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narrow

  • 1 angustus

    narrow, limited, strait, tight, constricted.

    Latin-English dictionary of medieval > angustus

  • 2 substrictus

    narrow, contracted, small.

    Latin-English dictionary of medieval > substrictus

  • 3 artus

        artus (not arctus), adj. with comp. and sup.    [1 AR-], close, strait, narrow, confined, short: laquei: saltus, L.: compages, V.: nexus, O.: toga, narrow, H.: convivia, i. e. crowded, H.: artiores silvae, dense, Cs.: custodia, Ta. — As subst n., a narrow place, narrow passage: in arto, L.: in artius coire, Cu. — Fig., straitened, scanty, small, close, binding: vincula amoris artissima: vinculum ad astringendam fidem: commeatūs, L.—As subst: ne spem sibi ponat in arto, diminish expec<*> tation, O.: desilire in artum, into straits, H.— Needy, indigent, straitened: artis in rebus, O.—As subst: ne in arto res esset, L. — Of sleep, deep: artior somnus. — Narrow, frugal: animus, H.
    * * *
    I
    arta -um, artior -or -us, artissimus -a -um ADJ
    close, firm, tight; thrifty; dense, narrow; strict; scarce, critical; brief
    II
    arm/leg/limb, joint, part of the body; frame (pl.), body; sexual members/organs

    Latin-English dictionary > artus

  • 4 angustum

    angustus, a, um. adj. [v. ango], narrow, strait, esp. of local relations, close, contracted, small, not spacious (syn.: artus, brevis, contractus;

    opp. latus,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92). [p. 120]
    I.
    Lit.:

    fretus,

    Lucr. 1, 720:

    Angustum per iter,

    id. 5, 1132; so Sall. J. 92, 7, and Vulg. Judith, 4, 6; 7, 5:

    pontes angusti,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 17:

    domus,

    id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:

    fauces portūs angustissimae,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 25:

    fines,

    id. B. G. 1, 2 Herz.:

    cellae,

    Hor. S. 1, 8, 8:

    rima,

    id. Ep. 1, 7, 29:

    Principis angustā Caprearum in rupe sedentis,

    on the narrow rock, Juv. 10, 93 Herm., where Jahn reads augusta, both readings yielding an apposite sense:

    porta,

    Vulg. Matt. 7, 13; ib. Luc. 13, 24 al.— Subst.: angustum, i, n., narrowness:

    per angustum,

    Lucr. 4, 530:

    angusta viarum,

    Verg. A. 2, 332:

    pontes et viarum angusta,

    Tac. H. 4, 35.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In angustum concludere, adducere, deducere, etc., to reduce to a strait, i. e. to restrain, confine, etc.:

    ab illā immensā societate humani generis in exiguum angustumque concluditur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 17:

    amicitia ex infinitā societate generis humani ita contracta est et adducta in angustum, ut, etc.,

    id. Am. 5.—Of the passions, to curb, restrain, moderate:

    perturbationes animi contrahere et in angustum deducere,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 10.—
    B.
    Of other things: clavus angustus, the narrow purple stripe upon the tunic, v. clavus:

    spiritus,

    short, difficult, Cic. de Or. 1, 61:

    odor rosae,

    not diffused far, Plin. 21, 4, 10, § 14.—Once also of the point of an arrow = acutus, Cels. 7, 5, n. 2.—
    C.
    Of time, short, brief:

    angustus dies,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 8; Stat. Th. 1, 442:

    nox,

    Ov. Am. 3, 7, 25:

    tempus,

    Luc. 4, 447.—
    D.
    Of means of living, and the like, pinching, scanty, needy:

    pauperies,

    Hor. C. 3, 2, 1:

    res angusta domi,

    Juv. 3, 164:

    mensa,

    Sen. Thyest. 452: domus, poor, i. e. built without much expense, Tac. A. 2, 33.—
    E.
    Of other external relations of life, difficult, critical, uncertain:

    rebus angustis animosus atque Fortis adpare,

    Hor. C. 2, 10, 21:

    cum fides totā Italiā esset angustior,

    was weakened, Caes. B. C. 3, 1.— Subst.: angustum, i, n., a difficult, critical, condition, danger: in angustum cogi, * Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 2:

    res est in angusto,

    the condition is perilous, Caes. B. G. 2, 25:

    spes est in angusto,

    hope is feeble, Cels. 8, 4.—
    F.
    Of mind or character, narrow, base, low, mean-spirited:

    nihil est tam angusti animi, tam parvi, quam amare divitias,

    Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68:

    animi angusti et demissi,

    id. Pis. 24, 57:

    ecce autem alii minuti et angusti, aut omnia semper desperantes, aut malevoli, invidi, etc.,

    id. Fin. 1, 18, 61.—
    G.
    Of learned investigations that lay too much stress upon little things, subtle, hair-splitting:

    minutae angustaeque concertationes,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 31:

    pungunt (Stoici) quasi aculeis, interrogatiunculis angustis,

    id. Fin. 4, 3, 7.—
    H.
    Of discourse, brief, simple:

    et angusta quaedam et concisa, et alia est dilatata et fusa oratio,

    Cic. Or. 56, 187:

    Intonet angusto pectore Callimachus,

    i.e. in simple style, Prop. 2, 1, 40.— Adv.: angustē.
    I.
    Lit., of space, quantity, or number, within narrow limits, closely, hardly: recepissem te, nisi anguste sederem, if I were not in close quarters, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 3:

    anguste putare vitem,

    to prune close, Col. 4, 16, 1; so,

    anguste aliquid deputare,

    id. 4, 22, 3:

    quā (re frumentariā) anguste utebatur,

    in small quantity, Caes. B. C. 3, 16:

    tantum navium repperit, ut anguste quindecim milia militum, quingentos equites transportare possent, = vix,

    scarcely fifteen thousand, id. ib. 3, 2.— Comp.:

    angustius pabulabantur,

    within narrower range, Caes. B. C. 1, 59:

    aliae (arbores) radices angustius diffundunt,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 5:

    quanto sit angustius imperitatum,

    Tac. A. 4, 4:

    eo anno frumentum propter siccitates angustius provenerat,

    more scantily, Caes. B. G. 5, 24.— Sup.:

    Caesar (nitebatur) ut quam angustissime Pompeium contineret,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 45:

    furunculus angustissime praecisus,

    Col. 4, 24, 17. —
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., within narrow limits:

    anguste intraque civiles actiones coërcere rhetoricam,

    Quint. 2, 15, 36.— Comp.: haud scio an recte ea virtus frugalitas appellari possit, quod angustius apud Graecos valet, qui frugi homines chrêsimous appellant, id est tantum modo utiles, has a narrower meaning, Cic. Tusc. 3, 8, 16:

    Reliqui habere se videntur angustius, enatant tamen etc.,

    seem to be more hampered, id. ib. 5, 31, 87.—
    B.
    Esp. of speaking or writing, closely, briefly, concisely, without diffuseness: anguste scribere, Cic. Mur. 13, 28:

    anguste et exiliter dicere,

    id. Brut. 84, 289:

    anguste disserere,

    id. Part. Or. 41, 139:

    presse et anguste rem definire,

    id. Or. 33, 117:

    anguste materiem terminare,

    Quint. 7, 4, 40.— Comp.:

    Pergit idem et urget angustius,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 8, 22:

    concludere brevius angustiusque,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 20.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > angustum

  • 5 angustus

    angustus, a, um. adj. [v. ango], narrow, strait, esp. of local relations, close, contracted, small, not spacious (syn.: artus, brevis, contractus;

    opp. latus,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92). [p. 120]
    I.
    Lit.:

    fretus,

    Lucr. 1, 720:

    Angustum per iter,

    id. 5, 1132; so Sall. J. 92, 7, and Vulg. Judith, 4, 6; 7, 5:

    pontes angusti,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 17:

    domus,

    id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:

    fauces portūs angustissimae,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 25:

    fines,

    id. B. G. 1, 2 Herz.:

    cellae,

    Hor. S. 1, 8, 8:

    rima,

    id. Ep. 1, 7, 29:

    Principis angustā Caprearum in rupe sedentis,

    on the narrow rock, Juv. 10, 93 Herm., where Jahn reads augusta, both readings yielding an apposite sense:

    porta,

    Vulg. Matt. 7, 13; ib. Luc. 13, 24 al.— Subst.: angustum, i, n., narrowness:

    per angustum,

    Lucr. 4, 530:

    angusta viarum,

    Verg. A. 2, 332:

    pontes et viarum angusta,

    Tac. H. 4, 35.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In angustum concludere, adducere, deducere, etc., to reduce to a strait, i. e. to restrain, confine, etc.:

    ab illā immensā societate humani generis in exiguum angustumque concluditur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 17:

    amicitia ex infinitā societate generis humani ita contracta est et adducta in angustum, ut, etc.,

    id. Am. 5.—Of the passions, to curb, restrain, moderate:

    perturbationes animi contrahere et in angustum deducere,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 10.—
    B.
    Of other things: clavus angustus, the narrow purple stripe upon the tunic, v. clavus:

    spiritus,

    short, difficult, Cic. de Or. 1, 61:

    odor rosae,

    not diffused far, Plin. 21, 4, 10, § 14.—Once also of the point of an arrow = acutus, Cels. 7, 5, n. 2.—
    C.
    Of time, short, brief:

    angustus dies,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 8; Stat. Th. 1, 442:

    nox,

    Ov. Am. 3, 7, 25:

    tempus,

    Luc. 4, 447.—
    D.
    Of means of living, and the like, pinching, scanty, needy:

    pauperies,

    Hor. C. 3, 2, 1:

    res angusta domi,

    Juv. 3, 164:

    mensa,

    Sen. Thyest. 452: domus, poor, i. e. built without much expense, Tac. A. 2, 33.—
    E.
    Of other external relations of life, difficult, critical, uncertain:

    rebus angustis animosus atque Fortis adpare,

    Hor. C. 2, 10, 21:

    cum fides totā Italiā esset angustior,

    was weakened, Caes. B. C. 3, 1.— Subst.: angustum, i, n., a difficult, critical, condition, danger: in angustum cogi, * Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 2:

    res est in angusto,

    the condition is perilous, Caes. B. G. 2, 25:

    spes est in angusto,

    hope is feeble, Cels. 8, 4.—
    F.
    Of mind or character, narrow, base, low, mean-spirited:

    nihil est tam angusti animi, tam parvi, quam amare divitias,

    Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68:

    animi angusti et demissi,

    id. Pis. 24, 57:

    ecce autem alii minuti et angusti, aut omnia semper desperantes, aut malevoli, invidi, etc.,

    id. Fin. 1, 18, 61.—
    G.
    Of learned investigations that lay too much stress upon little things, subtle, hair-splitting:

    minutae angustaeque concertationes,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 31:

    pungunt (Stoici) quasi aculeis, interrogatiunculis angustis,

    id. Fin. 4, 3, 7.—
    H.
    Of discourse, brief, simple:

    et angusta quaedam et concisa, et alia est dilatata et fusa oratio,

    Cic. Or. 56, 187:

