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81 Aufhellung
Auf·hel·lung <-, -en> f1) ( Blondierung) lightening2) ( Erhellung) clarification, illumination3) ( das Aufhellen) brightening;es kam zu zeitweisen \Aufhellungen the weather brightened up from time to time -
82 εἰρεσία
A rowing, oarage,πρῶτα μὲν εἰρεσίη, μετέπειτα δὲ κάλλιμος οὖρος Od.11.640
;εἰρεσίῃ χρᾶσθαι Hdt.1.203
, 4.110;εἰρεσίας ζυγόν S.Aj. 249
(lyr.);εἰ. τῶν τριήρων Arist.Mete. 369b10
: metaph.,εἰ. πτερῶν Luc.Tim.40
; παρὰ δ' εἰρεσίᾳ μαστῶν ἕπεται Ἀστυάναξ close to her throbbing breast, E.Tr. 570 (anap.);εἰρεσίῃ γλώσσης Dionys.Eleg.4.3
.II in collective sense, rowers, oarsmen, E.Hel. 1453(lyr.), AP7.287 (Antip.(?)); ξυνέχειν τὴν εἰ. keep the oars together or make the rowers keep time, Th.7.14.III pl., rowers' benches, Plb.1.21.2. (The [dialect] Ep. form, due to metrical lengthening, is retained in Prose.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εἰρεσία
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83 μέσος
μέσος, η, ον, also Arc. (v. ἰμέσος, μεσακόθεν); [dialect] Ep. [full] μέσσος (also [dialect] Aeol., Sapph.1.12, IG11(4).1064b32, and Lyr., Pi.P.4.224, and sts. in Trag., E.HF 403 (lyr.), S.OC 1247 (lyr.), Tr. 635 (lyr.), Ant. 1223, 1236, Fr.255.5), [dialect] Boeot., Cret. [full] μέττος, IG7.2420.20 (iii B. C.), GDI 5000 iiA b 2 (v B. C.):—middle, in the middle,I of Space, esp. with Nouns, of the middle point or part,μ. σάκος Il.7.258
;ἱστίον 1.481
; οὐρανός zenith, Od.4.400; μ. ἀπήνης from mid chariot, S.OT 812; ἐν αἰθέρι μ. in mid-air, Id.Ant. 416; μ. μετώπῳ in the middle of the forehead, PRyl.128.30 (i A. D.): in Prose freq. preceding the Art.,κατὰ μέσον τὸν σταθμόν X.An.1.7.14
; ἐν μ. τῇ χώρᾳ ib.2.1.11; ἐκ μ. τῆς νήσου, κατὰ μ. τὴν νῆσον, Pl.Criti. 113d, 119d; ἐπὶ μέσου τοῦ τμάματος at the middle point of the segment, Archim.Aequil.1.6; ἁ ἐπὶ μέσαν τὰν βάσιν ἀγομένα (sc. εὐθεῖα) ib.12: sts. following the Noun,ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ μέσῃ D.29.12
: less freq. midmost, central, of three or more objects,μ. ὁδός Thgn.220
, 331; ὁ μ. [δάκτυλος] Pl.R. 523c; τὸ μ. στῖφος the central division of the army, X.An.1.8.13; μέσον, τό, centre,ἡ ἐπὶ τὸ μ. φορά Iamb.Protr.21
.b with a Verb, ἔχεται μ. by the middle, by the waist, prov. from the wrestling-ring, Ar.Eq. 387 (lyr.), cf. Ach. 571 (lyr.), Nu. 1047, Ra. 469;μέσην λαβόντα Id.Ach. 274
, cf. Hdt.9.107, D.53.17;ὁ πέπλος ἐρράγη μ. Philippid.25.5
.c c. gen., midway between,ἑνὸς καὶ πλήθους τὸ ὀλίγον μ. Pl.Plt. 303a
(also μ. ἐπ' ἀμφότερα, ibid.):—S. hasμέσος ἀπὸ [τοῦ κρατῆρος] τοῦ τε πέτρου OC 1595
.2 of Time, Hom. only in phrase μέσον ἦμαρ midday, Il.21.111, Od.7.288, Pi.P.9.113;μέσαι νύκτες Sapph.52
, Hdt.4.181, X. An.7.8.12, etc.;θέρευς ἔτι μέσσου ἐόντος Hes.Op. 502
;χειμῶνος μέσου Ar.Fr.569.1
;μ. ἡμέρα Hdn.8.5.9
; μ. ἡλικία middle age, Pl.Ep. 316c: soμέσοι τὴν ἡλικίαν E.Ep.5
; μέσος ἀκμῆς v.l. in Theoc.25.164.3 metaph., impartial, Th.4.83, PLond.1.113(1).27 (vi A.D.).b inter-mediate, freq. c. gen.,μ. τις γέγονα χρηματιστὴς τοῦ τε πάππου καὶ τοῦ πατρός Pl.R. 330b
;ψιλὸν μὲν τὸ π ¯, δασὺ δὲ τὸ φ ¯, μέσον δὲ ἀμφοῖν τὸ β ¯ D.H.Comp.14
(v. infr. d); ἡ τρίτη καὶ μ. τῶν εἰρημένων δυεῖν ἁρμονιῶν ib.24; ὁ μ. χαρακτήρ ib.21; indeterminate, Luc.Par.28; τὰ μ. things indifferent (neither good nor bad), Stoic.3.135, al.; of words such as τύχη, EM626.38; ζῴδια (neither lucky nor unlucky) Vett.Val.93.9;μ. δίαιτα Diocl.Fr.141
, cf.Sor.1.46.c Gramm., of Verbs, middle, Eust. 1846.30, etc.; μ. διάθεσις, σχήματα, A.D.Synt.226.10, 210.18; μ. ἐνεστώς present middle, ib.278.25.d Gramm., of consonants, Lat. mediae, i. e. β ¯ γ ¯ δ ¯, D.T.631.23: but also of semi-vowels, Pl.Phlb. 18c: of accent, ὀξύτητι καὶ βαρύτητι καὶ τῷ μέσῳ, i. e. the circumflex, Arist. Po. 1456b33.II middling, moderate,1 of size, μέσοι ὀφθαλμοί, ὦτα, γλῶττα, Id.HA 492a8,33, b31; μ. μεγέθει ib. 496a21, PPetr.1p.37 (iii B. C.); μ. alone, of middle height, PGrenf.2.23 (a) ii 3 (ii B. C.), POxy. 73.13 (i A. D.), etc.2 of class or quality,πάντων μέσ' ἄριστα Thgn. 335
; (lyr.);μ. ἐν πόλει Phoc.12
; μ. ἀνήρ a man of middle rank, Hdt.1.107;μ. πολίτης Th.6.54
;τὰ μ. τῶν πολιτῶν Id.3.82
(soτῶν ἀνὰ πόλιν τὰ μ. Pi.P.11.52
); οἱ μ., between οἱ εὔποροι and οἱ ἄποροι, Arist.Pol. 1289b31, 1295b3; οἱ μ. πολῖται ib. 1296a19; τὸ μ. ib. 1295b37; μ. [πολιτεία] ib. 1296a7;ὁ μ. βίος Luc.Luct.9
; mediocre, Pl.Prt. 346d; τῶν ἑταιρῶν αἱ μ. Theopomp. Com.21. Adv. μέσως, ἱκανόν fairly adequate, Phld.Rh.2.4S.III μέσον, τό, midst, intervening space, mostly with Preps.,a ἐν μέσσῳ, = ἐν μεταιχμίῳ, Il.3.69,90;ἐν τῷ μ.
in the midst,Ev.Matt.
14.6; ἡ 'ν μέσῳ [μοῖρα] σῴζει πόλεις the middle class, E.Supp. 244: withoutἐν, ἔμβαλε μέσσῳ Il.4.444
;ἔνθορε μέσσῳ 21.233
;μέσσῳ ἀμφοτέρων 3.416
, 7.277;τῶνδέ τ' ἐν μ. πεσεῖν E.Ph. 583
;ἐν μ. λόγους ἔχειν Id.Hel. 630
;μῆκος ἐν μ. χρόνου A.Supp. 735
;χρόνος οὑν μ. E.Ph. 589
(troch.); τὰ ἐν μ. what went between, S.OC 583; οἱ ἐν μ. λόγοι the intervening words, Id.El. 1364, E.Med. 819;κλίνης ἐν μ. Id.Hec. 1150
; ἐν μ. ἡμῶν καὶ βασιλέως between us and him, X.An.2.2.3;σοφίας καὶ ἀμαθίας ἐν μ. Pl.Smp. 203e
; ἐν μ. νυκτῶν at midnight, X.Cyr.5.3.52; ἆθλα κείμεν' ἐν μέσῳ offered for competition (cf. infr. b), D.4.5, cf. Thgn.994, X.An.3.1.21; ἡ τιμὴ ἐν τῷ μέσῳ ἔστω deposited with the court, Herod.2.90: without ἐν, καὶ μέσῳ πάντες καὶ χωρὶς ἕκαστος both collectively and severally, IG12(5).872.27,31,38, al. ([place name] Tenos): in pl.,κεῖτο δ' ἄρ' ἐν μέσσοισι Il.18.507
;ἐν μέσοισ' Xenoph.1.7
; ἐν μέσῳ εἶναι τοῦ συμμεῖξαι to stand in the way of.., X.Cyr.5.2.26; ἡ γὰρ θάλαττα ἐν τῷ μ. is an obstacle, Id.Ath.2.2;οὐδεὶς ἐν μέσσῳ γείτων πέλεν Theoc.21.17
;οὐδὲν ἂν ἦν ἐν μ. πολεμεῖν ἡμᾶς D.23.183
; cf. ἰμέσος.b ἐς μέσον, ἐς μ. ἀμφοτέρων, freq. in Hom. for ἐς μεταίχμιον, Il.4.79, 6.120; ἀνδρὶ δὲ νικηθέντι γυναῖκ' ἐς μέσσον ἔθηκε deposited her as a prize (cf. supr. a), 23.704;ἐς μ. δεικνύναι τινί τι Pi.Fr.42.3
; ἐς μ. ἵεσθαι, ἐλθεῖν, παρελθεῖν, S.Tr. 514 (lyr.), Theoc.22.183, Plu. Agis9;ἐς μέσον ἀμφοτέροισι.. δικάσσατε Il.23.574
; ἐς τὸ μ. φέρειν bring forward publicly, Hdt.4.97, D.18.139;ἐς τὸ μ. λέγεσθαι Hdt. 6.129
; ἐς μ. Πέρσῃσι καταθεῖναι τὰ πρήγματα to give up the power in common to all, Id.3.80; ἐς μ. τὴν ἀρχὴν τιθεὶς ἰσονομίην ὑμῖν προαγορεύω ib. 142.c ἐκ τοῦ μέσου away,ἐκ μ. ἀνελεῖν D.10.36
, 18.294; [χειρόγραφον] ἦρκεν ἐκ τοῦ μ. Ep.Col.2.14
, cf. Arr.Epict.3.3.15; also ἐκ μ. a half,ἔτη ὀκτὼ καὶ ἔνατον ἐκ μ. Th.4.133
; also ἐκ μ. κατῆστο remained in the middle, i. e. neutral (cf.ἐκ 1.6
fin.), Hdt.3.83, cf. 4.118, 8.22,73.d διὰ μέσου between,τὸ διὰ μ. ἔθνος Id.1.104
;διὰ μ. ποιεῖσθαι X.Cyr.6.3.3
; διὰ μ. γενέσθαι intervene, of an event, Th.4.20: c. gen.,διὰ μέσου τῆς πόλεως ῥεῖ ποταμός X. An.1.2.23
; διὰ μ. ῥεῖ τούτων ποταμός ib.1.4.4, etc.;τὸ τούτων διὰ μ. Pl.Lg. 805e
; also οἱ διὰ μέσου the middle party, the moderates, Th. 8.75, X.HG5.4.25; τὸ διὰ μ. the middle class, Arist.Pol. 1296a8; of Time,ὁ διὰ μ. χρόνος Hdt.9.112
; ἡ διὰ μ. ξύμβασις an interim agreement, Th.5.26; διὰ μέσου, as a figure of speech, use of parenthesis, Hdn.Fig.p.95S.e ἀν (ὀν) τὸ μ. in the midst, Alc.18.3, Xenoph.1.11, Thgn.839; ἀνὰ μέσον midway between, Arist.HA 496a22, Antiph. 13, Theoc.22.21, etc.;ἀνὰ μ. τοῦ ναοῦ καὶ τοῦ βωμοῦ GDI2010
(Delph.), cf. PTeb.13.9 (ii B. C.), al.;θρὶξ ἀνὰ μέσσον Theoc.14.9
; ; also ἀνὰ μέσον φέρε, = μετρίως, Men.531.18.f κατὰ μέσσον, = ἐν μέσῳ, Il.5.8, 16.285, etc.: c. gen., κὰδ δὲ μέσον τάφρου καὶ τείχεος ἷζον between, 9.87.2 μέσον, τό, difference, τὸ μ. πρὸς τὰς μεγίστας καὶ ἐλαχίστας the average between.., Th.1.10; πολλὸν τὸ μ., πολὺ τὸ μ., the difference is great, Hdt.1.126, E.Alc. 914 (anap.); τὸ μ. οὐδὲν τῆς ἔχθρης ἐστί there is no middle course for our enmity, Hdt.7.11.3 middle state, mean,τὸ μ. καὶ τὸ εὖ Arist.EN 1109b26
; ποιήματα μέσα, opp. ὀγκώδη, in the (correct) mean, Phld.Po.5.5. Adv. -ως, ἀναστρέφεσθαι Id.Rh.1.155S.
