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take+place

  • 21 procedo

    prō-cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3, v. n., to go forth or before, to go forwards, advance, proceed (class.; cf.: progredior, prodeo).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    procedere ad forum,

    Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 2:

    illuc procede,

    id. Capt. 5, 2, 1:

    a portu,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 1: ante agmen, Hirt. B. G. 8, 27, 4:

    nil cum procede re lintrem Sentimus,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 20:

    pedibus aequis,

    Ov. P. 4, 5, 3:

    passu tacito,

    Val. Fl. 5, 351.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    In milit. lang., to go or march forwards, to advance, Caes. B. C. 3, 34:

    lente atque paulatim proceditur,

    id. ib. 1, 80; id. B. G. 6, 25:

    agmen procedit,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 37; Curt. 7, 3, 19:

    processum in aciem est,

    Liv. 25, 21:

    ipsi jam pridem avidi certaminis procedunt,

    id. 3, 62, 6.—Cf. of ships, Caes. B. G. 7, 61; Verg. A. 4, 587.—
    2.
    Of processions, to go on, set forward, move on, advance, etc.:

    funus interim Procedit: sequimur,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 101; Hor. C. 4, 2, 49:

    tacito procedens agmine,

    Sil. 7, 91:

    vidisti Latios consul procedere fasces,

    id. 6, 443.—
    C.
    Transf.
    1.
    To go or come forth or out, to advance, issue:

    foribus foras procedere,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 12:

    castris,

    Verg. A. 12, 169:

    extra munitiones,

    Caes. B. G 5, 43:

    in medium,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 36, § 94:

    e tabernaculo in solem,

    id. Brut. 9, 37:

    in pedes procedere nascentem, contra naturam est,

    to be born feet first, Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 45:

    mediā procedit ab aulā,

    Ov. M. 14, 46.—
    b.
    In gen., to show one's self, to appear:

    cum veste purpureā procedere,

    Cic. Div. 1, 52, 119:

    obviam alicui procedere,

    to go towards, go to meet, id. Sest. 13, 68; cf.:

    Jugurthae obvius procedit,

    Sall. J. 21, 1:

    obviam,

    id. ib. 53, 5:

    procedat vel Numa,

    Juv. 3, 138.—
    c.
    In partic., to issue from the mouth, to be uttered:

    sed interdum voces procedebant contumaces et inconsultae,

    Tac. A. 4, 60 init.; Vulg. 1 Cor. 14, 36.—
    d.
    Of stars, etc., to rise, come into view:

    Ecce Dionaei processit Caesaris astrum,

    Verg. E. 9, 47:

    vesper,

    id. ib. 6, 86.—
    e.
    Of the moon, to wax, increase, Pall. 7, 3.—
    2.
    Of plants, to put forth, spring forth, grow (ante-class. and in post-Aug. prose):

    antequam radices longius procedere possint,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 23, 5:

    plerumque germen de cicatrice procedit,

    Col. 4, 22, 4:

    gemma sine dubio processura,

    Pall. 7, 5, 3; 8, 3, 1 et saep.—
    3.
    Of place, to project, extend:

    ita ut in pedes binos fossa procedat,

    Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 159:

    Lydia super Ioniam procedit,

    id. 5, 29, 30, § 110:

    promuntorium, quod contra Peloponnesum procedit,

    id. 4, 2, 3, § 6; Cels. 8, 1.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Of time, to advance, pass, elapse (class.):

    ubi plerumque noctis processit,

    Sall. J. 21, 2; Nep. Pel. 3, 3:

    jamque dies alterque dies processit,

    Verg. A. 3, 356:

    dies procedens,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 22, 53:

    procedente tempore,

    in process of time, Plin. Ep. 6, 31, 17:

    si aetate processerit,

    Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 50:

    tempus processit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 25:

    procedente die,

    Liv. 28, 15; Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 8:

    procedunt tempora tarde,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 5:

    incipient magni procedere menses,

    Verg. E. 4, 12:

    pars major anni jam processerat,

    Liv. 3, 37.—
    B.
    To come or go forth, to appear, to present or show one's self ( poet. and post-Aug.):

    nunc volo subducto gravior procedere voltu,

    i. e. to conduct myself more gravely, to undertake more serious matters, Prop. 2, 10 (3, 1), 9:

    quis postea ad summam Thucydidis, quis Hyperidis ad famam processit?

    Petr. 2.—
    2.
    In partic., to go or get on, to advance, make progress (class.; cf.

    proficio): dicendi laude multum,

    Cic. Brut. 36, 137:

    in philosophiā,

    id. Fin. 3, 2, 6:

    honoribus longius,

    id. Brut. 48, 180; cf. id. Har. Resp. 23, 48:

    ad virtutis aditum,

    id. Fin. 3, 14, 48:

    ambitio et procedendi libido,

    a passion for getting on, for rising in the world, Plin. Ep 8, 6, 3:

    longius iras,

    Verg. A. 5, 461:

    perspicuum est, quo compositiones unguentorum processerint,

    to what extent, how far, Cic. N. D. 2, 58, 146:

    ut ratione et viā procedat oratio,

    id. Fin. 1, 9, 29:

    eo vecordiae processit, ut,

    went so far in folly, Sall. J. 5, 2:

    Adherbal, ubi intellegit eo processum,

    id. ib. 21, 1; so,

    processit in id furoris,

    Vell. 2, 80, 2:

    eoque ira processit, ut, etc.,

    Liv. 9, 26, 2:

    ex infimā fortunā in ordinem senatorium, et ad summos honores,

    Suet. Rhet. 1, 10.—
    C.
    To run on, continue, remain:

    et cum stationes procederent, prope obruentibus infirmum corpus armis,

    i. e. guard duty returned so frequently as to seem continuous, Liv. 5, 48, 7:

    ut iis stipendia procederent,

    id. 25, 5, 8; 27, 11, 14; cf.

    aera,

    id. 5, 7, 12.—
    D.
    To go on, continue, follow; esp. of speech, etc.:

    ad dissuadendum,

    Liv. 30, 35; cf. Plaut. Am. prol. 117: non imitor lakônismon tuum:

    altera jam pagella procedit,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 25, 2.—
    E.
    To [p. 1451] turn out, result, succeed, prosper (class.):

    parum procedere,

    Ter. And. 4, 1, 48; Liv. 1, 57; 38, 7:

    nonnumquam summis oratoribus non satis ex sententiā eventum dicendi procedere,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 27, 123:

    alicui pulcherrime,

    id. Phil. 13, 19, 40:

    alicui bene,

    id. Rab. Post. 1, 1:

    omnia prospere procedent,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 9, 2.— Impers. (cf. succedo): quibus cum parum procederet, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 3; cf.:

    velut processisset Spurio Licinio,

    Liv. 2, 44, 1.— Absol., to turn out or succeed well:

    mane quod tu occoeperis negotium agere, id totum procedit diem,

    Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 34:

    ferme ut quisque quidque occoeperit, sic ei procedunt post principia,

    id. ib. 4, 1, 4:

    Syre, processisti hodie pulcre,

    have succeeded finely, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 22:

    si processit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227:

    quod si consilia Andranodoro processissent,

    Liv. 24, 26, 5.—
    2.
    To turn out favorably for, to result in favor of, to benefit, be of use to one:

    totidem dies emptori procedent,

    Cato, R. R. 148:

    benefacta mea reipublicae procedunt,

    Sall. J. 85, 5; Ov. H. 9, 109.—
    3.
    To be effectual:

    venenum non processerat,

    Tac. A. 15, 60:

    medicina processit,

    Col. 6, 6, 4.—
    F.
    To go or pass for, to be counted or reckoned as any thing (anteand post-class.):

    ut binae (oves) pro singulis procedant,

    shall be reckoned as one, Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 5; Dig. 5, 3, 32:

    quod ita procedit, si ea, cui donabatur, eum interposuit,

    ib. 24, 1, 11.—
    G.
    To happen, take place, occur (ante-class.):

    numquid processit ad forum hodie novi?

    Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 7.—
    H.
    To come or proceed from, to be derived from (post-class.):

    res, quae a sacratissimis imperatoribus procedunt,

    Cod. Just. 7, 37, 3.— In part. pass.:

    in processā aetate,

    advanced, Scrib. Comp. 100.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > procedo

  • 22 accidō

        accidō cidī, —, ere    [ad + cado], to fall upon, fall to, reach by falling: ut tela missa a Gallis gravius acciderent, Cs.: tela ab omni parte accidebant, L.—Of persons, to arrive, come: de inproviso, had come unexpectedly, S.: alqd simulare, quo inprovisus gravior accideret, that his attack might be a surprise, and more formidable, S. — Esp., to fall before, fall at the feet: ad genua accidit Lacrumans, T.: ad pedes omnium.—Of the senses, to strike, reach, come: nihil quod ad oculos animumque acciderit: ad aurīs tuas: unde nec ad nos nomen famaque eius accidere posset, reach, L.: auribus, L.: animo, T.— Absol, to come to the ears, come, be heard, be raised: clamor deinde accidit novus, L.: concitatior accidens clamor ab increscente certamine, L.: ut vox etiam ad hostes accideret (with acc. and inf.), L.—To befit, become, suit (poet.): istuc verbum vere in te accidit, was true of you, T.—Fig., to come to pass, happen, occur, fall out, take place, befall: res eo gravius ferre, quo minus merito accidissent, Cs.: si quid mali accidisset, S.: cum tantum periculi accidisset, Cs.: quae victis acciderent enumeravere, the fate of the conquered, S.: si gravius quid acciderit, if any calamity occur, Cs.: casu accidit ut: sic accidit, uti, etc., thus it happened, that, Cs. — Pleonast. in narrations: accidit ut esset luna plena, Cs.: neque saepe accidit, ut, etc., Cs.—Of what is fortunate or welcome: quid optatius populo R. accidere potuit, quam, etc.? interea aliquid acciderit boni, T.— Esp., si quid cui accidat, or si quid humanitus accidat, if anything should happen to one (euphemist. for die): si quid mihi humanitus accidisset: si quid ei gravius a Caesare accidisset, i. e. if Cœsar should put him to death, Cs.: si quid accidat Romanis, if the Romans are destroyed, Cs.—To end, result, turn out: contra opinionem, disappoint us, Cs.: peius victoribus quam victis accidisse, Cs.
    * * *
    I
    accidere, accidi, - V
    fall upon/down/to/at or near, descend, alight; happen, occur; happen to (DAT)
    II
    accidere, accidi, accisus V TRANS
    cut, cut into/down/up, hack, hew, fell; overthrow, destroy; cut short; weaken

    Latin-English dictionary > accidō

  • 23 a-stō (ads-)

        a-stō (ads-) itī, —, āre    [ad + sto], to stand at, take place near: accessi, astiti, stood by, T.: astat echinus, is at hand, H.: portis, V.: hic, T.: procul, O.: sedibus, O.: ad Achillis tumulum: in conspectu meo: ante aras, O.: supra caput, V.: cum patre, T.: adstante totā Italiā, looking on: adrectis auribus, V.—To stand up, stand erect: squamis astantibus, V. — To exist, remain, be in existence: adstante ope barbaricā: sedes relictae adstant.

    Latin-English dictionary > a-stō (ads-)

  • 24 cedo

        cedo    plur. cette, old imper, hither with it, give, bring here: Puerum, mihi cedo, T.: senem, bring hither, T.: cedo, quaeso, codicem: cedo tabulas.—Esp., let us hear, tell, say, speak, out with it: cedo istuc tuom consilium, T.: unum cedo auctorem tui facti: cedo, quoium puerum hic apposuisti? T.: cedo igitur, quid faciam, T.: cedo, cui cognitor factus sit, etc.: cedo, si conata peregit, what, if, etc., Iu.: cedo dum, en umquam audisti, etc.? come now, T.—Parenthet., let me, by your leave: ego, statim, cedo, inquam si quid, etc. —Look at, mark, behold! cedo mihi leges Atinias: illius contionem.
    * * *
    I
    give/bring here!/hand over, come (now/here); tell/show us, out with it! behold!
    II
    cedere, cessi, cessus V
    go/pass (from/away); withdraw/retire/leave; step aside/make way; take place of; grant, concede, yield, submit; fall back/to; happen/result; start (period)

    Latin-English dictionary > cedo

  • 25 fīō

        fīō fierī, used as    pass. of facio; see facio.
    * * *
    fieri, factus sum V SEMIDEP
    be made, be done; become; happen, take place

    Latin-English dictionary > fīō

  • 26 ob-sistō

        ob-sistō stitī, stitus, ere,    to take place before, stand in the way: obsistens obtestansque, L.: abeunti Volumnio, L.—To make stand against, oppose, resist, withstand: hostes obsteterunt, S.: Quicumque mundi terminus obstitit, H.: Gallia, cuius consensui ne orbis quidem terrarum possit obsistere, Cs.: dolori: visis, to disapprove of: obstitit Oceanus in se inquiri, forbids, Ta.: tibi, ne in aedīs accederes: ceteris naturis, quo minus perficiantur: facile posset obsisti fortunae: vix obsistitur illis, Quin, etc., they are hardly prevented, O.

