-
41 vise
accord, demonstrate, ditty, do, express, flash, indicate, manifest, measure, show one's paces, point out, read, register, screen, show, show up, take, usher* * *I. (en -r) song,(spøg.) ditty;(fig) the same old story;[ den vise kender jeg] I've heard that story before.II. * show ( fx show me the book (, the way); show somebody how to write; show one's ticket; he showed me kindness; show mercy (, joy, anger, contempt));( automatisk angive) show, indicate ( fx the temperature, the pressure);( bevise) show ( fx this shows how false the tale was), prove ( fx this proves that I was right),F demonstrate ( fx the need for something; the truth of something);( fortælle) tell ( fx the letter tells something about the way his mind works; the episode tells a lot about people's attitude to immigrants);( lægge for dagen) show,F display ( fx courage, one's ignorance; tact), exhibit ( fxcourage, signs of guilt),( tydeligt) manifest ( fx a desire, dislike, interest);( pege) point;[ med sb & num:][ vise én døren] show somebody the door;[ vise flaget] show the flag;[ termometret viser 10ø] the thermometer indicates (el. registers el.stands at) 10ø;[ uret viste 9] the clock stood at (el. pointed to) 9;[ vise vand] dowse;vej);[ med præp & adv:][ vise af]( i trafikken) signal;[ vise ham af] turn him off;[ vise fra sig]( tilbud) decline,( tanke) dismiss;[ vise frem] show,(mere F) exhibit,( pralende) parade;[ vise hen til] refer to;[ vise én ind] show somebody in;[ vise én rundt (el. om) i huset] show (el. take) somebody over the house;[ vise én til rette], se II. ret & tilrettevise;[ vise et angreb tilbage] repel an attack;(gram.) refer to;[ vise én ud]( følge til dørs) see (el. show) somebody out,( smide ud) show somebody the door; turn somebody out,F expel somebody ( fx from the country);(se også udvise);(forst) mark (el. blaze) trees for cutting;[ med sig:][ vise sig]( komme til syne) appear, show,( om person: komme til stede, ved møde etc) make one's appearance, put in an appearance,( indfinde sig, især efter forsinkelse) turn up;( vise sig offentligt) show oneself, show one's face ( fx he dare not show his face there);( vigte sig) show off;[ det viser sig at] it appears that,( overraskende) it turns out that;[ vise sig at være] prove (to be),( overraskende) turn out (to be);[ det vil vise sig] we shall see, it remains to be seen;[ vise sig for én] appear to somebody;[ vise sig fra sin bedste side], se side;[ vise sig i horisonten] appear on the horizon,( om noget truende) loom on the horizon;[ han viste sig som en sand ven] he proved (himself) a true friend. -
42 mostrar
v.1 to show.mostró su satisfacción por la concesión del premio she expressed pleasure at having been awarded the prizeElla muestra la mercadería She shows the goods for sale.Ella le muestra a Sue la ropa She shows Sue the clothes.Ella muestra valor She shows courage.2 to point out, to indicate, to point at.Ella muestra los defectos She points out defects.3 to evidence, to represent, to display, to exteriorize.Ella mostró culpa She evidenced guilt.4 to prove to.Ella muestra ser muy buena She proves to be very good.* * *1 to show2 (exponer) to exhibit, display3 (señalar) to point out, explain1 to appear2 (ser) be; (resultar ser) to prove to be, turn out to be* * *verb1) to show2) display3) manifest* * *1.VT (=señalar, explicar) to show; (=exponer) to display, exhibitmostrar en pantalla — (Inform) to display
2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivoa) (enseñar, indicar) to showb) <interés/entusiasmo> to show, display (frml)2.mostrarsev pron (+ compl)nunca se ha mostrado agresivo con él — she's never displayed o shown any aggression toward(s) him
* * *= betray, bring to + the attention, display, evidence, exhibit, manifest, reveal, show, disclose, give + evidence, showcase, flash, hold up, report, parade.Ex. Deliberately to pay less attention to a query because it comes from the mayor of the city, or the chairman of the company, or the vice-chancellor of the university, would betray a perversity foreign to the normal well-adjusted librarian.Ex. Many displays are changed from time to time (for example, once a week, or once a month) so that various sections of the stock may be brought to the attention of the library's public over a period of time.Ex. The command function 'DISPLAY' is used to display a list of alphabetically linked terms.Ex. Although in this case there is no SLIS presence in the teaching, it is noteworthy that the same concern as that evidenced in the City University programme is present.Ex. These headings, therefore, in addition to exhibiting a bias in favor of the majority, actively hinder access.Ex. A catalog, on the other hand, should manifest the attributes of a data base.Ex. A study of the major general schemes reveals a wide gulf between theory, as outlined in the previous chapter, and practice, as reflected in the major schemes.Ex. This shows a record in an abstracts based bibliographic data base.Ex. In the cafeteria, she disclosed to him what had happened at her meeting with Jay.Ex. No conclusive evidence is given in support of digitising over other storage media.Ex. Officially known as SOLEX, this exhibition showcases mainly IT based products for the legal profession.Ex. Since Disc #1 is not in the CD-ROM drive the system 'queues' your requests by placing it into the 'disc queue' (shown flashing below).Ex. Banning's decision to hold up Madison and Jefferson as models without discussing in some depth the practical ways in which they politicked shortchanges the reader.Ex. Criticism is not appropriate in a style which aims to report, but not comment upon the content of the original document.Ex. A boy was paraded naked with "I am thief" written on his stomach and back for allegedly stealing a dress from a boutique where he worked.----* mostrar afecto = show + affection.* mostrar asombro = raise + eyebrows.* mostrar claramente = show + clearly.* mostrar contraste = show + contrast.* mostrar de nuevo = redisplay.* mostrar determinación = show + determination.* mostrar ejemplos = highlight + examples.* mostrar el camino = blaze + the way, light + the way.* mostrar el camino a seguir = point + the way forward.* mostrar el camino para = point + the way to, show + the way to.* mostrar el prompt del sistema = prompt.* mostrar en pantalla = display + on screen, screen.* mostrar extrañeza = raise + eyebrows.* mostrar gratitud = show + gratitude.* mostrar incredulidad = express + disbelief.* mostrar indiferencia = give + Nombre + the cold shoulder, turn + a cold shoulder to, cold-shoulder.* mostrar interés = mark + interest.* mostrar interés en = show + interest in.* mostrar interés por = express + interest in.* mostrar las diferencias = turn up + differences.* mostrar las razones por las que = show + cause why.* mostrar lealtad = show + loyalty.* mostrar los dientes = show + Posesivo + teeth, bare + Posesivo + teeth.* mostrar los resultados = display + results.* mostrar los sentimientos de Uno = wear + Posesivo + heart on + Posesivo + sleeve, show + Posesivo + feelings.* mostrar los términos relacionados = expand.* mostrar miedo = show + fear.* mostrar orgullosamente = show off.* mostrar poderío = flex + Posesivo + muscles.* mostrar por medio de cambio de intensidad en el brillo = flash up.* mostrar por primera vez = premiere.* mostrar + Posesivo + agradecimiento = pay + Posesivo + respects.* mostrar + Posesivo + sincero agradecimiento = pay + Posesivo + deep respects.* mostrar posibilidades = show + potential.* mostrar preferencia por = slant.* mostrar preocupación (por) = express + concern (at), express + Posesivo + dismay (at).* mostrar respeto = show + respect.* mostrar satisfacción = express + satisfaction.* mostrarse = appear.* mostrarse como Uno realmente es = show + Reflexivo + in + Posesivo + true colours, reveal + Posesivo + true colours, show + Posesivo + true colours.* mostrarse indiferente = give + Nombre + the cold shoulder, turn + a cold shoulder to, cold-shoulder.* mostrarse reacio a = baulk at [balk at].* mostrarse vulnerable = leave + Nombre/Reflexivo + vulnerable.* mostrar signos de = show + signs of.* mostrar sorpresa = raise + eyebrows, register + surprise.* mostrar temor = show + fear.* orden de mostrar los términos relacionados = expand command.* resultados + mostrar = results + show.* volver a mostrar = redisplay.* * *1.verbo transitivoa) (enseñar, indicar) to showb) <interés/entusiasmo> to show, display (frml)2.mostrarsev pron (+ compl)nunca se ha mostrado agresivo con él — she's never displayed o shown any aggression toward(s) him
* * *= betray, bring to + the attention, display, evidence, exhibit, manifest, reveal, show, disclose, give + evidence, showcase, flash, hold up, report, parade.Ex: Deliberately to pay less attention to a query because it comes from the mayor of the city, or the chairman of the company, or the vice-chancellor of the university, would betray a perversity foreign to the normal well-adjusted librarian.
Ex: Many displays are changed from time to time (for example, once a week, or once a month) so that various sections of the stock may be brought to the attention of the library's public over a period of time.Ex: The command function 'DISPLAY' is used to display a list of alphabetically linked terms.Ex: Although in this case there is no SLIS presence in the teaching, it is noteworthy that the same concern as that evidenced in the City University programme is present.Ex: These headings, therefore, in addition to exhibiting a bias in favor of the majority, actively hinder access.Ex: A catalog, on the other hand, should manifest the attributes of a data base.Ex: A study of the major general schemes reveals a wide gulf between theory, as outlined in the previous chapter, and practice, as reflected in the major schemes.Ex: This shows a record in an abstracts based bibliographic data base.Ex: In the cafeteria, she disclosed to him what had happened at her meeting with Jay.Ex: No conclusive evidence is given in support of digitising over other storage media.Ex: Officially known as SOLEX, this exhibition showcases mainly IT based products for the legal profession.Ex: Since Disc \#1 is not in the CD-ROM drive the system 'queues' your requests by placing it into the 'disc queue' (shown flashing below).Ex: Banning's decision to hold up Madison and Jefferson as models without discussing in some depth the practical ways in which they politicked shortchanges the reader.Ex: Criticism is not appropriate in a style which aims to report, but not comment upon the content of the original document.Ex: A boy was paraded naked with "I am thief" written on his stomach and back for allegedly stealing a dress from a boutique where he worked.* mostrar afecto = show + affection.* mostrar asombro = raise + eyebrows.* mostrar claramente = show + clearly.* mostrar contraste = show + contrast.* mostrar de nuevo = redisplay.* mostrar determinación = show + determination.* mostrar ejemplos = highlight + examples.* mostrar el camino = blaze + the way, light + the way.* mostrar el camino a seguir = point + the way forward.* mostrar el camino para = point + the way to, show + the way to.* mostrar el prompt del sistema = prompt.* mostrar en pantalla = display + on screen, screen.* mostrar extrañeza = raise + eyebrows.* mostrar gratitud = show + gratitude.* mostrar incredulidad = express + disbelief.* mostrar indiferencia = give + Nombre + the cold shoulder, turn + a cold shoulder to, cold-shoulder.* mostrar interés = mark + interest.* mostrar interés en = show + interest in.* mostrar interés por = express + interest in.* mostrar las diferencias = turn up + differences.* mostrar las razones por las que = show + cause why.* mostrar lealtad = show + loyalty.* mostrar los dientes = show + Posesivo + teeth, bare + Posesivo + teeth.* mostrar los resultados = display + results.* mostrar los sentimientos de Uno = wear + Posesivo + heart on + Posesivo + sleeve, show + Posesivo + feelings.* mostrar los términos relacionados = expand.* mostrar miedo = show + fear.* mostrar orgullosamente = show off.* mostrar poderío = flex + Posesivo + muscles.* mostrar por medio de cambio de intensidad en el brillo = flash up.* mostrar por primera vez = premiere.* mostrar + Posesivo + agradecimiento = pay + Posesivo + respects.* mostrar + Posesivo + sincero agradecimiento = pay + Posesivo + deep respects.* mostrar posibilidades = show + potential.* mostrar preferencia por = slant.* mostrar preocupación (por) = express + concern (at), express + Posesivo + dismay (at).* mostrar respeto = show + respect.* mostrar satisfacción = express + satisfaction.* mostrarse = appear.* mostrarse como Uno realmente es = show + Reflexivo + in + Posesivo + true colours, reveal + Posesivo + true colours, show + Posesivo + true colours.* mostrarse indiferente = give + Nombre + the cold shoulder, turn + a cold shoulder to, cold-shoulder.* mostrarse reacio a = baulk at [balk at].* mostrarse vulnerable = leave + Nombre/Reflexivo + vulnerable.* mostrar signos de = show + signs of.* mostrar sorpresa = raise + eyebrows, register + surprise.* mostrar temor = show + fear.* orden de mostrar los términos relacionados = expand command.* resultados + mostrar = results + show.* volver a mostrar = redisplay.* * *vt1 (enseñar, indicar) to showtodavía no me has mostrado las fotos you still haven't shown me the photographs¿me podría mostrar esa blusa roja? could I see o could you show me that red blouse?les mostró el camino que debían seguir he showed them which way to go, he pointed the route out to themmuéstrame cómo funciona show me how it works2 ‹interés/entusiasmo› to show, display ( frml)mostró su preocupación por la publicidad que se le había dado al caso he showed concern at the publicity the case had received(+ compl):se mostró muy atento con nosotros he looked after us very well, he showed us great kindness ( frml)se mostró muy contento he was very happyse mostraron partidarios de la propuesta they expressed support for the proposalnunca se ha mostrado agresivo con él she's never displayed o shown any aggression toward(s) him, she's never been at all aggressive (in her behavior) toward(s) him* * *
