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1 σκάλλω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to hack, to scrape' (Hdt., Arist., Thphr., LXX).Other forms: only pres. a. ipf. (aor. ipv. περίσκαλον Gp.; correct?)Compounds: Rarely w. δια- a. o. (partly controversial).Derivatives: 1. σκαλ-ίς, - ίδος f. `hack' (Att. onscr. IVa, Str., J.) with - ιδεύω `to hack' (gloss.); 2. - σις f. `the hacking' (Thphr.); 3. - μός m. `id.' (pap. IIIp; on σκαλμός `thole' s. v.); 4. - ηνός (- ηνής) `craggy, rough, uneven'; of numbers `odd', of triangles `scalene', of cones `slant' (s. Mugler Dict. géom. 377; Democr. ap. Thphr., Hp., Pl., Arist. etc.; on the formation cf. γαληνός; s. also σκολιός) with - ηνία, - ηνόομαι (Plu.); 5. ἄ-σκαλος `unhacked' (Theoc.; prob. metri c. for ἀσκάλευτος). Secondary verbs: 1. σκαλ-εύω, aor. σκαλεῦσαι, also w. ἀνα-, ἐκ-, ὑπο- a. o. `to hack, to scrape, to stir up' (Hp., Ar., Arist. etc.) with several derivv.: σκαλ-εύς m. `hack' (X., Poll.; not with Bosshardt 54 from *σκαλή), - ευσις f. `the scraping' (Aq.), - ευμα n. `scrapings' (sch., H.), - ευθρον n. `poker' (Poll.; cf. Bechtel Dial. 1, 210), - εία f. `the hacking' (Gp. tit.). 2. σκαλ-ίζω (ἀ- σκάλλω) `id.' (Phryn.) with - ισμός m. `the hacking' (pap., Eun.), - ιστή-ριον n. `hack' (sch.). - On σκαλίας s.v.Etymology: As zero grade yot-present σκάλλω can be formally identified with Lith. skiliù, inf. skìlti `strike fire': IE *skl̥-i̯ō [but the accent shows that the root is disyllabic; s. bel.]. Semantically closer are the innovated nasalpresents skįlù (skylù) `split off, get a tear' and the full grade skeliù, skélti `split', also `strike fire (ùgnį) (from a stone)', the last of which is also found in Germ., e.g. ONord. skilja `separate, distinguish'. Diff. again MLG schelen `id.' (PGm. * skelōn; type Lat. secāre), Arm. c'elum `split' (u-pesent; anlaut unclear), Hitt. iškallāi- `split, tear apart' (formation uncertain; s. Kronasser Etymologie $ 200 f., 214). -- The Greek derivv. go all back on ungeminated σκαλ-, which must not be old, but may have originated after σφαλ- (: σφάλλω), θαλ- (: θ άλλω) etc. Sophie Minon ( RPh. LXXIV 282) reconstructs *skl̥h₁-ye\/o-, assuming that the laryngeal disappeared in this position, after Pinault 1982, 265-272; cf. LIV 500. On σκαλαθύρω s.v. -- To the same formal system, but independent of σκάλλω, belong also σκαλμός `thole', σκῶλος, σκόλοψ etc.; s. vv. A clear separation from the semant. cognate κολάπτω, κόλος, κλάω, κελεός etc. cannot be achieved; [not here σκύλλω]. -- The non-Greek formations are innumerable; on this WP. 2, 590ff., Pok. 923ff. w. rich lit.Page in Frisk: 2,715-716Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκάλλω
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2 σκέπαρνος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `axe for working wood, chip-axe' (Od., S. Fr. 797, hell. a. late), metaph. as des. of a chirurgical bandage (Hp.).Other forms: - ον n.Compounds: As 2. member a.o. in ἀμφι-σκέπαρνος `smoothened on both sides' (Miletos, Didyma).Derivatives: σκεπάρν-ιον n. `pillar' (Didyma IIa), - ηδόν adv. `like a kind of σ.-bandage' (Hp.), - ίζω `to work with a σ.' (Hero), with ( ἀπο-)-ισμός m. (medic.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin] (S)Etymology: An IE etymology can be constructed, if one accepts a combination of ρ- and ν-suffixes (Solmsen Wortforsch. 