4 in Logic, τὸ μ. the middle term of a syllogism, opp. τὰ ἄκρα, Arist.APr. 66a30; also ὁ μ. (sc. ὅρος) ib. 25b33.5 Math., middle terms in a proportion, Euc.6.16; μέση, or μέση (μέσος) ἀνάλογον a mean proportional (straight line or number), ib.13, 17, 8.11, 12, al.;μέσης εὕρεσις Arist.de An. 413a19
, Metaph. 996b21; μέση medial, a specific kind of irrational (straight line), Euc.10.21, al.; μέσον ὀρθογώνιον ([etym.] χωρίον) medial rectangle (area), ib.24, al.6 Astron., ὁ διὰ μέσων τῶν ζῳδίων κύκλος the ecliptic, Hipparch.1.9.3,4, Gem.2.21, Ptol.Alm.2.7: without κύκλος, Eudox. ap. Arist.Metaph. 1073b20, Hipparch.1.9.12; simply,ὁ διὰ μέσων D.L.7.146
; but, ὁ μέσος [κύκλος] the equator of a rotating sphere, Arist.Metaph. 1073b30.7 μέσα, τά, = μέζεα, Blaes.p.191 K.b = κοιλία 1.3, Herod.Med. ap. Orib.5.27.3, Gal.14.732: sg., Heph.Astr.1.1 (v.l. τὰ μέσα Cat.Cod.Astr.8(2).45).8 Μέσον, τό, one of the law-courts at Athens, Phot., Sch.Ar.V. 120.9 οὐ τοῖς μέσοις τῆς βίας χρωμένη no ordinary force, Hierocl.p.15 A.IV μέση, ἡ, as Subst., v. μέση.V Adv. μέσον, [dialect] Ep. μέσσον, in the middle, Il.12.167, Od.14.300: c. gen., between,οὐρανοῦ μ. χθονός <τε> E.Or. 983
(lyr.), cf. Arr.Epict.2.22.10; in the midst of,μ. τῆς θαλάσσης LXX Ex.14.27
;μ. γενεᾶς σκολιᾶς Ep.Phil.2.15
: also in pl., (lyr.), cf. Nic.Fr.74.26.2 regul. Adv.μέσως, πόλεώς τ' οὐ μ. εὐδαίμονος E.Andr. 873
, cf. Hec. 1113, Isoc.9.23; καὶ μ. even in a moderate degree, even a little, Th.2.60; μ. ἔχειν πρός or περί τι to be in the mean.., Arist.EN 1105b28, 1119a11;θερμότερον ἢ κραυρότερον ἢ μ. ἔχον Eub.7.1
, cf. Sosip. 1.53; μ. βεβιωκέναι in a middle way, i. e. neither well nor ill, Pl.Phd. 113d;μ. μεθύων Men.226
; μ. διατιθέναι in an intermediate way, D.H. Comp.14.b Gramm., in the middle voice, A.D. Synt.276.21.VI irreg. [comp] Comp.μεσαίτερος Pl.Prm. 165b
: [comp] Sup.μεσαίτατος Hdt.4.17
, Arist.Mu. 392b33, Gem.9.3, etc.; poet.μεσσότατος A.R.4.649
, Man. 6.373. (Cf. Skt. mádhyas 'middle', Lat. medius, etc.) -
84 μέτριος
I of Size, μ. ἄνδρες men of average height, Hdt.2.32; μ. πῆχυς the common cubit, Id.1.178; ἰσχὰς μ. a fair-sized fig, Diocl.Fr.140; of Time, μ. μῆκος λόγων the proper length of speech, Pl.Prt. 338b; μ. χρόνος ἀκμῆς a fair average time of maturity, Id.R. 460e.II of Number, [ἱππεῖς] μ. a reasonable number of.., X. Cyr.2.4.14.III mostly of Degree, moderate, ;μ. νῦν ἔπος εὔχου A.Supp. 1059
(lyr.);μ. χάρις E.IA 554
(lyr.);σῖτος -ώτατος X.Lac.1.3
; τὸ μ. the mean, S.OC 1212 (lyr.), cf. Pl.Lg. 719e, Plt. 284e;ὁμολογεῖται τὸ μ. ἄριστον καὶ τὸ μέσον Arist.Pol. 1295b4
;περαιτέρω τοῦ μ. X.Mem.3.13.5
;πέρα τοῦ μ. Thphr.CP6.1.4
;ἐνδοτέρω τοῦ μ. Plu.2.656f
;τὰ μ. E.Med. 125
(anap.);εἴη γ' ἐμοὶ μέτρια Id. Ion 632
;τὰ μ. κεκτῆσθαι X.Mem.2.6.22
;μ. καὶ δίκαια Ar.Nu. 1137
; μ. φιλία a friendship not too great, E.Hipp. 253 (anap.);μετρίων λέκτρων μετρίων δὲ γάμων.. κῦρσαι θνητοῖσιν ἄριστον Id.Fr. 503
(anap.); μ. ἐσθῆτι χρῆσθαι simple dress, Th.1.6; μετρία φυλακῇ not in strict custody, Id.4.30;βίος μ. καὶ βέβαιος Pl.R. 466b
; μ. σχῆμα modest apparel, Id.Grg. 511e;μ. οὐσίαν κεκτῆσθαι Arist.Pol. 1292b26
; οἱ μ. respectable people, D.18.10; later, poor,μ. καὶ δυστυχεῖς POxy.120.7
(iv A. D.), etc.: with inf., ὅσον οἰόμεθα μέτριον εἶναι πιεῖν just sufficient, Pl.Phd. 117b.2 tolerable,οἷς μὴ μ. αἰών S.Ph. 179
(lyr.);ἀπὸ τῶν μ. ἐπ' ἀμήχανον ἄλγος Id.El. 140
(lyr.);μ. ἄχθος E.Alc. 884
(anap.); ; ναύταις μ. χειμὼν φέρειν ib. 688; μετρίων δεομένῳ making a moderate request, Hdt.4.84;τυχεῖν τῶν μετρίων Lys.9.4
; τὰ μ. tolerable terms. Decr. ap. D.18.165;ἐπὶ μετρίοις Th.4.22
; μηδὲν μ. λέγειν nothing tolerably accurate, Pl.Tht. 181b; - ωτάτη ἡ δημοκρατία least intolerable, Arist.Pol. 1289b4, cf. Men.532.17 ([comp] Sup.).3 of Persons, moderate in desires and the like , temperate, Ar.Pl. 245; -ώτεροι ἐς τὰ πολιτικά Th.6.89
;μ. πρὸς τὰς ἡδονάς Pl.Lg. 816b
;σώφρων καὶ μ. πρὸς τὴν καθ' ἡμέραν δίαιταν Aeschin.3.170
;ἐν τῷ σίτῳ X.Cyr.5.2.17
; of Love, μάκαρες οἳ μ. θεοῦ (sc. Ἀφροδίτης) (lyr.), cf. Fr. 967 (lyr.);εἰ δ' ἦσθα μ. τἄλλα γ' ἡδίστη θεῶν πέφυκας Id.Hel. 1105
; also, moderate, fair, Thgn.615, Pl.R. 396c, etc.; a favourite word in democratic states,μ. καὶ φιλάνθρωπος D.21.185
; σαυτὸν -ώτερον παρέχειν ib.134; μ. πρὸς τοὺς ὑπηκόους mild towards.., Th.1.77.B Adv. μετρίως moderately, within due limits,ἀπηγήσεσθαι Hdt.2.161
; in due measure, neither exaggerating nor depreciating,εἰπεῖν Th.2.35
; ;μ. περὶ αὑτῶν διαλεχθέντες Isoc.12.171
; μ. ἔχειν to be in due proportion, neither too much nor too little, Pl.Tht. 191d; μ. ἔχειν βίου to be moderately well off, Hdt.1.32;μ. φιλοσοφίας ἔχειν Pl.Euthd. 305d
: [comp] Comp. μετριώτερον (infr. 3), also - ωτέρως Arist.HA 587a1: [comp] Sup. - ώτατα Th.6.88, etc.2 enough,μ. κεχόρευται Ar.Nu. 1511
(anap.);μ. πρὸς τὴν ἐμὴν ἀνάγκην εἰρημένα Id.Ec. 969
; moderately, pretty well,ἐν οἰκουμένῃ καὶ μ. πολιτείᾳ Pl.Lg. 936b
;σωφρονοῦσι καὶ μ. D.6.19
; μ. [λέγειν] Men.Pk. 262;ἀποδέξασθαι μ. Pl. Tht. 161b
.3 modestly, temperately, , cf. HF 709;ἀποκρίνασθαι X.An.2.3.20
;μ. βεβιωκώς Lys. 16.3
(but μ. διάγειν to be moderately off, X.Hier.1.8);πενθεῖν μ. Antiph.53.1
;φέρειν Plb.3.85.9
; on fair terms,μ. ξυναλλαγῆναι Th.4.19
, cf. 20: [comp] Comp. - ώτερον, πρός τινας φρονεῖν X.Cyr.4.3.7
.4μ. ἔχειν
to be in 'middling' health,PLips.
