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1 τυγχάνω
Aτύγχανον Od.14.231
, ([etym.] παρετ-) Il.11.74: [tense] fut.τεύξομαι 16.609
, Od.19.314, Ar.Eq. 112, Lys.18.23 (also as [tense] fut. [voice] Med. of τεύχω): [tense] aor. 2 ἔτῠχον, [dialect] Ep. τύχον, Il.5.287, 587, etc.; [dialect] Ep. subj. τύχωμι, -ῃσι, 7.243, 11.116; later also τετύχῃσι, Max.577; late [dialect] Ep. opt.τετύχοιμι Man.3.299
: [dialect] Ep. also [tense] aor. 1ἐτύχησα Il.15.581
, al., Hes.Fr.15: [tense] pf. τετύχηκα (intr.) Od.10.88 (part. τετυχηκώς, v.l. τετυχηώς. Il.17.748), Th. 1.32, (trans.) X.Cyr.4.1.2, Isoc.3.59; later also τέτευχα, D.21.150 (cod. S), Arist.EN 1119a10, PA 647b15, freq. later, PEnteux.6.7 (iii B. C.), UPZ123.30 (ii B. C.), PStrassb.98.10 (ii B. C.), Inscr.Prien.108.287 (ii B. C.), etc.; [dialect] Dor. [tense] pf. inf. (Cos, iii B. C.); but [dialect] Ion. [tense] plpf.ἐτετεύχεε Hdt.3.14
; τέτυχα v.l. in Ep.Hebr.8.6, v.l. in J.BJ7.5.4, ([etym.] συν- ) Aristeas 180, etc.; part.τετυχώς Jahresh.29
Beibl. 163 (Stara Zagora):—[voice] Med., [tense] aor. 1 :— [voice] Pass., [tense] impf.ἐτυγχάνετο Ant.Lib.39.3
(dub.): elsewh. in compds, [tense] aor. 1 ἐτεύχθην ([etym.] ἐν-) Plb.35.6.1: [tense] pf. τέτευγμαι ([etym.] ἐπι-) Id.6.53.2.A happen to be at a place, εἴ πέρ τε τύχῃσι μάλα σχεδόν even if she be quite near, Il.11.116; μὴ σύ γε κεῖθι τύχοις may'st thou not be there, Od.12.106; ;πεδίοιο διαπρύσιον τετυχηκώς Il.17.748
(but in these last two places the meaning may be ' has been made' (though not by human agency), cf. [γαῖα] οὐδ' εὐρεῖα τέτυκται Od.13.243
;γυναικὸς ἄρ' ἀντὶ τέτυξο Il.8.163
, etc.; v. ad fin.).2 of events, and things generally, happen to one, befall one, come to one's lot, c. dat. pers., οὔνεκά μοι τύχε πολλά because much fell to me, Il.11.684;καί μοι μάλα τύγχανε πολλά Od.14.231
; , cf. Pers. 706 (troch.);οἷ' αὐτοῖς τύχοι S.Ph. 275
;εἴ τι δεσπόταισι τυγχάνει E.Alc. 138
: abs.,εἰ δ' αὖθ', ὃ μὴ γένοιτο, συμφορὰ τύχοι A.Th.5
, cf. Ag. 347, etc.;ἄριστα πρὸς τὸ τυγχάνον E.Hel. 1290
, cf. Ion 1511.b [tense] aor. part. ὁ τυχών, the first one meets, any chance person, Hes.Th. 973, Pl.R. 539d, etc.;οἱ τ.
everyday men, the vulgar,X.
Mem.3.9.10, etc.;εἷς ἦν τῶν τ. Isoc.10.21
; οὐχ ὁ τ. ἀνήρ, of Moses, Longin.9.9: so of things, τὸ τυχόν any chance result, Pl.Ti. 46e; ; οὐχ ὁ τ. λόγος no common discourse, Pl.Lg. 723e;σύνεσιν οὐ τὰν τυχοῦσαν Archim.
Spir.Praef.; οἱ τ. φόβοι trifling fears, Lycurg.37; καίπερ τὸ τ. καταβαλοῦσιν though they may have paid a trifling sum, Str.5.2.7:—Math., τυχὸν σημεῖον any point (at random), Euc.1.5, cf. 6.9; ἄλλα, ἃ ἔτυχεν, ἰσάκις πολλαπλάσια any other equimultiples taken at random, Id.5.4.3 in [ per.] 3sg. [tense] aor. or [tense] impf., impers. (sts. also pers.) in relat. clauses, as (when, where, etc.) it (he, she, etc.) happened (may happen, etc.), i. e. anyhow, at any time, place, etc., καὶ ἀρχομένοις καὶ μεσοῦσι καὶ ὅπως ἔτυχέ τῳ at the beginning, middle, or any other point, Th.5.20; ὡς ἔτυχε ζημιοῦσθαι to be penalized just anyhow, X.Mem.3.9.13; οὐχ ὡς ἔτυχεν in no ordinary manner, Men. Sam.79, BMus.Inscr.4.481*.340 (Ephesus, ii A. D.); τὴν μὲν δικαίαν, τὴν δ' ὅπως ἐτύγχανεν just anyhow, E.Hipp. 929; ἀποτετμάσθω δύο τμάματα ὡς ἔτυχεν let two segments be cut off at random, Archim. Con.Sph.24;χώρᾳ γ' ἐν ᾗ ἔτυχε X.Oec.3.3
;ὅπου ἔτυχεν Id.Cyr.8.4.3
;ὅπου ἂν τύχῃ Pl.Prt. 242e
; sometimes,Pl.
Phd. 89b; sometimes,E.
El. 1169 (lyr.); but, at any odd time, Th.1.142;ἡνίκ' ἂν τ. D.1.3
; ἂν τύχῃ, εἰ τύχοι, it may be, Pl.Cra. 430e, Hp.Mi. 367a;τὸ δέ, εἰ ἔτυχεν, οὐχ οὕτως ἔχει Id.Cra. 439c
;εἰ οὕτως ἔτυχεν Arist.Cat. 8b12
; mere chance,Pl.
Phlb. 28d: with attraction of the relat. Pron.,τὸ οἷς ἔτυχε προσκρούειν Plu.Cic.27
;ὡμίλει ᾧ τύχοι Plb.26.1.3
;ὧν ἔτυχε πιμπλάμενος Luc.Vit.Auct.9
; οὐδὲ γὰρ ὧν ἔτυχ' ἦν they were not just any acts, D.18.130.b c. acc. et inf.,ἔτυχε ὄμβρον συνεργῆσαι Plu.Alc.28
, cf. Ael.NA5.6; ἔτυχεν ὥστε .. D.C.39.12.4 sts. the Verb agrees in person and number with the subject of the principal clause, perhaps by assimilation, ἀπαίροντες ἀπὸ τῆς Πελοποννήσου ὁπόθεν τύχοιεν, for ὁπόθεν τύχοι, Th.4.26, cf. 93, 5.56, 7.70, Pl.Tht. 179c; ὅ τι ἂν τύχωσι, τοῦτο λέγουσι they say just anything, Id.Prt. 353a;ὅ τι ἂν τύχωσι, τοῦτο πράξουτιν Id.Cri. 45d
, cf. Grg. 522c, Smp. 181b; ;ὡς ἐτύγχανον ἕκαστοι, ηὐλίζοντο X.An.2.2.17
, cf. 3.1.3;τάχ' ἄν, εἰ τύχοιεν, σωφρονέστεροι γένοιντο D.15.16
;δουλεύειν μᾶλλον ἢ μεθ' ὁποτέρου ἂν τύχωσι τούτων ἐλευθέρους εἶναι Th.8.48
; πρὸς ὀργὴν ἥν τινα τύχητε ἔστιν ὅτε σφαλέντες τὴν τοῦ πείσαντος μίαν γνώμην ζημιοῦτε yielding to the impulse of the moment, Id.3.43; Ra. 945: with attraction of the relat. Pron.,οὓς ἂν τύχῃς ἐπαινῶν Isoc.12.206
.5 neut. part. τυχόν, used abs. like ἐξόν, παρόν, etc., since it so befell,οὕτως τ. Luc.Symp.43
.b as Adv., perchance, perhaps, Isoc.4.171, X.An.6.1.20, Pl.Alc.2.140a, 150c, D.18.221, 21.41, Men.Pk. 184, 1 Ep.Cor.16.6;τ. ἴσως Epich.277
, E.Fr.953.9, Men. Epit. 287, Plb.2.58.9; τυχὸν μὲν.., τυχὸν δὲ .. Arr.An.1.10.6, etc.II joined with the part. of another Verb to express a coincidence, τύχησε γὰρ ἐρχομένη νηῦς a ship happened to be, i. e. was just then, starting, Od.14.334;ξεῖνος ἐὼν ἐτύχησε παρ' ἱπποδάμοισι Γερηνοῖς Hes.Fr.15.3
, cf. Semon.7.19, Pi.N.1.49;πρυτανεία ἣ ἂν τυγχάνῃ πρυτανεύουσα IG12.63.27
, cf. 52; τὰ νοέων τυγχάνω what I happen to have, i.e. have at this moment, in my mind, Hdt. 1.88, cf. 8.65,68.ά; ἐτετεύχεε ἐπισπόμενος Id.3.14
