),

    Col. 11, 3, 25.—
    (β).
    To a predicative adjective, not, the opposite, the reverse, etc.:

    ut aliae (res) probabiles videantur aliae contra,

    improbable, Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 103; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:

    quid est quod me impediat ea quae probabilia mihi videantur sequi, quae contra, improbare,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 8; id. Or. 2, 31, 135; Quint. 4, 2, 52.—
    (γ).
    To a verbal predicate:

    an frater fratri exsistat heres, an contra ( = annon),

    Dig. 34, 5, 19.—
    (δ).
    To a subject infinitive:

    laudare testem vel contra pertinet ad momentum judiciorum,

    praising or censuring a witness, Quint. 3, 7, 2.—
    (ε).
    To a clause, translated by not or by a repetition of the clause with a negative:

    quae secundum naturam essent, ea sumenda et quadam aestimatione dignanda docebat, contraque contraria,

    those that were not, not, Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 36: quod cuidam aut sapiens videor quod una non jerim, aut felix fuisse;

    mihi contra,

    id. Att. 9, 12, 4: an credibile est, incestum cum filia commissum? Et contra, veneficum in noverca, adulterum in luxurioso? and incredible, etc., Quint. 5, 10, 19; so Dig. 9, 1, 2, § 1.—
    (ζ).
    To an attributive genitive:

    Marius cognoscere quid boni utrisque or contra esset (i. e. mali),

    Sall. J. 88, 2:

    verum de origine laudis contraque perspiciemus suo tempore (i. e. vituperationis),

    Quint. 2, 4, 21:

    alii a propositione accusatoris contraque loci oriuntur,

    the accuser and the accused, id. 7, 2, 31;

    so in several titles of the Digests, as Depositi vel contra, = actio depositi, vel contraria actio depositarii,

    Dig. 16, 3 tit.; so ib. 16, 17, 1; 16, 13, 6; 16, 13, 7.—
    2.
    Reversing the relation of terms in the preceding sentence, the reverse, conversely, vice versa, etc.
    a.
    With its own predicate: saepe... corpus aegret, Cum tamen ex alia laetamur parte latenti;

    Et retro fit uti contra sit saepe vicissim, Cum miser ex animo laetatur corpore toto,

    Lucr. 3, 108: illa altera argumentatio, quasi retro et contra, prius sumit, etc., ( proceeding), so to speak, backward and in inverted order, Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46: neque illud ignoro, etc.; sed non idem accidit contra, but the converse is not true, Quint. 8, 6, 3; Gell. 4, 2, 5: ut vocabula verbis, verba rursus adverbiis, nomina appositis et pronominibus essent priora. Nam fit contra quoque frequenter non indecore. for often, not inelegantly, the order is reversed, Quint. 9, 4, 24:

    quae etiam contra valent,

    i. e. if the terms are reversed, id. 3, 7, 25; 9, 2, 49; 8, 6, 25; 9, 4, 72.—
    b.
    Belonging to the same predicate:

    ut quidque erit dicendum ita dicet, nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute, nec item contra,

    Cic. Or. 36, 123:

    cum emtor venditori, vel contra, heres exstitit,

    Dig. 35, 2, 48:

    in quibus patrium pro possessivo dicitur, vel contra,

    Quint. 1, 5, 45; 5, 10, 71:

    junguntur autem aut ex nostro et peregrino, ut biclinium, aut contra, ut epitogium et Anticato,

    id. 1, 5, 68:

    ut capras in montosis potius locis quam in herbidis (pascar), equas contra,

    but with mares the reverse is the case, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 16:

    itaque ille dicere melius quam praecipere, nos contra fortasse possumus,

    Cic. Or. 42, 143:

    qua collegi solent ex his quae faciunt ea quae faciuntur, aut contra,

    or vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 80; Dig. 14, 1, 1, § 12; 48, 5, 23, § 4.
    E.
    In logical antithesis of clauses with a merely rhet. force, on the contrary, on the other hand, vice versa; sometimes almost = sed or autem (freq.).
    1.
    In independent clauses.
    a.
    Opposing persons or parties: fortunam insanam esse... perhibent philosophi... Sunt autem alii philosophi qui contra Fortunam negant ullam exstare, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 372 Rib.); Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68; Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 1:

    ego etiam quae tu sine Verre commisisti Verri crimini daturus sum... Tu, contra, ne quae ille quidem fecit, obicies,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35:

    ego contra ostendo, non modo nihil fecisse Sex. Roscium, sed, etc.,

    id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79; id. Phil. 8, 3, 8; id. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. Fin. 5, 22, 62:

    in Italia bellum gerimus, in sede ac solo nostro... Hannibal contra in aliena, in hostili est terra,

    Liv. 22, 39, 13; 21, 50, 2; 3, 15, 2; 6, 7, 4; 9, 35, 4 et saep.; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; Vell. 2, 31, 4; Sen. Ep. 9, 14; id. Ira, 2, 33, 6; Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 113; Tac. H. 3, 84; 3, 57; Suet. Tib. 2; id. Vit. 2; Just. 2, 1, 10; 8, 4, 11:

    contra mercator, navim jactantibus austris Militia est potior?

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 6; 1, 2, 30; 1, 3, 27; Prop. 2, 1, 45; 2, 23, 13 (3, 17, 3); Sen. Hippol. 214;

    so with versa vice: barbarae gentes (Alexandrum) non ut hostem, sed ut parentem luxerunt... Contra Macedones versa vice non ut civem, sed ut hostem amissum gaudebant,

    Just. 13, 1, 7.—
    b.
    Introducing a secondary or parallel opposition of thought: in loco umidiore far potius serunt quam triticum;

    contra in aridiore hordeum potius quam far,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; 1, 1, 47: si nihil esset quod inane vocaret, Omne foret solidum;

    nisi contra corpora certe Essent, etc., Omne quod est spatium vacuum constaret inane,

    Lucr. 1, 521; 4, 348; cf.:

    justa omnia decora sunt, injusta contra, ut turpia, sic indecora,

    Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94; id. N. D. 2, 15, 41; id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; id. Quint. 30, 93: id. Off. 3, 21, 84; id. Leg. 2, 1, 2: facilem esse rem... si modo unum omnes sentiant; contra in dissensione nullam se salutem perspicere, Caes. B. G, 5, 31; Liv. 25, 30, 3; Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 2; Plin. 12, 19, 42, § 92; 11, 14, 14, § 35; Suet. Caes. 73; Gell. 1, 4, 5:

    si male rem gerere insani est, contra bene, sani,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 74.—
    2.
    In opposition to a dependent clause:

    ut hi miseri, sic contra illi beati quos, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16; so id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; Quint. 9, 3, 39:

    cui ego rei tantum abest ut impedimento sim, ut contra te M. Manli adhorter, etc.,

    Liv. 6, 15, 5; 6, 31, 4:

    cum virtus adeo neminem spe ac pollicitatione corrumpat, ut contra in se inpendere jubeat, ac, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 1, 2: aut igitur negemus quidquam ratione confici, cum contra nihil sine ratione recte fieri possit, aut, etc., whereas on the contrary, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 38, 84; cf.:

    at contra,

    Lucr. 2, 392.—
    3.
    With co-ordinate conjunctions.
    a.
    Copulative, et contra or contraque (never with ac or atque); also nec contra (rare), and on the other hand.
    (α).
    With reference to a reason or conclusion, after nam, enim, cum, or itaque: nam et ratione uti... omnique in re quid sit veri videre et tueri decet, contraque falli [p. 454]... tam dedecet quam, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    malus est enim custos... metus, contraque benevolentia fidelis,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 23:

    cum reficiat animos varietas ipsa, contraque sit aliquanto difficilius in labore uno perseverare,

    Quint. 1, 12, 4; 3, 8, 32; 8, 6, 20:

    itaque in probris maxime in promptu est, si quid tale dici potest, etc. Contraque in laudibus, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; cf. Suet. Calig. 51; so with nec:

    nam nec comoedia cothurnis assurgit, nec contra tragoedia socculo ingreditur,

    Quint. 10, 2, 22.—
    (β).
    With contrasted examples or illustrations, often after ut or sic:

    audivi ex majoribus natu, hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasica, contraque patrem ejus... nullam comitatem habuisse sermonis,

    Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:

    ut suspitionibus credi oportere, et contra suspitionibus credi non oportere,

    id. Inv. 2, 15, 48; Quint. 8, 4, 1; 5, 10, 48; 9, 3, 7; 9, 4, 52; 11, 1, 14; Sen. Ep. 82, 14; Dig. 17, 1, 22, § 4.—
    (γ).
    With contrasted actions, assumptions, etc.:

    atque utinam qui ubique sunt propugnatores hujus imperii possent in hanc civitatem venire, et contra oppugnatores rei publicae de civitate exterminari!