    Latin-English dictionary > ob-sistō

  • 27 -ne

    1.
    nē (old forms nei and ni; v. the foll.), adv. and conj., the primitive Latin negative particle, no, not; whereas the negative particle non is a derivative (v. non init.) [prob. of pronominal origin; cf. the Anglo-Saxon na and ne (Engl. no), whence naht (Engl. not) is derived; Sanscr. na, not].
    I.
    Adv., with a single word of a proposition (in early Latin): NE MINVS TRINVM NOVNDINVM, not less than, etc., S. C. de Bacch.; cf. with DVM NE MINVS SENATORIBVS C. ADESENT, twice in the same S. C.;

    and in the form ni: DVM NI MINVS VIGINTI ADSIENT,

    Inscr. Grut. 207, 3. So too:

    DVM NE AMPLIOREM MODVM PRATORVM HABEANT QVAM, etc.,

    Inscr. Orell. 3121 (Sententia de finibus inter Genuates et Viturios regundis lata A. U. C. 637). So, ne minores (verres) quam semestres, Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 21. In the time of Plautus the usage was unsettled, non and ne being used indifferently for simple negation; cf. Lorenz ad Plaut. Most. 105; Brix ad Plaut. Trin. 1156.—
    2.
    To this is allied the adverbial use of ne in all periods of the language.
    a.
    Ne... quidem, applies the negation with emphasis to the word between them, not even:

    ne sues quidem id velint, non modo ipse,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 92:

    ne in oppidis quidem... ne in fanis quidem,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 2:

    Philippus non item: itaque ne nos quidem,

    id. Att. 14, 12, 2:

    nulla ne minima quidem aura fluctus commovente,

    id. Tusc. 5, 6, 16:

    non potest dici satis, ne cogitari quidem, quantum, etc.,

    id. Mil. 29, 78:

    vita beata, quam ne in deo quidem esse censes, nisi, etc.,

    id. N. D. 1, 24, 67:

    ut in foro et in judicio... ne non timere quidem sine aliquo timore possimus,

    id. Mil. 1, 2:

    ne tondere quidem Vellera possunt,

    Verg. G. 3, 561;

    so after a negative, repeating it with emphasis: non enim praetereundum est ne id quidem,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 60, § 155:

    nulla species ne excogitari quidem potest ornatior,

    id. de Or. 3, 45, 179:

    non praetermittam ne illud quidem,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 2:

    Caesar negat se ne Graeca quidem meliora legisse,

    id. ib. 2, 16, 5:

    numquam illum ne minima quidem re offendi,

    id. Lael. 27, 103; Liv. 28, 42, 16; but when ne... quidem precedes, the negative of the principal verb is omitted:

    sine quā ne intellegi quidem ulla virtus potest,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 13, 31:

    neque enim ipsius quidem regis abhorrebat animus,

    Liv. 29, 12, 10: ne quidem (with no intervening word), not even (late Lat.), Gai Inst. 1, 67; id. ib. 3, 93.—
    b.
    In composition, to make an absolute negation of the principal idea. So in neque and nequiquam; also in nescio and nevolo; and in nefas, nefandus, nepus (for non purus), nequeo, neuter, neutiquam; in nemo, nego, nihil, nullus, numquam, and nusquam; and, lastly, with a paragogic c before o: necopinans and neglego; negotium (i. e. nec-lego; nec-otium). —
    B.
    With a proposition (in all periods of the language, and exclusively),
    1.
    In imperative sentences, to signify that something must not be done.
    (α).
    With imper.: SI HOMINEM FVLMEN IOVIS OCCISIT, NE SVPRA GENVA TOLLITOR, let him not be raised, Leg. Reg.: HOMINEM MORTVVM IN VRBE NE SEPELITO NEVE VRITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 23; cf.: MVLIERES GENAS NE RADVNTO NEVE LESSVM FVNERIS ERGO HABENTO, ib.: SI NOLET, ARCERAM NE STERNITO, let him not spread, he need not spread, ib. (cf. Gell. 20, 1, 25):

    VECTIGAL INVITEI DARE NEI DEBENTO,

    Inscr. Orell. 3121; cf.

    art. ni, II.: abi, ne jura: satis credo,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 20; 4, 5, 5:

    ah, ne saevi tantopere,

    Ter. And. 5, 2, 27:

    impius ne audeto placare donis iram deorum,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:

    ne, pueri, ne tanta animis assuescite bella,

    Verg. A. 6, 832.—
    (β).
    With subj.:

    ne me moveatis,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 9, 1:

    si certum est facere, facias: verum ne post conferas Culpam in me,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 96:

    si denique veritas extorquebit, ne repugnetis,

    Cic. Clu. 2, 6:

    ne pudori Sit tibi Musa lyrae sollers,

    Hor. A. P. 406.—
    2.
    In wishes and asseverations: ne id Juppiter Opt. Max. sineret, etc., might Jupiter forbid it! etc., Liv. 4, 2; cf.:

    ne istuc Juppiter Opt. Max. sirit, etc.,

    id. 28, 28.—With utinam: utinam ne in nemore Pelio securibus Caesa accedisset abiegna ad terram trabes, would that not, Enn. ap. Cic. Top. 16, 61 (Trag. v. 280 Vahl.): utinam ne umquam, Mede Colchis cupido corde pedem extulisses, Enn ap. Non. 297, 18 (Trag. v. 311 ib.):

    illud utinam ne vere scriberem!

    Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3; v. utinam.—With si:

    ne vivam, si scio,

    may I not live, may I die, if I know, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 8:

    sed ne vivam, si tibi concedo,

    id. Fam. 7, 23, 19:

    ne sim salvus, si aliter scribo ac sentio,

    id. ib. 16, 13, 1.—
    3.
    In concessive and restrictive clauses (conceived as softened commands; cf. II. init.).
    (α).
    In concessions, nemo is, inquies, umquam fuit. Ne fuerit:

    ego enim, etc.,

    there may not have been; suppose there was not, Cic. Or. 29, 101; cf.:

    pugnes omnino, sed cum adversario facili. Ne sit sane: videri certe potest,

    id. Ac. 2, 26, 85; 2, 32, 102:

    ne sit sane summum malum dolor: malum certe est,

    id. Tusc. 2, 5, 14:

    ne sint in senectute vires: ne postulantur quidem vires a senectute,

    id. Sen. 11, 34:

    ne sit igitur sol, ne luna, ne stellae, quoniam nihil esse potest, nisi quod attigimus aut vidimus,

    id. N. D. 1, 31, 88; Liv. 31, 7:

    nec porro malum, quo aut oppressus jaceas, aut, ne opprimare, mente vix constes?

    though you be not crushed; supposing you are not crushed, Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 39.—
    (β).
    In restrictive clauses:

    sint sane liberales ex sociorum fortunis, sint misericordes in furibus aerarii, ne illi sanguinem nostrum largiantur, etc.,

    only let them not; if they only will not, Sall. C. 52, 12. So, dum ne, dummodo ne, modo ne, and dum quidem ne; v. dum and modo: me vero nihil istorum ne juvenem quidem movit umquam: ne nunc senem, much less now I am old = nedum, Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 2; cf.:

    vix incedo inanis, ne ire posse cum onere existumes,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 174: scuta si homines inviti dant, etsi ad salutem communem dari sentiunt: ne quem putetis sine maximo dolore argentum caelatum domo protulisse, much less can you suppose, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 52; Liv. 3, 52.—
    4.
    In clauses which denote a purpose or result.
    a.
    Ut ne, that not, lest, so that not (very rare after the August. period; in Livy only in a few doubtful passages; in Cæsar, Seneca, and Tacitus not at all; v. under II.): quos ego ope meā Pro incertis certos... Dimitto, ut ne res temere tractent turbidas, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199 (Trag v. 189 Vahl.): vestem ut ne inquinet, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 17. pergunt turbare usque, ut ne quid possit conquiescere, id. Most. 5, 1, 12:

    haec mihi nunc cura est maxima, ut ne cui meae Longinquitas aetatis obstet,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 19:

    ego, pol, te ulciscar, ut ne impune nos illuseris,

    id. Eun. 5, 4, 19:

    excitandam esse animadversionem et diligentiam, ut ne quid inconsiderate negligenterque agamus,

    Cic. Off. 1, 29, 103:

    equidem soleo dare operam, ut de suā quisque re me ipse doceat, et, ut ne quis alius assit, quo, etc.,

    id. de Or. 2, 24, 102.—
    b.
    Ut... ne separated:

    quam plurimis de rebus ad me velim scribas, ut prorsus ne quid ignorem,

    Cic. Att. 3, 10, 3:

    ut causae communi salutique ne deessent,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 63, § 140:

    lata lex est, ne auspicia valerent, ut omnibus fastis diebus legem ferri liceret: ut lex Aelia, lex Fufia ne valeret,

    id. Sest. 15, 33; id. N. D. 1, 7, 17:

    vos orant atque obsecrant, judices, ut in actore causae suae deligendo vestrum judicium ab suo judicio ne discrepet,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 14.—
    c.
    Qui ne, quo ne, and quomodo ne (ante- and post-class. for ut ne):

    ego id agam, mihi qui ne detur,

    Ter. And. 2, 1, 35:

    moxque ad aram, quo ne hostis dolum persentisceret, aversusque a duce assistit,

    Dict. Cret. 4, 11: quaeritis maximis sumptibus faciendis, quomodo ne tributa conferatis, Gr. hôs mê, Rutil. Lup. 1, 9.
    II.
    In the several uses of the adv. ne, described above, the transition to its use to connect clauses is clearly seen (v. esp. I. B. 3. and 4.). In intentional clauses, and after verbs of fearing and avoiding, ne becomes a conjunction.
    A.
    In intentional clauses for ut ne, that not, lest: nolite, hospites, ad me adire: ilico isti! Ne contagio mea bonis umbrave obsit, approach me not; let not my presence harm you, i. e. lest my presence should harm you, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 26 (Trag. v. 405 Vahl.):

    omitto innumerabiles viros, quorum singuli saluti huic civitati fuerunt... ne quis se aut suorum aliquem praetermissum queratur,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1; 1, 7, 12; 1, 5, 9:

    Caesarem complexus obsecrare coepit, ne quid gravius in fratrem statueret,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 20.—Esp. after verbs expressing forethought, care, etc.:

    vide sis, ne quid imprudens ruas,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 128:

    considera, ne in alienissimum tempus cadat adventus tuus,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 14, 4:

    Cocceius, vide, ne frustretur,

    Cic. Att. 12, 18, 3 et saep.—
    B.
    After verbs signifying to fear, frighten, etc. (esp. metuo, timeo, vereor, horreo, paveo, terreo, conterreo; also, timor est, metus est, spes est, periculum est), to express the wish that something may not take place; represented in English by that (because in English the particle depends on the idea of fearing, not of wishing):

    metuo et timeo, ne hoc tandem propalam flat,

    that it will be discovered, Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 38:

    timeo ne malefacta mea sint inventa omnia,

    id. Truc. 4, 2, 61:

    vereor ne quid Andria apportet mali,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 46:

    metuebat ne indicarent,

    Cic. Mil. 21, 57:

    mater cruciatur et sollicita est, ne filium spoliatum omni dignitate conspiciat,

    id. Mur. 41, 88:

    hic ne quid mihi prorogetur, horreo,

    id. Att. 5, 21, 3:

    id paves, ne ducas tu illam, tu autem ut ducas,

    Ter. And. 2, 2, 12:

    esse metus coepit, ne, etc.,

    Ov. M. 7, 715:

    terruit gentīs, grave ne rediret Saeculum Pyrrhae,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 5:

    non periclumst, nequid recte monstres,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 55:

    pavor ceperat milites, ne mortiferum esset vulnus,

    Liv. 24, 42 —
    b.
    When the dependent clause is negative, with non or nihil, that not:

    vereor ne exercitum firmum habere non possit,

    Cic. Att. 7, 12, 2:

    unum vereor ne senatus Pompeium nolit dimittere,

    id. ib. 5, 18, 1:

    timeo ne non impetrem,

    id. ib. 9, 6, 6; id. Tusc. 1, 31, 76.—
    c.
    With the negative before the verb:

    non vereor, ne quid temere facias,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 1; 2, 1, 4:

    timere non debeo, ne non iste illā cruce dignus judicetur,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 171.—
    C.
    After verbs signifying to avoid, warn, hinder, forbid, refuse (caveo, impedio, resisto, interdico, refuto, rarely veto), instead of the simple object, that not, lest:

    qui cavet, ne decipiatur, etc.,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 5:

    cavete, judices, ne nova proscriptio instaurata esse videatur,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 53, 153; id. Fam. 3, 12, 4;

    v. caveo: casus quidam ne facerem impedivit,

    Cic. Fat. 1, 1:

    unus ne caperetur urbs causa fuit,

    Liv. 34, 39. [p. 1194]
    2.
    - nĕ (also apocopated n' and only n), interrog. and enclit. part. [weakened from nē]. It simply inquires, without implying either that a negative or an affirmative reply is expected (cf. num, nonne), and emphasizes the word to which it is joined;

    which is always, in classic Latin, the first word of the clause (ante- class. after other words: sine dote uxoremne?

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 94; 1, 2, 141; id. As. 5, 2, 78; id. Mil. 3, 1, 92). In direct questions it is translated by giving an interrogative form to the sentence; in indirect interrogations by whether.
    (α).
    In direct interrogations, with indic.:

    meministine me in senatu dicere? etc.,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 3, 7:

    potestne rerum major esse dissensio?

    id. Fin. 3, 13, 44:

    tune id veritus es?

