-
21 capio
1.căpĭo, cepi, captum (old fut. perf. capso, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 61: capsit, Enn. ap. Non. p. 66, 27, or Ann. v. 324 Vahl.; Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 6; Att. ap. Non. p. 483, 12, or Trag. Rel. v. 454 Rib.; Paul. ex. Fest. p. 57 Mull.:I.capsimus,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 1, 15: capsis, acc. to Cic. Or. 45, 154, = cape si vis, but this is an error; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 66; old perf. cepet, Col. Rostr. 5; v. Wordsworth, Fragm. and Spec. p. 170), 3, v. a. [cf. kôpê, handle; Lat. capulum; Engl. haft; Germ. Heft; Sanscr. root hri-, take; cf. Gr. cheir, Engl. and Germ. hand, and Goth. hinthan, seize].Lit.A.In gen., to take in hand, take hold of, lay hold of, take, seize, grasp (cf.:B.sumo, prehendo): si hodie hercule fustem cepero aut stimulum in manum,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 9:cape hoc flabellum,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 47:cepit manibus tympanum,
Cat. 6, 3, 8:tu, genitor, cape sacra manu patriosque Penatis,
Verg. A. 2, 717:cape saxa manu, cape robora, pastor,
id. G. 3, 420:flammeum,
Cat. 61, 8:acria pocula,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 69:lora,
Prop. 3 (4), 9, 57:baculum,
Ov. M. 2, 789:colum cum calathis,
id. ib. 12, 475:florem ternis digitis,
Plin. 24, 10, 48, § 81:pignera,
Liv. 3, 38, 12; Dig. 48, 13, 9, § 6; Gai Inst. 4, 29:ut is in cavea pignus capiatur togae,
Plaut. Am. prol. 68: rem manu, Gai Inst. 1, 121:rem pignori,
Dig. 42, 1, 15, § 7; cf. ib. 42, 1, 15, § 4:scutum laeva,
Plin. 33, 1, 4, § 13:capias tu illius vestem,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 79: cape vorsoriam, seize the sheet, i. e. take a tack, turn about, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 19.—Very freq. of arms (cf. sumo); so in gen.: arma, to take up arms, i. e. engage in war or battle, Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 20 sq.; 9, 27; 11, 31; id. Planc. 36, 88; id. Phil. 4, 3, 7; Caes. B.G. 5, 26; 7, 4; Sall. C. 27, 4; 30, 1; 33, 2; 52, 27; id. J. 38, 5; 102, 12; Ov. M. 3, 115 sq.; 12, 91; 13, 221;and of particular weapons: ensem,
Ov. M. 13, 435:tela,
id. ib. 3, 307; 5, 366 et saep.—Of food, to take, partake of:quicum una cibum Capere soleo,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 61; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 77; Sall. J. 91, 2:lauti cibum capiunt,
Tac. G. 22.—In partic.1.Of living objects.a. (α).Of persons:(β).oppidum expugnavimus, et legiones Teleboarum vi pugnando cepimus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 258: summus ibi capitur meddix, occiditur alter, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Mull. (Ann. v. 296 Vahl.):quoniam belli nefarios duces captos jam et comprehensos tenetis,
Cic. Cat. 3, 7, 16:ibi Orgetorigis filia atque unus e filiis captus est,
Caes. B. G. 1, 26:reges capiuntur,
Lucr. 4, 1013; Tac. A. 4, 33:capta eo proelio tria milia peditum dicuntur,
Liv. 22, 49, 18:quos Byzantii ceperat,
Nep. Paus. 2, 3; id. Alcib. 9, 2; id. Dat. 2, 5; Quint. 6, 3, 61:captos ostendere civibus hostes,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 33:captus Tarento Livius,
Cic. Brut. 18, 72:servus ex hoste captus,
Quint. 5, 10, 67.—Hence, P. a. as subst.: captus, i, m., = captivus, a prisoner, captive:in captos clementia uti,
Nep. Alcib. 5, 7:inludere capto,
Verg. A. 2, 64:quae sit fiducia capto,
id. ib. 2, 75:ex captorum numero,
Liv. 28, 39, 10; Tac. A. 6, 1; 12, 37; 15, 1.—Also, capta, ae, f., a female captive:dicam hanc esse captam ex Caria, Ditem ac nobilem,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 47.—Of animals, birds, fish, etc., to catch, hunt down, take: quid hic venatu non cepit? Varr. ap. Non. p. 253, 31:b.si ab avibus capiundis auceps dicatur, debuisse ajunt ex piscibus capiundis, ut aucupem, sic piscicupem dici,
id. L. L. 8, § 61 Mull.:hic jaculo pisces, illa capiuntur ab hamis,
Ov. A. A. 1, 763:neque quicquam captum'st piscium,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 1, 12; cf.:nisi quid concharum capsimus,
id. ib. v. 18; Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58; Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 27: acipenserem, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:cervum,
Phaedr. 1, 5, 5; cf.:hic (Nereus) tibi prius vinclis capiendus,
Verg. G. 4, 396.—To win, captivate, charm, allure, enchain, enslave, fascinate; mostly with abl. of means: Ph. Amore ardeo. Pa. Quid agas? nisi ut te redimas captum quam queas Minumo, Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 29:c.quod insit in iis aliquid probi, quod capiat ignaros,
Cic. Off. 3, 3, 15: [p. 284] animum adulescentis... pellexit eis omnibus rebus, quibus illa aetas capi ac deleniri potest, id. Clu. 5, 13:quamvis voluptate capiatur,
id. Off. 1, 30, 105; Quint. 5, 11, 19:quem quidem adeo sua cepit humanitate,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 3:secum habuit Pomponium, captus adulescentis et humanitate et doctrina,
id. Att. 4, 1:nec bene promeritis capitur (deus), nec tangitur ira,
Lucr. 2, 651: ut pictura poesis;erit quae si propius stes Te capiat magis, et quaedam si longius abstes,
Hor. A. P. 362:hunc capit argenti splendor,
id. S. 1, 4, 28:te conjux aliena capit,
id. ib. 2, 7, 46:Cynthia prima suis miserum me cepit ocellis,
Prop. 1, 1, 1:carmine formosae, pretio capiuntur avarae,
Tib. 3, 1, 7:munditiis capimur,
Ov. A. A. 3, 133; id. M. 4, 170; 6, 465; 7, 802; 8, 124; 8, 435; 9, 511; 10, 529;14, 373: amore captivae victor captus,
Liv. 30, 12, 18:dulcedine vocis,
Ov. M. 1, 709; 11, 170:voce nova,
id. ib. 1, 678:temperie aquarum,
id. ib. 4, 344:(bos) herba captus viridi,
Verg. E. 6, 59:amoenitate loci,
Tac. A. 18, 52:auro,
Hor. C. 2, 18, 36:neque honoris neque pecuniae dulcedine sum captus,
Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:splendore hominis,
id. Fin. 1, 13, 42: ne oculis quidem captis in hanc fraudem decidisti;nam id concupisti quod numquam videras,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 102.—To cheat, seduce, deceive, mislead, betray, delude, catch:d.sapientis hanc vim esse maximam, cavere ne capiatur, ne fallatur videre,
Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66:injurium autem'st ulcisci advorsarios? Aut qua via te captent eadem ipsos capi?
Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 16: uti ne propter te fidemque tuam captus fraudatusque sim, form. ap. Cic. Off. 3, 17, 70:eodem captus errore quo nos,
involved in the same error, Cic. Phil. 12, 2, 6; id. ap. Non. p. 253, 25; cf.:ne quo errore milites caperentur,
Liv. 8, 6, 16:capere ante dolis Reginam,
Verg. A. 1, 673:captique dolis lacrimisque coactis (Sinonis),
id. ib. 2, 196:ubi me eisdem dolis non quit capere,
Sall. J. 14, 11:adulescentium animi molles et aetate fluxi dolis haud difficulter capiebantur,
id. C. 14, 5:capi alicujus dolo,
Nep. Dat. 10, 1:dolum ad capiendos eos conparant,
Liv. 23, 35, 2:quas callida Colchis (i.e. Medea) amicitiae mendacis imagine cepit,
Ov. M. 7, 301.—To defeat, convict, overcome in a suit or dispute (rare):e. (α).tu si me impudicitiae captas, non potes capere,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 189:tu caves ne tui consultores, ille ne urbes aut castra capiantur (cf. B. 2. b. infra),
Cic. Mur. 9, 22:callidus et in capiendo adversario versutus (orator),
id. Brut. 48, 178.—Of the physical powers, to lame, mutilate, maim, impair or weaken in the limbs, senses, etc. (only pass. capi, and esp. in part. perf. captus):(β).mancus et membris omnibus captus ac debilis,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 21:ipse Hannibal... altero oculo capitur,
loses an eye, Liv. 22, 2, 11:captus omnibus membris,
id. 2, 36, 8:capti auribus et oculis metu omnes torpere,
id. 21, 58, 5:oculis membrisque captus,
Plin. 33, 4, 24, § 83:congerantur in unum omnia, ut idem oculis et auribus captus sit,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 117:si captus oculis sit, ut Tiresias fuit,
id. Div. 2, 3, 9; Verg. G. 1, 183:habuit filium captum altero oculo,
Suet. Vit. 6:censorem Appium deum ira post aliquot annos luminibus captum,
Liv. 9, 29, 11; Val. Max. 1, 1, 17:lumine,
Ov. F. 6, 204:princeps pedibus captus,
Liv. 43, 7, 5; cf.:captum leto posuit caput,
Verg. A. 11, 830;and of the mole: aut oculis capti fodere cubilia talpae,
id. G. 1, 183.—Of the mental powers, to deprive of sense or intellect; only in part. perf. captus, usu. agreeing with pers. subj., and with abl. mente, silly, insane, crazy, crazed, lunatic, mad:f.labi, decipi tam dedecet quam delirare et mente esse captum,
Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:vino aut somno oppressi aut mente capti,
id. Ac. 2, 17, 53; Quint. 8, 3, 4;rarely mentibu' capti,
Lucr. 4, 1022; so,animo,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 107; very rarely with gen.:captus animi,
Tac. H. 3, 73.— Absol.:virgines captae furore,
Liv. 24, 26, 12.—Less freq. agreeing with mens or animus:viros velut mente capta cum jactatione fanatica corporis vaticinari,
Liv. 39, 13, 12:captis magis mentibus, quam consceleratis similis visa,
id. 8, 18, 11; cf.:capti et stupentes animi,
id. 6, 36, 8.—To choose, select, elect, take, pick out, adopt, accept a person for a particular purpose or to sustain a particular office or relation:2.de istac sum judex captus,
Plaut. Merc. 4, 3, 33:Aricini atque Ardeates de ambiguo agro... judicem populum Romanum cepere,
Liv. 3, 71, 2:me cepere arbitrum,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 91:te mihi patronam capio, Thais,
id. Eun. 5, 2, 48:quom illum generum cepimus,
id. Hec. 4, 1, 22; cf.:non, si capiundos mihi sciam esse inimicos omnis homines,
make them enemies thereby, id. And. 4, 2, 12:si quis magistrum cepit ad eam rem inprobum,
id. ib. 1, 2, 21.—So the formula of the Pontifex Maximus, in the consecration of a vestal virgin: sacerdotem Vestalem, quae sacra faciat... ita te, Amata, capio, Fab. Pict. ap. Gell. 1, 12, 14; cf.:plerique autem capi virginem solam debere dici putant, sed flamines quoque Diales, item pontifices et augures capi dicebantur,
Gell. 1, 12, 15:jam ne ea causa pontifex capiar?... ecquis me augurem capiat? Cat. ib. § 17: Amata inter capiendum a pontifice maximo appellatur, quoniam, quae prima capta est, hoc fuisse nomen traditum est, Gell. ib. § 19: rettulit Caesar capiendam virginem in locum Occiae,
Tac. A. 2, 86; 4, 16; 15, 22:religio, quae in annos singulos Jovis sacerdotem sortito capi jubeat,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51, § 127:C. Flaccus flamen captus a P. Licinio pontifice maximo erat,
Liv. 27, 8, 5 Weissenb. ad loc.—Of places.a.To occupy, choose, select, take possession of, enter into; mostly milit. t. t., to take up a position, select a place for a camp, etc.:b.loca capere, castra munire,
Caes. B. G. 3, 23:castris locum capere,
Liv. 9, 17, 15; Suet. Aug. 94 fin.:locum capere castris,
Quint. 12, 2, 5:ut non fugiendi hostis, sed capiendi loci causa cessisse videar,
Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 294:ad Thebanos transfugere velle, et locum extra urbem editum capere,
Nep. Ages. 6, 2:nocte media profectus, ut locum quem vellet, priusquam hostes sentirent, caperet,
Liv. 34, 14, 1:neminem elegantius loca cepisse, praesidia disposuisse,
id. 35, 14, 9:erat autem Philopoemen praecipuae in ducendo agmine locisque capiendis solertiae atque usus,
id. 35, 28, 1:locum cepere paulo quam alii editiorem,
Sall. J. 58, 3:duces, ut quisque locum ceperat, cedere singulos,
Dict. Cret. 2, 46; so,of position on the battle-field: quod mons suberat, eo se recipere coeperunt. Capto monte, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 25:tenuit non solum ales captam semelsedem, sed, etc.,
Liv. 7, 26, 5:quem quis in pugnando ceperat locum, eum amissa anima corpore tegebat,
Flor. 4, 1; Sall. C. 61, 2; rarely with dat. of pers.:tumulum suis cepit,
Liv. 31, 41, 9, for a tomb: LOCVM SIBI MONVMENTO CEPIT. Inscr. Grut. 346, 6;for taking the auspices' se (Gracchum) cum legeret libros, recordatum esse, vitio sibi tabernaculum captum fuisse,
Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11; cf.:Palatium Romulus, Remus Aventinum ad inaugurandum templa capiunt,
Liv. 1, 6, 4;for refuge: omnes Samnitium copiae montes proximos fuga capiunt,
id. 9, 43, 20:Anchises natum Conventus trahit in medios... Et tumulum capit,
Verg. A. 6, 753; 12, 562:ante locum capies oculis ( = eliges),
Verg. G. 2, 230 Serv. ad loc.: nunc terras ordine longo Aut capere aut captas jam despectare videntur (cycni), to select places on which to light, or to be just settling down on places already selected, id. A. 1, 396 Forbig. ad loc.—To take by force, capture, storm, reduce, conquer, seize:c.invadam extemplo in oppidum antiquom: Si id capso, etc.,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 61: oppidum vi, Cat. ap. Charis. 2, p. 191 P.:MACELLAM OPPVGNANDO,
Col. Rostr. Inscr. Orell. 549:CORSICAM,
Inscr. Orell. 551: oppida, Enn. ap. Prisc. 9, p. 868 P. (Ann. v. 487 Vahl.):ad alia oppida pergit, pauca repugnantibus Numidis capit,
Sall. J. 92, 3; Prop. 3, 4 (4, 3), 16:Troja capta,
Liv. 1, 1, 1; Hor. S. 2, 3, 191: Coriolos. Liv. 3, 71, 7:urbem opulentissimam,
id. 5, 20, 1:ante oppidum Nolam fortissuma Samnitium castra cepit,
Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72:castra hostium,
Nep. Dat. 6, 7:concursu oppidanorum facto scalis vacua defensoribus moenia capi possent,
Liv. 42, 63, 6:plurimas hostium vestrorum in Hispania urbes,
id. 28, 39, 10:sedem belli,
Vell. 2, 74, 3; cf. Cic. Mur. 9, 22 (B. 1. d. supra).— Trop.:oppressa captaque re publica,
Cic. Dom. 10, 26: qui, bello averso ab hostibus, patriam suam cepissent, Liv. 3, 50, 15.—To reach, attain, arrive at, betake one ' s self to (mostly by ships, etc.):3.insulam capere non potuerant,
Caes. B. G. 4, 26 fin.:onerariae duae eosdem quos reliqui portus capere non potuerunt,
id. ib. 4, 36:accidit uti, ex iis (navibus) perpaucae locum caperent,
id. ib. 5, 23:nostrae naves, cum ignorarent, quem locum reliquae cepissent,
id. B. C. 3, 28: praemiis magnis propositis, qui primus insulam cepisset, Auct. B. Alex. 17.— Trop.:qui... tenere cursum possint et capere otii illum portum et dignitatis,
Cic. Sest. 46, 99.—Of things of value, property, money, etc.a.In gen., to take, seize, wrest, receive, obtain, acquire, get, etc.:b.AVRVM, ARGENTVM,
Col. Rostr. Inscr. Orell. 549:de praedonibus praedam capere,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 14:agros de hostibus,
Cic. Dom. 49, 128:ut ager ex hostibus captus viritim divideretur,
Liv. 4, 48, 2:quinqueremem una cum defensoribus remigibusque, Auct. B. Alex. 16, 7: naves,
Nep. Con. 4, 4:classem,
id. Cim. 2, 2:magnas praedas,
id. Dat. 10, 2:ex hostibus pecuniam,
Liv. 5, 20, 5; cf.:e nostris spolia cepit laudibus, Cic. poet. Tusc. 2, 9, 22: signum ex Macedonia,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 149:signum pulcherrimum Carthagine captum,
id. ib. 2, 4, 38, §82: sed eccam ipsa egreditur, nostri fundi calamitas: nam quod nos capere oportet, haec intercipit,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 35:cape cedo,
id. Phorm. 5, 8, 57:ut reliqui fures, earum rerum quas ceperunt, signa commutant,
Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 74:majores nostri non solum id, quod de Campanis (agri) ceperant, non imminuerunt, etc.,
id. Agr. 2, 29, 81:te duce ut insigni capiam cum laude coronam,
Lucr. 6, 95.—With abstr. objects:paupertatem adeo facile perpessus est, ut de republica nihil praeter gloriam ceperit,
Nep. Epam. 3, 4:ut ceteri, qui per eum aut honores aut divitias ceperant,
id. Att. 7, 2:quoniam formam hujus cepi in me et statum,
assumed, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 110:quare non committeret, ut is locus ex calamitate populi Romani nomen caperet,
Caes. B. G. 1, 13:regnum Tiberinus ab illis Cepit,
succeeded to, Ov. M. 14, 615.—In particular connections.(α).With pecuniam (freq. joined with concilio; v. infra), to take illegally, exact, extort, accept a bribe. take blackmail, etc., esp. of magistrates who were accused de pecuniis repetundis:(β).his ego judicibus non probabo C. Verrem contra leges pecuniam cepisse?
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10:HS. quadringentiens cepisse te arguo contra leges,
id. ib. 2, 2, 10, § 26; cf.:quicquid ab horum quopiam captum est,
id. ib. §27: tamen hae pecuniae per vim atque injuriam tuam captae et conciliatae tibi fraudi et damnationi esse deberent,
id. ib. 2, 3, 40, §91: utrum (potestis), cum judices sitis de pecunia capta conciliata, tantam pecuniam captam neglegere?
id. ib. 2, 3, 94, §218: quid est aliud capere conciliare pecunias. si hoc non est vi atque imperio cogere invitos lucrum dare alteri?
id. ib. 2, 3, 30, §71: sequitur de captis pecuniis et de ambitu,
id. Leg. 3, 20, 46:ita aperte cepit pecunias ob rem judicandam, ut, etc.,
id. Fin. 2, 16, 54:quos censores furti et captarum pecuniarum nomine notaverunt,
id. Clu. 42, 120:nondum commemoro rapinas, non exactas pecunias, non captas, non imperatas,
id. Pis. 16, 38:si quis ob rem judicandam pecuniam cepisset... neque solum hoc genus pecuniae capiendae turpe, sed etiam nefarium esse arbitrabantur,
id. Rab. Post. 7, 16; id. N. D. 3, 30, 70; Sall. J. 32, 1:ab regibus Illyriorum,
Liv. 42, 45, 8:saevitiae captarumque pecuniarum teneri reum,
Tac. A. 3, 67; 4, 31.—Of inheritance and bequest, to take, inherit, obtain, acquire, get, accept:(γ).si ex hereditate nihil ceperit,
Cic. Off, 3, 24, 93:qui morte testamentove ejus tantundem capiat quantum omnes heredes,
id. Leg. 2, 19, 48:abdicatus ne quid de bonis patris capiat,
Quint. 3, 6, 96:aut non justum testamentum est, aut capere non potes,
id. 5, 14, 16:si capiendi Jus nullum uxori,
Juv. 1, 55:qui testamentum faciebat, ei, qui usque ad certum modum capere potuerat, legavit, etc.,
Dig. 22, 3, 27: quod ille plus capere non poterat, ib. fin.:qui ex bonis testatoris solidum capere non possit,
ib. 28, 6, 6; 39, 6, 30.—Of regular income, revenue, etc., rents, tolls, profits, etc., to collect, receive, obtain: nam ex [p. 285] eis praediis talenta argenti bina Capiebat statim, Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 7:C.capit ille ex suis praediis sexcenta sestertia, ego centena ex meis,
Cic. Par. 6, 3, 49:stipendium jure belli,
Caes. B. G. 1, 28:quinquagena talenta vectigalis ex castro,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 4:vectigal ex agro eorum capimus,
Liv. 28, 39, 13:quadragena annua ex schola,
Suet. Gram. 23:si recte habitaveris... fundus melior erit... fructus plus capies,
Cato, R. R. 4, 2.—Trop.1.Of profit, benefit, advantage, to take, seize, obtain, get, enjoy, reap (mostly in phrase fructum capere):2.metuit semper, quem ipsa nunc capit Fructum, nequando iratus tu alio conferas,
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 59:honeste acta superior aetas fructus capit auctoritatis extremos,
Cic. Sen. 18, 62:ex iis etiam fructum capio laboris mei,
id. Div. 2, 5:ex quibus (litteris) cepi fructum duplicem,
id. Fam. 10, 5, 1:multo majorem fructum ex populi existimatione illo damnato cepimus, quam ex ipsius, si absolutus esset, gratia cepissemus,
id. Att. 1, 4, 2:fructum immortalem vestri in me et amoris et judicii,
id. Pis. 14, 31:aliquem fructum dulcedinis almae,
Lucr. 2, 971; 5, 1410; Luc. 7, 32.—In other connections:quid ex ea re tandem ut caperes commodi?
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 25:utilitates ex amicitia maximas,
Cic. Lael. 9, 32:usuram alicujus corporis,
Plaut. Am. prol. 108.—Of external characteristics, form, figure, appearance, etc., to take, assume, acquire, put on:3.gestum atque voltum novom,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 50 ' faciem aliquam cepere morando, Ov. M. 1, 421; 13, 605:figuras Datque capitque novas,
id. ib. 15, 309:formam capit quam lilia,
id. ib. 10, 212; cf.:duritiam ab aere,
id. ib. 4, 751.— Transf., of plants, etc.:radicem capere,
to take root, Cato, R. R. 51:cum pali defixi radices cepissent,
Plin. 17, 17, 27, § 123:siliculam capere,
Varr. R. R. 1, 23, 3:maturitatem capere,
Col. 4, 23, 1:radix libere capit viris,
Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 161:vires cepisse nocendi,
Ov. M. 7, 417:(telinum) rursus refrigeratum odorem suum capit,
Plin. 13, 1, 2, § 13.—Of mental characteristics, habits, etc., to take, assume, adopt, cultivate, cherish, possess:4.cape sis virtutem animo et corde expelle desidiam tuo,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 24:qua re si Glabrionis patris vim et acrimoniam ceperis ad resistendum hominibus audacissimis, si avi prudentiam ad prospiciendas insidias, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 1, 17, 52:aliquando, patres conscripti, patrium animum virtutemque capiamus,
id. Phil. 3, 11, 29:consuetudinem exercitationemque,
id. Off. 1, 18, 59:misericordiam,
id. Quint. 31, 97:quam (adsuetudinem) tu dum capias, taedia nulla fuge,
Ov. A. A. 2, 346:disciplinam principum,
Plin. Pan. 46. —With dat.:quorum animis avidis... neque lex neque tutor capere est qui possit modum,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 14 Wagn. ad loc.—Of offices, employments, duties, etc., = suscipio, to undertake, assume, enter upon, accept, take upon one ' s self, etc.:5.nam olim populi prius honorem capiebat suffragio, Quam magistro desinebat esse dicto oboediens,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 34:o Geta, provinciam Cepisti duram,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 23:in te cepi Capuam, non quo munus illud defugerem,
took command at Capua, Cic. Att. 8. 3, 4:consulatum,
id. Pis. 2, 3; Sall. J. 63, 2:honores,
Nep. Att. 7, 2; Suet. Aug. 26:imperium,
id. Claud. 10:magistratum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 21, 62; Liv. 2, 33, 1; Suet. Aug. 2:magistratus,
Sall. H. 1, 41, 21 Dietsch; Nep. Phoc. 1, 1; Suet. Caes. 75:capiatque aliquis moderamina (navis),
Ov. M. 3, 644:rerum moderamen,
id. ib. 6, 677:pontificatum maximum,
Suet. Vit. 11:rem publicam,
Sall. C. 5, 6:neve cui patrum capere eum magistratum liceret,
Liv. 2, 33, 1:ut ceperat haud tumultuose magistratum majore gaudio plebis, etc.,
id. 5, 13, 2.—Rarely with dat. of pers., to obtain for, secure for:patres praeturam Sp. Furio Camillo gratia campestri ceperunt,
Liv. 7, 1, 2.—In gen., of any occupation, work, or undertaking, to begin, enter upon, take, undertake, etc.:6.augurium ex arce,
Liv. 10, 7, 10:augurium capienti duodecim se vultures ostenderunt,
Suet. Aug. 95; id. Vesp. 11:omen,
Cic. Div. 1, 46, 104:in castris Romanis cum frustra multi conatus ad erumpendum capti essent,
Liv. 9, 4, 1:rursus impetu capto enituntur,
id. 2, 65, 5; Quint. 6, 1, 28; Suet. Aug. 42; id. Calig. 43: cursum, id. Oth. 6:a quibus temporibus scribendi capiatur exordium,
Cic. Leg. 1, 3, 8:experimentum eorum inversa manu capitur,
Plin. 13, 2, 3, § 19 ( poet.):nec vestra capit discordia finem,
Verg. A. 10, 106:fugam,
to take to flight, flee, Caes. B. G. 7, 26; so, capere impetum, to take a start, gather momentum:ad impetum capiundum modicum erat spatium,
Liv. 10, 5, 6; cf.:expeditionis Germanicae impetum cepit,
suddenly resolved to make, Suet. Calig. 43: capere initium, to begin:ea pars artis, ex qua capere initium solent,
Quint. 2, 11, 1.— Transf., of place:eorum (finium) una pars, quam Gallos optinere dictum est, initium capit a flumine Rhodano,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1:a dis inmortalibus sunt nobis agendi capienda primordia,
Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 7.—Of an opportunity or occasion, to seize, embrace, take:7.si occassionem capsit,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 6:si lubitum fuerit, causam ceperit,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 8:quod tempus conveniundi patris me capere suadeat,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 4, 9:si satis commode tempus ad te cepit adeundi,
Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 1.—Of operations of the mind, resolutions, purposes, plans, thoughts, etc., to form, conceive, entertain, come to, reach:8.quantum ex ipsa re conjecturam cepimus,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 25 MSS. (Fleck. al. ex conj. fecimus); Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 32:cum jam ex diei tempore conjecturam ceperat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 35:hujusce rei conjecturam de tuo ipsius studio, Servi, facillime ceperis,
Cic. Mur. 4, 9.— Absol.:conjecturam capere,
Cic. Div. 1, 57, 130:nec quid corde nunc consili capere possim, Scio,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 12:capti consili memorem mones,
id. Stich 4, 1, 72:quo pacto porro possim Potiri consilium volo capere una tecum,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 66; 5, 2, 28:temerarium consilium,
Liv. 25, 34, 7:tale capit consilium,
Nep. Eum. 9, 3.— With inf.:confitendum... eadem te hora consilium cepisse hominis propinqui fortunas funditus evertere,
Cic. Quint. 16, 53; Caes. B. G. 7, 71 init. —With ut:subito consilium cepi, ut exirem,
Cic. Att. 7, 10 init. —With gen. gerund. (freq.):legionis opprimendae consilium capere,
Caes. B. G. 3, 2:obprimundae reipublicae consilium cepit,
Sall. C. 16, 4.—With sibi:si id non fecisset, sibi consilium facturos,
Caes. B. C. 2, 20:ut ego rationem oculis capio,
Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 2:cepi rationem ut, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 11.—Of examples, instances, proofs, etc., to take, derive, draw, obtain:9.ex quo documentum nos capere fortuna voluit quid esset victis extimescendum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5:quid istuc tam mirum'st, de te si exemplum capit? Ter And. 4, 1, 26: exemplum ex aliqua re,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:praesagia a sole,
Plin. 18, 35, 78, § 341:illud num dubitas quin specimen naturae capi debeat ex optima quaque natura?
Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 32.—Of impressions, feelings, etc., to take, entertain, conceive, receive, be subjected to, suffer, experience, etc.:10.tantum laborem capere ob talem filium?
Ter. And. 5, 2, 29:omnes mihi labores fuere quos cepi leves,
id. Heaut. 2, 4, 19:laborem inanem ipsus capit,
id. Hec. 3, 2, 9:ex eo nunc misera quem capit Laborem!
id. And. 4, 3, 4: miseriam omnem ego capio;hic potitur gaudia,
id. Ad. 5, 4, 22:satietatem dum capiet pater Illius quam amat,
Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 10:plus aegri ex abitu viri quam ex adventu voluptatis cepi,
id. ib. 2, 2, 9:cum illa quacum volt voluptatem capit,
id. ib. prol. 114:angor iste, qui pro amico saepe capiendus est,
Cic. Lael. 13, 48:quae (benevolentia) quidem capitur beneficiis maxime,
id. Off. 2, 9, 32:laetitiam quam capiebam memoria rationum inventorumque nostrorum,
id. Fin. 2, 30, 96:lenire desiderium quod capiebat e filio,
id. Sen. 15, 54:opinione omnium majorem animo cepi dolorem,
id. Brut. 1, 1:itaque cepi voluptatem, tam ornatum virum fuisse in re publica,
id. ib. 40, 147:ex civibus victis gaudium meritum capiam,
Liv. 27, 40, 9:ne quam... invidiam apud patres ex prodiga largitione caperet,
id. 5, 20, 2:ad summam laetitiam meam, quam ex tuo reditu capio, magnus illius adventu cumulus accedet,
id. Att. 4, 19, 2 (4, 18, 3):laetitia, quam oculis cepi justo interitu tyranni,
id. ib. 14, 14, 4:ex praealto tecto lapsus matris et adfinium cepit oblivionem,
lost his memory, Plin. 7, 24, 24, § 90: virtutis opinionem, Auct. B. G. 8, 8: somnum, Cic. Tusc. 4, 19, 44: taedium vitae, Nep. ap. Gell. 6 (7), 18, 11:maria aspera juro Non ullum pro me tantum (me) cepisse timorem, Quam, etc.,
Verg. A. 6, 352 Forbig. ad loc.:et in futurum etiam metum ceperunt,
Liv. 33, 27, 10:voluptatem animi,
Cic. Planc. 1, 1:malis alienis voluptatem capere laetitiae (cum sit),
id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66:quaeque mihi sola capitur nunc mente voluptas,
Ov. P. 4, 9, 37.—Transf., with the feelings, experience, etc., as subj., to seize, overcome, possess, occupy, affect, take possession of, move, etc. (cf. lambanô, in this sense and like 9. supra): nutrix: Cupido cepit miseram nunc me, proloqui Caelo atque terrae Medeai miserias, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63 (Trag. Rel. v. 291 Vahl.):11.edepol te desiderium Athenarum arbitror cepisse saepe,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 14:numquam commerui merito ut caperet odium illam mei,
id. ib. 4, 2, 4:sicubi eum satietas Hominum aut negoti odium ceperat,
id. Eun. 3, 1, 14:nos post reges exactos servitutis oblivio ceperat,
Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 9:te cepisse odium regni videbatur,
id. ib. 2, 36, 91:Romulum Remumque cupido cepit urbis condendae,
Liv. 1, 6, 3:cupido eum ceperat in verticem montis ascendendi,
id. 40, 21, 2:etiam victores sanguinis caedisque ceperat satietas,
id. 27, 49, 8; Mel. 3, 5, 2:qui pavor hic, qui terror, quae repente oblivio animos cepit?
Liv. 27, 13, 2:oblivio deorum capiat pectora vestra,
id. 38, 46, 12:tantane te cepere oblivia nostri?
Ov. Tr. 1, 8, 11:ut animum ejus cura sacrorum cepit,
Liv. 27, 8, 6:hostis primum admiratio cepit, quidnam, etc.,
id. 44, 12, 1:tanta meae si te ceperunt taedia laudis,
Verg. G. 4, 332; cf. Anthol. Lat. I. p. 178;I. p. 196 Burm.: ignarosque loci passim et formidine captos Sternimus,
Verg. A. 2, 384:infelix, quae tanta animum dementia cepit!
id. ib. 5, 465; id. E. 6, 47:cum subita incautum dementia cepit amantem,
id. G. 4, 488; cf. Anthol. Lat. I. p. 170, 15;I. p. 168, 14 Burm.: Tarquinium mala libido Lucretiae stuprandae cepit,
Liv. 1, 57, 10:ingens quidem et luctus et pavor civitatem cepit,
id. 25, 22, 1:tantus repente maeror pavorque senatum eorum cepit,
id. 23, 20, 7:senatum metus cepit,
id. 23, 14, 8: si me... misericordia capsit. Att. ap. Non. p. 483, 11 (Trag. Rel. v. 454 Rib.): nec tuendi capere satietas potest, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24 (Trag. Rel. v. 410 ib.):quantus timor socios populi Romani cepisset,
Liv. 43, 11, 9.—Of injury, damage, loss, etc., to suffer, take, be subjected to:II. A.calamitatem,
Cic. Div. 1, 16, 29:detrimenti aliquid in aliqua re,
Col. 1, 8, 2.—Esp., in the legal formula, by which dictatorial powers were conferred by the senate upon the consuls or the entire magistracy in times of extreme danger to the state;videant ne quid res publica detrimenti capiat: decrevit quondam senatus, ut L. Opimius consul videret ne quid res publica detrimenti caperet,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 4:Hernici tantum terrorem incussere patribus, ut, quae forma senatus consulti ultimae semper necessitatis habita est, Postumio, alteri consulum, negotium daretur, videret, ne, etc.,
Liv. 3, 4, 9; cf. id. 6, 19, 2 sqq.:quod plerumque in atroci negotio solet, senatus decrevit, darent operam consules, ne quid, etc.... Ea potestas per senatum more Romano magistratui maxuma permittitur, exercitum parare, bellum gerere, coercere omnibus modis socios atque civis, domi militiaeque inperium atque judicium summum habere,
Sall. C. 29, 2 sq.Lit.1.In gen.: Ph. Sitit haec anus. Pa. Quantillum sitit? Ph. Modica'st, capit quadrantal, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 8:2.parte quod ex una spatium vacat et capit in se (ferrum),
Lucr. 6, 1030:jam mare litus habet, plenos capit alveus amnes,
Ov. M. 1, 344; cf.:terra feras cepit, volucres agitabilis aer,
id. ib. 1, 75:dum tenues capiat suus alveus undas,
id. ib. 8, 558:cunctosque (deos) dedisse Terga fugae, donec fessos Aegyptia tellus Ceperit,
id. ib. 5, 324.—Esp., with negatives, not to hold, to be too small for, etc.; cf.:B.di boni, quid turba est! Aedes nostrae vix capient, scio,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 13:qui cum una domo jam capi non possunt, in alias domos exeunt,
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 54: nec jam se capit [p. 286] unda;volat vapor ater ad auras,
Verg. A. 7, 466:non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46:non capit se mare,
Sen. Agam. 487:neque enim capiebant funera portae,
Ov. M. 7, 607:officium populi vix capiente domo,
id. P. 4, 4, 42:si di habitum corporis tui aviditati animi parem esse voluissent, orbis te non caperet,
Curt. 7, 8, 12:ut non immerito proditum sit... Graeciam omnem vix capere exercitum ejus (Xerxis) potuisse,
Just. 2, 10, 19.—Trop.1.To swallow up, ingulf, take in (rare):2. a.tot domus locupletissimas istius domus una capiet?
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 7.—Affirmatively (rare):b.quidquid mortalitas capere poterat, implevimus,
Curt. 9, 3, 7:si puer omni cura et summo, quantum illa aetas capit, labore, scripserit,
Quint. 2, 4, 17:dummodo ejus aetatis sit, ut dolum capiat,
Dig. 40, 12, 15.—With negatives:3.non capiunt angustiae pectoris tui (tantam personam),
Cic. Pis. 11, 24:leones, qui... nec capere irarum fluctus in pectore possunt,
Lucr. 3, 298:nec capiunt inclusas pectora flammas,
Ov. M. 6, 466:vix spes ipse suas animo capit,
id. ib. 11, 118:ardet et iram Non capit ipsa suam Progne,
id. ib. 6, 610; cf.:sic quoque concupiscis quae non capis,
Curt. 7, 8, 13:majora quam capit spirat,
id. 6, 9, 11:ad ultimum magnitudinem ejus (fortunae) non capit,
id. 3, 12, 20:infirma aetas majora non capiet,
Quint. 1, 11, 13.—Transf., of things, to admit of, be capable of, undergo (post-Aug. and rare):4.rimam fissuramque non capit sponte cedrus,
Plin. 16, 40, 78, § 212:molluscum... si magnitudinem mensarum caperet,
id. 16, 16, 27, § 68:res non capit restitutionem, cum statum mutat,
Dig. 4, 4, 19.—With inf., to be susceptible of, to be of a nature to, etc., = endechetai (late Lat.):5.nec capit humanis angoribus excruciari (Deus),
Prud. Apoth. 154:crimina, quae non capiunt indulgeri,
Tert. Pud. 1 fin.; id. Apol. 17; id. adv. Haer. 44 fin.; Paul. Nol. Carm. 9, 22.—Of the mind, to take, receive into the mind, comprehend, grasp, embrace (cf. intellego, to penetrate mentally, have insight into):2.sitque nonnumquam summittenda et contrahenda oratio, ne judex eam vel intellegere vel capere non possit,
Quint. 11, 1, 45:nullam esse gratiam tantam, quam non vel capere animus meus in accipiendo... posset,
id. 2, 6, 2:quae quidem ego nisi tam magna esse fatear, ut ea vix cujusquam mens aut cogitatio capere possit,
Cic. Marcell. 2, 6; id. N. D. 1, 19, 49:senatus ille, quem qui ex regibus constare dixit, unus veram speciem Romani senatus cepit,
Liv. 9, 17, 14:somnium laetius, quam quod mentes eorum capere possent,
id. 9, 9, 14.—P. a. as subst.: Capta, ae, f., a surname of Minerva, as worshipped on the Coelian Mount, but for what reason is not known, Ov. F. 3, 837 sq.căpĭo, ōnis, f. [1. capio]; in the Lat. of the jurists,I.A taking:II.dominii,
Dig. 39, 2, 18; Gell. 6 (7), 10, 3.—= usu capio or usucapio, the right of property acquired by prescription, Dig. 41, 1, 48, § 1; 41, 3, 21; 41, 5, 4; v. 1. usucapio. -
22 Capta
1.căpĭo, cepi, captum (old fut. perf. capso, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 61: capsit, Enn. ap. Non. p. 66, 27, or Ann. v. 324 Vahl.; Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 6; Att. ap. Non. p. 483, 12, or Trag. Rel. v. 454 Rib.; Paul. ex. Fest. p. 57 Mull.:I.capsimus,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 1, 15: capsis, acc. to Cic. Or. 45, 154, = cape si vis, but this is an error; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 66; old perf. cepet, Col. Rostr. 5; v. Wordsworth, Fragm. and Spec. p. 170), 3, v. a. [cf. kôpê, handle; Lat. capulum; Engl. haft; Germ. Heft; Sanscr. root hri-, take; cf. Gr. cheir, Engl. and Germ. hand, and Goth. hinthan, seize].Lit.A.In gen., to take in hand, take hold of, lay hold of, take, seize, grasp (cf.:B.sumo, prehendo): si hodie hercule fustem cepero aut stimulum in manum,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 9:cape hoc flabellum,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 47:cepit manibus tympanum,
Cat. 6, 3, 8:tu, genitor, cape sacra manu patriosque Penatis,
Verg. A. 2, 717:cape saxa manu, cape robora, pastor,
id. G. 3, 420:flammeum,
Cat. 61, 8:acria pocula,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 69:lora,
Prop. 3 (4), 9, 57:baculum,
Ov. M. 2, 789:colum cum calathis,
id. ib. 12, 475:florem ternis digitis,
Plin. 24, 10, 48, § 81:pignera,
Liv. 3, 38, 12; Dig. 48, 13, 9, § 6; Gai Inst. 4, 29:ut is in cavea pignus capiatur togae,
Plaut. Am. prol. 68: rem manu, Gai Inst. 1, 121:rem pignori,
Dig. 42, 1, 15, § 7; cf. ib. 42, 1, 15, § 4:scutum laeva,
Plin. 33, 1, 4, § 13:capias tu illius vestem,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 79: cape vorsoriam, seize the sheet, i. e. take a tack, turn about, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 19.—Very freq. of arms (cf. sumo); so in gen.: arma, to take up arms, i. e. engage in war or battle, Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 20 sq.; 9, 27; 11, 31; id. Planc. 36, 88; id. Phil. 4, 3, 7; Caes. B.G. 5, 26; 7, 4; Sall. C. 27, 4; 30, 1; 33, 2; 52, 27; id. J. 38, 5; 102, 12; Ov. M. 3, 115 sq.; 12, 91; 13, 221;and of particular weapons: ensem,
Ov. M. 13, 435:tela,
id. ib. 3, 307; 5, 366 et saep.—Of food, to take, partake of:quicum una cibum Capere soleo,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 61; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 77; Sall. J. 91, 2:lauti cibum capiunt,
Tac. G. 22.—In partic.1.Of living objects.a. (α).Of persons:(β).oppidum expugnavimus, et legiones Teleboarum vi pugnando cepimus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 258: summus ibi capitur meddix, occiditur alter, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Mull. (Ann. v. 296 Vahl.):quoniam belli nefarios duces captos jam et comprehensos tenetis,
Cic. Cat. 3, 7, 16:ibi Orgetorigis filia atque unus e filiis captus est,
Caes. B. G. 1, 26:reges capiuntur,
Lucr. 4, 1013; Tac. A. 4, 33:capta eo proelio tria milia peditum dicuntur,
Liv. 22, 49, 18:quos Byzantii ceperat,
Nep. Paus. 2, 3; id. Alcib. 9, 2; id. Dat. 2, 5; Quint. 6, 3, 61:captos ostendere civibus hostes,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 33:captus Tarento Livius,
Cic. Brut. 18, 72:servus ex hoste captus,
Quint. 5, 10, 67.—Hence, P. a. as subst.: captus, i, m., = captivus, a prisoner, captive:in captos clementia uti,
Nep. Alcib. 5, 7:inludere capto,
Verg. A. 2, 64:quae sit fiducia capto,
id. ib. 2, 75:ex captorum numero,
Liv. 28, 39, 10; Tac. A. 6, 1; 12, 37; 15, 1.—Also, capta, ae, f., a female captive:dicam hanc esse captam ex Caria, Ditem ac nobilem,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 47.—Of animals, birds, fish, etc., to catch, hunt down, take: quid hic venatu non cepit? Varr. ap. Non. p. 253, 31:b.si ab avibus capiundis auceps dicatur, debuisse ajunt ex piscibus capiundis, ut aucupem, sic piscicupem dici,
id. L. L. 8, § 61 Mull.:hic jaculo pisces, illa capiuntur ab hamis,
Ov. A. A. 1, 763:neque quicquam captum'st piscium,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 1, 12; cf.:nisi quid concharum capsimus,
id. ib. v. 18; Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58; Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 27: acipenserem, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:cervum,
Phaedr. 1, 5, 5; cf.:hic (Nereus) tibi prius vinclis capiendus,
Verg. G. 4, 396.—To win, captivate, charm, allure, enchain, enslave, fascinate; mostly with abl. of means: Ph. Amore ardeo. Pa. Quid agas? nisi ut te redimas captum quam queas Minumo, Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 29:c.quod insit in iis aliquid probi, quod capiat ignaros,
Cic. Off. 3, 3, 15: [p. 284] animum adulescentis... pellexit eis omnibus rebus, quibus illa aetas capi ac deleniri potest, id. Clu. 5, 13:quamvis voluptate capiatur,
id. Off. 1, 30, 105; Quint. 5, 11, 19:quem quidem adeo sua cepit humanitate,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 3:secum habuit Pomponium, captus adulescentis et humanitate et doctrina,
id. Att. 4, 1:nec bene promeritis capitur (deus), nec tangitur ira,
Lucr. 2, 651: ut pictura poesis;erit quae si propius stes Te capiat magis, et quaedam si longius abstes,
Hor. A. P. 362:hunc capit argenti splendor,
id. S. 1, 4, 28:te conjux aliena capit,
id. ib. 2, 7, 46:Cynthia prima suis miserum me cepit ocellis,
Prop. 1, 1, 1:carmine formosae, pretio capiuntur avarae,
Tib. 3, 1, 7:munditiis capimur,
Ov. A. A. 3, 133; id. M. 4, 170; 6, 465; 7, 802; 8, 124; 8, 435; 9, 511; 10, 529;14, 373: amore captivae victor captus,
Liv. 30, 12, 18:dulcedine vocis,
Ov. M. 1, 709; 11, 170:voce nova,
id. ib. 1, 678:temperie aquarum,
id. ib. 4, 344:(bos) herba captus viridi,
Verg. E. 6, 59:amoenitate loci,
Tac. A. 18, 52:auro,
Hor. C. 2, 18, 36:neque honoris neque pecuniae dulcedine sum captus,
Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:splendore hominis,
id. Fin. 1, 13, 42: ne oculis quidem captis in hanc fraudem decidisti;nam id concupisti quod numquam videras,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 102.—To cheat, seduce, deceive, mislead, betray, delude, catch:d.sapientis hanc vim esse maximam, cavere ne capiatur, ne fallatur videre,
Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66:injurium autem'st ulcisci advorsarios? Aut qua via te captent eadem ipsos capi?
Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 16: uti ne propter te fidemque tuam captus fraudatusque sim, form. ap. Cic. Off. 3, 17, 70:eodem captus errore quo nos,
involved in the same error, Cic. Phil. 12, 2, 6; id. ap. Non. p. 253, 25; cf.:ne quo errore milites caperentur,
Liv. 8, 6, 16:capere ante dolis Reginam,
Verg. A. 1, 673:captique dolis lacrimisque coactis (Sinonis),
id. ib. 2, 196:ubi me eisdem dolis non quit capere,
Sall. J. 14, 11:adulescentium animi molles et aetate fluxi dolis haud difficulter capiebantur,
id. C. 14, 5:capi alicujus dolo,
Nep. Dat. 10, 1:dolum ad capiendos eos conparant,
Liv. 23, 35, 2:quas callida Colchis (i.e. Medea) amicitiae mendacis imagine cepit,
Ov. M. 7, 301.—To defeat, convict, overcome in a suit or dispute (rare):e. (α).tu si me impudicitiae captas, non potes capere,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 189:tu caves ne tui consultores, ille ne urbes aut castra capiantur (cf. B. 2. b. infra),
Cic. Mur. 9, 22:callidus et in capiendo adversario versutus (orator),
id. Brut. 48, 178.—Of the physical powers, to lame, mutilate, maim, impair or weaken in the limbs, senses, etc. (only pass. capi, and esp. in part. perf. captus):(β).mancus et membris omnibus captus ac debilis,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 21:ipse Hannibal... altero oculo capitur,
loses an eye, Liv. 22, 2, 11:captus omnibus membris,
id. 2, 36, 8:capti auribus et oculis metu omnes torpere,
id. 21, 58, 5:oculis membrisque captus,
Plin. 33, 4, 24, § 83:congerantur in unum omnia, ut idem oculis et auribus captus sit,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 117:si captus oculis sit, ut Tiresias fuit,
id. Div. 2, 3, 9; Verg. G. 1, 183:habuit filium captum altero oculo,
Suet. Vit. 6:censorem Appium deum ira post aliquot annos luminibus captum,
Liv. 9, 29, 11; Val. Max. 1, 1, 17:lumine,
Ov. F. 6, 204:princeps pedibus captus,
Liv. 43, 7, 5; cf.:captum leto posuit caput,
Verg. A. 11, 830;and of the mole: aut oculis capti fodere cubilia talpae,
id. G. 1, 183.—Of the mental powers, to deprive of sense or intellect; only in part. perf. captus, usu. agreeing with pers. subj., and with abl. mente, silly, insane, crazy, crazed, lunatic, mad:f.labi, decipi tam dedecet quam delirare et mente esse captum,
Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:vino aut somno oppressi aut mente capti,
id. Ac. 2, 17, 53; Quint. 8, 3, 4;rarely mentibu' capti,
Lucr. 4, 1022; so,animo,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 107; very rarely with gen.:captus animi,
Tac. H. 3, 73.— Absol.:virgines captae furore,
Liv. 24, 26, 12.—Less freq. agreeing with mens or animus:viros velut mente capta cum jactatione fanatica corporis vaticinari,
Liv. 39, 13, 12:captis magis mentibus, quam consceleratis similis visa,
id. 8, 18, 11; cf.:capti et stupentes animi,
id. 6, 36, 8.—To choose, select, elect, take, pick out, adopt, accept a person for a particular purpose or to sustain a particular office or relation:2.de istac sum judex captus,
Plaut. Merc. 4, 3, 33:Aricini atque Ardeates de ambiguo agro... judicem populum Romanum cepere,
Liv. 3, 71, 2:me cepere arbitrum,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 91:te mihi patronam capio, Thais,
id. Eun. 5, 2, 48:quom illum generum cepimus,
id. Hec. 4, 1, 22; cf.:non, si capiundos mihi sciam esse inimicos omnis homines,
make them enemies thereby, id. And. 4, 2, 12:si quis magistrum cepit ad eam rem inprobum,
id. ib. 1, 2, 21.—So the formula of the Pontifex Maximus, in the consecration of a vestal virgin: sacerdotem Vestalem, quae sacra faciat... ita te, Amata, capio, Fab. Pict. ap. Gell. 1, 12, 14; cf.:plerique autem capi virginem solam debere dici putant, sed flamines quoque Diales, item pontifices et augures capi dicebantur,
Gell. 1, 12, 15:jam ne ea causa pontifex capiar?... ecquis me augurem capiat? Cat. ib. § 17: Amata inter capiendum a pontifice maximo appellatur, quoniam, quae prima capta est, hoc fuisse nomen traditum est, Gell. ib. § 19: rettulit Caesar capiendam virginem in locum Occiae,
Tac. A. 2, 86; 4, 16; 15, 22:religio, quae in annos singulos Jovis sacerdotem sortito capi jubeat,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51, § 127:C. Flaccus flamen captus a P. Licinio pontifice maximo erat,
Liv. 27, 8, 5 Weissenb. ad loc.—Of places.a.To occupy, choose, select, take possession of, enter into; mostly milit. t. t., to take up a position, select a place for a camp, etc.:b.loca capere, castra munire,
Caes. B. G. 3, 23:castris locum capere,
Liv. 9, 17, 15; Suet. Aug. 94 fin.:locum capere castris,
Quint. 12, 2, 5:ut non fugiendi hostis, sed capiendi loci causa cessisse videar,
Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 294:ad Thebanos transfugere velle, et locum extra urbem editum capere,
Nep. Ages. 6, 2:nocte media profectus, ut locum quem vellet, priusquam hostes sentirent, caperet,
Liv. 34, 14, 1:neminem elegantius loca cepisse, praesidia disposuisse,
id. 35, 14, 9:erat autem Philopoemen praecipuae in ducendo agmine locisque capiendis solertiae atque usus,
id. 35, 28, 1:locum cepere paulo quam alii editiorem,
Sall. J. 58, 3:duces, ut quisque locum ceperat, cedere singulos,
Dict. Cret. 2, 46; so,of position on the battle-field: quod mons suberat, eo se recipere coeperunt. Capto monte, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 25:tenuit non solum ales captam semelsedem, sed, etc.,
Liv. 7, 26, 5:quem quis in pugnando ceperat locum, eum amissa anima corpore tegebat,
Flor. 4, 1; Sall. C. 61, 2; rarely with dat. of pers.:tumulum suis cepit,
Liv. 31, 41, 9, for a tomb: LOCVM SIBI MONVMENTO CEPIT. Inscr. Grut. 346, 6;for taking the auspices' se (Gracchum) cum legeret libros, recordatum esse, vitio sibi tabernaculum captum fuisse,
Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11; cf.:Palatium Romulus, Remus Aventinum ad inaugurandum templa capiunt,
Liv. 1, 6, 4;for refuge: omnes Samnitium copiae montes proximos fuga capiunt,
id. 9, 43, 20:Anchises natum Conventus trahit in medios... Et tumulum capit,
Verg. A. 6, 753; 12, 562:ante locum capies oculis ( = eliges),
Verg. G. 2, 230 Serv. ad loc.: nunc terras ordine longo Aut capere aut captas jam despectare videntur (cycni), to select places on which to light, or to be just settling down on places already selected, id. A. 1, 396 Forbig. ad loc.—To take by force, capture, storm, reduce, conquer, seize:c.invadam extemplo in oppidum antiquom: Si id capso, etc.,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 61: oppidum vi, Cat. ap. Charis. 2, p. 191 P.:MACELLAM OPPVGNANDO,
Col. Rostr. Inscr. Orell. 549:CORSICAM,
Inscr. Orell. 551: oppida, Enn. ap. Prisc. 9, p. 868 P. (Ann. v. 487 Vahl.):ad alia oppida pergit, pauca repugnantibus Numidis capit,
Sall. J. 92, 3; Prop. 3, 4 (4, 3), 16:Troja capta,
Liv. 1, 1, 1; Hor. S. 2, 3, 191: Coriolos. Liv. 3, 71, 7:urbem opulentissimam,
id. 5, 20, 1:ante oppidum Nolam fortissuma Samnitium castra cepit,
Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72:castra hostium,
Nep. Dat. 6, 7:concursu oppidanorum facto scalis vacua defensoribus moenia capi possent,
Liv. 42, 63, 6:plurimas hostium vestrorum in Hispania urbes,
id. 28, 39, 10:sedem belli,
Vell. 2, 74, 3; cf. Cic. Mur. 9, 22 (B. 1. d. supra).— Trop.:oppressa captaque re publica,
Cic. Dom. 10, 26: qui, bello averso ab hostibus, patriam suam cepissent, Liv. 3, 50, 15.—To reach, attain, arrive at, betake one ' s self to (mostly by ships, etc.):3.insulam capere non potuerant,
Caes. B. G. 4, 26 fin.:onerariae duae eosdem quos reliqui portus capere non potuerunt,
id. ib. 4, 36:accidit uti, ex iis (navibus) perpaucae locum caperent,
id. ib. 5, 23:nostrae naves, cum ignorarent, quem locum reliquae cepissent,
id. B. C. 3, 28: praemiis magnis propositis, qui primus insulam cepisset, Auct. B. Alex. 17.— Trop.:qui... tenere cursum possint et capere otii illum portum et dignitatis,
Cic. Sest. 46, 99.—Of things of value, property, money, etc.a.In gen., to take, seize, wrest, receive, obtain, acquire, get, etc.:b.AVRVM, ARGENTVM,
Col. Rostr. Inscr. Orell. 549:de praedonibus praedam capere,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 14:agros de hostibus,
Cic. Dom. 49, 128:ut ager ex hostibus captus viritim divideretur,
Liv. 4, 48, 2:quinqueremem una cum defensoribus remigibusque, Auct. B. Alex. 16, 7: naves,
Nep. Con. 4, 4:classem,
id. Cim. 2, 2:magnas praedas,
id. Dat. 10, 2:ex hostibus pecuniam,
Liv. 5, 20, 5; cf.:e nostris spolia cepit laudibus, Cic. poet. Tusc. 2, 9, 22: signum ex Macedonia,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 149:signum pulcherrimum Carthagine captum,
id. ib. 2, 4, 38, §82: sed eccam ipsa egreditur, nostri fundi calamitas: nam quod nos capere oportet, haec intercipit,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 35:cape cedo,
id. Phorm. 5, 8, 57:ut reliqui fures, earum rerum quas ceperunt, signa commutant,
Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 74:majores nostri non solum id, quod de Campanis (agri) ceperant, non imminuerunt, etc.,
id. Agr. 2, 29, 81:te duce ut insigni capiam cum laude coronam,
Lucr. 6, 95.—With abstr. objects:paupertatem adeo facile perpessus est, ut de republica nihil praeter gloriam ceperit,
Nep. Epam. 3, 4:ut ceteri, qui per eum aut honores aut divitias ceperant,
id. Att. 7, 2:quoniam formam hujus cepi in me et statum,
assumed, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 110:quare non committeret, ut is locus ex calamitate populi Romani nomen caperet,
Caes. B. G. 1, 13:regnum Tiberinus ab illis Cepit,
succeeded to, Ov. M. 14, 615.—In particular connections.(α).With pecuniam (freq. joined with concilio; v. infra), to take illegally, exact, extort, accept a bribe. take blackmail, etc., esp. of magistrates who were accused de pecuniis repetundis:(β).his ego judicibus non probabo C. Verrem contra leges pecuniam cepisse?
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10:HS. quadringentiens cepisse te arguo contra leges,
id. ib. 2, 2, 10, § 26; cf.:quicquid ab horum quopiam captum est,
id. ib. §27: tamen hae pecuniae per vim atque injuriam tuam captae et conciliatae tibi fraudi et damnationi esse deberent,
id. ib. 2, 3, 40, §91: utrum (potestis), cum judices sitis de pecunia capta conciliata, tantam pecuniam captam neglegere?
id. ib. 2, 3, 94, §218: quid est aliud capere conciliare pecunias. si hoc non est vi atque imperio cogere invitos lucrum dare alteri?
id. ib. 2, 3, 30, §71: sequitur de captis pecuniis et de ambitu,
id. Leg. 3, 20, 46:ita aperte cepit pecunias ob rem judicandam, ut, etc.,
id. Fin. 2, 16, 54:quos censores furti et captarum pecuniarum nomine notaverunt,
id. Clu. 42, 120:nondum commemoro rapinas, non exactas pecunias, non captas, non imperatas,
id. Pis. 16, 38:si quis ob rem judicandam pecuniam cepisset... neque solum hoc genus pecuniae capiendae turpe, sed etiam nefarium esse arbitrabantur,
id. Rab. Post. 7, 16; id. N. D. 3, 30, 70; Sall. J. 32, 1:ab regibus Illyriorum,
Liv. 42, 45, 8:saevitiae captarumque pecuniarum teneri reum,
Tac. A. 3, 67; 4, 31.—Of inheritance and bequest, to take, inherit, obtain, acquire, get, accept:(γ).si ex hereditate nihil ceperit,
Cic. Off, 3, 24, 93:qui morte testamentove ejus tantundem capiat quantum omnes heredes,
id. Leg. 2, 19, 48:abdicatus ne quid de bonis patris capiat,
Quint. 3, 6, 96:aut non justum testamentum est, aut capere non potes,
id. 5, 14, 16:si capiendi Jus nullum uxori,
Juv. 1, 55:qui testamentum faciebat, ei, qui usque ad certum modum capere potuerat, legavit, etc.,
Dig. 22, 3, 27: quod ille plus capere non poterat, ib. fin.:qui ex bonis testatoris solidum capere non possit,
ib. 28, 6, 6; 39, 6, 30.—Of regular income, revenue, etc., rents, tolls, profits, etc., to collect, receive, obtain: nam ex [p. 285] eis praediis talenta argenti bina Capiebat statim, Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 7:C.capit ille ex suis praediis sexcenta sestertia, ego centena ex meis,
Cic. Par. 6, 3, 49:stipendium jure belli,
Caes. B. G. 1, 28:quinquagena talenta vectigalis ex castro,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 4:vectigal ex agro eorum capimus,
Liv. 28, 39, 13:quadragena annua ex schola,
Suet. Gram. 23:si recte habitaveris... fundus melior erit... fructus plus capies,
Cato, R. R. 4, 2.—Trop.1.Of profit, benefit, advantage, to take, seize, obtain, get, enjoy, reap (mostly in phrase fructum capere):2.metuit semper, quem ipsa nunc capit Fructum, nequando iratus tu alio conferas,
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 59:honeste acta superior aetas fructus capit auctoritatis extremos,
Cic. Sen. 18, 62:ex iis etiam fructum capio laboris mei,
id. Div. 2, 5:ex quibus (litteris) cepi fructum duplicem,
id. Fam. 10, 5, 1:multo majorem fructum ex populi existimatione illo damnato cepimus, quam ex ipsius, si absolutus esset, gratia cepissemus,
id. Att. 1, 4, 2:fructum immortalem vestri in me et amoris et judicii,
id. Pis. 14, 31:aliquem fructum dulcedinis almae,
Lucr. 2, 971; 5, 1410; Luc. 7, 32.—In other connections:quid ex ea re tandem ut caperes commodi?
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 25:utilitates ex amicitia maximas,
Cic. Lael. 9, 32:usuram alicujus corporis,
Plaut. Am. prol. 108.—Of external characteristics, form, figure, appearance, etc., to take, assume, acquire, put on:3.gestum atque voltum novom,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 50 ' faciem aliquam cepere morando, Ov. M. 1, 421; 13, 605:figuras Datque capitque novas,
id. ib. 15, 309:formam capit quam lilia,
id. ib. 10, 212; cf.:duritiam ab aere,
id. ib. 4, 751.— Transf., of plants, etc.:radicem capere,
to take root, Cato, R. R. 51:cum pali defixi radices cepissent,
Plin. 17, 17, 27, § 123:siliculam capere,
Varr. R. R. 1, 23, 3:maturitatem capere,
Col. 4, 23, 1:radix libere capit viris,
Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 161:vires cepisse nocendi,
Ov. M. 7, 417:(telinum) rursus refrigeratum odorem suum capit,
Plin. 13, 1, 2, § 13.—Of mental characteristics, habits, etc., to take, assume, adopt, cultivate, cherish, possess:4.cape sis virtutem animo et corde expelle desidiam tuo,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 24:qua re si Glabrionis patris vim et acrimoniam ceperis ad resistendum hominibus audacissimis, si avi prudentiam ad prospiciendas insidias, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 1, 17, 52:aliquando, patres conscripti, patrium animum virtutemque capiamus,
id. Phil. 3, 11, 29:consuetudinem exercitationemque,
id. Off. 1, 18, 59:misericordiam,
id. Quint. 31, 97:quam (adsuetudinem) tu dum capias, taedia nulla fuge,
Ov. A. A. 2, 346:disciplinam principum,
Plin. Pan. 46. —With dat.:quorum animis avidis... neque lex neque tutor capere est qui possit modum,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 14 Wagn. ad loc.—Of offices, employments, duties, etc., = suscipio, to undertake, assume, enter upon, accept, take upon one ' s self, etc.:5.nam olim populi prius honorem capiebat suffragio, Quam magistro desinebat esse dicto oboediens,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 34:o Geta, provinciam Cepisti duram,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 23:in te cepi Capuam, non quo munus illud defugerem,
took command at Capua, Cic. Att. 8. 3, 4:consulatum,
id. Pis. 2, 3; Sall. J. 63, 2:honores,
Nep. Att. 7, 2; Suet. Aug. 26:imperium,
id. Claud. 10:magistratum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 21, 62; Liv. 2, 33, 1; Suet. Aug. 2:magistratus,
Sall. H. 1, 41, 21 Dietsch; Nep. Phoc. 1, 1; Suet. Caes. 75:capiatque aliquis moderamina (navis),
Ov. M. 3, 644:rerum moderamen,
id. ib. 6, 677:pontificatum maximum,
Suet. Vit. 11:rem publicam,
Sall. C. 5, 6:neve cui patrum capere eum magistratum liceret,
Liv. 2, 33, 1:ut ceperat haud tumultuose magistratum majore gaudio plebis, etc.,
id. 5, 13, 2.—Rarely with dat. of pers., to obtain for, secure for:patres praeturam Sp. Furio Camillo gratia campestri ceperunt,
Liv. 7, 1, 2.—In gen., of any occupation, work, or undertaking, to begin, enter upon, take, undertake, etc.:6.augurium ex arce,
Liv. 10, 7, 10:augurium capienti duodecim se vultures ostenderunt,
Suet. Aug. 95; id. Vesp. 11:omen,
Cic. Div. 1, 46, 104:in castris Romanis cum frustra multi conatus ad erumpendum capti essent,
Liv. 9, 4, 1:rursus impetu capto enituntur,
id. 2, 65, 5; Quint. 6, 1, 28; Suet. Aug. 42; id. Calig. 43: cursum, id. Oth. 6:a quibus temporibus scribendi capiatur exordium,
Cic. Leg. 1, 3, 8:experimentum eorum inversa manu capitur,
Plin. 13, 2, 3, § 19 ( poet.):nec vestra capit discordia finem,
Verg. A. 10, 106:fugam,
to take to flight, flee, Caes. B. G. 7, 26; so, capere impetum, to take a start, gather momentum:ad impetum capiundum modicum erat spatium,
Liv. 10, 5, 6; cf.:expeditionis Germanicae impetum cepit,
suddenly resolved to make, Suet. Calig. 43: capere initium, to begin:ea pars artis, ex qua capere initium solent,
Quint. 2, 11, 1.— Transf., of place:eorum (finium) una pars, quam Gallos optinere dictum est, initium capit a flumine Rhodano,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1:a dis inmortalibus sunt nobis agendi capienda primordia,
Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 7.—Of an opportunity or occasion, to seize, embrace, take:7.si occassionem capsit,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 6:si lubitum fuerit, causam ceperit,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 8:quod tempus conveniundi patris me capere suadeat,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 4, 9:si satis commode tempus ad te cepit adeundi,
Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 1.—Of operations of the mind, resolutions, purposes, plans, thoughts, etc., to form, conceive, entertain, come to, reach:8.quantum ex ipsa re conjecturam cepimus,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 25 MSS. (Fleck. al. ex conj. fecimus); Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 32:cum jam ex diei tempore conjecturam ceperat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 35:hujusce rei conjecturam de tuo ipsius studio, Servi, facillime ceperis,
Cic. Mur. 4, 9.— Absol.:conjecturam capere,
Cic. Div. 1, 57, 130:nec quid corde nunc consili capere possim, Scio,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 12:capti consili memorem mones,
id. Stich 4, 1, 72:quo pacto porro possim Potiri consilium volo capere una tecum,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 66; 5, 2, 28:temerarium consilium,
Liv. 25, 34, 7:tale capit consilium,
Nep. Eum. 9, 3.— With inf.:confitendum... eadem te hora consilium cepisse hominis propinqui fortunas funditus evertere,
Cic. Quint. 16, 53; Caes. B. G. 7, 71 init. —With ut:subito consilium cepi, ut exirem,
Cic. Att. 7, 10 init. —With gen. gerund. (freq.):legionis opprimendae consilium capere,
Caes. B. G. 3, 2:obprimundae reipublicae consilium cepit,
Sall. C. 16, 4.—With sibi:si id non fecisset, sibi consilium facturos,
Caes. B. C. 2, 20:ut ego rationem oculis capio,
Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 2:cepi rationem ut, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 11.—Of examples, instances, proofs, etc., to take, derive, draw, obtain:9.ex quo documentum nos capere fortuna voluit quid esset victis extimescendum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5:quid istuc tam mirum'st, de te si exemplum capit? Ter And. 4, 1, 26: exemplum ex aliqua re,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:praesagia a sole,
Plin. 18, 35, 78, § 341:illud num dubitas quin specimen naturae capi debeat ex optima quaque natura?
Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 32.—Of impressions, feelings, etc., to take, entertain, conceive, receive, be subjected to, suffer, experience, etc.:10.tantum laborem capere ob talem filium?
Ter. And. 5, 2, 29:omnes mihi labores fuere quos cepi leves,
id. Heaut. 2, 4, 19:laborem inanem ipsus capit,
id. Hec. 3, 2, 9:ex eo nunc misera quem capit Laborem!
id. And. 4, 3, 4: miseriam omnem ego capio;hic potitur gaudia,
id. Ad. 5, 4, 22:satietatem dum capiet pater Illius quam amat,
Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 10:plus aegri ex abitu viri quam ex adventu voluptatis cepi,
id. ib. 2, 2, 9:cum illa quacum volt voluptatem capit,
id. ib. prol. 114:angor iste, qui pro amico saepe capiendus est,
Cic. Lael. 13, 48:quae (benevolentia) quidem capitur beneficiis maxime,
id. Off. 2, 9, 32:laetitiam quam capiebam memoria rationum inventorumque nostrorum,
id. Fin. 2, 30, 96:lenire desiderium quod capiebat e filio,
id. Sen. 15, 54:opinione omnium majorem animo cepi dolorem,
id. Brut. 1, 1:itaque cepi voluptatem, tam ornatum virum fuisse in re publica,
id. ib. 40, 147:ex civibus victis gaudium meritum capiam,
Liv. 27, 40, 9:ne quam... invidiam apud patres ex prodiga largitione caperet,
id. 5, 20, 2:ad summam laetitiam meam, quam ex tuo reditu capio, magnus illius adventu cumulus accedet,
id. Att. 4, 19, 2 (4, 18, 3):laetitia, quam oculis cepi justo interitu tyranni,
id. ib. 14, 14, 4:ex praealto tecto lapsus matris et adfinium cepit oblivionem,
lost his memory, Plin. 7, 24, 24, § 90: virtutis opinionem, Auct. B. G. 8, 8: somnum, Cic. Tusc. 4, 19, 44: taedium vitae, Nep. ap. Gell. 6 (7), 18, 11:maria aspera juro Non ullum pro me tantum (me) cepisse timorem, Quam, etc.,
Verg. A. 6, 352 Forbig. ad loc.:et in futurum etiam metum ceperunt,
Liv. 33, 27, 10:voluptatem animi,
Cic. Planc. 1, 1:malis alienis voluptatem capere laetitiae (cum sit),
id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66:quaeque mihi sola capitur nunc mente voluptas,
Ov. P. 4, 9, 37.—Transf., with the feelings, experience, etc., as subj., to seize, overcome, possess, occupy, affect, take possession of, move, etc. (cf. lambanô, in this sense and like 9. supra): nutrix: Cupido cepit miseram nunc me, proloqui Caelo atque terrae Medeai miserias, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63 (Trag. Rel. v. 291 Vahl.):11.edepol te desiderium Athenarum arbitror cepisse saepe,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 14:numquam commerui merito ut caperet odium illam mei,
id. ib. 4, 2, 4:sicubi eum satietas Hominum aut negoti odium ceperat,
id. Eun. 3, 1, 14:nos post reges exactos servitutis oblivio ceperat,
Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 9:te cepisse odium regni videbatur,
id. ib. 2, 36, 91:Romulum Remumque cupido cepit urbis condendae,
Liv. 1, 6, 3:cupido eum ceperat in verticem montis ascendendi,
id. 40, 21, 2:etiam victores sanguinis caedisque ceperat satietas,
id. 27, 49, 8; Mel. 3, 5, 2:qui pavor hic, qui terror, quae repente oblivio animos cepit?
Liv. 27, 13, 2:oblivio deorum capiat pectora vestra,
id. 38, 46, 12:tantane te cepere oblivia nostri?
Ov. Tr. 1, 8, 11:ut animum ejus cura sacrorum cepit,
Liv. 27, 8, 6:hostis primum admiratio cepit, quidnam, etc.,
id. 44, 12, 1:tanta meae si te ceperunt taedia laudis,
Verg. G. 4, 332; cf. Anthol. Lat. I. p. 178;I. p. 196 Burm.: ignarosque loci passim et formidine captos Sternimus,
Verg. A. 2, 384:infelix, quae tanta animum dementia cepit!
id. ib. 5, 465; id. E. 6, 47:cum subita incautum dementia cepit amantem,
id. G. 4, 488; cf. Anthol. Lat. I. p. 170, 15;I. p. 168, 14 Burm.: Tarquinium mala libido Lucretiae stuprandae cepit,
Liv. 1, 57, 10:ingens quidem et luctus et pavor civitatem cepit,
id. 25, 22, 1:tantus repente maeror pavorque senatum eorum cepit,
id. 23, 20, 7:senatum metus cepit,
id. 23, 14, 8: si me... misericordia capsit. Att. ap. Non. p. 483, 11 (Trag. Rel. v. 454 Rib.): nec tuendi capere satietas potest, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24 (Trag. Rel. v. 410 ib.):quantus timor socios populi Romani cepisset,
Liv. 43, 11, 9.—Of injury, damage, loss, etc., to suffer, take, be subjected to:II. A.calamitatem,
Cic. Div. 1, 16, 29:detrimenti aliquid in aliqua re,
Col. 1, 8, 2.—Esp., in the legal formula, by which dictatorial powers were conferred by the senate upon the consuls or the entire magistracy in times of extreme danger to the state;videant ne quid res publica detrimenti capiat: decrevit quondam senatus, ut L. Opimius consul videret ne quid res publica detrimenti caperet,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 4:Hernici tantum terrorem incussere patribus, ut, quae forma senatus consulti ultimae semper necessitatis habita est, Postumio, alteri consulum, negotium daretur, videret, ne, etc.,
Liv. 3, 4, 9; cf. id. 6, 19, 2 sqq.:quod plerumque in atroci negotio solet, senatus decrevit, darent operam consules, ne quid, etc.... Ea potestas per senatum more Romano magistratui maxuma permittitur, exercitum parare, bellum gerere, coercere omnibus modis socios atque civis, domi militiaeque inperium atque judicium summum habere,
Sall. C. 29, 2 sq.Lit.1.In gen.: Ph. Sitit haec anus. Pa. Quantillum sitit? Ph. Modica'st, capit quadrantal, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 8:2.parte quod ex una spatium vacat et capit in se (ferrum),
Lucr. 6, 1030:jam mare litus habet, plenos capit alveus amnes,
Ov. M. 1, 344; cf.:terra feras cepit, volucres agitabilis aer,
id. ib. 1, 75:dum tenues capiat suus alveus undas,
id. ib. 8, 558:cunctosque (deos) dedisse Terga fugae, donec fessos Aegyptia tellus Ceperit,
id. ib. 5, 324.—Esp., with negatives, not to hold, to be too small for, etc.; cf.:B.di boni, quid turba est! Aedes nostrae vix capient, scio,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 13:qui cum una domo jam capi non possunt, in alias domos exeunt,
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 54: nec jam se capit [p. 286] unda;volat vapor ater ad auras,
Verg. A. 7, 466:non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46:non capit se mare,
Sen. Agam. 487:neque enim capiebant funera portae,
Ov. M. 7, 607:officium populi vix capiente domo,
id. P. 4, 4, 42:si di habitum corporis tui aviditati animi parem esse voluissent, orbis te non caperet,
Curt. 7, 8, 12:ut non immerito proditum sit... Graeciam omnem vix capere exercitum ejus (Xerxis) potuisse,
Just. 2, 10, 19.—Trop.1.To swallow up, ingulf, take in (rare):2. a.tot domus locupletissimas istius domus una capiet?
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 7.—Affirmatively (rare):b.quidquid mortalitas capere poterat, implevimus,
Curt. 9, 3, 7:si puer omni cura et summo, quantum illa aetas capit, labore, scripserit,
Quint. 2, 4, 17:dummodo ejus aetatis sit, ut dolum capiat,
Dig. 40, 12, 15.—With negatives:3.non capiunt angustiae pectoris tui (tantam personam),
Cic. Pis. 11, 24:leones, qui... nec capere irarum fluctus in pectore possunt,
Lucr. 3, 298:nec capiunt inclusas pectora flammas,
Ov. M. 6, 466:vix spes ipse suas animo capit,
id. ib. 11, 118:ardet et iram Non capit ipsa suam Progne,
id. ib. 6, 610; cf.:sic quoque concupiscis quae non capis,
Curt. 7, 8, 13:majora quam capit spirat,
id. 6, 9, 11:ad ultimum magnitudinem ejus (fortunae) non capit,
id. 3, 12, 20:infirma aetas majora non capiet,
Quint. 1, 11, 13.—Transf., of things, to admit of, be capable of, undergo (post-Aug. and rare):4.rimam fissuramque non capit sponte cedrus,
Plin. 16, 40, 78, § 212:molluscum... si magnitudinem mensarum caperet,
id. 16, 16, 27, § 68:res non capit restitutionem, cum statum mutat,
Dig. 4, 4, 19.—With inf., to be susceptible of, to be of a nature to, etc., = endechetai (late Lat.):5.nec capit humanis angoribus excruciari (Deus),
Prud. Apoth. 154:crimina, quae non capiunt indulgeri,
Tert. Pud. 1 fin.; id. Apol. 17; id. adv. Haer. 44 fin.; Paul. Nol. Carm. 9, 22.—Of the mind, to take, receive into the mind, comprehend, grasp, embrace (cf. intellego, to penetrate mentally, have insight into):2.sitque nonnumquam summittenda et contrahenda oratio, ne judex eam vel intellegere vel capere non possit,
Quint. 11, 1, 45:nullam esse gratiam tantam, quam non vel capere animus meus in accipiendo... posset,
id. 2, 6, 2:quae quidem ego nisi tam magna esse fatear, ut ea vix cujusquam mens aut cogitatio capere possit,
Cic. Marcell. 2, 6; id. N. D. 1, 19, 49:senatus ille, quem qui ex regibus constare dixit, unus veram speciem Romani senatus cepit,
Liv. 9, 17, 14:somnium laetius, quam quod mentes eorum capere possent,
id. 9, 9, 14.—P. a. as subst.: Capta, ae, f., a surname of Minerva, as worshipped on the Coelian Mount, but for what reason is not known, Ov. F. 3, 837 sq.căpĭo, ōnis, f. [1. capio]; in the Lat. of the jurists,I.A taking:II.dominii,
Dig. 39, 2, 18; Gell. 6 (7), 10, 3.—= usu capio or usucapio, the right of property acquired by prescription, Dig. 41, 1, 48, § 1; 41, 3, 21; 41, 5, 4; v. 1. usucapio. -
23 accepte
ac-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. ( fut. perf. accepso = accepero, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31, or Rib. Trag. Rel. 118) [capio], to accept.I.In gen., to take a person or thing to one's self: leno ad se accipiet hominem et aurum, will take the man and his money to himself (into his house), Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 51.a.Of things received by the hand, to take, receive: cette manus vestras measque accipite, Enn. ap. Non. 85, 1 (Trag. v. 320 ed. Vahl.):b.ex tua accepi manu pateram,
Plaut. Amph. 2, 2, 132; hence, trop. of the word given, the promise, with which a grasping of the hand was usually connected: accipe daque fidem, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 33 ed. Vahl.; so in the Gr. pista dounai kai labein); cf. Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 87; so Verg. A. 8, 150;in Ter. of a person to be protected: hanc (virginem) accepi, acceptam servabo,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 62; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 5, and Sall. C. 6, 5, —Of things received or taken by different parts of the body: accipite hoc onus in vestros collos, Cato ap. Non. 200, 23:c.gremio,
Verg. A. 1, 685:oculis aut pectore noctem (i. e. somnum),
id. ib. 4, 531.—In gen., very freq.,(α). (β).of something that falls to one's share, to get, to receive, to be the recipient of (Gr. lambanein).—(α).To take, accept:(β).hanc epistulam accipe a me,
take this letter from me, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 52; 4, 2, 26; cf. id. Ep. 3, 4, 26:persuasit aliis, ut pecuniam accipere mallent,
Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82:condicionem pacis,
Caes. B. G. 2, 15:armis obsidibusque acceptis Crassus profectus est,
after he had taken into his possession the arms and hostages, id. ib. 3, 23:divitias,
Nep. Epam. 4, 3:aliquid a patre,
to inherit, id. Timoth. 1, 1; id. Att. 1:accipe et haec, manuum tibi quae monumenta mearum sint,
Verg. A. 3, 486 al. —Hence to receive or entertain as guest:haec (tellus) fessos placidissima portu accipit,
Verg. A. 3, 78:Laurentes nymphae, accipite Aenean,
id. ib. 8, 71; 155; Ov. M. 8, 655 al.—Of admittance to political privileges:Nomentani et Pedani in civitatem accepti,
Liv. 8, 14; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 11, 35:magnifice volo summos viros accipere,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 34:in loco festivo sumus festive accepti,
id. ib. 5, 19; so id. Cist. 1, 1, 12; id. Men. 5, 2, 44; id. Pers. 1, 1, 32, etc.; Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 52; Lucr. 3, 907; Cic. Att. 16, 6; Ov. F. 2, 725 al.—Hence also ironically, to entertain, to treat, deal with:ego te miseris jam accipiam modis,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 3:hominem accipiam quibus dictis maeret,
id. Men. 5, 1, 7:indignis acceptus modis,
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 12. Perh. also Lucil. ap. Non. 521, 1: adeo male me accipiunt decimae, treat or use me ill, deal harshly with me; and ib. 240, 8: sic, inquam, veteratorem illum vetulum lupum Hannibalem acceptum (Non. explains the latter in a very unusual manner, by deceptum).—To get, to receive, to be the recipient of, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31; Lucr. 1, 819, 909; 2, 762, 885, 1009:II.ictus,
id. 4, 1048 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 243: vulnera accipiunt tergo): aridior nubes accipit ignem, takes or catches fire, Lucr. 6, 150; Caes. B. G. 1, 48:humanitatem iis tribuere debemus, a quibus accepimus,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9:pecuniam ob rem judicandam,
id. Verr. 1, 38:luna lumen solis accipit,
id. de Or. 3, 45; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 17:praeclarum accepimus a majoribus morem,
Cic. Off. 3, 10, 44: praecepta, Caes. B. G. 2, 6: accepi tuas litteras (in another sense than above), I have received your letter, it has reached me (allatae sunt ad me), Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 14; 2, 1, 1; 10, 1 al.:acceptā injuriā ignoscere quam persequi malebant,
Sall. C. 9, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 33:calamitatem,
ib. 1, 31:detrimenta,
ib. 5, 22; cf. Cic. Mur. 21, 44 al. So often of dignities and offices:provinciam,
id. Fam. 2, 10, 2:consulatum,
Suet. Aug. 10:Galliam,
id. Caes. 22 al.In partic.A.To take a thing by hearing, i. e.,1.To hear, to perceive, to observe, to learn (cf. opp. do = I give in words, i. e. I say): hoc simul accipe dictum, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 204): quod ego inaudivi, accipite, Pac. ap. Non. 126, 22 (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 81): hoc etiam accipe quod dico, Lucil. ap. Non. 240, 1:2.carmen auribus,
Lucr. 4, 983 (so id. 6, 164); 1, 270; cf. Verg. A. 2, 65:voces,
Lucr. 4, 613 (so 6, 171):si te aequo animo ferre accipiet,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 23:quae gerantur, accipies ex Pollione,
Cic. Fam. 1, 6; 1, 9, 4; Liv. 1, 7. —Hence very freq. in the histt., to get or receive intelligence of any thing, to learn:urbem Romam, sicuti ego accepi, condidere atque habuere initio Trojani,
as I have learned, Sall. C. 6, 1, and so al.—To comprehend or understand any thing communicated:3.haud satis meo corde accepi querelas tuas,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 18:et si quis est, qui haec putet arte accipi posse,
Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114:ut non solum celeriter acciperet, quae tradebantur, etc.,
Nep. Att. 1, 3; so Quint. 1, 3, 3; 2, 9, 3 al.—With the accessory idea of judging, to take a thing thus or thus, to interpret or explain, usually constr. with ad or in c. acc.:B.quibus res sunt minus secundae... ad contumeliam omnia accipiunt magis,
the more unfortunate one is, the more inclined is he to regard every thing as an insult, Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 15:in eam partem accipio,
id. Eun. 5, 2, 37; cf. Cic. Fam. 10, 6; id. Att. 16, 6; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 2:non recte accipis,
you put a wrong construction upon this, id. And. 2, 2, 30:quae sibi quisque facilia factu putat, aequo animo accipit,
Sall. C. 3, 2.— Hence: accipere aliquid omen, or in omen, to regard a thing as a ( favorable) omen, to accept the omen (cf. dechesthai ton oiônon), Cic. Div. 1, 46, 103; 2, 40, 83; Liv. 1, 7, 11; 21, 63 fin.; Tac. H. 1, 62; id. A. 1, 28; 2, 13; Flor. 4, 12, 14 al.—Hence poet.:accipio agnoscoque deos,
Verg. A. 12, 260; cf. Ov. M. 7, 620.—To take a thing upon one's self, to undertake (syn. suscipio):C.accipito hanc ad te litem,
Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 23: meā causā causam accipite, Ter. Hec. alt. prol. 47; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 24; so id. Verr. 2, 3, 22; Quint. 20 al.—Hence also,To bear, endure, suffer any thing disagreeable or troublesome:D.hanccine ego ut contumeliam tam insignem ad me accipiam!
Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 1:nil satis firmi video, quamobrem accipere hunc me expediat metum,
id. Heaut. 2, 3, 96; 5, 1, 59; id. Eun. 4, 6, 24; id. Ad. 2, 1, 53; id. Ph. 5, 2, 4; Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 56:calamitatem,
id. Off. 3, 26:injuriam,
id. ib. 1, 11 al.—To accept a thing, to be satisfied with, to approve: dos, Pamphile, est decem talenta; Pam.:E.Accipio,
Ter. And. 5, 4, 48:accepit condicionem, dein quaestum accipit,
id. ib. 1, 1, 52:visa ista... accipio iisque interdum etiam assentior, nec percipio tamen,
Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66:preces suas acceptas ab dis immortalibus ominati,
Liv. 42, 30, 8 Drak. Cf. Herz, Caes. B. G. 5, 1: “equi te esse feri similem, dico.” Ridemus et ipse Messius: “accipio.” I allow it, Exactly so, Hor. S. 1, 5, 58.—In mercant. lang., t. t., to receive or collect a sum:F.pro quo (frumento) cum a Varinio praetore pecuniam accepisset,
Cic. Fl. 45; hence subst.: acceptum, i, n., the receipt, and in account-books the credit side:in acceptum referre alicui,
to carry over to the credit side, to place to one's credit, Cic. Verr. 1, 36, 57; id. Rosc. Com. 2; id. Phil. 2, 16; id. Caec. 6, 17; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 234 (opp. datum or expensum).—Hence also trop., to owe or be indebted to one, in a good or a bad sense:ut esset nemo qui non mihi vitam suam, liberos, remp. referret acceptam,
Cic. Phil. 2, 5:omnia mala, quae postea vidimus, uni accepta referemus Antonio,
ascribe, id. ib. 22; Caes. B. G. 8, 58; id. B. C, 3, 57: Acceptum [p. 18] refero versibus, esse nocens, Ov. Trist. 2, 10. —In the gram m., to take a word or phrase thus or thus, to explain a word in any manner:adversus interdum promiscue accipitur,
Charis. p. 207 P. al.—(Syn. nanciscor and adipiscor: he to whom something is given, accipit; he who gets by a fortunate occurrence, nanciscitur; he who obtains it by exertion, adipiscitur. “ Sumimus ipsi: accipimus ab alio,” Vel. Long. p. 2243 P.—“Inter tenere, sumere et accipere hoc interest, quod tenemus quae sunt in nostra potestate: sumimus posita: accipimus data,” Isid. Diff. 1).—Hence, acceptus, a, um, P. a., welcome, agreeable, acceptable (syn. gratus. Acceptus is related to gratus, as the effect to the cause; he who is gratus, i. e. dear, is on that account acceptus, welcome, acceptable;hence the usual position: gratus atque acceptus).—First, of persons: essetne apud te is servus acceptissimus?
Plaut. Cap. 3, 5, 56:plebi acceptus erat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 13;acceptus erat in oculis,
Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 5.—Of things: dis et hominibus est acceptum quod, etc.,
Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 5:quod vero approbaris. id gratum acceptumque habendum,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:munus eorum gratum acceptumque esse,
Nep. Hann. 7, 3:quorum mihi dona accepta et grata habeo,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 56:rem populo Romano gratam acceptamque,
Cic. Phil. 13, 50;tempore accepto exaudivi,
Vulg. 2 Cor. 6, 2.— Comp., Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 96; Cic. Rep. 6, 13; Tac. A. 6, 45 al.— Sup., see above.— Adv. accepte does not occur. -
24 accipio
ac-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. ( fut. perf. accepso = accepero, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31, or Rib. Trag. Rel. 118) [capio], to accept.I.In gen., to take a person or thing to one's self: leno ad se accipiet hominem et aurum, will take the man and his money to himself (into his house), Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 51.a.Of things received by the hand, to take, receive: cette manus vestras measque accipite, Enn. ap. Non. 85, 1 (Trag. v. 320 ed. Vahl.):b.ex tua accepi manu pateram,
Plaut. Amph. 2, 2, 132; hence, trop. of the word given, the promise, with which a grasping of the hand was usually connected: accipe daque fidem, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 33 ed. Vahl.; so in the Gr. pista dounai kai labein); cf. Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 87; so Verg. A. 8, 150;in Ter. of a person to be protected: hanc (virginem) accepi, acceptam servabo,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 62; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 5, and Sall. C. 6, 5, —Of things received or taken by different parts of the body: accipite hoc onus in vestros collos, Cato ap. Non. 200, 23:c.gremio,
Verg. A. 1, 685:oculis aut pectore noctem (i. e. somnum),
id. ib. 4, 531.—In gen., very freq.,(α). (β).of something that falls to one's share, to get, to receive, to be the recipient of (Gr. lambanein).—(α).To take, accept:(β).hanc epistulam accipe a me,
take this letter from me, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 52; 4, 2, 26; cf. id. Ep. 3, 4, 26:persuasit aliis, ut pecuniam accipere mallent,
Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82:condicionem pacis,
Caes. B. G. 2, 15:armis obsidibusque acceptis Crassus profectus est,
after he had taken into his possession the arms and hostages, id. ib. 3, 23:divitias,
Nep. Epam. 4, 3:aliquid a patre,
to inherit, id. Timoth. 1, 1; id. Att. 1:accipe et haec, manuum tibi quae monumenta mearum sint,
Verg. A. 3, 486 al. —Hence to receive or entertain as guest:haec (tellus) fessos placidissima portu accipit,
Verg. A. 3, 78:Laurentes nymphae, accipite Aenean,
id. ib. 8, 71; 155; Ov. M. 8, 655 al.—Of admittance to political privileges:Nomentani et Pedani in civitatem accepti,
Liv. 8, 14; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 11, 35:magnifice volo summos viros accipere,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 34:in loco festivo sumus festive accepti,
id. ib. 5, 19; so id. Cist. 1, 1, 12; id. Men. 5, 2, 44; id. Pers. 1, 1, 32, etc.; Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 52; Lucr. 3, 907; Cic. Att. 16, 6; Ov. F. 2, 725 al.—Hence also ironically, to entertain, to treat, deal with:ego te miseris jam accipiam modis,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 3:hominem accipiam quibus dictis maeret,
id. Men. 5, 1, 7:indignis acceptus modis,
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 12. Perh. also Lucil. ap. Non. 521, 1: adeo male me accipiunt decimae, treat or use me ill, deal harshly with me; and ib. 240, 8: sic, inquam, veteratorem illum vetulum lupum Hannibalem acceptum (Non. explains the latter in a very unusual manner, by deceptum).—To get, to receive, to be the recipient of, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31; Lucr. 1, 819, 909; 2, 762, 885, 1009:II.ictus,
id. 4, 1048 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 243: vulnera accipiunt tergo): aridior nubes accipit ignem, takes or catches fire, Lucr. 6, 150; Caes. B. G. 1, 48:humanitatem iis tribuere debemus, a quibus accepimus,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9:pecuniam ob rem judicandam,
id. Verr. 1, 38:luna lumen solis accipit,
id. de Or. 3, 45; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 17:praeclarum accepimus a majoribus morem,
Cic. Off. 3, 10, 44: praecepta, Caes. B. G. 2, 6: accepi tuas litteras (in another sense than above), I have received your letter, it has reached me (allatae sunt ad me), Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 14; 2, 1, 1; 10, 1 al.:acceptā injuriā ignoscere quam persequi malebant,
Sall. C. 9, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 33:calamitatem,
ib. 1, 31:detrimenta,
ib. 5, 22; cf. Cic. Mur. 21, 44 al. So often of dignities and offices:provinciam,
id. Fam. 2, 10, 2:consulatum,
Suet. Aug. 10:Galliam,
id. Caes. 22 al.In partic.A.To take a thing by hearing, i. e.,1.To hear, to perceive, to observe, to learn (cf. opp. do = I give in words, i. e. I say): hoc simul accipe dictum, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 204): quod ego inaudivi, accipite, Pac. ap. Non. 126, 22 (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 81): hoc etiam accipe quod dico, Lucil. ap. Non. 240, 1:2.carmen auribus,
Lucr. 4, 983 (so id. 6, 164); 1, 270; cf. Verg. A. 2, 65:voces,
Lucr. 4, 613 (so 6, 171):si te aequo animo ferre accipiet,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 23:quae gerantur, accipies ex Pollione,
Cic. Fam. 1, 6; 1, 9, 4; Liv. 1, 7. —Hence very freq. in the histt., to get or receive intelligence of any thing, to learn:urbem Romam, sicuti ego accepi, condidere atque habuere initio Trojani,
as I have learned, Sall. C. 6, 1, and so al.—To comprehend or understand any thing communicated:3.haud satis meo corde accepi querelas tuas,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 18:et si quis est, qui haec putet arte accipi posse,
Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114:ut non solum celeriter acciperet, quae tradebantur, etc.,
Nep. Att. 1, 3; so Quint. 1, 3, 3; 2, 9, 3 al.—With the accessory idea of judging, to take a thing thus or thus, to interpret or explain, usually constr. with ad or in c. acc.:B.quibus res sunt minus secundae... ad contumeliam omnia accipiunt magis,
the more unfortunate one is, the more inclined is he to regard every thing as an insult, Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 15:in eam partem accipio,
id. Eun. 5, 2, 37; cf. Cic. Fam. 10, 6; id. Att. 16, 6; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 2:non recte accipis,
you put a wrong construction upon this, id. And. 2, 2, 30:quae sibi quisque facilia factu putat, aequo animo accipit,
Sall. C. 3, 2.— Hence: accipere aliquid omen, or in omen, to regard a thing as a ( favorable) omen, to accept the omen (cf. dechesthai ton oiônon), Cic. Div. 1, 46, 103; 2, 40, 83; Liv. 1, 7, 11; 21, 63 fin.; Tac. H. 1, 62; id. A. 1, 28; 2, 13; Flor. 4, 12, 14 al.—Hence poet.:accipio agnoscoque deos,
Verg. A. 12, 260; cf. Ov. M. 7, 620.—To take a thing upon one's self, to undertake (syn. suscipio):C.accipito hanc ad te litem,
Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 23: meā causā causam accipite, Ter. Hec. alt. prol. 47; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 24; so id. Verr. 2, 3, 22; Quint. 20 al.—Hence also,To bear, endure, suffer any thing disagreeable or troublesome:D.hanccine ego ut contumeliam tam insignem ad me accipiam!
Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 1:nil satis firmi video, quamobrem accipere hunc me expediat metum,
id. Heaut. 2, 3, 96; 5, 1, 59; id. Eun. 4, 6, 24; id. Ad. 2, 1, 53; id. Ph. 5, 2, 4; Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 56:calamitatem,
id. Off. 3, 26:injuriam,
id. ib. 1, 11 al.—To accept a thing, to be satisfied with, to approve: dos, Pamphile, est decem talenta; Pam.:E.Accipio,
Ter. And. 5, 4, 48:accepit condicionem, dein quaestum accipit,
id. ib. 1, 1, 52:visa ista... accipio iisque interdum etiam assentior, nec percipio tamen,
Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66:preces suas acceptas ab dis immortalibus ominati,
Liv. 42, 30, 8 Drak. Cf. Herz, Caes. B. G. 5, 1: “equi te esse feri similem, dico.” Ridemus et ipse Messius: “accipio.” I allow it, Exactly so, Hor. S. 1, 5, 58.—In mercant. lang., t. t., to receive or collect a sum:F.pro quo (frumento) cum a Varinio praetore pecuniam accepisset,
Cic. Fl. 45; hence subst.: acceptum, i, n., the receipt, and in account-books the credit side:in acceptum referre alicui,
to carry over to the credit side, to place to one's credit, Cic. Verr. 1, 36, 57; id. Rosc. Com. 2; id. Phil. 2, 16; id. Caec. 6, 17; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 234 (opp. datum or expensum).—Hence also trop., to owe or be indebted to one, in a good or a bad sense:ut esset nemo qui non mihi vitam suam, liberos, remp. referret acceptam,
Cic. Phil. 2, 5:omnia mala, quae postea vidimus, uni accepta referemus Antonio,
ascribe, id. ib. 22; Caes. B. G. 8, 58; id. B. C, 3, 57: Acceptum [p. 18] refero versibus, esse nocens, Ov. Trist. 2, 10. —In the gram m., to take a word or phrase thus or thus, to explain a word in any manner:adversus interdum promiscue accipitur,
Charis. p. 207 P. al.—(Syn. nanciscor and adipiscor: he to whom something is given, accipit; he who gets by a fortunate occurrence, nanciscitur; he who obtains it by exertion, adipiscitur. “ Sumimus ipsi: accipimus ab alio,” Vel. Long. p. 2243 P.—“Inter tenere, sumere et accipere hoc interest, quod tenemus quae sunt in nostra potestate: sumimus posita: accipimus data,” Isid. Diff. 1).—Hence, acceptus, a, um, P. a., welcome, agreeable, acceptable (syn. gratus. Acceptus is related to gratus, as the effect to the cause; he who is gratus, i. e. dear, is on that account acceptus, welcome, acceptable;hence the usual position: gratus atque acceptus).—First, of persons: essetne apud te is servus acceptissimus?
