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41 ἐθείρω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: meaning unknown, mostly taken as `care for' (s. H.: ἐθείρῃ ἐπιμελείας ἀξιώσῃ), `work, cultivate'.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unknown (wrong Doederlein apud Bechtel Lex. s. v., Kuiper Glotta 21, 267ff.). - On ἐθείρεται `is coverd' s. ἔθειραι. Also Debrunner IF 21, 203.Page in Frisk: 1,447Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐθείρω
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42 ἐλεόν
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `table for the roasted meat'; ἐλεο-δύτης `cook with Delian sacifices' (Ath. 4, 173a: διὰ τὸ τοῖς ἐλεοῖς ὑποδύεσθαι διακονοῦντες ἐν ταῖς θοίναις).Derivatives: ἐλέατρος `seneschal, steward' (pap. IIIa), εἰλέατρος (Pamphil. in Ath. 4, 171b, metr. lengthening?), or - τρός with oxytonon as in δαιτρός a. o.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Technical word without etymology. On the formation cf. κολεόν, στελεόν, θυρεός a. o. (Chantr. Form. 51), on the meaning Kuiper Glotta 21, 272ff.Page in Frisk: 1,489Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐλεόν
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43 ἐνεγκεῖν
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `bring', resultative (Att., Pi., B., Hp.),Other forms: ἐνέγκαι Aor.Compounds: often with prefix: ἀπ-, εἰσ-, ἐξ-, κατ-, προσ- etc.; aor. pass. ἐνεχθῆναι with fut. ἐνεχθήσομαι, perf. act. ἐνήνοχα, med. ἐνήνεγμαι; as present there is φέρω, as fut. οἴσω. As 2. member with comp. lengthening in δι-, δουρ-, ποδηνεκής etc. (s. vv. and δόρυ).Derivatives: verbal noun ὄγκος s. v.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [316] *h₁neḱ- `bring', [??] *h₂neḱ- `attain, reach'Etymology: ἐνέγκαι is an innovation after ἐνεῖκαι (s. v.). Beside ἐγκ- (*h₁nḱ-) there is ἐνεκ- (*h₁neḱ-); with ο-ablaut, Attic reduplication and aspiration ἐν-ήνοχ-α \< *h₁ne-h₁noḱ- (only ο-grade in κατ-ήνοκα H.). Cross of ἐγκ- and ἐνεκ- gave ἐν-ήνεγκται; further influence of ἐνεῖκαι resulted in ἐν-ήνειγκ-ται, ἤνειγκαν a. o. (Att. inscr.). - No exact parallels. IE enḱ-, onḱ- in reduplicated Skt. perf. ān-ámś-a `I have attained' (*h₁e-h₁neḱ-). More widespread is h₁neḱ-, h₁noḱ-: e. g. Lith. neš-ù, OCS nes-ǫ `I bring', and in several verbs for `attain'; e. g. Skt. náśati `attains' (cf K. Hoffmann, Münch. Stud. 2 [new impression] 121ff.), in Germ., e. g. Goth. ga-nah `ἀρκεῖ, it reaches = suffices'. With zero grade (IE *h₁n̥ḱ-) Skt. aś-nó-ti `reaches'. Prob. also Arm. has-anem, aor. has-i `reach'. Further one compares: Hitt. ninink- `raise' (to Lith. -ninkù, -nìkti, Benveniste BSL 50, 40), with nakkiš `heavy', Toch. B eṅk-, A ents- `take'; not here Hitt. ḫink- `hand over, reach'. - W.-Hofmann s. nanciō; Fraenkel Lexis 2, 186. Greek details Schwyzer 647, 744f., 766. - An extra problem is provided by Celtic, e. g. OIr. t-ānac `I came', which must be from another root with h₂-, *h₂e-h₂noḱ-. First distinguished by Kuiper, Nasalpräs. 50). Here perh. also διᾱνεκής. Here also Lat. na-n-c-īscor (nasal present), nactus sum `attain'. - Most difficult is the aorist ἐνεγκεῖν. The development of a form *h₁ne-h₁n̥ḱ-o- is unknown (*ἐνεακο-?? the form would loose its nasal); Beekes, MSS 38, 1979, 18ff. Cowgill operated with a root *Hnenḱ-, Evid. for Laryngeals, 154, n. 22.Page in Frisk: 1,512-513Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐνεγκεῖν
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44 ἐνῑπή
ἐνῑπήGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `reproach, menace, threat' (Il.).Derivatives: Beside it the Jotpresent ἐνίσσω, aor. ἐνένῑπον, ἠνίπαπον (Schwyzer 648 and 748, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 398), new present ἐνίπτω (Il.; ἐνίπτω also A. Ag. 590, cf. to ἐννέπω) `reproach, revile'; lengthened present ἐνιπτάζω (A. R.). - Here also the river name Ένιπεύς (Hdt.)? (s. Boßhardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 98)?Etymology: As verbal noun to ἐνίσσω ἐνῑπ-ή must have had a labio-velar kʷ̯(on the phonetics Risch 245, Schwyzer 704 w. n. 11). Brugmann further connected ὀπῑπεύω (s. v.), Skt. ī́kṣate `see' etc., what he supported (IF 12, 31) by referring to ὄπις `reverent seeing', also `retribution, punishment'); but see below. Thus Porzig Satzinhalte 228: ἐνίσσω orig. `look damaging at ', ἐνιπή `malign look'. Less certain is Brugmanns further combination with (rather unclear) ἴψαο, ἴψεται (s. ἴπτομαι), about `oppress, damage'. This is connected with ἰάπτω \< *h₂i-h₂ekʷ-i̯-; so ἴπτομαι from * h₂i-h₂kʷ- (Kuiper, Glotta 21. 282ff, MKNAW 14: 5, 25 n. 1. ἐνῑ-πή then \< *h₁eni-h₂kʷ̇-.Page in Frisk: 1,519Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐνῑπή
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45 ἐρέβινθος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `chick-pea' (Il.).Derivatives: Deminut. ἐρεβίνθιον (pap.) and ἐρεβινθ-ώδης (Thphr.), - ειος (Zen.), - ιαῖος (Dsk.), - ινος (H., Phot., Suid.).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Eastmediterr.?Etymology: To ὄροβος `id.' (s. v.) with the Pre-Greek suffix - ινθος (Schwyzer 526, Chantraine Formation 370; s. also Kretschmer Glotta 30, 133). Further to Lat. ervum `a kind of vetch', with which some Celtic and Germanic words for `pea etc.' are compared: OHG araweiz, arwiz `pea', MIr. orbaind `grain'. The word may come from the eastern Mediterranean area, s. W.-Hofmann ervum. Cf. also (- ινθος \< *-ιθος to - weiz in ara-weiz?) Kuiper Μνήμης χάριν 1, 217f., Deroy Glotta 35, 180ff. - Skt. aravinda- n. `lotusflower' does not belong here; cf. Mayrhofer Wb. s. v.Page in Frisk: 1,549-550Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐρέβινθος
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46 ἑτοῖμος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `prepared, ready, certain' (Il.).Other forms: younger ἕτοιμοςCompounds: As 1. member in ἑτοιμο-θάνατος `prepared for death' (Str.); as 2. member in ἀν-έτοιμος `not prepared' (Hes. Fr. 219, hell.; functionally postverbal to ἑτοιμάζω, cf. Frisk Adj. priv. 13f.).Derivatives: ἑτοιμότης `willingness, readyness' (D., Plu.); ἑτοιμάζω `prepare' (Il.) with ἑτοιμασία (LXX, NT)Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: No etymology. By Prellwitz Glotta 19, 85ff. explained from ἐτός `true, real' (s. ἐτάζω) and οἶμος `walk, course' (diff. Wb. s. v.); acc. to Kuiper Glotta 21, 278ff.from a locative *ἑτοῖ from *ἑτός = ἐτός with μο-suffix; not better. S. Bq.Page in Frisk: 1,582Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἑτοῖμος
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47 ζημία
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `loss, damage, penalty' (Ion.-Att.).Dialectal forms: Dor. ζᾱμίαDerivatives: ζημιώδης `damaging' (Pl., X.) and the denomin. ζημιόω `damage, punish' (IA) with ζημίωμα `penalty, fine, loss' (Pl., X.), - ωσις `punishment' (Arist.), - ωτής `executioner' (Eust., Sch.), - ωτικός `subject to a ζ.' (Vett. Val.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Uncertain. Sommer Lautstud. 157f. connected ζη-μία with ζῆλος, ζητέω, δίζημαι (s. vv.); to ζῆλος `zeal': ζημία `fine' cf. OE anda `zeal', OHG antōn `punish'. Kuiper Glotta 21, 281f. connected Skt. dīná-, Gr. δειλός s. v.; IE dei̯ā-).Page in Frisk: 1,613Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ζημία
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48 ἦνοψ
ἦνοψ, - οποςGrammatical information: adj.Meaning: of χαλκός (Π 408, Σ 349 = κ 360), of οὑρανός and πυρός (Call. Fr. anon. 24, 28); also PN (Il.). Meaning already in antiquity debated, cf. H.: ἤνοπα λαμπρόν, πάνυ ἔνηχον, διαφανῆ.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Formation in - οψ (Schwyzer 426, Chantraine Formation 258), but further unclear; orig. *Ϝῆν-οψ (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 152); cf. νῶρ-οψ, αἶθ-οψ, also of χαλκός, but without interpretation. Several hypotheses in Bezzenberger BB 1, 338, Reichelt KZ 39, 67, Charpentier KZ 40, 452 n. 2, Froehde BB 18, 63, Stokes BB 20, 223 (cf. Bq.); s. also Kuiper MAWNed. NR. 14: 5, 27 n. 2.Page in Frisk: 1,638Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἦνοψ
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49 θάλπω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `warm', rarely intr. `be warm' (Od.),Other forms: aor. θάλψαιDerivatives: θάλπος n. `warmth' (IA) with δυσ-θαλπής `with bad warmth, shivery' (Ρ 549); or from θάλπω; θαλπωρή `refreshment' (Hom.); θάλψις `warming' (Hp.); θαλπνός `warming' (Pi.; cf. τερπνός; Chantraine Formation 193); θαλπεινή `Iris' (Strömberg Pflanzennamen 82); PN Θάλπιος Β 620. Lengthened ptc. pres. θαλπιόων `warm' (τ 319, Arat. 1073; on the formation Risch 274).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: (Connection with θάλλω "make green" is improbable.) The root is also found in θαλυκρός, * dhal-ukʷ-; the syncopated form without -u-, gave θάλπω. Thus Kuiper, Lingua 21 (1968) 270-275; thus Furnée 384, 391. On syncope in Pre-Greek Fur. 378-385. S. θαλυκρός.Page in Frisk: 1,650Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θάλπω
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50 θάμβος
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `amazement' (Il.).Compounds: As 2. member e. g. in ἀ-θαμβής `fearless, undaunted' (Ibyk., B.) with ἀθαμβία, - ίη `fearlessness, undauntedness' (Democr. 215); back formation ἄθαμβος `undaunted' (Democr. 216), also as PN (Delphi); cf. ἔκθαμβος below; s. Schwyzer 469.Derivatives: θαμβαλέος (Nonn.). Denomin. verbs: 1. θαμβέω, - ῆσαι, also with prefix, e. g. ἐκ-, `be amazed, be frightened' (Il.), hell. also trans. `set in amazement, frighten' (LXX) with θάμβ-ησις, - ημα (Aq.), ἔκθαμβος (Plb.). 2. θαμβαίνω intr. `id..' (Pi.). 3. θαμβεύω trans. `id.' with - ευτής (Aq.