; ὃ τυγχάνω μαθών which I have just learnt, S.Tr. 370; παρὼν ἐτύγχανον I was by just then, Id.Aj. 748; τυγχάνει καθεύδων he is sleeping just now, Ar.V. 336 (troch.); ἔτυχον στρατευόμενοι they were just then engaged in an expedition, Th.1.104; ἔτυχε κατὰ τοῦτο καιροῦ ἐλθών he came just at this point of time, Id.7.2; ἥτις δέ τοι μάλιστα σωφρονεῖν δοκεῖ, αὕτη μέγιστα τυγχάνει λωβωμένη she is just the one who.., Semon.7.109; but freq. τυγχάνω cannot be translated at all, esp. in phrase τυγχάνω ὤν, which is simply = εἰμί, S.Aj.88, Ar.Pl.35, Pl.Prt. 313c, etc.2 the part. ὤν is sts. omitted, ; εἴ σοι χαρτὰ τυγχάνει τάδε ib. 1457; νῦν δ' ἀγροῖσι τυγχάνει ib. 313;ἔνδον γὰρ ἄρτι τυγχάνει Id.Aj.9
;εἴ τις εὔνους τυγχάνει Ar.Ec. 1141
;εἰ σὺ τυγχάνεις ἐπιστήμων τούτων Pl.Prt. 313e
, cf. Grg. 502b, R. 369b, al.: sts. τυγχάνειν is used much like εἶναι, Σωτὴρ γένοιτ' ἂν Ζεὺς ἐπ' ἀσπίδος τυχών A.Th. 520; οὐκ ἀποδάμου τυχόντος not being absent, Pi.P.4.5 (cf. τόσσαις); ποῦ χρὴ τηνικαῦτα τυγχάνειν; E.IA 730
; τ. ἐν ἐμπύροις to be engaged in.., Id.Andr. 1113; freq. in Arist., , cf. 1289b16, Top. 151b11; also in later Gr.,τὰ ἑπτάμηνα γόνιμα τυγχάνειν Sor.1.55
, cf. 69, al.;νέος πάνυ τυγχάνων PLips. 40 ii 7
(iv A. D.), etc.:—Phryn.244 rejects this usage in Attic.b τυγχάνον, = τὸ ἐκτὸς ὑποκείμενον, the external reality, e. g. αὐτὸς ὁ Δίων as distd. both from the word ([etym.] φωνή) Δίων and its meaning, Stoic.2.48.c τὰ πράγματα τυγχάνοντα καλοῦσι (sc. οἱ Στωϊκοί) , τέλος γὰρ τὸ τυχεῖν τούτων, ib.77.3 later c. inf., τυγχάνομεν ἐπιδεδωκέναι we happen to have handed in.., we have just handed in.., PTeb.796.13 (ii B. C.), cf. PSI10.1118.8 (i A. D.), 1.39.4 (ii A. D.), Heliod. et Antyll. ap. Orib.44.8.21, 25, 44.23.21, Gal. 18(2).394.B gain one's end or purpose, succeed,οὐκ ἐτύχησεν ἑλίξας Il. 23.466
;εἰ τύχῃ τις ἔρδων Pi.N.7.11
, cf. 55; τὸ τυχεῖν, = νίκη, Id.O.2.51;πείθειν.. τυγχάνειν θ' ἅμα E.Hec. 819
;εἰ τύχοιμεν Th.4.63
; τυχόντες if successful, opp. σφαλέντες, Id.3.39, cf. 82, Pi.P.10.62;τυγχάνουσι καὶ ἀποτυγχάνουσι Arist.Po. 1450a3
;ὀρθῶς πράττειν καὶ τ. Pl.Euthd. 280a
; gain one's request, Hdt.1.213 (so τυχόντα γνώμης in Th.3.42); in speaking, to be right,τί νιν καλοῦσα.. τύχοιμ' ἄν; A.Ag. 1233
, cf. Ch.14, 317 (lyr.), S.Ph. 223, OC 1580; (lyr.):—[voice] Pass., impers., αὐτῷ πρὸς τὸ ἔργον οὐδὲν ἐτυγχάνετο nothing went right, dub. in Ant.Lib. 39.3:—in part. τυχήσας or τυχών, combined with νύξε, βάλε, οὖτα, etc., pierce, wound, etc., successfully, so that the whole phrase means hit,ἔγχεϊ νύξε κατὰ κληῗδα τυχήσας Il.5.579
, cf. 858, 12.394; βάλε δουρὶ κατὰ ζωστῆρα τυχήσας ib. 189; , cf. 5.98, 582, 13.371, 397, Od.19.452, al.; also conversely,θηρητὴρ ἐτύχησε βαλών Il.15.581
;βαλὼν τύχω Hdt.3.35
; also apart from such combinations, hit, c. gen.,προβιβάντος Il.16.609
;μηρίνθοιο 23.857
;τ. τοῦ σκοποῦ Pl.Lg. 717b
, cf. R. 523b, Th.2.35, X.An.3.2.19, Ap.1: c. dupl. gen.,εἰ.. τοῦ παιδὸς.. τύχω μέσης τῆς καρδίης Hdt. 3.35
: abs.,ἤμβροτες οὐδ' ἔτυχες Il.5.287
;αἰ κε τύχωμι 7.243
, Od.22.7.II hit upon, light upon:1 meet, fall in with persons, Αακεδαίμονι.. τυχήσας having met [him] in Lacedaemon, Od.21.13: c. gen., ; τριακτῆρος ib. 172 (lyr.);ἀγαθῶν ἀνδρῶν Lys.2.5
;γυναικῶν X.Smp.9.7
: with a predicate added,μή τευ μελαμπύγου τύχῃς Archil.110
;προφρόνων Μοισᾶν τ. Pi.I.4(3).43(61)
;θεῶν ἀμεινόνων τ. E.Heracl. 351
;ἐμοῦ.. οἰκητοῦ S.OT 1450
, cf. 677;ἡμῶν τ. οἵων σε χρή E.Hel. 1300
, cf. Lys.18.23;ἐρωτᾶτε αὐτοὺς ὁποίων τινῶν ἡμῶν ἔτυχον X.An.5.5.15
;τοῦ δαίμονος.. κακοδαίμονος Ar.Eq. 112
.2 light on a thing,τύχε γάρ ἀμάθοιο βαθείης Il.5.587
; attain, obtain a thing, c. gen.,πομπῆς καὶ νόστοιο Od.6.290
;αἰδοῦς Thgn.253
, cf. 256; [ οἴκτου] A.Pr. 241;ξυγγνώμης Th.7.15
; ; of meeting with misfortunes, βίης τυχεῖν meet with, suffer violence, Hdt.9.108; τραυμάτων, κακῶν, A.Ag. 866, E.Hec. 1280; δίκης, κρίσεως, Pl.Grg. 472d, Phdr. 249a, cf. Lg. 869b: abs., have the lot or fate,ἄλλος μὲν ἀποφθίσθω ἄλλος δὲ βιώτω, ὅς κε τύχῃ Il.8.430
; (where τὴν is governed by αἰτήσας).b after Hom. also c. acc. of neut. Adj. or Pron.,τὰ πρόσφορα A.Ch. 711
, cf. Eu.30, S.OC 1106, Ph. 509 (lyr.), E.Med. 758, Hec.51: later the acc. is used more freely,τ. ἐπίστασιν Sammelb.5235.15
(i A. D.); (ii A. D.);βοήθειαν PGoodsp.Cair.15.14
(iv A. D.); (iv A. D.); .c after either case a gen. pers. may be added, obtain a thing from a person,ὧν δέ σου τυχεῖν ἐφίεμαι S.Ph. 1315
;σου τοῦτο τ. Id.OC 1168
; or the pers. may be added with a Prep.,τ. ἐπαίνου ἔκ τινος Id.Ant. 665
;παρὰ σεῖο τ. φιλότητος Od.15.158
;τιμίαν ἕδραν παρ' ἀνδρῶν A.Eu. 856
(dub.);αἰδοῦς ὑπό τινος X.Cyr.1.6.10
, cf. Mem.4.8.10, etc.: abs.,χρὴ πρὸς μακάρων τυγχάνοντ' εὖ πασχέμεν Pi.P.3.104
.d c. inf.,οἶμαί σου τεύξεσθαι μεθεῖναί με Pl.Phlb. 50d
;ἐὰν ψαῦσαι τοῦ νεκροῦ τύχωμεν Plu.Pel.33
; οὐ τυχὼν ἐπιδείξειν ( = ἐπιδεῖξαι ) not having succeeded in proving, PPetr.3p.153 (iii B. C.). (Τυ-γ-χ-άνω, with ἐτύχησα, τετύχηκα, is formed from the [tense] aor. τυχ-εῖν, which was orig. the [tense] aor. [voice] Pass. (with act. form) of τεύχω 'make'; ἔτυχε = factum est, as ἔτραφον = I was nourished (v. τρέφω); senses A.1.1-3 are the oldest and are parallel toτεύχω 11
(esp.[voice] Pass.); many of the forms belong equally to both verbs; τιτύσκομαι like wise belongs to both verbs; τ (ε) υχ- from Θ (ε) υχ-, cf. ἀποθύσκειν, ἐνθύσκει, συνθύξω, and perh. Germ. taugen 'to be capable, useful', Engl. dow, doughty.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τυγχάνω
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2 οὗτος
οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο, gen. τούτου, ταύτης, τούτου, etc.: the dual fem. never in [dialect] Att., v. ὁ, ἡ, τό, init.:—demonstr. Pron.,A this, common from Hom. downwds.A ORIGIN and FORMS: οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο prob. arose from a reduplication of the demonstr. ὁ, ἡ, τό with insertion of - υ- (= Skt. Particle u), e.g. ταῦτα fr. τα-υ-τα: [dialect] Dor. gen. sg. fem.τούτας Philol.11
; nom. pl.τοῦτοι, ταῦται A.D.Synt.111.23