Plaut. Cap. 3, 5, 56:plebi acceptus erat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 13;acceptus erat in oculis,
Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 5.—Of things: dis et hominibus est acceptum quod, etc.,
Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 5:quod vero approbaris. id gratum acceptumque habendum,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:munus eorum gratum acceptumque esse,
Nep. Hann. 7, 3:quorum mihi dona accepta et grata habeo,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 56:rem populo Romano gratam acceptamque,
Cic. Phil. 13, 50;tempore accepto exaudivi,
Vulg. 2 Cor. 6, 2.— Comp., Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 96; Cic. Rep. 6, 13; Tac. A. 6, 45 al.— Sup., see above.— Adv. accepte does not occur. -
25 cauta
căvĕo, cāvi, cautum, (2 d pers. sing. scanned cavĕs, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 19; imper. cavĕ, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 61; id. Capt. 2, 3, 71; id. Most. 1, 4, 13 et saep.: Cat. 50, 19; Hor. S. 2, 3, 38; Prop. 1, 7, 25; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 435; old sup. CAVĬTVM, C. I. L. 1, 200, 6 sq.), 3, v. n. and a. [root SKOF- or KOF-, to be wary; whence Gr. thuoskoos, akouô, etc.; Lat. causa, cura; cf. also Germ. scheuen; Engl. shy], to be on one ' s guard, either for one's self or (more rarely) for another; hence,I.In gen., with and without sibi, to be on one ' s guard, to take care, take heed, beware, guard against, avoid, = phulassomai, and the Fr. se garder, prendre garde, etc.; constr., absol., with ub, and in a course of action with ne or ut (also ellipt. with the simple subj.); or, as in Greek, with acc. (= phulassomai ti); hence also pass. and with inf., and once with cum.A.Absol.:B.qui consulte, docte, atque astute cavet,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 14:faciet, nisi caveo,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 8:ego cavebo,
id. Ad. 4, 2, 12; 1, 1, 45:erunt (molesti) nisi cavetis. Cautum est, inquit,
Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 93; Quint. 8, 3, 47:cum animum attendisset ad cavendum,
Nep. Alcib. 5, 2; Suet. Claud. 37:metues, doctusque cavebis,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 68.—Esp. freq. in the warning cave, look out! be careful! Ter. And. 1, 2, 34; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 51; Hor. C. 1, 14, 16; Ov. M. 2, 89.—With ab and abl.:2.eo mi abs te caveo cautius,
Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 42; id. Ps. 1, 5, 59; 4, 7, 128:si abs te modo uno caveo,
id. Most. 3, 3, 24; Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 44:sibi ab eo,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 87:navis Aps quă cavendum nobis sane censeo,
id. Men. 2, 2, 70:pater a me petiit Ut mihi caverem a Pseudolo servo suo,
id. Ps. 3, 2, 108:a crasso infortunio,
id. Rud. 3, 5, 53:ille Pompeium monebat, ut meam domum metueret, atque a me ipso caveret,
Cic. Sest. 64, 133:caveo ab homine impuro,
id. Phil. 12, 10, 25:a Cassio,
Suet. Calig. 57:a veneno,
Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 64:ab insidiis,
Sall. J. 108, 2:monitum ut sibi ab insidiis Rufini caveret,
App. Mag. 87, p. 329, 16; id. M. 2, p. 117, 3.—With the simple abl.:3.caveo malo,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 39:infortunio,
id. Rud. 3, 5, 48: id. Cas. 2, 6, 59; id. Men. 1, 2, 13; id. Pers. 3, 1, 41:ipsus sibi cavit loco,
i. e. got out of the way, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 12.—With cum (rare):4.Hercle, mihi tecum cavendum est,
with you, I must look out for myself, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 21.—With adversus, Quint. 9, 1, 20. —C.Followed by a final clause.1.With ne, to take heed that... not, to be on one ' s guard lest: qui cavet ne decipiatur, vix cavet;2.cum etiam cavet, etiam cum cavisse ratus est, saepe is cautor captus est,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 5 and 6:caves, ne videat, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 6:ego me scio cavisse, ne ulla merito contumelia Fieri a nobis posset,
id. Hec. 3, 5, 20; Afran. ap. Non. p. 111, 14; Lucr. 4, 1141:cavete, judices, ne nova... proscriptio instaurata esse videatur,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 53, 153; id. Div. 2, 40, 84; id. Fam. 3, 12, 4; 11, 21, 4; Sall. J. 55, 3; Suet. Tib. 37:cave, ne,
Cat. 61, 152; Hor. C. 3, 7, 24; id. S. 2, 3, 177; id. Ep. 1, 6, 32; 1, 13, 19; Ov. M. 2, 89; 10, 685:cave sis, ne,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 215:caveto ne,
Cato, R. R. 5, 6:caveas, ne,
Hor. S. 2, 1, 80:caveant, ne,
id. A. P. 244:cavendum est, ne,
Cic. Off. 1, 39, 140; Quint. 4, 3, 8; 12, 11, 2; Suet. Tib. 67; Quint. 9, 4, 23; 5, 11, 27.—With ut ne (rare):3.quod ut ne accidat cavendum est,
Cic. Lael. 26, 99.—With a simple subj.; so only imper.: cave or cavete (cf. age), beware of, take care not, etc.:4.cave geras,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 79:dixeris,
Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 12:faxis cave,
id. And. 4, 4, 14; id. Heaut. 1, 2, 13; Hor. S. 2, 3, 38:sis,
Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 29:contingas,
Lucr. 2, 755:despuas,
Cat. 50, 19:ignoscas,
Cic. Lig. 5, 14:existimes,
id. Fam. 9, 24, 4:putes,
id. ib. 10, 12, 1 al.—Rarely with 1 st pers.:cave posthac, si me amas, umquam istuc verbum ex te audiam,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 8; cf. id. ib. 5, 4, 9.—With 3 d pers.:resciscat quisquam,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 37:te fratrum misereatur,
Cic. Lig. 5, 14:roget te,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 75:cave quisquam flocci fecerit,
Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 5:armis concurrant arma cavete,
Verg. A. 11, 293.—And like age, cave with a verb in plur.:cave dirumpatis,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 117.—With ut, to take care that:D.cauto opu'st, Ut sobrie hoc agatur,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 29; cf.D. 2, infra: tertium est, ut caveamus, ut ea, quae, etc.,
Cic. Off. 1, 39, 141:quaero quid sit, quod... tam accurate caveat et sanciat, ut heredes sui dent, etc.,
id. Fin. 2, 31, 101:caverat sibi ille adulter omnium ut suorum scelerum socium te adjutoremque praebeas,
id. Pis. 12, 28; Liv. 3, 10, 14; Plin. Pan. 39, 1:cavebitur ut, etc.,
Col. 2, 8, 3; cf. under II. A.—Very rarely with ut omitted, take care to, be sure to (late Lat.):sed heus tu... cave regrediare cenā maturius,
App. M. 2, p. 122, 32; 2, p. 124, [p. 306] 35.—As act.1.With acc. of pers. or thing against which warning is given or beed taken, to guard against, to be aware of, to beware of, etc.:2.profecto quid nunc primum caveam, nescio,
Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 104:tu, quod cavere possis, stultum admittere'st,
Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 23; Lucil. ap. Non. p. 437, 23:caveamus fulminis ictum,
Lucr. 6, 406: cave canem, Varr. ap. Non. p. 153, 1; Inscr. Orell. 4320;v. canis: interventum alicujus,
Cic. Att. 16, 11, 1:omnia,
id. Fam. 11, 21, 4:me,
id. Dom. 11, 28:vallum caecum fossasque,
Caes. B. C. 1, 28:quam sit bellum cavere malum,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:vim atque opes,
Tac. A. 11, 1; cf. Suet. Tib. 72:male praecinctum puerum,
id. Caes. 456:periculum,
id. ib. 81; id. Galb. 19:insidias,
id. Caes. 86; Tac. A. 13, 13:exitum,
Suet. Tib. 83:annum,
id. Ner. 40:maculas,
Hor. A. P. 353:jurgia,
Ov. A. A. 1, 591:hunc tu caveto,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 85:proditorem,
Quint. 7, 1, 30:hoc caverat mens provida Reguli,
had prevented, Hor. C. 3, 5, 13:cave quicquam,
be a little careful, Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 61.—Pass.: quid cavendum tibi censere, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 437, 22:3.cavenda est etiam gloriae cupiditas,
Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68:cetera, quae quidem consilio provideri poterunt, cavebuntur,
id. Att. 10, 16, 2; Quint. 8, 2, 2; 9, 4, 143; 11, 3, 27 (cf. id. 6, 5, 2):in hoc pestifero bello cavendo,
Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 1:quod multis rationibus caveri potest,
id. Off. 2, 24, 84; Sall. J. 67, 2:prius quod cautum oportuit, Postquam comedit rem, post rationem putat,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 14:ego tibi cautum volo,
id. Pers. 3, 1, 41:satis cautum tibi ad defensionem fore,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 35, § 88:quid quisque vitet, nunquam homini satis Cautum est,
Hor. C. 2, 13, 14:id modo simul orant ac monent, ut ipsis ab invidiā caveatur,
Liv. 3, 52, 11; cf.B. 1. supra: cauto opus est,
care must be taken, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 64; id. Most. 4, 2, 21; id. Merc. 2, 3, 133.—With inf.:II.in quibus cave vereri ( = noli),
Cic. Att. 3, 17, 3:caveret id petere a populo Romano, quod, etc.,
Sall. J. 64, 2:caveto laedere,
Cat. 50, 21:occursare capro caveto,
Verg. E. 9, 25:commisisse cavet, quod, etc.,
Hor. A. P. 168:cave Spem festinando praecipitare meam,
Ov. P. 3, 1, 139:ut pedes omnino caveant tinguere,
Plin. 8, 42, 68, § 169.Esp.A.Law t. t., to take care for, provide, order something, legally, or (of private relations) to order, decree, dispose of in writing, by will, to stipulate, etc.:B.cum ita caverent, si, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11, § 31:duae sunt praeterea leges de sepulcris, quarum altera privatorum aedificiis, altera ipsis sepulcris cavet,
id. Leg. 2, 24, 61:cautum est in Scipionis legibus ne plures essent, etc.,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 123:cautum est lege XII. Tab., ut, etc.,
Plin. 16, 5, 6, § 15:cavebatur ut, etc.,
Suet. Aug. 1;so,
id. ib. 65; id. Tib. 75:quae legibus cauta sunt,
Quint. 5, 10, 13:aliā in lege cautum,
Cic. Inv. 2, 41, 119:cautum est de numero,
Suet. Caes. 10; cf. id. Aug. 40:heredi caveri,
Cic. Inv. 2, 41, 120; cf. id. Fam. 7, 6, 2:si hoc, qui testamentum faciebat, cavere noluisset,
id. Leg. 2, 21, 53:testamento cavere ut dies natalis ageretur,
id. Fin. 2, 31, 103; cf. Suet. Aug. 59; id. Dom. 9; id. Tib. 50:sibi se privatim nihil cavere... militibus cavendum, quod apud patres semel plebi, iterum legionibus cautum sit ne fraudi secessio esset,
to make conditions, stipulate, Liv. 7, 41, 2.—In the lang. of business.1.Cavere ab aliquo, to make one ' s self secure, to procure bail or surety:2.tibi ego, Brute, non solvam, nisi prius a te cavero, amplius, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 5, 18; id. Verr. 2, 2, 23, § 55; cf. infra 2.; and cautio, II.—So absol.:quid ita Flavio sibi cavere non venit in mentem,
to take security, Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 35.—To make one secure by bail or surety (either written or oral), to give security, to guarantee (cf. supra 1., and cautio;C.syn.: spondeo, cautionem praesto),
Cic. Clu. 59, 162; cf. id. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 142:pecunia, quam mihi Stichus Titii servus caverat,
Dig. 46, 3, 89:cavere summam,
ib. 29, 2, 97:chirographum,
ib. 46, 3, 89:cautionem,
ib. 46, 8, 6:civitates obsidibus de pecuniā cavent,
Caes. B. G. 6, 2:quoniam de obsidibus inter se cavere non possent,
id. ib. 7, 2; cf. Liv. 9, 42; 24, 2:cavere capite pro re aliquā,
Plin. 34, 7, 17, § 38:jurejurando et chirographo de eā re,
Suet. Calig. 12:cavere in duplum,
id. Aug. 41; Tac. A. 6, 17.—Rarely, cavere personae publicae, to give security before a public authority, Just. Inst. 1, 11, 3.—In boxing, etc., to parry, to ward off a blow:D.adversos ictus cavere ac propulsare,
Quint. 9, 1, 20; 5, 13, 54; cf. id. 9, 4, 8; 4, 2, 26.—Cavere alicui.1.To keep something from one, to protect, have a care for, make safe, take care of (cf.:2.prohibeo, defendo, provideo): scabiem pecori et jumentis caveto,
Cato, R. R. 5, 7:melius ei cavere volo, quam ipse aliis solet,
Cic. Fam. 3, 1, 3:mihi meisque,
id. Top. 1, 4; id. Fam. 7, 6, 2:veterani, quibus hic ordo diligentissime caverat,
id. Phil. 1, 2, 6; cf.: qui in Oratore tuo caves tibi per Brutum, Caes. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 4:quique aliis cavit, non cavet ipsi sibi,
Ov. A. A. 1, 84:securitati,
Suet. Tit. 6:concordiae publicae,
Vell. 2, 48, 5; Petr. 133; Sil. 8, 493.—Affirmatively, to take care for, attend to a thing for a person, provide: Ba. Haec ita me orat sibi qui caveat aliquem ut hominem reperiam... Id, amabo te, huic caveas. Pi. Quid isti caveam? Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 8; 1, 1, 10; cf. I. C. 3. supra.—Hence, cautus, a, um, P. a.A.Neutr., careful, circumspect, wary, cautious, provident (syn.: providus, prudens;b.class. in prose and poetry): ut cautus est, ubi nihil opu'st,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 5, 3:parum cauti providique,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 117:cauti in periculis,
id. Agr. 1, 9, 27:in scribendo,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 3:in credendo,
id. Att. 10, 9, 3:in verbis serendis,
Hor. A. P. 46:mensor,
Ov. M. 1, 136:mariti,
id. ib. 9, 751:lupus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 50:vulpes,
id. ib. 1, 1, 73 et saep.:quem certi homines monuerunt, ut cautior esset,
Cic. Sest. 18, 41:dubium cautior an audentior,
Suet. Caes. 58.—Constr. with ad:ad praesentius malum cautiores,
Liv. 24, 32, 3; Tib. 1, 9, 46; Quint. 6, 1, 20. —With adversus:parum cautus adversus colloquii fraudem,
Liv. 38, 25, 7.—With erga:erga bona sua satis cautus,
Curt. 10, 1, 40.—With contra:contra quam (fortunam) non satis cauta mortalitas est,
Curt. 8, 4, 24.—With inf.:cautum dignos assumere,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 51.—With gen.:rei divinae,
Macr. S. 1, 15.—Transf. to inanimate things:B.consilium,
Cic. Phil. 13, 3, 6; Tac. A. 11, 29:cautissima senectus,
id. H. 2, 76:pectus,
Prop. 3 (4), 5, 8:manus,
Ov. F. 2, 336:terga,
id. Tr. 1, 9, 20:arma,
Sil. 14, 188:timor,
Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 65.— Subst.: cauta, ōrum, n.:legum,
the provisions, Cassiod. Var. 5, 14.—Pass. (acc. to I. B. 1., and II. B.), made safe, secured:2.cautos nominibus rectis expendere nummos,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 105:cautus ab incursu belli,
Luc. 4, 409: quo mulieri esset res cautior ( that her property might be made more secure), curavit, ut, etc., Cic. Caecin. 4, 11.—Trop., safe, secure (rare):1.in eam partem peccare, quae est cautior,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 20, 56:(civitates) murorum firmitate cautissimae,
Amm. 14, 8, 13.— Adv.: cau-tē.(Acc. to caveo, I. A.) Cautiously:2.caute et cogitate rem tractare,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 46:pedetentimque dicere,
Cic. Clu. 42, 118:et cum judicio,
Quint. 10, 2, 3 et saep. — Comp., Cic. Deiot. 6, 18; Quint. 2, 15, 21; 9, 2, 76; Hor. C. 1, 8, 10 al.— Sup., Cic. Att. 15, 26, 3.—(Acc. to caveo, I. B. 1.) With security, cautiously, Cic. Leg. 2, 21, 53:aliter nec caute nec jure fieri potest,
id. Att. 15, 17, 1. -
26 caveo
căvĕo, cāvi, cautum, (2 d pers. sing. scanned cavĕs, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 19; imper. cavĕ, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 61; id. Capt. 2, 3, 71; id. Most. 1, 4, 13 et saep.: Cat. 50, 19; Hor. S. 2, 3, 38; Prop. 1, 7, 25; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 435; old sup. CAVĬTVM, C. I. L. 1, 200, 6 sq.), 3, v. n. and a. [root SKOF- or KOF-, to be wary; whence Gr. thuoskoos, akouô, etc.; Lat. causa, cura; cf. also Germ. scheuen; Engl. shy], to be on one ' s guard, either for one's self or (more rarely) for another; hence,I.In gen., with and without sibi, to be on one ' s guard, to take care, take heed, beware, guard against, avoid, = phulassomai, and the Fr. se garder, prendre garde, etc.; constr., absol., with ub, and in a course of action with ne or ut (also ellipt. with the simple subj.); or, as in Greek, with acc. (= phulassomai ti); hence also pass. and with inf., and once with cum.A.Absol.:B.qui consulte, docte, atque astute cavet,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 14:faciet, nisi caveo,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 8:ego cavebo,
id. Ad. 4, 2, 12; 1, 1, 45:erunt (molesti) nisi cavetis. Cautum est, inquit,
Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 93; Quint. 8, 3, 47:cum animum attendisset ad cavendum,
Nep. Alcib. 5, 2; Suet. Claud. 37:metues, doctusque cavebis,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 68.—Esp. freq. in the warning cave, look out! be careful! Ter. And. 1, 2, 34; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 51; Hor. C. 1, 14, 16; Ov. M. 2, 89.—With ab and abl.:2.eo mi abs te caveo cautius,
Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 42; id. Ps. 1, 5, 59; 4, 7, 128:si abs te modo uno caveo,
id. Most. 3, 3, 24; Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 44:sibi ab eo,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 87:navis Aps quă cavendum nobis sane censeo,
id. Men. 2, 2, 70:pater a me petiit Ut mihi caverem a Pseudolo servo suo,
id. Ps. 3, 2, 108:a crasso infortunio,
id. Rud. 3, 5, 53:ille Pompeium monebat, ut meam domum metueret, atque a me ipso caveret,
Cic. Sest. 64, 133:caveo ab homine impuro,
id. Phil. 12, 10, 25:a Cassio,
Suet. Calig. 57:a veneno,
Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 64:ab insidiis,
Sall. J. 108, 2:monitum ut sibi ab insidiis Rufini caveret,
App. Mag. 87, p. 329, 16; id. M. 2, p. 117, 3.—With the simple abl.:3.caveo malo,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 39:infortunio,
id. Rud. 3, 5, 48: id. Cas. 2, 6, 59; id. Men. 1, 2, 13; id. Pers. 3, 1, 41:ipsus sibi cavit loco,
i. e. got out of the way, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 12.—With cum (rare):4.Hercle, mihi tecum cavendum est,
with you, I must look out for myself, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 21.—With adversus, Quint. 9, 1, 20. —C.Followed by a final clause.1.With ne, to take heed that... not, to be on one ' s guard lest: qui cavet ne decipiatur, vix cavet;2.cum etiam cavet, etiam cum cavisse ratus est, saepe is cautor captus est,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 5 and 6:caves, ne videat, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 6:ego me scio cavisse, ne ulla merito contumelia Fieri a nobis posset,
id. Hec. 3, 5, 20; Afran. ap. Non. p. 111, 14; Lucr. 4, 1141:cavete, judices, ne nova... proscriptio instaurata esse videatur,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 53, 153; id. Div. 2, 40, 84; id. Fam. 3, 12, 4; 11, 21, 4; Sall. J. 55, 3; Suet. Tib. 37:cave, ne,
Cat. 61, 152; Hor. C. 3, 7, 24; id. S. 2, 3, 177; id. Ep. 1, 6, 32; 1, 13, 19; Ov. M. 2, 89; 10, 685:cave sis, ne,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 215:caveto ne,
Cato, R. R. 5, 6:caveas, ne,
Hor. S. 2, 1, 80:caveant, ne,
id. A. P. 244:cavendum est, ne,
Cic. Off. 1, 39, 140; Quint. 4, 3, 8; 12, 11, 2; Suet. Tib. 67; Quint. 9, 4, 23; 5, 11, 27.—With ut ne (rare):3.quod ut ne accidat cavendum est,
Cic. Lael. 26, 99.—With a simple subj.; so only imper.: cave or cavete (cf. age), beware of, take care not, etc.:4.cave geras,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 79:dixeris,
Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 12:faxis cave,
id. And. 4, 4, 14; id. Heaut. 1, 2, 13; Hor. S. 2, 3, 38:sis,
Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 29:contingas,
Lucr. 2, 755:despuas,
Cat. 50, 19:ignoscas,
Cic. Lig. 5, 14:existimes,
id. Fam. 9, 24, 4:putes,
id. ib. 10, 12, 1 al.—Rarely with 1 st pers.:cave posthac, si me amas, umquam istuc verbum ex te audiam,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 8; cf. id. ib. 5, 4, 9.—With 3 d pers.:resciscat quisquam,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 37:te fratrum misereatur,
Cic. Lig. 5, 14:roget te,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 75:cave quisquam flocci fecerit,
Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 5:armis concurrant arma cavete,
Verg. A. 11, 293.—And like age, cave with a verb in plur.:cave dirumpatis,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 117.—With ut, to take care that:D.cauto opu'st, Ut sobrie hoc agatur,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 29; cf.D. 2, infra: tertium est, ut caveamus, ut ea, quae, etc.,
Cic. Off. 1, 39, 141:quaero quid sit, quod... tam accurate caveat et sanciat, ut heredes sui dent, etc.,
id. Fin. 2, 31, 101:caverat sibi ille adulter omnium ut suorum scelerum socium te adjutoremque praebeas,
id. Pis. 12, 28; Liv. 3, 10, 14; Plin. Pan. 39, 1:cavebitur ut, etc.,
Col. 2, 8, 3; cf. under II. A.—Very rarely with ut omitted, take care to, be sure to (late Lat.):sed heus tu... cave regrediare cenā maturius,
App. M. 2, p. 122, 32; 2, p. 124, [p. 306] 35.—As act.1.With acc. of pers. or thing against which warning is given or beed taken, to guard against, to be aware of, to beware of, etc.:2.profecto quid nunc primum caveam, nescio,
Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 104:tu, quod cavere possis, stultum admittere'st,
Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 23; Lucil. ap. Non. p. 437, 23:caveamus fulminis ictum,
Lucr. 6, 406: cave canem, Varr. ap. Non. p. 153, 1; Inscr. Orell. 4320;v. canis: interventum alicujus,
Cic. Att. 16, 11, 1:omnia,
id. Fam. 11, 21, 4:me,
id. Dom. 11, 28:vallum caecum fossasque,
Caes. B. C. 1, 28:quam sit bellum cavere malum,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:vim atque opes,
Tac. A. 11, 1; cf. Suet. Tib. 72:male praecinctum puerum,
id. Caes. 456:periculum,
id. ib. 81; id. Galb. 19:insidias,
id. Caes. 86; Tac. A. 13, 13:exitum,
Suet. Tib. 83:annum,
id. Ner. 40:maculas,
Hor. A. P. 353:jurgia,
Ov. A. A. 1, 591:hunc tu caveto,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 85:proditorem,
Quint. 7, 1, 30:hoc caverat mens provida Reguli,
had prevented, Hor. C. 3, 5, 13:cave quicquam,
be a little careful, Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 61.—Pass.: quid cavendum tibi censere, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 437, 22:3.cavenda est etiam gloriae cupiditas,
Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68:cetera, quae quidem consilio provideri poterunt, cavebuntur,
id. Att. 10, 16, 2; Quint. 8, 2, 2; 9, 4, 143; 11, 3, 27 (cf. id. 6, 5, 2):in hoc pestifero bello cavendo,
Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 1:quod multis rationibus caveri potest,
id. Off. 2, 24, 84; Sall. J. 67, 2:prius quod cautum oportuit, Postquam comedit rem, post rationem putat,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 14:ego tibi cautum volo,
id. Pers. 3, 1, 41:satis cautum tibi ad defensionem fore,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 35, § 88:quid quisque vitet, nunquam homini satis Cautum est,
Hor. C. 2, 13, 14:id modo simul orant ac monent, ut ipsis ab invidiā caveatur,
Liv. 3, 52, 11; cf.B. 1. supra: cauto opus est,
care must be taken, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 64; id. Most. 4, 2, 21; id. Merc. 2, 3, 133.—With inf.:II.in quibus cave vereri ( = noli),
Cic. Att. 3, 17, 3:caveret id petere a populo Romano, quod, etc.,
Sall. J. 64, 2:caveto laedere,
Cat. 50, 21:occursare capro caveto,
Verg. E. 9, 25:commisisse cavet, quod, etc.,
Hor. A. P. 168:cave Spem festinando praecipitare meam,
Ov. P. 3, 1, 139:ut pedes omnino caveant tinguere,
Plin. 8, 42, 68, § 169.Esp.A.Law t. t., to take care for, provide, order something, legally, or (of private relations) to order, decree, dispose of in writing, by will, to stipulate, etc.:B.cum ita caverent, si, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11, § 31:duae sunt praeterea leges de sepulcris, quarum altera privatorum aedificiis, altera ipsis sepulcris cavet,
id. Leg. 2, 24, 61:cautum est in Scipionis legibus ne plures essent, etc.,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 123:cautum est lege XII. Tab., ut, etc.,
Plin. 16, 5, 6, § 15:cavebatur ut, etc.,
Suet. Aug. 1;so,
id. ib. 65; id. Tib. 75:quae legibus cauta sunt,
Quint. 5, 10, 13:aliā in lege cautum,
Cic. Inv. 2, 41, 119:cautum est de numero,
Suet. Caes. 10; cf. id. Aug. 40:heredi caveri,
Cic. Inv. 2, 41, 120; cf. id. Fam. 7, 6, 2:si hoc, qui testamentum faciebat, cavere noluisset,
id. Leg. 2, 21, 53:testamento cavere ut dies natalis ageretur,
id. Fin. 2, 31, 103; cf. Suet. Aug. 59; id. Dom. 9; id. Tib. 50:sibi se privatim nihil cavere... militibus cavendum, quod apud patres semel plebi, iterum legionibus cautum sit ne fraudi secessio esset,
to make conditions, stipulate, Liv. 7, 41, 2.—In the lang. of business.1.Cavere ab aliquo, to make one ' s self secure, to procure bail or surety:2.tibi ego, Brute, non solvam, nisi prius a te cavero, amplius, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 5, 18; id. Verr. 2, 2, 23, § 55; cf. infra 2.; and cautio, II.—So absol.:quid ita Flavio sibi cavere non venit in mentem,
to take security, Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 35.—To make one secure by bail or surety (either written or oral), to give security, to guarantee (cf. supra 1., and cautio;C.syn.: spondeo, cautionem praesto),
Cic. Clu. 59, 162; cf. id. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 142:pecunia, quam mihi Stichus Titii servus caverat,
Dig. 46, 3, 89:cavere summam,
ib. 29, 2, 97:chirographum,
ib. 46, 3, 89:cautionem,
ib. 46, 8, 6:civitates obsidibus de pecuniā cavent,
Caes. B. G. 6, 2:quoniam de obsidibus inter se cavere non possent,
id. ib. 7, 2; cf. Liv. 9, 42; 24, 2:cavere capite pro re aliquā,
Plin. 34, 7, 17, § 38:jurejurando et chirographo de eā re,
Suet. Calig. 12:cavere in duplum,
id. Aug. 41; Tac. A. 6, 17.—Rarely, cavere personae publicae, to give security before a public authority, Just. Inst. 1, 11, 3.—In boxing, etc., to parry, to ward off a blow:D.adversos ictus cavere ac propulsare,
Quint. 9, 1, 20; 5, 13, 54; cf. id. 9, 4, 8; 4, 2, 26.—Cavere alicui.1.To keep something from one, to protect, have a care for, make safe, take care of (cf.:2.prohibeo, defendo, provideo): scabiem pecori et jumentis caveto,
Cato, R. R. 5, 7:melius ei cavere volo, quam ipse aliis solet,
Cic. Fam. 3, 1, 3:mihi meisque,
id. Top. 1, 4; id. Fam. 7, 6, 2:veterani, quibus hic ordo diligentissime caverat,
id. Phil. 1, 2, 6; cf.: qui in Oratore tuo caves tibi per Brutum, Caes. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 4:quique aliis cavit, non cavet ipsi sibi,
Ov. A. A. 1, 84:securitati,
Suet. Tit. 6:concordiae publicae,
Vell. 2, 48, 5; Petr. 133; Sil. 8, 493.—Affirmatively, to take care for, attend to a thing for a person, provide: Ba. Haec ita me orat sibi qui caveat aliquem ut hominem reperiam... Id, amabo te, huic caveas. Pi. Quid isti caveam? Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 8; 1, 1, 10; cf. I. C. 3. supra.—Hence, cautus, a, um, P. a.A.Neutr., careful, circumspect, wary, cautious, provident (syn.: providus, prudens;b.class. in prose and poetry): ut cautus est, ubi nihil opu'st,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 5, 3:parum cauti providique,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 117:cauti in periculis,
id. Agr. 1, 9, 27:in scribendo,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 3:in credendo,
id. Att. 10, 9, 3:in verbis serendis,
Hor. A. P. 46:mensor,
Ov. M. 1, 136:mariti,
id. ib. 9, 751:lupus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 50:vulpes,
id. ib. 1, 1, 73 et saep.:quem certi homines monuerunt, ut cautior esset,
Cic. Sest. 18, 41:dubium cautior an audentior,
Suet. Caes. 58.—Constr. with ad:ad praesentius malum cautiores,
Liv. 24, 32, 3; Tib. 1, 9, 46; Quint. 6, 1, 20. —With adversus:parum cautus adversus colloquii fraudem,
Liv. 38, 25, 7.—With erga:erga bona sua satis cautus,
Curt. 10, 1, 40.—With contra:contra quam (fortunam) non satis cauta mortalitas est,
Curt. 8, 4, 24.—With inf.:cautum dignos assumere,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 51.—With gen.:rei divinae,
Macr. S. 1, 15.—Transf. to inanimate things:B.consilium,
Cic. Phil. 13, 3, 6; Tac. A. 11, 29:cautissima senectus,
id. H. 2, 76:pectus,
Prop. 3 (4), 5, 8:manus,
Ov. F. 2, 336:terga,
id. Tr. 1, 9, 20:arma,
Sil. 14, 188:timor,
Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 65.— Subst.: cauta, ōrum, n.:legum,
the provisions, Cassiod. Var. 5, 14.—Pass. (acc. to I. B. 1., and II. B.), made safe, secured:2.cautos nominibus rectis expendere nummos,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 105:cautus ab incursu belli,
Luc. 4, 409: quo mulieri esset res cautior ( that her property might be made more secure), curavit, ut, etc., Cic. Caecin. 4, 11.—Trop., safe, secure (rare):1.in eam partem peccare, quae est cautior,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 20, 56:(civitates) murorum firmitate cautissimae,
Amm. 14, 8, 13.— Adv.: cau-tē.(Acc. to caveo, I. A.) Cautiously:2.caute et cogitate rem tractare,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 46:pedetentimque dicere,
Cic. Clu. 42, 118:et cum judicio,
Quint. 10, 2, 3 et saep. — Comp., Cic. Deiot. 6, 18; Quint. 2, 15, 21; 9, 2, 76; Hor. C. 1, 8, 10 al.— Sup., Cic. Att. 15, 26, 3.—(Acc. to caveo, I. B. 1.) With security, cautiously, Cic. Leg. 2, 21, 53:aliter nec caute nec jure fieri potest,
id. Att. 15, 17, 1. -
27 auferō
auferō abstulī, ablātus, auferre [ab + fero], to take away, bear off, carry off, withdraw, remove: istaec intro, T.: e proelio auferri: multa domum suam: liberi per delectūs auferuntur, Ta.: caput domino, V.: Ille sibi ablatus, robbed of his own form, O.: illi vertice crinem, taken from her head, V.: auferri e conspectu, to disappear, L. — Of waves, wind, etc., to carry away, waft, bear, whirl: alquem ad scopulum e tranquillo, T.: auferor in scopulos, O.: in silvam pennis ablata, V. — To carry off, snatch away, rob, steal: a nobis hoc, T.: ab hoc abaci vasa omnia: pecuniam de aerario. —To sweep away, destroy, kill, slay: abstulit mors Achillem, H.: quidquid mors aufert, L.: alqd Mulciber abstulerat, had consumed, O. — Fig., to carry off, gain, obtain, get, receive: inultum numquam id auferet, T.: paucos dies ab aliquo: ut in foro statuerent (statuas), abstulisti, i. e. have prevailed. — To carry away, learn, understand: hoc non ex priore actione, posse, etc.—To get off, escape: haud sic auferent, T.—To take away, snatch away, remove: hi ludi dies quindecim auferent, take up: imperium indignis, from the unworthy, L.: conspectum eius contioni, deprives, L.: vitam senibus: spem: fervorem, L.: metūs, V.: somnos, H.: me velut de spatio, from my subject, L.: fortassis et istinc abstulerit aetas, will free me from them, H.: pollicitationes aufer, away with, T.: aufer Me voltu terrere, desist, H.* * *Iauferre, abstuli, ablatus V TRANSbear/carry/take/fetch/sweep/snatch away/off, remove, withdraw; steal, obtainIIauferre, apstuli, ablatus V TRANSbear/carry/take/fetch/sweep/snatch away/off, remove, withdraw; steal, obtain -
28 suscipio
suscĭpĭo (sometimes succĭpĭo; cf. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 175 and 144; Vel. Long. p. 2226 P.), cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. [sus, a contraction of subs, for sub; v. sub fin., and capio], qs. to take hold of in order to support, i. e. to take or catch up, to take upon one.I. A.Lit.:B.quid loquar lapideas moles, quibus porticus suscipimus,
Sen. Ep. 90, 26:theatrum fulturis ab substructionibus,
Plin. Ep. 10, 38, 2:latera puteorum structurā,
Pall. Aug. 9, 2:labentem domum,
Sen. Ben. 6, 15, 5: balnea suscepta crepidine, supported, resting on, etc., Stat. S. 1, 3, 43:habenas,
Sen. Troad. 728.—Trop.1.To support, defend:2.famam defuncti pudoremque,
Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:qui temere nocentis reos susciperet,
Quint. 11, 1, 74:cum periculo suscepti litigatoris,
id. 2, 12, 4. —To take upon one, undertake, assume, begin, incur, enter upon (esp. when done voluntarily and as a favor; recipio, when done as a duty or under an obligation).(α).Of actions, obligations, etc. (class. and freq.):(β).aut inimicitias aut laborem aut sumptus suscipere nolunt,
Cic. Off. 1, 9, 28:inimicitias,
Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 34; Nep. Pelop. 1, 3; cf. Cic. Lael. 21, 77:personā susceptā viri boni,
id. Clu. 36, 101:honestam rem actionemve,
id. Lael. 13, 47:bellum,
id. Leg. 2, 14, 34; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35; id. Off. 1, 11, 35; Caes. B. G. 1, 16; 7, 37 al.:rei publicae partem,
Cic. Rep. 1, 6, 10; id. Mil. 15, 40:causam populi,
id. Rep. 4, 8, 27:patrocinium improbitatis, etc.,
id. ib. 3, 5, 8; id. de Or. 3, 17, 63:negotium,
id. Cat. 3, 2, 5:iter Asiaticum,
id. Att. 4, 15, 2:omnia alter pro altero suscipiet,
id. Lael. 22, 82:aes alienum amicorum,
id. Off. 2, 16, 56:cum inaudita ac nefaria sacra susceperis,
id. Vatin. 6, 14: porcam praecidaneam, Varr. ap. Non. 163, 21:pulvinar,
Liv. 5, 52, 6:prodigia (with curare),
id. 1, 20:votum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 75; Liv. 27, 45, 8; Ov. F. 6, 246:disputationem de re publicā,
Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12; cf. id. Off. 1, 2, 7:nec enim hoc suscepi, ut, etc., tamquam magister persequerer omnia,
id. Rep. 1, 24, 38:permagnum quiddam,
id. de Or. 1, 22, 103:quae si suscipiamus,
undertake to prove, id. Div. 2, 40, 84; so with obj.-clause:qui suscipiant, posse animum manere corpore vacantem, etc.,
id. Tusc. 1, 32, 78.— Rarely with dat. of reflex. pron.:legationem ad civitates sibi,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3; cf.:tantum sibi auctoritatis in re publicā suscepit, ut, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 58, § 152:mihi auctoritatem patriam severitatemque suscipio,
id. Cael. 16, 37.—Of feelings, experiences, etc., to undergo, submit to, bear, accept:II. A.morbos durumque dolorem,
Lucr. 3, 460; so,dolorem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 46, 111:dolorem gemitumque,
id. Vatin. 8, 19:invidiam atque offensionem apud populos,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 55, § 137:odium,
id. Att. 6, 1, 25:molestiam,
id. Caecin. 6, 17.—With in and acc.:miserius qui suscipit in se scelus quam si qui alterius facinus subire cogitur,
i. e. wilfully incurs guilt, Cic. Phil. 11, 4, 9; cf.:si esset inventus, qui in se suscipere istius culpam crimenque cuperet,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 42, § 91:negotiatoribus Claudius certa lucra proposuit, suscepto in se damno, si cui, etc.,
Suet. Claud. 18. —In gen. (so only poet. and in post-Aug. prose):B.sol aeternam suscepit lampada mundi,
to catch up, Lucr. 5, 402:dominam ruentem,
Verg. A. 11, 806:suscipiunt famulae,
id. ib. 4, 391:cruorem pateris,
id. ib. 6, 249; cf.:cava suscepto flumine palma sat est,
Prop. 4 (5), 9, 36 (al. succepto):ignem foliis,
Verg. A. 1, 175. —In partic.1.To take up a new-born child from the ground; hence, to acknowledge, recognize, bring up as one ' s own (class.; cf.b.tollo): simul atque editi in lucem et suscepti sumus,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 1, 2:puerum,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 27:haec ad te die natali meo scripsi, quo utinam susceptus non essem!
Cic. Att. 11, 9, 3.—In gen., to get, beget, or bear children:2.filia, quam ex te suscepi,
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 34: filiam ex uxore, Ter. Phorm. 5, 7 (8), 50:liberos ex libertini filiā,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 17; cf. Ter. Phorm. 5, 7 (8), 74:inde filiam,
id. ib. 5, 8 (9), 18:susceperas liberos non solum tibi, sed etiam patriae,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161:si qua mihi de te suscepta fuisset Ante fugam suboles,
Verg. A. 4, 327; Vulg. Judic. 11, 2.—To take, receive, as a citizen, under one's protection, as a pupil, etc. (rare but class.):3. C.Cato cum esset Tusculi natus, in populi Romani civitatem susceptus est,
Cic. Leg. 2, 2, 5: suscipe me totum, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 9, 1:suscepi candidatum,
Plin. Ep. 6, 6, 9:susceptos a se discipulos,
Quint. 2, 5, 1; 11, 1, 55:pancratiasten docendum,
id. 2, 8, 13:aliquos erudiendos,
id. 2, 8, 1.—Trop.:2.suscepit vita hominum consuetudoque communis, ut, etc.,
has allowed, admitted, Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62.—To take up, resume, continue a speech, answer:suscipit Stolo: Tu, inquit, invides, etc.,
Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 24; cf.:ad quod... sermonem suscipit Polus,
Quint. 2, 15, 28; Verg. A. 6, 723; App. M. 4, p. 150, 8; 9, p. 227, 12. —Hence, P. a. as subst.: susceptum, i, n., an undertaking:susceptaque magna labore Crescere difficili,
Ov. M. 11, 200. -
29 aufero
aufĕro, abstŭli, ablātum, auferre, v. a. [ab-fero; cf. ab init. ], to take or bear off or away, to carry off, withdraw, remove (very freq. in prose and poetry; syn.: tollo, fero, rapio, eripio, diripio, adimo, averto).I.In gen.A.1.. Lit.:2.ab januā stercus,
Plaut. As. 2, 4, 18:dona,
id. Am. prol. 139:aurum atque ornamenta abs te,
id. Mil. 4, 1, 36:abstulit eos a conspectu,
Vulg. 4 Reg. 17, 18:auferas me de terrā hac,
ib. Gen. 47, 30:vos istaec intro auferte,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 1:Auferte ista hinc,
Vulg. Joan. 2, 16:aether multos secum levis abstulit ignīs,
Lucr. 5, 459; 3, 230; 3, 439; 3, 717; 5, 205; 5, 725; 6, 622; Turp. ap. Non. p. 422, 21:multa domum suam auferebat,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 8 fin.:liberi per delectus alibi servituri auferuntur (a Romanis),
are carried away, Tac. Agr. 31:quem vi abstulerant servi,
Vulg. Gen. 21, 25.—So of sick persons, or those unable to walk:auferere, non abibis, si ego fustem sumpsero,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 202 (cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 298:lumbifragium hinc auferes): asoti, qui in mensam vomant et qui de conviviis auferantur,
Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23. —Auferre se, in colloquial lang., to remove one ' s self, to withdraw, retire, go away:Te, obsecro hercle, aufer modo,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 93:aufer te domum,
id. As. 2, 4, 63.—Of bodies that are borne away by wings, by the winds, waves, or any other quick motion, to bear or carry away, sweep away, etc. (mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose):B.aliquem ad scopulum e tranquillo auferre,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 8:unda rates,
Prop. 1, 8, 14:auferor in scopulos,
Ov. M. 9, 593:auferet,
id. ib. 15, 292 al.:in silvam pennis ablata refugit,
Verg. A. 3, 258; 11, 867:ne te citus auferat axis,
Ov. M. 2, 75:vento secundo vehementi satis profecti celeriter e conspectu terrae ablati sunt,
Liv. 29, 27:(Bubo) volat numquam quo libuit, sed transversus aufertur,
Plin. 10, 12, 16, § 35:(milites) pavore fugientium auferebantur,
Tac. A. 4, 73.—Trop., to carry away, mislead:II.te hortor, ut omnia gubernes prudentiā tuā, ne te auferant aliorum consilia,
Cic. Fam. 2, 7:abstulerunt me velut de spatio Graecae res immixtae Romanis,
i. e. have diverted, withdrawn me, from the subject, Liv. 35, 40:quae contemplatio aufert nos ad ipsorum animalium naturas,
Plin. 27, 13, 120, § 145:auferre aliquem traversum,
id. 28, 1, 1, § 1 Jan:ab intentione auferendus auditor,
Quint. 4, 5, 6:somnus aufert,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 83:auferimur cultu, i. e. decipimur,
are deceived, duped, Ov. R. Am. 343.—Esp.,A.1.. To take or snatch away; in a good, but more frequently in a bad sense, to take by force, to remove, withdraw, take away violently, rob, steal, etc.:2.aliquid eris,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 8:quod auri, quod argenti, quod ornamentorum in meis urbibus fuit, id mihi tu, C. Verres, eripuisti atque abstulisti,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 5, 19:ab hoc abaci vasa omnia abstuiit,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 16; so,pecuniam de aerario,
id. Att. 7, 21:pecuniam in ventre,
to eat up, to squander, id. de Or. 2, 66, 265:auriculam mordicus,
to bite off, id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 4:vestimentum,
Vulg. Luc. 6, 29:hi ludi dies quindecim auferent,
Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 31:imperium indignis,
Liv. 3, 67:legionem,
Tac. H. 4, 48:consulatum, censuram,
id. ib. 1, 52:auferat omnia irrita oblivio si potest,
Liv. 28, 29:spem, voluntatem defensionis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7:fervorem et audaciam,
Liv. 3, 12:obsequia,
Tac. H. 1, 80:misericordiam,
id. ib. 3, 84:spem veniae,
id. A. 14, 23:studium,
Cat. 68, 19 sq.; and so Hor. C. 3, 12, 5:metus,
to banish, Verg. A. 12, 316:curas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 26:somnos,
id. C. 2, 16, 16; id. Epod. 5, 96:pudorem,
Ov. M. 6, 617:fugam,
to hinder, prevent, Flor. 3, 10, 3 al. —To take off or away, to destroy, consume, kill, slay, etc. (mostly poet. or in the Aug. histt.):3.Tam bellum mihi passerem abstulistis,
Cat. 3, 15:abstulit clarum cita mors Achillem,
Hor. C. 2, 16, 29; so id. Epod. 5, 66; id. S. 1, 9, 31:Auferat hora duos eadem,
Ov. M. 8, 709; 15, 157:Labienum Varumque acies abstulit,
Vell. 2, 55 fin.:Quidquid hinc aut illinc communis Mors belli aufert,
Liv. 7, 8; Flor. 3, 17, 9 al.:Interea quodcumque fuit populabile flammae, Mulciber abstulerat,
had consumed, Ov. M. 9, 263; 14, 575.—Of places, to separate, sever, divide:B.mare septem stadiorum intervallo Europam auferens Asiae,
Plin. 4, 12, 24, § 75:Armenia Euphrate amne aufertur Cappadociae,
id. 6, 9, 9, § 25. —To lay aside some action, manner of speaking, etc.; to cease from, desist from, leave off: proinde istaec tua aufer terricula, Att. ap. Non. p. 227, 31:C.jurgium hinc auferas,
Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 19:aufer nugas,
id. Truc. 4, 4, 8; id. Curc. 2, 1, 30:pollicitationes aufer,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 17: Ge. Id nosmet ipsos facere oportet, Phaedria. Ph. Aufer mi "oportet:" quin tu, quod faciam, impera, id. ib. 1, 4, 45 Ruhnk. (cf. Juv. 6, 170):Aufer abhinc lacrimas,
Lucr. 3, 955:insolentiam,
Phaedr. 3, 6, 8; so absol.: Insanis? Aufer! away! (where nugas may be supplied, as in Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 8), Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 14.—With inf. as object:aufer Me vultu terrere,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 43.—Meton., effect for cause, to corry off ( as the fruit or result of one ' s labor, exertions, errors, etc.), to obtain, get, receive, acquire:Ecquas viginti minas Paritas ut auferas a me?
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 71; 1, 5, 90; id. Curc. 5, 2, 21; id. Ep. 1, 2, 56; 2, 2, 9; id. Most. 4, 1, 32; Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 62:id inultum numquam auferet,
id. And. 3, 5, 4; id. Ad. 3, 4, 8 (cf. id. And. 1, 2, 4): paucos dies ab aliquo, to obtain a few days ' respite, Cic. Quinct. 5, 20:quis umquam ad arbitrum quantum petiit, tantum abstulit?
id. Rosc. Com. 4, 12; so,responsum ab aliquo,
id. de Or. 1, 56, 239:decretum,
id. Att. 16, 16, A:diploma,
id. Fam. 6, 12, 3:praemium,
Suet. Gram. 17. —Also with ut: ut in foro statuerent (statuas), abstulisti, you have carried the point that they etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 59 (so, adsequi, ut, Tac. G. 35).— Trop., to carry away the knowledge of a thing, to learn, understand: quis est in populo Romano, qui hoc non ex priore actione abstulerit? has not learned, does not know, Cic Verr. 2, 1, 8. -
30 recipio
rĕ-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3 ( fut. apoc. recipie, for recipiam, Cato ap. Fest. p. 138 and 236 Müll.; v. dico init.:I. A.recepso, for recepero,
Cat. 44, 19), v. a. [capio].Lit. (very freq. and class.):b.dandis recipiendisque meritis,
Cic. Lael. 8, 26:tu me sequere ad trapezitam... recipe actutum,
Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 49 (just before, ni argentum refers); cf.:centum talenta et credidisse eos constat, et non recepisse,
Quint. 5, 10, 111; and (opp. mutuum dare) Mart. 3, 40, 4:si velit suos recipere, obsides sibi remittat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 8 fin.:obsides,
Suet. Aug. 21:reges,
Liv. 2, 15:recepto amico,
Hor. C. 2, 7, 27; 4, 2, 47. — Freq. of places, etc., once captured and lost, to retake:cum Tarento amisso... aliquot post annos Maximus id oppidum recepisset... nunquam ego (Tarentum) recepissem, nisi tu perdidisses,
Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 273; cf. id. Sen. 4, 11:Lavinium,
Liv. 2, 39;so of other things: recipere suas res amissas,
Liv. 3, 63:praeda omnis recepta est,
id. 3, 3:signa, quae ademerant Parthi,
Suet. Tib. 9:arma,
Liv. 9, 11; Curt. 4, 12, 17: pectore in adverso totum cui comminus ensem Condidit assurgenti, et multā morte recepit, drew out again, = retraxit, Verg. A. 9, 348; so,sagittam ab alterā parte,
Cels. 7, 5, 2: suos omnes incolumes receperunt (sc. ex oppido in castra), drew off, withdrew, = reduxerunt, Caes. B. G. 7, 12 fin.; so,milites defessos,
id. B. C. 1, 45 fin.:exercitum,
Liv. 10, 42:equitatum navibus ad se intra munitiones,
Caes. B. C. 3, 58:illum ego... medio ex hoste recepi,
bore away, rescued, Verg. A. 6, 111.—With se, to draw back, withdraw from or to any place, to betake one ' s self anywhere; in milit. lang., to retire, retreat:2.se ex eo loco,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 8, 10; cf.:se e fano,
id. Poen. 4, 1, 5:se ex opere,
id. Men. 5, 3, 7:se ex hisce locis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 21:se e Siciliā,
id. Brut. 92, 318:se ex fugā,
Caes. B. G. 7, 20 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 102:se inde,
id. B. G. 5, 15:se hinc,
id. B. C. 1, 45 et saep.:recipe te,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 8:se,
Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45 (just before, reverti); Caes. B. C. 3, 45 (coupled with loco excedere); 3, 46; cf.:sui recipiendi facultas,
id. B. G. 3, 4 fin.; 6, 37;for which: se recipiendi spatium,
Liv. 10, 28:recipe te ad erum,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 20:se ad dominum,
id. ib. 4, 3, 1:se ad nos,
Cic. Att. 4, 15, 2:se ad suos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 46; 7, 82; id. B. C. 3, 38; 3, 50; 3, 52 fin.:se ad Caesarem (Allobroges, legati),
id. B. G. 1, 11; 4, 38:se ad agmen,
id. ib. 7, 13; id. B. C. 3, 75 fin.:se penitus ad extremos fines,
id. B. G. 6, 10:se ad legionem,
id. ib. 7, 50 fin.:se ad oppidum llerdam,
id. B. C. 1, 45:se ad ordines suos,
id. ib. 2, 41:se ad signa,
id. B. G. 5, 34 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 43 fin.:se a pabulo ad stabulum,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 33:inde se in currus,
Caes. B. G. 4, 33 fin.:se ex castris in oppidum,
id. B. C. 2, 35:se in castra,
id. B. G. 2. 11 fin.; 2, 24; 3, 6; 3, 26 fin.;4, 15 et saep.: se in fines,
id. ib. 4, 16:se in Galliam,
id. ib. 4, 19 fin.:se in montem,
id. ib. 1, 25: se in antiquas munitiones, id. B. C. 3, 54 fin.:se in silvas ad suos,
id. B. G. 2, 19:se in castra ad urbem,
id. B. C. 2, 25; 2, 26; cf.:se retro in castra,
Liv. 23, 36;and with this cf.: sese retro in Bruttios,
id. 23, 37;and so, se, with rursus,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 25; id. Pers. 4, 5, 6; id. Rud. 4, 6, 19; Caes. B. G. 5, 34 fin.; id. B. C. 2, 41 et saep.:se in novissimos,
Liv. 7, 40:se intra munitiones,
Caes. B. G. 5, 44; cf.:se intra montes,
id. B. C. 1, 65:se per declive,
id. ib. 3, 51:se sub murum,
id. ib. 2, 14:se trans Rhenum,
id. B. G. 6, 41:se Larissam versus,
id. B. C. 3, 97:se domum ex hostibus,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 52:se domum,
id. ib. 2, 2, 31; id. Capt. 1, 2, 25; id. Aul. 2, 1, 55:se Adrumetum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 23:se Hispalim,
id. ib. 2, 20:se Dyrrhachium ad Pompeium,
id. ib. 3, 9 fin.:se illuc,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 10; id. Merc. 5, 2, 40; id. Ps. 3, 1, 23 al.; cf.:se huc esum ad praesepim suam,
id. Curc. 2, 1, 13:se eo,
Caes. B. G. 1, 25 et saep. — In the same meaning, without se: neque sepulcrum, quo recipiat, habeat portum corporis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 415 Vahl.); cf.of a military retreat: si quo erat longius prodeundum aut celerius recipiendum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 48 fin.; so without se after the verbum finitum several times in Plaut.:rursum in portum recipimus,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 60:dum recipis,
id. Rud. 3, 6, 42:actutum face recipias,
id. Merc. 2, 4, 30. —Transf.(α).In business lang., to keep back, retain, reserve (cf. Gell. 17, 6, 6):(β). B.posticulum hoc recepit, quom aedis vendidit,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 157; so in a sale, Crassus ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 226; Cic. Top. 26, 100; Dig. 19, 1, 53; 8, 4, 10: mulier magnam dotem dat et magnam pecuniam recipit, Cato ap. Gell. 17, 6, 8. — With object-clause, Cato, R. R. 149, 2. — With dat.:aqua, itinere, actu domini usioni recipitur,
Cato, R. R. 149, 2.—Trop., to get back, bring back; to receive again, regain, recover:b.ut antiquam frequentiam recipere vastam ac desertam bellis urbem paterentur,
Liv. 24, 3:jus,
Quint. 5, 10, 118:et totidem, quot dixit, verba recepit,
got back, Ov. M. 3, 384:quam (vitam) postquam recepi,
received again, id. ib. 15, 535: anhelitum, to recover one ' s breath, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 21; id. Merc. 3, 4, 16; cf.spiritum,
Quint. 11, 3, 55:animam,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 26; Quint. 6, prooem. §13: a tanto pavore recipere animos,
Liv. 21, 5, 16 Weissenb.:a pavore animum,
id. 2, 50, 10:e pavore recepto animo,
id. 44, 10, 1;for which: animos ex pavore,
id. 21, 5 fin.:recepto animo,
Curt. 6, 9, 2; 9, 5, 29:animum vultumque,
Ov. F. 4, 615:mente receptā,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 104:(vocem) ab acutissimo sono usque ad gravissimum sonum recipere,
to bring it back, Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251. —In zeugma (cf. I. A. supra): arma et animos,
Curt. 4, 12, 17.—With se.(α).To betake one ' s self, withdraw, retire from or to any place:(β).ad ingenium vetus versutum te recipis tuum,
Plaut. As. 2, 1, 7:ad frugem bonam,
Cic. Cael. 12, 28:ad reliquam cogitationem belli,
Caes. B. C. 3, 17 fin.:se a voluptatibus in otium,
Plin. Pan. 82, 8:se in principem,
to resume his princely air, id. ib. 76, 5.— More freq.,To recover, to collect one ' s self:II.difficulter se recipiunt,
regain strength, Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 17:quae cum intuerer stupens, ut me recepi, Quis hic, inquam, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 18:nullum spatium respirandi recipiendique se dedit,
Liv. 10, 28:se ex terrore ac fugā,
Caes. B. G. 2, 12:se ex timore,
id. ib. 4, 34:se ex fugā,
id. ib. 4, 27:nondum totā me mente recepi,
Ov. M. 5, 275.(Acc. to re, I. b.) To take to one ' s self, admit, accept, receive; constr. with the simple acc., with ad, or in and acc., in and abl., with simple abl., with a local acc.A.Lit.(α).With simple acc.:(β).quos homines quondam Laurentis terra recepit, Enn. ap. Prisc. p 762 P. (Ann. v. 35 Vahl.): (ego) excludor, ille recipitur,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 79:aliquem,
Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48:hic nulla munitio est, quae perterritos recipiat,
Caes. B. G. 6, 39; cf.:hos tutissimus portus recipiebat,
id. B. C. 3, 27; 1, 15; cf. id. ib. 3, 11 fin.;3, 35: eum Jugurtha accuratissime recepit,
Sall. J. 16, 3:neque quisquam aut expulsus invidiosius aut receptus est laetius,
Vell. 2, 45, 3; Quint. 7, 1, 14; 9, 2, 89:nisi nos vicina Trivici Villa recepisset,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 80 [p. 1533] et saep.:quisnam istic fluvius est, quem non recipiat mare?
Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 86; cf. Caes. B. G. 4, 10; and:(Peneus) accipit amnem Orcon nec recipit,
i. e. does not take it to itself, does not mingle with it, Plin. 4, 8, 15, § 31:equus frenum recepit,
received, submitted to, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 36:necesse erat, ab latere aperto tela recipi,
Caes. B. G. 5, 35. —With ad:(γ).recipe me ad te,
Plaut. Cist. 3, 9; id. Am. 3, 2, 11; id. Rud. 2, 3, 20; id. Ps. 3, 6, 6; Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 6; Suet. Caes. 63:aliquem ad epulas,
Cic. Top. 5, 25; cf.:ad lusum,
Suet. Ner. 11. —With in and acc.:(δ).recipe me in tectum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 7, 16:concubinam in aedes,
id. Mil. 4, 3, 3:nos in custodiam tuam,
id. Rud. 3, 3, 34:Tarquinium in civitatem,
Cic. Rep. 2, 20, 35; id. Balb. 13, 31; Liv. 2, 5; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 6:aliquem in ordinem senatorium,
Cic. Phil. 7, 5, 15:aliquem in fidem,
id. Fam. 13, 19, 2; id. Att. 15, 14, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 15; 4, 22:aliquem in civitatem,
Cic. Balb. 12, 29:aliquem in caelum,
id. N. D. 3, 15, 39:aliquem in deditionem,
Caes. B. G. 3, 21 fin.; Liv. 8, 13; Suet. Calig. 14 al.:aliquem in jus dicionemque,
Liv. 21, 61:aliquem in amicitiam,
Sall. J. 14, 5; 5, 4 Kritz N. cr.:aliquam in matrimonium,
Suet. Caes. 50; Just. 9, 5, 9 et saep. —With in and abl. (rare and in purely local relations; v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 5, 4):(ε).aliquem in loco,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 3:loricati in equis recipiuntur, Auct. B. Hisp. 4, 2: sidera in caelo recepta,
Ov. M. 2, 529 (but in Liv. 24, 32, 6, the correct read. is tuto Hexapylo, without in; v. Weissenb. ad h. l.). —With simple abl. (mostly in purely local relations):(ζ).ut tuo recipias tecto servesque nos,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 5, 18; so,aliquem tecto,
Caes. B. G. 7, 66 fin.:exercitum tectis ac sedibus suis,
Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 90:aliquem suis urbibus,
id. Fl. 25, 61:aliquem civitate,
id. Balb. 14, 32:aliquem finibus suis,
Caes. B. G. 6, 6; 7, 20 fin.:aliquem oppido ac portu,
id. B. C. 3, 12; 3, 102 fin.:aliquem moenibus,
Sall. J. 28, 2:Romulus caelo receptus,
Quint. 3, 7, 5:receptus Terra Neptunus,
Hor. A. P. 63 et saep. —With local acc.:(η).me Acheruntem recipere Orcus noluit,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 68:aliquem domum suam,
Cic. Arch. 3, 5; cf.:aliquem domum ad se hospitio,
Caes. B. C. 2, 20.—Absol.:2.plerosque hi, qui receperant, celant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 76.—Transf.a.In business lang., to take in, receive as the proceeds of any thing:b.dena milia sestertia ex melle,
Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 11:pecuniam ex novis vectigalibus,
Cic. Agr. 2, 23, 62:pecunia, quae recipi potest,
id. ib. 2, 18, 47. —In gladiator's lang.: recipe ferrum, receive your death-blow, the cry of the people to a vanquished gladiator whom they were not inclined to spare, Cic. Sest. 37, 80; id. Tusc. 2, 17, 41 Kühn.; Sen. Tranq. 11, 1;c.for which: totum telum corpore,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 12, 33; and:ense recepto,
Luc. 2, 194 Corte.—Milit. t. t., to seize, capture, take possession of, occupy: mittit in Siciliam Curionem pro praetore cum legionibus duo;d.eundem, cum Siciliam recepisset, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 1, 30:Praeneste non vi, sed per deditionem receptum est,
Liv. 6, 29:Aegyptum sine certamine,
Just. 11, 11, 1:eo oppido recepto,
Caes. B. G. 7, 13 fin.:civitatem,
id. ib. 6, 8; 7, 90; id. B. C. 1, 12; 1, 16; 1, 30;3, 16: Aetoliam,
id. ib. 3, 55:rempublicam armis,
Sall. C. 11, 4:Alciden terra recepta vocat,
the subjugated earth, Prop. 5, 9, 38. —In the later medical lang., of medicines, to receive, i. e. be compounded of various ingredients:B.antidotos recipit haec: stoechados, marrubii, etc.,
Scrib. Comp. 106; so id. ib. 27; 28; 37; 52 al. (hence the mod. Lat. receptum, receipt, and recipe).—Trop.1.To take to or upon one ' s self, to assume; to receive, accept, admit, allow, endechomai:(β).non edepol istaec tua dicta nunc in aures recipio,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 34; cf. Quint. 11, 1, 91:jusjurandum,
id. 5, 6, 1; 3; cf. id. 7, 1, 24: in semet ipsum religionem recipere, to draw upon one ' s self, Liv. 10, 40:quae legibus cauta sunt, quae persuasione in mores recepta sunt,
admitted, Quint. 5, 10, 13; cf. id. 10, 7, 15:antiquitas recepit fabulas... haec aetas autem respuit,
Cic. Rep. 2, 10; cf. Quint. 6, 4, 19:nec inconstantiam virtus recipit nec varietatem natura patitur,
Cic. Rep. 3, 11, 18; cf. Vell. 2, 130, 3: non recipit istam Conjunctionem honestas, Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119:assentatio nocere nemini potest, nisi ei, qui eam recipit atque eă delectatur,
id. Lael. 26, 97:timor misericordiam non recipit,
Caes. B. G. 7, 26:casus recipere (res),
to admit, be liable to, id. B. C. 1, 78; so,aliquem casum (res),
id. ib. 3, 51:re jam non ultra recipiente cunctationem,
Liv. 29, 24; Vell. 2, 52, 3:sed hoc distinctionem recipit,
Just. Inst. 1, 12 pr.:si recipiatur poëtica fabulositas,
Plin. 7, 28, 29, § 101:in hoc genere prorsus recipio hanc brevem annotationem,
Quint. 10, 7, 31; cf. id. 8, 3, 31:nos necessarios maxime atque in usum receptos (tropos) exequemur,
id. 8, 6, 2; cf. id. 8, 6, 32; 5, 11, 20; 11, 3, 104; so with a subj.-clause, id. 1, 3, 14; 6, 3, 103; Plin. 28, 2, 5, § 24 al.—Of opinions, etc., to adopt, embrace (late Lat.):2.alicujus sententiam,
Sulp. Sev. Chron. 2, 39, 1:opinionem,
id. Dial. 1, 17, 5.—In partic.a.To take upon one ' s self, undertake, accept the performance of a task consigned or intrusted to one (whereas suscipio denotes, in gen., the voluntary undertaking of any action; cf.:b.spondeo, stipulor, polliceor): recepi causam Siciliae... ego tamen hoc onere suscepto et receptā causā Siciliensi amplexus animo sum aliquanto amplius. Suscepi enim causam totius ordinis, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 1:in hoc judicio mihi Siculorum causam receptam, populi Romani susceptam esse videor,
id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 26; and:in quo est illa magna offensio vel neglegentiae susceptis rebus vel perfidiae receptis,
id. de Or. 2, 24, 101; cf. also Quint. 12, 1, 39:verebamini, ne non id facerem, quod recepissem semel?
Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 9:causam Sex. Roscii,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 1, 2:mandatum,
id. ib. 38, 112:officium,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 71, § 183:curam ad se,
Suet. Tit. 6.—To take an obligation upon one ' s self, to pledge one ' s self, pass one ' s word, be surety for a thing, to warrant, promise, engage a thing to any one, = anadechomai (a favorite word of Cic., esp. in his Epistles): Pe. Tute unus si recipere hoc ad te dicis... Pa. Dico et recipio Ad me, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 74; cf.:c.ad me recipio: Faciet,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 12:promitto in meque recipio, fore eum, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 13, 10, 3; cf.:spondeo in meque recipio eos esse, etc.,
id. ib. 13, 17, 3.—With obj.-clause:promitto, recipio, spondeo, C. Caesarem talem semper fore civem, qualis hodie sit,
Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 51; so with hoc, id. Fam. 13, 50, 2 (with spondeo); 6, 12, 3; 13, 41, 2 (with confirmo); id. Att. 5, 13, 2; Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 4; Liv. 7, 14 Drak.; 33, 13 fin.:pro Cassio et te, si quid me velitis recipere, recipiam,
Cic. Fam. 11, 1, 4. — With de:de aestate polliceris vel potius recipis,
Cic. Att. 13, 1, 2; Liv. 40, 35; cf.also: sed fidem recepisse sibi et ipsum et Appium de me,
had given him a solemn assurance, Cic. Att. 2, 22, 2.— With dat. (after the analogy of promitto, polliceor, spondeo):ea, quae tibi promitto ac recipio,
Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 5; cf.: omnia ei et petenti recepi et ultro pollicitus sum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 1; 7, 1:mihi,
id. ib. 10, 13, 3; Caes. B. C. 3, 82 fin.:quid sibi is de me recepisset, in memoriam redegit,
Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 9.—With dat. and obj.-clause:mihi in Cumano diligentissime se, ut annui essemus, defensurum receperat,
Cic. Att. 5, 17, 5;so,
id. Fam. 6, 12, 3 Manut. (with confirmare); 13, 72, 1; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; Caes. B. C. 3, 17; Suet. Caes. 23 fin. —In jurid. lang.: recipere nomen, of the prætor, to receive or entertain a charge against one, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 94; 2, 2, 42, § 102; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 2; Val. Max. 3, 7, 9;A.for which: recipere reum,
Tac. A. 2, 74 fin.; 4, 21:aliquem inter reos,
id. ib. 3, 70; 13, 10. —Hence,rĕceptus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to II. B. 1.), received, usual, current, customary (post-class. and very rare):B.auctoritas receptior,
Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 5: scriptores receptissimi, Sol. praef.—rĕceptum, i, n. subst. (acc. to II. B. 2. b.), an engagement, obligation, guaranty:satis est factum Siculis, satis promisso nostro ac recepto,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 53, § 139; cf.:promissum et receptum intervertit,
id. Phil. 2, 32, 79. -
31 tollo
tollo, sustŭli, sublātum, 3, v. a. ( perf. tollit, Pers. 4, 2:I. A.tollisse,
Dig. 46, 4, 13) [root Sanscr. tul-, tulajāmi, lift up, weigh; Gr. tal-, tel, in tlênai, talanton; cf.: tuli, tlātus (latus), tolerare], to lift or take up, to raise, always with the predom. idea of motion upwards or of removal from a former situation.Lit.1.In gen.: unus erit quem tu tolles in caerula caeli templa, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 6 Müll. (Ann. v. 66 Vahl.): pileum ad caelum tollit, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. 220, 15:2.fulgor ibi ad caelum se tollit,
Lucr. 2, 325;for which also: aliquem tollere in caelum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 24:quem (Herculem) in caelum ista ipsa sustulit fortitudo,
id. Tusc. 4, 22, 50; id. Rep. 1, 16, 25:tollam ego ted in collum,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 42:Phaëthon optavit, ut in currum patris tolleretur: sublatus est,
Cic. Off. 3, 25, 94; cf. id. N. D. 3, 31, 76:aliquem in equum,
id. Deiot. 10, 28:quos in crucem sustulit,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 3, § 7:aliquem in crucem,
id. ib. 2, 1, 5, §13: aquila in sublime sustulit testudinem,
Phaedr. 2, 6, 4:in arduos Tollor Sabinos,
Hor. C. 3, 4, 22 et saep.:ut me hic jacentem aliquis tollat,
Plaut. Ps. 5, 1, 2; so,jacentes,
id. Most. 1, 4, 17: mulum suum tollebat Fufius, lifted up, raised up, Varr. ap. Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83:nequeo caput tollere,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 45:sustulimus manus et ego et Balbus,
Cic. Fam. 7, 5, 2:manus,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 5:gradum,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 6: scorpius caudā sublatā, Lucil. ap. Non. 385, 31:lubrica convolvit sublato pectore terga (coluber),
Verg. A. 2, 474:terrā,
Ov. M. 15, 192:de terrā,
Cic. Caecin. 21, 60:se tollere a terrā,
id. Tusc. 5, 13, 37:ignis e speculā sublatus,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 35, § 93.—In partic.a.Tollere liberos, to take up, i. e. to accept, acknowledge; and so, to raise up, bring up, educate as one's own (from the custom of laying new-born children on the ground at the father's feet; cf.(β).suscipio): quod erit natum, tollito,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 3:puerum,
id. Men. prol. 33; Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 21, 42 (Trag. v. 67 Vahl.):natum filium,
Quint. 4, 2, 42:nothum,
id. 3, 6, 97:puellam,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 15; cf. id. And. 1, 3, 14.—Also of the mother:si quod peperissem, id educarem ac tollerem,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 45.—Transf., in gen., to get, beget a child:b.qui ex Fadiā sustulerit liberos,
Cic. Phil. 13, 10, 23:decessit morbo aquae intercutis, sublato filio Nerone ex Agrippinā,
Suet. Ner. 5 fin. —Nautical t. t.: tollere ancoras, to lift the anchor, weigh anchor; esp. in part. pass.:(β).sublatis ancoris,
Caes. B. G. 4, 23; id. B. C. 1, 31; Liv. 22, 19, 6. —Transf. out of the nautical sphere, to break up, proceed:c.si vultis ancoras tollere,
Varr. R. R. 3, 17, 1.—To build, raise, erect:d.tollam altius tectum,
Cic. Har. Resp. 15, 33:si juxta habeas aedificia, eaque jure tuo altius tollas,
Dig. 39, 2, 26.—To take on board, carry, of vessels or vehicles:B.navem, metretas quae trecentas tolleret, parasse,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 75:naves, quae equites sustulerant,
Caes. B. G. 4, 28:altera navis ducentos ex legione tironum sustulerat,
id. B. C. 3, 28;Auct. B. Afr. 54: tollite me, Teucri,
Verg. A. 3, 601:ut se sublatum in lembum ad Cotym deveheret,
Liv. 45, 6, 2:Maecenas me tollere raedā vellet,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 42:Talem te Bacchus... sustulit in currus,
Ov. A. A. 3, 157. —Trop.1.To raise, lift, lift up, elevate, set up, etc.: tollitur in caelum clamor exortus utrimque, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 422 Vahl.):2.clamorem in caelum,
Verg. A. 11, 745:clamores ad sidera,
id. ib. 2, 222; cf.:clamor magnus se tollit ad auras,
rises, id. ib. 11, 455:clamor a vigilibus tollitur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 94:clamorem,
Flor. 3, 8, 6:cachinnum,
Cic. Fat. 5, 10:risum,
Hor. A. P. 381: litterulae meae tui desiderio oblanguerunt: hac tamen epistulā oculos paulum sustulerunt, have opened [p. 1877] their eyes again, have reanimated them, Cic. Fam. 16, 10, 2.—Esp. with animos: ne in secunda tollere animos et in mala demittere, to elevate, Lucil. ap. Non. 286, 6:animos,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 8, 10; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 57:animos alicui,
to raise, excite, animate, Liv. 3, 67, 6:nec dubium est quin omnis Hispania sublatura animos fuerit,
id. 35, 1, 3;opp. abicere animos,
Sen. Ben. 3, 28, 7:aliquid dicendo augere et tollere altius (opp. extenuare et abicere),
Cic. de Or. 3, 26, 104:ad caelum te tollimus verissimis ac justissimis laudibus,
id. Fam. 15, 9, 1:monumentum illud, quod tu tollere laudibus solebas,
id. Att. 4, 16, 8 (14):nostras laudes in astra,
id. ib. 2, 25, 1:Daphnim tuum ad astra,
Verg. E. 5, 51:tergeminis tollere honoribus,
Hor. C. 1, 1, 8:vos Tempe tollite laudibus,
id. ib. 1, 21, 9 (cf. also Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 1; v. infra, II. A. 2.):supra modum se tollens oratio,
Quint. 4, 2, 61; cf.:se eadem geometria tollit ad rationem usque mundi,
id. 1, 10, 46; 1, 2, 26:amicum Tollere (i. q. consolari),
to cheer up, console, Hor. S. 2, 8, 61.—To take on one, assume, bear, endure:II.providere non solum quid oneris in praesentia tollant,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 1:at Apollodorus poenas sustulit,
id. N. D. 3, 33, 82. —To take up a thing from its place, to take away, remove, to bear or carry away, make way with, take away with one (syn.: aufero, adimo).A.Lit.1.In gen.:2.frumentum de areā,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 14, § 36:solem e mundo tollere videntur, qui amicitiam e vitā tollunt,
id. Lael. 13, 47:ut aliquis nos deus ex hac hominum frequentiā tolleret,
id. ib. 23, 87:simulacra ex delubris,
id. Div. in Caecil. 1, 3; so,pecunias e fano,
Caes. B. C. 3, 105:sphaeram ex urbe (Syracusis),
Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 21:praedam,
Caes. B. G. 7, 14:posita,
id. ib. 6, 17:patinam,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 80; cf.:his sublatis,
id. ib. 2, 8, 10:mensam tolli jubet,
Cic. Pis. 27, 67:me per hostes Denso paventem sustulit aëre,
Hor. C. 2, 7, 14:jubet sublata reponi Pocula,
Verg. A. 8, 175:cuncta,
id. ib. 8, 439:tecum me tolle per undas,
id. ib. 6, 370:me quoque tolle simul,
Ov. M. 11, 441:tollite me, Libyes, comitem poenaeque necisque,
Sil. 6, 500.—In partic.a.Pregn., to take off, carry off, make away with, to kill, destroy, ruin, etc.:b.aliquem de medio,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 7, 20:aliquem e medio,
Liv. 24, 6, 1:aliquem ferro, veneno,
Cic. N. D. 3, 33, 81:Titanas fulmine (Juppiter),
Hor. C. 3, 4, 44: quem febris una potuit tollere, Lucil. ap. Non. 406, 25:me truncus illapsus cerebro Sustulerat, nisi, etc.,
Hor. C. 2, 17, 28:tollet anum vitiato melle cicuta,
id. S. 2, 1, 56:sorbitio tollit quem dira cicutae,
Pers. 4, 2:majores nostri Carthaginem et Numantiam funditus sustulerunt,
laid waste, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 35:ademptus Hector Tradidit fessis leviora tolli Pergama Graiis,
Hor. C. 2, 4, 11.—In a play with I. B. supra: te dixisse, laudandum adulescentem (Caesarem), ornandum, tollendum, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 1; cf.:se non esse commissurum, ut tolli posset,
id. ib. 11, 20, 1.—Milit. t. t.: tollere signa, to break up for marching, to decamp, Caes. B. C. 2, 20; Auct. B. Alex. 57, 1.—B.Trop., to do away with, remove; to abolish, annul, abrogate, cancel (very freq., esp. in Cic.;1.syn.: oblittero, aboleo): rei memoriam tollere ac delere,
Cic. Quint. 21, 70; cf.metum,
id. Rosc. Am. 2, 6:sublatā benevolentiā amicitiae nomen tollitur,
id. Lael. 5, 19; cf.:maximum ornamentum amicitiae tollit, qui ex eā tollit verecundiam,
id. ib. 22, 82:dubitationem,
id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:errorem,
id. ib. 1, 24, 38:librariorum menda,
id. Att. 13, 23, 2:ut id nomen ex omnibus libris tollatur,
id. ib. 13, 44, 3:legem,
id. Leg. 2, 12, 31:veteres leges novis legibus,
id. de Or. 1, 58, 247:dictaturam funditus ex re publicā,
id. Phil. 1, 1, 3:sublato Areopago,
id. Rep. 1, 27, 43:deos,
to deny the existence of, id. N. D. 1, 30, 85; id. Ac. 2, 11, 33:diem,
to consume in speechmaking, id. Leg. 3, 18, 40; id. Dom. 17, 45:morbus facile tollitur,
is removed, Cels. 2, 14; 4, 18; so,dolores et tumores,
Plin. 26, 12, 75, § 122:foeditates cicatricum maculasque,
id. 33, 6, 35, § 110:muliebrem luctum,
Hor. Epod. 16, 39:querelas,
id. Ep. 1, 12, 3.—Hence, , a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B.), elated, proud, haughty (rare):quo proelio sublati Helvetii,
Caes. B. G. 1, 15:hac victoriā,
id. ib. 5, 38: quibus omnibus rebus, id. B. C. 2, 37:rebus secundis,
Verg. A. 10, 502:gloriā,
Tac. A. 13, 11 et saep.:fidens magis et sublatior ardet,
Ov. Hal. 54. — Adv.: , highly, loftily. *Lit.:2.Nilus diebus centum sublatius fluens, minuitur postea,
higher, Amm. 22, 15, 12. —Trop.:sublate ampleque dicere (opp. attenuate presseque),
loftily, with elevation, Cic. Brut. 55, 201:sublatius dicere,
more proudly, id. Dom. 36, 95:sublatius insolescentes,
Amm. 15, 12, 1. -
32 detraho
dē-trăho, xi, ctum, 3 ( inf. perf. sync. detraxe, Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 15), v. a., to draw or take off, draw away, draw or take down; to pull down; to take away, remove, withdraw (class. and very freq.).I.Lit.A.In gen.(α).With acc. and de or ex with abl.:(β).crumenam sibi de collo,
Plaut. Truc. 3, 1, 7:anulum de digito,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 38:aliquem de curru,
Cic. Cael. 14 fin. et saep.:aliquem ex cruce,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6; so,stramenta e mulis,
Caes. B. G. 7, 45, 2:homines ex provinciis,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 1; cf.:inimicum ex Gallia,
id. ib. 8, 19:Hannibalem ex Italia,
Liv. 29, 20;aliquem pedibus e tribunali,
Suet. Rhet. 6 et saep.—With acc. and dat.:(γ).nudo vestimenta detrahere me jubes,
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 79:alicui anulum,
Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 31:vestem alicui,
id. Eun. 4, 4, 40:amiculum alicui,
Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83:torquem alicui,
id. Fin. 1, 7, 23:loricam alicui,
Verg. A. 5, 260 et saep.: tegumenta scutis, Caes. B. G. 2, 21, 5:frenos equis,
Liv. 4, 33 et saep.:virum equo,
Liv. 22, 47; cf.:aliquem in transvehendo,
Suet. Aug. 38.With acc. alone: vestimenta, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:(δ).veste detracta,
Cic. Brut. 75, 262:soccos detrahunt (servi),
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 72:detractis insignibus imperatoris,
Caes. B. C. 3, 96, 3:vestem,
Cic. Brut. 75, 262;statuas,
Just. 38, 8, 12.—With ad, in, or trans:B.castella trans Euphraten,
Tac. A. 15, 17 et saep.:aliquem in judicium,
Cic. Mil. 8, 38; cf.:aliquem ad accusationem,
id. Clu. 68, 179:aliquem ad aequum certamen,
Liv. 22, 13:tauros ad terram cornibus,
Suet. Claud. 21; cf.: naves ad terram, Auct. B. Alex. 10 fin.:dominationem in carcerem et catenas,
Flor. 1, 24, 3.—In partic.1.In medic. lang., to purge, Cels. 2, 10 fin.; Plin. 27, 7, 28, § 48 et saep.—2.With the accessory idea of depriving or diminishing, to remove, withdraw, take away a thing from any one; to draw off, remove, take away from any thing.(α).With acc. and de or ex with abl.:(β).multa de suis commodis,
Cic. Lael. 16, 57:aliquid de summa,
Lucr. 3, 513; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 78, § 181:aliquid ex ea summa,
id. Att. 10, 5; and:nihil de vivo,
id. Fl. 37:ex tertia acie singulas cohortes,
Caes. B. C. 3, 89, 3; cf.:detractis cohortibus duabus,
id. B. G. 3, 2, 3.—With acc. and dat.:(γ).cum ei eidem detraxisset Armeniam,
Cic. Div. 2, 37 fin.:scuto militi detracto,
Caes. B. G. 2, 25:coronam capiti,
Liv. 38, 47; cf. Hor. S. 1, 10, 48:auxilia illi,
Caes. B. G. 6, 5, 5:fasces indigno (opp. deferre),
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 34 et saep.:pellem hostiae,
to flay, Vulg. Levit. 1, 6.—With acc. and ab with abl.:II.aliquid ab homine,
Cic. Off. 3, 6, 30.—Trop.A.In gen., to pull down, to lower (very rarely):B.regum majestatem ab summo fastigio ad medium,
Liv. 37, 45, 18:superbiam,
Vulg. Isa. 23, 9.—Far more freq.,In partic. (acc. to no. I. B. 2.), to withdraw, take away, take; to lower in estimation, disparage, detract from.(α).With de or ex:(β).detractis de homine sensibus,
Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30; cf.:quicquam de nostra benevolentia,
id. Fam. 5, 2 fin.:tantum sibi de facultate,
id. Brut. 70 fin.; cf.:studiose de absentibus detrahendi causa, severe dicitur,
id. Off. 1, 37, 134:de ipso, qui scripsit, detrahi nihil volo,
Cic. Pis. 29, 71: aliquid de aliquo, Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7:de hoc senatu detrahere,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 20; so,de aliquo,
id. Att. 11, 11 fin.; Nep. Chabr. 3, 3:de se,
Cic. Ac. 2, 5, 15; cf.:de rebus gestis alicujus,
Nep. Timol. 5, 3:quantum detraxit ex studio, tantum amisit ex gloria,
Cic. Brut. 67, 236; cf. id. Div. ap. Caecil. 15, 49; id. Fam. 1, 5, a.—With dat.:(γ).nihil tibi detraxit senatus nisi, etc. (opp. dare),
id. ib. 1, 5, b; cf.opp. concedere,
id. de Or. 2, 71; Quint. 11, 1, 71:honorem debitum ordini,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 11:illam opinionem maerenti,
id. Tusc. 3, 31, 76:auctoritatem Cottae,
Quint. 6, 5, 10:fidem sibi,
id. 2, 17, 15; 5, 7, 4 al.:errorem animis,
Ov. M. 2, 39:multum alicui,
Nep. Eum. 1, 2:regi,
Vulg. Eccles. 10, 20.—Absol.:C.aliquid dicere detrahendae spoliandaeque dignitatis alicujus gratia,
Cic. Cael. 2 et saep.:laudis simulatione detrahitur,
Quint. 8, 6, 55; id. 12, 9, 7.—To withhold:ususfructus in mancipanda proprietate detrahi potest,
Gai. Inst. 2, 33. -
33 tollō
tollō sustulī, sublātus, ere [TAL-], to lift, take up, raise, elevate, exalt: in caelum vos umeris nostris: optavit, ut in currum patris tolleretur: sublatus est: quos in crucem sustulit: in sublime testudinem, Ph.: in arduos Tollor Sabinos, H.: terrā, O.: ignis e speculā sublatus.—Of children (the father acknowledged a new-born child by taking it up), to take up, accept, acknowledge, bring up, rear, educate: puerum, Enn. ap. C.: puellam, T.: qui ex Fadiā sustulerit liberos, i. e. was the father of.—In navigation, with ancoras, to lift the anchor, weigh anchor, set sail: sublatis ancoris, Cs., L.—In the army, with signa, to take up the march, break up camp, march: signa sustulit seseque Hispalim recepit, Cs.— To build, raise, erect: tollam altius tectum.— To take on board, take up, carry: naves, quae equites sustulerant, had on board, Cs.: Tollite me, Teucri, V.: sublatus in lembum, L.: me raedā, H.: Talem te Bacchus... Sustulit in currūs, O.—Fig., to raise, lift, lift up, elevate, set up, start: ignis e speculā sublatus: Clamores ad sidera, V.: risum, H.: oculos, i. e. look up.—To lift, cheer, encourage: Sublati animi sunt, your spirits are raised, T.: sustulere illi animos, have taken courage, L.: amieum, console, H. — To exalt, extol: aliquid tollere altius dicendo: ad caelum te tollimus laudibus: Daphnim tuum ad astra, V.— To assume, bear, endure: alquid oneris: poenas.— To take up, take away, remove, carry off, make way with: frumentum de areā: nos ex hac hominum frequentiā: pecunias ex fano, Cs.: iubet sublata reponi Pocula, V.: tecum me tolle per undas, V.: Me quoque tolle simul. O. — To take off, carry off, make away with, kill, destroy, ruin: hominem de medio: Thrasone sublato e medio, L.: Titanas Fulmine (Iuppiter), H.: tollet anum vitiato melle cicuta, H.: Karthaginem funditus, lay waste.—To do away with, remove, abolish, annul, abrogate, cancel: rei memoriam: sublatā benevolentiā: ut id nomen ex omnibus libris tollatur: demonstro vitia; tollite! away with them!: sublato Areopago: deos, to deny the existence of: diem, to consume in speechmaking: querelas, H.* * *tollere, sustuli, sublatus V TRANSlift, raise; destroy; remove, steal; take/lift up/away -
34 concepta
con-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. [capio], to take or lay hold of, to take to one's self, to take in, take, receive, etc. (class. in prose and poetry).I.Prop.A.In gen.:B.nuces si fregeris, vix sesquimodio concipere possis,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:truleum latius, quo concipiat aquam,
id. L. L. 5, § 118 Müll.; cf. Lucr. 6, 503; and:concipit Iris aquas,
draws up, Ov. M. 1, 271:madefacta terra caducas Concepit lacrimas, id. ib 6, 397: imbres limumque,
Col. Arb. 10, 3.—Of water, to take up, draw off, in a pipe, etc.:Alsietinam aquam,
Front. Aquaed. 11; 5 sqq.— Pass., to be collected or held, to gather:pars (animae) concipitur cordis parte quādam,
Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138:ut quisque (umor) ibi conceptus fuerit, quam celerrime dilabatur,
Col. 1, 6, 5.—Hence, con-cepta, ōrum, n. subst., measures of fluids, capacity of a reservoir, etc.:amplius quam in conceptis commentariorum,
i. e. the measures described in the registers, Front. Aquaed. 67; 73.—Of the approach of death:cum jam praecordiis conceptam mortem contineret,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 40, 96:ventum veste,
Quint. 11, 3, 119; cf.:plurimum ventorum,
Plin. 16, 31, 57, § 131; and:magnam vim venti,
Curt. 4, 3, 2:auram,
id. 4, 3, 16; cf. Ov. M. 12, 569:aëra,
id. ib. 1, 337:ignem,
Lucr. 6, 308; so Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 190; Liv. 21, 8, 12; 37, 11, 13; Ov. M. 15, 348.—Of lime slaked:ubi terrenā silices fornace soluti concipiunt ignem liquidarum aspergine aquarum,
Ov. M. 7, 108 al.; cf.:lapidibus igne concepto,
struck, Vulg. 2 Macc. 10, 3:flammam,
Caes. B. C. 2, 14:flammas,
Ov. M. 1, 255; cf.of the flame of love: flammam pectore,
Cat. 64, 92:ignem,
Ov. M. 9, 520; 10, 582:validos ignes,
id. ib. 7, 9:medicamentum venis,
Curt. 3, 6, 11:noxium virus,
Plin. 21, 13, 44, § 74:morbum,
Col. 7, 5, 14:in eā parte nivem concipi,
is formed, Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 1. —Of disease:is morbus aestate plerumque concipitur,
Col. 7, 5, 14:si ex calore et aestu concepta pestis invasit,
id. 7, 5, 2.—In partic.1. (α).Absol.:(β).more ferarum putantur Concipere uxores,
Lucr. 4, 1266; Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 17:cum concepit mula,
Cic. Div. 2, 22, 50:ex illo concipit ales,
Ov. M. 10, 328 et saep.:(arbores) concipiunt variis diebus et pro suā quaeque naturā,
Plin. 16, 25, 39, § 94.—With acc.:* b.ut id, quod conceperat, servaret,
Cic. Clu. 12, 33:Persea, quem pluvio Danaë conceperat auro,
Ov. M. 4, 611:aliquem ex aliquo,
Cic. Clu. 11, 31; Suet. Aug. 17; id. Claud. 27:ex adulterio,
id. Tib. 62:de aliquo,
Ov. M. 3, 214:alicujus semine,
id. ib. 10, 328:ova (pisces),
Plin. 9, 51, 75, § 165.— Poet.:concepta crimina portat, i. e. fetum per crimen conceptum,
Ov. M. 10, 470 (cf. id. ib. 3, 268):omnia, quae terra concipiat semina,
Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 26:frumenta quaedam in tertio genu spicam incipiunt concipere,
Plin. 18, 7, 10, § 56.— Subst.: conceptum, i, n., the fetus:ne praegnanti medicamentum, quo conceptum excutitur, detur,
Scrib. Ep. ad Callist. p. 3:coacta conceptum a se abigere,
Suet. Dom. 22.—In Ovid, meton., of a woman, to unite herself in marriage, to marry, wed:2.Dea undae, Concipe. Mater eris juvenis, etc.,
Ov. M. 11, 222.—Concipere furtum, in jurid. Lat., to find out or discover stolen property, Just. Inst. 4, 1, § 4; cf.: penes quem res concepta et inventa [p. 401] est, Paul. Sent. 2, 31, 5; Gell. 11, 18, 9 sq.; Gai Inst. 3, 186.—II.Trop.A.To take or seize something by the sense of sight, to see, perceive (cf. comprehendo, II. A.):B. 1.haec tanta oculis bona concipio,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 65.—Far more freq.,In gen., to comprehend intellectually, to take in, imagine, conceive, think:2.agedum, inaugura fierine possit, quod nunc ego mente concipio,
Liv. 1, 36, 3; so,aliquid animo,
id. 9, 18, 8; cf.:imaginem quandam concipere animo perfecti oratoris,
Quint. 1, 10, 4; cf. id. 2, 20, 4; 9, 1, 19 al.:quid mirum si in auspiciis imbecilli animi superstitiosa ista concipiant?
Cic. Div. 2, 39, 81:quantalibet magnitudo hominis concipiatur animo,
Liv. 9, 18, 8 Drak. ad loc.:de aliquo summa concipere,
Quint. 6, prooem. §2: onus operis opinione prima concipere,
id. 12, prooem. § 1: protinus concepit Italiam et arma virumque, conceived the plan of the Æneid, Mart. 8, 56, 19.—In partic., to understand, comprehend, perceive:C.quoniam principia rerum omnium animo ac mente conceperit,
Cic. Leg. 1, 22, 59:quae neque concipi animo nisi ab iis qui videre, neque, etc.,
Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 124:fragor, qui concipi humanā mente non potest,
id. 33, 4, 21, § 73:concipere animo potes, quam simus fatigati,
Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 24.—With acc. and inf.:quod ita juratum est, ut mens conciperet fleri oportere, id servandum est,
Cic. Off. 3, 29, 107:forsitan et lucos illic concipias animo esse,
Ov. M. 2, 77:concepit, eos homines posse jure mulceri,
Vell. 2, 117, 3; Cels. 7 praef. fin. —To receive in one's self, adopt, harbor any disposition of mind, emotion, passion, evil design, etc., to give place to, foster, to take in, receive; to commit (the figure derived from the absorbing of liquids;D.hence): quod non solum vitia concipiunt ipsi, sed ea infundunt in civitatem,
Cic. Leg. 3, 14, 32:inimicitiae et aedilitate et praeturā conceptae,
Caes. B. C. 3, 16; so,mente vaticinos furores,
Ov. M. 2, 640:animo ingentes iras,
id. ib. 1, 166:spem,
id. ib. 6, 554; cf.:spemque metumque,
id. F. 1, 485:aliquid spe,
Liv. 33, 33, 8:amorem,
Ov. M. 10, 249:pectore tantum robur,
Verg. A. 11, 368:auribus tantam cupiditatem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 101 al.:re publicā violandā fraudis inexpiabiles concipere,
id. Tusc. 1, 30, 72:malum aut scelus,
id. Cat. 2, 4, 7:scelus in sese,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 9:flagitium cum aliquo,
id. Sull. 5, 16.—To draw up, comprise, express something in words, to compose (cf. comprehendo, II. C.):quod ex animi tui sententiā juraris, sicut verbis concipiatur more nostro,
Cic. Off. 3, 29, 108:vadimonium,
id. Q. Fr. 2, 13 (15), 3:jusjurandum,
Liv. 1, 32, 8; Tac. H. 4, 41; cf.:jurisjurandi verba,
id. ib. 4, 31;and verba,
Liv. 7, 5, 5:edictum,
Dig. 13, 6, 1:libellos,
ib. 48, 19, 9:stipulationem,
ib. 41, 1, 38:obligationem in futurum,
ib. 5, 1, 35:actionem in bonum et aequum,
ib. 4, 5, 8:foedus,
Verg. A. 12, 13 (id est conceptis verbis:concepta autem verba dicuntur jurandi formula, quam nobis transgredi non licet, Serv.): audet tamen Antias Valerius concipere summas (of the slain, etc.),
to report definitely, Liv. 3, 5, 12.—T. t., of the lang. of religion, to make something (as a festival, auspices, war, etc.) known, to promulgate, declare in a set form of words, to designate formally:ubi viae competunt tum in competis sacrificatur: quotannis is dies (sc. Compitalia) concipitur,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 25 Müll.:dum vota sacerdos Concipit,
Ov. M. 7, 594:sic verba concipito,
repeat the following prayer, Cato, R. R. 139, 1; 141, 4:Latinas sacrumque in Albano monte non rite concepisse (magistratus),
Liv. 5, 17, 2 (cf. conceptivus):auspicia,
id. 22, 1, 7:locus quibusdam conceptis verbis finitus, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 7, § 8 Müll.:ut justum conciperetur bellum,
id. ib. 5, §86 ib.—So of a formal repetition of set words after another person: senatus incohantibus primoribus jus jurandum concepit,
Tac. H. 4, 41:vetus miles dixit sacramentum... et cum cetera juris jurandi verba conciperent, etc.,
id. ib. 4, 31: verba jurationis concipit, with acc. and inf., he takes the oath, that, etc., Macr. S. 1, 6, 30.—Hence, conceptus, a, um, P. a., formal, in set form:verbis conceptissimis jurare,
Petr. 113, 13.—Hence, absol.: mente concepta, things apprehended by the mind, perceptions: consuetudo jam tenuit, ut mente concepta sensus vocaremus, Quint. 8, 5, 2; cf. id. 5, 10, 4. -
35 concipio
con-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. [capio], to take or lay hold of, to take to one's self, to take in, take, receive, etc. (class. in prose and poetry).I.Prop.A.In gen.:B.nuces si fregeris, vix sesquimodio concipere possis,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:truleum latius, quo concipiat aquam,
id. L. L. 5, § 118 Müll.; cf. Lucr. 6, 503; and:concipit Iris aquas,
draws up, Ov. M. 1, 271:madefacta terra caducas Concepit lacrimas, id. ib 6, 397: imbres limumque,
Col. Arb. 10, 3.—Of water, to take up, draw off, in a pipe, etc.:Alsietinam aquam,
Front. Aquaed. 11; 5 sqq.— Pass., to be collected or held, to gather:pars (animae) concipitur cordis parte quādam,
Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138:ut quisque (umor) ibi conceptus fuerit, quam celerrime dilabatur,
Col. 1, 6, 5.—Hence, con-cepta, ōrum, n. subst., measures of fluids, capacity of a reservoir, etc.:amplius quam in conceptis commentariorum,
i. e. the measures described in the registers, Front. Aquaed. 67; 73.—Of the approach of death:cum jam praecordiis conceptam mortem contineret,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 40, 96:ventum veste,
Quint. 11, 3, 119; cf.:plurimum ventorum,
Plin. 16, 31, 57, § 131; and:magnam vim venti,
Curt. 4, 3, 2:auram,
id. 4, 3, 16; cf. Ov. M. 12, 569:aëra,
id. ib. 1, 337:ignem,
Lucr. 6, 308; so Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 190; Liv. 21, 8, 12; 37, 11, 13; Ov. M. 15, 348.—Of lime slaked:ubi terrenā silices fornace soluti concipiunt ignem liquidarum aspergine aquarum,
Ov. M. 7, 108 al.; cf.:lapidibus igne concepto,
struck, Vulg. 2 Macc. 10, 3:flammam,
Caes. B. C. 2, 14:flammas,
Ov. M. 1, 255; cf.of the flame of love: flammam pectore,
Cat. 64, 92:ignem,
Ov. M. 9, 520; 10, 582:validos ignes,
id. ib. 7, 9:medicamentum venis,
Curt. 3, 6, 11:noxium virus,
Plin. 21, 13, 44, § 74:morbum,
Col. 7, 5, 14:in eā parte nivem concipi,
is formed, Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 1. —Of disease:is morbus aestate plerumque concipitur,
Col. 7, 5, 14:si ex calore et aestu concepta pestis invasit,
id. 7, 5, 2.—In partic.1. (α).Absol.:(β).more ferarum putantur Concipere uxores,
Lucr. 4, 1266; Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 17:cum concepit mula,
Cic. Div. 2, 22, 50:ex illo concipit ales,
Ov. M. 10, 328 et saep.:(arbores) concipiunt variis diebus et pro suā quaeque naturā,
Plin. 16, 25, 39, § 94.—With acc.:* b.ut id, quod conceperat, servaret,
Cic. Clu. 12, 33:Persea, quem pluvio Danaë conceperat auro,
Ov. M. 4, 611:aliquem ex aliquo,
Cic. Clu. 11, 31; Suet. Aug. 17; id. Claud. 27:ex adulterio,
id. Tib. 62:de aliquo,
Ov. M. 3, 214:alicujus semine,
id. ib. 10, 328:ova (pisces),
Plin. 9, 51, 75, § 165.— Poet.:concepta crimina portat, i. e. fetum per crimen conceptum,
Ov. M. 10, 470 (cf. id. ib. 3, 268):omnia, quae terra concipiat semina,
Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 26:frumenta quaedam in tertio genu spicam incipiunt concipere,
Plin. 18, 7, 10, § 56.— Subst.: conceptum, i, n., the fetus:ne praegnanti medicamentum, quo conceptum excutitur, detur,
Scrib. Ep. ad Callist. p. 3:coacta conceptum a se abigere,
Suet. Dom. 22.—In Ovid, meton., of a woman, to unite herself in marriage, to marry, wed:2.Dea undae, Concipe. Mater eris juvenis, etc.,
Ov. M. 11, 222.—Concipere furtum, in jurid. Lat., to find out or discover stolen property, Just. Inst. 4, 1, § 4; cf.: penes quem res concepta et inventa [p. 401] est, Paul. Sent. 2, 31, 5; Gell. 11, 18, 9 sq.; Gai Inst. 3, 186.—II.Trop.A.To take or seize something by the sense of sight, to see, perceive (cf. comprehendo, II. A.):B. 1.haec tanta oculis bona concipio,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 65.—Far more freq.,In gen., to comprehend intellectually, to take in, imagine, conceive, think:2.agedum, inaugura fierine possit, quod nunc ego mente concipio,
Liv. 1, 36, 3; so,aliquid animo,
id. 9, 18, 8; cf.:imaginem quandam concipere animo perfecti oratoris,
Quint. 1, 10, 4; cf. id. 2, 20, 4; 9, 1, 19 al.:quid mirum si in auspiciis imbecilli animi superstitiosa ista concipiant?
Cic. Div. 2, 39, 81:quantalibet magnitudo hominis concipiatur animo,
Liv. 9, 18, 8 Drak. ad loc.:de aliquo summa concipere,
Quint. 6, prooem. §2: onus operis opinione prima concipere,
id. 12, prooem. § 1: protinus concepit Italiam et arma virumque, conceived the plan of the Æneid, Mart. 8, 56, 19.—In partic., to understand, comprehend, perceive:C.quoniam principia rerum omnium animo ac mente conceperit,
Cic. Leg. 1, 22, 59:quae neque concipi animo nisi ab iis qui videre, neque, etc.,
Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 124:fragor, qui concipi humanā mente non potest,
id. 33, 4, 21, § 73:concipere animo potes, quam simus fatigati,
Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 24.—With acc. and inf.:quod ita juratum est, ut mens conciperet fleri oportere, id servandum est,
Cic. Off. 3, 29, 107:forsitan et lucos illic concipias animo esse,
Ov. M. 2, 77:concepit, eos homines posse jure mulceri,
Vell. 2, 117, 3; Cels. 7 praef. fin. —To receive in one's self, adopt, harbor any disposition of mind, emotion, passion, evil design, etc., to give place to, foster, to take in, receive; to commit (the figure derived from the absorbing of liquids;D.hence): quod non solum vitia concipiunt ipsi, sed ea infundunt in civitatem,
Cic. Leg. 3, 14, 32:inimicitiae et aedilitate et praeturā conceptae,
Caes. B. C. 3, 16; so,mente vaticinos furores,
Ov. M. 2, 640:animo ingentes iras,
id. ib. 1, 166:spem,
id. ib. 6, 554; cf.:spemque metumque,
id. F. 1, 485:aliquid spe,
Liv. 33, 33, 8:amorem,
Ov. M. 10, 249:pectore tantum robur,
Verg. A. 11, 368:auribus tantam cupiditatem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 101 al.:re publicā violandā fraudis inexpiabiles concipere,
id. Tusc. 1, 30, 72:malum aut scelus,
id. Cat. 2, 4, 7:scelus in sese,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 9:flagitium cum aliquo,
id. Sull. 5, 16.—To draw up, comprise, express something in words, to compose (cf. comprehendo, II. C.):quod ex animi tui sententiā juraris, sicut verbis concipiatur more nostro,
Cic. Off. 3, 29, 108:vadimonium,
id. Q. Fr. 2, 13 (15), 3:jusjurandum,
Liv. 1, 32, 8; Tac. H. 4, 41; cf.:jurisjurandi verba,
id. ib. 4, 31;and verba,
Liv. 7, 5, 5:edictum,
Dig. 13, 6, 1:libellos,
ib. 48, 19, 9:stipulationem,
ib. 41, 1, 38:obligationem in futurum,
ib. 5, 1, 35:actionem in bonum et aequum,
ib. 4, 5, 8:foedus,
Verg. A. 12, 13 (id est conceptis verbis:concepta autem verba dicuntur jurandi formula, quam nobis transgredi non licet, Serv.): audet tamen Antias Valerius concipere summas (of the slain, etc.),
to report definitely, Liv. 3, 5, 12.—T. t., of the lang. of religion, to make something (as a festival, auspices, war, etc.) known, to promulgate, declare in a set form of words, to designate formally:ubi viae competunt tum in competis sacrificatur: quotannis is dies (sc. Compitalia) concipitur,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 25 Müll.:dum vota sacerdos Concipit,
Ov. M. 7, 594:sic verba concipito,
repeat the following prayer, Cato, R. R. 139, 1; 141, 4:Latinas sacrumque in Albano monte non rite concepisse (magistratus),
Liv. 5, 17, 2 (cf. conceptivus):auspicia,
id. 22, 1, 7:locus quibusdam conceptis verbis finitus, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 7, § 8 Müll.:ut justum conciperetur bellum,
id. ib. 5, §86 ib.—So of a formal repetition of set words after another person: senatus incohantibus primoribus jus jurandum concepit,
Tac. H. 4, 41:vetus miles dixit sacramentum... et cum cetera juris jurandi verba conciperent, etc.,
id. ib. 4, 31: verba jurationis concipit, with acc. and inf., he takes the oath, that, etc., Macr. S. 1, 6, 30.—Hence, conceptus, a, um, P. a., formal, in set form:verbis conceptissimis jurare,
Petr. 113, 13.—Hence, absol.: mente concepta, things apprehended by the mind, perceptions: consuetudo jam tenuit, ut mente concepta sensus vocaremus, Quint. 8, 5, 2; cf. id. 5, 10, 4. -
36 duco
dūco, xi, ctum, 3 ( imp. duc;I.but duce,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 18; id. Most. 1, 4, 11; id. Poen. 5, 4, 59; id. Rud. 2, 3, 55; id. Trin. 2, 2, 103; id. Truc. 2, 5, 26.— Perf. sync.: duxti, Varr. ap. Non. 283, 32; Cat. 91, 9; Prop. 1, 3, 27), v. a. [cf. Goth. tiuh-an; O. H. Germ. zieh-an, to draw; Germ. -zog, in Herzog, commander, duke], to lead, conduct, draw, bring forward, in all senses; very freq. passing over into the signif. of the compounds abducere, deducere, adducere, producere, etc., and of the synonyms agere, trahere, movere, etc. (very freq.).Lit.A.In gen.:B.quo sequar? quo ducis nunc me?
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 2: duc hos intro, id. Am. 2, 2, 224; id. Aul. 2, 6, 13:duc ac demonstra mihi,
id. Cist. 2, 3, 36:suas secum mulierculas sunt in castra ducturi,
Cic. Cat. 2, 10 fin.; cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 5 fin. et saep.:(difficile iter) vix qua singuli carri ducerentur,
id. ib. 1, 6, 1; cf.plaustra,
Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 34: aquam ducere, Cato ap. Charis. p. 192 P.; so,aquam per fundum ejus,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 4:spiritum naribus,
Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 5: so,spiritum per siccas fauces,
Sen. Ben. 3, 8; cf.:aërem spiritu,
Cic. N. D. 2, 6 fin.:animam spiritu,
id. ib. 2, 54, 136; and in gen.: spiritum, for to live, id. Fam. 10, 1; cf.:vitam et spiritum,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33:tura naribus,
to inhale, Hor. C. 4, 1, 22:sucos nectaris,
to drink in full draughts, to quaff, id. ib. 3, 3, 34; cf.pocula,
id. ib. 1, 17, 22; and:Liberum,
id. ib. 4, 12, 14.— Poet.:jucunda oblivia vitae (referring to the waters of Lethe),
Hor. S. 2, 6, 62 (cf. Verg. A. 6, 714 sq.) et saep.:mucronem,
to draw from the scabbard, Verg. A. 12, 378; cf.:ferrum vaginā,
Ov. F. 4, 929:ensem vagina,
Sil. 8, 342;but: ensem duxerat faber,
had beaten out, forged, Tib. 1, 3, 48:sortem,
Cic. Div. 2, 33; Verg. A. 6, 22;hence, also transf. of that which is drawn by lot,
Cic. Div. 1, 18, 34; id. Rep. 1, 34; Suet. Caes. 12; Tac. A. 1, 54; 3, 28 al.:pondus aratri,
to draw, Ov. M. 7, 119:remos,
to row, id. ib. 1, 294; cf. id. ib. 4, 353:numerosa brachia,
in dancing, id. Am. 2, 4, 29:lanas,
to spin, id. ib. 4, 34; cf.stamina,
id. ib. 4, 221:ubera,
to milk, id. ib. 9, 358:frena manu,
to guide, govern, id. ib. 15, 518: vela, to haul (= navigare), Prop. 1, 6, 2:manus, of swimming,
id. 3, 20, 2:ilia,
to draw the flanks together, become broken-winded, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 9:os,
to draw awry, to make wry faces, Cic. Or. 25 fin.; Quint. 9, 3, 101; cf.vultum,
Ov. M. 2, 774; id. P. 4, 8, 13; Mart. 1, 41 et saep.:non equus impiger Curru ducet Achaico Victorem,
to draw along, Hor. C. 4, 3, 5; cf. id. Ep. 1, 1, 93.— Absol.:sibi quisque ducere, trahere, rapere,
to take to one's self, appropriate, Sall. J. 41, 5.—Esp.1.To lead, conduct, as a way or road:2.via ducit (te), in urbem?
