to+be+entertained

προξενέω

to be: pres subj act 3rd pl (attic epic doric)

προξενόομαι

to be entertained before: pres subj mp 2nd sg (epic)

προξενέω

to be: pres subj act 3rd pl (attic epic doric)

προξενόομαι

to be entertained before: pres subj mp 2nd sg (epic)

V 0-0-0-2-1=3 Prv 21,7; Est 8,12k; Sir 29,27

P: to be entertained as a guest

Cf. HELBING 1928, 253

δαιτῠμ-ών, όνος, ὁ, ([etym.] δαίς)

A one that is entertained, guest, (but in Od.4.621 of those who bring each his portion) Hom. only in pl., Od.7.102, 148, al, cf. Hdt. 1.73, etc.: in sg., Pl.R. 345c, Arist.Pol. 1282a22.

ξεν-ίζω, [dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Ep. [full] ξεινίζω, [tense] fut. -ιῶ, later

A

- ίσω Gp.12.13.12

: [dialect] Ep.[tense] aor.ἐξείνισσα, ξείνισσα, -ισα (v. infr.): ([etym.] ξένος):— receive or entertain as a guest,

ξείνους Od.3.355

;

τὸν μὲν ἐγὼ.. ἐῢ ἐξείνισσα 19.194

;

ἐννῆμαρ ξείνισσε Il.6.174

; ξείνισ' ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ib. 217 ;

ξ. τινὰ ἐν δόμοις E.Alc. 1013

, etc.;

ξ. [τινὰ] σίτοισι S.Fr. 666

; ξ. τινὰ πολλοῖς ἀγαθοῖς to present with hospitable gifts, X.Cyr.5.3.2 ; ὑμᾶς ἐν πόλει ξενίσωμεν ὧν.. εἴχομεν with or on what we had, Ar.Lys. 1184 : metaph., ὃν.. Ἄρης οὐκ ἐξένισεν, i.e. who fell not in battle, S.El.96 (anap.): —[voice] Pass., to be entertained as a guest, Ar.Ach.73 ;

ξενισθεὶς μὴ ἀντιξενίσαι Phld.Vit.p.30

J.;

ὑπό τινος Hdt.1.30

, X.HG3.1.24, etc.;

παρά τινι D.S.14.30

, Act.Ap.10.6, 21.16 ;

πρός τινα Philem.109

: metaph.,

λαχάνοισιν, ὥσπερ χῆνες, ἐξενισμένοι Theopomp.Com.13

.

II surprise, astonish by some strange sight,

ξενίζουσαν καὶ καταπληκτικὴν πρόσοψιν Plb.3.114.4

; ξ. τὴν ἀκοήν, of strange words, Hld.6.14 ;

ξ. καὶ ταράττειν Gp.2.48.2

; ξ. [τὴν τῶν πολλῶν συνήθειαν] do violence to the ordinary use of language, Simp.in Cael.679.28 :—[voice] Pass., to be astonished, S.Ichn.137 ; τινι Plb.1.23.5, 3.68.9, 1 Ep.Pet.4.12 ;

διὰ τὸ παράδοξον Plb.1.49.7

;

ἐπί τινι Id.2.27.4

, D.S.31.2 ;

κατά τι Plb.1.33.1

;

μὴ συντρεχόντων ὑμῶν 1 Ep.Pet.4.4

;

εἰ.. M.Ant.8.15

, cf. Vett.Val.302.17 ;

πῶς.. PStrassb. 35.6

(v A. D.) ; to be puzzled, unable to comprehend, Ael.Tact.1.6 ; of fresh leeches, to be unaccustomed to the skin, Antyll. ap. Orib.7.21.1.

2 make strange, of plants and animals, i.e. stunt their growth and distort them, Gp.9.5.3 ([voice] Pass.); τῷ πλήθει ξενιζομένη ἡ φύσις being altered in character, Alex.Aphr.Pr.1.80, cf.Hippiatr.15.

III intr., to be a stranger, speak with a foreign accent, D.57.18 ;

τὸ ξενίζον τῆς λέξεως D.S.12.53

, cf. Luc.Hist.Conscr.45.

2 to be strange or unusual, of diseases, Gal.17(1).162 ;

ξ. τῷ σχήματι Luc.Anach.16

;

τῷ τρίβωνι Id.Merc.Cond.24

;

θάνατος.. τῇ τόλμῃ ξενίζων Id.Hist. Conscr.25

.

ξεν-όω, [dialect] Ion. [full] ξεινόω, ([etym.] ξένος)

A make one's friend and guest, entertain, in [voice] Med.,

ξενοῦμαι A.Supp. 927

, cf. A.R.1.849 : [tense] fut.

ξενώσεται Lyc. 92

.

II mostly in [voice] Pass., with [tense] fut. [voice] Med.

