any+one+alone

stătŭo, ui, utum, 3, v. a. [statum, sup. of sto], to cause to stand (cf.: colloco, pono).

Corporeally.

To cause to stand, set up, set, station, fix in an upright position.

To set up, set in the ground, erect:

ibi arbores pedicino in lapide statuito,

Cato, R. R. 18:

inter parietes arbores ubi statues,

id. ib.:

stipites statuito,

id. ib.:

palis statutis crebris,

Varr. R. R. 1, 14 init.:

pedamenta jacentia statuenda,

are to be raised, Col. 4, 26:

pedamentum inter duas vitis,

Plin. 17, 22, 21, § 194:

hic statui volo primum aquilam,

the standard of the troops, Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 7:

signifer, statue signum,

plant the ensign, Liv. 5, 55, 1; Val. Max. 1, 5, 1.—

To plant (rare):

eodem modo vineam statuito, alligato, flexatoque uti fuerit,

Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 198:

agro qui statuit meo Te, triste lignum (i. e. arborem),

Hor. C. 2, 13, 10.—

In gen., to place, set or fix, set up, set forth things or persons.

Without specifying the place:

ollam statuito cum aqua,

let a jar stand with water, Cato, R. R. 156 (157):

crateras magnos statuunt, i. e. on the table,

Verg. A. 1, 724; so,

crateras laeti statuunt,

id. ib. 7, 147: haec carina satis probe fundata et bene statuta est, well placed, i. e. so that the hull stands perpendicularly (cf.:

bene lineatam carinam collocavit, v. 42),

Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 44:

nec quidquam explicare, nec statuere potuerant, nec quod statutum esset, manebat, omnia perscindente vento,

Liv. 21, 58, 7:

eo die tabernacula statui passus non est,

to pitch, Caes. B. C. 1, 81; so, aciem statuere, to draw up an army:

aciem quam arte statuerat, latius porrigit,

Sall. J. 52, 6.—

With designation of the place by in and abl.; by adv. of place; by ante, apud, ad, circa, super, and acc.; by pro and abl.; by abl. alone (very rare), or by in and acc. (very rare): signa domi pro supellectile statuere, Cato ap. Prisc. 7, 19, 95 (p. 782 P.):

statuite hic lectulos,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 7:

etiamsi in caelo Capitolium statueretur,

Cic. Or. 3, 46, 180:

statuitur Sollius in illo gladiatorum convivio... atuitur, ut dico, eques Romanus in Apronii convivio,

is taken to the banquet, id. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 61 sq.:

tabernacula in foro statuere,

Liv. 39, 46, 3:

in principiis statuit tabernaculum,

Nep. Eum. 7, 1:

in nostris castris tibi tabernaculum statue,

Curt. 5, 11, 6; 8, 13, 20:

statui in medium undique conspicuum tabernaculum jussit,

id. 9, 6, 1:

(sagittae) longae, nisi prius in terra statuerent arcum, haud satis apte imponuntur,

id. 8, 14, 19:

sedes curules sacerdotum Augustalium locis, superque eas querceae coronae statuerentur,

Tac. A. 2, 83:

donum deae apud Antium statuitur,

id. ib. 3, 71:

pro rigidis calamos columnis,

Ov. F. 3, 529:

jamque ratem Scythicis auster statuisset in oris,

Val. Fl. 3, 653:

statuere vas in loco frigido,

Pall. Oct. 22.—Of living beings:

capite in terram statuerem, Ut cerebro dispergat viam,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 18:

qui capite ipse sua in statuit vestigia sese (= qui sese ipse capite in sua vestigia statuit),

i. e. stands on his head, Lucr. 4, 472:

patrem ejus a mortuis excitasses, statuisses ante oculos,

Cic. Or. 1, 57, 245:

captivos vinctos in medio statuit,

Liv. 21, 42, 1:

ubi primum equus Curtium in vado statuit,

id. 1, 13, 5:

quattuor cohortes in fronte statuit,

id. 28, 33, 12:

ante se statuit funditores,

id. 42, 58, 10:

puerum ad canendum ante tibicinem cum statuisset,

id. 7, 2, 9:

procul in conspectu eum (Philopoemenem) statuerunt,

id. 39, 49, 11:

media porta robora legionum, duabus circa portis milites levemque armaturam statuit,

id. 23, 16, 8:

bovem ad fanum Dianae et ante aram statuit,

id. 1, 45, 6:

cum Calchanta circa aram statuisset,

Val. Max. 8, 11, ext. 6:

marium si qui eo loci statuisset,

id. 3, 1, 2 fin.:

adulescentes ante Caesarem statuunt,

Tac. A. 4, 8:

in fronte statuerat ferratos, in cornibus cohortes,

id. ib. 3, 45:

puer quis Ad cyathum statuetur?

Hor. C. 1, 29, 8:

tu cum pro vitula statuis dulcem Aulide natam Ante aras,

id. S. 2, 3, 199:

et statuam ante aras aurata fronte juvencum,

Verg. A. 9, 627:

clara regione profundi Aetheros innumeri statuerunt agmina cygni,

Stat. Th. 3, 525.—

Pregn., to construct and place, to set up after constructing, to erect, make.

Of statues, temples, columns, altars, trophies, etc.; constr. with acc. alone, or acc. of the structure and dat. of the person for whom or in whose honor it is erected:

siquidem mihi aram et statuam statuis,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 122:

huic statuam statui decet ex auro,

id. Bacch. 4, 4, 1:

ne ego aurea pro statua vineam tibi statuam,

id. Curc. 1, 2, 52:

eique statuam equestrem in rostris statui placere,

Cic. Phil. 5, 15, 41; so id. ib. 9, 5, 10; 9, 7, 16; id. Verr. 2, 2, 62, § 151; 2, 2, 20, § 48; so,

simulacrum alicui statuere,

Val. Max. 1, 1, 8:

effigiem,

Verg. A. 2, 184:

Mancinus eo habitu sibi statuit quo, etc. (effigiem),

Plin. 34, 5, 10, § 18:

simulacrum in curia,

Tac. A. 14, 12:

quanam in civitate tempium statueretur,

id. ib. 4, 55:

se primos templum urbis Romae statuisse,

id. ib. 4, 56; so id. ib. 4, 15:

nec tibi de Pario statuam, Germanice, templum,

Ov. P. 4, 8, 31:

templa tibi statuam, tribuam tibi turis honorem,

id. M. 14, 128:

super terrae tumulum noluit quid statui nisi columellam,

Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66:

victimas atque aras diis Manibus statuentes,

Tac. A. 3, 2:

statuitque aras e cespite,

Ov. M. 7, 240:

statuantur arae,

Sen. Med. 579:

aeneum statuerunt tropaeum,

Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 69:

monumentum,

id. ib. § 70; so,

in alio orbe tropaea statuere,

Curt. 7, 7, 14;

so,

Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 18: ut illum di perdant qui primus statuit hic solarium, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Gell. 3, 3, 5:

princeps Romanis solarium horologium statuisse L. Papirius Cursor proditur,

Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 213:

a miliario in capite Romani fori statuto,

id. 3, 5, 9, § 66:

carceres eo anno in Circo primum statuti,

Liv. 8, 20, 1:

quo molem hanc immanis equi statuere?

Verg. A. 2, 150:

multo altiorem statui crucem jussit,

Suet. Galb. 9:

obeliscam,

Plin. 36, 9, 14, § 71:

at nunc disturba quas statuisti machinas,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 137:

incensis operibus quae statuerat,

Nep. Milt. 7, 4:

si vallum statuitur procul urbis illecebris,

Tac. A. 4, 2:

castra in quinto lapide a Carthagine statuit,

Just. 22, 6, 9.—

Poet. and in post-class. prose (rare):

aliquem statuere = alicui statuam statuere: inter et Aegidas media statuaris in urbe,

Ov. H. 2, 67:

statuarque tumulo hilaris et coronatus,

my statue will be erected, Tac. Dial. 13; so with two acc.: custodem medio statuit quam vilicus horto, whose statue he placed as protectress, etc., Mart. 3, 68, 9; cf.

in double sense: nudam te statuet, i. e. nudam faciet (= nudabit fortunis), and statuam tibi nu dam faciet,

Mart. 4, 28, 8.—

Of cities, etc., to establish, found, build (in class. prose usu. condo):

Agamemnon tres ibi urbes statuit,

Vell. 1, 1, 2:

urbem quam statuo vestra est,

Verg. A. 1, 573:

urbom praeclaram,

id. ib. 4, 655:

Persarum statuit Babylona Semiramis urbem,

Prop. 3, 11 (4, 10), 21:

ibi civitatem statuerunt,

Just. 23, 1; so,

licentia et impunitas asyla statuendi (= aperiendi),

Tac. A. 3, 60.—Hence, transf.: carmen statuere = carmen condere, to compose, devise a song:

nunc volucrum... inexpertum carmen, quod tacita statuere bruma,

Stat. S. 4, 5, 12.—

To cause to stand still, to stop (rare; cf.

sisto, III. B.): navem extemplo statuimus,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 57:

et statuit fessos, fessus et ipse, boves,

Prop. 4 (5), 9, 4:

famuli hoc modo statuerunt aquas,

Arn. 1, p. 30: sanguinem, Oct. Hor. 4.—

To cause to stand firm, strengthen, support (rare; = stabilire), only transf.: qui rem publicam certo animo adjuverit, statuerit, Att. ap. Cic. Sest. 56, 120 (Trag. Rel. v. 357 Rib.).

Trop.

To establish, constitute (= constituo).

Esp.: exemplum or documentum (v. edo fin., and cf. Sen. Phoen. 320), to set forth an example or precedent for warning or imitation:

statuite exemplum impudenti, date pudori praemium,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 6:

exemplum statuite in me ut adulescentuli Vobis placere studeant potius quam sibi,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 51; Auct. Her. 4, 35, 47:

ut illi intellegere possint, in quo homine statueris exemplum hujus modi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 45, § 111:

in quos aliquid exempli populus Romanus statui putat oportere,

id. ib. 2, 3, 90, §

210: statuam in te exemplum, ne quis posthac infelicibus miseriis patriae illudat,

Just. 8, 7, 14:

documentum autem statui oportere, si quis resipiscat et antiquam societatem respiciat,

Liv. 24, 45, 5: statueretur immo [p. 1753] documentum, quo uxorem imperator acciperet, a precedent, Tac. A. 12, 6.—

Jus statuere, to establish a principle or relation of law:

ut (majores nostri) omnia omnium rerum jura statuerint,

Cic. Caecin. 12, 34: qui magistratum potestatemve habebit, si quid in aliquem novi juris statuerit, ipse quoque, adversario postulante, eodem jure uti debebit, if he has established any new principle of law, Edict. Praet. in Dig. 2, 2, 1, § 1:

si quid injungere inferiori velis, id prius in te ac tuos si ipse juris statueris, facilius omnes oboedientes habeas,

if you first admit it against yourself, Liv. 26, 36, 3:

si dicemus in omnibus aequabile jus statui convenire,

equal principles of law should be applied to all, Auct. Her. 3, 3, 4. —

In gen., to establish by authority (of relations, institutions, rights, duties, etc.):

(Numa) omnis partis religionis statuit sanctissime,

Cic. Rep. 2, 14, 26:

hoc judicium sic exspectatur ut non unae rei statui, sed omnibus constitui putetur,

id. Tull. 15, 36:

ad formandos animos statuendasque vitae leges, Quint. prooem. 14: sic hujus (virtutis) ut caelestium statuta magnitudo est,

Sen. Ep. 79, 10:

vectigal etiam novum ex salaria annona statuerunt,

Liv. 29, 37, 2:

novos statuere fines,

id. 42, 24, 8:

neque eos quos statuit terminos observat,

id. 21, 44, 5:

quibus rebus cum pax statuta esset,

Just. 5, 10, 8; so id. 25, 1, 1:

sedesque ibi statuentibus,

id. 18, 5, 11.—

With double acc., to constitute, appoint, create:

Hirtius arbitrum me statuebat non modo hujus rei, sed totius consulatus sui,

Cic. Att. 14, 1, a, 2:

telluris erum natura nec illum, nec quemquam constituit,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 130:

de principatu (vinorum) se quisque judicem statuet,

Plin. 14, 6, 8, § 59:

praefectus his statuitur Andragoras,

Just. 21, 4, 5.—

To determine, fix, etc. (of temporal or local relations); constr. usually with acc. and dat. or acc. and gen.

Modum statuere alicui or alicujus rei, to determine the manner, mode, or measure of, assign limits, restrictions or restraints to a thing or person, to impose restraints upon.

With dat.:

diuturnitati imperii modum statuendum putavistis,

that a limit should be assigned to the duration of his power, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 26:

statui mihi tum modum et orationi meae,

imposed restraints upon myself and my words, id. Verr. 2, 5, 63, § 163:

non statuendo felicitati modum, nec cohibendo fortunam,

by not assigning any limits to his success, Liv. 30, 30, 23 (Pompeium) affirmabant, libertati publicae statuturum modum, Vell. 2, 40:

cupidinibus statuat natura modum,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 111:

quem modum sibi ipsa statuit (crudelitas)?

Val. Max. 9, 2 pr.:

modum ipsae res statuunt (i. e. sibi),

Plin. 28, 15, 61, § 216:

modum nuptiarum sumptibus statuerunt,

Just. 21, 4, 5:

timori quem meo statuam modum?

Sen. Thyest. 483;

and with finem: jam statui aerumnis modum et finem cladi,

id. Herc. Fur. 206. —

With gen.:

honestius te inimicitiarum modum statuere potuisse quam me humanitatis,

Cic. Sull. 17, 48:

ipse modum statuam carminis,

Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 44:

errorisque sui sic statuisse modum,

Prop. 3, 12 (4, 11), 36:

modum statuunt fellis pondere denarii,

they limit the quantity of the gall to the weight of a denarius, Plin. 28, 19, 77, § 254.—

Condicionem or legem alicui, to impose a condition or law upon one, to dictate, assign a condition to:

hanc tu condicionem statuis Gaditanis,

Cic. Balb. 10, 25:

providete ne duriorem vobis condicionem statuatis ordinique vestro quam ferre possit,

id. Rab. Post. 6, 15:

alter eam sibi legem statuerat ut, etc.,

id. Phil. 10, 6, 12: pretio statuta lege ne modum excederet, etc., the law being assigned to the price that not, etc., i. e. the price being limited by the law, etc., Plin. 33, 7, 40, § 118:

pacis legem universae Graeciae statuit,

Just. 9, 5, 2.—So with ellipsis of dat., to agree upon, stipulate:

statutis condicionibus,

Just. 6, 1, 3:

omnibus consentientibus Carthago conditur, statuto annuo vectigali pro solo urbis,

id. 18, 5, 14. —

Finem, to assign or put an end to, make an end of:

haud opinor commode Finem statuisse orationi militem,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 21:

et finem statuit cuppedinis atque timoris,

Lucr. 6, 25:

cum Fulvius Flaccus finem poenae eorum statuere cogeretur,

Val. Max. 3, 2, ext. 1: majores vestri omnium magnarum rerum et principia exorsi ab diis sunt, et finem statuerunt, finished, Liv. 45, 39, 10; so,

terminum: nam templis numquam statuetur terminus aevi,

Stat. S. 3, 1, 180:

cum consilii tui bene fortiterque suscepti eum tibi finem statueris, quem ipsa fortuna terminum nostrarum contentionum esse voluisset,

since you have assigned that end, Cic. Fam. 6, 22, 2.—

Pretium alicui rei, to assign a price to something; fix, determine the price of something:

quae probast mers, pretium ei statuit,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 132:

numquam avare pretium statui arti meae,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 48:

statuit frumento pretium,

Tac. A. 2, 87; so with dat. understood:

ut eos (obsides) pretio quantum ipsi statuissent patres redimi paterentur,

Liv. 45, 42, 7:

pretium statuit (i. e. vecturae et sali),

id. 45, 29, 13; so with in and acc.: ut in singulas amphoras (vini) centeni nummi statuantur, that the price may be set down at 100 sesterces for an amphora, Plin. 14, 4, 6, § 56.—

Statuere diem, horam, tempus, locum alicui rei, or alicui, or with dat. gerund., to assign or appoint a day, time, place, etc. (for the more usual diem dicere):

statutus est comitiis dies,

Liv. 24, 27, 1:

diem patrando facinori statuerat,

id. 35, 35, 15:

multitudini diem statuit ante quam sine fraude liceret ab armis discedere,

Sall. C. 36, 2:

dies insidiis statuitur,

id. J. 70, 3:

ad tempus locumque colloquio statuendum,

Liv. 28, 35, 4:

subverti leges quae sua spatia (= tempora) quaerendis aut potiundis honoribus statuerint,

Tac. A. 2, 36.—With ellipsis of dat.:

observans quem statuere diem,

Mart. 4, 54, 6:

noctem unam poscit: statuitur nox,

Tac. A. 13, 44.—Esp. in the part. statutus, fixed, appointed (in MSS. and edd. often confounded with status; v. sisto fin.):

institum ut quotannis... libri diebus statutis (statis) recitarentur,

Suet. Claud. 42:

ut die statuta omnes equos ante regiam producerent,

Just. 1, 10, 1:

quaedam (genera) statutum tempus anni habent,

Plin. 17, 18, 30, § 135:

fruges quoque maturitatem statuto tempore expectant,

Curt. 6, 3, 7:

sacrificium non esse redditum statuto tempore,

id. 8, 2, 6:

statuto tempore quo urbem Mithridati traderet,

Just. 16, 4, 9:

cum ad statutam horam omnes convenissent,

id. 1, 10, 8:

intra tempus statutum,

fixed by the law, Dig. 4, 4, 19 and 20.—

To recount, count up, state (very rare): statue sex et quinquaginta annos, quibus mox divus Augustus rempublicam rexit: adice Tiberii tres et viginti... centum et viginti anni colliguntur, count, fix the number at, Tac. Or. 17:

Cinyphiae segetis citius numerabis aristas... quam tibi nostrorum statuatur summa laborum,

Ov. P. 2, 7, 29.—

To decide, determine, with reference to a result, to settle, fix, bring about, choose, make a decision.

Of disputes, differences, questions, etc., between others.

With interrog.-clause:

ut statuatis hoc judicio utrum posthac amicitias clarorum virorum calamitati hominibus an ornamento esse malitis,

Cic. Balb. 28, 65:

eam potestatem habetis ut statuatis utrum nos... semper miseri lugeamus, an, etc.,

id. Mil. 2, 4:

in hoc homine statuatis, possitne senatoribus judicantibus homo nocentissim us pecuniosissimusque damnari,

id. Verr. 1, 16, 47:

vos statuite, recuperatores, utra (sententia) utilior esse videatur,

id. Caecin. 27, 77:

decidis tu statuisque quid iis ad denarium solveretur,

id. Quint. 4, 17:

magni esse judicis statuere quid quemque cuique praestare oporteret,

id. Off. 3, 17, 70:

mihi vero Pompeius statuisse videtur quid vos in judicando spectare oporteret,

id. Mil. 6, 15:

semel (senatus) statuerent quid donatum Masinissae vellent,

Liv. 42, 23:

nec quid faciendum modo sit statuunt, sed, etc.,

decide, dictate, id. 44, 22:

nondum statuerat conservaret eum necne,

Nep. Eum. 11, 2:

statutumque (est) quantum curules, quantum plebei pignoris caperent,

Tac. A. 13, 28: semel nobis esse statuendum quod consilium in illo sequamur, August. ap. Suet. Claud. 4. —

With de:

ut consules de Caesaris actis cognoscerent, statuerent, judicarent,

Cic. Att. 16, 16, B, 8:

et collegas suos de religione statuisse, in senatu de lege statuturos,

id. ib. 4, 2, 4:

ut de absente eo C. Licinius statueret ac judicaret,

Liv. 42, 22:

si de summa rerum liberum senatui permittat rex statuendi jus,

id. 42, 62: qui ab exercitu ab imperatore eove cui de ea re statuendi potestas fuerit, dimissus erit, Edict. Praet. in Dig. 3, 2, 1.—Often with reference to punishment:

cum de P. Lentulo ceterisque statuetis, pro certo habetote, vos simul de exercitu Catilinae decernere,

Sall. C. 52, 17:

satis visum de Vestilia statuere,

to pass sentence against, Tac. A. 2, 85:

jus statuendi de procuratoribus,

id. ib. 12, 54:

facta patribus potestate statuendi de Caeciliano,

id. ib. 6, 7; so id. ib. 13, 28; cf. id. ib. 15, 14; 2, 85; Suet. Tib. 61 fin. —In partic.: de se statuere, to decide on, or dispose of one's self, i. e. of one's life, = to commit suicide:

eorum qui de se statuebant humabantur corpora,

Tac. A. 6, 29.—

With de and abl. and interrog.-clause:

si quibusdam populis permittendum esse videatur ut statuant ipsi de suis rebus quo jure uti velint,

Cic. Balb. 8, 22.—

With contra:

consequeris tamen ut eos ipsos quos contra statuas aequos placatosque dimittas,

Cic. Or. 10, 34. —

With indef. obj., usu. a neutr. pron.:

utrum igitur hoc Graeci statuent... an nostri praetores?

