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aes

  • 1 aes

    aes, aeris, n. [st1]1 [-] airain, cuivre, bronze.    - panes aeris, Plin.: lingots d'airain.    - aes temperare, Plin.: tremper l'airain.    - ducere ex aere, Plin.: couler en bronze.    - aes Cyprium: cuivre (rouge).    - aere solum tractare, Lucr.: travailler la terre avec l'airain. [st1]2 [-] ouvrage en cuivre ou en bronze.    - paterae et aera, Hor.: des patères et des coupes.    - pontum confindere aere, Tib.: fendre la mer avec la proue d'airain.    - abdere aera cibis, Ov.: cacher l'hameçon sous l'appât.    - aere caput fulgens, Virg.: tête resplendissante sous le casque.    - aera micantia, Virg.: cuirasses brillantes.    - aes rectum, Ov.: trompette droite.    - aes flexum, Ov.: trompette recourbée.    - aes thermarum, Mart.: la cloche des bains publics.    - aera legum, Tac.: tables des lois. [st1]3 [-] as, monnaie, argent.    - aes grave, Liv.: grosse monnaie.    - aes alienum: dette, argent emprunté.    - in aere alieno esse: avoir des dettes.    - in aere alieno nullo esse: n'avoir aucune dette.    - aere alieno opprimi (obrui): être accablé de dettes.    - in aere meo est, Cic. Fam, 15, 14, 1: il est tout à moi.    - in aes alienum incidere: s'endetter.    - argentum aere solutum est, Sall.: on paya un as pour un sesterce, les dettes furent réduites au quart.    - gravis aere, Virg.: chargé d'argent.    - meret aera, Hor.: il gagne de l'argent.    - aere alieno aliquem levare, Cic.: acquitter les dettes de qqn.    - aeris (= assium) triciens: trois millions d'as.    - magister alicujus aeris, Gell. 18, 5: un maître de quelque valeur.    - aere suo censeri, Sen.: valoir par soi-même. [st1]4 [-] solde militaire, salaire, profit.    - aere dirutus est, Cic.: il a été privé de sa paie.    - istius aera vetera, Cic.: ses anciens états de service.    - studium quod ad aes exit, Sen.: étude qui a le gain pour but.    - aes manuarium, Gell.: gain du jeu, argent gagné au jeu.    - sonat aes thermarum, Mart. 14: la clochette des bains sonne. - voir hors site aes thermarum.
    * * *
    aes, aeris, n. [st1]1 [-] airain, cuivre, bronze.    - panes aeris, Plin.: lingots d'airain.    - aes temperare, Plin.: tremper l'airain.    - ducere ex aere, Plin.: couler en bronze.    - aes Cyprium: cuivre (rouge).    - aere solum tractare, Lucr.: travailler la terre avec l'airain. [st1]2 [-] ouvrage en cuivre ou en bronze.    - paterae et aera, Hor.: des patères et des coupes.    - pontum confindere aere, Tib.: fendre la mer avec la proue d'airain.    - abdere aera cibis, Ov.: cacher l'hameçon sous l'appât.    - aere caput fulgens, Virg.: tête resplendissante sous le casque.    - aera micantia, Virg.: cuirasses brillantes.    - aes rectum, Ov.: trompette droite.    - aes flexum, Ov.: trompette recourbée.    - aes thermarum, Mart.: la cloche des bains publics.    - aera legum, Tac.: tables des lois. [st1]3 [-] as, monnaie, argent.    - aes grave, Liv.: grosse monnaie.    - aes alienum: dette, argent emprunté.    - in aere alieno esse: avoir des dettes.    - in aere alieno nullo esse: n'avoir aucune dette.    - aere alieno opprimi (obrui): être accablé de dettes.    - in aere meo est, Cic. Fam, 15, 14, 1: il est tout à moi.    - in aes alienum incidere: s'endetter.    - argentum aere solutum est, Sall.: on paya un as pour un sesterce, les dettes furent réduites au quart.    - gravis aere, Virg.: chargé d'argent.    - meret aera, Hor.: il gagne de l'argent.    - aere alieno aliquem levare, Cic.: acquitter les dettes de qqn.    - aeris (= assium) triciens: trois millions d'as.    - magister alicujus aeris, Gell. 18, 5: un maître de quelque valeur.    - aere suo censeri, Sen.: valoir par soi-même. [st1]4 [-] solde militaire, salaire, profit.    - aere dirutus est, Cic.: il a été privé de sa paie.    - istius aera vetera, Cic.: ses anciens états de service.    - studium quod ad aes exit, Sen.: étude qui a le gain pour but.    - aes manuarium, Gell.: gain du jeu, argent gagné au jeu.    - sonat aes thermarum, Mart. 14: la clochette des bains sonne. - voir hors site aes thermarum.
    * * *
        AEs, aeris, neu. gen. Genus est metalli. Plin. Arain, ou cuyvre.
    \
        AEs coronarium. Du leton.
    \
        AEs regulare, siue ductile. Arain.
    \
        AEs caldarium. Cuyvre.
    \
        AEra pro Operibus ex aere factis. Virg. Ouvrages faicts de cuyvre, ou d'arain.
    \
        AEs, pecunia ex aere facta. Plaut. Ter. Pli. Monnoye de billon.
    \
        AEre dirutus miles. Cic. Gendarme cassé aux gages.
    \
        AEs alienum. Ci. Les debtes que nous debvons, ou qu'on nous doibt.
    \
        AEs meum alienum. Cic. Ce que je doy.
    \
        AEs alienum tuum. Cic. Tes debtes, Ce que tu doibs.
    \
        AEs alienum cogere. Plaut. S'endebter.
    \
        Conflare aes alienum. Sallust. S'endebter.
    \
        Nouum aes alienum contrahere. Cic. S'endebter de nouveau.
    \
        Crescit tibi aes alienum. Cic. Tes debtes s'augmentent.
    \
        AEs alienum dissoluere. Cic. S'acquicter, Payer ses debtes.
    \
        Donare aes alienum. Brut. Ciceroni. Remettre les debtes, Quicter.
    \
        In aere alieno nullo esse. Cic. Ne debvoir rien.
    \
        Exire aere alieno. Cic. Sortir de ses debtes, S'acquicter, Les payer.
    \
        Facere aes alienum. Liu. S'endebter.
    \
        Habere aes alienum. Cic. Estre endebté.
    \
        Laborare ex aere alieno. Caesar. Estre fort endebté, Devoir beaucoup, et ne povoir payer.
    \
        Liberare se maximo aere alieno. Cic. S'acquicter et delivrer de grandes debtes.
    \
        Luere aes alienum. Curt. Payer les debtes.
    \
        AEre alieno obstringere omnes amicos. Brut ad Ciceronem. Faire que nos amis empruntent pour nous faire plaisir.
    \
        AEs alienum alicuius suscipere. Cic. Prendre sur soy les debtes d'un autre, Soy charger d'acquicter autruy de ses debtes.
    \
        AEs circunforaneum. Cic. Argent prins à interest, ou perte de finance.
    \
        AEs graue. Liu. Arain en masse.
    \
        AEs signatum, Arain monnoyé et marqué.
    \
        In aere meo est. Cice. Il est de mes amis, Il est des miens, Il est à moy à vendre et à despendre.
    \
        AEre meo me lacessis. Plaut. Tu me fais de tel pain soupe.
    \
        AEs militare. Asconius. Argent de quoy on paye les gensdarmes.
    \
        Acuta aera. Horat. Qui tintent cler.
    \
        AEs conflare. Plin. Fondre à force de souffler.
    \
        Ex aere aliquem ducere. Virg. Le faire de fonte, Faire d'arain la statue de quelcun.
    \
        Tacent aera. Stat. Cessent de sonner.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > aes

  • 2 aes

    aes, aeris, n. (got. aiz [Genet. aizis], indogerm. aýah, ahd. er, Grundform * ajes, vgl. aēnus aus *ajes-nus), das Erz, I) eig., sowohl einfaches Erz, bes. Kupfererz, Kupfer, als jedes zu einer Einheit verbundene »Mischmetall«, Bronze, a) übh.: aes minutum, kleine Erzstückchen (von Kindern beim Spiel als Geld gebraucht), Sen.: regio aeris ac plumbi uberrima, Iustin.: aes conflare et temperare, Plin.: aes fundere, Plin.: aes fundere procudereque, Iustin. 36, 4, 4.: alqm ex aere fundere od. ducere od. facere, Plin.: u. so ducere aera alci, Hor.: simulacrum ex aere facere alci, Plin.: pedestris ex aere statua, Cic.: multa ex aere fabre facta, Liv. – poet. (v. ehernen Zeitalter), ut inquinavit aere tempus aureum; aere, dehinc ferro duravit saecula, Hor. epod. 16, 64 sq. – b) bes. Kupfererz, Kupfer, vollst. aes Cyprium gen., Plin.: dah. scoria aeris, Plin.: flos aeris, Plin.: squama aeris, Cels.

    II) meton., das aus Erz Bereitete: A) im allg. (bes. b. Dichtern), Erz, Bronze, Kupfer = eherne, bronzene, kupferne Gefäße, Waffen, Statuen, Gesetztafeln u. dgl. (Plur. gew. nur im Nomin. u. Akk. aera), aes cavum, Kessel, Ov.: aes concavum, eherne Himmelskugel, Lact.: aera aere repulsa, eherne Becken, Zimbeln, Ov.: so nocturno aeris sono, Vell.: u. aeris crepitus, Liv.: u. aera Temesea, eherne Becken in Temesa (bei Zaubereien), Ov.: u. Corybantia, beim Kybeledienst, Verg.: eius aera refigere, eherne Gesetztafeln, Cic.: so aera legum figere, Tac., aes figere, Plin. ep. u. Ov.: u. legum aera liquefacta sunt, Cic.: u. aes publicum per fora ac templa fixum, metallene Maueranschläge, Staatsinschriften, Tac. ann. 11, 14 extr. u. so fixum est aere publico senatusconsultum, Tac. ann. 12, 53: aere ciēre viros, mit der Tuba, Verg.: so aes rectum, Iuven.: aera unca, die Angel, Ov.: dempto aere, Helm, Ov.: geminant aera, Waffen, Hor.: marmor aeraque, Statuen aus Marmor u. Erz, Hor.: illi robur et aes triplex circa pectus erat, Eichenholz panzerte seine Brust u. dreifaltiges Erz (poet. = war sehr abgehärtet), Hor.

    B) insbes., das Geld, 1) Bronze- od. Kupfergeld, urspr. ungemünztes (aes rude), aus Stücken Kupfer bestehendes u. nach dem Gewicht berechnetes, s. Plin. 33, 42; – dann gemünztes u. nun zählbares gegossenes, in urspr. pfündigen Assen (librales asses); dah. aere et librā u. dgl., s. lībra. – aes grave, altes Geld, die spätere Bezeichnung des alten, pfündigen Asses, als ein neues, leichteres As eingeführt war (s. Plin. 33, 42: Librales asses appendebantur, quare aeris gravis poena dicta est), aes grave plaustris in aerarium convehentes, Liv.: dena milia gravis aeris, Liv.: u. bes. bei Strafansätzen, denis milibus aeris gravis reos condemnavit, Liv.: häufig der Genet. aeris ellipt. für aeris librae od. asses, zB. tressis, ex tribus aeris quod sit, Varr.: viginti aeris poena sunto, Gell.: gew. bei milia, wie terna od. quinquaginta milia aeris (i.e. assium), Nep. u. Liv.: sowie mit den Zahladverbien bei runden Summen von einer Million an (mit Auslassung von centena milia), habere aeris milies (100 Millionen) od. tricies (3 Millionen), Cic.: usque ad decies aeris (10 Millionen Asse), Liv. – argentum aere solutum est, statt des (silbernen) Sesterz das (kupferne) As, od. statt des Ganzen ein Viertel (weil damals 4 As auf einen Sesterz gingen), Sall. Cat. 33, 3 (vgl. Vell. 2, 23, 2). – Dah. aes bes. nach der letzten Reduktion des As (s. as) als geringe (Scheide-)Münze, etwa wie unser Dreier, curque iuvent nostras aera vetusta manus. Aera dabant olim, Ov.: centum aureolos sic velut aera roget, Mart.: modius datur aere quaterno, Mart.: non duo aera, non assem, non denarium, sed quadrantem posuit hoc loco, Ambros. – 2) übh. Geld von jeder Art (wie pecunia, nummus), si aes habent, dant mercem, Plaut.: ancilla aere suo empta, Ter.: gravis aere dextra, Verg.: meo sum pauper in aere, bin arm, doch schuldenfrei, Hor.: cum pretiosum aere parvo fundum abstulisset, um ein Spottgeld, Macr.: pueri qui nondum aere lavantur, die noch nicht für Geld baden (= Kinder unter 4 Jahren, die die öffentlichen Bäder umsonst hatten, während ältere Kinder u. erwachsene Personen einen Quadrans [1/3 As] zahlten), Iuven. – übtr., der Wert, si praelectorem habuisset alicuius aeris, von einigem Wert, Gell.: suo aere censeri, nach eigenem Wert (nicht nach Außendingen) geschätzt werden, Sen. – Insbes.: a) aes meum, tuum, suum, mir usw. eigenes Geld, Aktivvermögen, ICt., dah. übtr., est alqs in meo aere, es gehört jmd. gleichs. zu meinen Aktiven, gehört mir an, ist mir verpflichtet, Cic. – dagegen aes alienum (selten alienum aes), fremdes, entlehntes (aes mutuum bei Sall. Iug. 96, 2) Geld, Passivvermögen, Schulden, aes meum alienum, Cic.: leve aes alienum debitorem facit, grave inimicum, Sen.: alienum aes cogere, Plaut.: aes alienum facere od. contrahere, Cic.: aes. al. grande conflare, Sall.: in aes al. incĭdere, Cic.: aes al. habere, Cic. u. Sen. rhet.: non modo in aere alieno nullo, sed in suis nummis multis esse, Cic.: aere alieno demersum esse, tief in Schulden stecken, Liv.: aere al. oppressum esse. Cic.: alqm aere al. levare, Cic.: alqm omni aere alieno liberare, Cic.: multas civitates falso aere al. liberare, von mit Unrecht aufgebürdeten Sch., Cic.: aere al. exire od. expediri, Cic., od. exsolvi, Liv., schuldenfrei werden: aes al. minuere, Plin. ep., solvere od. dissolvere, Cic., persolvere, Sall., exsolvere, Plin. ep.: aeris alieni od. alieni aeris solutio, Liv. – auch aes allein = »Schulden«, pro aere Tusculanum proscripsisse audio, Cic.: aes confessum, XII tabb. b. Gell. – admonitus huius aeris alieni, an diese Schuld (des unerfüllten Versprechens), Schuldigkeit, Cic. – b) der Lohn, Sold, die Zahlung für geleistete Arbeit oder Dienste, α) übh.: aes datur, der Lohn der Handwerker, Plaut.: aera poposcit, heischte die Zahlung (den Hurenlohn), Iuven.: quod ad aes exit, auf Lohn (Geld) ausgeht = Gewinn beabsichtigt, Sen. – β) der Sold der Soldaten, die Löhnung, aes militare, Cato fr. u.a.: aera militum, Plin.: aera equestria, Cato fr.: aera militibus constituere, dare, Liv.: aera omnibus procedunt, Liv.: annua aera habes, annuam operam ede, Liv. – aere dirutus, s. dī-ruo. – dah. sarkastisch, omnia istius aera illa vetera, alle seine alten Kampagnen (im Sold der Liebe u. des Spieles), Cic. Verr. 5, 33. – c) aes equestre, das Ausrüstungsgeld für das Reitpferd eines röm. Ritters (nach Liv. 1, 43, 9 im Betrage von 10000 As), Gaius instit. 4, 27. – d) aes hordearium, das jährliche Ritterpferdsgeld (= Jahrgeld zur Unterhaltung der Ritterpferde), Gauis instit. 4, 27, das begüterte Erbinnen (Waisen od. Witwen) jede für einen Ritter tragen mußten (s. Liv. 1, 43, 9; vgl. Cic. de rep. 2, 36), Gaius instit. 4, 27: hierher gehört wohl cedit miles, aes petit, Plaut. aul. 526; vgl. ibid. 528. – e) aes manuarium, das im Würfelspiel gewonnene Geld, Gell. 18, 13, 4 (da manus = der Wurf im Spiel, Suet, Aug. 71, 3). – f) aes circumforaneum, das von den Geldwechslern (die ihre Buden in den um das Forum herumgehenden Portikus hatten) entlehnte Geld, Cic. ad Att. 2, 1, 9. – g) aes Martium, die Kriegsbeute (weil gewisse Stücke der Beute immer dem Mars dargebracht wurden), Inscr. in der Zeitschr. für Altertumsw. 1845. S. 787. – 3) Plur. aera, die einzelnen Posten einer berechneten Summe, Lucil. sat. 29, 8. Cic. Hortens. fr. 50. p. 61 K. (fr. 59. p. 319 M.): conficienda sunt aera, Sen. ep. 26, 8 (nach Madv. adv. crit., 2, 472) – /Nach Diom. 328, 14 war im Plur. nur Nomin. u. Akk. aera üblich; doch kommt noch vor Genet. aerum, Cato or. fr. 64, 1. Corp. inscr. Lat. 13, 8736, heteroklit. aerorum, Corp. inscr. Lat. 13, 6959: Dat. od. Abl. aeribus, Cato or. fr. 64, 2. Lucr. 2, 636. Arnob. 3, 41. – Archaist. Genet. Sing. aerus, Corp. inscr. Lat. 4, 2440: Dat. aere, Corp. inscr. Lat. 3, 6076. Cic. ep. 7, 13, 2. Liv. 31, 13, 5.