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Beside θάμβος there is the perfekt τέθηπα `am amazed' with the thematic root aorist ταφεῖν ( ταφών, τάφε; Il.); from the last τάφος n. = θάμβος (Od., Ibyk.). To τέθηπα sec. θήπω ἐπιθυμῶ, θαυμάζω; also θώψ. A nasal did not voice a following stop in Greek; wrong Schwyzer 692 and 333. - The group is further isolated. (Wood Mod. langu. notes 21, 227 connected Goth. ipv. afdobn `φιμώθητι, become speechless'. As doubtful is the connection with the Germ. group for `slay', e. g. MEng. dabben `slay slowly', NHG tappen (Fick, Pok. 233). Pelasgian etymology by v. Windekens Le Muséon 63, 106ff.; further see Szemerényi Glotta 33, 238ff. - The variation θαπ- ταφ- θαμβ- (with Pre-Greek prenasalization), also *θαϜ- in θαῦμα, cannot be IE, and the whole points to Pre-Greek origin. Thus Kuiper Gedenkschr. Kretchmer 1956, 225; thus Fur. passim.Page in Frisk: 1,651-652Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θάμβος
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51 θαῦμα
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `wonder, astonishment' (Il.).Compounds: As 1. member e. g. in θαυματο-ποιός `wonder-worker = juggler' (Pl., D.).Derivatives: θαυματός `wonderfull' (Hes. Sc. 165, h. Hom., Pi.) with θαυμάσιος `id.' (IA; Schwyzer 466), from where θαυμασιότης (Hp.); θαυματόεις `id.' (Man.); Θαύμας, - αντος (Hes.; Schwyzer 526, Chantraine Formation 269). Denomin. verbs: 1. θαυμαίνω `wonder, admire' (θ 108, h. Ven. 84) with Dor. Θωμάντας (Phleius); 2. θαυμάζω `id.' (Il.; on the formation Schwyzer 734) with θαυμαστής `admirer' and θαυμαστικός (Arist.), θαυμασμός `admiration' (hell.), θαύμακτρον prob. `money paid to see consurer's tricks' (Sophr. 120; cf. Chantraine 332); 3. θαυματίζομαι ἐκπλήττομαι H. - Θώμων (Boeot.); cf. γνῶμα: γνώμων a. o.; s. Bechtel Hist. Personennamen 214.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: θαῦμα belongs to the group of θάμβος, τέθηπα etc. with Pre-Greek labial\/F (Fur. 228-33); this also explains θῶμα with αυ\/ω, beside which through etymological notation in Hdt. also θῶυμα (Hoffmann Dial. 3, 366f.); from IE the variation cannot be explained. These verbal nouns go back on a verb for `see, observe', seen also in θέα `looking at' (s. v.), θεάομαι `behold'; θαῦμα. Thus Kuiper Gedenksch. Kretchmer (1956) 225, Fur. 236, 242 (who further compares Proto-Hatt. tāu̯u̯a `fear').Page in Frisk: 1,655-656Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θαῦμα
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52 θρῆνος
Grammatical information: m.Compounds: Compp. e. g. θρην-ῳδός `who sings a lament' (Alciphr.) with - έω, - ία (E., Plu.), ἔν-θρηνος `full of lament' (Pap.).Derivatives: θρηνώδης `like a lament' (Pl.), θρήνωμα = θρῆνος (pap. Ia; - ωμα only enlarging, Chantraine Formation 186f.). Denomin. verb θρηνέω, aor. θρηνῆσαι, also with prefix, e. g. ἐπι-, κατα-, `start a lament, lament, wail for' (Ω 722) with several derivv.: θρήνημα `lament' (E.), θρηνη-τής, - ητήρ (A.; cf. Benveniste Noms d'agent 42) `lamentation', also θρηνήτωρ (Man.); θρηνητικός (Arist.); ἐπιθρήν-ησις (Plu.