: the former occurs Sophr.24, GDI 3045 B 6 ([place name] Selinus), SIG339.16 (Rhodes, iii B. C.), etc., the latter is dub. in Sophr.97, certain in SIG 241 B117 (Delph., iv B. C.): in [dialect] Boeot. all forms begin with οὑτ-, as gen. sg. neut.οὕτω Supp.Epigr.3.359.11
(iii B. C.); acc. sg. fem.οὕταν Corinn. Supp.2.80
; acc. pl. neut. (Tanagra, iii B. C.), etc.: gen. pl. fem. [dialect] Att. τούτων, Cret.ταυτᾶν Leg.Gort.5.19
; neut. (Elis, iv B. C.).—In [dialect] Ion. sts. written ταότην, ταο̄τα, SIG283.19 (Chios, iv B. C.), 46.7 (Halic., v B. C.), al.—In [dialect] Att. οὗτος was freq. strengthd. by the demonstr. -ί, οὑτοσί, αὑτηί, τουτί, gen. τουτουί, dat. τουτῳί, acc. τουτονί; pl. nom. οὑτοιί, neut. ταυτί, etc., this man here: sts. a Particle is inserted between the Pron. and -ί, as αὑτηγί for αὑτηί γε, Ar.Ach. 784; τουτογί for τουτί γε, Id.V. 781, Av. 894, al.; ταυταγί for ταυτί γε, Id.Eq. 492, Pax 1057, al.; τουτοδί for τουτὶ δέ, Id.Pl. 227; τουτουμενί for τουτουὶ μέν, Id.Ra. 965.—In codd. the ν ἐφελκυστικόν is sts. added in the forms οὑτοσίν, οὑτωσίν, and οὑτοσίν is said to be [dialect] Att. by A.D.Pron.59.24, 82.11. [This ι is always long, and a long vowel or diphthong before it becomes short, as αὑτη?οὗτοςXί, τουτω?οὗτοςXί, οὑτοῐί, Ar.Nu. 201, Pl.44, Ach.40, etc.]B USAGE in regard to CONCORD. οὗτος is freq. used as a Pron. Subst.: hence neut. is folld. by gen.,κατὰ τοῦτο τῆς ἀκροπόλιος Hdt. 1.84
;εἰς τοῦθ' ὕβρεως ἐλήλυθεν D.4.37
;εἰς τοῦθ' ἥκεις μανίας Id.36.48
;ταῦτα τῶν μαθημάτων Pl.Euthd. 278b
: but quite as freq. as Adj., in which case its Subst. commonly takes the Art., οὗτος ὁ ἀνήρ or ὁ ἀνὴρ οὗτος.—But the Art. is absent,1 always in [dialect] Ep. Poets (exc. Od.18.114),οὗτος ἀνήρ Il.14.471
, Od.1.406, etc.: sts. also in Trag., A.Pers. 122 (lyr.), 495, S.Ph. 406, OC 471, 1177: once in an Inscr., τοπεῖα:τούτων τὰ ἡμίσεα τοπείων IG22.1622.135
(iv B. C.).2 sts. when the Noun is so specified that the Art. is not needed,ἐς γῆν ταύτην.., ἥντινα νῦν Σκύθαι νέμονται Hdt.4.8
; , cf. Pl.R. 449d, etc.;πατὴρ σὸς οὗτος, ὃν θρηνεῖς ἀεί S.El. 530
.4 when the Noun with which οὗτος agrees stands as its Predicate,αὕτη γὰρ ἦν σοι πρόφασις S.Ph. 1034
; δικαστοῦ αὕτη ἀρετή [ἐστι] Pl.Ap. 18a: this exception extends to cases in which the Predicate is not so distinctly separated from the Subject, αἰτίαι μὲν αὗται προυγεγένηντο these were the grievances which already existed, Th.1.66; ταύτην φήμην παρέδοσαν this was the report which.., Pl.Phlb. 16c: freq. with a [comp] Sup., κίνησις αὕτη μεγίστη δὴ.. ἐγένετο this was notably the greatest movement which.., Th.1.1, cf. 3.113: withπρῶτος Id.1.55
,98, 6.31, Ev.Luc. 2.2.5 when [ per.] 3rd pers. is used for [ per.] 2nd to express contempt, οὗτος ἀνήρ, οὑτοσὶ ἀνήρ, Pl.Grg. 467b, 489b, etc.II though οὗτος usu. agrees with the Noun that serves as Predicate, it is not rare to find it in the neut.,μανία δὲ καὶ τοῦτ' ἐστί E.Ba. 305
;τοῦτο γάρ εἰσι.. εὔθυναι D.19.82
, etc.: and in pl.,οὐκ ἔστι ταῦτα ἀρχή Aeschin. 3.13
;ταῦτ' ἐστὶν ὁ προδότης Id.2.166
: so with an explanatory clause added,τοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν ὁ συκοφάντης, αἰτιᾶσθαι μὲν πάντα ἐξελέγξαι δὲ μηδέν D.57.34
.2 so also with a Noun in apposition,τούτοισιν μὲν ταῦτα μέλει, κίθαρις καὶ ἀοιδή Od.1.159
;τούτου τιμῶμαι, ἐν πρυτανείῳ σιτήσεως Pl.Ap. 36e
, cf. E.Fr.323.3, etc.3 the neut. also may refer to a masc. or fem. Noun, καρπὸν φορέει κυάμῳ ἴσον: τοῦτο ἐπεὰν γένηται πέπον κτλ. Hdt.4.23, cf. X.An.1.5.10, etc.4 the neut. is also used of classes of persons, μελιτοπῶλαι καὶ τυροπῶλαι: , cf. Pl.Lg. 711a; or of an abstract fact,οὐκ Ἰοφῶν ζῇ;—τοῦτο γάρ τοι καὶ μόνον ἔτ' ἐστὶ λοιπὸν ἀγαθόν Ar.Ra.73
.III with Prons.,1 personal, οὗτος σύ, in local sense, v. infr. c.1.5.2 interrog., τί τοῦτ' ἔλεξας; what is this that.. ? S.Ph. 1173 (lyr.), cf. Ant.7; ποίοισι τούτοις; for ποῖά ἐστι ταῦτα οἷς [ἔχεις ἐλπίδα]; Id.OC 388, cf.Ant. 1049; Νέστορ' ἔρειο ὅν τινα τοῦτον ἄγει whom he brings here, Il.11.612.4 possess., πατὴρ σὸς οὗτος this father of thine, S.El. 530, cf. X.An.7.3.30.5 demonstr., οὗτος ἐκεῖνος, τὸν σὺ ζητέεις, where ἐκεῖνος is the Predicate, Hdt.1.32;τοῦτ' ἔστ' ἐκεῖνο E. Hel. 622
, cf. Or. 804; αὐτὸ τοῦτο, v. αὐτός 1.7; τοῦτον τὸν αὐτὸν ἄνδρα this same man, S.Ph. 128.b exceptionally,Διφίλου οὗτος ὅδ' ἐστὶ τύπος IG12(5).300
([place name] Paros).6 ἄλλος τις οὗτος ἀνέστη another man here, Od.20.380.IV with Numerals, τέθνηκε ταῦτα τρία ἔτη these three years, Lys.7.10codd.; [στρατείαν] ἑνδέκατον μῆνα τουτονὶ ποιεῖται for these eleven months, D.8.2, cf. 3.4;τριακοστὴν ταύτην ἡμέραν Men.Epit.27
;ταύτας τριάκοντα μνᾶς D.27.23
, cf. Pl.Grg. 463b, etc.C SIGNIFICATION AND SPECIAL IDIOMS:I this, to designate the nearer, opp. ἐκεῖνος, that, the more remote, ταῦτα, like τὰ ἐνταῦθα, things round and about us, earthly things, Pl.Phd. 75e (v. l.); cf. ὅδε init.: but οὗτος sts. indicates that which is not really nearest, but most important, δεῖ.. τὸ βέλτιστον ἀεί, μὴ τὸ ῥᾷστον λέγειν: ἐπὶ ἐκεῖνο μὲν γὰρ ἡ φύσις αὐτὴ βαδιεῖται, ἐπὶ τοῦτο δὲ κτλ. D.8.72, cf. 51.3 and 18.2 when, of two things, one precedes and the other follows, ὅδε prop. refers to what follows, οὗτος to what precedes,οὐκ ἔστι σοι ταῦτ', ἀλλά σοι τάδ' ἔστι S.OC 787
, cf. ὅδε III. 2: freq., however, where there are not two things, οὗτος refers to what follows, Il. 13.377, Od.2.306, etc.; οὔκουν.. τοῦτο γιγνώσκεις, ὅτι .. ; A.Pr. 379, etc.3 οὗτος is used emphat., generally in contempt, while ἐκεῖνος denotes praise, ὁ πάντ' ἄναλκις οὗτος, i.e. Aegisthus, S.El. 301;τούτους τοὺς συκοφάντας Pl.Cri. 45a
; so D.de Coron. uses οὗτος of Aeschines, ἐκεῖνος of Philip; but οὗτος is used of Philip, D.2.15, 4.3.b of what is familiar, τούτους τοὺς πολυτελεῖς χιτῶνας, of the Persians, X.An.1.5.8;οἱ τὰς τελετὰς.. οὗτοι καταστήσαντες Pl.Phd. 69c
, cf. Men. 80a; τὸ θυλακῶδες τοῦτο the familiar bag-like thing, Thphr.HP3.7.3, cf. 3.18.11, 4.7.1;οἱ τὰς κόρας ταύτας ὠνούμενοι τοῖς παισίν D.Chr.31.153