    lateinisch-deutsches > aes

  • 3 aes

    aes, aeris, n. (got. aiz [Genet. aizis], indogerm. aэah, ahd. er, Grundform * ajes, vgl. aēnus aus *ajes-nus), das Erz, I) eig., sowohl einfaches Erz, bes. Kupfererz, Kupfer, als jedes zu einer Einheit verbundene »Mischmetall«, Bronze, a) übh.: aes minutum, kleine Erzstückchen (von Kindern beim Spiel als Geld gebraucht), Sen.: regio aeris ac plumbi uberrima, Iustin.: aes conflare et temperare, Plin.: aes fundere, Plin.: aes fundere procudereque, Iustin. 36, 4, 4.: alqm ex aere fundere od. ducere od. facere, Plin.: u. so ducere aera alci, Hor.: simulacrum ex aere facere alci, Plin.: pedestris ex aere statua, Cic.: multa ex aere fabre facta, Liv. – poet. (v. ehernen Zeitalter), ut inquinavit aere tempus aureum; aere, dehinc ferro duravit saecula, Hor. epod. 16, 64 sq. – b) bes. Kupfererz, Kupfer, vollst. aes Cyprium gen., Plin.: dah. scoria aeris, Plin.: flos aeris, Plin.: squama aeris, Cels.
    II) meton., das aus Erz Bereitete: A) im allg. (bes. b. Dichtern), Erz, Bronze, Kupfer = eherne, bronzene, kupferne Gefäße, Waffen, Statuen, Gesetztafeln u. dgl. (Plur. gew. nur im Nomin. u. Akk. aera), aes cavum, Kessel, Ov.: aes concavum, eherne Himmelskugel, Lact.: aera aere repulsa, eherne Becken, Zimbeln, Ov.: so nocturno aeris sono, Vell.: u. aeris crepitus, Liv.: u. aera Temesea, eherne Becken in Temesa (bei Zaubereien), Ov.: u. Corybantia, beim Kybe-
    ————
    ledienst, Verg.: eius aera refigere, eherne Gesetztafeln, Cic.: so aera legum figere, Tac., aes figere, Plin. ep. u. Ov.: u. legum aera liquefacta sunt, Cic.: u. aes publicum per fora ac templa fixum, metallene Maueranschläge, Staatsinschriften, Tac. ann. 11, 14 extr. u. so fixum est aere publico senatusconsultum, Tac. ann. 12, 53: aere ciēre viros, mit der Tuba, Verg.: so aes rectum, Iuven.: aera unca, die Angel, Ov.: dempto aere, Helm, Ov.: geminant aera, Waffen, Hor.: marmor aeraque, Statuen aus Marmor u. Erz, Hor.: illi robur et aes triplex circa pectus erat, Eichenholz panzerte seine Brust u. dreifaltiges Erz (poet. = war sehr abgehärtet), Hor.
    B) insbes., das Geld, 1) Bronze- od. Kupfergeld, urspr. ungemünztes (aes rude), aus Stücken Kupfer bestehendes u. nach dem Gewicht berechnetes, s. Plin. 33, 42; – dann gemünztes u. nun zählbares gegossenes, in urspr. pfündigen Assen (librales asses); dah. aere et librā u. dgl., s. libra. – aes grave, altes Geld, die spätere Bezeichnung des alten, pfündigen Asses, als ein neues, leichteres As eingeführt war (s. Plin. 33, 42: Librales asses appendebantur, quare aeris gravis poena dicta est), aes grave plaustris in aerarium convehentes, Liv.: dena milia gravis aeris, Liv.: u. bes. bei Strafansätzen, denis milibus aeris gravis reos condemnavit, Liv.: häufig der Genet. aeris ellipt. für aeris librae od. asses, zB. tressis, ex
    ————
    tribus aeris quod sit, Varr.: viginti aeris poena sunto, Gell.: gew. bei milia, wie terna od. quinquaginta milia aeris (i.e. assium), Nep. u. Liv.: sowie mit den Zahladverbien bei runden Summen von einer Million an (mit Auslassung von centena milia), habere aeris milies (100 Millionen) od. tricies (3 Millionen), Cic.: usque ad decies aeris (10 Millionen Asse), Liv. – argentum aere solutum est, statt des (silbernen) Sesterz das (kupferne) As, od. statt des Ganzen ein Viertel (weil damals 4 As auf einen Sesterz gingen), Sall. Cat. 33, 3 (vgl. Vell. 2, 23, 2). – Dah. aes bes. nach der letzten Reduktion des As (s. as) als geringe (Scheide-)Münze, etwa wie unser Dreier, curque iuvent nostras aera vetusta manus. Aera dabant olim, Ov.: centum aureolos sic velut aera roget, Mart.: modius datur aere quaterno, Mart.: non duo aera, non assem, non denarium, sed quadrantem posuit hoc loco, Ambros. – 2) übh. Geld von jeder Art (wie pecunia, nummus), si aes habent, dant mercem, Plaut.: ancilla aere suo empta, Ter.: gravis aere dextra, Verg.: meo sum pauper in aere, bin arm, doch schuldenfrei, Hor.: cum pretiosum aere parvo fundum abstulisset, um ein Spottgeld, Macr.: pueri qui nondum aere lavantur, die noch nicht für Geld baden (= Kinder unter 4 Jahren, die die öffentlichen Bäder umsonst hatten, während ältere Kinder u. erwachsene Personen einen Quadrans [1/3 As] zahlten), Iuven. –
    ————
    übtr., der Wert, si praelectorem habuisset alicuius aeris, von einigem Wert, Gell.: suo aere censeri, nach eigenem Wert (nicht nach Außendingen) geschätzt werden, Sen. – Insbes.: a) aes meum, tuum, suum, mir usw. eigenes Geld, Aktivvermögen, ICt., dah. übtr., est alqs in meo aere, es gehört jmd. gleichs. zu meinen Aktiven, gehört mir an, ist mir verpflichtet, Cic. – dagegen aes alienum (selten alienum aes), fremdes, entlehntes (aes mutuum bei Sall. Iug. 96, 2) Geld, Passivvermögen, Schulden, aes meum alienum, Cic.: leve aes alienum debitorem facit, grave inimicum, Sen.: alienum aes cogere, Plaut.: aes alienum facere od. contrahere, Cic.: aes. al. grande conflare, Sall.: in aes al. incĭdere, Cic.: aes al. habere, Cic. u. Sen. rhet.: non modo in aere alieno nullo, sed in suis nummis multis esse, Cic.: aere alieno demersum esse, tief in Schulden stecken, Liv.: aere al. oppressum esse. Cic.: alqm aere al. levare, Cic.: alqm omni aere alieno liberare, Cic.: multas civitates falso aere al. liberare, von mit Unrecht aufgebürdeten Sch., Cic.: aere al. exire od. expediri, Cic., od. exsolvi, Liv., schuldenfrei werden: aes al. minuere, Plin. ep., solvere od. dissolvere, Cic., persolvere, Sall., exsolvere, Plin. ep.: aeris alieni od. alieni aeris solutio, Liv. – auch aes allein = »Schulden«, pro aere Tusculanum proscripsisse audio, Cic.: aes confessum, XII tabb. b. Gell. – admonitus huius aeris alieni, an diese Schuld
    ————
    (des unerfüllten Versprechens), Schuldigkeit, Cic. – b) der Lohn, Sold, die Zahlung für geleistete Arbeit oder Dienste, α) übh.: aes datur, der Lohn der Handwerker, Plaut.: aera poposcit, heischte die Zahlung (den Hurenlohn), Iuven.: quod ad aes exit, auf Lohn (Geld) ausgeht = Gewinn beabsichtigt, Sen. – β) der Sold der Soldaten, die Löhnung, aes militare, Cato fr. u.a.: aera militum, Plin.: aera equestria, Cato fr.: aera militibus constituere, dare, Liv.: aera omnibus procedunt, Liv.: annua aera habes, annuam operam ede, Liv. – aere dirutus, s. diruo. – dah. sarkastisch, omnia istius aera illa vetera, alle seine alten Kampagnen (im Sold der Liebe u. des Spieles), Cic. Verr. 5, 33. – c) aes equestre, das Ausrüstungsgeld für das Reitpferd eines röm. Ritters (nach Liv. 1, 43, 9 im Betrage von 10000 As), Gaius instit. 4, 27. – d) aes hordearium, das jährliche Ritterpferdsgeld (= Jahrgeld zur Unterhaltung der Ritterpferde), Gauis instit. 4, 27, das begüterte Erbinnen (Waisen od. Witwen) jede für einen Ritter tragen mußten (s. Liv. 1, 43, 9; vgl. Cic. de rep. 2, 36), Gaius instit. 4, 27: hierher gehört wohl cedit miles, aes petit, Plaut. aul. 526; vgl. ibid. 528. – e) aes manuarium, das im Würfelspiel gewonnene Geld, Gell. 18, 13, 4 (da manus = der Wurf im Spiel, Suet, Aug. 71, 3). – f) aes circumforaneum, das von den Geldwechslern (die ihre Buden in den um das Forum herumgehenden
    ————
    Portikus hatten) entlehnte Geld, Cic. ad Att. 2, 1, 9. – g) aes Martium, die Kriegsbeute (weil gewisse Stücke der Beute immer dem Mars dargebracht wurden), Inscr. in der Zeitschr. für Altertumsw. 1845. S. 787. – 3) Plur. aera, die einzelnen Posten einer berechneten Summe, Lucil. sat. 29, 8. Cic. Hortens. fr. 50. p. 61 K. (fr. 59. p. 319 M.): conficienda sunt aera, Sen. ep. 26, 8 (nach Madv. adv. crit., 2, 472) – ⇒Nach Diom. 328, 14 war im Plur. nur Nomin. u. Akk. aera üblich; doch kommt noch vor Genet. aerum, Cato or. fr. 64, 1. Corp. inscr. Lat. 13, 8736, heteroklit. aerorum, Corp. inscr. Lat. 13, 6959: Dat. od. Abl. aeribus, Cato or. fr. 64, 2. Lucr. 2, 636. Arnob. 3, 41. – Archaist. Genet. Sing. aerus, Corp. inscr. Lat. 4, 2440: Dat. aere, Corp. inscr. Lat. 3, 6076. Cic. ep. 7, 13, 2. Liv. 31, 13, 5.

    Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > aes

  • 4 aes

    aes, aeris (often used in plur. nom. and acc.; abl. aeribus, Cato ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 27 Müll., and Lucr. 2, 636; gen. AERVM, Inscr. Orell. 3551), n. [cf. Germ. Eisen = iron, Erz = copper; Goth. aiz = copper, gold; Angl.Sax. ar, ær = ore, copper, brass; Eng. iron, ore; Lat. aurum; with the com. notion of brightness; cf. aurora, etc.].
    I.
    Any crude metal dug out of the earth, except gold and silver; esp.,
    a.
    Aes Cyprium, whence cuprum, copper: scoria aeris, copper dross or scoria, Plin. 34, 11, 24, § 107:

    aeris flos,

    flowers of copper, id. 34, 11, 24, § 107:

    squama aeris,

    scales of copper, Cels. 2, 12 init.:

    aes fundere,

    Plin. 33, 5, 30, § 94:

    conflare et temperare,

    id. 7, 56, 57, § 197:

    India neque aes neque plumbum habet,

    id. 34, 17, 48, § 163:

    aurum et argentum et aes,

    Vulg. Ex. 25, 3.—
    b.
    An alloy, for the most part of copper and tin, bronze (brass, an alloy of copper and zinc, was hardly known to the ancients. For their bronze coins the Greeks adhered to copper and tin till B.C. 400, after which they added lead. Silver is rare in Greek bronze coins. The Romans admitted lead into their bronze coins, but gradually reduced the quantity, and, under Calig., Nero, Vesp., and Domit., issued pure copper coins, and then reverted to the mixture of lead. In the bronze mirrors now existing, which are nearly all Etruscan, silver predominated to give a highly reflecting surface. The antique bronze had about 87 parts of copper to 13 of tin. An analysis of several objects has given the following centesimal parts: statua ex aere, Cic. Phil. 9, 6:

    simulacrum ex aere factum,

    Plin. 34, 4, 9, § 15:

    valvas ex aere factitavere,

    id. 34, 3, 7, § 13.—Hence:

    ducere aliquem ex aere,

    to cast one's image in bronze, id. 7, 37, 38, § 125; and in the same sense poet.:

    ducere aera,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 240:

    aes Corinthium,

    Plin. 34, 2, 3, §§ 5-8; v. Corinthius.—
    II.
    Meton.
    A.
    (Esp. in the poets.) For everything made or prepared from copper, bronze, etc. ( statues, tables of laws, money), and (as the ancients had the art of hardening and tempering copper and bronze) weapons, armor, utensils of husbandry: aes sonit, franguntur hastae, the trumpet sounds, Enn. ap. Non. 504, 32 (Trag. v. 213 Vahl.):

    Et prior aeris erat quam ferri cognitus usus: Aere solum terrae tractabant, aereque belli Miscebant fluctus et vulnera vasta serebant, etc.,

    Lucr. 5, 1287:

    quae ille in aes incidit, in quo populi jussa perpetuasque leges esse voluit,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 17; cf. id. Fam. 12, 1; Tac. A. 11, 14; 12, 53; id. H. 4, 40: aere ( with the trumpet, horn) ciere viros, Verg. A. 6, 165:

    non tuba directi, non aeris cornua flexi,

    Ov. M. 1, 98 (hence also rectum aes, the tuba, in contr. with the crooked buccina, Juv. 2, 118); a brazen prow, Verg. A. 1, 35; the brazen age, Hor. Epod. 16, 64.—In plur.: aera, Cato ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 27 Müll.; Verg. A. 2, 734; Hor. C. 4, 8, 2 al.—
    B.
    Money: the first Roman money consisted of small rude masses of copper, called aes rude, Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 43; afterwards as coined:

    aes signatum,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 3; Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 43;

    so aes alone: si aes habent, dant mercem,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 49:

    ancilla aere suo empta,

    Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 26: aes circumforaneum. borrowed from the brokers in the forum, Cic. Att. 2, 1: Hic meret aera liber Sosiis, earns them money, Hor. A. P. [p. 61] 345:

    gravis aere dextra,

    Verg. E. 1, 36:

    effusum est aes tuum,

    Vulg. Ez. 16, 36:

    neque in zona aes (tollerent),

    ib. Maarc. 6, 8:

    etiam aureos nummos aes dicimus,

    Dig. 50, 16, 159.—Hence,
    1.
    Aes alienum, lit. the money of another; hence, in reference to him who has it, the sum owed, a debt, Plaut. Curc. 3, 1, 2:

    habere aes alienum,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 6:

    aes alienum amicorum suscipere,

    to take upon one's self, id. Off. 2, 16:

    contrahere,

    to run up, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:

    facere,

    id. Att. 13, 46:

    conflare,

    Sall. C. 14, 2; 24, 3:

    in aes alienum incidere,

    to fall into debt, Cic. Cat. 2, 9:

    in aere alieno esse,

    to be in debt, id. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 6; so,

    aere alieno oppressum esse,

    id. Font. 1; so Vulg. 1 Reg. 22, 2:

    laborare ex aere alieno,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 22:

    liberare se aere alieno,

    to get quit of, Cic. Att. 6, 2; so,

    aes alienum dissolvere,

    id. Sull. 56:

    aere alieno exire,

    to get out of, id. Phil. 11, 6.—
    2.
    In aere meo est, trop., he is, as it were, among my effects, he is my friend (only in the language of common conversation):

    in animo habui te in aere meo esse propter Lamiae nostri conjunctionem,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 62; 15, 14.—
    * 3.
    Alicujus aeris esse, to be of some value, Gell. 18, 5.—
    * 4.
    In aere suo censeri, to be esteemed according to its own worth, Sen. Ep. 87.—
    C.
    Sometimes = as, the unit of the standard of money (cf. as); hence, aes grave, the old heary money (as weighed, not counted out):

    denis milibus aeris gravis reos condemnavit,

    Liv. 5, 12:

    indicibus dena milia aeris gravis, quae tum divitiae habebantur, data,

    id. 4, 60; so, aes alone and in the gen. sing., instead of assium:

    aeris miliens, triciens,

    a hundred millions, three millions, Cic. Rep. 3, 10:

    qui milibus aeris quinquaginta census fuisset,

    Liv. 24, 11.—Also for coins that are smaller than an as (quadrans, triens, etc.):

    nec pueri credunt, nisi qui nondum aere, i. e. quadrante, lavantur (those who bathed paid each a quadrans),