ξενώσομαι S.Ph. 303

: [tense] pf. ἐξένωμαι : [tense] aor. ἐξενώθην (ἐξενώθησαν Ἀττικῶς· ἐξενίσθησαν Ἑλληνικῶς Moer.p.167 P.):

1 enter into a treaty of hospitality with one,

πόλιες ἀλλήλῃσι ἐξεινώθησαν Hdt.6.21

, cf. Pl.Lg. 642e, X.Ages.8.5 ;

βασιλεῦσιν ἐξενωμένος Lys.6.48

: abs., X.HG4.1.34.

2 take up one's abode with one as a guest, to be entertained,

Θήβᾳ ξενωθείς Pi.P.4.299

, cf. A.Ch. 702, S. l. c., etc. ;

ξενωθεὶς τοῖσδ' ἐν.. δόμοις E.Alc.68

; ξενοῦται τῷ Ξενοφῶντι, [παρ'] Ἑλλάδι, X.An.7.8.6,8 ;

ξενωθεὶς ὑπὸ τᾶς βουλᾶς IG12(1).383

([place name] Rhodes).

3 reside abroad,

δαρὸν ἐξενωμένου S.Tr.65

, cf. E. Ion 820 ; go into banishment, Id.Hipp. 1085.

III later, in [voice] Act., deprive one of a thing,

[τινά] τινος Hld.6.7

.

προξενόομαι, [voice] Pass.,

A to be entertained before, c. dat. pers., Str. 1.2.33.

πρόσφᾰτος, ον,

A fresh, not decomposed, of a corpse miraculously preserved,

νῦν δέ μοι ἑρσήεις καὶ π. ἐν μεγάροισιν κεῖσαι Il.24.757

; νεκρὸς π. Hdt.2.89, 121.έ; τροφὴ ἔτι π. (sc. before digestion begins) Arist.PA 675b32; [ζῷα] τὰ πεπωκότα πόμα π. which have taken a recent drink, Id.HA 520b31;

πορφύρας.. πρόσφατον τὸ ἄνθος ἔτι φυλαττούσης Plu.Alex.36

; of fish, Antiph.218.1, Men.462.4, PMich.Zen.72.8 (iii B.C.);

ἐχῖνοι Posidipp.14

; of poultry, Gal.Vict.Att.8; [ κρέα] Hp.Acut. (Sp.) 49, cf. Sor.2.15, al.;

δέλεαρ Arist.HA 534a12

; ζῷα π., opp. salted, D.S.3.31, cf. Gal.6.728;

ἄλφιτα καὶ ἄλητα Hp. Vict.2.44

, gloss on ποταίνια in Acut.37; καρποί, ἔλαιον, Arist.Pr. 926a30, 927a29; ῥίζαι [σιλφίου] Thphr.HP6.3.5;

σταφυλή LXX Nu.6.3

, Sor. 1.51;

φῦκος Agatharch.35

;

νάρδος Dsc.1.7

;

χιών Plb.3.55.1

;

παγάν Pi.P.4.299

(unless πρόσφατον ξενωθείς = recently entertained); ὕδωρ newly-drawn well-water, Plu.2.690c;

ποτόν Porph.Marc.4

; αἷμα uncoagulated, opp. πεπηγότες θρόμβοι, Hp.Epid.7.10; [

καταμηνίων ῥύσις] -ωτέρα Arist.GA 764a6

; σπέρμα, οὖρον, Id.Pr. 924b28, 907b25.

2 of events and actions, recent,

δίκαι A.Ch. 804

(lyr.);

ἐπιστολαί S.Fr. 128

;

ὀργή Lys.18.19

;

ὀχεία Arist.HA 509b31

;

φόβος Aen.Tact.3.1

;

φθόνος Plu.Them.24

;

θεωρίαι καὶ μαθήσεις Arist.EE 1237a24

;

φαντασία Id.MM 1203b4

; λύπη defined as

δόξα πρόσφατος κακοῦ παρουσίας Zeno Stoic.1.52

;

ἀτύχημα Plb.1.21.9

;

εὐεργεσίαι Id.2.46.1

; [ πράγματα] Plu.2.146b; ὄγκοι ( = οἰδήματα) Gal.18(2).145; βήξ, i.e. not yet chronic, Sor.1.123, cf. 2.46; γάλα, i.e. lately begun to be secreted, Id.1.89; of persons, recent in date, of Homer, Arist. Mete. 351b35; μάρτυρες.. οἱ μὲν παλαιοὶ οἱ δὲ π. Id.Rh. 1375b27: used predicatively, χρόνοι [τοῖς πλουσίοις] τοῦ δίκην ὑποσχεῖν.. δίδονται, καὶ τἀδικήμαθ' ἕωλα.. ὡς ὑμᾶς καὶ ψύχρ' ἀφικνεῖται, τῶν δ' ἄλλων ἡμῶν ἕκαστος π. κρίνεται the cases of us poor men are served up fresh, D.21.112; νεαλὴς καὶ π. fresh (because recently imprisoned), Id.25.61.