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: To θρῆνος in the first place ablauting θρώναξ κηφήν. Λάκωνες H. and reduplicated τενθρήνη `hornet' (cf. also on ἀνθρηδών; see Kuiper Μνήμης χάριν 1, 221f.). Also in other languages we find comparablewords denoting sounds: Skt. dhráṇati `sounds' (gramm.) and the Germanic word for ` Drohne', e. g. OS dreno, with which cf. also Goth. drunjus `sound', NGerm. drönen ` drōhnen' a. o., Lat. drēnsō, - āre the sound of swans (from Gaulic); in all these cases we have to assume an onomatopoetic elementary relation rather than a genetic connection. (Not here Arm. dṙnč̣im `blow the horn' (Mladenov Mélanges Pedersen 95ff.). Cf. with different anlaut Lith. trinkėti ! `drone'; uncertain Toch. A träṅk- `speak'. - Pok. 255f., W.-Hofmann s. drēnsō, Mayrhofer s. dhráṇati. (Hardly to θρέομαι, θόρυβος, θρῦλος.) - We have prob. a Pre-Greek word.Page in Frisk: 1,681-682Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θρῆνος
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53 θρύπτω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `break in pieces, corrupt, enfeeble, med. `be coy and prudish, bridle up, to be enervated, unmanned' (IA).Other forms: Aor. θρύψαι, pass. τρυφῆναι (Il.), later θρυφθῆναι (Arist.), θρυβῆναι (Dsc.), perf. med. τέθρυμμαι,Derivatives: 1. τρύφος n. `fragment' (δ 508, Hdt., Pherecr. a. o.). 2. τρυφή `softness, luxuriousness, wantonness' (Att.); with τρυφερός `soft, wanton' (Att.; after θαλερός, γλυκερός a. o.) with τρυφερότης (Arist.); τρυφηλός `id.' (AP); τρυφαλίς = τροφαλίς and transformations of it (Luc.); τρύφαξ `wanton, debauchee' (Hippod.); denomin. verb τρυφάω, also with prefix, e. g. ἐν-, with ἐντρυφής = τρυφερός (Man.), `live softly, luxurious, be wanton' (Att.) with τρύφημα `wantonness, luxuries', also concrete (E., Ar.), τρυφητής `voluptuary' (D. S.). 3. θρύμμα `fragment' (Hp., Ar.) with θρυμματίς f. kind of cake (middl. Com.), perh. also θρυμίς ἰχθῦς ποιός H. 4. θρύψις `break in pieces, softness, debauchary' (X., Arist.) with θρύψιχος = τρυφερός (Theognost., H.), after μείλιχος (Chantraine Formation 404). 5. From the present: θρυπτικός `mellow, crumbling' (Gal., Dsc.), `softness' (X., D. C.), θρύπτακον κλάσμα ἄρτου. Κρῆτες H.Origin: Sub. Eur.Etymology: θρύπτω can continue IE *dhrubh-i̯ō and agree with Baltic, Latv. drubaža `piece, fragmant', drubazas `splinter'. Also OS drūƀōn, drūvōn `be sad' may agree, as is OIr. drucht `drip', PCelt. * drub-tu-. Latvian has forms in p, e. g. drup-u, drup-t `crumble'. Also in Germanic, e. g. ONo. drjūpa `drip' (with dropi m. `drop'), of which the p however, if old, must go back on IE b, "eine ganz unwahrscheinliche Annahme" (Frisk); rather it is an innovation of one language. - Pok. 274f. - After θρύπτω prob. δρύπτω, s. v. We have here prob. a non-IE substratum word from Europe, of the type dicussed by Kuiper, NOWELE 25 (1995) 68-72.Page in Frisk: 1,688-689Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θρύπτω
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54 ἰάπτω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `shoot, send on, hurt, wound' (Il.)Compounds: Also with prefix, e. g. προ-,Derivatives: On Ίαπετός s.v. On the meanings see βάλλειν. So there is no reason, with Schulze Q. 168 n. 3, Bechtel Lex. s. ἴπτομαι, LSJ to assume two different words (maintained in the LSJ Supplement; the meanings are rather different from those in Frisk and DELG).