    Cic. Balb. 22, 51:

    domo pignori data, et area ejus tenebitur... et contra jus soli sequitur aedificium,

    Dig. 13, 7, 21:

    equo et asina genitos mares, hinnos antiqui vocabant: contraque mulos quos asini et equae generassent,

    Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 17: ceterum potest ex lege quidem esse judicium, sed legitimum non esse, et contra ex lege non esse, sed legitimum esse, Gai Inst. 4, 109; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161; 35, 15, 5, § 183.—
    (δ).
    After a negative clause, affirming the opposite idea, et contra or contraque, but on the contrary:

    in quo (consulatu) ego imperavi nihil, et contra patribus conscriptis et bonis omnibus parui,

    Cic. Sull. 7, 21:

    nunc vero cum ne pulsus quidem ita sim ut superare non possim, contraque a populo Romano semper sim defensus, etc.,

    id. Dom. 33, 88; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Marcell. 6, 20; so,

    et contra,

    Suet. Tit. 7.—
    b.
    With adversative conjunctions, at contra, sed contra, contra autem, contra vero (not verum contra, nor contra tamen).
    (α).
    At contra (freq.), merely a strengthened contra (v. 1. supra): huc accedit uti mellis lactisque liquores Jucundo sensu linguae tractentur in ore;

    At contra taetri absinthi natura... foedo pertorqueat ora sapore,

    Lucr. 2, 400:

    cogunt,

    id. 2, 74; 1, 366; 2, 235 et saep.: nos qui domi sumus, tibi beati videmur;

    at contra nobis tu quidem... prae nobis beatus,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2; id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 66; Sall. J. 36, 2; 4, 7; 15, 3; id. C. 12, 5:

    ideo siccas aiunt Aethiopiae solitudines... At contra constat Germaniam abundare rivis,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 6, 2; 1, 3, 1; id. Ep. 100, 7; Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 186; Suet. Galb. 15; Tac. A. 4, 28.—
    (β).
    Sed contra, after a negative sentence (class.):

    non quo acui ingenia adulescentium nollem, sed contra ingenia obtundi nolui,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 93; id. Att. 9, 15, 3; id. Ac. 1, 10, 35; id. Fl. 11, 26:

    arma populi Romani non liberis servitutem, sed contra servientibus libertatem adferre,

    Liv. 45, 18, 1:

    tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito,

    Verg. A. 6, 95; Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 12.—PostAug. also without a preceding negation:

    obiisse nostro Laium scelere autumant superi inferique: sed animus contra innocens... negat,

    Sen. Oedip. 765; Symm. Ep. 6, 81.—
    (γ).
    Contra autem (rare;

    in Cic. only where different subjects have contrasted predicates in dependent clauses): quia pacis est insigne toga, contra autem arma tumultus atque belli,

    Cic. Pis. 30, 73.—In later writers = contra alone:

    sub septemtrione aedificia... conversa ad calidas partes oportere fieri videntur. Contra autem sub impetu solis meridiani regionibus conversa ad septemtrionem... sunt facienda,

    Vitr. 6, 1, 2; Gell. 14, 2, 19; Dig. 7, 1, 25, § 3; 34, 3, 25.—
    (δ).
    Contra vero (very rare;

    not in Cic.), used for contra: contra vero quercus infinitam habet aeternitatem,

    Vitr. 2, 9, 8; 6, 1, 3; Cels. 3, 6 fin.
    (ε).
    Atqui contra, App. Mag. p. 287, 24.—
    c.
    With disjunctive conjunctions, aut contra, vel contra, seu contra, or on the contrary, or conversely (always without change of subject).
    (α).
    Aut contra:

    num aut scriptum neget, aut contra factum infitietur?

    Cic. Part. Or. 38, 133: quae (mens) aut languescit... aut contra tumescit, etc., Quint. 1, 2, 18:

    si imbres defuere, aut contra abundavere,

    Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 228.—
    (β).
    Vel contra:

    hinc enim quaestiones oriuntur: Injuriam fecisti, sed quia magistratus, majestatis actio est? Vel contra: Licuit... quia magistratus?

    Quint. 5, 10, 40; 9, 4, 96; Suet. Galb. 3; Dig. 35, 2, 56, § 4; 8, 4, 6.—
    (γ).
    Seu contra:

    seu tristis veniam, seu contra laetus amicis,

    Prop. 1, 11, 25.—
    d.
    With causal conjunctions, nam contra (very rare;

    never contra enim): falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum quod, etc. Nam contra, reputando, neque majus aliud, neque praestabilius invenies,

    Sall. J. 1, 1; Quint. 1, 1, 1; 9, 2, 23. —
    4.
    In late Lat., e contra (also one word, ēcontrā) = contra,
    (α).
    In the meaning, the contrary (D. 1.):

    aliis vero econtra videtur,

    Hier. Ep. 12.—
    (β).
    Et econtra = et contra (E. 3. a.):

    honestiorum provectu et econtra suppliciis,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 39, 45.—For quod contra, v. II. E. 1. c.—
    5.
    With emphatic particles.
    a.
    Quin contra, nay on the contrary, opposing an affirmative sentence to a preceding negative statement (quin etiam amplifies without opposition; sed contra opposes without amplification; quin contra both opposes and amplifies);

    not before Livy: num qui enim socordius rempublicam administrari post Calvi tribunatum... quam? etc. Quin contra patricios aliquot damnatos... neminem plebeium,

    Liv. 6, 37, 8; 31, 31, 9; 35, 26, 10; 37, 15, 3.—
    b.
    Immo contra (post-Aug.).
    (α).
    = no, on the contrary, refuting opinions, after questions and in the form of a dialogue:

    existimas nunc me detrahere tibi multas voluptates?... Immo contra, nolo tibi umquam deesse laetitiam,

    Sen. Ep. 23, 3; Dig. 33, 7, 5; 33, 7, 29.—
    (β).
    = sed contra, but on the contrary:

    proinde ne submiseris te, immo contra fige stabilem gradum,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 5, 6; id. Cons. Polyb. 15, 2; cf. prep.:

    immo contra ea,

    Liv. 41, 24, 8; cf. II. E. 1. b. infra.—
    c.
    Item contra = an emphatic et contra (very rare):

    quoniam... beate vivere alii in alio, vos in voluptate ponitis, item contra miseriam in dolore, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 86; cf. I. A. 3. g supra.
    F.
    With a comparative clause introduced by ac, atque, or quam, representing a logical or moral opposition (contra atque debuit = non ita ut debuit; cf. Cic. Or. 3, 19, 70); cf. prep., II. C. 3. g, and II. E. 2. infra.
    1.
    Of logical opposition, contrary to, different from, otherwise than; in the best prose only with atque or ac.
    (α).
    With atque:

    item, contra atque apud nos, fieri ad Elephantinem ut neque ficus neque vites amittant folia,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6:

    simulacrum Jovis, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20; id. Sull. 24, 69:

    judicium suscepturos contra atque omnis Italia populusque Romanus judicavisset,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 12; id. B. G. 4, 13; Plin. 12, 19, 43, § 95.—
    (β).
    With ac:

    itaque contra est ac dicitis,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 41:

    vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,

    id. Div. 2, 24, 53; so id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11; id. Or. 40, 137:

    cum contra ac Deiotarus sensit victoria belli judicaret,

    id. Phil. 11, 13, 34:

    Petreius ubi videt, Catilinam, contra ac ratus erat, magna vi tendere, etc.,

    Sall. C. 60, 5.—
    (γ).
    With ac and atque:

    si denique aliquid non contra ac liceret factum diceretur, sed contra atque oporteret,