3 new,

οὐκ ἔστι πᾶν π. ὑπὸ τὸν ἥλιον LXX Ec.1.9

; οὐκ ἔσται ἐν σοὶ θεὸς π. ib.Ps.80(81).10;

ὁδὸν π. καὶ ζῶσαν Ep.Hebr.10.20

;

ἀεὶ ἡδίων ἡ π. ἀφροδίτη Alciphr.1.39

.

II Adv. - τως newly, lately,

π. ἠγγελμένων Aen.Tact.16.2

, cf. LXX De.24.5, OGI315.23 (Pessinus, ii B.C.), Parth.28.1, D.S.14.115, J.BJ1.6.2, Babr.30.3, Anon.Hist. ( FGrH 153) p.826 J. (Orig. = νεωστὶ ἀνῃρημένος (cf. πέφαται, etc.) acc. to Phot.; perh. slaughtered for (the occasion).)

πρῠτᾰν-εύω (also [full] βρυτανεύω, IG9(1).111 ([place name] Elatea), cf. πρυτανεῖον),

A to be πρύτανις or president, hold sway, ἀθανάτοισι among them, h.Ap.68; so of God, Ph.2.595.

2 to be chairman of a board, D.21.87; of a βουλή, POxy.2130.7 (iii A.D.), etc.

II at Athens, hold the presidency, prop. of the tribe in order of πρυτανεία in βουλή and

ἐκκλησία, ἔτυχεν.. ἡ φυλὴ [Ἀντιοχὶς] πρυτανεύουσα Pl.Ap. 32b

, cf. Grg. 473e;

Ἀκαμαντὶς ἐπρυτάνευε IG12.16

, Th.4.118, etc.: sts. of an individual member of the πρυτανεία, IG12.39.14, al., Antipho 6.45;

οἱ τότε πρυτανεύσαντες And.1.46

.

b generally, of the mover of a motion,

ὁ πρυτανεύσας ταῦτα καὶ πείσας D.15.3

.

2 π. περὶ εἰρήνης put the question on a motion for peace, this being the duty of the Prytanes, Ar.Ach.60;

εἰρήνην πρυτανεῦσαι Isoc.4.121

: hence,

3 π. τινὶ εἰρήνην obtain peace for another, Luc.Demon.9, cf. PStrassb.5.8 ([voice] Pass., iii A.D.);

φιλίαν τισί D.C.46.11

;

πᾶσι τὰ ἀγαθά Aristid.Or.26(14).109

; [αἱ Πλειάδες] τὸ ἔαρ ἡμῖν π. herald the spring, Procop.Gaz.p.141 B.

III generally, control, regulate, joined with διοικεῖν, D.5.6:—[voice] Pass., πρυτανεύεσθαι παρά τινος to suffer oneself to be guided by one, Id.9.60.

2 metaph., δεῖπνον χαριέντως πεπρυτανευμένον served daintily, Alex.110.4; of persons, to be entertained,

χορηγίᾳ βασιλικῇ Plu.2.602a

.

Ἑκάλειος Ζεύς [pron. full] [ᾰ], from Ἑκάλη, a lady who entertained Theseus, and for this received at Athens the yearly honour of the [full] Ἑκαλήσια [ ἱερά]: hence the epith. was given to Zeus as worshipped on the same day, Plu.Thes.14.

δίψυχος, ον (s. prec. two entries; not in non-bibl. wr. or LXX; the title in Philo, Fgm. II 663 Mangey is not fr. Philo’s hand.—But Parmenides 6, 5 speaks of δίκρανοι=double-headed people, who stagger helplessly here and there in their thinking) pert. to being uncertain about the truth of someth., doubting, hesitating, lit. double-minded Js 4:8 (cp. Pind., N. 10, 89 οὐ γνώμᾳ διπλόαν θέτο βουλάν=‘he entertained no double purpose in his mind’); ἀνὴρ δ. a doubter 1:8; Hm 9:6; ὁ δ. m 10, 2, 2; οἱ δ. (w. διστάζοντες) 1 Cl 11:2; 23:3; 2 Cl 11:2.—Hv 3, 4, 3; 4, 2, 6; m 9:5; 11:1f, 4; Hs 8, 7, 1; 9, 21, 1ff. W. ἀπόκενος m 5, 2, 1. κενός m 11:13. ἀσύνετος m 12, 4, 2. ἄφρων, ταλαίπωρος Hs 1:3. βλάσφημος Hs 9, 18, 3. κατάλαλος Hs 8, 7, 2.—OSeitz, JBL 63, ’44, 131–40; 66, ’47, 211–19, NTS 4, ’57/58, 327–34 (Hermas and the Thanksgiving Scroll); WWolverton, ATR 38, ’56, 166–75 (Essene Psychology).—M-M. TW. Sv.

