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21 ἐπι[πολ]ᾷ
ἐπι[πολ]-ᾷ,A = ἐπιπολῆς (cf.ἐπιπολή 11
), Mnemos.42.332 (Argos, iv B.C.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπι[πολ]ᾷ
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22 ἡγεμών
ἡγεμών, [dialect] Dor. [pref] ἁγ-, [dialect] Aeol. [full] ἀγίμων IG12(2).164 (Mytil.), al., όνος, ὁ; also ἡ, Pi.I.8(7).22, A.Supp. 722, Aeschin.1.171, X.Oec. (infr. 11):—A one who leads; and so,I in Od., guide, 10.505, 15.310, Hdt.5.14, S.Ant. 1014, Pl.Men. 97b;ἡγεμόνες γενέσθαι τινὶ τῆς ὁδοῦ Hdt.8.31
, cf. E.Hec. 281, X.Mem.1.3.4;ἡ. ποδὸς τυφλοῦ E.Ph. 1616
;ἡγεμόνες τοῦ πλοῦ Th.7.50
; of a charioteer, S.OT 804.2 one who does a thing first, shows the way to others,τοῖς νεωτέροις ἡ. ἠθῶν χρηστῶν γίγνεσθαι Pl.Lg. 670e
;πατέρες τῆς σοφίας καὶ ἡ. Id.Ly. 214a
;πόνους τοῦ ζῆν ἡδέως ἡγεμόνας νομίζετε X.Cyr.1.5.12
;τῆς εἰρήνης ἡ. D.18.24
; [ἀχαριστία] ἐπὶ πάντα τὰ αἰσχρὰ ἡ. X.Cyr.1.2.7
: abs., of choir-leaders, Mnemos.47.253 (Argos, ii/i B.C.).II in Il., leader, commander, chief, opp. λαοί, πληθύς, 2.365, 11.304: c. gen., ἡγεμόνες Δαναῶν, φυλάκων, etc., 2.487, 9.85, cf. Hdt.6.43, 7.62, al.; στρατηγὸς καὶ ἡ. τῶν 'Ελλήνων πρὸς τὸν βάρβαρον ib. 158;ἡ. τῶν πολέμων Id.9.33
; ἔχοντες ἡγεμόνας τῶν πάνυ [στρατηγῶν] Th.8.89; = λοχαγός, Arr.Tact. 5.6;ἡ. τῶν ἐν προχειρισμῷ PAmh.2.39
(ii B.C.); chief, sovereign, Pi.I. 8(7).22, etc.;ἡ. γῆς τῆσδε S.OT 103
, cf. OC 289;πάντων.. καὶ αὐτοῦ βασιλέως ἡ. X.HG3.5.14
;ἡ. συμμορίας D.21.157
; of the queen-bee and queen-wasp, regarded by Arist. as males, Arist.HA 553a25, 629a3 (butἡ τῶν μελισσῶν ἡ. X.Oec.7.32
, cf. 38); ὁ ἡ. τῶν προβάτων, of the bell-wether, Arist.HA 573b24; τῶν βοῶν ib. 575b1; (Piraeus, iv B.C.), cf. X.HG6.4.29.b ἡ. χοροῦ leader of a chorus, Poll.4.106;παῖδες ἡ. IG7.3196
(Orchom. [dialect] Boeot.); president of a gymnasium, ib.3.1086, al.c a Roman Emperor, Str.4.3.2, Plu.Cic.2, al.; as translation of princeps, Mon.Anc.Gr.7.9; ἡ. νεότητος, = Lat. princeps juventutis, ib.18; a provincial governor, Str.17.3.25, Ev.Matt.27.2, Act.Ap.23.24: freq. of the praefectus Aegypti, PRyl.119.4 (i A.D.), etc.; ἡ. ἀμφοτέρων, i.e. of Upper and Lower Egypt, POxy.39.6 (i A.D.);ἡ. Κύπρου
Tab. Defix.Aud.25.13
(iii A.D.).2 as Adj., ; [ ναῦς], of the flagship, A.Supp. 722;ἡ. τῆς φυλῆς κορυφαῖος D.21.60
(s.v.l.);ἡ. πόδες Arist.HA 490b5
, IA 713b32: as neut.,ἡγεμόσι μέρεσι Pl.Ti. 91e
.IV ἡγεμόνες, [dialect] Dor. ἁγ-, αἱ, in Architecture, coping-tiles of the roof, IG22.463.70, 1627.303, 4.1484.100 (Epid.).V a kind of fish, = ἡγητήρ 2, Plu.2.980f. -
23 Ὀδυσσεύς
Ὀδυσσ-εύς, έως, [dialect] Ion. -ῆος, ὁ (also [full] Οὐλιξεύς Hdn. Gr.1.14, [full] Οὐλίξης prob. in Ibyc. ap. Diom.p.321 K., [full] Ὀλυσεύς, [full] Ὀλυσσεύς, [full] Ὀλυτεύς, [full] Ὀλυττεύς, [full] Ὀλισεύς, [full] Ὠλυσσεύς Kretschmer Griech.Vaseninschr.pp.146,147, al.; cf. [full] Ὀλισσεῖδαι, οἱ, a φάτρα (q. v.) at Thebes and Argos, prob. in IG7.3659, Mnemos.43.372, 47.164):—A Odysseus, king of Ithaca, hero of the Odyssey: in Hom. also [full] Ὀδῠσεύς ; gen.Ὀδῠσεῦς Od.24.398
; acc. Ὀδυσσέα (last syll. short before a vowel) 17.301 ; Ὀδυσσέα ([pron. full] ?ὈδυσσεύςX ¯ ¯ ) S.Aj. 104,Ὀδυσσῆ Pi. N.8.26
,Ὀδυσσῆα Od.5.149
,Ὀδῠσῆα 1.74
,83,al.: Οὑδυσσεύς, crasis for ὁ Ὀδ., S.Ph. 572 : pl., .—On the mythic etym. of the name in Hom., v. ὀδύσσομαι :—Adj. [full] Ὀδύσσειος, α, ον, Tz.ad Lyc.1030, etc. ; [full] Ὀδύσσεια, τά, games in honour of Odysseus, Schwyzer 434.16 (Magn. Mae., iii B. C.) ; [full] Ὀδύσσειον, τό, temple of Odysseus, ib.2 ; [dialect] Ep. [full] Ὀδῠσήϊος Od.18.353.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > Ὀδυσσεύς
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24 ὀχετόκρανον