    Intonet angusto pectore Callimachus,

    i.e. in simple style, Prop. 2, 1, 40.— Adv.: angustē.
    I.
    Lit., of space, quantity, or number, within narrow limits, closely, hardly: recepissem te, nisi anguste sederem, if I were not in close quarters, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 3:

    anguste putare vitem,

    to prune close, Col. 4, 16, 1; so,

    anguste aliquid deputare,

    id. 4, 22, 3:

    quā (re frumentariā) anguste utebatur,

    in small quantity, Caes. B. C. 3, 16:

    tantum navium repperit, ut anguste quindecim milia militum, quingentos equites transportare possent, = vix,

    scarcely fifteen thousand, id. ib. 3, 2.— Comp.:

    angustius pabulabantur,

    within narrower range, Caes. B. C. 1, 59:

    aliae (arbores) radices angustius diffundunt,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 5:

    quanto sit angustius imperitatum,

    Tac. A. 4, 4:

    eo anno frumentum propter siccitates angustius provenerat,

    more scantily, Caes. B. G. 5, 24.— Sup.:

    Caesar (nitebatur) ut quam angustissime Pompeium contineret,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 45:

    furunculus angustissime praecisus,

    Col. 4, 24, 17. —
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., within narrow limits:

    anguste intraque civiles actiones coërcere rhetoricam,

    Quint. 2, 15, 36.— Comp.: haud scio an recte ea virtus frugalitas appellari possit, quod angustius apud Graecos valet, qui frugi homines chrêsimous appellant, id est tantum modo utiles, has a narrower meaning, Cic. Tusc. 3, 8, 16:

    Reliqui habere se videntur angustius, enatant tamen etc.,

    seem to be more hampered, id. ib. 5, 31, 87.—
    B.
    Esp. of speaking or writing, closely, briefly, concisely, without diffuseness: anguste scribere, Cic. Mur. 13, 28:

    anguste et exiliter dicere,

    id. Brut. 84, 289:

    anguste disserere,

    id. Part. Or. 41, 139:

    presse et anguste rem definire,

    id. Or. 33, 117:

    anguste materiem terminare,

    Quint. 7, 4, 40.— Comp.:

    Pergit idem et urget angustius,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 8, 22:

    concludere brevius angustiusque,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 20.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > angustus

  • 6 angustus

        angustus adj. with comp. and sup.    [ANG-], narrow, strait, contracted: iter, S.: fines, Cs.: rima, H.: mare, a strait: angustissima portus, Cs.— Fig., short, brief: dies, O.: spiritus, breathing.— Needy, pinching, stinting: pauperies, H.: res, poverty, Iu.: cum fides totā Italiā esset angustior, shaken, Cs.—Critical, difficult: rebus angustis animosus, H.—Of character, narrow, base, little, petty: animus: defensio angustior, less honorable. — Of thought or argument, narrow, trifling, subtle, hairsplitting: concertationes: interrogatiunculae.—Of style, brief, succinct: oratio: quae angustiora parietes faciunt, i. e. less discursive than in the forum.
    * * *
    angusta -um, angustior -or -us, angustissimus -a -um ADJ
    narrow, steep, close, confined; scanty, poor; low, mean; narrowminded, petty

    Latin-English dictionary > angustus

  • 7 contrāctus

        contrāctus adj. with comp.    [P. of contraho], drawn together, compressed, contracted, short, narrow, restricted, limited: nares contractiores habent introitūs: cuticula, wrinkled, Iu.: frons, H.: vestigia vatum, the narrow path, H.: ipsos in usūs locus, too narrow, V. — Fig.: ambitus verborum, brief: studia contractiora, more limited: paupertas, stinted, H.: Contractus leget, in retirement, H.
    * * *
    I
    contracta, contractum ADJ
    close/narrow/restricted/pinched; short (time); abridged, terse; restrained
    II
    contracta, contractum ADJ
    violated; dishonored; touched carnally; stolen, purloined, taken by stealth
    III
    shrinking/narrowing; undertaking; legal/commercial agreement/contract

    Latin-English dictionary > contrāctus

  • 8 contraho

    con-trăho, xi, ctum, 3, v. a., to draw or bring several objects together, to collect, assemble (freq. and class.).
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit. (syn. colligo;

    opp. dissipo): quae in rerum naturā constarent quaeque moverentur, ea contrahere amicitiam, dissipare discordiam,

    Cic. Lael. 7, 24:

    cohortes ex finitimis regionibus,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 15:

    exercitum in unum locum,

    id. B. G. 1, 34; cf.:

    omnes copias Luceriam,

    Cic. Att. 8, 1, 2; and:

    omnia in unum locum,

    id. ib. 8, 11, B, 3:

    omnes copias eo,

    Nep. Ages. 3, 1:

    navibus circiter LXXX. coactis, contractisque,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 22; cf.:

    magnam classem,

    Nep. Con. 4, 4:

    naves,

    Suet. Calig. 19:

    agrestes,

    Ov. F. 4, 811:

    captivos,

    Liv. 37, 44, 3:

    utrumque ad colloquium,

    id. 28, 18, 2:

    undique libros,

    Suet. Aug. 31; cf.

    exemplaria,

    id. Gram. 24:

    muscas in manu,

    Plin. 12, 25, 54, § 122; cf.

    serpentes,

    id. 28, 9, 42, § 151: ii, qui in idem (collegium) contracti fuerint, Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 34 (43), 1—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To bring about, carry into effect, accomplish, execute, get, contract, occasion, cause, produce, make, etc. (very freq.):

    amicitiam,

    Cic. Lael. 14, 48:

    vinculum amicitiae,

    Val. Max. 4, 7 init.:

    aliquid litigii,

    Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 31; cf.

    lites,

    id. Capt. prol. 63: qui hoc [p. 458] mihi contraxit, id. Cas. 3, 2, 21; cf.:

    negotium mihi,

    Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 9; and:

    numinis iram mihi (arte),

    Ov. M. 2, 660:

    bellum Saguntinis,

    Liv. 24, 42, 11:

    aliquid damni,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 91:

    molestias,

    id. Fam. 2, 16, 5; cf. Sall. H. 2, 41, 8 Dietsch:

    aes alienum,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8, § 25:

    causam certaminis,

    Liv. 22, 28, 4; cf.

    certamen,

    id. 23, 26, 11; 25, 34, 10 al.:

    necessitates ad bellum,

    id. 44, 27, 12:

    culpam,

    to incur, Cic. Att. 11, 24, 1 al.:

    cruditatem,

    Quint. 7, 3, 38; cf. id. 2, 10, 6:

    morbum,

    Plin. 30, 8, 21, § 65:

    pestilentiam,

    id. 36, 27, 69, § 202:

    saginam corporis,

    Just. 21, 2:

    causam valetudinis ex profluvio alvi,

    Suet. Aug. 97 fin. et saep.: porca contracta, owed, due, sc. for the expiation of a crime, Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 57 fin.
    2.
    In the lang. of business, t. t., to make a contract, conclude a bargain, to contract:

    rationem, rem cum illo,

    Cic. Clu. 14, 41; cf. id. Off. 1, 17, 53; id. Sull. 20, 56; id. Att. 7, 7, 7:

    in tribuendo suum cuique et rerum contractarum fide,

    id. Off. 1, 5, 14:

    ex rebus contrahendis,

    id. ib. 3, 15, 61:

    in contrahendis negotiis,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 40:

    adfinitas inter Caesarem et Pompeium contracta nuptiis,

    Vell. 2, 44, 3 et saep.—
    b.
    Transf. beyond the sphere of business:

    cum aliquo,

    to have intercourse with, to associate with, Cic. Off. 1, 2, 4:

    nihil cum populo,

    id. Tusc. 5, 36, 105.—
    II.
    In partic., with the prevailing idea of shortening or diminishing by drawing together (cf.: cogo, colligo, etc.), to draw close or together, to draw in, contract, shorten, narrow, lessen, abridge, diminish (freq. and class.; opp. porrigo, dilato, tendo).
    A.
    Lit.:

    animal omne membra quocumque volt flectit, contorquet, porrigit, contrahit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 53, 120:

    pulmones tum se contrahunt adspirantes, tum intrante spiritu dilatant,

    id. N. D. 2, 55, 136:

    contractum aliquo morbo bovis cor,

    id. Div. 2, 16, 37; cf.:

    se millepeda tactu,

    Plin. 29, 6, 39, § 136:

    bina cornua (opp. protendere),

    id. 9, 32, 51, § 101: collum. Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 41;

    opp. tendere,

    Quint. 11, 3, 82:

    frontem,

    to wrinkle, contract, Cic. Clu. 26, 72; Hor. S. 2, 2, 125:

    supercilia (opp. deducere),

    Quint. 11, 3, 79:

    medium digitum in pollicem,

    id. 11, 3, 92; cf.:

    contractum genibus tangas caput,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 61:

    gravissimo frigore solus atque contractus vigilabit in lectulo,

    Hier. Ep. 53:

    castra,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 40:

    vela,

    Hor. C. 2, 10, 23; Quint. 12, prooem. § 4; cf. Cic. Att. 1, 16, 2:

    orbem (lunae),

    Ov. M. 15, 198:

    umbras,

    id. ib. 3, 144:

    orationem (with summittere),

    Quint. 11, 1, 45; cf. id. 12, 11, 16:

    tempora dicendi,

    id. 6, 5, 4 et saep.:

    lac,

    to curdle, coagulate, Plin. 23, 7, 63, § 117.—Of bees:

    contracto frigore pigrae ( = contractae frigore pigro),

    Verg. G. 4, 259; cf.:

    pigrum est enim contractumque frigus,

    Sen. Ira, 2, 19, 2:

    horrida tempestas contraxit caelum,

    narrows, Hor. Epod. 13, 1:

    vulnera,

    Plin. 24, 8, 33, § 48; cf.

    cicatrices,

    id. 12, 17, 38, § 77:

    ventrem,

    to stop, check, Cels. 4, 19; cf.

    alvum,

    id. ib.:

    vomitiones,

    Plin. 20, 2, 6, § 11.—
    2.
    Esp., archit. t. t., to narrow, make smaller or tapering:

    columnam,

    Vitr. 4, 3, 4; cf. id. 3, 3, 12; 4, 7, 2:

    pyramis XXIV. gradibus in metae cacumen se contrahens,

    Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 31.—
    B.
    Trop., to draw in, lessen, check, restrain ( = certis limitibus quasi coartare et circumscribere;

    opp. remittere, diffundere): cui non animus formidine divum contrahitur?