    Juv. 2, 152 (cf.:

    dum tu quadrante lavatum Rex ibis,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 137).—
    D.
    Wages, pay.
    1.
    A soldier's pay = stipendium:

    negabant danda esse aera militibus,

    Liv. 5, 4. And soon after: annua aera habes: annuam operam ede.— Hence in plur., = stipendia, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 33.—
    2.
    Reward, payment, in gen., Juv. 6, 125: nullum in bonis numero, quod ad aes exit, that has in view or aims at pay, reward, Sen. Ep. 88.—
    E.
    In plur.: aera, counters; hence also the items of a computed sum (for which, later, a sing. form aera, ae (q. v.), came into use): si aera singula probāsti, summam, quae ex his confecta sit, non probare? Cic. ap. Non. 3, 18.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aes

  • 5 aes

        aes aeris, n    crude metal, base metal, copper: uti aere pro nummo, Cs.: aeris metalla, V.— Hence, bronze, an alloy of copper and tin: ex aere statua.—As symbol of indomitable courage: aes triplex Circa pectus, H.; of durability: monumentum aere perennius, H.: quae (acta) ille in aes incidit, i. e. engraved on a copper tablet for deposit in the aerarium: in aere incidere: aera legum, i. e. tablets inscribed with the laws.—Plur., works of art in bronze, bronzes: grata aera, H.: aera voltum simulantia, a bust, H.: aere ciere viros, a trumpet, V.: aeris cornua flexi, O.— Plur, cymbals, H.: aera micantia cerno, i. e. arms of bronze, V.: spumas salis aere ruebant, with the prow, V.: inquinavit aere tempus aureum, i. e. degeneracy, H.: aes exigitur, i. e. money, H.: meret aera, earns money, H.: gravis aere dextra, V.: danda aera militibus, L.: octonis referentes Idibus aera, i. e. carrying the teacher's fees, H.—Esp. in the phrases, aes alienum, another's money, i. e. debt: aes alienum suscipere amicorum, assume: in aere alieno esse: conflare, S.: aere alieno premi, Cs.: dissolvere, discharge: solvere, S.: te aere alieno liberare: ex aere alieno laborare, to be oppressed by debt, Cs.: nexus ob aes alienum, bound for debt, L. —Hence, librāque et aere liberatus, released from the debtor's bond, L.—Aes mutuum reddere, borrowed money, S.—Aes suum, one's own money: meosum pauper in aere, i. e. I am poor, but not in debt, H.—Fig. (colloq.): te in meo aere esse, i. e. at my service. — The unit of the coin standard (cf. as): aes grave, the old heavy money, a pound of copper: denis millibus aeris gravis reos condemnat, L.— And aes alone and in the gen sing. (cf assium): aeris miliens, triciens, C., L.—Fig., wages earned: annua aera habes, L.; hence, military service: istius aera illa vetera, campaigns.
    * * *
    money, pay, fee, fare; copper/bronze/brass, base metal; (w/alienum) debt; gong

    Latin-English dictionary > aes

  • 6 aes

    aes aes alienum( sing. tant.) долг, долги

    Латинско-русский словарь > aes

  • 7 aes

    aes aes, aeris n медь

    Латинско-русский словарь > aes

  • 8 aes

    aeris n. (арх. dat. aere C, L ; pl.: преим. nom. /acc. aera, редко gen. um и dat. /abl. ibus)
    1) медь, бронза ( simulacrum ex aere factum L)
    3)
    а) медное или бронзовое изделие
    б) кимвалы (aeris crepitus L)
    (тж. legum aera C) доски (скрижали) с начертанными на них законами (aes figere T, Pl, O)
    г) оружие, доспехи (aes triplex H; aera fulgent V)
    4) монета, деньги
    aes rude PM — медь в слитках (весовая); сто тысяч ассов
    5) мелкая монета, «грош» ( после обесценения) O, M etc.
    parvo aere L, Pt — за небольшие деньги, дёшево
    aes suum Dig — денежный капитал, актив
    aes alienum или mutuum Sl, C etc. — долги, пассив
    aes alienum facere (conflare, contrahere) C Sl — делать долги
    meo sum pauper in aere H я — беден, но долгов не имею
    aes circumforaneum C — деньги, взятые в долг у менял
    7) солдатское жалованье, заработная плата ( aes militare Pl); pl. военная служба, походы ( vetera aera C)
    aes equestre G — сумма, выдававшаяся в армии на покупку лошади

    Латинско-русский словарь > aes

  • 9 aes

    1) сырой материал, медь (1. 36 pr. D. 13, 7. 1. 14. D. 18, 1). 2) медные деньги, чеканенные первоначально в фунтовых accax. Quinque millium aeris patrimonium (Gaj. II. 225);

    centum millia, aeris census (Gaj. II. 274);

    res mille aeris, res minoris quam M. aeris;

    D. aeris sacramentum (Gaj. IV. 14-17);

    ass обозн. также медную монету, которую давал при манципации приобретатель отчуждающему, как символ цены, причем этою монетою он касался весов (libra), которые держал в руках т. н. libripens, весовщик (Gaj. I. 119. III. 167. 174); отсюда testamentum per aes et libram, древняя манципационная форма завещания (Gaj. II. 102, 104. Ulp. XX. 2, 9. § 1. J. 2, 10).

    3) вообще деньги (1. 159. D. 50, 16), aes dare (1. 2 pr. 1. 27. § 5. D. 9, 2), solvere (1. 5 § 18. D. 14, 4), spargere (1. 5 § 1. D. 41, 7);

    aes alienum, долги (Gai. II. 163. III. 84);

    aes suum, долговое требование (1. 213 § 1. D. 50, 16);

    aes al. facere, contrahere (1. 11 D. 2, 11. 1. 27 D. 17, 2. 1. 18 § 5 D. 49, 17), suscipere (1. 32 pr. D. 16, 1. 1. 5 § 10. D. 23, 3);

    liberare aliquem aere al. (1. 27 § 8 D. 15, 1. 1. 50 pr. D. 24, 1);

    deducto aere al. (1. 39 § 1. 1. 125 D. 50, 16);

    aes eqaestre (Gai. IV. 27);

    aes hordiarium (eod.);

    aes militare (eod.).

    Латинско-русский словарь к источникам римского права > aes

  • 10 aes

    , aeris n
      1) медь, бронза;
      2) монета, деньги

    Dictionary Latin-Russian new > aes

  • 11 Aes triplex

    "Тройная медь" - о неустрашимости, о твердости духа.
    Гораций, "Оды", I, 3, 9:
    Círca péctus erát, quí fragilém truci
    Знать, из дуба иль меди грудь
    Тот имел, кто свой хрупкий челн
    Первый.
    (Перевод Н. Гинцбурга)
    ...он [ Пьода ] [ Пьода, Джованни Баттиста (1808-1882) - швейцарский буржуазный политический деятель, итальянец по национальности. - авт. ] проявил если не страстность, то все же живое, чисто итальянское красноречие, прибегая то к античным формам, то к своеобразному современному, иногда преувеличенному ораторскому пафосу. К чести его надо признать, что в этом отношении он сумел соблюсти меру, и эти места его речи были очень эффектны. Но в целом всё его выступление было слишком длинно и слишком эмоционально. Жители немецкой Швейцарии обладают aes triplex Горация, и все красивые сентенции, все благородные чувства доброго Пьода отскочили от их широкой и твердой груди, не произведя никакого впечатления. (Ф. Энгельс, Национальный совет.)

    Латинско-русский словарь крылатых слов и выражений > Aes triplex

  • 12 Ílli róbur et áes triplex

    У того мощь дуба и тройной меди...
    Гораций, "Оды", I, 3, 9:
    Ílli róbur et áes triplex Círca péctus erát quí fragilém truci Cómmisít pelagó ratem Prímus...
    "У того была мощь дуба и тройной меди в груди, кто первый решился доверить грозному морю хрупкую ладью."
    При мысли о том, что Вы теперь купаетесь, я отсюда зябну за Вас! Помилуйте, - мы здесь камин топим - а Вы погружаетесь в пучины морские... Illi et aes triplex et robur, - как говорит Гораций. (И. С. Тургенев - М. М. Стасюлевичу, 4.IX (23.VIII) 1882.)

    Латинско-русский словарь крылатых слов и выражений > Ílli róbur et áes triplex

  • 13 capitarium aes

    căpĭtārĭum aes quod capi potest, Paul. ex Fest. p. 65 Müll.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > capitarium aes

  • 14 dichoneutum aes

    медь, дважды литая, перелитая с примесью (1. 1 C. Th. 11. 21).

    Латинско-русский словарь к источникам римского права > dichoneutum aes

  • 15 "Тройная медь"

    Латинско-русский словарь крылатых слов и выражений > "Тройная медь"

  • 16 solutum

    solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:

    soluisse,

    Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.
    I.
    To loose an object bound, to release, set free, disengage, dissolve, take apart.
    A.
    In a corporeal sense.
    1.
    Outwardly, to release.
    a.
    From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:

    solvite istas,

    i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:

    solvite istum,

    id. Mil. 5, 32:

    numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,

    id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:

    jube solvi (eum),

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:

    ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:

    ut vincti solvantur,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §

    12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,

    id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

    ita nexi soluti (sunt),

    Liv. 8, 28, 9:

    solvite me, pueri,

    Verg. E. 6, 24:

    fore ut brevi solveretur,

    Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:

    canis solutus catena,

    Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:

    solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),

    Stat. Th. 5, 15:

    terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—
    b.
    From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:

    solverat sol equos,

    unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:

    et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:

    et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,

    id. H. 11, 4:

    praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,

    Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:

    soluta toga,

    Quint. 11, 3, 147:

    vela solvere,

    Verg. A. 4, 574.—
    c.
    From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:

    Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,

    Prop. 2, 1, 69:

    fraxinus solvitur,

    from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:

    ceciditque soluta pinus,

    id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:

    pinus radice soluta, deficit,

    id. S. 5, 1, 152:

    solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:

    accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,

    detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;

    but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,

    Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:

    querno solvunt de stipite funem,

    id. F. 4, 333:

    fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,

    id. Am. 2, 11, 23:

    curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),

    Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:

    imber caelesti nube solutus,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:

    cum solis radii absumant,

    Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:

    solutum a latere pugionem,

    detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—
    d.
    Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.
    (α).
    With acc. alone:

    eisce confectis navem solvimus,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:

    navim cupimus solvere,

    id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:

    naves solvit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;

    3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,

    Liv. 45, 6:

    postero die solvere naves (jussi),

    id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:

    classem solvere,

    Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—
    (β).
    With ab and abl.:

    navis a terra solverunt,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 101:

    quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,

    Liv. 31, 7 med.:

    solvunt a litore puppes,

    Luc. 2, 649.—
    (γ).
    With ex and abl.:

    nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:

    interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—
    (δ).
    With abl.:

    complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,

    Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:

    portu solventibus,

    id. Mur. 2, 4.—
    (ε).
    Absol. (sc. navem or naves):

    tertia fere vigilia solvit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 23:

    nos eo die cenati solvimus,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:

    altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,

    Liv. 31, 14 init.:

    qui inde solverant,

    Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:

    solvi mare languido,

    Sen. Ep. 53, 1:

    fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,

    id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:

    non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,

    making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—
    (ζ).
    With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):

    naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—
    (η).
    Poet. usages:

    de litore puppis solvit iter,

    clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:

    nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,

    Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—
    e.
    Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,

    Lucr. 6, 706:

    cruor solvitur,

    Stat. Th. 9, 530:

    lacrimas solvere,

    id. Achill. 2, 256:

    solutis lacrimis,

    Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,

    partus solvere,

    to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—
    2.
    To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.
    a.
    In gen.:

    omne colligatum solvi potest,

    Cic. Fin. 11.—
    b.
    Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    solvere naves et rursus conjungere,

    Curt. 8, 10, 3:

    solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:

    dubitavit an solveret pontem,

    Curt. 4, 16, 8:

    solvere pontem,

    Tac. A. 1, 69:

    si pons solutus sit,

    Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:

    solutus pons tempestatibus,

    Just. 2, 13, 9:

    currum (solis) solutum,

    Manil. 1, 740.—
    c.
    Of woven stuff:

    solvens texta,

    Prop. 2, 9, 6.—
    d.
    Of mountains:

    utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:

    tridente Neptunus montem solvit,

    id. Agam. 553.—
    e.
    Of the neck:

    soluta cervix silicis impulsu,

    broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—
    f.
    Of a comet:

    momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—
    g.
    Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:

    solve capillos,

    Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:

    crinem,

    id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:

    comas casside,

    Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—
    h.
    Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;

    post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:

    ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,

    Stat. Th. 7, 745. —
    3.
    To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.
    (α).
    Of a change into air or gas:

    calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,

    dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:

    nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,

    id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:

    ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,

    Stat. Th. 5, 285;

    nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,

    Ov. M. 15, 845.—
    (β).
    Into a liquid, to melt:

    saepe terra in tabem solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:

    terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,

    id. ib. 3, 29, 4:

    nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,

    Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:

    ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,

    Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,

    nivem solvere,

    id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:

    rigor auri solvitur aestu,

    Lucr. 1, 493:

    ferrum calidi solvant camini,

    Manil. 4, 250:

    cerae igne solutae,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 47:

    Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,

    Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:

    (herba) quinto die solvitur,

    id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—
    (γ).
    Of putrefaction:

    (vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,

    Verg. G. 4, 302.—
    (δ).
    Of change in general:

    inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,

    Ov. F. 1, 108:

    repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),

    Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—
    (ε).
    Of expansion by heat:

    (uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—
    (ζ).
    Hence, solvere, absol., to rarefy:

    gravitas aeris solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 5, 1.—
    (η).
    Solvi in, to pass into, become:

    in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,

    Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:

    donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,

    disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:

    postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),

    Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—
    4.
    To consume, to destroy, dissolve:

    solvere orbes,

    Manil. 1, 497:

    ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),

    Lucr. 3, 287:

    (Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,

    Liv. 39, 40, 11:

    si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:

    (turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,

    id. ib. 7, 9, 4:

    tabes solvit corpora,

    Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:

    nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),

    id. 3, 506:

    ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,

    Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:

    solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,

    Sen. Ep. 22, 3:

    hanc mihi solvite vitam,

    Prop. 2, 9, 39.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.
    a.
    From the body, etc.:

    teque isto corpore solvo,

    Verg. A. 4, 703:

    soluta corpore anima,

    Quint. 5, 14, 13:

    qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,

    Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:

    vocem solvere,

    to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:

    suspiria solvit,

    Stat. Th. 11, 604:

    solvat turba jocos,

    Sen. Med. 114:

    solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:

    Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,

    unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—
    b.
    Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:

    linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,

    Ov. M. 3, 261:

    lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,

    Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:

    ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,

    id. Const. 11, 3:

    (fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,

    Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:

    magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,

    Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.

    of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,

    unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—
    c.
    From obligations and debts:

    solvit me debito,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:

    an nos debito solverit,

    id. Ep. 81, 3:

    ut religione civitas solvatur,

    Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:

    te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),

    Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:

    hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,

    Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:

    sacramento solvi,

    Tac. A. 16, 13:

    cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,

    Dig. 49, 16, 13:

    militia solvere,

    Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:

    ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,

    Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:

    ut manere solveretur,

    that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—
    d.
    From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):

    si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,

    be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:

    atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,

    id. ib. 4, 9:

    sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,

    Ov. F. 6, 452:

    ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,

    id. ib. 2, 40:

    Helenen ego crimine solvo,

    id. A. A. 2, 371:

    quid crimine solvis Germanum?

    Stat. Th. 11, 379:

    solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —
    e.
    From feelings, etc.:

    quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:

    cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,

    Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:

    senatus cura belli solutus,

    Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:

    pectus linquunt cura solutum,

    Lucr. 2, 45:

    his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

    soluti metu,

    Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:

    solvent formidine terras,

    Verg. E. 4, 14:

    solve metu patriam,

    Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:

    metu belli Scythas solvit,

    Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:

    haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,

    Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:

    soluti a cupiditatibus,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:

    his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,

    id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:

    longo luctu,

    Verg. A. 2, 26:

    tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),

    Sen. Hippol. 450:

    solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,

    id. Herc. Fur. 1063:

    Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?

    Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:

    solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),

    the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:

    rabie tigrim,

    Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:

    ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),

    Sen. Ep. 95, 38:

    calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?

    i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:

    solvite animos,

    Manil. 4, 12.—With in:

    vix haec in munera solvo animum,

    i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—
    f.
    From sleep, very rare:

    ego somno solutus sum,

    awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—
    g.
    From labor, business, etc.:

    volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,

    Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:

    solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,

    Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:

    Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,

    to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—
    h.
    From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    frontem solvere disce,

    Mart. 14, 183:

    saltem ora trucesque solve genas,

    Stat. Th. 11, 373:

    solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:

    solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,

    be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:

    vultum risu solvit,

    relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:

    risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,

    Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,

    solvere judicem,

    unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:

    solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),

    Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:

    ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:

    cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?

    Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:

    solventur risu tabulae,

    i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:

    quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,

    Quint. 5, 10, 67.—
    k.
    From any cause of restraint.
    (α).
    To release from siege:

    Bassanitas obsidione solvere,

    Liv. 44, 30:

    patriam obsidione solvere,

    Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —
    (β).
    From moral restraints:

    hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,

    gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—
    l.
    From laws and rules: legibus solvere.
    (α).
    To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:

    Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:

    cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 13, 31:

    ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,

    id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:

    Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),

    id. Att. 1, 16, 13:

    solvatne legibus Scipionem,

    Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:

    petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,

    Liv. 31, 50, 8:

    Scipio legibus solutus est,

    id. Epit. 56:

    Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,

    Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:

    ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,

    Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:

    (aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:

    solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,

    id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:

    nec leti lege solutas,

    Lucr. 3, 687:

    nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),

    Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:

    et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—
    (β).
    Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:

    reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,

    i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:

    soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,

    id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:

    solutus Legibus insanis,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:

    quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,

    Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—
    2.
    To dissolve, separate objects which are united, to break up, dismiss.
    (α).
    Of troops, ranks, etc.:

    ubi ordines procursando solvissent,

    Liv. 42, 65, 8:

    incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,

    Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:

    agmina Diductis solvere choris,

    Verg. A. 5, 581:

    solvit maniplos,

    Juv. 8, 154:

    solvuntur laudata cohors,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:

    commissas acies ego possum solvere,

    Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—
    (β).
    Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:

    convivio soluto,

    Liv. 40, 14 fin.:

    convivium solvit,

    Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:

    Quid cessas convivia solvere?

    Ov. F. 6, 675:

    coetuque soluto Discedunt,

    id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—
    (γ).
    Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:

    (discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,

    Quint. 1, 9, 2:

    quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,

    id. 9, 4, 14:

    ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,

    id. 1, 8, 13:

    non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—
    3.
    Implying a change for the worse.
    a.
    To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):

    Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,

    Sen. Ep. 51, 5:

    usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,

    Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:

    infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,

    Quint. 1, 2, 6:

    solutus luxu,

    id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:

    soluti in luxum,

    Tac. H. 2, 99:

    in lasciviam,

    id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:

    si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,

    Quint. 9, 4, 49.—
    b.
    To make torpid by removing sensation.
    (α).
    To relax, benumb the limbs or body;

    as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,

    Lucr. 6, 798:

    ima Solvuntur latera,

    Verg. G. 3, 523:

    solvi debilitate corporis,

    paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:

    ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,

    Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:

    illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,

    Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:

    segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,

    wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:

    mentes solvere,

    to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—
    (β).
    By frost ( poet.):

    solvuntur illi frigore membra,

    Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—
    (γ).
    By sleep ( poet. for sopio):

    homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,

    Ov. M. 7, 186:

    corpora somnus Solverat,

    id. ib. 10, 369:

    molli languore solutus,

    id. ib. 11, 648;

    11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,

    id. ib. 8, 817:

    somno vinoque solutos,

    id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:

    ut membra solvit sopor,

    id. ib. 12, 867:

    non solvit pectora somnus,

    Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:

    solvitur in somnos,

    Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:

    aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,

    lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—
    (δ).
    By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:

    corporibus quae senectus solvit,

    Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):

    (corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:

    alius inter cenandum solutus est,

    id. Ep. 66, 43:

    ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,

    id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:

    me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,

    Sen. Troad. 605:

    solvi inedia,

    Petr. 111:

    sic morte quasi somno soluta est,

    Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,
    4.
    Of logical dissolution, to refute:

    non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,

    how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:

    argumentum solvere,

    Quint. 2, 17, 34:

    solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,

    Sen. Const. 12, 3.—
    b.
    To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:

    deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.
    II.
    To loose, remove, cancel that which binds any thing.
    A.
    In a corporeal sense.
    1.
    In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;

    post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,

    Quint. 2, 12, 1:

    qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,

    Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:

    supera compage soluta,

    Stat. Th. 8, 31.—
    2.
    To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:

    nullo solvente catenas,

    Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:

    solvere frenum,

    Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:

    loris solutis,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:

    qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,

    Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:

    gelu solvitur,

    it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:

    solvitur acris hiems,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:

    facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:

    Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,

    looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:

    indigno non solvit bracchia collo,

    Stat. Th. 5, 217:

    digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,

    id. ib. 8, 585.—
    3.
    To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:

    solve vidulum ergo,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:

    eam solve cistulam,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 151:

    solve zonam,

    untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:

    solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,

    Stat. Th. 5, 62:

    animai nodos a corpore solvit,

    Lucr. 2, 950:

    nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,

    Curt. 3, 1, 18:

    quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?

    Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:

    solvere nodum,

    Stat. Th. 11, 646:

    laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,

    Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:

    vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,

    Ov. M. 9, 58:

    fasciam solve,

    Sen. Ep. 80, 10:

    solutis fasciis,

    Curt. 7, 6, 5:

    solvi fasciculum,

    Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:

    crinales vittas,

    Verg. A. 7, 403:

    Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,

    Curt. 7, 2, 25:

    equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,

    Sen. Ep. 80, 9:

    redimicula solvite collo,

    Ov. F. 4, 135:

    corollas de fronte,

    Prop. 1, 3, 21:

    solvere portas,

    Stat. Th. 3, 492:

    munimina valli,

    id. ib. 12, 10:

    ille pharetram Solvit,

    Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:

    solutis ac patefactis venis,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:

    venam cultello solvere,

    Col. 6, 14; cf.

    also: lychnis alvum solvit,

    looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:

    ventrem,

    Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:

    stomachus solutus = venter solutus,

    loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—
    B.
    Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.
    1.
    Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).
    a.
    Of the mouth, etc., to open:

    talibus ora solvit verbis,

    Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:

    ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,

    Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:

    vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,

    os promptius ac solutius,

    Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:

    hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—
    b.
    To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:

    si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 160:

    cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,

    id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:

    morte solvetur compromissum,

    Dig. 4, 8, 27:

    soluto matrimonio,

    ib. 24, 3, 2:

    solutum conjugium,

    Juv. 9, 79:

    qui... conjugalia solvit,

    Sen. Med. 144:

    nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,

    Ov. M. 11, 743:

    (sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,

    cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—
    c.
    To efface guilt or wrong:

    magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,

    Ov. F. 5, 304:

    solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,

    id. ib. 2, 44:

    culpa soluta mea est,

    id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:

    neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—
    d.
    Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;

    less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,

    Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

    capite poenas solvit,

    Sall. J. 69, 4:

    meritas poenas solventem,

    Curt. 6, 3, 14:

    poenarum solvendi tempus,

    Lucr. 5, 1224:

    nunc solvo poenas,

    Sen. Phoen. 172:

    hac manu poenas tibi solvam,

    id. Hippol. 1177.—
    e.
    To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:

    atque animi curas e pectore solvat,

    Lucr. 4, 908:

    curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 38:

    patrimonii cura solvatur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §

    2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,

    Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:

    solvite corde metum,

    Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:

    solve metus animo,

    Stat. Th. 2, 356:

    solvi pericula et metus narrant,

    Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:

    hoc uno solvitur ira modo,

    id. A. A. 2, 460:

    solvitque pudorem,

    Verg. A. 4, 55.—
    f.
    Of sleep:

    quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,

    Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:

    nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,

    Luc. 6, 768; cf.:

    lassitudinem solvere,

    Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —
    g.
    Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.
    (α).
    To raise a siege:

    solutam cernebat obsidionem,

    Liv. 36, 10, 14:

    soluta obsidione,

    id. 36, 31, 7:

    ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,

    id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—
    (β).
    Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:

    cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,

    Liv. 36, 7, 13.—
    (γ).
    To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:

    quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,

    Sall. J. 39, 5:

    imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,

    Sen. Oedip. 525:

    sonipedes imperia solvunt,

    id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:

    sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,

    Quint. 11, 3, 58.—
    h.
    Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:

    solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),

    Curt. 10, 2, 5:

    solutae a se legis monitus,

    Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:

    cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,

    Liv. 8, 4, 7:

    (Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,

    id. 1, 49, 7:

    oportebat istum morem solvi,

    Curt. 8, 8, 18.—
    2.
    Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).
    a.
    To subvert discipline:

    disciplinam militarem solvisti,

    Liv. 8, 7, 16:

    luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,

    id. 40, 1, 4:

    quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,

    Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—
    b.
    Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:

    nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,

    Sall. J. 41, 6:

    patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,

    Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

    vires solvere,

    Quint. 9, 4, 7:

    vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,

    Quint. 11, 3, 133.—
    c.
    Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:

    segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,

    Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;

    similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,

    Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:

    hoc firmos solvit amores,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 385:

    amores cantibus et herbis solvere,

    Tib. 1, 2, 60.—
    d.
    Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:

    vitex dicitur febres solvere,

    Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:

    solvit jejunia granis,

    Ov. F. 4, 607:

    quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,

    id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,

    famem,

    Sen. Thyest. 64.—
    e.
    To delay:

    hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,

    Sen. Troad. 1131.—
    f.
    Of darkness, to dispel:

    lux solverat umbras,

    Stat. Th. 10, 390.—
    g.
    Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:

    aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,

    Sen. Phoen. 406:

    electus formae certamina solvere pastor,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 337:

    jurgia solvere,

    Manil. 3, 115:

    contradictiones solvere,

    Quint. 7, 1, 38.—
    h.
    Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:

    quia quaestionem solvere non posset,

    Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:

    aenigmata,

    Quint. 8, 6, 53:

    omnes solvere posse quaestiones,

    Suet. Gram. 11:

    haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,

    Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:

    unum tantum hoc solvendum est,

    that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:

    puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,

    id. Ep. 48, 6:

    carmina non intellecta Solverat,

    Ov. M. 7, 760:

    triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,

    Sen. Oedip. 102:

    nodos juris,

    Juv. 8, 50:

    proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,

    Quint. 5, 10, 96:

    plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,

    id. 1, 10, 49:

    quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,

    id. 3, 7, 3:

    ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,

    id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—
    3.
    In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.
    a.
    To pay.
    (α).
    Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:

    quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:

    inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),

    Liv. 6, 14, 5:

    quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,

    id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:

    pro vectura rem solvit?

    paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:

    ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,

    id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:

    tibi res soluta est recte,

    id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:

    ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 20:

    rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,

    id. ib. 5, 3, 45:

    dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,

    id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:

    res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,

    id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);

    semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,

    they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:

    si tergo res solvonda'st,

    by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:

    habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,

    id. Curc. 3, 9:

    tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,

    id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,
    (β).
    Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:

    cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,

    Cic. Fl. 18, 43:

    ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,

    id. ib. 20, 46:

    misimus qui pro vectura solveret,

    id. Att. 1, 3, 2:

    qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:

    ut creditori solvat,

    Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:

    si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,

    it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:

    numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,

    to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:

    fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,

    id. ib. 2, 24, 84:

    cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,

    Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:

    non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—
    (γ).
    With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:

    postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:

    hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,

    settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:

    solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,

    id. Fl. 23, 54:

    ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,

    id. Att. 16, 2, 1:

    solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:

    aes alienum solvere,

    Sen. Ep. 36, 5:

    quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?

    id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,

    debitum solvere,

    id. ib. 6, 30, 2:

    ne pecunias creditas solverent,

    Cic. Pis. 35, 86:

    ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:

    ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,

    Liv. 6, 15, 5:

    ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:

    cum patriae quod debes solveris,

    Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:

    debet vero, solvitque praeclare,

    id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:

    aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:

    qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,

    id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —
    (δ).
    By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:

    emi: pecuniam solvi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:

    pro frumento nihil solvit,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §

    169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,

    Liv. 44, 16:

    hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,

    Nep. Milt. 7, 6:

    nisi pecuniam solvisset,

    id. Cim. 1, 1:

    condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,

    Liv. 30, 37 med.:

    pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,

    id. 36, 3, 1:

    pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,

    id. 32, 26, 14:

    pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,

    id. 40, 39 fin.:

    meritam mercedem,

    id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:

    quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:

    stipendium,

    Liv. 28, 32, 1:

    dotem mulieri,

    Dig. 24, 3, 2:

    litem aestimatam,

    the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:

    arbitria funeris,

    the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:

    solvere dodrantem,

    to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:

    dona puer solvit,

    paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,

    munera,

    id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:

    et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,

    Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:

    si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,

    Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:

    si (actor) solutus fuisset,

    Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —
    (ε).
    Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:

    aliquid praesens solvere,

    to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,

    aliquid de praesentibus solvere,

    Sen. Ep. 97, 16:

    solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,

    Vell. 2, 25:

    quas solvere grates sufficiam?

    Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;

    nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,

    Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:

    unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,

    id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):

    Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,

    Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:

    homines dicere, se a me solvere,

    id. ib. 5, 21, 11:

    (summa) erat solvenda de meo,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:

    operas solvere alicui,

    to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:

    stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,

    Gai. Inst. 4, 90:

    iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,

    Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;

    2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,

    a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.

    in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,

    Liv. 31, 13:

    nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,

    Dig. 50, 17, 105:

    qui modo solvendo sint,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:

    si solvendo sint,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:

    nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,

    Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:

    solvendo non erat,

    Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:

    cum solvendo civitates non essent,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,

    id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:

    ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,

    id. Off. 2, 22, 79;

    and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,

    Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:

    *non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),

    Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —
    b.
    To fulfil the duty of burial.
    (α).
    Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:

    qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,

    who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:

    justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,

    Curt. 3, 12, 15:

    proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,

    id. 10, 6, 7:

    ut justa soluta Remo,

    Ov. F. 5, 452:

    nunc justa nato solve,

    Sen. Hippol. 1245.—
    (β).
    Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:

    exsequiis rite solutis,

    Verg. A. 7, 5:

    cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,

    Sen. Hippol. 1198:

    solvere suprema militibus,

    Tac. A. 1, 61.—
    c.
    Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.
    (α).
    Alone:

    vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:

    quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,

    Liv. 31, 9 fin.:

    liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,

    id. 40, 44, 8:

    placatis diis votis rite solvendis,

    id. 36, 37 fin.:

    petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,

    id. 45, 44:

    animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,

    Sen. Ep. 73, 5:

    vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,

    Tac. A. 2, 69:

    vota pater solvit,

    Ov. M. 9, 707:

    ne votum solvat,

    Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:

    voti debita solvere,

    Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.

    the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),

    Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:

    V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),

    ib. 2022 et saep.:

    sacra solvere (=votum solvere),

    Manil. 1, 427.—
    (β).
    With dat.:

    ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,

    Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:

    vota Jovi solvo,

    Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:

    sunt vota soluta deae,

    id. F. 6, 248:

    dis vota solvis,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:

    libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),

    Just. 18, 5, 4.—
    d.
    Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:

    fidem obligatam liberare,

    Suet. Claud. 9):

    illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,

    Flor. 1, 1, 12;

    similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),

    Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—
    e.
    Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):

    perinde quasi promissum solvens,

    Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:

    solvitur quod cuique promissum est,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;

    similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,

    what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    (Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:

    tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,

    id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:

    reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,

    id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:

    cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?

    Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:

    nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,

    unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:

    duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,

    Liv. 27, 51:

    eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,

    id. 24, 45, 10:

    non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—
    2.
    (Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;

    postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 21;

    ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,

    Col. 2, 9:

    soluta et facilis terra,

    id. 3, 14;

    solum solutum vel spissum,

    id. 2, 2 init.;

    seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,

    Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:

    hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,

    id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:

    solutiores ripae,

    Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:

    mas spissior, femina solutior,

    Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:

    dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—
    3.
    (Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:

    turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:

    aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

    debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    (Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:

    (orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,

    Cic. Or. 47, 173:

    verbis solutus satis,

    id. ib. 47, 174:

    solutissimus in dicendo,

    id. ib. 48, 180.—
    2.
    Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:

    quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?

    Cic. Planc. 30, 72:

    soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,

    unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:

    si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;

    non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,

    id. ib. 4, 21, 3;

    solutus omni fenore,

    Hor. Epod. 2, 4;

    nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,

    Liv. 8, 32, 5:

    Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—
    3.
    Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:

    quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,

    Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:

    apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,

    Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,

    i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:

    maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,

    Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—
    4.
    Free from cares, undistracted:

    animo soluto liberoque,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:

    sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—
    5.
    At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:

    te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:

    quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,

    id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:

    Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—
    6.
    Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:

    quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,

    Cic. Dom. 39, 104:

    an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?