mostrar ( conjugate mostrar) verbo transitivo
to show;
mostrarse verbo pronominal (+ compl): se mostró muy atento con nosotros he was very obliging (to us);
se mostraron partidarios de la propuesta they expressed support for the proposal
mostrar verbo transitivo to show: muéstrame el camino, show me the way
' mostrar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acusar
- comenzar
- congelamiento
- decir
- despegar
- desvivirse
- repaso
- revelar
- enseñar
- les
- orientar
- pasar
- presentar
- protestar
- voluntad
English:
colour
- develop
- display
- embarrassing
- exhibit
- flash
- muster
- present
- read
- register
- reveal
- show
- way
- feature
- flex
- take
* * *♦ vt1. [objeto] to show;me mostró su colección de sellos he showed me his stamp collection;el macho muestra su plumaje a la hembra the male displays his plumage to the female2. [sentimiento] to show;mostró su satisfacción por la concesión del premio she expressed pleasure at having been awarded the prize3. [demostrar] to show;muéstranos cómo se pone en marcha show us how to start it;te mostraré que lo que digo es verdad I'll show you o prove to you that what I'm saying is true* * *v/t show* * *mostrar {19} vt1) : to show2) exhibir: to exhibit, to display* * * -
43 confermare
confirm* * *confermare v.tr.1 ( ribadire) to confirm: l'ho detto e ora lo confermo, I said it and I confirm it now; confermare le proprie dimissioni, to confirm one's resignation; confermare un invito a cena, to confirm an invitation to dinner (o supper)2 ( convalidare) to confirm, to ratify (anche dir.); ( rafforzare) to corroborate, to strengthen; to bear* out: confermare un ordine, to confirm (o to ratify) an order; confermare una sentenza, to confirm (o to affirm o to ratify) a judgement; confermare la deposizione di qlcu., to corroborate (o to bear out) s.o.'s evidence; i miei sospetti furono confermati dal suo comportamento, my suspicions were borne out (o strengthened) by his behaviour // (banca) confermare un assegno, to clear (o to certify) a cheque // l'eccezione conferma la regola, the exception proves the rule3 ( riconfermare, rinnovare) to confirm: fu confermato nella carica di presidente, he was confirmed in his appointment as chairman◘ confermarsi v.rifl.1 to prove (oneself): si sta confermando un ottimo medico, he is proving to be a good doctor; si è confermato il miglior giocatore in campo, he proved to be the best player on the field; il mio computer si conferma di sempre maggiore utilità, my computer is proving to be more and more useful2 ( persuadersi) to resolve: si confermò nel proposito di cambiar vita, he resolved to change his life.* * *[konfer'mare] 1.verbo transitivo1) (convalidare) to confirm [ordine, fatto, giudizio, decisione]2) (ribadire)3) (rafforzare, dimostrare) [fatti, prove] to back up, to support [caso, teoria]; to bear* out [ storia]4) (rinsaldare) to affirm [sostegno, popolarità]; to confirm [ opinione]5) relig. to confirm2.verbo pronominale confermarsi1) (rafforzarsi) [voce, notizia] to prove founded2) (affermarsi)si conferma come uno dei nostri migliori attori — he's established himself as one of our best actors
* * *confermare/konfer'mare/ [1]1 (convalidare) to confirm [ordine, fatto, giudizio, decisione]2 (ribadire) hanno confermato che sono morte due persone two people were confirmed dead3 (rafforzare, dimostrare) [fatti, prove] to back up, to support [caso, teoria]; to bear* out [ storia]4 (rinsaldare) to affirm [sostegno, popolarità]; to confirm [ opinione]5 relig. to confirmII confermarsi verbo pronominale1 (rafforzarsi) [voce, notizia] to prove founded2 (affermarsi) si conferma come uno dei nostri migliori attori he's established himself as one of our best actors. -
44 подтверждать
1. bear bore bornподтверждать; поддерживать — to bear out
поддерживать; подтверждать, подкреплять — bear out
2. affirm3. bearсвидетельствовать о, подтверждать, показывать — to bear evidence of
4. lend supportоказывать поддержку; подтверждать — lend support
5. vindicate6. acing7. acknowledge by8. attest9. attested10. check outподтверждать; проявлять себя в полной мере; доказывать готовность; демонстрировать положительные свойства — prove out
11. confirmative12. confirmatory13. confirmed14. corroborant15. corroborative16. corroboratory17. document18. documentedдокумент, подтверждающий наличность — stock position confirmation document
19. documenting20. prove out21. re-affirm22. reaffirm23. reassert24. write to acknowledge25. confirm; corroborate; acknowledge; prove true26. acknowledge27. consolidate28. corroborate29. substantiate30. sustain31. verifyСинонимический ряд:свидетельствовать (глаг.) говорить; доказывать; знаменовать; свидетельствовать; удостоверять; указыватьАнтонимический ряд: -
45 point
point [pɔɪnt]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. noun2. plural noun5. compounds━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. nouna. ( = sharp end) pointe f• not to put too fine a point on it ( = frankly) pour être franc• three point six (3.6) trois virgule six (3,6)c. (in space, in time) point m• he had reached a point where he began to doubt whether... il en était arrivé à se demander si...► point of + noun• he had reached the point of resigning il en était arrivé au point de donner sa démission► up to a point jusqu'à un certain pointe. ( = idea) point m• you have a point there! il y a du vrai dans ce que vous dites !• he made the point that... il fit remarquer que...• point taken! (inf) d'accord !► a point of + noun• it was a point of honour with him never to refuse il se faisait un point d'honneur de ne jamais refuser• point of interest/of no importance point m intéressant/sans importancef. ( = important part) [of argument] objet m• that's just the point! justement !• to come to the point [person] en venir au fait• when it comes to the point, they don't value education au fond, ils n'accordent pas beaucoup d'importance à l'éducationg. ( = meaning) what was the point of his visit? quel était le but de sa visite ?• the point of this story is that... la morale de l'histoire, c'est que...h. ( = use) what's the point? à quoi bon ?• what's the point of waiting? à quoi bon attendre ?i. ( = characteristic) caractéristique f• the points to look for when buying a car les choses fpl auxquelles il faut faire attention lorsqu'on achète une voiture2. plural noun• when they ask questions he points them in the direction of the library quand ils posent des questions, il leur dit d'aller à la bibliothèquec. [+ toes] pointera. [person] montrer du doigt• to point at sth/sb désigner qch/qn du doigt• it all points to the fact that... tout laisse à penser que...5. compounds• at point-blank range à bout portant adverb [fire, shoot] à bout portant ; [refuse] catégoriquement ; [demand] de but en blanc ► point-by-point adjective méthodiquea. ( = show) [+ person, object, place] indiquerb. ( = mention) faire remarquer• I should point out that... je dois vous signaler que...* * *[pɔɪnt] 1.1) (of knife, needle, pencil etc) pointe f2) (location, position on scale) point m; ( less specific) endroit membarkation point — lieu m d'embarquement
point of entry — ( into country) point d'arrivée; ( of bullet into body) point d'impact; ( into atmosphere) point d'entrée
3) (extent, degree) point m5) (question, idea) point mto take up ou return to somebody's point — revenir sur un point soulevé par quelqu'un
you've made your point, please let me speak — vous vous êtes exprimé, laissez-moi parler
to make a point of doing something — ( as matter of pride) mettre un point d'honneur à faire quelque chose; ( do deliberately) faire quelque chose exprès
my point was that — ce que je voulais dire, c'était que
I take your point — ( agreeing) je suis d'accord avec vous
I take your point, but — je vois bien où vous voulez en venir, mais
all right, point taken! — très bien, j'en prends note
6) ( central idea) point m essentielto keep ou stick to the point — rester dans le sujet
7) ( purpose) objet mwhat's the point of doing...? — à quoi bon faire...?
8) (feature, characteristic) point m, côté m9) Sport, Finance ( in scoring) point mto win on points — ( in boxing) remporter une victoire aux points
match point — ( in tennis) balle f de match
10) ( dot) point m; ( decimal point) virgule f; ( diacritic) signe m diacritique; Mathematics point m2.points plural noun1) GB Railways aiguillages mpl, aiguilles fpl2) Automobile électrodes fpl3) ( in ballet)3.transitive verb1) (aim, direct)to point something at somebody — braquer quelque chose sur quelqu'un [camera, gun]
to point the finger at somebody — ( accuse) accuser quelqu'un
to point something towards — (of car, boat) diriger quelque chose vers
to point somebody in the right direction — lit, fig mettre quelqu'un dans la bonne direction
2) ( show)to point the way to — lit (person, signpost) indiquer la direction de
3) (in ballet, gym)4) Construction jointoyer [wall]4.1) ( indicate) indiquer or montrer (du doigt)to point at somebody/something — montrer quelqu'un/quelque chose du doigt
2) [signpost, arrow] indiquerto point at somebody ou in somebody's direction — [gun, camera] être braqué sur quelqu'un
•Phrasal Verbs:- point up -
46 Bestätigung
f1. confirmation; von Theorie etc. corroboration; seine Bestätigung finden be confirmed ( oder borne out, corroborated) (in + Dat by)2. (Bescheinigung) written confirmation, certificate4. JUR. von Urteil: upholding* * *die Bestätigungconfirmation; verification; affirmation; receipt; corroboration; acknowledgment; certification; endorsement; validation; acknowledgement* * *Be|stä|ti|gungf -, -en1) confirmation (auch Dokument); (COMPUT) (von Kennwort etc) validation; (von Theorie, Alibi) bearing out, corroboration; (JUR von Urteil) upholding2) (= Empfangsbestätigung) acknowledgement (of receipt)3) (= Beurkundung) confirmation, certification, attestation; (im Amt) confirmation of appointment4) (= Anerkennung) recognition* * *die2) ratification* * *Be·stä·ti·gung<-, -en>fschriftliche \Bestätigung written confirmation[in] \Bestätigung der Beweise [o des Alibis] [in] confirmation [or corroboration] of [the] evidencedies sind Beweise zur \Bestätigung meines Verdachts this evidence proves my suspicions were right\Bestätigung/keine \Bestätigung finden (geh) to be validated/to not be validated form; JUR to be upheld [or sustained]er sucht doch bloß \Bestätigung! he's merely trying to boost his ego!3. (bestätigendes Schriftstück) written confirmation, certification, certificate* * *die; Bestätigung, Bestätigungen confirmation; (des Empfangs) acknowledgement; (schriftlich) letter of confirmationdie Bestätigung in seinem Amt — the confirmation of his appointment
* * *1. confirmation; von Theorie etc corroboration;seine Bestätigung finden be confirmed ( oder borne out, corroborated) (in +dat by)2. (Bescheinigung) written confirmation, certificate* * *die; Bestätigung, Bestätigungen confirmation; (des Empfangs) acknowledgement; (schriftlich) letter of confirmation* * *f.acknowledgement n.confirmation n.corroboration n.ratification n.recognition n.validation n. -
47 se