λανθάνω (Hom.+) fut. λήσω (Just., A I, 35, 1; Ath. 22:2) or λήσομαι (2 Km 18:13; Ath., R. 10 p. 59, 2); 2 aor. ἔλαθον; pf. 3 sg. λέληθεν to succeed in avoiding attention or awareness, escape notice, be hidden abs. (Jos., Bell. 3, 343; Just., A I, 11, 2) Mk 7:24; Lk 8:47; MPol 6:2.—λανθάνει τί τινα someth. is hidden from someone, escapes someone’s notice (Hom. et al.; BGU 531 II, 13; POxy 34 verso III, 3; 1253, 22; Job 34:21 λέληθεν αὐτὸν οὐδέν; EpArist 132; Jos., Ant. 17, 38, Vi. 83; JosAs 6:3 οὐδὲν κρυπτὸν λέληθεν αὐτῷ [-όν v.l.]; Just., A I, 12, 3) IEph 19:1; 2 Pt 3:8. οὐδὲν λέληθεν αὐτόν 1 Cl 21:3; cp. 27:6; IEph 14:1; 15:3; Pol 4:3. λανθάνειν αὐτὸν τούτων οὐ πείθομαι οὐθέν I cannot bring myself to believe that any of these things has escaped his notice Ac 26:26. [ὅσα] ὑ̣μ̣ᾶ̣ς λανθάνει καὶ ἀπομνημονεύω, ἀ̣π̣α̣[γγέλω ὑμῖν] whatever has escaped your notice and I (Mary) recall, I [declare to you.] Ox 3525, 18.—That which escapes notice can also be expressed by a ὅτι-clause (X., Mem. 3, 5, 24; Isocr., Ep. 6, 12; Dio Chrys. 16 [33], 37) λανθάνει αὐτοὺς τοῦτο θέλοντας ὅτι when they maintain this, it escapes their notice (i.e. they forget or ignore) that 2 Pt 3:5 (s. θέλω 4). Likew. by the ptc. (Maximus Tyr. 4, 6b; Jos., Vi. 425; Just., A I, 12, 3; Ath. 22, 2; B-D-F §414, 3; Rob. 1120) ἔλαθόν τινες (sc. ἑαυτούς) ξενίσαντες ἀγγέλους some, without knowing it, have entertained angels Hb 13:2 (cp. Hdt. 1, 44 φονέα τοῦ παιδὸς ἐλάνθανε βόσκων=he fed the murderer of his son without knowing it; X., Mem. 4, 3, 9 al.; Lucian, De Merc. Cond. 7 ἔλαθον γηράσαντες=they had grown old without noticing it).—DELG. M-M. Spicq.

ξενίζω (ξένος) 1 aor. ἐξένισα. Pass.: 1 fut. ξενισθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐξενίσθην (Hom. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; TestAbr B; Philo, Joseph., Ath.).

① to show hospitality, receive as a guest, entertain (Hom. et al.) τινά someone (X., Cyr. 8, 3, 35; Diod S 14, 31, 3; Aelian, VH 13, 26) Ac 10:23. ἀγγέλους (TestAbr B 2 p. 106, 21f [Stone p. 60]; cp. Polyaenus 6, 1, 3 ξ. θεούς) Hb 13:2 (after Gen 18:3; 19:2f). The obj. is to be supplied fr. the context (Sir 29:25) Ac 28:7.—Pass. be entertained as a guest, stay ἐν οἰκίᾳ τινός 10:32. παρά τινι with someone (Diod S 14, 30, 3; Philo, Abr. 131; Jos., Ant. 12, 171) vs. 6; 21:16 (on the constr. s. B-D-F §294, 5; Rob. 721); 1 Cor 16:19 v.l. ἐνθάδε Ac 10:18.

② to cause a strong psychological reaction through introduction of someth. new or strange, astonish, surprise (Polyb. 3, 114, 4; Diod S 12, 53, 3; Jos., Ant. 1, 45) ξενίζοντά τινα astonishing things Ac 17:20.—Pass. be surprised, wonder (Polyb.; M. Ant. 8, 15; PStras 35, 6; PIand 20, 1; Ath., R. 16 p. 67, 9) w. dat. of the thing causing surprise (Polyb. 1, 23, 5; 3, 68, 9) μὴ ξενίζεσθε τῇ ἐν ὑμῖν πυρώσει do not be surprised (upset, ESelwyn, 1 Pt ’46, 212) at the fiery ordeal among you 1 Pt 4:12; v.l. ἐπὶ τῇ κτλ. (corresponding to Polyb. 2, 27, 4; UPZ 146, 4; 6 [II B.C.]; Jos., Ant. 1, 35). Also ἔν τινι vs. 4 (B-D-F §196; s. Rob. 532). Abs. 2 Cl 17:5.—M-M. TW. Spicq.

