-
1 κοπιάζω
labourΕλληνικά-Αγγλικά νέο λεξικό (Greek-English new dictionary) > κοπιάζω
-
2 πένομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to exert oneself, to toil, to work, to prepare, to provide' (Il.), `to exert onself, to (have to) do hard labour, to be poor, to lack smth.' (Sol., trag., Pl.).Other forms: only pres. a. ipf.Derivatives: 1. πενία, ion. - ίη f. `poverty, lack' (ξ 157; Scheller Oxytonierung 23 a. 39); 2. πενιχρ-ός `poor, devoid of smth.' (γ 348; cf. zu μελιχρός s. μέλι) with - ότης f. (S. E.). - αλέος `id.' (AP). 3. πένης, - ητος m. (f. πένησσα πτωχή H.) `who has to live from the labour of his hands, needy, poor' in opposition both to πλούσιος and to πτωχός = `begging, destitute' (IA.) with πενέσ-τερος, - τατος (X., D.); after ἀσθενέσ-τερος a.o.; not with Schwyzer 535 from *πενετ-τερος); from it πενητ-εύω `to be poor' (Emp.), - υλίδας m. "son of poverty" (Cerc.), from a hypocor. *Πενητ-ύλος (as Φειδ-ύλος, Πενθ-ύλος a.o.). -- 4. πόνος m. `(hard) labour, effort, struggle, sorrow, pain, fruit of the labour' (Il.; on the meaning Trümpy Fachausdrücke 148 ff.); also as 2. member, e.g. παυσί-πονος `ending pain' (E., Ar. in lyr.); but ματαιο-πόνος a.o. to πονέομαι, s. v. From it πον-ηρός `toilsome, useless, bad, evil' (IA.) with - ηρία, - ηρεύομαι, - ήρευμα; πονόεις `id.' (Man.). -- 5. Iterative deverbative πονέομαι, also w. ἀμφι-, δια- a.o. (Il., mostly in the older language), πονέω, also w. δια-, ἐκ-, κατα- a.o. (posthom.) `to exert oneself, to provide, to suffer', trans. `to cause pain'. As 2. member a.o. in ματαιο-πονέω `to labour in vain' (Democr.) with - πονία (Str.), - πόνημα (Iamb.), - πόνος (Plu., Gal.). From it πόν-ημα ( δια-) n. `labour, work' (Pl., E. u.a.), - ησις ( δια-, κατα-) f. `labour, effort' (Plu., D. L.); as backformation e.g. διάπον-ος `working hard, weary' (Plu.) from δια-πονέω. 6. Beside it πονάω only in ἐπονάθη (Pi.) and ἐπόνασαν (Theoc.); s. Schwyzer 719 w. n. 1.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Not certainly explained. The primary present πένομαι, which was pushed back and replaced by its own iterative πονέομαι, - έω and by its synonyms, e.g. κάμνω, δέω, is in the epos used esp. of domestic labour (cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 15). The meaning `want, lack, be poor' (from where πενία and πενιχρός already since Od.) developed from there like Lat. laborare `exert oneself', also `be in need, be pressed' (unargumented doubt in WP. 2, 661). Unclear is however the earlier history of the meaning. Possible is, that πένομαι orig. indicated a certain kind of domesic labour and from there was generalized. One may compare in that case expressions for `stretch, twist, weave' in Lith. pìnti `twist', OCS pęti `stretch', Arm. hanum and henum `weave', further OHG etc. spin. As the basic meaning of this verb seems to have been `unharness', one may also from there through `harness oneself' come to `exert oneself' (cf. Arm. y-enum `stem or stut smthing with hands or shoulders'?). Thus (after Schleicher, Benfey, Fick; s. Curtius 271f.) Pedersen KZ 39, 414 and Persson Beitr. 