108.6 (ii/iii A. D.).II neut. μέτριον and μέτρια as Adv.,μέτριον ἔχειν Pl.Lg. 846c
(sed leg. μέτρον); μέτρια βασανισθείς Id.Sph. 237b
: also with Art.,τὸ μέτριον ἀποκοιμηθῆναι X.Cyr.2.4.26
;τὰ μέτρια διαφέρεσθαι Th.4.19
, cf. 8.84.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > μέτριος
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85 ποῖος
A of what kind? in Hom. commonly expressing surprise and anger, π. τὸν μῦθον ἔειπες what manner of speech hast thou spoken! Il.1.552, al.; , al.; simply,ποῖον ἔειπες 13.824
, Od.2.85, al.;ποῖον ἔρεξας Il.23.570
; ποῖοί κ' εἶτ' Ὀδυσῆϊ ἀμυνέμεν what sort would ye be to.. ! Od.21.195; in simple questions,ποίῃ.. νηΐ σε ναῦται ἤγαγον; 16.222
;κοίῃ χειρί; Hdt.4.155
, cf. A.Th. 304 (lyr.), etc.; ποῖος οὐ interrog., equiv. to every affirm., Hdt.7.21, S.OT 420, etc.2 freq. in Com. and Prose dialogue, used in repeating a word used by the former speaker, to express scornful surprise, Πρωτέως τάδ' ἐστὶ μέλαθρα. Answ.ποίου Πρωτέως; Ar.Th. 874
, cf. Ach.62, 157, 761, Nu. 367, Pl.Tht. 180b, Grg. 490e, Chrm. 174b: twice in Trag., S. Tr. 427, E.Hel. 567: with Art.,τὰν ποίαν σύριγγα; Theoc.5.5
: abbrev. ποῖ (q.v.).3 with the Art., when the question implies a Noun which is defined by the Art. or the context,τὸ π. εὑρὼν.. φάρμακον; A.Pr. 251
;τὰ π. τρύχη; μῶν ἐν οἷς..; Ar.Ach. 418
; λέγεις δὲ τὴν π. κατάστασιν ὀλιγαρχίαν; Answ. : freq. with the demonstr., ὁ ποῖος οὗτος Λάμαχος; Answ.ὁ δεινός, ὁ ταλαύρινος.. Ar.Ach. 963
, cf. Nu. 1270, Timocl.12.4 (corr. Elmsley): sts. the answer is given more generally, S.OT 120, 291, OC 1415, Ph. 1229: in Prose,τὸ π.; Pl.Sph. 220e
, etc.;τὸ π. δή; Id.Tht. 147d
, Phdr. 279a;τὰ π. ταῦτα; Id.Cra. 395d
, etc.;τῆς π. μερίδος γενέσθαι τὴν πόλιν ἐβούλετ' ἄν; D.18.64
: so also without the Art.,κοῖα ταῦτα λέγεις; Hdt.7.48
; π. Ἐρινὺν τήνδε..; what sort of Fury is this that..? A.Ag. 1119; π. ἐρεῖς τόδ' ἔπος; what sort of word is this that thou wilt speak? S.Ph. 1204 (lyr.), cf. 441, etc.4 ποῖός τις; making the question less definite,κοῖόν μέ τινα νομίζουσι Πέρσαι εἶναι; Hdt.3.34
, cf. S.OC 1163, X.HG4.1.6, etc.: with Art.,τὰ ποῖ' ἄττα; Id.Cyr.3.3.8
, cf. Pl.Sph. 240c.II like ὁποῖος, in indirect questions,διδάξω.. ποῖα χρὴ λέγειν A.Supp. 519
, cf. Pr. 196, S.Ph. 153 (lyr.), etc.; ; οὐκ οἶδα ὁποίᾳ τόλμῃ ἢ ποίοις λόγοις χρώμενος ἐρῶ ib. 414d;εἴρετο.. κοῖός τις δοκέοι ἀνὴρ εἶναι Hdt.3.34
; doubled,ποίαν χρὴ [γυναῖκα] ποίῳ ἀνδρὶ συνοῦσαν τίκτειν Pl.Tht. 149d
.IV simply, what, which? esp. of place or time,ποίης ἐξ εὔχεται εἶναι γαίης; Od.1.406
, cf. Pi.P.4.97;ἐν π. πόλει; Eup.23
D., cf. Alex.267.6;ἐκ ποίας πόλεως σὺ εἶ; LXX 2 Ki.15.2
, cf. 3 Ki.13.12, al., Act.Ap.23.34; ποίᾳ ἄλλῃ (sc. ὁδῷ); by what other way? Ar.Av. 1219 (hence κοίῃ metaph., how? Hdt.1.30); ποίου χρόνου; since what time? A.Ag. 278, cf. E.IA 815 (nisi leg. πόσον); ἀπὸ π. χρόνου; Ar.Av. 920
, UPZ65.7 (ii B.C.);ἀπὸ ποίου ἔτους PAmh.2.68.7
(i A.D.);ποίᾳ ἡμέρᾳ; Ev.Matt.24.42
, cf. Hyp.Epit.31, Arist.Cat. 5a20,22, SIG 826 Eii28 (Delph., ii B.C.), IG5(1).1390.113 (Andania, i B.C.), PUniv.Giss.20.18 (ii A.D.); φυλᾶς ἑλομένοις ἑκάστου ( = -ῳ) ποίας κε βέλλειτει ( ἧστινος ἂν βούληται, sc. εἶναι) IG9(2).517.20 (Larissa, iii B.C.);ποίας φυλῆς ἐστι LXXTo.5.8
; π., = quis, Gloss.V = πότερος, An.Ox.1.284. -
86 προλαμβάνω
A- λήψομαι Isoc.6.16
: [tense] aor. προὔλαβον:—[voice] Pass., v. infr.1.5:— take or receive before,τὴν πόλιν Lys.26.9
codd.;τὰ χωρία καὶ λιμένας D.2.9
; ἀργύριον π. receive money in advance, Id.50.14, 35;τὰ ἐφόδια Aeschin.1.172
;τρία τάλαντα παρά τινος Id.2.166
;ἅπαντα ἡμῶν τὰ χωρία D.3.16
, etc.; also (lyr.); μισθὸν τῆς ἀγγελίας for the message, Luc.Merc.Cond.37;γάλα μετὰ μέλιτος IG42(1).126.15
(Epid., ii A.D.);π. τὴν ἡλικίαν Aeschin.1.162
; π. τὴν αὔξησιν begin their growth before, Thphr.HP8.1.4:—[voice] Pass., to be contained in advance,ἐν τῷ ὄντι ἄρα ζωὴ προείληπται καὶ ὁ νοῦς Procl. Inst. 103
.2 take or seize beforehand, Aeschin. 3.142;τὴν ἀρχήν A.D.Synt.40.24
;ὅσα τῆς πόλεως π. D.18.26
; τοῦτο π., ὅπως σώσομεν provide that.., Id.3.2: c. part., προλαβὼν κατεγνωκότας ὑμᾶς having first procured your vote of condemnation, Id.24.77:—[voice] Pass.,σῶμα προειλημμένον ὑπὸ νόσου Corp.Herm.12.3
.b get or take as a start, προειλήφασι πολὺν χρόνον have had a long start, PCair.Zen.60.5 (iii B.C.);π. τῆς νυκτὸς ὁπόσον ἂν δυναίμην Luc.Gall.1
.5 assume in advance,τὴν ὁλότητα προλαβὼν ἐγέννησεν ἀπ' αὐτῆς τὴν παντότητα Dam.Pr. 253
; προειλήφθω.. δισχιλίων σταδίων τὸ βάθος [εἶναι] Plb.34.6.7.II to be beforehand with, anticipate,1 c. acc. pers., get the start of,τὰς κύνας X.Cyn.5.19
, v. infr. 3;π. τῷ λόγῳ τινάς D.Prooem. 29
; βραχὺν χρόνον π. ἡμᾶς, i.e. in dying, Plu.2.117e;π. τῇ ῥιζώσει τοὺς χειμῶνας Thphr. HP8.1.3
, cf. CP3.24.3: c. gen. pers., ; ἵνα μὴ -λημφθῶμεν (i.e. by death) Diog.Oen.2.2 c. acc. rei, π. γόους, μαντεύματα, E.Hel. 339 (lyr.), Ion 407;τὸν καιρόν Plb.9.14.12
, cf. Plu.Cam.34, etc.;τὸν ὄρθρον Luc.Am.15
; of mental anticipation,π. ὡς οὕτως ἔχον πρὶν γινόμενον οὕτως ἰδεῖν Arist. GA 765a28
;τὰ συμβησόμενα ταῖς ἐννοίαις Plb.3.112.7
, cf. 3.1.7;τὰ πολλὰ εἰκασίᾳ Luc.Am.8
;π. ὅτι.. Plu.2.102e
, etc.3 c. gen. spatii, π. τῆς ὁδοῦ get a start on the way, Hdt.3.105;πολὺ τῆς ὁδοῦ π. Polyaen.7.29.2
(but just above, π. ὡς πλείστην ὁδὸν τοὺς διώξοντας); π. ῥᾳδίως τῆς φυγῆς Th.4.33
; π. τῆς διώξεως get a start of the pursuers, D.S.16.94: metaph., μύθου προλαβοῦσα speaking first, Philicus in Stud.Ital.9.44, cf. 46.b generally, π. τῶν κηρύκων anticipate them, Arist.Rh. 1408b24; τοῦ χρόνου π. precede in point of time, Id.Metaph. 1050b5.4 c. dat. modi, π. τῷ δρόμῳ get a start in running, X.Cyn.7.7;τῇ διανοίᾳ Arist.Fr. 660
;τῇ φυγῇ Plu.Alex.20
, Cic.47.5 c. inf.,προέλαβε μυρίσαι Ev.Marc. 14.8
.8 abs., προὔλαβε πολλῷ was far ahead, Th.7.80, cf. X.Cyn. 6.19, D.4.31, Plb.31.15.8; gain an advantage, D.37.15.b anticipate the event, prejudge,ἐπειδὰν ἅπαντ' ἀκούσητε κρίνατε, μὴ πρότερον προλαμβάνετε Id.4.14
;οἱ νόμοι προλαβόντες ἐπιμέλονται ὅπως..
by anticipation,X.