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Reduplicated formation with generalized reduplication; further unclear. Often combined with *ἴπτομαι, ἴψασθαι `press hard, oppress, hurt' (Bechtel l. c., Kuiper Glotta 21, 282ff. and MAWNed. N. R. 14: 5, 25 n 1), also with Lat. iaciō (Lottner KZ 7, 174, Schulze l. c.; s. Bq and W.-Hofmann s. iaciō); diff. Prellwitz Wb. (wrong; on αἶψα s.v.), Belardi Doxa 3, 206 (Skt. vápati `strew out'). - Whether ἰάσσειν (cod. - εῖν) θυμοῦσθαι, δάκνειν H. was the original present of ἰάψαι (vgl. Bq s. ἰάπτω), is uncertain. - The connection with *ἴπτομαι is semantically not easy; with ἰάσσειν one could suppose * h₂i-h₂ekʷ-, but here again the meanings are difficult to connect.Page in Frisk: 1,705-706Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἰάπτω
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55 ἱμάς-
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `leathern strap, for drawing, lashing etc., thong of a sandal, of a door etc.', as building term `beam' (Il.; Delebecque Cheval 63, 187f.).Compounds: As 1. member e. g. in ἱμαντ-ελίκται pl. "pricker of tapes-", name of the sophists in Democr. 150, ἱμαντελιγμός name of a game (Poll. 9, 118), compounds of ἱμάντας ἑλίσσειν, cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 244 w. n. 1.Derivatives: Diminut. ἱμάντιον (Hp.), ἱμαντ-άριον (Delos IIa a. o.), - ίδιον (EM), - ίσκος (Herod.); adj. ἱμάντινος `of ropes' (Hdt., Hp.), ἱμαντώδης `rope-like' (Pl., Dsc., Gal.); denomin. verbs: 1. ἱμάσσω, aor. ἱμάσαι a) `lash' (Il.) with ἱμάσθλη `lash, whip' (Il.); also μάσθλης (through cross with μάστιξ?, cf. on μαίο-μαι; diff. on ἱμάσσω, ἱμάσθλη Schwyzer 533, 725 n. 3, Belardi Maia 2, 274ff.); b) `provide with ἱμάντες, i. e. beams' only in ἱμασσια `beams?' (IG 4, 823, 26, Troizen IVa; s. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 149 w. n. 1, Bechtel Dial. 2, 510, Scheller Oxytonierung 113 n. 1). 2. ἱμάσκω `wallop' (`fetter'?; Del.3 409, 7; cf. Brugmann IF 29, 214). 3. ἱμαντόω `provide with ἱμάντες, i. e. bed-clothes' in ἱμαντωμένην κλίνην (H. s. πυξ\< ίνην\>; from there ἱμάντωσις (LXX, Poll.), ἱμάντωμα H. - Besides, independent of ἱμάς, but cognate with it: 1. ἱμαῖος (sc. ᾠδή), ἱμαῖον ( μέλος, ᾳ῏σμα) `song at water scooping' (Call., Tryphon, Suid.) with ἱμαοιδός (haplolog. for ἱμαιο-αοιδός) `who sings an ἱμαῖον' (Poll., H.); 2. ἱμάω `bring (water) up with a ropel (from a well)', also metaph. (Arist., Ath.), usually ἀν-, καθ-ιμάω (Ar., X.) with ἱμητήρ ( κάδος, Delos IIa), ἱμητήριος (H. s. ἱβανατρίς), ἀν-, καθ-ίμησις (Plu.); 3. ἱμονιά `well-rope' (Com., Ph., Luc. a. o.; Scheller Oxytonierung 75f.); 4. ἱμανήθρη `id.' s. v.Etymology: As secondary formation in - ντ- (Schwyzer 526, esp. Kretschmer Glotta 14, 99f.) ἱμάς supposes a noun, that is found also in ἱμάω, ἱμαῖος, so e.g. *ἱμᾱ `rope' ( ἱμαῖος from ἱμάω like δαμαῖος from δαμάζω?; cf. Chantr. Form. 48f.); beside it we find in ἱμον-ιά (as in καθ-, κατ-ιμονεύει καθίησι, καθιεῖ H., if not free formed to ἱμονιά) an ν-stem, prob. *ἱμων; thus ἱμανήθρη through *ἱμανάω, perh. *ἱμαίνω goes back on *ἱμάνη (cf. πλεκτάνη, ἀρτάνη; this seems quite doubtful, however), or *ἷμα; cf. e. g. γνώμη: γνῶμα: γνώμων. Note the changing quantity of the anlauting vowel: against length in ἱμονιά, ἱμανήθρη, καθ-ιμάω stands a short in ἱμαῖος, mostly also in ἱμάς (except Φ 544, Κ 475 a. o., cf. Schulze Q. 181, 466 n. 1) with