-
81 geben
ge·ben <gibt, gab, gegeben> [ʼge:bn̩]vt1) ( reichen)jdm etw \geben to give sb sth, to give sth to sb;gibst du mir bitte mal das Brot? could you give [or hand] me the bread, please? [or pass];ich würde alles darum \geben, ihn noch einmal zu sehen I would give anything to see him again; ( beim Kartenspiel) to deal;du hast mir 3 Joker gegeben you've dealt me 3 jokers;wer gibt jetzt? whose turn is it to deal?2) ( schenken) to give [as a present]3) ( mitteilen)er ließ sich die Speisekarte \geben he asked for the menujdm etw \geben to get sb sth;( bezahlen)was darf ich Ihnen \geben? what can I get you?;darf ich Ihnen sonst noch was \geben? can I get you anything else?;\geben Sie mir bitte fünf Brötchen I'd like five bread rolls please;ich gebe Ihnen 500 Euro für das Bild I'll give you [or let you have] 500 euros for the picture;Preisnachlass/Skonto \geben to give a reduction/cash discount5) ( spenden)etw gibt jdm etw sth gives [sb] sth;6) ( verleihen)einen Preis \geben to award a prize;Titel/Namen \geben to give a title/name;diese erfreuliche Nachricht gab ihr neue Zuversicht this welcome piece of news gave her new confidence;der Gedanke an eine Rettung gab uns immer wieder Kraft the thought of being rescued always gave us strengthjdm jdn \geben to put sb through to sb;\geben Sie mir bitte Frau Schmidt can I speak to Mrs Smith, please8) ( stellen)jdm etw \geben to give [or set] sb sth;9) ( abhalten)etw \geben to give sth;der Minister wird eine Pressekonferenz \geben the minister will give [or hold] a press conference10) (bieten, gewähren, zukommen lassen)jd gibt [jdm] etw sb gives [or allows] [sb] sth;jdm einen Namen \geben to name a person;jdm ein Interview \geben to grant sb an interview;jdm eine Verwarnung \geben to give sb a warning; sport to book sb;der Schiedsrichter gab dem Spieler eine Verwarnung wegen Foulspiels the referee booked the player for a foul;ein Theaterstück \geben to put on a playein Fest \geben to give a partysein Auto in [die] Reparatur \geben to have one's car repaired;sein Kind in ein Internat \geben to send one's child to boarding school;dürfen wir während unseres Urlaubs unsere Katze zu euch \geben? can you take our cat while we're away?Wein in die Soße \geben to add wine to the sauceetw \geben to produce sth;sieben mal sieben gibt neunundvierzig seven times seven equals forty-nine, seven sevens are forty-nine;Rotwein gibt Flecken red wine stains [or leaves stains];keinen Sinn \geben that makes no sense;ein Wort gab das andere one word led to anotheretw \geben to teach sth;Nachhilfestunden \geben to give private tuition;Unterricht \geben to teach;jdm etw zu tun \geben to give sb sth to doer gab wenig Worte von sich he said very little;WENDUNGEN:jdm etw zu tun \geben to give sb sth to do;das wird ihm für die nächsten Monate zu tun geben! that'll keep him busy for the next few months!;das sollte der Firmenleitung zu denken \geben that should give the company management something to think about!;jdm ist etw nicht gegeben sth is not given to sb;nicht allen ist es gegeben, einem solchen Ereignis beizuwohnen not everybody gets the opportunity to be present at such an event;es war ihm nicht gegeben, seine Heimatstadt wiederzusehen he was not destined to see his home town again;ich gebe nicht viel auf die Gerüchte I don't pay much attention to rumours;gib's ihm! let him have it!vijetzt hast du genug gemischt, gib endlich! you've shuffled enough now, just deal them!du gibst! it's your serve1) ( gereicht werden)es gibt etw there is sth;hoffentlich gibt es bald was zu essen! I hope there's something to eat soon!;was gibt es zum Frühstück? what's for breakfast?;freitags gibt es bei uns immer Fisch we always have fish on Fridays2) ( eintreten)es gibt etw there is sth;heute gibt es noch Regen it'll rain today;hat es sonst noch etwas gegeben, als ich weg war? has anything else happened while I was away;was wird das noch geben? where will it all lead to?;gleich gibt es was ( fam) there's going to be trouble3) (existieren, passieren)etw/ jdn gibt es there's sth/sb;das gibt es nicht! ( fam) no way!, nothing doing!, forget it!;das gibt es nicht, dass du einfach meinen Wagen nimmst there's no way that you're taking [or using] my car;ein Bär mit zwei Köpfen? das gibt es nicht! a bear with two heads? there's no such thing!;das gibt es doch nicht! ( fam) that's unbelievable;so was gibt es bei uns nicht! that's not on [as far as we're concerned]!;was es nicht alles gibt! ( fam) well, I'll be damned! ( fam), stone me! (sl), stone the crows ( Brit) (sl)WENDUNGEN:da gibt es nichts! ( fam) there are no two ways about it;seine Lieder sind einmalig, da gibt es nichts! there's no doubt about it, his songs are uniquevr1) ( nachlassen)etw gibt sich sth eases [off] [or lets up];das gibt sich it will sort itself out;die Kopfschmerzen werden sich \geben your headache will go off;diese Aufsässigkeit wird sich bald von ganz alleine \geben this rebelliousness will soon die down of its own accord; ( sich erledigen) to sort itself out;manches gibt sich von selbst wieder some things sort themselves out;das wird sich schon \geben it will all work out [for the best]2) (sich benehmen, aufführen)sich als etw \geben to behave in a certain way;sie gab sich sehr überrascht she acted very surprised;nach außen gab er sich heiter outwardly he behaved cheerfully;sie gibt sich, wie sie ist she doesn't try to be anything she isn't;sich von der besten Seite \geben to show one's best side3) (sich finden, ergeben)etw gibt sich sth arises;es wird sich schon noch eine Gelegenheit \geben there's sure to be another opportunity -
82 Wenn
Konj.1. zeitlich: when; (so oft) whenever; (sobald) as soon as; immer wenn whenever; jedes Mal, wenn das Telefon läutet every time the telephone rings; wenn ich einmal groß bin when I grow up; wenn du erst einmal dort bist once you’re there; wenn schon! so what?2. in Konditionalsätzen: if; JUR. oft if and when; (vorausgesetzt) provided (that); wenn er nicht gewesen wäre if it hadn’t been for him; wenn ich das gewusst hätte if I had known (that), had I known (that); wenn das so ist if that’s the case; wenn das Wörtchen wenn nicht wär... umg. if!; außer wenn unless, except if3. in Wendungen: wenn man ihn so reden hört to hear him talk; und wenn du noch so sehr bittest you can plead as much as you like; wenn nicht heute, so doch morgen if not today then tomorrow; wenn ich das wüsste I wish I knew; wenn man bedenkt, dass... when you think that...; wenn du das sagst, wird’s wohl stimmen umg. if you say so; wenn es schon sein muss, dann gleich umg. if it’s got to be done let’s get it over with; wenn nichts dazwischenkommt unless something crops up; wenn nicht, dann eben nicht umg. well, we may as well forget about that; wenn man nach... urteilt judging by...; es war ein neuer, wenn auch langsamer Versuch it was a new, albeit ( oder if) slow, attempt; wenn auch noch so klein etc. however small etc.; wenn doch oder nur if only; schon 7, 8, 10* * *das Wennif* * *Wẹnn [vɛn]nt -s, -Wenn und Aber — (the) ifs and buts* * *1) (in the event that; on condition that: He will have to go into hospital if his illness gets any worse; I'll only stay if you can stay too.) if2) (supposing that: If he were to come along now, we would be in trouble.) if3) when4) (in spite of the fact that; considering that: Why do you walk when you have a car?) when* * *[vɛn]\wenn das so ist if that's the way it is▪ \wenn... doch [o bloß] ...! if only...!* * *das; Wenns, Wenn od. (ugs.) Wennsdas Wenn und Aber, die Wenn[s] und Aber[s] — the ifs and buts
* * *Wenn n:* * *das; Wenns, Wenn od. (ugs.) Wennsdas Wenn und Aber, die Wenn[s] und Aber[s] — the ifs and buts
* * *(Mathematik) ausdr.if and only if (iff) expr. adv.if adv.what if expr.when adv.whensoever adv. konj.unless conj.whether conj. -
83 aftermath
- mæƟnoun (the situation etc resulting from an important, especially unpleasant, event: The country is still suffering from the aftermath of the war.) ettervirkning, følgesubst. \/ˈɑːftəmæθ\/, \/ˈɑːftəmɑːθ\/1) ettervirkning2) ( landbruk) ettervekstin the aftermath of etter, i kjølvannet avetter krigen \/ i etterkrigstiden -
84 отказ
1) refusal, denial; (отклонение) rejection; (отречение) renunciation, repudiationполучить отказ — to be refused, to be turned down
взаимный отказ от угрозы силой или её применения — mutual renunciation of the use or threat of force
категорический отказ — categorical / flat refusal
мотивированный отказ — motivated / reasoned refusal
решительный отказ — point-blank refusal, categorical denial
отказ в выдаче лицензии / разрешения — dismissal of license
отказ в поддержании / поддержке (кандидата на выборах и т.п.) — non-support
отказ от войны как средства разрешения межгосударственных споров — rejection / renunciation of war(s) as a means of settling interstate disputes
отказ от договора — repudiation / denunciation of a treaty
отказ от намерений достичь военного превосходства — disavowal of an intention to achieve military superiority
отказ от политики экономических блокад и санкций — renunciation of the policy of economic blockades and sanctions
отказ от претензий на территориальный суверенитет — renunciation of claims to territorial sovereignty
отказ от применения силы в международных отношениях — renunciation of the use of force in international relations
отказ от применения силы или угрозы силой — renunciation of force or threat of force
отказ от решения территориальных споров военными средствами — renunciation of settling territorial claims by military means
отказ ядерных держав от войны друг против друга или против третьего государства — renunciation by the nuclear powers of war against each other or against third countries
2) юр. abandonment, waiver, refusalотказ от иммунитета от юрисдикции — waiver / waiving of jurisdictional immunity
отказ от иска / претензии — waiver of the claim
отказ от права — abandonment / waiver of right
лицо, в пользу которого имеет место отказ от каких-л. прав — releasee
отказ передать вопрос на судебное разрешение — refusal to submit the issue for judicial determination
отказ (от договора) с предупреждением — withdrawal by notice
-
85 Verteidigungsfall
* * *Ver|tei|di|gungs|fallmwenn der Vertéídigungsfall eintritt — if defence should be necessary
* * *Ver·tei·di·gungs·fallm▪ ein/der \Verteidigungsfall [the event of a] defensive warim \Verteidigungsfall in the event of having to defend oneself [from invasion/attack]* * *im Verteidigungsfall if defence (US -se) becomes necessary -
86 unlikely
unlikely [ʌnˈlaɪklɪ]• an unlikely place to find... un endroit où l'on ne s'attend guère à trouver...* * *[ʌn'laɪklɪ]1) ( unexpected) improbable, peu probableit is unlikely that — il est peu probable que (+ subj)
2) ( strange) [partner, choice, situation] inattendu3) ( probably untrue) [story] invraisemblable; [excuse] peu probable -
87 Verteidigungsfall
Ver·tei·di·gungs·fall mein/der \Verteidigungsfall [the event of a] defensive war;im \Verteidigungsfall in the event of having to defend oneself [from invasion/attack]Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch für Studenten > Verteidigungsfall
-
88 horror
1. noun1) Entsetzen, das (at über + Akk.); (repugnance) Grausen, dashave a horror of somebody/something/doing something — einen Horror vor jemandem/etwas haben/einen Horror davor haben, etwas zu tun (ugs.)
2) (horrifying quality) Grauenhaftigkeit, die; (horrifying thing) Gräuel, der; (horrifying person) Scheusal, das2. attributive adjectiveHorror[comic, -film, -geschichte]* * *['horə]2) (a disagreeable person or thing: Her little boy is an absolute horror.) der Greuel•- academic.ru/35634/horrible">horrible- horribleness
- horribly
- horrid
- horrific
- horrify
- horrifying* * *hor·ror[ˈhɒrəʳ, AM ˈhɔ:rɚ]nto be filled with \horror von Schrecken [o Grauen] erfüllt seinto be paralysed with \horror vor Entsetzen wie gelähmt seinto express one's \horror at a crime sein Entsetzen über ein Verbrechen zum Ausdruck bringento have a \horror of sth panische Angst vor etw dat habento have a \horror of doing sth einen Horror davor haben, etw zu tunin \horror entsetztto sb's \horror zu jds Entsetzenthat child is a little \horror! dieses Kind ist der reinste Horror!3.▶ [\horror of] \horrors! ach, du liebes bisschen!* * *['hɒrə(r)]1. nto have a horror of sth — einen Horror vor etw (dat) haben
to have a horror of doing sth — einen Horror davor haben, etw zu tun
he has a horror of growing old — er hat eine panische Angst vor dem Altwerden, ihm graut vor dem Altwerden
a scene of horror — ein Bild nt des Grauens
3) (inf)to be a real horror — furchtbar sein (inf)
4)horror of horrors (referring to an actual event) — oh Schreck (inf)
if, horror of horrors,... — wenn, Gott behüte,...