Cyr.1.2.3; come before the time, opp. ὑστερίζειν, Gal. 7.353; of corn-buyers, buy earlier, SIG976.49 (Samos, ii B.C.):— [voice] Med.,προλαμβάνου Men.701
:—[voice] Pass., τὸ προειλημμένον that which is prejudged, Hermog.Stat.1.c precede, go before, ὁ προλαβὼν βίος his previous life, Arg.2 D.22.3; what precedes,Procop.
Vand.2.16; ἡ προλαβοῦσα τράπεζα the preceding meal, Lib.Or.57.24; also τῶν προλαβόντων τἢν μνήμην the memory of the past, Procop. Gaz.Pan.p.495 B.IV Philos., form a preconception (cf. πρόληψις), prejudge,οἷα προειλήφαμεν Phld.D.3.13
, cf. Sign.22:—[voice] Med., Id.D.1.13:— [voice] Pass., Id.Oec.p.57 J.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προλαμβάνω
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87 ἔρχομαι
Aἠρχόμην Hp.Epid.7.59
, Arat.102, ([etym.] δι-) Pi.O.9.93 ; freq. in later Prose, LXXGe.48.7, Ev.Marc.1.45, Luc.Jud.Voc.4, Paus.5.8.5, etc.; in [dialect] Att. rare even in compds.,ἐπ-ηρχόμην Th.4.120
(perh. fr. ἐπάρχομαι), προς- ib. 121 (perh. fr. προσάρχομαι), cod.: from ἐλυθ- (cf. ἐλεύθω ) come [tense] fut. ἐλεύσομαι, Hom., [dialect] Ion., Trag. (A. Pr. 854, Supp. 522, S.OC 1206, Tr. 595), in [dialect] Att. Prose only in Lys.22.11, freq. later, D.H.3.15, etc.: [tense] aor., [dialect] Ep. and Lyr.ἤλῠθον Il.1.152
, Pi.P.3.99, etc., used by E. (not A. or S.) in dialogue (Rh.660,El. 598,Tr.374, cf. Neophr.1.1); but ἦλθον is more freq. even in Hom., and is the only form used in obl. moods, ἐλθέ, ἔλθω, ἔλθοιμι, ἐλθεῖν, ἐλθών; [dialect] Ep. inf. ἐλθέμεναι, -έμεν, Il.1.151, 15.146 (indic. never ἐλυθ- unaugmented unlessἐξ-ελύθη Il.5.293
has replaced ἐξ-έλυθε); [dialect] Dor.ἦνθον Epich.180
, Sophr.144, Theoc.2.118; imper.ἐνθέ Aristonous 1.9
; part.ἐνθών IG9(1).867
(Corc., vi B.C.), ([etym.] κατ-) Schwyzer 657.4 (Arc., iv B.C.); subj.ἔνθῃ Berl.Sitzb.1927.164
([place name] Cyrene); [dialect] Lacon. ἔλσῃ, ἔλσοιμι, ἐλσών, Ar.Lys. 105, 118, 1081 ; later , Ev.Matt.25.36, BGU530.11 (i A.D.), IG14.1320, etc.; [ per.] 3pl. , al., PTeb. 179 (ii B.C.), etc.;ἤλυθα IG14.1971
, Nonn.D.37.424, ([etym.] ἐπ-) AP14.44: [tense] pf. ἐλήλῠθα (not in Hom.) A.Pr. 943, etc.; sync. pl. ἐλήλῠμεν, -υτε, Cratin.235, Achae.24,43 ; [dialect] Ep. εἰλήλουθα, whence I pl.εἰλήλουθμεν Il.9.49
, Od.3.81, part.εἰληλουθώς 19.28
, 20.360 ; onceἐληλουθώς Il.15.81
, part.κατ-εληλευθυῖα Berl.Sitzb. 1927.166
([place name] Cyrene); Cret. [tense] pf. inf. ἀμφ-εληλεύθεν, v. ἀμφέρχομαι: [dialect] Boeot. [tense] pf.διεσς-είλθεικε Schwyzer 485.2
(Thesp., iii B.C.), part. κατηνθηκότι ib.657.39 (Arc., iv B.C.): [tense] plpf. ; [dialect] Ion.ἐληλύθεε Hdt.5.98
; [dialect] Ep.εἰληλούθει Il.4.520
,εἰληλούθειν Call.Fr. 532
.—In [dialect] Att. the obl. moods of [tense] pres., as well as the [tense] impf. and [tense] fut. were replaced by forms of εἶμι ibo (q.v.): in LXX and Hellenistic Greek the place of the compounds, esp. ἐξ-, εἰς-έρχομαι, is commonly taken by ἐκ-, εἰς-πορεύομαι, etc., the [tense] fut., [tense] aor., and [tense] pf. being supplied as before by ἐλυθ- ([etym.] ἐλθ-):I start, set out, ἦ μέν μοι μάλα πολλὰ..Λυκάων ἐρχομένῳ ἐπέτελλε when I was setting out, Il.5.198, cf. 150 ; τύχησε γὰρ ἐρχομένη νηῦς a ship was just starting, Od. 14.334 ; ἐς πλόον ἐρχομένοις (v.l. ἀρχ-) Pi.P.1.34.2 walk,=περιπατέω, χαμαὶ ἐρχομένων ἀνθρώπων Il.5.442
; σὲ δ' ἐρχόμενον ἐν δίκᾳ πολὺς ὄλβος ἀμφινέμεται walking in justice, Pi.P.5.14 : the two foreg. rare signfs. belong only to the [tense] pres. ἔρχομαι.II (much more freq.) come or go (the latter esp. in [dialect] Ep. and Lyr.), ἦλθες thou art come, Od.16.461, etc.; χαίροισ' ἔρχεο go and fare thee well, Sapph.Supp.23.7, cf. Il.9.43, Od.10.320, 1.281 ;ἀγγελίην στρατοῦ.. ἐρχομένοιο 2.30
, cf. 10.267 ; πάλιν ἐλθέμεν, αὖτε εἰλήλουθα, 19.533, 549 ; οἶκον ἐλεύσεται ib. 313 ;οἴκαδε 5.220
; : as a hortatory exclamation,ἀλλ' ἔρχευ, λέκτρονδ' ἴομεν Od.23.254
, cf. 17.529.III c. acc. cogn., ὁδὸν ἐλθέμεναι to go a journey, Il.1.151 ;ἄλλην ὁδόν, ἄλλα κέλευθα ἤλθομεν Od.9.262
;τηϋσίην ὁδὸν ἔλθῃς 3.316
: freq. in Trag., A.Pr. 962, Th. 714 (alsoκατὰ τὴν αὐτὴν ὁδόν Pl.Lg. 707d
); νόστιμον ἐλθεῖν πόδα (v.l. δόμον) E.Alc. 1153 ; ἀγγε- λίην, ἐξεσίην ἐλθεῖν, go on an embassy, Il.11.140, Od.21.20.2 c. acc. loci, come to, arrive at, rare in Hom.,Ἀΐδαο δόμους ἔρχεαι Il. 22.483
;ἔρχεσθον κλισίην 1.322
: freq. in later Poets, Pi.P.4.52, S. Tr. 259, etc. ; traverse,ὁ ἥλιος ἔρχεται τῆς Λιβύης τὰ ἄνω Hdt.2.24
: c. acc. pers., αῐ κέν τι νέκυς (acc. pl.)ῂσχυμμένος ἔλθῃ Il.18.180
;σὲ δ', ὦ τέκνον, τόδ' ἐλήλυθεν πᾶν κράτος S.Ph. 141
(lyr.).3 c. gen. loci, ἔρχονται πεδίοιο through or across the plain, Il.2.801 ; but also, from a place, .4 c. dat. pers., come to, i.e. come to aid or relieve one, rare in Hom., Od.16.453 ; freq. later, Pi.O.1.100, Th.1.13. etc. ;ἀποροῦντι αὐτῷ ἔρχεται Προμηθεὺς ἐπισκεψόμενος τὴν νομήν Pl.Prt. 321c
; also in hostile sense,ἔρχομαί σοι Apoc.2.5
.IV c. [tense] fut. part., to denote the object, ἔρχομαι ἔγχος οίσόμενος I go to fetch.., Il.13.256 ;ἔρχομαι ὀψομένη 14.301
: freq. in Trag.,μαρτυρήσων ἦλθον A.Eu. 576
; .2 in Hdt. like an auxiliary Verb, ἔρχομαι ἐρέων, φράσων, I am going to tell, 1.5,3.6, al. ;σημανέων 4.99
;μηκυνέων 2.35
: rare in [dialect] Att., ἔ. κατηγορήσων, ἀποθανούμενος, Pl.Euthphr.2c, Thg. 129a ; ἔρχομαι ἐπιχειρῶν -σοι ἐπιδείξασθαι, for ἔ. σοι ἐπιδειξόμενος, Id.Phd. 100b ;οὐ τοῦτο λέξων ἔρχομαι, ὡς.. X.Ages.2.7
.3 c. part. [tense] pres., [tense] aor., or [tense] pf., in Hom., to show the manner of moving, ἄγγελος ἦλθε θέουσα she came running, Il.11.715, al. ; μὴ πεφοβημένος ἔλθῃς lest thou come thither in full flight,10.510 ; ἦλθε φθάμενος he came first,23.779 ;κεχαρισμένος ἔλθυι Od.2.54
.4 aor, part. ἐλθών added to Verbs, οὐ δύναμαι..μάχεσθαι ἐλθών go and fight, Il.16.521 ; κάθηρον ἐλθών come and cleanse, ib. 668 ;λέγοιμ' ἂν ἐλθών A.Supp. 928
;δρᾶ νυν τάδ' ἐλθών S.Ant. 1107
.V of any kind of motion, ἐξ ἁλὸς ἐλθεῖν to rise out of the sea, Od.4.448, al. ; ἐπὶ πόντον to go over it, 2.265 ; with qualifying phrase, πόδεσσιν ἔ. to go on foot, 6.40 (but πεζὸς εἰλήλουθα have come as a foot-soldier, Il. 5.204) ; of birds, 17.755, etc. ; of ships, 15.549, Od.14.334 ; of spears or javelins, freq. in Il. ; of natural phenomena, as rivers, 5.91 ; wind and storm, 9.6, Od.12.288 ; clouds, Il.4.276,16.364 ; stars, rise, Od. 13.94 ; time,είς ὅ κεν ἔλθῃ νύξ Il.14.77
, cf. 24.351 ;ἐπὴν ἔλθῃσι θέρος Od.11.192
;ἔτος ἦλθε 1.16
; of events and conditions, , cf. 11.135 ; of feelings, go, ;ἀπὸ πραπίδων ἦλθ' ἵμερος 24.514
; of sounds, etc.,τὸν..περὶ φρένας ἤλυθ' ίωή 10.139
;Κύκλωπα περὶ φρένας ἤλυθεν οἶνος Od.9.362
; without φρένας, περὶ δέ σφεας ἤλυθ' ι>ωή 17.261, cf. 16.6 ; of battle,ὁμόσ' ἦλθε μάχη Il.13.337
; of things sent or taken, , cf. 1.120 ; so later, esp. of danger or evil, c. dat., ;ἦλθεν αὐτῷ Ζηνὸς βέλος A.Pr. 360
;μηδ' ὑπ' ἀνάγκας γάμος ἔλθοι Id.Supp. 1032