1. conj ifse mai if need bese mai arrivasse... should he arrive...come se as ifse no if not2. pron = si in front of lo, la, li, le, ne* * *se1 cong.1 (con valore condiz.) if: se comincia, se comincerà a parlare, non la finirà più, if he starts talking, he'll never stop; se ci vediamo, ne parliamo, if we meet, we can talk about it; se verrai, ti divertirai, you'll enjoy yourself if you come; se tutto va bene, domani siamo a casa, if all goes well, we'll be home by tomorrow; se volete arrivare in tempo, dovete sbrigarvi, if you want to arrive in time, you'll have to hurry up; ti passiamo a prendere se vuoi, we'll call for you if you like; se non mi trovi in casa, chiamami in ufficio, if you don't find me at home, call me at the office; se non disturbo, ti vengo a trovare, I'll come and see you, if it's all right with you; se non ha contanti, può pagare con un assegno, if you haven't the cash you can pay by cheque; se non ti dispiace ci vediamo un'altra volta, we'll see each other some other time if you don't mind; se non troveremo posto in aereo, verremo in treno, if we can't find seats on the plane we'll come by train; se fossi in te, mi prenderei una vacanza, if I were you, I'd have a holiday; se avessi i soldi, mi comprerei un appartamento più grande, if I had the money, I'd buy myself a bigger flat; se potesse aiutarti lo farebbe, if he could help you, he would; se dovesse piovere, la gara sarà rinviata, should it (o if it should) rain, the competition will be postponed; se non abitassero così lontano, li vedremmo più spesso, if they didn't live so far away, we'd see them more often; se non fosse così tardi, vi direi di venire a casa mia, if it weren't so late, I'd tell you to come to my place; se avessi studiato di più, saresti stato promosso, if you had studied harder, you would have passed; sarebbe arrivato prima, se non avesse perso il treno, he would have arrived sooner, if he hadn't missed the train; promise che, se fosse passato da Milano, sarebbe venuto a salutarci, he promised that if he was passing through Milan, he would come and see us; disse che l'avrebbe comprato se non fosse stato così caro, he said he would have bought it, if it hadn't been so expensive // In alcune frasi incidentali: se non mi sbaglio, if I'm not mistaken (o wrong); se possibile, se si può, if possible; se (è) necessario, if (it's) necessary; se ho ben capito, if I've got it right; se è lecito, if I may: posso chiederti, se è lecito, dove te ne vai stasera?, I'd like to know where you're going this evening, if it isn't a rude question2 ( in frasi dubitative e interrogative indirette) whether, if: non so se dovrei dirglielo o no, I don't know whether I should tell him or not; chissà se sono già partiti, I wonder whether they have already left; mi domando se sia stata una buona idea, I wonder whether it was a good idea; è indeciso se accettare o rifiutare l'offerta, he's undecided whether to accept the offer or not; si chiedeva se lei l'avrebbe mai perdonato, he wondered whether she would ever forgive him; telefoniamogli per sentire se ha voglia di uscire, let's phone him to find out if he feels like going out // non so se mi spiego, I don't know if you get my meaning // Con uso rafforzativo o enfatico: Se è vero? Ma è verissimo!, it's as true as I'm standing here; lo so io se ce ne vuole di pazienza!, I know how much patience is needed!; immagina se ero contento!, you can imagine how happy I was!3 ( con valore desiderativo) if only: se lui fosse qui!, if only he were here!; se vincessi al totocalcio!, if only I could win the football pools!; se potessi essere a casa mia!, if only I could be back home!; se ( solo) l'avessi saputo!, if only I had known!; se fossero arrivati in tempo!, if only they had arrived in time! // se Dio vuole!, ( finalmente) thank God! // se tu sapessi!, if you only knew!; se lo prendo!, if I lay my hands on him! // e se provassimo?, suppose we try?; e se facessimo un bridge?, what about a game of bridge?4 ( con valore causale) if: se ti dico che è vero, devi credermi!, if I tell you it's true, you've got to believe me!; se eri in ritardo, potevi prendere un taxi, if you were late, you could have taken a taxi; se lo sapeva, perché non ci ha avvertito?, if he knew, why didn't he tell us?5 (con valore concessivo, spesso rafforzato da anche, pure, neppure) (even) if: se lui aveva ragione, noi non avevamo torto, even if he was right, we weren't wrong (either); se anche ha sbagliato, non per questo lo condanno, even if he made a mistake, I'm not going to condemn him for it; se pure volesse rimediare, ormai è troppo tardi, even if he wanted to make amends, it's too late now; anche se vinceranno la partita, non entreranno in finale, even if they win the match, they won't qualify for the final; non ci crederei neppure se lo vedessi con i miei occhi, I wouldn't believe it even if I saw it with my own eyes6 come se, as if, as though: come se fosse colpa mia, as if (o as though) it were my fault; come se non lo conoscessimo!, as if we didn't know him!; ti comporti come se non te ne importasse nulla, you behave as if (o as though) you didn't care.◆ FRASEOLOGIA: se mai → semmai // se no, if not (o otherwise): dammi retta, se no te ne pentirai, listen to me, if not (o otherwise) you'll be sorry // se non, if not; ( tranne) but: le vittime saranno un migliaio, se non di più, there must be about a thousand victims, if not more; questa è una delle sue opere migliori, se non la migliore di tutte, this is one of his best works, if not the best; in quelle condizioni non si poteva far altro se non aspettare, in that state of affairs there was nothing else to do but (o except) wait; non può essere stato se non lui, it can only have been he (o him) // se non altro, if nothing as if else (o more); if only; ( almeno) at least: se non altro è onesto, he's honest, if nothing else (o at least he's honest); telefonagli, se non altro per educazione, phone him, if only out of politeness; non ha vinto la gara ma, se non altro, ha partecipato, he didn't win the competition, but at least he took part; non si è divertito, ma se non altro si è riposato, he didn't enjoy himself, but at least he had a rest // se non che → sennonché // se non fosse ( stato) per..., but for...: se non fosse ( stato) per lui, non ci troveremmo in questa situazione, but for him we wouldn't have been in this situation // se non fosse che, but for the fact that, (form.) but that; se non fosse che le prove dimostrano la sua colpa, non ci crederei, but for the fact that (o form. but that) the evidence proves his guilt, I wouldn't believe it.se1 s.m.1 ( incertezza) if: con tutti i suoi ma e se non combina mai nulla, with all his ifs and buts, he never does anything2 ( obiezione) condition; (fam.) a big if: accetto, ma c'è un se, I accept, but there's one condition (o there's a big if).se2 pron.pers.m. e f. di 3a pers.sing. e pl. ( usato in luogo di si davanti ai pron.pers. lo, la, li, le e alla particella pron. ne; in inglese non si traduce): se ne andò, he, she went away; se ne discusse a lungo, they (o we) talked it over at length; se lo portarono via, they carried him away; non se l'è fatto dire due volte, he didn't need to be told twice.* * *abbr1) (= Sud-Est) SE2) (= Sua Eccellenza) HE* * *I 1. [se]1) (condizionale) ifse telefona, digli che non ci sono — if he phones, tell him I'm not in
se fossi in te o al tuo posto if I were you; sarei contento se piovesse — I would be happy if it rained
2) (causativo)se lo sapevi perché non me l'hai detto? — since you knew, why didn't you tell me?
se proprio insisti, vengo — if you insist, I'll come
3) (concessivo) ifse anche, anche se — even if, even though
è furbo, anche se non sembra — he's sly although he doesn't look it
4) (in frasi esclamative) ifse (solo o almeno) lo avessi saputo! if only I had known! had I known! se Dio vuole! God willing! se ho voglia di partire? ma certo! — do I want to leave? but of course I do!
6) (per introdurre una dubitativa o un'interrogativa indiretta) if, whether7) se non if not, unlessnon ha preso con sé nulla se non un libro — he didn't take anything with him apart from o other than a book
una delle città più belle, se non addirittura la più bella — one of the most beautiful cities, if not the most beautiful
se non fosse stato per me, sarebbe andato — he would have gone but for me
8) se no if not, otherwise, or elsesmettila, se no... — stop that now, or else...
non è per niente pericoloso, se no non lo farei — it's quite safe, otherwise I wouldn't do it
9) se maise mai vedessi — if you ever see o if ever you see
2.se mai andrò da qualche parte, sarà in Australia — I'm going to Australia, if anything o if I go anywhere
sostantivo maschile (incertezza) ifII [se]se l'è presa comoda — he took his time, he took it easy
••se ne sono andati — they left, they went away
Note:v. la nota della voce io* * *se1/se/Rinviando alla voce qui sotto per i diversi valori semantici espressi dalla congiunzione se, vanno specificati i seguenti punti. - Il se condizionale è seguito da should per marcare un'ipotesi remota: se telefonasse qualcuno... (= se qualcuno dovesse telefonare...) = if anybody should phone...; if nella frase condizionale può essere sostituito, usando uno stile elevato, dall'inversione tra soggetto e ausiliare: se avessi saputo che era a Roma... = had I known he was in Rome... - Quando, dopo verbi come to ask, to know, to wonder ecc., se introduce un'interrogativa indiretta o una dubitativa, la traduzione è if oppure whether, quest'ultimo usato specialmente se lo stile è più formale o se viene esplicitata l'alternativa se... o: non so se lo sa = I don't know if he knows; mi chiedo se l'abbia fatto o meno = I wonder whether he did it or not. - Quando se non è reso con unless, questa congiunzione concentra in sé il contenuto negativo della frase, che pertanto non richiede negazione e ausiliare: se non me lo dici subito... = unless you tell me at once...1 (condizionale) if; se telefona, digli che non ci sono if he phones, tell him I'm not in; se vuoi vengo con te I'll come with you if you like; se fossi in te o al tuo posto if I were you; sarei contento se piovesse I would be happy if it rained2 (causativo) se lo sapevi perché non me l'hai detto? since you knew, why didn't you tell me? se proprio insisti, vengo if you insist, I'll come3 (concessivo) if; se anche, anche se even if, even though; è furbo, anche se non sembra he's sly although he doesn't look it4 (in frasi esclamative) if; se (solo o almeno) lo avessi saputo! if only I had known! had I known! se Dio vuole! God willing! se ho voglia di partire? ma certo! do I want to leave? but of course I do!5 (per esprimere suggerimento) e se andassimo al cinema? what about going to the cinema? e se tu passassi il weekend con noi? why don't you come and spend the weekend with us? e se portassi il dolce? what if I bring the dessert?6 (per introdurre una dubitativa o un'interrogativa indiretta) if, whether; mi chiedo se verrà I wonder if he will come; mi chiedo se sia vero (o no) I wonder whether it's true (or not)7 se non if not, unless; non ha preso con sé nulla se non un libro he didn't take anything with him apart from o other than a book; una delle città più belle, se non addirittura la più bella one of the most beautiful cities, if not the most beautiful; se non fosse stato per me, sarebbe andato he would have gone but for me; se non smetti di fumare ti rovinerai la salute you'll ruin your health unless you give up smoking; se non altro if nothing else8 se no if not, otherwise, or else; smettila, se no... stop that now, or else...; non è per niente pericoloso, se no non lo farei it's quite safe, otherwise I wouldn't do it9 se mai se mai vedessi if you ever see o if ever you see; se mai andrò da qualche parte, sarà in Australia I'm going to Australia, if anything o if I go anywhere(incertezza) if; ci sono molti se e ma there are lots of ifs and buts.————————se2/se/v. la nota della voce io.pron.pers.se l'è presa comoda he took his time, he took it easy; se la sono vista brutta they had a narrow escape; se ne sono andati they left, they went away. -
48 sé