1, 411 ff.; further combinations in WP. 2, 660ff., Pok. 988, W.-Hofmann s. pendeō. As however the semantic development can be interpreted in diff. ways, this etymology, though quite possible, cannot be proven. A loan is hard to envisage. -- On the meaning of πένητες and πλούσιοι and synonyms and of πενία and πλοῦτος s. J. Hemelrijk Πενία en Πλοῦτος. Diss. Utrecht 1925. Cf. πεῖνα und σπάνις.Page in Frisk: 2,504-506Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πένομαι
-
3 διαπονείτε
διαπονέωwork out with labour: pres imperat act 2nd pl (attic epic)διαπονέωwork out with labour: pres opt act 2nd plδιαπονέωwork out with labour: pres ind act 2nd pl (attic epic)διαπονέωwork out with labour: pres imperat act 2nd pl (attic epic)διαπονέωwork out with labour: pres opt act 2nd plδιαπονέωwork out with labour: pres ind act 2nd pl (attic epic)διαπονέωwork out with labour: imperf ind act 2nd pl (attic epic)διαπονέωwork out with labour: imperf ind act 2nd pl (attic epic) -
4 διαπονεῖτε
διαπονέωwork out with labour: pres imperat act 2nd pl (attic epic)διαπονέωwork out with labour: pres opt act 2nd plδιαπονέωwork out with labour: pres ind act 2nd pl (attic epic)διαπονέωwork out with labour: pres imperat act 2nd pl (attic epic)διαπονέωwork out with labour: pres opt act 2nd plδιαπονέωwork out with labour: pres ind act 2nd pl (attic epic)διαπονέωwork out with labour: imperf ind act 2nd pl (attic epic)διαπονέωwork out with labour: imperf ind act 2nd pl (attic epic) -
5 επασκήσει
ἐπασκέωlabour: aor subj act 3rd sg (epic)ἐπασκέωlabour: fut ind mid 2nd sgἐπασκέωlabour: fut ind act 3rd sgἐπασκέωlabour: aor subj act 3rd sg (epic)ἐπασκέωlabour: fut ind mid 2nd sgἐπασκέωlabour: fut ind act 3rd sgἐπᾱσκήσει, ἐπασκέωlabour: futperf ind mp 2nd sg (doric aeolic)ἐπᾱσκήσει, ἐπασκέωlabour: futperf ind act 3rd sg (doric aeolic) -
6 ἐπασκήσει
ἐπασκέωlabour: aor subj act 3rd sg (epic)ἐπασκέωlabour: fut ind mid 2nd sgἐπασκέωlabour: fut ind act 3rd sgἐπασκέωlabour: aor subj act 3rd sg (epic)ἐπασκέωlabour: fut ind mid 2nd sgἐπασκέωlabour: fut ind act 3rd sgἐπᾱσκήσει, ἐπασκέωlabour: futperf ind mp 2nd sg (doric aeolic)ἐπᾱσκήσει, ἐπασκέωlabour: futperf ind act 3rd sg (doric aeolic) -
7 επασκήσω
ἐπασκέωlabour: aor subj act 1st sgἐπασκέωlabour: fut ind act 1st sgἐπᾱσκήσω, ἐπασκέωlabour: aor ind mid 2nd sg (doric aeolic)ἐπασκέωlabour: aor subj act 1st sgἐπασκέωlabour: fut ind act 1st sgἐπᾱσκήσω, ἐπασκέωlabour: futperf ind act 1st sg (doric aeolic)ἐπασκέωlabour: aor ind mid 2nd sg (homeric ionic)ἐπασκέωlabour: aor ind mid 2nd sg (homeric ionic) -
8 ἐπασκήσω
ἐπασκέωlabour: aor subj act 1st sgἐπασκέωlabour: fut ind act 1st sgἐπᾱσκήσω, ἐπασκέωlabour: aor ind mid 2nd sg (doric aeolic)ἐπασκέωlabour: aor subj act 1st sgἐπασκέωlabour: fut ind act 1st sgἐπᾱσκήσω, ἐπασκέωlabour: futperf ind act 1st sg (doric aeolic)ἐπασκέωlabour: aor ind mid 2nd sg (homeric ionic)ἐπασκέωlabour: aor ind mid 2nd sg (homeric ionic) -
9 διαπονήσει