Cic. Fl. 12, 27:

dixisti quippiam: fixum (i. e. id) et statutum est,

id. Mur. 30, 62:

eoque utrique quod statuit contenti sunt,

Caes. B. C. 1, 87:

senatus, ne quid absente rege statueret,

Liv. 39, 24, 13:

maturato opus est, quidquid statuere placet (senatui),

id. 8, 13, 17:

id ubi in P. Licinio ita statutum est,

id. 41, 15, 10:

interrogatus quid ipse victorem statuere debere censeret,

Curt. 8, 14, 43:

quid in futurum statuerim, aperiam,

Tac. A. 4, 37:

utque rata essent quae procuratores sui in judicando statuerent,

Suet. Claud. 12;

qul statuit aliquid parte inaudita altera, aequum licet statuerit, haud aequus fuit,

Sen. Med. 2, 199:

non ergo quod libet statuere arbiter potest,

Dig. 4, 8, 32, § 15; cf.:

earum rerum quas Caesar statuisset, decrevisset, egisset,

Cic. Att. 16, 16, C, 11.—

With de or super and abl.:

vos de crudelissimis parricidis quid statuatis cunctamini?

Sall. C. 52, 31:

nihil super ea re nisi ex voluntate filii statuere,

Suet. Tib. 13:

ne quid super tanta re absente principe statueretur,

Tac. H. 4, 9.—

Absol., mostly pass. impers.:

ita expediri posse consilium ut pro merito cujusque statueretur,

Liv. 8, 14, 1:

tunc ut quaeque causa erit statuetis,

id. 3, 53, 10:

non ex rumore statuendum,

decisions should not be founded on rumors, Tac. A. 3, 69.—

With cognoscere, to examine ( officially) and decide:

petit ut vel ipse de eo causa cognita statuat, vel civitatem statuere jubeat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 19:

consuli ut cognosceret statueretque senatus permiserat,

Liv. 39, 3, 2:

missuros qui de eorum controversiis cognoscerent statuerentque,

id. 40, 20, 1; 45, 13, 11:

quod causa cognita erit statuendum,

Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 8.—

With reference to the mind of the subject, to decide, to make up one's mind, conclude, determine, be convinced, usu. with interrog.clause:

numquam intellegis, statuendum tibi esse, utrum illi homicidae sint an vindices libertatis,

Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30:

illud mirum videri solet, tot homines... statuere non potuisse, utrum judicem an arbitrum, rem an litem dici oporteret,

id. Mur. 12, 27:

neque tamen possum statuere, utrum magis mirer, etc.,

id. de Or. 3, 22, 82:

ipsi statuerent, quo tempore possent suo jure arma capere,

id. Tull. 5, 12:

ut statuerem quid esset faciendum,

id. Att. 7, 26, 3:

statuere enim qui sit sapiens, vel maxime videtur esse sapientis,

id. Ac. 2, 3, 9:

si habes jam statutum quid tibi agendum putes,

id. Fam. 4, 2, 4:

tu quantum tribuendum nobis putes statuas ipse, et, ut spero, statues ex nostra dignitate,

id. ib. 5, 8, 4:

vix statui posse utrum quae pro se, an quae contra fratrem petiturus esset ab senatu magis impetrabilia forent,

Liv. 45, 19, 6:

quam satis statuerat, utram foveret partem,

id. 42, 29, 11:

posse ipsam Liviam statuere, nubendum post Drusum, an, etc.,

Tac. A. 4, 40:

statue quem poenae extrahas,

Sen. Troad. 661.—So with apud animum, to make up one's mind:

vix statuere apud animum meum possum atrum pejor ipsa res an pejore exemplo agatur,

Liv. 34, 2, 4:

proinde ipsi primum statuerent apud animos quid vellent,

id. 6, 39, 11.—Rarely with neutr, pron. as object:

quidquid nos de communi sententia statuerimus,

Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 2:

sic statue, quidquid statuis, ut causam famamque tuam in arto stare scias,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 1306.—

To decree, order, prescribe.

With ut or ne: statuunt ut decem milia hominum in oppidum submittantur, [p. 1754] Caes. B. G. 7, 21:

eos (Siculos) statuisse ut hoc quod dico postularet,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 103:

statuunt illi atque decernunt ut eae litterae... removerentur,

id. ib. 2, 2, 71, §

173: statuit iste ut arator... vadimonium promitteret,

id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §

38: orare patres ut statuerent ne absentium nomina reciperentur,

id. ib. 2, 2, 42, §

103: statuitur ne post M. Brutum proconsulem sit Creta provincia,

id. Phil. 2, 38, 97:

(Tiberius) auxit patrum honorem statuendo ut qui ad senatum provocavissent, etc.,

Tac. A. 14, 28:

statuiturque (a senatu) ut... in servitute haberentur,

id. ib. 12, 53.—So of a decree, determination, or agreement by several persons or parties to be carried out by each of them:

statutum esse (inter plebem et Poenos) ut... impedimenta diriperent,

Liv. 23, 16, 6:

Athenienses cum statuerent, ut urbe relicta naves conscenderent,

Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48:

statuunt ut fallere custodes tentent,

Ov. M. 4, 84.—

With acc. (post-Aug.):

remedium statuere,

to prescribe a remedy against public abuses, Tac. A. 3, 28; 6, 4:

Caesar ducentesimam (vectigalis) in posterum statuit,

decreed that one half of one per cent. be the tax, id. ib. 2, 42.—So with sic (= hoc):

sic, di, statuistis,

Ov. M. 4, 661.—

With dat. and acc. (not ante-Aug.):

eis (Vestalibus) stipendium de publico statuit,

decreed, allowed a salary, Liv. 1, 20, 3:

Aurelio quoque annuam pecuniam statuit princeps,

decreed, granted, Tac. A. 13, 34:

biduum criminibus obiciendis statuitur,

are allowed, id. ib. 3, 13:

itaque et alimenta pueris statuta... et patribus praemia statuta,

Just. 12, 4, 8:

ceu Aeolus insanis statuat certamina ventis,

Stat. Th. 6, 300:

non hoc statui sub tempore rebus occasum Aeoniis,

id. ib. 7, 219:

statuere alicui munera,

Val. Fl. 2, 566.—

With dat. and interrog.-clause:

cur his quoque statuisti quantum ex hoc genere frumenti darent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 53:

ordo iis quo quisque die supplicarent, statutus,

Liv. 7, 28, 8.—

In partic., of punishment, etc., to decree, measure out, inflict.

With poenam, etc., with or without in and acc. pers. (mostly post-Aug.):

considerando... in utra (lege) major poena statuatur,

Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 145:

poenam statui par fuisse,

Tac. A. 14, 49:

qui non judicium, sed poenam statui videbant,

id. ib. 11, 6:

eadem poena in Catum Firmium statuitur,

id. ib. 6, 31:

senatu universo in socios facinoris ultimam statuente poenam,

Suet. Caes. 14;

so with mercedem (= poenam): debuisse gravissimam temeritatis mercedem statui,

Liv. 39, 55, 3; cf.

also: Thrasea, non quidquid nocens reus pati mereretur, id egregio sub principe statuendum disseruit,

Tac. A. 14, 48.— Absol.:

non debere eripi patribus vim statuendi (sc. poenas),

Tac. A. 3, 70.—

With indef. obj., generally with in and acc.: aliquid gravius in aliquem, to proceed severely against:

obsecrare coepit, ne quid gravius in fratrem statueret,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20:

fac aliquid gravius in Hejum statuisse Mamertinos,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 19:

res monet cavere ab illis magis quam quid in illos statuamus consultare,

Sall. C. 52, 3:

qui cum triste aliquid statuit, fit tristis et ipse,

Ov. P. 2, 2, 119:

si quid ob eam rem de se crudelius statuerent,

Just. 2, 15, 10.—

With a word expressing the kind of punishment (post-Aug.):

in Pompeiam Sabinam exilium statuitur,

Tac. A. 6, 24 (18).—

De capite, to pass sentence of death:

legem illam praeclaram quae de capite civis Romani nisi comitiis centuriatis statui vetaret,

Cic. Rep. 2, 36, 61.—

Referring to one's own acts, to resolve, determine, purpose, to propose, with inf. (first in Cic.;

freq. and class.): statuit ab initio et in eo perseveravit, jus publicano non dicere,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 5, 10:

P. Clodius cum statuisset omni scelere in praetura vexare rem publicam,

id. Mil. 9, 24:

statuerat excusare,

to decline the office, id. Lig. 7, 21:

cum statuissem scribere ad te aliquid,

id. Off. 1, 2, 4:

quod iste certe statuerat et deliberaverat non adesse,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 1:

se statuisse animum advertere in omnes nauarchos,

id. ib. 2, 5, 40, §

105: nam statueram in perpetuum tacere,

id. Fam. 4, 4, 4:

statueram... nihil de illo dicere,

id. Fragm. Clod. 1, 1:

statueram recta Appia Romam (i. e. venire),

id. Att. 16, 10, 1:

Pompeius statuerat bello decertare,

Caes. B. C. 3, 86: si cedere hinc statuisset, Liv. 44, 39, 7:

triumphare mense Januario statuerat,

id. 39, 15:

immemor sim propositi quo statui non ultra attingere externa nisi qua Romanis cohaererent rebus,

id. 39, 48:

rex quamquam dissimulare statuerat,

id. 42, 21:

opperiri ibi hostium adventum statuit,

id. 42, 54, 9:

ut statuisse non pugnare consules cognitum est,

id. 2, 45, 9:

exaugurare fana statuit,

id. 1, 55, 2:

Delphos mittere statuit,

id. 1, 56, 5:

eos deducere in agros statuerunt,

id. 40, 38, 2:

tradere se, ait, moenia statuisse,

id. 8, 25, 10:

Samnitium exercitus certamine ultimo fortunam experiri statuit,

id. 7, 37, 4:

statuit sic adfectos hosti non obicere,

id. 44, 36, 2:

sub idem tempus statuit senatus Carthaginem excidere,

Vell. 1, 12, 2:

statui pauca disserere,

Tac. H. 4, 73:

amoliri juvenem specie honoris statuit,

id. A. 2, 42:

statuerat urbem novam condere,

Curt. 4, 8, 1:

statuerat parcere urbi conditae a Cyro,

id. 7, 6, 20:

rex statuerat inde abire,

id. 7, 11, 4:

Alexander statuerat ex Syria petere Africam,

id. 10, 1, 17; 10, 5, 24; 5, 27 (9), 13; so,

statutum habere cum animo ac deliberatum,

to have firmly and deliberately resolved, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 95.—With sic:

caedis initium fecisset a me, sic enim statuerat,

id. Phil. 3, 7, 29.—

To judge, declare as a judgment, be of opinion, hold (especially of legal opinions), think, consider (always implying the establishment of a principle, or a decided conviction; cf.: existimo, puto, etc.).

With acc. and inf.

In gen.:

senatus consulta falsa delata ab eo judicavimus... leges statuimus per vim et contra auspicia latas,

Cic. Phil. 12, 5, 12:

statuit senatus hoc ne illi quidem esse licitum cui concesserat omnia,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 35, § 81:

quin is tamen (judex) statuat fieri non posse ut de isto non severissime judicetur,

id. ib. 2, 3, 62, §

144: hujusce rei vos (recuperatores) statuetis nullam esse actionem qui obstiterit armatis hominibus?

id. Caecin. 13, 39, ut quisquam juris numeretur peritus, qui id statuit esse jus quod non oporteat judicari, who holds that to be the law, id. ib. 24, 68:

is (Pompeius) se in publico statuit esse non posse,

id. Pis. 13, 29:

tu unquam tantam plagam tacitus accipere potuisses, nisi hoc ita statuisses, quidquid dixisses te deterius esse facturum?

id. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 133:

si causa cum causa contenderet, nos nostram perfacile cuivis probaturos statuebamus,

we were sure, id. Quint. 30, 92:

non statuit sibi quidquam licere quod non patrem suum facere vidisset,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 90, § 211:

hi sibi nullam societatem communis utilitatis causa statuunt esse cum civibus,

assume, id. Off. 3, 6, 28:

cum igitur statuisset opus esse ad eam rem constituendam pecunia,

had become convinced, id. ib. 2, 23, 82:

quo cive neminem ego statuo in hac re publica esse fortiorem,

id. Planc. 21, 51:

quam quidem laudem sapientiae statuo esse maximam,

id. Fam. 5, 13, 1:

hoc anno statuit temporis esse satis,

Ov. F. 1, 34:

nolim statuas me mente maligna id facere,

Cat. 67, 37.— So with sic:

velim sic statuas tuas mihi litteras longissimas quasque gratissimas fore,

Cic. Fam. 7, 33 fin.:

ego sic statuo a me in hac causa pietatis potius quam defensionis partes esse susceptas,

I hold, lay down as the principle of my defence, id. Sest. 2, 3:

quod sic statuit omnino consularem legem nullam putare,

id. ib. 64, 135:

sic statuo et judico, neminem tot et tanta habuisse ornamenta dicendi,

id. Or. 2, 28, 122. —Hence, statui, I have judged, i. e. I know, and statueram, I had judged, i. e. I knew:

ut ego qui in te satis consilii statuerim esse, mallem Peducaeum tibi consilium dare quam me, ironically,

Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4:

qui saepe audissent, nihil esse pulchrius quam Syracusarum moenia, statuerant se, si ea Verre praetore non vidissent, numquam esse visuros,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 36, § 95.—With neutr. pron.:

si dicam non recte aliquid statuere eos qui consulantur,

that they hold an erroneous opinion, Cic. Caecin. 24, 68; cf.:

quis hoc statuit umquam, aut cui concedi potest, ut eum jure potuerit occidere a quo, etc.,

id. Tull. 24, 56; Quint. 5, 13, 21.—

Particularly of a conclusion drawn from circumstances, to judge, infer, conclude; declare (as an inference):

cum tuto senatum haberi non posse judicavistis, tum statuiistis, etiam intra muros Antonii scelus versari,

Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13: quod si aliter statuetis, videte ne hoc vos statuatis, qui vivus decesserit, ei vim non esse factam, id. Caecin. 16, 46:

quid? si tu ipse statuisti, bona P. Quinctii ex edicto possessa non esse?

id. Quint. 24, 76:

ergo ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,

id. Off. 3, 16, 67:

Juppiter esse pium statuit quodcumque juvaret,

Ov. H. 4, 133.—With neutr. pron.:

hoc (i. e. litteris Gabinii credendum non esse) statuit senatus cum frequens supplicationem Gabinio denegavit,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 6, 14:

quod si tum statuit opus esse, quid cum ille decessisset, Flacco existimatis statuendum et faciendum fuisse?

id. Fl. 12, 29; cf. id. Caecin. 16, 46, supra; so,

hoc si ita statuetis,

id. ib. 16, 47.—

Esp. with gerund.-clause.

To hold, judge, think, consider, acknowledge, that something must be done, or should have been done:

tu cum tuos amicos in provinciam quasi in praedam invitabas... non statuebas tibi de illorum factis rationem esse reddendam?

did you not consider, did it not strike you? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 29: statuit, si hoc crimen extenuari vellet, nauarchos omnes vita esse privandos, he thought it necessary to deprive, etc., id. ib. 2, 5, 40, §

103: ut statuas mihi non modo non cedendum, sed etiam tuo auxilio utendum fuisse,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 10:

statuebam sic, boni nihil ab illis nugis expectandum,

id. Sest. 10, 24:

Antigonus statuit aliquid sibi consilii novi esse capiendum,

Nep. Eum. 8, 4. —So with opus fuisse:

ut hoc statuatis oratione longa nihil opus fuisse,

acknowledge, Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56: causam sibi dicendam esse statuerat jam ante quam hoc usu venit, knew (cf. a. supra), id. ib. 2, 5, 39, § 101. —

To think that one must do something, to resolve, propose, usu. with dat. pers.:

manendum mihi statuebam quasi in vigilia quadam consulari ac senatoria,

Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 1: quae vobis fit injuria si statuimus, vestro nobis judicio standum esse, if we conclude, purpose, to abide, etc., id. Fl. 27, 65:

ut ea quae statuisses tibi in senatu dicenda, reticeres,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 1:

statuit tamen nihil sibi in tantis injuriis gravius faciendum,

id. Clu. 6, 16:

Caesar statuit exspectandam classem,

Caes. B. G. 3, 14:

non expectandum sibi statuit dum, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 11:

quod eo tempore statuerat non esse faciendum,

id. B. C. 3, 44:

statuit sibi nihil agitandum,

Sall. J. 39, 5:

Metellus statuit alio more bellum gerendum,

id. ib. 54, 5:

Laco statuit accuratius sibi agendum cum Pharnabazo,

Nep. Alcib. 10, 2:

sororis filios tollendos statuit,

Just. 38, 1.—

With ut:

si, ut Manilius statuebat, sic est judicatum (= ut judicandum esse statuebat),

Cic. Caecin. 24, 69:

ut veteres statuerunt poetae (ut = quod ita esse),

id. Arat. 267 (33): quae majora auribus accepta sunt quam oculis noscuntur, ut statuit, as he thought, i. e. that those things were greater, etc., Liv. 45, 27:

cum esset, ut ego mihi statuo, talis qualem te esse video,

Cic. Mur. 14, 32.—

With two acc. (= duco, existimo):

omnes qui libere de re publica sensimus, statuit ille quidem non inimicos, sed hostes,

regarded not as adversaries, but as foes, Cic. Phil. 11, 1, 3:

Anaximenes aera deum statuit,

id. N. D. 10, 26:

voluptatem summum bonum statuens,

id. Off. 1, 2, 5:

video Lentulum cujus ego parentem deum ac patronum statuo fortunae ac nominis mei,

id. Sest. 69, 144:

si rectum statuerimus concedere amicis quidquid velint,

id. Lael. 11, 38:

Hieronymus summum bonum statuit non dolere,

id. Fin. 2, 6, 19:

noster vero Plato Titanum e genere statuit eos qui... adversentur magistratibus,

id. Leg. 3, 2, 5:

decretum postulat, quo justae inter patruos fratrumque filias nuptiae statuerentur,

Tac. A. 12, 7:

optimum in praesentia statuit reponere odium,

id. Agr. 39.— P. a.: stătūtus, a, um, i. e. baculo, propped, leaning on a stick (dub. v. I. C. supra):

vidistis senem... statutum, ventriosum?

Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 11.—Hence, subst.: stătūtum, i, n., a law, decision, determination, statute (late Lat.):

Dei,

Lact. 2, 16, 14:

Parcarum leges ac statuta,

id. 1, 11, 14:

statuta Dei et placita,

id. 7, 25, 8.

in-tendo, di, tum and sum, 3, v. a. ( part. intenditus, Fronto, Fer. Als. 3, 11 Mai.), to stretch out or forth, extend.

Lit.