1. conj ifse mai if need bese mai arrivasse... should he arrive...come se as ifse no if not2. pron = si in front of lo, la, li, le, ne* * *se1 cong.1 (con valore condiz.) if: se comincia, se comincerà a parlare, non la finirà più, if he starts talking, he'll never stop; se ci vediamo, ne parliamo, if we meet, we can talk about it; se verrai, ti divertirai, you'll enjoy yourself if you come; se tutto va bene, domani siamo a casa, if all goes well, we'll be home by tomorrow; se volete arrivare in tempo, dovete sbrigarvi, if you want to arrive in time, you'll have to hurry up; ti passiamo a prendere se vuoi, we'll call for you if you like; se non mi trovi in casa, chiamami in ufficio, if you don't find me at home, call me at the office; se non disturbo, ti vengo a trovare, I'll come and see you, if it's all right with you; se non ha contanti, può pagare con un assegno, if you haven't the cash you can pay by cheque; se non ti dispiace ci vediamo un'altra volta, we'll see each other some other time if you don't mind; se non troveremo posto in aereo, verremo in treno, if we can't find seats on the plane we'll come by train; se fossi in te, mi prenderei una vacanza, if I were you, I'd have a holiday; se avessi i soldi, mi comprerei un appartamento più grande, if I had the money, I'd buy myself a bigger flat; se potesse aiutarti lo farebbe, if he could help you, he would; se dovesse piovere, la gara sarà rinviata, should it (o if it should) rain, the competition will be postponed; se non abitassero così lontano, li vedremmo più spesso, if they didn't live so far away, we'd see them more often; se non fosse così tardi, vi direi di venire a casa mia, if it weren't so late, I'd tell you to come to my place; se avessi studiato di più, saresti stato promosso, if you had studied harder, you would have passed; sarebbe arrivato prima, se non avesse perso il treno, he would have arrived sooner, if he hadn't missed the train; promise che, se fosse passato da Milano, sarebbe venuto a salutarci, he promised that if he was passing through Milan, he would come and see us; disse che l'avrebbe comprato se non fosse stato così caro, he said he would have bought it, if it hadn't been so expensive // In alcune frasi incidentali: se non mi sbaglio, if I'm not mistaken (o wrong); se possibile, se si può, if possible; se (è) necessario, if (it's) necessary; se ho ben capito, if I've got it right; se è lecito, if I may: posso chiederti, se è lecito, dove te ne vai stasera?, I'd like to know where you're going this evening, if it isn't a rude question2 ( in frasi dubitative e interrogative indirette) whether, if: non so se dovrei dirglielo o no, I don't know whether I should tell him or not; chissà se sono già partiti, I wonder whether they have already left; mi domando se sia stata una buona idea, I wonder whether it was a good idea; è indeciso se accettare o rifiutare l'offerta, he's undecided whether to accept the offer or not; si chiedeva se lei l'avrebbe mai perdonato, he wondered whether she would ever forgive him; telefoniamogli per sentire se ha voglia di uscire, let's phone him to find out if he feels like going out // non so se mi spiego, I don't know if you get my meaning // Con uso rafforzativo o enfatico: Se è vero? Ma è verissimo!, it's as true as I'm standing here; lo so io se ce ne vuole di pazienza!, I know how much patience is needed!; immagina se ero contento!, you can imagine how happy I was!3 ( con valore desiderativo) if only: se lui fosse qui!, if only he were here!; se vincessi al totocalcio!, if only I could win the football pools!; se potessi essere a casa mia!, if only I could be back home!; se ( solo) l'avessi saputo!, if only I had known!; se fossero arrivati in tempo!, if only they had arrived in time! // se Dio vuole!, ( finalmente) thank God! // se tu sapessi!, if you only knew!; se lo prendo!, if I lay my hands on him! // e se provassimo?, suppose we try?; e se facessimo un bridge?, what about a game of bridge?4 ( con valore causale) if: se ti dico che è vero, devi credermi!, if I tell you it's true, you've got to believe me!; se eri in ritardo, potevi prendere un taxi, if you were late, you could have taken a taxi; se lo sapeva, perché non ci ha avvertito?, if he knew, why didn't he tell us?5 (con valore concessivo, spesso rafforzato da anche, pure, neppure) (even) if: se lui aveva ragione, noi non avevamo torto, even if he was right, we weren't wrong (either); se anche ha sbagliato, non per questo lo condanno, even if he made a mistake, I'm not going to condemn him for it; se pure volesse rimediare, ormai è troppo tardi, even if he wanted to make amends, it's too late now; anche se vinceranno la partita, non entreranno in finale, even if they win the match, they won't qualify for the final; non ci crederei neppure se lo vedessi con i miei occhi, I wouldn't believe it even if I saw it with my own eyes6 come se, as if, as though: come se fosse colpa mia, as if (o as though) it were my fault; come se non lo conoscessimo!, as if we didn't know him!; ti comporti come se non te ne importasse nulla, you behave as if (o as though) you didn't care.◆ FRASEOLOGIA: se mai → semmai // se no, if not (o otherwise): dammi retta, se no te ne pentirai, listen to me, if not (o otherwise) you'll be sorry // se non, if not; ( tranne) but: le vittime saranno un migliaio, se non di più, there must be about a thousand victims, if not more; questa è una delle sue opere migliori, se non la migliore di tutte, this is one of his best works, if not the best; in quelle condizioni non si poteva far altro se non aspettare, in that state of affairs there was nothing else to do but (o except) wait; non può essere stato se non lui, it can only have been he (o him) // se non altro, if nothing as if else (o more); if only; ( almeno) at least: se non altro è onesto, he's honest, if nothing else (o at least he's honest); telefonagli, se non altro per educazione, phone him, if only out of politeness; non ha vinto la gara ma, se non altro, ha partecipato, he didn't win the competition, but at least he took part; non si è divertito, ma se non altro si è riposato, he didn't enjoy himself, but at least he had a rest // se non che → sennonché // se non fosse ( stato) per..., but for...: se non fosse ( stato) per lui, non ci troveremmo in questa situazione, but for him we wouldn't have been in this situation // se non fosse che, but for the fact that, (form.) but that; se non fosse che le prove dimostrano la sua colpa, non ci crederei, but for the fact that (o form. but that) the evidence proves his guilt, I wouldn't believe it.se1 s.m.1 ( incertezza) if: con tutti i suoi ma e se non combina mai nulla, with all his ifs and buts, he never does anything2 ( obiezione) condition; (fam.) a big if: accetto, ma c'è un se, I accept, but there's one condition (o there's a big if).se2 pron.pers.m. e f. di 3a pers.sing. e pl. ( usato in luogo di si davanti ai pron.pers. lo, la, li, le e alla particella pron. ne; in inglese non si traduce): se ne andò, he, she went away; se ne discusse a lungo, they (o we) talked it over at length; se lo portarono via, they carried him away; non se l'è fatto dire due volte, he didn't need to be told twice.* * *abbr1) (= Sud-Est) SE2) (= Sua Eccellenza) HE* * *I 1. [se]1) (condizionale) ifse telefona, digli che non ci sono — if he phones, tell him I'm not in
se fossi in te o al tuo posto if I were you; sarei contento se piovesse — I would be happy if it rained
2) (causativo)se lo sapevi perché non me l'hai detto? — since you knew, why didn't you tell me?
se proprio insisti, vengo — if you insist, I'll come
3) (concessivo) ifse anche, anche se — even if, even though
è furbo, anche se non sembra — he's sly although he doesn't look it
4) (in frasi esclamative) ifse (solo o almeno) lo avessi saputo! if only I had known! had I known! se Dio vuole! God willing! se ho voglia di partire? ma certo! — do I want to leave? but of course I do!
6) (per introdurre una dubitativa o un'interrogativa indiretta) if, whether7) se non if not, unlessnon ha preso con sé nulla se non un libro — he didn't take anything with him apart from o other than a book
una delle città più belle, se non addirittura la più bella — one of the most beautiful cities, if not the most beautiful
se non fosse stato per me, sarebbe andato — he would have gone but for me
8) se no if not, otherwise, or elsesmettila, se no... — stop that now, or else...
non è per niente pericoloso, se no non lo farei — it's quite safe, otherwise I wouldn't do it
9) se maise mai vedessi — if you ever see o if ever you see
2.se mai andrò da qualche parte, sarà in Australia — I'm going to Australia, if anything o if I go anywhere
sostantivo maschile (incertezza) ifII [se]se l'è presa comoda — he took his time, he took it easy
••se ne sono andati — they left, they went away
Note:v. la nota della voce io* * *sé/se/v. la nota della voce io.pron.pers.1 (impersonale) oneself; essere sicuro di sé to be sure of oneself; per una migliore conoscenza di sé for a better self-knowledge; prendersi cura di se stesso to take care of oneself; tenere qcs. per sé to keep sth. to oneself; rimanere fedele a se stesso to remain true to oneself; parlare tra sé e sé to talk to oneself; la parte migliore di sé one's better self2 (singolare) (riferito a uomo) himself, him; (riferito a donna) herself, her; (riferito a cosa o animale) itself, it; (plurale) themselves, them; non aveva abbastanza soldi con sé he, she didn't have enough money about o on him, her; il mio anello in sé o se stesso non ha valore my ring is of no value in itself; se lo sono tenuto per sé they kept it for themselvesa sé stante [questione, problema] separate; ha fatto tutto da sé he did it all by himself o he did it all alone; si è fatto da sé he's a self-made man; di per sé, in sé (e per sé) in itself; un episodio di per sé banale an episode that is in itself commonplace; va da sé (che) it goes without saying (that); essere fuori di sé, non stare in sé to be beside oneself (da, per with). -
49 prove
[pruːv] 1.1) (show) provare; (by demonstration) dimostrare2) dir. omologare [ will]3) gastr. fare lievitare [ dough]2.1) (turn out) dimostrarsi, rivelarsi2) gastr. [ dough] lievitare3.to prove oneself (to be) — rivelarsi, dimostrarsi
* * *[pru:v]1) (to show to be true or correct: This fact proves his guilt; He was proved guilty; Can you prove your theory?) provare, dimostrare2) (to turn out, or be found, to be: His suspicions proved (to be) correct; This tool proved very useful.) dimostrarsi, rivelarsi•- proven* * *[pruːv] 1.1) (show) provare; (by demonstration) dimostrare2) dir. omologare [ will]3) gastr. fare lievitare [ dough]2.1) (turn out) dimostrarsi, rivelarsi2) gastr. [ dough] lievitare3.to prove oneself (to be) — rivelarsi, dimostrarsi
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50 infinitive
[ɪn'fɪnɪtɪv]nUSAGE:(1.) Инфинитив без частицы to употребляется: (а.) после всех модальных глаголов, кроме модальных глаголов to have, to be, ought; (b) после модальных конструкций have better, would rather, needn't, и глагола to dare; (c) после вопросительной конструкции с why, выражающей предположение о том, что что-либо бессмысленно, бесполезно или глупо: why go there? к чему (с какой стати) туда идти?; (d) после подлежащих, выраженных придаточным предложением, которое начинается с what и all: what he expected me yor do was ask him about it; all he had to do was open the door; (e) в конструкции сложного дополнения с глаголами чувств: to see, to hear, to feel, to notice, to observe, to watch, to listen в форме активного залога (в форме пассивного залога со всеми этими глаголами инфинитив употребляется с частицей to: we saw him cross the street, ср., однако, he was seen to cross the street); (f) после глаголов to make и to let в конструкции Complex Object: let me think it over; (g) после глагола to help: help the old man cross the street. (2.) Инфинитив с частицей to употребляется: (а.) в конструкции Complex Object (smb to do smth) после глаголов to allow, to enable, to expect, to like, to mean, to prefer, to want: I expect him to come: (b) в конструкции с наречиями too и enough и последующим прилагательным: too high (for smb) to reach слишком высоко, чтобы кто-либо мог достать: easy enough to remember достаточно легко, чтобы запомнить. (3.) Инфинитив употребляется с рядом прилагательных, выражающих чувства, отношение к действию, степень качества или способ действия, таких как: able, afraid, anxious, ashamed, difficult, disappointed, eager, easy, fit, foolish, frightened, glad, likely, nice, pleasant, pleased, proper, proud, right, sad, silly, surprised, unable, willing, wrong: It's wrong to say so. (4.) Инфинит с частицей to употребляется после ряда существительных, таких как: ability, attempt, chance, desire, failure, inability, need, opportunity, unwillingness, willingness. (5.) Инфинитив с частицей to употребляется с рядом глаголов для выражения цели, образуя бессоюзное словосочетание в отличие от русского языка, где в этих случаях употребляется придаточное предложение: he came to discuss the plan он пришел для того, чтобы обсудить этот план. (6.) Инфинитив образует три комплекса: Complex Object, Complex Subject и For-Complex. Complex Object соответствует русским придаточным предложениям. Complex Object состоит из существительного в общем падеже или местоимения в объектном падеже и инфинитива. Complex Object употребляется после четырех групп глаголов: (а.) глаголов физического восприятия; (b) глаголов повеления, побуждения; (с) глаголов разрешения, запрещения; (d) глаголов желания, ожидания, умственной деятельности (см. таблицу): Types of Complex Object Типы конструкций сложных дополнений (а.) to see smb (smth) do smth; to hear smb (smth) do smth; to feel smb (smth) do smth; to notice smb (smth) do smth; to observe smb (smth) do smth; to watch smb (smth) do smth; (b) to have smb (smth) do smth; to make smb (smth) do smth; to let smb (smth) do smth; (c) to expect smb (smth) to do smth; to like smb (smth) to do smth; to mean smb (smth) to do smth; to prefer smb (smth) to do smth; to understand smb (smth) to do smth; to want smb (smth) to do smth; (d) to allow smb (smth) to do smth; to forbid smb (smth) to do smth; to order smb (smth) to do smth После глаголов групп (a.) и (b) инфинитив употребляется без частицы to: she didn't notice us come in она не заметила, как мы вошли; we watched him paint the fence мы наблюдали за тем, как он красил забор; the sound of his steps made me start звук его шагов заставил меня вздрогнуть. После глаголов групп (с) и (d) инфинитив употребляется с частицей to. Complex Subject состоит из существительного в общем падеже или местоимения в именительном падеже и инфинитива с частицей to. В русском языке комплекс соответствует придаточному предложению, а его части - безличным главным предложениям: she was seen to leave the house видели, как (что) она выходила из дома; he was said to be a good swimmer говорили, что он хороший пловец. Глаголы в главном предложении, кроме глаголов to seem, to happen, to prove, to turn out, употребляются в пассивной форме (см. таблицу): Types of Complex Subject constructions Типы конструкций сложных предложений (a.) smb (smth) is (was, will be) allowed(believed, considered, expected, heard, known, said, seen, suppose) to do smth (to be done); (b) smb (smth) happens (happened, proves, proved, seems, seemed, turns out, turned out, is certain, is likely, is not likely, is unlikely, is sure) to do smth (to be done, to have done, to be doing) Например: he didn't seem to have noticed anything unusual казалось, что он ничего необычного не заметил/не замечает; the ring proved to have been stolen оказалось, что кольцо было украдено; the dog is not likely to have been stolen собаку вряд ли украли; he is sure to come if he promised он обязательно приедет, если он обещал. For-Complex состоит из предлога for, существительного в общем падеже или местоимения в объектном падеже и инфинитива. Местоимение или имя существительное является подлежащим инфинитива: it is easier for him to phone than to write ему легче позвонить, чем написать. For-Complex может выполнять в предложении разные функции, представленные в таблице ниже: Subject - It is bad for you to smoke so much. - Вам вредно так много курить.; It will be best for her to see a doctor. - Ей лучше всего показаться врачу. Object - He arranged for us to stay here for a week. - Он договорился о том, чтобы мы здесь пробыли неделю. Attribute - There is nothing for us to do here. - Нам здесь делать нечего. Adverbial modifier of result - It is too easy for anyone to do. - Это легко сделать кому угодно. Adverbial modifier of purpose - He stood aside for me to pass. - Он посторонился, чтобы я мог пройти. -