(lyr.), cf.Pers. 436 ; of reports, commands, etc., Id.Pr. 663, Th.8.19 ; τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις ὡς ἦλθε τὰ γεγενημένα came to their ears, ib.96 ; τὰ ἐρχόμενα ἐπ' αὐτόν that which was about to happen to him, Ev.Jo.18.4 ; of property, which comes or passes to a person by bequest, conveyance, gift, etc., (ii A. D.) ; ἐ. εἴς τινα ἀπὸ παραχωρήσεως, κατὰ δωρεάν, PLond.3.1164e6 (iii A. D.), PMasp.96.22 (vi A. D.) : —Geom., pass, fall, ἔ. ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ σαμεῖον pass through the same point, Archim.Aequil.1.15 ; ὅπου ἂν ἔρχηται τὸ ἕτερον σαμεῖον wherever the other point falls, ib.2.10.BPost-Homeric phrases:1 ἐς λόγους ἔρχεσθαί τινι come to speech with, Hdt.6.86.α', S.OC 1164 codd. ; soἐς ὄψιν τινὶ ἐλθεῖν Hdt. 3.42
.2 εἰς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν τινι (v. χείρ) ; soἐς μάχην ἐλθεῖν τινι Id.7.9
.γ ; είς ὸργάς τισιν Pl.R. 572a
.3 ἐπὶ μεῖζον ἔ. increase, S.Ph. 259 ;ἐπὶ μηδέν Id.Fr.871.8
,El. 1000 ; ἐπὶ πᾶν ἐλθεῖν try everything, X.An.3.1.18.4 ἐς τὸ δεινόν, ἐς τὰ ἀλγεινὰ ἐλθεῖν, come into danger, etc., Th.3.45,2.39 ;είς τοσοῦτον αίσχύνης ἐληλύθατον ὥστε.. Pl.Grg. 487b
, etc. ;εἰς τὸ ἔσχατον ἀδικίας Id.R. 361d
; ἐπ' ἔσχατον ἐλθεῖν ἀηδίας Id Phdr. 240d ; ὅσοι ἐνταῦθα ἦλθον ἡλικίας arrived at that time of life, Id.R. 329b ; ἐς ἀσθενὲς ἔ. come to an impotent conclusion, Hdt.1.120 ; ἐς ἀριθμὸν ἐλθεῖν to be numbered, Th.2.72 ;εἰς ἔρωτά τινος ἐλθεῖν Anaxil.21.6
;εἰς ἔλεγχον Philem.93.3
, etc. ; εἰς ἑαυτὸν ἐλθεῖν come to oneself, Ev.Luc.15.17, Arr.Epict.3.1.15.5 παρὰ μικρὸν ἐλθεῖν c. inf., come within a little of, be near a thing, E. Heracl. 296 (anap.) ;παρ' ὀλίγον ἐλθεῖν Plu.Pyrrh.10
; παρὰ τοσοῦτον ἡ Μυτιλήνη ἦλθε κινδύνου so narrow was her escape, Th.3.49 ;παρ' οὐδὲν ἐλθόντες τοῦ ἀποβαλεῖν Plb.1.45.14
;παρ' οὐδὲν ἐλθ. ἀπολέσθαι Plu. Cam.8
.6 with διά and gen., periphr. for a Verb, e.g. διὰ μάχης τινὶ ἐλθεῖν forμάχεσθαί τινι Hdt.6.9
, E.Hel. 978, Th.4.92 ; διὰ πυρὸς ἐλθεῖν τινι rage furiously against.., E.Andr. 488 (lyr.) ; but οί διὰ πάντων τῶν καλῶν ἐληλυθότες who have gone through the whole circle of duties, have fulfilled them all, X.Cyr.1.2.15 ;διὰ πολλῶν κινδύνων ἐλθόντες Pl.Alc.2.142a
.7 ἔ. παρὰ τὴν γυναῖκα, παρὰ Ἀρίστωνα, of sexual intercourse, go in to her, to him, Hdt.2.115,6.68 ; πρός τινα, of marriage, X.Oec.7.5.8ἔ. ἐπὶ πόλιν
attack,Th.
2.11.9 ἔ. ἐς depend upon or be concerned with,τό γ' εἰς ἀνθρώπους ἐλθόν Aristid. 1.149
J. ;τοῖς λογισμοῖς εἰς ἑαυτοὺς ἐρχόμενοι D.S.13.95
;ὅσα εἰς ἀρετὴν ἔρχεται Lib.Or.22.18
; τῶν πραττομένων οὐκ όλίγον εἰς ἐκεῖνον ἤρχετο ib.14.31.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἔρχομαι
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88 ὡραῖος
A produced at the right season ([etym.] ὥρα), seasonable, timely: esp. of the fruits of the earth, βίος or βίοτος ὡ. store of fruits gathered in due season, Hes.Op.32, 307; ὡ. καρποί the fruits of the season, καρποὺς.. κατατίθεσθαι ὡραίους to store them up in season, Hdt.1.202: freq. in neut., ὡραῖα, τά, Th.1.120, 3.58, X.An.5.3.9, Pl.Lg. 845e;ἑραίως τὰ ὡραῖα ἀποδιδόναι Hp.Aph.3.8
; ὡραῖα.. ἀποτελεῖν ἱερά to render fruits of the season as sacred offerings, Pl.Criti. 116c, cf. Orac. ap. D.21.52;τρωκτὰ ὡ. X.An.5.3.12
;ἄνθεα AP9.564
([place name] Nicias);σῦκα Aret.CD1.3
; also of animals,ὡ. ἄρνες
yearling,AP
6.157 (Theodorid.); of tunnies at a year old (from six months to one year they were called πηλαμύδες), πηλαμὺς.. ὡραία θέρους τῷ Βοσπορίτῃ S.Fr. 503
; ὡ. θύννοι Ps.-Hes. ap. Ath.3.116b, cf. Hices.ib. 116e, Archestr.Fr.38.9, Plaut.Capt.851; τάριχος ὡ. fish salted or pickled in the season, Alex.186.5;ἰχθύες ἐς τάγηνον ὡ. Babr.6.4
; σαργάναι ὡ. pickling-tubs, Poll.7.27: hence generally, agricultural produce,εἶναι ἐνεχυρασίαν Αἰξωνεῦσιν ἐκ τῶν ὡ. τῶν ἐκ τοῦ χωρίου IG22.2492.8
(iv B. C.).2 τὰ ὡραῖα, = τὰ καταμήνια, esp. at their first appearance, Hp.Superf.34.3 Subst. ἡ ὡραία (in full,ὥρη ἡ ὡραίη Aret. SD1.4
, Phryn.PSp.128 B., etc.), harvest-time, esp. the twenty days before and twenty days after the rising of the dog-star, μίμνει ἐς ὡραίην till harvest-time, A.R.3.1390.b the campaigning-season, during which the troops kept the field, D.9.48, 56.30, Plb.3.16.7.c τὴν μὲν ὡραίην οὐκ ὕει it does not rain in the season (sc. of rain), Hdt.4.28.II happening or done in due season, seasonable, ἄροτος, ἔργον, Hes.Op.617.642; πλόος ib. 630;χειμῶνες Thphr.HP4.14.1
;ὕδατα Id.CP2.2.1
; σκαπάνη ib.3.16.1;τομὴ [καλάμου] Id.HP4.11.4
; ὅτε ὡραῖον εἴη when the weather permitted, App.Pun. 120.2 metaph., ( ὥρα (C) B) seasonable, due, proper, ὡραίων τυχεῖν, = νομίμων τυχεῖν (cf. ὥριος (A). 111.2), E.Supp. 175: ἐν ὡραί[ᾳ ἐκκλησίᾳ] dub. in SIG668.4 (Delphi, ii B. C.); ἐνιαύτια ὡ. ib. 1025.37 (Cos, iv/iii B. C.), cf. Hsch.III of persons, seasonable or ripe for a thing, c.gen.,ἀνδρὸς ὡραίη Hdt.1.107
, cf. Lys.Fr.4; γάμων or γάμου ὡραῖαι, Hdt.1.196, 6.122, cf. X.Cyr.4.6.9;ἐς ἥβην ὡραίαν γάμων E.Hel.12
( ὡραίων codd.);ὅστις οὐκέθ' ὡραῖος γαμεῖ Id.Fr. 804
; ὡ. γάμος seasonable marriage, A.Fr.55; also of old persons, ripe or ready for death,πατήρ γε μὴν ὡ. E.Alc. 516
;αὐτὸς δ', ἐν ὠ. γὰρ ἕσταμεν βίῳ, θνῄσκειν ἕτοιμος Id.Ph. 968
;θάνατος ὡ. X.Ages.10.3
; ;ὡραῖος ἀποτέθνηκεν Plu.2.178e
; soὕλη ὡ. τέμνεσθαι Thphr.HP5.1.1
.2 in reference to age, in the prime of life, youthful, Hes.Op. 695: hence in the bloom of youth, opp. ἄωρος, X.Smp.8.21, Pl.R. 574c;ὡ. ἐὼν καὶ καλός Pi.O.9.94
;παιδίσκη ὡραιοτάτη Ar.Ach. 1148
(anap.), cf. Ra. 291, 514;παῖς ὡραῖος Id.Av. 138
: but not necessarily implying beauty,τοῖς τῶν ὡραίων προσώποις, καλῶν δὲ μή Pl.R. 601b
;ἄνευ κάλλους ὡραῖοι Arist.Rh. 1406b37
; cf. ὥρα (C) B. 11.3 generally, of things, beautiful, graceful, LXX Ge.3.6, 2 Ch.36.19, Ev.Matt.23.27;ἡ ὡ. πύλη τοῦ ἱεροῦ Act.Ap.3.10
, cf. 3.2.IV irreg. [comp] Sup.ὡραιέστατος Epich.186d
.V Adv.ὡραίως Hp.Aph.3.8
. -
89 hell