In hunc intende digitum, hic lenost, point in scorn, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 45:

dextram ad statuam,

Cic. Att. 16, 15:

alicui manus,

Sen. Clem. 1, 25:

bracchia,

Ov. M. 10, 58:

manus,

id. ib. 8, 107:

jubet intendi bracchia velis,

Verg. A. 5, 829:

intenta bracchia remis, id. ib, 5, 136: ventis vela,

id. ib. 3, 683:

nervos aut remittere,

Plin. 26, 10, 62, § 96:

cutem,

id. 8, 35, 53, § 125:

jamque manus Colchis crinemque intenderat astris,

Val. Fl. 8, 68.—

To bend a bow, etc.:

ballistam in aliquem,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 58:

arcum,

Verg. A. 8, 704:

intentus est arcus in me unum,

Cic. Sest. 7, 15.—

To aim or direct at a thing:

tela in patriam,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 9:

tela intenta jugulis civitatis,

id. Pis. 2:

sagittam,

Verg. A. 9, 590:

telum in jugulum,

Plin. Ep. 3, 9.—

To stretch or spread out; to stretch, lay or put upon a thing:

tabernacula carbaseis intenta velis,

pitched, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 30; 2, 5, 31, § 80:

sella intenta loris,

Quint. 6, 3, 25:

stuppea vincula collo Intendunt,

Verg. A. 2, 237:

duro intendere bracchia tergo,

i. e. to bind with the cestus, id. ib. 5, 403:

locum sertis,

encircled, surrounded, id. ib. 4, 506:

vela secundi Intendunt Zephyri,

swell, fill, id. ib. 5, 33:

intendentibus tenebris,

spreading, Liv. 1, 57, 8.—

Trop.

To strain or stretch towards, to extend:

aciem acrem in omnes partes intendit,

turns keen looks on every side, Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 38:

aciem longius,

id. Ac. 2, 25, 80:

quo intendisset oculos,

whithersoever he turns his eyes, Tac. A. 4, 70:

aures ad verba,

Ov. P. 4, 4, 36: cum putaret licere senatui, et mitigare leges et intendere, to stretch, i. e. increase the rigor of, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 17:

numeros intendere nervis,

Verg. A. 9, 776 (per nervos intentos, Forbig.); cf.:

strepitum fidis intendisse Latinae,

Pers. 6, 4.—

Esp.

To direct towards any thing, to turn or bend in any direction:

digna est res ubi tu nervos intendas tuos,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20:

intendenda in senem est fallacia,

id. Heaut. 3, 2, 2:

ut eo quo intendit, cum exercitu mature perveniat,

Cic. Mur. 9: iter, to direct one ' s course:

ad explorandum quonam hostes iter intendissent,

Liv. 31, 33, 6:

a porta ad praetorem iter intendit,

id. 36, 21:

coeptum iter in Italiam,

id. 21, 29, 6; 27, 46, 9.— Absol.:

quo nunc primum intendam,

whither shall I turn? Ter. And. 2, 2, 6.—

Intendere animum, to direct one ' s thoughts or attention to any thing: quaero enim non quibus intendam rebus animum, sed, etc., Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 329, 6:

parum defigunt animos et intendunt in ea, quae, etc.,

id. Ac. 2, 15, 46:

quo animum intendat, facile perspicio,

id. Verr. 1, 3;

Liv. praef. 9: intentus animus tuus est ad fortissimum virum liberandum,

Cic. Phil. 11, 9:

oculi mentesque ad pugnam intentae,

Caes. B. G. 3, 26:

in ea re omnium nostrorum intentis animis,

id. ib. 3, 22:

intendere animum in regnum Adherbalis,

Sall. J. 20, 1:

ad bellum animum intendit,

id. ib. 43, 2:

animum studiis et rebus honestis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 36:

considerationem in aliquam rem,

Cic. Inv. 2, 33:

omnes cogitationes ad aliquid,

Liv. 40, 5:

omnium eo curae sunt intentae,

Liv. 9, 31; id. 25, 9:

ad scribendum animum, oculos, manum,

Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 7: ubi ingenium intenderis, valet, Sall. J. 51, 3:

eruditionem tuam,

Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 14. —

Hence, intendere alone, to urge on, incite:

intenderant eum ad cavendi omnia curam tot auditae proditiones,

Liv. 24, 37:

aliquem ad custodiae curam,

id. 21, 49:

vis omnis intendenda rebus,

Quint. 10, 7, 21.—

To enlarge, spread, extend, magnify:

intendetur socordia, si nullus ex se metus aut spes,

Tac. A. 2, 38:

amici accendendis offensionibus callidi, intendere vera. adgerere falsa,

exaggerated, id. ib. 2, 57;

4, 11: gloriam,

id. ib. 4, 26;

12, 35: tormentum,

Cels. 4, 15 init. —

Absol., to turn one ' s attention to, exert one ' s self for, to purpose, endeavor, intend:

pergin, sceleste, intendere hanc arguere?

Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 27 Brix:

quod est tibi ante explicandum, quam illuc proficiscare, quo te dicis intendere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 42:

quod ubi secus procedit, neque quod intenderat, efficere potest,

Sall. J. 25, 10:

quocumque intenderat,

id. ib. 74, 2; cf. id. ib. 64, 1;

102, 1: genera lectionum, quae praecipue convenire intendentibus, ut oratores fiant,

Quint. 10, 1, 45:

ad nuptias,

Just. 13, 6.—

With inf.:

quo ire intenderant,

Sall. J. 107, 7:

altum petere intendit,

Liv. 36, 44.—

Intendere se, to exert one ' s self, prepare for any thing:

se ad firmitatem,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 23:

se in rem,

Quint. 4, 1, 39: qui se intenderunt adversarios in ejus tribunatum, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 2.—

Intendere animo, to purpose in one ' s mind, to intend:

si C. Antonius, quod animo intenderat, perficere potuisset,

Cic. Phil. 10, 4, 9.—

To maintain, assert:

eam sese intendit esse,

Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 19.—Esp., as leg. t. t., to aver, maintain, assert as a plaintiff in court:

quo modo nunc intendit,

Cic. Quint. 29, 88: si quod intendit adversarius tuus, probationibus implere non possit, Vet. cujusd. Jurec. Consult. 6, 16 Huschke; Dig. 10, 4, 9, § 6. —

To threaten with any thing, to seek to bring upon, to afflict with:

alicui actionem perduellionis,

Cic. Mil. 14:

alicui litem,

id. de Or. 1, 10:

periculum in omnes,

id. Rosc. Am. 3:

crimen in aliquem,

Liv. 9, 26:

injuriarum formulam,

Suet. Vit. 7:

probra et minas alicui,

Tac. A. 3, 36:

metum intendere,

id. ib. 1, 28.—

Intendere in se, to contemplate one ' s self: quid sit Deus: totus in se intendat, an ad nos aliquando respiciat, Sen. Q. N. praef. 1.—

Intendere alicui, to be intended for a person, Stat. S. 3 praef.—

In rhet., to premise, to state as the proposition of a syllogism, Quint. 5, 14, 10.—

In gram., to make long, to use (a syllable) as long:

primam syllabam intendit, tertiam corripuit,

Gell. 13, 22. 18. — Hence, P. a. in two forms.

inten-tus, a, um.

On the stretch, strained, bent:

arcus,

Cic. Sen. 10, 37; Plin. 8, 8, 8, § 26.—

Attentive to, intent upon, waiting for something.

With dat.:

quem pueri intenti ludo exercent,

Verg. A. 7, 380:

intentus recipiendo exercitui esse,

Liv. 10, 42, 1.—

With abl.:

aliquo negotio intentus,

Sall. C. 2; id. ib. 4; 54.—

Absol., eager, intent:

at Romani domi militiaeque intenti festinare,

Sall. C. 6, 5:

senatus nihil sane intentus,

id. ib. 16, 5:

intenti exspectant signum,

Verg. A. 5, 137:

intenti ora tenebant,

id. ib. 2, 1:

totam causam quam maxime intentis, quod aiunt, oculis contemplari,

Cic. Fl. 11:

intentaque tuis precibus se praebuit aure,

Tib. 4, 1, 132. — Comp.:

intentiore custodia aliquem asservare,

Liv. 39, 19.— Sup.:

cum intentissima conquisitione ad triginta milia peditum confecisset,

Liv. 29, 35:

intentissima cura aliquid consequi,

Quint. 10, 1, 111:

haec omnia intentissima cura acta,

Liv. 25, 22, 4. —

Strict:

intentum et magnis delictis inexorabilem scias,

Tac. A. 12, 42:

intentius delectum habere,

Liv. 8, 17:

intentiorem fore disciplinam,

Tac. A. 12, 42.—

Raised:

intento alimentorum pretio,

Tac. H. 1, 89. —

Of speech and style, vigorous, nervous:

sermo,

Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:

pars orationis,

id. ib. 2, 52, 211. — Adv.: in-tentē, with earnestness, attentively, intently:

pronuntiare,

Plin. Ep. 5, 19:

audire,

Quint. 2, 2, 13.— Comp. (cf. intense):

cum delectus intentius haberetur,

Liv. 8, 17:

et quo intentius custodiae serventur,

id. 25, 30, 5:

apparare proelium,

id. 8, 1:

se excusare,

Tac. A. 3, 35:

premere obsessos,

id. ib. 15, 13:

adesse alicui rei,

id. ib. 11, 11.— Sup.:

exspectans intentissime,

Lampr. Elag. 14. —

intensus, a, um.

Stretched, [p. 976] tightened, tight: per intensos funes ire, Sen. de Ira, 2, 13.—

Violent:

intensior impetus,

Sen. Ira, 2, 35:

virtus in mediocribus modice intensior,

Nazar. Pan. ad Const. 23, 2.—

Attentive; sup., Aug. Ep. 56 al.— Adv.: intensē, violently; comp.: intensius, Fronto de Fer. Als. 3 Mai.; Schol. Juv. 11, 15; sup.:

intensissime,

Aug. Mor. Eccl. 19.

in-tendo, di, tum and sum, 3, v. a. ( part. intenditus, Fronto, Fer. Als. 3, 11 Mai.), to stretch out or forth, extend.

Lit.

In hunc intende digitum, hic lenost, point in scorn, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 45:

dextram ad statuam,

Cic. Att. 16, 15:

alicui manus,

Sen. Clem. 1, 25:

bracchia,

Ov. M. 10, 58:

manus,

id. ib. 8, 107:

jubet intendi bracchia velis,

Verg. A. 5, 829:

intenta bracchia remis, id. ib, 5, 136: ventis vela,

id. ib. 3, 683:

nervos aut remittere,

Plin. 26, 10, 62, § 96:

cutem,

id. 8, 35, 53, § 125:

jamque manus Colchis crinemque intenderat astris,

Val. Fl. 8, 68.—

To bend a bow, etc.:

ballistam in aliquem,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 58:

arcum,

Verg. A. 8, 704:

intentus est arcus in me unum,

Cic. Sest. 7, 15.—

To aim or direct at a thing:

tela in patriam,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 9:

tela intenta jugulis civitatis,

id. Pis. 2:

sagittam,

Verg. A. 9, 590:

telum in jugulum,

Plin. Ep. 3, 9.—

To stretch or spread out; to stretch, lay or put upon a thing:

tabernacula carbaseis intenta velis,

pitched, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 30; 2, 5, 31, § 80:

sella intenta loris,

Quint. 6, 3, 25:

stuppea vincula collo Intendunt,

Verg. A. 2, 237:

duro intendere bracchia tergo,

i. e. to bind with the cestus, id. ib. 5, 403:

locum sertis,

encircled, surrounded, id. ib. 4, 506:

vela secundi Intendunt Zephyri,

swell, fill, id. ib. 5, 33:

intendentibus tenebris,

spreading, Liv. 1, 57, 8.—

Trop.

To strain or stretch towards, to extend:

aciem acrem in omnes partes intendit,

turns keen looks on every side, Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 38:

aciem longius,

id. Ac. 2, 25, 80:

quo intendisset oculos,

whithersoever he turns his eyes, Tac. A. 4, 70:

aures ad verba,

Ov. P. 4, 4, 36: cum putaret licere senatui, et mitigare leges et intendere, to stretch, i. e. increase the rigor of, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 17:

numeros intendere nervis,

Verg. A. 9, 776 (per nervos intentos, Forbig.); cf.:

strepitum fidis intendisse Latinae,

Pers. 6, 4.—

Esp.

To direct towards any thing, to turn or bend in any direction:

digna est res ubi tu nervos intendas tuos,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20:

intendenda in senem est fallacia,

id. Heaut. 3, 2, 2:

ut eo quo intendit, cum exercitu mature perveniat,

Cic. Mur. 9: iter, to direct one ' s course:

ad explorandum quonam hostes iter intendissent,

Liv. 31, 33, 6:

a porta ad praetorem iter intendit,

id. 36, 21:

coeptum iter in Italiam,

id. 21, 29, 6; 27, 46, 9.— Absol.:

quo nunc primum intendam,

whither shall I turn? Ter. And. 2, 2, 6.—

Intendere animum, to direct one ' s thoughts or attention to any thing: quaero enim non quibus intendam rebus animum, sed, etc., Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 329, 6:

parum defigunt animos et intendunt in ea, quae, etc.,

id. Ac. 2, 15, 46:

quo animum intendat, facile perspicio,

id. Verr. 1, 3;

Liv. praef. 9: intentus animus tuus est ad fortissimum virum liberandum,

Cic. Phil. 11, 9:

oculi mentesque ad pugnam intentae,

Caes. B. G. 3, 26:

in ea re omnium nostrorum intentis animis,

id. ib. 3, 22:

intendere animum in regnum Adherbalis,

Sall. J. 20, 1:

ad bellum animum intendit,

id. ib. 43, 2:

animum studiis et rebus honestis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 36:

considerationem in aliquam rem,

Cic. Inv. 2, 33:

omnes cogitationes ad aliquid,

Liv. 40, 5:

omnium eo curae sunt intentae,

Liv. 9, 31; id. 25, 9:

ad scribendum animum, oculos, manum,

Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 7: ubi ingenium intenderis, valet, Sall. J. 51, 3:

eruditionem tuam,

Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 14. —

Hence, intendere alone, to urge on, incite:

intenderant eum ad cavendi omnia curam tot auditae proditiones,

Liv. 24, 37:

aliquem ad custodiae curam,

id. 21, 49:

vis omnis intendenda rebus,

Quint. 10, 7, 21.—

To enlarge, spread, extend, magnify:

intendetur socordia, si nullus ex se metus aut spes,

Tac. A. 2, 38:

amici accendendis offensionibus callidi, intendere vera. adgerere falsa,

exaggerated, id. ib. 2, 57;

4, 11: gloriam,

id. ib. 4, 26;

12, 35: tormentum,

Cels. 4, 15 init. —

Absol., to turn one ' s attention to, exert one ' s self for, to purpose, endeavor, intend:

pergin, sceleste, intendere hanc arguere?

Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 27 Brix:

quod est tibi ante explicandum, quam illuc proficiscare, quo te dicis intendere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 42:

quod ubi secus procedit, neque quod intenderat, efficere potest,

Sall. J. 25, 10:

quocumque intenderat,

id. ib. 74, 2; cf. id. ib. 64, 1;

102, 1: genera lectionum, quae praecipue convenire intendentibus, ut oratores fiant,

Quint. 10, 1, 45:

ad nuptias,

Just. 13, 6.—

With inf.:

quo ire intenderant,

Sall. J. 107, 7:

altum petere intendit,

Liv. 36, 44.—

Intendere se, to exert one ' s self, prepare for any thing:

se ad firmitatem,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 23:

se in rem,

Quint. 4, 1, 39: qui se intenderunt adversarios in ejus tribunatum, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 2.—

Intendere animo, to purpose in one ' s mind, to intend:

si C. Antonius, quod animo intenderat, perficere potuisset,

Cic. Phil. 10, 4, 9.—

To maintain, assert:

eam sese intendit esse,

Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 19.—Esp., as leg. t. t., to aver, maintain, assert as a plaintiff in court:

quo modo nunc intendit,

Cic. Quint. 29, 88: si quod intendit adversarius tuus, probationibus implere non possit, Vet. cujusd. Jurec. Consult. 6, 16 Huschke; Dig. 10, 4, 9, § 6. —

To threaten with any thing, to seek to bring upon, to afflict with:

alicui actionem perduellionis,

Cic. Mil. 14:

alicui litem,

id. de Or. 1, 10:

periculum in omnes,

id. Rosc. Am. 3:

crimen in aliquem,

Liv. 9, 26:

injuriarum formulam,

Suet. Vit. 7:

probra et minas alicui,

Tac. A. 3, 36:

metum intendere,

id. ib. 1, 28.—

Intendere in se, to contemplate one ' s self: quid sit Deus: totus in se intendat, an ad nos aliquando respiciat, Sen. Q. N. praef. 1.—

Intendere alicui, to be intended for a person, Stat. S. 3 praef.—

In rhet., to premise, to state as the proposition of a syllogism, Quint. 5, 14, 10.—

In gram., to make long, to use (a syllable) as long:

primam syllabam intendit, tertiam corripuit,

Gell. 13, 22. 18. — Hence, P. a. in two forms.

inten-tus, a, um.

On the stretch, strained, bent:

arcus,

Cic. Sen. 10, 37; Plin. 8, 8, 8, § 26.—

Attentive to, intent upon, waiting for something.

With dat.:

quem pueri intenti ludo exercent,

Verg. A. 7, 380:

intentus recipiendo exercitui esse,

Liv. 10, 42, 1.—

With abl.:

aliquo negotio intentus,

Sall. C. 2; id. ib. 4; 54.—

Absol., eager, intent:

at Romani domi militiaeque intenti festinare,

Sall. C. 6, 5:

senatus nihil sane intentus,

id. ib. 16, 5:

intenti exspectant signum,

Verg. A. 5, 137:

intenti ora tenebant,

id. ib. 2, 1:

totam causam quam maxime intentis, quod aiunt, oculis contemplari,

Cic. Fl. 11:

intentaque tuis precibus se praebuit aure,

Tib. 4, 1, 132. — Comp.:

intentiore custodia aliquem asservare,

Liv. 39, 19.— Sup.:

cum intentissima conquisitione ad triginta milia peditum confecisset,

Liv. 29, 35:

intentissima cura aliquid consequi,

Quint. 10, 1, 111:

haec omnia intentissima cura acta,

Liv. 25, 22, 4. —

Strict:

intentum et magnis delictis inexorabilem scias,

Tac. A. 12, 42:

intentius delectum habere,

Liv. 8, 17:

intentiorem fore disciplinam,

Tac. A. 12, 42.—

Raised:

intento alimentorum pretio,

Tac. H. 1, 89. —

Of speech and style, vigorous, nervous:

sermo,

Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:

pars orationis,

id. ib. 2, 52, 211. — Adv.: in-tentē, with earnestness, attentively, intently:

pronuntiare,

Plin. Ep. 5, 19:

audire,

Quint. 2, 2, 13.— Comp. (cf. intense):

cum delectus intentius haberetur,

Liv. 8, 17:

et quo intentius custodiae serventur,

id. 25, 30, 5:

apparare proelium,

id. 8, 1:

se excusare,

Tac. A. 3, 35:

premere obsessos,

id. ib. 15, 13:

adesse alicui rei,

id. ib. 11, 11.— Sup.:

exspectans intentissime,

Lampr. Elag. 14. —

intensus, a, um.

Stretched, [p. 976] tightened, tight: per intensos funes ire, Sen. de Ira, 2, 13.—

Violent:

intensior impetus,

Sen. Ira, 2, 35:

virtus in mediocribus modice intensior,

Nazar. Pan. ad Const. 23, 2.—

Attentive; sup., Aug. Ep. 56 al.— Adv.: intensē, violently; comp.: intensius, Fronto de Fer. Als. 3 Mai.; Schol. Juv. 11, 15; sup.:

intensissime,

Aug. Mor. Eccl. 19.

in-tendo, di, tum and sum, 3, v. a. ( part. intenditus, Fronto, Fer. Als. 3, 11 Mai.), to stretch out or forth, extend.

Lit.

