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21 MÁL
* * *I)n.1) speech, faculty of speech (þrøngdi svá sóttarfari konungs, at hann misti málsins);þau hafa ekki mál, they are dumb;2) language, tongue;norrønt mál, the Norse tongue;3) speech, speaking (hvárt er Flosi svá nær, at hann megi heyra mál mitt);4) colloquy, talk, speech;koma á mál (or at máli) við e-n, to come to talk with, speak to;finna (hitta) e-n at máli, to obtain speech with;krefja e-n máls, to ask an interview with;leita mills við e-n (spyrja e-n máls, mæla mál of e-m), to broach a subject to one;bera mál á e-t, hafa e-t á (or at) máli, to speak (talk) of (allir menn höfðu á máli, hversu fríðr maðr hann var);lúka sínu máli, to end one’s speech;þat er mál manna, at, people say that;5) tale, story;nú er þar til máls at taka, now it must be told;6) saw, saying;fornt (fornkveðit) mál er, at, it is an old saw that;7) diction, construction of sentences;8) sentence;tvau mál, two sentences;fullt mál, a full period;9) suit, action, cause;hefja mál á hendr e-m, to bring an action against one;búa mál, to prepare a suit;sœkja mál, to prosecute;10) stipulation, agreement (ek vil halda mil við hann þan, sem mælt vóru);lauss allra mála, free of all stipulations;11) case, matter, affair (þetta mál var við Jórunni rœtt);svá er mál með vexti, the matter stands thus;var þat annat mál, another matter;miðla mál, to mediate;tillagagóðr inna stœrri mála, a good counsellor in great matters;hafa sitt mál, to have one’s own way, have one’s will (honum eirir illa, of hann hefir eigi sitt mál);hafa mikit til síns máls, to have much in support of one’s case;e-t skiptir miklu (litlu) máli, it is of great (small) importance;12) three months (mál ok misseri).n.1) measure (fimm álna er hátt mál hans);leggja, bera mál við e-t, to measure (hann lagði mál við öll in stœrstu tré);2) time, high time (mál er upp at standa);sagði, at þá var mið nótt ók at enn væri mál at sofa, and still time to sleep;3) meal;í eitt mál, at einu máli, for one single meal;deila mat at málum, to deal out food at each meal.n. inlaid ornaments (on the hilts and guards of swords).* * *1.n., old pl. ḿl, 673. 47, Greg.; [Ulf. maþl = ἀγορά; Hel. mahal = speech, meeting; Dan. maal; from the old Teut. maþl or mahal was formed the mid. Lat. mallum = parliament, public meeting (Du Cange), and mallum again was in Norman-French rendered by parliament.]A. Speech, faculty of speech; mál heitir orð …, Edda 110; þau hafa ekki mál, they are dumb, Fms. i. 97, Fs. i. 250; þröngdi svá sóttar-fari konungs at hann misti málsins, x. 148; þeir hafa eigi manns rödd né mál, Rb. 348; þeir hafa gauð fyrir mál, 346; mál, heyrn, sjón, Edda 6.II. speech as spoken, language, tongue; Norrænt mál, the Norse tongue, Fms. vii. 165; Gírskt mál, Greg. 75; í máli þeirra, til várs máls, in our tongue; í hverju máli, Skálda 161, 168; í vóru máli, 163, 166, 167, 169; í málinu, 165; kynnask várt mál at ráða þat er á Norrænu er ritað, Bs. i. 59; nema mál á Danska tungu, Grág.; rita at Norrænu máli, Hkr. (pref.); þeir skildu eigi hans mál, þá mælti kvinnan á Norrænu, Fs. 136.2. speech, speaking; hvárt er Flosi svá nær at hann megi heyra mál mitt, Nj. 36, 200; ver eigi nær honum en mál nemi, Fms. iv. 28; en skáldskapr var honum svá tiltækr, at hann mælti af tungu fram sem annat mál, 374; engi var svá vitr at snjallara mál mundi fram bera, vii. 158; snjallr í máli ok talaðr vel. ix. 535; skilr þú nokkut hérmanna mál, Fas. ii. 512; en er hann lauk sínu máli, Ld. 106, 130, Íb. 12; ok fara svá öllu máli um sem hann hafi áðr ekki um mælt, Grág. i. 40; ef hann kveðr svá at ok hafði í máli sínu, ‘heilt ráð ok heimolt,’ en eigi ella, 317; kveðr jarl þings ok mælti þeim málum á þinginu at Hákon jarl skyldi heita vargr í véum, Fms. xi. 40; tína fyrir mér öll þau mál ok athæfi er hafa þarf fyrir konungi, Sks. 301.3. speaking one to another, colloquy; vera á máli, to deliberate, converse, Vtkv., 1; hann kom opt á mál við konung, Eg. 106; engi þorði at krefja hann máls, 601; Þórdís gékk til máls við Egil frænda sinn, 765; þegar er þeir fundu menn at máli, Fms. i. 204; ef þeir vildu hafa hans mál, 241; síðan hættu þau málinu, Nj. 10; hann leitaði þá máls um við Ásgerði hverju þat gegndi, Eg. 703; ok spyrja hana máls hvar til þessi svör skulu koma, Hkr. i. 77; þat var karl ok kerling, mælti hann mál af þeim ok spurði, Fas. iii. 525; höfðu menn at máli (people noticed, of something extraordinary), at…, Fms. vii. 301; allir menn höfðu á máli, er Ólaf sá, hversu fríðr maðr hann var, Ld. 88; bera mikit mál á, Fms. x. 93; þat var mál manna, people said that; or, þat er mál manna, people say, Nj. 268, Eg. 29, Fms. vii. 150.4. a tale, narrative; nú er þat til máls at taka (of resuming the narrative after an episode), to take up the story again, Ld. 314, Nj. 16, 29, 135, 148, 196; er fyrr var getið í þessu máli, Fms. xi. 41; þar hef ek upp þat mál, Eg. 735.5. a saw; þat er fornt mál (‘tis an old saw), at bísna skal at betr verði, Fms. x. 261, Glúm. 344; á líti þeir mál in fornu, look to the old wise sayings, Sighvat (forn-mæli, q. v.)6. gramm. diction, construction of sentences; mál ok hættir, Edda 49; ef þat mál ( figure of speech) er upp er tekit haldi of alla vísu-lengd, 123; breyta háttum með máli einu, to vary the verses with the sentences, Edda 124 (for specimens see lit. 9–23); tvau mál, two sentences; fullt mál, a full period; hér lýkr máli, lúka heilu máli, a sentence closes; annat ok þriðja vísu-orð er sér um mál, ok er þat stál kallat, of the intercalary sentences in poetry, Edda 125; þeir kölluðu at hann hafði eigi rétt ort at máli, Fms. v. 209; samhljóðendr megu ekki mál eðr atkvæði göra einir við sik, Skálda; hér er mál fullt í hverju vísu-orði, Edda; Skáldskapar-mál, poetical diction, id.; bragar-mál, id., 124.7. mál is the name of old songs containing old saws or sentences, such as the Háva-mál; as also of poems in a dialogue (mál); all such poems were in a peculiar metre called mála-háttr, which is opposed to the epic kviðu-háttr, thus, Grímnis-mál, Vafþrúðnis-mál, Alvís-mál, Hamðis-mál, Hákonar-mál, Eiríks-mál; in some instances the name has been applied erroneously, e. g. Atla-mál; the Rígs-mál is a name given in modern times, the old name was Rígs-þula.B. As a law phrase, with the notion of public speaking, action, or the like:1. a suit, action, cause; hefja mál á hendr e-m, Fms. vii. 130; hafa mál á höndum, Grág. i. 38; sókn skal fyrr fara fram hvers máls en vörn, nema þat sé allt eitt, ok sé þat annars máls sókn er annars er vörn, 59; Njáll nefndi vátta ok sagði únýtt málit, Nj. 36; ekki á Bjarkeyjar-réttr á því máli at standa, Fms. vii. 130; þeir veittu Gizuri hvíta at hverju máli, Nj. 86; báru þeir kvið um mál Otkels, 87; færa mál fram at dómi, Grág, i. 135; sækja mál, to prosecute, Nj. 86, 99; sækja mál lögliga ok réttliga, Fms. vii. 133; Gunnarr sótti málit þar til er hann bauð til varna, Nj. 36; en um tólf mánuðr stendr þeirra mál, the case stands over for twelve months, Grág. i. 143; sækja mál á þingi, Nj. 36; færa vörn fyrir mál, 87; mál kemr í dóm, Glúm. 365; höfða mál, to institute a suit, Grág. i. 142; búa mál, to prepare a suit, of the preliminaries, Glúm. 365, passim; leggja mál undir e-n (as umpire), Nj. 105; hafa sitt mál, to get one’s verdict, win the suit, passim; vera borinn máli, to be cast, convicted, N. G. L. i. 122: to be beaten, get the worst, passim: vígs-mál, legorðs-mál, fé-mál, etc.2. an indictment, charge;þá eru þeir varðir máli ef þeir fá þann bjargkvið, Grág. i. 54; ok versk hann þá málinu, 317; at upp skyldi vera rannsókn en þau ór málinu ef hann hittisk eigi þar, Ld. 44; ek vil svara því máli, I will answer that charge, Nj. 99; ok bað Sigurð Hranason svara þar málum fyrir sik, Fms. vii. 130; á hann kost at láta varða skóggang eða görtæki, ef hann vill til hins meira máls færa ok skal hann stefna ok láta varða skóggang, Grág. i. 430; hann spurði alla ena beztu menn, hvert mál þeim þætti Gunnarr eiga á þeim nöfnum fyrir fjörráðin, Nj. 105; leynd mál, hidden charges, Grág. i. 362.3. procedure, order; at alþingis-máli réttu ok allsherjar-lögum, Nj. 87: pleading, enda er svá sem þeir mæli eigi þeim ḿlum nema þeir vinni eiða at, Grág. ii. 342.4. stipulation, agreement; mál meginlig, Vsp.; bregða máli, Grág. i. 148; ok skilja þeir eigi þat mál görr, en svá, 136; nema þau vili annat mál á göra, 336; en ek skal lauss allra mála ef hann kemr eigi svá út, Ísl. ii. 217; skulu þeirra manna mál standask, Grág. i. 296: engagement, ok vitja málanna fyrir hönd okkra beggja, Fms. xi. 104.5. transactions; en hvert sem at þessum málum var setið lengr eða skemr, Ld. 22.6. a case; lá ek þá í vöggu er þær skyldu tala um mitt mál, Fas. i. 340; mál hans stendr í miklum háska, Mar.; en þó skaltu svá um þitt mál hugsa, … at þá munt þú skamt eiga úlifat, Nj. 85; at hvárir-tveggju hafi nakkvat síns máls, Jb. 12; þat er mál Sigurðar konungs at mæla til Inga konungs, Fms. vii. 221; festi járnburð, at svá skyldi sanna mál hans, 230; honum eirir ílla ef hann hefir eigi sitt mál, Ísl. ii. 237; þá skal sá þeirra hafa sitt mál er eið vill at vinna, Grág. i. 393; Þórólfr bað Ölvi byrja mál sitt við konung, Eg. 62; at vit fáim rétt af þessu máli, 40; flytja mál sitt, Ld. 180; muntú mér verða at trúa til málanna þinna allra, Fms. xi. 104; allir er eiðsvarar erut við þetta mál, Nj. 192; eiga síðan allt mitt mál undir yðr fóstbræðrum, Fas. ii. 532; þetta mál var við Jórunni rætt, Ld. 22; þykki mér nú vandast málit, Nj. 4; svá er mál með vexti, the case is this, Lv. 43, Fas. iii. 59; var þat annat m., another affair, Nj. 256; ekki eru þau efni í um várt mál, Ld. 76; konungr átti dóm á þeirra máli, id.; ber hann upp fyrir bróður sinn málit, hann berr upp málit ok biðr Unnar, ok undra ek er þú ferr með því máli, Fas. i. 364; Austmaðrinn heldr nú á málinu við bónda Nj. 259; ef þér vilit göra málit at álitum, 3; svara þessu máli, Fms. vii. 124; miðla mál, to mediate, Íb. 12; inna stærri mála, in important cases, Nj. 2.7. special phrases, e-t skiptir miklu, litlu … máli, to bear much or little upon a case, to be of great (small …) importance, Eg. 742, Ó. H. 31, passim: skiptir þá eigi máli, Grág. i. 43; varða máli, id.; ef honum þætti máli varða at hann næði því, Rd. 260: þú kvaddir þess kviðar er eigi átti máli at skipta um víg Auðúlfs, who had no concern with the slaying of A., Nj. 87.C. COMPDS, máls- and mála-: máls-afglöpun, f. a false or collusive action, whereby the suit is lost, Grág. i. 494. máls-bót, f. an excuse, exculpation, Fms. vii. 207; esp. in plur., hafa sér e-ð til málsbóta, to use as an excuse. mála-efni, n. pl. a cause, its circumstances and nature, Nj. 47, Háv. 51; íll málaefni, a bad case, Fs. 41. 138, Ó. H. 150, Band. 12. máls-endi, a, m., see málsemd. máls-eyrendi, n. a discourse, Sturl. i. 140. mála-ferli, n. pl. lawsuits, litigation, Fs. 47, Eg. 644, Nj. 78, Sturl. i. 105, Fær. 109. mála-flutningr, m. the conduct of a suit, Hrafn. 17. mála-fylgjumaðr ( mála-fylgismaðr), m. a lawyer; mikill m., a great taker up of suits, Nj. 1, Bs. i. 82. máls-fylling, f. the conclusion of a case, Fb. iii. 451. máls-grein, f. a sentence, Skálda 174, 181, Bs. i. 753 ( a passage in a letter): a phrase, Stj. 79, Edda 49; partr málsgreinar = pars orationis, Skálda 180: diction, style, Edda 120. mála-háttr, m. [mál, háttr], a kind of metre, Edda 142, where a specimen is given. máls-hattr, m. a phrase, Stj. 67, 126: = málsgrein, Skálda 170: a proverb, saying, Fms. ii. 33, Fas. iii. 104, Stj. 133, passim. málshátta-safn, n. a collection of proverbs. mála-hlutr or máls-hlutr or -hluti, a, m. one side of a case or suit eiga enn þyngra málahlut, Ísl. ii. 172; þá ferr ílla m. várr ( our case), Lv. 95: a share, mun sá verða m. várr beztr, Nj. 88; nú kann vera, at ek kunna ekki at sjá málahlut til handa mér, en vilja munda ek halda sæmd minni, Sturl. i. 105. mála-kosta, u, f. a complaint, pleading in a case, Sturl. i. 613, H. E. i. 457. mála-leitan, f. a negotiation, the mooting a question, Eg. 521, Eb. 130, Fms. vii. 299, Orkn. 56. mála-lenging, f. useless prolongation. mála-lok, n. pl. the end of a case, conclusion, Eb. 106, Nj. 102, Bs. i. 68. mála-lyktir, f. pl. = málalok, Eb. 24, 36, Nj. 88, Fms. vii. 14. máls-löstr, m. bad grammar, Skálda 181. mála-maðr, m. = málafylgju-maðr, Dropl. 6, Ld. 298, Boll. 354. mála-mannligt, n. adj. like, worthy of a málamaðr, Bs. i. 751. máls-metandi, part., m. maðr, a person of mark. mála-mynd, f.; til málamyndar, only for appearance, not seriously. máls-orð, n. a word in a sentence, Edda 124, 126, 128. máls-partr, m. a part of speech, Skálda 185: a part in a suit, mod. máls-rödd, f. = málrómr, Stj. 81. mála-skil, n. pl. knowledge of proceeding. Sturl. iii. 10. mála-skot, n. an appeal in a case, K. Á. 218. mála-sóku, f. a lawsuit, prosecution, Nj. 248. máls-spell, n. a flaw in a suit, Nj. 170, Fms. x. 12. mála-sönnun, f. evidence, Mar. mála-tilbúningr or mála-tilbúnaðr, m. the preparation of a suit, Grág. i. 490, Eb. 282, Nj. 36, 100. mála-tilleitan, f. = málaleitan, Þórð. 67. mála-vöxtr, m. the state of a case, Fms. vi. 11, Al. 113, Bs. i. 67, Nj. 79. máls-þörf, f. a wish to speak, Fms. vi. 374.2.n. [Ulf. mêl = χρόνος, καιρός; A. S. mâl; Engl. meal; Germ. mahl; Dan. and Swed. maal, mâl = a mark]:—a measure: hann mælti grundvöll undir húss, þat var þeirra átrúnaðr ef málit gengi saman, þá er optarr væri reynt, at þess manns ráð mundi saman ganga, ef mál-vöndrinn þyrri, en þróask ef hann vissi til mikilleiks, gékk nú málit saman ok var þrem sinnum reynt, Korm. 8; fimm álna er hátt mál hans, Fms. vi. 929; ganga undir mál, to undergo a mál (for measuring one’s height); þat sögðu menn at þeir hefði jafnmiklir menn verit, þá er þeir gengu undir mál, Ld. 178; leggja, bera mál við, to measure; hann lagði mál við öll in stærstu tré, 216; með því sama máli sem þér mælit út mun yðr verða aptr mælt, Mar.; bar hón mál á, ok þurfti þá þrjár álnar ok þver hönd, Bs. ii. 168; kunna maga mál, to know the measure of one’s stomach, Hm. 20.2. a length of sixteen fathoms, D. N. (Fr.)B. Temp. [Ulf. mêl = χρόνος, καιρός], a ‘meal,’ of time, i. e. a certain portion of time:I. time, high time; skipverjum þótti mál ór hafi, Landn. 206: with infin., Vsp. 14, Hm. 111, Skm. 10, Bm. 1; mönnum væri mál at lýsa sökum sínum, Nj. 149; at mál væri at ganga at sofa, Fms. ii. 138; mælti biskup at mál væri at sofa, 139; sagði mál at ríða, Orkn. 48: adding a dat., mál er mér at ríða, Hkv. 2. 47: ok er mál at vit farim, Fær. 255; mál er at leita at hestum várum, Korm. 182; ok er allt mál at ættvíg þessi takisk af, Ld. 258; ok er nú mál at hætta, Fms. vi. 212: e-m er mál (of stools):—í mál, in due time; þóat í mál yrði borinn kviðrinn, Grág. i. 54.2. the moment, nick of time (mál, q. v.); at hann var þar þá nótt, ok á því máli …, of an alibi, N. G. L. i. 309.II. the meal-time, morning and evening, Edda 103; hence of cattle, missa máls, to miss the time, sheep lost or astray for a day so that they cannot be milked, Grág. ii. 230, 231; kvikfénaðr missir máls, Snót; hence málnyta. q. v.; deila mat at málum, to deal out meat at each meal, Grág. i. 149; í hvert mál, Hm. 36; í eitt mál, for one single ‘meal,’ Karl. 347, Grág. i. 293; fæða þá í tvau mál, ii. 400; í bæði mál (see i B, p. 317): at því máli = Germ. diesmahl, Korm. (in a verse); þat er ok mitt ráð þó þat sé at fyrra máli at menn snæði nokkut, Fb. ii. 676; þat vilda ek at þær æti at einu máli kýr Hálfdanar bróður míns, Ó. H. 64; ef ættak at málungi mat, if I had meat from meal to meal, Hm.2. of the day marks; dag-mál = day-meal = 9 o’clock A. M.; and nátt-mál, night-time = 9 o’clock P. M.; í fyrra málið, to-morrow morning; eg skal koma í fyrra málið.III. of the seasons of the year; í misseri eru mál tvau, í máli eru mánuðr þrír, Rb. 6; mál ok misseri, Hm.; sumar-mál, the time when summer sets in (middle of April), opp. to vetr-nætr, when winter sets in; hríð-mál. q. v.COMPDS: málamatr, málamjólk, málsverðr.3.n. [Ulf. mêl = γραφή and γράμμα; Hel. mâl = imago, effigies; cp. also Goth. maljan = γράφειν, whence mod. Germ. mahlerei, mahlen, = pingere]:—prop. ‘a drawing,’ but it is used in old writers only of inlaid ornaments on spear’s heads or on the hilts and guards of swords; görir Þorgrímr þar af spjót, mál vóru í, Gísl. 18; hann hafði króka-spjót í hendi haugtekit ok allgóð mál í, Ld. 78; spjót, þá fann hann blóð í málunum, Glúm. 344; stál bjartra mála, Korm. 1; gull-mál (q. v.), Þiðr. 110; stála-mál, inlaid work of steel, Ht. R. 33. For specimens of ‘mál’ see Worsaae, Nos. 325, 331; a plate with inlaid work on the outside and a Runic inscription on the inside was found in Oct. 1870 in the cairn Greenmount in Ireland, and is described by Major-General Lefroy.COMPDS: málajárn, málasax, málaspjót, málasteinn. -
22 many
'meni 1. comparative - more; adjective(a great number of: Many languages are spoken in Africa; There weren't very many people; You've made a great/good many mistakes.) mange2. pronoun(a great number: A few people survived, but many died.) mengde, hel del- many-- many amangeIsubst. \/ˈmenɪ\/mange• the manya good\/great many ganske mange, en stor mengde, ganske myeveldig mye folk, en hel del menneskerIIdeterm. \/ˈmenɪ\/mange, myefor many a day på svært lengefor many a long day på veldig lenge, på mange herrens åra good many ganske mange, ikke så rent få, ganske myea great many en stor mengde, en masse, en hel del, veldig mangehave one too many ( hverdagslig) ta seg et glass for myein so many words klart og tydeligmany a(n) ( mest litterært) mang enone too many en for mye, overflødig, i veien for smartthis many a day ( gammeldags) på lang tidtwice as many eller twice the number dobbelt så mange, det doble antallet -
23 πρός
πρός, Prep., expressing direction,A on the side of, in the direction of, hence c. gen., dat., and acc., from, at, to: [dialect] Ep. also [full] προτί and [full] ποτί, in Hom. usually c. acc., more rarely c. dat., and each only once c. gen., Il.11.831, 22.198:—dialectal forms: [dialect] Dor.[full] ποτί (q. v.) and [full] ποί, but Cret. [full] πορτί Leg.Gort.5.44, etc., Argive [full] προτ( [full] ί) Schwyzer 84.3 (found at Tylisus, V B.C.), restored in Mnemos.57.208(Argos, vi B.C.), and in Alcm.30; Arc., Cypr. [full] πός SIG306.11 (Tegea, iv B.C.), Inscr.Cypr. 135.19H., also sts. in Asia Minor in compds., v. ποσάγω, ποσφέρω; [dialect] Aeol. [full] πρός Sapph.69 ([etym.] προς-), 109, Alc.20 (s. v.l.); [full] πρές Jo.Gramm. Comp.3.10; Pamphylian περτ ([etym.] ί) Schwyzer 686.7, 686a4. (With [full] προτί, [full] πρός cf. Skt. práti 'towards, near to, against, back, etc.', Slav. protiv[ucaron], Lett. pret 'against', Lat. pretium: [full] ποτί (q. v.) and [full] πός are not cogn.) A. WITH GEN., πρός refers to that from which something comes:I of Place, from,ἵκετο ἠὲ π. ἠοίων ἦ ἑσπερίων ἀνθρώπων Od. 8.29
;τὸν π. Σάρδεων ἤλεκτρον S.Ant. 1037
(v.l.).2 on the side of, towards, νήσοισι πρὸς Ἤλιδος towards Elis, Od.21.347; π. ἁλός, π. Θύμβρης, Il.10.428, 430;εἶναι π. θαλάσσης Hdt.2.154
;ἱδρῦσθαι π. τοῦ Ἑλλησπόντου Id.8.120
;ἐστρατοπεδεύοντο π. Ὀλύνθου Th.1.62
, etc.; φυλακαὶ π. Αἰθιόπων, π. Ἀραβίων, π. Διβύης, on the frontier towards the Ethiopians, etc., Hdt.2.30: freq. with words denoting the points of the compass, δύω θύραι εἰσίν, αἱ μὲν π. βορέαο, αἱ δ' αὖ π. νότου one on the north side, the other on the south side, Od.13.110;οἰκέουσι π. νότου ἀνέμου Hdt.3.101
; π. ἄρκτου τε καὶ βορέω ἀνέμου κατοικημένοι ib. 102; π. μεσαμβρίης ib. 107; π. τοῦ Τμώλου τετραμμένον τῆς πόλιος (in such phrases the acc. is more common) Id.1.84;π. Πλαταιῶν Th. 3.21
;π. Νεμέας Id.5.59
; ἀπὸ τῆσδε τῆς ὁδοῦ τὸ π. τοῦ λιμένος ἅπαν everything on the harbour- ward side of this road, IG12.892: combined with π. c. acc.,π. ἠῶ τε καὶ τοῦ Τανάϊδος Hdt.4.122
;τὸν μέν π. βορέω ἑστεῶτα, τὸν δὲ π. νότον Id.2.121
, cf. 4.17.3 before, in presence of,μάρτυροι ἔστων π. τε θεῶν μακάρων π. τε θνητῶν ἀνθρώπων Il.1.339
;οὐδ' ἐπιορκήσω π. δαίμονος 19.188
; ποίτοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος .. ὑπίσχομαι prob. in IG22.1126.7 (Amphict. Delph., iv B. C.); ὑποσχομένους πρὸς τοῦ Διός ib.1237.16: hence,b in the eyes of,ἄδικον οὐδὲν οὔτε π. θεῶν οὔτε π. ἀνθρώπων Th.1.71
, cf. X.An.1.6.6, etc.; ὅσιος π. θεῶν Lex ap.And.1.97; κατειπάτω.. ἁγνῶς π. τοῦ θεοῦ if he wishes to be pure in the sight of the god, SIG986.9, cf. 17 (Chios, v/iv B. C.);ὁ γὰρ καιρὸς π. ἀνθρώπων βραχὺ μέτρον ἔχει Pi.P.4.286
.4 in supplication or adjuration, before, and so, in the name of,σε.. γουνάζομαι.. π. τ' ἀλόχου καὶ πατρός Od.11.67
;π. θεῶν πατρῴων S.Ant. 839
(lyr.), etc.; ἱκετεύω, ἀντιβολῶ π. παίδων, π. γυναικῶν, etc., D.28.20, etc.: the verb is freq. omitted with π. θεῶν or τῶν θεῶν, E.Hec. 551, S.OT 1037, Ar.V. 760;π. τοῦ Διός Id.Av. 130
: less freq. with other words,π. τῆς ἑστίας E.Fr.953.39
;π. Χαρίτων Luc.Hist.Conscr.14
;μὴ π. γενείου S.El. 1208
;μὴ π. ξενίας τᾶς σᾶς Id.OC 515
(lyr.): sts. in questions, π. θεῶν, τίς οὕτως εὐήθης ἐστίν; in heaven's name, D.1.15;π. τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς.. ; Din.1.45
;ἆρ' οὖν, ὦ π. Διός,.. ; Pl.R. 459a
, cf. Ap. 26e: sts. in Trag. with the pron. σε between prep. and case,π. νύν σε πατρὸς π. τε μητρός.. ἱκνοῦμαι S.Ph. 468
;μὴ π. σε γονάτων E.Med. 324
.5 of origin or descent, from, on the side of, γένος ἐξ Ἁλικαρνησσοῦ τὰ π. πατρός by the father's side, Hdt.7.99;Ἀθηναῖον.. καὶ τὰ π. πατρὸς καὶ τὰ π. μητρός D.57.17
, cf. Isoc.3.42, SIG1015.7 (Halic.); πρόγονοι ἢ π. ἀνδρῶν ἢ γυναικῶν in the male or female line, Pl.Tht. 173d;ὁ πατὴρ π. μὲν ἀνδρῶν ἦν τῶν Εὐπατριδῶν Isoc.16.25
;οἱ συγγενεῖς τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ π. ἀνδρῶν καὶ π. γυναικῶν D.57.23
; οἱ π. αἵματος blood-relations, S.Aj. 1305;ἢ φίλων τις ἢ π. αἵματος φύσιν Id.El. 1125
.II of effects proceeding from what cause soever:1 from, at the hand of, with Verbs of having, receiving, etc.,ὡς ἂν.. τιμὴν καὶ κῦδος ἄρηαι π. πάντων Δαναῶν Il.16.85
, cf. 1.160, etc.;τιμὴν π. Ζηνὸς ἔχοντες Od.11.302
;δίδοι οἱ.. χάριν ποτ' ἀστῶν καὶ ποτὶ ξείνων Pi.O.7.90
; ;φυλακῆς π. δήμου κυρῆσαι Hdt.1.59
;τυχεῖν τινος π. θεῶν A.Th. 550
, cf. S.Aj. 527;λαχὼν π. δαιμόνων ὄλβον Pi.N.9.45
;κακόν τι π. θεῶν ἢ π. ἀνθρώπων λαβεῖν Hdt.2.139
, etc.;μανθάνειν π. ἀστῶν S.OC13
: with passive Verbs, προτὶ Ἀχιλλῆος δεδιδάχθαι to have been taught by.., Il.11.831, cf. S.OT 357;ἄριστα πεποίηται.. πρὸς Τρώων Il.6.57
; αἴσχε' ἀκούω π. Τρώων ib. 525, cf. Heraclit.79;ταῦτα.. π. τούτου κλύειν S.OT 429
;οὐ λέγεται π. οὐδαμῶν Hdt.1.47
; ἀτιμάζεσθαι, τετιμῆσθαι π. τινῶν, ib.61,2.75; alsoλόγου οὐδενὸς γίνεσθαι π. τινῶν Id.1.120
; παθεῖν τι π. τινός at the hand of, ib.73;π. ἀλλήλοιν θανεῖν E. Ph. 1269
, cf. S.OT 1237; π. τῆς τύχης ὄλωλεν ib. 949;τὸ ποιεύμενον π. τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων Hdt.7.209
;αἰτηθέντες π. τινὸς χρήματα Id.8.111
;ἱμέρου βέλει π. σοῦ τέθαλπται A.Pr. 650
: with an Adj. or Subst.,τιμήεσσα π. πόσιος Od.18.162
;ἐπίφθονος π. τῶν πλεόνων ἀνθρώπων Hdt.7.139
;ἔρημος π. φίλων S.Ant. 919
;ἀπαθὴς π. ἀστῶν Pi.P.4.297
;πειθὼ π. τινός S.El. 562
;π. Τρώων.. κλέος εἶναι Il.22.514
; ἄρκεσις π. ἀνδρός, δόξα π. ἀνθρώπων, S.OC73, E.Heracl. 624 (lyr.);ἐλίπετο ἀθάνατον μνήμην π. Ἑλλησποντίων Hdt.4.144
: with an Adv., οἶμαι γὰρ ἂν οὐκ ἀχαρίστως μοι ἔχειν οὔτε π. ὑμῶν οὔτε π. τῆς Ἑλλάδος I shall meet with no ingratitude at your hands, X.An.2.3.18, cf. Pl.R. 463d.2 of things, π. τίνος ποτ' αἰτίας [τέθνηκεν]; from of by what cause? S.OT 1236; π. ἀμπλακημάτων by or by reason of.., Id.Ant.51.III of dependence or close connexion: hence,1 dependent on one, under one's protection,π. Διός εἰσι ξεῖνοί τε πτωχοί τε Od.6.207
,14.57; δικασπόλοι, οἵ τε θέμιστας π. Διὸς εἰρύαται by commission from him, Il.1.239; π. ἄλλης ἱστὸν ὑφαίνοις at the bidding of another, 6.456.2 on one's side, in one's favour, Hdt.1.75, 124, S.OT 1434, Tr. 479, etc.;π. τῶν ἐχόντων.. τὸν νόμον τίθης E.Alc. 57
.IV of that which is derivable from: hence, agreeable to, becoming, like,τὰ τοιαῦτα ἔργα οὐ π. τοῦ ἅπαντος ἀνδρὸς νενόμικα γίνεσθαι, ἀλλὰπ. ψυχῆς τε ἀγαθῆς καὶ ῥώμης ἀνδρηΐης Hdt.7.153
, cf.5.12; ἦ κάρτα π. γυναικὸς αἴρεσθαι κέαρ 'tis very like a woman, A.Ag. 592, cf. 1636;οὐ π. ἰατροῦ σοφοῦ θρηνεῖν ἐπῳδάς S.Aj. 581
, cf. Ar.V. 369, E.Hel. 950, etc.;π. σοῦ ἐστι Id.HF 585
, etc.;οὐκ ἦν π. τοῦ Κύρου τρόπου X.An. 1.2.11
, etc.: of qualities, etc.,π. δυσσεβείας A.Ch. 704
; π. δίκης οὐδὲν τρέμων agreeably to justice, S.OT 1014, cf.El. 1211;οὐ π. τῆς ὑμετέρας δόξης Th.3.59
; ἐάν τι ἡμῖν π. λόγου ᾖ if it be at all to our purpose, Pl.Grg. 459c;εἰ τόδε π. τρόπου λέγω
correctly,Id.