ὀχετό-κρᾱνον, τό,A end or issue of an aqueduct, Hyp.Fr. 132, Mnemos. 42.332 (Argos, iv B. C.):—[var] Dim. [suff] ὀχετο-κράνιον, τό, EM644.48, AB287 (expld. by κηλώνειον).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὀχετόκρανον
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25 ὄρος
ὄρος, εος, τό: gen. pl. ὀρέων (the form proper to [dialect] Ion. and other dialects) is required by the metre in E.Ba. 719 (iamb.) and freq. in lyr. verse, as S.OT 1106, and is alone used in LXX, Ge.8.5, al., cf. IG7.2225.18 (ii B. C.), Apoc.6.15; but ὀρῶν (the [dialect] Att. form) is required in A. Pr. 719, 811, Fr. 342, E.Ba. 791, and occurs in Th.3.24, Pl.Criti. 111c, SIG888.120 (Scaptopara, iii A. D.), etc.: the [dialect] Ep. and Lyr.forms οὔρεος, οὔρεϊ, οὔρεα, οὔρεσι prob. have οὐρ- metri gr. for ὀρ- (so ὤρεα, ὤρεος metri gr. in [dialect] Dor., Theoc.1.77, 115,4.35, Hymn.Is.162): the [dialect] Ion. form is ὀρ-, Od.9.21, al., Anacr.2.5,A v. ὄρειος ( οὔρεσιν is an Epicism in Semon.14.1, cf. οὔρη at end of a hexam., IG12(8).445.6 ([place name] Thasos)); ὄρος is found in codd. of Hdt.1.43, 2.8,12, 7.176 and should perh. be restd. elsewh.:—mountain, hill,ὄρεος κορυφῇσι Il.3.10
, al.;οὔρεος ἐν βήσσῃσιν 11.87
;ἐν ὄρεσσι 1.235
, al.;ἐν οὔρεσιν 24.614
, al.;τρέμε δ' οὔρεα μακρά 13.18
, etc.;Γαῖα.. γείνατο δ' Οὔρεα μακρά, θεῶν χαρίεντας ἐναύλους Hes.Th. 129
.2 canton, parish, ὄ. Ἀργειατᾶν, ὄ. Ὀγχνιάἱον, etc., Mnemos.42.332 (Argos, iv B.C.).3 in Egypt, desert, PTeb. 383.61 (i A. D.); as place of burial, POxy.274.27 (i A. D.), PRyl.153.5 (ii A. D.), PGrenf.2.77.22 (iii/iv A. D.).4 part of the foot, = τὸ ἄνω πρὸ τῶν δακτύλων, Poll.2.197.5 = ἀμίς, Sch.Ar.Ach.82. -
26 ὅδε
ὅδε, ἥδε, τόδε, demonstr. Pron.,A this, formed by adding the enclit. - δε to the old demonstr. Pron. ὁ, ἡ, τό, and declined like it through all cases: [dialect] Ep. dat. pl. τοῖσδεσσι, τοῖσδεσσιν, as well as τοῖσδε, Il.10.462, Od.2.47, al. ; andτοῖσδεσι 10.268
, 21.93 ;τοῖσδεσιν Democr. 175
;τοισίδε Hdt.1.32
, al.: [dialect] Aeol. gen. pl.τῶνδεων Alc.126
: Arg. gen. pl. τωνδεωνήν ( = τῶνδεων ἤν) Mnemos.57.208(vi B. C.): nom. pl. neut. ταδήν ibid., IG4.506.1 ; ταδή Sch.Ar.Ach. 744:—ὅδε, like οὗτος, is opp. ἐκεῖνος, to designate what is nearer as opp. to what is more remote ; but ὅδε refers more distinctly to what is present, to what can be seen or pointed out, though this distinction is sts. not observed, e.g.ξύμπας Ἀχαιῶν λαός, ἐν δὲ τοῖσδ' ἐγώ S.Ph. 1243
(v.l. τοῖς), cf. Ant. 449, and on the other hand, ἦ τόνδε φράζεις;—τοῦτον, ὅνπερ εἰσορᾷς Id.OT 1120
: the forms ὁδί, ἡδί, etc. [pron. full] [ῑ], are freq. in Com. and Oratt., but are not used in Trag.: the [pron. full] ῑ may be separated from the ὅδε by the adversative δέ, asτὸν μὲν.., τηνδεδί Ar.Av.18
, cf. Ec. 989.I of Place, to point out what is present or before one, Ἕκτορος ἥδε γυνή this is, or here is, the wife of Hector, Il.6.460 : very freq. in Trag.,ἀκτὴ μὲν ἥδε Λήμνου S.Ph.
I, cf.E.Tr.4, Ion5,Hel.I,HF 4,Ba.1 ; in Com., ἐγὼ σιωπῶ τῷδε; Ar.Ra. 1134, etc.; and in Prose,ὧν Θεόδωρος εἷς ὅδε Pl.Tht. 164e
; of what belongs to this world, Id.Phdr. 250a, Smp. 211c.2 with Verbs of action, = here, ἀνδρί, ὅστις ὅδε κρατέει who holds sway here, Il.5.175 ; ἔγχος μὲν τόδε κεῖται ἐπὶ χθονός here it lies, 20.345, cf. 21.533, Od.1.185, etc. ; ἥδ' ἡ κορώνη.. λέγει the crow here.., v.l. in Ar.Av.23 : freq. in Trag., esp. to indicate the entrance of a person on the stage, καὶ μὴν Ἐτεοκλῆς.. ὅδε χωρεῖ here comes.., E.Ph. 443, cf.S.OT 297, 531, 632, OC32, 549; f.l. in E.Heracl.80.3 with a pers. Pron., ὅδ' ἐγὼ.. ἤλυθον here am I come, Od.16.205 ; ἡμεῖς οἵδε περιφραζώμεθα let us here.., 1.76 ; δῶρα δ' ἐγὼν ὅδε.. παρασχέμεν here am I [ ready] to provide.., Il.19.140 : with a pr. n.,ὅδ' εἰμ' Ὀρέστης E.Or. 380
: withαὐτός, ὅδ' αὐτὸς ἐγώ Od.21.207