παρατίθημι (s. παραθήκη; Hom.+) fut. παραθήσω; 1 aor. παρέθηκα; 2 aor. subj. παραθῶ, inf. παραθεῖναι Lk 9:16 and-θῆναι Mk 8:7 v.l. Mid.: fut. παραθήσομαι Ps 30:6; 2 aor. παρεθέμην, impv. παράθου 2 Tim 2:2. Pass.: 1 aor. παρετέθην. Prim. mng.: ‘place beside, place before’.

① to place someth. before someone, set before, freq. of food (Hom. et al.; LXX; Abercius ins 13 τροφήν) τινὶ someone (Gen 18:8) Mk 6:41; 8:6b; Lk 9:16. τὶ someth. (Gen 43:31) Mk 8:7. τινί τι someth. to someone (Theophr., Char. 10; 30 ἄρτους ἱκανούς; Diod S 21, 12, 5; Gen 24:33; 2 Km 12:20; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 14 Jac.) Lk 11:6. Abs. Mk 8:6a. π. τράπεζαν set food before one who is being entertained (Od. 5, 92; 21, 29; JosAs 7:1; TestAbr A 6 p. 83, 11 [Stone p. 14]; Jos., Ant. 6, 338; cp. Epici, “Alcmaeon” [VI B.C.] 2, 2 p. 33 B.=p. 76 K.; s. also 2a below) Ac 16:34. Pass. αὐτοῖς ἐκέλευσε παρατεθῆναι φαγεῖν κ. πιεῖν MPol 7:2. τὰ παρατιθέμενα the food that is served/set before (X., Cyr. 2, 1, 30; Aristot., Pol. 1, 6; Bel 21, cp. 18; Pr 23:1) τὰ παρατιθέμενα ὑμῖν Lk 10:8; cp. the sing. 1 Cor 10:27.—Mid., of hospitality set, spread τράπεζαν (Diod S 34 + 35, Fgm. 2, 35; Jos., Bell. 7, 264; TestAbr A 4 p. 81, 17 [Stone p. 10]) Dg 5:7.

② to set forth in teaching

ⓐ act. put before τὶ someth. (X., Cyr. 1, 6, 14; Lucian, Rh. Pr. 9 παραδείγματα al.; Ex 19:7; 21:1; Just., A I, 12, 11) παραβολὴν παρέθηκεν αὐτοῖς Mt 13:24, 31.

ⓑ mid., demonstrate, point out (POxy 33 verso III, 12; Jos., Vi. 6) διανοίγων καὶ παρατιθέμενος ὅτι Ac 17:3.—28:23 v.l.

③ to entrust for safekeeping, give over, entrust, commend, mid. (Ps.-X., Rep. Ath. [the Old Oligarch] 2, 16; Polyb. 33, 12, 3; Plut., Num. 66 [9, 10]; oft. pap; Tob 1:14; 4:1, 20; 1 Macc 9:35; ApcEsdr 6:17).

ⓐ τί τινι entrust someth. to someone ᾧ παρέθεντο πολύ Lk 12:48. For safekeeping or transmission to others 1 Ti 1:18; 2 Ti 2:2.

ⓑ τινά τινι entrust someone to the care or protection of someone (Diod S 16, 2, 2; 17, 23, 5; PGiss 88, 5 Ἀπολλωνοῦν παρατίθεμαί σοι; PSI 96, 2; Tob 10:13; Jos., Ant. 7, 387) Hs 9, 10, 6. Of divine protection παρέθεντο αὐτοὺς τῷ κυρίῳ Ac 14:23; cp. 20:32. Sim. εἰς χεῖράς σου παρατίθεμαι τὸ πνεῦμά μου Lk 23:46; AcPl Ha 10, 22 (cp. Ps 30:6.—With this saying of Jesus cp. the subject matter of Ps.-Callisth. 3, 30, 15: in the face of death, Alexander prays: ὦ Ζεῦ, δέχου κἀμέ); cp. 1 Pt 4:19 and GDalman, Jesus-Jeshua, tr. PLevertoff, 1929, 209f.

④ to cause someth. to happen to someone, do (to) φοβοῦμαι, μὴ … ὑμῖν βλάβην παραθῶ I fear that I may cause you harm ITr 5:1.—M-M. TW.