R. 470c; but π. τρόπου τι ὠνεῖσθαι buy at a reasonable price, Thphr.Char.30.12;τὰ γενήματα π. ἐλάσσονος τιμᾶς πωλῶν IG5(2).515.14
([place name] Lycosura); π. ἀγαθοῦ, π. κακοῦ τινί ἐστι or γίγνεται, it is to one's advantage or otherwise, Arist.Mu. 397a30, Arr.An.7.16.5, Hld.7.12; π. ἀτιμίας λαβεῖν τι to take a thing as an insult, regard it so, Plu.Cic.13;π. δέους λαβεῖν τι Id.Flam.7
; λαβεῖν τι π. ὀργῆς (v.l. ὀργήν) J.AJ8.1.3; μοι π. εὐκλείας γένοιτο ib. 18.7.7; τῷ δήμῳ π. αἰσχύνης ἂν ἦν, π. ὀνείδους ἂν ἦν τῇ πόλει, Lib.Decl.43.27,28.B WITH DAT., it expresses proximity, hard by, near, at,ποτὶ γαίῃ Od.8.190
, 11.423;ποτὶ γούνασι Il.5.408
; ποτὶ δρυσίν among the oaks, 14.398 (nisi leg. περί); πρὸς ἄκμονι χαλκεύειν Pi.P.1.86
; ποτὶ γραμμᾷ στᾶσαί τινα ib.9.118; ἄγκυραν ποτὶ ναΐ κρημνάντων ib.4.24;δῆσαί τινα πρὸς φάραγγι A.Pr.15
;νεὼς καμούσης ποντίῳ π. κύματι Id.Th. 210
;π. μέσῃ ἀγορᾷ S.Tr. 371
;π. Ἀργείων στρατῷ Id.Aj.95
;π. πέδῳ κεῖται Id.OT 180
(lyr.); θακεῖν π. ναοῖς ib.20, cf. A.Eu. 855;π. ἡλίου ναίουσι πηγαῖς Id.Pr. 808
;π. τῇ γῇ ναυμαχεῖν Th. 7.34
; ἐς μάχην καθίστασθαι π. (v.l. ὑπ')αὐτῇ τῇ πόλει Id.2.79
;τεῖχος π. τῇ θαλάσσῃ Id.3.105
;αἱ π. θαλάττῃ πόλεις X.HG4.8.1
; τὸ π. Αἰγίνῃ στράτευμα off Aegina, Th.1.105; Αίβυες οἱ π. Αἰγύπτῳ bordering on.., ib. 104; τὸ π. ποσί that which is close to the feet, before one, S.OT 130, etc.; θρηνεῖν ἐπῳδὰς π... πήματι over it, Id.Aj. 582; αἱ π. τῇ βάσει γωνίαι the angles at the base, Euc.1.5,al.;τὴν π. τῷ.. ιερῷ κρήνην IG22.338.13
, cf. SIG1040.15 (Piraeus, iv B. C.), al.2 before, in the presence of, π. τοῖς θεσμοθέταις, π. τῷ διαιτητῇ λέγειν, D. 20.98,39.22;ὅσα π. τοῖς κριταῖς γέγονεν Id.21.18
;π. διαιτητῇ φεύγειν Id.22.28
.3 with Verbs denoting motion towards a place, upon, against,ποτὶ δὲ σκῆπτρον βάλε γαίῃ Il.1.245
, Od.2.80;με βάλῃ.. ποτὶ πέτρῃ 5.415
, cf. 7.279, 9.284; , cf. 5.401; λιαζόμενον ποτὶ γαίῃ sinking on the ground, Il.20.420;ἴσχοντες πρὸς ταῖς πόλεσι Th.7.35
.4 sts. with a notion of clinging closely, προτὶ οἷ λάβε clasped to him, Il.20.418;προτὶ οἷ εἷλε 21.507
;πρὸς ἀλλήλῃσιν ἔχονται Od.5.329
;προσπεπλασμένας.. π. ὄρεσι Hdt.3.111
; π. δμῳαῖσι κλίνομαι fall into the arms of.., S.Ant. 1189;π. τινί
close to,Men.
Epit. 204.II to express close engagement, at the point of,π. αὐτῷ γ' εἰμὶ τῷ δεινῷ λέγειν S.OT 1169
; engaged in or about,π. τῷ εἰρημένῳ λόγῳ ἦν Pl.Phd. 84c
, cf. Phdr. 249c, 249d;ἂν π. τῷ σκοπεῖν.. γένησθε D.18.176
;ἀεὶ π. ᾧ εἴη ἔργῳ, τοῦτο ἔπραττεν X. HG4.8.22
; διατρίβειν or σχολάζειν π. τινί, Epicr.11.3 (anap.), Arist. Pol. 1308b36 (butπ. ταῦτα ἐσχόλασα X.Mem.3.6.6
);ὅλος εἶναι π. τῷ λήμματι D.19.127
;π. τῇ ἀνάγκῃ ταύτῃ γίγνεσθαι Aeschin.1.74
; τὴν διάνοιαν, τὴν γνώμην ἔχειν π. τινί, Pl.R. 500b, Aeschin.3.192; κατατάξαι αὐτὸν π. γράμμασιν, i.e. give him a post as clerk, PCair.Zen. 342.3 (iii B. C.);ὁ π. τοῖς γράμμασι τεταγμένος Plb.15.27.7
, cf. 5.54.7, D.S.2.29,3.22;ἐπιμελητὴς π. τῇ εἰκασίᾳ τοῦ σησάμου PTeb.713.2
, cf.709.1 (ii B. C.).III to express union or addition, once in Hom., ἄασάν μ' ἕταροί τε κακοὶ π. τοῖσί τε ὕπνος and besides them sleep, Od.10.68;π. τοῖς παροῦσιν ἄλλα
in addition to,A.
Pr. 323, cf. Pers. 531, Xenoph.8.3. Emp.59.3;ἄλλους π. ἑαυτῷ Th.1.90
; π. ταῖς ἡμετέραις [τριήρεσι] Id.6.90;δέκα μῆνας π. ἄλλοις πέντε S.Tr.45
;τρίτος.. π. δέκ' ἄλλαισιν γοναῖς A.Pr. 774
; κυβερνήτης π. τῇ σκυτοτομίᾳ in addition to his trade of leather-cutter, Pl.R. 397e: freq. with neut. Adjs., π. τῷ νέῳ ἁπαλός besides his youth, Id.Smp. 195c, cf. Tht. 185e;π. τῷ βλαβερῷ καὶ ἀηδέστατον Id.Phdr. 240b
; π. τούτοισι besides this, Hdt.2.51, cf. A.Pers. 237 (troch.), etc.; rarely in sg.,π. τούτῳ Hdt.1.31
,41; π. τοῖς ἄλλοις besides all the rest, Th.2.61, etc.:—cf. the Advb. usage, infr. D.C WITH ACCUS., it expresses motion or direction towards an object:I of Place, towards, to, with Verbs of Motion,ἰέναι π. Ὄλυμπον Il.1.420
; ἰέναι π. δώματα, etc., Od.2.288, etc.;ἰέναι π. ἠῶ τ' ἠέλιόν τε Il.12.239
; φέρειν προτὶ ἄστυ, ἄγειν προτὶ Ἴλιον, etc., 13.538, 657, etc.; ἄγεσθαιπρὸς οἶκον, ἐρύεσθαι ποτὶ Ἴλιον, 9.147,18.174; ὠθεῖν, δίεσθαι προτὶ ἄστυ, 16.45, 15.681, etc.;ῥίπτασκε ποτὶ νέφεα Od.8.374
;βαλεῖν ποτὶ πέτρας 12.71
;κυλινδόμενα προτὶ χέρσον 9.147
; ἀπῆλθε πρὸς ἑαυτόν returned to his home, LXX Nu.24.25; κληθῆναι π. τὸ δεῖπνον (rarer than ἐπὶ δεῖπνον) Plu. Cat.Ma.3.2 with Verbs implying previous motion, upon, against, π. τεῖχος, π. κίονα ἐρείσας, Il.22.112, Od.8.66;ἅρματα.. ἔκλιναν π. ἐνώπια Il.8.435
;ἔγχος ἔστησε π. κίονα Od.1.127
;ποτὶ τοῖχον ἀρηρότες 2.342
;ποτὶ βωμὸν ἵζεσθαι 22.334
;πρὸς γοῦνα καθέζετό τινος 18.395
;π. ἄλλοτ' ἄλλον πημονὴ προσιζάνει A.Pr. 278
;τὰ πολλὰ πατρὸς π. τάφον κτερίσματα S.El. 931
; χῶρον π. αὐτὸν τόνδ' dub. in Id.Ph.23; later,ἔστη π. τὸν στῦλον LXX 4 Ki.23.3
;ὁ ὄχλος π. τὴν θάλασσαν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ἦσαν Ev.Marc.4.1
; π. ὑμᾶς παραμενῶ with you, 1 Ep.Cor.16.6;ἐκήδευσαν τὸν.. πατέρα.. π. τοὺς λοιποὺς συγγενεῖς
beside,Supp.Epigr.
6.106 ([place name] Cotiaeum).b of addition, (Argos, v B. C.);ἵππον προσετίθει πρὸς τοὔνομα Ar.Nu.63
, cf. Hdt.6.125, X.HG1.5.6, Pl.Phlb. 33c, Arist.Rh. 1359b28; προσεδαπάνησε π. τὸ μερισθὲν αὐτῷ εἰς τὸ ἔλαιον ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων over and above the sum allotted to him, IG22.1227.9; προσετέθη π. τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ was gathered to his people, LXX Ge.49.33.3 with Verbs of seeing, looking, etc., towards,ἰδεῖν π. τινά Od.12.244
, al.; ὁρᾶν, ἀποβλέπειν π. τι or τινά, A.Supp. 725, Ar.Ach. 291, etc.;ἀνταυγεῖ π. Ὄλυμπον Emp.44
; στάντε ποτὶ πνοιήν so as to face it, Il.11.622 (similarly, πέτονται πρὸς τὸ πνεῦμα against the wind, Arist.HA 597a32); κλαίεσκε π. οὐρανόν cried to heaven, Il.8.364: freq. of points of the compass, π. ζόφον κεῖσθαι lie towards the West, Od.9.26;ναίειν π. ἠῶ τ' ἠέλιόν τε 13.240
;στάντα π. πρώτην ἕω S.OC 477
; so in Prose,π. ἠῶ τε καὶ ἡλίου ἀνατολάς Hdt. 1.201
, cf. 4.40;π. βορέην τε καὶ νότον Id.2.149
; alsoἀκτὴ π. Τυρσηνίην τετραμμένη τῆς Σικελίης Id.6.22
(v. supr. A. 1.2); π. ἥλιον facing the sun, and so, in the sunlight, Ar.V. 772; so π. λύχνον by lamplight, Id. Pax 692, Jul.Ep.4;π. τὸ λύχνον Hippon.22
Diehl, cf. Arist.Mete. 375a27;πὸτ τὸ πῦρ Ar.Ach. 751
;πρὸς τὸ πῦρ Pl.R. 372d
, cf. Arist.Pr. 870a21; π. φῶς in open day, S.El. 640; but, by torch-light, Plu.2.237a.4 in hostile sense, against,π. Τρῶας μάχεαι Il.17.471
;ἐστρατόωνθ'.. π. τείχεα Θήβης 4.378
; π. δαίμονα against his will, 17.98;βεβλήκει π. στῆθος 4.108
;γούνατ' ἐπήδα π. ῥόον ἀΐσσοντος 21.303
;χρὴ π. θεὸν οὐκ ἐρίζειν Pi.P.2.88
;π. τοὐμὸν σπέρμα χωρήσαντα S.Tr. 304
;ἐπιέναι π. τινάς Th.2.65
;ὅσα ἔπραξαν οἱ Ἕλληνες π. τε ἀλλήλους καὶ τὸν βάρβαρον Id.1.118
;ἀγωνίζεσθαι π. τινά Pl.R. 579c
;ἀντιτάττεσθαι π. πόλιν X.Cyr.3.1.18
: also in argument, in reply to,ταῦτα π. τὸν Πιττακὸν εἴρηται Pl.Prt. 345c
; and so in the titles of judicial speeches, πρός τινα in reply to, less strong than κατά τινος against or in accusation, D.20 tit., etc.;μήτε π. ἐμὲ μήτε κατ' ἐμοῦ δίκην εἶναι Is.11.34
.5 without any hostile sense,π. ἀλλήλους ἔπεα πτερόεντ' ἀγόρευον Il.3.155
,cf.5.274,11.403,17.200;π.ξεῖνον φάσθαι ἔπος ἠδ' ἐπακοῦσαι Od.17.584
; λέγειν, εἰπεῖν, φράζειν π. τινά, Hdt. 1.8,90, Ar.V. 335, Nu. 359;ἀπαγγεῖλαι π. τινάς A.Ch. 267
;μνησθῆναι π. τινά Lys.1.19
, etc.;ἀμείψασθαι π. τινά Hdt.8.60
codd.;ἀποκρίνεσθαι π. τινάς Ar.Ach. 632
, Th.5.42; ὤμοσε δὲ π. ἔμ' αὐτόν he swore to me, Od.14.331: π. sts. governs the reflex. pron.,διαλογίζεσθαι π. ὑμᾶς αὐτούς Is.7.45
; ἀναμνήσθητε, ἐνθυμήθητε π. ὑμᾶς αὐτούς, Isoc.6.52, 15.60;π. ἐμαυτὸν.. ἐλογιζόμην Pl.Ap. 21d
; μινύρεσθαι, ἄδειν π. ἑαυτόν, Ar.Ec. 880, 931;ἐπικωκύω.. αὐτὴ π. αὑτήν S.El. 285
.b π. σφέας ἔχειν δοκέουσι, i.e. they think they are pregnant, Hp.Nat.Puer. 30.6 of various kinds of intercourse or reciprocal action, π... Διομήδεα τεύχε' ἄμειβεν changed arms with Diomedes, Il.6.235;ὅσα.. ξυμβόλαια.. ἦν τοῖς ἰδιώταις π. τοὺς ἰδιώτας ἢ ἰδιώτῃ π. τὸ κοινόν IG12.116.19
; σπονδάς, συνθήκας ποιεῖσθαι π. τινά, Th.4.15, Plb.1.17.6;ξυγχωρεῖν π. τινάς Th.2.59
;γίγνεται ὁμολογία π. τινάς Id.7.82
, cf. Hdt. 1.61;π. τινὰς ξυμμαχίαν ποιεῖς θαι Th.5.22
;π. ἀλλήλους ἡσυχίαν εἶχον καὶ π. τοὺς ἄλλους.. εἰρήνην ἦγον Isoc.7.51
;π. ἀλλήλους ἔχθραι τε καὶ στέργηθρα A.Pr. 491
; alsoσαίνειν ποτὶ πάντας Pi.P.2.82
, cf. O.4.6;παίζειν πρός τινας E.HF 952
, etc.;ἀφροδισιάζειν π. τινά X.Mem.1.3.14
;ἀγαθὸς γίγνεσθαι π. τινά Th.1.86
;εὐσεβὴς π. τινὰς πέλειν A.Supp. 340
; διαλέγεσθαι π. τινά converse with.., X.Mem.1.6.1, Aeschin.2.38,40, 3.219;κοινοῦσθαι π. τινάς Pl.Lg. 930c
;π. τοὺς οἰκέτας ἀνακοινοῦσθαι περὶ τῶν μεγίστων Thphr.Char.4.2
; διαλογίζεσθαι π. τινά balance accounts with.., D.52.3, cf. SIG241.127 (Delph., iv B. C.);ἃ ἔχει διελόμενος π. τὸν ἀδελφόν IG12(7).55.8
(Amorgos, iv/iii B. C.), cf. D. 47.34.b in phrases of the form ἡ π. τινὰ εὔνοια (ἔχθρα, etc.), π. sts. means towards, as ἡ π. αὑτοὺς φιλία the affection of their wives towards or for them, X.Cyr.3.1.39;ἡ π. ὑμᾶς ἔχθρα Id.HG3.5.10
;ἡ ἀπέχθεια ἡ π. τοὺς πλουσίους Arist.Pol. 1305a23
;τὴν π. τοὺς τετελευτηκότας εὔνοιαν ὑπάρχουσαν D.18.314
, cf. SIG352.13 (Ephesus, iv/iii B. C.), al.;φυσικαὶ τοκέων στοργαὶ π. τέκνα ποθεινά IG12(5).305.13
([place name] Paros): but sts. at the hands of, ἡ π. τὸ θεῖον εὐμένεια the favour of the gods, Th.5.105; φθόνος τοῖς ζῶσι π. τὸ ἀντίπαλον jealousy is incurred by the living at the hands of their rivals, Id.2.45; τὴν ἀπέχθειαν τὴν π. Θηβαίους.. τῇ πόλει γενέσθαι the hostility incurred by Athens at the hands of the Thebans, D.18.36, cf.6.3, 19.85; τῇ φιλίᾳ τῇ π. τὸν τετελευτηκότα the friendship with (not 'affection for') the deceased, Is.1.17, cf. Pl.Ap. 21c, 28a, Isoc.15.101,19.50, Lycurg.135, Din.1.19, etc.;τίνος ὄντος ἐμοὶ π. ὑμᾶς ἐγκλήματος; Lys.10.23
, cf. 16.10;τιμώμενος.. διὰ τὴν π. ὑμᾶς πίστιν Din.3.12
, cf. Lys.12.67, D.20.25; τῷ φόβῳ τῷ π. ὑμᾶς the fear inspired by you, Id.25.93; τῇ π. Ῥωμαίους εὐνοία his popularity with the Romans, Plb.23.7.5.7 of legal or other business transacted before a magistrate, witness, etc.,τάδε ὁ σύλλογος ἐβουλεύσατο.. π. μνήμονας SIG45.8
(Halic., v B. C.), cf. IG7.15.1 (Megara, ii B. C.); γράφεσθαι αὐτὸν κλοπῆς.. π. τοὺς ἐπιμελητάς ib.12.65.46; ἀτέλειαν εἶναι αὐτῷ καὶ δίκας π. τὸν πολέμαρχον ib.153.7; λόγον διδόντων τῶν.. χρημάτων.. π. τοὺς λογιστάς ib.91.27; before a jury,ἔστι δὲ τούτοις μὲν π. ὑμᾶς ἁγών, ὑμῖν δὲ π. ἅπασαν τὴν πόλιν Lys. 26.14
;ἀντιδικῆσαι τῷ παιδὶ.. π. ὑμᾶς Is.11.19
codd. (dub.); before a witness to whom an appeal for corroboration is made, Id.3.25; ([place name] Elis); φέρρεν αὐτὸν πὸ (τ) τὸν Δία in the eyes of Zeus, ib.415.7(ibid.); λαχεῖν πρὸς τὸν ἄρχοντα, γράφεσθαι π. τοὺς θεσμοθέτας, D.43.15, Lex ib.21.47, cf. Arist.Ath.56.6;τοῖς ἐμπόροις εἶναι τὰς δίκας π. τοὺς θεσμοθέτας D.33.1
; θέντων τὰ.. ποτήρια.. π. Πολύχαρμον having pawned the cups with P., IPE12.32A15 (Olbia, iii B. C.); alsoδιαβάλλειν τινὰ π. τοὺς πολλούς X. Mem. 1.2.31
, cf. D.7.33.II of Time, towards or near a certain time, at or about,ποτὶ ἕσπερα Od.17.191
;ποτὶἕσπερον Hes.Op. 552
;πρὸς ἑσπέραν Pl.R. 328a
;ἐπεὶ π. ἑσπέραν ἦν X.HG4.3.22
;π. ἡμέραν Id.An.4.5.21
;π. ὄρθρον Ar.Lys. 1089
; ποτ' ὄρθρον (nisi leg. πότορθρον) Theoc.5.126, Erinn. in PSI9.1090.48 + 8 (p.xii); ; π.ἀῶ ἐγρέσθαι, π. ἡμέραν ἐξεγρέσθαι, Theoc.18.55, Pl.Smp. 223c; π. γῆρας, π. τὸ γῆρας, in old age, E.Med. 592, Pl.Lg. 653a; π. εὐάνθεμον φυάν in the bloom of life, Pi.O.1.67; μέχρις ὅτου π. γυναῖκας ὦσι, i.e.of marriageable age, IG22.1368.41: later, π.τὸ παρόν for the moment, Luc.Ep. Sat.28, etc.; v. infr. 111.5.III of Relation between two objects,1 in reference to, in respect of, touching, τὰ π. τὸν πόλεμον military matters, equipments, etc., Th.2.17, etc.; τὰ π. τὸν βασιλέα our relations to the King, D.14.2; τὰ π. βασιλέα πράγματα the negotiations with the King, Th.1.128; τὰ π. τοὺς θεούς our relations, i.e. duties, to the gods, S.Ph. 1441;μέτεστι π. τὰ ἴδια διάφορα πᾶσι τὸ ἴσον.. ἐλευθέρως δὲ τὰ π. τὸ κοινὸν πολιτεύομεν Th.2.37
;οὐδὲν διοίσει π. τὸ γενέσθαι..
in respect of..,Arist.