Verg. E. 9, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 7, 5; Verg. A. 1, 401; Ov. F. 2, 679:Brundisium Minuci melius via ducat an Appi,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 20:via ad undas,
Ov. M. 3, 602:via ad infernas sedes,
id. ib. 4, 433; cf.:iter ad urbem,
id. ib. 437; Curt. 3, 28, 19; Sen. Prov. 6, 7; id. Vit. Beat. 1; Plin. 18, 11, 29, § 111; Quint. 5, 9, 14; Liv. 5, 40, 8 al.—Se, in colloq. lang., to betake one's self, go:3.jam me ad regem recta ducam,
Plaut. Am. 4, 3, 8; id. Aul. 4, 8, 8; id. Bacch. 4, 2, 11; Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 7: Balbus duxit se a Gadibus, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 1.—A legal t. t., to take, lead away, drag, carry off a person before court, to prison, to punishment, etc.: POST. DEINDE. MANVS. INIECTIO. ESTO. IN. IVS. DVCITO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; so,4.in jus,
Liv. 2, 27:illos duci in carcerem jubent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 30:aliquem in carcerem,
Suet. Caes. 20:in vincula,
id. ib. 79:ad mortem,
Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1; Nep. Phoc. 4, 3; and absol.:ducite, ubi capiat, etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 65; Sen. de Ira, 1, 16, 14; Suet. Calig. 27; Plin. Ep. 10, 97, 3 al.: NI. IVDICATVM. FACIT. AVT. QVIS. ENDO. EM. IVRE. VINDICIT. SECVM. DVCITO. VINCITO, etc., XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45:decreta ejus modi: SI PETIT DUCAS. C. Fuficium duci jussit petitorem,
to be imprisoned, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 31; so of a debtor (addictus) who is led off as a slave, Novat. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 63, 255; Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 87; Cic. Fl. 20 fin.; Liv. 6, 14 sq.; cf. id. 2, 23 med.; cf.prov.: stultitiast venatum ducere invitas canes,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 83. —Uxorem, to lead a wife home, i. e. to marry:5.bona uxor si ea deducta est, etc.... Verum egon eam ducam domum, Quae, etc.?
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 91:uxorem domum,
id. Aul. 2, 1, 40; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 68:filiam Orgetorigis in matrimonium,
Caes. B. G. 1, 9, 3; cf. Liv. 4, 4:eum uxorem ducturum esse aliam,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 105:uxorem (or aliquam, filiam alicujus, etc.),
id. Aul. 2, 1, 48; id. Cas. prol. 69 et saep.; Ter. And. 1, 1, 128; 2, 1, 21 et saep.; Cic. Sest. 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 4; id. B. C. 3, 110, 2; Verg. E. 8, 29; Vulg. Marc. 10, 11 et saep.— Absol.:si tu negaris ducere,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 5; 2, 3, 9; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 76; Liv. 4, 4 al.: jugum ducere cum infidelibus, i. e. to be yoked in marriage, Vulg. 2 Cor. 6, 14.—Rarely for nubere: si ignorans statum Erotis ut liberum duxisti, isque postea servus est judicatus, etc., Imp. Antonin. ap. Cod. Just. 5, 18, 3.—In the comic poets, of taking home prostitutes, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 35; 4, 2, 44; id. Men. 1, 2, 15; id. Stich. 5, 4, 48; id. Truc. 3, 2, 10 et saep.—In milit. lang.a.Said of a commander, to lead, to cause to move, to march his army in any direction:b.locis apertis exercitum ducere,
Caes. B. G. 1, 41, 4; cf. id. B. C. 1, 64 fin.; 1, 68, 1:exercitum ab Allobrogibus in Segusianos,
id. B. G. 1, 10 fin.:exercitum in fines Suessionum,
id. ib. 2, 12, 1; cf. id. ib. 4, 38, 3;5, 18, 1: exercitum (legiones, etc.) in Bellovacos,
id. ib. 2, 13, 1; 5, 24, 2 et saep.; cf. Tac. A. 2, 57:cohortes ad eam partem munitionum, quae, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 3, 62, 2:exercitum Uticam,
id. ib. 2, 26, 1:reliquas copias contra Labienum,
id. B. G. 7, 61 fin. et saep.—In pass., of the soldiers, to march, move:quam in partem aut quo consilio ducerentur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 2.—And in act., absol., of the general himself, to march, move (a favorite expression of Liv.;not in Caes. or Sall.): (Mettus) ducit, quam proxime ad hostem potest,
Liv. 1, 23; 1, 27; 9, 35; 22, 18 et saep.—Hence,In gen., to lead, command an army or (more freq.) a division:(β).qua in legatione duxit exercitum,
Cic. Mur. 9, 20; so,exercitum,
Nep. Eum. 13, 1; id. Epam. 7, 3:qui superiore anno primum pilum duxerat,
Caes. B. G. 5, 35, 6; 6, 38, 1; id. B. C. 3, 91, 1:ordinem,
id. ib. 1, 13, 4; 3, 104, 3; Suet. Vesp. 1:partem exercitūs,
Sall. J. 55, 4 et saep.—Rarely, to lead a division in front, in advance:consuetudine sua Caesar sex legiones expeditas ducebat: post eas... inde, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 2, 19, 2; hence also, to march in front, take the lead, said of the division that forms the van:pars equitum et auxiliariae cohortes ducebant, mox prima legio, etc.,
Tac. A. 1, 51; cf. id. ib. 1, 64 fin. —Transf. beyond the milit. sphere, to lead, to be leader, head, chief, first in any thing:c.accedit etiam, quod familiam ducit,
Cic. Fam. 7, 5 fin. Manut.; so,familiam,
id. Phil. 5, 11, 30; id. Fin. 4, 16, 45:ordines,
id. Phil. 1, 8, 20:classem (discipulorum),
Quint. 1, 2, 24 Spald.:funus,
Hor. Epod. 8, 12:toros,
Ov. F. 6, 668 et saep.—To conduct as prisoners in a triumph:6.per triumphum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 67:in triumpho,
Plin. 7, 43, 45, § 139, v. triumphus.—With the accessory idea of creation, formation, to produce, form, construct, make, fashion, shape, dispose (cf.:7.struo, pono, condo, fundo): parietem per vestibulum alicujus,
to erect, Cic. Mil. 27 fin.; cf.muros,
Hor. C. 4, 6, 23:vallum ex castris ad aquam,
Caes. B. C. 1, 73, 2:fossam,
id. B. G. 7, 72, 1; 7, 73, 2:arcum,
Ov. M. 3, 160:lateres de terra,
Vitr. 2, 3:vivos vultus de marmore (with excudere spirantia aera),
Verg. A. 6, 849; cf. id. ib. 7, 634; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 240; Varr. ap. Non. 283, 32; Plin. 7, 37, 38, § 125; Quint. 10, 3, 18 Spald.; Juv. 7, 237; hence, poet. also:epos,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 44:carmen,
Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 18; 3, 14, 32:versus,
id. ib. 5, 12, 63 et saep.:liniam ex colore,
Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 81; Quint. 2, 6, 2; cf.orbem,
id. 11, 3, 118:alvum,
to bring forth by clysters, Cels. 2, 12; 4, 4 et saep.: alapam alicui, qs. to fetch one a box on the ear, Phaedr. 5, 3, 2; cf.colaphum,
Quint. 6, 3, 83 Spald.:pugnum,
Dig. 47, 10, 4 et saep.;so esp. of processions, dances, etc.: funus,
Cic. Quint. 15 fin.; Ov. M. 14, 746; Verg. G. 4, 256; cf.exsequias,
Plin. 8, 42, 64, § 154:pompam,
Ov. H. 12, 152; id. F. 6, 405; id. M. 13, 699:choros,
Tib. 2, 1, 56; Hor. C. 1, 4, 5; 4, 7, 6 et saep.; cf.choreas,
Ov. M. 8, 582; 14, 520.—To receive, admit, take any thing (not ante-Aug.):II.cicatricem,
Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 66; Liv. 29, 32, 12:rimam,
Ov. M. 4, 65:situm,
to grow rusty, Quint. 1, 2, 18:formam,
Ov. M. 1, 402:colorem,
id. ib. 3, 485; cf.pallorem,
to grow pale, id. ib. 8, 760:nomina,
Hor. C. 3, 27, 76:notam,
id. ib. 4, 2, 59 et saep.Trop.A.In gen., to lead, guide, draw, conduct:B.progredimur quo ducit quemque voluntas,
Lucr. 2, 258; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 27; 1, 6, 57:ad strepitum citharae cessatum ducere curam,
id. ib. 1, 2, 31:Liber vota bonos ducit ad exitus,
id. C. 4, 8, 34; cf. Quint. 12, 1, 26:per quaedam parva sane ducant (futurum oratorem),
id. 1, 10, 5; cf. id. 1, 1, 27; 1, 5, 58.—Prov.:ducunt volentem fata, nolentem trahunt,
Sen. Ep. 107.—In partic.1.To draw, deduce, [p. 616] derive its origin or beginning from, any thing:2.ab aliqua re totius vitae ducere exordium,
Cic. Fin. 5, 7, 18; cf.:exordium a nostra persona,
Quint. 3, 8, 8; 4, 1, 7:principium disputationis a principe investigandae veritatis,
Cic. N. D. 2, 21 fin.:belli initium a fame,
id. Att. 9, 9, 2; cf. Quint. 1, 1, 21:initia causasque omnium ex quatuor temporum mutationibus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49:originem ab Isocrate,
Quint. 2, 15, 4; 1, 6, 38; Hor. C. 3, 17, 5 al.:ingressionem non ex oratoriis disputationibus, sed, etc.,
Cic. Or. 3, 11:honestum ab iis rebus,
id. Off. 1, 18, 60; id. Or. 39, 135:nomen ex quo,
id. Ac. 11, 41; cf.:nomen a Graeco,
Quint. 1, 6, 3; 3, 7, 1; Hor. S. 2, 1, 66 et saep.; cf.also: utrumque (sc. amor et amicitia) ductum (al. dictum) est ab amando,
Cic. Lael. 27; id. Fin. 2, 24, 78.—To lead a person, as regards his will or opinions, in any direction; to move, incite, induce, allure, in a good or bad sense (most freq. in the pass.):b.ita me ad credendum tua ducit oratio,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 18:nos ducit scholarum consuetudo,
Quint. 4, 2, 28; 5, 11, 19; cf. id. 9, 1, 21:ducit te species,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 35 et saep.:declamatores quosdam perversa ducit ambitio, ut, etc.,
Quint. 10, 7, 21.—In the pass.:si quis statuarum honore aut gloria ducitur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 58 fin.:eloquentiae laude,
id. Or. 32, 115:quaestu et lucro,
id. Tusc. 5, 3, 9:hoc errore ut, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 41; cf.:litteris eorum et urbanitate, ut, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 41, 120:omnes trahimur et ducimur ad cognitionis et scientiae cupiditatem,
id. Off. 1, 6 et saep.—In a bad sense, to cheat, deceive, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 26; id. Capt. 4, 2, 7; Ter. And. 4, 1, 20; id. Ph. 3, 2, 15; Prop. 2, 17, 1 (3, 8, 1 M.); Ov. H. 19, 13; id. M. 3, 587 (with decipere).—3.With regard to time, to draw out, extend, protract, prolong:b.bellum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 38, 4; id. B. C. 2, 18, 6; 2, 37, 5 sq.; Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2; Liv. 22, 25 et saep.; cf.:bellum longius,
Caes. B. C. 1, 64, 2; 3, 42, 3:bellum in hiemem,
id. ib. 1, 61, 3:eam rem longius,
id. B. G. 7, 11, 4; cf.:rem prope in noctem,
id. B. C. 3, 51, 7:rem leniter,
Liv. 3, 41 et saep. Also transf., of time itself:tempus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11; Nep. Them. 7:diem ex die,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 4; and of persons who are put off, delayed:ubi se diutius duci intellexit,
id. ib. 1, 16, 5.—Less freq. (mostly poet.),In gen., of time, to pass, spend, enjoy:4.aetatem in litteris,
Cic. Fin. 5, 19, 50; so,aetatem,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 202:vitam,
id. Epod. 17, 63; Sen. Ep. 45, 10; cf. Verg. A. 2, 641 (where, shortly before, vitam producere):noctes,
Prop. 1, 11, 5; Plin. Ep. 6, 31, 13:somnos,
Verg. A. 4, 560.—In mercant. lang., to calculate, compute, reckon: age nunc summam sumptus duc, Lucil. ap. Non. 283, 30:b.minimum ut sequamur, quoniam XC. medimnūm milia duximus, accedant eo, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 49; id. Att. 6, 1, 5 and 16; 6, 2, 7; Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 11; Gell. 1, 20, 5.—Transf. beyond the mercant. sphere.(α).Rationem alicujus, to consider, calculate, care for one's advantage or interest (a favorite expression of Cicero):(β).duxi meam rationem, quam tibi facile me probaturum arbitrabar,
Cic. Att. 8, 11 D, § 7; so,suam quoque rationem,
to have respect to one's own advantage, id. Verr. 2, 1, 48; and:non minorem aratorum quam populi rationem,
Suet. Aug. 42 fin.:salutis meae rationem,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3:rationem officii, non commodi,
id. Sest. 10, 23; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 44, 128:unius cujusque temporis ducta ratio est,
id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 16:rationem officii atque existimationis,
id. Quint. 16, 53.—In gen., to reckon, consider, hold, account, esteem as any thing (cf. aestimo and existimo;very freq. in prose and poetry): parvi id ducebat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24:pro nihilo aliquid,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 85; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 16 fin.; id. Tusc. 5, 32, 90; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 20, 28:ea pro falsis ducit,
Sall. C. 3, 2; cf.:innocentiam pro malevolentia,
id. ib. 12, 1:vos eritis judices, Laudin' an vitio duci id factum oportuit,
Ter. Ad. prol. 5; so,aliquid honori,
Sall. J. 11, 3:aliquid laudi, Nep. praef. § 4: aliquem despicatui,
Cic. Fl. 27, 65: nihil praeter virtutem in bonis ducere (for which, shortly after, in bonis habere = numerare), Cic. Fin. 3, 3;aliquem in numero hostium,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 25 fin.; Caes. B. G. 6, 32, 1; cf. ib. 6, 23, 8; without in, ib. 6, 21, 2; cf.:aliquem loco affinium,
Sall. J. 14, 1 Kritz. N. cr.: aliquid testimonii loco, Quint. 5, 9, 10:tutelae nostrae duximus, cum Africo bello urgerentur,
Liv. 21, 41; cf.:officii duxit exorare filiae patrem, etc.,
Suet. Tib. 11:faceret, quod e republica fideque sua duceret,
id. ib. 25, 7 et saep.:malum cum amici tuum ducis malum,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 48; cf.:Archytas iracundiam seditionem quandam animi vere ducebat,
Cic. Rep. 1, 38:eorum, quos idoneos ducebat, consilium habet,
Sall. J. 62, 4:nil rectum nisi quod placuit sibi ducunt,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 83.— With acc. and inf.:sic equidem ducebam animo rebarque futurum,
Verg. A. 6, 690:ut omnia tua in te posita esse ducas humanosque casus virtute inferiores putes,
Cic. Lael. 2, 7, 19 fin.; id. Rep. 1, 2; 1, 17; 1, 38; 3, 9 (three times); Sall. J. 93, 5; Liv. 22, 14, 6; 22, 59, 5; Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 2; 4, 30, 2; 6, 18 et saep.—Here too probably belongs the much disputed passage: ludos et inania honoris medio rationis atque abundantiae duxit (= ludos publicos cum aliis rebus quae ad inania honoris pertinent, duxit, i. e. existimavit habendos et ponendos in medio rationis atque abundantiae, ut inter rationem, quae plane spernit inania, et abundantiam, quae eadem ostentat, media via incederet), he thought right to manage them in a middle course between reason and profusion, Tac. Agr. 6 fin., v. Dübner and Orell. ad h. l. -
37 contra
contrā, adv. and prep. [stem con, i. e. cum, through a comparative form conter; cf.: alter, uter, inter, praeter, etc.; in abl. fem. form like the locative adverbs ea, qua, etc.; cf.: ultra, intra, extra, citra], orig., in comparison with; hence, over against, fronting, in front, opposite, in opposition to, against, contrary to, opposed to, etc.I.Adv. (referring to an opposed object often with the force of a preposition with ellipsis of a pronoun, = against it, against him, etc.).A.Local.1.Lit., of position in front of a person, place, or thing.a.With verb of being or position expressed or understood.(α).Referring to living beings, opposite, in face of, face to face, facing, in front of, fronting, confronting (not in Cic., Caes., or Sall.):(β).feminam scelestam te, adstans contra, contuor,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 26:ut confidenter mihi contra adstitit,
id. Capt. 3, 5, 6; Lucr. 4, 223; 6, 929:signum contra, quoad longissume oculi ferebant, animo finivit,
Liv. 1, 18, 8:stat contra starique jubet,
Juv. 3, 290:stat contra dicitque tibi tua pagina Fures!
Mart. 1, 55, 12:ulmus erat contra,
in front of her, Ov. M. 14, 661:templa vides contra,
in front (of us), id. ib. 7, 587.—Of position in front of the enemy:contra conserta manu,
Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 3: contra consistere, to make front against them, Caes. B. G. 2, 17.—Referring to things and places, over against (it), opposite (to it), on the opposite side (mostly post-Aug.):b.contra jacet Cancer patulam distentus in alvum,
Manil. 2, 253:posita contra Hispania,
Tac. Agr. 11:promuntorium quod contra procedit,
Plin. 4, 2, 3, § 6: relinquendae autem contra erunt vacuae tabellae, on the opposite side, i. e. of the leaf, Quint. 10, 3, 32: illo quaerente cur non decidant contra siti, the antipodes (cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; v. II. A. 1. c. a), Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161.—With the governing verb understood:arguam hanc vidisse apud te contra conservum meum,
face to face, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 91:jam omnia contra circaque hostium plena erant, Liv 5, 37, 8: eadem verba contra (i. e. ponuntur),
side by side, Quint. 9, 3, 36; Verg. A. 6, 23.—With verbs of motion, so as to be opposite to an object or face to face with a person, variously rendered.(α).Referring to persons:(β).accede ad me atque adi contra,
come right up to me, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 23; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 6: hostes crebri cadunt; nostri contra ingruunt, advance to their front (in Plaut. hostility is not implied in contra), id. Am. 1, 1, 84: quis nos pater aut cognatu' volet contra tueri, face to face, eye to eye, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 12 Mull. (Trag. Rel. v. 444 Rib.); Att. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 55 (Trag. Rel. v. 538 ib.):adspicedum contra me = contra adspice me,
Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 56 Lorenz ad lec.:contra adspicere,
id. Mil. 2, 1, 45:contra intueri,
Liv. 1, 16, 6; 9, 6, 8; Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 6:cum veniret contra Marcianus,
Quint. 6, 3, 95; Plin. 9, 46, 70, § 152.—Of things:2.hic ubi sol radiis... Adversa fulsit nimborum aspergine contra,
Lucr. 6, 525; Cels. 8, 8, 1:quam (turrim) promoti contra validi asseres... perfregere,
Tac. H. 4, 30.—Reciprocally: oscula non pervenientia contra, not coming through (the wall) so as to meet, Ov. M. 4, 80.—Transf. to equivalents of weight, value, and price; so,(α).In Plaut. only in the colloq. phrases auro contra, aurichalco contra, and contra auro (sc. posito); lit., for gold placed against; cf.:(β).aes contrarium, s. v. contrarius: (servus) non carus'st auro contra,
at his weight in gold, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30: jam auro contra constat filius, id. Truc. 2, 6, 57 (Speng. aurichalco): auro contra cedo modestum amatorem! A me aurum accipe. Pa. Cedo mihi contra aurichalco quoi ego sano serviam, id. Curc. 1, 3, 45 sq.; id. Mil. 3, 1, 63; 4, 2, 85; id. Ps. 2, 3, 23.—In post-Aug. prose (very rare):3.at si aquae et ejus rei quam contra pensabis par pondus erit, nec pessum ibit, nec exstabit, etc.,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—Of reciprocal actions, = vicissim, in turn, in return, back, on my, his, etc., part, likewise, counter-.(α).In gen.:(β).te ut deludam contra, lusorem meum,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:quae me amat, quam ego contra amo,
id. Merc. 5. 2, 77; id. Cist. 1, 1, 96; id. Trin. 4, 2, 55; id. As. 2, 2, 110:qui arguat se, eum contra vincat jurejurando suo,
make a victorious counter-charge, id. Mil. 2, 2, 37:si laudabit haec Illius formam, tu hujus contra (i. e. lauda),
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 54:audi nunc contra jam,
listen in turn, id. Phorm. 4, 4, 18; id. Ad. 5, 4, 23:at tu mihi contra nunc videre fortunatus, Phaedria, Cui, etc.,
you likewise seem fortunate to me, id. Phorm. 1, 3, 21:Mettius Tullo gratulatur, contra Tullus Mettium benigne alloquitur,
Liv. 1, 28, 1:contra ut me diligat illa,
Cat. 76. 23; Hor. S. 1, 3, 27 Orell. ad loc.—Hence, with ellipsis of inquit, = respondit:cui latrans contra senex,
Phaedr. 5, 10, 7:scietis, inquam, etc., contra Nigrinus: ad quem missi sunt? ego, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 4.—Rarely with inquit, etc., expressed: at ille contra, renidens, Audi, inquit, discipule, etc.,
Gell. 15, 9, 9; cf.:contra talia reddit,
Claud. B. Gild. 379.—With dat. pers.:(γ).consulo quem dolum doloso contra conservo parem,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 45:facere contra huic aegre,
Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 10:hiscine contra insidiabere?
id. Hec. 1. 1, 13:tibi contra gratiam Referre,
id. ib. 4, 2, 7.—With item:(δ).item a me contra factum est,
Plaut. Aul. prol. 20:puellam senex Amat et item contra filius,
id. Cas. prol. 49; id. Pers. 5, 2, 36; id. Am. 1, 1, 67; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 25.—Combining a reciprocal with a local relation (A. 1. a. a, and b. a): contra carinantes verba, exchanging abusive words ( face to face), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 181 Vahl.): tubae utrimque contra canunt;(ε).Consonat terra,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 73; 1, 1, 86:confer gradum Contra pariter,
id. Ps. 2, 4, 18; id. Truc. 1, 2, 28:video amicam... Ubi contra adspexit me, etc.,
id. Mil. 2, 1, 45; Verg. E. 7, 8; cf. Lucr. 4, 243:vesper adest, juvenes consurgite!... Cernitis, innuptae, juvenes? consurgite contra!
Cat. 62, 6.—Implying also opposition: Pe. Conpellabo. Ph. Orationis aciem contra conferam, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 20:B.si scias quod donum huic dono contra comparet,
what counter gift, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 63: quod Scipio postulavit... ut, etc. Et quod contra collega postulavit ne, etc., Annal. Trib. Pleb. ap. Gell. 7 (6), 19, 5:si vobis aequa et honesta postulatio videtur, ego contra brevem postulationem adfero,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 7; Nep. Epam. 6, 1;Auct. B. Alex. 24: illo licente contra liceri audeat nemo,
to bid in opposition, Caes. B. G. 1, 18; Liv. 4, 53, 6:agedum pauca accipe contra,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 38.—So in battle:Numidae... Romanorum ordines conturbare... neque contra feriundi copia erat,
Sall. J. 50, 4; and in law: et ab eo is qui adoptat vindicat... et illo contra non vindicante, etc., Gai Inst. 1, 134; 2, 24.—Esp. in replies:oratio contra a Demosthene pro Ctesiphonte edita,
Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213:dicit accusator haec: primum, etc.... quid contra reus?
id. Clu. 30, 81; id. Fin. 5, 22, 63; Curt. 4, 1, 10; 7, 9, 1.Of opposition, strife, etc., against; constr. absol., with dat., and ne, quominus or quin.1.Of physical exertion.(α).Lit.:(β).concurrunt... aetheriae nubes contra pugnantibu' ventis,
struggling against each other, Lucr. 6. 98:nec nos obniti contra... Sufficimus,
bear up, battle against, Verg. A. 5, 21; Ov. M. 9, 50; 2, 434:at ille contra nititur,
resists, Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 103; 7, 20, 19, § 82:pars remigum, tamquam imperitia... officia nautarum impediebant. Mox contra tendere,
rowed in an opposite direction, Tac. H. 4, 16.—Trop.:2.te rogo ne contrahas ac demittas animum, neque te obrui tamquam fluctu... sinas, contraque erigas ac resistas,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4:et torrens judicem vel nitentem contra feret, cogatque ire qua rapiet,
Quint. 12, 10, 61.— With ne: vi contra niti, ne advorsus eum fiat, Cato ap. Gell. 7 (6), 3, 16.—With quominus, Lucr. 1, 780.—Of mental exertion:3.si tibi vera videntur, Dede manus, aut, si falsum est, accingere contra,
arm yourself against them, Lucr. 2, 1043; 2, 280. —With dat.:siti contra... pugnandum,
Cels. 4, 2 fin. —Of hostile opposition in gen.(α).Lit.:(β).quod animadversum est in eo qui contra omni ratione pugnarunt, non debeo reprehendere,
who made opposition in every way, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137; id. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107:contra etiam aliquid abs te profectum ex multis audivi,
something inimical, id. Fam. 5, 5, 2.—Trop.:4.aut alio quovis (sc. colore) qui contra pugnet et obstet,
Lucr. 2, 794; 2, 868.—Of warfare.(α).Lit.:(β).ut eos adversarios existimemus qui arma contra ferant,
Cic. Off. 1, 25, 87; 1, 12, 37; Vell. 2, 28, 4; cf.:quid quod exercitum contra duxit?
Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23:ut si qua ex parte obviam contra veniretur, acie instructa depugnarent,
if they should be attacked by an open charge, Caes. B. G. 7, 28:issentque confestim ad urbem ni venire contra exercitum... audissent,
Liv. 7, 39, 17:cum Romanae legiones contra direxerint,
would oppose their march, Tac. H. 4, 58; id. A. 6, 44.—With dat.:et huic contra itum ad amnem Erinden,
Tac. A. 11, 10.—Trop.:5.quod ubi viderunt corvi, contra auxiliantur, velut adversus communem hostem,
Plin. 10, 74, 95, § 205.—Of legal contests.(α).With verbs of saying; v. 9. a.—(β).Venire contra, of any legal act with the intention to hurt the adversary:(γ).quid? si omnium mortalium Sthenio nemo inimicior quam hic C. Claudius... fuit? si de litteris corruptis contra venit, etc.?
if he made a charge of forgery against him? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; cf. II. B. c. b.—On the part of the adversary:(δ).inveniendum contra est, quo distet haec causa a ceteris,
Quint. 5, 10, 114; 9, 2, 35; 12, 8, 10.—Of judgments against the parties or against opinions:6.ne spoliaret fama probatum hominem si contra judicasset,
given an adverse decision, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77; cf. Val. Max. 7, 2, 4; Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—Of literary opposition.(α).Mostly with verbs of saying; v. 9. a. g.—(β).With other verbs:7.astrologorum artem contra convincere tendit,
Lucr. 5, 728:contra nunc illud pone, etc.,
Sen. Ben. 7, 14, 6:habeat (liber meus) etiam quosdam qui contra sentiant et adversentur,
some dissentients and opponents, Quint. 3, 1, 5; 2, 17, 40; 3, 8, 69.—Of public and political opposition.(α).With verbs of saying; v. 9. a. d.—(β).With petere, to be a candidate for office in opposition to another:8.nihil enim supererat de quo certarent, nihil quod contra peterent,
no office was left for which to canvass against each other, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91:honores contra petere,
Quint. 6, 1, 17.—With ire, with dat., of an opposing vote in the senate (cf.:pedibus ire): sententia Cassii ut nemo unus contra ire ausus est, ita dissonae voces respondebant,
Tac. A. 14, 45.—Of violation of law, contracts, etc.: contra facere, or contra committere, to violate, transgress a law, etc.: leges esse non ex ejus qui contra commiserit utilitate, spectari oportere, not in the interest of the transgressor, Cic. Inv. 2, 48, 153:9.si quis sub hoc pacto vendiderit ancillam ne prostitueretur, et si contra factum esset,
and if the contract was violated, Dig. 18, 1, 56.—With verbs of saying, etc., contra dicere; less freq. disputare, disserere, pugnare, in the sense of dicere, and contra scribere (often contradico, in one word, in post-Aug. writers; esp. with dat.).a.Absol.(α).Contra dicere, to speak as counsel of the adversary, to plead his cause, in legal proceedings:(β).cum contra dicturus Hortensius esset,
would speak on the other side, Cic. Quint. 24, 77:hoc... contra dicente Cotta judicatum est,
id. Caecin. 33, 97:dixisse ut contra nemo videretur,
id. Brut. 53, 198: ut contra Crassus... exorsus est, began on the other side, id. ib. § 197.—Hence: qui contra dicit, the adversary or counsel of the adversary:contra autem qui dicet, similitudinem infirmare debebit,
Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 151; id. Part. Or. 21, 108.—In the same sense: agens contra: si nos... impares agentium contra ingeniis dixerimus, that we are unequal to the talents of our adversary's counsel, [p. 453] Quint. 4, 1, 8.—To make charges against (rare):(γ).si qui contra vellet dicere, usurum esse eum suo testimonio,
Cic. Clu. 48, 134:qua ratione nemo neque tum item fecerit, neque nunc contra dicat,
id. Quint. 29, 88; so,contra disputare, of objections to or against a witness: nihil contra disputabo priusquam dixerit,
id. Fl. 21, 51.—In gen., to speak on the other side of a question:(δ).fiebat autem ita, ut cum is qui audire vellet dixisset quid sibi videretur, tum ego contra dicerem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; id. Fin. 2, 1, 2; so,contra disputare and contra scribere,
id. Or. 1, 19, 85; Vitr. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 2, 17, 13; Dig. 9, 2, 21, § 1.—Hence: qui contra dicunt or disputant, the opponents:nec qui contra dicunt causam difficilem repellunt,
Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 2:ad coarguendos qui contra disputant,
to refule his opponents, Quint. 2, 15, 26.—To oppose or object to a proposition, motion, or petition:(ε). (ζ).quam palam principes dixerunt contra!
protested against it, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41; Caes. B. C. 1, 32; Cic. Clu. 47, 130.—With pugnare:cum decerneretur frequenti senatu, contra pugnante Pisone, etc.,
Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5:filius ejus incolumitatem optat: contradicit pater,
the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 85; 9, 2, 83; Plin. ap. Gell. 9, 16, 5; Cic. Dom. 33, 87:contradicente nullo,
Suet. Caes. 20; Dig. 3, 3, 15.—Abl. absol. impers.:b.explorandum videtur an etiam contradicto aliquando judicio consuetudo firmata sit,
whether the custom has been confirmed by judgment upon a judicial contest, Dig. 1, 3, 34.—With acc. neutr. pron., to object, to make or raise an objection, to reply; esp. in legal proceedings:c.ego enim, te disputante, quid contra dicerem meditabar,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 1:ut contra si quid dicere velit non audiatur,
id. Fin. 5, 10, 27:aiebat illum primo sane diu multa contra (i. e. dixisse), ad extremum autem, etc.,
id. Att. 2, 22, 2.— Hence: quod contra dicitur, or quae contra dicuntur, the objections:ut et id quod intenderemus confirmare, et id quod contra diceretur refellere (possemus),
refute the objections, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 90:quia neque reprehendi quae contra dicuntur possunt, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 81, 331; id. Inv. 2, 44, 127; Quint. 1, 2, 17.—In the same sense, as subst.: contrā dicta, orum, n. plur.:seu proposita confirmamus, sive contra dicta dissolvimus,
or refute the objections, Quint. 4, prooem. 6.—With acc. and inf.:dicitur contra, nullum esse testamentum,
the objection is made that there is no testament, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 42.—With dat., written in one word (post-Aug.).(α).To oppose a person by speaking against his views:(β).solitum se etiam Thraseae contradicere,
to oppose even Thrasea, Tac. H. 2, 91:tibi,
Suet. Aug. 54:Curioni...,
id. Rhet. 1. —Hence of answers and replies in law: quid si filium testatoris heres ejus prohibuit? Huic contradici potest: ergo pietatis, etc., he may be answered by this plea, etc., Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—And of advisory answers opposed to one's legal views:volenti mihi ream adulterii postulare eam, etc., contradictum est,
my views were disapproved, rejected, Dig. 48, 5, 11, § 10.—To oppose an opinion, with dat. of the thing:(γ).cum plures tantum sententiis aliorum contradicerent,
opposed the opinions, Tac. H. 1, 39.—To object to a motion or petition, with dat. of the petitioner:(δ).patrem qui damnavit optat ne is torqueatur: pater ei contradicit,
the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 81:cum ambienti ut legibus solveretur multi contradicerent,
Suet. Caes. 18; Dig. 40, 5, 14; 40, 12, 33.—With dat. of the petition:(ε).preces erant, sed quibus contradici non posset,
which could not be denied, Tac. H. 4, 46 fin.; Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 2.—To contest the validity of a law (rare):(ζ).quibus (legibus) contradici potest,
Quint. 7, 7, 4.—To contradict an assertion (very rare):d.pro certis autem habemus... cuicunque adversarius non contradicit,
Quint. 5, 10, 13.—With quin, to object:C.praetor Samnitibus respondit... nec contra dici quin amicitia de integro reconcilietur,
there was no objection to a reconciliation, Liv. 8, 2, 2.To one's disadvantage; mostly predic. with esse, unfavorable, adverse, damaging (post-Aug.;D.but cf. II. B. 2.): ut eum qui responsurus est vel tacere, vel etiam invitum id quod sit contra cogat fateri,
Quint. 7, 3, 14:cum verba (legis) contra sint,
id. 7, 1, 49:sed experimentum contra fuit,
unsuccessful, Tac. H. 2, 97 fin.:ubi fortuna contra fuit,
id. ib. 3, 18:si fortuna contra daret,
should be unfavorable, id. ib. 1, 65 fin.; id. A. 15, 13.Of logical opposition, with negative force.1.Of a direct contrast.a.Predicatively, with esse, fieri, etc., the contrary, the opposite:b.quod fieri totum contra manifesta docet res,
but experience teaches that just the contrary is true, Lucr. 3, 686; 4, 1088:in stultitia contra est,
with fools the reverse is true, Cic. Clu. 31, 84:in hac quidem re vereor ne etiam contra (i. e. sit),
id. Att. 12, 46; id. Off. 1, 15, 49:quod contra est,
Sall. J. 85, 21:quis non credat, etc.? Contra autem est,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 12; id. Ep. 7, 3; Dig. 37, 4, 4:contra fore si, etc.,
ib. 34, 2, 39, § 2:immo forsitan et contra (i. e. erit),
ib. 41, 3, 49:ego contra puto (i. e. esse),
Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 7; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 25.—With evenire, accidere, sentire, scribere, habere, etc.:c.utrumque contra accidit: istic enim bellum est exortum, hic pax consecuta,
of both the contrary has happened, Cic. Fam. 12, 18, 2; so Dig. 38, 2, 51:id ego contra puto (sc.: faciendum esse),
id. Att. 10, 8, 2:contra evenit in iis morbis,
Sen. Ep. 52, 7; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 163:ego contra sentio,
Sen. Clem. 1, 15, 5; Sedig. ap. Gell. 15, 24, 4; Dig. 40, 2, 25:Proculus contra (sc. sentit),
ib. 35, 2, 1, § 14; 33, 7, 25:licet Celsus contra scribat,
ib. 9, 2, 21, § 1: contra probatur, Gai Inst. 2, 78; Dig. 33, 7, 12, § 34.—Very rarely referring to a term in the same clause:cujus disparem mitioremque naturam contra interpretabatur,
interpreted in an opposite sense, misinterpreted, misunderstood, Tac. H. 4, 86 fin. —Referring to a word or phrase in the same predicate.(α).To an adverb, in an opposite manner, otherwise, differently, not, etc.:(β).nam ad summam totius rei pertinet, caute an contra demonstrata res sit,
Cic. de Or. 2, 81, 330: quod viriliter animoque fit, id, etc.;quod contra, id turpe,
id. Off. 1, 27, 94:sit sapienter usus aut contra,
Quint. 2, 5, 15:lactuca locis apricis optume autumno ponitur, mediterraneis aut frigidis contra ( = pessime),
Col. 11, 3, 25.—To a predicative adjective, not, the opposite, the reverse, etc.:(γ).ut aliae (res) probabiles videantur aliae contra,
improbable, Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 103; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:quid est quod me impediat ea quae probabilia mihi videantur sequi, quae contra, improbare,
id. ib. 2, 2, 8; id. Or. 2, 31, 135; Quint. 4, 2, 52.—To a verbal predicate:(δ).an frater fratri exsistat heres, an contra ( = annon),
Dig. 34, 5, 19.—To a subject infinitive:(ε).laudare testem vel contra pertinet ad momentum judiciorum,
praising or censuring a witness, Quint. 3, 7, 2.—To a clause, translated by not or by a repetition of the clause with a negative:(ζ).quae secundum naturam essent, ea sumenda et quadam aestimatione dignanda docebat, contraque contraria,
those that were not, not, Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 36: quod cuidam aut sapiens videor quod una non jerim, aut felix fuisse;mihi contra,
id. Att. 9, 12, 4: an credibile est, incestum cum filia commissum? Et contra, veneficum in noverca, adulterum in luxurioso? and incredible, etc., Quint. 5, 10, 19; so Dig. 9, 1, 2, § 1.—To an attributive genitive:2.Marius cognoscere quid boni utrisque or contra esset (i. e. mali),
Sall. J. 88, 2:verum de origine laudis contraque perspiciemus suo tempore (i. e. vituperationis),
Quint. 2, 4, 21:alii a propositione accusatoris contraque loci oriuntur,
the accuser and the accused, id. 7, 2, 31;so in several titles of the Digests, as Depositi vel contra, = actio depositi, vel contraria actio depositarii,
Dig. 16, 3 tit.; so ib. 16, 17, 1; 16, 13, 6; 16, 13, 7.—Reversing the relation of terms in the preceding sentence, the reverse, conversely, vice versa, etc.a.With its own predicate: saepe... corpus aegret, Cum tamen ex alia laetamur parte latenti;b.Et retro fit uti contra sit saepe vicissim, Cum miser ex animo laetatur corpore toto,
Lucr. 3, 108: illa altera argumentatio, quasi retro et contra, prius sumit, etc., ( proceeding), so to speak, backward and in inverted order, Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46: neque illud ignoro, etc.; sed non idem accidit contra, but the converse is not true, Quint. 8, 6, 3; Gell. 4, 2, 5: ut vocabula verbis, verba rursus adverbiis, nomina appositis et pronominibus essent priora. Nam fit contra quoque frequenter non indecore. for often, not inelegantly, the order is reversed, Quint. 9, 4, 24:quae etiam contra valent,
i. e. if the terms are reversed, id. 3, 7, 25; 9, 2, 49; 8, 6, 25; 9, 4, 72.—Belonging to the same predicate:E.ut quidque erit dicendum ita dicet, nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute, nec item contra,
Cic. Or. 36, 123:cum emtor venditori, vel contra, heres exstitit,
Dig. 35, 2, 48:in quibus patrium pro possessivo dicitur, vel contra,
Quint. 1, 5, 45; 5, 10, 71:junguntur autem aut ex nostro et peregrino, ut biclinium, aut contra, ut epitogium et Anticato,
id. 1, 5, 68:ut capras in montosis potius locis quam in herbidis (pascar), equas contra,
but with mares the reverse is the case, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 16:itaque ille dicere melius quam praecipere, nos contra fortasse possumus,
Cic. Or. 42, 143:qua collegi solent ex his quae faciunt ea quae faciuntur, aut contra,
or vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 80; Dig. 14, 1, 1, § 12; 48, 5, 23, § 4.In logical antithesis of clauses with a merely rhet. force, on the contrary, on the other hand, vice versa; sometimes almost = sed or autem (freq.).1.In independent clauses.a.Opposing persons or parties: fortunam insanam esse... perhibent philosophi... Sunt autem alii philosophi qui contra Fortunam negant ullam exstare, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 372 Rib.); Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68; Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 1:b.ego etiam quae tu sine Verre commisisti Verri crimini daturus sum... Tu, contra, ne quae ille quidem fecit, obicies,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35:ego contra ostendo, non modo nihil fecisse Sex. Roscium, sed, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79; id. Phil. 8, 3, 8; id. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. Fin. 5, 22, 62:in Italia bellum gerimus, in sede ac solo nostro... Hannibal contra in aliena, in hostili est terra,
Liv. 22, 39, 13; 21, 50, 2; 3, 15, 2; 6, 7, 4; 9, 35, 4 et saep.; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; Vell. 2, 31, 4; Sen. Ep. 9, 14; id. Ira, 2, 33, 6; Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 113; Tac. H. 3, 84; 3, 57; Suet. Tib. 2; id. Vit. 2; Just. 2, 1, 10; 8, 4, 11:contra mercator, navim jactantibus austris Militia est potior?
Hor. S. 1, 1, 6; 1, 2, 30; 1, 3, 27; Prop. 2, 1, 45; 2, 23, 13 (3, 17, 3); Sen. Hippol. 214;so with versa vice: barbarae gentes (Alexandrum) non ut hostem, sed ut parentem luxerunt... Contra Macedones versa vice non ut civem, sed ut hostem amissum gaudebant,
Just. 13, 1, 7.—Introducing a secondary or parallel opposition of thought: in loco umidiore far potius serunt quam triticum;2.contra in aridiore hordeum potius quam far,
Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; 1, 1, 47: si nihil esset quod inane vocaret, Omne foret solidum;nisi contra corpora certe Essent, etc., Omne quod est spatium vacuum constaret inane,
Lucr. 1, 521; 4, 348; cf.:justa omnia decora sunt, injusta contra, ut turpia, sic indecora,
Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94; id. N. D. 2, 15, 41; id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; id. Quint. 30, 93: id. Off. 3, 21, 84; id. Leg. 2, 1, 2: facilem esse rem... si modo unum omnes sentiant; contra in dissensione nullam se salutem perspicere, Caes. B. G, 5, 31; Liv. 25, 30, 3; Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 2; Plin. 12, 19, 42, § 92; 11, 14, 14, § 35; Suet. Caes. 73; Gell. 1, 4, 5:si male rem gerere insani est, contra bene, sani,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 74.—In opposition to a dependent clause:3.ut hi miseri, sic contra illi beati quos, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16; so id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; Quint. 9, 3, 39:cui ego rei tantum abest ut impedimento sim, ut contra te M. Manli adhorter, etc.,
Liv. 6, 15, 5; 6, 31, 4:cum virtus adeo neminem spe ac pollicitatione corrumpat, ut contra in se inpendere jubeat, ac, etc.,
Sen. Ben. 4, 1, 2: aut igitur negemus quidquam ratione confici, cum contra nihil sine ratione recte fieri possit, aut, etc., whereas on the contrary, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 38, 84; cf.:at contra,
Lucr. 2, 392.—With co-ordinate conjunctions.a.Copulative, et contra or contraque (never with ac or atque); also nec contra (rare), and on the other hand.(α).With reference to a reason or conclusion, after nam, enim, cum, or itaque: nam et ratione uti... omnique in re quid sit veri videre et tueri decet, contraque falli [p. 454]... tam dedecet quam, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:(β).malus est enim custos... metus, contraque benevolentia fidelis,
id. ib. 2, 7, 23:cum reficiat animos varietas ipsa, contraque sit aliquanto difficilius in labore uno perseverare,
Quint. 1, 12, 4; 3, 8, 32; 8, 6, 20:itaque in probris maxime in promptu est, si quid tale dici potest, etc. Contraque in laudibus, etc.,
Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; cf. Suet. Calig. 51; so with nec:nam nec comoedia cothurnis assurgit, nec contra tragoedia socculo ingreditur,
Quint. 10, 2, 22.—With contrasted examples or illustrations, often after ut or sic:(γ).audivi ex majoribus natu, hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasica, contraque patrem ejus... nullam comitatem habuisse sermonis,
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:ut suspitionibus credi oportere, et contra suspitionibus credi non oportere,
id. Inv. 2, 15, 48; Quint. 8, 4, 1; 5, 10, 48; 9, 3, 7; 9, 4, 52; 11, 1, 14; Sen. Ep. 82, 14; Dig. 17, 1, 22, § 4.—With contrasted actions, assumptions, etc.:(δ).atque utinam qui ubique sunt propugnatores hujus imperii possent in hanc civitatem venire, et contra oppugnatores rei publicae de civitate exterminari!
Cic. Balb. 22, 51:domo pignori data, et area ejus tenebitur... et contra jus soli sequitur aedificium,
Dig. 13, 7, 21:equo et asina genitos mares, hinnos antiqui vocabant: contraque mulos quos asini et equae generassent,
Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 17: ceterum potest ex lege quidem esse judicium, sed legitimum non esse, et contra ex lege non esse, sed legitimum esse, Gai Inst. 4, 109; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161; 35, 15, 5, § 183.—After a negative clause, affirming the opposite idea, et contra or contraque, but on the contrary:b.in quo (consulatu) ego imperavi nihil, et contra patribus conscriptis et bonis omnibus parui,
Cic. Sull. 7, 21:nunc vero cum ne pulsus quidem ita sim ut superare non possim, contraque a populo Romano semper sim defensus, etc.,
id. Dom. 33, 88; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Marcell. 6, 20; so,et contra,
Suet. Tit. 7.—With adversative conjunctions, at contra, sed contra, contra autem, contra vero (not verum contra, nor contra tamen).(α).At contra (freq.), merely a strengthened contra (v. 1. supra): huc accedit uti mellis lactisque liquores Jucundo sensu linguae tractentur in ore;(β).At contra taetri absinthi natura... foedo pertorqueat ora sapore,
Lucr. 2, 400:cogunt,
id. 2, 74; 1, 366; 2, 235 et saep.: nos qui domi sumus, tibi beati videmur;at contra nobis tu quidem... prae nobis beatus,
Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2; id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 66; Sall. J. 36, 2; 4, 7; 15, 3; id. C. 12, 5:ideo siccas aiunt Aethiopiae solitudines... At contra constat Germaniam abundare rivis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 6, 2; 1, 3, 1; id. Ep. 100, 7; Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 186; Suet. Galb. 15; Tac. A. 4, 28.—Sed contra, after a negative sentence (class.):(γ).non quo acui ingenia adulescentium nollem, sed contra ingenia obtundi nolui,
Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 93; id. Att. 9, 15, 3; id. Ac. 1, 10, 35; id. Fl. 11, 26:arma populi Romani non liberis servitutem, sed contra servientibus libertatem adferre,
Liv. 45, 18, 1:tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito,
Verg. A. 6, 95; Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 12.—PostAug. also without a preceding negation:obiisse nostro Laium scelere autumant superi inferique: sed animus contra innocens... negat,
Sen. Oedip. 765; Symm. Ep. 6, 81.—Contra autem (rare;(δ).in Cic. only where different subjects have contrasted predicates in dependent clauses): quia pacis est insigne toga, contra autem arma tumultus atque belli,
Cic. Pis. 30, 73.—In later writers = contra alone:sub septemtrione aedificia... conversa ad calidas partes oportere fieri videntur. Contra autem sub impetu solis meridiani regionibus conversa ad septemtrionem... sunt facienda,
Vitr. 6, 1, 2; Gell. 14, 2, 19; Dig. 7, 1, 25, § 3; 34, 3, 25.—Contra vero (very rare;(ε).not in Cic.), used for contra: contra vero quercus infinitam habet aeternitatem,
Vitr. 2, 9, 8; 6, 1, 3; Cels. 3, 6 fin. —Atqui contra, App. Mag. p. 287, 24.—c.With disjunctive conjunctions, aut contra, vel contra, seu contra, or on the contrary, or conversely (always without change of subject).(α).Aut contra:(β).num aut scriptum neget, aut contra factum infitietur?
Cic. Part. Or. 38, 133: quae (mens) aut languescit... aut contra tumescit, etc., Quint. 1, 2, 18:si imbres defuere, aut contra abundavere,
Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 228.—Vel contra:(γ).hinc enim quaestiones oriuntur: Injuriam fecisti, sed quia magistratus, majestatis actio est? Vel contra: Licuit... quia magistratus?
Quint. 5, 10, 40; 9, 4, 96; Suet. Galb. 3; Dig. 35, 2, 56, § 4; 8, 4, 6.—Seu contra:d.seu tristis veniam, seu contra laetus amicis,
Prop. 1, 11, 25.—With causal conjunctions, nam contra (very rare;4.never contra enim): falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum quod, etc. Nam contra, reputando, neque majus aliud, neque praestabilius invenies,
Sall. J. 1, 1; Quint. 1, 1, 1; 9, 2, 23. —In late Lat., e contra (also one word, ēcontrā) = contra,(α).In the meaning, the contrary (D. 1.):(β).aliis vero econtra videtur,
Hier. Ep. 12.—Et econtra = et contra (E. 3. a.):5.honestiorum provectu et econtra suppliciis,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 39, 45.—For quod contra, v. II. E. 1. c.—With emphatic particles.a.Quin contra, nay on the contrary, opposing an affirmative sentence to a preceding negative statement (quin etiam amplifies without opposition; sed contra opposes without amplification; quin contra both opposes and amplifies);b.not before Livy: num qui enim socordius rempublicam administrari post Calvi tribunatum... quam? etc. Quin contra patricios aliquot damnatos... neminem plebeium,
Liv. 6, 37, 8; 31, 31, 9; 35, 26, 10; 37, 15, 3.—Immo contra (post-Aug.).(α).= no, on the contrary, refuting opinions, after questions and in the form of a dialogue:(β).existimas nunc me detrahere tibi multas voluptates?... Immo contra, nolo tibi umquam deesse laetitiam,
Sen. Ep. 23, 3; Dig. 33, 7, 5; 33, 7, 29.—= sed contra, but on the contrary:c.proinde ne submiseris te, immo contra fige stabilem gradum,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 5, 6; id. Cons. Polyb. 15, 2; cf. prep.:immo contra ea,
Liv. 41, 24, 8; cf. II. E. 1. b. infra.—Item contra = an emphatic et contra (very rare):F.quoniam... beate vivere alii in alio, vos in voluptate ponitis, item contra miseriam in dolore, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 86; cf. I. A. 3. g supra.With a comparative clause introduced by ac, atque, or quam, representing a logical or moral opposition (contra atque debuit = non ita ut debuit; cf. Cic. Or. 3, 19, 70); cf. prep., II. C. 3. g, and II. E. 2. infra.1.Of logical opposition, contrary to, different from, otherwise than; in the best prose only with atque or ac.(α).With atque:(β).item, contra atque apud nos, fieri ad Elephantinem ut neque ficus neque vites amittant folia,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6:simulacrum Jovis, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20; id. Sull. 24, 69:judicium suscepturos contra atque omnis Italia populusque Romanus judicavisset,
Caes. B. C. 3, 12; id. B. G. 4, 13; Plin. 12, 19, 43, § 95.—With ac:(γ).itaque contra est ac dicitis,
Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 41:vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24, 53; so id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11; id. Or. 40, 137:cum contra ac Deiotarus sensit victoria belli judicaret,
id. Phil. 11, 13, 34:Petreius ubi videt, Catilinam, contra ac ratus erat, magna vi tendere, etc.,
Sall. C. 60, 5.—With ac and atque:(δ).si denique aliquid non contra ac liceret factum diceretur, sed contra atque oporteret,
Cic. Balb. 3, 7.—With quam (post-Aug.):2.cui contra quam proposuerat aliqua cesserunt,
Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 5; Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149; 11, 21, 24, § 72; Gell. 6 (7), 8, 6:contra quam licet,
id. 1, 3, 19; Sil. 15, 107.—Of moral opposition of acts contrary to rules and principles (cf. II. 3. g infra); so always with quam:II.mater Aviti, generi sui, contra quam fas erat, amore capta,
contrary to the divine law, Cic. Clu. 5, 12:ut senatus, contra quam ipse censuisset, ad vestitum rediret,
contrary to its own resolution, id. Pis. 8, 18:contra quam ista causa postulasset,
id. Caecin. 24, 67:contra quam sanctum legibus est,
Liv. 30, 19, 9; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2; id. Dom. 46, 122:contraque faciunt quam polliceri videntur,
Auct. Her. 4, 3, 6; Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 86.Prep. with acc., before, against, facing, towards, opposite to, contrary to (acc. to many scholars not ante-class.; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 108; but found Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 24 Fleck., a line omitted by Lorenz as a gloss; id. Pers. 1, 1, 13 Ritschl; Att. ap. Non. p. 469, 15, or Trag. Rel. v. 476 Rib.; cf. also Plaut. Poen. 5, 6, 18; Cato, R. R. 18, 1, and v. I. A. 1. a. b, and I. A. 1. b. a supra).A.Local uses.1.Opposite, over against, facing.a.Of countries and places (mostly of those separated by water;b.adversus and e regione mostly of places opposite by land): insulae natura triquetra, cujus unum latus est contra Galliam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 13; 3, 9; 4, 20:ad insulam quae est contra Massiliam,
id. B. C. 1, 56; 3, 23:Rhodios, pacatis contra insulam suam terris, etc.,
Liv. 37, 15, 7; 3, 26, 8:Carthago Italiam contra,
Verg. A. 1, 13; 5, 124; Ov. M. 14, 17:insulae quae contra Tauri promuntorium inopportune navigantibus objacent, Chelidoniae nominantur,
Mel. 2, 7; Plin. 3, 26, 30, § 151; 6, 28, 32, § 152; 5, 7, 7, § 41; Tac. A. 3, 1; id. H. 2, 17.—Of the heavenly bodies:c.donique (luna) eum (sc. solem) contra pleno bene lumine fulsit,
Lucr. 5, 708:contra Volucris rostrum posita est Lyra,
Vitr. 9, 4, 5; Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 9; 1, 8, 3; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 5, 10, 10, § 56.—So, tertium (latus Britanniae) est contra septem triones, opposite ( facing); hence, contra meridiem and contra ortus (instead of ad or adversus meridiem, etc.), facing the south and east, Plin. 6, 24, 24, § 85; 17, 2, 2, § 22. —So of a person standing in the sunlight:cum minima umbra (i. e. a sole) contra medium fiet hominem,
Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 327; cf.:contra mediam faciem meridies erit,
id. 18, 33, 76, § 326.—Of opposite ends of a line.(α).Of the diameter of the earth: esse e regione nobis e contraria parte terrae qui adversis vestigiis stent contra nostra vestigia, quos antipodas vocatis, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123.—(β).Of a line drawn:d.contra autem E littera I erit ubi secat circinationem linea,
opposite the point E will be the letter I, Vitr. 9, 7, 4.—Of buildings, etc.:e.contra hoc aviarium est aliud minus in quo quae mortuae sunt aves curator servare solet,
Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 5; Vitr. 5, 6, 3; 3, 5, 15:(statuam) quae fuerit contra Jovis Statoris aedem in vestibulo Superbi domus,
Plin. 34, 6, 13, § 29:contra medium fere porticum diaeta paulum recedit,
Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 20; 2, 17, 5; Suet. Aug. 44.—Of places on the human body:2.id quod contra stomachum est,
Cels. 4, 5 (4, 12 med.); 7, 7;4, 20 (13).—Of the direction of the intestines, etc.: ea... contra medium alvum orsa,
Cels. 4, 1 fin. —Of actions, opposite, towards, against, facing (syn.:a.adversus, ad, e regione,
Caes. B. G. 7, 61).In gen.:b.quamvis subito... quamque Rem contra speculum ponas, apparet imago,
Lucr. 4, 156: Democritus... clipeum constituit contra exortum Hyperionis, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4:et contra magnum potes hos (i.e. oculos) attollere solem, Nec tremis...?