, 24.321.4 also with τίς and other interrog. words, τίς δ' ὅδε Ναυσικάᾳ ἕπεται; who is this following her? 6.276, cf. 1.225 ; τί κακὸν τόδε πάσχετε; what is this evil ye are suffering? 20.351 ; πρὸς ποῖον ἂν τόνδ'.. ἔπλει; S.Ph. 572, cf. 1204.5 in Trag. dialogue, ὅδε and ὅδ' ἀνήρ, = ἐγώ, Id.OT 534, 815, etc.; γυναικὸς τῆσδε, for ἐμοῦ, A.Ag. 1438 ;τῆσδέ γε ζώσης ἔτι S.Tr. 305
; so ξὺν τῇδε χερί with this hand of mine, Id.Ant.43, cf. OT 811.6 in Arist., τοδί designates a particular thing, 'such and such', ; , cf. b9 ;Καλλίᾳ κάμνοντι τηνδὶ τὴν νόσον τοδὶ συνήνεγκε Metaph. 981a8
; ; ἥδε ἡ ἰατρική, opp. αὐτὴ ἡ ἰ., Metaph. 997b30 ; τόδε τι a this, i.e. a fully specified particular, Cat. 3b10, al., cf. Gal.6.113,171 ;τόδε τι καὶ οὐσία Arist.Metaph. 1060b1
; πορευσόμεθα εἰς τήνδε τὴν πόλιν Ep. Jac.4.13.II of Time, to indicate the immediate present, , etc.: more strongly,κατ' ἦμαρ.. τὸ νῦν τόδε Id.Aj. 753
;τοῦδ' αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος Od.14.161
; but νυκτὸς τῆσδε in the night just past, S.Aj.21 ;νυκτὶ τῇδε Id.El. 644
; so τῆσδε τῆς ὁδοῦ on this present journey, Id.OT 1478, cf. Ant. 878 (cj.) ; also ἀπόλλυμαι τάλας ἔτος τόδ' ἤδη δέκατον now for these ten years, Id.Ph. 312 ; τῶνδε τῶν ἀσκητῶν athletes of the present day, Pl.R. 403e.2 ἐς τόδε elliptic c. gen.,ἐς τόδ' ἡμέρας E.Ph. 425
;ἐς τόδε ἡλικίης Hdt.7.38
; πῶς ἐς τόδ' ἂν τόλμης ἔβη; S.OT 125.III in sentences beginning this is.., the Engl. this is freq. represented by nom. pl. neut. τάδε ; ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἔρανος τάδε γ' ἐστίν this is not an ἔρανος, Od.1.226 ; ἆρ' οὐχ ὕβρις τάδ'; is not this insolence? S.OC 883 ; of persons, Ἀπόλλων τάδ' ἦν this was A., S. OT 1329 (lyr.) ;οὐ γὰρ ἔσθ' Ἕκτωρ τάδε E.Andr. 168
;οὐκέτι Τροία τάδε Id.Tr. 100
(anap.) ;οὐ τάδε Βρόμιος Id.Cyc.63
(lyr.) ;οὐκ Ἴωνες τάδε εἰσίν Th.6.77
; τάδ' οὐχὶ Πελοπόννησος, ἀλλ' Ἰωνία Inscr. ap.Str.9.1.6.2 to indicate something immediately to come, τόδε μοι κρήηνον ἐέλδωρ (which then follows) Il.1.41, 504, cf. 455, al. ;Ἀθηναίων οἵδε ἀπέθανον IG12.943.2
: hence, in historical writers, opp. what goes before (cf. οὗτος c. 1.2),ταῦτα μὲν Λακεδαιμόνιοι λέγουσι.., τάδε δὲ ἐγὼ γράφω Hdt.6.53
;ταῦτα μὲν δὴ σὺ λέγεις· παρ' ἡμῶν δὲ ἀπάγγελλε τάδε X.An.2.1.20
, etc. ; v. οὗτος B.1.2 ; opp. ἐκεῖνος, S.El. 784 : rarely applied to different persons in the same sentence, νῦν ὅδε [La<*>us] πρὸς τῆς τύχης ὄλωλεν, οὐδὲ τοῦδ' ὕπο [ by Oedipus] Id.OT 948.3 as 'antecedent' to a defining Relat.,ὃν πόλις στήσειε, τοῦδε χρὴ κλύειν Id.Ant. 666
, cf. Tr.23, Ph.87, etc.: in Hom., in such cases, the δέ is separate, asὃς δέ κε μηρίνθοιο τύχῃ.., ὁ δ' οἴσεται ἡμιπέλεκκα Il.23.858
, cf. Od.11.148, 149, al. (but ὅδε sts. has its deictic force and the relat. clause merely explains, asνήσου τῆσδ' ἐφ' ἧς ναίει S.Ph. 613
, cf. Il.2.346, X.An.7.3.47, etc.).IV Adverbial usage of some cases:1 τῇδε,a of Place, here, on the spot, Il.12.345, Od. 6.173, etc. ; soτῶν τε ὑπὸ γῆς θεῶν καὶ τῶν τ. Pl.Lg. 958d
.2 acc. neut. τόδε with ἱκάνω, etc., hither, to this spot, Il.14.298, Od.1.409, al. ; alsoδεῦρο τόδε Il.14.309
, Od.17.444, 524.3 dat. pl. neut., τοισίδε in or with these words,τοισίδε ἀμείβεται Hdt.1.120
; τοισίδε προέχει in these respects, ib.32. -
27 ὅρος
Aὄρβος 700.1
); Cret. and Arg. [full] ὦρος SIG685.59, Mnemos.42.332 ; Heracl. [full] ὄρος Tab.Heracl.1.53, al., cf. ἄντορος; [dialect] Ion. [full] οὖρος GDI5518 and 5493b25, Democr.4, Hdt. (v. infr.) (also Theraean IG12(3).436); Megarian [full] ὄρρος (?) Berl.Sitzb.1888.885, cf. ὁμορέω: ὁ:—boundary, landmark,ἀμφ' οὔροισι δύ' ἀνέρε δηριάασθον Il.12.421
;λίθον.., τόν ῥ' ἄνδρες πρότεροι θέσαν ἔμμεναι οὖρον ἀρούρης 21.405
;ἐγὼ δὲ τούτων ὥσπερ ἐν μεταιχμίῳ ὅ. κατέστην Sol.
