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1 συντέμνω
συντέμνω pf. συντέτμηκα. Pass.: aor. 3 pl. συνετμήθησαν Da 9:24 Theod.; pf. 3 sg. συντέτμηται Da 5:27; ptc. συντετμημένος to put a limit to someth., freq. w. implication of abruptness, cut short, shorten, limit (Aeschyl., Thu. et al.; PCairZen 577, 11 [II B.C.]; LXX) of time (Philippides [Com. Att. III 308 Kock] 25 [IV/III B.C.] ὁ τὸν ἐνιαυτὸν συντεμὼν εἰς μῆνʼ ἕνα; Da 5:26–28 LXX; 9:24 Theod.; Jos., Ant. 1, 152) τοὺς καιρούς B 4:3. A passage not only of uncertain interpretation, but fraught w. textual difficulties as well, is λόγον συντελῶν καὶ συντέμνων ποιήσει ὁ κύριος Ro 9:28 (Is 10:22b–23; these two compounds of συν-are also combined in Da 5:26–28 LXX; sim. Da 9:24 Theod.) the Lord will act by accomplishing (συντελέω 2) his word and by shortening or cutting off; in this case the shortening is thought of as referring either to God’s promise to Israel, which will be fulfilled only to a limited degree (RLipsius, BWeiss), or to the Israelite nation, which is to enter into salvation trimmed and cut down, as a (vs. 27) ‘remnant’ (Jülicher, Sickenberger). Others take it to mean: The Lord will act by closing the account and shortening (the time), i.e. God will not prolong indefinitely the period of divine patience (Zahn; sim. also Hofmann and Althaus; cp. the NRSV ‘the Lord will execute his sentence … quickly and decisively’—Mnesimachus [Com. Att. II 436 Kock] 3, 4 [IV B.C.] σύντεμνε=‘make it short, come to the point’; Musonius p. 87, 6 ἵνα συντεμὼν εἴπω=‘in short’; Psellus p. 232, 31 συντεμὼν τὸν λόγον=I will speak concisely; Philostrat., Vi. Apollon. 7, 14 p. 268, 16 λόγους ξυντεμεῖν πάντας=‘bring the speech to a sudden close’. S. CClassen, WienerStud 107/108, ’94/95, 330f on qu. of rhetorical aspect.).—M-M. -
2 βολοί
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3 κολόβωσις
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κολόβωσις
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4 λαγώφθαλμος
λᾰγώφθαλμος, ον, lit.A hare-eyed: hence, unable to close the eye, owing to shortening of the upper eyelid, Dem. Ophth. ap. Aët.7.75, cf. Gal.14.681, Aët.7.2, Paul.Aeg.6.10; v. λαγόφθαλμος:—also [full] λαγωόφθαλμος, Eust.812.2; τὸ λ. this condition of eyes, Gal.19.439.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > λαγώφθαλμος
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5 συναίρεσις
A taking or drawing together, ἡ τῶν ἄκρων εἰς ταὐτὸ ς. Longin.10.3; ς. (sc. καρπῶν) Ath.11.489f; contraction, closing,τῶν διοδευθησομένων Χωρίων Sor.2.59
.2 contraction of front, opp. αὔξησις, Ascl.Tact. 11.7; shortening, reduction of an estimated distance, Ptol.Geog.1.8.3; τοῦ μήκους (of a fractured limb) Sor.Fract.19 ( συνερεισις cod.).3 aggregation, Dam.Pr.96; synthesis, ib. 277, 280; concentration,τῆς νοερᾶς οὐσίας Simp. in Ph.635.32
; generalization, opp. διαίρεσις, Elias in Porph.76.19.4 in Gramm., synaeresis, whereby two vowels are not changed, but coalesce into a diphthong, as ὀϊστός, οἰστός, opp. διαίρεσις, Quint.Inst.1.5.17, A.D.Adv.132.25; but also contraction, as of κύημα to κῦμα, Gal.6.642.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συναίρεσις