51 prove
∎ the facts prove her (to be) guilty les faits prouvent qu'elle est coupable;∎ the autopsy proved that it was suicide l'autopsie prouva que c'était un suicide;∎ the evidence goes to prove that… les témoignages concourent à prouver que…;∎ the accused is innocent until proved or proven guilty l'accusé est innocent jusqu'à preuve du contraire ou tant que sa culpabilité n'est pas prouvée;∎ to prove sb right/wrong donner raison/tort à qn;∎ they can't prove anything against us ils n'ont aucune preuve contre nous;∎ to do sth to prove a point faire qch pour prouver qu'on a raison;∎ after their relegation last season, the team will be out to prove a point après sa relégation de la saison dernière, l'équipe tâchera de montrer de quoi elle est capable;∎ I think I've proved my point je crois avoir apporté la preuve de ce que j'avançais;∎ it remains to be proved whether the decision was correct rien ne prouve que cette décision était la bonne;∎ she quickly proved herself indispensable elle s'est vite montrée indispensable;∎ he has already proved his loyalty il a déjà prouvé sa fidélité, sa fidélité n'est plus à prouver(b) (proposition, theorem → in maths, logic) démontrer(c) (put to the test) mettre à l'épreuve;∎ the method has not yet been proved la méthode n'a pas encore fait ses preuves;∎ to prove oneself faire ses preuves(a) (turn out) s'avérer, se révéler;∎ your suspicions proved (to be) well-founded vos soupçons se sont avérés fondés;∎ the arrangement proved (to be) unworkable cet arrangement s'est révélé impraticable;∎ the hotel proved to be open l'hôtel s'avéra être ouvert;∎ he may prove (to be) of help to you il pourrait bien vous être utile;∎ it has proved impossible to find him il a été impossible de le retrouver;∎ if that proves to be the case s'il s'avère que tel est le casmettre à l'épreuvefaire ses preuves -
52 rule
I[ru:l] n կանոն, սկզբունք. as a rule որպես կա նոն. against the rules հակառակ կա նոն ների. hard and fast rule հաստատված կանոն. keep/observe the rules կանոնները պահպանել. firm rule անփոփոխ կանոն. break the rules կանոն ները խախտել. make it a rule կանոն դարձնել. rule of the road ճանապարհային եր թևեկության կանոններ. rule of thumb փորձի վրա հիմնված կանոն/գործելակերպ. գործնական կանոն. standing rule մշտա կան/ան փոփոխ կանոն. The exception proves the rule Բացա ռությունը հաստատում է կանոնը. viօlate the rules խախտել օրենքը. (քանոն) slide rule լոգարիթմական քանոն. folding rule ծալովի մետր. (իշխանություն, տիրապետություն) the rule of the people ժողովրդական իշ խա նություն. the rule of the majority մեծամասնության իշխանություն. rule of law իրավական պ ե տություն. օրինական իրավակարգ. under the rule տիրապետության ներքոII[ru:l] v ղեկավարել, կառավարել. իշխել. կանոնակարգել. rule a country երկիր ղե կավարել. rule the seas ծովերի վրա իշխել. իրավ. կանոն սահմանել, վճռել. The court ruled Դատա րանը որոշեց. rule in favour of որո շել/ ընդունել (ի օգուտ). (գծել, տողել) rule a line գիծ քաշել, տողել. ruled paper տողած թուղթ. rule off a margin լուսանցք գծել. (բացառել) rule out բացառել. rule out the possibility հնա րավորությունը բացառել. We can’t rule him out Մենք չենք կարող նրան հանել -
53 ידע
יָדַע(b. h.; cmp. יָדָה) (to point out, select, love, 1) to recognize, know; to find out. Pes.87b כיון שי׳ שחטא when he was convinced that he had done wrong. Ib. ואין אתה יוֹדֵעַ אםוכ׳ and thou knowest not whether Ib. יודעהקב״ה את ישראלוכ׳ the Lord knows that Israel cannot endure the cruel persecutions of Rome (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note); Yalk. Hos. 529. Shebu.4b; ib. 5a. ונעלם מבלל שי׳ it says, ‘and it escaped his memory (Lev. 5:3)this proves that there was a time when he knew (the nature of his act, v. יְדִיעָה). Zeb.115b דבר זה … ולא יְדָעוֹוכ׳ this word (Ex. 29:43) the Lord had said to Moses, but he did not understand it, until the sons of Aaron died. Ib. כיון שי׳ … יְדוּעֵי מקום הן when Aaron learned that his sons were the chosen of the Lord (Lev. 10:3); a. v. fr.Part. pass. יָדוּעַ a) chosen. Pl. יְדוּעִים, constr. יְדוּעֵי, v. supra.b) known, special, certain. Sifra Vayikra, Ḥobah, Par. 6, ch. VIII חטא י׳ a known (discovered) sin, v. יְדִיעָה. Y.Sot.I, 16c טומאה יְדוּעָה (not ידוע) an ascertained levitical uncleanness, opp. ספק; a. fr.בְּיָדוּעַ it is sure. R. Hash. 20b בי׳ שנראהוכ׳ the moon must have been visible Succ.49b כל אדם … בי׳ שהואוכ׳ a popular man (v. חֵן) is, you may be sure, a God-fearing man; a. fr. 2) (euphem.) to have sexual intercourse with. Yeb.57a בלא יְדָעָהּ when he never had connection with her. Esth. R. to III, 7 שלא יְדָעָהּ אישוכ׳ whom no man except her husband touched; a. e. Hif. הוֹדִיעַ to make known, inform. Gen. R. s. 22, beg. (ref. to Gen. 4:1, reading יִדַּע for homiletical purposes) ה׳ דרך ארץ לכל he showed to all the way of the land (propagation, v. דֶּרֶךְ). Ḥull.V, 3 צריך להוֹדִיעַ must inform (the purchaser). Ab. IV, 22 לֵידַע להודיע ולהִוָּורַע to learn, to proclaim and to be made to feel (be thoroughly convinced). Sabb.10b צריך להוֹדִיעוֹ must inform him. Ib. לך והוֹדִיעֵם go and tell them. Ib. הנותן … צריך לה׳ לאמו he who gives bread to a child must inform his mother; a. fr. Hof. הוֹדַע to be informed, become conscious; to be made known. Shebu. I, 6 ה׳ ולאה׳ whether he became conscious (of his transgression) or not. Sifra Vayikra, Ḥobah, ch. 20, Par. 12 (ref. to Lev. 4:23; 28) אתה׳ שלהם when they become known; a. fr.B. Bath. 113b הוֹדְעָה Ms. M. (v. אָרַע II). Nif. נוֹדַע same. Hor.III, 3. Ab. IV, 22, v. supra. Shebu.9b שסופו לִיוָּדַע of which he is likely to be informed. Ḥull.9a עד שיִוָּדַע לך, v. חֲזָקָה. Nidd.IX, 5, v. infra; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְוַודַּע, Nithpa. נִתְוַודַּע 1) same. Bekh.25b עד שיִתְוַורַּע הטומאה (Nidd. l. c. עד שיודע לךוכ׳) until he ascertains the exact place of uncleanness; Pes.10a עד שתִּיוָּדַע לך Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.). Y.Sabb.III, 6b נתודע לווכ׳ he found it out after sunset; a. fr. 2) (v. מוֹדַע) to force ones self upon the notice of, to pretend friendship for. Ab. I, 10 אל תִּתְוַדַּע לרשות do not make thyself a partisan of the (foreign) government. -
54 יָדַע
יָדַע(b. h.; cmp. יָדָה) (to point out, select, love, 1) to recognize, know; to find out. Pes.87b כיון שי׳ שחטא when he was convinced that he had done wrong. Ib. ואין אתה יוֹדֵעַ אםוכ׳ and thou knowest not whether Ib. יודעהקב״ה את ישראלוכ׳ the Lord knows that Israel cannot endure the cruel persecutions of Rome (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note); Yalk. Hos. 529. Shebu.4b; ib. 5a. ונעלם מבלל שי׳ it says, ‘and it escaped his memory (Lev. 5:3)this proves that there was a time when he knew (the nature of his act, v. יְדִיעָה). Zeb.115b דבר זה … ולא יְדָעוֹוכ׳ this word (Ex. 29:43) the Lord had said to Moses, but he did not understand it, until the sons of Aaron died. Ib. כיון שי׳ … יְדוּעֵי מקום הן when Aaron learned that his sons were the chosen of the Lord (Lev. 10:3); a. v. fr.Part. pass. יָדוּעַ a) chosen. Pl. יְדוּעִים, constr. יְדוּעֵי, v. supra.b) known, special, certain. Sifra Vayikra, Ḥobah, Par. 6, ch. VIII חטא י׳ a known (discovered) sin, v. יְדִיעָה. Y.Sot.I, 16c טומאה יְדוּעָה (not ידוע) an ascertained levitical uncleanness, opp. ספק; a. fr.בְּיָדוּעַ it is sure. R. Hash. 20b בי׳ שנראהוכ׳ the moon must have been visible Succ.49b כל אדם … בי׳ שהואוכ׳ a popular man (v. חֵן) is, you may be sure, a God-fearing man; a. fr. 2) (euphem.) to have sexual intercourse with. Yeb.57a בלא יְדָעָהּ when he never had connection with her. Esth. R. to III, 7 שלא יְדָעָהּ אישוכ׳ whom no man except her husband touched; a. e. Hif. הוֹדִיעַ to make known, inform. Gen. R. s. 22, beg. (ref. to Gen. 4:1, reading יִדַּע for homiletical purposes) ה׳ דרך ארץ לכל he showed to all the way of the land (propagation, v. דֶּרֶךְ). Ḥull.V, 3 צריך להוֹדִיעַ must inform (the purchaser). Ab. IV, 22 לֵידַע להודיע ולהִוָּורַע to learn, to proclaim and to be made to feel (be thoroughly convinced). Sabb.10b צריך להוֹדִיעוֹ must inform him. Ib. לך והוֹדִיעֵם go and tell them. Ib. הנותן … צריך לה׳ לאמו he who gives bread to a child must inform his mother; a. fr. Hof. הוֹדַע to be informed, become conscious; to be made known. Shebu. I, 6 ה׳ ולאה׳ whether he became conscious (of his transgression) or not. Sifra Vayikra, Ḥobah, ch. 20, Par. 12 (ref. to Lev. 4:23; 28) אתה׳ שלהם when they become known; a. fr.B. Bath. 113b הוֹדְעָה Ms. M. (v. אָרַע II). Nif. נוֹדַע same. Hor.III, 3. Ab. IV, 22, v. supra. Shebu.9b שסופו לִיוָּדַע of which he is likely to be informed. Ḥull.9a עד שיִוָּדַע לך, v. חֲזָקָה. Nidd.IX, 5, v. infra; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְוַודַּע, Nithpa. נִתְוַודַּע 1) same. Bekh.25b עד שיִתְוַורַּע הטומאה (Nidd. l. c. עד שיודע לךוכ׳) until he ascertains the exact place of uncleanness; Pes.10a עד שתִּיוָּדַע לך Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.). Y.Sabb.III, 6b נתודע לווכ׳ he found it out after sunset; a. fr. 2) (v. מוֹדַע) to force ones self upon the notice of, to pretend friendship for. Ab. I, 10 אל תִּתְוַדַּע לרשות do not make thyself a partisan of the (foreign) government. -
55 rule
1. [ru:l] n1. правило; норма; принципrule of the road - а) правила дорожного движения; б) мор. правила расхождения судов
rule of three - мат. тройное правило
rules of procedure - а) регламент, правила процедуры; б) юр. процессуальные нормы; порядок судопроизводства
generally recognized rules of international law - общепризнанные нормы международного права
2. привычка, обычайas a rule - как правило; обычно
my rule is to have breakfast at seven o'clock - обычно я завтракаю в 7 часов утра
it is a rule with us - у нас такое правило /-ой обычай/
3. критерий, стандартrules of conduct - правила /нормы/ поведения
by rule - по шаблону, механически
he does everything by rule - он всегда действует по шаблону, он никогда не проявляет инициативы
4. правление, владычество, господствоcountries that were once under the British rule - страны, которые когда-то были под владычеством Англии
5. pl устав (общества, ордена)rules of the exchange - биржевой устав, правила биржи
6. (the rules) ист. территория по соседству с тюрьмой, на которой разрешалось жить некоторым заключённым (особ. должникам)7. юр. постановление по конкретному делу; предписание; приказrule absolute - постановление суда, имеющее окончательную силу
rule nisi - условно-окончательное предписание суда; предписание суда, имеющее неокончательную силу (вступающее в силу с определённого срока, если оно до этого не будет отменено)
8. 1) линейка; масштаб2) правило9. полигр. линейка; шпон2. [ru:l] v♢
there is no rule without an exception - нет правил без исключения1. 1) управлять, править; господствовать, властвоватьto rule with a heavy hand - править железной рукой /деспотически/
to rule over great overseas territories - господствовать над огромными заморскими территориями
2) царствовать; быть на тронеQueen Victoria ruled (for) nearly sixty years - королева Виктория правила почти 60 лет
2. руководитьthe headmaster ruled the school with a firm hand - директор установил в школе строгую дисциплину
they are ruled over by a dictatorial boss - ими командует начальник с диктаторскими замашками
3. контролировать, управлять; сдерживатьto be ruled - руководствоваться (чем-л.); слушаться чьего-л. совета
to rule against smth. - вынести постановление, запрещающее что-л.