In hunc intende digitum, hic lenost, point in scorn, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 45:

dextram ad statuam,

Cic. Att. 16, 15:

alicui manus,

Sen. Clem. 1, 25:

bracchia,

Ov. M. 10, 58:

manus,

id. ib. 8, 107:

jubet intendi bracchia velis,

Verg. A. 5, 829:

intenta bracchia remis, id. ib, 5, 136: ventis vela,

id. ib. 3, 683:

nervos aut remittere,

Plin. 26, 10, 62, § 96:

cutem,

id. 8, 35, 53, § 125:

jamque manus Colchis crinemque intenderat astris,

Val. Fl. 8, 68.—

To bend a bow, etc.:

ballistam in aliquem,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 58:

arcum,

Verg. A. 8, 704:

intentus est arcus in me unum,

Cic. Sest. 7, 15.—

To aim or direct at a thing:

tela in patriam,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 9:

tela intenta jugulis civitatis,

id. Pis. 2:

sagittam,

Verg. A. 9, 590:

telum in jugulum,

Plin. Ep. 3, 9.—

To stretch or spread out; to stretch, lay or put upon a thing:

tabernacula carbaseis intenta velis,

pitched, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 30; 2, 5, 31, § 80:

sella intenta loris,

Quint. 6, 3, 25:

stuppea vincula collo Intendunt,

Verg. A. 2, 237:

duro intendere bracchia tergo,

i. e. to bind with the cestus, id. ib. 5, 403:

locum sertis,

encircled, surrounded, id. ib. 4, 506:

vela secundi Intendunt Zephyri,

swell, fill, id. ib. 5, 33:

intendentibus tenebris,

spreading, Liv. 1, 57, 8.—

Trop.

To strain or stretch towards, to extend:

aciem acrem in omnes partes intendit,

turns keen looks on every side, Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 38:

aciem longius,

id. Ac. 2, 25, 80:

quo intendisset oculos,

whithersoever he turns his eyes, Tac. A. 4, 70:

aures ad verba,

Ov. P. 4, 4, 36: cum putaret licere senatui, et mitigare leges et intendere, to stretch, i. e. increase the rigor of, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 17:

numeros intendere nervis,

Verg. A. 9, 776 (per nervos intentos, Forbig.); cf.:

strepitum fidis intendisse Latinae,

Pers. 6, 4.—

Esp.

To direct towards any thing, to turn or bend in any direction:

digna est res ubi tu nervos intendas tuos,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20:

intendenda in senem est fallacia,

id. Heaut. 3, 2, 2:

ut eo quo intendit, cum exercitu mature perveniat,

Cic. Mur. 9: iter, to direct one ' s course:

ad explorandum quonam hostes iter intendissent,

Liv. 31, 33, 6:

a porta ad praetorem iter intendit,

id. 36, 21:

coeptum iter in Italiam,

id. 21, 29, 6; 27, 46, 9.— Absol.:

quo nunc primum intendam,

whither shall I turn? Ter. And. 2, 2, 6.—

Intendere animum, to direct one ' s thoughts or attention to any thing: quaero enim non quibus intendam rebus animum, sed, etc., Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 329, 6:

parum defigunt animos et intendunt in ea, quae, etc.,

id. Ac. 2, 15, 46:

quo animum intendat, facile perspicio,

id. Verr. 1, 3;

Liv. praef. 9: intentus animus tuus est ad fortissimum virum liberandum,

Cic. Phil. 11, 9:

oculi mentesque ad pugnam intentae,

Caes. B. G. 3, 26:

in ea re omnium nostrorum intentis animis,

id. ib. 3, 22:

intendere animum in regnum Adherbalis,

Sall. J. 20, 1:

ad bellum animum intendit,

id. ib. 43, 2:

animum studiis et rebus honestis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 36:

considerationem in aliquam rem,

Cic. Inv. 2, 33:

omnes cogitationes ad aliquid,

Liv. 40, 5:

omnium eo curae sunt intentae,

Liv. 9, 31; id. 25, 9:

ad scribendum animum, oculos, manum,

Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 7: ubi ingenium intenderis, valet, Sall. J. 51, 3:

eruditionem tuam,

Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 14. —

Hence, intendere alone, to urge on, incite:

intenderant eum ad cavendi omnia curam tot auditae proditiones,

Liv. 24, 37:

aliquem ad custodiae curam,

id. 21, 49:

vis omnis intendenda rebus,

Quint. 10, 7, 21.—

To enlarge, spread, extend, magnify:

intendetur socordia, si nullus ex se metus aut spes,

Tac. A. 2, 38:

amici accendendis offensionibus callidi, intendere vera. adgerere falsa,

exaggerated, id. ib. 2, 57;

4, 11: gloriam,

id. ib. 4, 26;

12, 35: tormentum,

Cels. 4, 15 init. —

Absol., to turn one ' s attention to, exert one ' s self for, to purpose, endeavor, intend:

pergin, sceleste, intendere hanc arguere?

Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 27 Brix:

quod est tibi ante explicandum, quam illuc proficiscare, quo te dicis intendere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 42:

quod ubi secus procedit, neque quod intenderat, efficere potest,

Sall. J. 25, 10:

quocumque intenderat,

id. ib. 74, 2; cf. id. ib. 64, 1;

102, 1: genera lectionum, quae praecipue convenire intendentibus, ut oratores fiant,

Quint. 10, 1, 45:

ad nuptias,

Just. 13, 6.—

With inf.:

quo ire intenderant,

Sall. J. 107, 7:

altum petere intendit,

Liv. 36, 44.—

Intendere se, to exert one ' s self, prepare for any thing:

se ad firmitatem,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 23:

se in rem,

Quint. 4, 1, 39: qui se intenderunt adversarios in ejus tribunatum, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 2.—

Intendere animo, to purpose in one ' s mind, to intend:

si C. Antonius, quod animo intenderat, perficere potuisset,

Cic. Phil. 10, 4, 9.—

To maintain, assert:

eam sese intendit esse,

Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 19.—Esp., as leg. t. t., to aver, maintain, assert as a plaintiff in court:

quo modo nunc intendit,

Cic. Quint. 29, 88: si quod intendit adversarius tuus, probationibus implere non possit, Vet. cujusd. Jurec. Consult. 6, 16 Huschke; Dig. 10, 4, 9, § 6. —

To threaten with any thing, to seek to bring upon, to afflict with:

alicui actionem perduellionis,

Cic. Mil. 14:

alicui litem,

id. de Or. 1, 10:

periculum in omnes,

id. Rosc. Am. 3:

crimen in aliquem,

Liv. 9, 26:

injuriarum formulam,

Suet. Vit. 7:

probra et minas alicui,

Tac. A. 3, 36:

metum intendere,

id. ib. 1, 28.—

Intendere in se, to contemplate one ' s self: quid sit Deus: totus in se intendat, an ad nos aliquando respiciat, Sen. Q. N. praef. 1.—

Intendere alicui, to be intended for a person, Stat. S. 3 praef.—

In rhet., to premise, to state as the proposition of a syllogism, Quint. 5, 14, 10.—

In gram., to make long, to use (a syllable) as long:

primam syllabam intendit, tertiam corripuit,

Gell. 13, 22. 18. — Hence, P. a. in two forms.

inten-tus, a, um.

On the stretch, strained, bent:

arcus,

Cic. Sen. 10, 37; Plin. 8, 8, 8, § 26.—

Attentive to, intent upon, waiting for something.

With dat.:

quem pueri intenti ludo exercent,

Verg. A. 7, 380:

intentus recipiendo exercitui esse,

Liv. 10, 42, 1.—

With abl.:

aliquo negotio intentus,

Sall. C. 2; id. ib. 4; 54.—

Absol., eager, intent:

at Romani domi militiaeque intenti festinare,

Sall. C. 6, 5:

senatus nihil sane intentus,

id. ib. 16, 5:

intenti exspectant signum,

Verg. A. 5, 137:

intenti ora tenebant,

id. ib. 2, 1:

totam causam quam maxime intentis, quod aiunt, oculis contemplari,

Cic. Fl. 11:

intentaque tuis precibus se praebuit aure,

Tib. 4, 1, 132. — Comp.:

intentiore custodia aliquem asservare,

Liv. 39, 19.— Sup.:

cum intentissima conquisitione ad triginta milia peditum confecisset,

Liv. 29, 35:

intentissima cura aliquid consequi,

Quint. 10, 1, 111:

haec omnia intentissima cura acta,

Liv. 25, 22, 4. —

Strict:

intentum et magnis delictis inexorabilem scias,

Tac. A. 12, 42:

intentius delectum habere,

Liv. 8, 17:

intentiorem fore disciplinam,

Tac. A. 12, 42.—

Raised:

intento alimentorum pretio,

Tac. H. 1, 89. —

Of speech and style, vigorous, nervous:

sermo,

Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:

pars orationis,

id. ib. 2, 52, 211. — Adv.: in-tentē, with earnestness, attentively, intently:

pronuntiare,

Plin. Ep. 5, 19:

audire,

Quint. 2, 2, 13.— Comp. (cf. intense):

cum delectus intentius haberetur,

Liv. 8, 17:

et quo intentius custodiae serventur,

id. 25, 30, 5:

apparare proelium,

id. 8, 1:

se excusare,

Tac. A. 3, 35:

premere obsessos,

id. ib. 15, 13:

adesse alicui rei,

id. ib. 11, 11.— Sup.:

exspectans intentissime,

Lampr. Elag. 14. —

intensus, a, um.

Stretched, [p. 976] tightened, tight: per intensos funes ire, Sen. de Ira, 2, 13.—

Violent:

intensior impetus,

Sen. Ira, 2, 35:

virtus in mediocribus modice intensior,

Nazar. Pan. ad Const. 23, 2.—

Attentive; sup., Aug. Ep. 56 al.— Adv.: intensē, violently; comp.: intensius, Fronto de Fer. Als. 3 Mai.; Schol. Juv. 11, 15; sup.:

intensissime,

Aug. Mor. Eccl. 19.

rĕ-fĕro, rettŭli (also written retuli), rĕlātum (rēlātum or rellatum, Lucr. 2, 1001), rĕferre, v. a. irr., to bear, carry, bring, draw, or give back (very freq. and class.; cf.: reduco, reporto, retraho).

Lit.

Ingen.: zonas, quas plenas argenti extuli, eas ex provinciā inanes rettuli, C. Gracchus ap. Gell. 15, 12 fin.:

arma,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 25:

vasa domum,

id. Poen. 4, 2, 25; cf.:

pallam domum,

id. Men. 5, 7, 59; 4, 2, 97; 98; cf.:

anulum ad me,

id. Cas. 2, 1, 1;

and simply pallam, spinther,

id. Men. 3, 3, 16; 5, 1, 5; 5, 2, 56:

secum aurum,

id. Aul. 4, 5, 4:

exta,

id. Poen. 2, 44:

uvidum rete sine squamoso pecu,

id. Rud. 4, 3, 5:

aestus aliquem in portum refert,

id. As. 1, 3, 6:

Auster me ad tribulos tuos Rhegium rettulit,

Cic. Fam. 12, 25, 3: ut naves eodem, unde erant profectae, reterrentur, Caes. B. G. 4, 28:

me referunt pedes in Tusculanum,

Cic. Att. 15, 16, B; cf.:

aliquem lecticae impositum domum,

Suet. Caes. 82; and:

in Palatium,

id. Vit. 16: intro referre pedem, to turn one ' s feet back, to return, Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 50; cf.:

incertus tuum cave ad me rettuleris pedem,

id. Ep. 3, 4, 3:

caelo rettulit illa pedem,

Ov. H. 16, 88; 15, 186:

fertque refertque pedes,

id. F. 6, 334 (for a different use of the phrase, v. infra B. 2.):

in decimum vestigia rettulit annum (victoria),

Verg. A. 11, 290:

in convivia gressum,

Sil. 11, 355:

in thalamos cursum,

id. 8, 89:

ad nomen caput ille refert,

turns his head, looks back, Ov. M. 3, 245:

suumque Rettulit os in se,

drew back, concealed, id. ib. 2, 303:

ad Tuneta rursum castra refert,

Liv. 30, 16:

corpus in monumentum,

Petr. 113:

relatis Lacedaemona (ossibus),

Just. 3, 3, 12:

gemmam non ad os, sed ad genas,

Ov. Tr. 5, 4, 5: digitos ad os referre, to draw back (v. digitus), Quint. 11, 3, 103:

digitos ad frontem saepe,

Ov. M. 15, 567:

manum ad capulum,

Tac. A. 15, 58 fin.:

rursus enses vaginae,

Sil. 7, 508:

pecunias monumentaque, in templum,

Caes. B. C. 2, 21:

caput ejus in castra,

id. B. G. 5, 58:

vulneratos in locum tutum,

id. B. C. 2, 41:

cornua (urorum) in publicum,

id. B. G. 6, 28:

frumentum omne ad se referri jubet,

id. ib. 7, 71:

signa militaria, scutum, litteras ad Caesarem,

id. ib. 7, 88; id. B. C. 3, 53; 3, 99; id. B. G. 1, 29; 5, 49:

Caesaris capite relato,

id. B. C. 3, 19 fin. —

Esp.: referre se, to go back, return:

Romam se rettulit,

Cic. Fl. 21, 50:

sese in castra,

Caes. B. C. 1, 72 fin.:

se huc,

id. ib. 2, 8, 2:

domum me Ad porri catinum,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 115:

sese ab Argis (Juno),

Verg. A. 7, 286:

se ab aestu,

Ov. M. 14, 52; cf.:

se de Britannis ovans,

Tac. A. 13, 32:

causam Cleanthes offert, cur se sol referat,

Cic. N. D. 3, 14, 37.—

Pass. in mid. sense, to return, arrive:

sin reiciemur, tamen eodem paulo tardius referamur necesse est,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 119:

classem relatam,

Verg. A. 1, 390:

nunc Itali in tergum versis referuntur habenis,

Sil. 4, 317; 7, 623.—

To withdraw, remove:

fines benignitatis introrsus referre,

to narrow, Sen. Ben. 1, 14, 5:

Seleucia ab mari relata,

remote, Plin. 5, 27, 22, § 93. —

In partic.

To give back something due; to give up, return, restore, pay back, repay (= reddere):

scyphos, quos utendos dedi Philodamo, rettuleritne?

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 34; cf. id. Aul. 4, 10, 29; 37; 38;

and, pateram (surreptam),

Cic. Div. 1, 25, 54:

argentum,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 29; so (with reddere) id. Curc. 5, 3, 45:

mercedem (with reddere),

id. As. 2, 4, 35; cf.:

octonis idibus aera,

to pay the money for tuition. Hor. S. 1, 6, 75 (v. idus):

si non Rettuleris pannum,

id. Ep. 1, 17, 32; 1, 6, 60:

verum, si plus dederis, referam,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 112.—

Referre pedem or gradum, as a milit. t. t., to draw back, retire, withdraw, retreat (different from the gen. signif., to return, and the above passages):

vulneribus defessi pedem referre coeperunt,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25; cf.:

ut paulatim cedant ac pedem referant,

id. B. C. 2, 40; Liv. 7, 33; so,

referre pedem,

Caes. B. C. 1, 44 (with loco excedere); Cic. Phil. 12, 3 (opp. insistere); Liv. 3, 60 (opp. restituitur pugna);

21, 8 al.— For the sake of euphony: referre gradum: cum pedes referret gradum,

Liv. 1, 14. —

And, in a like sense, once mid.: a primā acie ad triarios sensim referebatur,

Liv. 8, 8, 11.—

Transf., out of the milit. sphere:

feroque viso retulit retro pedem (viator),

Phaedr. 2, 1, 8; cf.:

viso rettulit angue pedem,

Ov. F. 2, 342; 6, 334:

rettulit ille gradus horrueruntque comae,

id. ib. 2, 502:

(in judiciis) instare proficientibus et ab iis, quae non adjuvant, quam mollissime pedem oportet referre,

Quint. 6, 4, 19.

Trop., to bear or carry back, to bring, draw, or give back.

In gen.: (Saxum) ejulatu... Resonando mutum flebiles voces refert, Att. ap. Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 94 (Trag. Rel. p. 176 Rib.); cf. Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 14, § 42:

sonum,

id. N. D. 2, 57, 144; id. Or. 12, 38; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 201 al.:

voces,

Ov. M. 12, 47; cf.:

Coëamus rettulit Echo,

id. ib. 3, 387: cum ex CXXV. judicibus reus L. referret, restored to the list, i. e. retained, accepted (opp. quinque et LXX. reiceret), Cic. Planc. 17:

o mihi praeteritos referat si Juppiter annos!

Verg. A. 8, 560; cf.: tibi tempora, Hor. C. 4, 13, 13:

festas luces (sae culum),

id. ib. 4, 6, 42:

dies siccos (sol),

id. ib. 3, 29, 20 et saep.:

hoc quidem jam periit: Ni quid tibi hinc in spem referas,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 3:

ad amicam meras querimonias referre,

id. Truc. 1, 2, 65:

hic in suam domum ignominiam et calamitatem rettulit,

Cic. Off. 1, 39, 138; cf.:

pro re certā spem falsam domum rettulerunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 38, 110:

rem publicam sistere negat posse, nisi ad equestrem ordinem judicia referantur,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 96, § 223:

servati civis decus referre,

Tac. A. 3, 21:

e cursu populari referre aspectum in curiam,

to turn back, turn towards, Cic. Prov. Cons. 16, 38; cf.:

oculos animumque ad aliquem,

id. Quint. 14, 47:

animum ad studia,

id. de Or. 1, 1, 1:

animum ad veritatem,

id. Rosc. Am. 16, 48:

animum ad firmitudinem,

Tac. A. 3, 6 et saep.:

multa dies variique labor mutabilis aevi Rettulit in melius,

brought to a better state, Verg. A. 11, 426:

uterque se a scientiae delectatione ad efficiendi utilitatem refert,

Cic. Rep. 5, 3, 5; so,

se ad philosophiam referre,

to go back, return, id. Off. 2, 1, 4:

ut eo, unde digressa est, referat se oratio,

id. ib. 2, 22, 77.—

In partic.