210; cf. Bechtel Lex. s. v. and Specht Ursprung 350) and connects a in Balto-Slavic widely represented group of words, e.g. Russ. ščepátь `split, crumble, diminish', Latv. šk̨ẽpele `split off piece, sherd'. To this are also to be connected the words discussed under κόπτω and σκάπτω; s. vv. w. lit.; to this Vasmer s. ščepá and Fraenkel s. skẽpeta. To avoid the anyhow awkward ρν-suffix, Niedermann IF 37, 149 f. assumes a metathesis from *σκέρπανος, to IE sker-p- in NHG Scherbe, schürfen etc. etc. (cf. κρώπιον and σκορπίος w. lit.); a hypotetical supposition. So like many other instrument names a LW [loanword] (Schwyzer 491 w. lit.)? -- To be rejected Güntert Reimwortbild. 128. -- No doubt a Pre-Greek word.Page in Frisk: 2,724Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκέπαρνος
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3 ἀναπλέω
A sail upwards, go up-stream, στεινωπὸν ἀνεπλέομεν we sailed up the strait, Od.12.234, cf. Hdt.2.97, 4.89; sail up the Hellespont, X.HG4.8.36:—[voice] Pass.,ἀναπλεῖται ἐκ θαλάττης ὁ Πάδος Plb.2.16.10
.2 put out to sea,ἐς Τροίην νήεσσιν ἀναπλεύσεσθαι Il.11.22
, cf. And.1.76, Decr. ap. D.18.184;ἀ. ἐπὶ τρόπαιον IG2.471.28
.4 overflow, Ael.NA10.19.II sail back, Hdt.1.78; of fish, swim back, Id.2.93.2 metaph. of food, return from the stomach, for rumination, Ael.NA2.54.III become loose, split off, of bone-splinters, Hp.Fract.24; ὀδόντες ἀναπλέουσι the teeth fall out, Id.Epid.4.19, cf. ἀναπλείω; of chalk-stones, come away, Orib.Syn.9.58.2.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀναπλέω
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4 σχίζη
σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem nom /voc sg (attic epic ionic)——————σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem dat sg (attic epic ionic)σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem dat sg (attic epic ionic)σχίζωsplit: pres subj mp 2nd sgσχίζωsplit: pres ind mp 2nd sgσχίζωsplit: pres subj act 3rd sg -
5 σχίζω
σχίζω fut. σχίσω; 1 aor. ἔσχισα. Pass.: fut. 3 sg.; aor. ἐσχίσθην; pf. ptc. pl. ἐσχισμένοι Is 36:22 (Hom. Hymns et al.; pap, LXX, Test12Patr; JosAs 14:3; ParJer 2:5; Philo; Jos., Ant. 8, 207; 20, 97)① to divide by use of force, split, divide, separate, tear apart, tear off lit. τὶ someth.ⓐ act. τὸ ξύλον split the wood (Antig. Car. 142 ξύλον σχίσας; Paradoxogr. Flor. 9; Paroem. Gr.: Apostolius 7, 24a) Ox 1 recto, 8 (GTh 77; cp. Eccl 10:9, also Gen 22:3; 1 Km 6:14 and see ἐγείρω 10). τὸ καινὸν σχίσει he will tear the new Lk 5:36b. Cp. J 19:24. ἐπίβλημα ἀπὸ ἱματίου σχ. tear (off) a patch from a garment Lk 5:36a (cp. Jos., Ant, 8, 207).ⓑ pass. be divided, be torn, be split αἱ πέτραι ἐσχίσθησαν the rocks were split Mt 27:51b (cp. Is 48:21; TestLevi 4:1; PTebt 273, 43; 52 λίθος σχισθείς). Of the curtain in the temple (s. καταπέτασμα) ἐσχίσθη (it) was torn (cp. Anacr. 95b Diehl; as portent, cp. Plut., Dem. 894 [12, 3] of Athena’s robe, which was rent [ἐρράγη] during a procession) Lk 23:45; εἰς δύο (cp. schol. on Apollon. Rhod. 4, 282–91b p. 281, 10 W. σχίζεται εἰς δύο; Polyb. 2, 16, 11 εἰς δύο μέρη; PGM 13, 262 σχίσον εἰς δύο=in two) Mt 27:51a; Mk 15:38 (D + μέρη). Of a net J 21:11. Of the dome of heaven Mk 1:10 (JosAs 14:4 ἐσχίσθη ὁ οὐρανός; Himerius, Or. [Ecl.] 32, 14 οὐρανὸν σχίσας for a divine announcement, to bring from the house of Zeus a pure soul, τῶν θείων φασμάτων παρʼ ἡμᾶς τὴν οὐσίαν διαπορθμεύουσαν=who communicates to us the nature of the divine appearances).