    Cic. Balb. 3, 7.—
    (δ).
    With quam (post-Aug.):

    cui contra quam proposuerat aliqua cesserunt,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 5; Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149; 11, 21, 24, § 72; Gell. 6 (7), 8, 6:

    contra quam licet,

    id. 1, 3, 19; Sil. 15, 107.—
    2.
    Of moral opposition of acts contrary to rules and principles (cf. II. 3. g infra); so always with quam:

    mater Aviti, generi sui, contra quam fas erat, amore capta,

    contrary to the divine law, Cic. Clu. 5, 12:

    ut senatus, contra quam ipse censuisset, ad vestitum rediret,

    contrary to its own resolution, id. Pis. 8, 18:

    contra quam ista causa postulasset,

    id. Caecin. 24, 67:

    contra quam sanctum legibus est,

    Liv. 30, 19, 9; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2; id. Dom. 46, 122:

    contraque faciunt quam polliceri videntur,

    Auct. Her. 4, 3, 6; Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 86.
    II.
    Prep. with acc., before, against, facing, towards, opposite to, contrary to (acc. to many scholars not ante-class.; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 108; but found Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 24 Fleck., a line omitted by Lorenz as a gloss; id. Pers. 1, 1, 13 Ritschl; Att. ap. Non. p. 469, 15, or Trag. Rel. v. 476 Rib.; cf. also Plaut. Poen. 5, 6, 18; Cato, R. R. 18, 1, and v. I. A. 1. a. b, and I. A. 1. b. a supra).
    A.
    Local uses.
    1.
    Opposite, over against, facing.
    a.
    Of countries and places (mostly of those separated by water;

    adversus and e regione mostly of places opposite by land): insulae natura triquetra, cujus unum latus est contra Galliam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 13; 3, 9; 4, 20:

    ad insulam quae est contra Massiliam,

    id. B. C. 1, 56; 3, 23:

    Rhodios, pacatis contra insulam suam terris, etc.,

    Liv. 37, 15, 7; 3, 26, 8:

    Carthago Italiam contra,

    Verg. A. 1, 13; 5, 124; Ov. M. 14, 17:

    insulae quae contra Tauri promuntorium inopportune navigantibus objacent, Chelidoniae nominantur,

    Mel. 2, 7; Plin. 3, 26, 30, § 151; 6, 28, 32, § 152; 5, 7, 7, § 41; Tac. A. 3, 1; id. H. 2, 17.—
    b.
    Of the heavenly bodies:

    donique (luna) eum (sc. solem) contra pleno bene lumine fulsit,

    Lucr. 5, 708:

    contra Volucris rostrum posita est Lyra,

    Vitr. 9, 4, 5; Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 9; 1, 8, 3; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 5, 10, 10, § 56.—So, tertium (latus Britanniae) est contra septem triones, opposite ( facing); hence, contra meridiem and contra ortus (instead of ad or adversus meridiem, etc.), facing the south and east, Plin. 6, 24, 24, § 85; 17, 2, 2, § 22. —So of a person standing in the sunlight:

    cum minima umbra (i. e. a sole) contra medium fiet hominem,

    Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 327; cf.:

    contra mediam faciem meridies erit,

    id. 18, 33, 76, § 326.—
    c.
    Of opposite ends of a line.
    (α).
    Of the diameter of the earth: esse e regione nobis e contraria parte terrae qui adversis vestigiis stent contra nostra vestigia, quos antipodas vocatis, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123.—
    (β).
    Of a line drawn:

    contra autem E littera I erit ubi secat circinationem linea,

    opposite the point E will be the letter I, Vitr. 9, 7, 4.—
    d.
    Of buildings, etc.:

    contra hoc aviarium est aliud minus in quo quae mortuae sunt aves curator servare solet,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 5; Vitr. 5, 6, 3; 3, 5, 15:

    (statuam) quae fuerit contra Jovis Statoris aedem in vestibulo Superbi domus,

    Plin. 34, 6, 13, § 29:

    contra medium fere porticum diaeta paulum recedit,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 20; 2, 17, 5; Suet. Aug. 44.—
    e.
    Of places on the human body:

    id quod contra stomachum est,

    Cels. 4, 5 (4, 12 med.); 7, 7;

    4, 20 (13).—Of the direction of the intestines, etc.: ea... contra medium alvum orsa,

    Cels. 4, 1 fin.
    2.
    Of actions, opposite, towards, against, facing (syn.:

    adversus, ad, e regione,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 61).
    a.
    In gen.:

    quamvis subito... quamque Rem contra speculum ponas, apparet imago,

    Lucr. 4, 156: Democritus... clipeum constituit contra exortum Hyperionis, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4:

    et contra magnum potes hos (i.e. oculos) attollere solem, Nec tremis...?

    Prop. 1, 15, 37; Col. 7, 3, 8:

    rex constiterat contra pedites,

    Curt. 10, 9, 13; 9, 5, 1:

    ne contra septentrionem paveris,

    Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 330; 28, 6, 19, § 69:

    contra solem varie refulgens,

    placed in the sun, id. 37, 10, 63, § 173; 10, 54, 75, § 151; 37, 6, 22, § 83;

    37, 7, 25, § 95: cum terrestres volucres contra aquam clangores dabunt,

    id. 18, 35, 87, § 363; 19, 8, 39, § 131.—
    b.
    Dependent on verbs of motion (very rare without the idea of hostility):

    (Dinocrates) incessit contra tribunal regis jus dicentis,

    towards, Vitr. 2, praef. 1.—So trop., of actions done for a purpose:

    lege Cornelia de sicariis tenetur qui, cum in magistratu esset, eorum quid fecerit contra hominis necem quod legibus permissum non sit,

    Dig. 48, 8, 4.—
    c.
    Appositively, with the predicate: (elephanti) tanta narratur clementia contra minus validos, ut, etc., if fronting weaker animals, if brought in contact with them (not to be connected with clementia), Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23.—Similarly: dum... fidens non est contra feram, if fronting the animal (not dependent on fidens), Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 57.—
    d.
    Against an opposing action, etc.:

    contra vim atque impetum fluminis conversa,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 5:

    cum plateae contra directos ventos erunt conformatae,

    Vitr. 1, 6, 8:

    ut contra ventum gregem pascamus,

    Col. 7, 3, 12; Sen. Q. N. 2, 31, 2; Plin. 29, 3, 12, § 52; 17, 2, 2, § 21; 8, 16, 21, § 54:

    contra fluminum impetus aggeribus,

    id. 35, 14, 48, § 169:

    capite in sole contra pilum peruncto,

    id. 27, 4, 5, § 17; 18, 35, 88, § 364; Varr. ap. Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83; Sil. 14, 352; Dig. 9, 2, 29, § 4. [p. 455] — Trop.:

    contra fortunam tenendus est cursus,

    Sen. Prov. 5, 9.—Prov.:

    contra stimulum calces,

    kick against the pricks, Isid. Orig. 1, 36, 28 (al. calcitres); cf. Amm. 18, 5, 1.—
    e.
    Of local actions with hostile intent.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    quae vis Coclitem contra omnes hostium copias tenuit?