(Acc. to I. B. 1.) To pay back, give back, repay (syn. reddo):

denique Par pari referto,

Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 55; cf.:

quod ab ipso adlatum est, id sibi esse relatum putet,

id. Phorm. prol. 21:

ut puto, non poteris ipsa referre vicem,

pay him back in his own coin, Ov. A. A. 1, 370; Sen. Herc. Fur. 1337. — Esp. in the phrase referre gratiam (rarely gratias), to return thanks, show one ' s gratitude (by deeds), to recompense, requite (cf.:

gratiam habeo): spero ego mihi quoque Tempus tale eventurum, ut tibi gratium referam parem,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 39:

parem gratiam,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 51:

et habetur et refertur, Thais, a me ita, uti merita es, gratia,

id. ib. 4, 6, 12; cf.:

meritam gratiam debitamque,

Cic. de Or. 3, 4, 14:

justam ac debitam gratiam,

id. Balb. 26, 59:

pro eo mihi ac mereor relaturos esse gratiam,

id. Cat. 4, 2, 3; 1, 11, 28; id. Off. 2, 20, 69:

fecisti ut tibi numquam referre gratiam possim,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 12; id. Most. 1, 3, 57; id. Pers. 5, 2, 71; id. Ps. 1, 3, 86; id. Rud. 5, 3, 36 al.; Cic. Lael. 15, 53; Caes. B. G. 1, 35:

alicui pro ejus meritis gratiam referre,

id. ib. 5, 27 fin.; id. B. C. 2, 39; 3, 1, fin.:

gratiam emeritis,

Ov. P. 1, 7, 61:

gratiam factis,

id. Tr. 5, 4, 47.— Plur.:

pro tantis eorum in rem publicam meritis honores ei habeantur gratiaeque referantur,

Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 39; 10, 11, 1:

dis advenientem gratias pro meritis agere,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 27; v. gratia.—

To bring back any thing; to repeat, renew, restore, = repetere, retractare, renovare, etc.:

(Hecyram) Iterum referre,

to produce it again, Ter. Hec. prol. 7; id. ib. prol. alt. 21 and 30; cf. Hor. A. P. 179.— So, to bring up for reconsideration:

rem judicatam,

Cic. Dom. 29, 78:

ludunt... Dictaeos referunt Curetas,

Lucr. 2, 633:

Actia pugna per pueros refertur,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 62: institutum referri ac renovari, Civ. Div. in Caecil. 21, 68; cf.:

consuetudo longo intervallo repetita ac relata,

id. ib. 21, 67:

te illud idem, quod tum explosum et ejectum est, nunc rettulisse demiror,

Cic. Clu. 31, 86:

cum ad idem, unde semel profecta sunt, cuncta astra redierint eandemque totius caeli descriptionem longis intervallis retulerint,

id. Rep. 6, 22, 24:

mysteria ad quae biduo serius veneram,

id. de Or. 3, 20, 75:

quasdam caerimonias ex magno intervallo,

Liv. 3, 55:

antiquum morem,

Suet. Caes. 20:

consuetudinem antiquam,

id. Tib. 32 et saep.:

cum aditus consul idem illud responsum rettulit,

repeated, Liv. 37, 6 fin.:

veterem Valeriae gentis in liberandā patriā laudem,

to restore, Cic. Fl. 1, 1:

hunc morem, hos casus atque haec certamina primus Ascanius Rettulit,

Verg. A. 5, 598:

O mihi praeteritos referat si Juppiter annos,

id. ib. 8, 560.—

To represent, set forth anew, reproduce, etc.:

referre Naturam, mores, victum motusque parentum,

to reproduce, Lucr. 1, 597:

majorum vultus vocesque comasque,

id. 4, 1221:

mores, os vultusque ejus (sc. patris),

Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 9:

parentis sui speciem,

Liv. 10, 7; cf.:

(Tellus) partim figuras Rettulit antiquas, partim nova monstra creavit,

Ov. M. 1, 437:

faciem demptā pelle novam,

Tib. 1, 8, 46:

temporis illius vultum,

Ov. M. 13, 443: si quis mihi parvulus aulā Luderet Aeneas, qui te tamen ore [p. 1545] referret, might represent, resemble thee, Verg. A. 4, 329; cf.:

nomine avum referens, animo manibusque parentem,

id. ib. 12, 348:

Marsigni sermone vultuque Suevos referunt,

Tac. G. 43:

neque amissos colores lana refert,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 28.—

To convey a report, account, intelligence, by speech or by writing; to report, announce, relate, recite, repeat, recount; to mention, allege (class.;

in late Lat. saepissime): certorum hominum sermones referebantur ad me,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10 Orell. N. cr.:

tales miserrima fletus Fertque refertque soror (sc. ad Aeneam),

Verg. A. 4, 438:

pugnam referunt,

Ov. M. 12, 160:

factum dictumve,

Liv. 6, 40:

si quis hoc referat exemplum,

Quint. 5, 11, 8:

in epistulis Cicero haec Bruti refert verba,

id. 6, 3, 20:

quale refert Cicero de homine praelongo, caput eum, etc.,

id. 6, 3, 67 et saep.:

quaecunque refers,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 60; 2, 1, 130:

sermones deorum,

id. C. 3, 3, 71:

multum referens de Maecenate,

Juv. 1, 66. —With obj.-clause, Suet. Caes. 30; Ov. M. 1, 700; 4, 796:

Celso gaudere et bene rem gerere refer,

Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 2 al.; cf. poet. by Greek attraction:

quia rettulit Ajax Esse Jovis pronepos,

Ov. M. 13, 141; and:

referre aliquid in annales,

Liv. 4, 34 fin., and 43, 13, 2:

ut Proetum mulier perfida credulum Falsis impulerit criminibus, refert,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 16.— Absol.:

quantum, inquam, debetis? Respondent CVI. Refero ad Scaptium,

I report, announce it to Scaptius, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 12:

in quo primum saepe aliter est dictum, aliter ad nos relatum,

reported, stated, id. Brut. 57, 288:

(Hortensius) nullo referente, omnia adversariorum dicta meminisset,

id. ib. 88, 301:

abi, quaere, et refer,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 53. —

Poet. (mostly in Ovid), to repeat to one ' s self, call to mind:

tacitāque recentia mente Visa refert,

Ov. M. 15, 27:

si forte refers,

id. Am. 2, 8, 17:

haec refer,

id. R. Am. 308:

saepe refer tecum sceleratae facta puellae,

id. ib. 299:

mente memor refero,

id. M. 15, 451:

foeda Lycaoniae referens convivia mensae,

id. ib. 1, 165; cf.:

illam meminitque refertque,

id. ib. 11, 563.—

Pregn., to say in return, to rejoin, answer, reply (syn. respondeo):

id me non ad meam defensionem attulisse, sed illorum defensioni rettulisse,

Cic. Caecin. 29, 85:

ego tibi refero,

I reply to you, id. ib. 29, 85, §

84: ut si esset dictum, etc., et referret aliquis Ergo, etc.,

id. Fat. 13, 30:

quid a nobis autem refertur,

id. Quint. 13, 44: retices;

nec mutua nostris Dicta refers,

Ov. M. 1, 656; 14, 696:

Musa refert,

id. ib. 5, 337; id. F. 5, 278:

Anna refert,

Verg. A. 4, 31:

talia voce,

id. ib. 1, 94:

pectore voces,

id. ib. 5, 409:

tandem pauca refert,

id. ib. 4, 333 et saep. —

Publicists' t. t.

To bring, convey, deliver any thing as an official report, to report, announce, notify, = renuntiare:

legati haec se ad suos relaturos dixerunt,

Caes. B. G. 4, 9; cf.:

cujus orationem legati domum referunt,

id. B. C. 1, 35: responsa (legati), Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 380, 31:

legationem Romam,

Liv. 7, 32:

mandata ad aliquem,

Caes. B. C. 3, 57:

responsa,

id. B. G. 1, 35; cf.:

mandata alicui,

id. ib. 1, 37:

numerum capitum ad aliquem,

id. ib. 2, 33 fin.:

rumores excipere et ad aliquem referre,

Cic. Deiot. 9, 25; cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 47:

Ubii paucis diebus intermissis referunt, Suevos omnes, etc.,

id. ib. 6, 10; Liv. 3, 38, 12.—

Ad senatum de aliquā re referre (less freq with acc., a rel.-clause, or absol.), to make a motion or proposition in the Senate; to consult, refer to, or lay before the Senate; to move, bring forward, propose: VTI L. PAVLVS C. MARCELLVS COSS... DE CONSVLARIBVS PROVINCIIS AD SENATVM REFERRENT, NEVE QVID PRIVS... AD SENATVM REFERRENT, NEVE QVID CONIVNCTVM DE EA RE REFERRETVR A CONSVLIBVS, S. C. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 5 sq.: de legibus abrogandis ad senatum referre. Cic. Cornel. 1, Fragm. 8 (p. 448 Orell.); cf.:

de quo legando consules spero ad senatum relaturos,

id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:

de ejus honore ad senatum referre,

id. Phil. 8, 11, 33:

de eā re postulant uti referatur. Itaque consulente Cicerone frequens senatus decernit, etc.,

Sall. C. 48, 5, 6:

rem ad senatum refert,

id. ib. 29, 1; cf.:

tunc relata ex integro res ad senatum,

Liv. 21, 5:

rem ad senatum,

id. 2, 22:

consul convocato senatu refert, quid de his fieri placeat, qui, etc.,

Sall. C. 50, 3: ut ex litteris ad senatum referretur, impetrari (a consulibus) non potuit. Referunt consules de re publicā, Caes. B. C. 1, 1; cf.:

refer, inquis, ad senatum. Non referam,

Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 20.—

Of other bodies than the Senate (cf.: defero, fero): C. Cassium censorem de signo Concordiae dedicando ad pontificum collegium rettulisse,

Cic. Dom. 53, 136: eam rem ad consilium cum rettulisset Fabius. Liv. 24, 45, 2; 30, 4, 9:

est quod referam ad consilium,

id. 30, 31, 9; 44, 2, 5; Curt. 4, 11, 10.— Per syllepsin: DE EA RE AD SENATVM POPVLVMQVE REFERRI, since referre ad populum was not used in this sense (for ferre ad populum); v. fero, and the foll. g:

de hoc (sc. Eumene) Antigonus ad consilium rettulit,

Nep. Eum. 12, 1.— Transf., to make a reference, to refer (class.): de rebus et obscuris et incertis ad Apollinem censeo referendum;

ad quem etiam Athenienses publice de majoribus rebus semper rettulerunt,

Cic. Div. 1, 54, 122; cf. Nep. Lys. 3; Cic. Quint. 16, 53.— Different from this is, *

Referre ad populum (for denuo ferre), to propose or refer any thing anew to the people (cf. supra, II. B. 2.;

v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 1006): factum est illorum aequitate et sapientiā consulum, ut id, quod senatus decreverat, id postea referendum ad populum non arbitrarentur,

Cic. Clu. 49, 137; cf. Att. ap. Non. p. 512, 29; Liv. 22, 20; Val. Max. 8, 10, 1.—

A mercantile and publicists' t. t., to note down, enter any thing in writing; to inscribe, register, record, etc.:

cum scirem, ita indicium in tabulas publicas relatum,

Cic. Sull. 15, 42:

in tabulas quodcumque commodum est,

id. Fl. 9, 20:

nomen in tabulas, in codicem,

id. Rosc. Com. 1, 4:

quod reliquum in commentarium,

id. Att. 7, 3, 7:

quid in libellum,

id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:

tuas epistulas in volumina,

i. e. to admit, id. Fam. 16, 17 init.; cf.:

orationem in Origines,

id. Brut. 23, 89 al.:

in reos, in proscriptos referri,

to be set down among, id. Rosc. Am. 10, 27:

absentem in reos,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 42, § 109; cf.:

aliquem inter proscriptos,

Suet. Aug. 70:

anulos quoque depositos a nobilitate, in annales relatum est,

Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 18:

senatūs consulta falsa (sc. in aerarium),

enter, register, Cic. Fam. 12, 1, 1; id. Phil. 5, 4, 12. —Entirely absol.:

ut nec triumviri accipiundo nec scribae referundo sufficerent,

Liv. 26, 36 fin. —Here, too, belongs referre rationes or aliquid (in rationibus, ad aerarium, ad aliquem, alicui), to give, present, or render an account:

rationes totidem verbis referre ad aerarium,

Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 2;

and rationes referre alone: in rationibus referendis... rationum referendarum jus, etc.,

id. ib. 5, 20, 1; id. Pis. 25, 61; id. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 77; 2, 3, 71, § 167:

referre rationes publicas ad Caesarem cum fide,

Caes. B. C. 2, 20 fin.:

si hanc ex fenore pecuniam populo non rettuleris, reddas societati,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 167:

(pecuniam) in aerarium,

Liv. 37, 57, 12; cf.: pecuniam operi publico, to charge to, i. e. to set down as applied to, Cic. Fl. 19, 44.— So, too, acceptum and in acceptum referre, to place to one ' s credit, in a lit. and trop. sense (v. accipio).— Hence, transf.: aliquem (aliquid) in numero (as above, in rationibus), in numerum, etc., to count or reckon a person or thing among:

Democritus, qui imagines eorumque circuitus in deorum numero refert,

Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29:

(Caesar, Claudius) in deorum numerum relatus est,

Suet. Caes. 88; id. Claud. 45:

Ponticus Heraclides terram et caelum refert in deos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 13, 34:

nostri oratorii libri in Eundem librorum numerum referendi videntur,

id. Div. 2, 1, 4: hoc nomen in codicem relatum, id. Rosc. Com. B. and K. (al. in codice).—With inter (postAug. and freq.):

ut inter deos referretur (August.),

Suet. Aug. 97:

diem inter festos, nefastos,

Tac. A. 13, 41 fin.:

hi tamen inter Germanos referuntur,

id. G. 46; Suet. Claud. 11; id. Tib. 53:

dumque refert inter meritorum maxima, demptos Aesonis esse situs,

Ov. M. 7, 302:

intellectum est, quod inter divos quoque referretur,

Lampr. Alex. Sev. 14:

inter sidera referre,

Hyg. Fab. 192:

inter praecipua crudelitatis indicia referendus,

Val. Max. 9, 2, ext. 5:

inter insulas,

Plin. 5, 9, 9, § 48:

dicebat quasdam esse quaestiones, quae deberent inter res judicatas referri,

Sen. Contr. 2, 11, 12:

eodem Q. Caepionem referrem,

I should place in the same category, Cic. Brut. 62, 223.—

Referre aliquid ad aliquid, to trace back, ascribe, refer a thing to any thing:

qui pecudum ritu ad voluptatem omnia referunt,

Cic. Lael. 9, 32:

omnia ad igneam vim,

id. N. D. 3, 14, 35:

omnia ad incolumitatem et ad libertatem suam,

id. Rep. 1, 32, 49; 1, 26, 41:

in historiā quaeque ad veritatem, in poëmate pleraque ad delectationem,

id. Leg. 1, 1, 5; id. Off. 1, 16, 52 et saep. al.:

hunc ipsum finem definiebas id esse, quo omnia, quae recte fierent, referrentur, neque id ipsum usquam referretur,

id. Fin. 2, 2, 5; cf.

nusquam,

id. ib. 1, 9, 29:

ad commonendum oratorem, quo quidque referat,

id. de Or. 1, 32, 145:

hinc omne principium, huc refer exitum,

Hor. C. 3, 6, 6.— With dat.:

cujus adversa pravitati ipsius, prospera ad fortunam referebat,

Tac. A. 14, 38 fin. — In Tac. once with in:

quidquid ubique magnificum est, in claritatem ejus (sc. Herculis) referre consensimus,

Tac. G. 34.—Rarely of persons;

as: tuum est Caesar, quid nunc mihi animi sit, ad te ipsum referre,

Cic. Deiot. 2, 7.— Absol.: ita inserere oportet referentem ad fructum, meliore genere ut sit surculus, etc., one who looks to or cares for the fruit, Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 6.—

Culpam in aliquem referre, to throw the blame upon, accuse, hold responsible for, etc. (post-Aug.):

hic, quod in adversis rebis solet fieri, alius in alium culpam referebant,

Curt. 4, 3, 7; Aug. contr. Man. 2, 17, 25 Hier. Epp. 1, 9 fin.: cf.:

augere ejus, in quem referet crimen, culpam,

Cic. Inv. 2, 28, 83:

causa ad matrem referebatur,

Tac. A. 6, 49:

causam abscessus ad Sejani artes,

id. ib. 4, 57.

sisto, stĭti (Charis. p. 220, and Diom. p. 369, give steti for both sisto and sto, confining stiti to the compounds of both. But steti, as perfect of sisto, is late jurid. Lat., and perh. dub.;

for steterant,

Verg. A. 3, 110;

steterint,

id. ib. 3, 403; Liv. 8, 32, 12, belong to stare; cf. also Gell. 2, 14, 1 sqq.; and v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 461 sq.), stătum [root stă, strengthened by reduplication; cf. histêmi], used in two general senses, I. To cause to stand, place, = colloco, pono; II. To stand, be placed, = sto.

Sistere, in gen., = collocare (in class. prose only in the partic. uses, v. A. 4. C. and D., infra).

Causative, with acc.

To place = facere ut stet; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with ad, super, etc., and acc.:

O qui me gelidis in vallibus Haemi Sistat,

Verg. G. 2, 489:

tertia lux classem Cretaeis sistet in oris,

id. A. 3, 117 (classis stat;

v. sto): inque tuo celerem litore siste gradum,

Ov. H. 13, 102 (cf. infra, III. 2. A.):

jaculum clamanti (al. clamantis) sistit in ore,

plants the dart in his face, Verg. A. 10, 323:

disponit quas in fronte manus, medio quas robore sistat,

Stat. Th. 7, 393:

(equum ligneum) sacratā sistimus arā,

Verg. A. 2, 245:

aeternis potius me pruinis siste,

Stat. Th. 4, 395: ut stata (est) lux pelago, as soon as light was set ( shone) on the sea, id. ib. 5, 476:

victima Sistitur ante aras,

Ov. M. 15, 132:

quam (suem) Aeneas ubi... sistit ad aram,

Verg. A. 8, 85:

post haec Sistitur crater,

Ov. M. 8, 669: vestigia in altero (monte) sisti (non posse), that no footprints can be placed ( made) on the other mountain, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211:

cohortes expeditas super caput hostium sistit,

Tac. H. 3, 77; cf. id. A. 12, 13; Stat. Th. 4, 445; Sil. 4, 612. —

To place, as the result of guidance or conveyance; hence, to convey, to send, lead, take, conduct to, = facere ut veniat; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with advv. of place: officio meo ripā sistetur in illā Haec, will be carried by me to, etc., Ov. M. 9, 109:

terrā sistēre petitā,

id. ib. 3, 635:

(vos) facili jam tramite sistam,

Verg. A. 6, 676:

ut eum in Syriā aut Aegypto sisterent orabat,

to convey him to, Tac. H. 2, 9.—So with hic (= in with abl.) or huc (= in with acc.):

hic siste patrem,

Sen. Phoen. 121:

Annam huc siste sororem,

Verg. A. 4, 634.—

To place an army in order of battle, draw up, = instruere:

aciem in litore sistit,

Verg. A. 10, 309; cf.:

sistere tertiam decimam legionem in ipso aggere jubet,

Tac. H. 3, 21.—

Se sistere = to betake one's self, to present one's self, to come (so twice in Cicero's letters):

des operam, id quod mihi affirmasti, ut te ante Kal. Jan., ubicumque erimus, sistas,

Cic. Att. 3, 25:

te vegetum nobis in Graeciā sistas,

id. ib. 10, 16, 6 (cf. infra, E.):

hic dea se primum rapido pulcherrima nisu Sistit,

Verg. A. 11, 853.—

With two acc. (cf.: praesto, reddo) = to cause to be in a certain condition, to place, etc.; often with dat. of interest (ante- and post-class., and poet.; cf.

supra, 4.): ego vos salvos sistam,

I will place you in safety, see you to a safe place, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 5:

omnia salva sistentur tibi,

all will be returned to you in good order, id. ib. 5, 3, 3; so,

suam rem sibi salvam sistam,

id. Poen. 5, 2, 123; cf.:

rectius tacitas tibi res sistam, quam quod dictum est mutae mulieri,

will keep your secrets, id. ib. 4, 2, 54:

neque (dotem) incolumem sistere illi, et detraxe autument,

that you deliver it entire to her, id. Trin. 3, 3, 15:

cum te reducem aetas prospera sistet,

Cat. 64, 238: tu modo servitio vacuum me siste (= praesta) superbo, set me free from, Prop. 4, 16 (3, 17), 42:

tutum patrio te limine sistam,

will see you safe home, Verg. A. 2, 620:

praedā onustos triumphantesque mecum domos reduces sistatis,

Liv. 29, 27, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:

Pelasgis siste levem campum,

Stat. Th. 8, 328:

modo se isdem in terris victorem sisterent,

Tac. A. 2, 14:

operā tuā sistas hunc nobis sanum atque validum,

give him back to us, safe and sound, Gell. 18, 10, 7: ita mihi salvam ac sospitem rempublicam sistere in suā sede liceat, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 28.—

Neutr, with double nom., = exsistere, to be, to become: judex extremae sistet vitaeque necisque, he will become a judge, etc., Manil. 4, 548 (dub.):

tempora quod sistant propriis parentia signis,

id. 3, 529 (dub.; al. sic stant; cf. infra, II.).—

As neuter verb, to stand, rest, be placed, lie ( poet.);

constr. like sto: ne quis mihi obstiterit obviam, nam qui obstiterit, ore sistet,

will lie on his face, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 13 Brix ad loc.: (nemo sit) tantā gloriā... quin cadat, quin capite sistat, will be placed or stand on his head, id. Curc. 2, 3, 8:

ibi crebro, credo, capite sistebant cadi,

id. Mil. 3, 2, 36 Lorenz (Brix, hoc illi crebro capite):

ipsum si quicquam posse in se sistere credis,

to rest upon itself, Lucr. 1, 1057:

neque posse in terrā sistere terram,

nor can the earth rest upon itself, id. 2, 603:

at conlectus aquae... qui lapides inter sistit per strata viarum,

id. 4, 415:

incerti quo fata ferant, ubi sistere detur,

to rest, to stay, Verg. A. 3, 7; cf.:

quaesitisque diu terris, ubi sistere detur,

Ov. M. 1, 307. —

As jurid. term.