    Lucr. 5, 1219; cf.:

    te rogo, ne contrahas ac demittas animum,

    do not suffer your spirits to droop, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4; and:

    animos varietas sonorum (opp. remittere),

    id. Leg. 2, 15, 38: terram quasi tristitiā (sol;

    opp. laetificas),

    id. N. D. 2, 40, 102:

    ut et bonis amici quasi diffundantur et incommodis contrahantur,

    are made sad, id. Lael. 13, 48 (cf. id. Tusc. 4, 6, 14):

    ex quibus intellegitur, appetitus omnes contrahendos sedandosque,

    id. Off. 1, 29, 103; cf.

    cupidmem,

    Hor. C. 3, 16, 39 et saep. —Hence, contractus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to II.), drawn together into a narrow space, i. e. compressed, contracted, close, short, narrow, abridged, restricted, limited, etc.
    A.
    Lit.:

    tanto contractioribus ultimis digitis,

    Quint. 11, 3, 95:

    nares contractiores habent introitus,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 145:

    contractior ignis,

    smaller, Lucr. 5, 569:

    aequora,

    Hor. C. 3, 1, 33; cf.

    freta,

    Ov. F. 6, 495:

    locus (with exiguus),

    Verg. G. 4, 295:

    Nilus contractior et exilior,

    Plin. Pan. 30, 3: contractiora spatia ordinum, Col. 5, 5, 3.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Of language, etc.:

    et brevis ambitus verborum,

    Cic. Brut. 44, 162; cf.:

    contractior oratio,

    id. ib. 31, 120:

    propositum dicendi (opp. uberius),

    Quint. 11, 1, 32:

    summissā atque contractā voce (opp. erectā et concitatā),

    id. 11, 3, 175; so,

    vox,

    id. 11, 3, 64: parvum opusculum lucubratum his jam contractioribus noctibus, Cic. Par. prooem. § 5.—
    2.
    In gen.:

    quae studia in his jam aetatibus nostris contractiora esse debent,

    Cic. Cael. 31, 76:

    paupertas,

    stinted, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20 (cf.:

    angusta pauperies,

    id. C. 3, 2, 1);

    in the same sense transf. to the person: ad mare descendet vates tuus et sibi parcet Contractusque leget,

    retired, solitary, id. ib. 1, 7, 12; cf.

    homo,

    Verg. M. 78.— Adv.: contractē, on a contracted scale; only in comp.:

    assuescamus. servis paucioribus serviri, habitare contractius,

    Sen. Tranq. 9, 3; Lact. 2, 8, 39 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contraho

  • 9 angustia

        angustia ae (sing. very rare), and angustiae, ārum, f    [angustus], narrowness, straitness: itineris, Cs.: loci, S. — Meton., a narrow place, narrow part, neck, defile, strait: Graeciae: angustiae saltibus inclusae, pass, L.—Of time, shortness. ut me temporis angustiae coegerunt: angustiae quas natura nobis dedit (sc. temporis). — Fig., scarcity, want, poverty: aerarii; pecuniae publicae: rei frumentariae, Cs.: pro angustiā rerum, Ta.: ex meis angustiis illius sustento tenuitatem.— Difficulty, distress, perplexity: in angustias adduci: cum in his angustiis res esset, Cs.: petitionis.— Narrowness, meanness: pectoris tui: orationem in angustias compellere, narrowness of view: verborum, verbal trifling.—Of style, brevity, succinctness: angustia conclusae orationis.
    * * *
    narrow passage/place/space (pl.), defile; strait, pass; difficulties; meanness

    Latin-English dictionary > angustia

  • 10 angustum

        angustum ī, n    [angustus], a narrow place: viarum, V.: res adducta in angustum, brought into narrow limits.—Fig., a critical condition, embarrassment, difficulty, danger: rem esse in angusto vidit, Cs.: in angustum venire.
    * * *
    small/confined/narrow space/place/passage, strait, channel; crisis, extremities

    Latin-English dictionary > angustum

  • 11 fretum

        fretum ī, n (abl. also fretū, m, C.)    [FVR-], a strait, sound, channel: fretorum angustiae: freta inter currentia turres, H.: in freto Oceani, narrow sea, Ta.: Siciliense, the Strait of Messina: Siciliae, Cs.: ab Italiā freto diiunctus: actus freto Neptunius Dux (sc. Siciliae), H.: fretum nostri maris et Oceani, i. e. the Strait of Gibraltar, S.— The sea: fretum puppe secare, O.— Plur: In freta dum fluvii current, V.: fretis acrior Hadriae, H.—Fig., a strait, narrow sea: perangusto fretu divisa iura.— A gulf, abyss: in illo aeris alieni tamquam fretu.
    * * *
    sea; narrow sea, straits

    Latin-English dictionary > fretum

  • 12 artum

    1.
    artus (not arctus), a, um, adj. [v. arma], prop. fitted; hence,
    I.
    Lit., close, strait, narrow, confined, short, brief:

    exierunt regionibus artis,

    Lucr. 6, 120:

    claustra,

    id. 1, 70; so id. 3, 808:

    nec tamen haec ita sunt arta et astricta, ut ea laxare nequeamus,

    Cic. Or. 65, 220:

    artioribus apud populum Romanum laqueis tenebitur,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 5:

    nullum vinculum ad astringendam fidem jure jurando majores artius esse voluerunt,

    id. Off. 3, 31, 111:

    compages,

    Verg. A. 1, 293:

    nexus,

    Ov. M. 6, 242:

    arto stipata theatro,

    pressed together in a contracted theatre, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 60:

    toga,

    a narrow toga without folds, id. ib. 1, 18, 30 (cf. exigua toga, id. ib. 1, 19, 13):

    nimis arta convivia,

    i. e. with too many guests, who are therefore compelled to sit close together, id. ib. 1, 5, 29 et saep.—Hence, subst.: artum, i, n., a narrow place or passage:

    ventus cum confercit, franguntur in arto montes nimborum,

    Lucr. 6, 158 Lachm.:

    multiplicatis in arto ordinibus,

    Liv. 2, 50; so id. 34, 15:

    nec desilies imitator in artum,

    nor, by imitating, leap into a close place, Hor. A. P. 134.—
    II.
    Trop., strict, severe, scanty, brief, small:

    sponte suā cecidit sub leges artaque jura,

    subjected himself to the severity of the laws, Lucr. 5, 1147:

    Additae leges artae et ideo superbae quasque etc.,

    Plin. 16, 4, 5, § 12:

    vincula amoris artissima,

    Cic. Att. 6, 2: artior somnus, a sounder or deeper sleep, id. Rep. 6, 10:

    arti commeatus,

    Liv. 2, 34; Tac. H. 4, 26; cf.:

    in arto commeatus,

    id. ib. 3, 13:

    artissimae tenebrae,

    very thick darkness, Suet. Ner. 46 (for which, in class. Lat., densus, v. Bremi ad h. l., and cf. densus) al.—So, colligere in artum, to compress, abridge:

    quae (volumina) a me collecta in artum,

    Plin. 8, 16, 17, § 44.—Of hope, small, scanty:

    spes artior aquae manantis,

    Col. 1, 5, 2: ne spem sibi ponat in arto, diminish hope, expectation, [p. 169] Ov. M. 9, 683:

    quia plus quam unum ex patriciis creari non licebat, artior petitio quattuor petentibus erat,

    i. e. was harder, had less ground of hope, Liv. 39, 32; and of circumstances in life, etc., straitened, distressing, wretched, needy, indigent (so in and after the Aug. per. for the class. angustus):

    rebus in artis,

    Ov. P. 3, 2, 25:

    artas res nuntiaret,

    Tac. H. 3, 69:

    tam artis afflictisque rebus,

    Flor. 2, 6, 31; so Sil. 7, 310:

    fortuna artior expensis,

    Stat. S. 5, 3, 117:

    ne in arto res esset,

    Liv. 26, 17.— Adv.: artē (not arcte), closely, close, fast, firmly.
    I.
    Lit.:

    arte (manus) conliga,

    Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 29:

    boves arte ad stipites religare,

    Col. 6, 2, 5:

    arte continere aliquid,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

    aciem arte statuere,

    Sall. J. 52, 6:

    arte accubare,

    Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 39.— Comp.:

    calorem artius continere,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 25:

    artius astringi,

    Hor. Epod. 15, 5:

    signa artius conlocare,

    Sall. C. 59, 2:

    artius ire,

    Curt. 4, 13, 34:

    artius pressiusque conflictari,

    Gell. 10, 6.— Sup.:

    milites quam artissime ire jubet,

    Sall. J. 68, 4:

    artissime plantas serere,

    Plin. 12, 3, 7, § 16.—
    II.
    Trop.:

    arte contenteque aliquem habere,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 63; id. Merc. prol. 64:

    arte et graviter dormire,

    soundly, Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59:

    arte appellare aliquem,

    briefly, by shortening his name, Ov. P. 4, 12, 10:

    artius adstringere rationem,

    Cic. Fat. 14, 32:

    abstinentiam artissime constringere,

    Val. Max. 2, 2, 8.—
    III.
    Transf.:

    arte diligere aliquem,

    strongly, deeply, Plin. Ep. 6, 8; so also id. ib. 2, 13.
    2.
    artus, ūs, m. [id.], mostly plur. (artua, n., Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 102; quoted in Non. p. 191, 12.—Hence, dat. acc. to Vel. Long. p. 2229 P. and Ter. Scaur. p. 2260 P. artibus; yet the ancient grammarians give their decision in favor of artubus, which form is also supported by the best MSS.; cf. arcus.—The singular is found only in Luc. 6, 754; Val. Fl. 4, 310, and Prisc. p. 1219 P.).
    I.
    A.. Lit., a joint:

    molles commissurae et artus (digitorum),

    Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 150:

    suffraginum artus,

    Plin. 11, 45, 101, § 248:

    elapsi in pravum artus,

    Tac. H. 4, 81:

    dolor artuum,

    gout, Cic. Brut. 60, 217.—Sometimes connected with membra, Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 102:

    copia materiaï Cogitur interdum flecti per membra, per artus,

    in every joint and limb, Lucr. 2, 282; 3, 703 al.; Suet. Calig. 28; cf.

    Baumg.-Crus., Clavis ad Suet.: cernere laceros artus, truncata membra,

    Plin. Pan. 52, 5.—
    B.
    Trop., the muscular strength in the joints; hence, in gen., strength, power: Epicharmeion illud teneto;

    nervos atque artus esse sapientiae, non temere credere,

    Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 10.—More freq.,
    II.
    The limbs in gen. (very freq., esp. in the poets; in Lucr. about sixty times): cum tremulis anus attulit artubus lumen, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 36 Vahl.); so Lucr. 3, 7; cf. id. 3, 488; 6, 1189:

    artubus omnibus contremiscam,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 121: dum nati (sc. Absyrti) dissupatos artus captaret parens, vet. poet. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 26, 67:

    copia concita per artus Omnīs,

    Lucr. 2, 267:

    moribundi artus,

    id. 3, 129 al.:

    rogumque parari Vidit et arsuros supremis ignibus artus, etc.,

    Ov. M. 2, 620 al.:

    salsusque per artus Sudor iit,

    Verg. A. 2, 173; 1, 173 al.:

    veste strictā et singulos artus exprimente,

    and showing each limb, Tac. G. 17:

    artus in frusta concident,

    Vulg. Lev. 1, 6; 8, 20;

    ib. Job, 16, 8.—Of plants: stat per se vitis sine ullo pedamento, artus suos in se colligens,

    its tendrils, Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 13, where Jahn reads arcus.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > artum