ἀνάκειμαι impf. ἀνεκείμην (s. κεῖμαι; Pind., Hdt.+; ins, pap, LXX; TestJob 15:4 [for ἐνέκειντο]; ParJer 9:9 [of deceased Jer.]; Jos., Ant. 3, 38 al.; Ath. 37, 1 ἀνακείσθω … ὁ λόγος of Ath.’s apologetic statement ‘suffice, be concluded’), functions as pass. of ἀνατίθημι.

① gener. (opp. ἑστηκέναι, of one who appears to be dead ParJer 9:9) lie, recline Mk 5:40 v.l.; Hv 3, 12, 2. (Most ancient writers prefer κεῖμαι in this sense, s. Phryn. in 2.)

② otherw. always of reclining at table, equals dine (Aristot. and Diphilus [300 B.C.] in Athen. 1, 23c; Polyb. 13, 6, 8; 1 Esdr 4:11; for discussion on proper usage s. Phryn. 216f Lob. A character in a drama cited Ath. 1, 23c sarcastically asks in ref. to a banquet scene whether statues were being entertained on the couch.) αὐτοῦ ἀνακειμένου ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ as he was dining in the house Mt 9:10.—26:7; Mk 14:18; 16:14; Lk 7:37 v.l. ἀ. μετά τινος Mt 26:20. σύν τινι J 12:2; ἀ. ἐν τῷ κόλπῳ τινός lean on someone’s chest=take the place of honor, if it was the chest of the head of the house 13:23 (cp. Lk 16:23, where sc. ἀνακείμενον [some mss. supply ἀναπαυόμενον]; Pliny, Epist. 4, 22, 4 cenabat Nerva cum paucis; Veiento proximus atque etiam in sinu recumbebat). ἐργάτας ἀνακειμένους GJs 18:2 (not pap) laborers reclining for dinner—ὁ ἀνακείμενος the one who is reclining, the guest Mt 22:10f; Mk 6:26 (v.l. συνανάκειμαι q.v.); Lk 22:27 (opp. ὁ διακονῶν); J 6:11; 13:28.—On the v.l. κατάκειμαι s. GKilpatrick, JTS n.s. 17, ’66, 67–69; For pictures on ancient reliefs and vases s. e.g. JJung, Leben u. Sitten d. Römer I 1883, 24; ABaumeister, Denkmäler d. klass. Altert. I 1885, 365f.—DELG s.v. κεῖμαι. M-M. TW.

ἐλπίς, ίδος, ἡ (s. ἐλπίζω; Hom.+ ‘expectation, hope’, also ‘foreboding’ Aeschyl. et al.)

① the looking forward to someth. with some reason for confidence respecting fulfillment, hope, expectation:

ⓐ gener. hope, expectation, prospect ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι (for the spelling s. 1bα below) in hope (Ps.-Pla., Alc. 1, 105a ἐπὶ τίνι ἐλπίδι ζῇς; Eur., Herc. Fur. 804; X., Mem. 2, 1, 18; Diod S 13, 21, 7; Jos., Ant. 4, 36) 1 Cor 9:10a in a quotation (source unknown; cp. Sir. 6:19). παρʼ ἐλπίδα contrary to (all human) expectation (Aeschyl., Ag. 899; Aeneas Tact. 1020; Lycophron vs. 535; Dionys. Hal. 6, 25; Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 22 §85; Philo, Mos. 1, 250; Jos., Bell. 3, 183, Vi. 380; Just., D. 2, 5) Ro 4:18. W. objective gen. (Diod S 16, 55, 4 τῆς εὐεργεσίας ἐλπίς; Appian, Celt. 1 §9 ἐλπὶς ἀναβιώσεως; Jos., Vi. 325 ἐ. κέρδους; Just., D. 8, 3 ἐ. … ἀμείνονος μοίρας) ἐλπὶς τ. ἐργασίας hope of gain Ac 16:19; μετανοίας IEph 10:1; Hs 6, 2, 4; 8, 7, 2; 8, 10, 2. W. gen. of the inf. (Dositheus 19, 6 ἐ. τοῦ δύνασθαι; Ath. 33, 1 τοῦ συνέσεσθαι θεῷ) τοῦ σῴζεσθαι Ac 27:20; τοῦ μετέχειν 1 Cor 9:10b. ἐλπίδα ἔχειν (oft. LXX and non-bibl. wr.) w. gen. of the inf. τοῦ μετανοῆσαι Hs 8, 6, 5. τῇ ἐ. ἐσώθημεν we are saved (or possess salvation) only in hope/anticipation (not yet in reality) Ro 8:24 (Diod S 20, 40, 1 περιεβάλετο ταῖς ἐλπίσι μείζονα δυναστείαν=he entertained prospects of control over a larger realm). ἡ ἐ. ἡμῶν βεβαία ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν our expectations involving you are well founded (Paul is confident that the Cor. will hold out under oppression in the future as they have in the past) 2 Cor 1:7. Of the confidence that the Jews placed in their temple ματαία ἡ ἐ. αὐτῶν B 16:2 (on empty hope, s. Reader, Polemo 313).