compp. and derivv. The change cannot go back on old ablaut (as Frisl says), but it will continue * sh₁i-, which with metathesis (to * sih₁m-) gives a long, without a short vowel; see Schrijver, Laryngals in Latin 519ff, who supposes that a stressed form resulted in the long vowel. With *ἱ̄μων agrees exactly a Germ. word for `rope', e. g. OWNo. sīmi, OS sīmo m.; with deviant meaning Skt. sīmán- m. f. `skull, boundary', IE * sī-mon-, sī-men- (note that for Germ. also * seh₁i-m- is possible); formally identical are *ἱμᾱ and Skt. sīmā f. `boundary'; an m-suffix also in Irish sim `chain'. The primary verb `bind' is still seen in Indo-Iranian, Baltic and Hittite, e. g. Skt. sy-ati, si-nā́-ti, Ptz. sĭ-ta-, Lith. sienù, siẽti, Hitt. išh̯ii̯a-, 3. sg. išh̯āi. The nominal derivv. are very numerous, a. o. OHG NHG seil (uncertain hypotheses in Specht Ursprung 227). More forms Pok. 891f. - (The group ἰβάνη, ἴβανος etc. (s. v. and s. εἴβω) is rather Pre-Greek (Kuiper Μνήμης χάριν 1, 212f.).Page in Frisk: 1,724-725Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἱμάς-
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56 ἴφθιμος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `powerful, strong, vigilant' (Hom., Theoc., D. P.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: -Uncertain because the meaning is uncertain (as are ἐρῆμος, ἑτοῖμος, s. vv.). The abcence of a digamma (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 143) makes connection with ἴς, ἶφι improbable. Kuiper Glotta 21, 289ff. and ZII 8, 249f. connected φθάνω and (with Collitz BB 18, 226ff.) Skt. kṣáyati `possess, dominate'; s. the doubts in Schwyzer 326 n. 1. Prob. a Pre-Greek word.Page in Frisk: 1,745Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἴφθιμος
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57 καιάδᾱς
καιάδᾱςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `pit or cavern at Sparta, into which people sentenced to death or their bodies were thrown' (Th. 1, 134, Paus. 4, 18,4, D. Chr. 80, 9).Other forms: - ου, Dor. -ᾱDerivatives: Also καιάτας, - έτας `id.' (Eust. 1478, 45); καιετός `fissure produced by earthquake' (Str. 8, 5, 7), καίατα ὀρύγματα η τὰ ὑπὸ σεισμῶν καταρραγέντα χωρία HOrigin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The connection with Skt. kévaṭa- m. `pit' must be rejected (Kuiper, Aryans in the Rgveda 27); so no IE. *kaiu̯r̥-t-; cf. Mayrhofer KEWA s. v.). The form καιετός may be a reshaping after ὀχετός, ( σ)κάπετος a. o. In καιάδας an old variant with - δ- is suspected (Schwyzer 498 n. 13; but words like γαιάδας ὁ δῆμος ὑπὸ Λακώνων, γαυσάδας ψευδής H. show the Laconian use of the δᾱ-suffix also oustide their territory). Mixed forms are καιάτας, - έτας. - Vgl. κητώεσσαν. - It seems clear that the word is Pre-Greek; perhaps *kawye-, which would give *καιϜα\/ ετ-; the ε from a after the palatalized consonant (the δ is a normal variant). Fur. 180, 349.Page in Frisk: 1,753Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καιάδᾱς
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58 καπᾱνα