    Cic. Par. 1, 2, 12:

    Pompeium Cartejae receptum scribis: jam igitur contra hunc exercitum (sc. constitit),

    id. Att. 15, 20, 3:

    pertimescam, credo, ne mihi non liceat contra vos in contione consistere,

    to face you, id. Agr. 1, 8, 25; Lepidus ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 26:

    a fronte contra hostem pedum quindecim fossam fieri jussit,

    id. ib. 1, 41; 1, 42; id. B. G. 7, 62:

    Tullus adversus Veientem hostem derigit suos: Albanos contra legionem Fidenatium collocat,

    Liv. 1, 27, 5; 24, 41, 5; 38, 4, 5; Verg. A. 12, 279; Front. Strat. 2, 2, 13; 2, 3, 17.—Appositively, with a local verb understood:

    terribilis haec contra fugientes belua est, fugax contra insequentes,

    i. e. if fronting, if placed opposite, Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 92.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    castra sunt in Italia contra populum Romanum in Etruriae faucibus collocata,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5; id. Mil. 1, 2; Quint. 7, 7, 5:

    tum contra hanc Romam illa altera Roma quaeretur,

    will be as a rival against this Rome, Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 86:

    cui rationi contra homines barbaros atque imperitos locus fuisset, hac ne ipsum quidem sperare, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

    (Cicero) plerumque contra inimicos atque obtrectatores plus vindicat sibi,

    when fronting adversaries, Quint. 11, 1, 23.—
    f.
    In partic.
    (α).
    Stare contra aliquem (opp. stare ab aliquo); usu. implying hostility; mostly trop., to stand against, to be arrayed against, to face, oppose:

    quod contra hoc exemplum nulla staret eorum ratio,

    Auct. Her. 4, 5, 7:

    contra populi studium,

    Cic. Brut. 34, 126:

    contra civium perditorum... dementiam a senatu et a bonorum causa,

    id. ib. 79, 273; so,

    a mendacio contra veritatem,

    id. Inv. 1, 3, 4:

    contra cives in acie,

    id. Att. 16, 11, 2:

    et adversi contra stetit ora juvenci,

    opposite, Verg. A. 5, 477; 5, 414:

    haec enim (ratio) sola... stat contra fortunam,

    Sen. Ep. 14, 4, 2: contra leonem etiam stetit, fronted, i. e. hunted, Spart. Carac. 5 fin.
    (β).
    Contra aliquem ire:

    aut saevos Libyae contra ire leones,

    Stat. Th. 9, 16.— Trop.:

    uti contra injurias armati eatis,

    Sall. J. 31, 6:

    interritus (sapiens) et contra illa (mala) ibit et inter illa,

    Sen. Ep. 59, 8; cf.: contra venire, II. B. 1. c. b infra, and v. also II. B. 2. b. and II. B. 1. b. infra.—
    3.
    Transf.,
    a.
    To persons placed together for comparison:

    C. vero Caesar, si foro tantum vacasset, non alius ex nostris contra Ciceronem nominaretur,

    Quint. 10, 1, 114:

    CORONATO CONTRA OMNES SCAENICOS,

    Inscr. Grut. p. 331, n. 4.—
    b.
    To things compared, as if weighed against each other as to their value, strength, etc.
    (α).
    Lit. (very rare):

    quamcunque vis rem expende, et contra aquam statue... Si gravior est, leviorem rem... feret, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
    (β).
    Prop.:

    cujus (i. e. generis humani) causa videtur cuncta alia genuisse natura, magna saeva mercede contra tanta sua munera,

    Plin. 7, 1, 1, § 1:

    qui amicus esse coepit quia expedit, placebit ei aliquod pretium contra amicitiam,

    Sen. Ep. 9, 9:

    numquam ulli fortiores cives fuerunt quam qui ausi sunt eum contra tantas opes ejus... condemnare,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 2, 3:

    tantum studium bonorum in me exstitisse, contra incredibilem contentionem clarissimi et potentissimi viri,

    id. ib. 7, 2, 2; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:

    nomen prorogans nostrum et memoriam extendens contra brevitatem aevi,

    as a compensation for, Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154.—So esp., valere contra, to weigh against, counterbalance, avail or prevail against: non vereor ne meae vitae modestia parum valitura sit contra falsos rumores, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:

    (illa facta) pro periculo potius quam contra salutem valere debere,

    Cic. Part. Or. 35, 120; id. Off. 3, 29, 104:

    contrane lucrum nil valere Pauperis ingenium?

    Hor. Epod. 11, 11; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 1; id. Cons. Helv. 5, 5; so,

    robur habere contra: si contra unamquamlibet partem fortunae satis tibi roboris est,

    id. ib. 13, 2;

    so of counterchecks: in Creta decem qui cosmoe vocantur, ut contra consulare imperium tribuni plebis, sic illi contra vim regiam constituti,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 58.—Of antidotes: cimicum natura contra serpentium morsus valere dicitur, item contra venena omnia, Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—Hence,
    c.
    Colloq., aliquid contra aurum est, something is worth gold, is superb, both predicatively and attributively (cf.: auro contra, I. A. 2. supra): hujusce pomaria in summa Sacra Via ubi poma veneunt, contra aurum imago, a spectacle for gold, i. e. a magnificent sight, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 10 MSS. (al. aliter):

    numcubi hic vides citrum... num quod emblema aut lithostratum? quae illic omnia contra aurum,

    superb, id. ib. 3, 2, 4 MSS. (Schneid. omits aurum, ex conj.):

    oneravi vinum, et tunc erat contra aurum,

    Petr. 7, 6.—
    d.
    Transf., of replies, with aiebat, inquit, etc.; both in friendly and inimical sense; esp., contra ea, contra haec, = the adv. contra:

    contra ea Titurius sero facturos clamitabat, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 29:

    contra ea Verginius unum Ap. Claudium et legum expertem et, etc., aiebat,

    Liv. 3, 57, 1; 24, 45, 4:

    quae contra breviter fata est vates,

    Verg. A. 6, 398:

    contra quod disertus Tu impie fecisti inquit, etc.,

    Quint. 7, 1, 53 (cf.: contra ea, II. E. 1. infra).
    B.
    Denoting hostility or disadvantage.
    1.
    With verbs of hostile action.
    a.
    Of physical exertion:

    pugnavere et tertio consulatu ejus viginti (elephanti) contra pedites quingentos,

    Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 22:

    proelium Afri contra Aegyptios primi fecere fustibus,

    id. 7, 56, 57, § 200; 8, 40, 61, § 142. —
    b.
    Referring to warfare (usu. adversus), bellum gerere (rarely for cum or adversus; but contra patriam, contra aras, etc., not cum patria, etc.; cf.

    bellum, II. A. 1. e.): a quo prohibitos esse vos contra Caesarem gerere bellum (opp. pro),

    Cic. Lig. 8, 25; id. Phil. 5, 10, 27; Liv. Ep. 129.—With bellum suscipere:

    contra Antonium,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5; so,

    contra patriam,

    id. Sull. 20, 58:

    pugnare contra patriam,

    id. ib. 25, 70:

    contra conjuges et liberos,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 15, 5:

    armatum esse contra populum Romanum,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32.—With arma ferre (freq.), Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 72; 13, 21, 47; Liv. 28, 28, 15; Nep. Att. 4, 2; Tib. 1, 6, 30; Ov. M. 4, 609; 13, 269; id. P. 1, 1, 26.—With arma sumere or capere, Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 19; id. Phil. 4, 1, 2; 4, 3, 7:

    armis contendere contra,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 13:

    arma alicui dare (trop.),

    Cic. Phil. 2, 21, 53:

    aciem instruere (trop.),

    Liv. 25, 4, 4:

    exercitum comparare,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14; 4, 1, 2:

    exercitum instruere,

    id. Cat. 2, 11, 24:

    exercitum ducere and adducere,

    id. Phil. 4, 2, 5; 3, 4, 11:

    exercitum contra Philippum mittere,

    id. Inv. 1, 12, 17:

    naves ducere contra,

    Hor. Epod. 4, 19:

    ducere contra hostes,

    Liv. 1, 27, 4:

    florem Italiae educere contra,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24:

    proficisci contra,

    to march against, Liv. 1, 11, 3; 8, 2, 5:

    auxilium ferre Rutulis contra Latinos,

    Plin. 14, 12, 14, § 88:

    juvare aliquem contra,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 35:

    consilium inire contra Sequanos,

    to take hostile measures against, id. B. G. 6, 12.—
    c.
    Of legal contention (more freq. adversus, except with verbs of saying).
    (α).
    In gen., with agere or causam agere, to act as counsel against a party or his attorney:

    cum agerem contra hominem disertissimum nostrae civitatis,

    Cic. Caecin. 33, 97; id. Brut. 63, 226; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 3; Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Causam recipere or suscipere contra, to accept a retainer against:

    (causam) quam receperam contra pueros Octavios,

    Cic. Att. 13, 49, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 12; Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 1.—Adesse alicui contra, to appear, act as one's counsel against:

    rogavit me Caecilius ut adessem contra Satrium,

    Cic. Att. 1, 1, 3; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 5 al.; cf.:

    esse contra,

    id. ib. 1, 18, 3.— Trop.: conquesturus venit;

    at contra se adfuit et satisfacienti satisfecit,

    Sen. Fragm. Amic. 14, 1, 89:

    causam defendere contra,

    against the accuser, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 178:

    statuere contra aliquem (sc. causam),

    to establish a case against an adversary, id. Or. 10, 34:

    actio competit contra,

    Dig. 49, 14, 41:

    querelam instituere contra,

    ib. 5, 2, 21, § 1:

    bonorum possessionem petere contra,

    ib. 5, 2, 23:

    jus obtinere contra,

    Cic. Quint. 9, 34:

    pugnare contra,

    to struggle against the accuser, id. Sull. 17, 49; id. Verr. 1, 11, 33:

    id quod mihi contra illos datum est,

    i. e. a local advantage over, id. Tull. 14, 33:

    judicare contra aliquem,

    id. Fl. 20, 48; Dig. 21, 2, 55; 5, 2, 14; Just. Inst. 4, 17, 2:

    pronuntiare contra,

    Paul. Sent. 5, 34, 2: dare sententiam contra, Dig. 21, 2, 56, § 1:

    decernere contra,

    Cic. Fl. 31, 76:

    appellare contra aliquem,

    Dig. 49, 1, 3; 49, 5, 6; cf.:

    contra sententiam,

    Cod. Just. 7, 62, 32, § 2.—Sentire contra aliquem, to have an opinion unfavorable to:

    cur vos (cum) aliquid contra me sentire dicatis, etc.,

    Cic. Caecin. 27, 79.—
    (β).
    Venire contra aliquem, to appear as counsel for one's adversary:

    quid tu, Saturi, qui contra hunc venis, existimas aliter?

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 18; id. Mur. 4, 9; id. Phil. 8, 6, 18.—Venire contra rem alicujus, to give advice damaging one's interests:

    contra rem suam me venisse questus est,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3.—
    (γ).
    With dicere and other verbs of saying. (aa) Of a lawyer pleading against a lawyer:

    ipse ille Mucius, quid in illa causa cum contra te diceret, attulit quod? etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 244:

    cum ille contra me pro Sex. Naevio diceret,

    id. Brut. 60, 2, 7; id. de Or. 2, 7, 30; id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45; id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 44; id. Planc. 2, 5; id. Brut. 26, 102; so,

    causam dicere,

    id. Or. 2, 23, 98:

    causam perorare,

    id. Quint. 24, 77.—(bb) Of a lawyer's pleading against the parties: dic mihi, M. Pinari, num si contra te dixero mihi male dicturus es? Servil. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 261; 3, 34, 138; 1, 14, 60; id. Or. 35, 123; Quint. 11, 1, 57; cf. with ellipsis of acc.:

    quorum alter pro Aufldia, contra dixit alter,

    id. 10, 1, 22.—(ng) Of a party against a lawyer:

    si Gaditani contra me dicerent,

    if the Gaditani were my adversaries, Cic. Balb. 17, 38.—(dd) Of witnesses and experts, and the pleadings against them:

    si decressent legationem quae contra istum diceret,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 12: contra testes dicere (opp. a testibus or pro testibus). Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118 (cf.:

    testimonium in aliquem dicere,

    id. Sull. 17, 48; Quint. 7, 4, 36):

    contra juris consultos dicere,

    against their legal opinions, Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—So of witnesses in scientific questions:

    contra testes dicendum est,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 1.—(ee) Dicere or contendere aliquid contra aliquem, to maintain a point against:

    cum interrogamus adversarios... quid contra nos dici possit,

    Auct. Her. 4, 23, 33:

    tamenne vereris ut possis hoc contra Hortensium contendere?

    Cic. Quint. 25, 78. —
    d.
    Of literary adversaries, mostly with verbs of saying and writing:

    cum scriberem contra Epicurios,

    Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:

    contra Epicurum satis superque dictum est,

    id. N. D. 2, 1, 2:

    contra Brutum,

    id. Tusc. 5, 8, 21:

    contra Academiam,

    id. Ac. 2, 19, 63; id. Fin. 1, 1, 2; 5, 8, 22; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; 5, 30, 84; id. Ac. 2, 4, 17:

    contra autem omnia disputatur a nostris,

    id. Off. 2, 2, 8.—
    e.
    Of public and political adversaries (syn. adversus and in).
    (α).
    In gen.:

    sentire contra,

    Cic. Mil. 2, 5:

    pugnare contra bonos,

    id. Sull. 25, 71:

    contra eos summa ope nitebatur nobilitas,

    Sall. C. 38, 2; Cic. Sest. 19, 42; 52, 112:

    (tribuni) qui aut contra consulem, aut pro studio ejus pugnabant,

    Liv. 39, 32, 12.—
    (β).
    Of political speaking:

    cum (Cato) eo ipso anno contra Serv. Galbam ad populum summa contentione dixisset,

    Cic. Brut. 20, 80; so id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 53; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 1.—
    f.
    Of hostile or criminal acts in gen. (syn.:

    adversus, in): inire consilia contra,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:

    manum comparare contra aliquem,

    id. Sull. 24, 68:

    conjurationem facere,

    id. ib. 4, 12:

    congredi,

    id. Lig. 3, 9; Sall. J. 64, 4:

    aliquid contra imperatorem moliri,

    Just. Inst. 4, 18, 3:

    nec dolor armasset contra sua viscera matrem,

    against her own offspring Ov. R. Am. 59.—Facere contra (more freq. with abstr. objects; cf. II. C. 1. f. b infra): nunc te contra Caesarem facere summae stultitiae est, to take parts against, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 2:

    eae (res) contra nos ambae faciunt,

    operate against us, id. Quint. 1, 1.—With verbs of saying, etc.:

    homo disertus non intellegit, eum quem contra dicit laudari a se?

    Cic. Phil. 2, 8, 18; 2, 1, 2; 2, 21, 51; Sen. Ep. 15, 3, 70:

    epigramma quod contra quamdam Gelliam scripsit,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 38:

    disputare contra deos, in two signif.: contra deum licet disputare liberius,

    to accuse, reproach a god, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76; but: mala et impia consuetudo est contra deos disputandi, to reason against the gods, i. e. against their existence, id. ib. 2, 67, 168.—
    2.
    Predicatively, with esse (videri, etc.), against, injurious to, unfavorable, prejudicial, to one's disadvantage: ut [p. 456] ex senatusconsulto neque cujus intersit, neque contra quem sit intellegi possit, Cic. Mur. 32, 68; id. de Or. 3, 20, 75; 2, 74, 299; 2, 81, 330; id. Sull. 13, 39; Sen. Ben. 6, 31, 6:

    licentiam malis dare certe contra bonos est,

    injurious to, Quint. 4, 2, 75:

    res contra nos est, of unfavorable chances in a lawsuit,

    id. 4, 66, 1; 4, 2, 75; 5, 13, 32.—Often, contra aliquem = quod est contra aliquem, referring to indef. pronouns or adjectives:

    nihil contra me fecit odio mei = nihil quod esset contra me,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 3, 5; id. Off. 3, 31, 112:

    quibus (temporibus) aliquid contra Caesarem Pompeio suaserim,

    id. Phil. 2, 10, 24.—
    3.
    Added adverb. to the predicate, mostly referring to purpose, with hostile intent, for the purpose of some hostile act, in order to oppose, in opposition:

    Caesarine eam (provinciam) tradituri fuistis, an contra Caesarem retenturi?

    or keep it against Caesar, Cic. Lig. 7, 23:

    sero enim resistimus ei quem per annos decem aluimus contra nos,

    id. Att. 7, 5, 5:

    judicium illud pecunia esse temptatum non pro Cluentio, sed contra Cluentium,

    id. Clu. 4, 9; id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; id. Ac. 2, 28, 92:

    cum quae facitis ejusmodi sint ut ea contra vosmet ipsos facere videamini,

    id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104; Sen. Ep. 3, 7, 3: Curio se contra eum totum parat, i. e. to speak against him, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 10; Caes. B. C. 1, 85 ter; Sen. Q. N. 1, 7, 1; Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192; Plin. Pan. 41.—So with the force of a temporal clause:

    fidem meam quam essent contra Massam Baebium experti,

    in the suit against, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 4.—
    4.
    Dependent on adjectives (rare):

    contra se ipse misericors,

    to his own injury, Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:

    severissimus judex contra fures,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.—
    5.
    With nouns.
    a.
    Acc. to 1. b.:

    ut quam maximae contra Hannibalem copiae sint,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17; cf. Vell. 2, 76, 3.—
    b.
    Acc. to 1. c. and 1. e.; so esp., oratio contra (cf.: oratio in).
    (α).
    Oratio contra (never in), of an address against the counsel of a party or against the prosecutor:

    quid in omni oratione Crassus vel apud centumviros contra Scaevolam, vel contra accusatorem Brutum, cum pro Cn. Plancio diceret?

    Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 220; cf.:

    Cato pro se contra Cassium = in oratione contra,

    Gell. 10, 15, 3; so,

    haec perpetua defensio contra Scaevolam,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221:

    orationem illam egregiam quam (Aeschines) in Ctesiphontem contra Demosthenem dixerat,

    id. ib. 3, 56, 213.—
    (β).
    Of an address against the party, either in judicial or political affairs:

    unam orationem contra Gracchum reliquit,

    Cic. Brut. 26, 99:

    (Demosthenis) oratio contra Leptinem... contra Aeschinem falsae legationis,

    id. Or. 31, 111; Gell. 10, 24, 10; 10, 18, 91; Cic. Brut. 46, 169; Quint. 12, 10, 61; Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 45; id. Brut. 44, 164; Gell. 13, 25 (24), 15; cf. Quint. 4, 3, 13; 11, 2, 25.—
    c.
    Acc. to 1. f.:

    contra patres concitatio et seditio,

    Cic. Brut. 14, 56.—Of animals:

    contra volpium genus communibus inimicitiis,

    Plin. 10, 76, 96, § 207.
    C.
    With inanimate and abstract objects.
    1.
    Directly dependent on verbs (cf. B. 1.).
    a.
    Of physical or moral exertion:

    cum fulmina contra Tot paribus streperet clipeis,

    Verg. A. 10, 567:

    pugnandum tamquam contra morbum, sic contra senectutem,

    Cic. Sen. 11, 35:

    contra verum niti,

    Sall. J. 35, 8:

    contra fortunam luctari,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 15, 2; id. Brev. Vit. 10, 1; id. Ep. 78, 15; 99, 32; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110.—
    b.
    Of warfare (lit. and trop.):

    bellum contra aras, focos, vitam fortunasque gerere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:

    bellum gerimus... contra arma verbis,

    id. Fam. 12, 22, 1.—So of logical contradictions:

    artificis autem est invenire in actione adversarii quae semet ipsa pugnent,

    Quint. 5, 13, 30.—
    c.
    Of legal contention.
    (α).
    Of the actions of the counsel or prosecutor: dicere, or perorare, agere contra aliquid, to plead against, contest something:

    contra argumenta, rumores, tabulas, quaestiones (opp. ab argumentis, etc.),

    Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9 sqq.; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118:

    contra ratiocinationem,

    id. Inv. 2, 50, 153: contra scriptum dicere, to contest, controvert a written law or a document, id. ib. 2, 47, 138; 2, 48, 143; id. Brut. 39, 145; Quint. 7, 7, 1:

    contra caput dicere,

    to plead against life, Cic. Quint. 13, 44 (cf.:

    servum in caput domini interrogare,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 1, 34; 5, 16, 5 and 8; 5, 46, 3): contra libertatem agere, Dig. 40, 12, 26.—Pregn.:

    contra rerum naturam, contraque consuetudinem hominum dicere (opp. contra nos dicere),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 45.—
    (β).
    Of judicial decisions contradicting documents, etc.:

    contra tabulas judicare,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 281:

    contra testamentum,

    Dig. 2, 17, § 1:

    contra sententiam dicere,

    ib. 49, 8, 1, § 2.—
    (γ).
    Admittere aliquem contra bona, to admit a petition for bonorum possessio (cf.:

    inmittere in bona),

    Dig. 38, 2, 3, § 6.—
    d.
    Of antagonism in literary and ethical questions.
    (α).
    To contend that something is false:

    dicere, disputare, disserere contra opinionem or sententiam,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 5, 19, 55; id. de Or. 3, 18, 67; id. Fin. 5, 4, 10; id. Ac. 2, 18, 60; Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 3; id. Ep. 87, 5; 102, 5 (cf.:

    in sententiam dicere,

    in support of an opinion, Caes. B. G. 1, 45):

    contra sensus dicere,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 101:

    contra rhetoricen dicere,

    Quint. 2, 17, 40.—
    (β).
    Of criticism, hostility to principles, etc.:

    contra Iliadem et Odysseam scribere,

    Vitr. 7, praef. 8:

    contra quorum disciplinam ingenium ejus exarserat,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 29, 83.—
    (γ).
    Ethically:

    contra voluptatem dicere,

    that pleasure is a moral evil, Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 21:

    contra mortem loqui,

    that death is no evil, Sen. Ep. 82, 7;

    in both senses: contra vitia, pericula, fortunam, ambitionem,

    id. ib. 100, 10:

    contra fortunam gloriari,

    that fortune has no power over him, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; Sen. Ep. 26, 5.—
    e.
    Of public and political acts and speeches:

    contra potentiam accusatorum dicere,

    Cic. Brut. 44, 164:

    contra legem dicere or verba facere,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 53; Liv. 34, 8, 1:

    rogationem ferre contra coloniam ( = contra legem de colonia deducenda),

    Cic. Clu. 51, 140; Auct. Her. 1, 17, 21; Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64.—
    f.
    Of hostility, injury, wrongs, etc.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    senatusconsulto quod contra dignitatem tuam fieret,

    directed against, Cic. Fam. 12, 29, 2:

    contra rem publicam se commovere,

    id. Cat. 1, 26; 1, 3, 7:

    incitari,

    id. Sest. 47, 100:

    consilia inire,

    id. Agr. 2, 3, 8:

    conjurationem facere,

    Sall. C. 30, 6:

    contra salutem urbis incitari,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20:

    cogitare aliquid contra salutem,

    id. ib. 3, 9, 21: contra voluntatem or studium dicere, to oppose one's will in a speech:

    esse aliquem in civitate qui contra ejus (Chrysogoni) voluntatem dicere auderet,

    id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60; id. Phil. 1, 11, 28; id. de Or. 3, 34, 138; id. Mur. 4, 10; Tac. H. 2, 91:

    ne quid contra aequitatem contendas, ne quid pro injuria,

    do not array yourself against equity, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71.— Trop.:

    quis non contra Marii arma, contra Suliae proscriptionem irascitur? ( = Mario propter arma, Sullae propter proscriptionem),

    Sen. Ira, 2, 2, 3.—
    (β).
    In partic.: facere contra aliquid (syn. adversus), to commit an offence against, to transgress, etc.:

    si quis ad Antonium profectus esset... senatus existimaturum eum contra rem publicam fecisse,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 33; id. Mil. 5, 13; 6, 14; id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 3, 25, 95; S. C. ap. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 6; Liv. 25, 4, 7; so,

    contra salutem rei publicae facere,

    Cic. Dom. 38, 102:

    contra majestatem,

    against the emperor, Dig. 48, 4, 5:

    contra leges,

    Cic. Dom. 18, 48; id. Vatin. 7, 18; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Mur. 32, 67; id. de Or. 3, 19, 70; cf. id. Clu. 34, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; id. Dom. 14, 38; id. Phil. 10, 6, 13; Gai Inst. 4, 121:

    contra edictum (praetoris),

    Cic. Verr 2, 3, 10, § 25; Dig. 39, 1, 20, § 1:

    contra foedus,

    Cic. Balb. 6, 16:

    contra jusjurandum ac fidem,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 43; id. Lael. 3, 30, 74; id. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 7; Prop. 3, 30, 44 (2, 32, 44).—And ironically:

    tune contra Caesaris nutum (sc. facies)?