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6 ἀΐσσω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `move quickly, dart, rush (upon)' (Il.)Compounds: ἀ- always long in Hom. except ὑπαΐξει (Φ 126; incidental shortening? Chantr. Gramm. hom. 110; ἀΐξῃ (A. R. 3, 1302), elsewhere mostly short. - πολυ-άϊξ, κορυθ-άϊξ; also τριχ-άϊκες? (q.v.).Derivatives: ἀῑκ-ή `Ansturm' (Ο 709); a root noun ἄϊξ in ἀνέμων ἄικας ( ἀίκας?; α and ι long) A.R. 4, 820.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unexplained. Since Osthoff PBBeitr. 8, 271 taken as intensive *Ϝαι-Ϝικ-ι̯ω and compared with Skt. ve-vij-yá-te `to raise, flee, move quickly'. But there is no trace of a F (Solmsen Unt. 189) and the long ι remains unexplained. Danielsson IF 14, 386ff. reconstructs *αἰϜ-ῑκ- and compares αἰόλος.Page in Frisk: 1,45-46Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀΐσσω
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7 ἀλφάνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `earn, fetch' (E.)Compounds: ἀλφεσίβοιος `bringing in (many) oxen' of girls; type τερψίμβροτος, with shortening for *ἀλφησι- as in ἑλκεσίπεπλος.Derivatives: ἀλφή `produce, gain' (Lyc.)Etymology: The thematic aorist ἀλφεῖν agrees, except for the accent, with Skt. árhati `earn' (* h₂elgʷʰ-). ἀλφή corresponds with Lith. algà `wages', but they are prob. independent formations. The Greek aor. from zero grade *h₂l̥gʷʰ-. - On ἀλφαίνω = ἀμείβω in Aetius s. Benvenist, Année sociolog. 1951, 19-20.See also: ἀλφηστήςPage in Frisk: 1,81Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀλφάνω
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8 ἄρδα
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `dirt' (Pherekr. 53).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Unknown. Connection with ἄ̄ρδω `benetzen' is impossible because of the short ἀ- in ἄρδα. The ending has been explained as -ρδι̯ᾰ (\> -ρzδᾰ \> - ρδᾰ) or with secondary shortening from -η, Schwyzer 476 sub 6. Fur. 391f compares δάρδα· μόλυσμα and δαρδαίνει μολύνει H., with δ\/zero? the glosses cannot be ignored. Is it simply loss of δ- through dissimilation, or does it point to a substr. word? (Wrong vW.)Page in Frisk: 1,134Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄρδα
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9 ἄφρα
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `kind of plaster' (Aët. 15, 14).Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: Perh. a shortening of ᾽Αφροδίτη in the same sense (Aetius).Page in Frisk: 1,196Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄφρα
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10 ἔλεος 1
ἔλεος 1.Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `compassion, pity'; acc. to Schadewaldt Herm. 83, 131ff. rather `pain, lament, commotion' as `compassion'; criticism by Pohlenz ibd. 84, 49ff. (Il.).Other forms: hell. also n., s. Schwyzer-Debrunner 38 w. n. 2)Compounds: As 2. member in νηλ(ε)ής, - ές `without compassion, pitiless' (Il.), \< *n̥-h₁leu̯ēs; beside it ἀν-ηλεής `id.' (And., hell.).Derivatives: ἐλεόν as adv. `pitiful' (Hes. Op. 205), ἐλ(ε)εινός `rousing compassion, plaintive' (Il.), (after ἀλ(ε)γεινός and adj. in - εινός (Chantr. Form. 195f.) rather than from late τὸ ἔλεος; ἐλεήμων `compassionate, pitiful' (ε 181, Att., hell.), from ἐλεέω (cf. Chantraine 173), with ἐλεημοσύνη `compassion' (Call.), `alms' (LXX, NT); with inner shortening ἐλεημο-ποιός `giving alms' (LXX); ἐλεητικός = ἐλεήμων (Arist.; from ἐλεέω). Denomin. verbs: ἐλεέω, aor. ἐλεῆσαι `show compassion' (Il.) with ἐλεητύς = ἔλεος (ξ 82, ρ 451; Porzig Satzinhalte 182; on the semantics Benveniste Noms d'agent 66); ἐλεήμων, ἐλεητικός s. above; ἐλεαίρω `id.' (Il.; ἐλέηρα A. R. 4, 1308) after ἐχθαίρω a. o. (Risch 249; not from *ἐλε-Ϝαρ with Benveniste Origines 112 and Schwyzer 724); βλεερεῖ οἰκτείρει. Βοιωτοί H. mistake for ἐλεαίρει?Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [??] *h₁leu̯- `compassion?'Etymology: No etymology. Origin in interjection (cf. ἐλελεῦ, ὀλολύζω etc.) is possible (Pok. 306). Also Bq.Page in Frisk: 1,490Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔλεος 1