② to tear apart a group through conflicting aims or objectives, fig. ext. of 1ⓐ act. cause a division/schism IPhld 3:3 (cp. Dionys. Alex. in Eus., HE 6, 45).ⓑ pass. become divided/disunited (X., Symp. 4, 59 ἐσχίσθησαν, καὶ οἱ μὲν …, οἱ δέ) ἐσχίσθη τὸ πλῆθος Ac 14:4; 23:7 (cp. Diod S 12, 66, 2 τοῦ πλήθους σχιζομένου κατὰ τὴν αἵρεσιν; Celsus 3, 10; Ps.-Lucian, Asin. 54 εἰς δύο γνώμας).—B. 564; 845. DELG. M-M. TW. -
6 σχίζω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to split, to cut, to separate' (Pi., Hdt., Att. etc.).Other forms: Aor. σχίσ(σ)αι (Od.), pass. σχισθ-ῆναι (P 316), fut. - ήσομαι, act. σχίσω, perf. midd. ἔσχισμαι (hell. a. late).Derivatives: A. With unchanged root-auslaut: 1. σχίδα σχίδος σινδόνος, ῥῆγμα (cod. π-) H. like κλάδ-α acc. sg. (Schwyzer 507); if not Dor. or hell. nom. (Kretschmer Glotta 10, 170); as 2. member in ἀπο-, δια-, παρα-σχίδες pl. (rarely sg. - σχίς) f. `secessions, branchings etc.' (medic. a.o.). 2. σχίδ-αξ, - ᾰκος m. `split wood, piece of wood, splinter' (LXX, D. S. a.o.) with - ακηδόν, ὑπο- σχίζω - ακώδης (medic.); cf. χάραξ, κάμαξ a.o. 3. σχίδος την ἀπόσχισιν H.; but - σχιδής, e.g. in ἀ-, ἀκρο-, νεο- σχίζω (hell. a. late) directly from the verb. 4. σχίδ-ια ὠμόλινα H., Lat. schidia f. sg. `chip of wood' (Vitr.). 5. σχιδανός (as πιθανός) in σχίζω - πους (Arist.) = σχιζό-πους `with split feet, toes' (Arist.). -- B. With altered root-auslaut: 1. σχίζα f. `split wood, piece of wood etc.' (Hom., Ar., pap. a.o.), `shaft, javelin' (LXX,AP); from *σχίδ-ι̯α or adapted to σχίζω (Schwyzer 474); dimin. - ίον n. (Poll., Alciphr.); - ίας m. `lath, lath-like' (Cratin., Dikaiarch., hell. pap. a.o.). 2. σχιστός (ἄ- σχίζω etc.) `split' (Hp., Att.). 3. σχίσις ( ἀπό-, διά- a.o.) f. `split, carving' (Pl., Arist. etc.). 4. σχισ-μός ( δια-, περι-, ὑπο-, ἐν-) m. `id.' (A. Ag. 1149, Delph. inscr., pap. a.o.); - μα (also w. ἀπό-, διά- a.o.) n. `split, tear' (Arist., Thphr. etc.); - μή f. `id.' (LXX, H.); from - σμο-, - σμα or from σχιδ-μ- reshaped (Schwyzer 321 a. 493).Etymology: The above words form a system built on an IE basis, which was richly developed inside Greek. For closer comparison esp. the following form can be used: 1. ἀπο-σχίδ-ες = Skt. apa-chíd- f. `section, clipping'. 2. σχιστός = Lat. scissus (from * scid-to-s), Av. a-sista-; diff. Skt. chinná- (from *chid-ná-). 3. Aor. σχίσαι, - ασθαι: Skt. aor. midd. chit-s-i (cf. the reserved remarks in Schwyzer 751). 4. A trace of the old nasalpresent in Lat. sci-n-dō, Skt. chi-ná-d-mi, pl. chi-n-d-ánti `cut off, split' not retained in σκινδάλαμος etc. s.v.. On the other hand the yod-present σχίζω is isolated and is like the other verbforms notably a Greek. innovation. Against identification of σχίζεται and the Skt. pass. chid-yá-te Wackernagel Unt. 133. Beside σχίζω stands with full grade Lith. skíedžiu `separate, divide'. 5. Independent of σχίσις (innovation; cf. πίστις) is Skt. ví-chitti- `interruption'. -- Further cognates, a.o. Arm. c'tim (from * c'it-im) `tear itself, scratch', for Greek without direct interest, in Bq, WP. 2, 543 f., Pok. 920f., W.-Hofmann s. scindō w. lit. -- Lat. LW [loanword] scheda f. `stroke of papyrus' from *σχίδη (or σχίδα?; s. above A. 1), also `concept' through influence of schedium n. `unprepared speech, draft, scetch' = late- a. NGr. σχέδιον `id.' (on the meaning s. σχέδιος to σχεδόν), σχεδάριον; on this till Ital. schizzo, Fr. esquisse, NHG Skizze; s. Kretschmer Glotta 10, 168 ff. == Other words mentioned by Frisk but not cognate with σχίζω s.vv: σκινδαλ(α)μός, σκινδύλιον, σκιδαρόν, σκοιδ-.Page in Frisk: 2,838-840Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σχίζω