  • 13 artus

    1.
    artus (not arctus), a, um, adj. [v. arma], prop. fitted; hence,
    I.
    Lit., close, strait, narrow, confined, short, brief:

    exierunt regionibus artis,

    Lucr. 6, 120:

    claustra,

    id. 1, 70; so id. 3, 808:

    nec tamen haec ita sunt arta et astricta, ut ea laxare nequeamus,

    Cic. Or. 65, 220:

    artioribus apud populum Romanum laqueis tenebitur,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 5:

    nullum vinculum ad astringendam fidem jure jurando majores artius esse voluerunt,

    id. Off. 3, 31, 111:

    compages,

    Verg. A. 1, 293:

    nexus,

    Ov. M. 6, 242:

    arto stipata theatro,

    pressed together in a contracted theatre, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 60:

    toga,

    a narrow toga without folds, id. ib. 1, 18, 30 (cf. exigua toga, id. ib. 1, 19, 13):

    nimis arta convivia,

    i. e. with too many guests, who are therefore compelled to sit close together, id. ib. 1, 5, 29 et saep.—Hence, subst.: artum, i, n., a narrow place or passage:

    ventus cum confercit, franguntur in arto montes nimborum,

    Lucr. 6, 158 Lachm.:

    multiplicatis in arto ordinibus,

    Liv. 2, 50; so id. 34, 15:

    nec desilies imitator in artum,

    nor, by imitating, leap into a close place, Hor. A. P. 134.—
    II.
    Trop., strict, severe, scanty, brief, small:

    sponte suā cecidit sub leges artaque jura,

    subjected himself to the severity of the laws, Lucr. 5, 1147:

    Additae leges artae et ideo superbae quasque etc.,

    Plin. 16, 4, 5, § 12:

    vincula amoris artissima,

    Cic. Att. 6, 2: artior somnus, a sounder or deeper sleep, id. Rep. 6, 10:

    arti commeatus,

    Liv. 2, 34; Tac. H. 4, 26; cf.:

    in arto commeatus,

    id. ib. 3, 13:

    artissimae tenebrae,

    very thick darkness, Suet. Ner. 46 (for which, in class. Lat., densus, v. Bremi ad h. l., and cf. densus) al.—So, colligere in artum, to compress, abridge:

    quae (volumina) a me collecta in artum,

    Plin. 8, 16, 17, § 44.—Of hope, small, scanty:

    spes artior aquae manantis,

    Col. 1, 5, 2: ne spem sibi ponat in arto, diminish hope, expectation, [p. 169] Ov. M. 9, 683:

    quia plus quam unum ex patriciis creari non licebat, artior petitio quattuor petentibus erat,

    i. e. was harder, had less ground of hope, Liv. 39, 32; and of circumstances in life, etc., straitened, distressing, wretched, needy, indigent (so in and after the Aug. per. for the class. angustus):

    rebus in artis,

    Ov. P. 3, 2, 25:

    artas res nuntiaret,

    Tac. H. 3, 69:

    tam artis afflictisque rebus,

    Flor. 2, 6, 31; so Sil. 7, 310:

    fortuna artior expensis,

    Stat. S. 5, 3, 117:

    ne in arto res esset,

    Liv. 26, 17.— Adv.: artē (not arcte), closely, close, fast, firmly.
    I.
    Lit.:

    arte (manus) conliga,

    Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 29:

    boves arte ad stipites religare,

    Col. 6, 2, 5:

    arte continere aliquid,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

    aciem arte statuere,

    Sall. J. 52, 6:

    arte accubare,

    Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 39.— Comp.:

    calorem artius continere,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 25:

    artius astringi,

    Hor. Epod. 15, 5:

    signa artius conlocare,

    Sall. C. 59, 2:

    artius ire,

    Curt. 4, 13, 34:

    artius pressiusque conflictari,

    Gell. 10, 6.— Sup.:

    milites quam artissime ire jubet,

    Sall. J. 68, 4:

    artissime plantas serere,

    Plin. 12, 3, 7, § 16.—
    II.
    Trop.:

    arte contenteque aliquem habere,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 63; id. Merc. prol. 64:

    arte et graviter dormire,

    soundly, Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59:

    arte appellare aliquem,

    briefly, by shortening his name, Ov. P. 4, 12, 10:

    artius adstringere rationem,

    Cic. Fat. 14, 32:

    abstinentiam artissime constringere,

    Val. Max. 2, 2, 8.—
    III.
    Transf.:

    arte diligere aliquem,

    strongly, deeply, Plin. Ep. 6, 8; so also id. ib. 2, 13.
    2.
    artus, ūs, m. [id.], mostly plur. (artua, n., Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 102; quoted in Non. p. 191, 12.—Hence, dat. acc. to Vel. Long. p. 2229 P. and Ter. Scaur. p. 2260 P. artibus; yet the ancient grammarians give their decision in favor of artubus, which form is also supported by the best MSS.; cf. arcus.—The singular is found only in Luc. 6, 754; Val. Fl. 4, 310, and Prisc. p. 1219 P.).
    I.
    A.. Lit., a joint:

    molles commissurae et artus (digitorum),

    Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 150:

    suffraginum artus,

    Plin. 11, 45, 101, § 248:

    elapsi in pravum artus,

    Tac. H. 4, 81:

    dolor artuum,

    gout, Cic. Brut. 60, 217.—Sometimes connected with membra, Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 102:

    copia materiaï Cogitur interdum flecti per membra, per artus,

    in every joint and limb, Lucr. 2, 282; 3, 703 al.; Suet. Calig. 28; cf.

    Baumg.-Crus., Clavis ad Suet.: cernere laceros artus, truncata membra,

    Plin. Pan. 52, 5.—
    B.
    Trop., the muscular strength in the joints; hence, in gen., strength, power: Epicharmeion illud teneto;

    nervos atque artus esse sapientiae, non temere credere,

    Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 10.—More freq.,
    II.
    The limbs in gen. (very freq., esp. in the poets; in Lucr. about sixty times): cum tremulis anus attulit artubus lumen, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 36 Vahl.); so Lucr. 3, 7; cf. id. 3, 488; 6, 1189:

    artubus omnibus contremiscam,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 121: dum nati (sc. Absyrti) dissupatos artus captaret parens, vet. poet. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 26, 67:

    copia concita per artus Omnīs,

    Lucr. 2, 267:

    moribundi artus,

    id. 3, 129 al.:

    rogumque parari Vidit et arsuros supremis ignibus artus, etc.,

    Ov. M. 2, 620 al.:

    salsusque per artus Sudor iit,

    Verg. A. 2, 173; 1, 173 al.:

    veste strictā et singulos artus exprimente,

    and showing each limb, Tac. G. 17:

    artus in frusta concident,

    Vulg. Lev. 1, 6; 8, 20;

    ib. Job, 16, 8.—Of plants: stat per se vitis sine ullo pedamento, artus suos in se colligens,

    its tendrils, Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 13, where Jahn reads arcus.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > artus

  • 14 breve

    brĕvis, e, adj. (abl. breve, Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 2; comp. abl. breviore, Ov. Am. 2, 17, 22) [cf. brachus, Fest. p. 26], short, little, of small extent, in space and time (opp. longus; in space, in good class. prose, diff. from parvus, which designates that which fills a small space in length, breadth, and thickness; while brevis is used only of length in its different directions of breadth, height, or depth; and even of a circle, as merely a line, and without reference to the space enclosed, v. infra. In poets and postAug. prose brevis sometimes = parvus).
    I.
    Lit., in space.
    A.
    In distance, extent, short, little, small, narrow (opp. latus), Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92:

    brevior via,

    Nep. Eum. 8, 5; Tib. 1, 10, 4:

    via brevis,

    Verg. E. 9, 23; Ov. M. 5, 253; Juv. 14, 223:

    cursus brevissimus,

    Verg. A. 3, 507:

    brevius iter,

    Ov. P. 1, 4, 32:

    cursu brevissimus Almo,

    id. M. 14, 329:

    quid mihi, quod lato non separor aequore, prodest? Num minus haec nobis tam brevis obstat aqua?

    so narrow a stream, id. H. 18, 174; cf.

    also brevis unda, opp. latum mare,

    id. ib. 19, 141 and 142:

    non Asiam brevioris aquae disterminat usquam fluctus ab Europā,

    Luc. 9, 957 (strictioris, Schol.); cf. id. 9, 317:

    brevissima terra,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 69, 2:

    in Euboico scopulus brevis emicat altō Gurgite,

    a small, narrow rock, Ov. M. 9, 226:

    brevibus Gyaris,

    Juv. 1, 73:

    scis In breve te cogi (sc. libellum),

    that you are closely rolled together, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 8:

    quo brevius valent,

    the nearer, the more powerful are they in conflict, Tac. A. 6, 35.—
    2.
    Trop. of the journey of life:

    quid est, quod in hoc tam exiguo vitae curriculo et tam brevi tantis nos in laboribus exerceamus?

    Cic. Arch. 11, 28; cf.:

    vitae brevis cursus, gloriae sempiternus,

    id. Sest. 21, 47:

    tum brevior dirae mortis aperta via est,

    Tib. 1, 10, 4.—And poet. of the thread of life:

    fila vitae breviora,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 46. —
    B.
    In height, short, small, low (opp. altus and sometimes longus);

    of the human figure: sed sedebat judex L. Aurifex, brevior ipse quam testis,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 60, 245:

    ut statura breves in digitos eriguntur,

    Quint. 2, 3, 8:

    forma,

    Ov. M. 5, 457:

    (puella) longa brevisque,

    id. Am. 2, 4, 36:

    brevis corpore,

    Suet. Galb. 3;

    id. Vit. Hor.—Of a maiden changed to a boy: et incomptis brevior mensura capillis,

    Ov. M. 9, 789.—

    Of other things: ut pleraque Alpium ab Italiā sicut breviora, ita arrectiora sunt,

    lower, Liv. 21, 35, 11:

    brevior ilex,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 1641:

    mus,

    little, Ov. F. 2, 574. —
    C.
    In depth, small, little, shallow (opp. profundus):

    puteus,

    Juv. 3, 226:

    vada,

    Verg. A. 5, 221; Sen. Agam. 570.—Hence, subst.: brĕvia, ium, n., as in Gr. ta brachea, shallow places, shallows, shoals:

    tris Eurus ab alto In brevia et syrtis urget,

    Verg. A. 1, 111 (brevia vadosa dicit, per quae vadi pedibus potest, Serv.); Luc. 9, 338: neque discerni poterant incerta ab solidis, brevia a profundis, Tac. A. 1, 70:

    brevia litorum,

    id. ib. 6, 33 fin. —Perh. also in sing.:

    breve,

    Tac. A. 14, 29 Draeg. ad loc. (Ritter, brevia; al. breve litus).—
    2.
    Trop.:

    brevia, in quibus volutatur, incerta, ancipitia,

    difficulties, Sen. Ep. 22, 7.—
    D.
    Of the line of a circle:

    ubi circulus (i.e. arcticus) axem Ultimus extremum spatioque brevissimus ambit,

    makes the shortest path, Ov. M. 2, 517; cf.

    of similar orbits, of stars: absides breviores,

    Plin. 2. 15, 13, §

    63.—Of the circular course of a horse on the track: discit gyro breviore flecti,

    Sen. Hippol. 314. —
    II.
    Transf., of time.
    A.
    Lit. (the usu. signif. of the word), short, brief, small, little.
    1.
    In gen.:

    quanto, nox, fuisti longior hac proxumā, Tanto brevior dies ut fiat faciam,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 51:

    breve spatium'st perferundi quae minitas mihi,

    id. Capt. 3, 5, 85:

    brevis hora,

    Lucr. 4, 179; so Ov. M. 4, 696: Pa. Brevin' an longinquo sermone? Mi. Tribus verbis, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 30:

    occasio,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 57; Phaedr. 5, 8, 5:

    brevis hic est fructus homulleis,

    short is this enjoyment for little men, Lucr. 3, 927; cf.:

    MORS. PERFECIT. TVA. VT. TIBE. ESSENT. OMNIA. BREVIA. HONOS. FAMA. VIRTVSQVE. GLORIA. ATQVE. INGENIVM.,

    Inscr. Orell. 558:

    omnia brevia tolerabilia esse debent,

    Cic. Lael. 27, 104; id. Fin. 1, 12, 40; 2, 29, 94; id. Tusc. 1, 39, 94; Sen. Ira, 3, 43, 5:

    quoniam vita brevis est, memoriam nostri quam maxime longam efficere,

    Sall. C. 1, 3; so,

    vitae summa brevis spem nos vetat incohare longam,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 15; cf. id. ib. 1, 11, 6:

    aut omnia breviora aliquanto fuere, aut Saguntum principio anni captum,

    occupied a shorter time, Liv. 21, 15, 5:

    brevissimum tempus,

    id. 5, 6, 7:

    detrimentum,

    Quint. 11, 1, 10:

    arbitrium mortis,

    Tac. A. 15, 60:

    breves populi Romani amores,

    id. ib. 2, 41:

    tempus,

    Suet. Ner. 20 al.:

    nobis quom semel occidit brevis lux, nox est perpetua una dormienda,

    Cat. 5, 5:

    fructus,

    Lucr. 3, 914:

    aevum,

    Hor. C. 2, 16, 17; id. S. 2, 6, 97; id. Ep. 2, 1, 144; Plin. Pan. 78, 2:

    anni,

    Hor. C. 4, 13, 22:

    ver,

    Ov. M. 1, 118; 10, 85:

    flores rosae,

    quickly withering, short-lived, Hor. C. 2, 3, 13:

    lilium,

    id. ib. 1, 36, 16:

    cena,

    frugal, id. Ep. 1, 14, 35:

    mensa,

    id. A. P. 198:

    dominus,

    living but a short time, id. C. 2, 14, 24:

    stultitia,

    id. ib. 4, 12, 27:

    ira furor brevis est,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 62:

    actio brevis atque concisa,

    Quint. 6, 4, 2:

    somnus,

    Sen. Troad. 441:

    nec gratius quicquam decore nec brevius,

    nothing is more acceptable, but nothing more perishable, fading, than beauty, Suet. Dom. 18:

    domus,

    Sen. Hippol. 762:

    fortuna,

    Sil. 4, 734.—
    2.
    Esp.
    a.
    Comp. brevius, with subj. clause, shorter, i.e. easier, more convenient:

    brevius visum urbana crimina incipi, quorum obvii testes erant,

    Tac. A. 13, 43: modo ne existimes brevius esse ab urbe mitti, Trag. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 40 (49), 3.—
    b.
    In brevi spatio, brevi spatio, in brevi tempore, brevi tempore, and absol. brevi or in brevi, in a short time, shortly (before or after) (brevi tempore and brevi are class.; the latter, as in Gr. en brachei, to be considered as neuter, without supplying tempore):

    inque brevi spatio mutantur saecla animantum,

    Lucr. 2, 77; so Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 2; Suet. Claud. 12; id. Ner. 30; cf.:

    in multo breviore temporis spatio,

    id. Aug. 22:

    multa brevi spatio simulacra geruntur,

    Lucr. 4, 160; Sall. J. 87, 3:

    spatio brevi,

    Hor. C. 1, 11, 6:

    res publica per vos brevi tempore jus suum recuperabit,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; 5, 21, 2; id. Tusc. 2, 2, 5; Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 11; Nep. Milt. 2, 1; id. Them. 1, 4; Suet. Caes. 3:

    sic ille affectus, brevi postea est mortuus,

    soon after, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142 (Zumpt;

    acc. to MSS. perbrevi).—So brevi post = paulo post: brevi post Marcellus Romam venit,

    Liv. 33, 37, 9; 24, 3, 14:

    brevi deinde,

    id. 24, 4, 9: (Britanni) tantum usu cotidiano et exercitatione efficiunt, uti in declivi ac praecipiti loco incitatos equos sustinere et brevi ( in a short time, i.e. with great rapidity) moderari ac flectere consuerint, Caes. B. G. 4, 33 fin. Herz. and Held.:

    fama tanti facinoris per omnem Africam brevi divolgatur,

    Sall. J. 13, 1; Nep. Them. 4, 4:

    mirantur tam brevi rem Romanam crevisse,

    Liv. 1, 9, 9:

    brevi omnia subegit,

    Suet. Caes. 34; so id. Aug. 17; 65; id. Vesp. 5; id. Gram. 3; Gell. 1, 15, 18: scire in brevi, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P.; Flor. 1, 1, 15.—
    c.
    Brevi, a short time, a little while: [p. 251] cunctatusque brevi, contortam viribus hastam in Persea misit, Ov. M. 5, 32; cf.:

    illa brevi spatio silet,

    id. ib. 7, 307; so,

    * breve,

    Cat. 61, 187.—
    d.
    Ad breve, for a short time, Suet. Tib. 68; cf.:

    ad breve quoddam tempus,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 31.—
    B.
    Transf. to things done or taking place in a short time; so most freq.
    1.
    Of discourse, short, brief, concise (most freq. in Cic. and Quint.):

    narratio,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 28; id. de Or. 3, 50, 196: laudatio;

    comprehensio et ambitus ille verborum erat apud illum contractus et brevis,

    id. Brut. 44, 162; cf. id. de Or. 2, 80, 326:

    nunc venio ad illa tua brevia: et primum illud, quo nihil potest esse brevius: bonum omne laudabile, etc.,

    id. Fin. 4, 18, 48:

    quam falsa re! quam brevia responsu!

    id. Clu. 59, 164: urbanitas est virtus quaedam in breve dictum coacta, Dom. Mars. ap. Quint. 6, 3, 104:

    Homerus brevem eloquentiam Menelao dedit,

    Quint. 12, 10, 64 (brevis = ou polumuthos, Hom. Il. 3, 214):

    breviores commentarii,

    Quint. 3, 8, 58:

    annotatio,

    id. 10, 7, 31:

    brevia illa atque concisa,

    id. 10, 7, 10; so,

    sententiae,

    id. 10, 1, 60:

    causae,

    id. 6, 1, 8:

    docendi compendia,

    id. 1, 1, 24:

    comprehensiones,

    id. 12, 2, 19:

    quod ut brevissimo pateat exemplo,

    id. 3, 6, 10: commendatio, requiring few words, i.e. moderate, Plin. 11, 42, 97, § 240.— Meton. of a speaker or orator, brief:

    multos imitatio brevitatis decipit, ut cum se breves putent esse, longissimi sint,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 38:

    brevior in scribendo,

    id. Att. 5, 6, 2:

    brevis esse laboro, Obscurus fio,

    Hor. A. P. 25:

    in eloquendo brevis,

    Quint. 10, 1, 63:

    densus et brevis et semper instans sibi Thucydides,

    id. 10, 1, 73.—Hence, brĕvī, adv., briefly, in few words (freq. and class.):

    brevi pro breviter M. Tullius de Orat. ad Quintum fratrem (1, 8, 34): ac ne plura quidem quae sunt innumerabilia consecter, comprehendam brevi,

    Charis. p. 176 P.:

    id percurram brevi,

    Cic. Caecin. 32, 94:

    aliquid explicare,

    id. Planc. 40, 95 Wund.:

    circumscribere et definire,

    id. Sest. 45, 97; so id. ib. 5, 12 Orell. N. cr.; id. Fin. 1, 17, 55:

    complecti,

    id. de Or. 1, 42, 190:

    exponere,

    id. ib. 1, 46, 203:

    reprehendere,

    id. Inv. 1, 9, 12:

    reddere,

    id. Leg. 2, 14, 34:

    respondere,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:

    perscribere,

    id. ib. 4, 5, 1; so Auct. Her. 4, 26, 35; 35, 47 al.; cf.:

    in brevi,

    Quint. 9, 4, 32.—So once in epistolary style: breve facere, to be short or brief:

    quid scribam? breve faciam,

    Cic. Att. 11, 7, 6; cf.:

    longum est ea dicere, sed hoc breve dicam,

    id. Sest. 5, 12.—Once, in breve cogere (diff. from I. A.), to comprise in few words, bring into a small compass:

    in breve coactae causae,

    Liv. 39, 47, 5; cf.:

    in breve coactio causae,

    Gai. Inst. 4, 15.— In late Lat. subst.: brĕvis, is, m. (sc. liber—acc. to another reading, brĕve, is, n.), a short catalogue, summary, = breviarium:

    brevis nominum,

    Vop. Aur. 36; so id. Bonos. 15; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 21; Hier. Ep. 5, n. 2 al.—
    2.
    Of a short syllable;

    rarely as adj.: Syllaba longa brevi subjecta vocatur iambus,

    Hor. A. P. 251:

    a brevis, gre brevis, faciet tamen longam priorem,

    Quint. 9, 4, 86 et saep.—More freq. subst.: brĕvis, is, f. (sc. syllaba):

    dactylus, qui est e longā et duabus brevibus,

    Cic. Or. 64, 217 sq.:

    in fine pro longā accipi brevem,

    Quint. 9, 4, 93; 9, 4, 86:

    plurimum habent celeritatis breves,

    id. 9, 4, 91.—

    Hence also once of a syllable long by position, but pronounced short: indoctus dicimus brevi primā litterā, insanus productā: inhumanus brevi, infelix longā,

    Cic. Or. 48, 159 Meyer N. cr.; cf. Gell. 2, 17 sqq., and Schütz Lex. Cic. s. v. brevis.—
    C.
    For parvus, exiguus, little, small:

    exigua pars brevisque,

    Lucr. 5, 591:

    Canidia brevibus implicata viperis,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 15:

    Alecto brevibus torquata colubris,

    Ov. H. 2, 119:

    brevi latere ac pede longo est,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 93; cf.

    just before: breve quod caput, ardua cervix, v. 89, and brevis alvus,

    Verg. G. 3, 80 (on the other hand, Nemes. 244:

    parvae alvi): mus,

    Ov. F. 2, 574:

    forma (sc. pueri in stellionem mutati),

    id. M. 5, 457.—

    So, lapathi herba,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 29 (brevis = parva, non excrescens in altum, Schol. Cruqu.):

    folia breviora,

    id. Ep. 1, 19, 26 (minor corona, Schol. Cruqu.):

    census,

    id. C. 2, 15, 13:

    pondus,

    id. S. 2, 2, 37:

    impensa,

    Ov. H. 7, 188 Ruhnk.:

    sigillum,

    id. M. 6, 86:

    insulae,

    Pall. 1, 28, 1; cf. Juv. 1, 73: vasculum, Pall. Apr. 8, 4:

    offulae,

    id. 1, 29, 4:

    pantheris in candido breves macularum oculi,

    Plin. 8, 17, 23, § 62.—With nom. abstr.:

    breve in exiguo marmore nomen ero,

    Prop. 2, 1, 72; Sen. Oedip. 935.—So, pondus, Hor. S. 2, 2, 37 al.—Hence, brĕ-vĭter, adv., shortly, briefly, etc.
    1.
    Of space (acc. to I.) (rare): seu libeat, curvo brevius convertere gyro, shorter, i. e. in a smaller circle, Tib. 4, 1, 94:

    parvo brevius quam totus,

    a little less than the whole, Plin. 2, 67, 67, § 168:

    Sarmatae, omisso arcu, quo brevius valent, contis gladiisque ruerent,

    Tac. A. 6, 35.—Far more freq. in prose and poetry,
    2.
    (Acc. to II. A. b. and c.) Of time, in a short time.
    a.
    In gen.:

    iratum breviter vites, inimicum diu, Publ. Syr. v. 249 Rib.: sapiens, cum breviter et strictim colore atque vultu motus est,

    Gell. 19, 1, 20.—
    b.
    Esp.
    (α).
    In expression, briefly, in brief, in few words, concisely, summarily:

    sed breviter paucis praestat comprendere multa,

    Lucr. 6, 1082: multa breviter et commode dicta (sc. apophthegmata; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104) memoriae mandabam, Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

    rem totam breviter cognoscite,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 169; 2, 3, 27, § 67; so id. de Or. 2, 83, 340:

    summatim breviterque describere,

    id. Or. 15, 50:

    breviter tangere,

    id. Off. 3, 2, 8 Beier N. cr.:

    breviter et modice disserere,

    Sall. J. 111, 1:

    adicere aliquid,

    Quint. 9, 3, 100; cf. also Verg. A. 2, 11; 4, 632; 6, 321; Ov. M. 2, 783:

    omnia soli Forsan Pacuvio breviter dabit (i.e. paucis testamenti verbis, quibus heres ex asse scribetur),

    Juv. 12, 125 Web. (cf. id. 1, 68: beatum exiguis tabulis).— Comp., Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 26; Quint. 8, prooem. § 1; 8, 6, 61; 9, 2, 16; 10, 1, 49; 11, 1, 5 al.— Sup., Cic. N. D. 2, 1, 3; id. Div. 1, 32, 70; Quint. 1, 10, 1; 4, 2, 113 al.—
    (β).
    Of syllables:

    quibus in verbis eae primae litterae sunt quae in sapiente atque felice, producte dicitur, in ceteris omnibus breviter,

    Cic. Or. 48, 159.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > breve

  • 15 brevi

    brĕvis, e, adj. (abl. breve, Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 2; comp. abl. breviore, Ov. Am. 2, 17, 22) [cf. brachus, Fest. p. 26], short, little, of small extent, in space and time (opp. longus; in space, in good class. prose, diff. from parvus, which designates that which fills a small space in length, breadth, and thickness; while brevis is used only of length in its different directions of breadth, height, or depth; and even of a circle, as merely a line, and without reference to the space enclosed, v. infra. In poets and postAug. prose brevis sometimes = parvus).
    I.
    Lit., in space.
    A.
    In distance, extent, short, little, small, narrow (opp. latus), Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92:

    brevior via,

    Nep. Eum. 8, 5; Tib. 1, 10, 4:

    via brevis,

    Verg. E. 9, 23; Ov. M. 5, 253; Juv. 14, 223:

    cursus brevissimus,

    Verg. A. 3, 507:

    brevius iter,

    Ov. P. 1, 4, 32:

    cursu brevissimus Almo,

    id. M. 14, 329:

    quid mihi, quod lato non separor aequore, prodest? Num minus haec nobis tam brevis obstat aqua?

    so narrow a stream, id. H. 18, 174; cf.

    also brevis unda, opp. latum mare,

    id. ib. 19, 141 and 142:

    non Asiam brevioris aquae disterminat usquam fluctus ab Europā,

    Luc. 9, 957 (strictioris, Schol.); cf. id. 9, 317:

    brevissima terra,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 69, 2:

    in Euboico scopulus brevis emicat altō Gurgite,

    a small, narrow rock, Ov. M. 9, 226:

    brevibus Gyaris,

    Juv. 1, 73:

    scis In breve te cogi (sc. libellum),

    that you are closely rolled together, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 8:

    quo brevius valent,

    the nearer, the more powerful are they in conflict, Tac. A. 6, 35.—
    2.
    Trop. of the journey of life:

    quid est, quod in hoc tam exiguo vitae curriculo et tam brevi tantis nos in laboribus exerceamus?

    Cic. Arch. 11, 28; cf.:

    vitae brevis cursus, gloriae sempiternus,

    id. Sest. 21, 47:

    tum brevior dirae mortis aperta via est,

    Tib. 1, 10, 4.—And poet. of the thread of life:

    fila vitae breviora,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 46. —
    B.
    In height, short, small, low (opp. altus and sometimes longus);

    of the human figure: sed sedebat judex L. Aurifex, brevior ipse quam testis,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 60, 245:

    ut statura breves in digitos eriguntur,

    Quint. 2, 3, 8:

    forma,

    Ov. M. 5, 457:

    (puella) longa brevisque,

    id. Am. 2, 4, 36:

    brevis corpore,

    Suet. Galb. 3;

    id. Vit. Hor.—Of a maiden changed to a boy: et incomptis brevior mensura capillis,

    Ov. M. 9, 789.—

    Of other things: ut pleraque Alpium ab Italiā sicut breviora, ita arrectiora sunt,

    lower, Liv. 21, 35, 11:

    brevior ilex,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 1641:

    mus,

    little, Ov. F. 2, 574. —
    C.
    In depth, small, little, shallow (opp. profundus):

    puteus,

    Juv. 3, 226:

    vada,

    Verg. A. 5, 221; Sen. Agam. 570.—Hence, subst.: brĕvia, ium, n., as in Gr. ta brachea, shallow places, shallows, shoals:

    tris Eurus ab alto In brevia et syrtis urget,

    Verg. A. 1, 111 (brevia vadosa dicit, per quae vadi pedibus potest, Serv.); Luc. 9, 338: neque discerni poterant incerta ab solidis, brevia a profundis, Tac. A. 1, 70:

    brevia litorum,

    id. ib. 6, 33 fin. —Perh. also in sing.:

    breve,

    Tac. A. 14, 29 Draeg. ad loc. (Ritter, brevia; al. breve litus).—
    2.
    Trop.:

    brevia, in quibus volutatur, incerta, ancipitia,

    difficulties, Sen. Ep. 22, 7.—
    D.
    Of the line of a circle:

    ubi circulus (i.e. arcticus) axem Ultimus extremum spatioque brevissimus ambit,

    makes the shortest path, Ov. M. 2, 517; cf.

    of similar orbits, of stars: absides breviores,

    Plin. 2. 15, 13, §

    63.—Of the circular course of a horse on the track: discit gyro breviore flecti,

    Sen. Hippol. 314. —
    II.
    Transf., of time.
    A.
    Lit. (the usu. signif. of the word), short, brief, small, little.
    1.
    In gen.:

    quanto, nox, fuisti longior hac proxumā, Tanto brevior dies ut fiat faciam,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 51:

    breve spatium'st perferundi quae minitas mihi,

    id. Capt. 3, 5, 85:

    brevis hora,

    Lucr. 4, 179; so Ov. M. 4, 696: Pa. Brevin' an longinquo sermone? Mi. Tribus verbis, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 30:

    occasio,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 57; Phaedr. 5, 8, 5:

    brevis hic est fructus homulleis,

    short is this enjoyment for little men, Lucr. 3, 927; cf.:

    MORS. PERFECIT. TVA. VT. TIBE. ESSENT. OMNIA. BREVIA. HONOS. FAMA. VIRTVSQVE. GLORIA. ATQVE. INGENIVM.,

    Inscr. Orell. 558:

    omnia brevia tolerabilia esse debent,

    Cic. Lael. 27, 104; id. Fin. 1, 12, 40; 2, 29, 94; id. Tusc. 1, 39, 94; Sen. Ira, 3, 43, 5:

    quoniam vita brevis est, memoriam nostri quam maxime longam efficere,

    Sall. C. 1, 3; so,

    vitae summa brevis spem nos vetat incohare longam,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 15; cf. id. ib. 1, 11, 6:

    aut omnia breviora aliquanto fuere, aut Saguntum principio anni captum,

    occupied a shorter time, Liv. 21, 15, 5:

    brevissimum tempus,

    id. 5, 6, 7:

    detrimentum,

    Quint. 11, 1, 10:

    arbitrium mortis,

    Tac. A. 15, 60:

    breves populi Romani amores,

    id. ib. 2, 41:

    tempus,

    Suet. Ner. 20 al.:

    nobis quom semel occidit brevis lux, nox est perpetua una dormienda,

    Cat. 5, 5:

    fructus,

    Lucr. 3, 914:

    aevum,

    Hor. C. 2, 16, 17; id. S. 2, 6, 97; id. Ep. 2, 1, 144; Plin. Pan. 78, 2:

    anni,

    Hor. C. 4, 13, 22:

    ver,

    Ov. M. 1, 118; 10, 85:

    flores rosae,

    quickly withering, short-lived, Hor. C. 2, 3, 13:

    lilium,

    id. ib. 1, 36, 16:

    cena,

    frugal, id. Ep. 1, 14, 35:

    mensa,

    id. A. P. 198:

    dominus,

    living but a short time, id. C. 2, 14, 24:

    stultitia,

    id. ib. 4, 12, 27:

    ira furor brevis est,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 62:

    actio brevis atque concisa,

    Quint. 6, 4, 2:

    somnus,

    Sen. Troad. 441:

    nec gratius quicquam decore nec brevius,

    nothing is more acceptable, but nothing more perishable, fading, than beauty, Suet. Dom. 18:

    domus,

    Sen. Hippol. 762:

    fortuna,

    Sil. 4, 734.—
    2.
    Esp.
    a.
    Comp. brevius, with subj. clause, shorter, i.e. easier, more convenient:

    brevius visum urbana crimina incipi, quorum obvii testes erant,

    Tac. A. 13, 43: modo ne existimes brevius esse ab urbe mitti, Trag. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 40 (49), 3.—
    b.
    In brevi spatio, brevi spatio, in brevi tempore, brevi tempore, and absol. brevi or in brevi, in a short time, shortly (before or after) (brevi tempore and brevi are class.; the latter, as in Gr. en brachei, to be considered as neuter, without supplying tempore):

    inque brevi spatio mutantur saecla animantum,

    Lucr. 2, 77; so Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 2; Suet. Claud. 12; id. Ner. 30; cf.:

    in multo breviore temporis spatio,

    id. Aug. 22:

    multa brevi spatio simulacra geruntur,

    Lucr. 4, 160; Sall. J. 87, 3:

    spatio brevi,

    Hor. C. 1, 11, 6:

    res publica per vos brevi tempore jus suum recuperabit,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; 5, 21, 2; id. Tusc. 2, 2, 5; Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 11; Nep. Milt. 2, 1; id. Them. 1, 4; Suet. Caes. 3:

    sic ille affectus, brevi postea est mortuus,

    soon after, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142 (Zumpt;

    acc. to MSS. perbrevi).—So brevi post = paulo post: brevi post Marcellus Romam venit,