2. attrHorror-horror film or movie (esp US) — Horrorfilm m
most people have a horror story about holidays — fast jeder kann eine Horrorgeschichte aus dem Urlaub erzählen
* * *A s1. Entsetzen n, Grau(s)en n, Schrecken m:in horror entsetzt;to my horror zu meinem Entsetzen;seized with horror von Grauen gepackthave a horror of einen Horror haben vor (dat);have a horror of doing sth einen Horror davor haben, etwas zu tun3. a) Schrecken m, Gräuel m:b) Gräueltat f4. Grausigkeit f, Entsetzlichkeit f, (das) Schauerliche5. umg (etwas) Scheußliches, Gräuel m (Person oder Sache), Scheusal n, Ekel n (Person):an architectural horror eine architektonische Scheußlichkeit;that hat is a (real) horror der Hut sieht (einfach) verboten ausa) völlig down sein,b) sich wahnsinnige Sorgen machen,c) weiße Mäuse sehen (Wahnvorstellungen haben);it gave me the horrors umg mich packte dabei das kalte GrausenB adj Grusel…, Horror…:* * *1. noun1) Entsetzen, das (at über + Akk.); (repugnance) Grausen, dashave a horror of somebody/something/doing something — einen Horror vor jemandem/etwas haben/einen Horror davor haben, etwas zu tun (ugs.)
2) (horrifying quality) Grauenhaftigkeit, die; (horrifying thing) Gräuel, der; (horrifying person) Scheusal, das2. attributive adjectiveHorror[comic, -film, -geschichte]* * *(of) n.Abscheu - f.Gräuel - m.Schrecken m. -
89 po
praep. 1. (później niż) after- po śniadaniu/pracy/wojnie after breakfast/work/the war- po chwili after a bit a. moment- po godzinie/dwóch latach an hour/two years later, after an hour/two years- po dwuletnim pobycie w więzieniu after two years in prison- po południu in the afternoon- pięć/kwadrans po czwartej five/a quarter past four- wróciła po dwunastej she came back after twelve- po ukończeniu studiów rozpoczął pracę w szkole after a. on graduating he began working at a school- zdrzemnął się po wyjściu gości he nodded off after the guests had left pot.- po pięćdziesiątce musisz zacząć dbać o siebie when you’re over fifty you need to take care of yourself- po czym and then, after which- oprowadził mnie po starym mieście, po czym zaprosił na piwo he showed me around the Old Town and then invited me for a beer- po czasie late- oddał referat pięć dni po czasie he handed in his paper five days late2. (w przestrzeni, w różnych miejscach) (all) over, around, round GB- po całym mieście/kraju/domu all over (the) town/the country/the house- po całej Europie all over Europe, throughout the whole of Europe- ubrania porozrzucane po pokoju clothes flung all over a. scattered around the room- porozlewać wodę po podłodze to spill water all over the floor- biegać po sklepach to run round the shops pot.- chodzić po korytarzu/pokoju to walk up and down the corridor/around the room- chodzić po lesie/górach to walk in the forest/mountains- oprowadzić kogoś po zamku to show sb around a castle- szukać czegoś po encyklopediach to look a. hunt through encyclopedias for sth- szepczą o tym po kawiarniach tongues are beginning to wag (about it)3. (o powierzchni) (na) on; (wzdłuż) along- chodzić po piasku/trawie to walk on sand/grass- poruszać się po szynach to move (along) on rails- jechać na rowerze po szosie/ścieżce to cycle along a. on a road/path- ślizgać się po zamarzniętym jeziorze to skate on a frozen lake- bębnić palcami po stole to drum one’s fingers on the table- wchodzić/schodzić po schodach to walk up/down the stairs- zjeżdżać po poręczy to slide down the banisters- zupa ściekała mu po brodzie the soup was dripping down his chin- poruszać się po linii prostej to move in a straight line- przechodzić przez jezdnię po pasach to cross the road at a zebra crossing- głaskać kogoś po włosach/policzku to stroke sb’s hair/cheek- całować kogoś po rękach to kiss sb’s hands- pokrzywy parzyły go po nogach nettles were stinging his legs4. (o stronie) on- po tej/drugiej stronie ulicy on this/on the other side of the street- po prawej stronie drogi to the right of the road- po obu stronach kartki on both sides of the paper- kawałek chleba posmarowany po wierzchu dżemem a piece of bread with jam spread on top- placek przypalony po brzegach a pie burnt along the edges5. (do górnej granicy) (przestrzennej) (up) to, as far as; (czasowej) up to, till, until- po szyję/czubek głowy up to the neck/the top of one’s head- silne wiatry od Bałkanów po Skandynawię strong winds from the Balkans up to Scandinavia- wody było po kolana the water was knee-deep- talerz pełen po brzegi a plate full to the brim- od średniowiecza po schyłek Oświecenia from the Middle Ages up to a. until the end of the Enlightenment- od profesora po sekretarkę from the professor down to the secretary6. (w hierarchii, kolejności) after- była w naszym domu pierwszą osobą po ojcu she was the second most important person in our home after father- miał piąty po zwycięzcy czas na mecie he had the fifth best time (after the winner)- jeden po drugim one after the other a. another- przesłuchiwał taśmę po taśmie he listened to one tape after another- krok po kroku step by step- dzień po dniu day after day; day in, day out7. (dziedziczenie) from (kimś sb)- odziedziczyć coś po kimś to inherit sth from sb- objąć stanowisko po kimś to take over sb’s position, to succeed sb- objął tron po wuju he succeeded his uncle to a. on the throne- dom miał po dziadku he inherited the house from his grandfather- po matce miała talent muzyczny she had inherited her mother’s musical talent- prowadził po ojcu sklep mięsny he ran a butcher’s shop inherited from his father- nosić imię po dziadku to be named after one’s grandfather8. (następstwo) [sprzątać, zmywać] after (kimś sb)- rozpaczać po kimś to grieve over a. for sb- płakać po kimś to mourn sb- obiecywać sobie coś a. oczekiwać czegoś po kimś/czymś to expect sth from sb/sth- nie obiecuj sobie po nim zbyt wiele don’t expect too much from him- czego oczekujesz po tym zebraniu? what are you expecting from the meeting?- butelka po mleku/piwie a milk/beer bottle- pusty worek po ziemniakach an empty potato sack9 (na podstawie) by- poznać kogoś po głosie/ruchach to recognize sb by their voice/movements- po czym go poznałeś? how did you recognize him?- widać po twoich oczach, że jesteś zmęczona I can see a. tell by your eyes that you’re tired- sądząc po akcencie, (on) pochodzi z Dublina judging by a. from his accent, he comes from Dublin10 (cel) for (kogoś/coś sb/sth)- stać w kolejce po mięso to stand in the meat queue, to queue up for meat- zadzwonić po lekarza/taksówkę to phone for the doctor/a taxi- poszła do sklepu po chleb she went to the shop for some bread- poszedł po wnuczkę he went to collect his granddaughter- zatelefonowała do niego po radę she called him to ask for some advice- przyszedłem tu tylko po to, żeby wyjaśnić całą sprawę I just came here to explain the whole thing a. business pot.- nie po to przez pięć lat studiowałam prawo, żeby pracować jako kelnerka I didn’t study law for five years (in order) to work as a waitress- co a. cóż ci po pękniętej filiżance? what do you need a cracked cup for?- nic mi po takich radach what’s the use of advice like that?- nic tu po mnie I’m not needed here; I may as well go a. be off pot- po co what for?, why?- po cóż whatever for?- po co ci nóż? what do you need a knife for?- nie wiem, po co tu przyszła I don’t know what she came here for a. why she came here11 (wyrażające miarę, liczbę, wartość) po trzy z każdej strony three on each side- po parę razy dziennie several times a day- trzy pliki po sto banknotów (każdy) three bundles of a hundred banknotes each- po 2 złote za sztukę (at) 2 zlotys each a. apiece- po 5 złotych za kilo (at) 5 zlotys a a. per kilo- po ile? a. po czemu? przest. how much?- po ile te pomidory? how much are these tomatoes?- wchodziły po jednej they entered one by one a. one at a time- podchodzić do stołu po dwóch/trzech to come up to a. approach the table in twos/threes- po trochu bit by bit, little by little- zapłaciliśmy po dziesięć złotych we paid ten zlotys each- dostali po dwa jabłka they each got two apples- każde dziecko dostało po zabawce each child a. each of the children got a toy- Adam i Robert wygrali po książce Adam and Robert each won a book12 (w wyrażeniu przysłówkowym) po ojcowsku/profesorsku/chłopięcemu like a father/professor/boy- zrób to po swojemu do it your own way- czy mówisz po litewsku/włosku? can you speak Lithuanian/Italian?- powiedz to po angielsku say it in English■ po temu (stosowny) for it- to nie miejsce i czas po temu this is not the (right) time or place for it- powiem jej, kiedy nadarzy się po temu okazja I’ll tell her when I get the chance a. opportunity- mam po temu powody I have my reasons- miała wszelkie warunki po temu, żeby być dobrą aktorką she had all the makings of a good actress* * *abbr ( SZKOL: = Przysposobienie Obronne)* * *poprep.+ Loc.1. ( czas) after; past; dziesięć po trzeciej ten past l. after three; już po wszystkim it's all over now; mądry Polak po szkodzie everybody's got 20/20 hindsight, (it's easy to be) wise after the event; po chwili after a while, a moment later; po lecie przychodzi jesień summer is followed by fall l. autumn; po kilku latach after a few years, (a) few years later; po śniadaniu after breakfast; po zmroku after dark; przyjadę po świętach I'll come after Christmas.3. ( pochodzenie) from, of; butelka po winie (empty) wine bottle; garnek po mleku dirty milk pot; puszka po rybach empty fish can; rzeczy po kimś hand-me-downs.4. (= na podstawie) by; nie dać czegoś znać po sobie not let sth show; rozpoznać kogoś po akcencie/głosie recognize l. tell sb by his l. her accent/voice.5. ( dziedziczenie) after, from; dostała imię po babce she was named after her grandmother; głos mam po ojcu I get my voice from my father; objąć stanowisko po kimś take over from sb; spadek po wujku inheritance from one's uncle.6. ( hierarchia) after, next to; najważniejszy po prezydencie next to president; pierwszy po Bogu next to God; po Mickiewiczu after Mickiewicz.7. (przestrzeń, powierzchnia) in, around, on, over, along; całować kogoś po policzkach/rękach kiss sb's cheeks/hand; chodzić po linie walk on a rope; dreszcz przebiegł mi po plecach chill ran down my spine; głaskać kogoś po włosach stroke sb's hair; po drugiej stronie on the other side; po kładce over the footbridge; po korytarzu in l. along the corridor; po kraju around the country; po lesie/górach in the forest/mountains; po linii prostej in a straight line; po niebie in the sky; po mieście around the city; po okolicy around the neighborhood; po pokoju around the room; po trawie on grass; schodzić po schodach/drabinie go down the stairs/ladder; wchodzić po schodach/drabinie go up the stairs/ladder; wędrować po górach walk l. hike the mountains.8. ( rozciągłość w przestrzeni) around, round; chodzić po ludziach go from door to door; przesiadywać po kawiarniach sit around in cafes; jeździć po sanatoriach go from one sanatorium to another; włóczyć się po sądach drag o.s. from court to court.9. ( rozciągłość w czasie) to, till, until; pisać po całych dniach write for days on end; ślęczeć po nocach sit up late.10. ( systematyczność) by; po kawałku piece by piece, bit by bit; po trochu bit by bit; little by little.11. + Acc. ( zasięg) (up) to; stać w wodzie po kolana stand knee-deep in water; kufel wypełniony po brzegi beer mug full to the brim; uśmiać się po pachy laugh one's head off.12. + Acc. ( kres) till, until, to; aż po wszystkie czasy przest. till l. to the end of time; po dziś dzień przest. to this day.13. + Acc. ( cel) for; przyjść po poradę come for advice; dzwonić po lekarza call a doctor; sięgać po poradnik reach for a handbook; po co? what for?; po co to robisz? what are you doing this for?; nie pójdę tam, bo i po co? I'm not going there, what's the use?; po co o tym myślisz? what's the use of thinking about it?; nie wiem, po co to zrobiłem I don't know what I did it for; licho wie po co god knows why; po co ta mowa? pot. save your breath; po jakie licho l. kiego grzyba? pot. what the heck l. hell for?14. + Acc. (okeślona, powtarzająca się ilość, liczba) a, per; po trzy złote za kilogram three zloty a kilo; po pięć sztuk w paczce five items per pack.16. + Dat. ( sposób) in; po angielsku/polsku in English/Polish; po bożemu in a godly fashion; po cichu silently; po góralsku highlanders' fashion; po koleżeńsku friendly; po ludzku humanely; po mistrzowsku in a masterly way; po nowemu in a new way; po ojcowsku like a father; po pijanemu when drunk; po prostu just like that; po staremu in the (same) old way; posuwać się po omacku grope in the dark.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > po
-
90 final1
1 = completion, end, ending, finale, goodbye [good-bye], output stage, final.Ex. The time period between the completion of a cycle (e.g. at the end of a volume or a year) and the publication of the associated cumulative indexes should be as short as possible.Ex. Scanning must start to the left of the bar codes and must continue past the right end.Ex. The teacher should not give away any details which would be best enjoyed when met for the first time in a full reading, such as twist in the plot, unexpected endings, and the like.Ex. The article 'Encore! Integrating children's literature as a prelude or finale to music experiences with young children' shows how teachers and library specialists can integrate children's literature about song, dance, or musical instruments in music classes.Ex. The article 'Books -- is it goodbye?' shows that while there was a sharp increase in fiction in Finland after the 2nd World War, the amount of fiction is now beginning to decline.Ex. To rephrase this in terms already used, they involve effort at the input stage in order to reduce effort at the output stage = Expresando esto con términos ya usados, suponen un esfuerzo en la etapa inicial con objeto de reducir el esfuerzo en la etapa final.Ex. A heavy reliance on midterms and finals were associated with lower teacher ratings across disciplines.----* acercarse al final = draw to + an end, draw to + a close, come to + an end.* a final de cuentas = after all is said and done.* a finales de = by the end of, in the late + Fecha.* a finales de + Expresión Temporal = as of late + Expresión Temporal, at the end of + Expresión Temporal, at the close of + Expresión Temporal, by the close of + Expresión Temporal.* a finales de + Fecha = in late + Fecha.* a finales de los + Década = late + Década, the.* a finales del + Siglo = late + Siglo, late period of + Siglo.* aguantar hasta el final = stick it out.* al final = in the end, eventually, in the final count, terminally, ultimately, at the end of the day.* al final (de) = at the end (of).* al final de cuentas = when all is said and done.* al final del día = at the close of the day.* al final de su mandato = lame duck.* al final resultó que = in the event.* al principio y al final = both ends.* al principio y al final de = at each end of.* balance final, el = bottom line, the.* cuartos de final = quarter-finals.* de final de año = end-year.* de finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX = turn-of-the-century.* el final de = the close of.* el final de los problemas = the light at the end of the tunnel.* empezar por el final = work back from.* estrategia final = endgame.* fase final = endgame.* final apoteósico = grandstand finish.* final de la jornada laboral = close of business.* final del plazo = closing date, deadline, dateline.* final feliz = happy ending, happy end.* final, la = final, the.* hacia finales del + Siglo = later + Siglo, the.* hasta el final = until the end, until the bitter end.* hasta el final de los tiempos = till the end of time.* incluir al final = append.* llegar a final de mes = make + ends meet.* llegar al final de = come to + the end of, get through.* llegar al final de su vida útil = come to + the end of + Posesivo + useful life, reach + the end of + Posesivo + useful life.* llevar Algo hasta el final = carry + Nombre + to the end.* luchar hasta el final = battle + it out, fight until + the end.* marca de final de campo = delimiter.* marcar el final = mark + the end.* marcar + Posesivo + final = mark + Posesivo + end.* nota al final = endnote.* nota al final del texto = endnote.* para finales de = by the end of.* para finales de + Expresión Temporal = by the close of + Expresión Temporal.* poner punto y final a = sound + the death knell for.* puede que al final sea para bien = be a blessing in disguise.* salir bien al final = turn out + right in the end.* significar el final de = mean + the end of.* toque final, el = finishing touch, the. -
91 cerca
adv.near, close.¿está o queda cerca? is it near o nearby?ver algo/a alguien de cerca to see something/somebody close uppor aquí cerca nearbysi no costó dos millones, andará cerca it can't have cost much less than two millionf.1 fence (valla).2 picket fence.pres.indicat.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: cercar.* * *► adverbio1 (lugar y tiempo) near, close\■ cerca de la estación near the station, close to the stationde cerca closely————————1 (vallado) fence, wall* * *1. adv.close, near, nearby- cerca de2. noun f.1) fence2) wall* * *ISF (=valla) [de madera, alambre] fence; [de piedra, ladrillo] wallIIcerca eléctrica — electrified fence, electric fence
1. ADV1) [indicando proximidad] [de aquí o allí] near, nearby; [entre objetos, personas] closeestá aquí cerca — it's very o just near here
¿está cerca la estación? — is the station near here o nearby?