Prop. 1, 15, 37; Col. 7, 3, 8:rex constiterat contra pedites,
Curt. 10, 9, 13; 9, 5, 1:ne contra septentrionem paveris,
Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 330; 28, 6, 19, § 69:contra solem varie refulgens,
placed in the sun, id. 37, 10, 63, § 173; 10, 54, 75, § 151; 37, 6, 22, § 83;37, 7, 25, § 95: cum terrestres volucres contra aquam clangores dabunt,
id. 18, 35, 87, § 363; 19, 8, 39, § 131.—Dependent on verbs of motion (very rare without the idea of hostility):c.(Dinocrates) incessit contra tribunal regis jus dicentis,
towards, Vitr. 2, praef. 1.—So trop., of actions done for a purpose:lege Cornelia de sicariis tenetur qui, cum in magistratu esset, eorum quid fecerit contra hominis necem quod legibus permissum non sit,
Dig. 48, 8, 4.—Appositively, with the predicate: (elephanti) tanta narratur clementia contra minus validos, ut, etc., if fronting weaker animals, if brought in contact with them (not to be connected with clementia), Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23.—Similarly: dum... fidens non est contra feram, if fronting the animal (not dependent on fidens), Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 57.—d.Against an opposing action, etc.:e.contra vim atque impetum fluminis conversa,
Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 5:cum plateae contra directos ventos erunt conformatae,
Vitr. 1, 6, 8:ut contra ventum gregem pascamus,
Col. 7, 3, 12; Sen. Q. N. 2, 31, 2; Plin. 29, 3, 12, § 52; 17, 2, 2, § 21; 8, 16, 21, § 54:contra fluminum impetus aggeribus,
id. 35, 14, 48, § 169:capite in sole contra pilum peruncto,
id. 27, 4, 5, § 17; 18, 35, 88, § 364; Varr. ap. Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83; Sil. 14, 352; Dig. 9, 2, 29, § 4. [p. 455] — Trop.:contra fortunam tenendus est cursus,
Sen. Prov. 5, 9.—Prov.:contra stimulum calces,
kick against the pricks, Isid. Orig. 1, 36, 28 (al. calcitres); cf. Amm. 18, 5, 1.—Of local actions with hostile intent.(α).Lit.:(β).quae vis Coclitem contra omnes hostium copias tenuit?
Cic. Par. 1, 2, 12:Pompeium Cartejae receptum scribis: jam igitur contra hunc exercitum (sc. constitit),
id. Att. 15, 20, 3:pertimescam, credo, ne mihi non liceat contra vos in contione consistere,
to face you, id. Agr. 1, 8, 25; Lepidus ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 26:a fronte contra hostem pedum quindecim fossam fieri jussit,
id. ib. 1, 41; 1, 42; id. B. G. 7, 62:Tullus adversus Veientem hostem derigit suos: Albanos contra legionem Fidenatium collocat,
Liv. 1, 27, 5; 24, 41, 5; 38, 4, 5; Verg. A. 12, 279; Front. Strat. 2, 2, 13; 2, 3, 17.—Appositively, with a local verb understood:terribilis haec contra fugientes belua est, fugax contra insequentes,
i. e. if fronting, if placed opposite, Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 92.—Trop.:f.castra sunt in Italia contra populum Romanum in Etruriae faucibus collocata,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5; id. Mil. 1, 2; Quint. 7, 7, 5:tum contra hanc Romam illa altera Roma quaeretur,
will be as a rival against this Rome, Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 86:cui rationi contra homines barbaros atque imperitos locus fuisset, hac ne ipsum quidem sperare, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:(Cicero) plerumque contra inimicos atque obtrectatores plus vindicat sibi,
when fronting adversaries, Quint. 11, 1, 23.—In partic.(α).Stare contra aliquem (opp. stare ab aliquo); usu. implying hostility; mostly trop., to stand against, to be arrayed against, to face, oppose:(β).quod contra hoc exemplum nulla staret eorum ratio,
Auct. Her. 4, 5, 7:contra populi studium,
Cic. Brut. 34, 126:contra civium perditorum... dementiam a senatu et a bonorum causa,
id. ib. 79, 273; so,a mendacio contra veritatem,
id. Inv. 1, 3, 4:contra cives in acie,
id. Att. 16, 11, 2:et adversi contra stetit ora juvenci,
opposite, Verg. A. 5, 477; 5, 414:haec enim (ratio) sola... stat contra fortunam,
Sen. Ep. 14, 4, 2: contra leonem etiam stetit, fronted, i. e. hunted, Spart. Carac. 5 fin. —Contra aliquem ire:3.aut saevos Libyae contra ire leones,
Stat. Th. 9, 16.— Trop.:uti contra injurias armati eatis,
Sall. J. 31, 6:interritus (sapiens) et contra illa (mala) ibit et inter illa,
Sen. Ep. 59, 8; cf.: contra venire, II. B. 1. c. b infra, and v. also II. B. 2. b. and II. B. 1. b. infra.—Transf.,a.To persons placed together for comparison:b.C. vero Caesar, si foro tantum vacasset, non alius ex nostris contra Ciceronem nominaretur,
Quint. 10, 1, 114:CORONATO CONTRA OMNES SCAENICOS,
Inscr. Grut. p. 331, n. 4.—To things compared, as if weighed against each other as to their value, strength, etc.(α).Lit. (very rare):(β).quamcunque vis rem expende, et contra aquam statue... Si gravior est, leviorem rem... feret, etc.,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—Prop.:c.cujus (i. e. generis humani) causa videtur cuncta alia genuisse natura, magna saeva mercede contra tanta sua munera,
Plin. 7, 1, 1, § 1:qui amicus esse coepit quia expedit, placebit ei aliquod pretium contra amicitiam,
Sen. Ep. 9, 9:numquam ulli fortiores cives fuerunt quam qui ausi sunt eum contra tantas opes ejus... condemnare,
Cic. Fam. 7, 2, 3:tantum studium bonorum in me exstitisse, contra incredibilem contentionem clarissimi et potentissimi viri,
id. ib. 7, 2, 2; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:nomen prorogans nostrum et memoriam extendens contra brevitatem aevi,
as a compensation for, Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154.—So esp., valere contra, to weigh against, counterbalance, avail or prevail against: non vereor ne meae vitae modestia parum valitura sit contra falsos rumores, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:(illa facta) pro periculo potius quam contra salutem valere debere,
Cic. Part. Or. 35, 120; id. Off. 3, 29, 104:contrane lucrum nil valere Pauperis ingenium?
Hor. Epod. 11, 11; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 1; id. Cons. Helv. 5, 5; so,robur habere contra: si contra unamquamlibet partem fortunae satis tibi roboris est,
id. ib. 13, 2;so of counterchecks: in Creta decem qui cosmoe vocantur, ut contra consulare imperium tribuni plebis, sic illi contra vim regiam constituti,
Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 58.—Of antidotes: cimicum natura contra serpentium morsus valere dicitur, item contra venena omnia, Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—Hence,Colloq., aliquid contra aurum est, something is worth gold, is superb, both predicatively and attributively (cf.: auro contra, I. A. 2. supra): hujusce pomaria in summa Sacra Via ubi poma veneunt, contra aurum imago, a spectacle for gold, i. e. a magnificent sight, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 10 MSS. (al. aliter):d.numcubi hic vides citrum... num quod emblema aut lithostratum? quae illic omnia contra aurum,
superb, id. ib. 3, 2, 4 MSS. (Schneid. omits aurum, ex conj.):oneravi vinum, et tunc erat contra aurum,
Petr. 7, 6.—Transf., of replies, with aiebat, inquit, etc.; both in friendly and inimical sense; esp., contra ea, contra haec, = the adv. contra:B.contra ea Titurius sero facturos clamitabat, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 29:contra ea Verginius unum Ap. Claudium et legum expertem et, etc., aiebat,
Liv. 3, 57, 1; 24, 45, 4:quae contra breviter fata est vates,
Verg. A. 6, 398:contra quod disertus Tu impie fecisti inquit, etc.,
Quint. 7, 1, 53 (cf.: contra ea, II. E. 1. infra).Denoting hostility or disadvantage.1.With verbs of hostile action.a.Of physical exertion:b.pugnavere et tertio consulatu ejus viginti (elephanti) contra pedites quingentos,
Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 22:proelium Afri contra Aegyptios primi fecere fustibus,
id. 7, 56, 57, § 200; 8, 40, 61, § 142. —Referring to warfare (usu. adversus), bellum gerere (rarely for cum or adversus; but contra patriam, contra aras, etc., not cum patria, etc.; cf.c.bellum, II. A. 1. e.): a quo prohibitos esse vos contra Caesarem gerere bellum (opp. pro),
Cic. Lig. 8, 25; id. Phil. 5, 10, 27; Liv. Ep. 129.—With bellum suscipere:contra Antonium,
Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5; so,contra patriam,
id. Sull. 20, 58:pugnare contra patriam,
id. ib. 25, 70:contra conjuges et liberos,
Sen. Ben. 5, 15, 5:armatum esse contra populum Romanum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32.—With arma ferre (freq.), Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 72; 13, 21, 47; Liv. 28, 28, 15; Nep. Att. 4, 2; Tib. 1, 6, 30; Ov. M. 4, 609; 13, 269; id. P. 1, 1, 26.—With arma sumere or capere, Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 19; id. Phil. 4, 1, 2; 4, 3, 7:armis contendere contra,
Caes. B. G. 2, 13:arma alicui dare (trop.),
Cic. Phil. 2, 21, 53:aciem instruere (trop.),
Liv. 25, 4, 4:exercitum comparare,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14; 4, 1, 2:exercitum instruere,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 24:exercitum ducere and adducere,
id. Phil. 4, 2, 5; 3, 4, 11:exercitum contra Philippum mittere,
id. Inv. 1, 12, 17:naves ducere contra,
Hor. Epod. 4, 19:ducere contra hostes,
Liv. 1, 27, 4:florem Italiae educere contra,
Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24:proficisci contra,
to march against, Liv. 1, 11, 3; 8, 2, 5:auxilium ferre Rutulis contra Latinos,
Plin. 14, 12, 14, § 88:juvare aliquem contra,
Caes. B. C. 1, 35:consilium inire contra Sequanos,
to take hostile measures against, id. B. G. 6, 12.—Of legal contention (more freq. adversus, except with verbs of saying).(α).In gen., with agere or causam agere, to act as counsel against a party or his attorney:(β).cum agerem contra hominem disertissimum nostrae civitatis,
Cic. Caecin. 33, 97; id. Brut. 63, 226; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 3; Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Causam recipere or suscipere contra, to accept a retainer against:(causam) quam receperam contra pueros Octavios,
Cic. Att. 13, 49, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 12; Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 1.—Adesse alicui contra, to appear, act as one's counsel against:rogavit me Caecilius ut adessem contra Satrium,
Cic. Att. 1, 1, 3; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 5 al.; cf.:esse contra,
id. ib. 1, 18, 3.— Trop.: conquesturus venit;at contra se adfuit et satisfacienti satisfecit,
Sen. Fragm. Amic. 14, 1, 89:causam defendere contra,
against the accuser, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 178:statuere contra aliquem (sc. causam),
to establish a case against an adversary, id. Or. 10, 34:actio competit contra,
Dig. 49, 14, 41:querelam instituere contra,
ib. 5, 2, 21, § 1:bonorum possessionem petere contra,
ib. 5, 2, 23:jus obtinere contra,
Cic. Quint. 9, 34:pugnare contra,
to struggle against the accuser, id. Sull. 17, 49; id. Verr. 1, 11, 33:id quod mihi contra illos datum est,
i. e. a local advantage over, id. Tull. 14, 33:judicare contra aliquem,
id. Fl. 20, 48; Dig. 21, 2, 55; 5, 2, 14; Just. Inst. 4, 17, 2:pronuntiare contra,
Paul. Sent. 5, 34, 2: dare sententiam contra, Dig. 21, 2, 56, § 1:decernere contra,
Cic. Fl. 31, 76:appellare contra aliquem,
Dig. 49, 1, 3; 49, 5, 6; cf.:contra sententiam,
Cod. Just. 7, 62, 32, § 2.—Sentire contra aliquem, to have an opinion unfavorable to:cur vos (cum) aliquid contra me sentire dicatis, etc.,
Cic. Caecin. 27, 79.—Venire contra aliquem, to appear as counsel for one's adversary:(γ).quid tu, Saturi, qui contra hunc venis, existimas aliter?
Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 18; id. Mur. 4, 9; id. Phil. 8, 6, 18.—Venire contra rem alicujus, to give advice damaging one's interests:contra rem suam me venisse questus est,
Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3.—With dicere and other verbs of saying. (aa) Of a lawyer pleading against a lawyer:d.ipse ille Mucius, quid in illa causa cum contra te diceret, attulit quod? etc.,
Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 244:cum ille contra me pro Sex. Naevio diceret,
id. Brut. 60, 2, 7; id. de Or. 2, 7, 30; id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45; id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 44; id. Planc. 2, 5; id. Brut. 26, 102; so,causam dicere,
id. Or. 2, 23, 98:causam perorare,
id. Quint. 24, 77.—(bb) Of a lawyer's pleading against the parties: dic mihi, M. Pinari, num si contra te dixero mihi male dicturus es? Servil. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 261; 3, 34, 138; 1, 14, 60; id. Or. 35, 123; Quint. 11, 1, 57; cf. with ellipsis of acc.:quorum alter pro Aufldia, contra dixit alter,
id. 10, 1, 22.—(ng) Of a party against a lawyer:si Gaditani contra me dicerent,
if the Gaditani were my adversaries, Cic. Balb. 17, 38.—(dd) Of witnesses and experts, and the pleadings against them:si decressent legationem quae contra istum diceret,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 12: contra testes dicere (opp. a testibus or pro testibus). Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118 (cf.:testimonium in aliquem dicere,
id. Sull. 17, 48; Quint. 7, 4, 36):contra juris consultos dicere,
against their legal opinions, Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—So of witnesses in scientific questions:contra testes dicendum est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 1.—(ee) Dicere or contendere aliquid contra aliquem, to maintain a point against:cum interrogamus adversarios... quid contra nos dici possit,
Auct. Her. 4, 23, 33:tamenne vereris ut possis hoc contra Hortensium contendere?
Cic. Quint. 25, 78. —Of literary adversaries, mostly with verbs of saying and writing:e.cum scriberem contra Epicurios,
Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:contra Epicurum satis superque dictum est,
id. N. D. 2, 1, 2:contra Brutum,
id. Tusc. 5, 8, 21:contra Academiam,
id. Ac. 2, 19, 63; id. Fin. 1, 1, 2; 5, 8, 22; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; 5, 30, 84; id. Ac. 2, 4, 17:contra autem omnia disputatur a nostris,
id. Off. 2, 2, 8.—Of public and political adversaries (syn. adversus and in).(α).In gen.:(β).sentire contra,
Cic. Mil. 2, 5:pugnare contra bonos,
id. Sull. 25, 71:contra eos summa ope nitebatur nobilitas,
Sall. C. 38, 2; Cic. Sest. 19, 42; 52, 112:(tribuni) qui aut contra consulem, aut pro studio ejus pugnabant,
Liv. 39, 32, 12.—Of political speaking:f.cum (Cato) eo ipso anno contra Serv. Galbam ad populum summa contentione dixisset,
Cic. Brut. 20, 80; so id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 53; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 1.—Of hostile or criminal acts in gen. (syn.:2.adversus, in): inire consilia contra,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:manum comparare contra aliquem,
id. Sull. 24, 68:conjurationem facere,
id. ib. 4, 12:congredi,
id. Lig. 3, 9; Sall. J. 64, 4:aliquid contra imperatorem moliri,
Just. Inst. 4, 18, 3:nec dolor armasset contra sua viscera matrem,
against her own offspring Ov. R. Am. 59.—Facere contra (more freq. with abstr. objects; cf. II. C. 1. f. b infra): nunc te contra Caesarem facere summae stultitiae est, to take parts against, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 2:eae (res) contra nos ambae faciunt,
operate against us, id. Quint. 1, 1.—With verbs of saying, etc.:homo disertus non intellegit, eum quem contra dicit laudari a se?
Cic. Phil. 2, 8, 18; 2, 1, 2; 2, 21, 51; Sen. Ep. 15, 3, 70:epigramma quod contra quamdam Gelliam scripsit,
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 38:disputare contra deos, in two signif.: contra deum licet disputare liberius,
to accuse, reproach a god, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76; but: mala et impia consuetudo est contra deos disputandi, to reason against the gods, i. e. against their existence, id. ib. 2, 67, 168.—Predicatively, with esse (videri, etc.), against, injurious to, unfavorable, prejudicial, to one's disadvantage: ut [p. 456] ex senatusconsulto neque cujus intersit, neque contra quem sit intellegi possit, Cic. Mur. 32, 68; id. de Or. 3, 20, 75; 2, 74, 299; 2, 81, 330; id. Sull. 13, 39; Sen. Ben. 6, 31, 6:3.licentiam malis dare certe contra bonos est,
injurious to, Quint. 4, 2, 75:res contra nos est, of unfavorable chances in a lawsuit,
id. 4, 66, 1; 4, 2, 75; 5, 13, 32.—Often, contra aliquem = quod est contra aliquem, referring to indef. pronouns or adjectives:nihil contra me fecit odio mei = nihil quod esset contra me,
Cic. Har. Resp. 3, 5; id. Off. 3, 31, 112:quibus (temporibus) aliquid contra Caesarem Pompeio suaserim,
id. Phil. 2, 10, 24.—Added adverb. to the predicate, mostly referring to purpose, with hostile intent, for the purpose of some hostile act, in order to oppose, in opposition:4.Caesarine eam (provinciam) tradituri fuistis, an contra Caesarem retenturi?
or keep it against Caesar, Cic. Lig. 7, 23:sero enim resistimus ei quem per annos decem aluimus contra nos,
id. Att. 7, 5, 5:judicium illud pecunia esse temptatum non pro Cluentio, sed contra Cluentium,
id. Clu. 4, 9; id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; id. Ac. 2, 28, 92:cum quae facitis ejusmodi sint ut ea contra vosmet ipsos facere videamini,
id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104; Sen. Ep. 3, 7, 3: Curio se contra eum totum parat, i. e. to speak against him, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 10; Caes. B. C. 1, 85 ter; Sen. Q. N. 1, 7, 1; Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192; Plin. Pan. 41.—So with the force of a temporal clause:fidem meam quam essent contra Massam Baebium experti,
in the suit against, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 4.—Dependent on adjectives (rare):5.contra se ipse misericors,
to his own injury, Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:severissimus judex contra fures,
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.—With nouns.a.Acc. to 1. b.:b.ut quam maximae contra Hannibalem copiae sint,
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17; cf. Vell. 2, 76, 3.—Acc. to 1. c. and 1. e.; so esp., oratio contra (cf.: oratio in).(α).Oratio contra (never in), of an address against the counsel of a party or against the prosecutor:(β).quid in omni oratione Crassus vel apud centumviros contra Scaevolam, vel contra accusatorem Brutum, cum pro Cn. Plancio diceret?
Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 220; cf.:Cato pro se contra Cassium = in oratione contra,
Gell. 10, 15, 3; so,haec perpetua defensio contra Scaevolam,
Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221:orationem illam egregiam quam (Aeschines) in Ctesiphontem contra Demosthenem dixerat,
id. ib. 3, 56, 213.—Of an address against the party, either in judicial or political affairs:c.unam orationem contra Gracchum reliquit,
Cic. Brut. 26, 99:(Demosthenis) oratio contra Leptinem... contra Aeschinem falsae legationis,
id. Or. 31, 111; Gell. 10, 24, 10; 10, 18, 91; Cic. Brut. 46, 169; Quint. 12, 10, 61; Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 45; id. Brut. 44, 164; Gell. 13, 25 (24), 15; cf. Quint. 4, 3, 13; 11, 2, 25.—Acc. to 1. f.:C.contra patres concitatio et seditio,
Cic. Brut. 14, 56.—Of animals:contra volpium genus communibus inimicitiis,
Plin. 10, 76, 96, § 207.With inanimate and abstract objects.1.Directly dependent on verbs (cf. B. 1.).a.Of physical or moral exertion:b.cum fulmina contra Tot paribus streperet clipeis,
Verg. A. 10, 567:pugnandum tamquam contra morbum, sic contra senectutem,
Cic. Sen. 11, 35:contra verum niti,
Sall. J. 35, 8:contra fortunam luctari,
Sen. Ben. 7, 15, 2; id. Brev. Vit. 10, 1; id. Ep. 78, 15; 99, 32; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110.—Of warfare (lit. and trop.):c.bellum contra aras, focos, vitam fortunasque gerere,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:bellum gerimus... contra arma verbis,
id. Fam. 12, 22, 1.—So of logical contradictions:artificis autem est invenire in actione adversarii quae semet ipsa pugnent,
Quint. 5, 13, 30.—Of legal contention.(α).Of the actions of the counsel or prosecutor: dicere, or perorare, agere contra aliquid, to plead against, contest something:(β).contra argumenta, rumores, tabulas, quaestiones (opp. ab argumentis, etc.),
Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9 sqq.; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118:contra ratiocinationem,
id. Inv. 2, 50, 153: contra scriptum dicere, to contest, controvert a written law or a document, id. ib. 2, 47, 138; 2, 48, 143; id. Brut. 39, 145; Quint. 7, 7, 1:contra caput dicere,
to plead against life, Cic. Quint. 13, 44 (cf.:servum in caput domini interrogare,
Paul. Sent. 1, 1, 34; 5, 16, 5 and 8; 5, 46, 3): contra libertatem agere, Dig. 40, 12, 26.—Pregn.:contra rerum naturam, contraque consuetudinem hominum dicere (opp. contra nos dicere),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 45.—Of judicial decisions contradicting documents, etc.:(γ).contra tabulas judicare,
Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 281:contra testamentum,
Dig. 2, 17, § 1:contra sententiam dicere,
ib. 49, 8, 1, § 2.—Admittere aliquem contra bona, to admit a petition for bonorum possessio (cf.:d.inmittere in bona),
Dig. 38, 2, 3, § 6.—Of antagonism in literary and ethical questions.(α).To contend that something is false:(β).dicere, disputare, disserere contra opinionem or sententiam,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 5, 19, 55; id. de Or. 3, 18, 67; id. Fin. 5, 4, 10; id. Ac. 2, 18, 60; Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 3; id. Ep. 87, 5; 102, 5 (cf.:in sententiam dicere,
in support of an opinion, Caes. B. G. 1, 45):contra sensus dicere,
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 101:contra rhetoricen dicere,
Quint. 2, 17, 40.—Of criticism, hostility to principles, etc.:(γ).contra Iliadem et Odysseam scribere,
Vitr. 7, praef. 8:contra quorum disciplinam ingenium ejus exarserat,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 29, 83.—Ethically:e.contra voluptatem dicere,
that pleasure is a moral evil, Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 21:contra mortem loqui,
that death is no evil, Sen. Ep. 82, 7;in both senses: contra vitia, pericula, fortunam, ambitionem,
id. ib. 100, 10:contra fortunam gloriari,
that fortune has no power over him, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; Sen. Ep. 26, 5.—Of public and political acts and speeches:f.contra potentiam accusatorum dicere,
Cic. Brut. 44, 164:contra legem dicere or verba facere,
id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 53; Liv. 34, 8, 1:rogationem ferre contra coloniam ( = contra legem de colonia deducenda),
Cic. Clu. 51, 140; Auct. Her. 1, 17, 21; Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64.—Of hostility, injury, wrongs, etc.(α).In gen.:(β).senatusconsulto quod contra dignitatem tuam fieret,
directed against, Cic. Fam. 12, 29, 2:contra rem publicam se commovere,
id. Cat. 1, 26; 1, 3, 7:incitari,
id. Sest. 47, 100:consilia inire,
id. Agr. 2, 3, 8:conjurationem facere,
Sall. C. 30, 6:contra salutem urbis incitari,
Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20:cogitare aliquid contra salutem,
id. ib. 3, 9, 21: contra voluntatem or studium dicere, to oppose one's will in a speech:esse aliquem in civitate qui contra ejus (Chrysogoni) voluntatem dicere auderet,
id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60; id. Phil. 1, 11, 28; id. de Or. 3, 34, 138; id. Mur. 4, 10; Tac. H. 2, 91:ne quid contra aequitatem contendas, ne quid pro injuria,
do not array yourself against equity, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71.— Trop.:quis non contra Marii arma, contra Suliae proscriptionem irascitur? ( = Mario propter arma, Sullae propter proscriptionem),
Sen. Ira, 2, 2, 3.—In partic.: facere contra aliquid (syn. adversus), to commit an offence against, to transgress, etc.:2.si quis ad Antonium profectus esset... senatus existimaturum eum contra rem publicam fecisse,
Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 33; id. Mil. 5, 13; 6, 14; id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 3, 25, 95; S. C. ap. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 6; Liv. 25, 4, 7; so,contra salutem rei publicae facere,
Cic. Dom. 38, 102:contra majestatem,
against the emperor, Dig. 48, 4, 5:contra leges,
Cic. Dom. 18, 48; id. Vatin. 7, 18; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Mur. 32, 67; id. de Or. 3, 19, 70; cf. id. Clu. 34, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; id. Dom. 14, 38; id. Phil. 10, 6, 13; Gai Inst. 4, 121:contra edictum (praetoris),
Cic. Verr 2, 3, 10, § 25; Dig. 39, 1, 20, § 1:contra foedus,
Cic. Balb. 6, 16:contra jusjurandum ac fidem,
id. Off. 3, 10, 43; id. Lael. 3, 30, 74; id. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 7; Prop. 3, 30, 44 (2, 32, 44).—And ironically:tune contra Caesaris nutum (sc. facies)?
Cic. Att. 14, 10, 1.—Rarely contra ea facere = contra facere, adverb. (cf. I. B. 8. and II. E. 1. b.):corpus in civitatem inferri non licet... et qui contra ea fecerit, extra ordinem punitur,
Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 2; 1, 21, 12.—Predicatively with esse (usu. impers.), in violation of, in conflict with, contrary to (cf. 3. g).(α).With esse expressed as the predicate:(β).hominem hominis incommodo suum augere commodum magis est contra naturam quam mors,
Cic. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Fin. 3, 9, 31; id. N. D. 3, 13, 33; Sen. Ep. 5, 4; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 45:contra leges or legem est,
Cic. Pis. 13, 30; id. Mur. 32, 67:contra officium est,
id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 1, 10, 32; 1, 6, 19; cf. id. Lael. 11, 39; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Liv. 6, 40, 5; Sen. Q. N. 2, 37, 2; Gai Inst. 3, 157; Dig. 30, 1, 112, § 3; 16, 3, 1, § 7.—With ellipsis of object (naturam), Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 89; cf.:adeo res ista non habet ullam moram quae contra causas ignium sit,
unfavorable to the formation of fire, Sen. Q. N. 2, 26, 7.—With verbal predicate, referring to an indef. pron. or adj., with esse understood:(γ).scis hunc... nihil umquam contra rem tuam cogitasse ( = nihil quod contra rem tuam esset),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 147; id. Mil. 5, 13:aliquid contra animum audiendi,
something against our liking, Sen. Const. 19, 2.—So mostly with facere:si quid Socrates aut Aristippus contra morem consuetudinemque fecerint,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148; id. Att. 3, 23, 2; 2, 22, 2; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Sall. C. 15, 1; Dig. 8, 2, 11; 8, 2, 17; 35, 1, 79, § 2. —Contra officium, substantively, = id quod contra officium est:3.Sic inter recte factum atque peccatum, officium et contra officium, media locabat quaedam,
Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37.—Adverbially with the predicate.(α).In order to oppose, in opposition to, with hostile intent (cf. B. 3.):(β).eidem illam proscriptionem capitis mei contra salutem rei publicae rogatam esse dicebant,
that the proposal of the law was an attack on the republic, Cic. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 35; id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:imperator contra postulata Bocchi nuntios mittit,
to reply to the demands, Sall. J. 83, 3; 25, 6; so,advocare contra,
Sen. Cons. Polyb. 12, 4; id. Ep. 15, 2, 52:si contra mortem te praeparaveris,
to meet death, id. ib. 11, 3, 8.—With the force of a clause of manner, injuriously to, etc.:(γ).quibus contra valetudinis commodum laborandum est,
Cic. Mur. 23, 47; Suet. Aug. 78:contra hominis salutem,
with danger to a man's life, Cod. Just. 7, 62, 29.—In gen., of conflict with some rule or principle, contrary to, in violation of, without regard to ( = ita ut contra sit; cf. 2. supra; very freq. from the class. period;4.syn. adversus): ceperitne pecunias contra leges P. Decius,
Cic. de Or. 2, 31, 136; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10; id. Fl. 34, 86:pecuniam contra leges auferre,
id. Verr. 1, 18, 56; 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 5, 18, § 46; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:contra legem,
id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8; id. Dom. 16, 41:contra jus fasque,
id. Har. Resp. 16, 34; id. Quint. 6, 28:contra jus,
Liv. 5, 4, 14; id. Dom. 13, 55; id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:contra jus gentium,
Liv. 4, 32, 5; 9, 10, 10; 21, 25, 7; 5, 36, 6;6, 1, 6: contra juris rigorem,
Dig. 40, 5, 24, § 10 et saep.:contra testimonium aliquid judicare,
without regard to, Cic. Brut. 31, 117:aliquid contra verecundiam disputare,
contrary to the rules of decency, id. Off. 1, 35, 128:aliquid contra fidem constituere,
Quint. 5, 13, 34:quae majores nostri contra lubidinem animi sui recte atque ordine fecere,
contrary to the dictates of passion, Sall. C. 51, 4; id. J. 33, 1; cf. of logical opposition, II. E. 2. infra.—Dependent on substt.a.Of physical strife:b.scit ille imparem sibi luctatum contra nexus (draconis),
Plin. 8, 12, 12, § 33. —Of warfare:c.imperatorum copia contra tuum furorem,
Cic. Mur. 39, 83:Parthorum gloria contra nomen Romanum,
Liv. 9, 18, 6: in castris perditorum contra patriam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 6.—Of legal contention:d.causa contra scriptum,
Cic. Inv. 2, 46, 135.—Of political speaking:e.divina M. Tullii eloquentia contra leges agrarias,
Quint. 2, 16, 7; 9, 3, 50; Gell. 18, 7, 7.—Of literary opposition:f.Caesaris vituperatio contra laudationem meam,
Cic. Att. 12, 40, 1.—Of hostility, etc.:g.cujus factum, inceptum, conatumve contra patriam,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:ullum factum dictumve nostrum contra utilitatem vestram,
Liv. 6, 40, 5.—Of injury:h.vitae cupiditas contra rem publicam,
Cic. Planc. 37, 90: contra serpentes venenum, fatal to serpents, or as a defence against serpents, Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 15.—Of violation, disregard, etc. (cf. 3. g):5.iter contra senatus auctoritatem,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 48:contra consuetudinem somnium,
Plin. 10, 77, 98, § 211:bonorum possessio contra tabulas,
Dig. 37, 4, 3, § 13; Gai Inst. 3, 41.—Dependent on adjectives (very rare; cf.D.II. D. 2. c. infra): contraque patris impii regnum impotens, avum resolvam,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 966.Of defence, protection, and resistance (syn.: adversus, ab).1.Against persons.a.Dependent on verbs:b.cum populus Romanus suam auctoritatem vel contra omnes qui dissentiunt possit defendere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 63: si ego consul rem publicam [p. 457] contra te et gregales tuos defendissem, id. Sest. 52, 111; 22, 49; 8, 20; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45:contra quem multum omnes boni providerunt,
provided a great defence, id. Mur. 38, 81: formula qua utitur patronus contra libertum qui eum in jus vocat, as a defence against, Gai Inst. 4, 46. —And of protection of plants against injurious animals:contra haec animalia proderit, si, etc.,
Pall. 10, 3, 2.—Dependent on adjectives, mostly participial:2.paratus contra,
Cic. Mil. 21, 56:nihil satis firmum contra Metellum,
Sall. J. 80, 1:contra potentes nemo est munitus satis,
Phaedr. 2, 6, 1.—Against inanimate and abstract things.a.Dependent on verbs:b.contra avium morsus munitur vallo aristarum,
Cic. Sen. 15, 51:propugnaculum, quo contra omnes meos impetus usurum se putat,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 40; 2, 5, 39, § 102:publicam causam contra vim armatam suscipere,
id. Dom. 34, 91; id. Quint. 30, 94; id. Leg. 3, 3, 9:contra tantas difficultates providere,
Sall. J. 90, 1; 76, 4; so,contra ea,
id. ib. 57, 5:patricii vi contra vim resistunt,
Liv. 3, 13, 4; Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 28; Tac. Agr. 45; Sen. Prov. 4, 12; id. Const. 5, 4.—Dependent on substt.:c.suffragia contra oppugnationem vestrae majestatis,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 12, 35:defensio contra vim,
id. Mil. 5, 14:patronus justitiae fuit contra orationem Phili,
id. Lael. 7, 25; Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 30; 14, 3, 4, § 40:contra labores patientia,
id. 23, 1, 22, § 37.—Dependent on adjectives (in Cic. freq. with P. a. predicatively used; otherwise very rare;3.in later prose freq.): nec est quidquam Cilicia contra Syriam munitius,
against an attack from the side of Syria, Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 4:ut nullius res tuta, nullius domus clausa, nullius vita saepta, nullius pudicitia munita contra tuam cupiditatem posset esse,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; id. Mil. 25, 67; id. Tusc. 5, 8, 19; 5, 27, 76:vir contra audaciam firmissimus,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Sall. J. 33, 2; 28, 5:fortis contra dolorem,
Sen. Ep. 98, 18; Quint. 12, 1, 10:callosus,
Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 147; 14, 2, 4, § 23:far contra hiemes firmissimum,
id. 18, 8, 19, § 83:equus tenax contra vincula,
Ov. Am. 3, 4, 13:contraque minantia fata pervigil,
Claud. I. Cons. Stil. 1, 284.—Of remedies against sickness and its causes, poison, etc.; so only in Plin.; in Pall. only of preventives and of protection against hurtful animals, and against mental perturbations in gen.; cf. infra (syn. ad in Cat., Cic., Cels., Col.; adversus only in Celsus, who also has in with abl.).(α).Dependent on verbs:(β).cujus et vinum et uva contra serpentium ictus medetur,
Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 117; 7, 2, 2, § 13:prodest et contra suspiria et tussim,
id. 20, 13, 50, § 128:valet potum contra venena,
id. 28, 7, 21, § 74; 29, 4, 22, § 71; 29, 4, 26, § 81; 28, 8, 27, § 98; 16, 37, 71, § 180; 35, 6, 14, § 34; 28, 6, 18, §§ 65-67.—Dependent on substt.:(γ).remedium contra morsus,
Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 118; 10, 59, 79, § 163:contra venena esse omnia remedio,
id. 16, 44, 95, § 251; 17, 24, 37, § 240; 7, 1, 1, § 4.—Dependent on adjectives:(δ).vinum quod salutare contra pestilentiam sit,
Pall. 11, 14, 17.—Appositively, as a remedy:E.cujus lacteum succum miris laudibus celebrat... contra serpentes et venena,
Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 16; 29, 4, 26, § 83. —So of remedies against affections:Tiberium tonante caelo coronari ea (lauro) solitum ferunt contra fulminum metus,
Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 135; cf. Sen. Ira, 2, 21, 1; id. Tranq. 5. 1.Of logical opposition.1.With a neuter demonstrative (contra ea, contra haec, contra quae, quod contra = contra, adv.).a.The contrary, the reverse (very rare; cf.b.I. D. 1.): sed mihi contra ea videtur,
but to me the contrary seems true, Sall. J. 85, 1:omnia quae contra haec sunt, omnia quae contra sunt,
and vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 90. —Contra ea, on the contrary, in logical antithesis (not in Cic. and Sall.; once in Caes. and Quint.; several times in Liv. and Nep.; cf.: contra ea, in other uses, II. A. 2. e. a, II. D. 2. a., II. A. 3. d., II. C. 1. f.):c.omnes arderent cupiditate pugnandi... contra ea Caesar... spatiumque interponendum... putabat ( = at contra),
but Caesar on the contrary, Caes. B. C. 3, 74: superbe ab Samnitibus... legati prohibiti commercio sunt;contra ea benigne ab Siculorum tyrannis adjuti,
Liv. 4, 52, 6; 2, 60, 1; 21, 20, 6;44, 43, 5: pater... Thracem me genuit, contra ea mater Atheniensem,
Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4; id. praef. 6; id. Alcib. 8, 1.—And after a question, with immo (cf. I. E. 5. b.):an infirmissimi omnium... (sumus)? Immo contra ea vel viribus nostris, vel, etc., tuti (sumus),
Liv. 41, 24, 8.—Quod contra, by anastrophe (v. F. 1.), contrary to which, whereas, while on the contrary (only once in Lucr. and three times in Cic.):2.illud in his rebus vereor ne forte rearis, Inpia te rationis inire elementa viamque indugredi sceleris: quod contra saepius illa Religio peperit scelerosa atque impia facta,
whereas on the contrary, Lucr. 1, 81:cujus a me corpus crematum est, quod contra decuit ab illo meum (sc. cremari),
Cic. Sen. 23, 84:quod contra oportebat delicto dolere, correctione gaudere,
id. Lael. 24, 90 (B. and K. place a comma after oportebat; cf.Nauck ad loc.): reliquum est ut eum nemo judicio defenderit: quod contra copiosissime defensum esse contendi,
id. Quint. 28, 87 (many consider contra in all these passages as an adverb; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 121 sq.; some explain quod as an ancient ablative, = qua re;v. Ritschl,
Plaut. Exc. p. 57, Munro ad Lucr. 1, 82).—With an abstract noun, with the force of the adverb contra with ac or atque (I. F. 1.), contrary to, contrary to what, etc. (esp. in Sall., not in Cic.; cf. praeter): celeriter contraque omnium opinionem confecto itinere, contrary to the opinion ( = contra ac rati erant), Caes. B. G. 6, 30:F.contra opinionem Jugurthae ad Thalam perveniunt,
Sall. J. 75, 9; Hirt. B. G. 8, 40.—Contra spem either contrary to the opinion, or against the hope:Metellus contra spem suam laetissume excipitur ( = contra ac ratus, veritus est),
Sall. J. 88, 1; so,cetera contra spem salva invenit,
Liv. 9, 23, 17:contra spem omnium L. Furium optavit,
id. 6, 25, 5; Curt. 8, 4, 45;but: at Jugurtha contra spem nuntio accepto ( = contra ac speraverat),
Sall. J. 28, 1; Liv. 24, 45, 3:postquam... Jugurtha contra timorem animi praemia sceleris adeptum sese videt,
Sall. J. 20, 1:ipse in Numidiam procedit, ubi contra belli faciem tuguria plena hominumque... erant ( = contra ac in bello evenire solet),
id. ib. 46, 5:contra famam,
Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 126; 7, 53, 54, § 180:segniterque et contra industriam absconditae formicae,
slowly, and in a manner different from their usual activity, id. 18, 35, 88, § 364.—Of persons:frigidam potionem esse debere, contra priores auctores, Asclepiades confirmavit,
contrary to the opinion of the former physicians, Cels. 4, 26 (19).Sometimes by anastrophe after its noun.1.In prose, after relatives, esp. in Cic.:2.quos contra disputant,
Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 47:quem contra dicit,
id. Phil. 2, 8, 18 (v. II. B. 1. f.):quem contra veneris,
id. Mur. 4, 9:quas contra, praeter te, etc.,
id. Vatin. 7, 18:eos ipsos quos contra statuas,
id. Or. 10, 34:quos contra me senatus armavit,
id. Att. 10, 8, 8:quam contra multa locutus est,
Sen. Ep. 82, 7, Plin. Ep. 1, 23, 3; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 332; v. also E. 1. c. supra.—After other words ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):hunc igitur contra mittam contendere causam,
Lucr. 4, 471:dicere eos contra,
id. 4, 484:donique eum contra,
id. 5, 708:agmina contra,
Verg. A. 12, 279:magnum Alciden contra,
id. ib. 5, 414:Paridem contra,
id. ib. 5, 370:Italiam contra,
id. ib. 1, 13:deos contra,
Ov. P. 1, 1, 26:Messania moenia contra,
id. M. 14, 17:litora Calabriae contra,
Tac. A. 3, 1. -
38 contra dicta
contrā, adv. and prep. [stem con, i. e. cum, through a comparative form conter; cf.: alter, uter, inter, praeter, etc.; in abl. fem. form like the locative adverbs ea, qua, etc.; cf.: ultra, intra, extra, citra], orig., in comparison with; hence, over against, fronting, in front, opposite, in opposition to, against, contrary to, opposed to, etc.I.Adv. (referring to an opposed object often with the force of a preposition with ellipsis of a pronoun, = against it, against him, etc.).A.Local.1.Lit., of position in front of a person, place, or thing.a.With verb of being or position expressed or understood.(α).Referring to living beings, opposite, in face of, face to face, facing, in front of, fronting, confronting (not in Cic., Caes., or Sall.):(β).feminam scelestam te, adstans contra, contuor,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 26:ut confidenter mihi contra adstitit,
id. Capt. 3, 5, 6; Lucr. 4, 223; 6, 929:signum contra, quoad longissume oculi ferebant, animo finivit,
Liv. 1, 18, 8:stat contra starique jubet,
Juv. 3, 290:stat contra dicitque tibi tua pagina Fures!
Mart. 1, 55, 12:ulmus erat contra,
in front of her, Ov. M. 14, 661:templa vides contra,
in front (of us), id. ib. 7, 587.—Of position in front of the enemy:contra conserta manu,
Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 3: contra consistere, to make front against them, Caes. B. G. 2, 17.—Referring to things and places, over against (it), opposite (to it), on the opposite side (mostly post-Aug.):b.contra jacet Cancer patulam distentus in alvum,
Manil. 2, 253:posita contra Hispania,
Tac. Agr. 11:promuntorium quod contra procedit,
Plin. 4, 2, 3, § 6: relinquendae autem contra erunt vacuae tabellae, on the opposite side, i. e. of the leaf, Quint. 10, 3, 32: illo quaerente cur non decidant contra siti, the antipodes (cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; v. II. A. 1. c. a), Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161.—With the governing verb understood:arguam hanc vidisse apud te contra conservum meum,
face to face, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 91:jam omnia contra circaque hostium plena erant, Liv 5, 37, 8: eadem verba contra (i. e. ponuntur),
side by side, Quint. 9, 3, 36; Verg. A. 6, 23.—With verbs of motion, so as to be opposite to an object or face to face with a person, variously rendered.(α).Referring to persons:(β).accede ad me atque adi contra,
come right up to me, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 23; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 6: hostes crebri cadunt; nostri contra ingruunt, advance to their front (in Plaut. hostility is not implied in contra), id. Am. 1, 1, 84: quis nos pater aut cognatu' volet contra tueri, face to face, eye to eye, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 12 Mull. (Trag. Rel. v. 444 Rib.); Att. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 55 (Trag. Rel. v. 538 ib.):adspicedum contra me = contra adspice me,
Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 56 Lorenz ad lec.:contra adspicere,
id. Mil. 2, 1, 45:contra intueri,
Liv. 1, 16, 6; 9, 6, 8; Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 6:cum veniret contra Marcianus,
Quint. 6, 3, 95; Plin. 9, 46, 70, § 152.—Of things:2.hic ubi sol radiis... Adversa fulsit nimborum aspergine contra,
Lucr. 6, 525; Cels. 8, 8, 1:quam (turrim) promoti contra validi asseres... perfregere,
Tac. H. 4, 30.—Reciprocally: oscula non pervenientia contra, not coming through (the wall) so as to meet, Ov. M. 4, 80.—Transf. to equivalents of weight, value, and price; so,(α).In Plaut. only in the colloq. phrases auro contra, aurichalco contra, and contra auro (sc. posito); lit., for gold placed against; cf.:(β).aes contrarium, s. v. contrarius: (servus) non carus'st auro contra,
at his weight in gold, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30: jam auro contra constat filius, id. Truc. 2, 6, 57 (Speng. aurichalco): auro contra cedo modestum amatorem! A me aurum accipe. Pa. Cedo mihi contra aurichalco quoi ego sano serviam, id. Curc. 1, 3, 45 sq.; id. Mil. 3, 1, 63; 4, 2, 85; id. Ps. 2, 3, 23.—In post-Aug. prose (very rare):3.at si aquae et ejus rei quam contra pensabis par pondus erit, nec pessum ibit, nec exstabit, etc.,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—Of reciprocal actions, = vicissim, in turn, in return, back, on my, his, etc., part, likewise, counter-.(α).In gen.:(β).te ut deludam contra, lusorem meum,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:quae me amat, quam ego contra amo,
id. Merc. 5. 2, 77; id. Cist. 1, 1, 96; id. Trin. 4, 2, 55; id. As. 2, 2, 110:qui arguat se, eum contra vincat jurejurando suo,
make a victorious counter-charge, id. Mil. 2, 2, 37:si laudabit haec Illius formam, tu hujus contra (i. e. lauda),
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 54:audi nunc contra jam,
listen in turn, id. Phorm. 4, 4, 18; id. Ad. 5, 4, 23:at tu mihi contra nunc videre fortunatus, Phaedria, Cui, etc.,
you likewise seem fortunate to me, id. Phorm. 1, 3, 21:Mettius Tullo gratulatur, contra Tullus Mettium benigne alloquitur,
Liv. 1, 28, 1:contra ut me diligat illa,
Cat. 76. 23; Hor. S. 1, 3, 27 Orell. ad loc.—Hence, with ellipsis of inquit, = respondit:cui latrans contra senex,
Phaedr. 5, 10, 7:scietis, inquam, etc., contra Nigrinus: ad quem missi sunt? ego, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 4.—Rarely with inquit, etc., expressed: at ille contra, renidens, Audi, inquit, discipule, etc.,
Gell. 15, 9, 9; cf.:contra talia reddit,
Claud. B. Gild. 379.—With dat. pers.:(γ).consulo quem dolum doloso contra conservo parem,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 45:facere contra huic aegre,
Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 10:hiscine contra insidiabere?
id. Hec. 1. 1, 13:tibi contra gratiam Referre,
id. ib. 4, 2, 7.—With item:(δ).item a me contra factum est,
Plaut. Aul. prol. 20:puellam senex Amat et item contra filius,
id. Cas. prol. 49; id. Pers. 5, 2, 36; id. Am. 1, 1, 67; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 25.—Combining a reciprocal with a local relation (A. 1. a. a, and b. a): contra carinantes verba, exchanging abusive words ( face to face), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 181 Vahl.): tubae utrimque contra canunt;(ε).Consonat terra,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 73; 1, 1, 86:confer gradum Contra pariter,
id. Ps. 2, 4, 18; id. Truc. 1, 2, 28:video amicam... Ubi contra adspexit me, etc.,
id. Mil. 2, 1, 45; Verg. E. 7, 8; cf. Lucr. 4, 243:vesper adest, juvenes consurgite!... Cernitis, innuptae, juvenes? consurgite contra!