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7 σπολάς
σπολάς, - άδοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `leather harness, jerkin' (S. Fr. 11, Ar., X.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin] (V)Etymology: Formation in - άς from a verbal noun *σπόλος, *σπολή. If prop. `(torn off) skin', with ( ἀ)σπάλαξ (s. v.; ?) from a verb for `split, tear off' (IE * sp(h)el-), to which belong also σπόλια τὰ παρατιλλόμενα ἐρίδια ἀπὸ τῶν σκελῶν τῶν προβάτων (formally = Lat. spolia), ἄσπαλον σκῦτος H., prob. also Thess. (IG 9: 2 p. XI [IIa]) σπόλος `pole' (= `split wood') [this seems quite doubtful to me]. However σπολεύς `kind of bread' (Philet. ap. Ath. 3, 114e) may be wrong for σποδεύς (s. on σποδός). -- From other languages: Lat. spolium `torn off animal skin, equipment taken from the enemy, taken off equipment', Lith. spãlis `beard, einzelne (Flachs)schäbe (= parts of the stalk of flax)', pl. spãliai `parts of the stalk (Schäben)', Germ., e.g. NHG spalten etc.; s. WP. 2, 677ff., Pok. 985ff., W.-Hofmann s. spolium, Hiersche Ten. aspiratae 193 f.; everwhere w. lit.; on the adduced Indian words also Mayrhofer s. phálati. Cf. on στέλλω; also ψαλίς. - Clearly the same word as ἄσπαλον, so a Pre-Greek word.Page in Frisk: 2,771Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπολάς
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8 μερίζω
μερίζω, [dialect] Dor. [suff] μερῐδαρχ-ίσδω, Bion 2.31: [dialect] Att. [tense] fut. -ιῶ Pl.Prm. 131c: [tense] aor.Aἐμέρισα Nicom.Com.1.27
; [dialect] Dor. part.μερίξας Ti.Locr.99d
: [tense] pf.μεμέρικα D.H.Pomp.4
:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. - ίσομαι Sopat. in Rh.8.306 W., - ιοῦμαι LXX Pr.14.18: [tense] aor.ἐμερισάμην Is.9.24
, etc.: [tense] pf.μεμέρισμαι D.47.34
(v.l. νενέμημαι):—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. ,μερισθήσομαι Plot.4.3.8
, 6.4.4: [tense] aor. , etc.: [tense] pf.μεμέρισμαι Id.Prm. 144b
, D.15.5, etc.: ([etym.] μερίς):—divide, distribute, Pl. Prm. 131c;μ. τὸ ἄπειρον Arist.Ph. 204a34
;μ. [ἀρχήν] τινα εἰς πλείους Id.Pol. 1321b37
; καθ' ἕκαστον εἶδος πολιτείας μ. make a division, ib. 1304b19: abs., split up the amount, ib. 1268b15: Arith., μ. τι παρά τι, εἴς τι, divide by.., Dioph.4.33,34, al.: abs., Gal.5.223.2 assign a part, allot,ἐφ' ἕκαστον μ. τὸ φιλεῖν Arist.MM 1213b5
; μ. τοὺς τόκους πρὸς τὸν πλοῦν allot the interest according to the voyage, i.e. pay only a part of it, if a part only of the voyage has been performed, D.56.49; allot, assign spheres of duty, τινι PHamb.24.6 ([voice] Pass.); apportion, allocate funds, IG22.29.18, al., SIG577.22 (Milet., iii/ii B.C. ) ([voice] Pass., IG22.1672.116,al.);τὸ μὲν εἰς δαπάνην, τὸ δ' εἰς θησαυρισμόν Phld.Oec.p.71