In both a causative and neuter sense = to produce in court, or to appear in court after being bound over by the judge or by promise to the adversary (vadimonium); constr. either absol. or with the dat. of the adversary to whom the promise is made (alicui sisti), to appear upon somebody's demand; also, in judicio sisti. The present active is either used reflexively (se sistere = to appear), or with a transitive object (sistere aliquem = to produce in court one in whose behalf the promise has been made). The present passive, sisti, sistendus, sistitur, = to appear or to be produced. The perfect act., stiti, stitisse, rarely the perfect passive, status sum, = to have appeared, I appeared. So in all periods of the language:

cum autem in jus vocatus fuerit adversarius, ni eo die finitum fuerit negotium, vadimonium ei faciendum est, id est ut promittat se certo die sisti,

Gai. 4, 184:

fit ut Alfenus promittat, Naevio sisti Quinctium,

that Quinctius would be forthcoming upon Naevius's complaint, Cic. Quint. 21, 67; cf. id. ib. 8, 30 (v. infra, B.):

testificatur, P. Quinctium non stitisse, et se stitisse,

id. ib. 6, 25:

quin puellam sistendam promittat (= fore ut puella sistatur in judicio),

Liv. 3, 45, 3:

interrogavit quisquam, in quem diem locumque vadimonium promitti juberet, et Scipio manum ad ipsam oppidi, quod obsidebatur, arcem protendens: Perendie sese sistant illo in loco,

Gell. 7, 1, 10:

si quis quendam in judicio sisti promiserit, in eādem causā eum debet sistere,

Dig. 2, 11, 11:

si servum in eādem causā sistere promiserit, et liber factus sistatur,... non recte sistitur,

ib. 2, 9, 5:

sed si statu liberum sisti promissum sit, in eādem causā sisti videtur, quamvis liber sistatur,

ib. 2, 9, 6:

cum quis in judicio sisti promiserit, neque adjecerit poenam si status non esset,

ib. 2, 6, 4:

si quis in judicio secundum suam promissionem non stitit,

ib. 2, 11, 2, § 1; cf. ib. 2, 5, 1; 2, 8, 2; 2, 11, 2, § 3.—

Vadimonium sistere, to present one's self in court, thus keeping the solemn engagement (vadimonium) made to that effect; lit., to make the vadimonium stand, i. e. effective, opp. deserere vadimonium = not to appear, to forfeit the vadimonium. The phrase does not occur in the jurists of the Pandects, the institution of the vadimonium being abolished by Marcus Aurelius. It is found in the following three places only: quid si vadimonium capite obvoluto stitisses? Cat. ap. Gell. 2, 14, 1: ut Quinctium sisti Alfenus promitteret. Venit Romam Quinctius;

vadimonium sistit,

Cic. Quint. 8, 30:

ut nullum illa stiterit vadimonium sine Attico,

Nep. Att. 9; Gai. 4, 185; cf. diem sistere under status, P. a. infra.—

Transf., out of judicial usage, in gen., = to appear or present one's self, quasi ex vadimonio; constr. absol. or with dat. of the person entitled to demand the appearance:

ubi tu es qui me vadatus's Veneriis vadimoniis? Sisto ego tibi me, et mihi contra itidem ted ut sistas suadeo (of a lover's appointment),

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 5; so,

tibi amatorem illum alacrem vadimonio sistam,

produce, App. M. 9, p. 227, 14:

nam promisimus carnufici aut talentum magnum, aut hunc hodie sistere,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 73:

vas factus est alter ejus sistendi, ut si ille non revertisset, moriendum esset sibi,

Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45. —

Fana sistere, acc. to Festus anciently used, either = to place ( secure and fix places for) temples in founding a city, or to place the couches in the lectisternia:

sistere fana, cum in urbe condendā dicitur, significat loca in oppido futurorum fanorum constituere: quamquam Antistius Labeo, in commentario XV. juris pontificii ait fana sistere esse lectisternia certis locis et diebus habere,

Fest. p. 267 Lind. To this usage Plaut. perh. alludes:

apud illas aedis sistendae mihi sunt sycophantiae,

the place about that house I must make the scene of my tricks, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 25.—

Sistere monumenta, etc., or sistere alone, to erect statues, etc. (= statuere; post-class. and rare;

mostly in Tac.): ut apud Palatium effigies eorum sisteret,

Tac. A. 15, 72:

cum Augustus sibi templum sisti non prohibuisset,

id. ib. 4 37:

at Romae tropaea de Parthis arcusque sistebantur,

id. ib. 15, 18:

monuere ut... templum iisdem vestigiis sisteretur,

id. H. 4, 53:

sistere monumenta,

Aus. Ep. 24, 55: Ast ego te... Carthaginis arce Marmoreis sistam templis (cf. histanai tina), Sil. 8, 231; v. statuo.

Sistere = to cause what is tottering or loose to stand firm, to support or fasten; and neutr., to stand firm.

Causative (rare;

perh. not in class. prose) = stabilire: sucus... mobilis (dentes) sistit,

Plin. 20, 3, 8, § 15; and trop.: hic (Marcellus) rem Romanam magno turbante tumultu Sistet (cf.: respublica stat;

v. sto),

Verg. A. 6, 858; cf.:

non ita civitatem aegram esse, ut consuetis remediis sisti posset,

Liv. 3, 20, 8 (where sisti may be impers.; v. infra, III. C.).—

Neutr., to stand firm, to last, = stare:

nec mortale genus, nec divum corpora sancta Exiguom possent horai sistere tempus,

Lucr. 1, 1016: qui rem publicam sistere negat posse, nisi ad equestrem ordinem judicia referantur, Cotta ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 96, § 223.—

Neutr., to stand firm, to resist:

nec quicquam Teucros Sustentare valet telis, aut sistere contra,

Verg. A. 11, 873; so with dat. = resistere:

donec Galba, inruenti turbae neque aetate neque corpore sistens, sella levaretur,

Tac. H. 1, 35; cf. sisti = resistere, III. B. 1. f. infra.

Sistere = to stand still, and to cause to stand still.

Neutr. = stare (rare; in Varr., Tac., and the poets).

To stand still:

solstitium dictum est quod sol eo die sistere videatur,

Varr. L. L. 5, p. 53 (Bip.):

sistunt amnes,

Verg. G. 1, 479:

incurrit, errat, sistit,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 248.—

To remain, stop:

Siste! Quo praeceps ruis?

Sen. Thyest. 77; id. Oedip. 1050:

vis tu quidem istum intra locum sistere?

will you remain in that position? Tac. A. 4, 40.—

Trop., to stop, not to go any farther:

depunge, ubi sistam,

Pers. 6, 79:

nec in Hectore tracto sistere,

to stop at the dragging of Hector, Stat. Achill. 1, 7.—

To cease (dub.):

hactenus sistat nefas' pius est,

if his crime ceases here, he will be pious, Sen. Thyest. 744 (perh. act., to stop, end).—

Causative (not ante-Aug.; freq. in Tac., Plin., and the poets).

To arrest, stop, check an advancing motion.

With gradum:

plano sistit uterque gradum,

arrest their steps, Prop. 5 (4), 10, 36; Verg. A. 6, 465:

siste properantem gradum,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 772:

repente sistunt gradum,

Curt. 4, 6, 14. —With pedem, Ov. R. Am. 80.—

With fugam, to stop, stay, check, stem, arrest the flight:

fugam foedam siste,

Liv. 1, 12, 5:

si periculo suo fugam sistere posset,

id. 30, 12, 1; so Curt. 8, 14, 37; 4, 16, 2; 8, 3, 2; Tac. A. 12, 39.—

Of vehicles, horses, etc.:

esseda siste,

Prop. 2, 1, 76:

equos,

Verg. A. 12, 355:

quadrijugos,

Stat. Achill. 2, 429; so id. Th. 5, 364.—

With iter, to arrest the advance of an army, to halt:

exercitus iter sistit,

Tac. H. 3, 50.—

With bellum, to halt (cf. infra, D.):

Aquilejae sisti bellum expectarique Mucianum jubebat,

Tac. H. 3, [p. 1712] 8.—

Of living objects, in gen.

To arrest their course, make them halt:

aegre coercitam legionem Bedriaci sistit,

Tac. H. 2, 23:

festinantia sistens Fata,

staying the hurrying Fates, Stat. S. 3, 4, 24.—So, se sistere with ab, to desist from:

non prius se ab effuso cursu sistunt,

Liv. 6, 29, 3; hence, to arrest by wounding, i. e. to wound or kill:

aliquem cuspide,

Sil. 1, 382; 1, 163; so,

cervum vulnere sistere,

id. 2, 78.—

To stop a hostile attack of persons, to resist them, ward them off:

ut non sisterent modo Sabinas legiones, sed in fugam averterent,

Liv. 1, 37, 3:

ibi integrae vires sistunt invehentem se jam Samnitem,

id. 10, 14, 18:

nec sisti vis hostium poterat,

Curt. 5, 3, 11:

nec sisti poterant scandentes,

Tac. H. 3, 71; 5, 21. —

Trop., to stop the advance of prices:

pretia augeri in dies, nec mediocribus remediis sisti posse,

Tac. A. 3, 52.—

To arrest the motion of fluids.

Of water:

sistere aquam fluviis,

Verg. A. 4, 489:

amnis, siste parumper aquas,

Ov. Am. 3, 6, 2:

quae concita flumina sistunt,

id. M. 7, 154:

sistito infestum mare,

calm, Sen. Agam. 523; cf. Ov. M. 7, 200; id. H. 6, 87; Plin. 28, 8, 29, § 118.—

Of blood and secretions:

(ea) quibus sistitur sanguis parari jubet,

Tac. A. 15, 54:

sanguinem,

Plin. 20, 7, 25, § 59; 28, 18, 73, § 239; 27, 4, 5, § 18:

haemorrhoidum abundantiam,

id. 27, 4, 5, § 19:

fluctiones,

id. 20, 8, 27, § 71, 34, 10, 23, § 105; 35, 17, 57, § 195:

nomas,

id. 30, 13, 39, § 116; 24, 16, 94, § 151:

mensis,

id. 23, 6, 60, § 112:

vomitiones,

id. 20, 20, 81, § 213:

alvum bubus,

id. 18, 16, 42, § 143:

alvum,

stop the bowels, id. 23, 6, 60, § 113; 22, 25, 59, § 126; 20, 5, 18, § 37:

ventrem,

id. 20, 23, 96, § 256; Mart. 13, 116.—

To arrest the motion of life, make rigid:

ille oculos sistit,

Stat. Th. 2, 539.—

To end, put an end to (= finem facere alicui rei); pass., to cease:

querelas,

Ov. M. 7, 711:

fletus,

id. ib. 14, 835:

lacrimas,

id. F. 1, 367; 480; 6, 154:

minas,

id. Tr. 1, 2, 60:

opus,

id. H. 16 (17), 266; id. M. 3, 153:

labores,

id. ib. 5, 490:

furorem,

Stat. Th. 5, 663:

furialem impetum,

Sen. Med. 157; id. Agam. 203:

pace tamen sisti bellum placet,

Ov. M. 14, 803:

antequam summa dies spectacula sistat,

id. F. 4, 387:

sitim sistere,

to allay, id. P. 3, 1, 18:

nec primo in limine sistit conatus scelerum,

suppresses, Stat. S. 5, 2, 86:

ruinas,

to stop destruction, Plin. Pan. 50, 4:

ventum,

to ward off, turn the wind, id. Ep. 2, 17, 17;

(motus terrae) non ante quadraginta dies sistuntur, = desinunt,

Plin. 2, 82, 84, § 198.—

Sistere with intra = to confine, keep within:

transgresso jam Alpes Caecina, quem sisti intra Gallias posse speraverant,

Tac. H. 2, 11:

dum populatio lucem intra sisteretur,

provided the raids were confined to day-time, id. A. 4, 48. —

Impers. and trop., to arrest or avoid an impending misfortune, or to stand, i. e. to endure; generally in the form sisti non potest (more rarely: sisti potest) = it cannot be endured, a disaster cannot be avoided or met (once in Plaut.; freq. in Liv.; sometimes in Tac.; cf., in gen., Brix ad Plaut. Trin. 720; Drak. ad Liv. 3, 16, 4; Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 29, 8; Gronov. ad Liv. 4, 12, 6; Beneke ad Just. 11, 1, 6).

Without a subject, res or a noun of general import being understood:

quid ego nunc agam, nisi ut clipeum ad dorsum accommodem, etc.? Non sisti potest,

it is intolerable, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 94:

totam plebem aere alieno demersam esse, nec sisti posse nisi omnibus consulatur,

Liv. 2, 29, 8:

si domestica seditio adiciatur, sisti non posse,

the situation will be desperate, id. 45, 19, 3:

si quem similem priore anno dedissent, non potuisse sisti,

id. 3, 9, 8:

vixque concordiā sisti videbatur,

that the crisis could scarcely be met, even by harmonious action, id. 3, 16, 4:

qualicunque urbis statu, manente disciplinā militari sisti potuisse,

these evils were endurable, id. 2, 44, 10: exercitum gravi morbo affectari, nec sisti potuisse ni, etc., it would have ended in disaster, if not, etc., id. 29, 10, 1:

qui omnes populi si pariter deficiant, sisti nullo modo posse,

Just. 11, 1, 6 Gronov. ad loc.; cf. Liv. 3, 20, 8 supra, II. A. 1.— Rarely with a subject-clause understood: nec jam sisti poterat, and it was no longer tolerable, i. e. that Nero should disgrace himself, etc., Tac. A. 14, 14.—

Rarely with quin, to prevent etc. (pregn., implying also the stopping of something; cf.

supra, III. B. 1.): neque sisti potuit quin et palatium et domus et cuncta circum haurirentur (igni),

Tac. A. 15, 39.—Hence, stătus, a, um, P. a., as attribute of nouns, occurs in several conventional phrases, as relics of archaic usage.

Status (condictusve) dies cum hoste, in the XII. Tables, = a day of trial fixed by the judge or agreed upon with the adversary;

esp., a peregrinus (= hostis),

Cic. Off. 1, 12, 37. It presupposes a phrase, diem sistere, prob.=vadimonium sistere (v. supra, I. C. 2.). Such an appointment was an excuse from the most important public duties, even for soldiers from joining the army, Cinc. ap. Gell. 16, 4, 4.—

Hence, transf.: si status condictus cum hoste intercedit dies, tamen est eundum quo imperant,

i. e. under all circumstances we must go, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 5.—

In certain phrases, appointed, fixed, regular (cf. statutus, with which it is often confounded in MSS.):

status dies: tres in anno statos dies habere quibus, etc.,

Liv. 39, 13, 8:

stato loco statisque diebus,

id. 42, 32, 2; so id. 5, 52, 2; 27, 23 fin.:

stato lustri die,

Sen. Troad. 781:

status sacrificii dies,

Flor. 1, 3, 16:

statum tempus, statā vice, etc.: lunae defectio statis temporibus fit,

Liv. 44, 37 init.; so id. 28, 6, 10:

stato tempore,

Tac. A. 12, 13; id. H. 4, 81; Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 173:

stata tempora (partus),

Stat. Achill. 2, 673:

adeo in illā plagā mundus statas vices temporum mutat,

Curt. 8, 19, 13; so id. 9, 9, 9; 5, 1, 23; so, feriae, etc.: feriae statae appellabantur quod certo statutoque die observarentur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 69 Lind.:

stata quinquennia,

Stat. S. 5, 3, 113:

stata sacra or sacrificia: stata sacrificia sunt quae certis diebus fieri debent,

Fest. p. 264 Lind.:

proficiscuntur Aeniam ad statum sacrificium,

Liv. 40, 4, 9; 23, 35, 3; 5, 46, 2; 39, 13, 8; Cic. Mil. 17, 45:

solemne et statum sacrificium (al. statutum),

id. Tusc. 1, 47, 113; so Liv. 23, 35, 3:

stata sacra,

Ov. F. 2, 528; Stat. Th. 1, 666:

stata foedera,

id. ib. 11, 380:

status flatus,

Sen. Ben. 4, 28:

stati cursus siderum,

Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 291 (different: statae stellae = fixed stars, Censor. D. N. 8, belonging to II. 2. supra): statae febres, intermittent fevers, returning regularly, Plin. 28, 27, 28, § 107.—

Moderate, average, normal:

inter enim pulcherrimam feminam et deformissimam media forma quaedam est, quae et a nimio pulcritudinis periculo et a summo deformitatis odio vacat, qualis a Q. Ennio perquam eleganti vocabulo stata dicitur...Ennius autem eas fere feminas ait incolumi pudicitia esse quae statā formā forent,

Gell. 5, 11, 12 -14 (v. Enn. Trag. p. 133 Vahl.).

damno (in vulg. lang. and late Lat. sometimes dampno), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [damnum].

Gen., to occasion loss or damage to, to harm, damage = damno [p. 511] afficere:

pauperibus parcere, divites damnare atque domare,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 10.—

Esp. [cf. damnum, II.] a judicial t. t., to condemn, doom, sentence one to any punishment = condemno, v. Cic. Or. 49, 166 (opp. to absolvere, liberare, dimittere; cf. also condemno, culpo, improbo; common and classical).—Constr. with acc. of person, either alone or with gen., abl., de, in, ad, etc., of the crime and punishment: damnatur aliquis crimine vel judicio, sed sceleris, parricidii, etc., Lachm. ad Lucr. 2, p. 273 sq.; cf. Munro, ad Lucr. 4, 1183: Zumpt, Gr. § 446 sq.; Roby, Gr. § 1199 sq.

With acc. pers. alone:

ergo ille damnatus est: neque solum primis sententiis, quibus tantum statuebant judices, damnarent an absolverent, sed etiam illis, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 231; id. Rosc. Am. 39, 114:

censoris judicium nihil fere damnato nisi ruborem affert,

id. Rep. 4, 6 (fragm. ap. Non. 24, 9): ego accusavi, vos damnastis, Dom. Afer ap. Quint. 5, 10, 79 et saep. — Transf., of things: causa judicata atque damnata, Cic. Rab. perd. 4; id. Clu. 3.—

With acc. pers. and gen. ( criminis or poenae):

ambitus damnati,

Caes. B. C. 3, 1, 4; Cic. Brut. 48 fin.:

furti,

id. Flacc. 18, 43:

injuriarum,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 41 fin.:

majestatis,

id. Phil. 1, 9, 23:

peculatus,

id. Verr. 1, 13, 39:

rei capitalis,

id. de Sen. 12, 42;

sceleris conjurationisque,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 5 Zumpt N. cr., et saep.:

capitis,

Caes. B. C. 3, 83, 4; 3, 110, 4:

octupli,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 11, § 28:

absentem capitalis poenae,

Liv. 42, 43, 9; cf.:

crimine falso damnari mortis,

Verg. A. 6, 430.—

With abl.:

ut is eo crimine damnaretur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45; so,

capite,

id. Tusc. 1, 22 al.:

morte,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 888:

tertiā parte agri,

Liv. 10, 1, 3:

pecuniā,

Just. 8, 1, 7; cf.:

Milo Clodio interfecto eo nomine erat damnatus,

on that account, Caes. B. C. 3, 21, 4; morti (abl.) damnare, Liv. 4, 37, 6, v. Weissenb. ad loc.—

With de:

de majestate damnatus,

Cic. Verr. 1, 13, 39:

de vi et de majestate,

id. Phil. 1, 9:

de vi publica,

Tac. A. 4, 13 al.; cf.

quibus de causis damnati,

Val. Max. 8, 1 init. —

With in or ad:

nec in metallum damnabuntur, nec in opus publicum, vel ad bestias,

Dig. 49, 18, 3:

ad mortem,

Tac. A. 16, 21;

ad extremum supplicium,

id. ib. 6, 38: Suet. Cal. 27; id. Ner. 31.—

With ut, Tac. A. 2, 67.—

With quod:

Athenienses Socratem damnaverunt quod novam religionem introducere videbatur,

Val. Max. 1, 1, 7, ext. 7:

Baebius est damnatus, quod milites praebuisset, etc.,

Liv. 45, 31, 2.—

With cur:

damnabantur cur jocati essent,

Spart. Sev. 14, § 13.

Transf.

To bind or oblige one's heir by last will and testament to the performance of any act.—Constr. with ut, ne, or the inf.:

si damnaverit heredem suum, ut, etc.,

Dig. 12, 6, 26; with ne, ib. 8, 4, 16; with inf.:

heredem dare, etc.,

ib. 30, 12: Hor. S. 2, 3, 86.