Cat. 62, 6.—Implying also opposition: Pe. Conpellabo. Ph. Orationis aciem contra conferam, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 20:B.si scias quod donum huic dono contra comparet,
what counter gift, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 63: quod Scipio postulavit... ut, etc. Et quod contra collega postulavit ne, etc., Annal. Trib. Pleb. ap. Gell. 7 (6), 19, 5:si vobis aequa et honesta postulatio videtur, ego contra brevem postulationem adfero,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 7; Nep. Epam. 6, 1;Auct. B. Alex. 24: illo licente contra liceri audeat nemo,
to bid in opposition, Caes. B. G. 1, 18; Liv. 4, 53, 6:agedum pauca accipe contra,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 38.—So in battle:Numidae... Romanorum ordines conturbare... neque contra feriundi copia erat,
Sall. J. 50, 4; and in law: et ab eo is qui adoptat vindicat... et illo contra non vindicante, etc., Gai Inst. 1, 134; 2, 24.—Esp. in replies:oratio contra a Demosthene pro Ctesiphonte edita,
Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213:dicit accusator haec: primum, etc.... quid contra reus?
id. Clu. 30, 81; id. Fin. 5, 22, 63; Curt. 4, 1, 10; 7, 9, 1.Of opposition, strife, etc., against; constr. absol., with dat., and ne, quominus or quin.1.Of physical exertion.(α).Lit.:(β).concurrunt... aetheriae nubes contra pugnantibu' ventis,
struggling against each other, Lucr. 6. 98:nec nos obniti contra... Sufficimus,
bear up, battle against, Verg. A. 5, 21; Ov. M. 9, 50; 2, 434:at ille contra nititur,
resists, Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 103; 7, 20, 19, § 82:pars remigum, tamquam imperitia... officia nautarum impediebant. Mox contra tendere,
rowed in an opposite direction, Tac. H. 4, 16.—Trop.:2.te rogo ne contrahas ac demittas animum, neque te obrui tamquam fluctu... sinas, contraque erigas ac resistas,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4:et torrens judicem vel nitentem contra feret, cogatque ire qua rapiet,
Quint. 12, 10, 61.— With ne: vi contra niti, ne advorsus eum fiat, Cato ap. Gell. 7 (6), 3, 16.—With quominus, Lucr. 1, 780.—Of mental exertion:3.si tibi vera videntur, Dede manus, aut, si falsum est, accingere contra,
arm yourself against them, Lucr. 2, 1043; 2, 280. —With dat.:siti contra... pugnandum,
Cels. 4, 2 fin. —Of hostile opposition in gen.(α).Lit.:(β).quod animadversum est in eo qui contra omni ratione pugnarunt, non debeo reprehendere,
who made opposition in every way, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137; id. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107:contra etiam aliquid abs te profectum ex multis audivi,
something inimical, id. Fam. 5, 5, 2.—Trop.:4.aut alio quovis (sc. colore) qui contra pugnet et obstet,
Lucr. 2, 794; 2, 868.—Of warfare.(α).Lit.:(β).ut eos adversarios existimemus qui arma contra ferant,
Cic. Off. 1, 25, 87; 1, 12, 37; Vell. 2, 28, 4; cf.:quid quod exercitum contra duxit?
Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23:ut si qua ex parte obviam contra veniretur, acie instructa depugnarent,
if they should be attacked by an open charge, Caes. B. G. 7, 28:issentque confestim ad urbem ni venire contra exercitum... audissent,
Liv. 7, 39, 17:cum Romanae legiones contra direxerint,
would oppose their march, Tac. H. 4, 58; id. A. 6, 44.—With dat.:et huic contra itum ad amnem Erinden,
Tac. A. 11, 10.—Trop.:5.quod ubi viderunt corvi, contra auxiliantur, velut adversus communem hostem,
Plin. 10, 74, 95, § 205.—Of legal contests.(α).With verbs of saying; v. 9. a.—(β).Venire contra, of any legal act with the intention to hurt the adversary:(γ).quid? si omnium mortalium Sthenio nemo inimicior quam hic C. Claudius... fuit? si de litteris corruptis contra venit, etc.?
if he made a charge of forgery against him? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; cf. II. B. c. b.—On the part of the adversary:(δ).inveniendum contra est, quo distet haec causa a ceteris,
Quint. 5, 10, 114; 9, 2, 35; 12, 8, 10.—Of judgments against the parties or against opinions:6.ne spoliaret fama probatum hominem si contra judicasset,
given an adverse decision, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77; cf. Val. Max. 7, 2, 4; Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—Of literary opposition.(α).Mostly with verbs of saying; v. 9. a. g.—(β).With other verbs:7.astrologorum artem contra convincere tendit,
Lucr. 5, 728:contra nunc illud pone, etc.,
Sen. Ben. 7, 14, 6:habeat (liber meus) etiam quosdam qui contra sentiant et adversentur,
some dissentients and opponents, Quint. 3, 1, 5; 2, 17, 40; 3, 8, 69.—Of public and political opposition.(α).With verbs of saying; v. 9. a. d.—(β).With petere, to be a candidate for office in opposition to another:8.nihil enim supererat de quo certarent, nihil quod contra peterent,
no office was left for which to canvass against each other, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91:honores contra petere,
Quint. 6, 1, 17.—With ire, with dat., of an opposing vote in the senate (cf.:pedibus ire): sententia Cassii ut nemo unus contra ire ausus est, ita dissonae voces respondebant,
Tac. A. 14, 45.—Of violation of law, contracts, etc.: contra facere, or contra committere, to violate, transgress a law, etc.: leges esse non ex ejus qui contra commiserit utilitate, spectari oportere, not in the interest of the transgressor, Cic. Inv. 2, 48, 153:9.si quis sub hoc pacto vendiderit ancillam ne prostitueretur, et si contra factum esset,
and if the contract was violated, Dig. 18, 1, 56.—With verbs of saying, etc., contra dicere; less freq. disputare, disserere, pugnare, in the sense of dicere, and contra scribere (often contradico, in one word, in post-Aug. writers; esp. with dat.).a.Absol.(α).Contra dicere, to speak as counsel of the adversary, to plead his cause, in legal proceedings:(β).cum contra dicturus Hortensius esset,
would speak on the other side, Cic. Quint. 24, 77:hoc... contra dicente Cotta judicatum est,
id. Caecin. 33, 97:dixisse ut contra nemo videretur,
id. Brut. 53, 198: ut contra Crassus... exorsus est, began on the other side, id. ib. § 197.—Hence: qui contra dicit, the adversary or counsel of the adversary:contra autem qui dicet, similitudinem infirmare debebit,
Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 151; id. Part. Or. 21, 108.—In the same sense: agens contra: si nos... impares agentium contra ingeniis dixerimus, that we are unequal to the talents of our adversary's counsel, [p. 453] Quint. 4, 1, 8.—To make charges against (rare):(γ).si qui contra vellet dicere, usurum esse eum suo testimonio,
Cic. Clu. 48, 134:qua ratione nemo neque tum item fecerit, neque nunc contra dicat,
id. Quint. 29, 88; so,contra disputare, of objections to or against a witness: nihil contra disputabo priusquam dixerit,
id. Fl. 21, 51.—In gen., to speak on the other side of a question:(δ).fiebat autem ita, ut cum is qui audire vellet dixisset quid sibi videretur, tum ego contra dicerem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; id. Fin. 2, 1, 2; so,contra disputare and contra scribere,
id. Or. 1, 19, 85; Vitr. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 2, 17, 13; Dig. 9, 2, 21, § 1.—Hence: qui contra dicunt or disputant, the opponents:nec qui contra dicunt causam difficilem repellunt,
Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 2:ad coarguendos qui contra disputant,
to refule his opponents, Quint. 2, 15, 26.—To oppose or object to a proposition, motion, or petition:(ε). (ζ).quam palam principes dixerunt contra!
protested against it, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41; Caes. B. C. 1, 32; Cic. Clu. 47, 130.—With pugnare:cum decerneretur frequenti senatu, contra pugnante Pisone, etc.,
Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5:filius ejus incolumitatem optat: contradicit pater,
the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 85; 9, 2, 83; Plin. ap. Gell. 9, 16, 5; Cic. Dom. 33, 87:contradicente nullo,
Suet. Caes. 20; Dig. 3, 3, 15.—Abl. absol. impers.:b.explorandum videtur an etiam contradicto aliquando judicio consuetudo firmata sit,
whether the custom has been confirmed by judgment upon a judicial contest, Dig. 1, 3, 34.—With acc. neutr. pron., to object, to make or raise an objection, to reply; esp. in legal proceedings:c.ego enim, te disputante, quid contra dicerem meditabar,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 1:ut contra si quid dicere velit non audiatur,
id. Fin. 5, 10, 27:aiebat illum primo sane diu multa contra (i. e. dixisse), ad extremum autem, etc.,
id. Att. 2, 22, 2.— Hence: quod contra dicitur, or quae contra dicuntur, the objections:ut et id quod intenderemus confirmare, et id quod contra diceretur refellere (possemus),
refute the objections, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 90:quia neque reprehendi quae contra dicuntur possunt, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 81, 331; id. Inv. 2, 44, 127; Quint. 1, 2, 17.—In the same sense, as subst.: contrā dicta, orum, n. plur.:seu proposita confirmamus, sive contra dicta dissolvimus,
or refute the objections, Quint. 4, prooem. 6.—With acc. and inf.:dicitur contra, nullum esse testamentum,
the objection is made that there is no testament, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 42.—With dat., written in one word (post-Aug.).(α).To oppose a person by speaking against his views:(β).solitum se etiam Thraseae contradicere,
to oppose even Thrasea, Tac. H. 2, 91:tibi,
Suet. Aug. 54:Curioni...,
id. Rhet. 1. —Hence of answers and replies in law: quid si filium testatoris heres ejus prohibuit? Huic contradici potest: ergo pietatis, etc., he may be answered by this plea, etc., Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—And of advisory answers opposed to one's legal views:volenti mihi ream adulterii postulare eam, etc., contradictum est,
my views were disapproved, rejected, Dig. 48, 5, 11, § 10.—To oppose an opinion, with dat. of the thing:(γ).cum plures tantum sententiis aliorum contradicerent,
opposed the opinions, Tac. H. 1, 39.—To object to a motion or petition, with dat. of the petitioner:(δ).patrem qui damnavit optat ne is torqueatur: pater ei contradicit,
the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 81:cum ambienti ut legibus solveretur multi contradicerent,
Suet. Caes. 18; Dig. 40, 5, 14; 40, 12, 33.—With dat. of the petition:(ε).preces erant, sed quibus contradici non posset,
which could not be denied, Tac. H. 4, 46 fin.; Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 2.—To contest the validity of a law (rare):(ζ).quibus (legibus) contradici potest,
Quint. 7, 7, 4.—To contradict an assertion (very rare):d.pro certis autem habemus... cuicunque adversarius non contradicit,
Quint. 5, 10, 13.—With quin, to object:C.praetor Samnitibus respondit... nec contra dici quin amicitia de integro reconcilietur,
there was no objection to a reconciliation, Liv. 8, 2, 2.To one's disadvantage; mostly predic. with esse, unfavorable, adverse, damaging (post-Aug.;D.but cf. II. B. 2.): ut eum qui responsurus est vel tacere, vel etiam invitum id quod sit contra cogat fateri,
Quint. 7, 3, 14:cum verba (legis) contra sint,
id. 7, 1, 49:sed experimentum contra fuit,
unsuccessful, Tac. H. 2, 97 fin.:ubi fortuna contra fuit,
id. ib. 3, 18:si fortuna contra daret,
should be unfavorable, id. ib. 1, 65 fin.; id. A. 15, 13.Of logical opposition, with negative force.1.Of a direct contrast.a.Predicatively, with esse, fieri, etc., the contrary, the opposite:b.quod fieri totum contra manifesta docet res,
but experience teaches that just the contrary is true, Lucr. 3, 686; 4, 1088:in stultitia contra est,
with fools the reverse is true, Cic. Clu. 31, 84:in hac quidem re vereor ne etiam contra (i. e. sit),
id. Att. 12, 46; id. Off. 1, 15, 49:quod contra est,
Sall. J. 85, 21:quis non credat, etc.? Contra autem est,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 12; id. Ep. 7, 3; Dig. 37, 4, 4:contra fore si, etc.,
ib. 34, 2, 39, § 2:immo forsitan et contra (i. e. erit),
ib. 41, 3, 49:ego contra puto (i. e. esse),
Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 7; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 25.—With evenire, accidere, sentire, scribere, habere, etc.:c.utrumque contra accidit: istic enim bellum est exortum, hic pax consecuta,
of both the contrary has happened, Cic. Fam. 12, 18, 2; so Dig. 38, 2, 51:id ego contra puto (sc.: faciendum esse),
id. Att. 10, 8, 2:contra evenit in iis morbis,
Sen. Ep. 52, 7; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 163:ego contra sentio,
Sen. Clem. 1, 15, 5; Sedig. ap. Gell. 15, 24, 4; Dig. 40, 2, 25:Proculus contra (sc. sentit),
ib. 35, 2, 1, § 14; 33, 7, 25:licet Celsus contra scribat,
ib. 9, 2, 21, § 1: contra probatur, Gai Inst. 2, 78; Dig. 33, 7, 12, § 34.—Very rarely referring to a term in the same clause:cujus disparem mitioremque naturam contra interpretabatur,
interpreted in an opposite sense, misinterpreted, misunderstood, Tac. H. 4, 86 fin. —Referring to a word or phrase in the same predicate.(α).To an adverb, in an opposite manner, otherwise, differently, not, etc.:(β).nam ad summam totius rei pertinet, caute an contra demonstrata res sit,
Cic. de Or. 2, 81, 330: quod viriliter animoque fit, id, etc.;quod contra, id turpe,
id. Off. 1, 27, 94:sit sapienter usus aut contra,
Quint. 2, 5, 15:lactuca locis apricis optume autumno ponitur, mediterraneis aut frigidis contra ( = pessime),
Col. 11, 3, 25.—To a predicative adjective, not, the opposite, the reverse, etc.:(γ).ut aliae (res) probabiles videantur aliae contra,
improbable, Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 103; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:quid est quod me impediat ea quae probabilia mihi videantur sequi, quae contra, improbare,
id. ib. 2, 2, 8; id. Or. 2, 31, 135; Quint. 4, 2, 52.—To a verbal predicate:(δ).an frater fratri exsistat heres, an contra ( = annon),
Dig. 34, 5, 19.—To a subject infinitive:(ε).laudare testem vel contra pertinet ad momentum judiciorum,
praising or censuring a witness, Quint. 3, 7, 2.—To a clause, translated by not or by a repetition of the clause with a negative:(ζ).quae secundum naturam essent, ea sumenda et quadam aestimatione dignanda docebat, contraque contraria,
those that were not, not, Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 36: quod cuidam aut sapiens videor quod una non jerim, aut felix fuisse;mihi contra,
id. Att. 9, 12, 4: an credibile est, incestum cum filia commissum? Et contra, veneficum in noverca, adulterum in luxurioso? and incredible, etc., Quint. 5, 10, 19; so Dig. 9, 1, 2, § 1.—To an attributive genitive:2.Marius cognoscere quid boni utrisque or contra esset (i. e. mali),
Sall. J. 88, 2:verum de origine laudis contraque perspiciemus suo tempore (i. e. vituperationis),
Quint. 2, 4, 21:alii a propositione accusatoris contraque loci oriuntur,
the accuser and the accused, id. 7, 2, 31;so in several titles of the Digests, as Depositi vel contra, = actio depositi, vel contraria actio depositarii,
Dig. 16, 3 tit.; so ib. 16, 17, 1; 16, 13, 6; 16, 13, 7.—Reversing the relation of terms in the preceding sentence, the reverse, conversely, vice versa, etc.a.With its own predicate: saepe... corpus aegret, Cum tamen ex alia laetamur parte latenti;b.Et retro fit uti contra sit saepe vicissim, Cum miser ex animo laetatur corpore toto,
Lucr. 3, 108: illa altera argumentatio, quasi retro et contra, prius sumit, etc., ( proceeding), so to speak, backward and in inverted order, Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46: neque illud ignoro, etc.; sed non idem accidit contra, but the converse is not true, Quint. 8, 6, 3; Gell. 4, 2, 5: ut vocabula verbis, verba rursus adverbiis, nomina appositis et pronominibus essent priora. Nam fit contra quoque frequenter non indecore. for often, not inelegantly, the order is reversed, Quint. 9, 4, 24:quae etiam contra valent,
i. e. if the terms are reversed, id. 3, 7, 25; 9, 2, 49; 8, 6, 25; 9, 4, 72.—Belonging to the same predicate:E.ut quidque erit dicendum ita dicet, nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute, nec item contra,
Cic. Or. 36, 123:cum emtor venditori, vel contra, heres exstitit,
Dig. 35, 2, 48:in quibus patrium pro possessivo dicitur, vel contra,
Quint. 1, 5, 45; 5, 10, 71:junguntur autem aut ex nostro et peregrino, ut biclinium, aut contra, ut epitogium et Anticato,
id. 1, 5, 68:ut capras in montosis potius locis quam in herbidis (pascar), equas contra,
but with mares the reverse is the case, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 16:itaque ille dicere melius quam praecipere, nos contra fortasse possumus,
Cic. Or. 42, 143:qua collegi solent ex his quae faciunt ea quae faciuntur, aut contra,
or vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 80; Dig. 14, 1, 1, § 12; 48, 5, 23, § 4.In logical antithesis of clauses with a merely rhet. force, on the contrary, on the other hand, vice versa; sometimes almost = sed or autem (freq.).1.In independent clauses.a.Opposing persons or parties: fortunam insanam esse... perhibent philosophi... Sunt autem alii philosophi qui contra Fortunam negant ullam exstare, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 372 Rib.); Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68; Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 1:b.ego etiam quae tu sine Verre commisisti Verri crimini daturus sum... Tu, contra, ne quae ille quidem fecit, obicies,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35:ego contra ostendo, non modo nihil fecisse Sex. Roscium, sed, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79; id. Phil. 8, 3, 8; id. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. Fin. 5, 22, 62:in Italia bellum gerimus, in sede ac solo nostro... Hannibal contra in aliena, in hostili est terra,
Liv. 22, 39, 13; 21, 50, 2; 3, 15, 2; 6, 7, 4; 9, 35, 4 et saep.; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; Vell. 2, 31, 4; Sen. Ep. 9, 14; id. Ira, 2, 33, 6; Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 113; Tac. H. 3, 84; 3, 57; Suet. Tib. 2; id. Vit. 2; Just. 2, 1, 10; 8, 4, 11:contra mercator, navim jactantibus austris Militia est potior?
Hor. S. 1, 1, 6; 1, 2, 30; 1, 3, 27; Prop. 2, 1, 45; 2, 23, 13 (3, 17, 3); Sen. Hippol. 214;so with versa vice: barbarae gentes (Alexandrum) non ut hostem, sed ut parentem luxerunt... Contra Macedones versa vice non ut civem, sed ut hostem amissum gaudebant,
Just. 13, 1, 7.—Introducing a secondary or parallel opposition of thought: in loco umidiore far potius serunt quam triticum;2.contra in aridiore hordeum potius quam far,
Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; 1, 1, 47: si nihil esset quod inane vocaret, Omne foret solidum;nisi contra corpora certe Essent, etc., Omne quod est spatium vacuum constaret inane,
Lucr. 1, 521; 4, 348; cf.:justa omnia decora sunt, injusta contra, ut turpia, sic indecora,
Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94; id. N. D. 2, 15, 41; id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; id. Quint. 30, 93: id. Off. 3, 21, 84; id. Leg. 2, 1, 2: facilem esse rem... si modo unum omnes sentiant; contra in dissensione nullam se salutem perspicere, Caes. B. G, 5, 31; Liv. 25, 30, 3; Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 2; Plin. 12, 19, 42, § 92; 11, 14, 14, § 35; Suet. Caes. 73; Gell. 1, 4, 5:si male rem gerere insani est, contra bene, sani,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 74.—In opposition to a dependent clause:3.ut hi miseri, sic contra illi beati quos, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16; so id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; Quint. 9, 3, 39:cui ego rei tantum abest ut impedimento sim, ut contra te M. Manli adhorter, etc.,
Liv. 6, 15, 5; 6, 31, 4:cum virtus adeo neminem spe ac pollicitatione corrumpat, ut contra in se inpendere jubeat, ac, etc.,
Sen. Ben. 4, 1, 2: aut igitur negemus quidquam ratione confici, cum contra nihil sine ratione recte fieri possit, aut, etc., whereas on the contrary, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 38, 84; cf.:at contra,
Lucr. 2, 392.—With co-ordinate conjunctions.a.Copulative, et contra or contraque (never with ac or atque); also nec contra (rare), and on the other hand.(α).With reference to a reason or conclusion, after nam, enim, cum, or itaque: nam et ratione uti... omnique in re quid sit veri videre et tueri decet, contraque falli [p. 454]... tam dedecet quam, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:(β).malus est enim custos... metus, contraque benevolentia fidelis,
id. ib. 2, 7, 23:cum reficiat animos varietas ipsa, contraque sit aliquanto difficilius in labore uno perseverare,
Quint. 1, 12, 4; 3, 8, 32; 8, 6, 20:itaque in probris maxime in promptu est, si quid tale dici potest, etc. Contraque in laudibus, etc.,
Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; cf. Suet. Calig. 51; so with nec:nam nec comoedia cothurnis assurgit, nec contra tragoedia socculo ingreditur,
Quint. 10, 2, 22.—With contrasted examples or illustrations, often after ut or sic:(γ).audivi ex majoribus natu, hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasica, contraque patrem ejus... nullam comitatem habuisse sermonis,
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:ut suspitionibus credi oportere, et contra suspitionibus credi non oportere,
id. Inv. 2, 15, 48; Quint. 8, 4, 1; 5, 10, 48; 9, 3, 7; 9, 4, 52; 11, 1, 14; Sen. Ep. 82, 14; Dig. 17, 1, 22, § 4.—With contrasted actions, assumptions, etc.:(δ).atque utinam qui ubique sunt propugnatores hujus imperii possent in hanc civitatem venire, et contra oppugnatores rei publicae de civitate exterminari!
Cic. Balb. 22, 51:domo pignori data, et area ejus tenebitur... et contra jus soli sequitur aedificium,
Dig. 13, 7, 21:equo et asina genitos mares, hinnos antiqui vocabant: contraque mulos quos asini et equae generassent,
Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 17: ceterum potest ex lege quidem esse judicium, sed legitimum non esse, et contra ex lege non esse, sed legitimum esse, Gai Inst. 4, 109; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161; 35, 15, 5, § 183.—After a negative clause, affirming the opposite idea, et contra or contraque, but on the contrary:b.in quo (consulatu) ego imperavi nihil, et contra patribus conscriptis et bonis omnibus parui,
Cic. Sull. 7, 21:nunc vero cum ne pulsus quidem ita sim ut superare non possim, contraque a populo Romano semper sim defensus, etc.,
id. Dom. 33, 88; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Marcell. 6, 20; so,et contra,
Suet. Tit. 7.—With adversative conjunctions, at contra, sed contra, contra autem, contra vero (not verum contra, nor contra tamen).(α).At contra (freq.), merely a strengthened contra (v. 1. supra): huc accedit uti mellis lactisque liquores Jucundo sensu linguae tractentur in ore;(β).At contra taetri absinthi natura... foedo pertorqueat ora sapore,
Lucr. 2, 400:cogunt,
id. 2, 74; 1, 366; 2, 235 et saep.: nos qui domi sumus, tibi beati videmur;at contra nobis tu quidem... prae nobis beatus,
Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2; id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 66; Sall. J. 36, 2; 4, 7; 15, 3; id. C. 12, 5:ideo siccas aiunt Aethiopiae solitudines... At contra constat Germaniam abundare rivis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 6, 2; 1, 3, 1; id. Ep. 100, 7; Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 186; Suet. Galb. 15; Tac. A. 4, 28.—Sed contra, after a negative sentence (class.):(γ).non quo acui ingenia adulescentium nollem, sed contra ingenia obtundi nolui,
Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 93; id. Att. 9, 15, 3; id. Ac. 1, 10, 35; id. Fl. 11, 26:arma populi Romani non liberis servitutem, sed contra servientibus libertatem adferre,
Liv. 45, 18, 1:tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito,
Verg. A. 6, 95; Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 12.—PostAug. also without a preceding negation:obiisse nostro Laium scelere autumant superi inferique: sed animus contra innocens... negat,
Sen. Oedip. 765; Symm. Ep. 6, 81.—Contra autem (rare;(δ).in Cic. only where different subjects have contrasted predicates in dependent clauses): quia pacis est insigne toga, contra autem arma tumultus atque belli,
Cic. Pis. 30, 73.—In later writers = contra alone:sub septemtrione aedificia... conversa ad calidas partes oportere fieri videntur. Contra autem sub impetu solis meridiani regionibus conversa ad septemtrionem... sunt facienda,
Vitr. 6, 1, 2; Gell. 14, 2, 19; Dig. 7, 1, 25, § 3; 34, 3, 25.—Contra vero (very rare;(ε).not in Cic.), used for contra: contra vero quercus infinitam habet aeternitatem,
Vitr. 2, 9, 8; 6, 1, 3; Cels. 3, 6 fin. —Atqui contra, App. Mag. p. 287, 24.—c.With disjunctive conjunctions, aut contra, vel contra, seu contra, or on the contrary, or conversely (always without change of subject).(α).Aut contra:(β).num aut scriptum neget, aut contra factum infitietur?
Cic. Part. Or. 38, 133: quae (mens) aut languescit... aut contra tumescit, etc., Quint. 1, 2, 18:si imbres defuere, aut contra abundavere,
Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 228.—Vel contra:(γ).hinc enim quaestiones oriuntur: Injuriam fecisti, sed quia magistratus, majestatis actio est? Vel contra: Licuit... quia magistratus?
Quint. 5, 10, 40; 9, 4, 96; Suet. Galb. 3; Dig. 35, 2, 56, § 4; 8, 4, 6.—Seu contra:d.seu tristis veniam, seu contra laetus amicis,
Prop. 1, 11, 25.—With causal conjunctions, nam contra (very rare;4.never contra enim): falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum quod, etc. Nam contra, reputando, neque majus aliud, neque praestabilius invenies,
Sall. J. 1, 1; Quint. 1, 1, 1; 9, 2, 23. —In late Lat., e contra (also one word, ēcontrā) = contra,(α).In the meaning, the contrary (D. 1.):(β).aliis vero econtra videtur,
Hier. Ep. 12.—Et econtra = et contra (E. 3. a.):5.honestiorum provectu et econtra suppliciis,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 39, 45.—For quod contra, v. II. E. 1. c.—With emphatic particles.a.Quin contra, nay on the contrary, opposing an affirmative sentence to a preceding negative statement (quin etiam amplifies without opposition; sed contra opposes without amplification; quin contra both opposes and amplifies);b.not before Livy: num qui enim socordius rempublicam administrari post Calvi tribunatum... quam? etc. Quin contra patricios aliquot damnatos... neminem plebeium,
Liv. 6, 37, 8; 31, 31, 9; 35, 26, 10; 37, 15, 3.—Immo contra (post-Aug.).(α).= no, on the contrary, refuting opinions, after questions and in the form of a dialogue:(β).existimas nunc me detrahere tibi multas voluptates?... Immo contra, nolo tibi umquam deesse laetitiam,
Sen. Ep. 23, 3; Dig. 33, 7, 5; 33, 7, 29.—= sed contra, but on the contrary:c.proinde ne submiseris te, immo contra fige stabilem gradum,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 5, 6; id. Cons. Polyb. 15, 2; cf. prep.:immo contra ea,
Liv. 41, 24, 8; cf. II. E. 1. b. infra.—Item contra = an emphatic et contra (very rare):F.quoniam... beate vivere alii in alio, vos in voluptate ponitis, item contra miseriam in dolore, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 86; cf. I. A. 3. g supra.With a comparative clause introduced by ac, atque, or quam, representing a logical or moral opposition (contra atque debuit = non ita ut debuit; cf. Cic. Or. 3, 19, 70); cf. prep., II. C. 3. g, and II. E. 2. infra.1.Of logical opposition, contrary to, different from, otherwise than; in the best prose only with atque or ac.(α).With atque:(β).item, contra atque apud nos, fieri ad Elephantinem ut neque ficus neque vites amittant folia,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6:simulacrum Jovis, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20; id. Sull. 24, 69:judicium suscepturos contra atque omnis Italia populusque Romanus judicavisset,
Caes. B. C. 3, 12; id. B. G. 4, 13; Plin. 12, 19, 43, § 95.—With ac:(γ).itaque contra est ac dicitis,
Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 41:vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24, 53; so id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11; id. Or. 40, 137:cum contra ac Deiotarus sensit victoria belli judicaret,
id. Phil. 11, 13, 34:Petreius ubi videt, Catilinam, contra ac ratus erat, magna vi tendere, etc.,
Sall. C. 60, 5.—With ac and atque:(δ).si denique aliquid non contra ac liceret factum diceretur, sed contra atque oporteret,
Cic. Balb. 3, 7.—With quam (post-Aug.):2.cui contra quam proposuerat aliqua cesserunt,
Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 5; Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149; 11, 21, 24, § 72; Gell. 6 (7), 8, 6:contra quam licet,
id. 1, 3, 19; Sil. 15, 107.—Of moral opposition of acts contrary to rules and principles (cf. II. 3. g infra); so always with quam:II.mater Aviti, generi sui, contra quam fas erat, amore capta,
contrary to the divine law, Cic. Clu. 5, 12:ut senatus, contra quam ipse censuisset, ad vestitum rediret,
contrary to its own resolution, id. Pis. 8, 18:contra quam ista causa postulasset,
id. Caecin. 24, 67:contra quam sanctum legibus est,
Liv. 30, 19, 9; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2; id. Dom. 46, 122:contraque faciunt quam polliceri videntur,
Auct. Her. 4, 3, 6; Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 86.Prep. with acc., before, against, facing, towards, opposite to, contrary to (acc. to many scholars not ante-class.; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 108; but found Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 24 Fleck., a line omitted by Lorenz as a gloss; id. Pers. 1, 1, 13 Ritschl; Att. ap. Non. p. 469, 15, or Trag. Rel. v. 476 Rib.; cf. also Plaut. Poen. 5, 6, 18; Cato, R. R. 18, 1, and v. I. A. 1. a. b, and I. A. 1. b. a supra).A.Local uses.1.Opposite, over against, facing.a.Of countries and places (mostly of those separated by water;b.adversus and e regione mostly of places opposite by land): insulae natura triquetra, cujus unum latus est contra Galliam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 13; 3, 9; 4, 20:ad insulam quae est contra Massiliam,
id. B. C. 1, 56; 3, 23:Rhodios, pacatis contra insulam suam terris, etc.,
Liv. 37, 15, 7; 3, 26, 8:Carthago Italiam contra,
Verg. A. 1, 13; 5, 124; Ov. M. 14, 17:insulae quae contra Tauri promuntorium inopportune navigantibus objacent, Chelidoniae nominantur,
Mel. 2, 7; Plin. 3, 26, 30, § 151; 6, 28, 32, § 152; 5, 7, 7, § 41; Tac. A. 3, 1; id. H. 2, 17.—Of the heavenly bodies:c.donique (luna) eum (sc. solem) contra pleno bene lumine fulsit,
Lucr. 5, 708:contra Volucris rostrum posita est Lyra,
Vitr. 9, 4, 5; Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 9; 1, 8, 3; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 5, 10, 10, § 56.—So, tertium (latus Britanniae) est contra septem triones, opposite ( facing); hence, contra meridiem and contra ortus (instead of ad or adversus meridiem, etc.), facing the south and east, Plin. 6, 24, 24, § 85; 17, 2, 2, § 22. —So of a person standing in the sunlight:cum minima umbra (i. e. a sole) contra medium fiet hominem,
Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 327; cf.:contra mediam faciem meridies erit,
id. 18, 33, 76, § 326.—Of opposite ends of a line.(α).Of the diameter of the earth: esse e regione nobis e contraria parte terrae qui adversis vestigiis stent contra nostra vestigia, quos antipodas vocatis, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123.—(β).Of a line drawn:d.contra autem E littera I erit ubi secat circinationem linea,
opposite the point E will be the letter I, Vitr. 9, 7, 4.—Of buildings, etc.:e.contra hoc aviarium est aliud minus in quo quae mortuae sunt aves curator servare solet,
Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 5; Vitr. 5, 6, 3; 3, 5, 15:(statuam) quae fuerit contra Jovis Statoris aedem in vestibulo Superbi domus,
Plin. 34, 6, 13, § 29:contra medium fere porticum diaeta paulum recedit,
Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 20; 2, 17, 5; Suet. Aug. 44.—Of places on the human body:2.id quod contra stomachum est,
Cels. 4, 5 (4, 12 med.); 7, 7;4, 20 (13).—Of the direction of the intestines, etc.: ea... contra medium alvum orsa,
Cels. 4, 1 fin. —Of actions, opposite, towards, against, facing (syn.:a.adversus, ad, e regione,
Caes. B. G. 7, 61).In gen.:b.quamvis subito... quamque Rem contra speculum ponas, apparet imago,
Lucr. 4, 156: Democritus... clipeum constituit contra exortum Hyperionis, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4:et contra magnum potes hos (i.e. oculos) attollere solem, Nec tremis...?
Prop. 1, 15, 37; Col. 7, 3, 8:rex constiterat contra pedites,
Curt. 10, 9, 13; 9, 5, 1:ne contra septentrionem paveris,
Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 330; 28, 6, 19, § 69:contra solem varie refulgens,
placed in the sun, id. 37, 10, 63, § 173; 10, 54, 75, § 151; 37, 6, 22, § 83;37, 7, 25, § 95: cum terrestres volucres contra aquam clangores dabunt,
id. 18, 35, 87, § 363; 19, 8, 39, § 131.—Dependent on verbs of motion (very rare without the idea of hostility):c.(Dinocrates) incessit contra tribunal regis jus dicentis,
towards, Vitr. 2, praef. 1.—So trop., of actions done for a purpose:lege Cornelia de sicariis tenetur qui, cum in magistratu esset, eorum quid fecerit contra hominis necem quod legibus permissum non sit,
Dig. 48, 8, 4.—Appositively, with the predicate: (elephanti) tanta narratur clementia contra minus validos, ut, etc., if fronting weaker animals, if brought in contact with them (not to be connected with clementia), Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23.—Similarly: dum... fidens non est contra feram, if fronting the animal (not dependent on fidens), Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 57.—d.Against an opposing action, etc.:e.contra vim atque impetum fluminis conversa,
Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 5:cum plateae contra directos ventos erunt conformatae,
Vitr. 1, 6, 8:ut contra ventum gregem pascamus,
Col. 7, 3, 12; Sen. Q. N. 2, 31, 2; Plin. 29, 3, 12, § 52; 17, 2, 2, § 21; 8, 16, 21, § 54:contra fluminum impetus aggeribus,
id. 35, 14, 48, § 169:capite in sole contra pilum peruncto,
id. 27, 4, 5, § 17; 18, 35, 88, § 364; Varr. ap. Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83; Sil. 14, 352; Dig. 9, 2, 29, § 4. [p. 455] — Trop.:contra fortunam tenendus est cursus,
Sen. Prov. 5, 9.—Prov.:contra stimulum calces,
kick against the pricks, Isid. Orig. 1, 36, 28 (al. calcitres); cf. Amm. 18, 5, 1.—Of local actions with hostile intent.(α).Lit.:(β).quae vis Coclitem contra omnes hostium copias tenuit?
Cic. Par. 1, 2, 12:Pompeium Cartejae receptum scribis: jam igitur contra hunc exercitum (sc. constitit),
id. Att. 15, 20, 3:pertimescam, credo, ne mihi non liceat contra vos in contione consistere,
to face you, id. Agr. 1, 8, 25; Lepidus ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 26:a fronte contra hostem pedum quindecim fossam fieri jussit,
id. ib. 1, 41; 1, 42; id. B. G. 7, 62:Tullus adversus Veientem hostem derigit suos: Albanos contra legionem Fidenatium collocat,
Liv. 1, 27, 5; 24, 41, 5; 38, 4, 5; Verg. A. 12, 279; Front. Strat. 2, 2, 13; 2, 3, 17.—Appositively, with a local verb understood:terribilis haec contra fugientes belua est, fugax contra insequentes,
i. e. if fronting, if placed opposite, Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 92.—Trop.:f.castra sunt in Italia contra populum Romanum in Etruriae faucibus collocata,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5; id. Mil. 1, 2; Quint. 7, 7, 5:tum contra hanc Romam illa altera Roma quaeretur,
will be as a rival against this Rome, Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 86:cui rationi contra homines barbaros atque imperitos locus fuisset, hac ne ipsum quidem sperare, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:(Cicero) plerumque contra inimicos atque obtrectatores plus vindicat sibi,
when fronting adversaries, Quint. 11, 1, 23.—In partic.(α).Stare contra aliquem (opp. stare ab aliquo); usu. implying hostility; mostly trop., to stand against, to be arrayed against, to face, oppose:(β).quod contra hoc exemplum nulla staret eorum ratio,
Auct. Her. 4, 5, 7:contra populi studium,
Cic. Brut. 34, 126:contra civium perditorum... dementiam a senatu et a bonorum causa,
id. ib. 79, 273; so,a mendacio contra veritatem,
id. Inv. 1, 3, 4:contra cives in acie,
id. Att. 16, 11, 2:et adversi contra stetit ora juvenci,
opposite, Verg. A. 5, 477; 5, 414:haec enim (ratio) sola... stat contra fortunam,
Sen. Ep. 14, 4, 2: contra leonem etiam stetit, fronted, i. e. hunted, Spart. Carac. 5 fin. —Contra aliquem ire:3.aut saevos Libyae contra ire leones,
Stat. Th. 9, 16.— Trop.:uti contra injurias armati eatis,
Sall. J. 31, 6:interritus (sapiens) et contra illa (mala) ibit et inter illa,
Sen. Ep. 59, 8; cf.: contra venire, II. B. 1. c. b infra, and v. also II. B. 2. b. and II. B. 1. b. infra.—Transf.,a.To persons placed together for comparison:b.C. vero Caesar, si foro tantum vacasset, non alius ex nostris contra Ciceronem nominaretur,
Quint. 10, 1, 114:CORONATO CONTRA OMNES SCAENICOS,
Inscr. Grut. p. 331, n. 4.—To things compared, as if weighed against each other as to their value, strength, etc.(α).Lit. (very rare):(β).quamcunque vis rem expende, et contra aquam statue... Si gravior est, leviorem rem... feret, etc.,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—Prop.:c.cujus (i. e. generis humani) causa videtur cuncta alia genuisse natura, magna saeva mercede contra tanta sua munera,
Plin. 7, 1, 1, § 1:qui amicus esse coepit quia expedit, placebit ei aliquod pretium contra amicitiam,
Sen. Ep. 9, 9:numquam ulli fortiores cives fuerunt quam qui ausi sunt eum contra tantas opes ejus... condemnare,
Cic. Fam. 7, 2, 3:tantum studium bonorum in me exstitisse, contra incredibilem contentionem clarissimi et potentissimi viri,
id. ib. 7, 2, 2; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:nomen prorogans nostrum et memoriam extendens contra brevitatem aevi,
as a compensation for, Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154.—So esp., valere contra, to weigh against, counterbalance, avail or prevail against: non vereor ne meae vitae modestia parum valitura sit contra falsos rumores, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:(illa facta) pro periculo potius quam contra salutem valere debere,
Cic. Part. Or. 35, 120; id. Off. 3, 29, 104:contrane lucrum nil valere Pauperis ingenium?
Hor. Epod. 11, 11; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 1; id. Cons. Helv. 5, 5; so,robur habere contra: si contra unamquamlibet partem fortunae satis tibi roboris est,
id. ib. 13, 2;so of counterchecks: in Creta decem qui cosmoe vocantur, ut contra consulare imperium tribuni plebis, sic illi contra vim regiam constituti,
Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 58.—Of antidotes: cimicum natura contra serpentium morsus valere dicitur, item contra venena omnia, Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—Hence,Colloq., aliquid contra aurum est, something is worth gold, is superb, both predicatively and attributively (cf.: auro contra, I. A. 2. supra): hujusce pomaria in summa Sacra Via ubi poma veneunt, contra aurum imago, a spectacle for gold, i. e. a magnificent sight, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 10 MSS. (al. aliter):d.numcubi hic vides citrum... num quod emblema aut lithostratum? quae illic omnia contra aurum,
superb, id. ib. 3, 2, 4 MSS. (Schneid. omits aurum, ex conj.):oneravi vinum, et tunc erat contra aurum,
Petr. 7, 6.—Transf., of replies, with aiebat, inquit, etc.; both in friendly and inimical sense; esp., contra ea, contra haec, = the adv. contra:B.contra ea Titurius sero facturos clamitabat, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 29:contra ea Verginius unum Ap. Claudium et legum expertem et, etc., aiebat,
Liv. 3, 57, 1; 24, 45, 4:quae contra breviter fata est vates,
Verg. A. 6, 398:contra quod disertus Tu impie fecisti inquit, etc.,
Quint. 7, 1, 53 (cf.: contra ea, II. E. 1. infra).Denoting hostility or disadvantage.1.With verbs of hostile action.a.Of physical exertion:b.pugnavere et tertio consulatu ejus viginti (elephanti) contra pedites quingentos,
Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 22:proelium Afri contra Aegyptios primi fecere fustibus,
id. 7, 56, 57, § 200; 8, 40, 61, § 142. —Referring to warfare (usu. adversus), bellum gerere (rarely for cum or adversus; but contra patriam, contra aras, etc., not cum patria, etc.; cf.c.bellum, II. A. 1. e.): a quo prohibitos esse vos contra Caesarem gerere bellum (opp. pro),
Cic. Lig. 8, 25; id. Phil. 5, 10, 27; Liv. Ep. 129.—With bellum suscipere:contra Antonium,
Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5; so,contra patriam,
id. Sull. 20, 58:pugnare contra patriam,
id. ib. 25, 70:contra conjuges et liberos,
Sen. Ben. 5, 15, 5:armatum esse contra populum Romanum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32.—With arma ferre (freq.), Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 72; 13, 21, 47; Liv. 28, 28, 15; Nep. Att. 4, 2; Tib. 1, 6, 30; Ov. M. 4, 609; 13, 269; id. P. 1, 1, 26.—With arma sumere or capere, Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 19; id. Phil. 4, 1, 2; 4, 3, 7:armis contendere contra,
Caes. B. G. 2, 13:arma alicui dare (trop.),
Cic. Phil. 2, 21, 53:aciem instruere (trop.),
Liv. 25, 4, 4:exercitum comparare,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14; 4, 1, 2:exercitum instruere,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 24:exercitum ducere and adducere,
id. Phil. 4, 2, 5; 3, 4, 11:exercitum contra Philippum mittere,
id. Inv. 1, 12, 17:naves ducere contra,
Hor. Epod. 4, 19:ducere contra hostes,
Liv. 1, 27, 4:florem Italiae educere contra,
Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24:proficisci contra,
to march against, Liv. 1, 11, 3; 8, 2, 5:auxilium ferre Rutulis contra Latinos,
Plin. 14, 12, 14, § 88:juvare aliquem contra,
Caes. B. C. 1, 35:consilium inire contra Sequanos,
to take hostile measures against, id. B. G. 6, 12.—Of legal contention (more freq. adversus, except with verbs of saying).(α).In gen., with agere or causam agere, to act as counsel against a party or his attorney:(β).cum agerem contra hominem disertissimum nostrae civitatis,
Cic. Caecin. 33, 97; id. Brut. 63, 226; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 3; Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Causam recipere or suscipere contra, to accept a retainer against:(causam) quam receperam contra pueros Octavios,
Cic. Att. 13, 49, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 12; Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 1.—Adesse alicui contra, to appear, act as one's counsel against:rogavit me Caecilius ut adessem contra Satrium,
Cic. Att. 1, 1, 3; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 5 al.; cf.:esse contra,
id. ib. 1, 18, 3.— Trop.: conquesturus venit;at contra se adfuit et satisfacienti satisfecit,
Sen. Fragm. Amic. 14, 1, 89:causam defendere contra,
against the accuser, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 178:statuere contra aliquem (sc. causam),
to establish a case against an adversary, id. Or. 10, 34:actio competit contra,
Dig. 49, 14, 41:querelam instituere contra,
ib. 5, 2, 21, § 1:bonorum possessionem petere contra,
ib. 5, 2, 23:jus obtinere contra,
Cic. Quint. 9, 34:pugnare contra,
to struggle against the accuser, id. Sull. 17, 49; id. Verr. 1, 11, 33:id quod mihi contra illos datum est,
i. e. a local advantage over, id. Tull. 14, 33:judicare contra aliquem,
id. Fl. 20, 48; Dig. 21, 2, 55; 5, 2, 14; Just. Inst. 4, 17, 2:pronuntiare contra,
Paul. Sent. 5, 34, 2: dare sententiam contra, Dig. 21, 2, 56, § 1:decernere contra,
Cic. Fl. 31, 76:appellare contra aliquem,
Dig. 49, 1, 3; 49, 5, 6; cf.:contra sententiam,
Cod. Just. 7, 62, 32, § 2.—Sentire contra aliquem, to have an opinion unfavorable to:cur vos (cum) aliquid contra me sentire dicatis, etc.,
Cic. Caecin. 27, 79.—Venire contra aliquem, to appear as counsel for one's adversary:(γ).quid tu, Saturi, qui contra hunc venis, existimas aliter?
Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 18; id. Mur. 4, 9; id. Phil. 8, 6, 18.—Venire contra rem alicujus, to give advice damaging one's interests:contra rem suam me venisse questus est,
Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3.—With dicere and other verbs of saying. (aa) Of a lawyer pleading against a lawyer:d.ipse ille Mucius, quid in illa causa cum contra te diceret, attulit quod? etc.,
Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 244:cum ille contra me pro Sex. Naevio diceret,
id. Brut. 60, 2, 7; id. de Or. 2, 7, 30; id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45; id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 44; id. Planc. 2, 5; id. Brut. 26, 102; so,causam dicere,
id. Or. 2, 23, 98:causam perorare,
id. Quint. 24, 77.—(bb) Of a lawyer's pleading against the parties: dic mihi, M. Pinari, num si contra te dixero mihi male dicturus es? Servil. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 261; 3, 34, 138; 1, 14, 60; id. Or. 35, 123; Quint. 11, 1, 57; cf. with ellipsis of acc.:quorum alter pro Aufldia, contra dixit alter,
id. 10, 1, 22.—(ng) Of a party against a lawyer:si Gaditani contra me dicerent,
if the Gaditani were my adversaries, Cic. Balb. 17, 38.—(dd) Of witnesses and experts, and the pleadings against them:si decressent legationem quae contra istum diceret,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 12: contra testes dicere (opp. a testibus or pro testibus). Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118 (cf.:testimonium in aliquem dicere,
id. Sull. 17, 48; Quint. 7, 4, 36):contra juris consultos dicere,
against their legal opinions, Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—So of witnesses in scientific questions:contra testes dicendum est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 1.—(ee) Dicere or contendere aliquid contra aliquem, to maintain a point against:cum interrogamus adversarios... quid contra nos dici possit,
Auct. Her. 4, 23, 33:tamenne vereris ut possis hoc contra Hortensium contendere?
Cic. Quint. 25, 78. —Of literary adversaries, mostly with verbs of saying and writing:e.cum scriberem contra Epicurios,
Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:contra Epicurum satis superque dictum est,
id. N. D. 2, 1, 2:contra Brutum,
id. Tusc. 5, 8, 21:contra Academiam,
id. Ac. 2, 19, 63; id. Fin. 1, 1, 2; 5, 8, 22; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; 5, 30, 84; id. Ac. 2, 4, 17:contra autem omnia disputatur a nostris,
id. Off. 2, 2, 8.—Of public and political adversaries (syn. adversus and in).(α).In gen.:(β).sentire contra,
Cic. Mil. 2, 5:pugnare contra bonos,
id. Sull. 25, 71:contra eos summa ope nitebatur nobilitas,
Sall. C. 38, 2; Cic. Sest. 19, 42; 52, 112:(tribuni) qui aut contra consulem, aut pro studio ejus pugnabant,
Liv. 39, 32, 12.—Of political speaking:f.cum (Cato) eo ipso anno contra Serv. Galbam ad populum summa contentione dixisset,
Cic. Brut. 20, 80; so id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 53; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 1.—Of hostile or criminal acts in gen. (syn.:2.adversus, in): inire consilia contra,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:manum comparare contra aliquem,
id. Sull. 24, 68:conjurationem facere,
id. ib. 4, 12:congredi,
id. Lig. 3, 9; Sall. J. 64, 4:aliquid contra imperatorem moliri,
Just. Inst. 4, 18, 3:nec dolor armasset contra sua viscera matrem,
against her own offspring Ov. R. Am. 59.—Facere contra (more freq. with abstr. objects; cf. II. C. 1. f. b infra): nunc te contra Caesarem facere summae stultitiae est, to take parts against, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 2:eae (res) contra nos ambae faciunt,
operate against us, id. Quint. 1, 1.—With verbs of saying, etc.:homo disertus non intellegit, eum quem contra dicit laudari a se?
Cic. Phil. 2, 8, 18; 2, 1, 2; 2, 21, 51; Sen. Ep. 15, 3, 70:epigramma quod contra quamdam Gelliam scripsit,
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 38:disputare contra deos, in two signif.: contra deum licet disputare liberius,
to accuse, reproach a god, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76; but: mala et impia consuetudo est contra deos disputandi, to reason against the gods, i. e. against their existence, id. ib. 2, 67, 168.—Predicatively, with esse (videri, etc.), against, injurious to, unfavorable, prejudicial, to one's disadvantage: ut [p. 456] ex senatusconsulto neque cujus intersit, neque contra quem sit intellegi possit, Cic. Mur. 32, 68; id. de Or. 3, 20, 75; 2, 74, 299; 2, 81, 330; id. Sull. 13, 39; Sen. Ben. 6, 31, 6:3.licentiam malis dare certe contra bonos est,
injurious to, Quint. 4, 2, 75:res contra nos est, of unfavorable chances in a lawsuit,
id. 4, 66, 1; 4, 2, 75; 5, 13, 32.—Often, contra aliquem = quod est contra aliquem, referring to indef. pronouns or adjectives:nihil contra me fecit odio mei = nihil quod esset contra me,
Cic. Har. Resp. 3, 5; id. Off. 3, 31, 112:quibus (temporibus) aliquid contra Caesarem Pompeio suaserim,
id. Phil. 2, 10, 24.—Added adverb. to the predicate, mostly referring to purpose, with hostile intent, for the purpose of some hostile act, in order to oppose, in opposition:4.Caesarine eam (provinciam) tradituri fuistis, an contra Caesarem retenturi?
or keep it against Caesar, Cic. Lig. 7, 23:sero enim resistimus ei quem per annos decem aluimus contra nos,
id. Att. 7, 5, 5:judicium illud pecunia esse temptatum non pro Cluentio, sed contra Cluentium,
id. Clu. 4, 9; id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; id. Ac. 2, 28, 92:cum quae facitis ejusmodi sint ut ea contra vosmet ipsos facere videamini,
id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104; Sen. Ep. 3, 7, 3: Curio se contra eum totum parat, i. e. to speak against him, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 10; Caes. B. C. 1, 85 ter; Sen. Q. N. 1, 7, 1; Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192; Plin. Pan. 41.—So with the force of a temporal clause:fidem meam quam essent contra Massam Baebium experti,
in the suit against, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 4.—Dependent on adjectives (rare):5.contra se ipse misericors,
to his own injury, Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:severissimus judex contra fures,
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.—With nouns.a.Acc. to 1. b.:b.ut quam maximae contra Hannibalem copiae sint,
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17; cf. Vell. 2, 76, 3.—Acc. to 1. c. and 1. e.; so esp., oratio contra (cf.: oratio in).(α).Oratio contra (never in), of an address against the counsel of a party or against the prosecutor:(β).quid in omni oratione Crassus vel apud centumviros contra Scaevolam, vel contra accusatorem Brutum, cum pro Cn. Plancio diceret?
Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 220; cf.:Cato pro se contra Cassium = in oratione contra,
Gell. 10, 15, 3; so,haec perpetua defensio contra Scaevolam,
Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221:orationem illam egregiam quam (Aeschines) in Ctesiphontem contra Demosthenem dixerat,
id. ib. 3, 56, 213.—Of an address against the party, either in judicial or political affairs:c.unam orationem contra Gracchum reliquit,
Cic. Brut. 26, 99:(Demosthenis) oratio contra Leptinem... contra Aeschinem falsae legationis,
id. Or. 31, 111; Gell. 10, 24, 10; 10, 18, 91; Cic. Brut. 46, 169; Quint. 12, 10, 61; Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 45; id. Brut. 44, 164; Gell. 13, 25 (24), 15; cf. Quint. 4, 3, 13; 11, 2, 25.—Acc. to 1. f.:C.contra patres concitatio et seditio,
Cic. Brut. 14, 56.—Of animals:contra volpium genus communibus inimicitiis,
Plin. 10, 76, 96, § 207.With inanimate and abstract objects.1.Directly dependent on verbs (cf. B. 1.).a.Of physical or moral exertion:b.cum fulmina contra Tot paribus streperet clipeis,
Verg. A. 10, 567:pugnandum tamquam contra morbum, sic contra senectutem,
Cic. Sen. 11, 35:contra verum niti,
Sall. J. 35, 8:contra fortunam luctari,
Sen. Ben. 7, 15, 2; id. Brev. Vit. 10, 1; id. Ep. 78, 15; 99, 32; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110.—Of warfare (lit. and trop.):c.bellum contra aras, focos, vitam fortunasque gerere,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:bellum gerimus... contra arma verbis,
id. Fam. 12, 22, 1.—So of logical contradictions:artificis autem est invenire in actione adversarii quae semet ipsa pugnent,
Quint. 5, 13, 30.—Of legal contention.(α).Of the actions of the counsel or prosecutor: dicere, or perorare, agere contra aliquid, to plead against, contest something:(β).contra argumenta, rumores, tabulas, quaestiones (opp. ab argumentis, etc.),
Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9 sqq.; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118:contra ratiocinationem,
id. Inv. 2, 50, 153: contra scriptum dicere, to contest, controvert a written law or a document, id. ib. 2, 47, 138; 2, 48, 143; id. Brut. 39, 145; Quint. 7, 7, 1:contra caput dicere,
to plead against life, Cic. Quint. 13, 44 (cf.:servum in caput domini interrogare,
Paul. Sent. 1, 1, 34; 5, 16, 5 and 8; 5, 46, 3): contra libertatem agere, Dig. 40, 12, 26.—Pregn.:contra rerum naturam, contraque consuetudinem hominum dicere (opp. contra nos dicere),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 45.—Of judicial decisions contradicting documents, etc.:(γ).contra tabulas judicare,
Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 281:contra testamentum,
Dig. 2, 17, § 1:contra sententiam dicere,
ib. 49, 8, 1, § 2.—Admittere aliquem contra bona, to admit a petition for bonorum possessio (cf.:d.inmittere in bona),
Dig. 38, 2, 3, § 6.—Of antagonism in literary and ethical questions.(α).To contend that something is false:(β).dicere, disputare, disserere contra opinionem or sententiam,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 5, 19, 55; id. de Or. 3, 18, 67; id. Fin. 5, 4, 10; id. Ac. 2, 18, 60; Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 3; id. Ep. 87, 5; 102, 5 (cf.:in sententiam dicere,
in support of an opinion, Caes. B. G. 1, 45):contra sensus dicere,
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 101:contra rhetoricen dicere,
Quint. 2, 17, 40.—Of criticism, hostility to principles, etc.:(γ).contra Iliadem et Odysseam scribere,
Vitr. 7, praef. 8:contra quorum disciplinam ingenium ejus exarserat,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 29, 83.—Ethically:e.contra voluptatem dicere,
that pleasure is a moral evil, Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 21:contra mortem loqui,
that death is no evil, Sen. Ep. 82, 7;in both senses: contra vitia, pericula, fortunam, ambitionem,
id. ib. 100, 10:contra fortunam gloriari,
that fortune has no power over him, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; Sen. Ep. 26, 5.—Of public and political acts and speeches:f.contra potentiam accusatorum dicere,
Cic. Brut. 44, 164:contra legem dicere or verba facere,
id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 53; Liv. 34, 8, 1:rogationem ferre contra coloniam ( = contra legem de colonia deducenda),
Cic. Clu. 51, 140; Auct. Her. 1, 17, 21; Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64.—Of hostility, injury, wrongs, etc.(α).In gen.:(β).senatusconsulto quod contra dignitatem tuam fieret,
directed against, Cic. Fam. 12, 29, 2:contra rem publicam se commovere,
id. Cat. 1, 26; 1, 3, 7:incitari,
id. Sest. 47, 100:consilia inire,
id. Agr. 2, 3, 8:conjurationem facere,
Sall. C. 30, 6:contra salutem urbis incitari,
Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20:cogitare aliquid contra salutem,
id. ib. 3, 9, 21: contra voluntatem or studium dicere, to oppose one's will in a speech:esse aliquem in civitate qui contra ejus (Chrysogoni) voluntatem dicere auderet,
id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60; id. Phil. 1, 11, 28; id. de Or. 3, 34, 138; id. Mur. 4, 10; Tac. H. 2, 91:ne quid contra aequitatem contendas, ne quid pro injuria,
do not array yourself against equity, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71.— Trop.:quis non contra Marii arma, contra Suliae proscriptionem irascitur? ( = Mario propter arma, Sullae propter proscriptionem),
Sen. Ira, 2, 2, 3.—In partic.: facere contra aliquid (syn. adversus), to commit an offence against, to transgress, etc.:2.si quis ad Antonium profectus esset... senatus existimaturum eum contra rem publicam fecisse,
Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 33; id. Mil. 5, 13; 6, 14; id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 3, 25, 95; S. C. ap. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 6; Liv. 25, 4, 7; so,contra salutem rei publicae facere,
Cic. Dom. 38, 102:contra majestatem,
against the emperor, Dig. 48, 4, 5:contra leges,
Cic. Dom. 18, 48; id. Vatin. 7, 18; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Mur. 32, 67; id. de Or. 3, 19, 70; cf. id. Clu. 34, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; id. Dom. 14, 38; id. Phil. 10, 6, 13; Gai Inst. 4, 121:contra edictum (praetoris),
Cic. Verr 2, 3, 10, § 25; Dig. 39, 1, 20, § 1:contra foedus,
Cic. Balb. 6, 16:contra jusjurandum ac fidem,
id. Off. 3, 10, 43; id. Lael. 3, 30, 74; id. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 7; Prop. 3, 30, 44 (2, 32, 44).—And ironically:tune contra Caesaris nutum (sc. facies)?
Cic. Att. 14, 10, 1.—Rarely contra ea facere = contra facere, adverb. (cf. I. B. 8. and II. E. 1. b.):corpus in civitatem inferri non licet... et qui contra ea fecerit, extra ordinem punitur,
Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 2; 1, 21, 12.—Predicatively with esse (usu. impers.), in violation of, in conflict with, contrary to (cf. 3. g).(α).With esse expressed as the predicate:(β).hominem hominis incommodo suum augere commodum magis est contra naturam quam mors,
Cic. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Fin. 3, 9, 31; id. N. D. 3, 13, 33; Sen. Ep. 5, 4; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 45:contra leges or legem est,
Cic. Pis. 13, 30; id. Mur. 32, 67:contra officium est,
id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 1, 10, 32; 1, 6, 19; cf. id. Lael. 11, 39; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Liv. 6, 40, 5; Sen. Q. N. 2, 37, 2; Gai Inst. 3, 157; Dig. 30, 1, 112, § 3; 16, 3, 1, § 7.—With ellipsis of object (naturam), Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 89; cf.:adeo res ista non habet ullam moram quae contra causas ignium sit,
unfavorable to the formation of fire, Sen. Q. N. 2, 26, 7.—With verbal predicate, referring to an indef. pron. or adj., with esse understood:(γ).scis hunc... nihil umquam contra rem tuam cogitasse ( = nihil quod contra rem tuam esset),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 147; id. Mil. 5, 13:aliquid contra animum audiendi,
something against our liking, Sen. Const. 19, 2.—So mostly with facere:si quid Socrates aut Aristippus contra morem consuetudinemque fecerint,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148; id. Att. 3, 23, 2; 2, 22, 2; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Sall. C. 15, 1; Dig. 8, 2, 11; 8, 2, 17; 35, 1, 79, § 2. —Contra officium, substantively, = id quod contra officium est:3.Sic inter recte factum atque peccatum, officium et contra officium, media locabat quaedam,
Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37.—Adverbially with the predicate.(α).In order to oppose, in opposition to, with hostile intent (cf. B. 3.):(β).eidem illam proscriptionem capitis mei contra salutem rei publicae rogatam esse dicebant,
that the proposal of the law was an attack on the republic, Cic. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 35; id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:imperator contra postulata Bocchi nuntios mittit,
to reply to the demands, Sall. J. 83, 3; 25, 6; so,advocare contra,
Sen. Cons. Polyb. 12, 4; id. Ep. 15, 2, 52:si contra mortem te praeparaveris,
to meet death, id. ib. 11, 3, 8.—With the force of a clause of manner, injuriously to, etc.:(γ).quibus contra valetudinis commodum laborandum est,
Cic. Mur. 23, 47; Suet. Aug. 78:contra hominis salutem,
with danger to a man's life, Cod. Just. 7, 62, 29.—In gen., of conflict with some rule or principle, contrary to, in violation of, without regard to ( = ita ut contra sit; cf. 2. supra; very freq. from the class. period;4.syn. adversus): ceperitne pecunias contra leges P. Decius,
Cic. de Or. 2, 31, 136; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10; id. Fl. 34, 86:pecuniam contra leges auferre,
id. Verr. 1, 18, 56; 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 5, 18, § 46; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:contra legem,
id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8; id. Dom. 16, 41:contra jus fasque,
id. Har. Resp. 16, 34; id. Quint. 6, 28:contra jus,
Liv. 5, 4, 14; id. Dom. 13, 55; id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:contra jus gentium,
Liv. 4, 32, 5; 9, 10, 10; 21, 25, 7; 5, 36, 6;6, 1, 6: contra juris rigorem,
Dig. 40, 5, 24, § 10 et saep.:contra testimonium aliquid judicare,
without regard to, Cic. Brut. 31, 117:aliquid contra verecundiam disputare,
contrary to the rules of decency, id. Off. 1, 35, 128:aliquid contra fidem constituere,
Quint. 5, 13, 34:quae majores nostri contra lubidinem animi sui recte atque ordine fecere,
contrary to the dictates of passion, Sall. C. 51, 4; id. J. 33, 1; cf. of logical opposition, II. E. 2. infra.—Dependent on substt.a.Of physical strife:b.scit ille imparem sibi luctatum contra nexus (draconis),
Plin. 8, 12, 12, § 33. —Of warfare:c.imperatorum copia contra tuum furorem,
Cic. Mur. 39, 83:Parthorum gloria contra nomen Romanum,
Liv. 9, 18, 6: in castris perditorum contra patriam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 6.—Of legal contention:d.causa contra scriptum,
Cic. Inv. 2, 46, 135.—Of political speaking:e.divina M. Tullii eloquentia contra leges agrarias,
Quint. 2, 16, 7; 9, 3, 50; Gell. 18, 7, 7.—Of literary opposition:f.Caesaris vituperatio contra laudationem meam,
Cic. Att. 12, 40, 1.—Of hostility, etc.:g.cujus factum, inceptum, conatumve contra patriam,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:ullum factum dictumve nostrum contra utilitatem vestram,
Liv. 6, 40, 5.—Of injury:h.vitae cupiditas contra rem publicam,
Cic. Planc. 37, 90: contra serpentes venenum, fatal to serpents, or as a defence against serpents, Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 15.—Of violation, disregard, etc. (cf. 3. g):5.iter contra senatus auctoritatem,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 48:contra consuetudinem somnium,
Plin. 10, 77, 98, § 211:bonorum possessio contra tabulas,
Dig. 37, 4, 3, § 13; Gai Inst. 3, 41.—Dependent on adjectives (very rare; cf.D.II. D. 2. c. infra): contraque patris impii regnum impotens, avum resolvam,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 966.Of defence, protection, and resistance (syn.: adversus, ab).1.Against persons.a.Dependent on verbs:b.cum populus Romanus suam auctoritatem vel contra omnes qui dissentiunt possit defendere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 63: si ego consul rem publicam [p. 457] contra te et gregales tuos defendissem, id. Sest. 52, 111; 22, 49; 8, 20; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45:contra quem multum omnes boni providerunt,
provided a great defence, id. Mur. 38, 81: formula qua utitur patronus contra libertum qui eum in jus vocat, as a defence against, Gai Inst. 4, 46. —And of protection of plants against injurious animals:contra haec animalia proderit, si, etc.,
Pall. 10, 3, 2.—Dependent on adjectives, mostly participial:2.paratus contra,
Cic. Mil. 21, 56:nihil satis firmum contra Metellum,
Sall. J. 80, 1:contra potentes nemo est munitus satis,
Phaedr. 2, 6, 1.—Against inanimate and abstract things.a.Dependent on verbs:b.contra avium morsus munitur vallo aristarum,
Cic. Sen. 15, 51:propugnaculum, quo contra omnes meos impetus usurum se putat,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 40; 2, 5, 39, § 102:publicam causam contra vim armatam suscipere,
id. Dom. 34, 91; id. Quint. 30, 94; id. Leg. 3, 3, 9:contra tantas difficultates providere,
Sall. J. 90, 1; 76, 4; so,contra ea,
id. ib. 57, 5:patricii vi contra vim resistunt,
Liv. 3, 13, 4; Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 28; Tac. Agr. 45; Sen. Prov. 4, 12; id. Const. 5, 4.—Dependent on substt.:c.suffragia contra oppugnationem vestrae majestatis,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 12, 35:defensio contra vim,
id. Mil. 5, 14:patronus justitiae fuit contra orationem Phili,
id. Lael. 7, 25; Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 30; 14, 3, 4, § 40:contra labores patientia,
id. 23, 1, 22, § 37.—Dependent on adjectives (in Cic. freq. with P. a. predicatively used; otherwise very rare;3.in later prose freq.): nec est quidquam Cilicia contra Syriam munitius,
against an attack from the side of Syria, Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 4:ut nullius res tuta, nullius domus clausa, nullius vita saepta, nullius pudicitia munita contra tuam cupiditatem posset esse,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; id. Mil. 25, 67; id. Tusc. 5, 8, 19; 5, 27, 76:vir contra audaciam firmissimus,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Sall. J. 33, 2; 28, 5:fortis contra dolorem,
Sen. Ep. 98, 18; Quint. 12, 1, 10:callosus,
Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 147; 14, 2, 4, § 23:far contra hiemes firmissimum,
id. 18, 8, 19, § 83:equus tenax contra vincula,
Ov. Am. 3, 4, 13:contraque minantia fata pervigil,
Claud. I. Cons. Stil. 1, 284.—Of remedies against sickness and its causes, poison, etc.; so only in Plin.; in Pall. only of preventives and of protection against hurtful animals, and against mental perturbations in gen.; cf. infra (syn. ad in Cat., Cic., Cels., Col.; adversus only in Celsus, who also has in with abl.).(α).Dependent on verbs:(β).cujus et vinum et uva contra serpentium ictus medetur,
Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 117; 7, 2, 2, § 13:prodest et contra suspiria et tussim,
id. 20, 13, 50, § 128:valet potum contra venena,
id. 28, 7, 21, § 74; 29, 4, 22, § 71; 29, 4, 26, § 81; 28, 8, 27, § 98; 16, 37, 71, § 180; 35, 6, 14, § 34; 28, 6, 18, §§ 65-67.—Dependent on substt.:(γ).remedium contra morsus,
Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 118; 10, 59, 79, § 163:contra venena esse omnia remedio,
id. 16, 44, 95, § 251; 17, 24, 37, § 240; 7, 1, 1, § 4.—Dependent on adjectives:(δ).vinum quod salutare contra pestilentiam sit,
Pall. 11, 14, 17.—Appositively, as a remedy:E.cujus lacteum succum miris laudibus celebrat... contra serpentes et venena,
Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 16; 29, 4, 26, § 83. —So of remedies against affections:Tiberium tonante caelo coronari ea (lauro) solitum ferunt contra fulminum metus,
Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 135; cf. Sen. Ira, 2, 21, 1; id. Tranq. 5. 1.Of logical opposition.1.With a neuter demonstrative (contra ea, contra haec, contra quae, quod contra = contra, adv.).a.The contrary, the reverse (very rare; cf.b.I. D. 1.): sed mihi contra ea videtur,
but to me the contrary seems true, Sall. J. 85, 1:omnia quae contra haec sunt, omnia quae contra sunt,
and vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 90. —Contra ea, on the contrary, in logical antithesis (not in Cic. and Sall.; once in Caes. and Quint.; several times in Liv. and Nep.; cf.: contra ea, in other uses, II. A. 2. e. a, II. D. 2. a., II. A. 3. d., II. C. 1. f.):c.omnes arderent cupiditate pugnandi... contra ea Caesar... spatiumque interponendum... putabat ( = at contra),
but Caesar on the contrary, Caes. B. C. 3, 74: superbe ab Samnitibus... legati prohibiti commercio sunt;contra ea benigne ab Siculorum tyrannis adjuti,
Liv. 4, 52, 6; 2, 60, 1; 21, 20, 6;44, 43, 5: pater... Thracem me genuit, contra ea mater Atheniensem,
Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4; id. praef. 6; id. Alcib. 8, 1.—And after a question, with immo (cf. I. E. 5. b.):an infirmissimi omnium... (sumus)? Immo contra ea vel viribus nostris, vel, etc., tuti (sumus),
Liv. 41, 24, 8.—Quod contra, by anastrophe (v. F. 1.), contrary to which, whereas, while on the contrary (only once in Lucr. and three times in Cic.):2.illud in his rebus vereor ne forte rearis, Inpia te rationis inire elementa viamque indugredi sceleris: quod contra saepius illa Religio peperit scelerosa atque impia facta,
whereas on the contrary, Lucr. 1, 81:cujus a me corpus crematum est, quod contra decuit ab illo meum (sc. cremari),
Cic. Sen. 23, 84:quod contra oportebat delicto dolere, correctione gaudere,
id. Lael. 24, 90 (B. and K. place a comma after oportebat; cf.Nauck ad loc.): reliquum est ut eum nemo judicio defenderit: quod contra copiosissime defensum esse contendi,
id. Quint. 28, 87 (many consider contra in all these passages as an adverb; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 121 sq.; some explain quod as an ancient ablative, = qua re;v. Ritschl,
Plaut. Exc. p. 57, Munro ad Lucr. 1, 82).—With an abstract noun, with the force of the adverb contra with ac or atque (I. F. 1.), contrary to, contrary to what, etc. (esp. in Sall., not in Cic.; cf. praeter): celeriter contraque omnium opinionem confecto itinere, contrary to the opinion ( = contra ac rati erant), Caes. B. G. 6, 30:F.contra opinionem Jugurthae ad Thalam perveniunt,
Sall. J. 75, 9; Hirt. B. G. 8, 40.—Contra spem either contrary to the opinion, or against the hope:Metellus contra spem suam laetissume excipitur ( = contra ac ratus, veritus est),
Sall. J. 88, 1; so,cetera contra spem salva invenit,
Liv. 9, 23, 17:contra spem omnium L. Furium optavit,
id. 6, 25, 5; Curt. 8, 4, 45;but: at Jugurtha contra spem nuntio accepto ( = contra ac speraverat),
Sall. J. 28, 1; Liv. 24, 45, 3:postquam... Jugurtha contra timorem animi praemia sceleris adeptum sese videt,
Sall. J. 20, 1:ipse in Numidiam procedit, ubi contra belli faciem tuguria plena hominumque... erant ( = contra ac in bello evenire solet),
id. ib. 46, 5:contra famam,
Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 126; 7, 53, 54, § 180:segniterque et contra industriam absconditae formicae,
slowly, and in a manner different from their usual activity, id. 18, 35, 88, § 364.—Of persons:frigidam potionem esse debere, contra priores auctores, Asclepiades confirmavit,
contrary to the opinion of the former physicians, Cels. 4, 26 (19).Sometimes by anastrophe after its noun.1.In prose, after relatives, esp. in Cic.:2.quos contra disputant,
Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 47:quem contra dicit,
id. Phil. 2, 8, 18 (v. II. B. 1. f.):quem contra veneris,
id. Mur. 4, 9:quas contra, praeter te, etc.,
id. Vatin. 7, 18:eos ipsos quos contra statuas,
id. Or. 10, 34:quos contra me senatus armavit,
id. Att. 10, 8, 8:quam contra multa locutus est,
Sen. Ep. 82, 7, Plin. Ep. 1, 23, 3; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 332; v. also E. 1. c. supra.—After other words ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):hunc igitur contra mittam contendere causam,
Lucr. 4, 471:dicere eos contra,
id. 4, 484:donique eum contra,
id. 5, 708:agmina contra,
Verg. A. 12, 279:magnum Alciden contra,
id. ib. 5, 414:Paridem contra,
id. ib. 5, 370:Italiam contra,
id. ib. 1, 13:deos contra,
Ov. P. 1, 1, 26:Messania moenia contra,
id. M. 14, 17:litora Calabriae contra,
Tac. A. 3, 1. -
39 rapio
răpĭo, pŭi, ptum, 3 (old perf. subj. rapsit, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; part. perf. fem. ex raptabus, Gell. ap. Charis. p. 39 P.), v. a. [root harp; Gr. harpê, a bird of prey, harpagê, harpazô; Lat. rapidus, rapax, rapina, etc.; cf. Sanscr. lup-, lumpāmi, rumpo; Gr. lupê], to seize and carry off, to snatch, tear, drag, draw, or hurry away, = violenter sive celeriter capio (freq. and class.; in Cæs. not at all, and in Cic. mostly in the trop. signif.; cf.: ago, fero, traho, capio, sumo).I.Lit.A.In gen., Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 15; 30; 31:B.quo rapitis me? quo fertis me?
id. Men. 5, 7, 10; cf. Verg. A. 6, 845; Ov. M. 9, 121:quo me cunque rapit tempestas?
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 15; cf. id. C. 3, 25, 1:sumasne pudenter an rapias,
snatch, id. Ep. 1, 17, 45; cf. id. S. 1, 5, 76:hostes vivos rapere soleo ex acie: ex hoc nomen mihi est (sc. Harpax),
Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 60:te ex lustris uxor,
id. As. 5, 2, 84:volucri spe et cogitatione rapi a domo,
Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 7:ab aede rapuit funale,
Ov. M. 12, 247:torrem ab aris,
id. ib. 12, 271:deque sinu matris ridentem... Learchum... rapit,
id. ib. 4, 516 (for which, simply sinu, id. ib. 13, 450):hastam, de vulnere,
id. ib. 5, 137:telum,
Verg. A. 10, 486:repagula de posti,
Ov. M. 5, 120:(frondes) altā rapit arbore ventus,
id. ib. 3, 730:vi atque ingratis... rapiam te domum,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 40:aliquem sublimem domum,
id. As. 5, 2, 18; cf.:sublimem,
id. Mil. 5, 1; id. Men. 5, 7, 6; Ter. And. 5, 2, 20:commeatum in naves rapiunt,
Liv. 41, 3:aliquem in jus,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 21; so,in jus,
id. Poen. 5, 5, 56; Hor. S. 1, 9, 77; 2, 3, 72; cf.:in jus ad regem,
Liv. 1, 26:in carcerem,
Suet. Tib. 11; 61:aliquem ad cornuficem,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 156; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 37:ad praetorem,
id. Aul. 4, 10, 30:ad supplicium ob facinus,
Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 238:ad mortem,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 52, § 138; id. Cat. 1, 10, 27:ad tortorem,
id. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:ad poenam,
Suet. Claud. 10; 37; id. Vit. 14:ad consulem,
Liv. 10, 20:matres, virgines, pueros ad stuprum,
id. 26, 13:teneram virginem ad virum,
Cat. 61, 3 (cf.:rapi simulatur virgo ex gremio matris, aut, si ea non est, ex proximā necessitudine, cum ad virum traditur, quod videlicet ea res feliciter Romulo cessit,
Fest. p. 289 Müll.):illum (sc. lembum) in praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203:nec variis obsita frondibus Sub divum rapiam,
drag into open day, Hor. C. 1, 18, 13. — Poet.:Nasonis carmina rapti,
i. e. torn from his home, borne far away, Ov. P. 4, 16, 1; cf. id. H. 13, 9; Stat. S. 3, 5, 6. —With the idea of swiftness predominating:2.Turnus rapit Totam aciem in Teucros,
Verg. A. 10, 308:rapit agmina ductor,
Luc. 1, 228:agmina cursu,
Sil. 7, 116:legiones,
Plin. Pan. 14:curru rapi,
Sil. 1, 134:quattuor hinc rapimur raedis,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 86:Notus rapit biremes,
Sil. 17, 276:carinas venti rapuere,
Luc. 3, 46:rapit per aequora navem,
hurries it away, Verg. A. 10, 660; cf.:ventis per aequora,
Ov. M. 14, 470:missos currus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 114:pedes quo te rapiunt,
id. C. 3, 11, 49:arma rapiat juventus,
snatch up, Verg. A. 7, 340; so,arma,
Ov. M. 2, 603:arma manu,
Verg. A. 8, 220:bipennem dextrā,
id. ib. 11, 651:cingula,
id. ib. 9, 364.—With reflex. pron., to hasten, hurry, tear one ' s self, etc.:C.ocius hinc te Ni rapis,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 118; cf. Ov. Am. 3, 5, 29:se ad caedem optimi cujusque,
Cic. Phil. 13, 8, 18.—In partic.1.To carry off by force; to seize, rob, ravish; to plunder, ravage, lay waste, take by assault, carry by force, etc. (very freq.; cf.(α).praedor),
Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 11:erat ei vivendum latronum ritu, ut tantum haberet, quantum rapere potuisset,
Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 62:tamquam pilam rapiunt inter se rei publicae statum tyranm ab regibus,
id. Rep. 1, 44, 68:virgines rapi jussit... quae raptae erant, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 7, 12; 2, 8, 14; so,virgines,
to carry off, abduct, Sall. C. 51, 9; Liv. 1, 9; Quint. 7, 7, 3; 9, 2, 70; Hor. C. 2, 4, 8; Ov. M. 12, 225; id. A. A. 1, 680:raptus a dis Ganymedes,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65:ab Idā,
Hor. C. 3, 20, 16:omne sacrum rapiente dextrā,
id. ib. 3, 3, 52:alii rapiunt incensa feruntque Pergama,
pillage and plunder, Verg. A. 2, 374 (the Homeric agousi kai pherousi; for which, in prose, ferre et agere; v. ago); cf.:rapturus moenia Romae,
Luc. 3, 99:Theumeson,
to seize by force, Stat. Th. 4, 370:Armeniam,
to plunder, lay waste, Tac. A. 13, 6:Karthaginem,
Sil. 15, 401:urbem,
Stat. Th. 7, 599:raptas ad litora vertere praedas,
Verg. A. 1, 528.— Absol.:rapio propalam,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 10:ut Spartae, rapere ubi pueri et clepere discunt,
Cic. Rep. 4, 5, 11 (Non. 20, 14):agunt, rapiunt, tenent,
id. Rep. 3, 33, 45 Mos.; cf.along with trahere,
Sall. C. 11, 4; id. J. 41, 5;with congerere, auferre,
Mart. 8, 44, 9.— With the idea of rapidity predominating: castra urbesque primo impetu rapere, to conquer rapidly (= raptim capere), Liv. 6, 23, 5 Drak.; so,castra,
Flor. 3, 20, 4; 4, 12, 34:Bithyniam,
id. 3, 5, 6:Hispaniam,
id. 2, 17, 6:arces,
Luc. 6, 14.— Part. perf. subst.rapta, ae, f., the ravished one, the seduced:(β).gratus raptae raptor fuit,
Ov. A. A. 1, 680; id. H. 5, 97; 13, 55; 16, 339; id. F. 4, 607.—raptum, i, n., the plunder, that which is stolen:2.rapto vivere,
to live by robbery, Liv. 7, 25 fin.; 22, 39; 28, 24: Quint. 3, 7, 24; Sen. Ep. 70 fin.; Curt. 3, 10 fin.; Just. 41, 4, 7; Verg. A. 7, 749; Ov. M. 11, 291; id. Tr. 5, 10, 16;for which: ex rapto vivere,
id. M. 1, 144; so,rapto gaudere,
Liv. 29, 6, 3 Drak.:rapto potiri,
Verg. A. 4, 217:rapto uti,
Vell. 2, 73, 3:sine rapto vivere,
id. 2, 32 fin. —To cut off, mutilate ( poet.):3.caput,
Sil. 15, 807:ora gladio,
id. 7, 704:rapuit non dente ferarum,
Luc. 10, 517.—To carry off suddenly or prematurely by death, to snatch away ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):II.improvisa leti Vis rapuit rapietque gentes,
Hor. C. 2, 13, 20; so id. ib. 2, 17, 5; 4, 2, 21; id. Ep. 1, 14, 7; Verg. A. 6, 428; Ov. P. 4, 11, 5; Stat. S. 2, 1, 208; 5, 3, 16; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 46; Suet. Calig. 7; Just. 2, 2, 13 (but Liv. 3, 50, 8: fato erepta, v. Drak.)— Absol.:et labor et durae rapit inclementia mortis,
i. e. hurries on, Verg. G. 3, 68:RAPTA EST = obiit,
Inscr. Orell. 4475.Transf. ( poet.), of any action or motion which resembles seizing, snatching, etc.:III.flammanm,
to catch quickly, Verg. A. 1, 176; Ov. M. 3, 374; cf.:incendia,
id. ib. 15, 350: nigrum colorem, to take or assume quickly, id. ib. 7, 289; cf.:vim monstri,
id. ib. 4, 744;and v. III.: Halesus Turno feroces Mille rapit populos,
leads hastily on, Verg. A. 7, 725; cf. id. ib. 10, 178: rapiuntque ruuntque; Litora deseruere, take hold, seize in haste (the cables, etc.), id. ib. 4, 581; cf.:scalas, Auct. B. Alex. 20, 4.—Of the gliding movement of a serpent nec rapit immensos orbes per humum,
sweeps along, Verg. G. 2, 153:pars densa ferarum Tecta rapit,
i. e. range quickly through, Verg. A. 6, 8 Heyne; cf.:acrior et campum sonipes rapit,
Stat. Th. 5, 3.Trop.A.In gen., to snatch, force, or hurry away:B.fertur quasi torrens oratio, quamvis multa cujusquemodi rapiat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 1, 3:ipsae res verba rapiunt,
carry along with them, id. ib. 3, 5, 19: aspice me quanto rapiat Fortuna periclo, carries away (the figure taken from a storm at sea), Prop. 1, 15, 3:aliquem in deteriorem viam,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 54; cf.:(comoediam) in pejorem partem,
i. e. to put a bad construction upon, to misconstrue, misrepresent, Ter. Ad. prol. 3: consilium meum in contrariam partem, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 2:aliquem in invidiam,
Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 7:opinionibus vulgi rapimur in errorem,
id. Leg. 2, 17, 43:si quis in adversum rapiat casusve deusve,
Verg. A. 9, 211; Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:cum aliqua his ampla et honesta res objecta est, totos ad se convertit et rapit,
seizes upon, appropriates, id. Off. 2, 10, 37; cf.:commoda ad se,
id. ib. 3, 5, 22:victoriae gloriam in se,
Liv. 33, 11 fin.:almum Quae rapit hora diem,
snatches away, Hor. C. 4, 7, 8; cf.:simul tecum solatia rapta,
Verg. E. 9, 18:impetus rapit huc, rapit illuc,
Stat. Th. 12, 794.—In partic.1.To carry along or away with passion, to transport, ravish, captivate; and with a designation of the limit, to carry or hurry away, to attract strongly to any thing (usually in a bad sense):2.impetu raptus,
Quint. 7, 2, 44:judicem rapere,
id. 6, 2, 3; cf. id. 10, 1, 110; 12, 10, 61:praedae ac rapinarum cupiditas caeca te rapiebat,
Cic. Pis. 24, 57:amentiā rapi,
id. Fam. 16, 12, 2:furorne caecus, an rapit vis acrior, An culpa?
Hor. Epod. 7, 13; cf.:in medias res auditorem,
id. A. P. 149:utraque forma rapit,
Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 44:quem (sc. leonem) cruenta Per medias rapit ira caedes,
Hor. C. 3, 2, 12:rapit omnes ira,
Sil. 14, 299: hormê, quae hominem huc et illuc rapit, Cic. Off. 1, 28 fin.; cf. Verg. A. 4, 286; 8, 21:ad quas (res) plerique inflammati aviditate rapiuntur,
Cic. Off. 2, 11, 38:animus cupidine caecus ad inceptum scelus rapiebat,
Sall. J. 25, 7:ea (cupiditas) ad oppugnandam Capuam rapit,
Liv. 7, 30 et saep.—In a good sense:qui ad divinarum rerum cognitionem curā omni studioque rapiantur,
Cic. Div. 1, 49, 111:rapi ad opes augendas generis humani,
id. Rep. 1, 2, 3. — Poet., with inf. (for ad aliquid):(mundus) rapit aetherios per carmina pandere census,
Manil. 1, 12.—To seize by violence, to snatch, steal ( poet.): Hippodameam raptis nactu'st nuptiis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 26 (Trag. v. 398 Vahl.):3.oscula,
Hor. C. 2, 12, 28; Tib. 1, 4, 53; 55; [p. 1524] 1, 8, 58; cf.:Venerem incertam,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 109; cf.:sed rapiat sitiens Venerem,
but may eagerly seize upon, Verg. G. 3, 137:illicitas voluptates,
Tac. H. 3, 41:spem adoptionis acrius in dies,
id. ib. 1, 13 fin.:quo facinore dominationem raptum ierit expediam,
id. A. 4, 1; cf. id. H. 2, 6.—With the idea of rapidity or haste predominating, to snatch, seize, or lay hold of quickly, to hasten, precipitate ( poet.; in prose only since the Aug. per.): vive, Ulixes, dum licet: Oculis postremum lumen radiatum rape: non dixit cape, non pete; haberet enim moram sperantis diutius sese victurum;4.sed rape,
Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 162 (from an old poet.):rapiamus, amici, Occasionem de die,
Hor. Epod. 13, 3; so,occasionem,
Juv. 15, 39:viam,
to hasten, Ov. H. 19, 74 Loers; cf.iter,
Sil. 12, 471:gressus,
Luc. 3, 116:cursus,
id. 5, 403:letum,
id. 4, 345:bellum,
to wage suddenly, id. 5, 403:nefas,
to hasten, precipitate, id. 10, 428:ut limis rapias, quid prima secundo Cera velit versu,
may hastily note, Hor. S. 2, 5, 53 al. —In prose:raptae prope inter arma nuptiae,
Liv. 30, 14, 2 Drak.:repente impetu facto transitum rapuit,
Front. Strat. 1, 4, 8:inter rapienda momenta periculorum communium,
Amm. 18, 7, 7 et saep.—In late Lat., to strive for in purchasing:exemplaria litterarum certatim,
Hier. Ep. 57, 2:librum totā certatim urbe,
Sulp. Sev. Dial. 1, 23. -
40 rapta
răpĭo, pŭi, ptum, 3 (old perf. subj. rapsit, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; part. perf. fem. ex raptabus, Gell. ap. Charis. p. 39 P.), v. a. [root harp; Gr. harpê, a bird of prey, harpagê, harpazô; Lat. rapidus, rapax, rapina, etc.; cf. Sanscr. lup-, lumpāmi, rumpo; Gr. lupê], to seize and carry off, to snatch, tear, drag, draw, or hurry away, = violenter sive celeriter capio (freq. and class.; in Cæs. not at all, and in Cic. mostly in the trop. signif.; cf.: ago, fero, traho, capio, sumo).I.Lit.A.In gen., Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 15; 30; 31:B.quo rapitis me? quo fertis me?
id. Men. 5, 7, 10; cf. Verg. A. 6, 845; Ov. M. 9, 121:quo me cunque rapit tempestas?
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 15; cf. id. C. 3, 25, 1:sumasne pudenter an rapias,
snatch, id. Ep. 1, 17, 45; cf. id. S. 1, 5, 76:hostes vivos rapere soleo ex acie: ex hoc nomen mihi est (sc. Harpax),
Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 60:te ex lustris uxor,
id. As. 5, 2, 84:volucri spe et cogitatione rapi a domo,
Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 7:ab aede rapuit funale,
Ov. M. 12, 247:torrem ab aris,
id. ib. 12, 271:deque sinu matris ridentem... Learchum... rapit,
id. ib. 4, 516 (for which, simply sinu, id. ib. 13, 450):hastam, de vulnere,
id. ib. 5, 137:telum,
Verg. A. 10, 486:repagula de posti,
Ov. M. 5, 120:(frondes) altā rapit arbore ventus,
id. ib. 3, 730:vi atque ingratis... rapiam te domum,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 40:aliquem sublimem domum,
id. As. 5, 2, 18; cf.:sublimem,
id. Mil. 5, 1; id. Men. 5, 7, 6; Ter. And. 5, 2, 20:commeatum in naves rapiunt,
Liv. 41, 3:aliquem in jus,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 21; so,in jus,
id. Poen. 5, 5, 56; Hor. S. 1, 9, 77; 2, 3, 72; cf.:in jus ad regem,
Liv. 1, 26:in carcerem,
Suet. Tib. 11; 61:aliquem ad cornuficem,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 156; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 37:ad praetorem,
id. Aul. 4, 10, 30:ad supplicium ob facinus,
Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 238:ad mortem,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 52, § 138; id. Cat. 1, 10, 27:ad tortorem,
id. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:ad poenam,
Suet. Claud. 10; 37; id. Vit. 14:ad consulem,
Liv. 10, 20:matres, virgines, pueros ad stuprum,
id. 26, 13:teneram virginem ad virum,
Cat. 61, 3 (cf.:rapi simulatur virgo ex gremio matris, aut, si ea non est, ex proximā necessitudine, cum ad virum traditur, quod videlicet ea res feliciter Romulo cessit,
Fest. p. 289 Müll.):illum (sc. lembum) in praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203:nec variis obsita frondibus Sub divum rapiam,
drag into open day, Hor. C. 1, 18, 13. — Poet.:Nasonis carmina rapti,
i. e. torn from his home, borne far away, Ov. P. 4, 16, 1; cf. id. H. 13, 9; Stat. S. 3, 5, 6. —With the idea of swiftness predominating:2.Turnus rapit Totam aciem in Teucros,
Verg. A. 10, 308:rapit agmina ductor,
Luc. 1, 228:agmina cursu,
Sil. 7, 116:legiones,
Plin. Pan. 14:curru rapi,
Sil. 1, 134:quattuor hinc rapimur raedis,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 86:Notus rapit biremes,
Sil. 17, 276:carinas venti rapuere,
Luc. 3, 46:rapit per aequora navem,
hurries it away, Verg. A. 10, 660; cf.:ventis per aequora,
Ov. M. 14, 470:missos currus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 114:pedes quo te rapiunt,
id. C. 3, 11, 49:arma rapiat juventus,
snatch up, Verg. A. 7, 340; so,arma,
Ov. M. 2, 603:arma manu,
Verg. A. 8, 220:bipennem dextrā,
id. ib. 11, 651:cingula,
id. ib. 9, 364.—With reflex. pron., to hasten, hurry, tear one ' s self, etc.:C.ocius hinc te Ni rapis,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 118; cf. Ov. Am. 3, 5, 29:se ad caedem optimi cujusque,
Cic. Phil. 13, 8, 18.—In partic.1.To carry off by force; to seize, rob, ravish; to plunder, ravage, lay waste, take by assault, carry by force, etc. (very freq.; cf.(α).praedor),
Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 11:erat ei vivendum latronum ritu, ut tantum haberet, quantum rapere potuisset,
Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 62:tamquam pilam rapiunt inter se rei publicae statum tyranm ab regibus,
id. Rep. 1, 44, 68:virgines rapi jussit... quae raptae erant, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 7, 12; 2, 8, 14; so,virgines,
to carry off, abduct, Sall. C. 51, 9; Liv. 1, 9; Quint. 7, 7, 3; 9, 2, 70; Hor. C. 2, 4, 8; Ov. M. 12, 225; id. A. A. 1, 680:raptus a dis Ganymedes,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65:ab Idā,
Hor. C. 3, 20, 16:omne sacrum rapiente dextrā,
id. ib. 3, 3, 52:alii rapiunt incensa feruntque Pergama,
pillage and plunder, Verg. A. 2, 374 (the Homeric agousi kai pherousi; for which, in prose, ferre et agere; v. ago); cf.:rapturus moenia Romae,
Luc. 3, 99:Theumeson,
to seize by force, Stat. Th. 4, 370:Armeniam,
to plunder, lay waste, Tac. A. 13, 6:Karthaginem,
Sil. 15, 401:urbem,
Stat. Th. 7, 599:raptas ad litora vertere praedas,
Verg. A. 1, 528.— Absol.:rapio propalam,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 10:ut Spartae, rapere ubi pueri et clepere discunt,
Cic. Rep. 4, 5, 11 (Non. 20, 14):agunt, rapiunt, tenent,
id. Rep. 3, 33, 45 Mos.; cf.along with trahere,
Sall. C. 11, 4; id. J. 41, 5;with congerere, auferre,
Mart. 8, 44, 9.— With the idea of rapidity predominating: castra urbesque primo impetu rapere, to conquer rapidly (= raptim capere), Liv. 6, 23, 5 Drak.; so,castra,
Flor. 3, 20, 4; 4, 12, 34:Bithyniam,
id. 3, 5, 6:Hispaniam,
id. 2, 17, 6:arces,
Luc. 6, 14.— Part. perf. subst.rapta, ae, f., the ravished one, the seduced:(β).gratus raptae raptor fuit,
Ov. A. A. 1, 680; id. H. 5, 97; 13, 55; 16, 339; id. F. 4, 607.—raptum, i, n., the plunder, that which is stolen:2.rapto vivere,
to live by robbery, Liv. 7, 25 fin.; 22, 39; 28, 24: Quint. 3, 7, 24; Sen. Ep. 70 fin.; Curt. 3, 10 fin.; Just. 41, 4, 7; Verg. A. 7, 749; Ov. M. 11, 291; id. Tr. 5, 10, 16;for which: ex rapto vivere,
id. M. 1, 144; so,rapto gaudere,
Liv. 29, 6, 3 Drak.:rapto potiri,
Verg. A. 4, 217:rapto uti,
Vell. 2, 73, 3:sine rapto vivere,
id. 2, 32 fin. —To cut off, mutilate ( poet.):3.caput,
Sil. 15, 807:ora gladio,
id. 7, 704:rapuit non dente ferarum,
Luc. 10, 517.—To carry off suddenly or prematurely by death, to snatch away ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):II.improvisa leti Vis rapuit rapietque gentes,
Hor. C. 2, 13, 20; so id. ib. 2, 17, 5; 4, 2, 21; id. Ep. 1, 14, 7; Verg. A. 6, 428; Ov. P. 4, 11, 5; Stat. S. 2, 1, 208; 5, 3, 16; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 46; Suet. Calig. 7; Just. 2, 2, 13 (but Liv. 3, 50, 8: fato erepta, v. Drak.)— Absol.:et labor et durae rapit inclementia mortis,
i. e. hurries on, Verg. G. 3, 68:RAPTA EST = obiit,
Inscr. Orell. 4475.Transf. ( poet.), of any action or motion which resembles seizing, snatching, etc.:III.flammanm,
to catch quickly, Verg. A. 1, 176; Ov. M. 3, 374; cf.:incendia,
id. ib. 15, 350: nigrum colorem, to take or assume quickly, id. ib. 7, 289; cf.:vim monstri,
id. ib. 4, 744;and v. III.: Halesus Turno feroces Mille rapit populos,
leads hastily on, Verg. A. 7, 725; cf. id. ib. 10, 178: rapiuntque ruuntque; Litora deseruere, take hold, seize in haste (the cables, etc.), id. ib. 4, 581; cf.:scalas, Auct. B. Alex. 20, 4.—Of the gliding movement of a serpent nec rapit immensos orbes per humum,
sweeps along, Verg. G. 2, 153:pars densa ferarum Tecta rapit,
i. e. range quickly through, Verg. A. 6, 8 Heyne; cf.:acrior et campum sonipes rapit,
Stat. Th. 5, 3.Trop.A.In gen., to snatch, force, or hurry away:B.fertur quasi torrens oratio, quamvis multa cujusquemodi rapiat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 1, 3:ipsae res verba rapiunt,
carry along with them, id. ib. 3, 5, 19: aspice me quanto rapiat Fortuna periclo, carries away (the figure taken from a storm at sea), Prop. 1, 15, 3:aliquem in deteriorem viam,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 54; cf.:(comoediam) in pejorem partem,
i. e. to put a bad construction upon, to misconstrue, misrepresent, Ter. Ad. prol. 3: consilium meum in contrariam partem, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 2:aliquem in invidiam,
Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 7:opinionibus vulgi rapimur in errorem,
id. Leg. 2, 17, 43:si quis in adversum rapiat casusve deusve,
Verg. A. 9, 211; Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:cum aliqua his ampla et honesta res objecta est, totos ad se convertit et rapit,
seizes upon, appropriates, id. Off. 2, 10, 37; cf.:commoda ad se,
id. ib. 3, 5, 22:victoriae gloriam in se,
Liv. 33, 11 fin.:almum Quae rapit hora diem,
snatches away, Hor. C. 4, 7, 8; cf.:simul tecum solatia rapta,
Verg. E. 9, 18:impetus rapit huc, rapit illuc,
Stat. Th. 12, 794.—In partic.1.To carry along or away with passion, to transport, ravish, captivate; and with a designation of the limit, to carry or hurry away, to attract strongly to any thing (usually in a bad sense):2.impetu raptus,
Quint. 7, 2, 44:judicem rapere,
id. 6, 2, 3; cf. id. 10, 1, 110; 12, 10, 61:praedae ac rapinarum cupiditas caeca te rapiebat,
Cic. Pis. 24, 57:amentiā rapi,
id. Fam. 16, 12, 2:furorne caecus, an rapit vis acrior, An culpa?
Hor. Epod. 7, 13; cf.:in medias res auditorem,
id. A. P. 149:utraque forma rapit,
Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 44:quem (sc. leonem) cruenta Per medias rapit ira caedes,
Hor. C. 3, 2, 12:rapit omnes ira,
Sil. 14, 299: hormê, quae hominem huc et illuc rapit, Cic. Off. 1, 28 fin.; cf. Verg. A. 4, 286; 8, 21:ad quas (res) plerique inflammati aviditate rapiuntur,
Cic. Off. 2, 11, 38:animus cupidine caecus ad inceptum scelus rapiebat,
Sall. J. 25, 7:ea (cupiditas) ad oppugnandam Capuam rapit,
Liv. 7, 30 et saep.—In a good sense:qui ad divinarum rerum cognitionem curā omni studioque rapiantur,
Cic. Div. 1, 49, 111:rapi ad opes augendas generis humani,
id. Rep. 1, 2, 3. — Poet., with inf. (for ad aliquid):(mundus) rapit aetherios per carmina pandere census,
Manil. 1, 12.—To seize by violence, to snatch, steal ( poet.): Hippodameam raptis nactu'st nuptiis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 26 (Trag. v. 398 Vahl.):3.oscula,
Hor. C. 2, 12, 28; Tib. 1, 4, 53; 55; [p. 1524] 1, 8, 58; cf.:Venerem incertam,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 109; cf.:sed rapiat sitiens Venerem,
but may eagerly seize upon, Verg. G. 3, 137:illicitas voluptates,
Tac. H. 3, 41:spem adoptionis acrius in dies,
id. ib. 1, 13 fin.:quo facinore dominationem raptum ierit expediam,
id. A. 4, 1; cf. id. H. 2, 6.—With the idea of rapidity or haste predominating, to snatch, seize, or lay hold of quickly, to hasten, precipitate ( poet.; in prose only since the Aug. per.): vive, Ulixes, dum licet: Oculis postremum lumen radiatum rape: non dixit cape, non pete; haberet enim moram sperantis diutius sese victurum;4.sed rape,
Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 162 (from an old poet.):rapiamus, amici, Occasionem de die,
Hor. Epod. 13, 3; so,occasionem,
Juv. 15, 39:viam,
to hasten, Ov. H. 19, 74 Loers; cf.iter,
Sil. 12, 471:gressus,
Luc. 3, 116:cursus,
id. 5, 403:letum,
id. 4, 345:bellum,
to wage suddenly, id. 5, 403:nefas,
to hasten, precipitate, id. 10, 428:ut limis rapias, quid prima secundo Cera velit versu,
may hastily note, Hor. S. 2, 5, 53 al. —In prose:raptae prope inter arma nuptiae,
Liv. 30, 14, 2 Drak.:repente impetu facto transitum rapuit,
Front. Strat. 1, 4, 8:inter rapienda momenta periculorum communium,
Amm. 18, 7, 7 et saep.—In late Lat., to strive for in purchasing:exemplaria litterarum certatim,
Hier. Ep. 57, 2:librum totā certatim urbe,
Sulp. Sev. Dial. 1, 23.
См. также в других словарях:
off|take — «AWF TAYK, OF », noun. British. 1. the act of taking off, as when purchase of goods takes them off the market; consumption. 2. that which is taken off; a deduction. 3. a means of drawing off or away, as a pipe, tube, or course … Useful english dictionary
off-take — Смотри Дымоход … Энциклопедический словарь по металлургии
Take off — v. t. 1. To remove, as from the surface or outside; to remove from the top of anything; as, to take off a load; to take off one s hat. [1913 Webster] 2. To cut off; as, to take off the head, or a limb. [1913 Webster] 3. To destroy; as, to take o … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Take-off — rsp. Takeoff (englisch: take off, take off oder takeoff) bezeichnet: das Abheben eines Luftfahrzeuges, siehe Start (Luftfahrt) Take off Modell, ein Modell in der Entwicklungstheorie, siehe The Stages of Economic Growth: A Noncommunist Manifesto… … Deutsch Wikipedia
take — [n] profit booty*, catch, catching, cut, gate, haul*, holding, part, proceeds, receipts, return, returns, revenue, share, takings, yield; concept 344 Ant. debt, loss take [v1] get; help oneself to abduct, accept, acquire, arrest, attain, capture … New thesaurus
off — off1 [ôf, äf] adv. [LME var. of of,OF1, later generalized for all occurrences of of in stressed positions] 1. so as to be or keep away, at a distance, to a side, etc. [to move off, to ward off] 2. so as to be measured, divided, etc. [to pace off … English World dictionary
take — ► VERB (past took; past part. taken) 1) lay hold of with one s hands; reach for and hold. 2) occupy (a place or position). 3) capture or gain possession of by force. 4) carry or bring with one; convey. 5) remove from a place. 6) … English terms dictionary
take\ off\ the\ edge — • take the edge off • take off the edge v. phr. To lessen, weaken, soften or make dull. Eating a candy bar before dinner has taken the edge off Becky s appetite. Bob was sorry for hurting Tom and that took the edge off Tom s anger. A headache… … Словарь американских идиом
take\ the\ edge\ off — • take the edge off • take off the edge v. phr. To lessen, weaken, soften or make dull. Eating a candy bar before dinner has taken the edge off Becky s appetite. Bob was sorry for hurting Tom and that took the edge off Tom s anger. A headache… … Словарь американских идиом
Take off — v. i. 1. to begin a leap from a surface or a flight into the air; especially, (of a bird or an airplane) to leave the ground and begin to fly; as, flight CA123 took off on schedule at 3:00 PM. [PJC] 2. to begin a period of accelerating growth or … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
take — take1 W1S1 [teık] v past tense took [tuk] past participle taken [ˈteıkən] ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 1¦(action)¦ 2¦(move)¦ 3¦(remove)¦ 4¦(time/money/effort etc)¦ 5¦(accept)¦ 6¦(hold something)¦ 7¦(travel)¦ 8 … Dictionary of contemporary English