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11 ἐλεφαίρομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `deceive' (Ψ 388, τ 565), also `damage, destroy' (Hes. Th. 330).Other forms: Aor. ptc. ἐλεφηράμενοςDialectal forms: Myc. erepairo? \/Elephairōn?\/Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: In H. also active forms ( ἐλεφαίρειν, ἐλεφῆραι), explained with ( ἐξ)απατᾶν, βλάπτειν, ἀδικεῖν. Old, rarely occurring epic expression with unstable meaning, of unclear formation und uncertain etymology. The ending - αίρω seems to point to an r-stem (*ἔλεφαρ?), but could also be suffixal. The stem recurs in PN Έλεφ-ήνωρ, but could stand for *Ελεφηρ-ήνωρ with dissimilatory shortening (Sommer Nominalkomp. 170 n.2). From Greek one compares ὀλοφώϊος `deceiving, noxious', which is itself unclear. An acceptable connection would be Lith. vìlbinti `allure, befool'. Cf. Bechtel Lex. s. v., and Schwyzer 724 w. n. 11. Goto, Kuryɫowicz Memorial Volume 1, 1995, 365-370 suggests to connect Skt. upa-valha-te `to puzzle, confuse by means of riddle' (the Skt. -h- does not agree).Page in Frisk: 1,493Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐλεφαίρομαι
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12 ἑλίχρυσος
Grammatical information: m.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: From the gold-yellow flower (Strömberg Pflanzennamen 25). Like e. g. ἑλειοσέλινον also ἑλειόχρυσος is a compound of ἕλειος χρυσός (to ἕλος?) understandable, after the compp. with ἀγρι(ο)-, e. g. ἀγρι-έλαιος = ἄγριος ἔλαιος (see Risch IF 59, 257). In ἑλι- a further shortening after ἄγρι-, αἰγι-, καλλι- etc. Strömberg 153 thinks it is a loan. The locus in Alcman (16) has no digamma; cf. Solmsen Unt. 146. The variant ἑλειό- is considered by DELG as a fault or a `étymologie populaire déraisonnable', which makes it possible that it is a Pre-Greek word.Page in Frisk: 1,496Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἑλίχρυσος
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13 ἔλλοψ
ἔλλοψ, - οποςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: 1. poet. adj. of ἰχθῦς (Hes. Sc. 212), in this function also ἔλλοπος (Emp. 117) and ἐλλός (S. Aj. 1297, Ath. 277d); of κούρα (Theoc. Syrinx 18); 2. poet. for `fish' in general (Lyk.); 3. name of a great, rare and expensive fish, which is compared, and identified with, a sturgeon (Arist.); in this meaning usually written ἔλοψ (Epich., Archestr., Plu.), Lat. (h)elops; 4. name of a snake (Nic. Th. 490).Derivatives: Denom. verb ἐλλοπιεύω `fish' (Theoc. 1, 42); note ἐλλόπιδας acc. pl. (Crat. 408 acc. to H.; - οδες EM 331, 53), acc. to H. a. o. = τοὺς στρουθοὺς η νεοττοὺς ὄφεως; unclear ἀλλοπίης adj. of τράχουρος (Numen. ap. Ath. 7, 326a).