διαπόνησιςworking at: fem nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic)διαπονήσεϊ, διαπόνησιςworking at: fem dat sg (epic)διαπόνησιςworking at: fem dat sg (attic ionic)διαπονέωwork out with labour: aor subj act 3rd sg (epic)διαπονέωwork out with labour: fut ind mid 2nd sgδιαπονέωwork out with labour: fut ind act 3rd sgδιαπονέωwork out with labour: aor subj act 3rd sg (epic)διαπονέωwork out with labour: fut ind mid 2nd sgδιαπονέωwork out with labour: fut ind act 3rd sgδιαπονέωwork out with labour: fut ind mp 2nd sg -
10 διαπονή
διαπονέωwork out with labour: pres subj mp 2nd sgδιαπονέωwork out with labour: pres ind mp 2nd sgδιαπονέωwork out with labour: pres subj act 3rd sgδιαπονέωwork out with labour: pres subj mp 2nd sgδιαπονέωwork out with labour: pres ind mp 2nd sgδιαπονέωwork out with labour: pres subj act 3rd sg -
11 διαπονῇ
διαπονέωwork out with labour: pres subj mp 2nd sgδιαπονέωwork out with labour: pres ind mp 2nd sgδιαπονέωwork out with labour: pres subj act 3rd sgδιαπονέωwork out with labour: pres subj mp 2nd sgδιαπονέωwork out with labour: pres ind mp 2nd sgδιαπονέωwork out with labour: pres subj act 3rd sg -
12 επάσκιον
ἐπάσκιονneut nom /voc /acc sgἐπά̱σκιον, ἐπασκέωlabour: imperf ind act 3rd pl (doric aeolic)ἐπά̱σκιον, ἐπασκέωlabour: imperf ind act 1st sg (doric aeolic)ἐπασκέωlabour: imperf ind act 3rd pl (doric)ἐπασκέωlabour: imperf ind act 1st sg (doric)ἐπασκέωlabour: imperf ind act 3rd pl (doric aeolic)ἐπασκέωlabour: imperf ind act 1st sg (doric aeolic) -
13 ἐπάσκιον
ἐπάσκιονneut nom /voc /acc sgἐπά̱σκιον, ἐπασκέωlabour: imperf ind act 3rd pl (doric aeolic)ἐπά̱σκιον, ἐπασκέωlabour: imperf ind act 1st sg (doric aeolic)ἐπασκέωlabour: imperf ind act 3rd pl (doric)ἐπασκέωlabour: imperf ind act 1st sg (doric)ἐπασκέωlabour: imperf ind act 3rd pl (doric aeolic)ἐπασκέωlabour: imperf ind act 1st sg (doric aeolic) -
14 κατεργάζεσθε
κατεργάζομαιeffect by labour: pres imperat mp 2nd plκατεργάζομαιeffect by labour: pres ind mp 2nd plκατεργάζομαιeffect by labour: pres imperat mp 2nd pl (attic)κατεργάζομαιeffect by labour: pres ind mp 2nd pl (attic)κατεργάζομαιeffect by labour: imperf ind mp 2nd pl (homeric ionic)κατεργάζομαιeffect by labour: imperf ind mp 2nd pl (homeric ionic) -
15 απομεριμνάν
ἀπομεριμνάωrest from labour: pres part act masc voc sg (doric aeolic)ἀπομεριμνάωrest from labour: pres part act neut nom /voc /acc sg (doric aeolic)ἀπομεριμνάωrest from labour: pres part act masc nom sg (doric aeolic)ἀπομεριμνᾶ̱ν, ἀπομεριμνάωrest from labour: pres inf act (epic doric)ἀπομεριμνάωrest from labour: pres inf act (attic doric) -
16 ἀπομεριμνᾶν
ἀπομεριμνάωrest from labour: pres part act masc voc sg (doric aeolic)ἀπομεριμνάωrest from labour: pres part act neut nom /voc /acc sg (doric aeolic)ἀπομεριμνάωrest from labour: pres part act masc nom sg (doric aeolic)ἀπομεριμνᾶ̱ν, ἀπομεριμνάωrest from labour: pres inf act (epic doric)ἀπομεριμνάωrest from labour: pres inf act (attic doric) -
17 πονέω
A in early Greek only [voice] Med. πονέομαι, inf.- έεσθαι Il.10.116
: [tense] impf. ἐπονεῖτο, [dialect] Ep.πονεῖτο 9.12
: [tense] fut.πονήσομαι 23.159
, Hp.Mul.1.4, laterπονέσομαι Luc.Asin.9
: [tense] aor. ἐπονησάμην, [dialect] Ep.πονήσατο Il.9.348