hell [hel]1 noun∎ it's (as) hot as hell in there il fait une chaleur de tous les diables ou infernale là-dedans;∎ familiar go to hell! va te faire voir!;∎ familiar to hell with him! qu'il aille au diable!;∎ familiar to hell with society! au diable la société!;∎ familiar to hell with what they think! leur avis, je m'assois dessus!;∎ familiar come hell or high water contre vents et marées, envers et contre tout;∎ familiar when hell freezes over à la saint-glinglin, la semaine des quatre jeudis;∎ that won't happen until hell freezes over ça aura lieu la semaine des quatre jeudis;∎ familiar it'll be a cold day in hell before I apologize je m'excuserai quand les poules auront des dents;∎ familiar the boyfriend/flatmate/neighbours from hell un petit ami/un colocataire/des voisins mpl de cauchemar;∎ familiar it was a journey from hell! ce voyage, c'était l'horreur!;∎ familiar all hell broke loose ça a bardé;∎ familiar to give sb hell passer un savon ou faire sa fête à qn;∎ familiar give them hell! rentre-leur dedans!, fais-leur en baver!;∎ familiar the damp weather plays hell with my arthritis ce temps humide me fait rudement souffrir de mon arthrite!, par ces temps humides, qu'est-ce que je déguste avec mon arthrite!;∎ familiar there'll be hell to pay when he finds out ça va barder ou chauffer quand il l'apprendra;∎ familiar they went into town to raise (a little) hell ils sont allés faire la bringue en ville;∎ familiar the boss raised hell when he saw the report le patron a fait une scène de tous les diables en voyant le rapport;∎ familiar I went along just for the hell of it j'y suis allé histoire de rire ou de rigoler;∎ familiar he ran off hell for leather il est parti ventre à terre;∎ familiar to ride hell for leather aller au triple galop ou à bride abattue;∎ familiar hell's bells!, hell's teeth! mince alors!∎ it's hell in here c'est infernal ici;∎ it can be hell trying to park here quelquefois, c'est la croix et la bannière pour se garer par ici;∎ working there was hell on earth or on wheels c'était l'enfer de travailler là-bas;∎ he made her life hell il lui a fait mener une vie infernale∎ it's colder/hotter than hell il fait vachement froid/chaud;∎ he's as happy/tired as hell il est vachement heureux/fatigué;∎ he's in a hell of a mess il est dans un sacré pétrin;∎ British it's a hell of a cold outside il fait un froid de canard dehors;∎ a hell of a wind un vent du diable ou de tous les diables;∎ there was a or one hell of a fight il y a eu une bagarre terrible;∎ you've got a hell of a nerve! tu as un culot du diable!;∎ a hell of a lot of books tout un tas ou un paquet de livres;∎ he likes her a hell of a lot il est dingue d'elle;∎ we had a hell of a good time nous nous sommes amusés comme des fous;∎ it was a hell of a good film c'était un sacrément bon film;∎ they had a hell of a time getting the car started ils en ont bavé pour faire démarrer la voiture;∎ my arm started to hurt like hell mon bras a commencé à me faire vachement mal;∎ he worked like hell il a travaillé comme une brute ou une bête;∎ to run/to shout like hell courir/crier comme un fou;∎ will you lend me $50? - like hell or the hell I will! peux-tu me prêter 50 dollars? - tu peux toujours courir!;∎ I'm leaving - like hell or the hell you are! je pars - n'y compte pas!;∎ I wish to hell I could remember si seulement je pouvais me souvenir□ ;∎ I just hope to hell he leaves j'espère de tout mon cœur qu'il partira;∎ get the hell out of here! fous ou fous-moi le camp!;∎ what the hell or in hell's name are you doing? qu'est-ce que tu fous?;∎ what the hell's going on? qu'est-ce qui se passe, nom de Dieu?;∎ why the hell did you go? qu'est-ce qui t'a pris d'y aller?;∎ how the hell would I know? comment veux-tu que je le sache?;∎ American how the hell are you doing, my friend? comment ça va, mon pote?;∎ where the hell are my keys? où diable sont mes clefs?;∎ who the hell do you think you are? mais tu te prends pour qui?;∎ who the hell are you? qui diable êtes-vous?;∎ oh well, what the hell! oh qu'est-ce que ça peut bien faire?;∎ did you agree? - hell, no! as-tu accepté? - tu plaisantes!□∎ there's hell in that boy ce garçon respire la joie de vivre□ ;∎ full of hell plein d'entrain□ ou de vivacité □∎ (oh) hell! bon Dieu!►► Hell's Angels = nom d'un groupe de motards au comportement violent;American University hell week = semaine au cours de laquelle les étudiants qui souhaitent devenir membres d'une "fraternity" ou d'une "sorority" sont soumis à toutes sortes d'épreuves initiatiques -
90 helluva
helluva ['heləvə]∎ familiar a helluva noise un sacré boucan;∎ a helluva wind un vent du diable ou de tous les diables;∎ a helluva lot of money un paquet de fric;∎ a helluva lot of kids des tas d'enfants;∎ he's a helluva guy c'est un type vachement bien;∎ I miss him a helluva lot il me manque vachement;∎ they had a helluva time convincing her ils ont eu vachement de mal à la convaincre -
91 Nothelferin
Not|hel|fer(in)m(f) (REL)auxiliary saint* * *die vierzehn Nothelfer KATH the (fourteen) auxiliary saints -
92 around
1. preposition, adverb1) (on all sides of or in a circle about (a person, thing etc): Flowers grew around the tree; They danced around the fire; There were flowers all around.) rundt (omkring)2) (here and there (in a house, room etc): Clothes had been left lying around (the house); I wandered around.) rundt omkring2. preposition(near to (a time, place etc): around three o'clock.) rundt, omkring3. adverb1) (in the opposite direction: Turn around!) rundt2) (near-by: If you need me, I'll be somewhere around.) i nærhetenomkring--------omtrent--------vedIadv. \/əˈraʊnd\/1) rundt, rundt omkring2) på alle kanter, til alle sider3) omtrent, cirka (om tid, antall e.l.)4) som er aktiv, som holder på, som eksistererall around overaltbe up and around (særlig amer.) være oppe, være på fartenhave been around ( hverdagslig) være erfaren, ha vært med på litt av hvert, ha livserfaringhan har reist en hel del, han har sett det mesteIIprep. \/əˈraʊnd\/1) rundt, omkring2) i nærheten, like ved3) om4) rundt omkring i5) ( om bevegelse) rundt omkring, fra sted til stedaround the clock døgnet rundt, hele døgnet -
93 hand
hænd 1. noun1) (the part of the body at the end of the arm.) hånd2) (a pointer on a clock, watch etc: Clocks usually have an hour hand and a minute hand.) (ur)viser3) (a person employed as a helper, crew member etc: a farm hand; All hands on deck!) mann, arbeider4) (help; assistance: Can I lend a hand?; Give me a hand with this box, please.) hjelp, assistanse5) (a set of playing-cards dealt to a person: I had a very good hand so I thought I had a chance of winning.) hånd, kort i/på hånden6) (a measure (approximately centimetres) used for measuring the height of horses: a horse of 14 hands.) håndsbredd (ca. 10 cm)7) (handwriting: written in a neat hand.) håndskrift2. verb(often with back, down, up etc)1) (to give (something) to someone by hand: I handed him the book; He handed it back to me; I'll go up the ladder, and you can hand the tools up to me.) rekke, gi, overrekke2) (to pass, transfer etc into another's care etc: That is the end of my report from Paris. I'll now hand you back to Fred Smith in the television studio in London.) sette over til•- handful- handbag
- handbill
- handbook
- handbrake
- handcuff
- handcuffs
- hand-lens
- handmade
- hand-operated
- hand-out
- hand-picked
- handshake
- handstand
- handwriting
- handwritten
- at hand
- at the hands of
- be hand in glove with someone
- be hand in glove
- by hand
- fall into the hands of someone
- fall into the hands
- force someone's hand
- get one's hands on
- give/lend a helping hand
- hand down
- hand in
- hand in hand
- hand on
- hand out
- hand-out
- handout
- hand over
- hand over fist
- hands down
- hands off!
- hands-on
- hands up!