J., cf. Sto.339.15, Metrod.Herc.831.13; bestow, POxy. 713.29 (i A.D.), etc.; κατὰ τόπους μ. τὰς ἀναγραφάς divide, arrange them, D.H.Th.9; μ. τινὰ τοῖς ποιηταῖς, i. e. make one a theme for several tragedies, Him.Ecl.4.18:—[voice] Pass., to be delivered over, εἰς ὕβριν καὶ δουλείαν Chor.p.216 B.II [voice] Med., μερίζεσθαί τι divide among themselves,χρήματα Din.1.10
, cf. Theoc.21.31;τι μετά τινος D.34.18
;πρός τινα τὴν ἀρχήν Hdn.3.10.6
; take possession of, τι D.34.35; ἠρόμην αὐτὸν πότερα μεμερισμένος εἴη πρὸς τὸν ἀδελφόν whether he had gone shares with his brother, Id.47.34.2 c. gen. rei, get a portion of, Is.9.24.III [voice] Pass., to be divided,κατὰ μέρος X.An.5.1.9
(s. v.l.);ἐπὶ πολλά Hp.Insomn.86
;τὸ μερίζεσθαι τὰς οὐσίας εἰς ὁποσονοῦν πλῆθος Arist.Pol. 1265b3
; μ. πρὸς ἑκάστην διοίκησιν (sc. αἱ πρόσοδοι) are distributed, ib. 1321b32; ἐς πᾶσαν πεῖραν μ. make attempts in every direction, App.BC4.78, cf. Luc.DDeor.24.1;μερίζεταί τι ἀπό τινος Id.Nav.8
.2 to be dispersed,ὕδωρ ὑπὸ πυρὸς μερισθέν Pl.Ti. 56d
; to be split up,ἄνθρωπος πληγῇ τινι μεριζόμενος Democr.32
: metaph., have divided interests, disperse one's energy, Chor.p.11 B.; also, to be split into parties or factions, Plb.8.21.9, App.BC1.1, Hdn.3.10.4; μεμέρισται ὁ Χριστός; 1 Ep.Cor.1.13. -
9 σχίζης
σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem gen sg (attic epic ionic)σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem gen sg (attic epic ionic)——————σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem dat pl (epic)σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem dat pl (epic ionic)σχίζωsplit: pres subj act 2nd sg -
10 ἀποσχίζω
A split, cleave off, ἀπὸ δ' ἔσχισεν αὐτήν [τὴν πέτρην] Od. 4.507; tear off, E.Alc. 172, Opp.H.2.623.2 sever, detach from,τινὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ συμμαχικοῦ Hdt.6.9
; ἀ. Αυδούς part them off, separate them, Pl.Plt. 262e;τὴν ἰδίαν ψυχὴν τῆς τῶν λογικῶν M.Ant.4.29
:— [voice] Pass., ἀποσχισθῆναι ἀπό.., of a river being parted from the main stream, Hdt.2.17, 4.56; of a tribe detached from its parent stock, Id.1.58, 143;ἀπὸ τῆς μεγάλης φλεβὸς -σχίζεται Arist.HA 514b10
: c. gen.,ἀποσχισθέντες τῆς ἄλλης στρατιῆς Hdt.8.35
, cf. 7.233, Pl. Plt. 267b, etc.:—[voice] Med., separate oneself, Id.Lg. 728b;τοῦ σοφιστοῦ Lib.Or.3.24
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀποσχίζω
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11 ῥάκος
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `rag, schred, wrinkles, remnants' (Od.).Other forms: often pl. ῥάκεα, -η.Derivatives: 1. Dimin. ῥάκιον, pl. - ια n. (Ar. a.o.); 2. ῥακώματα pl. = ῥάκη (Ar.; enlarged, Chantraine Form. 187); 3. ἀπορ\<ρ\> ακίσματα H. to ῥάκη (: *ἀπο-ρρακίζειν); 3. adj. ῥάκ-ινος (hell. inscr.), - όεις (AP), - ώδης (D. C., AP) `tattered, wrinkled'; 4. Uncertain (spoiled Debrunner IF 23, 14) ῥακωλέον ῥάκος H. (: ῥωγαλέος a.o.); 5. Denom. vb. ῥακ-όομαι `to become ragged, wrinkled' (Hp., Plu.) with - ωσις f. `wrinkling, wrinkledness' (Sor.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: For ῥάκεα, -η stands Aeol. βράκ-εα (Sapph. 57), -η (Theoc. 