APr. 24a25, cf. Pl.Phd. 111b; ἕτερος λόγος, οὐ π. ἐμέ that is another matter, and does not concern me, D.18.44, cf. 21,60, Isoc.4.12; τῶν φορέτρων ὄντων π. ἐμέ freightage shall be my concern, i.e. borne by me, PAmh.91.18 (ii A. D.);π. τοῦτον ἦν ἡ τῶν διαφόρων πρᾶξις LXX 2 Ma.4.28
; ἐὰν.. βοᾷ καὶ σχετλιάζῃ μηδὲν π. τὸ πρᾶγμα, nihil ad rem, D.40.61; οὐδὲν π. τὸν Διόνυσον Prov. ap.Plb.39.2.3, Suid.; οὐδὲν αὐτῷ π. τὴν πόλιν ἐστίν he owes no reckoning to the State, D.21.44;λόγος ἐστὶν ἐμοὶ π. Ἀθηναίους Philonid. 1
D.;π. Ἰάσονά ἐστιν αὐτῷ περὶ τῆς τιμῆς PHamb.27.8
(iii B. C.), cf. PCair.Zen.150.18 (iii B. C.); ἔσται αὐτῷ π. τὸν Θεόν (sc. ὁ λόγος ) he shall have to reckon with God, Supp.Epigr.6.188, cf. 194, al. ([place name] Eumenia); without αὐτῷ, ib.236 ([place name] Phrygia);ἔσται π. τὴν Τριάδαν MAMA1.168
, cf. Supp.Epigr.6.302 (Laodicea Combusta); ἕξει π. τὸν Θεόν ib.300, al. (ibid.); ἕξει π. τὴν ἐωνίαν κρίσιν ib.4.733 ([place name] Eukhaita), cf. 6.841 ([place name] Cyprus);π. πολλοὺς ἔχων ἀγωνιστάς Suid.
s.v. ὅσα μῦς ἐν πίσσῃ, cf. 2 Ep.Cor.5.12: with Advbs.,ἀσφαλῶς ἔχειν π. τι X.Mem.1.3.14
, etc.; [τὸ or τὰ] πρός τι, the relative term or terms, Arist.Cat. 1b25, 6a36, al.; τὸ π. τι, Pythag. name for two, Theol.Ar.8; π. ἡμᾶς relatively to us, opp. ἁπλῶς, Arist.APo. 72a1; ὀρθὸς πρός or ποτί c. acc., perpendicular to, Archim.Sph.Cyl.2.3, Spir.20; ἁ Δζ ποτὶ τὰν ΑΔ ἀμβλεῖαν ποιεῖ γωνίαν ib.16.2 in reference to, in consequence of,πρὸς τοῦτο τὸ κήρυγμα Hdt.3.52
, cf. 4.161;π. τὴν φήμην
in view of..,Id.
3.153, cf. Th.8.39;χαλεπαίνειν π. τι Id.2.59
;ἀθύμως ἔχειν π. τι X.HG4.5.4
, etc.: with neut. Pron.,π. τί;
wherefore? to what end?S.
OT 766, 1027, etc.; π. οὐδέν for nothing, in vain, Id.Aj. 1018; π. οὐδὲν ἀναγκαῖον unnecessarily, Sch.Il.9.23;π. ταῦτα
therefore, this being so,Hdt.
5.9,40, A.Pr. 915, 992, S.OT 426, etc.; cf. οὗτος c. v111.1b.3 in reference to or for a purpose,ἕστηκεν.. μῆλα π. σφαγάς A.Ag. 1057
; χρήσιμος, ἱκανὸς π. τι, Pl.Grg. 474d, Prt. 322b;ὡς π. τί χρείας; S.OT 1174
, cf. OC71, Tr. 1182;ἕτοιμος π. τι X.Mem.4.5.12
;ἱκανῶς ὡς π. τὴν παροῦσαν χρείαν Arist. Cael. 269b21
;ἢν ἀρήγειν φαίνηται π. τὴν σύμπασαν νοῦσον Hp.Acut. 60
; ποιεῖ π. ἐπιλημπτικούς is efficacious for cases of epilepsy, Dsc.1.6;ἐθέλοντες τὰ π. τὴν νοῦσον ἡδέα μᾶλλον ἢ τὰ π. τὴν ὑγιείην προσδέχεσθαι Hp. de Arte7
.b with a view to or for a future time,ὅπως.. γράμματα δῷ π. ἢν ἂν ἡμέραν ἑκάτεροι παραγίνωνται SIG679.62
(Senatus consultum, ii B. C.);θαυμάζεται τὰ Περικλέους ἔργα π. πολὺν χρόνον ἐν ὀλίγῳ γενόμενα Plu.Per.13
.c = πρός B. 11,ἐγίνετο π. ἀναζογήν Plb.3.92.8
;ὄντων π. τὸ κωλύειν Id.1.26.3
, cf. 1.29.3, al., Plu.Nic.5.4 in proportion or relation to, in comparison with,κοῖός τις δοκέοι ἀνὴρ εἶναι π. τὸν πατέρα Κῦρον Hdt.3.34
;ἔργα λόγου μέζω π. πᾶσαν χώρην Id.2.35
;π. πάντας τοὺς ἄλλους Id.3.94
, 8.44;πολλὴν ἂν οἶμαι ἀπιστίαν τῆς δυνάμεως.. π. τὸ κλέος αὐτῶν εἶναι Th.1.10
, cf. Pi.O.2.88, Pl. Prt. 327d, 328c, Phd. 102c, etc.; π. τὰς μεγίστας καὶ ἐλαχίστας ναῦς τὸ μέσον σκοπεῖν the mean between.., Th.1.10;τὸ κάλλιστον τῶν ἔργων π. τὸ αἴσχιστον συμβαλεῖν Lycurg.68
;ἓν π. ἓν συμβάλλειν Hdt.4.50
; alsoἔχεις π. τὰ ἔτη μέλαιναν τὴν τρίχα Thphr. Char.2.3
;ἐνδεεστέρως ἢ π. τὴν ἐξουσίαν Th.4.39
: also of mathematical ratio, οἷος ὁ πρῶτος (sc. ὅρος)ποτὶ τὸν δεύτερον, καὶ ὁ δεύτερος ποτὶ τὸν τρίτον Archyt.2
, cf. Philol.11, Pl.Ti. 36b, Arist.Rh. 1409a4, al., Euc. 5 Def.4, etc.; πρὸς παρεὸν.. μῆτις ἀέξεται ἀνθρώποισι in proportion to the existing (physical development), Emp.106: also of price, value, πωλεῖσθαι δὶς π. ἀργύριον sells twice against or relatively to silver, i.e. for twice its weight in silver, Thphr.HP9.6.4;πωλεῖται ὁ σταθμὸς αὐτοῦ π. διπλοῦν ἀργύριον Dsc.1.19
; [ἡ μαργαρῖτις λίθος] πωλεῖται.. π. χρυσίον for its weight in gold, Androsthenes ap.Ath.3.93b: metaph.,π. ἀρετήν Pl.Phd. 69a
; ὅπως π. τὰς τιμὰς τῶν κριθῶν τὰ ἄλφιτα πωλήσουσι on the basis of the price of barley, Arist.Ath.51.3; ἐξέστω αὐτοῦ ἀπογραφὴ τῆς οὐσίας π. τοῦτο τὸ ἀργύριον Ἀθηναίων τῷ βουλομένῳ property equal in value to this silver, IG22.1013.14, cf. PHib. 1.32.9 (iii B. C.), IG5(1).1390.78 (Andania, i B. C.);τῶν ἐγγύων τῶν ἐγγυωμένων π. [αὐτὰ] τὰ κτήματα SIG364.42
(Ephesus, iii B. C.);θέντων τὰ ποτήρια π. χρυσοῦς ἑκατόν IPE12.32A16
(Olbia, iii B. C.); τοὺς ἀπαγομένους εἰς φυλακὴν π. τὰ χρέα imprisoned for debt, Plb. 38.11.10, cf. 1.72.5, 5.27.4,5,7,5.108.1, PTeb.707.9 (ii B. C.);τοὺς π. καταδίκας ἐκπεπτωκότας Plb.25.3.1
, cf. SIG742.31 (Ephesus, i B. C.);ἐγδίδομεν τὸ ἔργον.. π. χαλκόν IG7.3073.6
(Lebad., ii B. C.), cf. PSI5.356.7 (iii B. C.), PTeb. 825 (a).16 (ii B. C.), Sammelb.5106.3 (ii B. C.);οἷον π. ἀργύριον τὴν δόξαν τὰς ψυχὰς ἀποδιδόμενοι Jul. Or.1.42b
; π. ἅλας ἠγορασμένος, i.e. 'dirt cheap', Men.828 (also π. ἅλα δειπνεῖν καὶ κύαμον, i.e. dine frugally, take pot-luck, Plu.2.684f); soἡδονὰς π. ἡδονὰς.. καταλλάττεσθαι Pl.Phd. 69a
; of measurements of time by the flow from the clepsydra,π. ἕνδεκα ἀμφορέας ἐν διαμεμετρημένῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ κρίνομαι Aeschin.2.126
, cf. Arist.Ath.67.2,3,69.2;λεγέσθω τᾶς δίκας ὁ μὲν πρᾶτος λόγος ἑκατέροις ποτὶ χόας δεκαοκτώ SIG953.17
(Calymna, ii B. C.); λεξάντων πρὸς τὴν τήρησιν τοῦ ὕδατος ib.683.60 (Olympia, ii B. C.); π. κλεψύδραν Eub.p.182 K., Epin. 2;π. κλεψύδρας Arist.Po. 1451a8
;π. ὀλίγον ὕδωρ ἀναγκαζόμενος λέγειν D.41.30
; hence later, π. ὀλίγον for a short time,ἐπανεῖναι π. ὀλίγον τὴν πολιορκίαν J.BJ5.9.1
, cf. Alex.Aphr. in Top.560.2, Hld.2.19, POxy67.14 (iv A.D.), Orib.Fr.116, Gp.4.15.8; π.ὀλίγον καιρόν, χρόνον, Antyll. ap. Orib.9.24.26, Paul.Aeg.Prooem.; π. ὀλίγον ἐστὶ τὸ ζῆν Poet. in Mus.Script.p.452 von Jan;μήτηρ δ' ἦν π. μικρόν Sammelb. 7288.4
([place name] Ptolemaic);π. βραχύ Jul.Or.1.47b
(but π. βραχὺ παρηβηκυίας (by) a little past their best, Gp.4.15.3);π. βραχὺν καιρόν Iamb. Protr. 21
.κα'; π. τὸ ἀκαρές Porph.Gaur.3.3
;π. μίαν ἢ δευτέραν ἡμέραν Dsc. 2.101
, cf. Sor.1.56;π. δύο ἡμέρας ἐκοίμησα ἐκεῖ BGU775.8
(ii A. D.);π.μόνην τὴν ἐνεστῶσαν ἡμέραν Sammelb. 7399
(ii A.D.), cf. M.Ant.12.4;προστιμάσθω π. χρόνον μὴ εἰσελθεῖν ὅσον ἂν δόξῃ IG22.1368.89
.5 in or by reference to, according to, in view of,π. τὸ παρεὸν βουλεύεσθαι Hdt. 1.20
, cf. 113, Th.6.46,47, IG22.1.20, etc.;π. τὴν παροῦσαν ἀρρωστίαν Th.7.47
;ἵνα π. τὸν ὑπάρχοντα καιρὸν ἕκαστα θεωρῆτε D.18.17
, cf. 314, etc.;εἴ τι δεῖ τεκμαίρεσθαι π. τὸν ἄλλον τρόπον Id.27.22
; τοῖς π. ὑμᾶς ζῶσι those who live with your interests in view, Id.19.226;ἐλευθέρου τὸ μὴ π. ἄλλον ζῆν Arist.Rh. 1367a32
;π. τοῦτον πάντ' ἐσκόπουν, π. τοῦτον ἐποιοῦντο τὴν εἰρήνην D.19.63
; τὸ παιδεύεσθαι π. τὰς πολιτείας suitably to them, Arist.Pol. 1310a14; ὁρῶ.. ἅπαντας π. τὴν παροῦσαν δύναμιν τῶν δικαίων ἀξιουμένους according to their power, D.15.28;π. τὰς τύχας γὰρ τὰς φρένας κεκτήμεθα
according to..,E.
Hipp. 701; πὸς τὰς συνθέσις in accordance with the agreements, IG5(2).343.41,60 (Orchom. Arc.); τὸν δικαστὰν ὀμνύντα κρῖναι πορτὶ τὰ μωλιόμενα having regard to the pleadings, Leg.Gort.5.44, cf. 9.30; αἱ ἀρχαὶ.. πρὸς τὰ κατεσκευασμένα σύμβολα σηκώματα ποιησάμεναι after making weights and measures in accordance with, or by reference to, the established standards, IG22.1013.7; π. τὰ στάθμια τὰ ἐν τῷ ἀργυροκοπίῳ as measured by the weights in the mint, ib. 30, cf. PAmh.43.10 (ii B. C.); [Εόλων] ἐποίησε σταθμὰ π. τὸ νόμισμα made (trade-) weights on the basis of (i.e. proportional to) the coinage, Arist.Ath.10.2;ὀρθὸν π. τὸν διαβήτην IG22.1668.9
, cf. 95,7.3073.108 (Lebad., ii B. C.); π. τὸ δικαιότατον in accordance with the most just principle, D.C.Fr.104.6.6 with the accompaniment of musical instruments,π. κάλαμον Pi.O.10(11).84
; π. αὐλόν or τὸν αὐλόν, E.Alc. 346, X.Smp.6.3, etc.;π. λύραν.. ᾄδειν SIG662.13
(Delos, ii B. C.); π. ῥυθμὸν ἐμβαίνειν to step in time, D.S.5.34.7 [full] πρός c.acc. freq. periphr. for Adv., π. βίαν, = βιαίως, under compulsion,νῦν χρὴ.. τινα π. βίαν πώνην Alc.20
(s.v.l.);π. βίαν ἐπίνομεν Ar.Ach.73
;τὸ π. βίαν πίνειν ἴσον πέφυκε τῷ διψῆν κακόν S.Fr. 735
; ἥκω.. π. βίαν under compulsion, Critias 16.10 D.; by force, forcibly, A.Pr. 210, 355, etc.; οὐ π. βίαν τινός not forced by any one, Id.Eu.5 (but also, in spite of any one, S.OC 657);π. τὸ βίαιον A.Ag. 130
(lyr.);π. τὸ καρτερόν Id.Pr. 214
; π. ἀλκήν, π. ἀνάγκαν, Id.Th. 498, Pers. 569 (lyr.);οὐ διαχωρέεει [ἡ γαστὴρ] εἰ μὴ π. ἀνάγκην Hp. Prog.8
,19;π. ἰσχύος κράτος S.Ph. 594
;π. ἡδονὴν εἶναί τινι A.Pr. 494
; π. ἡδονὴν λέγειν, δημηγορεῖν, so as to please, Th.2.65, S.El. 921, D.4.38, cf. E.Med. 773;οἱ πάντα π. ἡδονὴν ἐπαινοῦντες Arist.EN 1126b13
;ἅπαντα π. ἡδ. ζητεῖν D.1.15
, cf. 18.4; λούσασθαι τὸ σῶμα π. ἡδ. as much or little as one like s, Hp.Mul.2.133;πίνειν π. ἡδ. Pl. Smp. 176e
; π. τὸ τερπνόν calculated to delight, Th.2.53; π. χάριν so as to gratify,μήτε π. ἔχθραν ποιεῖσθαι λόγον μήτε π. χ. D.8.1
, cf. S.OT 1152;π. χάριν δημηγορεῖν D.3.3
, etc.: c. gen. rei, π. χάριν τινός for the sake of,π. χ. βορᾶς S.Ant.30
, cf. Ph. 1156 (lyr.);π. ἰσχύος χ.
by means of,E.
Med. 538; π. ὀργήν with anger, angrily, S.El. 369, Th.2.65, D.53.16 (v.l.);π. ὀργὴν ἐλθεῖν τινι Id.39.23
, etc.; π. τὸ λιπαρές importunately, S.OC 1119;π. εὐσέβειαν Id.El. 464
; π. καιρόν seasonably, Id.Aj.38, etc.;π. φύσιν Id.Tr. 308
; π. εὐτέλειαν cheaply, Antiph.226.2; π. μέρος in due proportion, D.36.32;π. ὀλίγον μέρος Gp.2.15.1
; τέτραπτο π. ἰθύ οἱ straight towards him, Il.14.403; π. ὀρθὰς (sc. γωνίας ( .. τῇ AEB at right angles to, Arist.Mete. 373a14, cf. Euc.1.11, Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.3;π. ὀρθὴν τέμνουσα Arist.Mete. 363b2
; π. ἀχθηδόνα, π. ἀπέχθειαν, Luc.Tox.9, Hist.Conscr.38; γυνὴ π. ἀλήθειαν οὖσα in truth a woman, a very woman, Ath.15.687a, cf. Luc. JTr.48, Alex.61: c. [comp] Sup., π. τὰ μέγιστα in the highest degree, Hdt.8.20.8 of Numbers. up to, about, Plb.16.7.5, etc.: cf. πρόσπου.D ABS. AS ADV., besides, over and above; in Hom. always π. δέ or ποτὶ δέ, Il.5.307, 10.108, al., cf. Hdt.1.71, etc.; π. δὲ καί ib. 164, 207;π. δὲ ἔτι Id.3.74
;καὶ π. Id.7.154
, 184, prob. in A.Ch. 301, etc.;καὶ π. γε E.Hel. 110
, Pl.R. 328a, 466e;καὶ.. γε π. A.Pr.73
;καὶ δὴ π. Hdt.5.67
; freq. at the end of a second clause,τάδε λέγω, δράσω τε π. E.Or. 622
;ἀλογία.., καὶ ἀμαθία γε π. Pl.Men. 90e
, cf. E.Ph. 610;ἐνενήκοντα καὶ μικρόν τι π. D.4.28
, cf. 22.60.E IN COMPOS.,I motion towards, as προσάγω, προσέρχομαι, etc.II addition, besides, as προσκτάομαι, προσδίδωμι, προστίθημι, etc.III a being on, at, by, or beside: hence, a remaining beside, and metaph. connexion and engagement with anything, as πρόσειμι, προσγίγνομαι, etc.F REMARKS,1 in poetry πρός sts. stands after its case and before an attribute,ποίμνας βουστάσεις τε π. πατρός A.Pr. 653
, cf. Th. 185, S.OT 178 (lyr.), E.Or.94; ἄστυ πότι (or ποτὶ)σφέτερον Il.17.419
, cf. Pi.O.4.5.2 in Hom. it is freq. separated from its Verb by tmesis. -
24 ἔχω
ἔχω (A), [ per.] 2sg. ἔχεισθα cj. in Thgn. 1316 ( ἔχοισθα cod.), ἔχῃσθα cj. in Sapph.21 ( ἔχεισθα cod.); [ per.] 2sg. subj.Aἔχῃσθα Il.19.180
: [tense] impf. εἶχον, [dialect] Ep.ἔχον Od.2.22
, al., [dialect] Ion. and poet.ἔχεσκον Il.13.257
, Hdt.6.12, Epigr.Gr.988.6 ([place name] Balbilla): [tense] fut. ἕξω, [dialect] Ep. inf.ἑξέμεναι Call.Aet.3.1.27
(of duration) or σχήσω (of momentary action, esp. in sense check, v. infr. A. 11.9, not found in [dialect] Att. Inscrr. or NT); [ per.] 2sg. codd.: [tense] aor. 1 ἔσχης α f.l.in Nonn.D.17.177, alsoἔσχα IG3.1363.6
, 14.1728, [ per.] 3pl. μετ-έσχαν ib.12(7).271.12 (Amorgos, iii A.D.): [tense] aor. 2 ἔσχον, imper. , E.Hipp. 1353 (anap.) ( σχέ only in Orac. ap. Sch.E.Ph. 638 (dub.l.), sts. in compds. in codd., as , ); subj.σχῶ Il.21.309
, etc.; opt.σχοίην Isoc. 1.45
, in compds. σχοῖμι (asμετάσχοιμι S.OC 1484
(lyr.),κατάσχοιμεν Th.6.11
); [ per.] 3pl.σχοίησαν Hyp.Eux.32
,σχοῖεν Th.6.33
; inf.σχεῖν Il. 16.520
, etc., [dialect] Ep.σχέμεν 8.254
(in Alexandr. Gr. [ per.] 3pl. [tense] impf. and [tense] aor. 2εἴχοσαν AP5.208
(Posidipp. or Asclep.), v.l. in Ev.Jo.15.22,ἔσχοσαν Scymn.695
): for the poet. form ἔσχεθον, v. Σχέθω: [tense] pf. , εἴσχηκα in Inscrr. of iii/i B.C., SIG679.54, etc.; [dialect] Ep. ὄχωκα is dub., v. συνόχωκα:—[voice] Med., [tense] impf.εἰχόμην Pi.P.4.244
, etc.: [tense] fut.ἕξομαι Il.9.102
, etc.; σχήσομαι ib. 235, Ar.Av. 1335, more freq. in compds. ( ἀνα-) A.Th. 252, ( παρα-) Lys.9.8, etc.: [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. παρ-έσχημαι in med. sense, X.An.7.6.11, etc.: [tense] aor. 2ἐσχόμην Hom.
, Hdt.6.85, rare in [dialect] Att. exc. in compds.; imper.σχέο Il.21.379
,σχέσθε 22.416
, later σχοῦ in compds. ( ἀνά- ) E. lon947, etc.; inf.σχέσθαι Od.4.422
, Hes.Fr.79:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. [voice] Med. ἐν-έξομαι in pass. sense, E.Or. 516, D.51.11, laterσχεθήσομαι Gal.UP15.3
, freq. in compds. (συ- ) Phld.Ir.p.83 W., (ἐν- ) Plu.2.98 of, ( ἐπι-) S.E.P.1.186: [tense] aor. 1ἐσχέθην Arr.An.5.7.4
, 6.11.2, Aret.SA2.5, (κατ-, συν-) Plu.Sol. 21, Hp.Int. 45 vulg.: [tense] fut. [voice] Med. σχήσομαι in pass. sense, Il.9.235 (dub.), 655, 13.630: [tense] aor. 2 [voice] Med. in pass. sense,ἐσχόμην Il.17.696
, al., Hdt. 1.31 (σχέτο Il.7.248
, 21.345), part.σχόμενος Od.11.279
, prob. in Isoc.19.11, ( κατα-) Pi.P.1.10, Pl.Phdr. 244e, Parth.33.2 (s.v.l.): [tense] pf.ἔσχημαι Paus.4.21.2
; also in compds., freq. written - ίσχημαι, -ήσχημαι in codd. of late authors. (I.-E. seĝh- (cf. Skt. sáhate 'overpower', Goth. sigis 'victory', Gr. ἔχ- dissim. fr. ἔχ-), reduced form sĝh-(σχ-), whence redupl. ἴσχω ( = si-sĝh-o) (q.v.): cf. ἕκ-τωρ, ἕξω, ἕξις; but hέχ- IG12.374.161, al., is a mere error (ἔχ- ib.12.116.4, 16).)A Trans., have, hold:I possess, of property, the most common usage, Od.2.336, 16.386, etc.; οἵ τι ἔχοντες the propertied class, Hdt.6.22; ὁ ἔχων a wealthy man, S.Aj. 157 (anap.);οἱ ἔχοντες E.Alc.57
, Ar.Eq. 1295, Pl. 596; οἱ οὐκ ἔχοντες the poor, E.Supp. 240;κακὸν τὸ μὴ 'χειν Id.Ph. 405
; ἔχειν χρέα to have debts due to one, D. 36.41, cf. 37.12; to have received,θεῶν ἄπο κάλλος ἐ. h.Ven.77
;τι ἔκ τινος S.OC 1618
;παρά τινος Id.Aj. 663
;πρός τινος X.An.7.6.33
, etc.;ὑπὸ.. θεοῖσι h.Ap. 191
; πλέον, ἔλασσον ἔ.. (v. h. vv.): in [tense] aor., acquire, get, : also [tense] fut.σχήσω, δύναμιν Th.6.6
;λέχος E.Hel.30
, cf. Pi.P.9.116:—[voice] Pass., to be possessed,ἔντεα.. μετὰ Τρώεσσιν ἔχονται Il.18.130
, cf. 197.2 keep, have charge of,ἔχον πατρώϊα ἔργα Od. 2.22
;κῆπον 4.737
;Εἰλείθυιαι.. ὠδῖνας ἔχουσαι Il.11.271
;πύλαι.., ἃς ἔχον Ὧραι 5.749
, 8.393;τὰς ἀγέλας X.Cyr.7.3.7
; διαιτητῶν ἐχόντων τὰς δίκας having control of, D.47.45; to be engaged in, φυλακὰς ἔχον kept watch, Il.9.1, 471;σκοπιὴν ἔχεν Od.8.302
;ἀλαοσκοπιὴν εἶχε Il. 10.515
, 13.10; σκοπιὴν ἔ. τινός for a thing, Hdt.5.13;δυσμενῶν θήραν ἔχων S.Aj. 564
, etc.; ἐν χερσὶν ἔ. τι (v. χείρ).b metaph., of a patient, οὐκ ἔχει ἑωυτόν is not himself, Hp.Int.49.3 c. acc. loci, inhabit,οὐρανόν Il.21.267
;Ὄλυμπον 5.890
; haunt, [Νύμφαι] ἔχουσ' ὀρέων αἰπεινὰ κάρηνα Od.6.123
;Βρόμιος ἔχει τὸν χῶρον A.Eu.24
; esp. of tutelary gods and heroes, Th.2.74, X.Cyr.8.3.24; of men,πόλιν καὶ γαῖαν Od.6.177
, 195, etc.; Θήβας ἔσχον ( ἔσχεν codd.) ruled it, E.HF 4; ἔχεις γὰρ χῶρον occupiest it, S.OC37, cf. Od.23.46; in military sense, ἔ. τὸ δεξιόν (with or without κέρας) Th.3.107, X.An.2.1.15; of beasts,τὰ ὄρη ἔ. Id.Cyn.5.12
.4 have to wife or as husband (usu. without γυναῖκα, ἄνδρα), οὕνεκ' ἔχεις Ἑλένην καί σφιν γαμβρὸς Διός ἐσσι Od. 4.569
, cf.7.313, Il.3.53, etc.;ἔσχε ἄλλην ἀδελφεήν Hdt.3.31
, cf. Th.2.29;νυμφίον Call.Aet.3.1.27
; also of a lover, Th.6.54, AP5.185 (Posidipp.), etc.;ἔχω Λαΐδα, ἀλλ' οὐκ ἔχομαι Aristipp.