.4 in [dialect] Att. law-language, οὗτος is commonly applied to the opponent, whether plaintiff (as in Aeschin. 2.130 ) or defendant (as in Id.1.1); so, in the political speeches of D., οὗτοι are the opposite party, 4.1, 8.7, etc.; but in the forensic speeches, οὗτοι freq. means the judges, the court, 21.134, 36.47.5 much like an Adv., in local sense (cf. ὅδε init.), τίς δ' οὗτος κατὰ νῆας.. ἔρχεαι; who art thou here that comest.. ? Il.10.82; freq. in [dialect] Att., τίς οὑτοσί; who's this here? Ar.Ach. 1048; πολλὰ ὁρῶ ταῦτα πρόβατα I see many sheep here, X.An.3.5.9 (as v.l.): with Pron. of 2 pers., οὗτος σύ ho you! you there! S.OT 532, 1121, E.Hec. 1280, etc.: and then οὗτος alone like a voc., οὗτος, τί ποιεῖς; A.Supp. 911,cf.S.Aj.71, E.Alc. 773, Ar.Eq. 240, Nu. 220, al.: with a pr. n.,ὦ οὗτος, Αἴας S.Aj.89
;ὦ οὗτος οὗτος, Οἰδίπους Id.OC 1627
, cf. Ar.V. 1364: with voc.,βέντισθ' οὗτος Theoc.5.76
:—the fem. is rarer, ; .—This phrase mostly implies anger, impatience, or scorn.II simply as antec. to ὅς, Od.2.40, S.OT 1180, etc.: freq. following relat. clause,ἅ γ' ἔλαβες,.. μεθεῖναι ταῦτα Id.Ph. 1247
, cf. 1319,Ant. 183, 203, Pl.Grg. 469c.III = τοιοῦτος, οὗτος ἐγὼ ταχυτᾶτι Pi.O. 4.26;σὺ τοίνυν οὗτος εὑρέθης D.18.282
, cf. 173.IV after a parenthesis, the Subject, though already named, is freq. emphat. repeated byοὗτος, οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδὲ Ἀριστέης.., οὐδὲ οὗτος προσωτέρω.. ἔφησε ἀπικέσθαι Hdt.4.16
, cf.81 (s. v. l.), 1.146, Pl.Phd. 107d, etc.V καὶ οὗτος is added to heighten the force of a previous word,ξυνεστῶτες.. ναυτικῷ ἀγῶνι, καὶ τούτῳ πρὸς Ἀθηναίους Th.4.55
, cf. Hdt.1.147, 6.11, etc.; soοὐδὲ τούτου Aeschin.2.100
; v. infr. VIII.2.VI repeated, where for the second we should merely say he or it,τοῖσιν τούτου τοῦτον μέλεσιν.. κελαδοῦντες Ar.Ra. 1526
, cf. Pl.La. 200d.1 ταῦτ', ὦ δέσποτα yes Sir (i. e. ἔστι ταῦτα, ταῦτα δράσω, etc.), Ar.V. 142, Pax 275, cf. Eq.III; so ; ; so also ἦν ταῦτα even so, true, E.Ph. 417.2 ταῦτα μὲν δὴ ὑπάρξει so it shall be, Pl.Phd. 78a.3 καὶ ταῦτα μὲν δὴ ταῦτα so much for that, freq. in [dialect] Att., as Pl.Smp. 220c.4 ταῦτα at end of a formula in epitaphs, etc., prob. short for ταῦτα οὕτως ἔχει or ὁ βίος ταῦτά ἐστιν, e.g. οὐδὶς ( = -εὶς) ἀθάνατος:ταῦτα IG14.420
; Προκόπι ταῦτα ib.1824; χαίρεται ( = -τε) ταῦτα ib.1479, etc.: similarly perh. in a letter,ἂμ μὴ πέμψῃς, οὐ μὴ φάγω, οὐ μὴ πείνω. ταῦτα POxy.119.15
(ii/iii A. D.).VIII Adverbial usages:1 ταῦταabs., therefore, that is why.., Il.11.694;ταῦτ' ἄρα Ar.Ach.90
,Nu. 319, 335, 394, al., X.Smp.4.55; , Pl.Smp. 174a; , Ar.V. 1358, etc.; αὐτὰ ταῦτα ἥκω, ἵνα .. Pl.Prt. 310e: τοῦτο is rare in this sense,τοῦτ' ἀφικόμην, ὅπως.. εὖ πράξαιμί τι S. OT 1005
; αὐτὸ γὰρ τοῦτο just because of this, Pl.Smp. 204a.b πρὸς ταῦτα so then, therefore, prop. used in indignant defiance, A.Pr. 992, 1043, S.Aj. 971, 1115, 1313, OT 426, OC 455, etc.2 καὶ ταῦτα, adding a circumstance heightening the force of what has been said, and that,ἄνδρα γενναῖον θανεῖν, καὶ ταῦτα πρὸς γυναικός A.Eu. 627
: but mostly with a part.,ὅς γ' ἐξέλυσας ἄστυ.., καὶ ταῦθ' ὑφ' ἡμῶν οὐδὲν ἐξειδὼς πλέον S.OT37
, cf. Ar.Ra. 704, Pl.Phdr. 241e, etc.; or with a part. omitted, ἥτις.. τὴν τεκοῦσαν ὕβρισεν, καὶ ταῦτα τηλικοῦτος (sc. οὖσα) S.El. 614; soκαὶ ταῦτα μέντοι Pl.Erx. 400b
.b καὶ ταῦτα anyhow, no matter what happens (or happened), ἐπεχείρησας, οὐδὲν ὢν καὶ ταῦτα you tried, but were no good anyhow, i.e. try as you might, Id.R. 341c, cf. Diod.Com.3.5.3 τοῦτο μέν.., τοῦτο δέ .. on the one hand.., on the other.., partly.., partly.., very freq. in Hdt., as 1.161, al.; τοῦτο μέν is sts. answered by δέ only, 4.76, S.Aj. 670, OC 440; by δὲ αὖ, Hdt.7.176; by ἔπειτα δέ, S.Ant.61; by ἀλλά, D.22.13; by εἶτα, S.Ph. 1345; by τοῦτ' αὖθις, Id.Ant. 165.4 dat. fem. ταύτῃ,a on this spot, here, ταύτῃ μὲν.., τῇδε δ' αὖ .. Id.Ph. 1331;ἀλλ' ἐὰν ταύτῃ γε νικᾷ, ταυτῃὶ πεπλήξεται Ar.Eq. 271
, cf. Th. 1221.c in this way, thus, A.Pr. 191, S.OC 1300, etc.;οὐ.. ταῦτ' ἐστί πω ταύτῃ Ar.Eq. 843
;ἀλλ' οὔτι ταύτῃ ταῦτα E. Med. 365
, cf. A.Pr. 511: antec. to ὥσπερ, Pl.R. 330c; to ὅπῃ, X.Cyr. 8.3.2;οὕτω τε καὶ ταύτῃ γίγνοιτο Pl.Lg. 681d
; καὶ οὕτω καὶ ταύτῃ ἂν ἔχοι ib. 714d; ταύτῃ καλεῖσθαι, etc., like οὕτω κ., Sch.Pl.Smp. 215b.6 ἐν τούτῳ in that case, Pl.R. 440c.7 πρὸς τούτοις ([etym.] - οισι) besides, Hdt.2.51, Pl.Prt. 326a, X.Mem.2.4.4, Ar.Pl. 540. -
3 πᾷ
πᾷ, [dialect] Dor. for πῇ, -
4 συμφορέω
A = συμφέρω, in the primary sense, bring together, collect, heap up, Hdt. 5.92.ή; τὰ ὀστέα ἐς ἕνα Χῶρον Id.9.83
; τὰ Χρήματα ib.81; τὰ γέρρα ib.99;λίθους καὶ ξύλα Th.6.99
;εἰς μίαν οἴκησιν πάντα Χρήματα Pl. Lg. 805e
;πνεῦμα σ. τὴν Χιόνα X.Cyn.8.1
; αἰτίας καὶ σκώμματα καὶ λοιδορίας ς. D.18.15;συμπτωμάτων πλῆθος οὐχ ὁμογενῶν Gal.16.811
; [ λόγους] Luc.Pisc.22:—[voice] Med., collect for oneself, Arist.Mir. 832a24 (perh. [voice] Pass.); of birds building nests, Id.HA 559a10:—[voice] Pass., to be collected, opp. διαφορεῖσθαι, Pl.Lg. 693a, cf. Epicur.Ep.1p.23U.; ἵππος εἰκῇ συμπεφορημένος put together anyhow, Pl.Phdr. 253e;καλιὰν ἐκ δένδρων συμπεφορημένην Luc.VH2.40
; συμπεφορημένη jumbled together (with a play on συμφορά), Pl.Phlb. 64e; join streams, of rivers, A.R.1.39.2 metaph., συμπεφορημένος, of a person whose philosophy is a jumble of opinions, Epicur.Nat.14.7; cf. συμπεφορημένως.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συμφορέω
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5 ἔμπας
A ): [dialect] Ep. [full] ἔμπης also in late [dialect] Ion. prose, Aret.SA2.8, SD2.11: [dialect] Dor. also [full] ἔμπᾱν, Pi.P.5.55, N.6.4, 11.44; and [full] ἔμπᾰ (v. supr.), Id.N.4.36, Call.Epigr.14:—poet. Adv.1 = ὁμοίως, alike,Ζεὺς δ' ἔ. πάντ' ἰθύνει Il.17.632
;ἔ. ἐς γαῖάν τε καὶ οὐρανὸν ἵκετ' ἀϋτμή 14.174