está tan cerca que puedo ir andando — it's so near here o so close I can just walk
las casas están tan cerca que se pueden oír las conversaciones de los vecinos — the houses are so close (to each other) that you can hear what the neighbours are saying
quería tener más cerca a los amigos — he wanted to be nearer (to) o closer to his friends
las vacaciones están ya cerca — the holidays are nearly here, the holidays are not far off now
•
cerca de — near (to), close toviven cerca de la playa — they live near (to) o close to the beach
2)•
de cerca —a) (=a poca distancia) [ver] close up; [seguir, observar, vigilar] closelyno veo bien de cerca — I can't see things close up, I'm long-sighted
visto de cerca, parece mayor — when you see him close up o at close quarters, he seems older
pudo ver de cerca la pobreza — she got to see poverty close at hand o at close quarters
el coche iba a gran velocidad, seguido de cerca por su escolta — the car was travelling at a high speed, followed closely by its escort
b) (=en persona) in personpara todos aquellos que no puedan ver la exposición de cerca — for all those unable to see the exhibition in person
he tenido la oportunidad de conocer de cerca a muchos famosos — I have had the opportunity of meeting many famous people personally o in person
los que lo conocen de cerca hablan muy bien de él — those who know him well speak very highly of him
no conoce de cerca los problemas de la población — he does not have first-hand o personal knowledge of the people's problems
3)• cerca de — (=casi) nearly
cerca de 2.500 personas — nearly 2,500 people
•
estar cerca de hacer algo — to come close to doing sthhe estado cerca de tirar el libro por la ventana — I've come close to throwing that book out of the window
estuvimos tan cerca de conseguir la victoria... — we were so close to obtaining victory...
4) esp Cono Surcerca nuestro/mío — near us/me
2. SM †1) (=aspecto)* * *I1)a) ( en el espacio) near, close¿hay algún banco cerca? — is there a bank nearby o close by?
cerca de algo/alguien — near something/somebody
viven cerca de Tampico/de casa — they live near Tampico/near us
b)de cerca — close up, close to
ver algo de cerca — to see something close up o close to
2) ( en el tiempo) closecerca de algo/+ inf — close to something/-ing
serán cerca de las dos — it must be nearly 2 o'clock o getting on for 2
3) ( indicando aproximación)cerca de — almost, nearly
IIcerca de 1.000 — almost o nearly 1,000
* * *I1)a) ( en el espacio) near, close¿hay algún banco cerca? — is there a bank nearby o close by?
cerca de algo/alguien — near something/somebody
viven cerca de Tampico/de casa — they live near Tampico/near us
b)de cerca — close up, close to
ver algo de cerca — to see something close up o close to
2) ( en el tiempo) closecerca de algo/+ inf — close to something/-ing
serán cerca de las dos — it must be nearly 2 o'clock o getting on for 2
3) ( indicando aproximación)cerca de — almost, nearly
IIcerca de 1.000 — almost o nearly 1,000
* * *cerca11 = picket fence, fence.Ex: The barrier between religion & government in the US is described as a picket fence between accommodationists & separationists.
Ex: I asked why Mr McGregor had a fence around the garden and whether or not Peter needed to go there for food.* cerca de alambre = wire fence.* cerca de alambre de púas = barbed-wire fence.* cerca de tela metálica = wire fence.* peldaños para saltar una cerca = stile.cerca2= near, nearby [near-by], near at hand, close at hand, handy, nigh, within walking distance, in the vicinity, within easy walking distance, within an easy walk.Ex: You can restrict the neighborhood even more by using NEAR, which searches for two (or more) terms, in any order, in the same sentence.
Ex: An earlier leakage had prompted library staff to make arrangements with a nearby firm of book conservation specialists in the event of a further disaster.Ex: The firm does not have to be near at hand, but there must be plenty of cooperation and consultation as to selection of stock.Ex: Material needed daily should be stored close at hand.Ex: The desire soon dies away and the book is forgotten if copies are not handy = El deseo pronto muere y el libro se olvida si no hay ejemplares a mano.Ex: The article 'The end is nigh' predicts that the information technology crisis is likely to be worse than predicted because of the need to organize replacement of systems affected by the millennium problem = El artículo "El fin esta cerca' predice que la crisis de la tecnología de la información es probable que sea pero de lo previsto debido a la necesidad de organizar la sustitución de los sistemas afectados por el problema del milenio.Ex: The pilot phase focused on the students at schools within walking distance of the Central Library.Ex: In general while on desk duty the librarian must be aware of what is happening in the vicinity and notice who is coming and going.Ex: For those who wish to make their own arrangements for accommodation, there are many hotels within easy walking distance.Ex: A great neighborhood has stores and shops that satisfy everyday needs within an easy walk from home.* al examinar Algo de cerca = on closer examination, on closer inspection.* cerca de = close to, near [nearer -comp., nearest -sup.], in the vicinity of, in close proximity to, around, a heartbeat away from, in sight of, in the proximity of.* cerca de + Fecha/Número = circa + Fecha/Número [ca o c, -abrev.].* cerca + Posesivo = at + Posesivo + elbow.* cerca uno del otro = in close proximity.* conducir demasiado cerca de otro = tailgate.* controlado de cerca = closely monitored.* de cerca = at close range, at close quarters.* demasiado cerca = too close for comfort.* estar cerca = be at hand, be around.* estar cerca de = be close to.* estar muy cerca de = be one step away from, be steps away from, come + very close to.* lo suficientemente cerca = within range.* lo suficientemente cerca como para oír = within earshot of.* más cerca de = more nearly.* mirada de cerca = close look.* mirada más de cerca = closer look.* mucho más cerca = far closer.* muy cerca = close-by.* muy de cerca = not far behind.* peligrosamente cerca = too close for comfort.* seguido de cerca = closely followed, closely monitored.* seguir de cerca = monitor, stay in + control, keep + track of.* ver la muerte de cerca = have + brushes with death.* vigilado de cerca = under close guard.* vigilar Algo muy de cerca = keep + a watchful eye.* visión de cerca = ringside view, ringside seat.* vivir cerca = live + locally.* * *A1 (en el espacio) near, closesu casa queda or está muy cerca her house is very near o very close¿hay algún banco cerca? is there a bank nearby o close by?vamos a pie, queda aquí cerquita let's walk, it's very near (here) o it's very closequeda cerquísima it's only just around the corner ( o just down the road etc)una de estas tiendas que hay aquí cerca one of these shops just up the road o around the corner o near herecerca DE algo/algn:viven cerca de casa/de Tampico they live near us/near Tampicosiéntate cerca de mí or ( crit) cerca mío sit near meme siento muy cerca de ti I feel very close to you2de cerca close up, close tome acerqué para verlo de cerca I went nearer so I could see it close up o close tono veo bien de cerca I'm longsightedseguir algo de cerca to follow sth closelyB (en el tiempo) closelos exámenes ya están cerca the exams aren't far away now, the exams are getting quite close nowcerca DE algo:estamos ya cerca de la Navidad Christmas is not far awaycuando estemos más cerca de la fecha te lo diré I'll tell you closer to o nearer the dayestás tan cerca de lograrlo you're so close o near to achieving itC(indicando aproximación): cerca de almost, nearly, close onvendieron cerca de 1.000 cabezas de ganado they sold almost o nearly o close on 1,000 head of cattle(de alambre, madera) fence; (de piedra) wall* * *
Del verbo cercar: ( conjugate cercar)
cerca es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
cerca
cercar
cerca adverbio
cerca de algo/algn near sth/sb;◊ ¿hay algún banco cerca? is there a bank nearby o close by?;
está por aquí cerca it's near here (somewhere);
mirar algo/a algn de cerca to look at sth/sb close up o close to;
seguir algo de cerca to follow sth closely
estás tan cerca de lograrlo you're so close to achieving it;
serán cerca de las dos it must be nearly 2 o'clockc) ( indicando aproximación):
■ sustantivo femenino (de alambre, madera) fence;
( de piedra) wall
cercar ( conjugate cercar) verbo transitivo
( con valla) to fence in
‹ enemigo› to surround
cerca 1 adverbio
1 (a poca distancia) near, close: el colegio está cerca de la biblioteca, the school is near the library
estábamos ya muy cerca, cuando..., we were almost there when...