καπᾱ́ναGrammatical information: f.Meaning: Thessalic word for `waggon' = ἀπήνη (Xenarch. 11, H.), -η `cross-bar of the waggon (?)' (Poll. 1, 142), καπᾶναι ( καπαλαί cod.) φάτναι H.Derivatives: καπάναξ `side-piece of the waggon-box ' (Poll. ibid.; cf. δίφραξ from δίφρος); καπανικώτερα adjunct of Θετταλικά ( δεῖπνα) in Ar. Fr. 492, in Ath. 9, 418d = ἁμαξιαῖα `filling a waggon', acc. to H. as alternative = χορταστικώτερα, ἀπὸ τῆς φάτνης `more foodful, more plenteous' (LSJ, from καπάνη = κάπη). - Unclear καπάνη τριχίνη κυνῆ, καπάνια ἁρπεδόνες, καπαλίζει ζευγηλατεῖ H. - Here also Καπανεύς EN? (Boßhardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 121).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Prob. prop. `chest', formation in -ᾱνᾱ (Chantraine Formation 206; cf. esp. ἀπήνη) from κάπη, κάπτω?, s. v. καπάνα reminds of Gallorom. capanna (Alessio Studi Etr. 19, 175 n. 34). Kuiper Μνήμης χάριν 1, 213 n. 9 compared ἀπήνη, with κ\/zero, which means that the word is Pre-Greek, which seems more probable. Fur. 224 n. 96 compares γάπος ὄχημα. Τυρρηνοί H.Page in Frisk: 1,780Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καπᾱνα
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59 κασίγνητος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `brother, sister (of the same mother), cousin' (Il.).Other forms: κασιγνήτη f. also Corc., Cypr., Lesb.; cf. Bowra JournofHellStud. 54, 65), Thess. κατίγνειτος m.Compounds: Compp.: αὑτο-κασίγνητος (Il.), - ήτη (κ 137), πατρο-κασίγνητος, - ήτη `uncle, aunt' (Hom.), ματρο-κασιγνῆται pl. `sister through the mother (?)' (A. Eu. 962); συγ-κασιγνήτη `(own) sister' (E. IT 800).Derivatives: Short form (s. below) κάσις, (- ιος) m. f. `id.' (trag., Call., Nic.), σύγ-κασις `(own) sister'(E. Alk. 410 [lyr.]). Also κάσιοι (for - ιες?) οἱ ἐκ τῆς αὑτῆς ἀγέλης ἀδελφοί τε καὶ ἀνεψιοί. καὶ ἐπὶ θηλειῶν οὕτως ἔλεγον Λάκωνες. H.; cf. Leumann Hom. Wörter 307 w. n. 79, where κάσις, κασίγνητος with doubtful right are taken from the poetical language. Unclear are κασεν (Lacon. Knabeninschr.; s. Kretschmer Glotta 3, 270ff., Schwyzer 625 n. 5 [for καθ'ἕν?]) and καινίτα ἀδελφή, καινίτας ἀδελφοὺς καὶ ἀδελφάς H. (Cyprian \< κασιγνητ- [with itacism]?; s. v. Blumenthal Hesychst. 22).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [373] *ǵnh₁-tos + *km̥t-i- `born with (from the same mother)'Etymology: Diff. Kuiper Glotta 21, 287: from κατα. So `born (also, together) from the (same) mother'. On κασι- \< *κατι- s. on καί. Ruijgh, Élément ach. 137f; Beekes, Development 219f.Page in Frisk: 1,797-798Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κασίγνητος
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60 κελλάς
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: μονόφθαλμος H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: The - λλ- can go back on - λν-. Then κελλάς could be the fem.(?) of κελλός, which H. glosses as στρεβλός, πλάγιος (to κυλλός?), which could be from a nominal n-stem or from a verb with no- (IE. *kel-n-ó-s or *kel-nó-s). A remarkable semantic agreement shows OIr. (OWelsh?) coll, Skt kāṇá- `one-eyed', if represent ing IE. * kol-no- (s. Mayrhofer KEWA s. v.; but Kuiper considers the words as of Munda origin, Mayrh. EWAia I 436.) Persson Beitr. 2, 646f. a. 960f. Fur. 354 connects κιλλιξ, rather improb. Note that the word indicated a corporeal defect.Page in Frisk: 1,817Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κελλάς
См. также в других словарях:
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