ap. Arist.Ath.12.5 : the regions separated by the boundary are usu. in gen., , etc.: in dat., (lyr.): with a single gen.,ῥεῖθρον ἠπείροιν ὅρον A.Pr. 790
; γάμου ὅ. the time within which one may marry, Pl.Lg. 785b ; οἱ ὅ. τῶν διαστημάτων the notes which limit the intervals in the musical scale, Id.Phlb. 17d, cf. Aristox. Harm.pp.49,56 M. ;ὅροι τρεῖς ἁρμονίας.., νεάτης τε καὶ ὑπάτης καὶ μέσης Pl.R. 443d
; ἐς ἑβδομήκοντα ἔτεα οὖρον τῆς ζόης ἀνθρώπῳ προτίθημι I set the limit of human life at seventy years, Hdt.1.32, cf. 74, 216;ζωᾶς ὅρον ἡμετέρας B.5.144
: abs., εἰς τὸν τόπον.., ἐν οἷς ἂν.. ὅρους θῶνται τῶν ὠνίων wherever (they) appoint fixed places for trading, Pl.Lg. 849e; decision of a magistrate,ὅρον δώσω PThead.15.20
(iii A.D.); soὅρον προσγράψαι D.23.40
;ὅρους τοῖς βαρβάροις πήξαντες Lycurg.73
;εἷς ὅρος παγήσεται Th.4.92
;τὸν ὅρον ὑπερβάντες Pl.R. 373d
, etc.: also in pl., bounds, boundaries,ἐν οὔροισι χώρης Hdt.4.52
, cf. 125;τοὺς Αἰγυπτίων οὔρους Id.2.17
;ὑπὸ Κυλλάνας ὅροις Pi.O.6.77
;γῆς ἐπ' ἐσχάτοις ὅροις A.Pr. 666
;τὸ ἀκόντιον ἔξω τῶν ὅ. τῆς αὑτοῦ πορείας.. ἐξενεχθὲν ἔτρωσεν αὐτόν Antipho 3.2.4
;ἐντὸς ὅρων Ἡρακλείων Pl.Ti. 25c
.2 metaph.,ὅροι θεσπεσίας ὁδοῦ A.Ag. 1154
(lyr.); θῆλυς ὅ. the boundary of a woman's mind, v. ἐπινέμω 11.3.b pillar (whether inscribed or not, cf. Harp.) set up on mortgaged property, to serve as a bond or register of the debt, Sol.36 ;ὅπως.. ὅροι τεθεῖεν Is.6.36
: with gen. of the amount, τίθησιν ὅρους ἐπὶ μὲν τὴν οἰκίαν δισχιλίων (sc. δραχμῶν),ἐπὶ δὲ τὸ χωρίον ταλάντου D.31.1
, cf. 25.69 ;δανείζειν τοὺς ἱερέας.. ἐπὶ χωρίῳ.. καὶ ὅρον ἐφιστάναι IG22.1183.29
, cf. D. 41.6, Thphr.Char.10.9 : specimens are IG12(7).412 ([place name] Amorgos), 22.2642,al.c boundary-stone marking the limits of temple-lands, ὅ. τοῦ ἱεροῦ ib.12.858, cf. 860,22.2597, al.; ὅρος· μὴ τοιχοδομεῖν ἐντὸς τῶν ὅρων ἰδιώτην ib.7.422 (Orop.), cf. 1785 (Thesp.), etc. ; ὅ. κρήνης, λεσχέων δημοσίων, ὁδοῦ, etc., ib.12.874,888,877, etc. ; similarly, ὅ. σήματος ib.903, al., 22.2568, al.; ὅ. μνημάτων ib.12.906; ὅ. μνήματος ib.22.2527, al.; ὅ. θήκης ib.2586, al.III standard, measure, ἢν δ' ἄγαν δοκῶ χρονίζειν.. Answ. τοῦδ' ὅ. τίς ἐστί μοι; E.IT 1219 ;ὅροι τῶν ἀγαθῶν καὶ κανόνες D.18.296
; rule, canon,εἷς ὅρος, μία βροτοῖσίν ἐστιν εὐτυχίας ὁδός B.Fr.7
;ὅρον πολιτείας ὁλιγαρχικῆς ταξάμενοι πλῆθος χρημάτων Pl.R. 551a
;ἀριστοκρατίας ὅρος ἀρετή, ὀλιγαρχίας πλοῦτος Arist.Pol. 1294a10
;ὁμολογίᾳ θέμενοι ὅρον, εἰς τοῦτο ἀποβλέποντες καὶ ἀναφέροντες τὴν σκέψιν ποιώμεθα Pl.Phdr. 237d
: hence, end, aim,ἕν' ὅ. θέμενος παντὶ τρόπῳ μ' ἀνελεῖν D.21.105
.IV in Logic, term of a proposition (whether subject or predicate), Arist.APr. 24b16, Cael. 282a1, al. ; ὅ. μέσος the middle term, Id.EN 1142b24, cf. APr. 25b33 sq.: hence,b definition,ἔστι ὅ. λόγος ὁ τὸ τί ἦν εἶναι σημαίνων Id.Top. 101b39
, cf. 139a24, al. ; defined asἡ τοῦ ἰδίου ἀπόδοσις Chrysipp.Stoic.2.75
: in pl., title of pseudo-Platonic work.3 pl., terms, conditions,συνθέσθαι πρός τινα ἐπὶ ὅροις, ὥστε.. CPR19.8
(iv A.D.).4 Astrol., οἱ τρεῖς ὅ. the three terms, used in various calculations, Vett. Val.304.1, al. (Spir. lenis in some dialects which have not lost spir. asper is inferred from absence of a sign for h in Corc. ὄρϝος, Arg.ὦρος, Heracl. ὄρος, cf. ἄντορος.) -
28 ὅστις
A that): Hom. has also the masc. collat. formὅτις Od.1.47
, al. (also in Critias 2.9 and [dialect] Ion. and Arc. Prose, Jahresh.12.136 ([place name] Erythrae), IG12(5).22 ([place name] Ios), 5(2).343.34 (Orchom. Arc.)) and the neut.ὅττι Od.9.402
, al., cf.ὄττι Alc.45
.—In some forms only the second part is inflected, viz. gen.ὅτου Th.1.23
, al., [dialect] Ep.ὅττεο Od.1.124
, later [dialect] Ion. ὅτεο Jahresh.l.c., [var] contr.ὅττευ Od.17.121
, ὅτευ ib. 421, Hdt.1.7; Lesb.ὄττω Sapph.Supp.5.3