ponte más cerca de ella, get closer to her
de cerca, closely: lo examiné de cerca, I examined it close up
2 (próximo en el tiempo) soon: ya están cerca las vacaciones, the holidays are coming up soon
♦ Locuciones: cerca de, (casi, aproximadamente) nearly, around
cerca de mil personas, about one thousand people
les esperamos cerca de una hora, we waited for them for about an hour (a punto de) estuve cerca de conseguirlo, I very nearly succeeded
cerca 2 sustantivo femenino fence, wall
cercar verbo transitivo
1 (con una valla) to fence, enclose
2 (al enemigo) to surround
' cerca' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
borde
- caer
- encima
- excavar
- filo
- junta
- junto
- mayoría
- ponerse
- seto
- tarde
- topless
- valla
- casi
- encontrar
- luego
- portón
- tapia
- tocar
- vecino
- ventaja
- ver
- verja
English:
alongside
- apprehend
- around
- avoid
- by
- chart
- circa
- close
- closely
- come up to
- convenient
- cricket
- do
- early
- fence
- go by
- gunshot
- hand
- handy
- hotly
- inhibited
- near
- nearby
- on
- pass by
- proximity
- quarter
- round
- shadow
- spitting distance
- tail
- thereabout
- thereabouts
- village
- yacht
- zoom in
- anywhere
- ear
- examination
- fencing
- florist
- follow
- late
- lie
- point
- range
- run
- set
- somewhere
- stile
* * *♦ nf[valla] fence; [muro] wall cerca eléctrica electric fence;cerca viva hedge♦ adv1. [en el espacio] near, close;no me hace falta un taxi porque voy cerca I don't need a taxi, because I'm not going far;cerca de near, close to;está cerca de mí it's near me;estuvo cerca de ganar el premio she came close to winning the prize;de cerca [examinar, mirar] closely;[afectar] deeply; [vivir] first-hand;vivió de cerca el problema de las drogas she had first-hand experience of drug addiction;no ve bien de cerca he's long-sighted;ver algo/a alguien de cerca to see sth/sb close up;por aquí cerca nearbycerca del principio close to o near the beginning;son cerca de las ocho it's about eight (o'clock);los hechos ocurrieron cerca de las seis de la tarde the events in question took place at around six o'clock in the evening;estamos cerca del final del festival we are nearing o approaching the end of the festivalacudieron cerca de mil manifestantes there were nearly o about a thousand demonstrators there;si no costó 2 millones, andará cerca it can't have cost much less than 2 million* * *1 f fence2 adv1 near, close;de cerca close up;seguir de cerca follow closely;vivo muy cerca, me coge muy cerca I live very close by;cerca de near, close to2 ( casi) nearly* * *cerca adv1) : close, near, nearby2)cerca de : nearly, almostcerca nf1) : fence2) : (stone) wall* * *cerca1 adv near / close¿vives cerca de aquí? do you live near here?cerca2 n fence -
92 call
1. I1) 1 heard smb. calling я слышал, что кто-то звал /кричал/; did you hear me call? вы слышали, как я звал?; obey when duty calls подчиняться требованию долга /, когда призывает долг/; [this is] London calling говорит Лондон2) did anybody call? кто-нибудь приходил /был/?; he was out when I called его не было [дома], когда я заходил2. IIcall at some time call often (seldom, again, etc.) заходить /наведываться/ часто и т. д.; I'll call tomorrow я забегу завтра; has the laundry called yet? из прачечной уже приезжали?; very few neighbours have called yet нас пока навестили еще очень немногие соседи; call somewhere call there заходить туда; all sorts of people call here сюда заходят всякие люди3. III1) call smb., smth. call a dog (the boys, etc.) звать /окликать, подзывать/ собаку и т. д.; I called him but he didn't hear me я крикнул ему, но он меня не услышал; your mother is calling you тебя зовет мать; call a doctor (a witness, the police, a taxi, etc.) вызывать врача и т. д., call smb.'s name окликать кого-л. по имени, выкрикивать чье-л. имя; call a register делать перекличку; call a meeting созывать собрание; call a strike объявлять забастовку2) call smb., smth. usually in the interrogative what are you going to call the baby? как вы собираетесь назвать ребенка?; what do you call this flower? как называется этот цветок?; I don't know what to call it не знаю, как это назвать3) call smb. will you call me or shall I call you? вы мне позвоните или я вам?4. IV1) call smb. in some manner call smb. persistently (urgently, frantically, etc.) настоятельно и т. д. звать кого-л.; call smb. together созывать кого-л.; call smb. somewhere call smb. aside отзывать кого-л. в сторону; call smb. down попросить кого-л. сойти вниз; call smb. inприглашать кого-л. войти; call the children in позовите детей домой /в дом/; call smb. at some time he asked to call him early он просил разбудить его рано2) call smb. at some time please call me tomorrow пожалуйста, позвоните мне завтра [по телефону]5. V1) call smb. smth., smb. call smb. a taxi (a cab, a doctor, etc.) вызывать кому-л. /для кого-л./ такси и т. д.2) call smb. smth., smb. call the baby Mary (the dog Rex, etc.) называть ребенка [именем] Мэри и т. д.; his name is Richard but we all call him Dick его имя Ричард, но мы все зовем его Диком; call smb. a liar (a fool, a rogue, a child, everything under the sun, a miser, an ass, etc.) называть /обзывать/ кого-л. лжецом и т. д.).3) call smth. smb., smth. call it a swindle (that a low-down trick, her a slut, that a shame, this a very good house, etc.) считать /называть/ это мошенничеством и т. д.; do you call English an easy language? вы считаете /можете назвать/ английский язык легким?; I call that show a success по-моему, спектакль имел успех; this is what I call real coffee вот это я называю настоящим кофе6. VIcall smth. as possessing some quality call smth. fair (dishonest, mean, nice, etc.) считать что-л. справедливым и т. д.; I don't call this cheap я не нахожу, что это дешево7. VIIcall smb. to do smth. call the police to stop the fight (him to witness the event, etc.) позвать полицию, чтобы прекратить драку и т. д., call smth. to do smth. he called her name to see if she was at home он позвал ее по имени, чтобы проверить, дома ли она /чтобы убедиться, что она дома/8. XI1) be called in some manner the singer was called three times певца вызывали три раза; be called somewhere be called to the manager (before the judge, before the committee, to the Ministry, etc.) быть вызванным к управляющему и т. д.; I was called home on urgent business меня вызвали домой по срочному делу; the ambassador was called home посол был отозван; be called to smth. his attention was called to the dangerous state of the building ему указали /его внимание обратили/ на аварийное состояние здания; the meeting was called to order by the chairman председатель призвал собрание к порядку; be called for some time the meeting was called for Monday собрание было назначено на понедельник be called into being быть вызванным к жизни, возникнуть; the plant was called into being by war requirements этот завод появился в ответ на требования военного времени2) be called smth. be called John (Магу, etc.) зваться Джоном и т. д.; what is it called? как это называется?; the book is called "The Gadfly" книга называется "Овод"; be called after smb. fin smb.'s honour/ be called after smb.'s mother (after smb.'s uncle, etc.) быть названным в честь матери и т. д.3) be called smb., smth. be called the best writer of the period (a scholar, an outstanding scientist, a marvel, the most beautiful city, etc.) считаться /слыть/ лучшим писателем своего времени и т. д.; Chaucer is called the Father of English Poetry Чосера называют отцом английской поэзии4) be called (up)on [by smb.]' I don't like to be called on before 11 a. m. я не люблю, когда ко мне приходят до одиннадцати утра; we were called on by the neighbours нас навестили /к нам зашли/ соседи; be called for the letter (the parcel, books, etc.) will be called for за письмом и т. д. придут /зайдут/; this envelope is to be left till called for конверт лежит /остается/ здесь, пока за ним не придут5) be called for strong measures (drastic steps, etc.) are called for необходимы /нужны, требуются/ решительные меры и т. д.; you must take such steps as seem to be called for вы должны предпринять необходимые шаги; an explanation is called for a данном случае не обойтись без объяснений; no excuses are called for объяснений не требуется; if a second edition is called for если возникнет необходимость во втором издании; be called (up)on to do smth. be called upon to speak (to do so many things, to take part in it, etc.) оказаться вынужденным выступить и т. д.; my friend was called upon to make a report моего друга попросили выступить с отчетом /с докладом/; he felt called upon to speak он счел себя не в праве промолчать; I was never called on to play мне ни разу не пришлось играть; I feel called upon to warn you я чувствую себя обязанным предупредить вас9. XIIIcall to do smth. I called to see how you were (to see you, to know whether you wanted anything, etc.) я заходил, чтобы узнать, как вы поживаете и т. д.', а man has called to read the electric power meter приходил какой-то человек снять показания счетчика10. XVI1) call for smth., smb. call for a taxi (for a cab, etc.) позвать /остановить/ такси и т. д., call for help звать на помощь; call for smb. звать кого-л.; call to smb. I called to him but he appeared not to hear я его окликнул, но он, казалось, не слышал; call to smb. to do smth. /for smth./ he called to me to help /for help/ он позвал меня на помощь; call to smth. the trumpet called to battle труба звала в бой; call from some place call from the roof (from downstairs, from upstairs, etc.) кричать с крыши и т. д.; call across smth. call across a river (across the street, across the hall, etc.) звать /кричать/ с того берега реки и т. д.', call upon smb. I now call upon Mr. Smith я предоставляю слово господину Смиту, слово имеет господин Смит2) call at some place call at smb.'s house (at the hotel, at an office, at a shop, at the library, etc.) заходить к кому-л. домой и т. д.;I will call at the post office on my way home я зайду на почту по дороге домой; the train calls at every station поезд останавливается на каждой станции; the boat calls at intermediate ports пароход заходит в промежуточные порты; call (up)on smb. call on a friend (on us, on him without an invitation, on her with a letter of introduction, etc.) заходить к другу /приятелю/ и т. д.', I shall call on him personally я сам к нему загляну; they are not people one can call upon они не такие люди, к которым можно зайти запросто; we must call on our new neighbour нам надо навестить нашего нового соседа; call at some time call at noon (at three o'clock, etc.) заходить в полдень и т. д.; call for some time call for a moment (for a minute, etc.) зайти / заскочить/ на минутку и т. д.; call for smth., smb. call for the parcel (for one's pipe, for her, etc.) заходить за посылкой и т. д., call for orders явиться за указаниями; he called for me with a car он заехал за мной на машине; I'll call for you at your house я заеду или зайду за вами домой3) callf rom some place call from a pay booth (from a pay station, from Leningrad, etc.) (по-)звонить [по телефону] из автомата и т. д.4) call on smb. I hope we shall not have to call on you я надеюсь, нам не придется прибегать к вашим услугам, обращаться к вам [за помощью]; call ( up)on smth. call on smb.'s help (on smb.'s services, etc.) прибегать к чьей-л. помощи и т. д.; call on smb.'s knowledge (on smb.'s skill, etc.) использовать чьи-л. звания и т.д., I had to call upon all my strength мне пришлось напрячь все силы; call on smb. for smth. call on you for help (on him for a hundred pounds, on her for an explanation, etc.) обращаться к вам за помощью и т. д., call on him for a speech просить его выступить; call (up)on smb. to do smth. call upon us to help / (up)on us to give assistance/ (upon them to defend the country, upon the rebels to surrender, etc.) взывать к нам о помощи и т. д.; you must call on him to apologize вы должны потребовать, чтобы он извинился; the teacher called on him to answer учитель вызвал его отвечать5) call for smth. call for a discussion (for a three-power conference, for an increase of salary, for reduction of prices, etc.) выступать с требованием провести дискуссию /обсуждение/ и т. д.; call for drastic measures (for prompt action, for immediate solution, for a cool head, etc.) требовать решительных мер и т. д.; the situation calls for tact and patience в такой ситуации необходимы такт и терпение /нужно вооружиться тактом и терпением/; the results of the experiment called for a discussion было необходимо обсудить результаты опыта11. XVIIIcall oneself smb., smth. call oneself a colonel (a philosopher, a scholar, etc.) называть себя полковником и т.д., назваться полковником и т. д.12. XXI11) call smb. (in)to smth. call the children into the house (the messenger into the office, the girl (in)to the garden, etc.) звать детей в дом и т. д.; will you call the family to dinner? будьте добры позвать всех обедать; they called him to the Ministry его вызвали в министерство; call smth. smb. for smb. call a taxi for me (a doctor for him, etc.) вызовите мне такси и т.д., would you call the porter for me? будьте добры, позовите мне носильщика; call smb. by smth. call him by wireless (her by a letter, etc.) вызвать его телеграммой и т. д., call smb. at some time call smb. at six o'clock (early in the morning, etc.) (разбудить кого-л. в шесть часов и т. д.; call smth. for fame time call a meeting for August (the session for three o'clock, etc.) созывать /назначать/ собрание на август и т. д.2) call smth., smb. to smth. call the meeting to order (the class to order, etc.) призывать собрание к порядку и т. д.; three times during the lesson the teacher had to call one of the pupils to attention три раза за время урока преподавателю пришлось обратиться к ученику /окликнуть ученика/, чтобы он не отвлекался; call smb. to account призвать кого-л. к ответу; call smth., smb. to mind вспоминать что-л., кого-л.; I can't call this scene to mind я не могу вспомнить эту сцену; call smb.'s attention to the picture (to the unusual man, etc.) обращать чье-л. внимание на картину и т.д., please call attention to any errors that you find просьба сообщать о всех замеченных ошибках; she tried not to call attention to herself она старалась не привлекать к себе внимания3) || call smth. into being /into existence/ создать что-л., вызвать /пробудить/ что-л. к жизни; better living conditions called into being new and wider Interest вследствие улучшения условий жизни возникли / появились/ новые, более широкие интересы4) call smb. by some name call the child by the name of Paul (him by his brother's name, etc.) назвать ребенка именем Поль /Полем/ и т. д.; don't call me by my first name не называйте меня no имени; call smb., smth. after smb., smth. call the child after his father (the town after the first settler, etc.) называть ребенка именем /в честь/ отца и т. д.; call smth. in some language what do you call this in Russian? как это называется по-русски? id call things by their true /proper/ names называть вещи своими именами5) call smb. from somewhere call smb. from London (from out of town, etc.) (позвонить кому-л. из Лондона и т. д.; I am calling from a pay station я звоню) с переговорной || call smb. on the telephone позвонить кому-л. по телефону13. XXVI1) call smth. what... you can call it what you like можете называть это, как хотите2) call smb. when... (if..., etc.) call me when you arrive (if he comes, etc.) позвоните мне, когда приедете и т. д.14. XXVII21) call on smb. while... (when..., etc.) someone called on you while /when/ you were out кто-то приходил к вам, пока вас не было2) call on smb. whenever (if..., etc.) whenever (if) you need help, feel free to call on me когда бы вам ни понадобилась помощь ( если вам понадобится помощь), не стесняйтесь обратиться ко мне -
