radix+c

rādix, īcis ( gen. plur. radicium, Cassiod. H. E. 1, 1; Jul. Val. Itin. Alex. 32 (75)), f. [Gr. rhiza, a root; rhadix, a shoot or twig; cf. ramus], a root of a plant (cf. stirps).

Lit.

In gen. (mostly in plur.):

radices agere,

to strike root, Varr. R. R. 1, 37 fin.; Ov. R. Am. 106; id. M. 4, 254; Col. 5, 6, 8; Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 127; cf.

infra, II.: capere radices,

to take root, Cato, R. R. 133, 3; Plin. 17, 17, 27, § 123:

penitus immittere radices,

Quint. 1, 3, 5:

emittere radices e capite, ex se,

Col. 3, 18, 6; 5, 10, 13:

descendunt radices,

Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 129:

arbores ab radicibus subruere,

Caes. B. G. 6, 27, 4:

herbas radice revellit,

Ov. M. 7, 226:

radicibus eruta pinus,

Verg. A. 5, 449:

segetem ab radicibus imis eruere,

id. G. 1, 319.— Sing.:

(arbos) quae, quantum vertice ad auras, tantum radice in Tartara tendit,

Verg. G. 2, 292; Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 128; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 150; Ov. H. 5, 147. —

In partic., an edible root, Caes. B. C. 3, 48; esp. a radish:

Syriaca,

Col. 11, 3, 16; 59:

also simply radix,

Pall. 1, 35, 5; Hor. S. 2, 8, 8; Ov. M. 8, 666 al.:

dulcis,

licorice, Scrib. Comp. 170. —

Transf.

The root, i. e. the lower part of an object, the foot of a hill, mountain, etc.— In plur.:

in radicibus Caucasi natus,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52:

in radicibus Amani,

id. Fam. 15, 4, 9:

sub ipsis radicibus montis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 36; 7, 51 fin.; 69; id. B. C. 1, 41; 3, 85, 1 et saep. — In sing.:

a Palatii radice,

Cic. Div. 1, 45, 101; Plin. 37, 10, 66, § 180.—

That upon which any thing is fixed or rests (e. g. the tongue, a feather, a rock); a root, foundation ( poet.; used alike in sing. and plur.):

linguae,

Ov. M. 6, 557:

plumae,

id. ib. 2, 583:

saxi,

Lucr. 2, 102; Ov. M. 14, 713.—

Radix virilis = membrum virile, Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 1, 13.—

Trop., a root, ground, basis, foundation, origin, source (almost entirely in the plur.):

vera gloria radices agit atque etiam propagatur,

Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:

virtus altissimis defixa radicibus,

id. Phil. 4, 5, 13:

audeamus non solum ramos amputare miseriarum, sed omnes radicum fibras evellere,

id. Tusc. 3, 6, 13:

facilitatis et patientiae,

id. Cael. 6, 14:

Pompeius eo robore vir, iis radicibus,

i. e. so deeply rooted, firmly established in the State, id. Att. 6, 6, 4:

illic radices, illic fundamenta sunt,

Quint. 10, 3, 3:

a radicibus evertere domum,

from its foundation, utterly, Phaedr. 3, 10, 49:

ex iisdem, quibus nos, radicibus natum (C. Marium),

i. e. a native of the same city, Cic. Sest. 22, 50; Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 1; cf. in sing.:

Apollinis se radice ortum,

Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 72:

ego sum radix David,

Vulg. Apoc. 22, 16 et saep.—

Of words,

origin, derivation, Varr. L. L. 6, 5, 61; 7, 3, 88 al.

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• Couch potato

• The love of money is the root of all evil. Avarice is the problem, money itself is not evil

lāser ( lāsar), ĕris, n., the juice of the plant laserpitium, assafœtida.

Lit.:

laser e silphio profluens,

Plin. 22, 23, 49, § 101; cf.:

cujus sucum vocant laser,

id. 19, 3, 15, § 38:

laser Cyrenaicum vino diluere,

Col. Arb. 23.—Jestingly of Maecenas: laser Arretinum, Aug. ap. Macr. S. 2, 4, 12. —Form lasar:

lasaris radix,

Apic. 8, 7.—

Meton., the plant laserpitium itself:

laseris radix,

Plin. 19, 8, 43, § 153; Scrib. Comp. 192: 196.

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a-stringo ( ads-, Ritschl, Baiter, Halm, Jahn, Keil; as-, Fleck., Merk., Kayser), inxi, ictum, 3, v. a., to draw close, to draw, bind, or tie together, to bind, to tighten, contract (syn.: constringo, stringo, alligo, obligo, vincio).

Lit.:

(hunc) adstringite ad columnam fortiter,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 25:

ad statuam astrictus est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 42:

manus,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 9:

vinculorum, id est aptissimum... quod ex se atque de iis, quae adstringit quam maxume, unum efficit,

Cic. Tim. 4 fin.:

astringit vincula motu,

Ov. M. 11, 75:

laqueos,

Sen. Ira, 3, 16:

artius atque hederā procera adstringitur ilex,

is twined around with ivy, Hor. Epod. 15, 5:

adstringi funibus,

Vulg. Ezech. 27, 24:

aliquem adstringere loris,

ib. Act. 22, 25:

pavidum in jus Cervice adstrictā dominum trahat,

with a halter round his neck, Juv. 10, 88 (Jahn, obstrictā): aspice... Quam non adstricto percurrat pulpita socco, not drawn close, loose; poet. for a negligent style of writing, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 174:

Ipse rotam adstringit multo sufflamine consul,

checks, Juv. 8, 148:

balteus haud fluxos gemmis adstrinxit amictus,

Luc. 2, 362:

frontem,

to contract, knit, Mart. 11, 40; Sen. Ep. 106:

labra porriguntur et scinduntur et adstringuntur,

Quint. 11, 3, 81:

frondem ferro,

to cut off, clip, Col. 5, 6, 17 al.; so, alvum, to make costive (opp. solvere, q. v.), Cels. 1, 3; 2, 30.—Of the contraction produced by cold:

nivibus quoque molle rotatis astringi corpus,

Ov. M. 9, 222; so id. Tr. 3, 4, 48; id. P. 3, 3, 26:

ventis glacies astricta pependit,

id. M. 1, 120:

Sic stat iners Scythicas adstringens Bosporus undas,

Luc. 5, 436:

vis frigoris (corpora) ita adstringebat,

Curt. 7, 3, 13; 8, 4, 6.—Hence, also, to make colder, to cool, refresh:

ex quo (puteo) possis rursus adstringere,

Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 25: corpus astringes brevi Salone, Mart. 1, 49, 11 (acc. to Varr. in a pass. sense in the perf., adstrinxi for adstrictus sum, Varr. L. L. Fragm. ap. Gell. 2, 25, 7).—Of colors, to deaden:

ita permixtis viribus alterum altero excitatur aut adstringitur,

Plin. 9, 38, 62, § 134 (diff. from alligare, which precedes;

v. alligo, I. B.).—Also of an astringent, harsh taste: radix gustu adstringit,

Plin. 27, 10, 60, § 85.—

Trop., to draw together, draw closer, circumscribe; to bind, put under obligation, oblige, necessitate:

ubi adfinitatem inter nos nostram adstrinxeris,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 73: vellem, suscepisses juvenem regendum;

pater enim nimis indulgens, quicquid ego adstrinxi, relaxat,

Cic. Att. 10, 6; so,

mores disciplinae severitate,

Quint. 2, 2, 4 Spald.:

ad adstringendam fidem,

Cic. Off. 3, 31, 111:

hac lege tibi meam astringo fidem,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 22:

quo (jure jurando) se cuncti astrinxerant,

Suet. Caes. 84:

hujus tanti officii servitutem astringebam testimonio sempiterno,

to confirm, secure, Cic. Planc. 30 fin. Wund.:

religione devinctum astrictumque,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 42:

disciplina astricta legibus,

id. Brut. 10, 40; id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3:

lege et quaestione,

id. Clu. 155:

suis condicionibus,

id. Quinct. 5:

auditor nullā ejus modi adstrictus necessitate,

id. N. D. 1, 7, 17:

orationem numeris astringere,

id. de Or. 3, 44, 173 et saep.:

adstringi sacris,

to be bound to maintain, id. Leg. 2, 19:

inops regio, quae parsimoniā astringeret milites,

Liv. 39, 1:

ad temperantiam,

Plin. Ep. 7, 1:

ad servitutem juris,

Quint. 2, 16, 9:

illa servitus ad certa se verba adstringendi,

id. 7, 3, 16:

milites ad certam stipendiorum formulam,

Suet. Aug. 49; id. Tib. 18:

me astringam verbis in sacra jura tuis,

Ov. H. 16, 320; 20, 28:

magno scelere se astringeret,

Cic. Phil. 4, 4, 9; id. Sest. 50 fin.; so id. Sull. 29, 82; perh. also id. Pis. 39 fin.; instead of this abl. of class. Latin, we sometimes find in comedy apparently the gen.:

et ipsum sese et illum furti adstringeret,

made guilty of, charged himself with, Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 34:

Homo furti sese adstringet,

id. Poen. 3, 4, 27 (cf.:

Audin tu? hic furti se adligat,

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 39; Draeger, Hist. Synt. I. § 209, regards this as a vulgar extension of the use of the gen. with verbs of accusing, convicting, etc., but Klotz, s. v. astringo, regards it as really an old dative, furtoi furti; cf. quoi cui).—Of reasoning or discourse, to compress, abridge, bring into short compass:

Stoici breviter adstringere solent argumenta,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 6, 13 (cf. id. ib. 3, 10, 22: Haec sic dicuntur a Stoicis, concludunturque contortius); id. Fat. 14, 32:

premere tumentia, luxuriantia adstringere,

Quint. 10, 4, 1 Frotsch., Halm.—Hence, astrictus ( ads-), a, um, P. a., drawn together, tight, narrow, close.

Lit.:

limen astrictum,

shut, Ov. Am. 3, 1, 50:

alvus fusior aut astrictior,

Cels. 1, 3:

corpus astrictum, i. e. alvus dura,

id. 3, 6:

genus morbi astrictum,

costiveness, id. 1 praef.:

gustu adstricto,

of a harsh, astringent taste, Plin. 27, 12, 96, § 121.—

Trop.

Sparing, parsimonious, covetous (not before the Aug. per.):

astrictus pater,

Prop. 3, 17, 18:

adstricti moris auctor,

Tac. A. 3, 55:

parsimonia,

Just. 44, 2.—

Of discourse, compact, brief, concise, short (opp. remissus):

dialectica quasi contracta et astricta eloquentia putanda est,

Cic. Brut. 90, 309:

verborum astricta comprehensio,

id. ib. 95, 327:

est enim finitimus oratori poëta, numeris astrictior paulo,

id. de Or. 1, 16, 70; 1, 16, 60.— Sup. not used.— Adv.: astrictē ( ads-), concisely, briefly (only of discourse):

astricte numerosa oratio,

Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 184.— Comp.:

astrictius dicere,

Sen. Ep. 8 fin., and Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 20:

scribere,

id. ib. 3, 18, 10:

ille concludit adstrictius, hic latius,

Quint. 10, 1, 106.— Sup. not used.