ap. D.L.2.75, cf. Ath. 12.544d:—in [voice] Pass.,τοῦ περ θυγάτηρ ἔχεθ' Ἕκτορι Il.6.398
.6 [tense] pres. part. with Verbs, almost, = with,ἤϊε ἔχων ταῦτα Hdt.3.128
, cf. 2.115;ὃς ἂν ἥκῃ ἔχων στρατόν Id.7.8
.δ', cf. X.Cyr.1.6.10.—Prose use.7 of Place, ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ ἔ. τι keep it on one's left, i.e. to keep to the right of it, Od.3.171;ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ χειρὸς ἔ. 5.277
; ἐν δεξιᾷ, ἐν ἀριστερᾷ ἔ., Th.3.106; τοὺς οἰκέτας ὑστάτους ἔ. X.Cyr.4.2.2: but in [tense] aor., get,περιπλώοντες τὴν Λιβύην τὸν ἥλιον ἔσχον ἐς τὰ δεξιά Hdt.4.42
.8 of Habits, States, or Conditions, bodily or mental,γῆρας λυγρὸν ἔ Od.24.250
;ἀνεκτὸν ἔχει κακόν 20.83
;ἕλκος Il.16.517
;λύσσαν 9.305
;μάχην ἔ. 14.57
;ἀρετῆς πέρι δῆριν ἔ. Od.24.515
; ὕβριν ἔ. indulge in.., 1.368, etc.; [ Ἀφροδίτην] 22.445; [φρένας] ἔ. Il.13.394
, etc.;βουλήν 2.344
;τλήμονα θυμόν 5.670
; , cf. Od.14.490 (for later senses of νοῦν ἔχειν, v. νοῦς); ἄλγεα Il.5.895
, etc.;ἄχεα θυμῷ 3.412
;πένθος μετὰ φρεσίν 24.105
;πένθος φρεσίν Od.7.219
;πόνον.. καὶ ὀϊζύν Il.13.2
, Od.8.529;οὐδὲν βίαιον Hdt.3.15
;πρήγματα ἔ. Id.7.147
, cf. Pl.Tht. 174b, etc.: in periphrastic phrases, ποθὴν ἔ. τινός, = ποθεῖν, Il.6.362; ἐπιδευὲς ἔ. τινός, = ἐπιδεύεσθαι, 19.180; ἔ. τέλος, = τελεῖσθαι, 18.378; κότον ἔ. τινί, = κοτεῖσθαι, 13.517;ἐπιθυμίαν τινός E.Andr. 1281
;φροντίδα τινός Id.Med. 1301
; ἡσυχίην ἔ. keep quiet, Hdt.2.45, etc. ([tense] fut.ἡσυχίαν ἕξειν D.47.29
, but οὐκ ἔσθ' ὅπως.. ἡ. σχήσει will not keep still for a moment, Id.1.14); αἰτίαν ἔ. to be accused, X.An.7.1.8;ὑπό τινος A.Eu.99
(but μομφὴν ἔ., = μέμφεσθαι, E.Or. 1069, A.Pr. 445): in [tense] aor., of entering upon a state, ἔσχεν χόλον conceived anger, B. 5.104; ἔχειν τι κατά τινος have something against somebody, Ev.Matt.5.23, Ev.Marc.11.25, Apoc.2.4;ἔχω τι πρός τινα Act.Ap.24.19
;ἔχειν πρός τινα 2 Ep.Cor.5.12
;ἕξει πρὸς τὸν Θεόν JRS14.85
([place name] Laodicea): —these phrases are freq. inverted,οὓς ἔχε γῆρας Il.18.515
;οὐδὲ Ποσειδάωνα γέλως ἔχε Od.8.344
;ἀμηχανίη δ' ἔχε θυμόν 9.295
;θάμβος δ' ἔχεν εἰσορόωντας Il.4.79
;σ' αὔτως κλέος ἐσθλὸν ἔχει 17.143
;Διὸς αἴσῃ, ἥ μ' ἕξει παρὰ νηυσί 9.609
(unless the antecedent is τιμῆς in 1.608);ὥς σφεας ἡσυχίη τῆς πολιορκίης ἔσχε Hdt.6.135
;ὄφρα με βίος ἔχῃ S.El. 225
(lyr.): c. dupl. acc.,φόβος μ' ἔχει φρένας A.Supp. 379
; also of external objects,αἴθρη ἔχει κορυφήν Od.12.76
;μιν ἔχεν μένος ἠελίοιο 10.160
;σε οἶνος ἔχει φρένας 18.331
; ἔχῃ βέλος ὀξὺ γυναῖκα, of a woman in travail, Il.11.269; λόγος ἔχει τινά c. inf., the story goes, that.., S.OC 1573 (lyr.); and so in later Gr., Plu.Dem.28, Ph. 1.331, Ael.VH3.14, NA5.42, Ath.13.592e;ὡς ἡ φάτις μιν ἔχει Hdt. 7.3
, cf. 5,26, 9.78 (but also ; [Κλεισθένης] λόγον ἔχει τὴν Πυθίην ἀναπεῖσαι Id.5.66
); ὡς ἂν λόγος ἔχῃ πρὸς ἀνθρώπους, ὅτι .. Plu.Alex.38:—[voice] Pass.,ἔχεσθαι κακότητι καὶ ἄλγεσι Od.8.182
;κωκυτῷ καὶ οἰμωγῇ Il.22.409
;ὀργῇ Hdt.1.141
;νούσῳ Hp.Epid.5.6
;ἀγρυπνίῃσι Hdt.3.129
;ὑπὸ πυρετοῦ Hp.Aph.4.34
;ὑπὸ τοῦ ὕδρωπος Id.Prorrh.2.6
,ἐν ἀπόρῳ Th.1.25
;ἐν συμφοραῖς Pl.R. 395e
.9 possess mentally, understand,ἵππων δμῆσιν Il.17.476
; ;πάντ' ἔχεις λόγον A. Ag. 582
, cf. E.Alc.51;ἔχετε τὸ πρᾶγμα S.Ph. 789
; ἔχεις τι; do you understand? Ar.Nu. 733: imper. ἔχε attend! listen! Pl.Alc.1.109b; ἔ. οὖν ib. 129b: with imper., ;ἔ. νυν, ἄλειψον Id.Eq. 490
; ἔχεις τοῦτο ἰσχυρῶς; Pl.Tht. 154a; know of a thing,μαντικῆς ὁδόν S.OT 311
; τινὰ σωτηρίαν; E.Or. 778 (troch.).10 keep up, maintain, καναχὴν ἔχε made a rattling noise, Il.16.105, 794; βοὴν ἔχον, of flutes and lyres, 18.495.11 involve, admit of, , cf. Th.1.5;βάσανον Lys.12.31
;ταῦτ' ἀπιστίαν, ταῦτ' ὀργὴν ἔχει D.10.44
; ἀγανάκτησιν, κατάμεμψιν, Th.2.41;τὰ ἀόρατα νοσήματα δυσχερεστέραν ἔχει τὴν θεραπείαν Onos. 1.15
.12 of Measure or Value,τὸ Δαμαρέτειον.. εἶχε Ἀττικὰς δραχμὰς δέκα D.S.11.26
;ἔχει τὸ Εὐβοϊκὸν τάλαντον Ἀλεξανδρείους δραχμὰς ἑπτακισχιλίας App.Sic.2.2
;χοῖρος ἔχων τὸ ὕψος δύο καὶ ἡμίσους πήχεων Ptol.Euerg.9
.b Geom., ἡ ἔχουσα τὰ κέντρα the (straight line) containing the centres, Archim.Aequil.1.6; ὁ κύκλος ἔχων τὸ πολύγωνον the circle containing (circumscribing) the polygon, Id.Sph.Cyl.1.23.13 c. dupl.acc.,Ὀρφέα ἄνακτ' ἔχειν E.Hipp. 953
;Ζῆν' ἔχειν ἐπώμοτον S.Tr. 1188
;παιδιὰν ἔ. τὸν ἐκείνου θάνατον Seleuc.
Alex. ap. Ath.4.155e.II hold:1 hold, ἔ. χερσίν, ἐν χερσίν, μετὰ χερσίν, etc., v. χείρ; μετὰ γαμφηλῇσιν ἔ. Il.13.200; πρόσθεν ἔ. ἀσπίδα ib. 157; ὑψοῦ, πασάων ὑπέρ, ὄπιθεν κάρη ἔ., 6.509, Od.6.107, Il. 23.136; ἔ. τινί τι to hold it for him, as his helper, 9.209, 13.600; uphold,οὐρανὸν.. κεφαλῇ τε καὶ ἀκαμάτῃσι χέρεσσι Hes.Th. 517
, 746; ἔχει δέ τε κίονας of Atlas, Od.1.53;ἐπ' ὤμων πατέρα S.Fr.
373.2 hold fast, χειρὸς ἔχων Μενέλαον holding him by the hand, Il.4.154, cf. 16.763, 11.488 (v. infr. C.I); ἔ. τινὰ μέσον grip one by the middle, of wrestlers, Ar.Nu. 1047;ἔχομαι μέσος Id.Ach. 571
, cf. Eq. 388, Ra. 469: metaph., ἔ. φρεσί keep in one's mind, Il.2.33;νῷ ἔ. τινά Pl.Euthphr.2b
, cf. R. 490a.3 of arms and clothes, bear, wear,εἷμα δ' ἔχ' ἀμφ' ὤμοισι Il.18.538
, cf. 595;παρδαλέην ὤμοισιν ἔ. 3.17
;σάκος ὤμῳ 14.376
;κυνέην κεφαλῇ Od.24.231
;τάδε εἵματ' ἔχω 17.24
, cf. 573, etc.;στολὴν ἀμφὶ σῶμα E.Hel. 554
, cf. X.Cyr.1.4.26, etc.; πολιὰς ἔχω I am grey-haired, Aeschin.1.49: abs., as a category, Arist.Cat. 2a3.4 of a woman, to be pregnant, Hdt.5.41, Hp.Epid.4.21, Arist.Pol. 1335b18; in fullἐν γαστρὶ ἔ. Hdt.3.32
; alsoπρὸς ἑωυτῇ ἔχειν Hp.Epid.1.26
.ιγ.b παῖδα ἔσχεν she had, i.e. bore, a child, Nic.Dam.11 J.7 enclose,φρένες ἧπαρ ἔχουσι Od.9.301
;σάρκας τε καὶ ὀστέα ἶνες ἔ. 11.219
;τοὺς δ' ἄκραντος ἔχει νύξ A.Ch.65
(lyr.); of places, contain,θηρῶν οὓς ὅδ' ἔχει χῶρος S.Ph. 1147
(lyr.), cf. X.Cyn.5.4; [τεῖχος] νῆας ἐντὸς ἔχον Il.12.8
;ὅσσους Κρήτη ἐντὸς ἔχει h.Ap.30
.8 hold or keep in a certain direction, ὀϊστὸν ἔχε aimed it, Il.23.871; more fullyχεῖράς τε καὶ ἔγχεα.. ἀντίον ἀλλήλων 5.569
; of horses or ships, guide, drive, steer, , cf. 11.760;φόβονδε 8.139
;τῇ ῥα.. ἔχον ἵππους 5.752
, etc.;παρὲξ ἔχε δίφρον Hes.Sc. 352
;ὅπῃ ἔσχες.. εὐεργέα νῆα Od.9.279
;παρὰ τὴν ἤπειρον ἔ. νέας Hdt.6.95
, etc.: abs., τῇ ῥ' ἔχε that way he held his course, Il.16.378, cf. 23.422; Πύλονδ' ἔχον I held on to Pylos, Od.3.182, cf. S.El. 720: metaph.,ἐπὶ ῥητορείαν ἔσχε Hsch.Mil.
(?)ap.Sch.Pl.R. 600c; also (esp. in [tense] fut. σχήσω, [tense] aor. 2 ἔσχον), put in, land,νέες ἔσχον ἐς τὴν Ἀργολίδα χώρην Hdt. 6.92
;σχεῖν πρὸς τὴν Σαλαμῖνα Id.8.40
; ἐς Φειάν, τῷ Δήλῳ, κατὰ τὸ Ποσειδώνιον, Th.2.25,3.29, 4.129;τάχ' οὖν τις ἄκων ἔσχε S.Ph. 305
; ποῖ σχήσειν δοκεῖς; Ar.Ra. 188; ἔχε.. ἀρὰν ἐπ' ἄλλοις point it against others, S.Ph. 1119 (lyr.); ὄμμ' ἔ. to turn or keep one's eye fixed, Id.Aj. 191 (lyr.);ἐπὶ ἔργῳ θυμὸν ἔ. Hes.Op. 445
;ἄλλοσ' ὄμμα θητέρᾳ δὲ νοῦν ἔ. S.Tr. 272
;τὸν δὲ νοῦν ἐκεῖσ' ἔχει E.Ph. 360
; δεῦρο νοῦν ἔχε attend to this, Id.Or. 1181; πρός τινα or πρός τι τὸν νοῦν ἔ., Th.3.22, 7.19; soπρός τινα τὴν γνώμην ἔ. Id.3.25
.9 hold in, stay, keep back,ἵππους Il.4.302
, 16.712; check, stop, [ τινα] 23.720, etc. ( σχήσω is usu. [tense] fut. in this sense, , cf. Il.11.820, Ar.Lys. 284, D.19.272, butἕξω Il.13.51
); χεῖρας ἔχων Ἀχιλῆος holding his hands, 18.33; but οὐ σχήσει χεῖρας will not stay his hands, Od.22.70; ἔ. [δάκρυον] 16.191; ἔ. ὀδύνας allay, assuage them, Il.11.848;ἔσχε κῦμα Od.5.451
;σιγῇ μῦθον 19.502
(soεἶχε σιγῇ καὶ ἔφραζε οὐδενί Hdt.9.93
);ἐν φρεσὶ μῦθον Od.15.445
; στόμα σῖγα, ἐν ἡσυχίᾳ, E.Hipp. 660, Fr.773.61 (lyr.); ; πόδα ἔξω or ἐκτός τινος ἔχειν, v. πούς:—[voice] Pass.,οὖρα σχεθέντα Aret.SA 2.5
.10 keep away from, c. gen.rei, τινὰ ἀγοράων, νεῶν, Il.2.275, 13.687; ; : c.inf.,ἦ τινα.. σχήσω ἀμυνέμεναι Il.17.182
; stop, hinder from doing,τοῦ μὴ καταδῦναι X. An.3.5.11
, cf. HG4.8.5;ἔσχον μὴ κτανεῖν E.Andr. 686
, cf. Hdt.1.158, etc.;μὴ οὐ τάδ' ἐξειπεῖν E.Hipp. 658
; ὥστε μή .. X.An.3.5.11;τὸ μὴ ἀδικεῖν A.Eu. 691
, cf. Hdt.5.101: also c. part.,ἔ. τινὰ βουθυτοῦντα S.OC 888
(troch.); .11 keep back, withhold a thing,ὅς οἱ χρήματα εἶχε βίῃ Od.15.231
, cf. D.30.14;Ἕκτορ' ἔχει.. οὐδ' ἀπέλυσεν Il.24.115
, cf. 136; αὐτὸς ἔχε pray keep it, a civil form of declining, E.Cyc. 270.13 with predicate, keep in a condition or place,εἶχον ἀτρέμας σφέας αὐτούς Hdt.9.54
, cf. 53, Ar.Th. 230;ἔ. ἑωυτοὺς κατ' οἴκους Hdt.3.79
;σαυτὸν ἐκποδών A.Pr. 346
, cf. X.Cyr.6.1.37;σῖγα νάπη φύλλ' εἶχε E.Ba. 1085
;τοὺς στρατιώτας πολὺν χρόνον πειθομένους ἔ. X.Cyr.7.2.11
.14 hold, consider,τινὰ θέᾳ ἰκέλαν Sapph. Supp.25.3
(dub.), cf. E.Supp. 164;τινὰ ὡς προφήτην Ev.Matt.14.5
;τινὰ ὅτι προφήτης ἦν Ev.Marc.11.32
;ἔχε με παρῃτημένον Ev.Luc.14.18
, cf.POxy.292.6 (i A.D.).III c.inf., have means or power to do, to be able, c. [tense] aor. inf., Il.7.217, 16.110, etc.: c. [tense] pres. inf., Od.18.364, etc.;πόλλ' ἂν λέγειν ἔχοιμι S.Ph. 1047
: sts. with inf. omitted or supplied from context, ἀλλ' οὔ πως ἔτι εἶχε he could not, Il.17.354; οἷά κ' ἔχωμεν so far as we be able, Od.15.281;ἐξ οἵων ἔχω S.El. 1379
;ὅσον εἶχες E.IA 1452
; .b have to face, be obliged,παθεῖν Porph. Chr.63
;εἰ ἕξω βλαβῆναι Astramps.Orac.p.5
H.;βάπτισμα ἔχω βαπτισθῆναι Ev.Luc.12.50
.2 after Hom., οὐκ ἔχω, folld. by a dependent clause, I know not..,οὐκ εἶχον τίς ἂν γενοίμαν A.Pr. 905
, cf. Isoc.12.130;οὐδ' ἔχω πῶς με χρὴ.. ἀφανίσαι S.OC 1710
;οὐκ ἔχων ὅ τι χρὴ λέγειν X.Cyr.1.4.24
;οὐκ ἔχω ποῖ πέσω S.Tr. 705
;ὅπως μολούμεθ' οὐκ ἔχω Id.OC 1743
; the two constructions combined,οὐ γὰρ εἴχομεν οὔτ' ἀντιφωνεῖν οὔθ' ὅπως.. πράξαιμεν Id.Ant. 270
.IV impers. c. acc., there is.. (as in Mod. Gr.),ἔχει δὲ φυλακτήριον πρὸς τὸ μή σε καταπεσεῖν PMag.Par.1.2505
, cf. 1262, 1840.B intrans., hold oneself, i.e. keep, so and so, ἔχον [οὕτως], ὥς τε τάλαντα γυνή (sc. ἔχει) kept balanced, like the scales which.., Il.12.433; ἕξω δ' ὡς ὅτε τις στερεὴ λίθος I will keep unmoved, as a stone.., Od.19.494, cf. Il.13.679, 24.27;νωλεμέως ἐχέμεν 5.492
; ἔγχος ἔχ' ἀτρέμας it kept still, 13.557; σχὲς οὗπερ εἶ keep where thou art, S.OC 1169;ἕξειν κατὰ χώραν Ar.Ra. 793
, cf. Hdt.6.42, X.Oec.10.10; διὰ φυλακῆς ἔχοντες to keep on their guard, Th.2.81; ἔχε ἠρέμα keep still, Pl.Cra. 399e, etc.; ἔχε δή stay now, Id.Prt. 349e, Grg. 460a, etc.;ἔχ' αὐτοῦ D.45.26
.64 with Preps., to be engaged or busy, (lyr.), X.An.5.2.26, etc.;περί τινας Id.HG7.4.28
.II simply, be,ἑκὰς εἶχον Od.12.435
;ἔ. κατ' οἴκους Hdt.6.39
;περὶ πολλῶν ἔ. πρηγμάτων Id.3.128
; ἀγῶνα διὰ πάσης ἀγωνίης ἔχοντα consisting in.., Id.2.91;ἔ. ἐν ἀνάγκαισι E.Ba. 88
(lyr.);ὅπου συμφορᾶς ἔχεις Id.El. 238
;ἐκποδὼν ἔχειν Id.IT 1226
, etc.2 freq. with Advbs. of manner,εὖ ἔχει Od.24.245
, etc.; καλῶς ἔχει, κακῶς ἔχει, it is, is going on well or ill, v. καλός, κακός (but [tense] fut. σχήσειν καλῶς will turn out well, D.1.9, cf. 18.45; ); οὕτως.. σχεῖν to turn out, happen thus, Pl.Ap. 39b; οὕτως ἔχει so the case stands, Ar.Pl. 110; οὕτως ἐχόντων, Lat. cum res ita se habeant, X.An.3.2.10;ὡς ὧδ' ἐχόντων S.Aj. 981
;οὕτω χρὴ διὰ στέρνων ἔχειν Id.Ant. 639
;οὕτως ἔ. περί τινος X.Mem.4.8.7
, cf. Hdt.6.16;πρός τι D. 9.45
;τῇδ' ἔ. S.Ph. 1336
;κοσμίως ἔ. Ar.Th. 854
;ἥδιον ἔ. πρός τινας D.9.63
; ὡς εἶχε just as he was, Hdt.1.114;ὥσπερ εἶχε Th.1.134
, X. HG4.1.30; ὡς ἔχω how I am, Ar.Lys. 610;ὥσπερ ἔχομεν Th.3.30
;τἀναντία εἶχεν D.9.41
; ἀσφαλέως, ἀναγκαίως ἔχει, = ἀσφαλές, ἀναγκαῖόν ἐστι, Hdt.1.86,9.27; καλῶς ἔχει no, I thank you, v. καλός.b c. gen. modi, εὖ ἔ. τινός to be well off for a thing, abound in it; καλῶς ἔ. μέθης to be well off for drink, i.e. to be pretty well drunk, Hdt. 5.20; σπόρου ἀνακῶς ἐ. to be busy with sowing, Id.8.109; εὖ ἐ. φρενῶν, σώματος, E.Hipp. 462, Pl.R. 404d;εὖ ὥρας ἔχον χωρίον Poll.5.108
; cf. ἥκω; so ὡς ποδῶν εἶχον as fast as they could go, Hdt.6.116, 9.59;ὡς τάχεος εἶχε ἕκαστος Id.8.107
;ὡς.. τις εὐνοίας ἢ μνήμης ἔχοι Th.1.22
;ὡς ὀργῆς ἔχω S.OT 345
, cf. E.Hel. 313, 857, etc.; πῶς ἔχεις δόξης; Pl.R. 456d;οὕτω τρόπου ἔχεις X.Cyr.7.5.56
;μετρίως ἔ. βίου Hdt.1.32
;ὑγιεινῶς ἔ. αὐτὸς αὑτοῦ καὶ σωφρόνως Pl.R. 571d
;οὐκ εὖ σεαυτοῦ τυγχάνεις ἔχων Philem.4.11
: also c. acc.,εὖ ἔ. τὸ σῶμα καὶ τὴν ψυχήν Pl.Grg. 464a
, cf. X.Oec.21.7: c. dat.,οὕτως ἐχόντων τούτων τῇ φύσει D.18.315
;πῶς ἔχετε ταῖς διανοίαις Lycurg.75
;τῇ λέξει κακῶς ἔ. Isoc.9.10
.3 lead towards,ὁδοὶ ἐπὶ τὸν ποταμὸν ἔ. Hdt.1.180
, cf. 191, 2.17; ἔ. εἴς τι to be directed, point towards,ἔχθρης ἐχούσης ἐς Ἀθηναίους Id.5.81
; τὸ ἐς τοὺς Ἀργείους ἔχον what concerns them, Id.6.19; ταῦτα ἐς τὴν ἀπόστασιν ἔχοντα ib.2, etc.; of Place, extend, reach to,ἐπ' ὅσον ἔποψις τοῦ ἱροῦ εἶχε Id.1.64
.IV after Hom., ἔχω as auxiliary, c. [tense] aor. part. giving a perfect sense,κρύψαντες ἔχουσι Hes.Op.42
;ἀποκληΐσας ἔχεις Hdt.1.37
;ἐγκλῄσασ' ἔχει Ar.Ec. 355
, cf. Th. 706; freq. in S.,θαυμάσας ἔχω OC 1140
, cf. Ant.22, al.: also in late Prose,ἀναλώσας ἔχεις Aristid. Or.18(20).1
;ὅς σφε νῦν ἀτιμάσας ἔχει E.Med.33
: less freq. c. [tense] pf. part., S.OT 701, Ph. 600, X.An.1.3.14,4.7.1: rarely c. [tense] pres. part., (lyr.), cf. X.Cyn.10.11.2 part. ἔχων, with [tense] pres., adds a notion of duration to that of present action, τί κυπτάζεις ἔ.; why do you keep poking about there? Ar.Nu. 509; τί δῆτα διατρίβεις ἔ.; why then keep wasting time? Id.Ec. 1151; τί γὰρ ἕστηκ' ἔ.; ib. 853, cf. Th. 473, 852: without interrog., φλυαρεῖς ἔ., ἔ. φλυαρεῖς, you keep chattering, Pl.Grg. 490e, Euthd. 295c;κακοῦν ἔχοντ' αὐτὸν ἀποκτιννύναι D.23.35
(and so possiblyἐνεργεῖ ἔ. Arist.Metaph. 1072b23
);παίσδεις ἔ. Theoc.14.8
: so in later Prose,παίζεις ἔ. Luc. Icar.24
; but ῥιπτεῖς ἔ.; do you throw away the prize when it is in your grasp? Aristid.1.443 J.C [voice] Med., hold oneself fast, cling closely,τῷ προσφὺς ἐχόμην Od. 12.433
, cf. Il.1.513, etc.;πρὸς ἀλλήλῃσιν Od.5.329
: mostly c. gen., hold on by, cling to, [ πέτρης] ib. 429;χερσὶν ἀώτου 9.435
;βρετέων A. Th.98
(lyr.);ἑξόμεσθάσου Ar.Pl. 101
; τῆς πληγῆς ἔχ εται claps his hand on the place struck, D.4.40.2 metaph., cleave, cling to,ἔργου Hdt. 8.11
, X.HG7.2.19; (iii A.D.);τῶν πραγμάτων Jul. Or.1.19a
; βιοτᾶς, ἐλπίδος, E. Ion 491, Fr. 409;τῆς αὐτῆς γνώμης Th.1.140
; lay hold on, take advantage of,τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἔχεο Thgn.32
;προφάσιος ἔχεσθαι Hdt.6.94
; fasten upon, attack, D.18.79; lay claim to,ἀμφοτέρων τῶν ἐπωνυμιέων Hdt.2.17
; to be zealous for, [ μάχης] S.OC 424; ;κοινῇ τῆς σωτηρίας X.An.6.3.17
, etc.3 come next to, follow closely, ib.1.8.4;ἕπεσθαι ἐχομένους ὅτι μάλιστα τῶν ἁρμάτων Id.Cyr.7.1.9
; of peoples or places, to be close, border on, c. gen., Hdt.4.169, Th.2.96, etc.; freq. in part., τὴν ἐχομένην [τῶν νεωρίων] στοάν Aen. Tact.11.3; οἱ ἐ. the neighbouring people, Hdt.1.134; ὁ ἐχόμενος the next man, Aen.Tact.22.27; of Time, τὸ ἐχόμενον ἔτος the next year, Th.6.3;ὁ ἐ. διαλογισμός PRev.Laws 16.15
(iii B.C.); τὰ ἐχόμενα τούτοις what follows, Pl.Grg. 494e (withoutτούτοις Isoc.6.29
).5 pertain to,ὅσα ἔχεται τῶν αἰσθήσεων Pl.Lg. 661b
;ἃ διδασκάλων εἴχετο Id.Prt. 319e
;ὅσα τέχνης ἔχεται Id.Men. 94b
, etc.: esp. in Hdt. in periphrases, τὰ τῶν ὀνειράτων, καρπῶν ἐχόμενα, 1.120, 193;ὀρνίθων ἢ ἰχθύων 2.77
; σιτίων, ἐσθῆτος, 3.25,66.II bear or hold for oneself, κρήδεμνα ἄντα παρειάων σχομένη before her cheeks, Od.1.334; ἀσπίδα πρόσθ' ἔσχετο his shield, Il.12.294, cf. 298, 20.262.IV keep oneself back, abstain or refrain from, ἀϋτῆς, μάχης, 2.98, 3.84;βίης Od.4.422
;ἐχώμεθα δηϊοτῆτος ἐκ βελέων Il.14.129
;τῆς ἀγωγῆς Hdt.6.85
;τῆς τιμωρίης Id.7.169
;τῶν ἀθίκτων S.OT 891
(lyr., s.v.l.): c.inf., A.R.1.328; ; κακῶν ἄπο χεῖρας ἔχεσθαι to keep one's hands from ill, Od.22.316;Μενέλεω σχέσθαι χέρα E.Rh. 174
: abs., σχέο, σχέσθε, hold! cease! Il.21.379, 22.416.V [voice] Pass. ofἔχω B. 1
, ἐπὶ ξυροῦ ἀκμῆς ἔχεται ἡμῖν τὰ πρήγματα are balanced on.., Hdt.6.11.------------------------------------ἔχω (B), -
25 hell
noun1) Hölle, die2) (coll.)[oh] hell! — verdammter Mist! (ugs.)
what the hell! — ach, zum Teufel! (ugs.)
to or the hell with it! — ich hab's satt (ugs.)
a or one hell of a [good] party — eine unheimlich gute Party (ugs.)
work/run like hell — wie der Teufel arbeiten/rennen (ugs.)
it hurt like hell — es tat höllisch weh (ugs.)