;ἔ. τὰ καὶ τὰ νέμων Pi.P.5.55
.2 in any case,νῦν δ' ἔ. γὰρ κῆρες ἐφεστᾶσιν θανάτοιο, ἴομεν Il.12.326
; οὐκ ἐφάμην ῥιγωσέμεν ἔ. Od.14.481; anyhow, as things are, σὺ δὲ χαῖρε καὶ ἔ. 5.205, cf. Il.19.308, v.l. for αὕτως in Od.16.143; ὄφρ' ἔτι μᾶλλον Τρωσὶ μὲν εὐκτὰ γένηται ἐπικρατέουσί περ ἔ. though they are victorious as it is, Il.14.98.3 in the same way, so,ἔ. μοι τοῖχοι.. φαίνοντ' ὀφθαλμοῖς ὡς εἰ πυρὸς αἰθομένοιο Od.19.37
, cf. 18.354.II = ὅμως, all the same, nevertheless,ἔ. δ' οὐκ ἐδάμασσα Il.5.191
;πρῆξαι δ' ἔ. οὔ τι δυνήσεαι 1.562
, cf. Od.19.302, 2.199; afterἀλλά, ἀλλὰ καί, ἀλλ' ἔ. μιν ἐάσομεν 16.147
, cf. Il. 8.33, Od.4.100, al.; ἀλλὰ καὶ ἔ. αἰσχρόν but even so.., Il.2.297, cf. 19.422; ἐγὼ δ' αἰσχύνομαι ἔ. Od.18.12, cf. 15.214; following part. with περ,= καίπερ, Νέστορα δ' οὐκ ἔλαθεν πίνοντά περ ἔ. Il.14.1, cf. Od. 15.361, 18.165; rarely before the part.,ἄλγεα δ' ἔ. ἐν θυμῷ κατακεῖσθαι ἐάσομεν ἀχνύμενοί περ Il.24.522
. (Signff. 1 and 11 were distd. by Aristarch., cf. Sch.T Il.14.1.)III in later Poets sts. in a milder sense, at any rate, yet, A.Pr.48, Eu. 229, S.Ant. 845, E.Cyc. 535 (lyr.); after δέ, Pi.P.4.86;ἀλλ' ἔμπας A.Pr. 189
(lyr.), E.Alc. 906 (lyr.);ἀλλ' ἔμπαν Pi.N.6.4
, 11.44; ἔμπα, καἴπερ ἔχει .. ib.4.36, cf. S.Aj. 563: with a part., ib. 1338; δύστηνον ἔμπας, καίπερ ὄντα δυσμενῆ ib. 122; also with Adj.,ἀφωνήτῳ περ ἔμπας ἄχει Pi.P.4.237
.------------------------------------ -
6 ὅπως
ὅπως, [dialect] Ep. also and [dialect] Aeol. [full] ὅππως, [dialect] Ion. [full] ὅκως, [dialect] Dor. [full] ὁπῶς acc. to A.D.Adv.173.11: correlat. to ὡς and πῶς.A ADV. OF MANNER, Relat. as, in such manner as, and with interrog. force how, in what manner, rarely indef., v. infr. A. V.B FINAL CONJUNCTION, in such a manner that, in order that.A ADV. OF MANNER, how, as:1 with the ordinary Constr. of the Relat.:a with ind.,ἦ τοι νόστον, ὅπως φρεσὶ σῇσι μενοινᾷς, ὥς τοι Ζεὺς τελέσειεν Od.15.111
;οὕτως ὅ... S.Tr. 330
;ὧδ' ὅ. Id.El. 1301
;οὕτως ὅ. δύνανται Th.7.67
: sts. an analogous word replaces the antec. Adv., με τοῖον ἔθηκεν, ὅπως (for οἷον)ἐθέλει Od.16.208
: freq. without any antec. expressed, ἔλθοι ὅ... ἐθέλω (sc. αὐτὸν ἐλθεῖν) 14.172 ;ἔρξον ὅ. ἐθέλεις Il.4.37
, Od.13.145 ;χρῶ ὅ. βούλει X.Cyr.8.3.46
; ποίει ὅ. ἄριστόν σοι δοκεῖ εἶναι ib.4.5.50 ; ὅ. ἔχω as I am, on the spot, S. Ph. 819.b with [tense] fut. ind., esp. after Verbs of seeing, providing, taking care.., in the manner in which, how, that,οἱ Περσικοὶ νόμοι ἐπιμέλονται ὅπως μὴ τοιοῦτοι ἔσονται οἱ πολῖται X.Cyr.1.2.3
; ; .ά, cf. Pl.Ap. 29e ; ;τοῦτο μηχανᾶσθαι ὅπως ἀποφεύξεται πᾶν ποιῶν θάνατον Pl.Ap. 39a
;τούτου στοχαζόμενοι, ὅπως.. ἔσονται Id.Grg. 502e
(cf. infr.111.1 b, etc.): this [tense] fut. ind. may become opt. after a historical tense,ἐπεμελεῖτο ὅπως μήτε ἄσιτοι μήτε ἄποτοί ποτε ἔσοιντο X.Cyr.8.1.43
, cf. HG7.5.3, Cyr.8.1.10, Oec.7.5, Ages.2.8 ; and ὅπως is freq. used interchangeably with such forms as δι' ὧν, ὅτῳ τρόπῳ, etc.,εἰσηγοῦνται μὴ δι' ὧν.. ἀσκήσουσιν, ἀλλ' ὅπως.. δόξουσι Isoc.1.4
, cf. Th.6.11: this sense easily passes into a final sense, so that,τοῦτο ἀπόβαλε οὕτω ὅκως μηκέτι ἥξει Hdt.3.40
; οὕτω δ' (sc. ποίει) , cf. Ar.Ra. 905, X.Cyr.4.5.25, HG 2.4.17 ; v. infr. B.2 with ἄν ([dialect] Ep. κε ) and subj. in indefinite sentences, in whatever way, just as, however,ὅππως κεν ἐθέλῃσιν Il.20.243
(but ὅπως ἐθέλῃσιν (without κε) Od.1.349, 6.189) ;οὕτως ὅκως ἂν καὶ δυνώμεθα Hdt.8.143
;οὕτως ὅπως ἂν αὐτοὶ βούλωνται X.Cyr.1.1.2
, cf. IG22.1.13 (v B. C.), Pl.Phd. 116a, Smp. 174b, etc.b with opt. after historical tenses,οὕτως ὅ. τύχοιεν Th.8.95
;ὅ. βούλοιντο X.HG 2.3.13
; in a gnomic statement,εἰκῇ κράτιστον ζῆν ὅ. δύναιτό τις S. OT 979
: when ἄν appears with the opt., it belongs to the Verb and not to ὅπως, ὅ. ἄν τις ὀνομάσαι τοῦτο however one might think fit to call it, D.13.4.3 a very common phrase is οὐκ ἔστιν ὅ. ( οὐκ ἔσθ' ὅπως ) there is no way in which.., it cannot be that,οὐκ ἔστι ὅκως κοτὲ σοὺς δέξονται λόγους Hdt.7.102
, cf. Ar.Pl.18, D.18.208, al.; so οὐκ ἔστιν ὅ. οὐ, fieri non potest quin,οὐκ ἔσθ' ὅ. οὐ πιστὸν ἐξ ὑμῶν πτερὸν ἐξήγαγ' S.OC97
, cf. Ar.Ach. 116, Eq. 426, Th. 882, Pl.Ap. 27e ; οὐδαμῶς ὅ. οὐ, in answer, it must positively be so, Id.Tht. 160d ; so alsoοὐκ ἂν γένοιτο τοῦθ' ὅ... οὐ φανῶ S.OT 1058
; οὐ γὰρ γένοιτ' ἄν, ταῦθ' ὅ. οὐχ ὧδ' ἔχειν (anacoluth. for ἔχει or ἕξει) Id.Aj. 378 : so in questions, ἔσθ' ὅ... ἔλθωμεν; Ar.V. 471 (v.l. -οιμεν) ; ἔστιν οὖν ὅ. ὁ τοιοῦτος φιλοσοφήσει; Pl.R. 495a, cf. Phdr. 262b, Tht. 154c : so, besides ind. of all tenses, οὐκ ἔσθ' ὅ. may be folld. by opt. withἄν, οὐ γάρ ἐσθ' ὅπως μί' ἡμέρα γένοιτ' ἂν ἡμέραι δύο Ar.Nu. 1181
, cf. V. 212, Isoc.12.156, Pl.La. 184c: by ind. withἄν, οὐκ ἔστιν ὅπως ἂν.. κατέστησαν Isoc. 15.206
, cf. D.33.28 : ἄν is omitted inοὐκ ἔσθ' ὅπως λέξαιμι A.Ag. 620
, cf. E.Alc.52, Ar.V. 471 (v.l. ἔλθωμεν).4 in Trag., etc., like ὡς in comparisons, ;γῄτης ὅπως S.Tr.32
, cf. 442, 683 ;ὅπως δρῦν ὑλοτόμοι σχίζουσι κάρα Id.El.98
(anap.) ; ὅπως ἁ πάνδυρτος ἀηδών ib. 1076 (lyr.), cf. Ph. 777, E.Andr. 1140 ;ὅκως τις καλλίης κάτω κύπτων Herod.3.41
; so in [dialect] Locr. Prose,ὅπω (ς) ξένον IG9(1).334.2
(V B.C.).5 like ὡς or ὅτι, with [comp] Sup. of Advs.,ὅ. ἄριστα A.Ag. 600
, IG12.44.8, etc.; ὅ. ἀνωτάτω as high up as possible, Ar. Pax 207 ; in full, οὕτως ὅ. ἥδιστα (sc. ἔχει) S.Tr. 330.6 with a gen. added, σοῦσθε ὅ. ποδῶν run as you are off for feet, i. e. as quick as you can, A.Supp. 837 (lyr., where however < ἔχετε> shd. prob. be added); v. infr. 111.10, ἔχω (A) B. 11.2b.7 sts. of Time, when,Τρῶες.. ὅπως ἴδον αἷμ' Ὀδυσῆος.., ἐπ' αὐτῷ πάντες ἔβησαν Il.11.459
, cf. 12.208, Od.3.373: freq. in Hdt. with opt., whenever, , cf. 68, 100, 162, 186, 2.13, 174, al.: in Trag. and Com., A.Pers. 198, S.El. 749, Tr. 765, Ar.Nu. 60 : with [comp] Sup. of Advs.,ὅ. πρῶτα
as soon as,Hes.