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 1:

    jamne vides, belua, jamne sentis? etc.,

    id. Pis. 1, 1:

    quid, si etiam falsum illud omnino est? tamenne ista tam absurda defendes?

    id. N. D. 1, 29, 81; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 15, 44:

    quiane auxilio juvat ante levatos?

    Verg. A. 4, 538:

    tun' te audes Sosiam esse dicere?

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 217:

    valuistin?

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 12.—After an elided s:

    satin habes, si feminarum nulla'st: quam aeque diligam?

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 11:

    pergin autem?

    id. ib. 1, 3, 41:

    vin commutemus?

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 21 al. —
    (β).
    Esp. with rel. pron.; ellipt.: quemne ego servavi? i. e. do you mean the one whom? etc., Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 13: quodne vobis placeat, displiceat mihi? can it be that what pleases? etc., id. ib. 3, 1, 19; id. Merc. 3, 3, 12; id. Am. 2, 2, 65;

    so quin for quine,

    id. Trin. 2, 2, 79 Brix ad loc.; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 98; id. Most. 3, 2, 50 al.—So with ut and si:

    utine adveniens vomitum excutias mulieri?

    Plaut. Merc. 3, 3, 15; id. Rud. 4, 4, 19:

    sin, saluti quod tibi esse censeo, id. consuadeo,

    id. Merc. 1, 2, 32.—
    (γ).
    In indirect interrogations, with subj., whether:

    ut videamus, satisne ista sit justa defectio,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 43:

    Publilius iturusne sit in Africam et quando, ex Aledio scire poteris,

    id. Att. 12, 24, 1:

    videto vasa, multane sient,

    Cato, R. R. 1:

    quem imitari possimusne, ipse liber erit indicio,

    Varr. L. L. 7, § 4 Müll.; cf. id. ib. 10, § 9.—
    (δ).
    Sometimes affixed to an interrogative pronoun, Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 2:

    quone malo mentem concussa? Timore deorum,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 295; cf.:

    uterne Ad casus dubios fidet sibi certius?

    id. ib. 2, 2, 107; and:

    illa rogare: Quantane?

    id. ib. 2, 3, 317.—
    (ε).
    -ne is sometimes used for nonne, where an affirmative reply is expected:

    misine ego ad te epistulam?

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 22; id. Trin. 1, 2, 92; 99; id. Most. 2, 1, 15:

    rectene interpretor sententiam tuam,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 37; id. Fin. 2, 32, 104.—
    (ζ).
    Rarely = num:

    potestne virtus servire?

    Cic. de Or. 1, 52, 226:

    potesne dicere?

    id. Tusc. 1, 27, 67; id. Sen. 16, 56.—
    b.
    With an, annon, or anne, in the second interrogation, v. an.—With necne, v. neque.—Sometimes pleonastic with utrum, followed by an (mostly anteclass.):

    est etiam illa distinctio, utrum illudne non videatur aegre ferendum... an, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 27, 59:

    sed utrum strictimne attonsurum dicam esse an per pectinem, nescio,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 18 Brix ad loc.; id. Most. 3, 1, 151; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 42; cf. Madv. Gram. § 452, obs. 1.—Sometimes, in the second interrogation, ne for an (mostly poet.):

    Smyrna quid et Colophon? Majora minorane fama?

    Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 3:

    ut in incerto fuerit, vicissent victine essent,

    Liv. 5, 28, 5:

    cum interrogaretur, utrum pluris patrem matremne faceret,

    Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4.
    3.
    nē, interj. (incorrectly written nae), = nai, nê, truly, verily, really, indeed (only joined with pers. pron. ego, tu, and with the demonstratives ille, iste, hic, and their advv.; in class, prose usually with a conditional clause).
    I.
    In gen.:

    ne ego homo infelix fui, Qui non alas intervelli,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 169; cf.:

    ne ego haud paulo hunc animum malim quam, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 99:

    ne ego, inquam, si ita est, velim tibi eum placere quam maxime,

    id. Brut. 71, 249. So, ne tu, etc., id. Phil. 2, 2, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 54; Liv. 26, 6, 15: ne ille, Naev. ap. Non. 73, 18 (Trag. Rel. p. 9 v. 40 Rib.); Plaut. Ps. 3, 1, 3; Cic. Cat. 2, 3, 6:

    ne iste,

    Ter. And. 2, 1, 24; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 8 al.—
    II.
    Connected with other affirmative particles, as hercle, edepol, mecastor, medius fidius:

    ne tu hercle,

    Plaut. As. 2, 4, 6; id. Curc. 1, 3, 38: ne ille hercle, id. Bacch. 2, 3, 76:

    edepol ne ego,

    id. Men. 5, 5, 10:

    edepol ne tu,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 50:

    ne ista edepol,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 213:

    ne istuc mecastor,

    id. Men. 5, 1, 34 (729 Ritschl):

    ne ille, medius fidius,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 74; cf.:

    medius fidius ne tu,

    id. Att. 4, 4, 6, § 2.— Rarely with a pron. poss.:

    edepol ne meam operam, etc.,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 1. (All passages in which ne stands in classic prose without a pronoun are probably corrupt; cf. Haase in Reisig's Vorles. p. 379 sq.; v. Liv. 26, 31, 10; 34, 4, 16 Weissenb.)

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > -ne

  • 28 adprobo

    ap-prŏbo ( adp-, Fleck., Bait., Halm, Weissenb.; app-, Kayser), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.
    I.
    To assent to as good, to regard as good, to approve, to favor (freq. and class.; syn.: probo, laudo): id si non fama adprobat, * Ter. Phorm. 4, 5, 12:

    (populus Romanus) meum jus jurandum unā voce et consensu approbavit,

    Cic. Pis. 3, 7:

    approbatā laudatāque Cottae sententiā,

    id. Sest. 34, 74:

    aliquid magno clamore,

    id. Arch. 10, 24:

    legiones clamore donum adprobantes,

    Liv. 7, 37; 7, 41:

    consilium vehementer adprobare,

    Cic. ad Q. Fr. 3, 4 et saep.—So of the gods, to allow a thing to take place, to favor (cf. admitto, II. B.):

    quod actum est di adprobent,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 15; 1, 9, 19:

    musis omnibus adprobantibus,

    id. ib. 7, 23, 2; cf. Plaut. Am. prol. 13.—
    II.
    To show as being good and true, to make evident, to prove, demonstrate, confirm, establish:

    hoc autem nihil attinet approbari,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 36 fin.:

    innocentiam adprobare,

    Tac. A. 1, 44:

    excusationem,

    id. Agr. 42.—With acc. and inf.:

    vivere eos approbant,

    Plin. 9, 57, 83:

    quo magis degenerāsse eum a civili more approbaret,

    Suet. Aug. 17:

    Cajo talem et se et exercitum approbavit, ut, etc.,

    Suet. Galb. 6 al. —
    III.
    Aliquid alicui adprobare, to make good to one, to render acceptable, satisfactory:

    opus manu factum regi adprobavit,

    Vitr. 9, 3:

    prima castrorum rudimenta duci adprobavit,

    his first military duties he learned to the satisfaction of his commander, Tac. Agr. 5; Dig. 19, 2, 24; cf. Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 7, 63.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adprobo

  • 29 aestivus

    aestīvus, a, um, adj. [aestas], of or pertaining to summer, summer-like, summer (freq. and class.):

    Quo pacto aestivis e partibus Aegocerotis Brumalīs adeat flexus,

    turns from the hot region of heaven to the wintry sign of Capricorn, Lucr. 5, 615; so id. 5, 639:

    aestivos menses rei militari dare, hibernos juris dictioni,

    Cic. Att. 5, 14:

    tempora, dies,

    summer time, summer days, id. Verr. 2, 5, 31:

    sol,

    Verg. G. 4, 28:

    aura,

    Hor. C. 1, 22, 18:

    umbra,

    Ov. M. 13, 793:

    rus,

    Mart. 8, 61:

    per aestivos saltus deviasque calles exercitum ducimus,

    through woods, where flocks were driven for summer pasture, Liv. 22, 14:

    aves,

    summer birds, id. 5, 6:

    animalia,

    the insects of summer, Plin. 9, 47, 71, § 154:

    expeditiones,

    which were undertaken in summer, Vell. 2, 114: castra, a summer camp (constructed differently from a winter camp), Suet. Claud. 1.—Hence,
    II.
    Subst.: aestīva, ōrum, n.
    A.
    For a summer camp, ta therina:

    dum in aestivis essemus,

    Cic. Att. 5, 17; id. Fam. 2, 13: aestiva praetoris, of a pleasure-camp, pleasurehouse, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 37.—
    B.
    The time appropriate for a campaign (cf. aestas; often continuing until December; v. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 2, 7);

    hence,

    a campaign, Cic. Pis. 40: aestivis confectis, after the campaign was ended (which did not take place until the Saturnalia, XIV. Kal. Januar.), id. Fam. 3, 9 fin.:

    perducere aestiva in mensem Decembrem,

    Vell. 2, 105.—
    C.
    Summer pastures for cattle:

    per montium aestiva,

    Plin. 24, 6, 19, § 28.— Meton. for the cattle themselves:

    Nec singula morbi Corpora corripiunt, sed tota aestiva,

    Verg. G. 3, 472.— Hence, * adv.: aestīvē, in a summer-like manner, as in summer: admodum aestive viaticati sumus, we are furnished in a very summer-like manner with money for our journey, i. e. we have but little (the figure taken from the light dress of summer;

    or, acc. to others, from the scanty provisions which soldiers took with them in summer),

    Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 30.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aestivus

  • 30 approbo

    ap-prŏbo ( adp-, Fleck., Bait., Halm, Weissenb.; app-, Kayser), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.
    I.
    To assent to as good, to regard as good, to approve, to favor (freq. and class.; syn.: probo, laudo): id si non fama adprobat, * Ter. Phorm. 4, 5, 12:

    (populus Romanus) meum jus jurandum unā voce et consensu approbavit,

    Cic. Pis. 3, 7:

    approbatā laudatāque Cottae sententiā,

    id. Sest. 34, 74:

    aliquid magno clamore,

    id. Arch. 10, 24:

    legiones clamore donum adprobantes,

    Liv. 7, 37; 7, 41:

    consilium vehementer adprobare,

    Cic. ad Q. Fr. 3, 4 et saep.—So of the gods, to allow a thing to take place, to favor (cf. admitto, II. B.):

    quod actum est di adprobent,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 15; 1, 9, 19:

    musis omnibus adprobantibus,

    id. ib. 7, 23, 2; cf. Plaut. Am. prol. 13.—
    II.
    To show as being good and true, to make evident, to prove, demonstrate, confirm, establish:

    hoc autem nihil attinet approbari,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 36 fin.:

    innocentiam adprobare,

    Tac. A. 1, 44:

    excusationem,

    id. Agr. 42.—With acc. and inf.:

    vivere eos approbant,

    Plin. 9, 57, 83:

    quo magis degenerāsse eum a civili more approbaret,

    Suet. Aug. 17:

    Cajo talem et se et exercitum approbavit, ut, etc.,

    Suet. Galb. 6 al. —
    III.
    Aliquid alicui adprobare, to make good to one, to render acceptable, satisfactory:

    opus manu factum regi adprobavit,

    Vitr. 9, 3:

    prima castrorum rudimenta duci adprobavit,

    his first military duties he learned to the satisfaction of his commander, Tac. Agr. 5; Dig. 19, 2, 24; cf. Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 7, 63.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > approbo

  • 31 densus

    densus, a, um, adj. [kindred with dasus, daulos (i. e. dasulos); cf. Lat. dumus, old form dusmus, and dumetum], thick, dense, i. e. consisting of parts crowded together. opp. to rarus (on the contrary, crassus, thick, is opp. to thin, fluid; and spissus, close, compact, with the predominant idea of impenetrability; cf. also: angustus, artus, solidus—class. and freq., esp. in poets and historians; in Cic. very rare).
    I.
    Lit.
    1.
    In space:

    ne dum variantia rerum Tanta queat densis rarisque ex ignibus esse,

    Lucr. 1, 654; cf. Verg. G. 1, 419 (for which densatus et laxatus aër, Quint. 5, 9, 16); and:

    (terra) Rara sit an supra morem si densa requiras... Densa magis Cereri, rarissima quaeque Lyaeo,

    Verg. G. 2, 227 sq.: densa et glutinosa terra, Col. praef. § 24: silva, poëta ap. Cic. Att. 12, 15; cf.:

    densiores silvae,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 29, 2:

    densissimae silvae,

    id. ib. 4, 38, 3:

    lucus densissimae opacitatis,

    Front. Strat. 1, 11, 10:

    denso corpore nubes,

    Lucr. 6, 361; cf.:

    denso agmine,

    id. 6, 100; so,

    agmen (sc. navium),

    Verg. A. 5, 834:

    densum umeris vulgus,

    Hor. Od. 2, 13, 32 et saep.:

    tunicae,

    Plin. 11, 23, 27, § 77:

    zmaragdi,

    id. 37, 5, 18, § 68:

    litus,

    sandy, Ov. M. 2, 576; cf. Verg. G. 2, 275:

    aequor,

    i. e. frozen. Luc. 2, 640:

    aër,

    Hor. Od. 2, 7, 14; cf.

    caelum,

    Cels. 1 praef.; 3, 22:

    nimbi,

    Ov. M. 1, 269:

    caligo,

    Verg. A. 12, 466; cf.:

    densissima nox,

    pitch-dark night, Ov. M. 15, 31: umbra, Catull. 65, 13; Hor. Od. 1, 7, 20 et saep.—