ⓑ esp. pert. to matters spoken of in God’s promises, hope

α. without specif. ref. to Christian hope ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι (for the spelling ἐφʼ ἑλπίδι s. B-D-F §14; Rob. 224 and cp. an ins fr. Asia Minor: PASA II, 1888, p. 89 ln. 15 ἐπʼ ἐλπίδος and ln. 26 ἐφʼ ἑλπίδος) in (the) hope (Diod S 13, 21, 7 ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι [σωτηρίας]) Ro 8:20 (B-D-F §235, 2); cp. Tit 1:2. ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι ἐπίστευσεν full of hope he believed (in God) Ro 4:18. The ἐπʼ ἐ. of Ac 2:26 could also be understood in this way, but it is also prob. that in this quot. fr. Ps 15:9 the OT mng. in safety (Judg 18:7 B, 27 B; Hos 2:20; Pr 1:33) is correct, as 1 Cl 57:7 (Pr 1:33), unless, with Lat., Syr., and Copt. transl. and Clem. Al., Strom. 2, 22 πεποιθώς is to be added. Of Israel’s messianic hope Ac 23:6 (ἐ. καὶ ἀνάστασις for ἐ. τῆς ἀν. [obj. gen.] as 2 Macc 3:29 ἐ. καὶ σωτηρία); 26:6; 28:20. In imagery of one who combines γνώσις with interest in ζωή Dg 12:6.

β. of Christian expectation: abs. Ro 5:4f; 12:12; 15:13; 1 Cor 13:13 (cp. Pol. 3:3; on the triad: faith, hope, love s. on ἀγάπη 1aα; s. also WWeis, ZNW 84, ’93, 196–217); Hb 3:6; 6:11; 10:23; 1 Pt 3:15; Agr. 7; 2 Cl 17:7; IEph 1:2; IMg 7:1; expectation of resurrection 1 Cl 27:1. ἐ. ἀγαθή (Pla., Phd. 67c; X., Mem. 2, 1, 18 et al.; FCumont, Lux Perpetua ’49 p. 401–5 with numerous reff., including some from the mystery religions [IG V/2 p. 63: 64/61 B.C.]; μετὰ ἀγαθῆς ἐ. Hippol., Ref. 4, 49, 3; cp. ἐ. ἔχειν … ἀρίστας Orig., C. Cels. 4, 27, 14) 2 Th 2:16 (POtzen, ZNW 49, ’58, 283–85); ἐ. κρείττων Hb 7:19; ἐ. ζῶσα 1 Pt 1:3; cp. εἰς ἐ. B. 11:8. τὸ κοινὸν τῆς ἐ. the common hope 1 Cl 51:1; cp. κοινὴ ἐ. IPh 5:2; καινότης ἐλπίδος new hope IMg 9:1. W. subj. gen. Phil 1:20; ἐ. τῶν ἐκλεκτῶν 1 Cl 58:2; cp. 57:2. W. obj. gen., which designates the obj. of the hope (Ps.-Callisth. 1, 18, 1 ἱλαρὸς ἐπὶ τῇ τοῦ τέκνου ἐλπίδι=glad because of hope for the son; τῆς ἀναστάσεως Iren. 4, 18, 5 [Harv. II 208, 2]; Orig., C. Cels. 3, 3, 9; Did., Gen. 216, 16) ἐπʼ ἐ. τῆς ἐπαγγελίας because of hope in the promise Ac 26:6, cp. vs. 7; ἐ. ζωῆς αἰωνίου Tit 1:2; 3:7 (Ath. 33, 1); cp. B 1:4, 6; Hs 9, 26, 2; ἐ. τῆς δόξης τ. θεοῦ Ro 5:2; cp. Col 1:27; ἐ. σωτηρίας (cp. Aeneas Tact. ln. 14; Lucian, Abdic. 31; En 98:14; Philo, Leg. ad Gai. 329; Jos., Bell. 3, 194) 1 Th 5:8; 2 Cl 1:7. ἐλπίδα δικαιοσύνης ἀπεκδεχόμεθα Gal 5:5 is also obj. gen., since it is a blending of the two expressions ‘we await righteousness’ and ‘we have expectation of righteousness’ (cp. Job 2:9a προσδεχόμενος τὴν ἐλπίδα τῆς σωτηρίας μου); ἐ. τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν 1 Th 1:3 prob. belongs here also: hope in our Lord.—The gen. can also give the basis for the expectation: ἐ. τοῦ εὐαγγελίου hope that is based on the gospel Col 1:23; ἐ. τῆς κλήσεως the hope that is given w. the calling Eph 1:18; 4:4; ἐ. τῆς πίστεως hope that faith affords B 4:8; ὁ θεὸς τῆς ἐ. Ro 15:13. Sim. ἐ. εἰς (Plut., Galba 1061 [19, 6]; Achilles Tat. 6, 17, 5): ἐ. εἰς θεόν (εἰς τὸν θεόν Did., Gen. 150, 26) hope in God or directed towards God 1 Pt 1:21 (cp. AcThom 28 [Aa II/2, 145, 4]); εἰς τ. Ἰησοῦν B 11:11; cp. ἐ. ἐν (αὐτῷ Diod S 17, 26, 2): ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι αὐτοῦ Mt 12:21 v.l. ἐπὶ λίθον ἡ ἐ.; is (our) hope based on a stone? (w. ref. to Is 28:16) B 6:3.—As obj. of ἔχω: ἔχειν ἐλπίδα Ro 15:4; 2 Cor 3:12 (cp. Just., D. 141, 3); ἐ. μὴ ἔχοντες (Diod S 21, 12, 1 μηδεμίαν ἔχειν ἐλπίδα σωτηρίας) Eph 2:12; 1 Th 4:13; Hv 3, 11, 3; Hs 9, 14, 3; οὐκ ἔχουσιν ἐλπίδα (Wsd 3:18) Hv 1, 1, 9; ἀπώλεσάς σου τὴν πᾶσαν ἐ. 33, 7. W. ἐπί τινι in someone 1J 3:3 (cp. Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 86 §354 ἐφʼ ἑνί; Lucian, Somn. 2; Ps 61:8; Is 26:3f; ἐπὶ τῇ μετανοίᾳ Orig., C. Cels. 3, 65, 17); likew. εἴς τινα (Thu. 3, 14, 1;—Appian, Liby. 51 §223 ἐλπίδα τῆς σωτηρίας ἔχειν ἔν τινι=place a hope of safety in someone) Ac 24:15; πρός τινα ibid. v.l. The obj. of the hope follows in the aor. inf. 2 Cor 10:15; in the acc. w. inf. Ac 24:15; w. ὅτι Ro 8:20f (v.l. διότι [q.v. 4]); Phil 1:20.