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The ancients explained the word either as `dumb' or as `scaly', the first with an impossible etymology. The meaning `scaly' is interpreted as ἔλλοπος \< *ἔν-λοπος, prepositional bahuvrihi of λοπός `scale'; the shortened form ἔλλοψ would be after animal's names in - οψ (metri causa?); a second analogical shortening (cf. αἶθοψ: αἰθός) gave ἐλλός. Remains the single λ in ἔλοψ, Lat. (h)elops; as this notation seems to indicate a special fish, ἔλοψ could be of foreign origin. This would mean a cross of a foreign fish name with an inherited adjective - Cf. Thompson s. v. and Strömberg Fischnamen 30f. - The interchange λ\/λλ is frequent in Pre-Greek (Fur. 387); further we find ο\/α and π\/β: ἀλ(λ)άβης (Str. 17,2,4, Ath. 7, 312b; PTeb.), ἔλαψ (Gp.); interchange - αβ-\/- οπ- is well known. Fur. 107; here also ἀλλοπίης. So we prob. have a pre-Greek word fo a great fish. I reconstruct *alya\/op\/b-, see Beekes, Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,500Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔλλοψ
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14 ἤβολος
Grammatical information: adj.Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: Prob. archaising shortening from ἐπήβολος. Diff. Prellwitz Glotta 19, 126 (s. on ἀβολέω).Page in Frisk: 1,620Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἤβολος
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15 ἠχη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `sound, noise' (Il.)Other forms: Dor. ἀχάCompounds: As 2. member e. g. in ὑψ-ηχής `high neighing ( ἵππος, Il.); ἄντ-ηχος `sounding against' (Ph.) to ἠχή, ἦχος or ἠχέω.Derivatives: ἠχήεις `sounding, making noise' (Il.; with shortening ἠχέεντα Archil. 74, 8; s. Schwyzer 246). - ἠχώ, Dor. ἀχώ f. `sound, noise', also personified (h. Hom., Hes. Sc., Pi., A.). - ἦχος m. (sec. n.; Schwyzer 512) = ἠχή with ἠχώδης (Hp., hell.); also as PN Ϝᾶχος (Ark.), shortname like Ϝᾶχυς (Cor. Chalcid.). ἠχέω, aor. ἠχῆσαι, often with prefix, e. g. ἀντ-, ὑπ-, `sound, rustle, give a sound' (Hes.); with ἀντ-ήχημα, - ήχησις, ἠχέτης, - τᾰ ( ἀχ-) `who gives sound, cicada' (Hes.; also from ἦχος, Schwyzer 500, Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 165), ἠχητής Hes. with ἠχητικός `sounding' (late), ἠχεῖον `drum' (Ph., Plu.). - On ἰάχω, ἰαχή s. v.Etymology: Behind ἠχή from *Ϝᾱχά̄, with ἠχώ and sec. ἦχος (cf. κόμπος, τάραχος), stands a root noun or an uncharacterized verb. These were replaced by innovations, ἠχ-ή and the derived, rather deverbative (cf. e. g. κηλεω and Schwyzer 720) than denominative ἠχέω. Beside it stands a primrry reduplicated present with zero grade Ϝι-Ϝᾰ́χ-ω, s. ἰάχω. - The expressive forms ἠχή, ἠχέω have, as expected, no exact parallels in other languages. Close are Lat. vāgīre `wail' (with IE -g-), and a few Baltic and Germanic words with initial su̯-, e. g. Lith. svagiù, -ėti `sound' (IE -g(h)-), OE swōgan `sound' (IE - gh- as in ἠχή). Fick GGA 1894, 237, Hoffmann BB 26, 132, Bezzenberger BB 27, 152. - See W.-Hofmann s. vāgiō.Page in Frisk: 1,646-647Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἠχη
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16 θέα
