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1 μασχάλη
μασχάλη, ἡ (vgl. μάλη, Achsel), die Achselhöhlung unter dem Oberarm, H. h. Merc. 242; λύκοι νεβρὸν φέρουσιν ἀμφὶ μασχάλαις, Aesch. frg. bei Schol. Il. 13, 198; μασχάλην αἴρειν, sprichwörtlich von Zechern, die mit emporgehobenen Armen unbändig lachen (vgl. Od. 18, 100, χεῖρας ἀνασχόμενοι γέλω ἔκϑανον), Cratin. bei Poll. 6, 26; Zenob. 5, 7; Hesych. – Uebertr., jede Höhlung, Einbiegung: – a) Einbug bei einem Vorgebirge, Strab. 6, 2, 7 (vgl. ἀγκών). – b) am Schiffe, der Theil der πρώρα, wo sich der ἀρτέμων befindet, Hesych. – c) an Pflanzen, die Höhlung unter einem hervorgebrochenen Blatte oder jungen Schößlinge, Theophr., Diosc., ala, axilla, Plin., u. dah. auch der junge Schößling einer Pflanze, bes. junge Palmzweige, aus denen man Körbe flocht u. Stricke drehte, vgl. μασχάλιος. – Auch ein Theil am Olivenblatte, Hesych.
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2 μάλη
μάλη, ἡ, die Achsel (vgl. μασχάλη, ala, axilla, Buttm. Lexil. I p. 195), scheint sich nur in der Verbindung ὑπὸ μάλης, u. Sp. auch ὑπὸ μάλην (s. Lob. Phryn. 196), erhalten zu haben, unter der Achsel, d. i. heimlich, versteckt, hinterlistig, wie man meuchlerische Mordwaffen unter dem Arme versteckt trug; δόρυ ὑπὸ μάλης ἔχων, Ar. Lys. 984; λαβὼν ὑπὸ μάλης ἐγχειρίδιον, Plat. Gorg. 469 d, wo der Schol. bemerkt ἐπὶ τοῦ κρυφίως τι πράττειν, vgl. Legg. VII, 789 c; ξιφίδια ὑπὸ μάλης ἔχοντας, Xen. Hell. 2, 3, 23; übertr., ὑπὸ μάλης ἡ πρόκλησις ἐγένετο Dem. 29, 12, Sp.; vgl. Luc. Alex. 15 D. Mut. 10, 9; D. C. 46, 23.
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3 ἐκ-νοσφίζομαι
ἐκ-νοσφίζομαι, daraus entwenden, Simm. ala 12.
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4 φτερό
l'ala -
5 σιγγλάριος
σιγγλάριος, ὁ,= Lat.A singularis; εἴλη Σιν[γ]λαρίων,= ala Singularium, IGRom.4.1213 (Thyatira, iii A.D.); [full] σιγγουλάριος, Lyd. Mag.3.7, PLond.5.1797.6 (vi A.D.), etc.; written [full] σινγουλάρις or [suff] σῑγᾰλ-ιος, Baillet Inscriptions des tombeaux des rois à Thèbes 1473, 1688.II ἱππεὺς σινγλάρις,= eques singularis, IGRom.3.394 (= 503) (Pisidia, iii A.D.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σιγγλάριος
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6 ἴλη
A band, troop of men, Hdt.1.73, 202; εὔφρονες ἶλαι merry companies, Pi.N.5.38; alsoἴλα λεόντων E.Alc. 581
(lyr.).2 as a military term, troop of horse, prop. of sixty-four men, cf. Arr.Tact.18.2; but varying in number, Ascl.Tact.7.2;= Lat. turma, Plb.6.25.1, al., D.H.6.12, al., Plu.Caes. 45,al.; later,= Lat. ala, IGRom.3.272 ([place name] Galatia), BGU69 (ii A.D.), J. AJ17.10.9, etc.; κατὰ ἴλας,= ἰλαδόν, opp. κατὰ τάξεις, X.An.1.2.16: generally, troop or company of soldiers, S.Aj. 1407 (anap.). -
7 μάλη
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8 μασχάλη
μασχάλη, ἡ ( μάλη, Achsel), die Achselhöhlung unter dem Oberarm; μασχάλην αἴρειν, sprichwörtlich von Zechern, die mit emporgehobenen Armen unbändig lachen. Übertr., jede Höhlung, Einbiegung, (a) Einbug bei einem Vorgebirge; (b) am Schiffe: der Teil der πρώρα, wo sich der ἀρτέμων befindet; (c) an Pflanzen: die Höhlung unter einem hervorgebrochenen Blatte oder jungen Schößlinge; ala, axilla u. dah. auch der junge Schößling einer Pflanze, bes. junge Palmzweige, aus denen man Körbe flocht u. Stricke drehte. Auch ein Teil am Olivenblatte -