    Liv. 33, 37, 9; 24, 3, 14:

    brevi deinde,

    id. 24, 4, 9: (Britanni) tantum usu cotidiano et exercitatione efficiunt, uti in declivi ac praecipiti loco incitatos equos sustinere et brevi ( in a short time, i.e. with great rapidity) moderari ac flectere consuerint, Caes. B. G. 4, 33 fin. Herz. and Held.:

    fama tanti facinoris per omnem Africam brevi divolgatur,

    Sall. J. 13, 1; Nep. Them. 4, 4:

    mirantur tam brevi rem Romanam crevisse,

    Liv. 1, 9, 9:

    brevi omnia subegit,

    Suet. Caes. 34; so id. Aug. 17; 65; id. Vesp. 5; id. Gram. 3; Gell. 1, 15, 18: scire in brevi, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P.; Flor. 1, 1, 15.—
    c.
    Brevi, a short time, a little while: [p. 251] cunctatusque brevi, contortam viribus hastam in Persea misit, Ov. M. 5, 32; cf.:

    illa brevi spatio silet,

    id. ib. 7, 307; so,

    * breve,

    Cat. 61, 187.—
    d.
    Ad breve, for a short time, Suet. Tib. 68; cf.:

    ad breve quoddam tempus,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 31.—
    B.
    Transf. to things done or taking place in a short time; so most freq.
    1.
    Of discourse, short, brief, concise (most freq. in Cic. and Quint.):

    narratio,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 28; id. de Or. 3, 50, 196: laudatio;

    comprehensio et ambitus ille verborum erat apud illum contractus et brevis,

    id. Brut. 44, 162; cf. id. de Or. 2, 80, 326:

    nunc venio ad illa tua brevia: et primum illud, quo nihil potest esse brevius: bonum omne laudabile, etc.,

    id. Fin. 4, 18, 48:

    quam falsa re! quam brevia responsu!

    id. Clu. 59, 164: urbanitas est virtus quaedam in breve dictum coacta, Dom. Mars. ap. Quint. 6, 3, 104:

    Homerus brevem eloquentiam Menelao dedit,

    Quint. 12, 10, 64 (brevis = ou polumuthos, Hom. Il. 3, 214):

    breviores commentarii,

    Quint. 3, 8, 58:

    annotatio,

    id. 10, 7, 31:

    brevia illa atque concisa,

    id. 10, 7, 10; so,

    sententiae,

    id. 10, 1, 60:

    causae,

    id. 6, 1, 8:

    docendi compendia,

    id. 1, 1, 24:

    comprehensiones,

    id. 12, 2, 19:

    quod ut brevissimo pateat exemplo,

    id. 3, 6, 10: commendatio, requiring few words, i.e. moderate, Plin. 11, 42, 97, § 240.— Meton. of a speaker or orator, brief:

    multos imitatio brevitatis decipit, ut cum se breves putent esse, longissimi sint,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 38:

    brevior in scribendo,

    id. Att. 5, 6, 2:

    brevis esse laboro, Obscurus fio,

    Hor. A. P. 25:

    in eloquendo brevis,

    Quint. 10, 1, 63:

    densus et brevis et semper instans sibi Thucydides,

    id. 10, 1, 73.—Hence, brĕvī, adv., briefly, in few words (freq. and class.):

    brevi pro breviter M. Tullius de Orat. ad Quintum fratrem (1, 8, 34): ac ne plura quidem quae sunt innumerabilia consecter, comprehendam brevi,

    Charis. p. 176 P.:

    id percurram brevi,

    Cic. Caecin. 32, 94:

    aliquid explicare,

    id. Planc. 40, 95 Wund.:

    circumscribere et definire,

    id. Sest. 45, 97; so id. ib. 5, 12 Orell. N. cr.; id. Fin. 1, 17, 55:

    complecti,

    id. de Or. 1, 42, 190:

    exponere,

    id. ib. 1, 46, 203:

    reprehendere,

    id. Inv. 1, 9, 12:

    reddere,

    id. Leg. 2, 14, 34:

    respondere,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:

    perscribere,

    id. ib. 4, 5, 1; so Auct. Her. 4, 26, 35; 35, 47 al.; cf.:

    in brevi,

    Quint. 9, 4, 32.—So once in epistolary style: breve facere, to be short or brief:

    quid scribam? breve faciam,

    Cic. Att. 11, 7, 6; cf.:

    longum est ea dicere, sed hoc breve dicam,

    id. Sest. 5, 12.—Once, in breve cogere (diff. from I. A.), to comprise in few words, bring into a small compass:

    in breve coactae causae,

    Liv. 39, 47, 5; cf.:

    in breve coactio causae,

    Gai. Inst. 4, 15.— In late Lat. subst.: brĕvis, is, m. (sc. liber—acc. to another reading, brĕve, is, n.), a short catalogue, summary, = breviarium:

    brevis nominum,

    Vop. Aur. 36; so id. Bonos. 15; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 21; Hier. Ep. 5, n. 2 al.—
    2.
    Of a short syllable;

    rarely as adj.: Syllaba longa brevi subjecta vocatur iambus,

    Hor. A. P. 251:

    a brevis, gre brevis, faciet tamen longam priorem,

    Quint. 9, 4, 86 et saep.—More freq. subst.: brĕvis, is, f. (sc. syllaba):

    dactylus, qui est e longā et duabus brevibus,

    Cic. Or. 64, 217 sq.:

    in fine pro longā accipi brevem,

    Quint. 9, 4, 93; 9, 4, 86:

    plurimum habent celeritatis breves,

    id. 9, 4, 91.—

    Hence also once of a syllable long by position, but pronounced short: indoctus dicimus brevi primā litterā, insanus productā: inhumanus brevi, infelix longā,

    Cic. Or. 48, 159 Meyer N. cr.; cf. Gell. 2, 17 sqq., and Schütz Lex. Cic. s. v. brevis.—
    C.
    For parvus, exiguus, little, small:

    exigua pars brevisque,

    Lucr. 5, 591:

    Canidia brevibus implicata viperis,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 15:

    Alecto brevibus torquata colubris,

    Ov. H. 2, 119:

    brevi latere ac pede longo est,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 93; cf.

    just before: breve quod caput, ardua cervix, v. 89, and brevis alvus,

    Verg. G. 3, 80 (on the other hand, Nemes. 244:

    parvae alvi): mus,

    Ov. F. 2, 574:

    forma (sc. pueri in stellionem mutati),

    id. M. 5, 457.—

    So, lapathi herba,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 29 (brevis = parva, non excrescens in altum, Schol. Cruqu.):

    folia breviora,

    id. Ep. 1, 19, 26 (minor corona, Schol. Cruqu.):

    census,

    id. C. 2, 15, 13:

    pondus,

    id. S. 2, 2, 37:

    impensa,

    Ov. H. 7, 188 Ruhnk.:

    sigillum,

    id. M. 6, 86:

    insulae,

    Pall. 1, 28, 1; cf. Juv. 1, 73: vasculum, Pall. Apr. 8, 4:

    offulae,

    id. 1, 29, 4:

    pantheris in candido breves macularum oculi,

    Plin. 8, 17, 23, § 62.—With nom. abstr.:

    breve in exiguo marmore nomen ero,

    Prop. 2, 1, 72; Sen. Oedip. 935.—So, pondus, Hor. S. 2, 2, 37 al.—Hence, brĕ-vĭter, adv., shortly, briefly, etc.
    1.
    Of space (acc. to I.) (rare): seu libeat, curvo brevius convertere gyro, shorter, i. e. in a smaller circle, Tib. 4, 1, 94:

    parvo brevius quam totus,

    a little less than the whole, Plin. 2, 67, 67, § 168:

    Sarmatae, omisso arcu, quo brevius valent, contis gladiisque ruerent,

    Tac. A. 6, 35.—Far more freq. in prose and poetry,
    2.
    (Acc. to II. A. b. and c.) Of time, in a short time.
    a.
    In gen.:

    iratum breviter vites, inimicum diu, Publ. Syr. v. 249 Rib.: sapiens, cum breviter et strictim colore atque vultu motus est,

    Gell. 19, 1, 20.—
    b.
    Esp.
    (α).
    In expression, briefly, in brief, in few words, concisely, summarily:

    sed breviter paucis praestat comprendere multa,

    Lucr. 6, 1082: multa breviter et commode dicta (sc. apophthegmata; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104) memoriae mandabam, Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

    rem totam breviter cognoscite,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 169; 2, 3, 27, § 67; so id. de Or. 2, 83, 340:

    summatim breviterque describere,

    id. Or. 15, 50:

    breviter tangere,

    id. Off. 3, 2, 8 Beier N. cr.:

    breviter et modice disserere,

    Sall. J. 111, 1:

    adicere aliquid,

    Quint. 9, 3, 100; cf. also Verg. A. 2, 11; 4, 632; 6, 321; Ov. M. 2, 783:

    omnia soli Forsan Pacuvio breviter dabit (i.e. paucis testamenti verbis, quibus heres ex asse scribetur),

    Juv. 12, 125 Web. (cf. id. 1, 68: beatum exiguis tabulis).— Comp., Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 26; Quint. 8, prooem. § 1; 8, 6, 61; 9, 2, 16; 10, 1, 49; 11, 1, 5 al.— Sup., Cic. N. D. 2, 1, 3; id. Div. 1, 32, 70; Quint. 1, 10, 1; 4, 2, 113 al.—
    (β).
    Of syllables:

    quibus in verbis eae primae litterae sunt quae in sapiente atque felice, producte dicitur, in ceteris omnibus breviter,

    Cic. Or. 48, 159.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > brevi

  • 16 brevia

    brĕvis, e, adj. (abl. breve, Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 2; comp. abl. breviore, Ov. Am. 2, 17, 22) [cf. brachus, Fest. p. 26], short, little, of small extent, in space and time (opp. longus; in space, in good class. prose, diff. from parvus, which designates that which fills a small space in length, breadth, and thickness; while brevis is used only of length in its different directions of breadth, height, or depth; and even of a circle, as merely a line, and without reference to the space enclosed, v. infra. In poets and postAug. prose brevis sometimes = parvus).
    I.
    Lit., in space.
    A.
    In distance, extent, short, little, small, narrow (opp. latus), Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92:

    brevior via,

    Nep. Eum. 8, 5; Tib. 1, 10, 4:

    via brevis,

    Verg. E. 9, 23; Ov. M. 5, 253; Juv. 14, 223:

    cursus brevissimus,

    Verg. A. 3, 507:

    brevius iter,

    Ov. P. 1, 4, 32:

    cursu brevissimus Almo,

    id. M. 14, 329:

    quid mihi, quod lato non separor aequore, prodest? Num minus haec nobis tam brevis obstat aqua?

    so narrow a stream, id. H. 18, 174; cf.

    also brevis unda, opp. latum mare,

    id. ib. 19, 141 and 142:

    non Asiam brevioris aquae disterminat usquam fluctus ab Europā,

    Luc. 9, 957 (strictioris, Schol.); cf. id. 9, 317:

    brevissima terra,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 69, 2:

    in Euboico scopulus brevis emicat altō Gurgite,

    a small, narrow rock, Ov. M. 9, 226:

    brevibus Gyaris,

    Juv. 1, 73:

    scis In breve te cogi (sc. libellum),

    that you are closely rolled together, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 8:

    quo brevius valent,

    the nearer, the more powerful are they in conflict, Tac. A. 6, 35.—
    2.
    Trop. of the journey of life:

    quid est, quod in hoc tam exiguo vitae curriculo et tam brevi tantis nos in laboribus exerceamus?