② that which is the basis for hoping, (foundation of) hope (ἐλπὶς … σύ, ὁ θεός PsSol 15:1; Thu. 3, 57, 4 ὑμεῖς, ὦ Λακεδαιμόνιοι, ἡ μόνη ἐλπίς; Plut., Mor. 169c; Oenom. in Eus., PE 5, 23, 5: for the Athenians in the Persian Wars, σωτηρίας ἐλπὶς μόνος ὁ θεός=God was their only hope for deliverence; IG III, 131, 1; Jer 17:7) of a Christian community 1 Th 2:19; of Christ, our hope 1 Ti 1:1 (sim. POxy 3239 [II A.D.] of Isis; New Docs 2, 77; EJudge, TynBull 35, ’84, 8); cp. Col 1:27; IEph 21:2; IPhld 11:2; IMg 11; ISm 10:2; ITr ins; 2:2; Pol 8:1.

③ that for which one hopes, hope, something hoped for (Vi. Aesopi G 8 P. ἀπὸ θεῶν λήμψεσθαι ἐλπίδας) ἐ. βλεπομένη οὐκ ἔστιν ἐ. something hoped for, when it is seen, is no longer hoped for=one cannot hope for what one already has Ro 8:24. διὰ τ. ἐλπίδα τὴν ἀποκειμένην ὑμῖν ἐν τ. οὐρανοῖς because of what you hope for, which is stored up for you in the heavens Col 1:5; προσδεχόμενοι τ. μακαρίαν ἐ. waiting for the blessed hope Tit 2:13 (cp. 2 Macc 7:14 τὰς ὐπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ προσδοκᾶν ἐλπίδας and Aristot. EN 1, 9, 10 οἱ δὲ λεγόμενοι διὰ τὴν ἐλπίδα μακαρίζονται of children who may be called fortunate in the present only because of latent promise). ἡ προκειμένη ἐ. Hb 6:18 (cp. Just., D. 35, 2 ἐν τῇ ἐ. κατηγγελμένῃ ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ).—PVolz, D. Eschatol. der jüd. Gemeinde ’34, 91ff; JdeGuibert, Sur l’emploi d’ ἐλπίς et ses synonymes dans le NT: RSR 4, 1913, 565–96; APott, D. Hoffen im NT 1915; WGrossouw, L’espérance dans le NT: RB 61, ’54, 508–32; DDenton, SJT 34, ’81, 313–20 (link w. ὑπομονή).—B. 1164. Schmidt, Syn. III 583–90. DELG s.v. ἔλπομαι. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. Sv.