9 ἄναλτος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `insatiable' (Od.).Other forms: Cf. ἄλτρον· μισθός H.; from `what garantees food'? (DELG)Etymology: Negative verbal adjective of the root seen in Lat. alo, OIr. alim, ON ala `feed', Goth. alands `τρεφόμενος, nourished', in Greek only in enlarged form: ἀλδαίνω, ἀλθαίνω(?) (s. vv.). Perhaps νεᾱλής `fresh, not tired' is form the same root (s.v.). - Skt. anala- `fire', supposed to be `the insatiable', is rather of Dravidian origin.Page in Frisk: 1,102Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄναλτος
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10 ἄξων
ἄξων, - ονοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `axle' (Il.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [6] *h₂eḱs-Etymology: Old noun, found in Skt. ákṣ-a- m., Lat. ax-is, Lith. aš-ìs, OCS os-ь; OHG ahsa f.; l-derivatives in ON ǫxull m., W. echel f., Lat. āla (\< * aks-lā, cf. axilla) `arm-pit, wing'. - The word has been connected with ἄγω (Benveniste Origines 7, 24, 121), which is not certain. - Not in ἅμαξα.Page in Frisk: 1,116Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄξων
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11 δηρός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `lasting long'(Il.)Other forms: dor. δᾱρός, mostly δηρόν, δᾱρόν as adv. `long'. On the use Björck Alpha impurum 126, 208, 210).Etymology: To δήν, δ(Ϝ)ά̄ν from *δϜᾱ-ρός. (Not to Arm. erkar `lasting long'; s. Kortlandt, Armeniaca 92f.). The same root form in Hitt. tuu̯a adv. `far', tuu̯ala- adj. `far from' (Benveniste BSL 33, 142f.). Another form in Skt. comp. dávīyān `further' (*deu̯h₂-) with analogical superlativ dáviṣṭha-. with zero grade in OP. duvaištam, Av. dbōištǝm `diutissime'; alo in Arm. tev-em `hold out'. Zero grade also in Skt. dū-rá- `far', Lat. dū-dum `(already) long' a. o. - See Pok. 219f.Page in Frisk: 1,382-383Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δηρός
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12 ἦρα
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `please somebody' ( ἐπὶ) ἦρα φερειν (Il.), posthom. w. gen. = χάριν `to somebody's pleasure' (B., Call.).Other forms: acc. sg. (pl. n.?).Derivatives: ἐρί-ηρες pl.`faithful' s. v., also ἐπίηρος, ἐπιήρ-ανος `acceptable, pleasant, grateful', s. vv. Also βριηρόν μεγάλως κεχαρισμένον H. (wrong for ἐρί- ?). PN Πολυ-ήρης a. o. (Bechtel Hist. Personennamen 194f.). - On Lesb. ἠρώνα s.v..Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1165] *uēr- `friendliness'Etymology: An original Ϝῆρ-α (on the digamma Chantraine Gramm. 1, 152; on the formation Sommer Nominalkomp. 138) gives several formal possibilities for connection. A connection with Lat. se-vērus `earnest' (\< * sē vērō "without friendliness"), Germ., e. g. OWNo. vǣrr `friendly', OHG ala-wāri ` friendly', further to the word for `true', Lat. vērus = OIr. fir = Germ., e. g. OHG wār, OCS věra `faith' a. o. seems possible (Prellwitz KZ 44, 152, Bechtel Lex. 138 a. o.). In Greek some try to connect ἑορτη, ἔρανος, ἔροτις, s. vv. - Not with Fick 1, 130, Prellwitz a. o. and Bq to Skt. vr̥ṇóti `avert' etc. (s. ἔρυμαι). See W.-Hofmann s. sevērus and vērus.Page in Frisk: 1,641-642Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἦρα
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13 καλαῦροψ