* * *[hel]((according to some religions) the place or state of punishment of the wicked after death with much pain, misery etc.) die Hölle- for the hell of it- hellbent on* * *[hi:l][hel]to go to \hell in die Hölle kommen, zur Hölle fahren geh o figto \hell with it! ich hab's satt!to \hell with you! du kannst mich mal!to not have a chance/hope in \hell nicht die geringste Chance/leiseste Hoffnung haben\hell on earth die Hölle auf Erdento annoy the \hell out of sb ( fam) jdn schrecklich nerven, jdm fürchterlich auf den Keks gehen BRD famto be \hell die Hölle sein famto be \hell on sb/sth für jdn/etw die Hölle sein▪ sth/sb from \hell etw/jd ist die reinste Höllea job/winter from \hell eine höllische Arbeit/ein höllischer Winterto frighten [or scare] the \hell out of sb jdn zu Tode erschreckento go through \hell durch die Hölle gehento have been to \hell and back durch die Hölle gegangen seinto make sb's life \hell jdm das Leben zur Hölle machenhe's one \hell of a guy! er ist echt total in Ordnung!they had a \hell of a time (negative) es war die Hölle für sie; (positive) sie hatten einen Heidenspaßa \hell of a decision eine verflixt schwere Entscheidung fama \hell of a lot verdammt viela \hell of a performance eine Superleistung famas cold as \hell saukalt slas hard as \hell verflucht hart slas hot as \hell verdammt heiß slto do sth as quickly as \hell etw in einem Höllentempo machen famto hope/wish to \hell ( fam) etw inständig hoffen/wünschen4.▶ all \hell breaks loose die Hölle [o der Teufel] ist los▶ to do sth for the \hell of it etw aus reinem Vergnügen [o zum Spaß] machenshe'll be waiting until \hell freezes over da kann sie warten, bis sie schwarz wird▶ from \hell entsetzlich, schrecklichwe had a weekend from \hell unser Wochenende war eine Katastrophe▶ to give sb \hell (scold) jdm die Hölle heißmachen fam; (make life unbearable) jdm das Leben zur Hölle machen▶ the road to \hell is paved with good intentions ( prov) es gibt nichts Gutes, außer man tut es provII. interjwhat the \hell are you doing? was zum Teufel machst du da?\hell no! bloß nicht!* * *[hel]n1) Hölle fto go to hell (lit) — in die Hölle kommen, zur Hölle fahren (liter)
the road to Hell is paved with good intentions (prov) — der Weg zur Hölle ist mit guten Vorsätzen gepflastert (Prov)
hell hath no fury like a woman scorned (liter) — es gibt nichts Schlimmeres als die Rache einer geschmähten Frau
2)(fig uses)
all hell broke loose — die Hölle war losit's hell working there —
their life together was hell on earth — ihr gemeinsames Leben war die reinste Hölle or die Hölle auf Erden
you'll get hell if he finds out (inf) — der macht dich zur Schnecke or Sau, wenn er das erfährt (inf)
there'll be hell to pay when he finds out — wenn er das erfährt, ist der Teufel los (inf)
I did it ( just) for the hell of it (inf) — ich habe es nur zum Spaß or aus Jux gemacht
come hell or high water — egal, was passiert
you can wait until hell freezes over — da kannst du warten, bis du schwarz wirst
hell for leather — was das Zeug hält; run also was die Beine hergeben
the mother-in-law from hell — die böse Schwiegermutter, wie sie im Buche steht
3) (infto work like hell — arbeiten, was das Zeug hält, wie wild arbeiten (inf)
to run like hell — laufen, was die Beine hergeben
a hell of a lot — verdammt viel (inf)
she's a or one hell of a girl — die ist schwer in Ordnung (inf), das ist ein klasse Mädchen (inf)
that's one or a hell of a problem/difference/climb — das ist ein verdammt or wahnsinnig schwieriges Problem (inf)/ein wahnsinniger Unterschied (inf)/eine wahnsinnige Kletterei (inf)
I hope to hell he's right — ich hoffe ja nur, dass er recht hat
to hell with you/him — hol dich/ihn der Teufel (inf), du kannst/der kann mich mal (inf)
to hell with it! — verdammt noch mal (inf)
what the hell do you want? — was willst du denn, verdammt noch mal? (inf)
where the hell is it? — wo ist es denn, verdammt noch mal? (inf)
you scared the hell out of me — du hast mich zu Tode erschreckt
pay that much for a meal? like hell — so viel für ein Essen bezahlen? ich bin doch nicht verrückt!
he knows the Queen? – like hell! — er und die Königin kennen? – wers glaubt!
hell! — so'n Mist! (inf), verdammt noch mal! (inf)
hell's bells!, hell's teeth! ( euph, expressing surprise ) — heiliger Strohsack or Bimbam! (inf); (expressing anger) zum Kuckuck noch mal! (inf)
what the hell, I've nothing to lose — zum Teufel, ich habe nichts zu verlieren (inf)
* * *hell [hel]A s1. Hölle f (auch fig):it was hell es war die (reine) Hölle;come hell or high water umg unter allen Umständen, auf Biegen od Brechen;give sb hell umg jemandem die Hölle heißmachen;go to hell in die Hölle kommen, zur Hölle fahren;go to hell! umg scher dich zum Teufel!;make sb’s life a hell jemandem das Leben zur Hölle machen;there will be hell to pay if we get caught umg wenn wir erwischt werden, ist der Teufel los;play hell with umg Schindluder treiben mit;raise hell umg einen Mordskrach schlagen;I’ll see you in hell first! umg ich werd den Teufel tun!;suffer hell on earth die Hölle auf Erden haben2. intensivierend umg:a hell of a lot eine verdammte Menge;a hell of a noise ein Höllenlärm;be in a hell of a temper eine Mordswut oder eine Stinklaune haben;a hell of a good car ein verdammt guter Wagen;a hell of a guy ein Pfundskerl;what the hell …? was zum Teufel …?;like hell wie verrückt (arbeiten etc);it hurts like hell es tut hundsgemein weh;like hell he paid for the meal! er dachte nicht im Traum daran, das Essen zu zahlen!;hell for leather wie verrückt (fahren etc);get the hell out of here! mach, dass du rauskommst!;the hell I will! ich werd den Teufel tun!;not a hope in hell nicht die geringste Hoffnung;(as) … as hell fürchterlich …;3. umga) Spaß m:for the hell of it aus Spaß an der Freude;the hell of it is that … das Komische daran ist, dass …b) US Ausgelassenheit f, Übermut m4. Spielhölle f5. TYPO Defektenkasten mB int umgb) iron haha!c) (überrascht) Teufel auch!, Teufel, Teufel!* * *noun1) Hölle, dieall hell was let loose — (fig.) es war die Hölle los; see also raise 1. 7)
2) (coll.)[oh] hell! — verdammter Mist! (ugs.)
what the hell! — ach, zum Teufel! (ugs.)
to or the hell with it! — ich hab's satt (ugs.)
a or one hell of a [good] party — eine unheimlich gute Party (ugs.)
work/run like hell — wie der Teufel arbeiten/rennen (ugs.)
it hurt like hell — es tat höllisch weh (ugs.)
* * *n.Hölle -n f. -
26 Aufhellung
Auf|hel|lungf -, -enbrightening; (von Haaren) lightening; (fig = Klärung) clarificationes kam zu zeitweisen Áúfhellungen — from time to time the weather brightened up
* * *Auf·hel·lung<-, -en>f1. (Blondierung) lightening2. (Erhellung) clarification, illumination3. (das Aufhellen) brighteninges kam zu zeitweisen \Aufhellungen the weather brightened up from time to time -
27 full
ful 1. adjective1) (holding or containing as much as possible: My basket is full.) full, oppfylt, mett, forsynt2) (complete: a full year; a full account of what happened.) fullstendig, fyldig3) ((of clothes) containing a large amount of material: a full skirt.) vid2. adverb1) (completely: Fill the petrol tank full.) helt, fullt2) (exactly; directly: She hit him full in the face.) rett•- fully- full-length
- full moon
- full-scale
- full stop
- full-time
- fully-fledged
- full of
- in full
- to the fullfull--------fullstendig--------fyldig--------ganske--------hel--------helt--------utførligIsubst. \/fʊl\/1) høydepunkt, midte2) (amer.) strandvollbe at the full være full, være helthe full of the tide høyvannin full fullstendig, i sin helhet, til fulle, uforkortet, helt utin the full of the season midt i sesongensign in full undertegne med fullt navnto the full fullstendig, til fulle, i høyeste grad, i fullt omfangIIverb \/fʊl\/1) folde, plissere2) ( tekstilteknikk) valke, stampeIIIadj. \/fʊl\/1) full, fylt, fullsatt, fullt• I am sorry, but we are fullbeklager, men det er dessverre fullt2) mett, forsynt3) mektig, rikelig4) rikholdig, innholdsrik5) utførlig, fyldig, detaljert, grundig, omfattende6) fullstendig, hel7) fulltallig, fullstendig8) skarp, sterk9) dyp, mettet10) (om lyd, stemme) rund, fyldig• full tone\/voice11) (om figur, ansikt) fyldig, rund, kraftig, svulmende12) rik, sjenerøs13) ( om klesplagg) vid14) kjødelig, hel-15) (austr. hverdagslig) full, berusetbe full (up) ( hverdagslig) være mettbe full of være veldig opptatt av, kun tenke på, gå fullstendig opp i full avbe full of oneself være selvopptattfull as a goog se ➢ googfull up ( hverdagslig) full, fylt, fullsatt, fulltmake a full stop bråstoppemake full use of utnytte fullt ut, dra full nytte avIVadv. \/fʊl\/1) fullt, fullstendig2) helt, rett, midt3) mye, mange, sværtdet vet jeg svært\/utmerket godtfull many a night ( poesi) mang en natt -
28 halv
полови́нный, полу-, пол-et halvt år — полго́да
klókken er halv fem — полови́на пя́того
* * ** * *adj half;(se også halvt);[ det halve] half ( fx half of it was wrong); one half;[ børn det halve] children half-price;[ hvad er det halve af 6?] what is (the) half of six?[ så beskeden at det halve kunne være nok] modest to a fault;[ti (, fem) minutter i halv] twenty (, twenty-five) (minutes) past;[ slå halv]( om ur) strike the half-hour;[ uret slår hel og halv] the clock strikes the hours and half-hours;[ti (, fem) minutter over halv] twenty (, twenty -five) (minutes) to;[ på halv], se (halv) stang;[ to en halv dag] two days and a half, two and a half days;[ to halve udgør en hel] two halves make a whole;[ med sb:][ halve forholdsregler] half-measures;[ en halv fridag] a half-holiday;[ en halv gang til så meget] half as much again;[ et halvt hundrede] about fifty;[ klokken er halv ( tolv)] it is half past (eleven);[ klokken er lige halv] it is just half past;[ for halv kraft] at half speed;[ en halv penny], se penny;[ til halv pris] at half price, at half the price;[ slå halv skade] go fifty-fifty;[ slå halv skade med] go halves with;[ på halv stang] at half mast,(se også stang);[ i halv størrelse] half-size;[ den halve tid] half the time;[ en halv time] half an hour, a half-hour;[ hver halve time] every half-hour;( også) the buses run half-hourly;[ halv tone] semitone,(am) half step;[ med en halv vind], se vind;[ det kan man se med et halvt øje] you can see that with half an eye;[ et halvt år] six months,( sjældnere) half a year. -
29 aushelfen
* * *to help out* * *aus|hel|fenvi septo help out( jdm sb)* * *1) fix (someone) up with (something)2) (to help (a person), usually for a short time because the person is in some difficulty: I help out in the shop from time to time; Could you help me out by looking after the baby?) help out* * *aus|hel·fen* * *unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb help out* * *aushelfen v/i (irr, trennb, hat -ge-):([bei] jemandem) aushelfen help (sb) out (mit with)* * *unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb help out* * *v.to help out v. -
30 KOMA
* * *I)(kem; kom or kvam, kómum or kvamúm; kominn), v.1) to come (litlu síðarr kómu Finnar aptr heim);2) to come, arrive (bréf kómu frá Skúla jarli);kom svá, at (it came to pass, that) Bárði var heitit meyjunni;3) with dat. of the object, to make to come, to take, bring, carry, etc.;hann skyldi koma Þór í Geirröðargarða, he should make Th. come to G.;hann kom Þórhaddi heilum yfir ána, he brought Th. safe across the river;koma e-m í hel, to put one to death;koma e-m til falls, to make one fall;koma e-m í sætt við e-n, to reconcile one with another;koma sér vel hjá e-m, to bring oneself into favour with, be agreeable to (þeir kómu sér vel við alla);koma e-u til leiðar (til vegar), to effect, bring about;koma orðum við e-n, to speak with a person (hann gørði sik svá reiðan, at ekki mátti orðum við hann koma);4) with preps.:koma e-u af sér, to get rid of (allt mun ek til vinna at koma af mér yðvarri reiði);koma e-u af, to abolish (Þvi hafði eigi orðit af komitmeði öllu);koma at e-m, to come upon one (kómu þessir at honum fyrir Sjólandi með tveim skipum);koma at hendi, to happen (mikill vandi er kominn at hendi);impers., Gunnarr játaði því, en þá er at kom, vildi hann eigi, G. agreed to it, but when it came to the point he would not;koma at e-u, to come at, regain, recover (koma at hamri);koma sér at e-u, to bring oneself to (Þ. kom sér ekki at því);koma á e-t, to come on, hit (höggit kom á lærit);koma e-u á, to bring about, effect (máttu þeir øngum flutningum á koma);koma kristni (dat.) á England, to christianize E.;koma fram, to come forth, appear, emerge (sigldi E. suðr með landi ok kom fram í Danmörk); to be produced, brought forward (nú mun pat fram koma sem ek sagða);koma e-u fram, to bring about, effect (koma fram hefndum);koma fyrir e-t, to be an equivalent for (fyrir víg Hjartar skyldi koma víg Kols);allt mun koma fyrir eitt, it will all come to the same;koma fyrir ekki, to come to naught, be of no avail;e-m þykkir fyrir ván komit, at, one thinks it past all hope, that;koma e-u fyrir, to destroy (hann kom hverjum hesti fyrir);koma í e-t, to come into, enter;mál koma í dóm, suits are brought up for judgement;koma niðr, to come down;hann reyndi eptir, hvar G. væri niðr kominn, what had become of G.;kom þar niðr tal hennar, at hon sagði honum, hversu, the end of her talk was, that she told him how koma;koma hart niðr, to pay dearly for it (ek hafða illa til gört, enda kom ek hart niðr);koma saman, to come together, gather (er saman kom liðit); to agree;þat kom saman (or ásamt) með þeim, they agreed on it;impers., kom þeim vel saman (ásamt), they agreed well;koma e-u saman, to bring about, effect;koma saman sættum með e-m, to reconcile them;koma til e-s, to come to a person or place (jarlinn kom með allan her sinn til Dyflinnar);koma till ríkis, to come to, or succeed to, the throne;koma til e-s, to cause: þat kemr til þess, at, the reason is, that; to help, avail: koma til lítils, to come to little, be of small avail (= koma fyrir lítit); to concern: þetta mál kemr ekki til þín, this quarrel is no business of thine; þat er til mín kemr, so far as I am concerned; to mean, signify (Þ. kvezk skilja, hvar orð hans kómu til); to be of value: sverð þat, er til kom mörk gulls, that was worth a ‘mark’ of gold; mikit þykkir til e-s koma, one is much thought of, is thought to be of great importance;koma til, to be born;koma e-m undan, to help one to escape;koma undir e-n, to come unto one;ef undir oss skal koma kjörit, if we are to choose;koma e-m undir, to get one down, overcome one;koma upp, to come up;tungl kemr upp, the moon rises;eldr kom upp, fire broke out;kom þá upp af tali þeirra, at, the end of their talk was, that; to come out, become known (kom þat þá upp, at hann hafði beðit hennar);koma e-u upp, to open (kerling tekr hörpuna ok vildi upp koma);hann mátti lengi eigi orði upp koma, it was long before he could utter a word;koma við e-t, to touch (komit var við hurðina);þeir kómu við sker, they struck on a reef;hann kemr við margar sögur, he appears in many sagas; to be added to (koma þær nætr við hinar fyrri);koma við, to fit, be convenient, suit;koma e-u við, to employ, make use of (ek mátta eigi boganum við koma); hann kom því við (he brought about), at engi skyldi fara með vápn; urðu þeir at flýja sem því kómu við, all fled that could;koma sér við, to bring about, effect, be able to do (ek mun veita þér slíkt lið sem ek má mér við koma); to behave (hversu hann kom sér við í þessum málum);koma yfir, to pass over (hvert kveld, er yfir kom);5) refl., komast;* * *pres. sing. kem, kemr, kemr; an older form komr is used constantly in very old and good vellum MSS., as the Kb. of Sæm.; and even spelt keomr or ceomr (in Eluc., Greg., etc.); reflex. komsk, 2nd pers. kømztu ( pervenis), Sdm. 10: pret. kom, kom-k, I came, Skm. 18: 2nd pers. komt, 17, mod. komst: the pret. plur. varies, kvámu being the oldest form; kvómu, often in the MSS.; kómu, as it is still pronounced in the west of Icel.; the usual and latest form is komu, with a short vowel; the spelling of the MSS. cannot always be ascertained, as the word is usually written kumu or qumu: pret. subj. kvæmi and kꝍmi (kæmi): imperat. kom, kom-ðú, proncd, kondu, come thou! pret. infin. kómu ( venisse), Fms. i. 224 (in a verse), Geisli 62:—with suff. neg., pres. kmr-at or kømr-að, Akv. 11, Grág. ii. 141, Gkv. 3. 8; pret. kom-a, kom-að, came not, Ls. 56, Þorf. Karl. (in a verse), Þd. 18; 2nd pers. komtaðu ( non venisti), Am. 99; subj. kømi-a ( non veniret), Gs. 10: reflex., pres. kømsk-at, Grág. ii. 180; pret. komsk-at ( could not come), Am. 3:—a middle form, pres. 1st pers. komum-k (komumsk), Ó. H. 140, 214, Skm. 10, 11; subj. pres. komimk, Ó. H. 85; pret. kømomc, Hbl. 33 (Bugge); part. pass. kominn, see Gramm. p. xix. The preterite forms kvam and kvaminn, used in the Edition of the Sturl. and in a few other mod. Editions without warrant in the MSS., are due to the fact that the Edition of Sturl. was published from a transcript now in the Advocates’ Library in Edinburgh, made by the learned priest Eyjolf á Völlum (died A. D. 1745), who used this spelling: in prehistoric times, before the age of writing, it may be assumed for certain that this verb had a v throughout, as in Gothic: [Ulf. qiman, i. e. qwiman, = ἔρχεσθαι; A. S. cuman; Engl. come; O. H. G. queman; Germ. kommen; Dutch komen; Dan. komme; Swed. komma; Lat. venio, qs. gvenio; the Ormul. spells cumenn, indicating a long root vowel; cp. North. E. coom.]A. To come; sá þeirra sem fyrr kæmi, Fms. ix. 373; konungr kom norðr til Túnsbergs, 375; kómu Finnar heim, i. 9; þeir mágar kómu ór hjúkólfi, Sturl. ii. 124; kömr hann á konungs fund, Fms. ix. 221; þá vóru þeir norðan komnir, 308; hér er nú komin ær ein kollótt, Sturl. i. 159, passim.2. to become, arrive; bréf kómu frá Skúla jarli, Fms. ix. 375; ef svá síðarliga kömr skip til hlunns, Sks. 28; en er vár kom, Eg. 167; koma at máli við e-n, to have an interview, talk with one, 467; konungi kom njósn, Fms. vii. 57; þá komu honum þau tíðendi, i. 37; þetta kom allt fyrir Ingimar, vii. 114; kom honum þat (it came to him, he got it) fyrir útan fé, en engum kom fyrr, x. 394; hvat sem á bak kemr, whatsoever may befall, Nj. 193; koma e-m at haldi, or í hald, to avail oneself, 192, Fms. x. 413; koma at gagni, to ‘come in useful,’ be of use, Nj. 264; koma at úvörum, to come at unawares, Ld. 132; koma e-m fyrir úvart, id., Fms. xi. 290; koma á úvart, Nj. 236; koma í þörf = koma í gagn, Fms. vii. 14; hvar kom kapp þitt þá? Bs. i. 18; mál koma í dóm, to be brought up for judgment, Fms. vii. 115; líðr vetrinn, kemr þar ( that time comes) er menn fara til Gulaþings, Eg. 340; var þá svá komit, at allir menn vóru sofa farnir, 376; kom svá ( it came to pass) at Bárði var heitið meyjunni, 26; svá kemr, kemr þar, at, it comes to pass. Fb. i. 174, ii. 48, 68; láta koma, to let come, put; síðan létu þeir koma eld í spánuna, Fms. xi. 34.3. in greeting; kom heill, welcome! kom heill ok sæll, frændi! Nj. 175: mod. komdu (kondu) sæll! komið þér sælir!II. with prepp.; koma á, to hit; ef á kömr, Grág. ii. 7:—koma at, to come to, arrive, happen; láttu at því koma, let it be so, Dropl. 24; kom þat mjök optliga at honum, of sickness, Fms. vii. 150; kom at þeim svefnhöfgi, sleep came upon them, Nj. 104; koma at hendi, to happen; mikill vandi er kominn at hendi, 177, Hom. 80; koma at e-u, to come at, regain, recover; koma at hamri, Þkv. 32:—koma fram, to come forth, appear, stund var í milli er þeir sá framstafninn ok inn eptri kom fram, Fms. ii. 304; engin kom önnur vistin fram, Eg. 549; nú eru öll sóknar-gögn fram komin, Nj. 143: to emerge, hann kom fram í Danmörk, Hkr. i. 210, 277, Ísl. ii. 232, Eg. 23, Landn. 134, Orkn. 152: to arrive, sendimenn fóru ok fram kómu, Fms. xi. 27; reifa mál þau fyrst er fyrst eru fram komin, each in its turn, Grág. i. 64: to be fulfilled, happen, því er á þínum dögum mun fram koma, Ld. 132; nú mun þat fram komit sem ek sagða, Eg. 283; kom nú fram spásagan Gests, Ld. 286; öll þessi merki kómu fram ok fylldusk, Stj. 444; aldrei skal maðr arf taka eptir þann mann er hann vegr, eðr ræðr bana fram kominn, whom he has slain, or whose death he has devised with effect, Grág. ii. 113; staðar-prýði flest fram komin, Bs. i. 146; vera langt fram kominn, mod. áfram kominn, to be ‘in extremis,’ at the point of death, 644; er sú frásögn eigi langt fram komin, this story comes from not far off, i. e. it is derived from first, not second hand, Fms. viii. 5:—koma fyrir, to come as payment, tvau hundrað skyldu koma fyrir víg Snorra (of weregild), Sturl. ii. 158; henni kvaðsk aldri hefnt þykkja Kjartans, nema Bolli kæmi fyrir, Ld. 240; allt mun koma fyrir eitt, it will come to the same, Lv. 11, Nj. 91, Fms. i. 208; koma fyrir ekki, to come to naught, be of no avail, Ísl. ii. 215, Fms. vi. 5:—koma í, to enter, come in, a fisherman’s term; koma í drátt, to hook a fish; at í komi með ykkr Þorbrandssonum, that ye and the Th. come to loggerheads, Eb. 80:—koma með, to come with a thing, to bring; kondu með það, fetch it!—koma til, to come to; vera kann at eigi spillisk þótt ek koma til, Eg. 506; nú er rétt lögruðning til ykkar komin, Nj. 236; koma til ríkis, to come to a kingdom, Eg. 268; þeir létu til hans koma um alla héraðs-stjórn, Fs. 44: to befall, kom svá til efnis, it so happened, Mar.; þeim hlutum sem hafinu kunni opt til at koma, Stj. 105, Sks. 323: to mean, signify, en hvar kom þat til er hann sagði, Ó. H. 87; ef þat kom til annars, en þess er hann mælti, id.: to cause, hygg ek at meir komi þar til lítilmennska, Eb. 172; konungr spurði hvat til bæri úgleði hans, hann kvað koma til mislyndi sína, Fms. vi. 355, Fb. ii. 80, Band. 29 new Ed.: to concern, þetta mál er eigi kom síðr til yðvar en vár, Fms. vii. 130; þetta mál kemr ekki til þín, Nj. 227; þat er kemr til Knúts, Fms. v. 24; þat er til mín kemr, so far as I am concerned, iv. 194; hann kvað þetta mál ekki til sín koma, vi. 100; þeir eru orðmargir ok láta hvervetna til sín koma, meddle in all things, 655 xi. 2: to belong to, skulu þeir gjalda hinum slíka jörð sem til þeirra kemr, proportionally, Jb. 195; kemr þat til vár er lögin kunnum, Nj. 149; sú sök er tylptar-kviðr kömr til, Grág. i. 20; tylptar-kviðar á jafnan á þingi at kveðja, þar sem hann kömr til saka, ii. 37; þá er komit til þessa gjalds ( it is due), er menn koma í akkeris-sát, 408: to help, avail, koma til lítils, to come to little, be of small avail, Nj. 149, Fms. vi. 211; at göra litla fésekt, veit ek eigi hvat til annars kemr, I am not aware what else will do, I believe that will meet the case best, Band. 36 new Ed.; koma til, to ‘come to,’ of a person in a swoon, etc.; veit ek eigi til hvers koma mun sú tiltekja Fb. i. 177, Fms. xi. 103; hvar til þessi svör skulu koma, i. 3; það kemr til, it will all come right; kom þar til með kóngum tveim, two kings came to a quarrel, Skíða R. 48: to be of value, importance, authority, þótti allt meira til hans koma, Fas. i. 16; hvart sem til hans kæmi meira eðr minna, Fms. xi. 76; sverð þat er til kom hálf mörk gulls, Ld. 32; svá fémikill at til kómu tuttugu merkr gulls, Fms. xi. 85; mér þykir lítið til hans koma, I think little of him:—koma saman, to come together, live together, marry, K. Á. 134: to agree, þat kom saman með þeim, they agreed on it, Dropl. 