, ([etym.] δια-) Pl.Lg. 966c, X.Eq.5.10; ἐπονήθην f.l. in E.Hel. 1509 (lyr.), ([etym.] δια-) Isoc.15.267: [tense] pf. πεπόνημαι, [dialect] Ion.[ per.] 3pl.—- έαται Hdt.2.63
, [dialect] Ep.- ήαται Arat.82
, [dialect] Att. : [tense] plpf.πεπόνητο Il.15.447
, [dialect] Ep.[ per.] 3pl.- ήατο A.R.2.263
:I abs., work hard,ὡς ἐπονεῖτο Il.2.409
; ὄφελεν πονέεσθαι λισσόμενος he ought to suffer toil in praying, 10.117; ὅπλα.., τοῖς ἐπονεῖτο with which he did his work, of Hephaestus, 18.413, cf. Od.16.13; περὶ δόρπα.. πονέοντο were busied about their supper, Il.24.444, cf. Hdt.2.63, Pl.Phlb. 58e; so πεπόνητο καθ' ἵππους was busy with the horses, of a charioteer, Il.15.447; πονέοντο κατὰ κρατερὴν ὑσμίνην were toiling in the fight, 5.84, etc.; hence πονεῖσθαι alone = μάχεσθαι, 4.374, 13.288; π. τινός to be busy with.., Arat.82, cf. 758.II c. acc., work hard at, make or do with pains or care,τύμβον Il.23.245
; ;ὅπλα.. πονησάμενοι κατὰ νῆα Od.11.9
;πονησάμενος τὰ ἃ ἔργα 9.250
, cf. Il.9.348, Hes.Op. 432 (sc. ἄροτρα); πονεύμενος ἕρκος ἀλωῆς Mosch.4.100
;πεπονήατο δαῖτα γέροντι A.R.2.263
.B after Hom., the act. form πονέω prevails: [tense] fut. , Pl.R. 410b, Hp.Mul.1.2,5; later , Lyr. Alex.Adesp.37.3, LXXIs.19.10, al., and in codd. of Hp.Aph.4.32: [tense] aor. ἐπόνησα, [dialect] Dor. -ᾱσα, E.Hipp. 1369 (anap.), Pl.R. 462d, Hp.Acut.46, Theoc.15.80; poet.πόνησα Pi.N.7.36
; later , al., Ph.Bel.58.1, al., Polyaen.3.10.6, etc., and in codd. of Hp.Coac. 489, Morb.1.4,14: [tense] pf. , X.Cyr.4.5.22, Hp.Vict. 2.66; laterπεπόνεκα PMich.Zen.104.3
(iii B.C.): [tense] plpf.ἐπεπονήκει Th. 7.38
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. ἐπονήθην ([etym.] ἐξ-) Id.6.31; [dialect] Dor. subj.πονᾱθῇ Pi.O.6.11
: [tense] pf. (anap.), Pl.Phdr. 232a (v. infr. 1.3):I intr., toil, labour,περὶ λήϊον Hdt.2.14
;ἐς ἄκαιρα πονεῖν Thgn.919
; πόνει μετ' εὐκλείας Anon ap.Stob.3.1.173 = JHS27.63 (Cyzicus, iv/iii B.C.); ἄλλως, μάτην π., labour in vain, S.OT 1151, E.HF 501: c.acc., τὰ μηδὲν ὠφελοῦντα μὴ πόνει μάτην do not labour at.., A.Pr.44;ἀνήνυτα π. Pl. R. 531a
: rarely of things,τίς.. αἶνος ἐπ' ἀνδρὶ θείῳ.. πονήσει; A.Ag. 1550
(lyr., dub., leg. αἶνον).2 c. acc. cogn., π. πόνον go through, suffer toil, Id.Pers. 682, E.Hec. 779, cf. S.Ph. 1419, E.Hipp. 1369 (anap.), Pl.R. 410b, etc.; , etc.;ἅμιλλαν ποδοῖν E.IA 212
(lyr.);π. πολλά Id.Supp. 577
: with modal words, π. τινί suffer in or by a thing, Pi.N.7.36; ;ὑπὸ χειμῶνος Antipho 2.2.1
; ; εἰρεσίᾳ Polyaen.l.c.: c.acc. partis, πεπόνηκα.. τὼ σκέλει mylegs ache, Ar. Pax 820; π. τὰς κεφαλάς, τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς, τὰ γόνατα, have a pain in.., Arist.HA 557a10, Pr. 959b21, 882b25: with modal dat. added,π. πλευρὰν πικρᾷ γλωχῖνι S.Tr. 681
: abs., labour under sickness, suffer, Hp.VM8; suffer damage, ; also, suffer pain, ἀεὶ π. τὸ ζῷον Anaxag.ap eund.EN 1154b7; of an army, to be hard-pressed, suffer, Th.5.73, X.Cyr.1.4.21, etc.; of ships, Th.7.38; of implements, arms, etc., to be worn out, spoilt, or damaged, D.18.194, Plb.3.49.11, Inscr.Délos 442 B204, al. (ii B.C.);τὰ σπαρτία ἧττον πονέσει Arist.Mech.