    Sen. Ep. 23, 4:

    vultus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 355:

    (mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,

    unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—
    7.
    Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:

    cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,

    Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:

    ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,

    Liv. 29, 1 fin.:

    Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,

    Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:

    incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,

    Tac. A. 2, 4:

    quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,

    Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:

    rectore solutos (solis) equos,

    Stat. Th. 1, 219.—
    8.
    Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:

    nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;

    cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,

    id. Div. 1, 2, 4:

    judicio senatus soluto et libero,

    id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:

    sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

    libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

    si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:

    liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,

    uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—
    9.
    Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:

    amores soluti et liberi,

    Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    licentia,

    id. ib. 4, 4, 4:

    populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,

    id. ib. 1, 34, 53:

    quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,

    id. Mil. 13, 34:

    quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,

    Liv. 27, 31 fin.:

    adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,

    id. 2, 1, 2:

    solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,

    a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

    spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,

    Suet. Aug. 44:

    mores soluti,

    licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—
    10.
    Regardless of rules, careless, loose:

    orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,

    Cic. Brut. 62, 225:

    dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,

    Tac. A. 16, 18.—
    11.
    Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.
    (α).
    Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:

    est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,

    Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—
    (β).
    More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);

    in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,

    Cic. Or. 52, 174:

    mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,

    id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;

    68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,

    Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;

    de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,

    id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:

    ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,

    id. ib. 7, 1:

    primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,

    Cic. Brut. 8, 32:

    Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,

    id. Or. 57, 192:

    et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,

    id. ib. 64, 215:

    a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,

    id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—
    (γ).
    Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:

    ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:

    nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,

    id. Brut. 79, 274:

    orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,

    id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—
    (δ).
    Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:

    soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,

    Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:

    solutiora componere,

    id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—
    12.
    Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):

    sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,

    Quint. 11, 3, 146.—
    13.
    Undisciplined, disorderly:

    omnia soluta apud hostes esse,

    Liv. 8, 30, 3:

    nihil temeritate solutum,

    Tac. A. 13, 40:

    apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,

    Just. 34, 2, 2.—
    14.
    Lax, remiss, weak:

    mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

    Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,

    Tac. Or. 18:

    soluti ac fluentes,

    Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:

    solutum genus orationis,

    a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:

    quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,

    laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—
    C.
    (Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:

    aliquid in solutum dare,

    to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:

    qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:

    qui rem in solutum accipit,

    Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;

    in solutum imputare,

    to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:

    pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,

    Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:

    pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,

    Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.
    1.
    Thinly:

    corpora diffusa solute,

    Lucr. 4, 53.—
    2.
    Of speech, fluently:

    non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,

    Cic. Brut. 29, 110:

    ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,

    id. ib. 81, 280:

    quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,

    Tac. A. 4, 31.—
    3.
    Irregularly, loosely:

    a fabris neglegentius solutiusque composita,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 30, 4.—
    4.
    Freely, without restraint:

    generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,

    i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—
    5.
    Of style, without connection, loosely:

    enuntiare,

    Quint. 11, 2, 47.—
    6.
    Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:

    praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),

    Liv. 39, 1, 4:

    in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,

    id. 23, 37, 6.—
    7.
    Weakly, tamely, without vigor:

    quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,

    Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—
    8.
    Of morals, loosely, without restraint:

    ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,

    Tac. A. 13, 47.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > solutum

  • 17 solvo

    solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:

    soluisse,

    Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.
    I.
    To loose an object bound, to release, set free, disengage, dissolve, take apart.
    A.
    In a corporeal sense.
    1.
    Outwardly, to release.
    a.
    From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:

    solvite istas,

    i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:

    solvite istum,

    id. Mil. 5, 32:

    numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,

    id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:

    jube solvi (eum),

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:

    ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:

    ut vincti solvantur,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §

    12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,

    id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

    ita nexi soluti (sunt),

    Liv. 8, 28, 9:

    solvite me, pueri,

    Verg. E. 6, 24:

    fore ut brevi solveretur,

    Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:

    canis solutus catena,

    Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:

    solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),

    Stat. Th. 5, 15:

    terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—
    b.
    From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:

    solverat sol equos,

    unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:

    et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:

    et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,

    id. H. 11, 4:

    praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,

    Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:

    soluta toga,

    Quint. 11, 3, 147:

    vela solvere,

    Verg. A. 4, 574.—
    c.
    From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:

    Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,

    Prop. 2, 1, 69:

    fraxinus solvitur,

    from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:

    ceciditque soluta pinus,

    id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:

    pinus radice soluta, deficit,

    id. S. 5, 1, 152:

    solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:

    accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,

    detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;

    but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,

    Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:

    querno solvunt de stipite funem,

    id. F. 4, 333:

    fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,

    id. Am. 2, 11, 23:

    curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),

    Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:

    imber caelesti nube solutus,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:

    cum solis radii absumant,

    Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:

    solutum a latere pugionem,

    detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—
    d.
    Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.
    (α).
    With acc. alone:

    eisce confectis navem solvimus,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:

    navim cupimus solvere,

    id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:

    naves solvit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;

    3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,

    Liv. 45, 6:

    postero die solvere naves (jussi),

    id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:

    classem solvere,

    Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—
    (β).
    With ab and abl.:

    navis a terra solverunt,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 101:

    quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,

    Liv. 31, 7 med.:

    solvunt a litore puppes,

    Luc. 2, 649.—
    (γ).
    With ex and abl.:

    nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:

    interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—
    (δ).
    With abl.:

    complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,

    Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:

    portu solventibus,

    id. Mur. 2, 4.—
    (ε).
    Absol. (sc. navem or naves):

    tertia fere vigilia solvit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 23:

    nos eo die cenati solvimus,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:

    altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,

    Liv. 31, 14 init.:

    qui inde solverant,

    Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:

    solvi mare languido,

    Sen. Ep. 53, 1:

    fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,

    id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:

    non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,

    making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—
    (ζ).
    With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):

    naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—
    (η).
    Poet. usages:

    de litore puppis solvit iter,

    clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:

    nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,

    Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—
    e.
    Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,

    Lucr. 6, 706:

    cruor solvitur,

    Stat. Th. 9, 530:

    lacrimas solvere,

    id. Achill. 2, 256:

    solutis lacrimis,

    Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,

    partus solvere,

    to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—
    2.
    To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.
    a.
    In gen.:

    omne colligatum solvi potest,

    Cic. Fin. 11.—
    b.
    Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    solvere naves et rursus conjungere,

    Curt. 8, 10, 3:

    solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:

    dubitavit an solveret pontem,

    Curt. 4, 16, 8:

    solvere pontem,

    Tac. A. 1, 69:

    si pons solutus sit,

    Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:

    solutus pons tempestatibus,

    Just. 2, 13, 9:

    currum (solis) solutum,

    Manil. 1, 740.—
    c.
    Of woven stuff:

    solvens texta,

    Prop. 2, 9, 6.—
    d.
    Of mountains:

    utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:

    tridente Neptunus montem solvit,

    id. Agam. 553.—
    e.
    Of the neck:

    soluta cervix silicis impulsu,

    broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—
    f.
    Of a comet:

    momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—
    g.
    Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:

    solve capillos,

    Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:

    crinem,

    id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:

    comas casside,

    Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—
    h.
    Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;

    post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:

    ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,

    Stat. Th. 7, 745. —
    3.
    To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.
    (α).
    Of a change into air or gas:

    calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,

    dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:

    nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,

    id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:

    ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,

    Stat. Th. 5, 285;

    nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,

    Ov. M. 15, 845.—
    (β).
    Into a liquid, to melt:

    saepe terra in tabem solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:

    terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,

    id. ib. 3, 29, 4:

    nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,

    Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:

    ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,

    Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,

    nivem solvere,

    id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:

    rigor auri solvitur aestu,

    Lucr. 1, 493:

    ferrum calidi solvant camini,

    Manil. 4, 250:

    cerae igne solutae,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 47:

    Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,

    Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:

    (herba) quinto die solvitur,

    id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—
    (γ).
    Of putrefaction:

    (vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,

    Verg. G. 4, 302.—
    (δ).
    Of change in general:

    inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,

    Ov. F. 1, 108:

    repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),

    Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—
    (ε).
    Of expansion by heat:

    (uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—
    (ζ).
    Hence, solvere, absol., to rarefy:

    gravitas aeris solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 5, 1.—
    (η).
    Solvi in, to pass into, become:

    in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,

    Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:

    donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,

    disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:

    postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),

    Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—
    4.
    To consume, to destroy, dissolve:

    solvere orbes,

    Manil. 1, 497:

    ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),

    Lucr. 3, 287:

    (Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,

    Liv. 39, 40, 11:

    si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:

    (turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,

    id. ib. 7, 9, 4:

    tabes solvit corpora,

    Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:

    nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),

    id. 3, 506:

    ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,

    Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:

    solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,

    Sen. Ep. 22, 3:

    hanc mihi solvite vitam,

    Prop. 2, 9, 39.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.
    a.
    From the body, etc.:

    teque isto corpore solvo,

    Verg. A. 4, 703:

    soluta corpore anima,

    Quint. 5, 14, 13:

    qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,

    Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:

    vocem solvere,

    to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:

    suspiria solvit,

    Stat. Th. 11, 604:

    solvat turba jocos,

    Sen. Med. 114:

    solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:

    Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,

    unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—
    b.
    Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:

    linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,

    Ov. M. 3, 261:

    lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,

    Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:

    ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,

    id. Const. 11, 3:

    (fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,

    Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:

    magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,

    Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.

    of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,

    unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—
    c.
    From obligations and debts:

    solvit me debito,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:

    an nos debito solverit,

    id. Ep. 81, 3:

    ut religione civitas solvatur,

    Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:

    te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),

    Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:

    hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,

    Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:

    sacramento solvi,

    Tac. A. 16, 13:

    cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,

    Dig. 49, 16, 13:

    militia solvere,

    Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:

    ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,

    Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:

    ut manere solveretur,

    that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—
    d.
    From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):

    si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,

    be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:

    atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,

    id. ib. 4, 9:

    sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,

    Ov. F. 6, 452:

    ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,

    id. ib. 2, 40:

    Helenen ego crimine solvo,

    id. A. A. 2, 371:

    quid crimine solvis Germanum?

    Stat. Th. 11, 379:

    solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —
    e.
    From feelings, etc.:

    quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:

    cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,

    Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:

    senatus cura belli solutus,

    Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:

    pectus linquunt cura solutum,

    Lucr. 2, 45:

    his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

    soluti metu,

    Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:

    solvent formidine terras,

    Verg. E. 4, 14:

    solve metu patriam,

    Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:

    metu belli Scythas solvit,

    Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:

    haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,

    Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:

    soluti a cupiditatibus,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:

    his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,

    id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:

    longo luctu,

    Verg. A. 2, 26:

    tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),

    Sen. Hippol. 450:

    solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,

    id. Herc. Fur. 1063:

    Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?

    Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:

    solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),

    the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:

    rabie tigrim,

    Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:

    ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),

    Sen. Ep. 95, 38:

    calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?

    i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:

    solvite animos,

    Manil. 4, 12.—With in:

    vix haec in munera solvo animum,

    i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—
    f.
    From sleep, very rare:

    ego somno solutus sum,

    awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—
    g.
    From labor, business, etc.:

    volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,

    Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:

    solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,

    Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:

    Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,

    to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—
    h.
    From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    frontem solvere disce,

    Mart. 14, 183:

    saltem ora trucesque solve genas,

    Stat. Th. 11, 373:

    solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:

    solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,

    be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:

    vultum risu solvit,

    relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:

    risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,

    Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,

    solvere judicem,

    unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:

    solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),

    Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:

    ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:

    cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?

    Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:

    solventur risu tabulae,

    i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:

    quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,

    Quint. 5, 10, 67.—
    k.
    From any cause of restraint.
    (α).
    To release from siege:

    Bassanitas obsidione solvere,

    Liv. 44, 30:

    patriam obsidione solvere,

    Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —
    (β).
    From moral restraints:

    hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,

    gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—
    l.
    From laws and rules: legibus solvere.
    (α).
    To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:

    Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:

    cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 13, 31:

    ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,

    id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:

    Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),

    id. Att. 1, 16, 13:

    solvatne legibus Scipionem,

    Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:

    petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,

    Liv. 31, 50, 8:

    Scipio legibus solutus est,

    id. Epit. 56:

    Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,

    Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:

    ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,

    Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:

    (aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:

    solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,

    id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:

    nec leti lege solutas,

    Lucr. 3, 687:

    nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),

    Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:

    et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—
    (β).
    Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:

    reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,

    i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:

    soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,

    id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:

    solutus Legibus insanis,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:

    quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,

    Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—
    2.
    To dissolve, separate objects which are united, to break up, dismiss.
    (α).
    Of troops, ranks, etc.:

    ubi ordines procursando solvissent,

    Liv. 42, 65, 8:

    incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,

    Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:

    agmina Diductis solvere choris,

    Verg. A. 5, 581:

    solvit maniplos,

    Juv. 8, 154:

    solvuntur laudata cohors,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:

    commissas acies ego possum solvere,

    Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—
    (β).
    Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:

    convivio soluto,

    Liv. 40, 14 fin.:

    convivium solvit,

    Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:

    Quid cessas convivia solvere?

    Ov. F. 6, 675:

    coetuque soluto Discedunt,

    id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—
    (γ).
    Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:

    (discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,

    Quint. 1, 9, 2:

    quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,

    id. 9, 4, 14:

    ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,

    id. 1, 8, 13:

    non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—
    3.
    Implying a change for the worse.
    a.
    To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):

    Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,

    Sen. Ep. 51, 5:

    usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,

    Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:

    infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,

    Quint. 1, 2, 6:

    solutus luxu,

    id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:

    soluti in luxum,

    Tac. H. 2, 99:

    in lasciviam,

    id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:

    si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,

    Quint. 9, 4, 49.—
    b.
    To make torpid by removing sensation.
    (α).
    To relax, benumb the limbs or body;

    as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,

    Lucr. 6, 798:

    ima Solvuntur latera,

    Verg. G. 3, 523:

    solvi debilitate corporis,

    paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:

    ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,

    Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:

    illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,

    Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:

    segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,

    wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:

    mentes solvere,

    to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—
    (β).
    By frost ( poet.):

    solvuntur illi frigore membra,

    Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—
    (γ).
    By sleep ( poet. for sopio):

    homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,

    Ov. M. 7, 186:

    corpora somnus Solverat,

    id. ib. 10, 369:

    molli languore solutus,

    id. ib. 11, 648;

    11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,

    id. ib. 8, 817:

    somno vinoque solutos,

    id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:

    ut membra solvit sopor,

    id. ib. 12, 867:

    non solvit pectora somnus,

    Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:

    solvitur in somnos,

    Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:

    aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,

    lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—
    (δ).
    By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:

    corporibus quae senectus solvit,

    Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):

    (corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:

    alius inter cenandum solutus est,

    id. Ep. 66, 43:

    ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,

    id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:

    me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,

    Sen. Troad. 605:

    solvi inedia,

    Petr. 111:

    sic morte quasi somno soluta est,

    Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,
    4.
    Of logical dissolution, to refute:

    non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,

    how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:

    argumentum solvere,

    Quint. 2, 17, 34:

    solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,

    Sen. Const. 12, 3.—
    b.
    To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:

    deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.
    II.
    To loose, remove, cancel that which binds any thing.
    A.
    In a corporeal sense.
    1.
    In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;

    post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,

    Quint. 2, 12, 1:

    qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,

    Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:

    supera compage soluta,

    Stat. Th. 8, 31.—
    2.
    To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:

    nullo solvente catenas,

    Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:

    solvere frenum,

    Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:

    loris solutis,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:

    qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,

    Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:

    gelu solvitur,

    it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:

    solvitur acris hiems,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:

    facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:

    Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,

    looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:

    indigno non solvit bracchia collo,

    Stat. Th. 5, 217:

    digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,

    id. ib. 8, 585.—
    3.
    To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:

    solve vidulum ergo,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:

    eam solve cistulam,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 151:

    solve zonam,

    untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:

    solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,

    Stat. Th. 5, 62:

    animai nodos a corpore solvit,

    Lucr. 2, 950:

    nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,

    Curt. 3, 1, 18:

    quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?

    Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:

    solvere nodum,

    Stat. Th. 11, 646:

    laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,

    Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:

    vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,

    Ov. M. 9, 58:

    fasciam solve,

    Sen. Ep. 80, 10:

    solutis fasciis,

    Curt. 7, 6, 5:

    solvi fasciculum,

    Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:

    crinales vittas,

    Verg. A. 7, 403:

    Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,

    Curt. 7, 2, 25:

    equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,

    Sen. Ep. 80, 9:

    redimicula solvite collo,

    Ov. F. 4, 135:

    corollas de fronte,

    Prop. 1, 3, 21:

    solvere portas,

    Stat. Th. 3, 492:

    munimina valli,

    id. ib. 12, 10:

    ille pharetram Solvit,

    Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:

    solutis ac patefactis venis,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:

    venam cultello solvere,

    Col. 6, 14; cf.

    also: lychnis alvum solvit,

    looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:

    ventrem,

    Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:

    stomachus solutus = venter solutus,

    loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—
    B.
    Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.
    1.
    Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).
    a.
    Of the mouth, etc., to open:

    talibus ora solvit verbis,

    Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:

    ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,

    Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:

    vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,

    os promptius ac solutius,

    Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:

    hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—
    b.
    To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:

    si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 160:

    cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,

    id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:

    morte solvetur compromissum,

    Dig. 4, 8, 27:

    soluto matrimonio,

    ib. 24, 3, 2:

    solutum conjugium,

    Juv. 9, 79:

    qui... conjugalia solvit,

    Sen. Med. 144:

    nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,

    Ov. M. 11, 743:

    (sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,

    cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—
    c.
    To efface guilt or wrong:

    magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,

    Ov. F. 5, 304:

    solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,

    id. ib. 2, 44:

    culpa soluta mea est,

    id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:

    neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—
    d.
    Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;

    less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,

    Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

    capite poenas solvit,

    Sall. J. 69, 4:

    meritas poenas solventem,

    Curt. 6, 3, 14:

    poenarum solvendi tempus,

    Lucr. 5, 1224:

    nunc solvo poenas,

    Sen. Phoen. 172:

    hac manu poenas tibi solvam,

    id. Hippol. 1177.—
    e.
    To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:

    atque animi curas e pectore solvat,

    Lucr. 4, 908:

    curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 38:

    patrimonii cura solvatur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §

    2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,

    Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:

    solvite corde metum,

    Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:

    solve metus animo,

    Stat. Th. 2, 356:

    solvi pericula et metus narrant,

    Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:

    hoc uno solvitur ira modo,

    id. A. A. 2, 460:

    solvitque pudorem,

    Verg. A. 4, 55.—
    f.
    Of sleep:

    quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,

    Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:

    nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,

    Luc. 6, 768; cf.:

    lassitudinem solvere,

    Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —
    g.
    Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.
    (α).
    To raise a siege:

    solutam cernebat obsidionem,

    Liv. 36, 10, 14:

    soluta obsidione,

    id. 36, 31, 7:

    ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,

    id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—
    (β).
    Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:

    cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,

    Liv. 36, 7, 13.—
    (γ).
    To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:

    quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,

    Sall. J. 39, 5:

    imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,

    Sen. Oedip. 525:

    sonipedes imperia solvunt,

    id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:

    sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,

    Quint. 11, 3, 58.—
    h.
    Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:

    solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),

    Curt. 10, 2, 5:

    solutae a se legis monitus,

    Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:

    cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,

    Liv. 8, 4, 7:

    (Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,

    id. 1, 49, 7:

    oportebat istum morem solvi,

    Curt. 8, 8, 18.—
    2.
    Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).
    a.
    To subvert discipline:

    disciplinam militarem solvisti,

    Liv. 8, 7, 16:

    luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,

    id. 40, 1, 4:

    quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,

    Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—
    b.
    Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:

    nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,

    Sall. J. 41, 6:

    patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,

    Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

    vires solvere,

    Quint. 9, 4, 7:

    vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,

    Quint. 11, 3, 133.—
    c.
    Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:

    segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,

    Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;

    similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,

    Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:

    hoc firmos solvit amores,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 385:

    amores cantibus et herbis solvere,

    Tib. 1, 2, 60.—
    d.
    Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:

    vitex dicitur febres solvere,

    Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:

    solvit jejunia granis,

    Ov. F. 4, 607:

    quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,

    id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,

    famem,

    Sen. Thyest. 64.—
    e.
    To delay:

    hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,

    Sen. Troad. 1131.—
    f.
    Of darkness, to dispel:

    lux solverat umbras,

    Stat. Th. 10, 390.—
    g.
    Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:

    aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,

    Sen. Phoen. 406:

    electus formae certamina solvere pastor,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 337:

    jurgia solvere,

    Manil. 3, 115:

    contradictiones solvere,

    Quint. 7, 1, 38.—
    h.
    Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:

    quia quaestionem solvere non posset,

    Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:

    aenigmata,

    Quint. 8, 6, 53:

    omnes solvere posse quaestiones,

    Suet. Gram. 11:

    haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,

    Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:

    unum tantum hoc solvendum est,

    that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:

    puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,

    id. Ep. 48, 6:

    carmina non intellecta Solverat,

    Ov. M. 7, 760:

    triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,

    Sen. Oedip. 102:

    nodos juris,

    Juv. 8, 50:

    proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,

    Quint. 5, 10, 96:

    plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,

    id. 1, 10, 49:

    quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,

    id. 3, 7, 3:

    ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,

    id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—
    3.
    In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.
    a.
    To pay.
    (α).
    Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:

    quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:

    inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),

    Liv. 6, 14, 5:

    quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,

    id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:

    pro vectura rem solvit?

    paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:

    ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,

    id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:

    tibi res soluta est recte,

    id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:

    ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 20:

    rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,

    id. ib. 5, 3, 45:

    dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,

    id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:

    res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,

    id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);

    semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,

    they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:

    si tergo res solvonda'st,

    by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:

    habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,

    id. Curc. 3, 9:

    tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,

    id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,
    (β).
    Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:

    cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,

    Cic. Fl. 18, 43:

    ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,

    id. ib. 20, 46:

    misimus qui pro vectura solveret,

    id. Att. 1, 3, 2:

    qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:

    ut creditori solvat,

    Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:

    si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,

    it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:

    numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,

    to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:

    fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,

    id. ib. 2, 24, 84:

    cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,

    Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:

    non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—
    (γ).
    With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:

    postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:

    hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,

    settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:

    solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,

    id. Fl. 23, 54:

    ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,

    id. Att. 16, 2, 1:

    solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:

    aes alienum solvere,

    Sen. Ep. 36, 5:

    quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?

    id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,

    debitum solvere,

    id. ib. 6, 30, 2:

    ne pecunias creditas solverent,

    Cic. Pis. 35, 86:

    ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:

    ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,

    Liv. 6, 15, 5:

    ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:

    cum patriae quod debes solveris,

    Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:

    debet vero, solvitque praeclare,

    id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:

    aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:

    qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,

    id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —
    (δ).
    By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:

    emi: pecuniam solvi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:

    pro frumento nihil solvit,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §

    169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,

    Liv. 44, 16:

    hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,

    Nep. Milt. 7, 6:

    nisi pecuniam solvisset,

    id. Cim. 1, 1:

    condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,

    Liv. 30, 37 med.:

    pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,

    id. 36, 3, 1:

    pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,

    id. 32, 26, 14:

    pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,

    id. 40, 39 fin.:

    meritam mercedem,

    id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:

    quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:

    stipendium,

    Liv. 28, 32, 1:

    dotem mulieri,

    Dig. 24, 3, 2:

    litem aestimatam,

    the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:

    arbitria funeris,

    the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:

    solvere dodrantem,

    to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:

    dona puer solvit,

    paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,

    munera,

    id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:

    et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,

    Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:

    si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,

    Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:

    si (actor) solutus fuisset,

    Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —
    (ε).
    Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:

    aliquid praesens solvere,

    to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,

    aliquid de praesentibus solvere,

    Sen. Ep. 97, 16:

    solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,

    Vell. 2, 25:

    quas solvere grates sufficiam?

    Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;

    nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,

    Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:

    unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,

    id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):

    Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,

    Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:

    homines dicere, se a me solvere,

    id. ib. 5, 21, 11:

    (summa) erat solvenda de meo,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:

    operas solvere alicui,

    to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:

    stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,

    Gai. Inst. 4, 90:

    iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,

    Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;

    2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,

    a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.

    in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,

    Liv. 31, 13:

    nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,

    Dig. 50, 17, 105:

    qui modo solvendo sint,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:

    si solvendo sint,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:

    nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,

    Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:

    solvendo non erat,

    Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:

    cum solvendo civitates non essent,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,

    id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:

    ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,

    id. Off. 2, 22, 79;

    and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,

    Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:

    *non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),

    Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —
    b.
    To fulfil the duty of burial.
    (α).
    Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:

    qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,

    who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:

    justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,

    Curt. 3, 12, 15:

    proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,

    id. 10, 6, 7:

    ut justa soluta Remo,

    Ov. F. 5, 452:

    nunc justa nato solve,

    Sen. Hippol. 1245.—
    (β).
    Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:

    exsequiis rite solutis,

    Verg. A. 7, 5:

    cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,

    Sen. Hippol. 1198:

    solvere suprema militibus,

    Tac. A. 1, 61.—
    c.
    Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.
    (α).
    Alone:

    vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:

    quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,

    Liv. 31, 9 fin.:

    liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,

    id. 40, 44, 8:

    placatis diis votis rite solvendis,

    id. 36, 37 fin.:

    petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,

    id. 45, 44:

    animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,

    Sen. Ep. 73, 5:

    vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,

    Tac. A. 2, 69:

    vota pater solvit,

    Ov. M. 9, 707:

    ne votum solvat,

    Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:

    voti debita solvere,

    Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.

    the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),

    Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:

    V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),

    ib. 2022 et saep.:

    sacra solvere (=votum solvere),

    Manil. 1, 427.—
    (β).
    With dat.:

    ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,

    Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:

    vota Jovi solvo,

    Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:

    sunt vota soluta deae,

    id. F. 6, 248:

    dis vota solvis,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:

    libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),

    Just. 18, 5, 4.—
    d.
    Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:

    fidem obligatam liberare,

    Suet. Claud. 9):

    illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,

    Flor. 1, 1, 12;

    similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),

    Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—
    e.
    Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):

    perinde quasi promissum solvens,

    Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:

    solvitur quod cuique promissum est,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;

    similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,

    what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    (Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:

    tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,

    id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:

    reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,

    id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:

    cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?

    Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:

    nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,

    unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:

    duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,

    Liv. 27, 51:

    eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,

    id. 24, 45, 10:

    non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—
    2.
    (Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;

    postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 21;

    ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,

    Col. 2, 9:

    soluta et facilis terra,

    id. 3, 14;

    solum solutum vel spissum,

    id. 2, 2 init.;

    seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,

    Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:

    hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,

    id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:

    solutiores ripae,

    Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:

    mas spissior, femina solutior,

    Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:

    dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—
    3.
    (Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:

    turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:

    aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

    debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    (Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:

    (orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,

    Cic. Or. 47, 173:

    verbis solutus satis,

    id. ib. 47, 174:

    solutissimus in dicendo,

    id. ib. 48, 180.—
    2.
    Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:

    quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?

    Cic. Planc. 30, 72:

    soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,

    unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:

    si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;

    non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,

    id. ib. 4, 21, 3;

    solutus omni fenore,

    Hor. Epod. 2, 4;

    nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,

    Liv. 8, 32, 5:

    Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—
    3.
    Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:

    quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,

    Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:

    apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,

    Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,

    i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:

    maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,

    Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—
    4.
    Free from cares, undistracted:

    animo soluto liberoque,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:

    sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—
    5.
    At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:

    te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:

    quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,

    id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:

    Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—
    6.
    Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:

    quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,

    Cic. Dom. 39, 104:

    an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?

    Sen. Ep. 23, 4:

    vultus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 355:

    (mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,

    unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—
    7.
    Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:

    cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,

    Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:

    ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,

    Liv. 29, 1 fin.:

    Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,

    Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:

    incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,

    Tac. A. 2, 4:

    quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,

    Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:

    rectore solutos (solis) equos,

    Stat. Th. 1, 219.—
    8.
    Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:

    nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;

    cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,

    id. Div. 1, 2, 4:

    judicio senatus soluto et libero,

    id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:

    sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

    libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

    si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:

    liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,

    uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—
    9.
    Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:

    amores soluti et liberi,

    Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    licentia,

    id. ib. 4, 4, 4:

    populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,

    id. ib. 1, 34, 53:

    quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,

    id. Mil. 13, 34:

    quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,

    Liv. 27, 31 fin.:

    adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,

    id. 2, 1, 2:

    solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,

    a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

    spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,

    Suet. Aug. 44:

    mores soluti,

    licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—
    10.
    Regardless of rules, careless, loose:

    orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,

    Cic. Brut. 62, 225:

    dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,

    Tac. A. 16, 18.—
    11.
    Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.
    (α).
    Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:

    est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,

    Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—
    (β).
    More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);

    in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,

    Cic. Or. 52, 174:

    mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,

    id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;

    68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,

    Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;

    de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,

    id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:

    ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,

    id. ib. 7, 1:

    primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,

    Cic. Brut. 8, 32:

    Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,

    id. Or. 57, 192:

    et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,

    id. ib. 64, 215:

    a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,

    id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—
    (γ).
    Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:

    ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:

    nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,

    id. Brut. 79, 274:

    orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,

    id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—
    (δ).
    Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:

    soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,

    Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:

    solutiora componere,

    id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—
    12.
    Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):

    sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,

    Quint. 11, 3, 146.—
    13.
    Undisciplined, disorderly:

    omnia soluta apud hostes esse,

    Liv. 8, 30, 3:

    nihil temeritate solutum,

    Tac. A. 13, 40:

    apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,

    Just. 34, 2, 2.—
    14.
    Lax, remiss, weak:

    mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

    Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,

    Tac. Or. 18:

    soluti ac fluentes,

    Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:

    solutum genus orationis,

    a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:

    quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,

    laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—
    C.
    (Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:

    aliquid in solutum dare,

    to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:

    qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:

    qui rem in solutum accipit,

    Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;

    in solutum imputare,

    to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:

    pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,

    Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:

    pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,

    Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.
    1.
    Thinly:

    corpora diffusa solute,

    Lucr. 4, 53.—
    2.
    Of speech, fluently:

    non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,

    Cic. Brut. 29, 110:

    ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,

    id. ib. 81, 280:

    quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,

    Tac. A. 4, 31.—
    3.
    Irregularly, loosely:

    a fabris neglegentius solutiusque composita,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 30, 4.—
    4.
    Freely, without restraint:

    generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,

    i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—
    5.
    Of style, without connection, loosely:

    enuntiare,

    Quint. 11, 2, 47.—
    6.
    Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:

    praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),

    Liv. 39, 1, 4:

    in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,

    id. 23, 37, 6.—
    7.
    Weakly, tamely, without vigor:

    quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,

    Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—
    8.
    Of morals, loosely, without restraint:

    ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,

    Tac. A. 13, 47.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > solvo

  • 18 contraho

    con-traho, trāxī, tractum, ere, zusammenziehen, beiziehen, I) vereinigend: 1) eig.: a) zusammen-, beiziehen = ziehend vereinigen, von lebl. Subjj., pituitam, semen, Cels. – mit in u. Akk., umorem in caput, Cels.: aquam intus in uterum, Cels.: in se caliginem, Plin.

    b) zusammenziehen, beiziehen = versammeln, sammeln, vereinigen, gew. leb. Wesen (Ggstz. dissipare, dispergere), captivos, Liv.: agrestes, Ov.: serpentes, Plin.: muscas, Plin.: undique fontes, Ov.: iumenta et camelos a Susis, Curt. – dispersos cives in unam urbem, Val. Max. – v. lebl. Subjj., contraxit eos non officii modo cura, sed etiam studium spectaculi, Liv. – Insbes.: α) (als milit. t. t.) Truppen, Schiffe usw. beiziehen, an sich ziehen, u. (mit u. ohne in unum locum, in unum) auf einen Punkt zusammenziehen, vereinigen, konzentrieren, auxilia, Suet. u. Iustin.: exercitum, Vell.: copias, Nep.: equitum et peditum copias, Pompei. in Cic. ep.: praesidia, quae in Umbria sunt, Pompei. in Cic. ep.: naves circiter LXXX cogere contrahereque, Caes.: magnam classem, Nep. – copias subito, Nep., celeriter, Nep. – undique exercitum, Liv., omnes copias, Curt., naves, Liv., od. auxilia a finitimis, Iustin.: ex omnibus oppidis copias, Pompei. in Cic. ep.: ex finitimis regionibus cohortes ex delectibus Pompeianis, Caes. – auxilia in Graecia, Iustin.: copias ad Bononiam, Suet. – illuc od. eo suas copias, Nep.: onerarias naves ex omni Graeciae ora eodem, Liv.: Luceriam omnes copias, Cic.: Veios ingentem exercitum, Liv.: in una castra decem legiones, Vell.: exercitum od. impedimenta in unum locum, Caes. u. Liv.: omnes od. omnia in unum, Liv. u. Cic.: dispersos milites in unum, Sall. – veteranos in suum auxilium, Suet.: naves ad exercitum traiciendum, Liv. – β) zur Unterredung, zur Beratung, zur Versammlung zusammenbringen, versammeln, kommen lassen, Scipionem et Hasdrubalem ad colloquium dirimendarum simultatium causā, Liv. – domum fidissimos amicorum, Iustin.: praefectos copiarum in praetorium, Curt.: in unum omnes copias ducesque, Liv. – bes. den Senat (b. Cic. cogere), pauci tantum patrum, quos casus obtulerat, contracti a consulibus, Liv.: senatus (Romanus) edicto contrahitur, Val. Max.: c. senatum (= βουλήν) in gymnasio, Iustin.: decuriones, Plin. ep. – γ) zu einer Korporation vereinigen, verbinden, ii, qui in idem contracti fuerint, Traian. in Plin. ep. 10, 34 (43), 1.

    c) einsammelnd zusammenbringen, zusammentragen, sammeln, omnis generis commeatum, Suet.: aurum, Plin.: exemplaria, Suet.: haec vetera (diese alten Schriftstücke), Tac. dial.: undique libros, Suet.: plures domos emptionibus per procuratores, Vell. – Insbes.: α) Früchte usw. zusammen-, einbringen, einheimsen, apes mella contrahunt, Plin.: venenum aliud ex radicibus herbarum contrahitur (vegetabilisches), aliud ex animalibus mortiferis reservatur (animalisches), Ps. Quint. decl. – β) Geld zusammenbringen, aufbringen, einnehmen, bes. als Erlös, c. pecuniam (Ggstz. erogare), Val. Max. – m. ex u. Abl., pecunia per quaestorem populi Romani ex praeda vendita contracta, Gell.: pecuniam ex viatico amicorum ipsiusque Caesaris, Tac.: ex pretio viridis olei plus quam multitudine mali nummorum contrahitur, Col. – m. Dat. (wozu?), pecuniam, quam tuae saluti contraxeram, Sen.