    Cic. Att. 14, 10, 1.—Rarely contra ea facere = contra facere, adverb. (cf. I. B. 8. and II. E. 1. b.):

    corpus in civitatem inferri non licet... et qui contra ea fecerit, extra ordinem punitur,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 2; 1, 21, 12.—
    2.
    Predicatively with esse (usu. impers.), in violation of, in conflict with, contrary to (cf. 3. g).
    (α).
    With esse expressed as the predicate:

    hominem hominis incommodo suum augere commodum magis est contra naturam quam mors,

    Cic. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Fin. 3, 9, 31; id. N. D. 3, 13, 33; Sen. Ep. 5, 4; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 45:

    contra leges or legem est,

    Cic. Pis. 13, 30; id. Mur. 32, 67:

    contra officium est,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 1, 10, 32; 1, 6, 19; cf. id. Lael. 11, 39; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Liv. 6, 40, 5; Sen. Q. N. 2, 37, 2; Gai Inst. 3, 157; Dig. 30, 1, 112, § 3; 16, 3, 1, § 7.—With ellipsis of object (naturam), Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 89; cf.:

    adeo res ista non habet ullam moram quae contra causas ignium sit,

    unfavorable to the formation of fire, Sen. Q. N. 2, 26, 7.—
    (β).
    With verbal predicate, referring to an indef. pron. or adj., with esse understood:

    scis hunc... nihil umquam contra rem tuam cogitasse ( = nihil quod contra rem tuam esset),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 147; id. Mil. 5, 13:

    aliquid contra animum audiendi,

    something against our liking, Sen. Const. 19, 2.—So mostly with facere:

    si quid Socrates aut Aristippus contra morem consuetudinemque fecerint,

    Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148; id. Att. 3, 23, 2; 2, 22, 2; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Sall. C. 15, 1; Dig. 8, 2, 11; 8, 2, 17; 35, 1, 79, § 2. —
    (γ).
    Contra officium, substantively, = id quod contra officium est:

    Sic inter recte factum atque peccatum, officium et contra officium, media locabat quaedam,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37.—
    3.
    Adverbially with the predicate.
    (α).
    In order to oppose, in opposition to, with hostile intent (cf. B. 3.):

    eidem illam proscriptionem capitis mei contra salutem rei publicae rogatam esse dicebant,

    that the proposal of the law was an attack on the republic, Cic. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 35; id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:

    imperator contra postulata Bocchi nuntios mittit,

    to reply to the demands, Sall. J. 83, 3; 25, 6; so,

    advocare contra,

    Sen. Cons. Polyb. 12, 4; id. Ep. 15, 2, 52:

    si contra mortem te praeparaveris,

    to meet death, id. ib. 11, 3, 8.—
    (β).
    With the force of a clause of manner, injuriously to, etc.:

    quibus contra valetudinis commodum laborandum est,

    Cic. Mur. 23, 47; Suet. Aug. 78:

    contra hominis salutem,

    with danger to a man's life, Cod. Just. 7, 62, 29.—
    (γ).
    In gen., of conflict with some rule or principle, contrary to, in violation of, without regard to ( = ita ut contra sit; cf. 2. supra; very freq. from the class. period;

    syn. adversus): ceperitne pecunias contra leges P. Decius,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 31, 136; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10; id. Fl. 34, 86:

    pecuniam contra leges auferre,

    id. Verr. 1, 18, 56; 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 5, 18, § 46; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

    contra legem,

    id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8; id. Dom. 16, 41:

    contra jus fasque,

    id. Har. Resp. 16, 34; id. Quint. 6, 28:

    contra jus,

    Liv. 5, 4, 14; id. Dom. 13, 55; id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:

    contra jus gentium,

    Liv. 4, 32, 5; 9, 10, 10; 21, 25, 7; 5, 36, 6;

    6, 1, 6: contra juris rigorem,

    Dig. 40, 5, 24, § 10 et saep.:

    contra testimonium aliquid judicare,

    without regard to, Cic. Brut. 31, 117:

    aliquid contra verecundiam disputare,

    contrary to the rules of decency, id. Off. 1, 35, 128:

    aliquid contra fidem constituere,

    Quint. 5, 13, 34:

    quae majores nostri contra lubidinem animi sui recte atque ordine fecere,

    contrary to the dictates of passion, Sall. C. 51, 4; id. J. 33, 1; cf. of logical opposition, II. E. 2. infra.—
    4.
    Dependent on substt.
    a.
    Of physical strife:

    scit ille imparem sibi luctatum contra nexus (draconis),

    Plin. 8, 12, 12, § 33. —
    b.
    Of warfare:

    imperatorum copia contra tuum furorem,

    Cic. Mur. 39, 83:

    Parthorum gloria contra nomen Romanum,

    Liv. 9, 18, 6: in castris perditorum contra patriam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 6.—
    c.
    Of legal contention:

    causa contra scriptum,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 46, 135.—
    d.
    Of political speaking:

    divina M. Tullii eloquentia contra leges agrarias,

    Quint. 2, 16, 7; 9, 3, 50; Gell. 18, 7, 7.—
    e.
    Of literary opposition:

    Caesaris vituperatio contra laudationem meam,

    Cic. Att. 12, 40, 1.—
    f.
    Of hostility, etc.:

    cujus factum, inceptum, conatumve contra patriam,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

    ullum factum dictumve nostrum contra utilitatem vestram,

    Liv. 6, 40, 5.—
    g.
    Of injury:

    vitae cupiditas contra rem publicam,

    Cic. Planc. 37, 90: contra serpentes venenum, fatal to serpents, or as a defence against serpents, Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 15.—
    h.
    Of violation, disregard, etc. (cf. 3. g):

    iter contra senatus auctoritatem,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 48:

    contra consuetudinem somnium,

    Plin. 10, 77, 98, § 211:

    bonorum possessio contra tabulas,

    Dig. 37, 4, 3, § 13; Gai Inst. 3, 41.—
    5.
    Dependent on adjectives (very rare; cf.

    II. D. 2. c. infra): contraque patris impii regnum impotens, avum resolvam,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 966.
    D.
    Of defence, protection, and resistance (syn.: adversus, ab).
    1.
    Against persons.
    a.
    Dependent on verbs:

    cum populus Romanus suam auctoritatem vel contra omnes qui dissentiunt possit defendere,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 63: si ego consul rem publicam [p. 457] contra te et gregales tuos defendissem, id. Sest. 52, 111; 22, 49; 8, 20; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45:

    contra quem multum omnes boni providerunt,

    provided a great defence, id. Mur. 38, 81: formula qua utitur patronus contra libertum qui eum in jus vocat, as a defence against, Gai Inst. 4, 46. —And of protection of plants against injurious animals:

    contra haec animalia proderit, si, etc.,

    Pall. 10, 3, 2.—
    b.
    Dependent on adjectives, mostly participial:

    paratus contra,

    Cic. Mil. 21, 56:

    nihil satis firmum contra Metellum,

    Sall. J. 80, 1:

    contra potentes nemo est munitus satis,

    Phaedr. 2, 6, 1.—
    2.
    Against inanimate and abstract things.
    a.
    Dependent on verbs:

    contra avium morsus munitur vallo aristarum,

    Cic. Sen. 15, 51:

    propugnaculum, quo contra omnes meos impetus usurum se putat,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 40; 2, 5, 39, § 102:

    publicam causam contra vim armatam suscipere,

    id. Dom. 34, 91; id. Quint. 30, 94; id. Leg. 3, 3, 9:

    contra tantas difficultates providere,

    Sall. J. 90, 1; 76, 4; so,

    contra ea,

    id. ib. 57, 5:

    patricii vi contra vim resistunt,

    Liv. 3, 13, 4; Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 28; Tac. Agr. 45; Sen. Prov. 4, 12; id. Const. 5, 4.—
    b.
    Dependent on substt.:

    suffragia contra oppugnationem vestrae majestatis,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 12, 35:

    defensio contra vim,

    id. Mil. 5, 14:

    patronus justitiae fuit contra orationem Phili,

    id. Lael. 7, 25; Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 30; 14, 3, 4, § 40:

    contra labores patientia,

    id. 23, 1, 22, § 37.—
    c.
    Dependent on adjectives (in Cic. freq. with P. a. predicatively used; otherwise very rare;