28, 11), but in the sense of `(long) ladies' garments'; to this βράκος κάλαμος, ἱμάτιον πολυτελές H. Other formation: βράκαλον ῥόπαλον, βράκετον δρέπανον, κλαδευτήριον H.; cf. (without dissim.) ῥάκετρον `chopping-knife' (Poll.; v. l. ῥάχ- [after ῥάχις]) with - ετρίζω `split, cut through' (Pl. Com.). The deviating meaning `ladies' garments' creates doubt whether βράκεα, - ος in this sense belong here (s. Belardi Doxa 3, 199 f. with another, very doubtful etymology). The other words can be connected without difficulty with ῥάκος from Ϝράκος, with βράκαλον after ῥόπαλον, σκύταλον; βράκετ(ρ)ον seems to be a primary nom. instr., which like ῥάκος presupposes a primary verb, approx. aor. 2. *ῥακεῖν. -- No connection outside Greek. Old is the comparison with Skt. vrścáti `hew, fell (trees), split', with yūpa-vrask-á- `post-cutter' and the ptc. vr̥k-ṇá- `hewn, felled', which may stand for *vr̥ṣk-ṇá- and so makes a possible basis *ŭr̥k-nó- (= Gr. *Ϝρακ-) unnecessary. The from this reconstructed IE *u̯resk-, *u̯rosk- has a variant in the Slav. word for `rumple' (cf. ῥάκος, also `rumple'), e.g. Russ.-CSl. vraska from *u̯orsk-ā. Toch. A wraske `disease' is phonetically unclear and lies semant. far off. For IE *u̯resk-, u̯ersk- one could reconstruct an older *u̯reḱ-sk-, *u̯erḱ-sk-, through which the connections with u̯r̥ḱ- in ῥάκος would be established. An IE *u̯r̥ḱ- can however be found in the Indo-Iran. word for `tree' (prop. *'a felled tree'), Skt. vr̥kṣá-, Av. varǝša- m., IE *u̯r̥ḱ-s-o- beside *u̯r̥ḱ-os- in ῥάκος (s. Lidén in WP. 1, 286); then we have to abandon vr̥k-ṇá- \< IE *u̯rk-nó-. -- Cf. WP. l.c., Pok. 1163 (m. Lit.). Older lit. in Bq. -- Cf. ῥίνη, ῥινός.Page in Frisk: 2,640-641Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥάκος
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12 στέλλω
στέλλω, - ομαιGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `to put in order, to make ready, to equip, dress with weapons, clothes etc.; to prepare (for a journey), to dispatch'; also `to furl, take in the sails, to tie up, to constrain'; midd. esp. `to summon, to fetch, to prepare (for a journey), to set off' (also act. intr.). `to dress'.Other forms: Aor. στεῖλαι, - ασθαι (Il.), Aeol. ἀπο-, ἐπι-στέλλαι, fut. στελ-έω (β 287 a.o.), -ῶ, - οῦμαι (Att.). Aor. pass. σταλ-ῆναι (Pi., IA.), - θῆναι (hell.), perf. pass. ἔσταλμαι (IA.), act. ἔσταλκα (Att.), ἔστολα (gramm.).Compounds: Very often w. prefix with variaous shades of neaning, e.g. ἀπο-, δια-, ἐπι-, κατα-, περι-, συν-, ὑπο-. As 2. member e.g. ἰδιό-στολος `having one's own equipment, equipped at one's own expense, making one's own journey' (Plu. a.o.), πυγο-στόλος adjunct of γυνή (Hes. Op. 373; on the debated meaning Martinazzoli Par. del Pass. 15, 203ff.); ναυ-στολ-έω `to send on a ship, to navigate, to steer (a ship)' (Pi., S., E., late prose; ναύ-στολος only A. Th. 858 [lyr.; doubted]; cf. ναυ-μαχέω, οἰνο-χοέω a.o. in Schwyzer 726); ἀκρο-στόλ-ιον n. `decorated end of the rostrum' (Callix., Str., D.S. etc.); ἀπόστολ-ος (: ἀπο-στέλλω) m. `envoys, fleet-expedition' (IA.), `apostle' (LXX, NT). As 2. member e.g. μελανό-στολος `with a black garment' (Plu.).Derivatives: A. 1. στόλος m. `equipment (of a campaign), campaign by water and by land, fleet, army, troop, legion, march' (Pi., IA.); also `rostrum' (Pi., trag.)`outgrowth, stump, appendage' (Arist.); cf. below. 