In a non-legal sense, to condemn, censure, judge: (with acc. pers. and gen. or abl.) aliquem summae stultitiae, Cic. Part. 38, 134:

damnatus longi Sisyphus laboris,

Hor. Od. 2, 14, 19:

stultitiaeque ibi se damnet (amator),

Lucr. 4, 1179: damnare aliquem voti ( poet. and late Lat., voto, votis), to condemn one to fulfil his vow, i. e. by granting his prayer (not in Cic.):

damnabis tu quoque votis,

Verg. E. 5, 80, Serv. and Heyne: voto, Sisenn. ap. Non. 277, 11:

voti,

Liv. 10, 37 fin.; 27, 45:

voto damnatus,

Hyg. Astr. 2, 24; Lact. Fab. 10, 8 (cf.: voti, Titin. and Turpil. ap. Non. 277, 6 and 10; Titin. Fr. 153;

Turpil. Fr. 128 Ribb.): morti,

Lucr. 6, 1231; cf.:

Stygio caput damnaverat Orco,

Verg. A. 4, 699:

damnati turis acervi,

devoted to the gods below, Stat. S. 2, 21 et saep.; cf.

also: quem damnet (sc. leto) labor,

Verg. A. 12, 727 Heyne:

damnare eum Senecam et invisum quoque habere,

to condemn, censure, disapprove, Quint. 10, 1, 125:

videntur magnopere damnandi, qui, etc.,

id. 5, 1, 2:

debitori suo creditor saepe damnatur,

Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 4.—Of inanimate objects, to condemn, reject:

ne damnent quae non intelligunt,

id. 10, 1, 26; cf. id. 10, 4, 2; 11, 3, 70 et saep.— Part. fut. pass. as subst.:

quem non puduisset damnanda committere,

Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 5.

Of the plaintiff, to seek or effect a person's condemnation (rare): quem ad recuperatores modo damnavit Plesidippus, Plaut. Rud. 5, 1, 2; Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 6:

Verrem, quem M. Cicero damnaverat,

Plin. 34, 2, 3, § 6; Liv. 7, 16, 9; cf. condemno, no. II., and condemnator, no. II.—Hence,damnātus, a, um, P. a.

Prop., condemned:

dicet damnatas ignea testa manus,

Prop. 5, 7, 38.—

Meton. (effectus pro causa), reprobate, criminal:

quis te miserior? quis te damnatior?

Cic. Pis. 40:

damnati lingua vocem habet, vim non habet,

Pub. Syr. 142 (Ribb.).—

Hateful, wretched:

damnatae noctes,

Prop. 4, 12 (5, 11 M.), 15.

sĭmŭl (ante-class. also sĕmŭl, Plaut. Trin. prol. p. 97 Ritschl; v. infra; and sĕmŏl, C. I. L. 1175 fin.; cf. Lorenz ad Plaut. Most. 96; cf. also simitu. The final l of simul was scarcely pronounced in the vulg. lang., and in comic poetry does not make position with an initial consonant following; v. Corss. Ausspr. 2, p. 643 sq.; Lorenz ad Plaut. Ps. 567), adv. [Sanscr. sama-; Gr. hama, homos]; cf. semel, = eodem tempore, una, at the same time, together, at once, as soon as.

Referring, as temporal adverb, to plural nouns of the same sentence, and representing persons or things as acting, happening, etc., simultaneously.

After a plural subject:

hunc ambo in saxo semul sedent ejecti,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 72:

multa concurrunt simul,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 31:

(duo homines) simul cenare voluerunt,

Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14:

Zmyrnae cum simul essemus compluris dies,

id. Rep. 1, 8, 13:

tres simul soles effulserunt,

Liv. 41, 21 fin.:

tria simul agmina populabantur Indos,

Curt. 9, 10, 7:

duo simul hujusmodi personae Ciceroni obstiterunt,

Quint. 11, 1, 69:

Othonem multa simul exstimulabant,

Tac. H. 1, 21; Cic. Fam. 9, 1, 2; id. Att. 5, 10, 5; Liv. 21, 33, 3; 41, 2 init.; Curt. 4, 15, 22.—Sometimes the logical subject is understood:

multos modios salis simul (i. e. amicis) edendos esse,

Cic. Lael. 19, 67.—Sometimes both the subject and predicate are understood:

quare si simul (i. e. nos agere) placebit,

Cic. Fam. 5, 19, 2.—

With a plur. object:

(Alcumena) uno partu duos peperit semul,

Plaut. Am. 5, 2, 8:

duas res simul nunc agere decretum'st mihi,

Plaut. Merc. prol. 1:

si duos consules simul ex Italia ejectos... res publica tenere potuisset,

Cic. Phil. 13, 14, 29:

ambo cum simul conspicimus,

Liv. 40, 46 init.:

simul omnibus portis erupit,

id. 40, 48 fin.; cf. Auct. Her. 3, 12, 22; Liv. 8, 37, 5; 21, 60; 40, 30; 42, 7; Curt. 5, 9, 1; Quint. 10, 1, 76; 10, 3, 23; 10, 7, 16.—So with singular implying a plural:

tota (urbs) simul exsurgere aedificiis coepit,

Liv. 6, 4, 6:

totam simul causam ponit ante oculos,

Quint. 6, 1, 1.—After an adverb. implying a plural noun:

igitur undique simul (i. e. ex omnibus locis simul) speculatores citi sese ostendunt,

Sall. J. 101, 1.—

Referring [p. 1703] to plural attributes:

omnium simul rerum... discrimine proposito,

Liv. 6, 35, 6:

multarum simul civitatium legati Romam convenerunt,

id. 43, 6, 1.—

Referring to an attributive participle understood:

multitudo plurium simul gentium (= simul eodem loco versantium),

Liv. 44, 45:

trium simul bellorum victor (= eodem tempore gestorum),

id. 6, 4, 1:

inter duo simul bella,

id. 7, 27, 7:

tot simul malis victi,

Curt. 4, 4, 12.

Referring to nouns, etc., connected by the preposition cum: simul cum = una cum (v. una, s. v. unus), together with:

novi (illum) cum Calcha semul,

Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 48:

jube in urbem veniat jam tecum semul,

id. Most. 4, 2, 26:

qui ipsus equidem nunc primum istanc tecum conspicio semul?

id. Am. 2, 2, 122:

me misisti ad portum cum luci semul,

id. Stich. 2, 2, 40:

quae (amicitia) incepta a parvis cum aetate adcrevit simul,

Ter. And. 3, 3, 7:

simul consilium cum re amisti?

id. Eun. 2, 2, 10:

Critolaum simul cum Diogene venisse commemoras,

Cic. Or. 2, 38, 100:

Hortensius tecum simul pro Appio Claudio dixit,

id. Brut. 64, 230:

cum corporibus simul animos interire,

id. Lael. 4, 13:

vobiscum simul considerantis,

id. Rep. 1, 46, 70:

testamentum Cyri simul obsignavi cum Clodio,

id. Mil. 18, 48:

simul cum lege Aelia magistratum iniit,

id. Att. 1, 16, 13:

simul cum lumine pandit,

id. Arat. 704 (452):

simul cum moribus immutatur fortuna,

Sall. C. 2, 5:

cum anima simul,

id. ib. 33, 4:

simul cum occasu solis,

id. J. 91, 2:

simul cum dono designavit templi finis,

Liv. 1, 10, 5:

si (dictator) se (Fabium) simul cum gloria rei gestae extinxisset,

id. 8, 31, 7:

ut cresceret simul et neglegentia cum audacia hosti,

id. 31, 36, 7; cf. Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 136; id. Aul. 4, 4, 28; id. Bacch. 4, 1, 5; id. Cist. 4, 2, 105; id. Ep. 1, 1, 39; id. Men. prol. 27; 2, 3, 54; 5, 1, 36; id. Merc. 2, 1, 31; id. Most. 1, 2, 17; Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 13; id. Tusc. 3, 18, 40; id. de Or. 2, 33, 142; 3, 3, 10; id. Arch. 12, 30; id. Sest. 22, 50; id. Fam. 15, 4, 8; Liv. 1, 31, 3; Nep. 3, 2; 11, 3; 18, 3; 23, 6; Quint. 11, 3, 65; Hor. Epod. 1, 8; id. S. 1, 1, 58.—Strengthened by una:

quippe omnes semul didicimus tecum una,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 50; cf. id. Most. 4, 3, 43.—With ellipsis of mecum:

qui scribis morderi te interdum quod non simul sis,

Cic. Att. 6, 2, 8.—Freq. cum eo (eis, etc.) must be supplied after simul, likewise, together with him, them, etc.:

in vigiliam quando ibat miles, tum tu ibas semul (i. e. cum eo)?

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 86:

cum simul P. Rutilius venisset,

Cic. Rep. 1, 11, 17:

hos qui simul erant missi, fallere,

id. Rosc. Am. 38, 110:

prae metu ne simul (i. e. cum iis) Romanus irrumperet,

Liv. 5, 13, 13:

extra turbam ordinem conlocuntur semul (i. e. inter se),

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 69; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 180; Cic. Pis. 34, 84; Liv. 6, 11, 5; Curt. 8, 13, 3.—Simul with abl. alone = cum with abl. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf. Gr. hama with dat.):

simul his,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 86:

quippe simul nobis habitat,

Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 29:

his simul,

Sil. 3, 268:

Magnetibus simul transmissi,

Tac. A. 4, 55:

quindecimviri septemviris simul,

id. ib. 3, 64; cf. id. ib. 6, 9; Sil. 5, 418; Sen. Troad. 1049.

Referring to a preceding adverb. clause, at the same time, i.e. as that of the action described:

juris ubi dicitur dies, simul patronis dicitur,

Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 17:

quamquam ego vinum bibo, at mandata hau consuevi semul bibere una (= bibere quom vinum bibo, una cum vino),

id. Pers. 2, 1, 3:

quando nihil sit (quod det), semul amare desinat,

id. Ps. 1, 3, 73 Fleck.:

ubi res prolatae sunt, quom rus homines eunt, semul prolatae res sunt nostris dentibus,

id. Capt. 1, 1, 10; id. Ps. 4, 7, 84; cf.:

domum numquam introibis, nisi feres pallam simul (i. e. cum introibis),

Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 104.

Referring to two or more co-ordinate terms or facts representing these as simultaneous, and at the same time, and also, both... and ( at once), together.

Referring to co-ordinate terms of the same sentence.

Simul preceding all the coordinate terms which are connected by et, ac, atque, que, or by et... et (freq. in the histt.):

semul flere sorbereque haud facile est,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 104:

Q. Hortensi ingenium simul aspectum et probatum est,

Cic. Brut. 64, 228: Bomilcar, simul cupidus incepta patrandi, et timore socii anxius, Sall. J. 70, 5:

dicenti lacrimae simul spiritum et vocem intercluserunt,

Liv. 40, 16 init.:

quae simul auxilio tribunicio et consensu plebis impediri coepta,

id. 6, 27, 9:

Lycios sub Rhodiorum simul imperio et tutela esse,

id. 41, 6 fin.:

Priverni qui simul a Fundanis ac Romanis defecerunt,

id. 8, 19, 11:

simul divinae humanaeque spei pleni pugnam poscunt,

id. 10, 40, 1:

eximio simul honoribus atque virtutibus,

id. 6, 11, 3:

obruit animum simul luctus metusque,

id. 42, 28; 5, 26, 10; Val. Max. 5, 2, 6:

simul ipsum Vitellium contemnebant metuebantque,

Tac. H. 2, 92; cf. Liv. 3, 38, 12; 3, 50, 12; 5, 7, 3; 6, 18, 5; 6, 33, 9; 6, 40, 4; 9, 12, 4; 27, 51, 12; Caes. B. G. 7, 48; Curt. 5, 4, 30; Sen. Q. N. 2, 54, 2.—So with three or more co-ordinate terms, either all connected by et, Caes. B. G. 4, 24, 2; Quint. 1, 12, 3; 10, 7, 23;

or asyndetic: nunc simul res, fides, fama, virtus, decus deseruerunt,

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 60.—

Simul after all the coordinate terms (mostly ante-class.):

nunc operam potestis ambo mihi dare et vobis simul,

Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 40:

faxo et operam et vinum perdiderit simul,

id. Aul. 3, 6, 42:

ut si quis sacrilegii et homicidii simul accusetur,

Quint. 12, 1, 4; cf. Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 92; id. Men. 3, 3, 16; Mart. 11, 58, 10.—

Simul after the first of the co-ordinate terms (so not in Cic.):

convenit regnum simul atque locos ut haberet,

Naev. Bell. Pun. 1, 6, fr. 3:

oculis simul ac mente turbatum,

Liv. 7, 26, 5:

quod ubi auditum simul visumque est,

id. 8, 39, 7:

pulvere simul ac sudore perfusum,

Curt. 3, 5, 2:

terrestri simul navalique clade,

id. 4, 3, 14:

vota nuncupabantur simul et solvebantur,

Val. Max. 6, 9, ext. 5:

qui ima simul ac summa foveret aequaliter,

Sen. Ep. 90, 25; cf. Liv. 4, 32, 12; Curt. 3, 8, 23; 6, 5, 19; 8, 5, 1; Quint. 10, 1, 30.—In post-Aug. prose without any temporal idea, = as well as:

populi Romani facta simul ac dicta memoratu digna... deligere constitui,

Val. Max. 1 prol.; so id. 1, 1, 9.—

Placed before the last term.

Simul et (= simul etiam), and at the same time, and also:

Jugurtha, postquam oppidum Capsam aliosque locos munitos, simul et magnam pecuniam amiserat,

Sall. J. 97, 1:

Marium fatigantem de profectione, simul et invisum et offensum,

id. ib. 73, 2:

Marius hortandi causa, simul et nobilitatem exagitandi, contionem advocavit,

id. ib. 84, 5:

milites modesto imperio habiti, simul et locupletes,

id. ib. 92, 2:

Perseus cum adventu consulis, simul et veris principio strepere omnia cerneret,

Liv. 44, 34 fin.; cf. Hor. C. 1, 20, 6.—

Simulque (rare):

ut (materia) fragilis incumberet, simulque terra umore diluta,

Curt. 8, 10, 25.—

Simul, without any conjunction (so in Cic., but only poet.):

Neptuno grates habeo et tempestatibus, semul Mercurio qui, etc.,

Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 3:

Electra Stereopeque, simul sanctissima Maja,

Cic. Arat. 270 (36):

inter solis iter, simul inter flamina venti,

id. ib. 342 (101):

ambiguus consilii, num Dyrrhachium pedite atque equite, simul longis navibus mare clauderet,

Tac. H. 2, 83. —

Inserted in the last term ( poet.):

memor Actae non alio rege puertiae, Mutataeque simul togae,

Hor. C. 1, 36, 9;

interea Maecenas advenit atque Coccejus, Capitoque simul Fontejus,

id. S. 1, 5, 32.—

Referring to two or more co-ordinate clauses or sentences.

Et simul or simulque:

contundam facta Talthybi, contem namque omnes nuntios, semulque cursuram meditabor ad ludos Olympios,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 34:

eamus, et de istac simul consilium volo capere una tecum,

i. e. while going, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 65:

quod... et simul quia,

Lucr. 5, 1181:

ratio Ecquaenam fuerit origo... et simul ecquae sit finis, etc.,

id. 5, 1213:

sed iidem illi ita mecum loquuntur... et simul admonent quiddam quod cavebimus, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 1, 11, 28:

ex tuis litteris cognovi festinationem tuam, et simul sum admiratus cur, etc.,

id. Fam. 7, 8, 1:

emergit Nixi caput, et simul effert sese clara Fides et, etc.,

id. Arat. 713 (460):

postquam Rutilium consedisse accepit, simulque ex Jugurthae proelio clamorem augeri,

Sall. J. 52, 6:

equites ex equis desiliunt, simulque et hosti se opponunt, et animos peditum accendunt,

Liv. 3, 62, 8:

tum rigere omnibus corpora... et simul lassitudine et... fame etiam deficere,

id. 21, 54, 9; 41, 3; Cic. Arat. 504 (259); 545 (299); Curt. 4, 2, 21; Quint. 2, 5, 13.—

Simul with autem or enim, introducing the second sentence:

salve! simul autem vale!

Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1: augeamus sane suspicionem tuam;

simul enim augebimus diligentiam,

Cic. Marc. 7, 22.—

Simul preceding co-ordinate sentences, generally connected by et... et, but also by a single copulative conjunction:

simul enim et rei publicae consules, et propones ei exempla ad imitandum,

Cic. Phil. 10, 2, 5:

illa autem altera ratio quae simul et opinionem falsam tollit, et aegritudinem detrahit,

id. Tusc. 4, 28, 60:

simul et inopiam frumenti lenire, et ignaris omnibus parare,

Sall. J. 91, 1:

nullus portus erat qui simul et omnis onerarias caperet, et tecta legionibus praeberet,

Liv. 32, 18, 3:

simul et cohors invasit, et ex omnibus oppidi partibus... concurrerunt,

id. 32, 24, 3: simul Metelli imagines dereptae, et missi qui Antonio nuntiarent. Tac. H. 3, 13; cf. Suet. Caes. 57.—

Referring to co-ordinate clauses introduced by subordinating conjunctions:

Mnesilochum ut requiram atque ut eum mecum ad te adducam semul,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 5, 2:

tantum faciam ut notam apponam... et simul significem, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 13, 6, 2:

quod eo liberius ad te seribo, quia nostrae laudi favisti, simulque quod video non novitati esse invisum meae,

id. ib. 1, 7, 8; 7, 10, 3.—If used in connecting dependent clauses, simul often stands for a co-ordinating conjunction; v. VI. infra.

Introducing an independent sentence, at the same time, also, likewise (cf.: itaque, igitur, deinde, tum, etc.).

Simul alone:

ego Tiresiam consulam quid faciundum censeat: semul hanc rem ut facta est eloquar,

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 77:

sequimini! simul circumspicite ne quis adsit arbiter,

id. Mil. 4, 4, 1:

alterum ipse efficiam ut attente audiatis. Simul illud oro: si, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 2, 5, 10:

hoc proprium virtutis existimant... simul hoc se fore tutiores arbitrantur,

Caes. B. G. 6, 23:

Valerio Samnitium legiones occurrunt... simul in Campanos stimulabat ira,

Liv. 7, 32, 3:

tibi (Apollo) decimam partem praedae voveo. Te simul, Juno, precor ut, etc.,

id. 5, 21, 3.—

More freq. simul et (= etiam):

quia videbitur Magis verisimile id esse... simul et conficiam facilius ego quod volo,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 55:

nolite committere ut in re tam inveterata quidquam novi sentiatis. Simul et illa omnia ante oculos vestros proponite, etc.,

Cic. Balb. 28, 65:

demonstravi haec Caecilio. Simul et illud ostendi, me ei satisfacturum,

id. Att. 1, 1, 4:

legati jam reverterant... simul venerant et ab rege Perseo oratores qui, etc.,

Liv. 41, 19 med.:

ipse ad Sycurium progressus, opperiri ibi hostium adventum statuit. Simul et frumentari passim exercitum jubet,

id. 42, 54 fin.; cf. Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 14; Cic. Or. 2, 85, 349; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 12, § 34; id. Prov. Cons. 15, 36; id. Balb. 25, 56; id. Arat. 618 (372); 628 (382); 707 (454); 721 (468); Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 6, 8; Sall. C. 30, 2; id. J. 100, 3; Liv. 8, 9, 13; 8, 32, 5; 10, 3, 2; 40, 32; 4, 49, 3; Tac. H. 1, 1; 1, 52; 2, 53; 3, 15; 3, 18; 3, 20; 3, 29; 3, 42; 3, 82.