    in later prose freq.): nec est quidquam Cilicia contra Syriam munitius,

    against an attack from the side of Syria, Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 4:

    ut nullius res tuta, nullius domus clausa, nullius vita saepta, nullius pudicitia munita contra tuam cupiditatem posset esse,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; id. Mil. 25, 67; id. Tusc. 5, 8, 19; 5, 27, 76:

    vir contra audaciam firmissimus,

    id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Sall. J. 33, 2; 28, 5:

    fortis contra dolorem,

    Sen. Ep. 98, 18; Quint. 12, 1, 10:

    callosus,

    Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 147; 14, 2, 4, § 23:

    far contra hiemes firmissimum,

    id. 18, 8, 19, § 83:

    equus tenax contra vincula,

    Ov. Am. 3, 4, 13:

    contraque minantia fata pervigil,

    Claud. I. Cons. Stil. 1, 284.—
    3.
    Of remedies against sickness and its causes, poison, etc.; so only in Plin.; in Pall. only of preventives and of protection against hurtful animals, and against mental perturbations in gen.; cf. infra (syn. ad in Cat., Cic., Cels., Col.; adversus only in Celsus, who also has in with abl.).
    (α).
    Dependent on verbs:

    cujus et vinum et uva contra serpentium ictus medetur,

    Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 117; 7, 2, 2, § 13:

    prodest et contra suspiria et tussim,

    id. 20, 13, 50, § 128:

    valet potum contra venena,

    id. 28, 7, 21, § 74; 29, 4, 22, § 71; 29, 4, 26, § 81; 28, 8, 27, § 98; 16, 37, 71, § 180; 35, 6, 14, § 34; 28, 6, 18, §§ 65-67.—
    (β).
    Dependent on substt.:

    remedium contra morsus,

    Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 118; 10, 59, 79, § 163:

    contra venena esse omnia remedio,

    id. 16, 44, 95, § 251; 17, 24, 37, § 240; 7, 1, 1, § 4.—
    (γ).
    Dependent on adjectives:

    vinum quod salutare contra pestilentiam sit,

    Pall. 11, 14, 17.—
    (δ).
    Appositively, as a remedy:

    cujus lacteum succum miris laudibus celebrat... contra serpentes et venena,

    Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 16; 29, 4, 26, § 83. —So of remedies against affections:

    Tiberium tonante caelo coronari ea (lauro) solitum ferunt contra fulminum metus,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 135; cf. Sen. Ira, 2, 21, 1; id. Tranq. 5. 1.
    E.
    Of logical opposition.
    1.
    With a neuter demonstrative (contra ea, contra haec, contra quae, quod contra = contra, adv.).
    a.
    The contrary, the reverse (very rare; cf.

    I. D. 1.): sed mihi contra ea videtur,

    but to me the contrary seems true, Sall. J. 85, 1:

    omnia quae contra haec sunt, omnia quae contra sunt,

    and vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 90. —
    b.
    Contra ea, on the contrary, in logical antithesis (not in Cic. and Sall.; once in Caes. and Quint.; several times in Liv. and Nep.; cf.: contra ea, in other uses, II. A. 2. e. a, II. D. 2. a., II. A. 3. d., II. C. 1. f.):

    omnes arderent cupiditate pugnandi... contra ea Caesar... spatiumque interponendum... putabat ( = at contra),

    but Caesar on the contrary, Caes. B. C. 3, 74: superbe ab Samnitibus... legati prohibiti commercio sunt;

    contra ea benigne ab Siculorum tyrannis adjuti,

    Liv. 4, 52, 6; 2, 60, 1; 21, 20, 6;

    44, 43, 5: pater... Thracem me genuit, contra ea mater Atheniensem,

    Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4; id. praef. 6; id. Alcib. 8, 1.—And after a question, with immo (cf. I. E. 5. b.):

    an infirmissimi omnium... (sumus)? Immo contra ea vel viribus nostris, vel, etc., tuti (sumus),

    Liv. 41, 24, 8.—
    c.
    Quod contra, by anastrophe (v. F. 1.), contrary to which, whereas, while on the contrary (only once in Lucr. and three times in Cic.):

    illud in his rebus vereor ne forte rearis, Inpia te rationis inire elementa viamque indugredi sceleris: quod contra saepius illa Religio peperit scelerosa atque impia facta,

    whereas on the contrary, Lucr. 1, 81:

    cujus a me corpus crematum est, quod contra decuit ab illo meum (sc. cremari),

    Cic. Sen. 23, 84:

    quod contra oportebat delicto dolere, correctione gaudere,

    id. Lael. 24, 90 (B. and K. place a comma after oportebat; cf.

    Nauck ad loc.): reliquum est ut eum nemo judicio defenderit: quod contra copiosissime defensum esse contendi,

    id. Quint. 28, 87 (many consider contra in all these passages as an adverb; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 121 sq.; some explain quod as an ancient ablative, = qua re;

    v. Ritschl,

    Plaut. Exc. p. 57, Munro ad Lucr. 1, 82).—
    2.
    With an abstract noun, with the force of the adverb contra with ac or atque (I. F. 1.), contrary to, contrary to what, etc. (esp. in Sall., not in Cic.; cf. praeter): celeriter contraque omnium opinionem confecto itinere, contrary to the opinion ( = contra ac rati erant), Caes. B. G. 6, 30:

    contra opinionem Jugurthae ad Thalam perveniunt,

    Sall. J. 75, 9; Hirt. B. G. 8, 40.—Contra spem either contrary to the opinion, or against the hope:

    Metellus contra spem suam laetissume excipitur ( = contra ac ratus, veritus est),

    Sall. J. 88, 1; so,

    cetera contra spem salva invenit,

    Liv. 9, 23, 17:

    contra spem omnium L. Furium optavit,

    id. 6, 25, 5; Curt. 8, 4, 45;

    but: at Jugurtha contra spem nuntio accepto ( = contra ac speraverat),

    Sall. J. 28, 1; Liv. 24, 45, 3:

    postquam... Jugurtha contra timorem animi praemia sceleris adeptum sese videt,

    Sall. J. 20, 1:

    ipse in Numidiam procedit, ubi contra belli faciem tuguria plena hominumque... erant ( = contra ac in bello evenire solet),

    id. ib. 46, 5:

    contra famam,

    Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 126; 7, 53, 54, § 180:

    segniterque et contra industriam absconditae formicae,

    slowly, and in a manner different from their usual activity, id. 18, 35, 88, § 364.—Of persons:

    frigidam potionem esse debere, contra priores auctores, Asclepiades confirmavit,

    contrary to the opinion of the former physicians, Cels. 4, 26 (19).
    F.
    Sometimes by anastrophe after its noun.
    1.
    In prose, after relatives, esp. in Cic.:

    quos contra disputant,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 47:

    quem contra dicit,

    id. Phil. 2, 8, 18 (v. II. B. 1. f.):

    quem contra veneris,

    id. Mur. 4, 9:

    quas contra, praeter te, etc.,

    id. Vatin. 7, 18:

    eos ipsos quos contra statuas,

    id. Or. 10, 34:

    quos contra me senatus armavit,

    id. Att. 10, 8, 8:

    quam contra multa locutus est,

    Sen. Ep. 82, 7, Plin. Ep. 1, 23, 3; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 332; v. also E. 1. c. supra.—
    2.
    After other words ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    hunc igitur contra mittam contendere causam,

    Lucr. 4, 471:

    dicere eos contra,

    id. 4, 484:

    donique eum contra,

    id. 5, 708:

    agmina contra,

    Verg. A. 12, 279:

    magnum Alciden contra,

    id. ib. 5, 414:

    Paridem contra,

    id. ib. 5, 370:

    Italiam contra,

    id. ib. 1, 13:

    deos contra,

    Ov. P. 1, 1, 26:

    Messania moenia contra,

    id. M. 14, 17:

    litora Calabriae contra,

    Tac. A. 3, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contra

См. также в других словарях:

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  • súbito — súbito, ta (Del lat. subĭtus). 1. adj. Improvisto, repentino. 2. Precipitado, impetuoso o violento en las obras o palabras. 3. adv. m. De repente, súbitamente. de súbito. loc. adv. De repente, súbitamente …   Diccionario de la lengua española

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