καλαῦροψ, - οποςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: name of a herder's staff, which was thrown to drive back the cattle to the herd (Ψ 845, Antim., A.R.);Other forms: κολλόροβον (Hipparch. Ptol.; BGU 59.13 written κολλώροβον), = κορύνη H. (which has κολλορόβον); (Fur. 145f.)Derivatives: καλαυρόπιον (Artem.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Unclear καλαυρόφις βακτηριοφόρος H. (in wrong place); Fur. 146 n. 18 suggests that it is a mistake for *καλαυροπο-φορίς. - Aeolic compound καλα-Ϝροψ (Schwyzer 224, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 158), of which the second member reminds ῥόπαλον (s. v.), but which is further unexplained. The comparison with Skt. śalá- ` stick' (s. Bq; cf. on κῆλον) or with κλάω, κλάσαι must be forgotten. - A typical Pre-Greek word, which contains a labialized r, i.e. rʷ: * kalarʷap-; the labial element was anticipated in καλαυροπ-, the element coloured the following a into o; in κολλορ- the preceding a was also coloured to o; the first a was assimilated to the following o, ω; the ω was contracted from αυ; compare for the phenomena on ἄλοξ. (The final syllable will have had -ap- as this was the normal form in Pre-Greek and as the language did not have a phoneme o.) Thus the forms show several phenomena typical of Pre-Greek loans.Page in Frisk: 1,762Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καλαῦροψ
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14 κέλλω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `drive (on) (tr. a. intr.), move, put (a ship) to shore, land',Other forms: (gramm.), aor. κέλσαι (Od.; on the phonetics Schwyzer 285), fut. κέλσω (A., E.), κελῶ (H.)Compounds: also with prefix, esp. ὀ-κέλλω, aor. ὀκεῖλαι (IA.), rarely ἐπι-, ἐγ-, εἰσ-, συγ-κέλσαι (ep., also Hp., Ar.), ἐπ-έκειλα Act. Ap. 27, 41.Derivatives: Beside it κέλομαι (Il., Dor.), aor. ( ἐ)κέκλετο (Il.) with new present κέκλομαι (A. R.), ( ἐ)κελήσατο (Pi., Epich., Epid.), fut. κελήσομαι (κ 296), rarely with ἐπι-, παρα-, `drive on, exhort, call'. Further athematic κέντο (Alcm. 141) \< *κέλτο (on the phonetics Schwyzer 213, on the formation ibd. 678f.). - Derivv. κέλης, κελεύω, κλόνος, s. vv.Etymology: κέλλω (yot-present) and κέλομαι, which are semantically close, exist unmixed side by side. That they are cognate is mostly not doubted, though for κέλομαι the meaning `call to' reminds of καλεῖν (thus Fraenkel Mélanges Boisacq 1, 367f., Specht KZ 59, 86ff.); but this meaning could have developed from `drive on, invite, summon. request' secondarily. - The other languages have no forms that agree closely with the Greek ones. Semantically closest is the secondary present Skt. kalayati ( kāl-) `drives'. Note also the root aorist Toch. A śäl, B śala `he brought', pl. kalar, śälāre (Pedersen Tocharisch 183ff.), with a nā- present källāṣ, källāṣṣäṃ; neither meaning nor form however is clear. The same holds for Alb. qil `bring, carry' and for Germ., e. g. Goth haldan `βόσκειν, ποιμαίνειν', NHG halten. A nominal formation one might compare is Lat. celer `quick'; (quite uncertain however is Lat. celeber `populous, abounding in'. - Inspite of the differences in meaning one usually assumes that they have the same root (DELG). Connections with other languages are few and rather doubtful. Further there is the problem of ὀ-, which is assumed in ὄζος etc. The meaning of ( ὀ)κέλλω `run a ship aground', the usual way of landing (except in a harbour) is so concrete that I would assume a separate verb, but I see no further indications that the verb is Pre-Greek; perh. the ὀ- is Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,817-818Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κέλλω