the speaker was ruled out of order by the chairman - председатель (собрания) лишил оратора слова
the chairman ruled against admitting the press to the meeting - председатель отклонил предложение о допуске представителей печати
5. линовать, графитьto rule lines on paper, to rule paper - линовать бумагу
6. ком. стоять на уровне (о ценах, ставках и т. п.)prices continue to rule high [low] - цены продолжают стоять на высоком [низком] уровне
♢
to rule the roast /the roost/ - управлять, распоряжаться, хозяйничать, командовать, повелевать -
56 existir
v.1 to exist (ser real).los gnomos no existen gnomes don't existYo existo I am.2 to exist.existe el riesgo de… there is the risk that…existe mucha pobreza there is a lot of poverty3 to exist.mientras yo exista no tienes que preocuparte you don't have to worry while I'm still here4 to be, to have a being.* * *1 to exist, be\dejar de existir (empresa) to fold* * *verb* * *VI1) (=ser) to exist2) (=vivir) to livemientras yo exista — as long as I live o I'm alive
dejar de existir — euf to pass away euf
* * *verbo intransitivob) ( ser) to existpienso, luego existo — I think, therefore I am
c) ( vivir) to livedejó de existir — (period) he passed away (euph)
* * *= be, be available, be forthcoming, come in, exist, there + be, be in place, be in existence, be around.Ex. Systems such as Dialog, IRS, ORBIT and BLAISE may be accessed by libraries and information units.Ex. This emphasis upon 'the work' reflects the packaging of text, information, music, graphics, and so on, and indicates to the subsequent user what packages are available for use or consultation.Ex. Until additional funds are forthcoming, it is most helpful to 'push' such a plan.Ex. Such records come in a variety of physical forms.Ex. Difficulties may arise where equivalent terms do not exist in all of the languages of the thesaurus.Ex. There are a relatively large number of documents under each heading.Ex. Modular courses are already in place from which a student can pick and mix.Ex. Libraries have been in existence for a long time in many countries and so should have become an integral part of the culture.Ex. The author suggests that the book will be around for generations to come simply because it costs less.----* coexistir = coexist [co-exist].* debería existir = there + ought to be.* dejar de existir = be no more.* existir razones para = there + be + ground(s) for.* existir constancia de = anecdotal record, anecdotal evidence.* existir de antemano = pre-exist [preexist].* existir de muchos tipos = come in + many guises.* existir desde hace años = be around for years.* existir independientemente de = stand + independent of.* existir indicios de = there + be + signs of.* existir indicios de que = there + be + evidence that.* existir la posibilidad de = there + be + scope for.* existir la posibilidad de que = there + be + room for.* existir la tendencia a = there + be + a tendency (to/for).* existir mucha diferencia entre... y... = be a far cry from... to....* existir pruebas de que = there + be + evidence that.* existir una demanda de = there + be + call for.* existir una necesidad de = there + be + call for.* no existir = be out of the picture.* no existir como tal = there + be + no such thing as.* no existir límites = there + be + no limit.* no existir muchos indicios de que = there + be + little sign of.* no existir ningún indicio de que = there + be + no sign of.* * *verbo intransitivob) ( ser) to existpienso, luego existo — I think, therefore I am
c) ( vivir) to livedejó de existir — (period) he passed away (euph)
* * *= be, be available, be forthcoming, come in, exist, there + be, be in place, be in existence, be around.Ex: Systems such as Dialog, IRS, ORBIT and BLAISE may be accessed by libraries and information units.
Ex: This emphasis upon 'the work' reflects the packaging of text, information, music, graphics, and so on, and indicates to the subsequent user what packages are available for use or consultation.Ex: Until additional funds are forthcoming, it is most helpful to 'push' such a plan.Ex: Such records come in a variety of physical forms.Ex: Difficulties may arise where equivalent terms do not exist in all of the languages of the thesaurus.Ex: There are a relatively large number of documents under each heading.Ex: Modular courses are already in place from which a student can pick and mix.Ex: Libraries have been in existence for a long time in many countries and so should have become an integral part of the culture.Ex: The author suggests that the book will be around for generations to come simply because it costs less.* coexistir = coexist [co-exist].* debería existir = there + ought to be.* dejar de existir = be no more.* existir razones para = there + be + ground(s) for.* existir constancia de = anecdotal record, anecdotal evidence.* existir de antemano = pre-exist [preexist].* existir de muchos tipos = come in + many guises.* existir desde hace años = be around for years.* existir independientemente de = stand + independent of.* existir indicios de = there + be + signs of.* existir indicios de que = there + be + evidence that.* existir la posibilidad de = there + be + scope for.* existir la posibilidad de que = there + be + room for.* existir la tendencia a = there + be + a tendency (to/for).* existir mucha diferencia entre... y... = be a far cry from... to....* existir pruebas de que = there + be + evidence that.* existir una demanda de = there + be + call for.* existir una necesidad de = there + be + call for.* no existir = be out of the picture.* no existir como tal = there + be + no such thing as.* no existir límites = there + be + no limit.* no existir muchos indicios de que = there + be + little sign of.* no existir ningún indicio de que = there + be + no sign of.* * *existir [I1 ]vi1 ( en tercera persona)(haber): siempre ha existido rivalidad entre ellos there has always been rivalry between themexisten pruebas que demuestran su inocencia there is evidence to prove his innocence, evidence exists which proves his innocence2 (ser) to existno existen los fantasmas there's no such thing as ghosts, ghosts do not existpienso, luego existo I think, therefore I amya no existe it doesn't exist anymore3 (vivir) to livemientras yo exista, no te faltará nada as long as I'm alive o while I live, you'll want for nothing* * *
existir ( conjugate existir) verbo intransitivoa) (en 3a pers) ( haber):
no existen pruebas there is no evidence
existir verbo intransitivo to exist, be (in existence): no existe ninguna duda, there's no doubt
' existir' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
caber
- ser
- estar
- haber
- abundar
- existencia
English:
be
- exist
- live
- more
* * *existir vi1. [ser real] to exist;los gnomos no existen gnomes don't exist;aquel año dejó de existir la Unión Soviética that year the Soviet Union ceased to exist;pienso, luego existo I think, therefore I am2. [haber] to exist;existen zonas sin explorar there are some unexplored areas;existe el riesgo de… there is the risk that…3. [vivir]Eufmientras yo exista no tienes que preocuparte you don't have to worry while I'm still here;dejar de existir to pass away o on* * *v/i exist;existen muchos problemas there are a lot of problems* * *existir vi: to exist* * *existir vb1. (en general) to exist2. (haber) to be -
57 prueba
Del verbo probar: ( conjugate probar) \ \
prueba es: \ \3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo2ª persona singular (tú) imperativoMultiple Entries: probar prueba
probar ( conjugate probar) verbo transitivo 1 ( demostrar) ‹teoría/inocencia› to prove 2 ( por primera vez) to try ‹coche/mecanismo› to try out pruebale algo A algn to try sth on sb ‹arma/vehículo› to test (out) verbo intransitivo ( intentar) to try; prueba A hacer algo to try doing sth probarse verbo pronominal ‹ropa/zapatos› to try on
prueba sustantivo femenino 1 eso es prueba de que le caes bien that proves he likes you; en or como prueba de mi agradecimiento as a token of my gratitudeb) (Der) piece of evidence2 (Educ) test; (Cin) screen test, audition; (Teatr) audition 3 prueba de la alcoholemia Breathalyzer® test, sobriety test (AmE), drunkometer test (AmE); prueba del embarazo pregnancy testb) ( en locs)◊ a prueba: tomar a algn a prueba to take sb on for a trial period;tener algo a prueba to have sth on trial; poner algo a prueba to put sth to the test; a prueba de golpes/de balas shockproof/bulletproof 4 (Fot, Impr) proof; 5 (Dep): la prueba de los 1.500 metros the 1,500 meters (event o race)
probar
I verbo transitivo
1 (una teoría, un hecho) to prove
2 (una máquina, un aparato, etc) to test
3 (comida, bebida) to try (sabor, etc) to taste: no prueba el alcohol, he never touches alcohol
II vi (intentar) to try ➣ Ver nota en try
prueba sustantivo femenino
1 proof
corregir pruebas, to proofread
como prueba de mi amistad, as a sign of my friendship
2 (experimento, examen, etc) test, trial
poner algo a prueba, to put sthg to the test: puso a prueba mi paciencia, she put my patience to the test figurado la prueba de fuego, the acid test
prueba de alcoholemia, sobriety test, Breathalyzer(tm) test
3 (competición) event
4 Jur piece of evidence: no tienes pruebas, you have no evidence Locuciones: a prueba (en un trabajo) on trial: le cogieron quince días a prueba, they took him on for a two-week trial period
a prueba de: a prueba de balas, bulletproof
a prueba de golpes, shockproof ' prueba' also found in these entries: Spanish: acceso - alcoholemia - cala - comprometedor - comprometedora - constancia - ensayo - escarceo - estrellarse - indicio - preliminar - presentarse - probar - psicotécnica - psicotécnico - selectividad - someter - suficiencia - terminante - testimonio - admisión - audición - bala - concluyente - contundente - convivencia - corregir - correr - decisivo - delator - documental - ejercicio - evaluación - exigente - fondo - individual - justificación - muestra - otro - pasar - preparar - puntaje - puntuar - resistencia - superar English: acid test - aptitude test - audition - burden - childproof - contest - demonstration - discovery - dummy run - event - exhibit - fitting - idiot-proof - positive - preponderance - probation - proof - qualifying - shellproof - shockproof - shred - strain - tax - test - test drive - test run - touch - trial - try - windproof - air - approval - bear - Breathalyzer - cast - endurance - failing - go - heat - litmus - one - over - pace - pilot - probationary - quiz - screen - see - sobriety - token -
58 OK