93 Ford, Henry
[br]b. 30 July 1863 Dearborn, Michigan, USAd. 7 April 1947 Dearborn, Michigan, USA[br]American pioneer motor-car maker and developer of mass-production methods.[br]He was the son of an Irish immigrant farmer, William Ford, and the oldest son to survive of Mary Litogot; his mother died in 1876 with the birth of her sixth child. He went to the village school, and at the age of 16 he was apprenticed to Flower brothers' machine shop and then at the Drydock \& Engineering Works in Detroit. In 1882 he left to return to the family farm and spent some time working with a 1 1/2 hp steam engine doing odd jobs for the farming community at $3 per day. He was then employed as a demonstrator for Westinghouse steam engines. He met Clara Jane Bryant at New Year 1885 and they were married on 11 April 1888. Their only child, Edsel Bryant Ford, was born on 6 November 1893.At that time Henry worked on steam engine repairs for the Edison Illuminating Company, where he became Chief Engineer. He became one of a group working to develop a "horseless carriage" in 1896 and in June completed his first vehicle, a "quadri cycle" with a two-cylinder engine. It was built in a brick shed, which had to be partially demolished to get the carriage out.Ford became involved in motor racing, at which he was more successful than he was in starting a car-manufacturing company. Several early ventures failed, until the Ford Motor Company of 1903. By October 1908 they had started with production of the Model T. The first, of which over 15 million were built up to the end of its production in May 1927, came out with bought-out steel stampings and a planetary gearbox, and had a one-piece four-cylinder block with a bolt-on head. This was one of the most successful models built by Ford or any other motor manufacturer in the life of the motor car.Interchangeability of components was an important element in Ford's philosophy. Ford was a pioneer in the use of vanadium steel for engine components. He adopted the principles of Frederick Taylor, the pioneer of time-and-motion study, and installed the world's first moving assembly line for the production of magnetos, started in 1913. He installed blast furnaces at the factory to make his own steel, and he also promoted research and the cultivation of the soya bean, from which a plastic was derived.In October 1913 he introduced the "Five Dollar Day", almost doubling the normal rate of pay. This was a profit-sharing scheme for his employees and contained an element of a reward for good behaviour. About this time he initiated work on an agricultural tractor, the "Fordson" made by a separate company, the directors of which were Henry and his son Edsel.In 1915 he chartered the Oscar II, a "peace ship", and with fifty-five delegates sailed for Europe a week before Christmas, docking at Oslo. Their objective was to appeal to all European Heads of State to stop the war. He had hoped to persuade manufacturers to replace armaments with tractors in their production programmes. In the event, Ford took to his bed in the hotel with a chill, stayed there for five days and then sailed for New York and home. He did, however, continue to finance the peace activists who remained in Europe. Back in America, he stood for election to the US Senate but was defeated. He was probably the father of John Dahlinger, illegitimate son of Evangeline Dahlinger, a stenographer employed by the firm and on whom he lavished gifts of cars, clothes and properties. He became the owner of a weekly newspaper, the Dearborn Independent, which became the medium for the expression of many of his more unorthodox ideas. He was involved in a lawsuit with the Chicago Tribune in 1919, during which he was cross-examined on his knowledge of American history: he is reputed to have said "History is bunk". What he actually said was, "History is bunk as it is taught in schools", a very different comment. The lawyers who thus made a fool of him would have been surprised if they could have foreseen the force and energy that their actions were to release. For years Ford employed a team of specialists to scour America and Europe for furniture, artefacts and relics of all kinds, illustrating various aspects of history. Starting with the Wayside Inn from South Sudbury, Massachusetts, buildings were bought, dismantled and moved, to be reconstructed in Greenfield Village, near Dearborn. The courthouse where Abraham Lincoln had practised law and the Ohio bicycle shop where the Wright brothers built their first primitive aeroplane were added to the farmhouse where the proprietor, Henry Ford, had been born. Replicas were made of Independence Hall, Congress Hall and the old City Hall in Philadelphia, and even a reconstruction of Edison's Menlo Park laboratory was installed. The Henry Ford museum was officially opened on 21 October 1929, on the fiftieth anniversary of Edison's invention of the incandescent bulb, but it continued to be a primary preoccupation of the great American car maker until his death.Henry Ford was also responsible for a number of aeronautical developments at the Ford Airport at Dearborn. He introduced the first use of radio to guide a commercial aircraft, the first regular airmail service in the United States. He also manufactured the country's first all-metal multi-engined plane, the Ford Tri-Motor.Edsel became President of the Ford Motor Company on his father's resignation from that position on 30 December 1918. Following the end of production in May 1927 of the Model T, the replacement Model A was not in production for another six months. During this period Henry Ford, though officially retired from the presidency of the company, repeatedly interfered and countermanded the orders of his son, ostensibly the man in charge. Edsel, who died of stomach cancer at his home at Grosse Point, Detroit, on 26 May 1943, was the father of Henry Ford II. Henry Ford died at his home, "Fair Lane", four years after his son's death.[br]Bibliography1922, with S.Crowther, My Life and Work, London: Heinemann.Further ReadingR.Lacey, 1986, Ford, the Men and the Machine, London: Heinemann. W.C.Richards, 1948, The Last Billionaire, Henry Ford, New York: Charles Scribner.IMcN -
94 على
عَلَى \ against: touching (usually sth. upright): The rain beat against the window. He pressed his nose against the glass. on: showing where sb. or sth. is placed: He lay on his back on the bed. The picture hung on a nail on the wall. Your name is on the list. He hit me on the nose. The boat is on the river (in the water). The house is on the river (beside the water), as in the previous meaning, but with movement (often with to) He jumped on (to) his horse. The book fell on (to) the floor. onto: on to: He sprang onto the table. over: lying across; resting on; covering: A cloud was over the sun. She spread a cloth over the table, across the surface of Ships sail over the sea, above (in rank, etc.) He rules over a proud people, about; concerning They quarrelled over the resutl of the race. You need not hurry over your dinner. upon: on. \ عَلَى \ on shore, ashore: on dry land; not on the sea; on or to the shore: Sailors are unhappy ashore. We swam ashore from the boat. \ See Also نَحْوَ البَرّ، اليابسة (اليَابِسَة) \ عَلَى \ ashore: on or to the shore: Sailors are unhappy ashore. We swam ashore from the boat. on shore, ashore: on dry land; not on the sea. \ See Also نَحْوَ الشّاطِئ \ عَلَى اتِّصَال (عكس مُنْقَطع عن) \ in touch: (the opposite is out of touch) giving or receiving news: I’ve been in touch with my brother by telephone. The radio keeps us in touch with world events. \ عَلَى أتَمّ ما يكُون من التَّرتيب والهِنْدام \ spick and span: (as a predic. phrase) neat, clean and bright: Sailors usually keep their boats spick and span. \ عَلَى الأَثير \ on the air: being sent out on the radio or television. \ عَلَى أَحْسَن وَجْه \ best, well, better: in the best way: Peter played best last week. \ عَلَى أرْبَع \ on all fours: on hands and knees: She went down on all fours to look for the needle. \ عَلَى الأرض \ over: from an upright (or straight) position to a flat (or bent) position: I fell over. He knocked me over. She bent over to pick it up. \ عَلَى استعداد \ content: willing: I’m content to wait for my turn. \ عَلَى أشُدِّه \ in full swing: (of an activity) at its highest point; very busy: The party was in full swing when I arrived. \ عَلَى الإطلاق \ little: (coming just before the verb) not at all: I little knew (or Little did I know) that next day he would be dead. not in the least: not at all: It doesn’t matter in the least. whatever: at all: I have no money whatever. whatsoever: a strong form of whatever; at all: Tell him nothing whatsoever!. \ عَلَى الأَغْلَب \ for the most part: mostly: He is old and for the most part he stays at home. \ عَلَى أَقْصَى ما تستطيع رؤيتَه \ in the distance: far away (from the point where one is): In the distance he could see the mountains. \ عَلَى الأَقَلّ \ a good: (with numbers) at least: He lives a good 3 miles away. at least: (showing that sth. is true, necessary, etc., even if sth. else is not) in spite of what has just been said or is just going to be said: He may be lazy but at least he’s honest. You can at least be polite even if you don’t like him, not less than It cost at least $100. quite: at least; not less than: The journey took quite three hours. \ عَلَى الأَكثَر \ largely: mostly: The accident was largely his own fault. mainly: chiefly; mostly. \ عَلَى انفِراد \ private: (only in the phrase in private) privately; where nobody can hear except those concerned: May I speak to you in private. \ عَلَى أُهْبَة الاستعداد \ stand by: to be ready, in case one may be needed: The soldiers were told to stand by. \ عَلَى أَيّ حال \ anyhow: in any case: I don’t really need this; anyhow, it costs too much. anyway: in any case: I may be late; anyway, don’t wait for me, in any case I don’t really need this; anyhow, it costs too much. at all events, in any event: in any case; whatever may happen or has happened: He didn’t win but, at all events, he did try hard. at any rate: at least; in any case: He wasn’t there; at any rate, I don’t think he was. I may not succeed; but I’ll try, at any rate. in any case: no matter what else may be considered, anyhow: It costs too much. In any case, I don’t really need it. \ عَلَى أيَّة حال \ all the same, at the same time: (only at the start of a sentence; comparing points that are for and against) in spite of this: He’s not clever; all the same, he does try hard. however: all the same; in spite of what has just been said: I’m very tired; however, I’ll come and help you. \ عَلَى بُعد \ away: at a distance: Brighton is 60 miles away. Keep away from the wet paint. beyond: further; on or to the farther side: I looked across the river to the hills beyond. \ عَلَى التَّخْصِيص \ in particular: especially: I enjoyed his first song in particular. \ عَلَى التَّوَالي \ respectively: separately, in that order: Boys and girls will be examined on Monday and Tuesday respectively (the boys on Monday, the girls on Tuesday). \ عَلَى جَانِب \ up: along (up and down are both used like this, although the course may be quite level): He lives just up the road. \ عَلَى الجميع \ round: to everyone: He handed the coffee round. There were not enough cups to go round. \ عَلَى حَدٍّ \ as far as, so far as: (showing a limit): As far as I know, he’s not here. \ عَلَى حَدٍّ سَواء \ alike: in the same way: He treats us all alike. \ عَلَى حَدِّ عِلْمي \ to the best knowledge: as far as I know: To the best of my knowledge, he is honest (I have no reason to doubt his honesty). \ عَلَى حِدَة \ private: (only in the phrase in private) privately; where nobody can hear except those concerned: May I speak to you in private?. separate: not joined or shared; apart: Keep the new milk separate from the old. \ عَلَى حَقّ (مُحِقّ) \ be in the right: not be at fault: Although they said she’d made a mistake, they discovered she was in the right. \ عَلَى حِين غِرَّة \ all of a sudden: in a sudden manner. suddenly: in a sudden manner: The door opened suddenly. \ عَلَى خَطَأ \ in the wrong: mistaken (in one’s judgement, behaviour etc.). \ عَلَى الدَّوام \ always: at all times. \ عَلَى رؤوس الأصابِع \ on tiptoe: on the tips of one’s toes: I can reach that if I stand on tiptoe. \ عَلَى الرّاجح \ likely: (usu. with very, most, more or quite) probably: She’s very likely right. \ عَلَى الرُّغْم مِن \ despite: in spite of: Despite his age, the old man walks several miles every day. for all: in spite of: For all his strength, he could not lift it. much as: although: Much as I admire him, I could not work with him. spite, in spite of: (of sth. that fails) even with: In spite of his efforts, he could not save her life, without regard to; not caring about (a difficulty) In spite of his illness, he attended the ceremony. \ عَلَى الرُّغْم مِنْ أَنَّ \ although: in spite of the fact that; (without a verb) in spite of being: Although (he was) ill, he went to work. \ عَلَى الرُّغْم من ذلك \ even so: in spite of that: He may be foolish; even so, you should help him. just the same: (showing one thing that is not the natural result of another) in spite of this: He’s a thief, but I like him just the same. nevertheless: in spite of that: I told him it would be dangerous, but nevertheless he did it. still: in spite of that: We rarely win; but still, we enjoy playing. \ عَلَى سَبيل المِثال \ for instance: as an example: He’s often late. Yesterday, for instance, he came home after midnight. \ عَلَى السَّطح كلِّه \ over: (esp. with all) across a surface: The table was wet all over. He rubbed it over with a dry cloth. \ عَلَى سَوِيَّة \ level: equal in height or position: His eyes were