    2) übtr.: a) Gemüter zusammenbringen, in der Zuneigung vereinigen, contrahit celeriter similitudo eos, Liv.: illa (Venus) rudes animos hominum contraxit in unum, Ov.

    b) eines Verbindung zusammenbringen, herbeiführen, α) eine freundschaftliche od. verwandtschaftliche knüpfen, eingehen, v. lebl. Subjj., c. amicitiam, Cic. de amic. 48 u. (mit Ggstz. dissipare discordiam) Cic. de amic. 24: vinculum amicitiae, Val. Max. 4, 7 in. – v. Pers., c. matrimonium (Ggstz. matrimonium solvere, dimittere), Iustin. u. Suet.: affinitas inter Caesarem et Pompeium contracta nuptiis, Vell. – β) eine geschäftliche Verbindung eingehen, abschließen, in etw. sich einlassen, rem, rationem, negotium, Cic.: emptionem ac venditionem, ICt.: res contractae, Verträge, Cic.: male contractae res, mißliche Umstände, in die wir verfangen sind, Cic. – m. cum u. Abl. od. m. inter se, cum multis res rationesque contractae, Geschäfts- u. Handelsverbindungen, Cic.: c. magnam rationem cum Mauritaniae rege, Cic.: c. nihil cum alqo, sich mit jmd. nichts zu schaffen machen, Cic.: res inter se c. emendo, vendendo, mutuum dando, Liv. – u. ohne Objekt, is qui od. ii quibuscum contrahebat, sich (in ein Geschäft) einließ, Cic.: neque si tecum agas aliquid neque si cum altero contrahas, vacare officio potes, Cic.

    c) einen Zustand jmdm. od. sich zuziehen, herbeiführen, verwirken, α) übh.: aes alienum u. aes alienum novum, Cic.: aes alienum in popina, Cic., od. luxu, Curt.: aes alienum cum creditore, Sen. – a nostra persona benevolentiam, von seiten unserer Person W. gewinnen, Cornif. rhet.: bellum, Liv.: alci od. sibi bellum cum alqo, Liv.: causas bellorum et bella, Mela. – causam certaminis cum alqo, Liv.: mortis sibi causam, Plin.: contracto iam inter Aetolos et Trallos certamine, sich entsponnen hatte, Liv.: clades suā temeritate contracta, Liv.: c. culpam, ICt. (u. so ea est contracta a nobis culpa, ut etc., Cic. ad Att. 11, 24, 1). – in maximis lucris paulum aliquid damni (v. Kaufhandel), Cic. – inimicitias domui, Quint.: plurimum invidiae alqā re, Suet.: numinis iram sibi, Ov. – aliquid litigii inter hos duos, Plaut.: lites, Plaut. u. Cic. – malum culpā, Cic.: molestias liberalitate suā, Cic. – necessitates ad bellum cum Romanis, Liv.: contrahitur mihi negotium, ich werde in Verlegenheit gebracht, Cic.: c. nefas celanda effando, Liv.: c. noxam, Schaden nehmen, Col. u. Apul.: odium hoc facinore, Vell.: tantum odium immoderati imperii crudelitate, Iustin. – incerti, morando an veniendo plus periculi contraherent, Liv.: conscientia contracti culpā periculi, Liv.: c. peregre habitando in singulas noctes tantum sibi reique publicae piaculi, verwirken, Liv.: c. sibi poenam, Hirt. b. G.: c. porcam, als Strafe verwirken, Cic. – c. rixam ex occursu, Vell. – v. lebl. Subjj., si mercatura quaestuosa in maximis rebus aliquid damni contraxerit, Cic.: apud Lacedaemonios virtus Alcibiadis plus invidiae quam gratiae contraxit, Iustin.: eiusmodi res et invidiam contrahunt in vita et odium in oratione, si inconsiderate tractes, Cornif. rhet.: si causae turpitudo contrahet offensionem, Cic.: illa, quae rabie contracta toleravimus, Sall. fr. – β) physische Übel zuziehen, herbeiführen, αα) an andern, v. lebl. Subjj., multorum dierum inopia contraxerat pestem, Iustin.: tristitia, quam videtur bilis atra contrahere, Cels. – ββ) an sich, sich zuziehen, v. Pers., stranguriae morbum, Plin.: cruditatem illic (dort = beim Mahle), Quint.: valetudinem adversam ferventissimis aestibus, Plin. ep.: dolor capitis vel vino vel cruditate contrahitur, Cels.: tussis multis modis contrahitur, Cels. – c. morbum ex aegritudine od. ex dolore, Iustin.: causam valetudinis ex profluvio alvi, Suet.: saginam corporis et valetudinem oculorum ex nimia luxuria, Iustin. – v. Lebl., situm aut mucorem (v. Essig), Col.: ne situ penora mucorem contrahant, Col.

    II) nach innen, verkürzend, verengernd, verdichtend zusammenziehen, 1) eig.: a) verkürzend zusammenziehen, einziehen, α) die Gliedmaßen usw. am Körper, αα) übh.: c. membrum (Ggstz. porrigere, extendere, Cic. u. Cels.: collum, cerviculam (Ggstz. tendere, extendere), Cic. u. Quint.: supercilia (Ggstz. remittere), Quint.: manum celeri motu (Ggstz. explicare), Quint.: tres digitos (Ggstz. explicare), Quint.: medium digitum in pollicem explicitis tribus, Quint.: digitos in pugnum, Plin.: crura, Ov.: brachia alci, für jmd. (um ihm Platz zu machen), Verg.: labra nimium, Cels.: rictum, Lact.: frontem, in Falten ziehen, vor Unwillen, Kummer usw. (Ggstz. frontem exporrigere, explicare, remittere; zuw. auch Ggstz. gaudere), Plaut., Cic., Quint. u. Plin. ep.: u. so vultum, Ov. – bina cornua, v. den Schnecken (Ggstz. protendere), Plin.: pinnarum oculos in acervum, v. Pfau (Ggstz. expandere colores), Plin.: habiliora sunt corpora, quae in arma (Rüstung) sua contrahi possunt (sich einschnüren lassen), quam quae superfunduntur (darüber hinausgehen), Sen. – u. se contrahere, sich zusammenziehen, sich verengern, zB. contrahit se millepeda tactu, Plin.: u. (Ggstz. se dilatare) tum pulmones se contrahunt aspirantes tum respiratu dilatant, Cic. – u. Passiv contrahi medial, sich zusammenziehen, sich verengern, nervi musculique contrahuntur (Ggstz. in suum locum veniunt), Cels.: contrahitur rictus, Ov.: cum spiritus (Atem) timore contrahitur, Sen.: u. Ggstz. dilatari, zB. stomachi partes eae, quae sunt infra id quod devoratur, dilatantur; quae autem supra, contrahuntur, Cic.: u. Ggstz. diffundi, zB. tumor frigore omni contrahitur, calore diffunditur, Cels.: und Ggstz. distendi (aufgetrieben werden), ovis sanguinariam herbam pasta toto ventre distenditur contrahiturque, Col. – contractum aliquo morbo bovis cor, Cic. de div. 2, 37. – contractum genibus tangas caput, so das du zusammengekauert mit den Knien den K. berührst, Hor. sat. 2, 7, 61: und so gravissimo frigore solus atque contractus vigilabit in lectulo, Hieron. epist. 53 (dagegen Hor. ep. 1, 7, 12 contractus leget, eingezogen, ungestört). – ββ) (besond. als mediz. t. t.) krampfhaft zusammenziehen, einziehen, bes. Passiv contrahi medial = sich zusammenziehen, sich einziehen, sich vor Krampf krümmen, sowohl momentan, saepe crura manusque contrahuntur, Cels.: ubi aegro crura contrahuntur, Cels.: contractis membris clamitans se vivere, Suet. – als dauernd, nervi qui contrahuntur, gelähmte Sehnen, Cels.: contracti aliquo morbo nervi, Cels.: recenti cicatrice contracti articuli, Cels.: contracti cruris aridi nervi, Sen. – Partiz. subst., contractī, ōrum, m., Gelähmte, Arnob. 1, 48. – β) andere Ggstde.: αα) übh.: appropinquante manu folia (v. einem Kraute), Plin.: arcum, spannen, Iuven. – ββ) als naut. t. t., c. vela, die S. einziehen, reffen, bildl. = sich im Glücke mäßigen, s. Cic. ad Att. 1, 16, 2. Quint. 12. prooem. § 4. Hor. carm. 2, 10, 23. – γγ) als t. t. der Baukunst, zusammenziehen, verjüngen, columnam, Vitr. 4, 3, 4 (vgl. 3, 3, 12 u. 4, 7, 2): pyramis XXIV gradibus in metae cacumen se contrahens, Plin. 36, 31.

    b) verdichtend zusammenziehen, α) Wunden usw., vulnera, cicatrices, Plin.: fibulae oras vulneris paulatim contrahunt, Cels. – β) den Stuhlgang hart machen, verstopfen (Ggstz. solvere), alvum, ventrem, Cels.: in senectute alvus contrahitur, tritt Verstopfung ein, Cels. – γ) Gliedmaßen starr-, steif machen, v. Frost, Todeskälte, gew. Partiz. contractus = starr, steif, digitus torpens contractusque frigore, taub u. steif durch Fr., Suet.: vermes rigore contracti decidunt, Col.: mori contractam cum te cogunt frigora (die Mücke im Winter), Phaedr. – u. v. Frost selbst, contracto frigore pigrae, träg von starren- der Kälte (von den Bienen), Verg. georg. 4, 259; vgl. pigrum est enim contractumque frigus, Sen. de ira 2, 19, 2. – δ) eine Flüssigkeit zusammenziehen, gerinnen machen, lac, Plin.: sanguinem, v. der Furcht (Ggstz. diffundere), Gell.

    2) übtr.: a) räumlich zusammenziehen, verkürzen, verengern, diffunditur mare latissimum iterumque contrahitur, Mart. Cap.: c. castra (milit. t. t., auch mit dem Zusatz in exiguum orbem), Caes. u. Liv.: lacum, Plin. ep.: spatia orae magis magisque (v. Hispanien), Mela: contracta aequora iactis in altum molibus, Hor.: c. lucis iter (v. der Sonne), Prop.: orbem (v. Monde), Ov.: umbras (v. Tage), Ov.: horrida tempestas contraxit caelum, verengte (für den Augenschein) den Horizont, d.i. umhüllte, umnachtete den H., Hor. epod. 13, 1.

    b) der Zeitdauer nach verkürzen, abkürzen (Ggstz. extendere), tempus epulandi, Plin. pan.: tempora dicendi, Quint.

    c) Rede u. Schrift zusammenziehen, zusammenfassen, verkürzen, kürzer sprechen, kurz ausdrücken, kurz fassen (Ggstz. extendere, dilatare), poëta inusitatius contraxerat meûm factûm pro meorum factorum, Cic.: orationem aut ex verbo dilatare aut in verbum contrahere, Cic.: sit nonnumquam summittenda et contrahenda oratio, Quint.: c. nomina, verba, Cic.: mollia vocabula et Graeca ad lenitatem versus contrahere, extendere, inflectere (v. Homer), Plin. ep.: ut breviter contraham summam, Quint.: rerum notitia in artum contracta, Vell.: c. praecepta in unum, Ov.: quaelibet ex iis artibus in paucos libros, Quint.: opus in minores gyros, Stat.

    d) dem numerischen usw. Umfang nach in die Enge zusammenziehen, einschränken, beschränken, ermäßigen, α) übh.: c. universitatem generis humani eamque gradatim ad pauciores, postremo deducere ad singulos, Cic.: ea contrahere in angustumque deducere, Cic. – u. scherzh., res tuae ita contractae, ut ›nec caput nec pedes‹, zusammengewickelt (= verwickelt), Cic. ep. 7, 31, 2. – β) Affekte: appetitus omnes contrahere sedareque, Cic.: cupidinem, Hor.

    e) Gemüt, Herz, Mut einengen, beengen, beklommen machen, pressen, c. animum (Ggstz. remittere), Cic.: animum c. ac demittere, Cic.: cui non animus formidine divûm contrahitur? Lucr.: cuius non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae (kluge Einfälle) solvant? Sen. – u. übtr. auf die Pers., tum (sol) quasi tristitiā quādam contrahit terram tum vicissim laetificat, Cic.: ut et bonis amici (des Fr.) quasi diffundantur et incommodis contrahantur, daß man sich (das Herz) sowohl durch das Glück des Freundes erweitert als durch seine Unannehmlichkeiten beengt fühlt, Cic.

    lateinisch-deutsches > contraho

  • 19 mancipium

    mancĭpĭum (mancŭpĭum), ĭi, n. [manus + capio] [st2]1 [-] mancipation, aliénation d'une propriété, cession, vente (on portait la main, en présence de cinq témoins, sur l'objet cédé, comme symbole de la prise de possession). [st2]2 [-] droit de propriété. [st2]3 [-] esclave (de l'un ou l'autre sexe), serviteur (acquis par mancipation).    - qqf. gén. sing. contacté mancipi.    - res mancipii: choses qui (nous) appartiennent en propre.    - aliquid alicui mancipio dare: donner qqch en toute propriété à qqn.    - mancipia argento parata, Liv. 41, 6: esclaves achetés.    - mancipiis locuples eget aeris Cappadocum rex, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 39: le roi de Cappadoce, riche en esclaves, manque d'argent.    - esse mancipium alicujus (esse in mancipio alicujus): être la propriété de qqn.    - esse sui mancipii, Cic.: être son maître, ne relever de personne.    - in mancipii lege: dans le contrat de vente.    - hoc in mancipio Marius non dixerat, Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67: Marius ne l'avait pas dit lors de la vente.    - idem sutor est, idem cocus, idem pistor, omnis Musae mancipium, Petr.: il est à la fois cordonnier, cuisinier, pâtissier, c'est un serviteur apte à tous les métiers.    - mancipium Christi, Prud.: serviteur du Christ. Pour les res mancipi, le mode d'acquisition le plus important est la mancipatio per aes et libram; elle se fait en présence des deux parties, de cinq témoins, d'un porte-balance, libripens, et de l'objet à acquérir, si c'est un meuble. L'acquéreur touche de la main l'objet qui doit être aliéné; il frappe d'un lingot de métal, aes, la balance, libra, que tient le libripens, et remet le lingot à la personne qui fait l'aliénation, en prononçant une formule sacramentelle.
    * * *
    mancĭpĭum (mancŭpĭum), ĭi, n. [manus + capio] [st2]1 [-] mancipation, aliénation d'une propriété, cession, vente (on portait la main, en présence de cinq témoins, sur l'objet cédé, comme symbole de la prise de possession). [st2]2 [-] droit de propriété. [st2]3 [-] esclave (de l'un ou l'autre sexe), serviteur (acquis par mancipation).    - qqf. gén. sing. contacté mancipi.    - res mancipii: choses qui (nous) appartiennent en propre.    - aliquid alicui mancipio dare: donner qqch en toute propriété à qqn.    - mancipia argento parata, Liv. 41, 6: esclaves achetés.    - mancipiis locuples eget aeris Cappadocum rex, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 39: le roi de Cappadoce, riche en esclaves, manque d'argent.    - esse mancipium alicujus (esse in mancipio alicujus): être la propriété de qqn.    - esse sui mancipii, Cic.: être son maître, ne relever de personne.    - in mancipii lege: dans le contrat de vente.    - hoc in mancipio Marius non dixerat, Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67: Marius ne l'avait pas dit lors de la vente.    - idem sutor est, idem cocus, idem pistor, omnis Musae mancipium, Petr.: il est à la fois cordonnier, cuisinier, pâtissier, c'est un serviteur apte à tous les métiers.    - mancipium Christi, Prud.: serviteur du Christ. Pour les res mancipi, le mode d'acquisition le plus important est la mancipatio per aes et libram; elle se fait en présence des deux parties, de cinq témoins, d'un porte-balance, libripens, et de l'objet à acquérir, si c'est un meuble. L'acquéreur touche de la main l'objet qui doit être aliéné; il frappe d'un lingot de métal, aes, la balance, libra, que tient le libripens, et remet le lingot à la personne qui fait l'aliénation, en prononçant une formule sacramentelle.
    * * *
        Mancipium, mancipii: vel Mancupium, mancupii. Cicero. Un esclave et prisonnier de guerre.
    \
        Mancipium. Cic. La vente et contract d'une vendition.
    \
        Vita mancipio nulli datur, omnibus vsu. Lucret. Nous n'avons la vie que par usufruict, et non point en pleine proprieté.
    \
        Lex mancipii. Cic. Une clause et condition apposee en un contract de vendition des choses immeubles.
    \
        Mancipio dare. Plaut. Vendre avec promesse de garantir.
    \
        Accipere mancipio. Varro. Acheter une chose que le vendeur promet garantir.
    \
        Sui mancipii esse. Brutus ad Ciceronem. Estre à soymesmes, N'estre subject à personne.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > mancipium