    Without distinction, corresp. with crassus,

    Lucr. 6, 246 al. —
    b.
    Poet. with abl., thickly set with, covered with, full of: loca silvestribus sepibus densa, poëta ap. Cic. N. D. 1, 42 fin.; cf.:

    specus virgis ac vimine,

    Ov. M. 3, 29:

    vallis piceis et acuta cupressu,

    id. ib. 3, 155:

    Thybris verticibus,

    id. F. 6, 502:

    ficus pomis,

    id. ib. 2, 253:

    corpora setis,

    id. M. 13, 846; cf. id. Am. 3, 1, 32:

    femina crinibus emptis,

    id. A. A. 3, 165:

    funale lampadibus,

    id. M. 12, 247: trames [p. 547] caligine opaca (coupled with obscurus), id. ib. 10, 54 et saep.—
    B.
    Transf., of the parts themselves which are crowded together, thick, close, set close:

    superiorem partem collis densissimis castris (sc. trinis) compleverant,

    pitched very near together, Caes. B. G. 7, 46, 3:

    sepes,

    id. ib. 2, 22:

    frutices,

    Ov. M. 1, 122:

    ilex,

    id. F. 2, 165 et saep.:

    hostes,

    Verg. A. 2, 511:

    ministri,

    id. M. 2, 717:

    densior suboles,

    Verg. G. 3, 308:

    dens (pectinis),

    Tib. 1, 9, 68:

    comae,

    Ov. Am. 1, 14, 42; cf.

    pilae,

    id. F. 2, 348 et saep.— Poet.:

    densorum turba malorum,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 6, 41.—
    2.
    In time, of things which take place in close succession, thick, frequent, continuous (mostly poet.):

    ictus,

    Verg. A. 5, 459; cf.

    plagae,

    Hor. Od. 3, 5, 31:

    Aquilo,

    strong, powerful, Verg. G. 3, 196:

    silentia,

    deep, profound, Val. Fl. 3, 604:

    amores,

    Verg. G. 4, 347:

    pericula,

    Ov. P. 4, 7, 15:

    usus,

    id. ib. 4, 3, 15:

    ictus,

    Amm. 15, 5, 31. —
    II.
    Trop. of speech, condensed, concise:

    vox atrox in ira, et aspera ac densa,

    coarse, Quint. 11, 3, 63:

    tanta vis in eo (sc. Demosthene) tam densa omnia, etc.,

    id. 10, 1, 76; cf. transf. to the writer himself: densior ille (sc. Demosthenes), hic (sc. Cicero) copiosior, ib. § 106: densus et brevis et semper instans sibi Thucydides, ib. § 73: (Euripides) sententiis densus, ib. § 68.— Adv.: densē (very rare).
    1.
    In space, thickly, closely, close together:

    caesae alni,

    Plin. 16, 37, 67, § 173:

    calcatum quam densissime,

    Vitr. 5, 12 med.:

    milites densius se commovebant,

    Amm. 24, 6, 8.—
    2.
    (Acc. to no. I. B. 2.) In time, frequently, rapidly, one after the other:

    quod in perpetuitate dicendi eluceat aliquando, idem apud alios densius, apud alios fortasse rarius,

    Cic. Or. 2, 7:

    nulla tamen subeunt mihi tempora densius istis,

    Ov. P. 1, 9, 11:

    replicatis quaestionibus dense,

    Amm. 29, 3 fin.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > densus

  • 32 exspecto

    ex-specto ( expect-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to look out for a thing (syn.: prospecto, opperior, maneo, moror, praestolor).
    1.
    Objectively, to await, expect something that is to come or to take place, to be waiting for, etc. (very freq. and class.). —Constr. with the acc., with rel.-clauses, with dum, si, ut, quin, or absol.; very rarely with object-clause.
    A.
    In gen.
    1.
    With acc.:

    caritatem,

    Cato, R. R. 3, 2:

    alicujus mortem,

    Plaut. As. 3, 1, 28:

    cum ea Scipio dixisset silentioque omnium reliqua ejus exspectaretur oratio,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 38:

    injurias,

    id. ib. 1, 5:

    transitum tempestatis,

    id. Att. 2, 21, 2:

    adventum alicujus,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 27, 2; 2, 16, 2:

    eventum pugnae,

    id. ib. 7, 49 fin.:

    scilicet ultima semper Exspectanda dies homini est,

    Ov. M. 3, 136:

    cenantes haud animo aequo Exspectans comites,

    i. e. waiting till they have done eating, Hor. S. 1, 5, 9 et saep.; cf.:

    exspectandus erit annus,

    I must wait a year, Juv. 16, 42. —
    2.
    With relative and esp. interrogative clauses: exspectabat populus atque ora tenebat rebus, utri magni victoria sit data regni, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. s. 90, ed. Vahl.):

    exspecto, quo pacto, etc.,

    Plaut. Poen. 4, 1, 1:

    exspecto, quid ad ista,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 20, 46; id. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 92:

    quid hostes consilii caperent, exspectabat,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 24, 1:

    exspectante Antonio, quidnam esset actura,

    Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 121:

    ne utile quidem, quam mox judicium fiat, exspectare,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 28, 85; so,

    quid exspectas quam mox ego dicam, etc.,

    id. Rosc. Com. 15, 44:

    et, quam mox signis collatis dimicandum sit, in dies exspectet,

    id. 34, 11, 4; 3, 37, 5:

    exspectans, quando, etc.,

    Quint. 11, 3, 159.—
    3.
    With dum, si, ut, etc.:

    ne exspectetis meas pugnas dum praedicem,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 1:

    ne exspectemus quidem, dum rogemur,

    Cic. Lael. 13, 44:

    exspectas fortasse, dum dicat, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 2, 7, 17:

    exspectare, dum hostium copiae augerentur,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 13, 2:

    nec dum repetatur, exspectat,

    Quint. 4, 2, 45:

    Caesar non exspectandum sibi statuit, dum, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 11 fin.; cf.:

    nec vero hoc loco exspectandum est, dum, etc.,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 19:

    rusticus exspectat, dum defluat amnis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 42:

    jam dudum exspecto, si tuum officium scias,

    Plaut. Poen. prol. 12:

    exspecto si quid dicas,

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 61:

    hanc (paludem) si nostri transirent, hostes exspectabant,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 9, 1; id. B. C. 2, 34, 1:

    nisi exspectare vis ut eam sine dote frater conlocet,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 7:

    mea lenitas hoc exspectavit, ut id quod latebat, erumperet,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

    nisi forte exspectatis ut illa diluam, quae, etc.,

    id. Rosc. Am. 29, 82:

    neque exspectant, ut de eorum imperio ad populum feratur,

    Caes. ib. 1, 6, 6:

    quare nemo exspectet, ut, etc.,

    Quint. 7, 10, 14; Liv. 23, 31, 7; 26, 18, 5; 35, 8, 5 al.— Pass. impers.:

    nec ultra exspectato, quam dum Claudius Ostiam proficisceretur,

    Tac. A. 11, 26 fin.:

    cum omnium voces audirentur, exspectari diutius non oportere, quin ad castra iretur,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 24 fin. —
    4.
    Absol.:

    comites ad portam exspectare dicunt,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 17, 1:

    diem ex die exspectabam, ut statuerem, quid esset faciendum,

    id. Att. 7, 26, 3:

    exspectent paullum et agi ordine sinant,

    Quint. 4, 5, 19.—
    5.
    With object-clause:

    cum expectaret effusos omnibus portis Aetolos in fidem suam venturos,

    Liv. 43, 22, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    venturum istum,

    Aug. Conf. 5, 6.—
    * B.
    Transf., of an abstract subject, like maneo, to await:

    seu me tranquilla senectus Exspectat seu, etc.,

    Hor. S. 2, 1, 58.
    II.
    To look for with hope, fear, desire, expectation, to hope for, long for, expect, desire; to fear, dread, anticipate, apprehend.
    1.
    With acc.:

    reliquum est, ut tuam profectionem amore prosequar, reditum spe exspectem,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 21 fin.; cf.:

    quod magna cum spe exspectamus,

    id. Att. 16, 16 E. fin.:

    ego jam aut rem aut ne spem quidem exspecto,

    id. ib. 3, 22 fin.: magnum inceptas, si id exspectas, quod nusquam'st, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 56:

    quam (rem) avidissime civitas exspectat,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 1, 1:

    longiores (epistolas) exspectabo vel potius exigam,

    id. Fam. 15, 16, 1:

    finem laborum omnium,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 85, 4:

    illum ut vivat, optant, meam autem mortem exspectant scilicet,

    to wish, Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 20:

    fama mortis meae non accepta solum sed etiam exspectata est,

    Liv. 28, 27, 9; cf.

    in the pun with I.: cum Proculeius quereretur de filio, quod is mortem suam exspectaret, et ille dixisset, se vero non exspectare: Immo, inquit, rogo exspectes,

    Quint. 9, 3, 68 Spald.:

    nescio quod magnum hoc nuntio exspecto malum,

    dread, Ter. Ph. 1, 4, 16:

    mortem,

    id. Hec. 3, 4, 8:

    multis de causis Caesar majorem Galliae motum exspectans,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 1, 1: 7, 43 fin. —With a personal object:

    pater exspectat aut me aut aliquem nuntium,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 22:

    ite intro, filii vos exspectant intus,

    id. Bacch. 5, 2, 86:

    hic ego mendacem usque puellam Ad mediam noctem exspecto,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 83; cf. Ov. M. 14, 418:

    video jam, illum, quem exspectabam, virum, cui praeficias officio et muneri,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 42.—
    2.
    Aliquid ab (rarely ex) aliquo (a favorite expression of Cicero):

    a te hoc civitas vel omnes potius gentes non exspectant solum, sed etiam postulant,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 5, 3; cf. id. ib. 3, 10, 1:

    dixi Servilio, ut omnia a me majora exspectaret,

    id. ib. 3, 12, 4:

    alimenta a nobis,

    id. Rep. 1, 4:

    ab aliquo gloriam,

    id. ib. 6, 19 fin.:

    tristem censuram ab laeso,

    Liv. 39, 41, 2:

    ut ex iis (proletariis) quasi proles civitatis exspectari videretur,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 40.—
    3.
    Aliquid ab or ex aliqua re (rare):

    aliquid ab liberalitate alicujus,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 28, 3:

    dedecus a philosopho,

    id. Tusc. 2, 12, 28:

    omnia ex sua amicitia,

    id. ib. 3, 60, 1.—
    4.
    Aliquid aliquem (very rare): ne quid exspectes amicos, quod tute agere possies, Enn. ap. Gell. 2, 29; Sat. v. 38 Vahl.—
    5.
    With object-clause:

    quid mihi hic adfers, quam ob rem exspectem aut sperem porro non fore?

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 36:

    exspecto cupioque te ita illud defendere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 64, § 151.—With inf. alone (cf. cupio), Front. ad Ver. Imp. p. 137, ed. Rom.—
    6.
    Absol. (very rare):

    cum mihi nihil improviso, nec gravius quam exspectavissem pro tantis meis factis evenisset,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 4:

    aliquando ad verum, ubi minime exspectavimus, pervenimus,

    Quint. 12, 8, 11.—
    B.
    Poet. transf., of an abstr. subject, to have need of, require:

    silvarumque aliae pressos propaginis arcus Exspectant,

    Verg. G. 2, 27:

    neque illae (oleae) procurvam exspectant falcem rastrosque tenaces,

    id. ib. 2, 421; cf.:

    lenta remedia et segnes medicos non exspectant tempora mea,

    Curt. 3, 5, 13.—Hence, exspectātus ( expect-), a, um, P. a. (acc. to II.), anxiously expected, longed for, desired, welcome (class.):

    carus omnibus exspectatusque venies,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 7; cf.:

    venies exspectatus omnibus,

    id. ib. 4, 10, 1; Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 11:

    quibus Hector ab oris exspectate venis?

    Verg. A. 2, 282:

    sensi ego in exspectatis ad amplissimam dignitatem fratribus tuis,

    who were expected to arrive at the highest dignities of the state, Cic. de Sen. 19, 68:

    ubi te exspectatum ejecisset foras,

    i. e. whose death is waited, longed for, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 29 Ruhnk.— Comp.:

    nimis ille potuit exspectatior venire,

    Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 12.— Sup.:

    adventus suavissimus exspectatissimusque,

    Cic. Att. 4, 4 a:

    litterae,

    id. Fam. 10, 5, 1:

    triumphus,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 51 fin. —
    b.
    In the neutr. absol.:

    quis non diversa praesentibus contrariaque exspectatis aut speret aut timeat?