level with my shoulder. I soon drew level with the leading runner. \ عَلَى سَوِيَّة \ flush: exactly on a level with; not sticking out from; meeting exactly at the edges: The door is flush with the wall when it is closed. \ See Also مستوى (مُسْتَوًى) \ عَلَى سَوِيَّة واحدة \ even: equal: The table legs were not of even length. He shared the money evenly among them. \ عَلَى شاكِلَة \ like: the same as: What is he like (in appearance and character)? He’s just like his father., What does it feel (or look or taste or smell or sound) like?. in the same way as:: He swims like a fish. \ عَلَى شَرْط \ provide (that), also providing (that): if; on condition that: I’ll go, provided (that) you’ll go too. \ عَلَى شَفَا \ on the brink of: close to (sth. dangerous or exciting): on the brink of war. on the point of doing sth.: starting to do sth.: I was on the point of telephoning you, when I got your letter. on one’s last legs: (of a person or thing) not expected to last much longer; worn out; almost in ruins: That company is on its last legs. on the verge of: close to: She was on the verge of tears. \ See Also شفير (الموت أو الإفلاس، إلخ)، عَلى وَشْك \ عَلَى صَهْوَةِ الجَوَاد \ on horseback: on a horse: He travelled on horseback. \ عَلَى ضِغْن \ grudgingly: unwillingly. \ See Also على غير رَغْبَة \ عَلَى طُولِ \ along: following the line of: He ran along the road. down: along (without regard to level): We raced down the street. My friend lives just down the road. \ عَلَى ظَهْر \ on deck: on an uncovered deck, in the open air. \ See Also سَطْح السفينة \ عَلَى ظَهْر الحِصان \ on horseback: on a horse: He travelled on horseback. \ عَلَى ظَهْر السَّفينة \ on board: on (or on to) a ship or aeroplane: There are 70 men on board. Can I go on board the aircraft?. \ عَلَى ظَهْر الصَّفْحَة \ overleaf: on the back of the page: Please fill in this paper, and sign your name overleaf. \ عَلَى عَرْض \ across: over; from one side to the other of: He ran across the street. There is a bridge across the stream. \ عَلَى العَكْس \ on the contrary: (expressing disagreement) the opposite is true: It’s not worn out - on the contrary, it’s quite new. \ عَلَى عِلْم بِـ \ familiar with: knowing; accustomed to: I’m not familiar with English law. \ عَلَى عُلُوّ \ high: (in compounds) to the height of: The grass was waist-high. \ عَلَى الغالِب \ probably: almost certainly; with little doubt: You’re probably right. \ عَلَى غَيْر انتظار \ surprisingly: unexpectedly: a surprisingly good result. \ عَلَى غَيْر رَغْبَة \ grudgingly: unwillingly. \ عَلَى غَيْر هُدًى \ adrift: (of boats) loose; floating about with no control: Our ship was wrecked and we were left adrift in a small boat on the ocean. \ عَلَى فَتَرات مُنْتَظِمة \ periodically: from time to time. \ عَلَى فَرض أنّ \ (conj.) supposing: if: Supposing he’s late, shall we wait for him? Even supposing the lorry comes, it will still be too late. \ عَلَى الفِطْرة \ na]ve: too simple to be sensible; lacking wisdom and experience: a na]ve question; a na]ve young girl. \ عَلَى فِكْرَة \ by the way: used to show that the speaker is about to change the subject: Thank you for your help. By the way, would you like to come to our party next week?. \ عَلَى الفَوْر \ directly: at once: He arrived directly after me. instantly: at once. off-hand: without thought or preparation: I can’t say off-hand what it cost, but it was over $1000. \ عَلَى قافية واحدة \ rhyme: (of word endings) to have the same sound: ‘Consideration’ rhymes with ‘nation’, ‘Port’ rhymes with ‘thought’. ‘Pleasure’ rhymes with ‘measure’ but not with ‘pressure’. \ عَلَى قَدْر \ according to: in the proper way for; depending on: Each man was paid according to his skill. \ عَلَى قَدَم وَسَاق \ in full swing: (of an activity) at its highest point; very busy: The party was in full swing when I arrived. \ عَلَى قَيْد الحَيَاة \ alive: living: He was buried alive when part of a cliff fell on him. \ عَلَى كُلّ حال \ at any rate: at least; in any case: He wasn’t there; at any rate, I don’t think he was. I may not succeed; but I’ll try, at any rate. \ عَلَى مَا يَبْدُو \ apparently: it seems (from what people say): I thought she was 15, but apparently is older. \ عَلَى ما يَصِل إليه عِلْمي \ to the best of my knowledge: as far as I know: To the best of my knowledge, my son has never met her. \ See Also على مَبْلَغ علمي \ عَلَى المَدَى الطَّويل \ in the long run: after a period of time; in the end: It’ll be cheaper in the long run to buy good quality shoes. \ عَلَى مسؤوليَّته الشخصيّة \ at one’s own risk: agreeing that any troube will be one’s own fault: The bridge is unsafe but you can cross it at your own risk. \ عَلَى مسافة قريبة مِن \ off: a short distance from: an island off the English coast. \ عَلَى مُسْتَوًى \ level: equal in height or position: His eyes were level with my shoulder. \ عَلَى مِصْرَاعَيْه (فَتَحَ الباب) \ wide: (with open) fully: open the door wide. Leave it wide open. \ عَلَى نَحْو مماثِل \ similarly: in the same way: They were similarly dressed. \ عَلَى نَسَق \ on the lines of: in the general form of: We’re planning some sports on the lines of the Olympic Games, but for schoolboys only. \ عَلَى نَفْس الوَتيرة \ even: (of movement) regular; steady: Her heart was not beating evenly. \ عَلَى نَوبات \ fits and starts: in short bursts; starting and stopping: The engine only goes in fits and starts. \ See Also فترات \ عَلَى هذا المُعَدَّل \ at that rate: if those conditions continue: He keeps stopping for a rest; at that rate, he won’t finish the job today. \ عَلَى هذا النَّحْو \ so: in this way; in that way: Don’t shout so!. thus: in this way. \ عَلَى الهَوَاء \ on the air: being sent out on the radio or television. \ عَلَى وَتِيرَة واحدة \ monotonous: (of a voice, a job, a way of life, etc.) dull, never changing and therefore uninteresting. \ عَلَى وَجْهٍ \ unusually: (with an adj.) very; strangely: It is unusually cold in here today. \ See Also بشكل غير عاديّ \ عَلَى وَجْهِ التَّقْريب \ roughly: (with numbers and amounts) not exactly; about: roughly 50 trees; roughly a mile away. \ عَلَى وَجْهِ الخُصُوص \ particularly: especially: a particularly nasty smell. \ عَلَى الوَجهِ الصحيح \ duly: properly; as expected: The bill was duly paid. The train duly arrived. \ عَلَى وَجْهِ العُمُوم \ in general: in most cases: Men in general are taller than women. \ عَلَى وَجْهٍ ما \ somehow: in some way or other, by some means or other: I’ll pay for it somehow, even if I have to ask someone to lend me the money. \ عَلَى وَجْهٍ مُسْتَهْجَن \ oddly: strangely: She behaved very oddly last night. \ عَلَى مِقْدار عِلْمي \ for all I know: as far as I know: For all I know, you may have stolen this. \ عَلَى مَقْرُبةٍ \ near: close to, in position: His house is near my own. \ عَلَى مَقرُبة مِن \ about: around; near There’s a lot of illness about. I went out early, when no one was about (when no one else was out). \ عَلَى مَهْل \ leisurely: without haste: He likes a leisurely walk in the evening. \ عَلَى نَحْو أسوأ \ worse: more bad; more badly: Murder is worse than stealing. It is a worse crime. You write even worse than I do. \ عَلَى نَحْوٍ أَفْضَل \ better, well, best: in a better way: He drives better than I do. \ عَلَى نَحْو تامّ \ strictly: exactly: Strictly speaking (If I tell you the exact truth) this ticket is out of date; but I’ll let you travel with it. \ See Also كامل (كامِل) \ عَلَى نَحْو خَطير \ badly: seriously: He was badly wounded. \ عَلَى نَحْو رَخْو \ loosely: in a loose way: a loosely tied knot. \ See Also غير مُحْكَم \ عَلَى نَحْو رَدِيء \ badly: in a bad manner: badly dressed; badly made. \ عَلَى نَحْو صارم \ strictly: very firmly: Smoking in this cinema is strictly forbidden. \ See Also دَقيق \ عَلَى نَحْو صَحيح \ right: correctly: You guessed right. \ عَلَى نَحْو صَحيح \ rightly: justly; correctly: You acted rightly. \ See Also ملائم (مُلائم) \ عَلَى نَحْوٍ كَامِل \ absolutely: without conditions: You must agree absolutely and not to try to change matters later. \ عَلَى نَحو مألوف \ ordinarily: usually. \ عَلَى نَحْو مُرْضٍ \ well: (the adv. form of the adj. good; see better, best) in a good and pleasing way: Well done! You played very well. \ عَلَى نَحْو مُلحّ \ badly: (with need, want) very much: They need money badly. \ عَلَى وَشْك \ on the point of doing sth.: starting to do sth.: I was on the point of telephoning you, when I got your letter. \ عَلَى وَشْك أَنْ \ be about to do sth.: to be ready to do it; be just going to do it: I was about to go when he arrived. on the verge of: close to: She was on the verge of tears. \ عَلَى يَد (مِن قِبَل) \ by: (showing who or what did sth.): He was bitten by a dog. \ عَلَى اليدين والرِّجلين \ on all fours: on hands and knees: She went down on all fours to look for the needle. -
95 enter
1. [ʹentə] n1. театр. выход ( на сцену)2. редк. вход2. [ʹentə] v1. входитьto enter a room [a city] - войти в комнату [вступить в город]
to enter a house at the front [back] door - войти в дом с парадного подъезда [с чёрного хода]
we were surprised to see a stranger enter - мы удивились, увидев вошедшего незнакомца
the idea never entered my head - эта мысль никогда не приходила мне в голову
2. ( часто into) вступать, входитьto enter a battle [a war, a new era] - вступить в бой [в войну, в новую эру]
to enter the curve - спорт. входить в поворот
to enter into high society - попасть /проникнуть/ в высшее общество
to enter into negotiations [into a debate] - вступать в переговоры [в спор]
to enter into correspondence [conversation] - вступить в переписку [разговор]
to enter into partnership [alliance] with... - стать, чьим-л. партнёром [союзником]
3. 1) вонзать, втыкать2) вонзаться, проникатьthe bullet entered the heart - пуля попала /проникла/ в сердце
4. 1) поступать, вступать; становиться членомto enter the army [a school, the legal profession, parliament] - вступать в армию [поступать в школу, стать юристом, членом парламента]
2) быть частью, входить в составwater enters into the composition of all organisms - вода входит в состав всех организмов
to enter a name in the list - зарегистрировать кого-л.; внести чью-л. фамилию в список
to enter a sum against smb.'s account - внести деньги на чей-л. счёт
2) записывать (куда-л.)to enter a boy in a college - записать мальчика в школу /в лицей и т. п./
to enter smb. at a school - подать заявление о приёме кого-л. в школу
to enter a horse for a race - записать /зарегистрировать/ лошадь для участия в скачках
6. принимать участие, участвоватьto enter a race - выступать /участвовать/ в гонках
to enter the competition /the event/ - выступать в соревновании, участвовать в состязании
7. (on, upon) начинать, приступатьto enter on a project - приступить к выполнению проекта, взяться за осуществление проекта
he entered upon his duties at the Ministry - он приступил к исполнению своих обязанностей в министерстве
he entered upon the task with insufficient preparation - он взялся за выполнение задания без достаточной подготовки
8. (into)1) разделять (чувства и т. п.), сочувствоватьto enter into smb.'s ideas [feelings] - разделять чьи-л. мысли [чувства]
2) вникать; вдаватьсяto enter into internal motives - вдумываться во внутренние мотивы, анализировать внутренние побуждения
to enter into details - вникать /вдаваться/ в подробности
the illustrator must enter into the spirit of the text - художник-иллюстратор должен проникнуться духом иллюстрируемого текста
9. ком. поступать (куда-л.)10. юр.1) начинать процесс; вступать в процесс путём подачи письменного заявленияto enter an action against smb. - возбуждать дело против кого-л.
to enter a caveat - подавать заявление или ходатайство; сделать письменное предупреждение
11. амер. юр.1) регистрировать заявку ( на земельный участок)2) регистрировать авторское право, патентentered according to act of Congress - зарегистрировано в соответствии с актом конгресса
12. эк. подавать таможенную декларациюto enter a ship at the custom-house - подавать в таможню судовую декларацию
13. охот. дрессировать ( собаку) -
96 enter
1. [ʹentə] n1. театр. выход ( на сцену)2. редк. вход2. [ʹentə] v1. входитьto enter a room [a city] - войти в комнату [вступить в город]
to enter a house at the front [back] door - войти в дом с парадного подъезда [с чёрного хода]
we were surprised to see a stranger enter - мы удивились, увидев вошедшего незнакомца
the idea never entered my head - эта мысль никогда не приходила мне в голову
2. ( часто into) вступать, входитьto enter a battle [a war, a new era] - вступить в бой [в войну, в новую эру]
to enter the curve - спорт. входить в поворот
to enter into high society - попасть /проникнуть/ в высшее общество
to enter into negotiations [into a debate] - вступать в переговоры [в спор]
to enter into correspondence [conversation] - вступить в переписку [разговор]
to enter into partnership [alliance] with... - стать, чьим-л. партнёром [союзником]
3. 1) вонзать, втыкать2) вонзаться, проникатьthe bullet entered the heart - пуля попала /проникла/ в сердце
4. 1) поступать, вступать; становиться членомto enter the army [a school, the legal profession, parliament] - вступать в армию [поступать в школу, стать юристом, членом парламента]
2) быть частью, входить в составwater enters into the composition of all organisms - вода входит в состав всех организмов
to enter a name in the list - зарегистрировать кого-л.; внести чью-л. фамилию в список
to enter a sum against smb.'s account - внести деньги на чей-л. счёт
2) записывать (куда-л.)to enter a boy in a college - записать мальчика в школу /в лицей и т. п./
to enter smb. at a school - подать заявление о приёме кого-л. в школу
to enter a horse for a race - записать /зарегистрировать/ лошадь для участия в скачках
6. принимать участие, участвоватьto enter a race - выступать /участвовать/ в гонках
to enter the competition /the event/ - выступать в соревновании, участвовать в состязании
7. (on, upon) начинать, приступатьto enter on a project - приступить к выполнению проекта, взяться за осуществление проекта
he entered upon his duties at the Ministry - он приступил к исполнению своих обязанностей в министерстве
he entered upon the task with insufficient preparation - он взялся за выполнение задания без достаточной подготовки
8. (into)1) разделять (чувства и т. п.), сочувствоватьto enter into smb.'s ideas [feelings] - разделять чьи-л. мысли [чувства]
2) вникать; вдаватьсяto enter into internal motives - вдумываться во внутренние мотивы, анализировать внутренние побуждения
to enter into details - вникать /вдаваться/ в подробности
the illustrator must enter into the spirit of the text - художник-иллюстратор должен проникнуться духом иллюстрируемого текста
9. ком. поступать (куда-л.)10. юр.1) начинать процесс; вступать в процесс путём подачи письменного заявленияto enter an action against smb. - возбуждать дело против кого-л.