Th. 156 ;ὅ. ὤκιστα Thgn.427
;ὅ. τάχιστα A.Pr. 230
.8 of Place, where, dub. in Herod.3.75.II ὅπως is sts. used to introduce the substance of a statement, after Verbs of saying, thinking, or perceiving, that, how,λόγῳ ἀνάπεισον ὅκως.. Hdt.1.37
;οὐδὲ φήσω ὅκως.. Id.2.49
, cf. 3.115, 116 ;τοῦτ' αὐτὸ μή μοι φράζ', ὅπως οὐκ εἶ κακός S.OT 548
, cf. Ant. 223, Pl.Euthd. 296e ; after ἐλπίζειν, S.El. 963, E.Heracl. 1051 ; after Verbs of emotion, ἐμοὶ δ' ἄχος.., ὅπως δὴ δηρὸν ἀποίχεται grief is mine, when I think how.. (i. e. that..), Od.4.109, cf. S.Ph. 169 (lyr.); after θαυμάζω freq. in [dialect] Att.,θαυμάζω ὅ. ποτὲ ἐπείσθησαν Ἀθηναῖοι X.Mem.1.1.20
, cf. Pl.Cri. 43a.2 οὐχ ὅ... ἀλλὰ or ἀλλὰ καὶ.. is not only not.. but.., and is expld. by an ellipsis of λέγω or ἐρῶ (cf. ὅτι IV), οὐχ ὅ. κωλυταὶ.. γενήσεσθε, ἀλλὰ καὶ.. δύναμιν προσλαβεῖν περιόψεσθε not only will you not become.., but you will also.., Th.1.35, cf. X.HG5.4.34, D.6.9 ;οὐχ ὅ. ὑμῖν τῶν αὑτοῦ τι ἐπέδωκεν, ἀλλὰ τῶν ὑμετέρων πολλὰ ὑφῄρηται Lys.30.26
;οὐχ ὅ. τούτων χάριν ἀπέδοσαν, ἀλλ' ἀπολιπόντες ὑμᾶς εἰς τὴν Λακεδαιμονίων συμμαχίαν εἰσῆλθον Isoc.14.27
, cf. D.18.131, 53.13 ;οὐ γὰρ ὅπως.., ἀλλὰ καὶ.. Id.21.11
;οὔκουν ὅπως.., ἀλλὰ.. X.Cyr.8.2.12
; alsoοὐχ ὅ..., ἀλλ' οὐδέ.., οὐχ ὅ. ἀδικοῦντες, ἀλλ' οὐδ' ἐπιδημοῦντες ἐφυγαδευόμεθα Id.HG2.4.14
;οὐχ ὅ. τῆς κοινῆς ἐλευθερίας μετέχομεν, ἀλλ' οὐδὲ δουλείας μετρίας τυχεῖν ἠξιώθημεν Isoc.14.5
;διμοιρίαν λαμβάνων ἐν ταῖς θοίναις οὐχ ὅπως ἀμφοτέραις ἐχρῆτο, ἀλλὰ διαπέμπων οὐδετέραν αὑτῷ κατέλειπε X.Ages.5.1
;οὐχ ὅ. ζημιοῦν, ἀλλὰ μηδ' ἀτιμάζειν.. Th.3.42
: so sts. μὴ ὅ. (where an imper. must be supplied), μὴ ὅ. ὀρχεῖσθαι ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ὀρθοῦσθαι ἐδύνασθε do not think that you could dance = so far from being able to dance, X.Cyr.1.3.10.b οὐχ ὅ. rarely follows another clause, to say nothing of.., let alone..,πεπαύμεθ' ἡμεῖς, οὐχ ὅ. σε παύσομεν S.El. 796
; μηδ' ἐμπίδα, οὐχ ὅπως ταῦρον ἔτι ἄρασθαι δυνάμενος.. let alone a bull, Luc.Cont.8, cf. Prom.8, Pr.Im.7, Pisc. 31.1 with ind.,aἔσπετε νῦν μοι ὅππως δὴ.. πῦρ ἔμπεσε νηυσίν Il.16.113
;εἴπ' ἄγε μ'.. ὅππως τούσδ' ἵππους λάβετον 10.545
;εὖ μοι κατάλεξον ὅπως ἤντησας Od.3.97
;ὅπως ἠφανίσθη οὐδὲ λόγῳ εἰκότι δύνανται ἀποφαίνειν Antipho 5.26
;Ἀλκιβιάδης ἀνήχθη.. ἐπὶ κατασκοπὴν.. τοῦ οἴκαδε κατάπλου ὅπως ἡ πόλις πρὸς αὐτὸν ἔχοι X.HG1.4.11
; , etc.b notably [tense] fut. after Verbs of deliberation (like the subj., v. infr. 2), ; φράζευ ὅπως Δαναοῖσιν ἀλεξήσεις κακὸν ἦμαρ (v.l. ἀλεξήσῃς) 9.251, cf. Od.13.376, 386, 19.557, 20.29,39.2 with deliberative subj. after Verbs of deliberation, taking care, and the like ,λεύσσει ὅπως ὄχ' ἄριστα.. γένηται Il.3.110
; ἐνόησεν (gnomic [tense] aor.)ὅππως κέρδος ἔῃ 10.225
;ἀλλ' ἄγεθ' ἡμεῖς οἵδε περιφραζώμεθα πάντες νόστον ὅπως ἔλθῃσι Od.1.77
, cf. 13.365 ;οὐκ οἶδ' ὅπως.. φῶ S.OT 1367
, cf. Aj. 428, Lys.8.5, Pl.Men. 91d ;ἐπιμελητέον ὅπως τρέφωνται οἱ ἵπποι X.Eq.Mag.1.3
, cf. Oec.7.36,37,9.14, 15.1, Pl.Grg. 515c.—Sts. the [tense] fut. and subj. are conjoined without difference of meaning,ἐπράττετο γὰρ.., πρῶτον μὲν ὅπως μὴ περιμείνητε.., δεύτερον δὲ ὅπως ψηφιε̄σθε.., τρίτον δὲ ὅπως μὴ ἔσται Aeschin.3.65
, cf. X. Ages.7.7, Mem.2.2.10.—On ὅπως ἄν (κεν), v. infr. 5.3 with opt. after tenses of past time, τῶν ἀδῄλων ὅπως ἀποβήσοιτο ib.1.3.2, etc.: after Verbs of deliberation, being virtually orat. obliq., μερμήριξε.. Ἥρη ὅπως ἐξαπάφοιτο (orat. rect. πῶς ἐξαπάφωμαι;) Il.14.160 ;μερμήριζεν ὅπως ἀπολοίατο πᾶσαι νῆες Od.9.554
, cf. 420 ;οὐ γὰρ εἴχομεν.. ὅπως δρῶντες καλῶς πράξαιμεν S.Ant. 271
; , cf. 13.32, X.Cyr.6.2.11.4 with opt. and ἄν freq. expressing a wish, which in orat. rect. would be expressed byπῶς ἄν, σκόπει ὅ. ἂν ἀποθάνοιμεν ἀνδρικώτατα Ar.Eq.81
(v.l. ἀποθάνωμεν), cf. Nu. 760 ;βουλευόμενοι ὅ. ἂν τὴν ἡγεμονίαν λάβοιεν τῆς Ἑλλάδος X.HG7.1.33
, cf. Cyr.2.1.4 ; τῶν ἄλλων ἐπιμελεῖται ὅ. ἂν θηρῷεν (v.l. -ῶσιν) ib.1.2.10: the opt. with ἄν and subj. sts. appear in consecutive clauses, Id.HG3.2.1.5 ὅπως ἄν (κεν) with the subj. is used after imper. or inf. used as imper., ;φράζεσθαι.., ὅππως κε μνηστῆρας.. κτείνῃς 1.295
;σκοπεῖτε.., ὅ. ἂν ὑμῖν πρᾶγος εὖ νικᾷ τόδε A.Supp. 233
, etc.;φύλασσε.. ἔπειθ' ὅ. ἂν.. ἡ χάρις.. ἐξ ἁπλῆς διπλῆ φανῇ S.Tr. 618
, cf. E.IA 539 : in Prose,ἐπιμεληθῆναι ὅ. ἂν.. X.Cyr.8.3.6
, cf. Pl.Prt. 326a;μηχανᾶσθαι Id.Phdr. 239b
, Grg. 481a, cf. Ar.Eq. 917.6 rarely c. inf.,ἐπιμελήθητε προθύμως ὅπως διπλάσια.. σῖτα καὶ ποτὰ παρασκευασθῆναι X.Cyr.4.2.37
(v.l. -εσκευασμένα ᾖ), cf. Oec.7.29, HG6.2.32; so later ὅπως παρακολουθῆμεν ([dialect] Dor. inf.) Supp.Epigr.1.170.18 (cf. p.138, Delph., ii B. C.); ὅπως.. ἔχειν, ὅπως.. εἴργεσθαι, D.S.20.4,85;ὅπως πέμπιν PTeb.315.30
(ii A. D.).7 after Verbs of fear and caution, ὅπως and ὅπως μή are used with [tense] fut. ind. or [tense] aor. subj. :— the readings are freq. uncertain: the following (among others) are made certain either by the metre or the form,a with [tense] fut. ind.,δέδοιχ' ὅπως μὴ τεύξομαι Ar.Eq. 112
;παντὶ λόγῳ ἀντιτείνετε εὐλαβούμενοι ὅπως μὴ.. οἰχήσομαι Pl.Phd. 91c
;φόβος.. ἔστιν.. ὅπως μὴ αὖθις διασχισθησόμεθα Id.Smp. 193a
: sts. the preceding Verb is omitted,ὅπως μὴ οὐκ.. ἔσομαι Id.Men. 77a
.b with [tense] aor. subj.,τὴν θεὸν δ' ὅ. λάθω δέδοικα E.IT 995
;φυλάττου, ὅ. μὴ εἰς τοὐναντίον ἔλθῃς X.Mem.3.6.16
: rarely with [tense] pres.,οὐ φοβεῖ ὅ. μὴ ἀνόσιον πρᾶγμα τυγχάνῃς πράττων Pl.Euthphr.4e
: sts. the preceding Verb is omitted, with [tense] aor. subj.,ὅκως μή τι ὑμῖν πανώλεθρον κακὸν ἐς τὴν χώρην ἐσβάλωσι Hdt.6.85
: with [tense] pres. subj.,ὅπως μὴ.. ᾖ τοῦτο Pl.Cra. 430d
.c with opt. representing subj. after a historical tense, X. Mem.2.9.3.8 this Constr. is used in admonitions or commands: in the orig. Constr. a Verb implying caution or circumspection precedes,ὅρα ὅκως μή σευ ἀποστήσονται Πέρσαι Hdt.3.36
;ἄθρει.. ὅπως μὴ ἐκδύσεται Ar.V. 141
; τηρώμεσθ' ὅπως μὴ.. αἰσθήσεται ib. 372 : but this came to be omitted, and ὅπως or ὅπως μή with [tense] fut. ind. or [tense] aor. subj. are exactly = the imper.,ἔμβα χὤπως ἀρεῖς Id.Ra. 378
(lyr.): most freq. with [tense] fut. ind., ὅκως λόγον δώσεις τῶν μετεχείρισας χρημάτων, = δίδου λόγον, Hdt.3.142 ; ὅπως παρέσει μοι, = πάρισθι, Ar.Av. 131 ;ὅπως πετήσει Id. Pax77
, cf. X.An.1.7.3, Lys.1.21, 12.50, Pl.Grg. 489a, etc.: rarely with I pers.,ὁποῖα κισσὸς δρυός, ὅπως τῆσδ' ἕξομαι E.Hec. 398
, cf. Ar.Ec. 297 (lyr.): very rarely with [tense] aor. subj.,ὅπως μή τι ἡμᾶς σφήλῃ Pl.Euthd. 296a
codd.;ὅπως μὴ.. ἐξαπατήσῃ Id.Prt. 313c
;ὅπως μὴ ποιήσητε D.4.20
codd.—The codd. freq. vary, as between διδάξεις and ; τιμωρήσονται and- ωνται Th.1.56
; πράξομεν and - ωμεν ib.82 ; θορυβήσει and- σῃ D.13.14
, etc.—Since the [tense] fut. is frequently, and the [tense] aor. (whether 1 or 2) rarely guaranteed by metre or form, the [tense] aor. 1 forms shd. prob. be rejected, both in signf. 7 and 8, in cases where codd. vary.9 as the echo to a preceding πῶς; in dialogue, A καὶ πῶς; B ὅπως; [do you ask] how? Ar. Eq. 128; A πῶς με χρὴ καλεῖν; B ὅπως; Id.Nu. 677, cf. Pl. 139.IV in direct questions, how? ἔπραξας ὅπως; Jul.Ep.82p.106B.-C.; cf. ὅστις.V indef., anyhow, τὸ οὐδ' ὅ. the expression 'not at all', Pl.Tht. 183b (v.l. οὐδ' οὕτως).B FINAL CONJUNCTION, that, in order that, the original notion of modality being merged in that of purpose or design, cf. ἵνα, with which it is sts. interchanged, Antipho 1.23 and 24, And.3.14, Lycurg. 119 sq.:—in early [dialect] Att. Inscrr. only ὅπως ἄν is used, IG12.39.19, al. ; ὅπως without ἄν only once in cent. iv B. C., ib.22.226.42 (343 B.C.), after which it becomes gradually prevalent:1 with subj.,a after primary tenses, or after subj. or imper.,τὸν δὲ μνηστῆρες.. λοχῶσιν, ὅπως ἀπὸ φῦλον ὄληται Od.14.181
, cf. A.Ch. 873, S.Ph. 238, El. 457, X.Mem.2.10.2, etc.b after historical tenses (v.ἵνα B. 1.1b