9, Gísl. 41; kom þat ásamt með þeim, id., Fb. i. 168; koma vel ásamt, to agree well, Nj. 25:—koma undir e-n, to come unto one, ef undir oss bræðr skal koma kjörit, if we are to choose, Nj. 192; öll lögmæt skil þau er undir mik koma á þessu þingi, 239: to depend on, það er mikit undir komið, at …, be of importance:—koma upp, to come up, break out; kom þá upp grátr fyrir henni, she burst into tears, Fms. ix. 477; er lúðrar kvæði við, ok herblástr kæmi upp, v. 74; er seiðlætin kómu upp, Ld. 152; eldr kom upp, fire came up, Ölk. 35, (hence elds-uppkoma, an upcome of fire, an eruption); ef nokkut kemr síðan sannara upp, Fms. vii. 121: þá kom þat upp at hann hafði beðit hennar, Eg. 587; kom þat upp af tali þeirra, at …, Fms. vii. 282; þat kom upp ( it ended so) at hverr skyldi vera vin annars, i. 58: to turn up, ek ætla mér góðan kost hvárn sem upp kemr, Eg. 715; mun nú hamingjan skipta hverr upp kemr, 418; at sakar görðisk eða upp kæmi, Grág. i. 27; skaut til Guðs sínu máli, ok bað hann láta þat upp koma er hann sæi at bazt gegni, Ó. H. 195, Stj. 385:—koma við, to touch, hit; sé eigi komið við, if it is not touched, Grág. ii. 65; komit var við hurðina, Fas. i. 30; at þeir skyldi koma við torfuna, Ld. 60; hefi ek aldrei svá reitt vápn at manni, at eigi hafi við komit, Nj. 185; hann kemr við margar sögur, he comes up, appears in many Sagas, Ld. 334; koma þeir allir við þessa sögu síðan, Nj. 30; sem ek kom við (as I mentioned, touched upon) í morgin, Fms. ii. 142; er mestr er, ok úskapligast komi við, Ld. 118: to fit, þat kemr lítt við, ‘tis not meet, it won’t do, Lv. 20; mun ek gefa þér tveggja dægra byr þann er bezt kemr við, Fas. iii. 619: koma við, to land, call; þeir vóru komnir við Ísland, Eg. 128; þeir kómu við Hernar, Nj. 4; þeir kómu suðr við Katanes, 127; þeir kómu við sker ( struck on a skerry) ok brutu stýri sín, Fms. ix. 164; hann hafði komit við hval, he had struck against a whale, Sturl. ii. 164; hence in mod. usage, koma við, to call, make a short stay, also on land: to be added to, tekr heldr at grána gamanit ok koma kveðlingar við, i. 21; koma þær nætr við inar fyrri, Rb. 58; þá koma enn ellefu nætr við, 22:—koma yfir, to overcome, pass over; íss er yfir kömr, Hm. 81; hvert kveld er yfir kom, Finnb. 230; hryggleikr kom yfir, 623. 57; at sá dagr myndi ekki yfir koma, Sks. 111.B. With the dat. of the object, to make to come, put, bring, carry; páfa þess, er Kristni (dat.) kom á England, who Christianised England, Íb. 14; koma mönnum til réttrar trúar, Fms. i. 146; koma orðum við e-n, to speak to a person; görðisk hann styggr svá at fáir menn máttu orðum við hann koma, i. e. that no one could come to words with him, Eg. 3; hann görði sik svá reiðan, at ekki mátti orðum við hann koma, Fms. i. 83, xi. 293; koma vélræðum við e-n, to plan against one, Eg. 49; koma flugu í munn e-m, Nj. 64, 68; þú skalt ekki láta í skorta at koma þeim í (málit) með þér, 271; hann skyldi koma Þór í Geirröðar-garða, make Thor come to G., Edda 60; hann kom Þorhaddi heilum yfir ána, he brought Th. safe across the river, Þorst. Síðu H. 181; koma kaupi, to bring about a bargain, Gþl. 415; koma e-m í hel, to put one to death, Anal. 233; koma e-m til falls, to make one fall, Edda 34; koma e-m í sætt, Fs. 9; mun ek koma þér í sætt við konung, Eg. 227; hann kom sér í mikla kærleika við jarlinn, Nj. 268; koma sér í þjónustu, Fs. 84; koma sér vel, to put oneself in favour, be engaging; ek hefi komit mér vel hjá meyjum, Kormak; þeir komu sér vel við alla, Fas. iii. 529, Fs. 96, Nj. 66; koma sér ílla, to make oneself hated; það kemr sér ílla, it is ill seen, unpleasant; as also, það kemr sér vel, a thing is agreeable, acceptable; koma e-u til leiðar, to effect, make, Nj. 250, Eb. 118; koma e-u til vegar, id., Ld. 320; koma tölu á, to put, count on, count, number, Anal. 217; koma friði, sættum á, to bring peace, agreement about: hann kom þeim á flótta, he put them to flight, Fms. vii. 235; tóku þar allt er þeir kómu höndum á, all they could catch, ix. 473; koma e-m ór eldi, Fb. i. 300; tók hann merkit ok kom því (put it, hid it) í millum klæða sinna, Nj. 274: Gunnarr kom þangat at þeim örunum, 115; allt þat er bitið var ok blóði kom út á, where it was bitten so as to make blood flow, Fms. vii. 187.II. with prepp.; koma e-u fram, to effect; koma fram ferð, máli, Nj. 102; til lítils þætti þat koma, en enginn kvæmi sínu máli fram þótt til alþingis væri stefnt, 149, Fb. ii. 90; þat skal aldri verða at hann komi þessu fram, Eg. 765; ef ek kem hefndum fram, Ld. 262; koma fram lögum við e-n. Eg. 722:—koma e-u á, to bring about, introduce:—koma e-u af, to abolish; þó fékk hann því ekki af komit, Bs. i. 165; koma e-u af sér, to get rid of, Fs. 96, Eb. 40, 41:—koma e-u fyrir, to arrange; koma e-m fyrir, to get a place for one; hann kom honum fyrir í skóla: to destroy (fyrir-koma), hann kom hverjum hesti fyrir, Glúm. 356:—koma e-u upp, to open; áðr ek kom henni upp, before I could open it, Fms. iii. 74; kerling tekr hörpuna ok vildi upp koma ( open), nú fær hón upp komit hörpunni, Fas. i. 233; hann mátti lengi eigi orði upp koma fyrir harmi, it was long before he could speak, utter a word, Fms. vi. 234; sá svarar er mátti máli upp koma, vii. 288:—koma e-m undir, to overthrow one, get one down; varð at kenna afls-munar áðr hann kæmi honum undir, Eb. 172:—koma e-m undan, to make one escape. Fms. vii. 265, 623. 18:—ek ætla at koma mér útan, I think to go abroad, Nj. 261:—koma e-u við, to bring about, effect, to be able to do; ek mun veita þér slíkt sem ek má mér við koma, as I can, Nj.; þú munt öðru koma við en gabba oss, Anal. 77; hann kom því við ( brought about) at engi skyldi fara með vápn, Fms. vii. 240; ef váttum kvæmi við, in a case where witnesses were at hand, Íb. 12; liðit flýði allt þat er því kom við, all that could fled, Eg. 529; Guðmundr hafði almanna-lof hversu hann kom sér við ( how he behaved) þessum málum, Nj. 251; komi þeir til er því koma við, who can, Gþl. 371; menn skyldi tala hljótt ef því kæmi við, Sturl. iii. 147; ef því kemr við, if it is possible, Gþl. 429; urðu þeir at flýja sem því kómu við, Fb. ii. 187; ekki mun oss þetta duga, at hann komi boganum við, Nj. 96.C. Reflex. komask, to come to the end, get through, reach, Lat. pervenire; the difference between the active and reflex. is seen from such phrases as, hann kemr ef hann kemst, he will come if he can; or, eg komst ekki á stað, I could not get off; eg komst ekki fyrir íllviðri, I could not come for bad weather; or, to come into a certain state, with the notion of chance, hap, komask í lífs háska, to come into danger of life; komask í skipreika, to be shipwrecked, and the like; Þorfinnr kom öngu hljóði í lúðrinn, ok komsk eigi upp blástrinn, Fms. ix. 30; komask á fætr, to get on one’s legs, Eg. 748; hann komsk við svá búit í ríki sitt, Hkr. i. 76; meina honum vötn eða veðr svá at hann má ekki komask til þess staðar, Grág. i. 496; hann komsk með sundi til lands, Eg. 261; kómusk sauðirnir upp á fjallit fyrir þeim, Nj. 27; ef Gunnarr færi eigi utan ok mætti hann komask, 111; ef maðr byrgir mann inni í húsi, svá at hann má eigi út komask, so that he cannot get out, Grág. ii. 110; en allt fólk flýði með allt lausa-fé er með fékk komisk, with all the property they could carry with them, Fms. i. 153; ek komumk vel annar-staðar út, þótt hér gangi eigi, Nj. 202; komask á milli manna, to get oneself among people, intrude oneself, 168; komsk hann í mestu kærleika við konung, Eg. 12; komask at orði, to come by a word, to express oneself; einsog hann að orði komsk, passim.II. with prepp.; komast á, to get into use; það komst á:—komask af, to get off, escape, save one’s life; hann bað menn duga svá at af kæmisk skipit, Fms. x. 98; tveir druknuðu, en hinir kómusk af:—komask at e-u, to get at a thing, procure; mörgum manns-öldrum síðarr komsk at bók þeirri Theodosius, Niðrst. 10; Hrani gat komisk at trúnaði margra ríkra manna, Fms. iv. 62; þú hefir at þessum peningum vel komisk, ‘tis money well gotten, i. 256; eigi skaltú ílla at komask, thou shall not get it unfairly, vii. 124:—komast eptir, to enquire into, get information of:—komask fyrir, to prevent, come in another’s way:—koma hjá e-u, to evade, pass by, escape doing:—komast til e-s, to come towards, and metaph. to have time for a thing, ek komst ekki til þess, I have no time; eg komst ekki til að fara:—komask undan, to escape; allt þat lið er undan komsk, Eg. 261; ekki manns barn komsk undan, Fms. xi. 387; komask undan á flótta, Eg. 11:—komask við, to be able; komusk þeir ekki í fyrstu við atlöguna, Fms. vii. 264; ef hann vill refsa údáða-mönnum, ok má þó við komask, N. G. L. i. 123; brenn allt ok bæl, sem þú mátt við komask, Fær. 64; ef ek viðr of kœmimk, Hbl. 33; þá er ek komumk við, Eg. 319; komask við veðri, to get abroad, Rd. 252; hann lét þat ekki við veðri komask, Fms. vii. 165: to be touched (við-kvæmni), hann komsk við mjök ok felldi tár, iii. 57; eða hann komisk við ( repent) ok hverfi aptr at íllsku sinni, Greg. 41; þá komsk mjök við inn válaði, svá at hann matti eigi lengi orði upp koma fyrir harmi, Fms. vi. 234; þá komsk hón við ákaflega mjök, Clem. 32; með við komnu hjarta, with a touched heart, Bs. i. 561, Karl. 166:—komask yfir e-t, to overcome, get hold of; er hann komsk yfir fét, Bárð. 175.D. Part. kominn, in special phrases; inn komni maðr, a new comer, stranger, Gullþ. 47; at kominn, arrived; hinn aðkomni maðr, a guest; at kominn, just come to, on the brink of; kominn at andláti, at dauða, to be at the last gasp; var at komit, at …, it was on the point of happening, that …, Str. 8; vóru þeir mjök at komnir ( much exhausted) svá magrir vóru þeir, Fas. iii. 571:—heill kominn, hail! Blas. 42; vel kominn, welcome! vertu vel kominn! ver með oss vel kominn, Þiðr. 319, Fs. 158; hann bað þá vera vel komna, passim; so also, það er vel komið, ‘it is welcome,’ i. e. with great pleasure, granting a favour:—placed, ertu maðr sannorðr ok kominn nær frétt, Nj. 175; Pétri var svá nær komit, P. was so closely pursued, Fms. ix. 48; ok nú eigi allfjarri yðr komit, xi. 123; svá vel er sá uppsát komin, at …, ix. 368: situated, hann (the hospital) er kominn á fjall upp, is situated on a fell, Symb. 18; útsker þat er komit af þjóðleið, Eg. 369: metaph., vel, ílla kominn, well placed, in good, bad estate; ek þykjumk hér vel kominn; hann var vel til náms kominn, he was in a good place for learning, Bs. i. 153; þat fé er ílla komit er fólgit er í jörðu, Grett. 39 new Ed.; mér þykkir son minn hvergi betr kominn, methinks my son is nowhere better off, in better hands, Fms. vi. 5; lítt ertú nú kominn, Njarð. 376; þykkjumk ek hér vel kominn með þér, Nj. 258:—kominn af, or frá e-m, come of, descended from, Landn., Eb., passim:—kominn á sik vel, in a good state, accomplished, Orkn. 202; hverjum manni betr á sik kominn, Ld. 110; kominn á sik manna bezt, Ísl. ii. 203: vera á legg kominn, to be grown up, Fms. xi. 186; vera svá aldrs kominn, to be of such an age, Fs. 4, 13, Sturl. iii. 100, Fms. xi. 56; hér er allvel á komit, it suits well enough, Bs. i. 531: hann sagði henni hvar þá var komit, how matters stood, Nj. 271, Fms. ii. 152; hann undi vel við þar sem komit var, as it stood, in statu quo, Nj. 22; Sveinn segir honum sem komit var þessu máli, Fms. ii. 159; at svá komnu, as matters stand, Bs. i. 317; málum várum er komit í únýtt efni, Nj. 164, 190:—vera kominn til e-s, to be entitled to, have due to one; ef hann fengi þat er hann var eigi til kominn, Fms. x. 7; þeir er til einskis eru komnir, ix. 248; fá þeir margir af yðr sæmd mikla er til minna eru komnir, en hann, Eg. 111; þeim til sæmdar er til þess er kominn, Sks. 311, rétt komnir til konungdóms, rétt kominn til Noregs, right heir to the kingdom, to Norway, Fms. ix. 332; lézk Sigvaldi nú kominn til ráða við Astríði, xi. 104: fit for, entitled to, hann þótti vel til kominn at vera konungr yfir Danmörk, i. 65: shapen, þetta mál er svá til komit, vii. 130; sagðisk hann eigi verr til manns kominn en Sturla bróðir hans, Sturl.; eigi þóttusk þeir til minna vera komnir fyrir ættar sakir, entitled to less, Eb. 17.II. part. pres. komandi, a new comer, stranger, Fbr. 168, Stj. 525: one to come, future generations, verandum ok viðr-komendum, N. G. L. i. 121; allir menn verandi ok eptir-komandi, D. I. i. 3; komendr, pl. guests, comers. -
31 τέλος
A coming to pass, performance, consummation,εἰ γὰρ ἐπ' ἀρῇσιν τ. ἡμετέρῃσι γένοιτο Od.17.496
;ἐν [θεοῖς] τ. ἐστὶν ὁμῶς ἀγαθῶν τε κακῶν τε Hes.Op. 669
; δίκη δ' ὑπὲρ ὕβριος ἴσχει ἐς τ. ἐξελθοῦσα issuing in fulfilment, execution, ib. 218;καθάπερ ἐκ δίκης κατὰ νόμον τ. ἐχούσης PEleph.1.12
(iv B.C.), cf. IG12(7).67.48 (Arcesine, iv/iii B.C.);καθήκει νῦν [τὰν γνώμαν] ἐπὶ τέλος ἀχθῆμεν SIG793.7
(Halasarna, i A.D.); ἔλπομαι μέν, ἐν θεῷ γε μὰν τ. Pi.O.13.105, cf. N.8.45, 10.29, D.18.193;ἢν θεὸς ἀγαθὸν τ. διδῷ αὐτῷ X.Cyr.3.2.29
;ἐν πείρᾳ τ. διαφαίνεται Pi.N.3.70
;ψευστήσεις, οὐδ' αὖτε τ. μύθῳ ἐπιθήσεις Il.19.107
, cf. Isoc.5.71, 6.77; result,τ. δ' οὔ πώ τι πέφανται Il.2.122
;εἵως κε τ. πολέμοιο κιχείω 3.291
;ἐν γὰρ χερσὶ τ. πολέμου 16.630
; ἶσον τείνειεν πολέμου τ. 20. 101, cf. Hes.Th. 638 (but ἢ πολέμοιο ἢ λοιμοῖο τ. ποτιδέγμενοι the coming to pass (outbreak) of.., A.R.4.1282); τί μὰν ἀφήσει τ.; S. OC 1468 (lyr.); τί ἔσται τὸ τ. τῶν γιγνομένων τούτων ἐμοί; Hdt.1.155, cf. Isoc.6.50; ἀποίητον.. θέμεν ἔργων τ. undo things done, Pi.O.2.17; ὁδοῦ τ. S.OC 1400; φόνου τ. A.R.1.834;τοῦ δ' ὔμμι τέλος κρηῆναι ἔοικεν Id.3.172
; τῷ τ. πίστιν φέρων the outcome, S.El. 735; Ζεὺς πάντων ἐφορᾷ τ. Sol.13.17;ἀκόλουθον τὸ τ. ἐξέβη τοῦ κινδύνου ταῖς ἐπιβολαῖς Plb.4.11.9
;ἀμφίδοξα τὰ τ. τῶν κινδύνων αὐτοῖς ἀπέβαινε Id.18.28.11
, cf. 18.32.12, 3.5.7;τ. τοιόνδε ἐγένετο τῆς μάχης Hdt. 9.22
, cf. Plb.1.61.2; μάχης.. κεκύρωται τ. A.Ch. 874; διὰ μάχης ἥξω τέλους, = διὰ μάχης ἥξω, Id.Supp. 475; ἐπ' ἀμφότερα μαχᾶν τάμνειν τ. to seek to determine the issue of the battles in both directions, Pi.O.13.57; more generally, event,οὐ γὰρ ἔγωγέ τί φημι τ. χαριέστερον εἶναι ἢ ὅτε.. Od.9.5
: in concrete sense, result, product,τ. εὐπεψίας αἱματικῆς πιμελὴ καὶ στέαρ Arist.PA 672a4
, cf. GA 725b8.2 in contexts like Hes.Op. 669, Il.16.630 (v. supr.), τ. can be understood as power of deciding, supreme power, and so we haveτ. μὲν Ζεὺς ἔχει.. πάντων ὅσ' ἐστί Semon.1.1
;ἐν δ' ἐμοὶ τ. αὐτοῖν γένοιτο τῆσδε τῆς μάχης πέρι S.OC 423
; [Ἄπολλον].. ὅθεν πολεμόκραντον ἁγνὸν, τ. ἐν μάχᾳ A.Th. 162
(lyr.);τελέων τελειότατον κράτος, ὄλβιε Ζεῦ Id.Supp. 525
(lyr.);τ. ἔχει δαίμων βροτοῖς, τ. ὅπᾳ θέλει E.Or. 1545
(lyr.);τ. δ' ἐφ' ἡμῖν, εἴτε.. εἴτε.. Id.Hel. 887
; καὶ τοῖσ' (sc. ἰητροῖς) οὐδὲν ἔπεστι τ. they have no power or efficacy, Sol.13.58: and in the civil sphere, τ. ἔχειν, of persons, to have the power to ratify, IG12.57.25, Foed. ap. Th.4.118, Arist.Pol. 1322b13; ὅ τι ἂν δόξῃ τοῖς πλείοσι τοῦτ' εἶναι τ. the decision of the majority must be final, ib. 1317b6; κύριος ἔστω ἐπιβάλλειν κατὰ τὸ τ. shall have authority to inflict a fine up to the limit of his powers, Lexap.D.43.75;κατὰ τὸ τ. ζημιοῦσθαι Is.4.11
; τοῖς κατ' ἐμπορίαν παραγιγνομένοις μηδὲν ἔστω τ. πλὴν ἐπὶ κήρυκι ἢ γραμματεῖ Foed. ap. Plb.3.22.8; τ. ἔχειν, of things, to have decisive or final authority,σφῷν μὲν ἐντολὴ Διὸς ἔχει τ. δή A.Pr. 13
; ἡ.. τούτου αἰτίασις οὐκ ἔχει τ. has no validity, Antipho 5.89; πρὶν τ. τι αὐτῶν ἔχειν before any of the terms had validity, i.e. had been ratified, Th.5.41, cf. D.35.27; τοῦ ζῆν καὶ μὴ ζῆν τὸ τ. ἐστὶν ἐν τῷ ἀναπνεῖν the decisive difference between.., Arist.Resp. 480b19.3 magistracy, office,τ. δωδεκάμηνον Pi.N.11.9
( δυω- codd.); οἱ ἐν τ. men in office, magistrates, S.Aj. 1352, Ph. 385, Th.3.36; ἔξω τῶν βασιλέων καὶ τῶν μάλιστα ἐν τ. Id.1.10, cf. 6.88;οἱ ἐν τέλεϊ ἐόντες Hdt.3.18
, 9.106; poet.,οἱ ἐν τέλει βεβῶτες S.Ant.67
; οἱ τὰ τ. ἔχοντες Foed. ap. Th.5.47;ὂρ μέγιστον τ. ἔχοι Schwyzer409.3
(Elis, V B.C.);τοὺς.. τὸ ὁροφυλακικὸν τ. ἔχοντας SIG633.94
(Milet., ii B.C.); τὸ τ. the government, ; τὰ τ. the magistrates, Th. (with a masc. part. and pl. (v.l.) verb) 1.58, 4.15, X.An.2.6.4.4 decision, doom,Ζεὺς.. οἶδε, ὁπποτέρῳ θανάτοιο τ. πεπρωμένον ἐστί Il.3.309
;Κῆρες δὲ παρεστήκασι.., ἡ μὲν ἔχουσα τ. γήραος ἀργαλέου, ἡ δ' ἑτέρη θανάτοιο Mimn.2.6
; μήτηρ.. μέ φησι διχθαδίας Κῆρας φερέμεν θανάτοιο τέλος δέ (or τέλοσδε) Il.9.411, cf. 13.602; ἐξέφυγον θανάτου τ. Archil.6.3;τ. θανάτου ἀλεείνων Od.5.326
;τ. θανάτοιο κάλυψεν Il.5.553
;οὐδέ κέ μ' ὦκα τ. θανάτοιο κιχείη 9.416
, cf. 11.451;ἡμετέρου θανάτοιο κακὸν τ., οἷον ἐτύχθη Od.24.124
, cf. A.Th. 906 (lyr.):—judicial decision,ἀμμενῶ τ. δίκης Id.Eu. 243
; κύριον μένει τ. ib. 544 (lyr.); οὐκ ἔχουσα τῆς δίκης τ. not having authority to decide the case, ib. 729; ἦ κἀπ' ἐμοὶ τρέποιτ' ἂν αἰτίας τ.; will you submit the decision of this case to me? ib. 434;τὸ τ. κρίνειν Pl.Lg. 768b
; τ. ἐπιθέτω τῇ δίκῃ ib. 767a, cf. 761e, 957b; decision of an assembly, A. Supp. 603, 624; of a king, Id.Ag. 934; ἐξαιτράπης ἐὼν Ἰωνίης, τ. ἐποίησε τὴν γῆν εἶναι Μιλησίων prob. in SIG134b30 (Milet., iv B.C.); ὥς τοι ἐγὼ μύθου τ. ἐν φρεσὶ θείω the summing up or crux of the matter, Il.16.83.5 something done or ordered to be done, task, service, duty, γνῶ.. ὅ οἱ οὔ τι τ. κατὰ καίριον ἦλθεν on no fatal errand, Il.11.439 (nisi leg. κατακαίριον); οὐδὲ μακύνων τ. οὐδέν Pi.P.4.286
; ὅσοις τοῦτ' ἐπέσταλται τ. A.Eu. 743, cf. Ag. 908; μ' Ἀπόλλων τῷδ' ἐπέστησεν τέλει ib. 1202, cf. Ch. 760; ἄυπνα ὀμμάτων τέλη the wakeful duties (or services) of the eyes, E.Supp. 1137 (lyr.); ἀμφοτερᾶν τοι χαρίτων.. ζεύξω τ. the rendering of both services, Pi.I.1.6; αἰτουμένῳ μοι κοῦφον εἰ δοίης τ. a small service or favour, A.Th. 260;ἡξῶ ναὶ τὸν Πᾶνα κακὸν τ. αὐτίκα δωσῶν Theoc.4.47
; obligation to render a service or payment, ὅτε δὴ μισθοῖο τ. πολυγηθέες ὧραι ἐξέφερον the Payment(-day) of the wage, Il.21.450;οἱ δ' ἐλάττω τῶν ἱκανῶν κεκτημένοι, τὴν ἀναγκαίαν ἀτέλειαν ἔχοντες, ἔξω τοῦ τ. εἰσὶ τούτου D.20.19
, cf. Poll.8.156; ἐν τέλει μαθεῖν to be taught for a fee, Id.4.46.6 pl., services or offerings due to the gods,δαίμοσιν θῦσαι θέλουσα πελανόν, ὧν τέλη τάδε A.Pers. 204
;ἔνθ' ὁρίζεται βωμοὺς τ. τ' ἔγκαρπα Κηναίῳ Διί S.Tr. 238
; ἔλιπον Ζηνὶ τροπαίῳ πάγχαλκα τ. Id.Ant. 143 (anap.);γῇ δὲ τῇδε Σισύφου σεμνὴν ἑορτὴν καὶ τέλη προσάψομεν E.Med. 1382
;θεοῖσι μικρὰ θύοντες τέλη Id.Fr.327.6
; of the Eleusinian mysteries, οὗ πότνιαι σεμνὰ τιθηνοῦνται τ. S.OC 1050 (lyr.), cf. Fr. 837;σεμνῶν ἐς ὄψιν καὶ τ. μυστηρίων E.Hipp.25
; called μεγάλα τ., Pl.R. 560e; rarely in sg., τοῦδε μυστικοῦ τέλους this mystic rite, A.Fr. 387; of the marriage rite,τ. γάμοιο Od.20.74
, cf.A.R.4.1202, AP6.276 (Antip.); γαμήλιον τ. A.Eu. 835; τὰ νυμφικὰ τ. S.Ant. 1241;τ. ὁ γάμος ἐκαλεῖτο Poll.3.38
, cf. Paus.Gr.Fr.306, Sch.Ar.Th. 982, Stob.2.7.3a.7 service rendered by a citizen in the Solonian constitution to the state, also his rating according to this service, θητικοῦ ἀντὶ τέλους ἱππάδ' ἀμειψάμενος Epigr. ap. Arist.Ath.7.4; τιμήματι διεῖλεν εἰς τέτταρα τ. four ratings or classes, ib.7.3; later, τὸ τῶν ἱππέων τ., Lat. ordo equester, D.C.48.45, al.8 dues exacted by the state, Ar.V. 658 (pl.), Pl.R. 425d (pl.); ἀγορᾶς τ. a market- toll, Ar.Ach. 896; πορνικὸν τ. Aeschin.1.119; τ. πρίασθαι, πωλεῖν, farm a tax or let it, D.24.144, Aeschin. l.c.; ἐκλέγειν. πράττειν, levy it, D.l.c., Alex.263.3, Aeschin.3.113; τελεῖν pay a tax or duty, Pl.Lg. 847b; εἰ τὰ τ. τελεῖ, ποῖον τ. τελεῖ, questions put to candidates at Athens, Din.2.17, Arist.Ath.7.4;τέλη κατατίθησιν Antipho 5.77
;καταβαλεῖν And.1.93
; freq. in Inscrr., IG12.46.12, al., SIG135.14 (Olynthus, iv B.C.), al., and Papyri, τὸ ὡρισμένον τῆς αἰτήσεως τ., etc., POxy.1473.30 (iii A.D.), cf. PCair.Zen.240.7 (iii B.C.), etc.: metaph., τέλη λύειν, v. λύω v. 2.9 financial means, expenditure, usu. in dat. pl., ὃς ἂν τοῖς ἰδίοις τ. μὴ ἑαυτὸν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν πόλιν ὠφελῇ by the use of his own means, Th.6.16; κακῶς ἡμᾶς αὐτοὺς ποιούντων τέλεσι τοῖς οἰκείοις if we harm ourselves at our own expense, Id.4.60;ἀναγραψάτω.. τέλεσι τοῖς Λεωνίδου IG 12.56.22
, cf. 94.14, al.;Χερρόνησον τοῖς αὑτοῦ τ. διορύξει D.6.30
;δημοσίοις τέλεσι Plu.Phoc.38
: in nom. sg., μάτην γὰρ οἴκῳ σὸν τόδ' ἐκβαίη τ. E.Fr. 639.10 a military station or post with defined duties (cf. signf. 5), ἐλθεῖν εἰς φυλάκων ἱερὸν τ. Il.10.56; αἶψα δ' ἐπὶ Θρῃκῶν ἀνδρῶν τ. ἷξον ἰόντες ib. 470; δόρπον ἔπειθ' ἑλόμεσθα κατὰ στρατὸν ἐν τελέεσσιν at our posts, in the ranks, 11.730, cf. 18.298; later, military unit, division, squadron,τέλει ἑνὶ τῶν ἱππέων Th.2.22
, cf. 4.96;πελταστῶν τέλη E.Rh. 311
;κατὰ τέλεα Hdt.1.103
, 7.87, al.;κατὰ τέλη Th.6.42
, Plb.11.11.6, cf. 11.15.2, Polyaen.2.1.17; in the Roman army, legion, J.AJ14.16.2, BJ1.17.9, Plu.Ant.18.56, App.BC5.87, al.II δίρρυμά τε καὶ τρίρρυμα τέλη troops or columns of.. chariots, A.Pers.47 (anap.); of ships,τρία τ. ποιήσαντες τῶν νεῶν Th.1.48
: also ὀρνίθων τέλεα flocks of birds, v.l. for γένεα, Hdt.2.64;τ. ἀθανάτων A.Fr. 151
(anap.).12 a territorial division, Στρατικὸν τ. SIG421.44 (Acarnania, iii B.C.); Κορωνείων τὸ τ. Supp.Epigr.3.354 (Thebes, iii B.C.); τὸ Λοκρικὸν τ. GDI2070 (Delph., ii B.C.).II degree of completion or attainment,τόσσον μὲν ἔχον τ., οὔατα δ' οὔ πω.. προσέκειτο Il.18.378
; degree of maturity, age,ἐπὴν δὴ τοῦτο τ. παραμείψεται ὥρης Mimn.2.9
;ἥβης πρὶν τ. ἄκρον ἰδεῖν Simon.123
;ἥβης τ. μολόντας E.Med. 920
; εἰς ἀνδρὸς τ. ἰέναι man's estate, Pl.Mx. 249a;εἰς πρεσβύτου τ. ἀφικομένοις Id.Epin. 992d
;τὸ τῶν παίδων τ. ἄδηλον οἷ τελευτᾷ κακίας καὶ ἀρετῆς ψυχῆς τε πέρι καὶ σώματος Id.Smp. 181e
;οὐδὲ γήρως ἔβας τ. σὺν τᾷδε E.Alc. 413
(lyr.).b a length of time (or space), term, course, ἀρετάς, αἷσι Κλεωνυμίδαι θάλλοντες αἰεὶ σὺν θεῷ θνατὸν διέρχονται βιότου τ. Pi.I.4(3).5(23); so perh. in E.Hipp.87 (v. infr. 3), and in διὰ τέλους (v. infr. 2 c).2 state of completion or maturity, τ. λαβεῖν, ἔχειν, of plants or animals, to attain maturity, Pl.Phdr. 276b, Lg. 834c, cf. 899e: hence, completion, end, finish, τ. ἐπιθεῖναι τῷ λόγῳ complete it, Id.Smp. 186a, cf. Prt. 348a; ὃ πᾶσι τοῖς προτέροις ἐπ έθηκε τ. as a finish to all his former acts, D.18.140;τὸ τ. τῆς σκηνῆς ἐποιήσαντο X.Cyr.2.3.24
;ταύτης.. τῆς ἡμέρας τοῦτο τὸ τ. ἐγένετο Id.An.1.10.18
; τ. λαβεῖν to be completed, Pl.R. 501e, Isoc.4.5;τ. ἔχειν Pl.Lg. 772c
; οὐ τ. ἵκεο μύθων didst not reach the end of thy speech, Il.9.56;ἐπὶ τέλους τοῦ δρόμου Pl.R. 613d
; (ii B.C.); (ii B.C.), cf. BGU1816.11 (i B.C.);ἡ εἰκοστὴ τοῦ νοσήματος ἡμέρα τ. μὲν τριῶν ἑβδομάδων, ἓξ δὲ τετράδων Gal.18(2).234
:—freq. in Adverbial phrases:a τέλος at last,ὥστε τ. ἡσυχίαν ἦγον Th.2.100
, cf. 5.46; but most freq. at the beginning of the clause,μάχης δὲ καρτερῆς γενομένης, τέλος οὐδέτεροι νικήσαντες διέστησαν Hdt.1.76
, cf.4.131, al.;τέλος δέ Id.1.36
, Thgn. 1294, etc.; ἀλλὰ τ. Hdt.6.137;τ. μέντοι Id.5.89
, X.HG5.4.30;τ. γε μέντοι S.Ant. 233
; καὶ τ. Hdt.4.154, Th.1.109; τό γε τ. Pl.Lg. 740e.b < ἐς τ. in the end, in the long run,πάντως ἐς τ. ἐξεφάνη Sol.13.28
, cf. Hdt.9.37; εἰς τ. S.Ph. 409;θνητῶν δ' εἰς τ. ὄλβιος οὐδείς E.IA 161
(anap.), cf. Hdt.3.40; ὁρῶντες τὴν Λιβύην εἰς τ. ἀβλαβῆ διαμένουσαν altogether, completely, Plb.1.20.7, cf. PTeb.38.11 (ii B.C.), OGI90.12 (Rosetta, ii B.C.), PSI10.1120.5 (i B.C./i A.D.); ἐς τ. ἄνυε μοίρας dub. l. in Theoc.1.93.c διὰ τέλους (orig. perh. from signf. 1.1 or 5, or 11.1b, through the (whole) performance or time), through to the end, completely, A.Pr. 275, S.Aj. 685, E.Supp. 270, Isoc.5.24, 8.17, 19.4; throughout, all the time, always, Antipho 5.42, Timocl.8.5, Hegesipp.Com.2.3; soδιὰ τέλεος Hp.Acut.46
(= διὰ παντὸς καὶ ἀεί acc. to Gal.15.618);διὰ τέλους ἀεί Pl.Phlb. 36e
; permanently, for good, τοῦ ἀφεθῆναί σε διὰ τ. PPetr.2p.45 (iii B.C.).e τέλει perh. in the end, S.OT 198 (lyr.).3 esp. τ. ἔχειν βίου to have reached the end of life, to be dead, Pl.Lg. 801e;ἐμοὶ μὲν τοῦ βίου τὸ τ. ἤδη πάρεστιν X.Cyr.8.7.6
;πᾶσίν ἐστιν ἀνθρώποις τ. τοῦ βίου θάνατος D.57.27
;εἰς τ. τοῦ ζῆν ἀφικνεῖσθαι S.OC 1530
: less freq. abs., death,ἐλπίς ἐστι νύκτερον τ. μολεῖν A.Th. 367
(lyr.);οἱ νεηνίαι οὐκέτι ἀνέστησαν ἀλλ' ἐν τέλεϊ τούτῳ ἔσχοντο Hdt.1.31
; ἔχει τὸ κάλλιστον τ. X.Cyr.7.3.11; ἔχει τ., = τετελεύτηκε, Laconian phrase acc. to Hsch.;τῶν ἤδη τ. ἐχόντων Pl.Lg. 717e
, cf. 772c, BGU1857.7 (i B.C.); reversely,τ. ἔχει τινά Pl.Lg. 740c
;οἷόν σε βίου τ. εἷλε E.Rh. 735
(anap.):—but ὀλβίως ἔλυσεν τὸ τ. βίου has paid life's toll (cf. supr.1.8), S.OC 1720 (lyr.); τὸ τ. ὁ χρόνος ἀπαιτεῖ Poet. in Mus.Script.p.452 von Jan; alsoτ. δὲ κάμψαιμ' ὥσπερ ἠρξάμην βίου E.Hipp.87
(cf. supr. 11.1b); πρὶν ἂν πέλας (v.l. τέλος)γραμμῆς ἵκηται καὶ τ. κάμψῃ βίου Id.El. 955
-6.4 end, cessation, ὡς δὲ πρὸς τ. γόων ἀφίκοντ' S.OC 1621; πῶς τροχηλάτου μανίας ἂν ἔλθοιμ' ἐς τ. πόνων τ' ἐμῶν; E.IT83; ὅταν δὴ πημάτων λάβῃ τ. Id.Hel. 534;τ. δέχει δὴ τῶν ἐμῶν προσφθεγμά των Id.Hec. 413
;ἡ μὲν οὖν ἐπανάστασις.. τοῦτο τὸ τ. ἔσχεν Hell.Oxy.10.3
;ἐπειδὴ οὐχ οἷόν τε εἰς ἄπειρον, τ. ἔσται πάσης φορᾶς Arist.Metaph.