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `seeing, looking at, contemplation, aspect' (IA).Compounds: As 1. member in θεωρός `spectator, envoy at a feast', s. v.Derivatives: Θᾱΐς f. PN (D. S.). - θεάομαι, Ion. θηέομαι, Dor. θαέομαι (with θάμεθα [Sophr.] and other contracted forms; Bechtel Dial. 2, 191), also with prefix, e. g. ἐκ-, κατα-, συν-, `look at, behold' (Il.) with several verbal nouns: 1. θέαμα, θέημα `sight, spectacle' (Semon., A.); 2. θέασις `contemplation, insight' (Gal., Porph.); 3. θατύς (Dor. \< *θαατύς) ἴκριον (= `bank in theater'), θεωρεῖον, ἐς θατύν εἰς θεωρίαν H.; 4. θέατρον, θέητρον `place for spectators, theater' (IA) with several compp. and derivv., e. g. ἀμφι-θέατρος prop. bahuvrihi `with place for spectators around' ( ἱππόδρομος, στοά), subst. - ον `amphitheater' (D. H., Str.), θεατρικός, θεατρίζω, θεατρισμός; 5. θεατής, θεητής `spectator' (IA) with θεατικός (Arr.); 6. θηητήρ (φ 397), θατήρ (B. 9, 23) `id.'; 7. θεήμων `id.' ( APl.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: As basis of θέα etc. we can assume *θᾱϜα; (the -α of Att. θέα from θεάομαι? s. Schwyzer 188 w. n. 2). From *θά̄Ϝᾱ, *θήϜη, θέα (with shortening η \> ε; Schwyzer 349) we can explain θᾱ(Ϝ)έομαι, θη(Ϝ)έομαι (with αο \> εο; Schwyzer 242f.), θεάομαι without difficulty as denominatives. Or it is an iterative-intensive deverbative (Schwyzer 720) with θέη, θέα as back-formations; this seems indicated by the chronology. Another primary noun is prob. θῆβος (= θῆϜος) θαῦμα with θήγεια (= θήϜεια) θαυμαστά, ψευδῆ and θηταλά (= θηϜαλά) θαυμαστά, ψεύδεσιν ὅμοια H. - No cognates; wrong combinations in Bq, 832. Wrong Szemerényi Glotta 33, 256 (*θά̄Ϝα from IE *dhm̥su̯ā etc.). See on θαῦ-μα s.v.Page in Frisk: 1,656-657Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θέα
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17 ἰοχέαιρα
Grammatical information: adj..Meaning: attribute of Artemis, also used as substantive (Hom.; Pi. P. 2, 9 [with shortening of the ἰ-], poet. inscr.), also of the φαρέτρα (AP 6, 9); also name of the viper (Nic. Fr. 33).Etymology: Since antiquity mostly explained as `shaking out arrows, arrow-shootress, from ἰός `arrow' and χέω, cf. δούρατ' ἔχευαν Ε 618; through learned play by Nic. referring to ἰός `poison'. The 2. member was shaped after χίμαιρα, γέραιρα a. o. (Schwyzer 452 a. 475, Chantraine Formation 104); as it never existed as an independent word, it cannot be seen whether it is derived from an ρ-stem *χέϜ-αρ (Benveniste Origines 27) or from an ν-stem ( πίειρα: πίων, πέπειρα: πέπων). - However, Heubeck Beitr. z. Namenforschung 7, 275ff. derived it (with Pisani; objections by Belardi Doxa 3, 208, Fraenkel Ling. Posn. 4, 96) from ἰός and χείρ as `who has the arrow(s) in her hand'; this is supported by Skt. formations, e. g. íṣu-hasta- `who holds an arrow in the hand', śūla-hasta- `... a lance in...'. On the formal aspects s. on χείρ (s. v.). - Not with Ehrlich Sprachgeschichte 48 as `crying (a) hunting cry' from ἰά `cry' and a verb `call' (Skt. hávate); cf. Kretschmer Glotta 4, 350. Also R. Schmitt, Dicht. u. Dichterspr. 177ff.Page in Frisk: 1,731-732Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἰοχέαιρα
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18 κηώδης
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `full of perfume, sweet-smelling' (Ζ 483, after it D. P. 941); through vowel shortening κεώδης καθαρός; κεῶεν ὄζει εὑωδεῖ H.Derivatives: κηώεις (Hom., AP, Nonn.)Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: From *κηϜώδης or *κηϜόεις (with metr. lengthening) from *κῆϜος n. `fire, incense', verbal substantive of the aor. *κῆϜ-αι `burn', s. καίω. Solmsen Unt. 124f., also Schwyzer 527. Diff. Thieme Studien 60. - Beside the s-stem *κῆϜος there is *κηϜίον ( τεῖχος: τειχίον a. o.) in κήϊα and κεῖα καθάρματα H., further a form with l (not an l-stem) in *κηϜαλ-έος \> κηλέος `burning', s. v.; on the suffixes cf. e. g. ἔτος: ἔταλον, ἄγκος: ἀγκάλη. As however καίω derives from *καϜ- \< *ßkh₂u̯-, if it is IE, a phase with ē is impossible. So the etym. is wrong. Can it be based on καυσ-?Page in Frisk: 1,847Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κηώδης