to enter a caveat - подавать заявление или ходатайство; сделать письменное предупреждение
11. амер. юр.1) регистрировать заявку ( на земельный участок)2) регистрировать авторское право, патентentered according to act of Congress - зарегистрировано в соответствии с актом конгресса
12. эк. подавать таможенную декларациюto enter a ship at the custom-house - подавать в таможню судовую декларацию
13. охот. дрессировать ( собаку) -
97 trace
I1. [treıs] n1. обыкн. pl след, отпечаток (ноги, лапы и т. п.)traces of human feet [of a vehicle] - следы человеческих ног [машины]
traces of rabbits [squirrels] on /in/ the snow - следы кроликов [белок] на снегу
to follow smb.'s traces - идти по чьим-л. следам
to double on one's trace - а) делать петли ( о преследуемом звере); б) запутывать следы
hot on the traces of smb. - по чьим-л. горячим следам
2. обыкн. pl следы, остатки (чего-л.); признакиtraces of an ancient city [of an earlier civilization] - следы /остатки/ древнего города [ранней цивилизации]
with no traces of life - без признаков жизни; не подавая признаков жизни
to remove traces of smth. - уничтожать следы чего-л.
no traces remained of the old castle - ничего не осталось от старого замка
they could find no trace of him - они не знали, где его искать; ≅ его и след простыл
she has still some traces of beauty - она /её лицо/ ещё хранит следы былой красоты
the room bore numerous traces of his presence - в комнате оставались многочисленные следы его пребывания
3. 1) знак, результат; последствияsorrow and disappointment had left their traces upon his character - горе и разочарование наложили отпечаток на его характер
there were traces of deep emotion on her face - печать глубоких переживаний лежала на её лице
2) психол. энграмма, отпечаток в сознании4. 1) чуточка, капелька, небольшое количествоa trace more salt - ещё немного /чуть-чуть/ соли
2) примесь; привкус, призвук и т. п.a mere trace of a smile - слабая улыбка, намёк на улыбку
to betray [to show] traces of anger [of emotion] - проявлять признаки гнева [волнения]
there is just a trace of onion in the salad - в салате очень немного лука; в салате едва чувствуется /ощущается/ лук
there is no trace of scent on the handkerchief - носовой платок без малейшего запаха (духов)
there was not a trace of colour in her cheeks - у неё в лице не было ни кровинки
3) pl хим. следы в анализе, очень малые количества вещества5. 1) амер. исхоженная тропаsheep trace on /along/ the hill - овечья тропа на склоне горы
2) уст. стезя6. 1) (контрастная) полоса на спине (животного и т. п.)2) черта, линия3) запись (какого-л. записывающего аппарата)7. чертёж на кальке8. спорт. лыжня9. спец. траектория, трасса10. тлв. ход развёртки11. воен. трассировка12. амер. воен. равнение в затылок2. [treıs] aостаточныйtrace gases - остаточные газы, следы газов
3. [treıs] v1. (тж. trace out)1) набрасывать ( план); чертить (диаграмму, карту и т. п.)trace the route on the map in pencil - начертите карандашом на карте маршрут
2) показывать (о карте и т. п.)the map traces the routes of airships - на карте показаны маршруты воздушных кораблей
3) намечать себе план действий, линию поведения и т. п.he never followed the policy he traced (out) for himself - он никогда не придерживался намеченной им политики
2. (тж. trace over)1) копировать; снимать копию2) калькировать3. тщательно выписывать, выводить (слова, буквы)4. спец. намечать, трассировать; провешивать линию5. следовать, идти (по следам и т. п.)they traced a person's footsteps in the snow - они шли по следам человека на снегу
6. 1) следить; выслеживатьto trace a person [an animal] - следить за человеком [за животным]
to trace smb. as far as Paris /to Paris/ - проследить кого-л. до Парижа
2) проходить вдоль чего-л. с целью выяснить (направление и т. п.)3) выследить; найти следы, признакиto trace long-lost relations - разыскать родственников, с которыми давно потеряна связь
7. (тж. trace back)1) проследить; установитьto trace a family back three hundred years - проследить историю семьи на протяжении трёх веков
to trace the history of English science through most of the XVIIth century - проследить историю развития английской науки на протяжении почти всего семнадцатого века
the crime has been traced back to him - установлено, что преступление было совершено им
this custom has been traced back to the twelfth century - этот обычай восходит к двенадцатому веку
2) прослеживаться; восходитьa family that traces back to the Norman conquest - семья, ведущая свою историю /родословную/ от норманнского завоевания
8. усматривать, находить, обнаруживать, видетьto trace no spark of jealousy in smb. - не видеть /не замечать/ в чьём-л. поведении никаких признаков ревности
to trace no reference to it - не обнаружить /не найти/ никаких упоминаний об этом
I cannot trace any connection to the event - я не могу найти /усмотреть/ никакой связи с этим событием
9. восстанавливать расположение или размеры (древних сооружений, памятников и т. п. по сохранившимся развалинам)the form of the ancient manor house may still be traced - всё ещё можно восстановить внешний вид старинного помещичьего дома
10. 1) рассмотреть с трудом, различитьI could scarcely trace her features in the gloom - в темноте я едва мог различить её лицо
2) разобрать11. обыкн. p. p. украшать узорами12. фиксировать, записывать, вычерчивать (о кардиографе и т. п.)13. физ. описывать, прочерчивать ( траекторию)II [treıs] n1. постромкаin the traces - в упряжке [см. тж. ♢ ]
2. стр. подкос3. удочка♢
in the traces - за повседневной работой [см. тж. 1]to force smb. into the traces - запрячь кого-л. в работу
to work in then traces - амер. а) работать по шаблону; идти проторённым путём; б) работать систематически /регулярно/
to kick over the traces - а) запутаться в постромках ( о лошади); б) упираться, сопротивляться, вставать на дыбы ( о человеке); в) пускаться во все тяжкие; злоупотреблять своей свободой
-
98 vorangehen
v/i (unreg., trennb., ist -ge-) räumlich: lead the way, walk at the head (+ Dat of); zeitlich: precede ( einer Sache s.th.); gut vorangehen Arbeit: go ahead well; es geht schlecht oder nicht recht voran it’s not going very well* * *to predate; to precede; to go ahead; to lead the way; to forego* * *vo|rạn|ge|henvi sep irreg aux sein1) (= an der Spitze gehen) to go first or in front; (= anführen) to lead the way; (fig Einleitung etc) to precede (+dat sth)2) (= zeitlich vor jdm gehen) to go on aheadsie war ihm vorangegangen (euph: = gestorben) — she had passed on before him
See:→ Beispiel3)vorangehen — to precede sth4) auch vi impers (= Fortschritte machen) to come on (Brit) or along, to make progress or headwayes will mit der Arbeit nicht so richtig vorangehen — the work's not coming on (Brit) or along very well
* * *1) (to go first; to show the way: Lead on!) lead on2) (to go first (especially to show the way): She led the way upstairs.) lead the way* * *vo·ran|ge·henvi irreg Hilfsverb: sein▪ [jdm] \vorangehen to go ahead [or in front] [of sb]geht ihr mal voran, ihr kennt den Weg you go ahead, you know the way▪ jdn \vorangehen lassen to let sb go ahead [or lead the waydie Arbeiten gehen zügig voran rapid progress is being made with the workdie Vorbereitungen gehen gut voran preparations are progressing [or coming along] nicelymit den Vorbereitungen für die Veranstaltung ist es bisher zügig vorangegangen rapid progress has been made so far with the preparations for the event3. (einer Sache vorausgehen) to precede sthin den vorangegangenen Wochen in the previous weeksdem Projekt gingen lange Planungsphasen voran the project was preceded by long phases of planning* * *unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb; mit sein1) go first or ahead[jemandem] mit gutem Beispiel vorangehen — (fig.) set [somebody] a good example
2) (Fortschritte machen) make progressrasch/nur schleppend vorangehen — make rapid/only slow progress
es geht mit der Arbeit nicht [so recht] voran — the work is not making [much] progress
3) s. vorausgehen 2)* * *vorangehen v/i (irr, trennb, ist -ge-) räumlich: lead the way, walk at the head (+dat of); zeitlich: precede (einer Sache sth);gut vorangehen Arbeit: go ahead well;nicht recht voran it’s not going very well* * *unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb; mit sein1) go first or ahead[jemandem] mit gutem Beispiel vorangehen — (fig.) set [somebody] a good example
2) (Fortschritte machen) make progressrasch/nur schleppend vorangehen — make rapid/only slow progress
es geht mit der Arbeit nicht [so recht] voran — the work is not making [much] progress
3) s. vorausgehen 2)* * *adj.preceding adj. v.to lead v.(§ p.,p.p.: led)to precede v. -
99 loin
loin [lwɛ̃]adverba. (en distance) far• est-ce loin ? is it far?b. (dans le temps) le temps est loin où cette banlieue était un village it's a long time since this suburb was a villagec. (locutions)• il est doué, il ira loin he's very gifted, he'll go far• tu vas trop loin ! you're going too far!• on ne va pas loin avec 100 € 100 euros doesn't go very far► de loin (dans l'espace) from a distance• c'est celui que je préfère, et de loin it's by far the one I prefer► loin de (en distance) far from ; (dans le temps) a long way off from• il leur doit pas loin de 1 000 € he owes them not far off 1,000 euros• il n'y a pas loin de cinq ans qu'ils sont partis it's not far off five years since they left(PROV) loin des yeux, loin du cœur(PROV) out of sight, out of mind* * *lwɛ̃
1.
1) ( dans l'espace) a long way, far (away)il habite plus loin — he lives further ou farther away
aussi or du plus loin que l'on regarde — however far you look
voir plus loin — ( dans un texte) see below
plus loin dans le roman — at a later point in the novel; monture
2) ( dans le temps)aussi loin que je me souvienne — as far back ou as long as I can remember
les vacances sont déjà loin — it's a long time since the holidays GB ou the vacation US now
le temps n'est pas si loin où... — it's not so long since...
3) figil y a loin d'une idée à sa réalisation — there's a wide gap between an idea and its fulfilment [BrE]
de là à dire qu'il est incompétent, il n'y a pas loin — that comes close to saying he's incompetent
tu sembles si loin — ( distant) you seem so distant; ( absorbé) you seem miles away
il n'est pas bête, loin s'en faut! — he's not stupid, far from it!
ce film ne va très pas loin — this film GB ou movie US is a bit shallow
votre fille est brillante, elle ira loin — your daughter is brilliant, she'll go far
2.
loin de locution prépositive1) ( dans l'espace) far fromest-ce encore loin d'ici? — is it much further ou farther from here?
2) ( dans le temps) far fromon est encore loin d'avoir fini — we're still far from finished, we're still a long way off finishing
3) fig far from, a long way fromavec l'imprimante, il faut compter pas loin de 900 euros — if you include the printer, you're talking about 900 euros or thereabouts
3.
de loin locution adverbiale1) ( d'un endroit éloigné) from a distance, from afar littér2) fig from a distance
4.
au loin locution adverbiale
5.
de loin en loin locution adverbiale1) ( séparé dans l'espace)2) ( de temps en temps) every now and then••loin des yeux, loin du cœur — Proverbe out of sight, out of mind Proverbe
* * *lwɛ̃1. adv1) (dans l'espace) farLa gare n'est pas très loin d'ici. — The station isn't very far from here.
loin de — a long way from, far from
C'est loin d'ici. — It's a long way from here.
C'est plus loin que la gare. — It's further than the station.
2) (dans le temps) (futur) a long way off, (passé) a long time agoNoël n'est plus tellement loin. — Christmas isn't far off now.
de loin [apercevoir] — from a distance, from a long way away
On voit l'église de loin. — You can see the church from a long way away.
Il vient de loin, il doit être fatigué. — He's come a long way, he must be tired out.
Il vient de loin, ça doit le dépayser. — He comes from a long way away, this must be quite a change of scene., fig (= de beaucoup) by far
C'est de loin l'élève la plus brillante. — She is by far the brightest pupil.
de loin en loin — here and there, (= de temps en temps) now and then, every now and then
pas loin de... (presque) — not far off...
Ça fait pas loin de 1 000 euros. — It's not far off 1000 euros.
2. nmOn aperçoit la mer au loin. — You can see the sea in the distance.