1074a30.5 end of a word, A.D.Pron.12.25, al.; of a sentence,ἐπὶ τέλει πρόσκειται Sor.1.43
, cf. Gal.15.20; of a chapter or book,ἐπὶ τέλει ἀναλυθήσεται Archim.Sph.Cyl.2.4
, cf. Gal.15.10;πρὸς τῷ τ. ῥηθήσεται Pl.Lg. 957b
;πρὸς τῷ τ. τοῦ ἐντέρου Arist.PA 675a16
; ἀπὸ τέλους τοῦ σταδίου, opp. ἀπὸ μέσου, Id.Ph. 239b34 (cf. infr. 111.2).III achievement, attainment,τηλοῦ ἐμοὶ νόστοιο τ. γλυκεροῖο γενέσθαι Od.22.323
, cf. Pi.N.3.25;τ. δὲ τῆς ἀπαλλαγῆς τοῦ Αἰθίοπος ὧδε ἔλεγον γενέσθαι Hdt.2.139
; πῶς ἂν καὶ τοῦτο τοῦ τ. τυγχάνοι, i.e. might be achieved, Gem.8.36.2 winning-post, goal in a race,πρὸς τ. ὀρνύμενον B.5.45
; in a contest,ἔστιν δ' ἀφάνεια τύχας καὶ μαρναμένων, πρὶν τ. ἄκρον ἱκέσθαι Pi.I.4(3).32(50)
; εἰς τ. ἐλθεῖν, of runners in a race, Pl.R. 613c.b prize, ἔφερε πυγμᾶς τ. Pi.O.10(11).67; οὐ γὰρ ἦν πενταέθλιον ἀλλ' ἐφ' ἑκάστῳ ἔργματι κεῖτο τ. Id.I.1.27;ποτὶ γραμμᾷ μὲν αὐτὰν στᾶσεκοσμήσαις, τ. ἔμμεν ἄκρον Id.P.9.118
(perh. 'to be the winning post and prize');κρίνεις τ. ἀρετᾶς B.10.6
: metaph.,οὐκ ἔχω εἰπεῖν τίνι τοῦτο Μοῖρα τ. ἔμπεδον ὤρεξε Pi.N.7.57
.3 Philos., full realization, highest point. ideal, ἅπτεσθαι τοῦ τ. Pl.Smp. 211b; πρὸς τ. ἰὼν τῶν ἐρωτικῶν ib. 210e;πρὸς τ. ἀρετῆς ἐλθόντα Id.Clit. 410e
, cf. R. 613c.b the end or purpose of action,τ. εἶναι ἁπασῶν τῶν πράξεων τὸ ἀγαθόν Id.Grg. 499e
; freq. in Arist., EN 1094a18, al.: hence, the final cause, = τὸ οὗ ἕνεκα, Id.Metaph. 994b9, 996a26, al.; hence simply = τὸ ἀγαθόν, the chief good, Id.EN 1097a21, Zeno Stoic.1.45, etc. -
32 τυγχάνω
Aτύγχανον Od.14.231
, ([etym.] παρετ-) Il.11.74: [tense] fut.τεύξομαι 16.609
, Od.19.314, Ar.Eq. 112, Lys.18.23 (also as [tense] fut. [voice] Med. of τεύχω): [tense] aor. 2 ἔτῠχον, [dialect] Ep. τύχον, Il.5.287, 587, etc.; [dialect] Ep. subj. τύχωμι, -ῃσι, 7.243, 11.116; later also τετύχῃσι, Max.577; late [dialect] Ep. opt.τετύχοιμι Man.3.299
: [dialect] Ep. also [tense] aor. 1ἐτύχησα Il.15.581
, al., Hes.Fr.15: [tense] pf. τετύχηκα (intr.) Od.10.88 (part. τετυχηκώς, v.l. τετυχηώς. Il.17.748), Th. 1.32, (trans.) X.Cyr.4.1.2, Isoc.3.59; later also τέτευχα, D.21.150 (cod. S), Arist.EN 1119a10, PA 647b15, freq. later, PEnteux.6.7 (iii B. C.), UPZ123.30 (ii B. C.), PStrassb.98.10 (ii B. C.), Inscr.Prien.108.287 (ii B. C.), etc.; [dialect] Dor. [tense] pf. inf. (Cos, iii B. C.); but [dialect] Ion. [tense] plpf.ἐτετεύχεε Hdt.3.14
; τέτυχα v.l. in Ep.Hebr.8.6, v.l. in J.BJ7.5.4, ([etym.] συν- ) Aristeas 180, etc.; part.τετυχώς Jahresh.29
Beibl. 163 (Stara Zagora):—[voice] Med., [tense] aor. 1 :— [voice] Pass., [tense] impf.ἐτυγχάνετο Ant.Lib.39.3
(dub.): elsewh. in compds, [tense] aor. 1 ἐτεύχθην ([etym.] ἐν-) Plb.35.6.1: [tense] pf. τέτευγμαι ([etym.] ἐπι-) Id.6.53.2.A happen to be at a place, εἴ πέρ τε τύχῃσι μάλα σχεδόν even if she be quite near, Il.11.116; μὴ σύ γε κεῖθι τύχοις may'st thou not be there, Od.12.106; ;πεδίοιο διαπρύσιον τετυχηκώς Il.17.748
(but in these last two places the meaning may be ' has been made' (though not by human agency), cf. [γαῖα] οὐδ' εὐρεῖα τέτυκται Od.13.243
;γυναικὸς ἄρ' ἀντὶ τέτυξο Il.8.163
, etc.; v. ad fin.).2 of events, and things generally, happen to one, befall one, come to one's lot, c. dat. pers., οὔνεκά μοι τύχε πολλά because much fell to me, Il.11.684;καί μοι μάλα τύγχανε πολλά Od.14.231
; , cf. Pers. 706 (troch.);οἷ' αὐτοῖς τύχοι S.Ph. 275
;εἴ τι δεσπόταισι τυγχάνει E.Alc. 138
: abs.,εἰ δ' αὖθ', ὃ μὴ γένοιτο, συμφορὰ τύχοι A.Th.5
, cf. Ag. 347, etc.;ἄριστα πρὸς τὸ τυγχάνον E.Hel. 1290
, cf. Ion 1511.b [tense] aor. part. ὁ τυχών, the first one meets, any chance person, Hes.Th. 973, Pl.R. 539d, etc.;οἱ τ.
everyday men, the vulgar,X.
Mem.3.9.10, etc.;εἷς ἦν τῶν τ. Isoc.10.21
; οὐχ ὁ τ. ἀνήρ, of Moses, Longin.9.9: so of things, τὸ τυχόν any chance result, Pl.Ti. 46e; ; οὐχ ὁ τ. λόγος no common discourse, Pl.Lg. 723e;σύνεσιν οὐ τὰν τυχοῦσαν Archim.
Spir.Praef.; οἱ τ. φόβοι trifling fears, Lycurg.37; καίπερ τὸ τ. καταβαλοῦσιν though they may have paid a trifling sum, Str.5.2.7:—Math., τυχὸν σημεῖον any point (at random), Euc.1.5, cf. 6.9; ἄλλα, ἃ ἔτυχεν, ἰσάκις πολλαπλάσια any other equimultiples taken at random, Id.5.4.3 in [ per.] 3sg. [tense] aor. or [tense] impf., impers. (sts. also pers.) in relat. clauses, as (when, where, etc.) it (he, she, etc.) happened (may happen, etc.), i. e. anyhow, at any time, place, etc., καὶ ἀρχομένοις καὶ μεσοῦσι καὶ ὅπως ἔτυχέ τῳ at the beginning, middle, or any other point, Th.5.20; ὡς ἔτυχε ζημιοῦσθαι to be penalized just anyhow, X.Mem.3.9.13; οὐχ ὡς ἔτυχεν in no ordinary manner, Men. Sam.79, BMus.Inscr.4.481*.340 (Ephesus, ii A. D.); τὴν μὲν δικαίαν, τὴν δ' ὅπως ἐτύγχανεν just anyhow, E.Hipp. 929; ἀποτετμάσθω δύο τμάματα ὡς ἔτυχεν let two segments be cut off at random, Archim. Con.Sph.24;χώρᾳ γ' ἐν ᾗ ἔτυχε X.Oec.3.3
;ὅπου ἔτυχεν Id.Cyr.8.4.3
;ὅπου ἂν τύχῃ Pl.Prt. 242e
; sometimes,Pl.
Phd. 89b; sometimes,E.
El. 1169 (lyr.); but, at any odd time, Th.1.142;ἡνίκ' ἂν τ. D.1.3
; ἂν τύχῃ, εἰ τύχοι, it may be, Pl.Cra. 430e, Hp.Mi. 367a;τὸ δέ, εἰ ἔτυχεν, οὐχ οὕτως ἔχει Id.Cra. 439c
;εἰ οὕτως ἔτυχεν Arist.Cat. 8b12
; mere chance,Pl.
Phlb. 28d: with attraction of the relat. Pron.,τὸ οἷς ἔτυχε προσκρούειν Plu.Cic.27
;ὡμίλει ᾧ τύχοι Plb.26.1.3
;ὧν ἔτυχε πιμπλάμενος Luc.Vit.Auct.9
; οὐδὲ γὰρ ὧν ἔτυχ' ἦν they were not just any acts, D.18.130.b c. acc. et inf.,ἔτυχε ὄμβρον συνεργῆσαι Plu.Alc.28
, cf. Ael.NA5.6; ἔτυχεν ὥστε .. D.C.39.12.4 sts. the Verb agrees in person and number with the subject of the principal clause, perhaps by assimilation, ἀπαίροντες ἀπὸ τῆς Πελοποννήσου ὁπόθεν τύχοιεν, for ὁπόθεν τύχοι, Th.4.26, cf. 93, 5.56, 7.70, Pl.Tht. 179c; ὅ τι ἂν τύχωσι, τοῦτο λέγουσι they say just anything, Id.Prt. 353a;ὅ τι ἂν τύχωσι, τοῦτο πράξουτιν Id.Cri. 45d
, cf. Grg. 522c, Smp. 181b; ;ὡς ἐτύγχανον ἕκαστοι, ηὐλίζοντο X.An.2.2.17
, cf. 3.1.3;τάχ' ἄν, εἰ τύχοιεν, σωφρονέστεροι γένοιντο D.15.16
;δουλεύειν μᾶλλον ἢ μεθ' ὁποτέρου ἂν τύχωσι τούτων ἐλευθέρους εἶναι Th.8.48
; πρὸς ὀργὴν ἥν τινα τύχητε ἔστιν ὅτε σφαλέντες τὴν τοῦ πείσαντος μίαν γνώμην ζημιοῦτε yielding to the impulse of the moment, Id.3.43; Ra. 945: with attraction of the relat. Pron.,οὓς ἂν τύχῃς ἐπαινῶν Isoc.12.206
.5 neut. part. τυχόν, used abs. like ἐξόν, παρόν, etc., since it so befell,οὕτως τ. Luc.Symp.43
.b as Adv., perchance, perhaps, Isoc.4.171, X.An.6.1.20, Pl.Alc.2.140a, 150c, D.18.221, 21.41, Men.Pk. 184, 1 Ep.Cor.16.6;τ. ἴσως Epich.277
, E.Fr.953.9, Men. Epit. 287, Plb.2.58.9; τυχὸν μὲν.., τυχὸν δὲ .. Arr.An.1.10.6, etc.II joined with the part. of another Verb to express a coincidence, τύχησε γὰρ ἐρχομένη νηῦς a ship happened to be, i. e. was just then, starting, Od.14.334;ξεῖνος ἐὼν ἐτύχησε παρ' ἱπποδάμοισι Γερηνοῖς Hes.Fr.15.3
, cf. Semon.7.19, Pi.N.1.49;πρυτανεία ἣ ἂν τυγχάνῃ πρυτανεύουσα IG12.63.27
, cf. 52; τὰ νοέων τυγχάνω what I happen to have, i.e. have at this moment, in my mind, Hdt. 1.88, cf. 8.65,68.ά; ἐτετεύχεε ἐπισπόμενος Id.3.14
; ὃ τυγχάνω μαθών which I have just learnt, S.Tr. 370; παρὼν ἐτύγχανον I was by just then, Id.Aj. 748; τυγχάνει καθεύδων he is sleeping just now, Ar.V. 336 (troch.); ἔτυχον στρατευόμενοι they were just then engaged in an expedition, Th.1.104; ἔτυχε κατὰ τοῦτο καιροῦ ἐλθών he came just at this point of time, Id.7.2; ἥτις δέ τοι μάλιστα σωφρονεῖν δοκεῖ, αὕτη μέγιστα τυγχάνει λωβωμένη she is just the one who.., Semon.7.109; but freq. τυγχάνω cannot be translated at all, esp. in phrase τυγχάνω ὤν, which is simply = εἰμί, S.Aj.88, Ar.Pl.35, Pl.Prt. 313c, etc.2 the part. ὤν is sts. omitted, ; εἴ σοι χαρτὰ τυγχάνει τάδε ib. 1457; νῦν δ' ἀγροῖσι τυγχάνει ib. 313;ἔνδον γὰρ ἄρτι τυγχάνει Id.Aj.9
;εἴ τις εὔνους τυγχάνει Ar.Ec. 1141
;εἰ σὺ τυγχάνεις ἐπιστήμων τούτων Pl.Prt. 313e
, cf. Grg. 502b, R. 369b, al.: sts. τυγχάνειν is used much like εἶναι, Σωτὴρ γένοιτ' ἂν Ζεὺς ἐπ' ἀσπίδος τυχών A.Th. 520; οὐκ ἀποδάμου τυχόντος not being absent, Pi.P.4.5 (cf. τόσσαις); ποῦ χρὴ τηνικαῦτα τυγχάνειν; E.IA 730
; τ. ἐν ἐμπύροις to be engaged in.., Id.Andr. 1113; freq. in Arist., , cf. 1289b16, Top. 151b11; also in later Gr.,τὰ ἑπτάμηνα γόνιμα τυγχάνειν Sor.1.55
, cf. 69, al.;νέος πάνυ τυγχάνων PLips. 40 ii 7
(iv A. D.), etc.:—Phryn.244 rejects this usage in Attic.b τυγχάνον, = τὸ ἐκτὸς ὑποκείμενον, the external reality, e. g. αὐτὸς ὁ Δίων as distd. both from the word ([etym.] φωνή) Δίων and its meaning, Stoic.2.48.c τὰ πράγματα τυγχάνοντα καλοῦσι (sc. οἱ Στωϊκοί) , τέλος γὰρ τὸ τυχεῖν τούτων, ib.77.3 later c. inf., τυγχάνομεν ἐπιδεδωκέναι we happen to have handed in.., we have just handed in.., PTeb.796.13 (ii B. C.), cf. PSI10.1118.8 (i A. D.), 1.39.4 (ii A. D.), Heliod. et Antyll. ap. Orib.44.8.21, 25, 44.23.21, Gal. 18(2).394.B gain one's end or purpose, succeed,οὐκ ἐτύχησεν ἑλίξας Il. 23.466
;εἰ τύχῃ τις ἔρδων Pi.N.7.11
, cf. 55; τὸ τυχεῖν, = νίκη, Id.O.2.51;πείθειν.. τυγχάνειν θ' ἅμα E.Hec. 819
;εἰ τύχοιμεν Th.4.63
; τυχόντες if successful, opp. σφαλέντες, Id.3.39, cf. 82, Pi.P.10.62;τυγχάνουσι καὶ ἀποτυγχάνουσι Arist.Po. 1450a3
;ὀρθῶς πράττειν καὶ τ. Pl.Euthd. 280a
; gain one's request, Hdt.1.213 (so τυχόντα γνώμης in Th.3.42); in speaking, to be right,τί νιν καλοῦσα.. τύχοιμ' ἄν; A.Ag. 1233
, cf. Ch.14, 317 (lyr.), S.Ph. 223, OC 1580; (lyr.):—[voice] Pass., impers., αὐτῷ πρὸς τὸ ἔργον οὐδὲν ἐτυγχάνετο nothing went right, dub. in Ant.Lib. 39.3:—in part. τυχήσας or τυχών, combined with νύξε, βάλε, οὖτα, etc., pierce, wound, etc., successfully, so that the whole phrase means hit,ἔγχεϊ νύξε κατὰ κληῗδα τυχήσας Il.5.579
, cf. 858, 12.394; βάλε δουρὶ κατὰ ζωστῆρα τυχήσας ib. 189; , cf. 5.98, 582, 13.371, 397, Od.19.452, al.; also conversely,θηρητὴρ ἐτύχησε βαλών Il.15.581
;βαλὼν τύχω Hdt.3.35
; also apart from such combinations, hit, c. gen.,προβιβάντος Il.16.609
;μηρίνθοιο 23.857
;τ. τοῦ σκοποῦ Pl.Lg. 717b
, cf. R. 523b, Th.2.35, X.An.3.2.19, Ap.1: c. dupl. gen.,εἰ.. τοῦ παιδὸς.. τύχω μέσης τῆς καρδίης Hdt. 3.35
: abs.,ἤμβροτες οὐδ' ἔτυχες Il.5.287
;αἰ κε τύχωμι 7.243
, Od.22.7.II hit upon, light upon:1 meet, fall in with persons, Αακεδαίμονι.. τυχήσας having met [him] in Lacedaemon, Od.21.13: c. gen., ; τριακτῆρος ib. 172 (lyr.);ἀγαθῶν ἀνδρῶν Lys.2.5
;γυναικῶν X.Smp.9.7
: with a predicate added,μή τευ μελαμπύγου τύχῃς Archil.110
;προφρόνων Μοισᾶν τ. Pi.I.4(3).43(61)
;θεῶν ἀμεινόνων τ. E.Heracl. 351
;ἐμοῦ.. οἰκητοῦ S.OT 1450
, cf. 677;ἡμῶν τ. οἵων σε χρή E.Hel. 1300
, cf. Lys.18.23;ἐρωτᾶτε αὐτοὺς ὁποίων τινῶν ἡμῶν ἔτυχον X.An.5.5.15
;τοῦ δαίμονος.. κακοδαίμονος Ar.Eq. 112
.2 light on a thing,τύχε γάρ ἀμάθοιο βαθείης Il.5.587
; attain, obtain a thing, c. gen.,πομπῆς καὶ νόστοιο Od.6.290
;αἰδοῦς Thgn.253
, cf. 256; [ οἴκτου] A.Pr. 241;ξυγγνώμης Th.7.15
; ; of meeting with misfortunes, βίης τυχεῖν meet with, suffer violence, Hdt.9.108; τραυμάτων, κακῶν, A.Ag. 866, E.Hec. 1280; δίκης, κρίσεως, Pl.Grg. 472d, Phdr. 249a, cf. Lg. 869b: abs., have the lot or fate,ἄλλος μὲν ἀποφθίσθω ἄλλος δὲ βιώτω, ὅς κε τύχῃ Il.8.430
; (where τὴν is governed by αἰτήσας).b after Hom. also c. acc. of neut. Adj. or Pron.,τὰ πρόσφορα A.Ch. 711
, cf. Eu.30, S.OC 1106, Ph. 509 (lyr.), E.Med. 758, Hec.51: later the acc. is used more freely,τ. ἐπίστασιν Sammelb.5235.15
(i A. D.); (ii A. D.);βοήθειαν PGoodsp.Cair.15.14
(iv A. D.); (iv A. D.); .c after either case a gen. pers. may be added, obtain a thing from a person,ὧν δέ σου τυχεῖν ἐφίεμαι S.Ph. 1315
;σου τοῦτο τ. Id.OC 1168
; or the pers. may be added with a Prep.,τ. ἐπαίνου ἔκ τινος Id.Ant. 665
;παρὰ σεῖο τ. φιλότητος Od.15.158
;τιμίαν ἕδραν παρ' ἀνδρῶν A.Eu. 856
(dub.);αἰδοῦς ὑπό τινος X.Cyr.1.6.10
, cf. Mem.4.8.10, etc.: abs.,χρὴ πρὸς μακάρων τυγχάνοντ' εὖ πασχέμεν Pi.P.3.104
.d c. inf.,οἶμαί σου τεύξεσθαι μεθεῖναί με Pl.Phlb. 50d
;ἐὰν ψαῦσαι τοῦ νεκροῦ τύχωμεν Plu.Pel.33
; οὐ τυχὼν ἐπιδείξειν ( = ἐπιδεῖξαι ) not having succeeded in proving, PPetr.3p.153 (iii B. C.). (Τυ-γ-χ-άνω, with ἐτύχησα, τετύχηκα, is formed from the [tense] aor. τυχ-εῖν, which was orig. the [tense] aor. [voice] Pass. (with act. form) of τεύχω 'make'; ἔτυχε = factum est, as ἔτραφον = I was nourished (v. τρέφω); senses A.1.1-3 are the oldest and are parallel toτεύχω 11
(esp.[voice] Pass.); many of the forms belong equally to both verbs; τιτύσκομαι like wise belongs to both verbs; τ (ε) υχ- from Θ (ε) υχ-, cf. ἀποθύσκειν, ἐνθύσκει, συνθύξω, and perh. Germ. taugen 'to be capable, useful', Engl. dow, doughty.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τυγχάνω
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33 hell
1. [hel] n1. ад, преисподняяto make smb.'s life a hell - образн. превратить чью-л. жизнь в ад
to suffer /to go/ through hell - образн. переносить муки ада
2. разг.1) игорный дом; притон2) дешёвый ресторан или бар3. что-л. очень сложное или неприятное; мука4. редк.1) ящик, куда портной бросает обрезки2) полигр. ящик для сломанных литер5. амер. печь для сжигания отходов производства (на лесозаводах и т. п.)♢
hell of a... - а) чертовский, адский, невыносимый; a hell of a noise - адский /невыносимый/ шум; a hell of a comedown! - чертовская неудача!; ≅ дьявольски не повезло!; a hell of a place - проклятое место; б) чертовскиwe had the hell of a time - а) мы прекрасно провели время; б) нам чертовски не повезло; мы ужасно провели время
like hell - а) сильно, стремительно; отчаянно; to work like hell - работать с остервенением /как чёрт, здорово/; it's raining like hell - льёт как из ведра; I'll miss you like hell - я буду чертовски скучать без тебя, мне тебя будет очень не хватать; he ran like hell - он мчался как безумный; б) в эмоц. отрицании чёрта с два
will you see Mr. X.? - Like hell I will! - вы увидите г-на X.? - Как бы не так! /Чёрта с два!/
as hell - чертовски, адски, ужасно
sure as hell - непременно, безусловно, точно
what /why, who, where/ the hell - какого чёрта; чёрт побери
what the hell are you doing here? - какого чёрта вы тут торчите?
what the hell do I care? - мне на это в высшей степени наплевать!
what the hell do you want? - что вам нужно, чёрт побери?
who the hell are you? - кто ты такой, чёрт (тебя) побери?
go to hell! - пошёл к чёрту!
to hell with him! - ну его к чёрту!; пошёл он к чёрту!
hell's bells (and buckets of blood)!, hell's fire!, hell's wheels! - чёрт!; чёрт возьми!
the hell of smth. - суть, соль чего-л., самое главное
the hell of it was that nobody could understand him - всё дело в том, что никто его не понимал
hell for leather см. hell-for-leather
hell and /or/ high water - тяжкие испытания
he led his men through hell and high water - он провёл своих людей сквозь огонь и воду
come hell or high water - несмотря ни на что; вопреки всему
just for the hell of it - ради удовольствия; бесцельно, просто так
broke all the windows just for the hell of it - перебил все окна за здорово живёшь
to hell and gone - а) в высшей степени; б) очень далеко; ≅ у чёрта на рогах /на куличках/; к чёрту на рога /на кулички/
to get /to catch/ hell - получить нагоняй
to give smb. hell - дать кому-л. нагоняй, взгреть кого-л.; задать кому-л. жару
to raise hell - устроить скандал, поднять шум
to play hell with smth. - разрушить что-л. до основания; исковеркать что-л.
to be hell on - а) быть ужасно трудным /мучительным/ (для кого-л.); б) обходиться слишком строго или сурово (с кем-л.); she was hell on her servants - она тиранила прислугу; в) быть гибельным, пагубным (для кого-л., чего-л.)
these country roads are hell on the tires - эти просёлочные дороги - гибель для покрышек
to be hell for smth. - быть всей душой за что-л.
all hell broke /was let/ loose - поднялся адский шум; началось настоящее светопреставление
hell is paved with good intentions - ≅ ад вымощен благими намерениями
2. [hel] v разг.better to reign in hell than serve in heaven - посл. ≅ лучше править в аду, чем прислуживать в раю
1. гулять, кутить (обыкн. hell around)2. мчаться, нестись3. [hel] intчёртoh hell! - чёрт возьми!
bloody hell! - прост. проклятье!, чёрт возьми!