l.c.;ῥίζαι πεπονηκυῖαι Thphr.HP3.7.1
; of buildings, to be dilapidated, PEnteux.6.3 (iii B.C.), etc.3 [voice] Pass., impers., οὐκ ἄλλως αὐτοῖς πεπόνηται, = πεπονήκασι, Pl.Phdr. 232a.II trans.,1 c.acc. pers., afflict, distress, Pi.P. 4.151, cj. in Anacreont.33.14:—[voice] Pass., to be afflicted or worn out, suffer greatly,πεπονημένος ὀδύναις S.Tr. 985
(anap.);πόλεως πονουμένης τῷ πολέμῳ Th.4.59
; .b [voice] Pass., to be trained or educated, δοκεῖ ὁ κατ' ἀλήθειαν πολιτικὸς πεπονῆσθαι περὶ [τὴν ἀρετήν] Arist.EN 1102a8;πεπονημένην ἔχειν τὴν ἕξιν Id.Pol. 1335b8
, cf. Theoc.13.14; πεπονημένον ὑπό μου though he owes his training to me, PCair.Zen.378.16 (iii B.C.).2 c. acc. rei, gain by toil or labour, [ χρήματα] X.An.7.6.41:—[voice] Pass., to be won or achieved by toil,καλὸν εἴ τι ποναθῇ Pi.O.6.11
, cf. P.9.93.b [voice] Pass., of meats, to be dressed, cooked, Ptol.Euerg.9J., Phld.Mort.24; specially prepared,Sor.
1.94.—The rule of Choerob. in Theod.2.137 H., EM130.3, that when πονέω means toil, the [tense] fut. and [tense] aor. are πονήσω, ἐπόνησα, when suffer pain, πονέσω, ἐπόνεσα, is not borne out by the examples (v. supr.).—The [tense] fut. [voice] Med. κατα-πονήσομαι is used as trans. by D.S.11.15; so [tense] aor. [voice] Pass. πονήθη in IG9(1).867.6 (Corc., vii/vi B.C.); and the intr. and trans. senses are united in Anacreont. 33.14 (cj.), 15. -
18 πόνος
A work, esp. hard work, toil, in Hom. mostly of the toil of war, μάχης π. the toil of battle, Il.16.568; πόνος alone, = μάχη, 6.77, Od.12.117, al.; πόνον ἔχειν, = μάχεσθαι, Il.6.525, cf. 13.2, al.;ἀνδράσι δυσμενέεσσι π. καὶ δῆριν ἔθεντο 17.158
;π. ἀνδρῶν Thgn.987
;πόνοι Ἐνυαλίου Pi.I.6(5).54
; ἐν τούτῳ τῷ π. ὁ πολέμαρχος διαφθείρεται in this struggle (at Marathon), Hdt.6.114;ἐν τοῖσι Τρωϊκοῖσι π. Id.9.27
.2 generally, toil, labour,ἐπεὶ παύσαντο πόνου Il.1.467
, al.; π. ὀρνίθεσσι τιθείη cause toil to them, Hes.Op. 470; π. λαβόντας incurring toil, Hdt.7.24;π. παρέχειν μανθάνοντι Pl.R. 526c
; μάταιος π. labour in vain, Id.Ti. 40d;οἱ κατὰ τὰ σώματα π. Id.Plt. 294e
;π. συνεχής Democr.241
;πολλῷ π. A.Pers. 509
;μετὰ πολλοῦ π. Pl.Sph. 230a
;σὺν π. X.Cyn.9.6
;οὐ μακρῷ π. A.Pr.75
;ἄνευ π. X.Mem.2.6.22
; ἔχει πόνον πολύν involves much trouble, Ar. Pax 1216 (also εἰνάλιον π. ἐχοίσας σκευᾶς when the tackle labours in the sea, Pi.P.2.79): pl.,π. ἑκούσιοι Democr.240
.3 of special kinds of labour, bodily exertion, exercise,στρατιωτικοὶ π. X.Cyr.3.3.9
; of exertions in the games, Hes.Sc. 305, Pi.N.4.1, l.4(3).47, etc.; γυμνάσια.., νεανιᾶν (prob.) πόνον the scene of youthful labours, E.Hel. 211 (lyr.);εἰναλίοισι πόνοισι Theoc.21.39
.4 work, task, business,ἐπεὶ π. ἄλλος ἔπειγεν Od.11.54
; enterprise, undertaking, S.Ph. 864 (lyr.), etc.5 implements for labour, stock-in-trade,οὗτος τοῖς ἁλιεῦσιν ὁ πᾶς πόνος Theoc.21.14