Simul itself stands as co-ordinating conjunction, to connect dependent clauses represented as contemporaneous, and at the same time, and also (not ante-class.; rare in Cic.;

freq. in the histt.): ei Verres possessionem negat se daturum, ne posset patronum suum juvare, simul ut esset poena quod, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 124:

omnes vocat ad diripiendos Eburones, ut potius Gallorum vita quam legionarius miles periclitetur, simul ut... pro tali facinore stirps et nomen civitatis tollatur,

Caes. B. G. 6, 34: quippe foedum hominem a republica procul esse volebat;

simul quia boni complures praesidium in eo putabant,

Sall. C. 19, 2:

cujus de virtute, quia multi dixere, praetereundum puto, simul ne per insolentiam quis existumet memet studium meum laudando extollere,

id. J. 4, 2:

nihil horum... discere cum cerneret posse, simul et tirocinio et perturbatione juvenis moveretur, etc.,

Liv. 39, 47:

a sermone Graeco puerum incipere malo, quia Latinum vel nobis nolentibus perhibet, simul quia disciplinis quoque Graecis prius instruendus est,

Quint. 1, 1, 12; Sall. J. 20, 1; Liv. 39, 33, 1; 8, 6, 11; Caes. B. C. 43, 2; Sall. C. 20, 3; 56, 5; Liv. 3, 50, 10; 40, 36 init.; Tac. H. 1, [p. 1704] 70;

2, 15.—So, connecting participial expressions or adverbial phrases with dependent clauses: his amicis confisus Catilina, simul quod aes alienum ingens erat, et quod... opprimendae reipublicae consilium cepit,

Sall. C. 16, 4:

hi, quod res in invidia erat, simul et ab Numidis obsecrati,

id. J. 25, 5:

ob eam iram, simul ut praeda militem aleret, duo milia peditum... populari agrum jussit,

Liv. 21, 52, 5; 3, 66, 3:

equites praemisit speculatum, simul ut ignem exstinguerent,

Curt. 4, 10, 11:

Otho, quamquam turbidis rebus, etc., simul reputans non posse, etc.,

Tac. H. 1, 83 init.:

committere igitur eum (locum) non fidelissimis sociis noluit, simul quod ab illa parte urbis navibus aditus ex alto est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 32, § 84; Liv. 9, 2, 5; Tac. H. 1, 70 fin.; 2, 28; 2, 30.

Simul. as co-ordinating conjunction, is frequently placed before each of the co-ordinate terms (simul... simul = hama men... hama de), partly... partly; not only... but at the same time (not anteAug.).

With independent clauses:

simul castra oppugnabantur, simul pars exercitus ad populandum agrum Romanum missa,

Liv. 3, 5, 2:

accolas Hannibal simul perlicit ad naves fabricandas, simul et ipsi traici exercitum cupiebant,

id. 21, 26, 7:

ab his simul custodes trucidari coepti, simul datum signum armatis ut ex insidiis concurrerent,

id. 9, 25, 8:

simul gratias agit, simul gratulatur quod, etc.,

Curt. 6, 7, 15; cf. Verg. A. 1, 631 sq.; 2, 220 sqq.; 12, 268; Liv. 1, 9, 5.—

With dependent clauses:

venit ad quaerendum, simul quod non deducerent praesidia, simul quod in Bithyniam auxilia missi forent,

Liv. 39, 46 fin.:

Perseus cum audisset, simul Meliboeam a consulis exercitu oppugnari, simul classem Iolci stare,

id. 44, 13 init.:

consul ad Phylan ducit, simul ut praesidium firmaret, simul ut militi frumentum divideret,

id. 44, 8, 1:

simul questi... simul nuntiantes,

id. 42, 46:

plus quam imponebatur oneris recepi, simul ut pleniore obsequio demererer amantissimos mei, simul ne... alienis vestigiis insisterem, Quint. prooem. 3.—Rarely connecting a dependent clause with an independent sentence: Athenas ierant, simul ut pro legatione praemio esset honos, simul peritos legum peregrinarum ad condenda nova jura usui fore credebant,

Liv. 3, 35, 5; cf. Verg. A. 12, 758.—

Co-ordinating dependent clauses with adverbial phrases:

Germani frequenter in castra venerunt, simul sui purgandi causa, simul ut de induciis impetrarent,

Caes. B. G. 4, 13:

Philippus, simul ne ocio miles deterior fieret, simul avertendae suspicionis causa... in Maedicam ducere pergit,

Liv. 40, 21, 1. —

Connecting single nouns or phrases belonging to the same predicate:

cum simul fragor rupti pontis, simul clamor Romanorum impetum sustinuit,

Liv. 2, 10, 10:

ad se simul legatos, simul milites missos,

id. 42, 52 med.:

et Romae simul dilectu, simul tributo conferendo laboratum est,

id. 5, 10, 3:

increpando simul temeritatem, simul ignaviam,

id. 2, 65, 4:

tum vero si mul ab hostibus, simul ab iniquitate loco rum Poeni oppugnabantur,

id. 21, 33, 5:

inter simul complorationem feminarum, simul nefandam caedem,

id. 41, 11:

simul a mari, simul a terra ingredienti,

id. 44, 12 med.; cf. Tac. A. 1, 49; 14, 40; id. Agr. 25; 36; 41; Verg. G. 3, 201; id. A. 1, 513; Hor. S. 2, 2, 73.

Simul, in connection with ac, atque (also written in one word,

sĭmŭlac

, sĭmŭlatque), rarely with ut, and very rarely with et, is used as subordinating, temporal conjunction, as soon as. For simulac, etc., simul alone is freq.

Simul ac: simul ac lacrimas de ore noegeo (i. e. candido) detersit, Liv. And. ap. Fest. p. 174 Mull.:

Demenaetum simul ac conspexero hodie,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 73:

non simul ac se ipse commovit, sensit quid intersit,

Cic. Ac. 2, 16, 51:

si simul ac procul conspexit armatos, recessisset,

id. Caecil. 16, 46:

dicebam, simul ac timere desisses, similem te futurum tui,

id. Phil. 2, 35, 89:

Alcibiades, simul ac se remiserat, dissolutus reperiebatur,

Nep. Alcib. 1. 4:

at mihi plaudo Ipse domi, simul ac nummos contemplor in arca,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 67; cf. Cic. N. D. 1, 38, 108; id. Fam. 15, 16, 2; id. Planc. 41, 98; id. Phil. 4, 1, 1; id. Verr. 2, 2, 19, § 46; id. Or. 2, 27, 117; Verg. A. 4, 90; 12, 222; Ov. M. 2, 167; Hor. S. 1, 2, 33; 1, 4, 119; 1, 8, 21.—Strengthened by primum (= ut primum):

simul ac primum ei occasio visa est, quaestor consulem deseruit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 13, § 34; so id. ib. 2, 1, 52, § 138; id. Phil. 4, 1, 1; Suet. Caes. 30; id. Ner. 43.—

Simul atque:

L. Clodius, simul atque introductus est, rem conficit,

Cic. Clu. 14, 40:

simul atque increpuit suspicio tumultus, artes ilico nostrae conticescunt,

id. Mur. 10, 22:

simul atque audivit ejus interitum, suo Marte res suas recuperavit,

id. Phil. 2, 37, 95:

simul atque enim se infiexit hic rex in dominatum injustiorem, fit continuo tyrannus,

id. Rep. 2, 26, 49:

simul atque sibi hic adnuisset, numeraturum se dicebat,

id. Quint. 5, 18:

qui, simul atque in oppidum venerat, inmittebantur illi continuo Cibyratici canes,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 21, § 47:

simul atque de Caesaris adventu cognitum est,

Caes. B. G. 5, 3, 3; cf. Cic. Planc. 41, 98; id. Phil. 8, 10, 31; Suet. Caes. 29; id. Galb. 7.—

Simul ut (v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 33):

simul ut experrecti sumus, visa illa contemnimus,

Cic. Ac. 2, 16, 51:

simul ut accepi a Seleuco litteras tuas, statim quaesivi, etc.,

id. Fam. 6, 18, 1:

nostros omnia consequi potuisse, simul ut velle coepissent,

id. Tusc. 4, 2, 5; id. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 3 (6, 2):

simul ut, qui sint professi, videro, dicam,

id. Planc. 6, 14; id. Att. 10, 4, 12:

nam simul ut supero se totum lumine Cancer extulit, extemplo cedit delapsa Corona,

id. Arat. 596 (349).—

Simul et:

simul et quid erit certi, scribam ad te,

Cic. Att. 2, 20, 2:

ego ad te statim habebo quod scribam, simul et videro Curionem,

id. ib. 10, 4, 12:

quam accepi simul et in Cumanum veni,

id. ib. 10, 16, 4; 16, 11, 6; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 3. In all these passages the Cod. Med. has simul et, which the editors variously changed into simulatque, simulac, simul ut, simul; so,

omne animal simul et ortum est, se ipsum diligit,

Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 33, where the vulg. has simul ut, and Madv. reads simul [et] ortum.—

Simul ubi:

quod simul ubi conspexit, equites emisit,

Liv. 4, 18, 7 dub. Weissenb. ad loc.—

Simul alone, = simul atque:

simul herbae inceperint nasci,

Cato, R. R. 48:

hic simul argentum repperit, cura sese expedivit,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 4, 4: simul limen intrabo, illi extrabunt illico, Afran. ap. Non. 104, 21 (Com. Rel. v. 5 Rib.):

simul inflavit tibicen, a perito carmen agnoscitur,

Cic. Ac. 2, 27, 86:

nostri, simul in arido constiterunt, in hostes impetum fecerunt,

Caes. B. G. 4, 26 fin.:

simul increpuere arma, hostis pedem rettulit,

Liv. 6, 24, 1; cf. Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 12; id. Fin. 3, 6, 21; id. Arat. 594 (349); Caes. B. C. 1, 30, 3; Liv. 3, 62, 6; 4, 18, 6; 4, 31, 5; 4, 32, 6; 5, 25, 11; 8, 32, 2; 21, 55, 9; 44, 8 med.; 44, 19; 44, 44 fin.; Curt. 3, 11, 4; Phaedr. 3, 16, 16; Hor. C. 1, 12, 27; 3, 4, 37; Verg. G. 4, 232; Ov. F. 1, 567.—Strengthened by primum:

simul primum magistratio abiit, dicta dies est,

Liv. 6, 1, 6:

simul primum anni tempus navigabile praebuisset mare,

id. 35, 44, 5 Weissenb. ad loc.; Suet. Caes. 30.

sĭmŭl (ante-class. also sĕmŭl, Plaut. Trin. prol. p. 97 Ritschl; v. infra; and sĕmŏl, C. I. L. 1175 fin.; cf. Lorenz ad Plaut. Most. 96; cf. also simitu. The final l of simul was scarcely pronounced in the vulg. lang., and in comic poetry does not make position with an initial consonant following; v. Corss. Ausspr. 2, p. 643 sq.; Lorenz ad Plaut. Ps. 567), adv. [Sanscr. sama-; Gr. hama, homos]; cf. semel, = eodem tempore, una, at the same time, together, at once, as soon as.

Referring, as temporal adverb, to plural nouns of the same sentence, and representing persons or things as acting, happening, etc., simultaneously.

After a plural subject:

hunc ambo in saxo semul sedent ejecti,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 72:

multa concurrunt simul,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 31:

(duo homines) simul cenare voluerunt,

Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14:

Zmyrnae cum simul essemus compluris dies,

id. Rep. 1, 8, 13:

tres simul soles effulserunt,

Liv. 41, 21 fin.:

tria simul agmina populabantur Indos,

Curt. 9, 10, 7:

duo simul hujusmodi personae Ciceroni obstiterunt,

Quint. 11, 1, 69:

Othonem multa simul exstimulabant,

Tac. H. 1, 21; Cic. Fam. 9, 1, 2; id. Att. 5, 10, 5; Liv. 21, 33, 3; 41, 2 init.; Curt. 4, 15, 22.—Sometimes the logical subject is understood:

multos modios salis simul (i. e. amicis) edendos esse,

Cic. Lael. 19, 67.—Sometimes both the subject and predicate are understood:

quare si simul (i. e. nos agere) placebit,

Cic. Fam. 5, 19, 2.—

With a plur. object:

(Alcumena) uno partu duos peperit semul,

Plaut. Am. 5, 2, 8:

duas res simul nunc agere decretum'st mihi,

Plaut. Merc. prol. 1:

si duos consules simul ex Italia ejectos... res publica tenere potuisset,

Cic. Phil. 13, 14, 29:

ambo cum simul conspicimus,

Liv. 40, 46 init.:

simul omnibus portis erupit,

id. 40, 48 fin.; cf. Auct. Her. 3, 12, 22; Liv. 8, 37, 5; 21, 60; 40, 30; 42, 7; Curt. 5, 9, 1; Quint. 10, 1, 76; 10, 3, 23; 10, 7, 16.—So with singular implying a plural:

tota (urbs) simul exsurgere aedificiis coepit,

Liv. 6, 4, 6:

totam simul causam ponit ante oculos,

Quint. 6, 1, 1.—After an adverb. implying a plural noun:

igitur undique simul (i. e. ex omnibus locis simul) speculatores citi sese ostendunt,

Sall. J. 101, 1.—

Referring [p. 1703] to plural attributes:

omnium simul rerum... discrimine proposito,

Liv. 6, 35, 6:

multarum simul civitatium legati Romam convenerunt,

id. 43, 6, 1.—

Referring to an attributive participle understood:

multitudo plurium simul gentium (= simul eodem loco versantium),

Liv. 44, 45:

trium simul bellorum victor (= eodem tempore gestorum),

id. 6, 4, 1:

inter duo simul bella,

id. 7, 27, 7:

tot simul malis victi,

Curt. 4, 4, 12.

Referring to nouns, etc., connected by the preposition cum: simul cum = una cum (v. una, s. v. unus), together with:

novi (illum) cum Calcha semul,

Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 48:

jube in urbem veniat jam tecum semul,

id. Most. 4, 2, 26:

qui ipsus equidem nunc primum istanc tecum conspicio semul?

id. Am. 2, 2, 122:

me misisti ad portum cum luci semul,

id. Stich. 2, 2, 40:

quae (amicitia) incepta a parvis cum aetate adcrevit simul,

Ter. And. 3, 3, 7:

simul consilium cum re amisti?

id. Eun. 2, 2, 10:

Critolaum simul cum Diogene venisse commemoras,

Cic. Or. 2, 38, 100:

Hortensius tecum simul pro Appio Claudio dixit,

id. Brut. 64, 230:

cum corporibus simul animos interire,

id. Lael. 4, 13:

vobiscum simul considerantis,

id. Rep. 1, 46, 70:

testamentum Cyri simul obsignavi cum Clodio,

id. Mil. 18, 48:

simul cum lege Aelia magistratum iniit,

id. Att. 1, 16, 13:

simul cum lumine pandit,

id. Arat. 704 (452):

simul cum moribus immutatur fortuna,

Sall. C. 2, 5:

cum anima simul,

id. ib. 33, 4:

simul cum occasu solis,

id. J. 91, 2:

simul cum dono designavit templi finis,

Liv. 1, 10, 5:

si (dictator) se (Fabium) simul cum gloria rei gestae extinxisset,

id. 8, 31, 7:

ut cresceret simul et neglegentia cum audacia hosti,

id. 31, 36, 7; cf. Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 136; id. Aul. 4, 4, 28; id. Bacch. 4, 1, 5; id. Cist. 4, 2, 105; id. Ep. 1, 1, 39; id. Men. prol. 27; 2, 3, 54; 5, 1, 36; id. Merc. 2, 1, 31; id. Most. 1, 2, 17; Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 13; id. Tusc. 3, 18, 40; id. de Or. 2, 33, 142; 3, 3, 10; id. Arch. 12, 30; id. Sest. 22, 50; id. Fam. 15, 4, 8; Liv. 1, 31, 3; Nep. 3, 2; 11, 3; 18, 3; 23, 6; Quint. 11, 3, 65; Hor. Epod. 1, 8; id. S. 1, 1, 58.—Strengthened by una:

quippe omnes semul didicimus tecum una,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 50; cf. id. Most. 4, 3, 43.—With ellipsis of mecum:

qui scribis morderi te interdum quod non simul sis,

Cic. Att. 6, 2, 8.—Freq. cum eo (eis, etc.) must be supplied after simul, likewise, together with him, them, etc.:

in vigiliam quando ibat miles, tum tu ibas semul (i. e. cum eo)?

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 86:

cum simul P. Rutilius venisset,

Cic. Rep. 1, 11, 17:

hos qui simul erant missi, fallere,

id. Rosc. Am. 38, 110:

prae metu ne simul (i. e. cum iis) Romanus irrumperet,

Liv. 5, 13, 13:

extra turbam ordinem conlocuntur semul (i. e. inter se),

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 69; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 180; Cic. Pis. 34, 84; Liv. 6, 11, 5; Curt. 8, 13, 3.—Simul with abl. alone = cum with abl. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf. Gr. hama with dat.):

simul his,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 86:

quippe simul nobis habitat,

Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 29:

his simul,

Sil. 3, 268:

Magnetibus simul transmissi,

Tac. A. 4, 55:

quindecimviri septemviris simul,

id. ib. 3, 64; cf. id. ib. 6, 9; Sil. 5, 418; Sen. Troad. 1049.

Referring to a preceding adverb. clause, at the same time, i.e. as that of the action described:

juris ubi dicitur dies, simul patronis dicitur,

Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 17:

quamquam ego vinum bibo, at mandata hau consuevi semul bibere una (= bibere quom vinum bibo, una cum vino),

id. Pers. 2, 1, 3:

quando nihil sit (quod det), semul amare desinat,

id. Ps. 1, 3, 73 Fleck.:

ubi res prolatae sunt, quom rus homines eunt, semul prolatae res sunt nostris dentibus,

id. Capt. 1, 1, 10; id. Ps. 4, 7, 84; cf.:

domum numquam introibis, nisi feres pallam simul (i. e. cum introibis),

Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 104.

Referring to two or more co-ordinate terms or facts representing these as simultaneous, and at the same time, and also, both... and ( at once), together.

Referring to co-ordinate terms of the same sentence.

Simul preceding all the coordinate terms which are connected by et, ac, atque, que, or by et... et (freq. in the histt.):

semul flere sorbereque haud facile est,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 104:

Q. Hortensi ingenium simul aspectum et probatum est,

Cic. Brut. 64, 228: Bomilcar, simul cupidus incepta patrandi, et timore socii anxius, Sall. J. 70, 5:

dicenti lacrimae simul spiritum et vocem intercluserunt,

Liv. 40, 16 init.:

quae simul auxilio tribunicio et consensu plebis impediri coepta,

id. 6, 27, 9:

Lycios sub Rhodiorum simul imperio et tutela esse,

id. 41, 6 fin.:

Priverni qui simul a Fundanis ac Romanis defecerunt,

id. 8, 19, 11:

simul divinae humanaeque spei pleni pugnam poscunt,

id. 10, 40, 1:

eximio simul honoribus atque virtutibus,

id. 6, 11, 3:

obruit animum simul luctus metusque,

id. 42, 28; 5, 26, 10; Val. Max. 5, 2, 6:

simul ipsum Vitellium contemnebant metuebantque,

Tac. H. 2, 92; cf. Liv. 3, 38, 12; 3, 50, 12; 5, 7, 3; 6, 18, 5; 6, 33, 9; 6, 40, 4; 9, 12, 4; 27, 51, 12; Caes. B. G. 7, 48; Curt. 5, 4, 30; Sen. Q. N. 2, 54, 2.—So with three or more co-ordinate terms, either all connected by et, Caes. B. G. 4, 24, 2; Quint. 1, 12, 3; 10, 7, 23;

or asyndetic: nunc simul res, fides, fama, virtus, decus deseruerunt,

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 60.—

Simul after all the coordinate terms (mostly ante-class.):

nunc operam potestis ambo mihi dare et vobis simul,

Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 40:

faxo et operam et vinum perdiderit simul,

id. Aul. 3, 6, 42:

ut si quis sacrilegii et homicidii simul accusetur,

Quint. 12, 1, 4; cf. Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 92; id. Men. 3, 3, 16; Mart. 11, 58, 10.—

Simul after the first of the co-ordinate terms (so not in Cic.):

convenit regnum simul atque locos ut haberet,

Naev. Bell. Pun. 1, 6, fr. 3:

oculis simul ac mente turbatum,

Liv. 7, 26, 5:

quod ubi auditum simul visumque est,

id. 8, 39, 7:

pulvere simul ac sudore perfusum,

Curt. 3, 5, 2:

terrestri simul navalique clade,

id. 4, 3, 14:

vota nuncupabantur simul et solvebantur,

Val. Max. 6, 9, ext. 5:

qui ima simul ac summa foveret aequaliter,

Sen. Ep. 90, 25; cf. Liv. 4, 32, 12; Curt. 3, 8, 23; 6, 5, 19; 8, 5, 1; Quint. 10, 1, 30.—In post-Aug. prose without any temporal idea, = as well as:

populi Romani facta simul ac dicta memoratu digna... deligere constitui,

Val. Max. 1 prol.; so id. 1, 1, 9.—