* * *A adv1 ( dans l'espace) a long way, far littér; c'est loin it's a long way; c'est très loin it's a very long way; c'est assez loin it's quite a long way; c'est trop loin it's too far; ils doivent être déjà loin maintenant they must be a long way ou far away by now; elle ne peut pas être bien loin she can't be too far away ou off; est-ce loin? is it far (away)?; ce n'est pas très loin it's not very far (away); il habite plus loin he lives further ou farther away; ils sont loin derrière they're far behind ou a long way behind; aussi or si or du plus loin que l'on regarde, on ne voit que des champs de lavande however far you look, you can see nothing but lavender fields; les vignes s'étendaient aussi loin que l'on pouvait voir the vineyards stretched as far as you ou the eye could see; du plus loin qu'il m'aperçut, il se mit à agiter les bras as soon as he saw me, he began to wave; voir plus loin ( dans un texte) see below; ⇒ lèvre, monture, nez;2 ( dans le temps) tout cela est bien loin that was all a long time ago; comme c'est loin! what a long time ago that was!; aussi or du plus loin que l'on recherche, on n'arrive pas à trouver d'où vient l'erreur however far back we go, we can't find where the mistake originated; aussi loin que je me souvienne as far back ou as long as I can remember; d'aussi or du plus loin que me me souvienne for as long as I can remember; les vacances sont déjà loin the vacation is long past now, it's a long time since the vacation now ; un événement qui remonte loin dans le passé an event which dates back a long way; cela remonte à loin it's a long time ago; c'est encore loin (dans l'avenir) it's still a long way off (in the future); l'été n'est plus très loin maintenant summer isn't far off now; le temps n'est pas si loin où… it's not so long since…; il est bien loin le temps où… it's a long time since…; plus loin dans le roman/film at a later point in the novel/film;3 fig il y a loin d'une idée à sa réalisation there's a wide gap between an idea and its fulfilmentGB; de là à dire qu'il est incompétent, il y a loin there's a big difference between that and saying he's incompetent; de là à dire qu'il est incompétent, il n'y a pas loin that comes close to saying he's incompetent; tu sembles si loin ( distant) you seem so distant; ( absorbé) you seem miles away; il n'est pas bête, loin s'en faut! he's not stupid, far from it!; cela peut aller très loin it can go very far; ça va beaucoup plus loin it goes much further; il est allé trop loin he went too far; ce livre/film ne va pas loin this book/film GB ou movie US is a bit shallow; la décentralisation n'est pas allée très loin decentralization didn't get very far; votre fille est brillante, elle ira loin your daughter is brilliant, she'll go far; avec 500 euros par mois, on ne va pas aller loin we won't get very far on 500 euros a month; ils veulent aller plus loin dans leur coopération they want to extend their cooperation; il ne peut pas aller plus loin dans son soutien he can't increase his support.B loin de loc prép1 ( dans l'espace) far from; est-ce encore loin d'ici? is it much further ou farther from here?; non loin de not far from;2 ( dans le temps) far from; cette époque n'est pas si loin de nous we're not so far from that time; on est encore loin d'avoir fini we're still far from finished, we're still a long way off finishing; nous sommes encore loin de la fin des examens the end of the exams is still a long way off; il n'est pas loin de 11 heures it's not far off 11 o'clock; cela ne fait pas loin de quatre ans que je suis ici I've been here for almost four years now;3 fig far from, a long way from; je me sens loin de tout cela I feel detached from all that; c'est très loin de ce que j'attendais it's not anywhere near what I expected; elle n'est pas arrogante, loin de là! she's not arrogant, far from it!; loin de moi l'idée de vous offenser far be it from me to offend you; loin de moi cette idée! nothing could be further from my mind!; bien loin de ces discours de paix far removed from these peace talks; avec l'imprimante, ça fait pas loin de 2 500 euros if you include the printer, you're talking about 2,500 euros or thereabouts.C de loin loc adv1 ( d'un endroit éloigné) from a distance, from afar littér; je l'ai vu arriver de loin I saw him coming from a distance; je ne vois pas très bien de loin I can't see very well at a distance;2 fig from a distance; vu de loin, cela n'a pas l'air très dangereux seen from a distance, it doesn't seem very dangerous; il voit les choses de loin he sees things from a distance; c'est de loin ton meilleur roman it's by far your best novel; il est de loin le premier acheteur de films français he's far and away ou by far the main buyer of French films; leur férocité a dépassé de loin celle de… their ferocity far surpassed that of…E de loin en loin loc adv1 ( séparé dans l'espace) on pouvait voir des maisons de loin en loin you could see houses scattered here and there; les arbres étaient plantés de loin en loin the trees were planted at wide intervals;2 ( de temps en temps) every now and again, every now and then.[lwɛ̃] adverbe1. [dans l'espace] far (away)moins loin (que) not as ou so far (as)plus loin (que) further ou farther (than)2. [dans le temps] far (away)a. [dans le passé] that was a long time ago!, that seems a long way off now!b. [dans le futur] that's a long way off!de là à lui faire confiance, il y a loin there is a big difference between that and trusting himd'ici à l'accuser de mensonge, il n'y a pas loin from here it's a short step to accusing him of lyingaller un peu ou trop loin to go (a bit) too farj'irai plus loin et je dirai que... I'd go even further and say that...la possession de stupéfiants, ça peut mener loin possession of drugs can lead to serious troubleavec 100 euros, on ne va pas loin you can't get very far on 100 euros4. (Suisse) [absent]————————au loin locution adverbialeon voyait, au loin, une rangée de peupliers a row of poplars could be seen in the far distance ou far off in the distance————————d'aussi loin que locution conjonctiveil lui fit signe d'aussi loin qu'il la vit he signalled to her as soon as he saw her in the distance————————de loin locution adverbialeils sont venus d'assez loin à pied they came a fair distance ou quite a long way on foot2. [assez peu]c'est de loin le meilleur cognac it's far and away ou it's by far the best brandyje le préfère à ses collègues, et de loin I much prefer him to his colleaguesde loin en loin locution adverbialedu plus loin que locution conjonctiveil lui fit signe du plus loin qu'il l'aperçut he signalled to her as soon as he saw her in the distance————————loin de locution prépositionnelle1. [dans l'espace] a long way ou far (away) fromje ne suis pas loin de leur dire le fond de ma pensée it wouldn't take me much to tell them what I think, I have a good mind to tell them what I really thinkj'étais loin de me douter que... I never imagined...a. [endroit] far from there3. [dans le temps] a long way (away)la Première Guerre mondiale est bien loin de nous maintenant the First World War is a long way away from us now4. [au lieu de]————————loin que locution conjonctive————————pas loin de locution adverbiale -
100 trace
I [treis] n1) pl слід, відбиток (ноги, лапи)traces of human feet [of a vehicle] — сліди людських ніг [машини]
traces of rabbits [squirrels]on /in/ the snow — сліди кроликів [білок]на снігу
to follow smb 's traces — йти по чиїхсь слідах
to double on one's trace — робити петли (про переслідуваного звір; заплутувати сліди)
2) pl сліди, залишки (чого-н.); ознакиtraces of an ancient city [of an earlier civilization] — сліди /залишки/ стародавнього міста [ранній цивілізації]
with no traces of life — без ознак життя; не подаючи ознак життя
to remove traces of smth — знищувати сліди чого-н.
they could find no trace of him — вони не знали, де його шукати
she has still some traces of beauty — вона /її обличчя/ ще зберігає сліди минулої краси
the room bore numerous trace я of his presence — в кімнаті залишалися численні сліди його перебування
3) знак, результат; наслідкиsorrow and disappointment had left their traces upon his character — горе, розчарування наклали відбиток на його характер
there were traces of deep emotion on her face — відбиток глибоких переживань лежав на її обличчі; пcиx. енграма, відбиток в свідомості
4) чуточка, крапелька, невелика кількістьa trace more salt — ще трохи /трішки/ солі; домішка; присмак, призвук
a mere trace of a smile — слабка усмішка, натяк на усмішку
to betray [to show] traces of anger [of emotion] — проявляти ознаки гніву [хвилювання]
there was not a trace of colour in her cheeks — у неї на обличчі не було ні кровинки; pl; xiм. сліди в аналізі, дуже мала кількость речовини
5) aмep. стоптана стежкаsheep trace on /along/ the hill — овеча стежка на схилі гори; icт. дорога
6) ( контрастн смуга на спині (тварини)); межа, лінія; запис (якого-н. записуючого апарату); точка перетину ( лінії з площиною) або лінія перетину ( однієї площини з іншою)8) cпopт. лижня9) cпeц. траєкторія, траса10) тлв. хід розгортки11) війск. трасування12) aмep. війск. рівняння в потилицюII [treis] aIII [treis] vtrace gases — залишкові гази, сліди газів
trace the route on the map in pencil — накреслити олівцем на карті маршрут; показувати ( про карту)
the map traces the routes of airships — на карті показані маршрути повітряних кораблів; намічати собі план дії, лінію поведінки
he never followed the policy he traced (out) for himself — він ніколи не дотримувався наміченої ним політики
2) ( trace over); копіювати; знімати копію; калькувати3) ретельно виписувати, виводити (слова, букви)4) cпeц. намічати, трасувати; провішувати лінію5) слідувати, йти ( по слідах)6) стежити; висліджуватиto trace a person [an animal] — стежити за людиною [за твариною]
to trace smb as far as Paris /to Paris/ — прослідкувати кого-н. до Парижа; проходити взодовж чого-л з метою з'ясувати ( напрям)
to trace the river to its source — пройти ( вгору) no річці до її витоку; вислідити; знайти сліди, ознаки
to trace long-lost relations — розшукати родичів, з якими давно втрачений зв'язок
7) ( trace back) прослідкувати; встановитиto trace the history of English science through most of the XVIIth century — прослідкувати історію розвитку англійської науки впродовж майже всього сімнадцятого століття
the crime has been traced back to him — встановлене, що злочин був здійснений ним
this custom has been traced back to the twelfth century — цей звичай відноситься до дванадцятого століття; простежуватися; сходити
a family that traces back to the Norman conquest — сім'я, ведуча свою історію /родовід/ від норманнського завоювання
8) вбачати, знаходити, виявляти, бачитиto trace no spark of jealousy in smb — не бачити /не замечать/ в чиїсь поведінці ніяких ознак ревнощів
to trace no reference to it — не виявити /не найти/ ніяких згадок про це
I cannot trace any connection to the event — я не можу знайти /угледіти/ ніякому зв'язку з цією подією
9) відновлювати розташування або розміри (стародавніх споруд, пам'ятників згідно з розвалинами, що збереглися)the form of the ancient manor house may still be traced — все ще можна відновити зовнішній вигляд старовинного поміщицького будинку
10) розглянути насилу, розрізнитиI could scarcely trace her features in the gloom — в темноті я ледве міг розрізнити її обличчя; розібрати
11) p. p. прикрашати узорамиthe stained and traced windows — вікна з кольоровим склом, узорами
12) фіксувати, записувати, викреслювати ( про кардіограф)13) фiз. описувати, прокреслювати ( траєкторію)IV [treis] n1) постромкаin the traces — у упряжці [див.; тж. є]
2) стр. підкошування3) вудка••in the traces — за повсякденною роботою [див.; тж. 1]
to force smb into the traces — запрягти кого-н. до роботи
to work in the traces — aмep. працювати за шаблоном; працювати систематично /регулярно/; to kick over the traces заплутатися в постромках ( про коня); упиратися, чинити опір, вставати на диби ( про людину); пускатися у всіх тяжких; зловживати своєю свободою
См. также в других словарях:
The Event — Titre original THE EVƎNT Autres titres francophones … Wikipédia en Français
The Chaser's War on Everything — season two intertitle Genre Comedy, Satire Created by The Chaser … Wikipedia
The Event — Seriendaten Originaltitel The Event … Deutsch Wikipedia
The Event — This article is about the television series. For the film, see The Event (film). The Event Genre … Wikipedia
The World at War — For other uses, see World at War (disambiguation). The World at War Format Documentary Created by Jeremy Isaacs … Wikipedia
The Fog of War — Infobox Film name = The Fog of War: Eleven Lessons from the Life of Robert S. McNamara caption = Theatrical release poster imdb id = 0317910 writer = starring = Robert McNamara director = Errol Morris producer = Errol Morris Michael Williams… … Wikipedia
The Winds of War — infobox Book | name = The Winds of War title orig = translator = image caption = First edition cover author = Herman Wouk illustrator = cover artist = country = United States language = English series = Winds of War series genre = War novel… … Wikipedia
Naming the American Civil War — The American Civil War has been known by a number of different names since it began in 1861. These names reflect the historical, political, and cultural sensitivities of different groups and regions.[1] The most common name, particularly in… … Wikipedia
in the event of something — in the event of (something) if something should happen. In the event of war, we have to be prepared to send in troops. Travel insurance protects you in the event that you have to cancel your trip. Usage notes: sometimes used in the form in the… … New idioms dictionary
in the event of — (something) if something should happen. In the event of war, we have to be prepared to send in troops. Travel insurance protects you in the event that you have to cancel your trip. Usage notes: sometimes used in the form in the unlikely event if… … New idioms dictionary
Causes of the Franco-Prussian War — The causes of the Franco Prussian War are deeply rooted in the events surrounding balance of power after the Napoleonic Wars. France and Prussia had been combatants against each other, with France on the losing side and Napoleon I exiled to Elba … Wikipedia