2. στολή (Aeol. σπόλα; cf. below) f. `armor', usu. `dress, garment' (IA.), `obstruction, pressure, constraint' (Epicur., medic.); ἀπο-, δια- ἐπι-στολή a.o. (: ἀπο-στέλλω) `sending resp. extension, mission or letter' (IA. etc.) with ἀποστολ-εύς m. `officials for equipping and dispatching the fleet' (Att.) a.o., s. Bosshardt 53 f. From this the dimin. στόλ-ιον n. (Delos IIa, AP a.o.); στολ-άς f. `jacket' (Ael.); στολ-ίς f. `dress', pl. `folds' (E., Arist. etc.) with - ίδιον, - ιδώδης, - ιδόομαι, - ίδωμα, - ιδωτός. - From στολή and στόλος: στολ-ίζω, also w. κατα-, συν-, ὑπο- `to place in order, to equip, to dress' (Hes. Op. 628, E., hell. a. late), - ισις, - ισμα, ισμός, - ιστής, - ιστήριον, - ιστεία; - άζομαι `to dress' in ἐστολάδαντο (metr. inscr. Marathon IIp; cf. ἐρράδαται a.o. Schwyzer 672). -- 3. στολμός m. `equipment, clothing' (A., E.). -- B. στέλμα στέφος, στέμμα H. (correct?); στελμονίαι ζώματα H. (= X. Cyr. 6, 1); cf. ἁρ-μον-ία a.o., Scheller Oxytonierung 58f. -- C. 1. - σταλ-μα, only from the prefixed ἐπι-στέλλω etc.: ἐπί-, διά-, ἀπό-σταλμα n. `public mission etc.' (Thphr., pap.). 2. διασταλ-μός m. `assessment' (pap. VIp). 3. στάλ-σις f. `obstruction' (Gal.), διά- στέλλω `destination, treaty' (LXX). 4. ἀνα-, δια-, περι- etc. - σταλτικός (late). --5. On στάλιξ s. v.Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [1019] * stel- `put (up), stand'; also [985] * spel- `split'?Etymology: The above forms form in spite of all semantic differentiation a well kept together formal system. Outside the wide semantic cadre are, however, στόλος in the sense of `ships beak a.o.', a meaning which seems difficult to connect with στέλλω `prepare, equip, send out', but which can without difficulty be connected with στελεά, στέλεχος, στήλη [which in my view do not belong to στέλλω]. When judging the etymology some seemingly Aeolic, mostly only lexically attested forms with σπ- (against inscr. ἀπο-, ἐπι-στέλλαι) must not be overlooked: σπελλάμεναι στειλάμεναι, σπολεῖσα σταλεῖσα, εὔσπολον εὑεί-μονα, εὑσταλέα, κασπέλλει (cod. - έλη) στορνύει (all H.); σπόλα = στολή (Sapph.), κασπολέω (- σπελ-?) ὑποστορέσω (Sapph., H.). So ΙΑ. στελ-, Aeol. σπελ- from IE skʷel- (lit. in Persson Beitr. 1, 422)? After Bechtel Dial. 1, 125f. (with Schulze; cf. on this Hamm Grammatik 15 w. n. 3) in IA. στέλλω IE * stel- `send' and skʷel- `equip' (from where Aeol. σπελ-) would have fallen together. The difficulty to find IE * skʷel- back in other languages, as well as the meagre documentation of the σπ-forms both arouse suspicion against such a supposition. For some of the relevant words ( σπόλα, εὔσπολος) one might sonsider a connection with IE * spel- `split' (s. σπολάς). -- Exact cognates outside Greek are missing. Nearest comes Arm. steɫc-anem, aor. steɫc-i `prepare, creare' with unclear c (ɫc from l + s with Pedersen KZ 39, 427 ?); beside it steɫn, pl. steɫun-k` `stem, stalk, twig' (cf. στέλεχος, στελεά). Also several other words go back on IE * stel-, but deviate semantically from στέλλω: Alb. shtiell `wind up, reel up, collect' (IE * stel-n-ō); Germ. nouns as OE stela m. `stalk of a plant', OWNo. stiolr m. `tail-bone', NNorw. stjøl `stalk, stem' (\< * stelu-; cf. στελεχος, στελεά). Here belong also the unclear OWNo. stallr m. `constitution, crib, stable', OHG stal m. `living, seat, stable' (to which stellen) from PGm. * stalla- or * staðla-(IE * stol-no- or * st(h)h₂-dhlo- [to st(h)ā- `stand'; s. ἵστημι]); Skt. sthálam n. `continent, earth-bottom', sthálā f. `raised earth' etc. (cf. on στήλη). -- Further forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 643ff., Pok. 1019f., W.-Hofmann s. locus; older lit. also in Bq. -- The evidence for IE origin is meagre; could the word be Pre-Greek?Page in Frisk: 2,786-788Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στέλλω