- hand to hand
- have a hand in something
- have a hand in
- have/get/gain the upper hand
- hold hands with someone
- hold hands
- in good hands
- in hand
- in the hands of
- keep one's hand in
- off one's hands
- on hand
- on the one hand... on the other hand
-... on the other hand
- out of hand
- shake hands with someone / shake someone's hand
- shake hands with / shake someone's hand
- a show of hands
- take in hand
- to handgi--------levereIsubst. \/hænd\/1) (anatomi, også overført) hånd2) ( på visse dyr) forlabb, forpote, forfot3) viser, timeviser, minuttviser, sekundviser4) ( retning) side, hold, hånd5) applaus, bifall6) ( person) arbeider, mann• how many hands do you employ in this mill?7) ( sjøfart) gast, matros, mann8) håndlag, dyktighet, anlegg, talenthan er ikke opplagt \/ han er ute av form9) håndskrift11) ( om kunstner e.l.) utførelse, stil, arbeid12) omgang, tur16) ( spesielt mål for hester) håndsbredd (10 cm)17) ( vestindisk) arm (inkludert hånden)18) bunt, klase (med bananer), fem stykkerall hands on deck! ( sjøfart) alle mann på dekk!ask for a woman's hand anmode om en kvinnes håndat hand for hånden, lett tilgjengelig, innen rekkeviddenært foreståendeat someone's hand fra noens (side)bad\/poor hand at dårlig i, dårlig til åbear a hand hjelpe til, deltabe on hand være (nært) forestående, stå for døren til stede, lett tilgjengeligbring up by hand fø opp med flaskeby hand for håndby the same hand av samme hånd (mester, maler, kunstner e.l.)change hands skifte eier, komme i andre henderdie at the hands of the enemy dø for fiendens håndelder hand ( kortspill) forhåndextend a hand ( overført) strekke ut en (hjelpende) hånd, rekke ut en (hjelpende) håndfair hand tydelig stil, velformet håndfall in someone's hands falle i klørne på noen, falle i noens maktforce someone's hand ( overført) tvinge noen til å røpe sine hensikterfrom good hands fra en sikker kildefrom hand to hand fra hånd til hånd, fra mann til mannfrom hand to mouth fra hånd til munnget one's hand in få øvelse i, få trening i, arbeide seg inn i, trene seg opp, komme i form, få teken påget someone off one's hands kvitte seg med noen, bli kvitt noenget something off one's hands kvitte seg med noe få noe unna, få noe gjort, bli ferdig med noeget the upper hand eller get the upper hand of ha\/få overtaket (på), ha full kontroll (over), ta innersvingen (på)give somebody's hand a wring trykke noens håndgive somebody the glad hand ( hverdagslig) ønske noen hjertelig velkommen, ta imot noen med åpne armergive (someone) one's hand rekke frem hånden gifte seggive someone a (big) hand ( hverdagslig) applaudere noen, klappe for noengive someone a free hand gi noen frie hender, gi noen frie tøylergive someone a hand (up) eller lend someone a hand (up) eller give someone a helping hand gi noen en hjelpende hånd, gi noen en håndsrekning• can you give me a hand up with this luggage?hand in glove with god venn med, på fortrolig fot med, hånd i hanske medhand in hand hånd i håndhand lotion håndkremhand over fist ( hverdagslig) svært raskt, lett i store mengder• the sale went very well, they were making money hand over fistsalget gikk svært bra, de håvet inn pengerhand over hand hånd over hånd, støtt og sikkert( fotball) handshands and heels ( hesteveddeløp) uten bruk av piskhands down med letthethands off! vekk med fingrene!, fingrene fra fatet!hands up! opp med hendene! rekk opp håndenhand to hand mann mot mann i (håndgemeng), i nærkamphave a free hand ha frie hender, ha frie tøylerhave a hand for ha anlegg for, være god i, være dyktig ihave a hand in something være innblandet i noe, være delaktig i noe, ha noe med å gjøre, ha en finger med i spillethave a light hand være lett på håndenhave\/keep one's hand in holde seg i form, beholde formenhave one's hands full ha hendene fulle, ha nok å gjøre, ha mye å stå i medhave one's hands tied ( hverdagslig) ikke kunne handle frittheavy in hand sta, stri, uregjerlig (om hest)hold\/stay one's hand vente og se tiden an, stille seg avventendehold\/stay someone's hand stanse noen, stoppe noen, holde noen tilbakein good hands i gode hender, godt ivaretattin hand i hende, på hånden, til rådighet, til disposisjon, for håndeni sin hånd, i sin makt, under kontrollpå gang, fore, som er under utarbeidelselay hands on oneself begå selvmordlay one's hands on komme over, slå kloen i, få tak i legge hånd på noen, bruke vold mot noen legge hendene på, velsigne ved håndspåleggelselearn something at first hand få førstehåndskjennskap tillight hand lett hånd, varsom ( sjøfart) lettmatros, jungmannlight in hand føyelig, lett håndterlig (om hest)make money hand over fist tjene store penger, tjene grovt med penger, skuffe inn pengermany hands make light work ( ordtak) mange bekker små blir en stor åmoney in hand ( også) kontanter, kassebeholdning, kontantbeholdning, redepengera new hand nybegynnernot do a hand's turn ( hverdagslig) ikke gjøre et slag, ikke røre en fingeroff hand på sparket, på flekken, med det samme, med én gangold hand erfaren, drevenon all hands eller on every hand overalt, på alle kanterone game in hand ( sport) en kamp mindre spilton hand for hånden, tilgjengelig, i nærheteni noens eie, på lageron one's hands ha ansvaret for noe, være belemret med noe, bli sittende igjen med ansvaret for noetil rådighet, til disposisjonorders in hand ( handel) ordrebestandout of hand uten videre, på stående fot, øyeblikkelig utenfor kontroll, uregjerlig, ustyrlig, udisiplinert, ubehersketpass on into the hands of somebody overlevere i noens varetektpass over (in)to somebody's hands havne i noens varetektplay a good hand være flink til å spille kortplay into someone's hands ( kortspill) gjøre det lett for motspiller, spille opp til motspiller, gi noen lett spillplay (for) one's own hand handle i egen interesse, bare tenke på sin egen vinningput forth one's hand ( gammeldags) rekke frem håndenput one's hand to one's forehead ta seg for pannen, holde seg for pannenrepose in someone's hands overlate i noens hendersend by hand sende med budset one's hand to eller put one's hand to sette igang arbeidet medshake hands håndhilse, ta hverandre i hendeneshake hands on something ta hverandre i hånden på noeshake hands with somebody eller shake somebody by the hand ta noen i håndenshake somebody's hand ta noen i håndensit on one's hands la være å applaudere sitte med armene i kors, forholde seg passivsmall hand liten håndskriftspit on one's hands spytte i nevenetake a hand in være med på, delta itake in hand foreta seg, befatte seg med, ta hånd om, ta noen under behandlingtake something off someone's hands ( overført) befri noen fra noethrow in one's hand gi opp, overgi seg, slutte med noethrow up one's hands rekke opp hendenethrow up one's hands in despair reagere med fortvilelseto hand i hende, for håndentry one's hand at forsøke seg på noe, prøve (seg på) noeturn a hand to gi seg i kast med, gå i gang medunder hand under håndenunder someone's hand under noens hånd og segl, med noens egenhendige underskriftwait (up)on someone hand and foot eller serve someone hand and foot stå på pinne for noen, varte opp på alle bauger og kanterwash one's hands of ikke ville ha noe mere med å gjørewin hands down oppnå en lett seierwith empty hands med tomme hender, tomhendtwith one hand (tied) behind one's back med store begrensninger, med vanskeligheter lett, enkelt, uten problemer• I could kick his bult with one hand tied behind my back!wreathe hands vri henderwrite a good hand ha pen håndskriftIIverb \/hænd\/1) rekke, overrekke, gi, overgi, sende2) leie (ved hånden), lede, ledsage, føre, hjelpe3) ( sjøfart) beslå (seil)be handed down gå i arv, bli overleverthand about sende omkring, la gå rundthand back gi tilbake, levere tilbake, rekke tilbakehand down la gå i arv, gi videre (til etterkommere), overlevere, bringe videre (om tradisjoner e.l.)hand in levere inn, innleverehand it to someone ( hverdagslig) gi noen det som vedkommende fortjener, gi den ros vedkommende fortjenermedgi overfor noen, bøye seg for noen, anerkjenne noen som sin overmannhand on levere videre, la gå videre, sende viderehand out dele ut, levere uthand over to overlevere til, avlevere, utlevere, gi fra seghand round servere, la gå rundt, sende rundthave something handed to one on a plate få noe servert på et sølvfat -
94 masse
sg - mássen, pl - másser1) ма́сса ж, толпа́ ж2) гру́да ж, мно́жество с3) ма́сса ж, вещество́ с* * *body, heap, mass, multitude, pulp* * *(en -r)( kompakt stof) mass;( papirmasse) pulp;( folkemasse) crowd,(neds) mob;[ en masse](dvs mængde) a lot, lots ( fx he did a lot; we had lots to eat),(mere T) heaps;(+ sb) a lot (, lots, heaps) of ( fx food, potatoes, people);[ en hel masse] a whole lot of ( fx letters, food);[ masser af] lots (, heaps, masses) of ( fx food, potatoes, people; I've tried it lots (, heaps) of times);( rigeligt) plenty of ( fx we've got plenty of time (, money));(neds) the masses. -
95 APTAN
adv. from behind behind, opp. to framan; þá greip hann a. undir hendr honum, from behind; fyrir a., as prep. with acc., behind; ek hjó varginn í sundr fyrir a. bóguna, just behind the shoulders.* * *and aftan, s, m., dat. aptni, pl. aptnar, sometimes spelt apni and apnar, [Hel. aband; Germ. abend; Engl. even, evening; in Ulf. we only find andanahti = Gr. οψέ, οψία; Swed. afton, Dan. aften,—as it is often spelt], evening; not very freq. in prose, where kveld is the common word. It prop. meant the time from 3 till 9 o’clock, like the Old English ‘even;’ miðraptan ( middle-eve) is 6 o’clock; at 9 o’clock the night sets in, v. náttmál: a distinction is made between aptan and kveld, einn aptan at kveldi, an afternoon when the kveld ( twilight) sets in, Edda 35: but gener. = kveld, um aptaninn síð er myrkt var orðit, Fms. iv. 308, viii. 228, xi. 113; at aptni, 623. 55, Fms. viii. 201, Grág. i. 146; of aptna (apna), Grág. ii. 224; á öptnum, Bjarn. 23; miðraptan, Hrafn. 9, Nj. 153; aptans bíðr óframs sök, a laggard’s suit bides till even (a proverb). -
96 áðr
adv.1) already (ek hef áðr ráðit brullaup Mitt);3) = áðr en, previous to the time when, before, ere; þeir höfðu skamma hríð setið á. þar kom Gunnhildr, they had sat but a short while before G. came; dóu margir á. þeir kœmi til fyrirheitsjarðar, before they came to the land of promise;4) until, till (þat var svipstund ein á. stofan brann);5) sem á., nevertheless, for all that (hón bað hann þat eigi gera, en hann tekr hana sem á.).* * *adv. [cp. Hel. adro = mane], ere, already, soon; er ek hefi a. ( soon) ráðit brullaup mitt, Nj. 4; er Guð hafði á. bannat, Sks. 533; ok vóru þeir því á. ( already) heim komnir, Eg. 222; at nú so lægra í horninu en á., than before, Edda 32; litlu ú., a little while ago, Fms. viii. 130; þar sem ek em a. ( already) í fullri reiði Gtiðs, Sks. 533.2. á. en, Lat. prius quam, ante quam:α. with subj.; a. en þeir gengi, Fms. xi. 13; a. en í biskups garð falli, N. G. L. i. 145.β. with indic.; var eigi langt á. en bygðin tók við, Eg. 229.γ. áðr simply = áðr en; þeir höfðu skamma hríð setið, á. þar kom Gunnhildr, they had sat a short while ere G. came thither, Nj. 6; en á. hann reið heiman, 52; en þat var svipstund ein á. ( till) stofan brann, Eg. 240; en áðr hann let setja söguna saman, Sturl. iii. 306. -