; dat.ὅτῳ Th.1.36
, al.; perh. also in [dialect] Ion., Emp. 2.5, Democr.99, Hp.VC14; [dialect] Ep.ὅτεῳ Od.2.114
, and as disyll., Il.12.428, 15.664; so Hdt.1.86, al., Democr.100, Heraclit.15, SIG194.21 (Amphipolis, iv B. C.); Arc. ὀσέοι IG5(2).262.14 (Mantinea, v B. C.); [dialect] Ep. acc.ὅτινα Od.8.204
, 15.395; Delph. gen.ὅτινος IG22.1126.37
(iv B. C.), also Berl.Sitzb.1927.167 ([place name] Cyrene); Delph. dat.ὅτινι IG 22.1126.25
; Cret. dat. sg.ὄτιμι Leg.Gort.7.51
, 8.7, al.: pl., nom. masc. Arg.ὄττινες Mnemos.44.65
(iii B. C.); neut.ὅτινα Il.22.450
; gen.ὅτεων Od.10.39
, Hdt.8.65, [dialect] Att. , X.An.7.6.24 (cj.), Oec.3.2 (cj.) (also in Hes.Fr. 238, Anaxag.12, Hp.Aër.21); dat. ὁτέοισι ([etym.] ν) Il.15.491, Hdt.2.82, [dialect] Att. , Ar.Eq. 758, ; acc.ὅτινας Il.15.492
, [dialect] Aeol.ὄττινας Sapph.12
: in a few forms only the first part is inflected, Cret. gen. sg. ὦτι prob. in Leg.Gort.1.5, 2.50, 11.50, al., GDI4993 ii 10: neut. pl.ἄτι Leg.Gort.2.47
, al.: of the forms with double inflexion Hom. has onlyὅν τινα Il.2.188
, al.,ἥν τινα 3.286
, al.,οἵ τινες Od.4.94
, al.,οὕς τινας Il.4.240
, al.,ἅς τινας Od.8.573
; ᾧτινι first in Hes.Op.31, ,ᾗ τινι δή Th.8.87
, : [dialect] Att. Inscrr. have ἧστινος ᾗτινι along with masc. and neut. ὅτου ὅτῳ, and this rule holds with few exceptions in Trag. and [dialect] Att. Prose before iv B. C.; ᾡτινιοῦν occurs in Lys.1.37, etc.: ὅτῳ rarely as fem., E.IT 1071.—For the [dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Ep. form [full] ἅσσα, [dialect] Att. ἅττα, v. ἅσσα.—On the concord and construction cf.ὅς B. 1.1
,3, 11.3, 111.2a,b:—Radic. sense, any one who, anything which, whosoever, whichsoever;ὣς ἀπόλοιτο καὶ ἄλλος, ὅτις τοιαῦτά γε ῥέζοι Od.1.47
; , etc.: freq. without express antec.,χαίρει δέ μιν ὅς τις ἐθείρῃ Il.21.347
; : hence freq. in maxims or sentiments,οὐκ ἔστιν ὅ. πάντ' ἀνὴρ εὐδαιμονεῖ Ar.Ra. 1217
;μακάριος ὅ. οὐσίαν καὶ νοῦν ἔχει Men.114
; οὗτος βέλτιστος ἂν εἴη, ὅ. .. Lys.3.4, etc.: freq. in such phrases as ὅστις εἶ, ὅστις ἐστί, v. ὅς B. 111.2; ἔστιν ὅ., freq. with a neg.,οὐ γὰρ ἔην ὅς τίς σφιν.. ἡγήσαιτο Il.2.687
; (anap.), cf. 989, 1070 (anap.), etc.;εἰσὶν οἵτινες S.Fr.354.5
; οὐδὲν ὅ τι οὐ .. everything, Hdt. 5.97, Th.7.87:—in these phrases the case of ὅστις commonly depends on that of οὐδείς; but sts. the reverse, v. οὐδείς 1.2: also joined with [comp] Sup., τρόπῳ ὅτῳ ἂν δύνωνται ἰσχυροτάτῳ Foed. ap. Th.5.23;ὅντινα ἀφανέστατον δύναιντο τρόπον Paus.10.1.5
: in Trag. and [dialect] Att. sts. strengthd. by an antec. πᾶς, but only in sg.,ἅπας δὲ τραχὺς ὅ. ἂν νέον κρατῇ A.Pr.35
, cf. Th.8.90 ( πάντες ὅσοι being commonly used in pl., not πάντες οἵτινες; butπᾶσιν.. ὅστις ἐρωτᾷ IG12.410
).II referring to a definite object, prop. only when a general notion is implied, Πολυκράτεα.., δι' ὅντινα κακῶς ἤκουσε, not the man through whom, but one through whom.., Hdt.3.120; τελευταῖόν σε προσβλέψαιμι νῦν, ὅστις πέφασμαι φύς τ' ἀφ' ὧν οὐ χρῆν may I see thee now for the last time, I who am one born from sinful parentage, S.OT 1184, cf. A.Pr. 38, Ag. 1065; but in quite definite sense,βωμόν, ὅστις νῦν ἔξω τῆς πόλεώς ἐστι Th.6.3
: sts. even with οὗτος or ὅδε as antec., Hdt.1.167, 2.99, 6.47, E.Hipp. 943, Theoc.8.87.2 ἐφ' ὅτῳ, = ἐφ' ᾧτε, D.S.16.4; soἐφ' ὅτῳ τε Delph.3(2).236
(ii B. C.).III in indirect questions, Hom., etc.,εἴπ' ἄγε μοι καὶ τόνδε.., ὅς τις ὅδ' ἐστί Il.3.192
, cf. 167, etc.; ἔσπετε νῦν μοι, Μοῦσαι, ὅς τις δὴ κτλ. who it was that.., 14.509;ξεῖνος ὅδ', οὐκ οἶδ' ὅς τις Od.8.28
: in dialogue, when the person questioned repeats the question asked by τίς, asοὗτος τί ποιεῖς;—ὅ τι ποιῶ
;Ar.
Ra. 198; ἀλλὰ τίς γὰρ εἶ;—ὅστις;πολίτης χρηστός Id.Ach. 595
, cf. Pl. 462, Pl.Euthphr.2c, etc.2 rare and late in direct questions, ;A.D.