    Vell. 2, 75, 2:

    hosti Ante exspectatum positis stat in agmine castris,

    before it was expected, Verg. G. 3, 348; so,

    ante exspectatum,

    Ov. M. 4, 790; 8, 5; Sen. Ep. 114:

    ille ad patrem patriae exspectato revolavit maturius,

    than was expected, Vell. 2, 123, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > exspecto

  • 33 Locusta

    1.
    lō̆custa ( lŭc-; scanned lŏcusta, Juvenc. in Matt. 3, 1, 339), ae, f., a marine shell-fish, a lobster, Plin. 9, 30, 50, § 95:

    locustis squillisque magna ex parte sub eodem munimento praeduri eminent oculi,

    id. 11, 37, 55, § 152:

    marina,

    Petr. 35, 4.—Hence, dic mihi hoc etiam: solent tibi umquam oculi duri fieri? Men. Quid? tu me locustam censes esse, Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 24.— Prov.: prius pariet locusta Lucam bovem, said of something that can never take place, of something impossible, Naev. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 39 Müll.—
    II.
    A locust, Plin. 8, 29, 43, § 104:

    esca ejus erat locustae,

    Vulg. Matt. 3, 4.
    2.
    Locusta ( Lūcusta), ae, f., a woman famous for her skill in poisons, in the time of Nero and Claudius, Tac. A. 12, 66; 13, 15; Suet. Ner. 33; Juv. 1, 71.
    3.
    Lōcusta, ae, m., name of a man, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Locusta

  • 34 locusta

    1.
    lō̆custa ( lŭc-; scanned lŏcusta, Juvenc. in Matt. 3, 1, 339), ae, f., a marine shell-fish, a lobster, Plin. 9, 30, 50, § 95:

    locustis squillisque magna ex parte sub eodem munimento praeduri eminent oculi,

    id. 11, 37, 55, § 152:

    marina,

    Petr. 35, 4.—Hence, dic mihi hoc etiam: solent tibi umquam oculi duri fieri? Men. Quid? tu me locustam censes esse, Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 24.— Prov.: prius pariet locusta Lucam bovem, said of something that can never take place, of something impossible, Naev. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 39 Müll.—
    II.
    A locust, Plin. 8, 29, 43, § 104:

    esca ejus erat locustae,

    Vulg. Matt. 3, 4.
    2.
    Locusta ( Lūcusta), ae, f., a woman famous for her skill in poisons, in the time of Nero and Claudius, Tac. A. 12, 66; 13, 15; Suet. Ner. 33; Juv. 1, 71.
    3.
    Lōcusta, ae, m., name of a man, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > locusta

  • 35 lucusta

    1.
    lō̆custa ( lŭc-; scanned lŏcusta, Juvenc. in Matt. 3, 1, 339), ae, f., a marine shell-fish, a lobster, Plin. 9, 30, 50, § 95:

    locustis squillisque magna ex parte sub eodem munimento praeduri eminent oculi,

    id. 11, 37, 55, § 152:

    marina,

    Petr. 35, 4.—Hence, dic mihi hoc etiam: solent tibi umquam oculi duri fieri? Men. Quid? tu me locustam censes esse, Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 24.— Prov.: prius pariet locusta Lucam bovem, said of something that can never take place, of something impossible, Naev. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 39 Müll.—
    II.
    A locust, Plin. 8, 29, 43, § 104:

    esca ejus erat locustae,

    Vulg. Matt. 3, 4.
    2.
    Locusta ( Lūcusta), ae, f., a woman famous for her skill in poisons, in the time of Nero and Claudius, Tac. A. 12, 66; 13, 15; Suet. Ner. 33; Juv. 1, 71.
    3.
    Lōcusta, ae, m., name of a man, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > lucusta

  • 36 n'

    1.
    nē (old forms nei and ni; v. the foll.), adv. and conj., the primitive Latin negative particle, no, not; whereas the negative particle non is a derivative (v. non init.) [prob. of pronominal origin; cf. the Anglo-Saxon na and ne (Engl. no), whence naht (Engl. not) is derived; Sanscr. na, not].
    I.
    Adv., with a single word of a proposition (in early Latin): NE MINVS TRINVM NOVNDINVM, not less than, etc., S. C. de Bacch.; cf. with DVM NE MINVS SENATORIBVS C. ADESENT, twice in the same S. C.;

    and in the form ni: DVM NI MINVS VIGINTI ADSIENT,

    Inscr. Grut. 207, 3. So too:

    DVM NE AMPLIOREM MODVM PRATORVM HABEANT QVAM, etc.,

    Inscr. Orell. 3121 (Sententia de finibus inter Genuates et Viturios regundis lata A. U. C. 637). So, ne minores (verres) quam semestres, Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 21. In the time of Plautus the usage was unsettled, non and ne being used indifferently for simple negation; cf. Lorenz ad Plaut. Most. 105; Brix ad Plaut. Trin. 1156.—
    2.
    To this is allied the adverbial use of ne in all periods of the language.
    a.
    Ne... quidem, applies the negation with emphasis to the word between them, not even:

    ne sues quidem id velint, non modo ipse,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 92:

    ne in oppidis quidem... ne in fanis quidem,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 2:

    Philippus non item: itaque ne nos quidem,

    id. Att. 14, 12, 2:

    nulla ne minima quidem aura fluctus commovente,

    id. Tusc. 5, 6, 16:

    non potest dici satis, ne cogitari quidem, quantum, etc.,

    id. Mil. 29, 78:

    vita beata, quam ne in deo quidem esse censes, nisi, etc.,

    id. N. D. 1, 24, 67:

    ut in foro et in judicio... ne non timere quidem sine aliquo timore possimus,

    id. Mil. 1, 2:

    ne tondere quidem Vellera possunt,

    Verg. G. 3, 561;

    so after a negative, repeating it with emphasis: non enim praetereundum est ne id quidem,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 60, § 155:

    nulla species ne excogitari quidem potest ornatior,

    id. de Or. 3, 45, 179:

    non praetermittam ne illud quidem,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 2:

    Caesar negat se ne Graeca quidem meliora legisse,

    id. ib. 2, 16, 5:

    numquam illum ne minima quidem re offendi,

    id. Lael. 27, 103; Liv. 28, 42, 16; but when ne... quidem precedes, the negative of the principal verb is omitted:

    sine quā ne intellegi quidem ulla virtus potest,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 13, 31:

    neque enim ipsius quidem regis abhorrebat animus,

    Liv. 29, 12, 10: ne quidem (with no intervening word), not even (late Lat.), Gai Inst. 1, 67; id. ib. 3, 93.—
    b.
    In composition, to make an absolute negation of the principal idea. So in neque and nequiquam; also in nescio and nevolo; and in nefas, nefandus, nepus (for non purus), nequeo, neuter, neutiquam; in nemo, nego, nihil, nullus, numquam, and nusquam; and, lastly, with a paragogic c before o: necopinans and neglego; negotium (i. e. nec-lego; nec-otium). —
    B.
    With a proposition (in all periods of the language, and exclusively),
    1.
    In imperative sentences, to signify that something must not be done.
    (α).
    With imper.: SI HOMINEM FVLMEN IOVIS OCCISIT, NE SVPRA GENVA TOLLITOR, let him not be raised, Leg. Reg.: HOMINEM MORTVVM IN VRBE NE SEPELITO NEVE VRITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 23; cf.: MVLIERES GENAS NE RADVNTO NEVE LESSVM FVNERIS ERGO HABENTO, ib.: SI NOLET, ARCERAM NE STERNITO, let him not spread, he need not spread, ib. (cf. Gell. 20, 1, 25):

    VECTIGAL INVITEI DARE NEI DEBENTO,

    Inscr. Orell. 3121; cf.

    art. ni, II.: abi, ne jura: satis credo,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 20; 4, 5, 5:

    ah, ne saevi tantopere,

    Ter. And. 5, 2, 27:

    impius ne audeto placare donis iram deorum,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:

    ne, pueri, ne tanta animis assuescite bella,

    Verg. A. 6, 832.—
    (β).
    With subj.:

    ne me moveatis,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 9, 1:

    si certum est facere, facias: verum ne post conferas Culpam in me,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 96:

    si denique veritas extorquebit, ne repugnetis,

    Cic. Clu. 2, 6:

    ne pudori Sit tibi Musa lyrae sollers,

    Hor. A. P. 406.—
    2.
    In wishes and asseverations: ne id Juppiter Opt. Max. sineret, etc., might Jupiter forbid it! etc., Liv. 4, 2; cf.:

    ne istuc Juppiter Opt. Max. sirit, etc.,

    id. 28, 28.—With utinam: utinam ne in nemore Pelio securibus Caesa accedisset abiegna ad terram trabes, would that not, Enn. ap. Cic. Top. 16, 61 (Trag. v. 280 Vahl.): utinam ne umquam, Mede Colchis cupido corde pedem extulisses, Enn ap. Non. 297, 18 (Trag. v. 311 ib.):

    illud utinam ne vere scriberem!

    Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3; v. utinam.—With si:

    ne vivam, si scio,

    may I not live, may I die, if I know, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 8:

    sed ne vivam, si tibi concedo,

    id. Fam. 7, 23, 19:

    ne sim salvus, si aliter scribo ac sentio,

    id. ib. 16, 13, 1.—
    3.
    In concessive and restrictive clauses (conceived as softened commands; cf. II. init.).
    (α).
    In concessions, nemo is, inquies, umquam fuit. Ne fuerit:

    ego enim, etc.,

    there may not have been; suppose there was not, Cic. Or. 29, 101; cf.:

    pugnes omnino, sed cum adversario facili. Ne sit sane: videri certe potest,

    id. Ac. 2, 26, 85; 2, 32, 102:

    ne sit sane summum malum dolor: malum certe est,

    id. Tusc. 2, 5, 14:

    ne sint in senectute vires: ne postulantur quidem vires a senectute,

    id. Sen. 11, 34:

    ne sit igitur sol, ne luna, ne stellae, quoniam nihil esse potest, nisi quod attigimus aut vidimus,

    id. N. D. 1, 31, 88; Liv. 31, 7:

    nec porro malum, quo aut oppressus jaceas, aut, ne opprimare, mente vix constes?

    though you be not crushed; supposing you are not crushed, Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 39.—
    (β).
    In restrictive clauses:

    sint sane liberales ex sociorum fortunis, sint misericordes in furibus aerarii, ne illi sanguinem nostrum largiantur, etc.,

    only let them not; if they only will not, Sall. C. 52, 12. So, dum ne, dummodo ne, modo ne, and dum quidem ne; v. dum and modo: me vero nihil istorum ne juvenem quidem movit umquam: ne nunc senem, much less now I am old = nedum, Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 2; cf.:

    vix incedo inanis, ne ire posse cum onere existumes,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 174: scuta si homines inviti dant, etsi ad salutem communem dari sentiunt: ne quem putetis sine maximo dolore argentum caelatum domo protulisse, much less can you suppose, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 52; Liv. 3, 52.—
    4.
    In clauses which denote a purpose or result.
    a.
    Ut ne, that not, lest, so that not (very rare after the August. period; in Livy only in a few doubtful passages; in Cæsar, Seneca, and Tacitus not at all; v. under II.): quos ego ope meā Pro incertis certos... Dimitto, ut ne res temere tractent turbidas, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199 (Trag v. 189 Vahl.): vestem ut ne inquinet, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 17. pergunt turbare usque, ut ne quid possit conquiescere, id. Most. 5, 1, 12:

    haec mihi nunc cura est maxima, ut ne cui meae Longinquitas aetatis obstet,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 19:

    ego, pol, te ulciscar, ut ne impune nos illuseris,

    id. Eun. 5, 4, 19:

    excitandam esse animadversionem et diligentiam, ut ne quid inconsiderate negligenterque agamus,

    Cic. Off. 1, 29, 103:

    equidem soleo dare operam, ut de suā quisque re me ipse doceat, et, ut ne quis alius assit, quo, etc.,

    id. de Or. 2, 24, 102.—
    b.
    Ut... ne separated:

    quam plurimis de rebus ad me velim scribas, ut prorsus ne quid ignorem,

    Cic. Att. 3, 10, 3:

    ut causae communi salutique ne deessent,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 63, § 140:

    lata lex est, ne auspicia valerent, ut omnibus fastis diebus legem ferri liceret: ut lex Aelia, lex Fufia ne valeret,

    id. Sest. 15, 33; id. N. D. 1, 7, 17:

    vos orant atque obsecrant, judices, ut in actore causae suae deligendo vestrum judicium ab suo judicio ne discrepet,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 14.—
    c.
    Qui ne, quo ne, and quomodo ne (ante- and post-class. for ut ne):

    ego id agam, mihi qui ne detur,

    Ter. And. 2, 1, 35:

    moxque ad aram, quo ne hostis dolum persentisceret, aversusque a duce assistit,

    Dict. Cret. 4, 11: quaeritis maximis sumptibus faciendis, quomodo ne tributa conferatis, Gr. hôs mê, Rutil. Lup. 1, 9.
    II.
    In the several uses of the adv. ne, described above, the transition to its use to connect clauses is clearly seen (v. esp. I. B. 3. and 4.). In intentional clauses, and after verbs of fearing and avoiding, ne becomes a conjunction.
    A.
    In intentional clauses for ut ne, that not, lest: nolite, hospites, ad me adire: ilico isti! Ne contagio mea bonis umbrave obsit, approach me not; let not my presence harm you, i. e. lest my presence should harm you, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 26 (Trag. v. 405 Vahl.):

    omitto innumerabiles viros, quorum singuli saluti huic civitati fuerunt... ne quis se aut suorum aliquem praetermissum queratur,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1; 1, 7, 12; 1, 5, 9:

    Caesarem complexus obsecrare coepit, ne quid gravius in fratrem statueret,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 20.—Esp. after verbs expressing forethought, care, etc.:

    vide sis, ne quid imprudens ruas,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 128:

    considera, ne in alienissimum tempus cadat adventus tuus,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 14, 4:

    Cocceius, vide, ne frustretur,

    Cic. Att. 12, 18, 3 et saep.—
    B.
    After verbs signifying to fear, frighten, etc. (esp. metuo, timeo, vereor, horreo, paveo, terreo, conterreo; also, timor est, metus est, spes est, periculum est), to express the wish that something may not take place; represented in English by that (because in English the particle depends on the idea of fearing, not of wishing):

    metuo et timeo, ne hoc tandem propalam flat,

    that it will be discovered, Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 38:

    timeo ne malefacta mea sint inventa omnia,

    id. Truc. 4, 2, 61:

    vereor ne quid Andria apportet mali,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 46:

    metuebat ne indicarent,

    Cic. Mil. 21, 57:

    mater cruciatur et sollicita est, ne filium spoliatum omni dignitate conspiciat,

    id. Mur. 41, 88:

    hic ne quid mihi prorogetur, horreo,

    id. Att. 5, 21, 3:

    id paves, ne ducas tu illam, tu autem ut ducas,

    Ter. And. 2, 2, 12:

    esse metus coepit, ne, etc.,

    Ov. M. 7, 715:

    terruit gentīs, grave ne rediret Saeculum Pyrrhae,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 5:

    non periclumst, nequid recte monstres,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 55:

    pavor ceperat milites, ne mortiferum esset vulnus,

    Liv. 24, 42 —
    b.
    When the dependent clause is negative, with non or nihil, that not:

    vereor ne exercitum firmum habere non possit,

    Cic. Att. 7, 12, 2:

    unum vereor ne senatus Pompeium nolit dimittere,

    id. ib. 5, 18, 1:

    timeo ne non impetrem,

    id. ib. 9, 6, 6; id. Tusc. 1, 31, 76.—
    c.
    With the negative before the verb:

    non vereor, ne quid temere facias,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 1; 2, 1, 4:

    timere non debeo, ne non iste illā cruce dignus judicetur,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 171.—
    C.
    After verbs signifying to avoid, warn, hinder, forbid, refuse (caveo, impedio, resisto, interdico, refuto, rarely veto), instead of the simple object, that not, lest:

    qui cavet, ne decipiatur, etc.,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 5:

    cavete, judices, ne nova proscriptio instaurata esse videatur,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 53, 153; id. Fam. 3, 12, 4;

    v. caveo: casus quidam ne facerem impedivit,

    Cic. Fat. 1, 1:

    unus ne caperetur urbs causa fuit,

    Liv. 34, 39. [p. 1194]
    2.
    - nĕ (also apocopated n' and only n), interrog. and enclit. part. [weakened from nē]. It simply inquires, without implying either that a negative or an affirmative reply is expected (cf. num, nonne), and emphasizes the word to which it is joined;

    which is always, in classic Latin, the first word of the clause (ante- class. after other words: sine dote uxoremne?

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 94; 1, 2, 141; id. As. 5, 2, 78; id. Mil. 3, 1, 92). In direct questions it is translated by giving an interrogative form to the sentence; in indirect interrogations by whether.
    (α).
    In direct interrogations, with indic.:

    meministine me in senatu dicere? etc.,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 3, 7:

    potestne rerum major esse dissensio?

    id. Fin. 3, 13, 44:

    tune id veritus es?

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 1:

    jamne vides, belua, jamne sentis? etc.,

    id. Pis. 1, 1:

    quid, si etiam falsum illud omnino est? tamenne ista tam absurda defendes?

    id. N. D. 1, 29, 81; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 15, 44:

    quiane auxilio juvat ante levatos?

    Verg. A. 4, 538:

    tun' te audes Sosiam esse dicere?

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 217:

    valuistin?

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 12.—After an elided s:

    satin habes, si feminarum nulla'st: quam aeque diligam?

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 11:

    pergin autem?

    id. ib. 1, 3, 41:

    vin commutemus?

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 21 al. —
    (β).
    Esp. with rel. pron.; ellipt.: quemne ego servavi? i. e. do you mean the one whom? etc., Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 13: quodne vobis placeat, displiceat mihi? can it be that what pleases? etc., id. ib. 3, 1, 19; id. Merc. 3, 3, 12; id. Am. 2, 2, 65;

    so quin for quine,

    id. Trin. 2, 2, 79 Brix ad loc.; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 98; id. Most. 3, 2, 50 al.—So with ut and si:

    utine adveniens vomitum excutias mulieri?

    Plaut. Merc. 3, 3, 15; id. Rud. 4, 4, 19:

    sin, saluti quod tibi esse censeo, id. consuadeo,

    id. Merc. 1, 2, 32.—
    (γ).
    In indirect interrogations, with subj., whether:

    ut videamus, satisne ista sit justa defectio,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 43:

    Publilius iturusne sit in Africam et quando, ex Aledio scire poteris,

    id. Att. 12, 24, 1:

    videto vasa, multane sient,

    Cato, R. R. 1:

    quem imitari possimusne, ipse liber erit indicio,

    Varr. L. L. 7, § 4 Müll.; cf. id. ib. 10, § 9.—
    (δ).
    Sometimes affixed to an interrogative pronoun, Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 2:

    quone malo mentem concussa? Timore deorum,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 295; cf.:

    uterne Ad casus dubios fidet sibi certius?

    id. ib. 2, 2, 107; and:

    illa rogare: Quantane?

    id. ib. 2, 3, 317.—
    (ε).
    -ne is sometimes used for nonne, where an affirmative reply is expected:

    misine ego ad te epistulam?

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 22; id. Trin. 1, 2, 92; 99; id. Most. 2, 1, 15:

    rectene interpretor sententiam tuam,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 37; id. Fin. 2, 32, 104.—
    (ζ).
    Rarely = num:

    potestne virtus servire?

    Cic. de Or. 1, 52, 226:

    potesne dicere?

    id. Tusc. 1, 27, 67; id. Sen. 16, 56.—
    b.
    With an, annon, or anne, in the second interrogation, v. an.—With necne, v. neque.—Sometimes pleonastic with utrum, followed by an (mostly anteclass.):

    est etiam illa distinctio, utrum illudne non videatur aegre ferendum... an, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 27, 59:

    sed utrum strictimne attonsurum dicam esse an per pectinem, nescio,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 18 Brix ad loc.; id. Most. 3, 1, 151; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 42; cf. Madv. Gram. § 452, obs. 1.—Sometimes, in the second interrogation, ne for an (mostly poet.):

    Smyrna quid et Colophon? Majora minorane fama?

    Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 3:

    ut in incerto fuerit, vicissent victine essent,

    Liv. 5, 28, 5:

    cum interrogaretur, utrum pluris patrem matremne faceret,

    Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4.
    3.
    nē, interj. (incorrectly written nae), = nai, nê, truly, verily, really, indeed (only joined with pers. pron. ego, tu, and with the demonstratives ille, iste, hic, and their advv.; in class, prose usually with a conditional clause).
    I.
    In gen.:

    ne ego homo infelix fui, Qui non alas intervelli,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 169; cf.:

    ne ego haud paulo hunc animum malim quam, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 99:

    ne ego, inquam, si ita est, velim tibi eum placere quam maxime,

    id. Brut. 71, 249. So, ne tu, etc., id. Phil. 2, 2, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 54; Liv. 26, 6, 15: ne ille, Naev. ap. Non. 73, 18 (Trag. Rel. p. 9 v. 40 Rib.); Plaut. Ps. 3, 1, 3; Cic. Cat. 2, 3, 6:

    ne iste,

    Ter. And. 2, 1, 24; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 8 al.—
    II.
    Connected with other affirmative particles, as hercle, edepol, mecastor, medius fidius:

    ne tu hercle,

    Plaut. As. 2, 4, 6; id. Curc. 1, 3, 38: ne ille hercle, id. Bacch. 2, 3, 76:

    edepol ne ego,

    id. Men. 5, 5, 10:

    edepol ne tu,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 50:

    ne ista edepol,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 213:

    ne istuc mecastor,

    id. Men. 5, 1, 34 (729 Ritschl):

    ne ille, medius fidius,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 74; cf.:

    medius fidius ne tu,

    id. Att. 4, 4, 6, § 2.— Rarely with a pron. poss.:

    edepol ne meam operam, etc.,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 1. (All passages in which ne stands in classic prose without a pronoun are probably corrupt; cf. Haase in Reisig's Vorles. p. 379 sq.; v. Liv. 26, 31, 10; 34, 4, 16 Weissenb.)

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > n'

  • 37 ne

    1.
    nē (old forms nei and ni; v. the foll.), adv. and conj., the primitive Latin negative particle, no, not; whereas the negative particle non is a derivative (v. non init.) [prob. of pronominal origin; cf. the Anglo-Saxon na and ne (Engl. no), whence naht (Engl. not) is derived; Sanscr. na, not].
    I.
    Adv., with a single word of a proposition (in early Latin): NE MINVS TRINVM NOVNDINVM, not less than, etc., S. C. de Bacch.; cf. with DVM NE MINVS SENATORIBVS C. ADESENT, twice in the same S. C.;

    and in the form ni: DVM NI MINVS VIGINTI ADSIENT,

    Inscr. Grut. 207, 3. So too:

    DVM NE AMPLIOREM MODVM PRATORVM HABEANT QVAM, etc.,

    Inscr. Orell. 3121 (Sententia de finibus inter Genuates et Viturios regundis lata A. U. C. 637). So, ne minores (verres) quam semestres, Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 21. In the time of Plautus the usage was unsettled, non and ne being used indifferently for simple negation; cf. Lorenz ad Plaut. Most. 105; Brix ad Plaut. Trin. 1156.—
    2.
    To this is allied the adverbial use of ne in all periods of the language.
    a.
    Ne... quidem, applies the negation with emphasis to the word between them, not even:

    ne sues quidem id velint, non modo ipse,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 92:

    ne in oppidis quidem... ne in fanis quidem,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 2:

    Philippus non item: itaque ne nos quidem,

    id. Att. 14, 12, 2:

    nulla ne minima quidem aura fluctus commovente,

    id. Tusc. 5, 6, 16:

    non potest dici satis, ne cogitari quidem, quantum, etc.,

    id. Mil. 29, 78:

    vita beata, quam ne in deo quidem esse censes, nisi, etc.,

    id. N. D. 1, 24, 67:

    ut in foro et in judicio... ne non timere quidem sine aliquo timore possimus,

    id. Mil. 1, 2:

    ne tondere quidem Vellera possunt,

    Verg. G. 3, 561;

    so after a negative, repeating it with emphasis: non enim praetereundum est ne id quidem,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 60, § 155:

    nulla species ne excogitari quidem potest ornatior,

    id. de Or. 3, 45, 179:

    non praetermittam ne illud quidem,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 2:

    Caesar negat se ne Graeca quidem meliora legisse,

    id. ib. 2, 16, 5:

    numquam illum ne minima quidem re offendi,

    id. Lael. 27, 103; Liv. 28, 42, 16; but when ne... quidem precedes, the negative of the principal verb is omitted:

    sine quā ne intellegi quidem ulla virtus potest,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 13, 31:

    neque enim ipsius quidem regis abhorrebat animus,

    Liv. 29, 12, 10: ne quidem (with no intervening word), not even (late Lat.), Gai Inst. 1, 67; id. ib. 3, 93.—
    b.
    In composition, to make an absolute negation of the principal idea. So in neque and nequiquam; also in nescio and nevolo; and in nefas, nefandus, nepus (for non purus), nequeo, neuter, neutiquam; in nemo, nego, nihil, nullus, numquam, and nusquam; and, lastly, with a paragogic c before o: necopinans and neglego; negotium (i. e. nec-lego; nec-otium). —
    B.
    With a proposition (in all periods of the language, and exclusively),
    1.
    In imperative sentences, to signify that something must not be done.
    (α).
    With imper.: SI HOMINEM FVLMEN IOVIS OCCISIT, NE SVPRA GENVA TOLLITOR, let him not be raised, Leg. Reg.: HOMINEM MORTVVM IN VRBE NE SEPELITO NEVE VRITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 23; cf.: MVLIERES GENAS NE RADVNTO NEVE LESSVM FVNERIS ERGO HABENTO, ib.: SI NOLET, ARCERAM NE STERNITO, let him not spread, he need not spread, ib. (cf. Gell. 20, 1, 25):

    VECTIGAL INVITEI DARE NEI DEBENTO,

    Inscr. Orell. 3121; cf.

    art. ni, II.: abi, ne jura: satis credo,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 20; 4, 5, 5:

    ah, ne saevi tantopere,

    Ter. And. 5, 2, 27:

    impius ne audeto placare donis iram deorum,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:

    ne, pueri, ne tanta animis assuescite bella,

    Verg. A. 6, 832.—
    (β).
    With subj.:

    ne me moveatis,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 9, 1:

    si certum est facere, facias: verum ne post conferas Culpam in me,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 96:

    si denique veritas extorquebit, ne repugnetis,

    Cic. Clu. 2, 6:

    ne pudori Sit tibi Musa lyrae sollers,

    Hor. A. P. 406.—
    2.
    In wishes and asseverations: ne id Juppiter Opt. Max. sineret, etc., might Jupiter forbid it! etc., Liv. 4, 2; cf.:

    ne istuc Juppiter Opt. Max. sirit, etc.,

    id. 28, 28.—With utinam: utinam ne in nemore Pelio securibus Caesa accedisset abiegna ad terram trabes, would that not, Enn. ap. Cic. Top. 16, 61 (Trag. v. 280 Vahl.): utinam ne umquam, Mede Colchis cupido corde pedem extulisses, Enn ap. Non. 297, 18 (Trag. v. 311 ib.):

    illud utinam ne vere scriberem!

    Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3; v. utinam.—With si:

    ne vivam, si scio,

    may I not live, may I die, if I know, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 8:

    sed ne vivam, si tibi concedo,

    id. Fam. 7, 23, 19:

    ne sim salvus, si aliter scribo ac sentio,

    id. ib. 16, 13, 1.—
    3.
    In concessive and restrictive clauses (conceived as softened commands; cf. II. init.).
    (α).
    In concessions, nemo is, inquies, umquam fuit. Ne fuerit:

    ego enim, etc.,

    there may not have been; suppose there was not, Cic. Or. 29, 101; cf.:

    pugnes omnino, sed cum adversario facili. Ne sit sane: videri certe potest,

    id. Ac. 2, 26, 85; 2, 32, 102:

    ne sit sane summum malum dolor: malum certe est,

    id. Tusc. 2, 5, 14:

    ne sint in senectute vires: ne postulantur quidem vires a senectute,

    id. Sen. 11, 34:

    ne sit igitur sol, ne luna, ne stellae, quoniam nihil esse potest, nisi quod attigimus aut vidimus,

    id. N. D. 1, 31, 88; Liv. 31, 7:

    nec porro malum, quo aut oppressus jaceas, aut, ne opprimare, mente vix constes?

    though you be not crushed; supposing you are not crushed, Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 39.—
    (β).
    In restrictive clauses:

    sint sane liberales ex sociorum fortunis, sint misericordes in furibus aerarii, ne illi sanguinem nostrum largiantur, etc.,

    only let them not; if they only will not, Sall. C. 52, 12. So, dum ne, dummodo ne, modo ne, and dum quidem ne; v. dum and modo: me vero nihil istorum ne juvenem quidem movit umquam: ne nunc senem, much less now I am old = nedum, Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 2; cf.:

    vix incedo inanis, ne ire posse cum onere existumes,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 174: scuta si homines inviti dant, etsi ad salutem communem dari sentiunt: ne quem putetis sine maximo dolore argentum caelatum domo protulisse, much less can you suppose, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 52; Liv. 3, 52.—
    4.
    In clauses which denote a purpose or result.
    a.
    Ut ne, that not, lest, so that not (very rare after the August. period; in Livy only in a few doubtful passages; in Cæsar, Seneca, and Tacitus not at all; v. under II.): quos ego ope meā Pro incertis certos... Dimitto, ut ne res temere tractent turbidas, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199 (Trag v. 189 Vahl.): vestem ut ne inquinet, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 17. pergunt turbare usque, ut ne quid possit conquiescere, id. Most. 5, 1, 12:

    haec mihi nunc cura est maxima, ut ne cui meae Longinquitas aetatis obstet,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 19:

    ego, pol, te ulciscar, ut ne impune nos illuseris,

    id. Eun. 5, 4, 19:

    excitandam esse animadversionem et diligentiam, ut ne quid inconsiderate negligenterque agamus,

    Cic. Off. 1, 29, 103:

    equidem soleo dare operam, ut de suā quisque re me ipse doceat, et, ut ne quis alius assit, quo, etc.,

    id. de Or. 2, 24, 102.—
    b.
    Ut... ne separated:

    quam plurimis de rebus ad me velim scribas, ut prorsus ne quid ignorem,

    Cic. Att. 3, 10, 3:

    ut causae communi salutique ne deessent,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 63, § 140:

    lata lex est, ne auspicia valerent, ut omnibus fastis diebus legem ferri liceret: ut lex Aelia, lex Fufia ne valeret,

    id. Sest. 15, 33; id. N. D. 1, 7, 17:

    vos orant atque obsecrant, judices, ut in actore causae suae deligendo vestrum judicium ab suo judicio ne discrepet,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 14.—
    c.
    Qui ne, quo ne, and quomodo ne (ante- and post-class. for ut ne):

    ego id agam, mihi qui ne detur,

    Ter. And. 2, 1, 35:

    moxque ad aram, quo ne hostis dolum persentisceret, aversusque a duce assistit,

    Dict. Cret. 4, 11: quaeritis maximis sumptibus faciendis, quomodo ne tributa conferatis, Gr. hôs mê, Rutil. Lup. 1, 9.
    II.
    In the several uses of the adv. ne, described above, the transition to its use to connect clauses is clearly seen (v. esp. I. B. 3. and 4.). In intentional clauses, and after verbs of fearing and avoiding, ne becomes a conjunction.
    A.
    In intentional clauses for ut ne, that not, lest: nolite, hospites, ad me adire: ilico isti! Ne contagio mea bonis umbrave obsit, approach me not; let not my presence harm you, i. e. lest my presence should harm you, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 26 (Trag. v. 405 Vahl.):

    omitto innumerabiles viros, quorum singuli saluti huic civitati fuerunt... ne quis se aut suorum aliquem praetermissum queratur,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1; 1, 7, 12; 1, 5, 9:

    Caesarem complexus obsecrare coepit, ne quid gravius in fratrem statueret,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 20.—Esp. after verbs expressing forethought, care, etc.:

    vide sis, ne quid imprudens ruas,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 128:

    considera, ne in alienissimum tempus cadat adventus tuus,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 14, 4:

    Cocceius, vide, ne frustretur,

    Cic. Att. 12, 18, 3 et saep.—
    B.
    After verbs signifying to fear, frighten, etc. (esp. metuo, timeo, vereor, horreo, paveo, terreo, conterreo; also, timor est, metus est, spes est, periculum est), to express the wish that something may not take place; represented in English by that (because in English the particle depends on the idea of fearing, not of wishing):

    metuo et timeo, ne hoc tandem propalam flat,

    that it will be discovered, Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 38:

    timeo ne malefacta mea sint inventa omnia,

    id. Truc. 4, 2, 61:

    vereor ne quid Andria apportet mali,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 46:

    metuebat ne indicarent,

    Cic. Mil. 21, 57:

    mater cruciatur et sollicita est, ne filium spoliatum omni dignitate conspiciat,

    id. Mur. 41, 88:

    hic ne quid mihi prorogetur, horreo,

    id. Att. 5, 21, 3:

    id paves, ne ducas tu illam, tu autem ut ducas,

    Ter. And. 2, 2, 12:

    esse metus coepit, ne, etc.,

    Ov. M. 7, 715:

    terruit gentīs, grave ne rediret Saeculum Pyrrhae,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 5:

    non periclumst, nequid recte monstres,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 55:

    pavor ceperat milites, ne mortiferum esset vulnus,

    Liv. 24, 42 —
    b.
    When the dependent clause is negative, with non or nihil, that not:

    vereor ne exercitum firmum habere non possit,

    Cic. Att. 7, 12, 2:

    unum vereor ne senatus Pompeium nolit dimittere,

    id. ib. 5, 18, 1:

    timeo ne non impetrem,

    id. ib. 9, 6, 6; id. Tusc. 1, 31, 76.—
    c.
    With the negative before the verb:

    non vereor, ne quid temere facias,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 1; 2, 1, 4:

    timere non debeo, ne non iste illā cruce dignus judicetur,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 171.—
    C.
    After verbs signifying to avoid, warn, hinder, forbid, refuse (caveo, impedio, resisto, interdico, refuto, rarely veto), instead of the simple object, that not, lest:

    qui cavet, ne decipiatur, etc.,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 5:

    cavete, judices, ne nova proscriptio instaurata esse videatur,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 53, 153; id. Fam. 3, 12, 4;

    v. caveo: casus quidam ne facerem impedivit,

    Cic. Fat. 1, 1:

    unus ne caperetur urbs causa fuit,

    Liv. 34, 39. [p. 1194]
    2.
    - nĕ (also apocopated n' and only n), interrog. and enclit. part. [weakened from nē]. It simply inquires, without implying either that a negative or an affirmative reply is expected (cf. num, nonne), and emphasizes the word to which it is joined;

    which is always, in classic Latin, the first word of the clause (ante- class. after other words: sine dote uxoremne?

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 94; 1, 2, 141; id. As. 5, 2, 78; id. Mil. 3, 1, 92). In direct questions it is translated by giving an interrogative form to the sentence; in indirect interrogations by whether.
    (α).
    In direct interrogations, with indic.:

    meministine me in senatu dicere? etc.,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 3, 7:

    potestne rerum major esse dissensio?

    id. Fin. 3, 13, 44:

    tune id veritus es?

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 1:

    jamne vides, belua, jamne sentis? etc.,

    id. Pis. 1, 1:

    quid, si etiam falsum illud omnino est? tamenne ista tam absurda defendes?

    id. N. D. 1, 29, 81; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 15, 44:

    quiane auxilio juvat ante levatos?

    Verg. A. 4, 538:

    tun' te audes Sosiam esse dicere?

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 217:

    valuistin?

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 12.—After an elided s:

    satin habes, si feminarum nulla'st: quam aeque diligam?

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 11:

    pergin autem?

    id. ib. 1, 3, 41:

    vin commutemus?

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 21 al. —
    (β).
    Esp. with rel. pron.; ellipt.: quemne ego servavi? i. e. do you mean the one whom? etc., Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 13: quodne vobis placeat, displiceat mihi? can it be that what pleases? etc., id. ib. 3, 1, 19; id. Merc. 3, 3, 12; id. Am. 2, 2, 65;

    so quin for quine,

    id. Trin. 2, 2, 79 Brix ad loc.; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 98; id. Most. 3, 2, 50 al.—So with ut and si:

    utine adveniens vomitum excutias mulieri?

    Plaut. Merc. 3, 3, 15; id. Rud. 4, 4, 19:

    sin, saluti quod tibi esse censeo, id. consuadeo,

    id. Merc. 1, 2, 32.—
    (γ).
    In indirect interrogations, with subj., whether:

    ut videamus, satisne ista sit justa defectio,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 43:

    Publilius iturusne sit in Africam et quando, ex Aledio scire poteris,

    id. Att. 12, 24, 1:

    videto vasa, multane sient,

    Cato, R. R. 1:

    quem imitari possimusne, ipse liber erit indicio,

    Varr. L. L. 7, § 4 Müll.; cf. id. ib. 10, § 9.—
    (δ).
    Sometimes affixed to an interrogative pronoun, Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 2:

    quone malo mentem concussa? Timore deorum,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 295; cf.:

    uterne Ad casus dubios fidet sibi certius?

    id. ib. 2, 2, 107; and:

    illa rogare: Quantane?

    id. ib. 2, 3, 317.—
    (ε).
    -ne is sometimes used for nonne, where an affirmative reply is expected:

    misine ego ad te epistulam?

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 22; id. Trin. 1, 2, 92; 99; id. Most. 2, 1, 15:

    rectene interpretor sententiam tuam,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 37; id. Fin. 2, 32, 104.—
    (ζ).
    Rarely = num:

    potestne virtus servire?

    Cic. de Or. 1, 52, 226:

    potesne dicere?

    id. Tusc. 1, 27, 67; id. Sen. 16, 56.—
    b.
    With an, annon, or anne, in the second interrogation, v. an.—With necne, v. neque.—Sometimes pleonastic with utrum, followed by an (mostly anteclass.):

    est etiam illa distinctio, utrum illudne non videatur aegre ferendum... an, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 27, 59:

    sed utrum strictimne attonsurum dicam esse an per pectinem, nescio,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 18 Brix ad loc.; id. Most. 3, 1, 151; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 42; cf. Madv. Gram. § 452, obs. 1.—Sometimes, in the second interrogation, ne for an (mostly poet.):

    Smyrna quid et Colophon? Majora minorane fama?

    Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 3:

    ut in incerto fuerit, vicissent victine essent,

    Liv. 5, 28, 5:

    cum interrogaretur, utrum pluris patrem matremne faceret,

    Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4.
    3.
    nē, interj. (incorrectly written nae), = nai, nê, truly, verily, really, indeed (only joined with pers. pron. ego, tu, and with the demonstratives ille, iste, hic, and their advv.; in class, prose usually with a conditional clause).
    I.
    In gen.:

    ne ego homo infelix fui, Qui non alas intervelli,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 169; cf.:

    ne ego haud paulo hunc animum malim quam, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 99:

    ne ego, inquam, si ita est, velim tibi eum placere quam maxime,

    id. Brut. 71, 249. So, ne tu, etc., id. Phil. 2, 2, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 54; Liv. 26, 6, 15: ne ille, Naev. ap. Non. 73, 18 (Trag. Rel. p. 9 v. 40 Rib.); Plaut. Ps. 3, 1, 3; Cic. Cat. 2, 3, 6:

    ne iste,

    Ter. And. 2, 1, 24; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 8 al.—
    II.
    Connected with other affirmative particles, as hercle, edepol, mecastor, medius fidius:

    ne tu hercle,

    Plaut. As. 2, 4, 6; id. Curc. 1, 3, 38: ne ille hercle, id. Bacch. 2, 3, 76:

    edepol ne ego,

    id. Men. 5, 5, 10:

    edepol ne tu,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 50:

    ne ista edepol,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 213:

    ne istuc mecastor,

    id. Men. 5, 1, 34 (729 Ritschl):

    ne ille, medius fidius,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 74; cf.:

    medius fidius ne tu,

    id. Att. 4, 4, 6, § 2.— Rarely with a pron. poss.:

    edepol ne meam operam, etc.,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 1. (All passages in which ne stands in classic prose without a pronoun are probably corrupt; cf. Haase in Reisig's Vorles. p. 379 sq.; v. Liv. 26, 31, 10; 34, 4, 16 Weissenb.)