97 ÁN
* * ** * *1.prep. [Goth. inuh; Hel. and O. H. G. ano; Germ, ohne; Gr. ανευ], without: the oldest form in MSS. is ón, Eluc. 25, Greg. Dial, (freq.), 655 xxvii. 2, Fms. xi. in, 153; aon, Hom. 19 sqq.; the common form is án; with gen. dat. and acc.; at present only with gen.I. with gen., þess máttu Gautar ilia án vera, Hkr. ii. 70. Ó. H. 49 has ‘þat;’ án manna valda, Fms. iii. 98; á. allra afarkosta, x. 7; mættim vér vel þess án vera, Ísl. ii. 339; in the proverb, án er ills gengis nema heiman hafi, Gísl. 63, but án er illt gengi (acc.), 149, Nj. 27, Ísl. ii. 142, l. c..; án allra klæða, Al. 171; án allrar vægðar, Sks. 229; ón lasta synda, Eluc. 25.II. with dat., esp. in translations or eccles. Writings, perh. in imitation of the Lat., and now quite out of use; esp. In the phrase, án e-s ráði, without (against) one’s will, Nj. 38, Bjarn. 71, Korm. 142, Fms. xi. 153, 111; ón góðum verkum, Greg. 13; án úfláti, incessantly, Bs. i. 97; ón dómi, Eluc. 39; sannr ok on gildingi, 655 xxvii. 2.III. with acc., esp. freq. in the Grág., án er illt gengi, v. above; þá skal hann án vera liðit, Grág. i. 276; án ráð lögráðanda, 334; hann mun þik ekki þykjast mega án vera, Fms. vii. 26; án allan verma, Sks. 210; án alla flærð, 522 B; ón líkamligan breyskleik, ok on dóm, Eluc. 38; án leyfi, without leave, Fms. vii. 141.IV. ellipt. without case, or adverbially, hvatki es betra es at hafa en ón at vera ( to be without), 677. 8; þau er mönnum þykir betr at hafa en án at vera, Gþl. 379; eiga vilja heldr en ón vera þat hit mjallhvíta man, Alvm. 7: acc. with inf., án við löst at lifa, sine culpâ vivere, Hm. 68; used substantively, in the proverb, alls áni ( omnium expers) verðr sá er einskis biðr, Sl. 38: Egilsson also, on Hdl. 23, suggests a form án, n.; but the passage (the poem is only left in the Fb.) is no doubt a corrupt one. Probably ‘ani ómi’ is a corruption from Arngrími (arngmi, the lower part of the g being blotted out: Arngrími | óru bornir | (öflgir ?) synir | ok Eyfuru, or the like).2.and Ön, a mythical king of Sweden, hence ána-sótt, f. painless sickness from age, decrepid old age; þat er síðan kölluð á. ef maðr deyr verklauss af elli, Hkr. i. 35: the word is mentioned in Fél. ix. s. v., but it only occurs l. c. as an απ. λεγ. and seems even there to be a paraphrase of the wording in the poem, knátti endr | at Uppsölum | ánasótt | Ön of standa, Ýt. 13; even in the time of Snorri the word was prob. not in use in Icel.2. the hero of the Án’s Saga, a romance of the 14th or 15th century, Fas. ii. 323–362; hence áni, a, m., means a fool, lubber. -
98 BÍÐA
I)(að), v. to wait;biða e-s, to wait for (þeir biðuðu þeirra).f. awaiting (rare).* * *beið, biðu, beðit; pres. bíð; imperat. bíð, 2nd pers. bíðþú, bíddu, [Ulf. beidan; A. S. bidan; Engl. bide; O. H. G. bitan]:—to bide.I. to bide, wait for: with gen., b. e-s, to wait for one, Eg. 274; skal slíkra manna at vísu vel b., such men are worth waiting for, i. e. they are not to be had at once, Fms. ii. 34; the phrase, bíða sinnar stundar, to bide one’s time: with héðan, þaðan, to wait, stand waiting, bíð þú héðan, unz ek kem, 656 C. 35; þaðan beið þengill, Hkv. 1. 22: also, b. e-s ór stað, Lex. Poët. The old writers constantly use a notion ‘a loco,’ þaðan, héðan, or stað, where the mod. usage is hér, þar, ‘in loco:’ absol., Fms. x. 37, Nj. 3.II. to abide, suffer, undergo, Lat. pati; with acc., b. harm, Nj. 250; skaða, Grág. i. 459, 656 C; ámæli, to be blamed, Nj. 133; bana, dauða, hel, to abide death …, to die, Hm. 19, Fms. vi. 114; ósigr, to abide defeat, be defeated; svá skal böl bæta at bíða annat meira (a proverb), Fb. ii. 336, Al. 57: sometimes in a good sense, bíða elli, to last to a great age, 656 A; b. enga ró, to feel no peace, be uneasy, Eg. 403; b. ekki (seint) bætr e-s, of an irreparable loss, Ísl. ii. 172.III. impers., e-t (acc.) bíðr, there abides, i. e. exists, is to be had, with a preceding negative; hvárki bíðr þar báru né vindsblæ, there is felt neither wave nor blast, Stj. 78; beið engan þann er ráða kynni, there was none that could make it out, 22; varla beið brauð eðr fæðu, was not to be had, 212; slægastr af öllum þeím kvikendum er til bíðr á jarðríki, 34. Gen. iii. 1.IV. part. pl. bíðendr, v. andróði. -
99 BORÐ
n.1) board, plank;2) the side of a ship (hlóðu skipin sem borð báru);borð á stjórn = stjórnborði;hlaupa (steypast, detta) fyrir borð, overboard;mikill borði, prop. = borðhár, borðmikill, of a ship floating high out of the sea, fig., proud of mind (= skapstórr);bera e-n (hlut e-s, mál e-s) fyrir borð, to neglect, slight one;verða (allr) fyrir borð borinn, verða allr fyrir borði, to be (quite) thrown overboard, i. e. slighted;ganga at borði við e-n, to submit, yield to, to come to terms with one;e-n brestr á borði, one fails, is beaten;á annat borð, on the other hand; otherwise, else;þykkir vera harðr á annat borð, a hard one to pull against;3) the inner margin of a vessel between the rim and the liquid (er nú gott berandi borð á horninu);4) board, table (used for meals);fara, ganga, koma til borðs or undir borð, to go, come to table;setjast yfir borð, undir borð, to sit down at table;sitja yfir borð or borðum, to sit at table;rísa (standa upp) frá borði, to rise from table;ryðja borð, to clear the table;þjóna fyrir borðum, to wait at table;setja e-m borð, to set a table before one;borð eru uppi or upp tekin, the tables are set up; but ‘borð eru upp tekin’ may also mean the tables are removed, = borð eru ofan;5) board, food, maintenance at table (veita, halda e-m borð);6) chessboard;bjóða e-m undir borð, to invite one to play at chess.* * *1. a board, plank, Lat. tabula; tók hann þá borð ok lausa viðu, ok rak um þvera stofuna, Grett. 140, N. G. L. i. 100.β. of a ship, the side (cp. starboard, larboard); höggr hann þá tveim höndum borð ( sides) skútunnar, ok gengu í sundr borðin ( the planks) um tvau rúm, Nj. 19; þeir Erlingr hjuggu raufar í drómundinum, sumar í kafi niðri, en sumar uppi á borðunum, Fms. vii. 232, Nj. 42; hence the nautical phrases, á borð, on each side; á tvau borð, á bæði borð, on both sides, Eg. 171; með endilöngum borðum, Fms. ii. 273, Eg. 122; leggja borð við borð = síbyrða, to lay a ship alongside of another, so as to board, Fas. ii. 534; bera skip borði, to make the bulwarks rise, Fms. ii. 218; fyrir borð, overboard, Eg. 124, Fms. xi. 140; á borði, on land, Jb. 327; borð 4 stjórn = stjórn-borði, the starboard side, Gþl. 518. The planks in a ship’s side have different names, e. g. aur-borð, skaut-borð, sól-borð.2. metaph. phrases, at vera mikill (lítill, nokkur) borði, to be of a high (or lowly) bearing, metaphor from a ship floating high out of, or deep in, the sea, Eg. 8, Sturl. iii. 196: verða (allr) fyrir borð borinn, to be (quite) thrown overboard, i. e. ill-used, Eb. 126, Fær. 234; verða allr fyrir borði, id., Ölk. 35; hans hlutr mundi eigi fyrir borð vera borinn, id., Rd. 239; e-n brestr á borði, to fail, be beaten (metaphor from rowing), Fms. ix. 507; taka skamt frá borði, to fall short, Lv. 45; ganga at borði við e-n, to come to terms, yield, submit, Bs. i. 889; gékk Egill tregt at borð um þetta mál, E. was hard, unyielding, 696; hverigum skyldi úhætt, nema þeir gengi at borði við hann, unless they came to terms with him, 727, 778; á annað borð, on the other hand; harðr maðr á annat borð, a hard one to pull against, Fms. xi. 39: but also on the other hand, otherwise, else; hann vildi með engu móti kalla á Þormóð sér til bjargar, þó at hann félli ofan á annað borð, though he was sure to tumble down otherwise (i. e. unless he called), Fbr. 88; hence freq. in mod. usage, e. g. ef eg á annað borð göri það, i. e. if I do it at all: navig., ganga til borðs, á borð, to go to one’s business, Fagrsk. 167, Bárð. 166.3. [A. S. bord = labrum], the margin between the rim of a vessel and the liquid; er nú gott berandi borð á horninu, Edda 32; hence, fjöru-borð, the shore between high and low water, vide 33, 34; cp. the saying, fullt skal frömum bera, þó skal borð á vera, i. e. it is clownish to bring a cup full to the brim, and, fullt skal föntum bera og ekkert borð á vera.II. a board, table, Lat. mensa; rísa frá borði, to rise from the board, from table, Rm. 17, or simply and ellipt. rísa, 30; borð is freq. used in pl., as in the old halls small tables were set at meal time, and removed after the meal; hence phrases, borð (pl.) ofan (upp) tekin, the tables being removed, cp. Virgil’s mensisque remotis, Nj. 176, Fms. i. 41, iv. 265, v. 126, Bs. i. 854, Eg. 408; til þess er borð fóru brott, 551; setjast undir borð (pl.), to sit down; sitja undir borðum, to be at table, Nj. 68, Eb. 306; ganga undir drykkju borð, Fms. iii. 93; koma undir borð (acc. pl.), 96; ganga til borða, iv. 114, 129; koma til borðs (sing.), 202, cp. Ó. H. 86, Fms. iv. 246; sitja yfir borðum, iii. 155, iv. 113; sitja yfir matborði, v. 126, viii. 212; sitja yfir borð (acc. pl.), id., Bs. i. 843: the rhyming phrase, vera þar at orði, sem hann er ekki at borði, vide Safn i. 91. It was the custom for kings or princes to give audience or receive poets whilst sitting at table, Fms. vi. 195, Eg. ch. 63.β. maintenance at table (cp. Engl. board and lodging); vera á borði með e-m, B. K. 124, D. N. (Fr.): of a chess-board, Bs. i. 635.COMPDS: borðamunr, borðavíti, borðstilgangr. -
100 BRYNJA
f. coat of mail.* * *u, f. [Ulf. brynio; A. S. burn; Hel. bry-nio; O. H. G. brunja; Swed. brynja; Dan. brynie]:—a coat of mail, in olden times woven of rings (hringa-brynja, ring-mail), hence in poetry called hring-skyrta, a chain-mail sark or shirt, with epithets such as ‘iron sewed, knit, woven,’ and the like, Lex. Poët.: the breast-plate, spanga-brynja (Fms. vii. 264, viii. 95, 388), is of later date, viz. of the time of the Crusades and the following ages, vide Fms. i. 43, ii. 309, iv. 65, vi. 410, 411, vii. 45, 46, viii. 403, xi. 137, v. 1. etc. etc., Bs. i. 526, 528, 624.COMPDS: brynjubítr, brynjubönd, brynjuhattr, brynjuhálsbjörg, brynjuhringr, brynjulauss, brynjumeistari, brynjurokkr.
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