Adv.140.12; ἀνθ' ὅτου .. ; = why? Jul.Ep.82p.109B.-C.; cf. ὅπως.IV limited or made more indefinite by the addition of Particles:2 ὅστις δή (v. δή IV. 1), freq. used without any distinct relative force, θεῶν ὅτεῳ δή to some one or other of the gods, Hdt.1.86;ὅτευ δὴ χρήματος δεησόμενον Id.3.121
;ᾗ τινι δὴ γνώμῃ Th.8.87
, etc.; alsoὅ τι δήκοτε πρήξοντα Hdt.6.134
;ὅστις δήποτ' ὤν Pl.Phdr. 273c
;ὡς ἀπετύγχαν' ὁτουδήποτε D.19.167
;ὁτῳδήτινι τρόπῳ PFay.21.11
(ii A. D.); sob ὁστισοῦν, ὁτιοῦν anybody (anything) whatsoever, Th.4.16, Pl. Smp. 198b, etc.;μετὰ ὁτουοῦν τρόπου Th.8.27
; ; εἷς ὁστισοῦν any one person, Arist.Pol. 1286a31: freq. with neg.,μηδ' ἂν ὁστισοῦν τυγχάνῃ ὤν Pl.Euthphr.5e
, cf. Phd. 78d, etc.; οὐδ' ὁτιοῦν not the least mite, nothing whatsoever, Ar.Nu. 344, Pl. 385;μηδοτιοῦν Thgn.64
: rarely, = whoever (whatever), as subject of a verb, ὁτιοῦν ἔτυχε τῶν ἐπὶ μέρους (v.l. ὅτι ἄν) Arist.Mu. 391a22.3 ὅστις ποτε whoever, A.Ag. 160(lyr.), cf. Hdt.8.65.4 ὅστις περ (cf. ὅσπερ), mostly in neut.,ὅ τι πέρ ἐστ' ὄφελος Ar.Ec.53
, cf. Pl.R. 492e: in masc., D.21.225.5 ὅστις τε, where τε is otiose as in ὅστε, Il.23.43, al.VI ἐξ ὅτου from which time, S.OC 345, Tr. 326, Ar.Nu. 528, X.Cyr.8.2.16, etc.;ἐξ ὅτου περ Ar.Ach. 596
; ἀπ' ὅτευ since.., Hdt.1.7, cf. SIG45.18 (Halic., v B. C.); so until..,Ev.Luc.
13.8. -
29 ὠνοφύλαξ
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὠνοφύλαξ
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30 ῥηχμός
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31 ἄλαστος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: Meaning of this and related words very difficult; see DELG. As adj. of πένθος, ἄχος `insufferable'?; also as vocative, `accursed'? ( ἄλαστε, e. g. Χ 261).Other forms: Original noun ἀλάστωρ `avenging spirit' or `he who does deeds which merit vengeance', either from ἀλαστέω or directly from ἄλαστος; attribute of gods, but also of men; in Homer proper name.Derivatives: Denomin. verb ἀλαστέω (Hom.), ἐπαλαστήσας (α 252), `be full of wrath'?, `be distraught'? Also ἀλασταίνω δυσπαθέω H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unknown. One connects λανθάνομαι: *`who cannot forget or be forgotten'. Frisk correctly considers it formally impeccable, but as to the meaning very hypothetical; DELG accepts it. - Muller's explanation (Don. nat. Schrijnen 649ff., Mnemos. 57, 116ff.): to λάω `see' with ἀ- from *n̥-, zero grade of ἐν ("invisus, invisor, qui invidendo nocet") is also unconvincing; the last point is without parallel, the whole artificial.Page in Frisk: 1,64-65Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄλαστος
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32 ἕρμα 1
ἕρμα 1.Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `prop', in the Il. (and h. Ap. 507) in plur. of the supports (stones or beams), put under the ships when drawn on land; metaph. of men, `support, column' (Il.); `cliff under the sea, on which the ship gets stuck' (Alk. Supp. 26, 6, Hdt. 7, 183, Th. 7, 25); `stone, or another weight, that can serve as ballast' (Ar., Arist.); `hope of stones' (S. Ant. 848 [lyr.], AP 9, 319).Compounds: XX [etym. unknown]Derivatives: ἑρμί̄ς (or -ί̄ν), acc. ἑρμῖνα, dat. pl. - ῖσιν `post of a bed' (θ278, ψ 198, Hdt. 3, 16; cf. ῥηγμῖν- from ῥῆγμα, σταμῖν- etc.); vgl. Hdn. Gr. 2, 431 with etymological speculations. ἕρμαξ f. `heap of stones' (Nic. a. o.), Ngr. ἑρμακιά ( ἁρ-) `wall of dry stones', many derivv. in the lower Ital. diall, s. Rohlfs WB 78f.; ἕρμακες ὕφαλοι πέτραι H. (cf. λίθαξ, μύλαξ a. o.). ἑρμεών σωρὸς λίθων H. (cf. βολεών s. βάλλω etc.). ἑρματίτης πέτρος `stone serving as ballast' (Lyk. 618). ἑρματικός `standing fest, resting..' ( κράββατος, PGen. 68, 10; IVp). ἑρμαῖος λόφος `heap of stones' (π 471; uncertain, cf. on Έρμῆς). - Denomin. verbs. ἑρμάζω `support, make stable' (Hp.) with ἕρμασμα, - σμός (Hp.), ἕρμασις (Erot., also Trozen IVa [- σσ-]; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 149); ἑρματίζω `id.' (Hp.). - On Έρμῆς ( Έρμείας, Έρμάων) s. v.Etymology: Difficult because of the divergent meanings. One supposed two or three diffrent words. So in WP. 1, 267 ἕρμα `cliff' is considered a separate word (with Froehde BB 17, 304) and connected with Skt. várṣman- n. `height, hill, top, point'. This etymology however disregards the most important element of cliffs under the sea. On the other hand ἕρμα as ballast of a ship in WP. 1, 265 is with Vaniček and Fick (s. also W.-Hofmann s. sērius) connected with Lith. sveriù `weigh', svarùs `heavy', OHG swār(i) ` schwer'. In the meaning `support, prop' (2, 528) one connects words for `pole etc.', e. g. Skt. sváru- `pole,...at a sacrifice', OE swer `post, column', Lat. surus `twig, sprout, pole'. But it is very doubtful whether ἕρμα ever meant `pole'. - An attempt to combime all meanings makes Porzig Satzinhalte 266: the orig. meaning would be a `stone (for propping up a ship)', from where `Ballast-stones', and on the other hand - sarcastically - also `cliffs under the sea'. - Formally ἕρμα seems a verbal noun in - μα with regular ε-vowel. For an etym. one might think of Lith. sveriù `weigh' and relatives (s. above); so orig. `heavy weight, stone', IE *su̯ér-mn̥. - Kretschmer Kleinas. Forsch. 1, 4 thinks ἕρμα is Anatolian, pointing to the Lydian river Ε῝ρμος ( πολυψήφιδα παρ' Ε῝ρμον Orac. ap. Hdt. 1, 55), partly to Lycian PN in Erm-, Arm-. For non-IE origin also Chantraine L'Ant. class. 22, 69. - Wrong Gonda Mnemos. 3: 6, 165f. (Lat. sĕra, Gr. ἅρπη `sickle', IE * ser-.) - I see no reason for foreign origin.Page in Frisk: 1,562-563Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἕρμα 1