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34 hell
1. [hel] n1. ад, преисподняяto make smb.'s life a hell - образн. превратить чью-л. жизнь в ад
to suffer /to go/ through hell - образн. переносить муки ада
2. разг.1) игорный дом; притон2) дешёвый ресторан или бар3. что-л. очень сложное или неприятное; мука4. редк.1) ящик, куда портной бросает обрезки2) полигр. ящик для сломанных литер5. амер. печь для сжигания отходов производства (на лесозаводах и т. п.)♢
hell of a... - а) чертовский, адский, невыносимый; a hell of a noise - адский /невыносимый/ шум; a hell of a comedown! - чертовская неудача!; ≅ дьявольски не повезло!; a hell of a place - проклятое место; б) чертовскиwe had the hell of a time - а) мы прекрасно провели время; б) нам чертовски не повезло; мы ужасно провели время
like hell - а) сильно, стремительно; отчаянно; to work like hell - работать с остервенением /как чёрт, здорово/; it's raining like hell - льёт как из ведра; I'll miss you like hell - я буду чертовски скучать без тебя, мне тебя будет очень не хватать; he ran like hell - он мчался как безумный; б) в эмоц. отрицании чёрта с два
will you see Mr. X.? - Like hell I will! - вы увидите г-на X.? - Как бы не так! /Чёрта с два!/
as hell - чертовски, адски, ужасно
sure as hell - непременно, безусловно, точно
what /why, who, where/ the hell - какого чёрта; чёрт побери
what the hell are you doing here? - какого чёрта вы тут торчите?
what the hell do I care? - мне на это в высшей степени наплевать!
what the hell do you want? - что вам нужно, чёрт побери?
who the hell are you? - кто ты такой, чёрт (тебя) побери?
go to hell! - пошёл к чёрту!
to hell with him! - ну его к чёрту!; пошёл он к чёрту!
hell's bells (and buckets of blood)!, hell's fire!, hell's wheels! - чёрт!; чёрт возьми!
the hell of smth. - суть, соль чего-л., самое главное
the hell of it was that nobody could understand him - всё дело в том, что никто его не понимал
hell for leather см. hell-for-leather
hell and /or/ high water - тяжкие испытания
he led his men through hell and high water - он провёл своих людей сквозь огонь и воду
come hell or high water - несмотря ни на что; вопреки всему
just for the hell of it - ради удовольствия; бесцельно, просто так
broke all the windows just for the hell of it - перебил все окна за здорово живёшь
to hell and gone - а) в высшей степени; б) очень далеко; ≅ у чёрта на рогах /на куличках/; к чёрту на рога /на кулички/
to get /to catch/ hell - получить нагоняй
to give smb. hell - дать кому-л. нагоняй, взгреть кого-л.; задать кому-л. жару
to raise hell - устроить скандал, поднять шум
to play hell with smth. - разрушить что-л. до основания; исковеркать что-л.
to be hell on - а) быть ужасно трудным /мучительным/ (для кого-л.); б) обходиться слишком строго или сурово (с кем-л.); she was hell on her servants - она тиранила прислугу; в) быть гибельным, пагубным (для кого-л., чего-л.)
these country roads are hell on the tires - эти просёлочные дороги - гибель для покрышек
to be hell for smth. - быть всей душой за что-л.
all hell broke /was let/ loose - поднялся адский шум; началось настоящее светопреставление
hell is paved with good intentions - ≅ ад вымощен благими намерениями
2. [hel] v разг.better to reign in hell than serve in heaven - посл. ≅ лучше править в аду, чем прислуживать в раю
1. гулять, кутить (обыкн. hell around)2. мчаться, нестись3. [hel] intчёртoh hell! - чёрт возьми!
bloody hell! - прост. проклятье!, чёрт возьми!
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35 lot
lot1) (a person's fortune or fate: It seemed to be her lot to be always unlucky.) skjebne, lodd2) (a separate part: She gave one lot of clothes to a jumble sale and threw another lot away.) del, parti3) (one article or several, sold as a single item at an auction: Are you going to bid for lot 28?) nummer•- lots- a lot
- draw/cast lotsbande--------masse--------mengde--------skjebne--------tomtIsubst. \/lɒt\/1) lodd, loddtrekning2) lott, andel, del3) lodd, skjebne4) ( film) innspillingsområde, studio5) (spesielt amer.) tomt, plass, område6) ( på auksjon) nummer7) ( handel) parti8) (hverdagslig, særlig britisk) selskap, samling, gjeng9) ( hverdagslig) masse, mange, for en stor del, i høy grad(be) a bad lot (være) en slabbedaskby lot ved loddtrekningcast\/throw in one's lot with stå last og brast med, gjøre felles sak medcast\/draw lots trekke loddfall to someone's lot falle i noens lodd bli noens skjebnea fat lot you care! eller a fat lot you know about it! det bryr vel ikke du deg et døyt om!• that's a fat lot!• that's a fat lot of good!a lot mye, massealle, alle sammenlot of things eller lots of things en masse, en hel haug, veldig mye, veldig mangelots masse, massevis, en hel hauglots and lots of massevis, masser avlots of nok av, massevis avquite a lot en hel del, ganske mye, ikke så rent liteIIverb \/lɒt\/1) ( også lot out) utstykke (jord)2) dele opp i partierlot on regne med, glede seg til -
36 λείπω
Aἔλειπον Il.19.288
, etc.: [tense] fut.λείψω 18.11
: [tense] aor. 1 ἔλειψα, part. (= Antiph.32), elsewh. only late, Plb.12.15.12 ( παρ-), Str.6.3.10 ( παρ-), Ps.-Phoc.77 (ἀπ-), etc.; uncompounded, Ptol.Alm.10.4, Luc.Par.42, Ps.-Callisth.1.44 (cod. C); also in later Poets, Man.1.153, Opp.C.2.33, and in Inscrr., Epigr.Gr.522.16 ([place name] Thessalonica), 314.27 ([place name] Smyrna), etc.: but correct writers normally use [tense] aor. 2ἔλῐπον Il.2.35
, A.Pers. 984 (lyr.), etc.: [tense] pf.λέλοιπα Od.14.134
: [tense] plpf. ἐλελοίπειν ([dialect] Att. -η) X.Cyr.2.1.21:—[voice] Med., in prop. sense chiefly in compds.: [tense] aor. 2ἐλιπόμην Hdt.1.186
, 2.40, E.HF 169, etc. (in pass. sense, Il.11.693, al.):—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. [voice] Med. in pass. sense , Hdt.7.8.ά, 48; alsoλειφθήσομαι S.Ph. 1071
, λελείψομαι Il.24.742, Th.5.105, etc.: [tense] aor.ἐλείφθην, λείφθην Pi.O.2.43
; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl. : [tense] pf.λέλειμμαι Il.13.256
, Democr.228, Pl.Ti. 61a, etc.: [tense] plpf.ἐλελείμμην Il.2.700
; [dialect] Ep.λέλειπτο 10.256
: [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. alsoἔλειπτο A.R.1.45
, etc.:1 leave, quit, Ἑλλάδα, δώματα, etc., Il.9.447, Od.21.116, etc.: with a neg., [σκόπελον] οὔ ποτε κύματα λείπει Il.2.396
;νιν.. χιὼν οὐδαμὰ λ. S.Ant. 830
(lyr.); χερσὶν ὕπο Τρώων λείψειν φάος ἠελίοιο, i.e. die, be killed, Il.18.11;λ. τὸν βίον ὑπό τινος Pl.Lg. 872e
; λ. βίον, βίοτον, etc., S.El. 1444, E.Hel. 226 (lyr.), etc.;αὐτόχειρι σφαγῇ λ. βίον Id.Or. 948
.b conversely,τὸν δ' ἔλιπε ψυχή Il.5.696
, Od.14.426;τὸν.. λίπε θυμός Il.4.470
;ἔπειτά με καὶ λίποι αἰών 5.685
, cf. Od.7.224;λίπε δ' ὀστέα θυμός Il.16.743
; ψυχὴ δὲ λέλοιπεν (sc. ὀστέα) Od.14.134; νῦν δ' ἤδη πάντα λέλοιπεν (sc. ἐμέ) ib. 213; in these two last passages some take it intr., is gone, v. infr. 11.2 leave behind, leave at home,παιδὶ τὸν ἐν μεγάροισιν ἔλειπες Od.13.403
, cf. Il.5.480; esp. of dying men, leave (as a legacy), Ἀτρεὺς δὲ θνῄσκων ἔλιπεν πολύαρνι Θυέστῃ [τὸσκῆπτρον] 2.106; , cf. S.Aj. 973; παῖδα ὀρφανὸν λ. ib. 653; λ. ἄρρενας, θυγατέρας, Pl.Lg. 923e, 924e;λ. εὔκλειαν ἐν δόμοισι A.Ch. 348
(lyr.):—also in [voice] Med., leave behind one (as a memorial to posterity),μνημόσυνον λιπέσθαι Hdt.1.186
, 6.109, al.;λιπέσθαι τιμωρούς E. HF 169
;διαδόχους ἐμαυτῷ Plu.Aem.36
, etc.b leave standing, leave remaining, spare,οἰκίαν οὐδεμίαν X.An.7.4.1
;μηδένα Id.HG2.3.41
, Pl.R. 567b, etc.3 leave, forsake, Il.17.13, etc.;λ. τινὰ χαμαί Pi.O.6.45
; ; τὴν αὑτοῦ φύσιν λ. ib. 903;λ. τὴν τάξιν Pl.Ap. 29a
, etc.; λ. ἐράνους fail in paying.., D.27.25, cf. 25.22; λ. δασμόν, φοράν, X.Cyr.3.1.1, 34; λ. μαρτυρίαν, ὅρκον, fail in.., D.49.19, 59.60, λ. δίκην allow it to go by default, SIG134b24 (Milet., iv B.C.); λοιβὰς.. οὐ λίπε neglected them not, IG3.1337.8.b conversely, λίπον ἰοὶ ἄνακτα they failed him, Od.22.119.4 Math., lose or drop something, i.e. have something subtracted from it, τὸ KP λιπὸν τὸ BO the area KP minus the area BO, Apollon.Perg.3.12, cf. Ptol.Alm. 10.4, al., Dioph.2.21.II intr., to be gone, depart, Epigr.Gr.149.2 ([place name] Rhenea); v. supr. 1.1b.2 to be wanting or missing,οὔ τί πω ἔλιπεν ἐκ τοῦδ' οἴκου.. αἰκία S.El. 514
(lyr.); (lyr.); (lyr.); λείπουσιν αἱ ἐκ τῆς κεφαλῆς [τρίχες] Arist.HA 518a24;ἔτι ἕν σοι λείπει Ev.Luc.18.22
; τί λείπει τῶν ἐπιτηδείων αὐταῖς; Plb.10.18.8; τί γάρ σοι λείπει; Arr.Epict.2.22.5, cf. Diog.Oen.64; [εἰς τὴν προκειμένην πραγματείαν] τὸ ὑφ' οὗ γίνεται.. μὴ ῥηθὲν οὐ λείπει is not needed, Marcellin.Puls.69: c. inf., λείπει μὲν οὐδ' ἃ πρόσθεν ἤδεμεν τὸ μὴ οὐ βαρύστον' εἶναι nihil absunt quin.., S.OT 1232: so c. gen.,βραχὺ λείπει τοῦ μὴ συνάπτειν Plb.2.14.6
, etc.; πρότασις τῆς προειρημένης λείπουσα ὑποθέσει a proposition containing less in the hypothesis than that aforesaid, Papp.648.1: freq. with numerals,κεφάλαιον γίγνεται μικροῦ λείποντος πέντε καὶ δέκα τάλαντα Lys.19.43
;οὐ πολὺ λεῖπον τῶν ἐνενήκοντα ἐτῶν Plb.12.16.13
; : generally,παντὸς μὲν οὖν λείπει Pl.Lg. 728a
; ὁ λιπών ib. 759e; τὸ λεῖπον what is lacking, Plb.4.38.9, etc.; esp. Gramm., to be incomplete, of a phrase,λειπούσης τῆς φράσεως A.D.Adv.159.28
, al.; to be wanting, omitted,λείποντος τοῦ καί Id.Conj.225.24
: also c. dat.,λείπει ἡ κεῖνος φωνὴ τῷ ε ¯ Id.Adv.147.17
.b of the moon, to be invisible (cf. λειψιφαής), Plot.2.3.5.c λείποντα εἴδη, in Algebra, = λείψεις, negative terms, Dioph.1Def.10.B [voice] Pass., to be left, left behind,ἄλοχος Φυλάκῃ ἐλέλειπτο Il.2.700
;οἱ δ' οἶοι λείπονται Od.22.250
, etc.; also ὀπίσσω, μετόπισθε, κατόπισθε λ., Il.3.160, 22.334, Od.21.116; παῖδες.. μετόπισθε λελειμμένοι left behind in Troy, Il.24.687;μόνα.. νὼ λελειμμένα S.Ant.58
, etc.; τὸ λειπόμενον βίου (v.l. βιοτᾶς) Ariphron 1 (= IG3.171).b Math., to be subtracted: τὸ ἀπὸ τῆς ΔΦ λειφθὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀπὸ τῆς ΔΑ ποιεῖ .., the square on ΔΦ subtracted from the square on ΔΑ gives.., Ptol.Alm. 10.7.2 remain, remain over and above,τριτάτη δ' ἔτι μοῖρα λέλειπται Il.10.253
; ;ὀλίγων σφι ἡμερέων λείπεται σιτία Hdt.9.45
;ὃ πᾶσι λ. βροτοῖς.. ἐλπίς E.Tr. 681
;αὐτόνομοι ἐλείφθημεν Th.3.11
;ἕως ἄν τι λείπηται Id.8.81
: impers., λείπεται it remains, Pl.Tht. 157e: c.acc. et inf.,πεπληρῶσθαί με Id.Phdr. 235c
.II c. gen.,1 to be left without, to be forsaken of,κτεάνων λειφθεὶς καὶ φίλων Pi.I.2.11
;σοῦ λελειμμένη S. Ant. 548
; but στρατὸν λελειμμένον δορός which has been left by the spear, i.e. not slain, A.Ag. 517.2 to be left behind in a race, Il. 23.407, 409, Od.8.125; λελειμμένος οἰῶν lingering behind the sheep, 9.448; λείπετ'.. Μενελάου δουρὸς ἐρωήν he was left a spear's throw behind Menelaus, Il.23.529; ἐς δίσκουρα λέλειπτο he had been left behind as much as a quoit's throw, ib. 523; , cf. E.Hipp. 1244; τοῦ κήρυκος μὴ λείπεσθαι not to lag behind the herald, Th.1.131; but ἀπό τινος to be left behind by one, Il.9.437, 445; λ. βασιλέος or ἀπὸ βασιλέος by the king, Hdt.8.113, 9.66; λείπεσθαι τοῦ καιροῦ to be behind time, X.Cyr.6.3.29;τῆς ναυμαχίης Id.7.168
;τῆς ἐξόδου Id.9.19
; but, λείπου μηδὲ σύ, παρθέν', ἀπ' οἴκων fail not [to come] from the house, i.e. follow us, dub. in S. Tr. 1275 (anap.): abs., to be left behind, be absent, Hdt.7.229, 8.44.3 come short of, be inferior to, τινος, like ἐλαττοῦσθαι, ἡττᾶσθαι, ὑστερεῖσθαί τινος, because the Verb has a comp. sense, Id.7.48, etc.; οὐκ ἔσθ' ὁποίας λείπεται τόδ' ἡδονῆς falls short of.., E.Fr.138.3; λείπεσθαί τινος ἔς τι or ἔν τινι, Hdt.1.99, 7.8. ά (v. infr. 4);περί τι Plb.6.52.8
; ; ;ξύνεσιν οὐδενὸς λ. Th.6.72
;πλήθει λ. X.HG7.4.24
;πλήθει ἡμῶν λειφθέντες Id.An.7.7.31
; οὐδ' ἔτι θηρὸς ἐλείπετο δερκομένοισιν, i.e. resembled.., Epic.in Arch.Pap.7p.4: also c. gen. rei,λειφθῆναι μάχης E.Heracl. 732
;οὐδὲν σοῦ ξίφους λελείψομαι Id.Or. 1041
: Math., τὸ ἐγγραφὲν τοῦ περιγραφέντος ἐλάσσονι λείπεται the inscribed figure falls short of the circumscribed by less than.., Archim.Con.Sph.21: also c. dat. rei,λειφθῆναι μάχῃ A.Pers. 344
: c. part.,οὐδὲν ἐμοῦ λείπει γιγνώσκων X.Oec.18.5
; λέλειψαι τῶν ἐμῶν βουλευμάτων you come short of, understand not my plans, E.Or. 1085;λέλειμμαι τῶν ἐν Ἕλλησιν νόμων Id.Hel. 1246
: abs., to be defeated, Plb.1.62.6;ὑπό τινος AP11.224
(Antip.); λείπεσθαι ἐν [τῇ ἀγορανομίᾳ], Lat. repulsam ferre, Plu. Mar.5, etc.: abs., in part., ἄνδρας λελειμμένους inferior men, A.Fr. 37; also, the poor,IG
14.1839.7.4 to be wanting or lacking in a thing, fail of or in, c. gen.,ὀδυρμάτων ἐλείπετ' οὐδέν S.Tr. 937
;γνώμας λειπομένα σοφᾶς Id.El. 474
(lyr.); ; λελ. λόγου failing to heed my word, S.Aj. 543; μῆνας ἓξ.. λειπόμενος (sc. τῶν εἴκοσι ἐτῶν) Epigr.Gr. 519 ([place name] Thessalonica); also,λ. ἐν τῷ μὴ δύνασθαι μηδ' ὁρᾶν S.OC 495
; v. supr.3.5 to be in need of,τῆς σῆς βοηθείας A.D.Synt.289.28
. (I.-E. leiq[uglide]-, cf. Lat. li-n-quo, Skt. ric-, [tense] pres. [ per.] 3sg. ri-ṇa-k-ti 'leaves', etc.) -
37 great
ɡreit1) (of a better quality than average; important: a great writer; Churchill was a great man.) stor, fremragende2) (very large, larger etc than average: a great crowd of people at the football match.) stor, svær3) (of a high degree: Take great care of that book.) svært god4) (very pleasant: We had a great time at the party.) storartet5) (clever and expert: John's great at football.) kjempegod/-flink•- greatly- greatnessbegjærlig--------betydelig--------flott--------ivrig--------nidkjær--------stor--------sværtIsubst. \/ɡreɪt\/bare i uttrykkgreat and small store og små, høy og lavthe great(s) de store, storhetene, essenede rike og fornemme, de mektigeIIadj. \/ɡreɪt\/1) stor2) stor (og imponerende)3) stor, viktig, betydningsfull, vesentlig, hoved-4) stor, berømt, fremstående, fremragende, eminent, ledende, dyktig5) dyp, sterk, mektig, stor6) fornem, fin7) ( om tid) lang8) stor(-), skikkelig, ivrig, flittig9) herlig, flott, storartet, fantastisk, vidunderlig• that's great!(be) a great one for (være) entusiastisk opptatt av, -entusiastgreat at svær til, god til, flink tilgreat big veldig stor(a) great deal en hel del, temmelig mye(a) great many eller (a) great number en hel del, mangegreat on svært opptatt avIIIadv. \/ɡreɪt\/( hverdagslig) utmerket, godt, veldig bra -
38 spend
spendpast tense, past participle - spent; verb1) (to use up or pay out (money): He spends more than he earns.) bruke penger2) (to pass (time): I spent a week in Spain this summer.) tilbringe•- spent- spendthriftforbruke--------tilbringeIsubst. \/spend\/( hverdagslig) utgift, utleggII1) ( om penger) bruke, gi ut, legge ned, ofre, spandere, forbruke, sløse bort, koste (på)• he spent £150 on the coathan brukte £150 på jakken2) bruke opp, legge ned, forbruke, uttømme, ødsle borthun brukte alle kreftene sine på jobben bare for å finne ut at det var helt bortkastet3) tilbringe, fordrive4) ( sjøfart) miste5) anvende, bruke6) (hverdagslig, vanligvis preteritum) få orgasme, ejakulerespend a penny ( slang) slå lens, late vannetspend freely strø om seg med pengerspend one's breath snakke forgjevesspend oneself slite seg ut, ofre alle sine krefter rase ut -
39 full
[ful] 1. adjective1) (holding or containing as much as possible: My basket is full.) fuld; fyldt2) (complete: a full year; a full account of what happened.) hel; fuld; udtømmende3) ((of clothes) containing a large amount of material: a full skirt.) vid2. adverb1) (completely: Fill the petrol tank full.) op2) (exactly; directly: She hit him full in the face.) direkte i; lige i•- fully- full-length
- full moon
- full-scale
- full stop
- full-time
- fully-fledged
- full of
- in full
- to the full* * *[ful] 1. adjective1) (holding or containing as much as possible: My basket is full.) fuld; fyldt2) (complete: a full year; a full account of what happened.) hel; fuld; udtømmende3) ((of clothes) containing a large amount of material: a full skirt.) vid2. adverb1) (completely: Fill the petrol tank full.) op2) (exactly; directly: She hit him full in the face.) direkte i; lige i•- fully- full-length
- full moon
- full-scale
- full stop
- full-time
- fully-fledged
- full of
- in full
- to the full -
40 hell
hell [hel]enfer m• oh hell! merde ! (inf !)► a/one hell of a• let's get the hell out of here barrons-nous (inf !)• what the hell! (in surprise) merde alors ! (inf !) ; (dismissive) qu'est-ce que ça peut bien faire !• what the hell does he want now? qu'est-ce qu'il peut bien vouloir maintenant ?• where the hell have I put it? où est-ce que j'ai bien pu le foutre ? (inf !)• to hell with him! qu'il aille se faire voir ! (inf)• to hell with it! la barbe ! (inf)• go to hell! va te faire voir (inf) !► to give sb hell ( = make their life a misery) rendre la vie infernale à qn ; ( = scold) passer une engueulade (inf !) à qn* * *[hel] 1.2) (colloq) fig enfer mto go through hell — en baver (colloq)
a neighbour from hell — (colloq) un voisin infernal or insupportable
3) (colloq) ( as intensifier)he's one hell of a smart guy — US c'est fou ce qu'il est intelligent (colloq)
we had a hell of a time — ( bad) on en a bavé (colloq); ( good) on s'est payé du bon temps (colloq)
it sure as hell wasn't me — une chose est sûre, ce n'était pas moi
get the hell out of here! — dégage! (colloq)
like hell I will/you are! — pas question!
‘it's a good film’ - ‘like hell it is!’ — ‘c'est un bon film’ - ‘tu rigoles (colloq)!’
why/who the hell? — pourquoi/qui bon Dieu? (colloq)
how the hell should I know? — comment je pourrais le savoir, bon Dieu? (colloq)
oh, what the hell! — ( too bad) tant pis!
2.to hell with it! — je laisse tomber! (colloq)
(sl) exclamation bon Dieu! (colloq)go to hell! — (colloq) va te faire voir! (colloq)
••all hell (colloq) broke loose — le raffut a éclaté
come hell or high water — (colloq) coûte que coûte
there was hell to pay — il/elle l'a payé cher
to catch hell — (colloq) US prendre un savon (colloq)
to do something for the hell of it — (colloq) faire quelque chose pour le plaisir
to give somebody hell — (sl) ( cause to suffer) rendre la vie dure à quelqu'un; ( scold) engueuler (colloq) quelqu'un
to raise (merry) hell — (colloq) faire une scène ( with somebody à quelqu'un)
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