  • 20 contraho

    con-traho, trāxī, tractum, ere, zusammenziehen, beiziehen, I) vereinigend: 1) eig.: a) zusammen-, beiziehen = ziehend vereinigen, von lebl. Subjj., pituitam, semen, Cels. – mit in u. Akk., umorem in caput, Cels.: aquam intus in uterum, Cels.: in se caliginem, Plin.
    b) zusammenziehen, beiziehen = versammeln, sammeln, vereinigen, gew. leb. Wesen (Ggstz. dissipare, dispergere), captivos, Liv.: agrestes, Ov.: serpentes, Plin.: muscas, Plin.: undique fontes, Ov.: iumenta et camelos a Susis, Curt. – dispersos cives in unam urbem, Val. Max. – v. lebl. Subjj., contraxit eos non officii modo cura, sed etiam studium spectaculi, Liv. – Insbes.: α) (als milit. t. t.) Truppen, Schiffe usw. beiziehen, an sich ziehen, u. (mit u. ohne in unum locum, in unum) auf einen Punkt zusammenziehen, vereinigen, konzentrieren, auxilia, Suet. u. Iustin.: exercitum, Vell.: copias, Nep.: equitum et peditum copias, Pompei. in Cic. ep.: praesidia, quae in Umbria sunt, Pompei. in Cic. ep.: naves circiter LXXX cogere contrahereque, Caes.: magnam classem, Nep. – copias subito, Nep., celeriter, Nep. – undique exercitum, Liv., omnes copias, Curt., naves, Liv., od. auxilia a finitimis, Iustin.: ex omnibus oppidis copias, Pompei. in Cic. ep.: ex finitimis regionibus cohortes ex delectibus Pompeianis, Caes. – auxi-
    ————
    lia in Graecia, Iustin.: copias ad Bononiam, Suet. – illuc od. eo suas copias, Nep.: onerarias naves ex omni Graeciae ora eodem, Liv.: Luceriam omnes copias, Cic.: Veios ingentem exercitum, Liv.: in una castra decem legiones, Vell.: exercitum od. impedimenta in unum locum, Caes. u. Liv.: omnes od. omnia in unum, Liv. u. Cic.: dispersos milites in unum, Sall. – veteranos in suum auxilium, Suet.: naves ad exercitum traiciendum, Liv. – β) zur Unterredung, zur Beratung, zur Versammlung zusammenbringen, versammeln, kommen lassen, Scipionem et Hasdrubalem ad colloquium dirimendarum simultatium causā, Liv. – domum fidissimos amicorum, Iustin.: praefectos copiarum in praetorium, Curt.: in unum omnes copias ducesque, Liv. – bes. den Senat (b. Cic. cogere), pauci tantum patrum, quos casus obtulerat, contracti a consulibus, Liv.: senatus (Romanus) edicto contrahitur, Val. Max.: c. senatum (= βουλήν) in gymnasio, Iustin.: decuriones, Plin. ep. – γ) zu einer Korporation vereinigen, verbinden, ii, qui in idem contracti fuerint, Traian. in Plin. ep. 10, 34 (43), 1.
    c) einsammelnd zusammenbringen, zusammentragen, sammeln, omnis generis commeatum, Suet.: aurum, Plin.: exemplaria, Suet.: haec vetera (diese alten Schriftstücke), Tac. dial.: undique libros, Suet.: plures domos emptionibus per procuratores, Vell. –
    ————
    Insbes.: α) Früchte usw. zusammen-, einbringen, einheimsen, apes mella contrahunt, Plin.: venenum aliud ex radicibus herbarum contrahitur (vegetabilisches), aliud ex animalibus mortiferis reservatur (animalisches), Ps. Quint. decl. – β) Geld zusammenbringen, aufbringen, einnehmen, bes. als Erlös, c. pecuniam (Ggstz. erogare), Val. Max. – m. ex u. Abl., pecunia per quaestorem populi Romani ex praeda vendita contracta, Gell.: pecuniam ex viatico amicorum ipsiusque Caesaris, Tac.: ex pretio viridis olei plus quam multitudine mali nummorum contrahitur, Col. – m. Dat. (wozu?), pecuniam, quam tuae saluti contraxeram, Sen.
    2) übtr.: a) Gemüter zusammenbringen, in der Zuneigung vereinigen, contrahit celeriter similitudo eos, Liv.: illa (Venus) rudes animos hominum contraxit in unum, Ov.
    b) eines Verbindung zusammenbringen, herbeiführen, α) eine freundschaftliche od. verwandtschaftliche knüpfen, eingehen, v. lebl. Subjj., c. amicitiam, Cic. de amic. 48 u. (mit Ggstz. dissipare discordiam) Cic. de amic. 24: vinculum amicitiae, Val. Max. 4, 7 in. – v. Pers., c. matrimonium (Ggstz. matrimonium solvere, dimittere), Iustin. u. Suet.: affinitas inter Caesarem et Pompeium contracta nuptiis, Vell. – β) eine geschäftliche Verbindung eingehen, abschließen, in etw. sich einlassen, rem, rationem,
    ————
    negotium, Cic.: emptionem ac venditionem, ICt.: res contractae, Verträge, Cic.: male contractae res, mißliche Umstände, in die wir verfangen sind, Cic. – m. cum u. Abl. od. m. inter se, cum multis res rationesque contractae, Geschäfts- u. Handelsverbindungen, Cic.: c. magnam rationem cum Mauritaniae rege, Cic.: c. nihil cum alqo, sich mit jmd. nichts zu schaffen machen, Cic.: res inter se c. emendo, vendendo, mutuum dando, Liv. – u. ohne Objekt, is qui od. ii quibuscum contrahebat, sich (in ein Geschäft) einließ, Cic.: neque si tecum agas aliquid neque si cum altero contrahas, vacare officio potes, Cic.
    c) einen Zustand jmdm. od. sich zuziehen, herbeiführen, verwirken, α) übh.: aes alienum u. aes alienum novum, Cic.: aes alienum in popina, Cic., od. luxu, Curt.: aes alienum cum creditore, Sen. – a nostra persona benevolentiam, von seiten unserer Person W. gewinnen, Cornif. rhet.: bellum, Liv.: alci od. sibi bellum cum alqo, Liv.: causas bellorum et bella, Mela. – causam certaminis cum alqo, Liv.: mortis sibi causam, Plin.: contracto iam inter Aetolos et Trallos certamine, sich entsponnen hatte, Liv.: clades suā temeritate contracta, Liv.: c. culpam, ICt. (u. so ea est contracta a nobis culpa, ut etc., Cic. ad Att. 11, 24, 1). – in maximis lucris paulum aliquid damni (v. Kaufhandel), Cic. – inimicitias domui, Quint.: plurimum invidiae alqā re, Suet.: numinis iram sibi, Ov. –
    ————
    aliquid litigii inter hos duos, Plaut.: lites, Plaut. u. Cic. – malum culpā, Cic.: molestias liberalitate suā, Cic. – necessitates ad bellum cum Romanis, Liv.: contrahitur mihi negotium, ich werde in Verlegenheit gebracht, Cic.: c. nefas celanda effando, Liv.: c. noxam, Schaden nehmen, Col. u. Apul.: odium hoc facinore, Vell.: tantum odium immoderati imperii crudelitate, Iustin. – incerti, morando an veniendo plus periculi contraherent, Liv.: conscientia contracti culpā periculi, Liv.: c. peregre habitando in singulas noctes tantum sibi reique publicae piaculi, verwirken, Liv.: c. sibi poenam, Hirt. b. G.: c. porcam, als Strafe verwirken, Cic. – c. rixam ex occursu, Vell. – v. lebl. Subjj., si mercatura quaestuosa in maximis rebus aliquid damni contraxerit, Cic.: apud Lacedaemonios virtus Alcibiadis plus invidiae quam gratiae contraxit, Iustin.: eiusmodi res et invidiam contrahunt in vita et odium in oratione, si inconsiderate tractes, Cornif. rhet.: si causae turpitudo contrahet offensionem, Cic.: illa, quae rabie contracta toleravimus, Sall. fr. – β) physische Übel zuziehen, herbeiführen, αα) an andern, v. lebl. Subjj., multorum dierum inopia contraxerat pestem, Iustin.: tristitia, quam videtur bilis atra contrahere, Cels. – ββ) an sich, sich zuziehen, v. Pers., stranguriae morbum, Plin.: cruditatem illic (dort = beim Mahle), Quint.: valetudinem adversam ferventissimis aestibus, Plin. ep.: dolor capitis vel
    ————
    vino vel cruditate contrahitur, Cels.: tussis multis modis contrahitur, Cels. – c. morbum ex aegritudine od. ex dolore, Iustin.: causam valetudinis ex profluvio alvi, Suet.: saginam corporis et valetudinem oculorum ex nimia luxuria, Iustin. – v. Lebl., situm aut mucorem (v. Essig), Col.: ne situ penora mucorem contrahant, Col.
    II) nach innen, verkürzend, verengernd, verdichtend zusammenziehen, 1) eig.: a) verkürzend zusammenziehen, einziehen, α) die Gliedmaßen usw. am Körper, αα) übh.: c. membrum (Ggstz. porrigere, extendere, Cic. u. Cels.: collum, cerviculam (Ggstz. tendere, extendere), Cic. u. Quint.: supercilia (Ggstz. remittere), Quint.: manum celeri motu (Ggstz. explicare), Quint.: tres digitos (Ggstz. explicare), Quint.: medium digitum in pollicem explicitis tribus, Quint.: digitos in pugnum, Plin.: crura, Ov.: brachia alci, für jmd. (um ihm Platz zu machen), Verg.: labra nimium, Cels.: rictum, Lact.: frontem, in Falten ziehen, vor Unwillen, Kummer usw. (Ggstz. frontem exporrigere, explicare, remittere; zuw. auch Ggstz. gaudere), Plaut., Cic., Quint. u. Plin. ep.: u. so vultum, Ov. – bina cornua, v. den Schnecken (Ggstz. protendere), Plin.: pinnarum oculos in acervum, v. Pfau (Ggstz. expandere colores), Plin.: habiliora sunt corpora, quae in arma (Rüstung) sua contrahi possunt (sich einschnüren lassen), quam quae superfunduntur (dar-
    ————
    über hinausgehen), Sen. – u. se contrahere, sich zusammenziehen, sich verengern, zB. contrahit se millepeda tactu, Plin.: u. (Ggstz. se dilatare) tum pulmones se contrahunt aspirantes tum respiratu dilatant, Cic. – u. Passiv contrahi medial, sich zusammenziehen, sich verengern, nervi musculique contrahuntur (Ggstz. in suum locum veniunt), Cels.: contrahitur rictus, Ov.: cum spiritus (Atem) timore contrahitur, Sen.: u. Ggstz. dilatari, zB. stomachi partes eae, quae sunt infra id quod devoratur, dilatantur; quae autem supra, contrahuntur, Cic.: u. Ggstz. diffundi, zB. tumor frigore omni contrahitur, calore diffunditur, Cels.: und Ggstz. distendi (aufgetrieben werden), ovis sanguinariam herbam pasta toto ventre distenditur contrahiturque, Col. – contractum aliquo morbo bovis cor, Cic. de div. 2, 37. – contractum genibus tangas caput, so das du zusammengekauert mit den Knien den K. berührst, Hor. sat. 2, 7, 61: und so gravissimo frigore solus atque contractus vigilabit in lectulo, Hieron. epist. 53 (dagegen Hor. ep. 1, 7, 12 contractus leget, eingezogen, ungestört). – ββ) (besond. als mediz. t. t.) krampfhaft zusammenziehen, einziehen, bes. Passiv contrahi medial = sich zusammenziehen, sich einziehen, sich vor Krampf krümmen, sowohl momentan, saepe crura manusque contrahuntur, Cels.: ubi aegro crura contrahuntur, Cels.: contractis membris clamitans se vivere, Suet. – als
    ————
    dauernd, nervi qui contrahuntur, gelähmte Sehnen, Cels.: contracti aliquo morbo nervi, Cels.: recenti cicatrice contracti articuli, Cels.: contracti cruris aridi nervi, Sen. – Partiz. subst., contractī, ōrum, m., Gelähmte, Arnob. 1, 48. – β) andere Ggstde.: αα) übh.: appropinquante manu folia (v. einem Kraute), Plin.: arcum, spannen, Iuven. – ββ) als naut. t. t., c. vela, die S. einziehen, reffen, bildl. = sich im Glücke mäßigen, s. Cic. ad Att. 1, 16, 2. Quint. 12. prooem. § 4. Hor. carm. 2, 10, 23. – γγ) als t. t. der Baukunst, zusammenziehen, verjüngen, columnam, Vitr. 4, 3, 4 (vgl. 3, 3, 12 u. 4, 7, 2): pyramis XXIV gradibus in metae cacumen se contrahens, Plin. 36, 31.
    b) verdichtend zusammenziehen, α) Wunden usw., vulnera, cicatrices, Plin.: fibulae oras vulneris paulatim contrahunt, Cels. – β) den Stuhlgang hart machen, verstopfen (Ggstz. solvere), alvum, ventrem, Cels.: in senectute alvus contrahitur, tritt Verstopfung ein, Cels. – γ) Gliedmaßen starr-, steif machen, v. Frost, Todeskälte, gew. Partiz. contractus = starr, steif, digitus torpens contractusque frigore, taub u. steif durch Fr., Suet.: vermes rigore contracti decidunt, Col.: mori contractam cum te cogunt frigora (die Mücke im Winter), Phaedr. – u. v. Frost selbst, contracto frigore pigrae, träg von starren- der Kälte (von den Bienen), Verg. georg. 4, 259; vgl. pigrum est enim contractumque frigus, Sen. de ira 2, 19, 2. –
    ————
    δ) eine Flüssigkeit zusammenziehen, gerinnen machen, lac, Plin.: sanguinem, v. der Furcht (Ggstz. diffundere), Gell.
    2) übtr.: a) räumlich zusammenziehen, verkürzen, verengern, diffunditur mare latissimum iterumque contrahitur, Mart. Cap.: c. castra (milit. t. t., auch mit dem Zusatz in exiguum orbem), Caes. u. Liv.: lacum, Plin. ep.: spatia orae magis magisque (v. Hispanien), Mela: contracta aequora iactis in altum molibus, Hor.: c. lucis iter (v. der Sonne), Prop.: orbem (v. Monde), Ov.: umbras (v. Tage), Ov.: horrida tempestas contraxit caelum, verengte (für den Augenschein) den Horizont, d.i. umhüllte, umnachtete den H., Hor. epod. 13, 1.
    b) der Zeitdauer nach verkürzen, abkürzen (Ggstz. extendere), tempus epulandi, Plin. pan.: tempora dicendi, Quint.
    c) Rede u. Schrift zusammenziehen, zusammenfassen, verkürzen, kürzer sprechen, kurz ausdrücken, kurz fassen (Ggstz. extendere, dilatare), poëta inusitatius contraxerat meûm factûm pro meorum factorum, Cic.: orationem aut ex verbo dilatare aut in verbum contrahere, Cic.: sit nonnumquam summittenda et contrahenda oratio, Quint.: c. nomina, verba, Cic.: mollia vocabula et Graeca ad lenitatem versus contrahere, extendere, inflectere (v. Homer), Plin. ep.: ut breviter contraham summam, Quint.: rerum notitia
    ————
    in artum contracta, Vell.: c. praecepta in unum, Ov.: quaelibet ex iis artibus in paucos libros, Quint.: opus in minores gyros, Stat.
    d) dem numerischen usw. Umfang nach in die Enge zusammenziehen, einschränken, beschränken, ermäßigen, α) übh.: c. universitatem generis humani eamque gradatim ad pauciores, postremo deducere ad singulos, Cic.: ea contrahere in angustumque deducere, Cic. – u. scherzh., res tuae ita contractae, ut ›nec caput nec pedes‹, zusammengewickelt (= verwickelt), Cic. ep. 7, 31, 2. – β) Affekte: appetitus omnes contrahere sedareque, Cic.: cupidinem, Hor.
    e) Gemüt, Herz, Mut einengen, beengen, beklommen machen, pressen, c. animum (Ggstz. remittere), Cic.: animum c. ac demittere, Cic.: cui non animus formidine divûm contrahitur? Lucr.: cuius non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae (kluge Einfälle) solvant? Sen. – u. übtr. auf die Pers., tum (sol) quasi tristitiā quādam contrahit terram tum vicissim laetificat, Cic.: ut et bonis amici (des Fr.) quasi diffundantur et incommodis contrahantur, daß man sich (das Herz) sowohl durch das Glück des Freundes erweitert als durch seine Unannehmlichkeiten beengt fühlt, Cic.

    Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > contraho

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