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15 ποικίλος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `varicoloured, wrought in many colours (stitched, knitted, woven), manifold, versatile, cunning' (Il.).Dialectal forms: Myc. pokironuka n. pl. `with many coloured onukes'.Compounds: Many compp., e.g. ποικιλό-θρονος (s. θρόνα and Bolling AmJPh 79, 275ff.), πολυ-ποίκιλος `much variegated' (E.; cf. below).Derivatives: 1. ποικιλ-ία f. `variegation, diversity, embroidering' (IA.); 2. - ίας m. fishname (Paus.; Strömberg Fischn. 25, Thompson Fishes s. v.), - ίς f. name of a bird that eats the lark's eggs (Arist.; Thompson Birds s. v.); 3. - εύς m. `broiderer, stitcher' (Alex. Com.). 4. Denominat.: a. - ίλλω, also w. δια-, κατα- a.o., `to make varicoloured, to work artfully etc.' with - ιλμα n. `varicoloured work, stitching, weave' (Il.; Wace AmJArch 1948, 51 f., 452; Porzig Satzinhalte 188), - ιλμός m. `elaboration, decoration' (Epicur., Plu.), - ιλσις f. `id.' (Pl.); - ιλτής m. `broiderer, stitcher' (Aeschin., Arist.), f. - ίλτρια (Str.), - ιλτικός `belonging to stitching' (LXX etc.); b. - ιλόω `to stitch' (A. Fr. 304 = 609 Mette); c. - ιλεύομαι `to be artful, versatile' (Vett. Val.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [794] *peiḱ- `stitch, paint'Etymology: Formation like κό-ϊλος (: κόοι), ναυτ-ίλος (: ναύτης), ὀργ-ίλος (: ὀργή) etc.; like the two lastmentioned with secondary paroxytonesis (Schwyzer 379 a. 484f.); so from a noun of unknown stem (cf. Schwyzer 484 n. 5, also Specht Ursprung 121). To a basic word *ποῖκος agree several words of other languages: Skt. péśa- m. `ornament' (with peśalá- `ornamented, beautiful': ποικίλος), Av. paēsa- m. `leprosy', also `ornament' in zaranyō-paēsa-'with golden ornament' a.o., Lith. paĩšas m. `smut, dustspot'. With this formally identical a Germ. adj. for `motley', e.g. OHG OS fēh, Goth. filu-faihs `πολυποίκιλος'; prob. through secondary adjectivising like Av. paēsa- which also means `leprous'. The morphological identity of Goth. filu-faihs and Skt. puru-péśa- is accidental; the supposition (Porzig Gliederung 136), πολυ-ποίκιλος would be a cross of ποικίλος and *πολύ-ποικος (= puru-péśa-), is to be rejected, as the relatively late Gr. word may have been built after πολυ-δαίδαλος, which, orig. prob. a bahuvrihi, was reinterpreted as `very artfull' (s. δαίδαλος). -- IE *póiḱos m. belongs as nomen actionis to a verb `cut, stitch, scratch in, paint etc.' in Skt. piṃśáti `carve, cut, ornament', Slav., e.g. OCS pьsati `write' a. o.; IE *piḱ-; besides with final voiced cons. a.o. Lat. pingō `stitch with a needle, paint'. An old r-deriv. of the same verb is πικρός prop. `cutting in, stitching' (s. v.). Quite uncertain is the H.-gloss πεικόν πικρόν, πευκεδανόν; if correct, in formation comparable with λευκός. -- Further forms w. lit. in Bq (esp. on the meaning), WP. 2, 9f., Pok. 794f., W.-Hofmann s. pingō (very rich), Fraenkel s. paĩšas and piẽšti, Vasmer s. pisátь, Mayrhofer s. péśaḥ. -- (Quite uncertain πίγγαλος.)Page in Frisk: 2,572-573Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ποικίλος
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