), when there is no [tense] pf. form, or when the [tense] aor. represents the [tense] pf., ξυνελέγημεν ἐνθάδε, ὅ. προμελετήσωμεν we were convened, i. e. we have met in assembly, Ar.Ec. 117 ;παρήλθομεν.., ὅπως μὴ χεῖρον βουλεύσησθε Th.1.73
; also when the occurrence purposed is regarded from the point of view of the person purposing, ἦλθον πρεσβευσόμενοι, ὅπως μὴ σφίσι.. τὸ αὐτῶν [ναυτικὸν] ἐμπόδιον γένηται ib.31, cf. 57,65, etc.: sts. the opt. and subj. appear in consecutive clauses,φρυκτοὺς παρεσκευασμένους ἐς αὐτὸ τοῦτο, ὅπως ἀσαφῆ τὰ σημεῖα.. ᾖ καὶ μὴ βοηθοῖεν Id.3.22
, cf. 6.96, 7.17.2 with opt. after historical tenses,πὰρ δέ οἱ αὐτὸς ἔστη, ὅπως.. κῆρας ἀλάλκοι Il.21.548
; more freq. in Od., as 13.319, 14.312, 18.160, 22.472; so in S.OT 1005, OC 1305, X.Cyr.1.4.25, Pl.Ti. 77e, etc.: after historical [tense] pres.,πέμπει τούσδ' ὅπως κτείνοιεν A.Pers. 450
;ἡγεμόνα πέμπει ὅπως ἄγοι X.An.4.7.19
: after opt.,ἔλθοι.. ὅ. γένοιτο A.Eu. 297
, cf. S.Aj. 1221 (lyr.).3 with ind.,a of historical tenses, where the principal clause expresses an action or obligation unfulfilled,εἴθ' εἶχε φωνὴν ἔμφρον' ἀγγέλου δίκην, ὅ. δίφροντις οὖσα μὴ 'κινυσσόμην A.Ch. 196
, cf. S.El. 1134: rare in Prose,ἐδεξάμην ἃν.. φράσαι πρὸς ὑμᾶς.., ὅ... προῄδετε And.2.21
; τίς οὐκ ἂν.. ταῦτα ἐδήλωσεν, ὅ... ταῦτα ἠλέγχθη; D.36.20;οὐκοῦν ἐχρῆν σε Πηγάσου ζεῦξαι πτερόν, ὅ. ἐφαίνου τοῖς θεοῖς τραγικώτερος Ar. Pax 135
; τί.. οὐκ ἔρριψ' ἐμαυτὴν.. ὅ. ἀπηλλάγην; A.Pr. 749.b of [tense] fut., θέλγει, ὅ. Ἰθάκης ἐπιλήσεται (= φραζομένη ὅπως ἐ.) Od.1.57, cf. Il.1.136 ;[χρὴ] ἀναβιβάζειν ἐπὶ τὸν τροχὸν τοὺς ἀπογραφέντας, ὅ. μὴ πρότερον νὺξ ἔσται And.1.43
;ἐμισθώσατο τοῦτον.., ὅ. συνερεῖ D.19.316
: sts. [tense] fut. ind. and [tense] aor. subj. are conjoined,σιγᾶθ', ὅ. μὴ πεύσεταί τις, ὦ τέκνα, γλώσσης χάριν δὲ πάντ' ἀπαγγείλῃ τάδε A. Ch. 265
.II ὅπως c. subj. is sts. used after Verbs of will and endeavour, instead of the inf.,λίσσεσθαι.. ὅ. νημερτέα εἴπῃ Od.3.19
;αἰτεῖσθαι ὅ. μὴ καταψηφίσησθε Antipho 1.12
; δεήσεται.., ὅ. δίκην μὴ δῷ ib.23 ;ὅ. μὴ ἀποθάνῃ ἠντεβόλει Lys.1.29
; παρακελεύεσθε ὑμῖναὐτοῖς ὅ... ἐξίητε Lycurg.127
( ἔξιτε Rehdantz): withἄν, δεῖταί μου σφόδρα ὅπως ἂν οἰκουρῇ Ar.Ach. 1060
, cf. Hdt.2.126, 3.44 ;διεκελεύετο ὅπως ἂν.. ἐγγράφωσί με Is.7.27
; so δεῖ σ' ὅ. δείξεις (for δεῖξαι), S.Aj. 556, may be expld. as ellipsis for δεῖ σ' ὁρᾶν (σκοπεῖν) ὅπως, cf. Id.Ph.55 ;δεῖ σ' ὅπως.. μηδὲν διοίσεις.. Cratin.108
. -
7 ἄβδελλον
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: ταπεινόν H.Other forms: Hesychius also has ἄβελλον with the same meaning; Latte rejects it as a corruption of the other form, which is unnecessary.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Fur. 167. If βδ\/β is real, it is a Pre-Greek word, which is probable anyhow for the form with βδ.Page in Frisk: --Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄβδελλον
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8 ἀγερρακάβος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: σταφυλή H.Other forms: ἀγγεράκομον σταφυλήν H. ; ἀγράκαβος σταφυλή Η.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Latte rejects two of these forms (how to decide which?), as does Fur. 221. I think this is not allowed. The word is anyhow Pre-Greek, like many words concerning wine (e.g. ἀρασχάδες); note the element - αβ-. The - ε- is a prop vowel, Fur. 378ff. (thus these forms are real forms); variation α\/ο and β\/μ are well known (thus these are not mistakes); the γγ may be prenasalization, one of the clearest characteristics of Pre-Greek words (thus the form is real).Page in Frisk: --Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀγερρακάβος
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9 ἀθραγένη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: a plant, `Clematis vitalba' (Thphr.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Frisk compares ἄθρας, which would fit "zu einem Schlinggewächs", but I don't see what a car has to do with it. See Strömberg Pflanzennamen 108. Fur. 288 compares ἀνδράχνη and concludes to substr. origin (prenasalization), which is anyhow prob.Page in Frisk: 1,28Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀθραγένη
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10 ἀκόνῑτον
ἀκόνῑτονGrammatical information: n.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: By the ancients derived from ἀκονιτί `without dust', i.e. without struggle \/ fight ( ἀκόνιτος Q. S.), i.e. `invincible', because of its deadly effect. Semantically improbable. Cf. Jüthner Glotta 29, 73ff., Strömberg Pflanzennamen 150 A. 1. - Wrong Lagercrantz Eranos 35, 35f. S. also Kretschmer REIE 1, 171ff. - Fur. 121 connects κονή, κῶνος. A substr. word is anyhow prob.Page in Frisk: 1,55Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀκόνῑτον
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11 ἀμάρᾰκον
ἀμάρᾰκον (-ᾱρ-)Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `Origanum Majorana, marjoram' (Pherekr.).Other forms: - ος m.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: The long ᾱ in Ionic-Attic points to recent origin. Compared with ἀβαρύ ὀρίγανον \< τὸ ἐν\> Μακεδονίᾳ H. If this is accepted, the variation β\/μ points to a Greek substr. word, which is anyhow probable. Connection with Skt. maruva(ka)- `id.' is then wrong. Further connections Bertoldi Riv. fil. class. 60, 338ff., but also Belardi, Rend. Acc. Lincei 8: 10 (1955) 317 n. 3. See Fur. 210f. who further compares βᾶρος\/ν `kind of spice'. (Wrong Kalléris 75: to βαρύς.) - From Greek Lat. amaracum, -us, MLat. maioracus, maiorana, from where come the modern forms.Page in Frisk: 1,86Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμάρᾰκον
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12 ἀμᾱρᾰκον
ἀμάρᾰκον (-ᾱρ-)Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `Origanum Majorana, marjoram' (Pherekr.).Other forms: - ος m.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: The long ᾱ in Ionic-Attic points to recent origin. Compared with ἀβαρύ ὀρίγανον \< τὸ ἐν\> Μακεδονίᾳ H. If this is accepted, the variation β\/μ points to a Greek substr. word, which is anyhow probable. Connection with Skt. maruva(ka)- `id.' is then wrong. Further connections Bertoldi Riv. fil. class. 60, 338ff., but also Belardi, Rend. Acc. Lincei 8: 10 (1955) 317 n. 3. See Fur. 210f. who further compares βᾶρος\/ν `kind of spice'. (Wrong Kalléris 75: to βαρύς.) - From Greek Lat. amaracum, -us, MLat. maioracus, maiorana, from where come the modern forms.Page in Frisk: 1,86Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμᾱρᾰκον
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13 ἀμαυρός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `hardly seen, dim, faint' (Od.); on the meaning McKinley Ant. class. 26 (1957) 12-39, Neugebauer ib. 27, 1968, 373f.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: It is assumed that μαυρόομαι arose through loss of the initial vowel (see the material in Strömberg Wortstudien 44f.). It could also be a prothetic vowel vs. its absence, as a substr. phenomenon; substr. origin is prob. anyhow as the word has no etym. (Scythian LW [loanword] acc. to Puhvel, Studies Whatmough, 1957, 237: maurva-)Page in Frisk: 1,88Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμαυρός
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14 ἀνδράχνη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: plant name, `Portulaca oleracea', also `Sedum stellatum' (Thphr.)Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Unexplained. Fur. 288 compares ἀθραγένη, which is formally quite acceptable, i.e. a(n)TraK(e)n\/l-, with aspiration metathesis (393) and n\/l (388), the usual nasalization, and anaptyxis (of ε). Substr. origin is anyhow prob.Page in Frisk: 1,105Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀνδράχνη
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15 ἄρα
ἄρα, ἄρ, enclit. ῥα, with elision ῥ'Grammatical information: adv.Meaning: `of course, then, so' (Il.).Etymology: On the use Schwyzer-Debrunner 558f, in Homer Grimm, Glotta 40, 1962, 3-41. To Lith. ir̃, Latv. ìr `and; also, even' from PIE *r̥; with full grade Lith. ar̃, Latv. ar question particle. The full grades require a laryngeal (which is anyhow needed before r); Cypr. ἔρ(α) can be * h₁er, Lith. ar̃ \< * h₁or, but *h₁r̥ would have given *ερα, not αρα; either some forms are analogical, or the rule about the root structure does not work here. S. also Hoenigswald Lang. 29, 288ff. (Connection with ἀραρίσκω, ἄρτι is indemonstrable, and would require * h₂r. Improbable Ruijgh, Lingua 25, 1970, 313: to ἄριστος) - On final -α Schwyzer 622f.Page in Frisk: 1,127---------------------------------ῥαOther forms: before vowel ῥ',See also: s. ἄρα.Page in Frisk: 2,636Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄρα
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16 ἄρ
ἄρα, ἄρ, enclit. ῥα, with elision ῥ'Grammatical information: adv.Meaning: `of course, then, so' (Il.).Etymology: On the use Schwyzer-Debrunner 558f, in Homer Grimm, Glotta 40, 1962, 3-41. To Lith. ir̃, Latv. ìr `and; also, even' from PIE *r̥; with full grade Lith. ar̃, Latv. ar question particle. The full grades require a laryngeal (which is anyhow needed before r); Cypr. ἔρ(α) can be * h₁er, Lith. ar̃ \< * h₁or, but *h₁r̥ would have given *ερα, not αρα; either some forms are analogical, or the rule about the root structure does not work here. S. also Hoenigswald Lang. 29, 288ff. (Connection with ἀραρίσκω, ἄρτι is indemonstrable, and would require * h₂r. Improbable Ruijgh, Lingua 25, 1970, 313: to ἄριστος) - On final -α Schwyzer 622f.Page in Frisk: 1,127---------------------------------ῥαOther forms: before vowel ῥ',See also: s. ἄρα.Page in Frisk: 2,636Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄρ
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17 ῥα
ἄρα, ἄρ, enclit. ῥα, with elision ῥ'Grammatical information: adv.Meaning: `of course, then, so' (Il.).Etymology: On the use Schwyzer-Debrunner 558f, in Homer Grimm, Glotta 40, 1962, 3-41. To Lith. ir̃, Latv. ìr `and; also, even' from PIE *r̥; with full grade Lith. ar̃, Latv. ar question particle. The full grades require a laryngeal (which is anyhow needed before r); Cypr. ἔρ(α) can be * h₁er, Lith. ar̃ \< * h₁or, but *h₁r̥ would have given *ερα, not αρα; either some forms are analogical, or the rule about the root structure does not work here. S. also Hoenigswald Lang. 29, 288ff. (Connection with ἀραρίσκω, ἄρτι is indemonstrable, and would require * h₂r. Improbable Ruijgh, Lingua 25, 1970, 313: to ἄριστος) - On final -α Schwyzer 622f.Page in Frisk: 1,127---------------------------------ῥαOther forms: before vowel ῥ',See also: s. ἄρα.Page in Frisk: 2,636Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥα
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18 ῥ
ἄρα, ἄρ, enclit. ῥα, with elision ῥ'Grammatical information: adv.Meaning: `of course, then, so' (Il.).Etymology: On the use Schwyzer-Debrunner 558f, in Homer Grimm, Glotta 40, 1962, 3-41. To Lith. ir̃, Latv. ìr `and; also, even' from PIE *r̥; with full grade Lith. ar̃, Latv. ar question particle. The full grades require a laryngeal (which is anyhow needed before r); Cypr. ἔρ(α) can be * h₁er, Lith. ar̃ \< * h₁or, but *h₁r̥ would have given *ερα, not αρα; either some forms are analogical, or the rule about the root structure does not work here. S. also Hoenigswald Lang. 29, 288ff. (Connection with ἀραρίσκω, ἄρτι is indemonstrable, and would require * h₂r. Improbable Ruijgh, Lingua 25, 1970, 313: to ἄριστος) - On final -α Schwyzer 622f.Page in Frisk: 1,127---------------------------------ῥαOther forms: before vowel ῥ',See also: s. ἄρα.Page in Frisk: 2,636Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥ
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19 ἀρι-δείκετος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `most famous' (Il.)Origin: IE [Indo-European] [188] *deiḱ- `show'Etymology: Formerly connected with δηδέχαται (with metrical lengthening for *ἀρι- δέκετος; Schulze Q. 242), but this form is now seen as a form of δείκνυμι, so that ἀριδείκετος must also, as seemed obvious anyhow, derive from this verb \/ root.Page in Frisk: 1,138-139Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀρι-δείκετος
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20 ἀφάρκη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: name of an evergreen tree, `Arbutus hybrida' (Thphr.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Improbable theory by Strömberg Wortstudien 27ff. (to ἄρκυς with ἀπο-), s. Frisk. Unclear ἀφαρκίδευτον ἀγρευτόν, ἀθυσίαστον H. s. Chantr. Fur. 175 refers to Schwyzer 530, who compares Thess. Φαρκαδών, which would give a prothetic vowel; a substr. word is anyhow probable.Page in Frisk: 1,194Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀφάρκη
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См. также в других словарях:
Anyhow — A ny*how , adv. In any way or manner whatever; at any rate; in any event. [1913 Webster] Anyhow, it must be acknowledged to be not a simple selforiginated error. J. H. Newman. [1913 Webster] Anyhow, the languages of the two nations were closely… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
anyhow — index regardless Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
anyhow — (adv.) 1740, from ANY (Cf. any) + HOW (Cf. how) (adv.). Unlike the cases of most other any + (interrogative) compounds, there is no record of it in Old or Middle English. Emphatic form any old how is recorded from 1900, American English … Etymology dictionary
anyhow — [adv] by any means about, anyway, any which way, around, at any rate, at random, haphazard, haphazardly, helter skelter, however, in any case, in any respect, in any way, in either way, in one way or another, in whatever way, nevertheless, random … New thesaurus
anyhow — ► ADVERB 1) anyway. 2) in a careless or haphazard way … English terms dictionary
anyhow — [ən′ēhou΄] adv. 1. no matter in what way 2. no matter what else may be true; in any case 3. in a careless way; haphazardly … English World dictionary
anyhow — an|y|how [ eni,hau ] adverb * Anyhow can be used in the following ways: as a way of showing how a sentence is related to what has already been said: I m not going to resign. Not yet, anyhow. as an ordinary adverb: Don t just stick pictures on the … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
anyhow */ — UK [ˈenɪˌhaʊ] / US adverb Summary: Anyhow can be used in the following ways: as a way of showing how a sentence is related to what has already been said: I m not going to resign. Not yet, anyhow. as an ordinary adverb: Don t just stick pictures… … English dictionary
anyhow — adverb / enihAU/ 1 (sentence adverb) especially spoken used to say that someone does something or something happens in spite of something else: It was felt that the scandal would damage her reputation but the press reported it anyhow. 2 in a… … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
anyhow — an|y|how S3 [ˈenihau] adv 1.) [sentence adverb] informal ↑anyway ▪ The scandal could damage her reputation but the press reported it anyhow. ▪ I ve never been to a circus, not recently anyhow. 2.) in a careless or untidy way ▪ The cupboard would… … Dictionary of contemporary English
anyhow — [[t]e̱nihaʊ[/t]] 1) ADV Anyhow means the same as anyway. 2) ADV: ADV after v If you do something anyhow, you do it in a careless or untidy way. ...her long legs which she displayed all anyhow getting in and out of her car … English dictionary