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13 σχίζησ'
σχίζῃσι, σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem dat pl (epic ionic)σχίζῃσι, σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem dat pl (epic ionic)σχίζῃσι, σχίζωsplit: pres subj act 3rd sg (epic) -
14 σχίζῃσ'
σχίζῃσι, σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem dat pl (epic ionic)σχίζῃσι, σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem dat pl (epic ionic)σχίζῃσι, σχίζωsplit: pres subj act 3rd sg (epic) -
15 σχίζησι
σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem dat pl (epic ionic)σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem dat pl (epic ionic)σχίζωsplit: pres subj act 3rd sg (epic) -
16 σχίζῃσι
σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem dat pl (epic ionic)σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem dat pl (epic ionic)σχίζωsplit: pres subj act 3rd sg (epic) -
17 σχίζησιν
σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem dat pl (epic ionic)σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem dat pl (epic ionic)σχίζωsplit: pres subj act 3rd sg (epic) -
18 σχίζῃσιν
σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem dat pl (epic ionic)σχίζαpiece of wood cut off: fem dat pl (epic ionic)σχίζωsplit: pres subj act 3rd sg (epic) -
19 δέρω
δέρω Ar.V. 485, Pl.Euthd. 285c, etc.:—also [full] δείρω Hdt.2.39, Ar. Nu. 442, Av. 365, Cratin.361: [tense] impf.Aἔδερον Il.23.167
, [dialect] Ep.δέρον Od. 8.61
: [tense] fut. : [tense] aor.ἔδειρα Il.2.422
, ([etym.] ἀπ-) Hdt.5.25, ([etym.] ἐκ-) Pl.R. 616a:—[voice] Med., v. ἀναδέρω:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.δᾰρήσομαι Ev.Marc.13.9
, POxy. 653b (ii A.D.): [tense] aor. ἐδάρην [ᾰ] Men.Mon. 422, ([etym.] ἀπ-) X.An. 3.5.9, ([etym.] ἐκ-) Hdt.7.26; part.δαρθείς Nicoch.8
: [tense] pf. δέδαρμαι (v. infr.):— skin, flay, of animals,δ. βοῦς Il.23.167
: prov., κύνα δ. δεδαρμένην 'flog a dead horse', Pherecr.179; ἀσκὸς δεδάρθαι to have one's skin flayed off, Sol.33.7; δερῶ σε θύλακον κλοπῆς I will make a thief's purse of your skin, Ar.Eq. 370: prov., πρὶν ἐσφάχθαι δέρεις 'first catch your hare, then cook it', Eust.1792.45; ἀέρα δέρειν 'plough the sands', Id.1215.50, Suid.2 Anat., separate by avulsion, Herophil. ap. Gal. 2.349.II colloquially, cudgel, thrash, , cf. Nu. 442, POxy. l.c. (ii A. D., [voice] Pass.): prov., ὁ μὴ δαρεὶς ἄνθρωπος οὐ παιδεύεται 'spare the rod and spoil the child', Men. l. c., cf. SIG1109.91 (ii A.D.): metaph.,εἰς πρόσωπόν τινα δ. 2 Ep.Cor.11.20
. (Cf. Lith. derù 'flay', Skt. dṛṇā´ti 'split'.) -
20 περισχίζω
A slit and tear off,ἐσθῆτα Plu.Cic.36
, Luc.DMeretr.8.1 ; (ii A. D.); slit open, Arist.HA 550a30 :—[voice] Pass.,π. τῷ μετώπῳ κόμη Poll.2.25
.II [voice] Pass., of a river, περισχίζεσθαι τὸν χῶρον to split round a piece of land, i.e. divide into two branches and surround it, Hdt.9.51 ;π. περὶ τὸ χωρίον Plb.3.42.7
, etc.: abs., of a stream of men, part and go different ways,περιεσχίζοντο ἔνθεν καὶ ἔνθεν Pl.Prt. 315b
; of light, αὐγὴ πολλαχοῦ π. Plu.2.407e, cf. Thphr.Ign.52 ; of sound, Sch.Poll.2.116.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > περισχίζω
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