I)conj.1) and; bæði … ok, both … and (bæði er hann vitr ok framgjarn);2) in comparison, as, and; sami maðr ok áðr, the same man as before; nú fór Svíum allt á eina leið ok Dönum, it went with the Swedes in the same way as with the Danes; þat er mjök sundrleitt (úlíkt) ok kristnir menn gøra, it differs much from what Christians do;3) of an adversative character, and yet, but (hann var særðr mörgum sárum ok engum stórum);4) introducing the apodosis, then = þá; esp. in the old laws; ef sá maðr (etc.) …, ok verðr hann útlagr, then he shall pay;5) used for the relative particle ‘er’; at höllu hann kom ok átti Íms faðir, which belonged to Im’s father; Geirröðr konungr átti þá son, ok hét Agnarr, who was called A.;6) also (hann heyrir ok þat, er gras vex á jörðu).n. yoke; domination.* * *1.copulative conj.; the mod. form is og, which appears in the 15th century MSS., but the word is usually in the MSS. written thus ⁊. The Runic inscriptions mostly have auk, which diphthongal form has in the conj. been changed into ok, but is retained in the adverbial auk = etiam. As neither the stone in Tune nor the Golden horn happens to have the word, we are in the dark as to its earliest Scandinavian form. The particle ok is characteristic of the Scandinavian languages, as distinguished from the Germ. und, Engl. and; although this is more apparent than real, for the identity of ok with the Goth. copulative particle jah and uh. Hel. jac, has been conclusively demonstrated by Grimm, who also makes out an identity between Goth. uh, standing for hu, and Gr. καί, Lat. -que; the metathesis of uh for hu is analogous to Lat. ac = Gr. καί. Grimm farther supports this etymology by comparing the Teutonic compounds ne-hu, Icel. contr. né, with Lat. ne-c = ne-que, which proves the identity of both the suffixed particles, the Lat. c or que and the Teut. uh. The Goth. jah is a compound = jâ-uh = ‘immo-que;’ the Norse ok, too, is prob. a compound particle, the j being dropped, and then jâ-uh contracted into auh = auk; the final guttural h (sounded as χ), instead of being absorbed by the preceding vowel, was hardened into the tenuis k. The negative verbal suffix -a and -að, the nominal suffix -gi, and the copula ok will thus all be derived from one root,—one of the many instances of the Protean transformations of particles, even the negative and positive being interwoven into the same word.A. And, a copula between two or more nouns; í upphafi skapaði Guð himinn ok jörð, Edda (pref., Gen. i. 1); ríki ok konungdóm, Fms. i. 23; mikill ok sterkr, Nj. 2; væn kona ok kurteis ok vel at sér, 1; dætr þrjár ok sonu þrá, 30. If the nouns are many the usage may vary:—the nouns may be paired off, eldr ok vatn, járn ok málmr, Edda 36; or the copula is only put to the last, eldr, vatn, járn ok málmr; or, if emphatic, it may be reiterated, eldr ok vatn ok járn ok málmr; or ok may be left out altogether, málmr. steinar, jörðin, viðirnir, sóttirnar, dýrin, fuglarnir, eitrormar, Edda l. c.2. bæði ok, bæði er hann vitr ok framgjarn, Nj. 6.3. in comparison, as, and, = Lat. ac, atque; með jöfnum skildaga ok Hrólfr Kraki görði, Fb. ii. 137; samr maðr ek áðr, the same man as before, i. 364; hafa með sér sín epli, ok bera saman ok hin, and compare them and the others, Edda 46; hón var þá úlík ok fyrr, Fms. i. 185; þat er mjök sundrleitt ok Kristnir menn göra, it differs much from what Christians do, x. 171; á sömu leið ok fyrr, i. 253; samsumars ok Steingerðr gékk frá Bersa, Korm. 160; jamvandhæfr ok flörbaugsmaðr, Grág. i. 89.4. of an adversative character, and yet, but; mörgum sárum ok engum stórum, Fms. x. 370; þetta eru áheyrilig boð, ok újafnlig. Nj. 77; úsællig kona ertú, ok ( but yet) ekki svá at eigi megi sæma við slíkt, Fms. vii. 167.5. the particle ok connects together the parts of the sentence; þá mælti Frigg, ok spurði, then spoke Frigg, and asked, Edda 37; at þú bættir ráð þitt, ok bæðir þér konu, thou shouldst mend thy condition, and take thee a wife, Nj. 2:—it is used to mark the progress of a speech or sentence, féllusk Ásum orðtök ok svá hendr, ok sá hverr til annars, ok vóru allir með einum hug til þess er unnit hafði verkit; Loki tók. Mistiltein, ok sleit upp, ok gékk til þings …; Höðr tók Mistiltein, ok skaut at Baldri; Æsir tóku lík Baldrs, ok fluttu til sjávar, Edda 37; sendu þeir Ívar til hans, ok skyldi hann vita, Fms. x. 27.II. in the old law (the Grág.) the apodosis or conclusion is headed by ok, then, as in the standing phrase, ok verðr hann útlagr, ok varðar þat … marka útlegð, and he shall pay, i. e. then he shall …; þeir menn er sakir eigu, ok skulu þeir ganga til dóms …, and so in every page of the Grágás.III. in some ancient epic poems the ok is as an historical particle put at the head of sentences or verses in a manner which closely resembles the use of the Hebrew ו; the old Ýt. is in this respect remarkable,—ok sikling, I; ok salbjartr, 2; ok sá brann, 3; ok Visburs, ok allvald, 4; ok landherr, 5: ok ek þess opt fregit hafðak, 6; ok allvald, 7; ok þat orð, 8; ok hnakkmars, 10; ok varð hinn, 11; ok Hagbarðs, 12; ok þrálífr … ok sveiðuðs. 13; ok lofsæll, 14; ok Austmarr, ok við aur, ok dáðgjarn, 16; ok ljóshömum, 18; ok ofveg, ok sá frömuðr, 19; ok Ingjald, ok sjá urðr, 20; ok Skæreið, 22; ok nú liggr, 23: ok launsigr, ok buðlung, 24; ok um ráð, ok launsigr, 25; ok niðkvisl, 26; - so used about thirty times in this single poem; in other poems less freq., but yet it occurs, e. g. in the fragments of Vellekla, see also the references given s. v. auk (III).IV. the placing the copula before both the parts to be joined is curious; this only occurs in a few instances in old poetry; ok einnar átta, ‘and’ one eight, i. e. one plus eight = nine, Hd. (composed about 986 A. D.); ok hárar hamljót, ‘and hoary scraggy’ = hoary and scraggy, Haustl.; ok Sörli þeir Hamðir, ‘and Sorli Hamdir’ = S. and H., Bragi; ok átta enni-tungl fjögur höfuð, ‘and eight eyes four heads’ i. e. four heads and eight eyes, id.; ok hörga blóthús, Rekst.; ok svá jarlar Óláfar, = jarlar ok svá Óláfar, Sighvat; ok hringa hlínar óþurft mína, the woe of her and myself, Kormak; ok há grasi viði = há grasi ok viði, Gm. 17; ok Elfar Gandvikr miðli, Edda (Ht.) 1.V. used as an interjection; þú skalt fara í Kirkjubæ—Ok, hvat skal ek þangat? Nj. 74; ok skaltú enn þora at mæla jöfnum orðum við mik, 656 B. 10: akin to this is the mod. usage in exclamations, wrath, wonder, indignation, og, hvað er nú að tarna! og, hvernig ætli þú látir! og, ekki nema það!VI. the following are prob. ellipt.; segðú mér þat …, ok ek vilja vita, tell thou me that, and I wish to know = that which I want to know, Skm. 3; ætlar jarl at höggva þessa menn alla, ok þeir hofðu nú höndum á komit, all those, and (whom) they had got hold of, Fms. xi. 14.B. Adverb; older form auk, q. v., [Germ. auch; Old Engl. eke]:—also; þat er ok, at, Grág. i. 36; hér eru ok tignar-klæði, Nj. 6; hann vaknar ok sem aðrir, Fms. xi. 117; svá mun ok, Hom. 142, and in countless instances old and mod., see auk; eigi ok, neither, Fms. x. 324; það er og, so so!2.n. [Goth. juk; A. S. geoc; Engl. yoke; O. H. G. joh; Germ. joch; cp. Lat. jugum, Gr. ζυγόν; in the Northern languages the j is dropped, ok, Dan. aag]:—a yoke, Fb. ii. 72, Rb. 398, Al. 6, 19, Sks. 136 new Ed.: metaph., ok vóru svá Norðmenn undir því oki, Ó.T. 15; ok-björn, ok-hreinn, poët. = a ‘yoke-bear,’ an ox, Ýt., Lex. Poët. -
59 REYNA
* * *(-da, -dr), v.1) to try, prove (lengi skal manninn r.); hann lét Gunnar r. ymsar íþróttir við menn sína, he let G. essay divers feats against his men; ef við Þorsteinn skulum r. með okkr, if Thorstein and I shall make trial of each other; r. eptir e-u, to search, pry, inquire into (hann reyndi eptir mörgum hlutum); r. til, to make trial (Bróðir reyndi til með forneskju, hversu ganga mundi orrostan);2) to experience (reynt hefi ek brattara); hefi ek þik reynt at góðum drengi, I have proved (found) thee to be a good fellow; r. e-t af e-m, to meet with (hann hafði reynt af Böðvari vináttu mikla);3) refl., reynast, to turn out, prove to be (reyndist Gunnlaugr hinn hraustasti); þat mun þó síðar r., but this will be put to the proof by and by; also with dat., ef mér reynist Þórólfr jamnvel mannaðr, if I find Thorolf as well accomplished.* * *d, [raun; Norse röyna; for the etymology see rún]:—to try; hann lét Gunnar reyna ýmsar íþróttir við sína menn, Nj. 46: segir sik vera búinn at þeir reyni þat, Fms. i. 59; menn eru við beygarð þinn, ok reyna desjarnar, Boll. 348; ef þat þarf at reyna inn skipti vár sona Eireks, Eg. 524:—with the notion of ‘trial,’ danger, spurði hvar hann hefði þess verit at hann hefði mest reynt sik, Eg. 687; ef vit skulum reyna með okkr, 715:—to experience, Hm. 95, 101; sannyndum ok einurð, er hann mun reyna at mér, Eg. 63; þykkir mér undarligt ef konungr ætlar mik nú annan mann en þá reyndi hann mik, 65: the saying, sá veit görst er reynir.2. to examine; reynit (rønit) ef ér elskið Guð sannliga, Greg. 18: to explore, fjöld ek reynda regin, Vþm.: as a law term, to challenge, síðan skolu þeir reyna dóminn, Grág. i. 165; reyna sekð í dómi, 488.3. reyna eptir, to search, pry, enquire into; hann hét þó at fara sjálfr ok reyna eptir honum, Nj. 131, v. l.: esp of a person endowed with second sight or power of working charms, Þorkell spakr bjó í Njarðvík, hann reyndi eptir mörgum hlutum, Dropl. 34; engan bíðr minn líka í fræði ok framsýni, at reyna eptir því sem stolit er, Stj. 218:—reyna til, id.; Bróðir reyndi til með forneskju hversu ganga mundi orrostan, Nj. 273 (eptir-reyning).II. reflex. to be proved or shewn, turn out by experience; þat mun síðar reynask, Nj. 18; e-m reynisk e-t, it proves; ef mér reynisk Þórólfr jamnvel mannadr, Eg. 28; þá skal svá fara um arfekjur sem þat reynisk, according to the evidence, Grág. i. 219; ok er þegar rétt at stefna um, er reynisk för úmaga, 258; hann deildi við Karla um oxa, ok reyndisk svá, at Karli átti, Landn. 165; hann bar fé undir höfðingja sem síðan reyndisk. Fms. x. 397:—part. reyndr, nú em ek at nokkuru reyndr, put on my trial, Nj. 46: tried, afflicted: experienced. -
60 thing
nounwhat's that thing in your hand? — was hast du da in der Hand?
not a thing — überhaupt od. gar nichts
2) (action)that was a foolish thing to do — das war eine große Dummheit
it was the right thing to do — es war das einzig Richtige
do things to somebody/something — (fig. coll.) auf jemanden/etwas eine enorme Wirkung haben (ugs.)
3) (fact) [Tat]sache, dieit's a strange thing that... — es ist seltsam, dass...
for one thing, you don't have enough money[, for another thing...] — zunächst einmal hast du nicht genügend Geld [, außerdem...]
the best/worst thing about the situation/her — das Beste/Schlimmste an der Situation/an ihr
know/learn a thing or two about something/somebody — sich mit etwas/jemandem auskennen/einiges über etwas (Akk.) lernen/über jemanden erfahren
the [only] thing is that... — die Sache ist [nur] die, dass...
4) (idea)say the first thing that comes into one's head — das sagen, was einem gerade so einfällt
what a thing to say! — wie kann man nur so etwas sagen!
have a thing about somebody/something — (coll.) (be obsessed about) auf jemanden/etwas abfahren (salopp); (be prejudiced about) etwas gegen jemanden/etwas haben; (be afraid of or repulsed by) einen Horror vor jemandem/etwas haben (ugs.)
5) (task)make a mess of things — alles vermasseln (salopp)
make a [big] thing of something — (regard as essential) auf etwas besonderen Wert legen; (get excited about) sich über etwas (Akk.) aufregen
7) (circumstance)how are things? — wie geht's [dir]?
as things stand [with me] — so wie die Dinge [bei mir] liegen
it's just one of those things — (coll.) so was kommt schon mal vor (ugs.)