; καὶ πόνος ἐντὶ θάλασσα the sea is their workshop, Mosch.Fr.1.10.II stress, trouble, distress, suffering, Il.19.227; ;ἦ μὴν καὶ π. ἐστὶν.. 2.291
; ἐν τούτῳ τῷ π., of a storm, Hdt.7.190; ὁ Μηδικὸς [π.] the trouble from the Medes, Id.4.1;παῦροι ἐν πόνῳ πιστοί Pi.N.10.78
: freq. in Trag.,πόνος πόνῳ πόνον φέρει S.Aj. 866
(lyr.);πόνον ἔχειν Id.OC 232
(lyr.), etc.: in pl., sufferings, A.Pr.66, 328, etc.; πόνους πονεῖν (cf.πονέω B.1.2
);διά τινα πόνους ἔχειν Ar.Ec. 975
(lyr.); also of disease,κατέβαινεν ἐς τὰ στήθη ὁ π. Th.2.49
; ; ἰσχίων π. καὶ πλευρᾶς ib. 73.2 pain, esp. physical,δύο π. ἅμα γενομένων, μὴ κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν τόπον, ὁ σφοδρότερος ἀμαυροῖ τὸν ἕτερον Hp.Aph.2.46
, cf. Erot. s.v. πόνοι, Gal.17(2).699;π. ἐν κεφαλῇ Hp.
Acut.(Sp.) 40;ἐς τὰ ἄρθρα πόνοι Id.Aph.4.44
,45, cf. Sor.1.27, al.;π. ἐς ἀμφοτέρας κνήμας Hp. Epid.1.26
.γ, cf. δ, al., LXX Ge.34.25; distd. from λύπη (pain in general), Alex.Aphr.Quaest.125.33; but sts. = λύπη, Epicur.Ep.3p.65U., Sent.Vat.4, Fr. 442, Phld.Mus.p.72K. -
19 κάμνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `toil, labour, build; get tired, die' (euphem.; almost only ep. οἱ καμόντες, Att. οἱ κεκμηκότες); `be in danger, be in need' (Il.).Other forms: Aor. καμεῖν, fut. καμοῦμαι (Schwyzer 784), perf. κέκμηκα, Dor. (Theoc.) κέκμᾱκα, ep. ptc. κεκμηώς.Compounds: also with prefix, e. g. ἀπο-, ἐκ-, συγ-. - As 2. member in compunds: ἀ-κάματος `without fatigue' (Il.). ἀ-κάμα-ς, - α-ντ-ος `indefatigable' (Il.; on the formation Schwyzer 526); more usual - κμη-τ- (-κμᾱ-τ-), - κμη-το- (-κμᾱ-το-), e. g. ἀ-κμή-ς, - ῆτ-ος `id.', ἄ-κμη-τος `id.', πολύ-κμητος `with much labour prepared'.Derivatives: Verbal noun κάματος m. `labour, much demending labour, fatigue, pain' (Il.; on the meaning Radermacher RhM 87, 285f. [doubtful]). καματώδης `tiring' (Hes., Pi.), καματηρός `tiring, tired' (Ion., h. Ven. 246; after ἀνιηρός etc.; Chantraine Formation 232, Zumbach Neuerungen 15); καματηδόν `with fatigue' (Man.); also the verbal forms καματῶν κοπιῶν, ἐκαμάτευσε μετὰ κακοπαθείας εἰργάσατο H. (: καματάω, - τεύω).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [557] *ḱemh₂- `exert oneself, get tired'Etymology: Beside the thematic nasal present κάμνω Sanskrit has an athematic nā-present (type δάμ-νᾱ-μι): midd. śam-nī-te `exert onself, labour' (Schwyzer 693). The disyll. root form is seen in the impv. śamī̆-ṣva and the agent noun in śami-tár- `who prepares', which agree with Gr. κάμα-τος. Also the thematic aorist ἔ-καμ-ον, ἔ-καμ-ε has a parallel in Skt. a-śam-a-t, both with zero grade, *ḱm̥h₂-e\/o- (Schwyzer 747, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 391); the full grade can be seen in athematic Skt. aor. á-śami-ṣ-ṭa (RV), *e-ḱemh₂-t. The zero grade in Greek is κμη-, PGr. κμᾱ- \< *ḱm̥h₂- ( κέ-κμη-κα, ἄ-κμη-τος.), which in Sanskrit gave śān-tá- (ptc.); s. Rix, Hist. Gramm 1976, 73. κάματος derives from *ḱm̥h₂-etos. - Certain traces of the root in other languages have not been found; perhaps in some Celtic nouns, like MIr. cuma `trouble', cumal `slave (fem.)'