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19 μεσημβρία
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `midday', as direction `south' (Att. A.);Derivatives: μεσημβρινός (Att.), Dor. (Theoc.) μεσαμβρινός `of the midday, southern' (after the adj. of time in - ινός; cf. Risch Mus. Helv. 2, 17); μεσήμβριος `southern' (Ruf. ap. Orib.), f. μεσημβριάς (Nonn.); also (after Dor. ἀμέρα) τὸ μεσᾱμέριον `on the midday' (Theoc.). Denomin.: μεσημβρ-ιάζω (Pl.), - ίζω (Str.), ptc. - ιάων, - ιόων (AP, A. R.) `pass the midday, culminate', of sun and stars.Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: Abstract formation in - ία from μέσον ἆμαρ or from a (supposed) adj. PGr. *μέσ-ᾱμ(β)ρ-ος, - ιος `of the middle of the day' to the zero grade of ἆμαρ `day'; from this with PGr. shortening μεσ-ᾰμβρ-ία, - ίη (Schwyzer 279) and, with analogical η after ἦμαρ, ἡμέρα, μεσ-ημβρ-ία.Page in Frisk: 2,213Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μεσημβρία
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20 μήν 1
μήν 1Grammatical information: pcleMeaning: confirming particle, `honestly, certainly, true' (Il.).Other forms: Dor. Aeol. μάν.Etymology: Generally connected with the stressing Skt. sma, smā; so IE * sme? From μήν the functionally identical and meaning-related μέν `really, true' can hardly be separated. It must have had then, as with δή-δέ (s. vv.) a vowel shortening, as a result of weakening of its function, which from the epic and Ionic science (?) came to Attic and the other dialect-areas. Leumann Mus. Helv. 6, 85ff. ( = Kl. Schr. 229ff.); extensively on μήν Schwyzer-Debrunner 569f. Cf. μά.Page in Frisk: 2,227Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μήν 1
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shortening — index curtailment, decrease, decrement, deduction (diminution) Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
shortening — butter or other fat used in baking, 1796, from shorten make crumbly (1733), from SHORT (Cf. short) in the secondary sense of easily crumbled (early 15c.), which perhaps arose via the notion of having short fibers. This is also the sense behind… … Etymology dictionary
shortening — ► NOUN ▪ fat used for making pastry … English terms dictionary
shortening — [shôrt′ n iŋ, shôrt′niŋ] n. 1. the act of making or becoming short or shorter 2. edible fat, esp. as used to make pastry, etc. crisp or flaky … English World dictionary
shortening — /shawrt ning, shawr tn ing/, n. 1. butter, lard, or other fat, used to make pastry, bread, etc., short. 2. Phonet. the act, process, or an instance of making or becoming short. 3. Ling. a. the act or process of dropping one or more syllables from … Universalium
Shortening — Shortenings sind Suspensionen von kristallinen Fetten in Öl oder halbflüssigen Fetten. Der deutsche Handelsname ist ungehärtetes Pflanzenfett . Die festen Fette kommen dabei häufig in der stabilen β Modifikation vor und sind nur zu ca. 1% gelöst … Deutsch Wikipedia
shortening — n. (esp. AE) vegetable shortening * * * [ ʃɔːtnɪŋ] (esp. AE) vegetable shortening … Combinatory dictionary