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ne

  • 38 olim

    ōlim, adv. [ole, olle, ollus or olus, archaic for ille, with locative ending -im, = illo tempore, v. Brix ad Plaut. Trin. 523], lit., at that (sc. remote) time; hence,
    I.
    Of past time, some time ago, once upon a time, once, formerly, in time past, whilom, erst (freq. and class.; syn. quondam): versibu' quos olim Fauni vatesque canebant, Enn. ap. Cic. Brut. 19, 76 (Ann. v. 222 Vahl.):

    ut fuit olim Sisyphus,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 46:

    sic enim olim loquebantur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 43, 183:

    olim, vel nuper,

    id. Div. 2, 25, 55;

    so corresp. to hoc tempore,

    id. Fam. 7, 24, 1:

    olim...mox,

    Tac. H. 1, 67:

    ut erant olim,

    Cic. Att. 12, 39, 2; cf.:

    alium esse censes nunc me, atque olim,

    Ter. And. 3, 3, 13; Cic. Fam. 15, 20, 2:

    gens olim armis, mox memoriā nominis clara,

    Tac. H. 7, 67:

    fuit olim senex: ei filiae Duae erant,

    there was once an old man, Plaut. Stich. 4, 1, 33.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    From the meaning in times past is derived that of since ever (Germ. von jener), what used to happen, was, is, the old custom; hence, in propositions which state, as the result cf experience, that any thing is wont to take place, at times (only ante-class. and poet.):

    nunc lenonum plus est fere, Quam olim muscarum'st, cum caletur maxime,

    Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 45; cf. id. Mil. 1, 1, 2; id. Poen. 1, 2, 143; cf. also id. Trin. 2, 4, 123:

    saxum tumidis submersum tunditur olim Fluctibus, etc.,

    Verg. A. 5, 125; id. ib. 8, 391:

    ut pueris olim dant crustula blandi Doctores,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 25 Orell.:

    ut calceus olim, Si pede major erit, subvertet, si minor, uret,

    id. Ep. 1, 10, 42; id. C. 4, 4, 5:

    parentis olim si quis impiā manu Senile guttur fregerit,

    id. Epod. 3, 1:

    ut olim Amisso dubiae rege vagantur apes,

    Ov. F. 3, 555:

    color oris erat, qui frondibus olim Esse solet seris,

    id. ib. 6, 149; id. M. 14, 429:

    an quid est olim homini salute melius?

    ever, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 128:

    vestra meos olim si fistula dicat amores,

    if ever, Verg. E. 10, 34.—
    2.
    Now for a long time, this good while, long ago (mostly post-Aug.;

    not in Cic.): olim non librum in manus sumpsi: olim nescio, quid sit otium,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 9, 1:

    audio quid veteres olim moneatis amici,

    Juv. 6, 346:

    nullas mihi epistulas mittas,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 11, 1:

    provisum erat,

    Tac. A. 13, 15:

    corruptis moribus,

    id. ib. 14, 15:

    olim jam nec perit quicquam mihi nec acquiritur,

    Sen. Ep. 77, 3.—
    II.
    Of the future, one day, on a future day, at a future time, hereafter (rare but class.): audire edepol lubet. St. Primum omnium olim terra quom proscinditur, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 122:

    utinam coram tecum olim, potius quam per epistulas!

    Cic. Att. 11, 4, 1:

    exoriare aliquis ultor...Nunc, olim, quocumque dabunt se tempore vires,

    Verg. A. 4, 625; cf.:

    non si male nunc et olim Sic erit,

    Hor. C. 2, 10, 17:

    forsan et haec olim meminisse juvabit,

    Verg. A. 1, 203:

    numquid ego illi Imprudens olim faciam simile?

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 137:

    vir nominabitur,

    Quint. 10, 1, 104.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > olim

  • 39 provenio

    prō-vĕnĭo, vēni, ventum, 4, v. n., to come forth, appear (not in Cic.; syn. appareo).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen. (mostly anteclass.): proveniebant oratores novi, Naev. ap. Cic. Sen. 6, 20 (Com. Rel. p. 14 Rib.):

    scriptorum magna ingenia,

    Sall. C. 8, 3:

    in scenam,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 155:

    quibus feminis menstrua non proveniunt,

    Cels. 2, 7.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To come forth, be brought forth, be born; to originate, arise, be produced (post-Aug.; cf.

    progigno): deductis olim, quique mox provenere, haec patria est,

    were born, Tac. H. 4, 65:

    neque Artemenem Dario provenisse,

    Just. 2, 10, 4:

    nec aliud ibi animal provenit,

    Plin. 9, 10, 12, § 38; 10, 54, 75, § 152:

    insula, in quā candidum plumbum provenit,

    id. 4, 16, 30, § 104:

    lana,

    Ov. F. 4, 773; id. Am. 3, 1, 44:

    sic neque fistulosus (caseus) neque salsus neque aridus provenit,

    Col. 7, 8, 5.—
    2.
    To grow up, grow, thrive (so in Cæs. and Livy; cf.

    redeo): frumentum propter siccitates angustius provenerat,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 24; Liv. 27, 8, 19; 45, 13, 16; Quint. 5, 14, 32:

    virgas roscidas si recideris, parum prospere proveniunt,

    Col. 4, 30, 6; 1, 2, 4; 3, 18, 2; Plin. 19, 7, 36, § 120:

    arbores sponte suā provenientes,

    id. 17, 1, 1, § 1:

    cum provenisset segetum copia,

    Amm. 28, 1, 17; Sen. Ben. 1, 12, 4.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to come forth, appear (very rare):

    malum maximum, si id provenit,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 26.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To spring, originate, arise; to come to pass, take place, to happen, occur (cf.:

    accido, evenio): carmina proveniunt animo deducta sereno,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 39:

    ut ex studiis gaudium, sic studia hilaritate proveniunt,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 19, 2; cf.:

    Alexandro simile provenisset ostentum,

    Suet. Aug. 94:

    provenire certa ratione,

    Col. 4, 29, 2.—
    2.
    To go on, proceed in any manner; to succeed, prosper, flourish, turn out: decumae proveniunt male, Lucil. ap. Non. 521, 3.— Transf., of personal subjects, to whom any thing turns out in any manner:

    cum tu recte provenisti,

    since it has turned out well with you, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 35; id. Stich. 2, 2, 73; Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 22; cf.:

    nequiter multis modis,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 5, 57; Vulg. Phil. 1, 19:

    novā ubertate provenire terram,

    flourish, Tac. A. 16, 2; Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 12, 2.—
    b.
    Pregn., to go on well, to prosper, succeed, = succedere:

    si destinata provenissent,

    Tac. H. 4, 18:

    si consilium provenisset,

    id. ib. 3, 41:

    provenere dominationes,

    id. A. 3, 26:

    ut proveniant sine malo,

    Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 68:

    ut initia belli provenissent,

    Tac. H. 2, 20 fin.; id. A. 14, 25.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > provenio

  • 40 saepe

    saepe, adv. [old acc. n. of saepis].
    I.
    Often, oft, oftentimes, many times, frequently (at indefinite intervals, while crebro denotes in close succession):

    aperitur ostium, unde saturitate saepe ego exii ebrius,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 35:

    multis damno et mihi lucro saepe eris,

    id. Cist. 1, 1, 52:

    audivi saepe hoc vulgo dicier,

    id. Stich. 1, 3, 13:

    saepe ex te audivi pater,

    id. Merc. 2, 3, 40; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 30, 46:

    saepe hoc de majoribus natu audivimus,

    id. ib. 2, 15, 28:

    cum saepe mecum ageres, ut, etc.,

    id. Lael. 1, 4:

    sed... saepe enim redeo ad Scipionem, etc.,

    id. ib. 17, 62; cf. comp.:

    quocirca... dicendum est enim saepius, etc.,

    id. ib. 22, 85:

    licet lascivire, dum nihil metuas, ut in navi ac saepe etiam in morbo levi,

    id. Rep. 1, 40, 63; so,

    saepe etiam,

    id. ib. 1, 17, 26:

    in hoc statu rei publicae, quem dixi jam saepe non posse esse diuturnum,

    id. ib. 2, 37:

    minime saepe,

    least frequently, Caes. B. G. 1, 1:

    haud saepe,

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 33:

    non saepe,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 37:

    solet jocari saepe mecum illo modo,

    id. Men. 2, 2, 42; cf. id. ib. 5, 2, 18; so (with solere) Cic. Rep. 3, 5, 9; cf. sup.:

    de quo (Homero) saepissime vigilans (Ennius) solebat cogitare et loqui,

    id. ib. 6, 10; id. Lael. 8, 26:

    vidi ego multa saepe picta, quae Acherunti fierent cruciamenta,

    Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 1; so (with multus) id. ib. 2, 2, 78; id. Cas. 2, 5, 41; id. Mil. 3, 3, 12; id. Poen. 1, 1, 1; Cic. Rep. 3, 30, 42; id. Lael. 1, 2; id. Off. 2, 6, 20; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 219; cf.:

    saepe et multum hoc mecum cogitavi,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 1, 1:

    in hac (causā) multum et saepe versatus,

    id. Quint. 1, 3:

    quorum saepe et diu ad pedes jacuit stratus,

    id. ib. 31, 96; Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 28:

    nullus (piscis) minus saepe ad terram venit,

    id. Rud. 4, 3, 56: illos (inimicos) saepe verum dicere, hos (amicos) numquam, Cato ap. Cic. Lael. 24, 90:

    quod vos nimium saepe dicitis,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 13, 41: bene saepe, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 3 (Ann. v. 241 Vahl.):

    saepe antea (ante),

    Sall. J. 107, 1; 112, 2.—
    (β).
    Comp.:

    ibi eos conspicias quam praetorem saepius,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 8; cf.:

    ego saepius quam vellem,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 59.— More usu. without quam:

    quod, etsi saepe dictum est, dicendum est tamen saepius, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 3, 17, 69; cf. Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 6, A:

    semel atque iterum ac saepius,

    Cic. Font. 12, 26 (16):

    semel et saepius,

    id. Inv. 2, 4, 14:

    bis ac saepius,

    Quint. 10, 5, 7:

    iterum et saepius te rogo,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 42, 2; id. Imp. Pomp. 11, 30:

    iterum ac saepius,

    Quint. 12, 8, 8:

    quo quidem schemate utuntur poëtae saepius, sed ne oratores quidem raro,

    id. 9, 3, 44:

    quo magis novi, tanto saepius,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 14:

    propterea saepius te, ut memineris, moneo,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 43:

    ut verbis, quid sit... definiam saepius,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 24, 38:

    quasi ipsos induxi loquentes, ne inquam et inquit saepius interponeretur,

    id. Lael. 1, 3:

    quae potestas si mihi saepius sine meo vestroque periculo fiet, utar,

    id. Phil. 1, 15, 38:

    si saepius decertandum sit,

    id. ib. 2, 17, 43.—
    (γ).
    Sup.:

    tibi saepissime Cyathisso,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 28; id. Ps. 2, 4, 56:

    optare ut quam saepissime peccet amicus,

    Cic. Lael. 16, 59:

    ut vinum aegrotis, qui prodest raro, nocet saepissime,

    id. N. D. 3, 27, 69:

    de quo (avo tuo) audisti multa ex me, eaque saepissime,

    id. Phil. 1, 14, 34.—
    II.
    In general propositions stating the results of experience, to denote that which is wont to take place frequently, Plaut. Capt. prol. 44:

    illud saepe fit, tempestas venit, etc.,

    id. Most. 1, 2, 27; cf.:

    nam saepe est, quibus in rebus alius ne iratus quidem est, Cum, etc.,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 28:

    saepe ex hujusmodi re quāpiam... magna familiaritas Conflatast,

    id. Eun. 5, 2, 34:

    non licet hominem esse saepe ita ut volt,

    id. Heaut. 4, 1, 53:

    in quo defuit fortasse ratio, sed tamen vincit ipsa rerum publicarum natura saepe rationem,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 57;

    repeated: saepe... saepe,

    Hor. C. 1, 8, 11; id. Ep. 1, 19, 19; Liv. 23, 15:

    saepe, five times in succession,

    Cic. Lael. 10, 33 sq.; cf.:

    saepe... persaepe... saepe... saepe... saepe... modo... modo,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 9:

    modo... saepe... modo... interdum,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 11:

    saepe... modo,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 8.— Sup.:

    bonum consilium subripitur saepissime, si, etc.,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 8.—
    III.
    Sometimes with numero, and also joined in one word with it, saepenumero, to strengthen the main idea, like our oftentimes, again and again (perh. not before the class. per.):

    Aeduos fratres consanguineosque saepenumero a senatu appellatos,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 33; 1, 39; 1, 40; 6, 8; 7, 62; Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Sen. 2, 4; id. Rosc. Am. 24, 67; 41, 119; id. Fam. 16, 21, 3; Sall. C. 52, 7; 53, 3; Auct. B. Afr. 35, 4 al.—Once also in comp.:

    gigni hominem saepe nono, saepiusnumero decimo mense,

    Gell. 3, 16, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > saepe

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