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33 εὐθυωρία
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `straightness, straight direction' (Pl., Arist., Aetol., Cret. a. o.), almost only in adv. expressions like (ἀν', κατ') εὐθυωρίαν, εὐθυωρίᾳ `in straight line, directly'; also εὐθύωρον adv. `id.' (X.). Ion. ἰθυωρίη (Hp.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Expression of surveyors (Geurts Mnemos. 3: 11, 108ff.), from εὐθύς ( ἰθύς) and ὅρος, ὅρϜος `boundary' as bahuvrihi `with straight boundaries, along straight lines', or as deriv. (compound) in - ία. The long vowel may be due to compositional lengthening, or due to Dorian influence (development of - ορϜ-). - Wrong Bechtel Dial. 1, 345: to Av. aurva- `quick' etc.; εὐθύωρος prop. `running straight'. - Cf. on ὅρος.Page in Frisk: 1,587Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > εὐθυωρία
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34 ἠερόφωνος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: Σ 505 κηρύκων... ἠεροφώνων, after this Opp. H. 1, 621 γεράνων... ἠ., prop. `whose voice(s) sound(s) through the mist (in the air), loud crying', = μεγαλοφώνων, πληρούντων φωνῆς την ἀέρα H.Etymology: Ahrens Philol. 27, 590 proposes after Alcm. 26, 1 to write ἱεροφώνων. (Certainly not with Muller Mnemos. 46, 139ff. to Lat. aes etc. as `with metal(lic) voice(s)'; cf. Kretschmer Glotta 11, 247).Page in Frisk: 1,624Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἠερόφωνος
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35 ἦθος
Grammatical information: n.Compounds: As 1. member with analog. comp.-vowel e. g. in ἠθο-ποιός `forming customs' (Arist.), as 2. member e. g. in κακο-ήθης `with bad customs' (IA).Derivatives: ἠθεῖος `reliable, beloved' (Hom., Hes.), also ἠθαῖος (Pi., Antim.), after γενναῖος a. o. (wrong J. Schmidt Pluralbild. 387, Sandsjoe - αῖος 102f.); ἠθάς, - άδος m. f. `usual, reliable' (Hp., S.) with ἠθάδιος `id.' (Opp.); ἠθικός `concerning the character' (Arist.; s. Verdenius Mnemos. 3: 12, 241ff.); ἠθαλέος `usual' (Opp., Epigr.; Debrunner IF 23, 26).Etymology: Cf. Johanna Schmidt, Ethos. Beitr. zum antiken Wertempfinden (Borna 1941); and Verdenius l. c. Differs from ἔθος only in lengthened grade, ō-grade in εἴωθα (s. v.). D.Petit, RPh. 73 (1999)87, who refers to Schindler, Flexion u. Wortbildung 259-267. - On traces of the digamma Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 150.Page in Frisk: 1,625Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἦθος
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36 θεουδής
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `god-fearing, devote' (Od.)Derivatives: θεούδεια f. `fear of god' (A. R. 3, 586)Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: Contracted Att. PN Θουδῆς Θουδιάδου. - For θεο-δϜής \< *θεο-δϜειής, to *δϜεῖος \> δέος `fear', s. v. The meaning `like a god' (late poets) rests on confusion with θεο-ειδής. Details in Bechtel Lex. s. v.; s. also Verdenius Mnemos. 4: 8, 232f.Page in Frisk: 1,663Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θεουδής
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37 θησαυρός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `treasury, magazine, receptacle' (Hes.).Compounds: Compp., e. g. θησαυρο-φύλαξ `guard of a θ.' (hell.).Derivatives: θησαυρικός `belonging to the θ.' (pap.), θησαυρώδης `full of treasures' (Philostr.); θησαυρίζω `preserve, collect' (IA) with θησαύρισμα `preserved, provision, treasure' (Demokr., trag.), θησαυρισμός `preserving' (Arist., Thphr.), - ιστής `who preserves' (Poll.) with - ιστικός (Arist.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: No etymology, prob. technical loan word. Interpreted as "Wasserniederlage" (Muller Mnemos. 53, 446f.: θησ-αυρ-ός; cf. on ἄναυρος) s. Kretschmer Glotta 16, 194f. Acc. to E. Maaß RhM 74, 235ff. from θη- `set' and αὔρα `air'; criticism by Kretschmer l. c. - Lat. loan thēsaurus, thēsaurizō. - No doubt Pre-Greek. The word suggests - arʷ-o-.Page in Frisk: 1,673Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θησαυρός
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38 ἵστωρ
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: "the one who knows", `knowing, expert' (h. Hom. 32, 2, Heraklit., B., S.), `witness' (Hp., Boeot. inschr., Att. ephebe oath in Poll. 8, 106), in unclear meaning Σ 501, Ψ 486 (`witness' or `arbiter'?), also Hes. Op. 702.Compounds: Wit prefix: συν-ίστωρ `witness, conscious' (: σύν-οιδα; trag., Th., Plb.) with συνιστορέω `be sonscious of an affair' (hell.); ἐπι-ίστωρ `know sthing, familiar with' (φ 26, A. R., AP a. o.), ὑπερ-ίσ-τωρ `know all too well' (S. El. 850 [lyr.], momentary formation); ἀ-ΐστωρ `unknowing' (Pl. Lg. 845b, E. Andr. 682), πολυ-ΐστωρ `polyhistor' (D. H., Str.), φιλ-ίστωρ `who loves knowing' with φιλιστορέω (Str., Vett. Val.).Derivatives: ἱστόριον `testimony' (Hp.), ἱστορία (s. below). Denomin. verb ἱστορέω, also with prefix, e. g. ἀν-, ἐξ-, `be witness, expert, give testimony, recount, get testimony, find out, search' (Ion., trag., Arist., hell.) with ἱστόρημα `account' (D. H.); usu. ἱστορία, - ίη, formally from ἵστωρ, but functionally associated with ἱστορέω, `knowledge, account, (historical) account, history, search(ing), investigation' (Ion., Att., hell.). Adjective ἱστορικός `regarding the ἱστορία, ἱστορεῖν, historical' (Pl., Arist., hell.; cf. Chantraine Études sur le vocab. gr. 134-136).Etymology: From *Ϝίδ-τωρ, agent noun of οἶδα, ἴσμεν. The word and esp. the derivations ἱστορέω, ἱστορίη, arosen in Ionic, have spread with the Ionische science and rationalism over the hellenic and hellenistic world. The aspiration must be unoriginal; explan. in Schwyzer 226 and 306. - On the history of ἵστωρ, ἱστορέω, ἱστορίη E. Kretschmer Glotta 18, 93f., Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 218f., Snell Die Ausdrücke für die Begriffe des Wissens 59ff., K. Keuck Historia. Geschichte des Wortes und seiner Bedeutungen in der Antike und in den roman. Sprachen. Diss. Münster 1934, Frenkian REIE 1, 468ff., Leumann Hom. Wörter 277f., Muller Mnemos. 54, 235ff., Louis Rev. de phil. 81, 39ff.Page in Frisk: 1,740-741Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἵστωρ
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39 καλός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `beautiful, noble, good' (Il.); on the meaning Smothers Traditio 5 (1947) 1-57, also Kretschmer Glotta 22, 261.Other forms: Primary comp. καλλίων (Alc. ntr. κάλιον [s. below], El. καλιτερος [graphic?], rarely καλώτερος, καλλιώτερος), κάλλιστος; Dor. adv. (Alcm. 98) καλλά; cf. Wackernagel Unt. 87f.Dialectal forms: ep. Ion. κᾱλός, Boeot. καλϜοςCompounds: As 1. member rare (for καλλι-, εὑ-), e. g. καλό-φυλλος `with beautiful leaves' (Thphr.; after μακρό-, λειό-φυλλος etc.); as 2. member e. g. ἀπειρό-καλος `not knowing what is beautiful' (Pl.; from τὸ καλόν). Note esp. καλοκἀγαθία (orators, X.), univerbating abstract of καλὸς κ(αὶ) ἀγαθός (IA.; see Berlage Mnemos. 60, 20ff.)Derivatives: καλότης `beauty' (Chrysipp. Stoic. 3, 60). - With geminate: 1. κάλλος n. `beauty' (Il.), as 2. member e. g. in περι-καλλής `very beautiful' (Il., bahuvrihi); from there κάλλιμος `beautiful' (Od., h. Hom.; after κύδιμος, s. Arbenz Die Adj. auf - ιμος 10ff.), καλλύνω `give beauty, make beautiful, sweep' (S., Pl., Arist.) with καλλυντής `sweeper' (pap. IIa), κάλλυντρον `broom', also name of a shrub (Arist.), κάλλυνθρον `duster' (LXX, pap.), καλλυντήρια n. pl. name of a purification feast (Phot., EM), καλλύσματα pl. `dust' (Keos). Fom κάλλος further καλλονή `id.' (cf. ἡδονή), καλλοσύνη `id.' (E.). - 2. compar. καλλίων, κάλλιστος (Il.); from there καλλιόομαι `be made more beautiful' (LXX), καλλιστεύω, - ομαι `be the most beautiful' (Ion.) with καλλιστεῖον, καλλίστευμα `sacrifice of the most beautiful, price of beauty, price of honour' (S., E., inscr.). - 3. καλλι- as 1. member (Il.); e. g. καλλι-γύναικ-α, - ος, -ι `with beutiful women' (cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 62), also in PN, from where short names like Καλλίας etc.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: From Att. κᾰλός and Ion. κᾱλός, both from καλϜός (see Sommer Nominalkomp. 59 n. 3), deviate the noun κάλλος, the compar. forms καλλίων, κάλλιστος and the 1. member καλλι- through the gemination. An explanation is still wanting. The for κάλλος (and καλλίων, κάλλιστος, cf. Benveniste Origines 84; analogical καλλι- ?) proposed basis *κάλ-νος or *κάλ-ι̯ος (hardly to Skt. kalya-, s. below) do not inspire confidence, as κάλλος seems a Greek innovation; cf. Chantraine Formation 416f. The assumpion of an expressive gemination (Chantraine) is possible, but is only an emergency solution. For καλλι- too there is no good explanation. Beside καλ-Ϝός with old u̯o-suffix one would expect as 1. member καλι- (retained in κάλιον [Alc.]?), which Wackernagel KZ 61, 191ff. (= Kl. Schr. 1, 352ff.) finds back in Skt. kaly-ā́ṇa- `beautiful' (prop. `with beautiful arms, λευκώλενος'?; cf. on ὠλένη); rejected by Mayrhofer Wb. s. kalyaḥ1). After Schwyzer 447 n. 6 καλλ- would come from antevocalic *καλι̯-, from where καλλι- and as backformation κάλλος etc. Diff. Risch par. 62a: - λλ- from a comparative *κάλλων \< *καλι̯ων, from where κάλλιστος etc.? Similarly Seiler Steigerungsformen 68ff.: a comp. ntr. *κάλλον \< *κάλι̯ον was considered as positive and resulted in κάλλιον, καλλίων (from where κάλλιστος etc.). - The only non-Greek comparison is Skt. kalyā́ṇa-, with ep. class. kalya- `robust, prepared'. The Germanic words, ONo. hǫldr and OHG helid `warrior, Held' must be kept separated.Page in Frisk: 1,766-767Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καλός
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40 κλῆρος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `lot, allotment, inheritance, piece of ground' (Il.), `(Christian) clergy' (Just.).Other forms: Dor. κλᾶροςCompounds: Compp., e. g. κληρο-, κλᾱρο-νόμος `heir' with - νομέω, - νομία, - νομικός a. o. (IA, Dor.); ἄ-κληρος `without lot, without inheritance, poor' (λ 490); but ναύ-κληρος, -κλᾱρος from ναύ-κρᾱρος (s. v.); after this also ὁλό-κληρος `complete' (IA.) from *ὁλό-κρᾱρος? (Debrunner Phil. 95, 174ff.); against this with good grounds W. den Boer Mnemos. 3: 13, 143f.Derivatives: Diminut. κληρίον (AP, pap.), Dor. κλᾱρίον `notes for debt' (Plu. Agis 13); adj. κληρικός `belonging to a\/the κλ.' (Vett. Val.); denomin. verb κληρόω, κλᾱρόω `cast lots, choose by lot', midd. `have allotted one, obtain by lot' (IA., Dor.) with κλήρωσις `choosing by lot', κληρωτήριον `urn for casting lots, room for voting', κληρωτός `who can\/is chosen by lot' (IA.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Prop. "sherd of stone, piece of wood" (used as lot). Identical with a Celtic word for `table': OIr. clār, Welsh claur, and as expression of the cartwright Bret. kleur `pitch-fork of a wagon'; the Celtic words seem only very remotely cognate if at all (a `table' is hardly a piece broken off). Connected with κλάω `break off' with the same ablaut as in κλῆ-μα, κλᾶ-μα, Lat. clā-d-ēs. Further s. κλάω, but see my doubts there.Page in Frisk: 1,872-873Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κλῆρος
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