. Pok. 557. - Cf. κομέω, κομίζω (\< *ḱomh₂-).Page in Frisk: 1,773-774Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κάμνω
-
20 διαπονήται
διαπονέωwork out with labour: pres subj mp 3rd sgδιαπονέωwork out with labour: pres ind mp 3rd sg (doric aeolic)διαπονέωwork out with labour: pres subj mp 3rd sgδιαπονέωwork out with labour: pres ind mp 3rd sg (doric aeolic)
См. также в других словарях:
labour — [ labur ] n. m. • 1180; de labourer 1 ♦ Travail de labourage, façon donnée à une terre pour la retourner et l ameublir. ⇒ labourage. Labour à bras (à la bêche, à la houe). Labour à la charrue, au tracteur. Labours superficiels ou légers. Labours… … Encyclopédie Universelle
labour — la‧bour [ˈleɪbə ǁ ər] , labor noun [uncountable] 1. work involving a lot of physical or mental effort: • The garage charges £65 an hour for labour. • those involved in repetitive, unskilled manual labour (= work that involves using your … Financial and business terms
labour — (US & Austral. labor) ► NOUN 1) work, especially hard physical work. 2) workers collectively. 3) (Labour) the Labour Party. 4) the process of childbirth. ► VERB 1) work hard … English terms dictionary
labour — Labour, ou labourage, Cultus agrorum, Agricultura, Aratio, Agricolatio. Qui est en labour, Ager cultus et nitidus. B. Labour de terre, Molitio agrorum. Entretenir le labour, Tenere studia agri colendi. Qui se cognoist au labour, Prudens… … Thresor de la langue françoyse
labour — Labour. s. m. La façon qu on donne aux terres en les labourant. Il faut donner deux labours à cette terre. on luy a donné tant pour son labour. il luy faut payer ses labours & semences. On appelle, Chevaux de labour, Les chevaux dont on se sert… … Dictionnaire de l'Académie française
labour — British English spelling of LABOR (Cf. labor) (q.v.); for spelling, see OR (Cf. or). As short for the British Labour Party it is from 1906 … Etymology dictionary
labour — la bour, n. Same as {labor}; British spelling. [Chiefly Brit.] [PJC] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Labour — (spr. Labuhr), ehemalige Landschaft im südwestlichen Frankreich, Theil der Gascogne; Hauptstadt war Bayonne … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Labour — er det engelske arbejderparti … Danske encyklopædi
labour — is the standard spelling in BrE, whereas labor is the standard form in AmE … Modern English usage
labour — [lā′bər] n., vi., vt. Brit. sp. of LABOR … English World dictionary