8) (individual, creature) Ding, dasshe is in hospital, poor thing — sie ist im Krankenhaus, das arme Ding
you spiteful thing! — du [gemeines] Biest!
10) in pl. (matters)an expert/authority on things historical — ein Fachmann/eine Autorität in geschichtlichen Fragen
11) (product of work) Sache, die12) (special interest)do one's own thing — (coll.) sich selbst verwirklichen
13) (coll.): (something remarkable)now there's a thing! — das ist ja ein Ding! (ugs.)
14)blue jeans are the thing among teenagers — Bluejeans sind der Hit (ugs.) unter den Teenagern
but the thing is, will she come in fact? — aber die Frage ist, wird sie auch tatsächlich kommen?
* * *[θɪŋ]nI haven't got a \thing to wear ich habe nichts zum Anziehen [o SCHWEIZ a. Anlegen]she behaved like a mad \thing sie benahm sich wie eine Verrückteyou cannot be all \things to all men man kann es nicht allen recht machen▪ \things pl Besitz m kein pl, Habe f kein pl; (objects for special purpose) Sachen pl, Zeug nt kein plshe put all his \things in suitcases and put them outside the door sie packte alle seine Sachen in Koffer und stellte diese vor die Türthis \thing called love das, was man so Liebe nenntif there's one \thing I want to know it's this wenn es etwas gibt, das ich wissen will, dann ist es dasit was just one \thing after another da kam eben eins zum anderenone \thing leads to another das Eine führt zum Anderndon't worry about a \thing! mach dir keine Sorgen!learning to ride a bike was a difficult \thing for me to do ich habe lange gebraucht, bis ich Rad fahren konnteI value my freedom above all \things meine Freiheit steht für mich an erster Stelleif it's not one \thing, it's another ständig ist [et]was losto not be sb's \thing nicht jds Ding sein famto be a \thing of the past der Vergangenheit angehörenin all \things in jeder Hinsicht, in [o bei] allemthe whole \thing das Ganzethe last \thing I want to do is hurt his feelings ich möchte auf keinen Fall seine Gefühle verletzenthat was a close \thing! das war knapp!walking in stormy weather along a beach just does \things to me bei stürmischem Wetter am Strand spazieren zu gehen macht mir unheimlich Spaßplenty of \things vielesto do sth first/last \thing etw als Erstes/Letztes tunI'll phone him first \thing tomorrow ich rufe ihn morgen gleich als Erstes anto call sb last \thing at night jdn spät nachts noch anrufenthe real \thing das einzig Wahresure \thing! esp AM na klar!what a lovely \thing to say! wie nett, so etwas zu sagen!I have a \thing or two on my mind mir geht so einiges durch den Kopfand another \thing,... und noch [et]was,...why don't you come with me? — for one \thing, I don't like flying, and for another, I can't afford it warum kommst du nicht mit? — einerseits fliege ich nicht gerne und außerdem kann ich es mir nicht leistento be able to tell sb a \thing or two jdm noch so einiges [o manches] erzählen könnento know a \thing or two eine ganze Menge wissen, sich akk gut auskennen7. (social behaviour)▪ the \thing das Richtigeit's the done \thing ( also iron) das gehört sich so [o gehört zum guten Ton]smoking during meals is not the done \thing es gehört sich nicht, während des Essens zu rauchen8. (the important point)9. (something non-existent)▪ \things pl:to be hearing [or imagining] \things Gespenster sehen fig10. (the situation)▪ \things pl die Dinge, die Lagewhat are \things like? wie sieht's aus? [o läuft's?] famall \things considered alles in allemas \things stand, the way \things are so wie die Dinge stehen11. (confectionery)sweet \things Süßigkeiten pl12. (person)you lucky \thing! du Glückliche(r) [o Glückspilz]!she's a dear little \thing sie ist ein Schatzlazy \thing Faulpelz mthe poor \things die Ärmstenstupid \thing Dummkopf m, Idiot m13.▶ you can have too much of a good \thing man kann es auch übertreiben▶ to have a [or this] \thing about sb ( fam: dislike) jdn nicht ausstehen können fam; (like very much) verrückt nach jdm sein fam▶ there are more \things in heaven and earth [than are dreamt of in your philosophy] BRIT ( saying) es gibt mehr Dinge zwischen Himmel und Erde [als deine Schulweisheit sich träumen lässt]▶ a little learning [or knowledge] is a dangerous \thing ( saying) zu wenig Wissen kann gefährlich werden▶ to make a [big] \thing out of sth aus etw dat eine große Sache machen, um etw akk viel Wirbel machen▶ the next big \thing der neueste Trend▶ to be just one of those \things (be unavoidable) einfach unvermeidlich sein; (typical happening) typisch seinthis is just one of those \things da kann man halt nichts machen fam▶ these \things are sent to try us BRIT ( saying) das sind die Prüfungen, die uns das Schicksal auferlegt* * *[ɵɪŋ]n1) (= any material object) Ding nta thing of beauty/great value — etwas Schönes/sehr Wertvolles
she likes sweet things — sie mag Süßes or süße Sachen
2) pl (= clothes, equipment, belongings) Sachen pl3) (non material = affair, subject) Sache fyou know, it's a funny thing — wissen Sie, es ist schon seltsam
the odd/best thing about it is... — das Seltsame/Beste daran ist,...
it's a good thing I came —
it's a bad/strange thing but... — es ist schlecht/seltsam, aber...
to make a big thing of or about doing sth — eine große Sache daraus machen, dass man etw tut
he's on to or onto a good thing (inf) — er hat da was Gutes aufgetan (inf)
there is one/one other thing I want to ask you —
and there's another thing, why didn't you...? — und noch etwas, warum haben Sie nicht...?
it's one thing to talk about it, it's another to do it — es ist eine Sache, davon zu reden, eine völlig andere, es dann auch zu tun
the things you do/say! — was du so machst/sagst!
I must be hearing/seeing things! — ich glaube, ich höre/sehe nicht richtig, ich glaube, ich spinne! (inf)
all the things I meant to say/do —
to expect great things of sb/sth — Großes or große Dinge von jdm/etw erwarten
I must think things over — ich muss mir die Sache or das überlegen
as things stand at the moment, as things are... — so wie die Dinge im Moment liegen
how are things ( with you)? — wie gehts (bei) Ihnen?
since that's how things are... — wenn das so ist..., in dem Fall...
taking one thing with another — im Großen und Ganzen, alles in allem
it's been one thing after the other (going wrong) — es kam eins zum anderen
(what) with one thing and another I haven't had time to do it yet — ich bin einfach noch nicht dazu gekommen
for one thing it doesn't make sense — erst einmal ergibt das überhaupt keinen Sinn
not to see/understand a thing — (absolut) nichts sehen/verstehen
not to know a thing — (absolut) nichts wissen, keine Ahnung haben
See:→ academic.ru/73641/teach">teachI say, old thing (dated inf) — na, du altes Haus (inf)
lucky thing! — der/die Glückliche/du Glückliche(r)!
5)that's not the thing to do —
the thing to do now would be... — was wir jetzt machen sollten, wäre...
that would be the honourable thing to do — es wäre nur anständig, das zu tun
6)I'm not at my best first thing in the morning — so früh am Morgen bin ich nicht gerade in Hochformthe thing is to know when... — man muss wissen, wann...
yes, but the thing is... — ja, aber...
the thing is we haven't got enough money —
the thing is, you see, he loves her — das Problem ist, dass er sie liebt
yes but the thing is it won't work — ja, aber das Dumme ist, es funktioniert nicht
7)(all) things German/mystical/mechanical — alles Deutsche/Geheimnisvolle/Mechanische
* * *thing1, oft Thing [θıŋ] s PARL Thing n (in Skandinavien und Island: Reichstag oder Volksgerichtsversammlung)thing2 [θıŋ] s1. Ding n, Gegenstand m:the law of things JUR das Sachenrecht;just the thing I wanted genau (das), was ich haben wollte;it was so dark that I could not see a thing dass ich überhaupt nichts sehen konnte;she says she hasn’t got a thing to wear sie hat (überhaupt) nichts anzuziehen2. umga) Ding n, Dings(da) nb) euph Ding n (männliches oder weibliches Geschlechtsteil)3. Ding n, Sache f, Angelegenheit f:above all things vor allen Dingen, vor allem;things political politische Dinge, alles Politische;that was a close thing das hätte ins Auge gehen können umg, das ist gerade noch einmal gut gegangen;a pretty thing iron eine schöne Geschichte;for one thing (erstens) einmal;for one thing … and for another zum einen … und zum anderen;the latest thing in hats das Neueste in oder an Hüten;in all things in jeder Hinsicht;no small thing keine Kleinigkeit;not a thing (rein) gar nichts;of all things ausgerechnet (dieses etc);it’s one of those things da kann man (halt) nichts machen;that’s one of those little things that are sent to try us wenn es solche Dinge nicht gäbe, ginge es uns wahrscheinlich viel zu gut;be a thing of the past der Vergangenheit angehören;be too much of a good thing zu viel des Guten sein;I’ve got better things to do than … ich habe Wichtigeres zu tun als …;do great things große Dinge tun, Großes vollbringen;do one’s (own) thing umg tun, was man will;expect great things from sb große Dinge von jemandem erwarten;we had expected better things from him wir hatten mehr von ihm erwartet;a) jemanden, etwas wahnsinnig gern mögen,b) jemanden, etwas überhaupt nicht ausstehen können;if I hate one thing, it is … wenn ich eines hasse, dann ist es …;make a big thing out of viel Aufhebens machen von;this proves three things das beweist dreierlei;he can still teach them a thing or two er kann ihnen noch immer etwas oder das eine od andere beibringen;I could tell you a thing or two about him ich könnte dir (so) einiges über ihn erzählen; → first A 1, last1 A 14. pl Dinge pl, Umstände pl, (Sach)Lage f:things are improving die Dinge oder Verhältnisse bessern sich5. pl Sachen pl, Zeug n (Gepäck, Gerät, Kleider etc):put on one’s things sich anziehen6. pl Sachen pl (Getränke, Essen, Medizin):a lot of good things viele gute Sachen (zum Essen und Trinken)7. Wesen n, Geschöpf n:8. a) Ding n (Mädchen etc):b) Kerl m:(the) poor thing das arme Ding, der arme Kerl;* * *nounnot a thing — überhaupt od. gar nichts
2) (action)do things to somebody/something — (fig. coll.) auf jemanden/etwas eine enorme Wirkung haben (ugs.)
3) (fact) [Tat]sache, dieit's a strange thing that... — es ist seltsam, dass...
for one thing, you don't have enough money[, for another thing...] — zunächst einmal hast du nicht genügend Geld [, außerdem...]
the best/worst thing about the situation/her — das Beste/Schlimmste an der Situation/an ihr
know/learn a thing or two about something/somebody — sich mit etwas/jemandem auskennen/einiges über etwas (Akk.) lernen/über jemanden erfahren
the [only] thing is that... — die Sache ist [nur] die, dass...
4) (idea)say the first thing that comes into one's head — das sagen, was einem gerade so einfällt
have a thing about somebody/something — (coll.) (be obsessed about) auf jemanden/etwas abfahren (salopp); (be prejudiced about) etwas gegen jemanden/etwas haben; (be afraid of or repulsed by) einen Horror vor jemandem/etwas haben (ugs.)
5) (task)make a mess of things — alles vermasseln (salopp)
make a [big] thing of something — (regard as essential) auf etwas besonderen Wert legen; (get excited about) sich über etwas (Akk.) aufregen
how are things? — wie geht's [dir]?
as things stand [with me] — so wie die Dinge [bei mir] liegen
it's just one of those things — (coll.) so was kommt schon mal vor (ugs.)
8) (individual, creature) Ding, dasshe is in hospital, poor thing — sie ist im Krankenhaus, das arme Ding
you spiteful thing! — du [gemeines] Biest!
9) in pl. (personal belongings, outer clothing) Sachen10) in pl. (matters)an expert/authority on things historical — ein Fachmann/eine Autorität in geschichtlichen Fragen
11) (product of work) Sache, diedo one's own thing — (coll.) sich selbst verwirklichen
13) (coll.): (something remarkable)now there's a thing! — das ist ja ein Ding! (ugs.)
14)the thing — (what is proper or needed or important) das Richtige
blue jeans are the thing among teenagers — Bluejeans sind der Hit (ugs.) unter den Teenagern
but the thing is, will she come in fact? — aber die Frage ist, wird sie auch tatsächlich kommen?
* * *n.Ding -e n.Sache -n f.
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