    Cic. Arch. 11, 28; cf.:

    vitae brevis cursus, gloriae sempiternus,

    id. Sest. 21, 47:

    tum brevior dirae mortis aperta via est,

    Tib. 1, 10, 4.—And poet. of the thread of life:

    fila vitae breviora,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 46. —
    B.
    In height, short, small, low (opp. altus and sometimes longus);

    of the human figure: sed sedebat judex L. Aurifex, brevior ipse quam testis,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 60, 245:

    ut statura breves in digitos eriguntur,

    Quint. 2, 3, 8:

    forma,

    Ov. M. 5, 457:

    (puella) longa brevisque,

    id. Am. 2, 4, 36:

    brevis corpore,

    Suet. Galb. 3;

    id. Vit. Hor.—Of a maiden changed to a boy: et incomptis brevior mensura capillis,

    Ov. M. 9, 789.—

    Of other things: ut pleraque Alpium ab Italiā sicut breviora, ita arrectiora sunt,

    lower, Liv. 21, 35, 11:

    brevior ilex,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 1641:

    mus,

    little, Ov. F. 2, 574. —
    C.
    In depth, small, little, shallow (opp. profundus):

    puteus,

    Juv. 3, 226:

    vada,

    Verg. A. 5, 221; Sen. Agam. 570.—Hence, subst.: brĕvia, ium, n., as in Gr. ta brachea, shallow places, shallows, shoals:

    tris Eurus ab alto In brevia et syrtis urget,

    Verg. A. 1, 111 (brevia vadosa dicit, per quae vadi pedibus potest, Serv.); Luc. 9, 338: neque discerni poterant incerta ab solidis, brevia a profundis, Tac. A. 1, 70:

    brevia litorum,

    id. ib. 6, 33 fin. —Perh. also in sing.:

    breve,

    Tac. A. 14, 29 Draeg. ad loc. (Ritter, brevia; al. breve litus).—
    2.
    Trop.:

    brevia, in quibus volutatur, incerta, ancipitia,

    difficulties, Sen. Ep. 22, 7.—
    D.
    Of the line of a circle:

    ubi circulus (i.e. arcticus) axem Ultimus extremum spatioque brevissimus ambit,

    makes the shortest path, Ov. M. 2, 517; cf.

    of similar orbits, of stars: absides breviores,

    Plin. 2. 15, 13, §

    63.—Of the circular course of a horse on the track: discit gyro breviore flecti,

    Sen. Hippol. 314. —
    II.
    Transf., of time.
    A.
    Lit. (the usu. signif. of the word), short, brief, small, little.
    1.
    In gen.:

    quanto, nox, fuisti longior hac proxumā, Tanto brevior dies ut fiat faciam,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 51:

    breve spatium'st perferundi quae minitas mihi,

    id. Capt. 3, 5, 85:

    brevis hora,

    Lucr. 4, 179; so Ov. M. 4, 696: Pa. Brevin' an longinquo sermone? Mi. Tribus verbis, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 30:

    occasio,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 57; Phaedr. 5, 8, 5:

    brevis hic est fructus homulleis,

    short is this enjoyment for little men, Lucr. 3, 927; cf.:

    MORS. PERFECIT. TVA. VT. TIBE. ESSENT. OMNIA. BREVIA. HONOS. FAMA. VIRTVSQVE. GLORIA. ATQVE. INGENIVM.,

    Inscr. Orell. 558:

    omnia brevia tolerabilia esse debent,

    Cic. Lael. 27, 104; id. Fin. 1, 12, 40; 2, 29, 94; id. Tusc. 1, 39, 94; Sen. Ira, 3, 43, 5:

    quoniam vita brevis est, memoriam nostri quam maxime longam efficere,

    Sall. C. 1, 3; so,

    vitae summa brevis spem nos vetat incohare longam,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 15; cf. id. ib. 1, 11, 6:

    aut omnia breviora aliquanto fuere, aut Saguntum principio anni captum,

    occupied a shorter time, Liv. 21, 15, 5:

    brevissimum tempus,

    id. 5, 6, 7:

    detrimentum,

    Quint. 11, 1, 10:

    arbitrium mortis,

    Tac. A. 15, 60:

    breves populi Romani amores,

    id. ib. 2, 41:

    tempus,

    Suet. Ner. 20 al.:

    nobis quom semel occidit brevis lux, nox est perpetua una dormienda,

    Cat. 5, 5:

    fructus,

    Lucr. 3, 914:

    aevum,

    Hor. C. 2, 16, 17; id. S. 2, 6, 97; id. Ep. 2, 1, 144; Plin. Pan. 78, 2:

    anni,

    Hor. C. 4, 13, 22:

    ver,

    Ov. M. 1, 118; 10, 85:

    flores rosae,

    quickly withering, short-lived, Hor. C. 2, 3, 13:

    lilium,

    id. ib. 1, 36, 16:

    cena,

    frugal, id. Ep. 1, 14, 35:

    mensa,

    id. A. P. 198:

    dominus,

    living but a short time, id. C. 2, 14, 24:

    stultitia,

    id. ib. 4, 12, 27:

    ira furor brevis est,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 62:

    actio brevis atque concisa,

    Quint. 6, 4, 2:

    somnus,

    Sen. Troad. 441:

    nec gratius quicquam decore nec brevius,

    nothing is more acceptable, but nothing more perishable, fading, than beauty, Suet. Dom. 18:

    domus,

    Sen. Hippol. 762:

    fortuna,

    Sil. 4, 734.—
    2.
    Esp.
    a.
    Comp. brevius, with subj. clause, shorter, i.e. easier, more convenient:

    brevius visum urbana crimina incipi, quorum obvii testes erant,

    Tac. A. 13, 43: modo ne existimes brevius esse ab urbe mitti, Trag. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 40 (49), 3.—
    b.
    In brevi spatio, brevi spatio, in brevi tempore, brevi tempore, and absol. brevi or in brevi, in a short time, shortly (before or after) (brevi tempore and brevi are class.; the latter, as in Gr. en brachei, to be considered as neuter, without supplying tempore):

    inque brevi spatio mutantur saecla animantum,

    Lucr. 2, 77; so Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 2; Suet. Claud. 12; id. Ner. 30; cf.:

    in multo breviore temporis spatio,

    id. Aug. 22:

    multa brevi spatio simulacra geruntur,

    Lucr. 4, 160; Sall. J. 87, 3:

    spatio brevi,

    Hor. C. 1, 11, 6:

    res publica per vos brevi tempore jus suum recuperabit,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; 5, 21, 2; id. Tusc. 2, 2, 5; Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 11; Nep. Milt. 2, 1; id. Them. 1, 4; Suet. Caes. 3:

    sic ille affectus, brevi postea est mortuus,

    soon after, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142 (Zumpt;

    acc. to MSS. perbrevi).—So brevi post = paulo post: brevi post Marcellus Romam venit,

    Liv. 33, 37, 9; 24, 3, 14:

    brevi deinde,

    id. 24, 4, 9: (Britanni) tantum usu cotidiano et exercitatione efficiunt, uti in declivi ac praecipiti loco incitatos equos sustinere et brevi ( in a short time, i.e. with great rapidity) moderari ac flectere consuerint, Caes. B. G. 4, 33 fin. Herz. and Held.:

    fama tanti facinoris per omnem Africam brevi divolgatur,

    Sall. J. 13, 1; Nep. Them. 4, 4:

    mirantur tam brevi rem Romanam crevisse,

    Liv. 1, 9, 9:

    brevi omnia subegit,

    Suet. Caes. 34; so id. Aug. 17; 65; id. Vesp. 5; id. Gram. 3; Gell. 1, 15, 18: scire in brevi, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P.; Flor. 1, 1, 15.—
    c.
    Brevi, a short time, a little while: [p. 251] cunctatusque brevi, contortam viribus hastam in Persea misit, Ov. M. 5, 32; cf.:

    illa brevi spatio silet,

    id. ib. 7, 307; so,

    * breve,

    Cat. 61, 187.—
    d.
    Ad breve, for a short time, Suet. Tib. 68; cf.:

    ad breve quoddam tempus,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 31.—
    B.
    Transf. to things done or taking place in a short time; so most freq.
    1.
    Of discourse, short, brief, concise (most freq. in Cic. and Quint.):

    narratio,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 28; id. de Or. 3, 50, 196: laudatio;

    comprehensio et ambitus ille verborum erat apud illum contractus et brevis,

    id. Brut. 44, 162; cf. id. de Or. 2, 80, 326:

    nunc venio ad illa tua brevia: et primum illud, quo nihil potest esse brevius: bonum omne laudabile, etc.,

    id. Fin. 4, 18, 48:

    quam falsa re! quam brevia responsu!

    id. Clu. 59, 164: urbanitas est virtus quaedam in breve dictum coacta, Dom. Mars. ap. Quint. 6, 3, 104:

    Homerus brevem eloquentiam Menelao dedit,

    Quint. 12, 10, 64 (brevis = ou polumuthos, Hom. Il. 3, 214):

    breviores commentarii,

    Quint. 3, 8, 58:

    annotatio,

    id. 10, 7, 31:

    brevia illa atque concisa,

    id. 10, 7, 10; so,

    sententiae,

    id. 10, 1, 60:

    causae,

    id. 6, 1, 8:

    docendi compendia,

    id. 1, 1, 24:

    comprehensiones,

    id. 12, 2, 19:

    quod ut brevissimo pateat exemplo,

    id. 3, 6, 10: commendatio, requiring few words, i.e. moderate, Plin. 11, 42, 97, § 240.— Meton. of a speaker or orator, brief:

    multos imitatio brevitatis decipit, ut cum se breves putent esse, longissimi sint,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 38:

    brevior in scribendo,

    id. Att. 5, 6, 2:

    brevis esse laboro, Obscurus fio,

    Hor. A. P. 25:

    in eloquendo brevis,

    Quint. 10, 1, 63:

    densus et brevis et semper instans sibi Thucydides,

    id. 10, 1, 73.—Hence, brĕvī, adv., briefly, in few words (freq. and class.):

    brevi pro breviter M. Tullius de Orat. ad Quintum fratrem (1, 8, 34): ac ne plura quidem quae sunt innumerabilia consecter, comprehendam brevi,

    Charis. p. 176 P.:

    id percurram brevi,

    Cic. Caecin. 32, 94:

    aliquid explicare,

    id. Planc. 40, 95 Wund.:

    circumscribere et definire,

    id. Sest. 45, 97; so id. ib. 5, 12 Orell. N. cr.; id. Fin. 1, 17, 55:

    complecti,

    id. de Or. 1, 42, 190:

    exponere,

    id. ib. 1, 46, 203:

    reprehendere,

    id. Inv. 1, 9, 12:

    reddere,

    id. Leg. 2, 14, 34:

    respondere,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:

    perscribere,

    id. ib. 4, 5, 1; so Auct. Her. 4, 26, 35; 35, 47 al.; cf.:

    in brevi,

    Quint. 9, 4, 32.—So once in epistolary style: breve facere, to be short or brief:

    quid scribam? breve faciam,

    Cic. Att. 11, 7, 6; cf.:

    longum est ea dicere, sed hoc breve dicam,

    id. Sest. 5, 12.—Once, in breve cogere (diff. from I. A.), to comprise in few words, bring into a small compass:

    in breve coactae causae,

    Liv. 39, 47, 5; cf.:

    in breve coactio causae,

    Gai. Inst. 4, 15.— In late Lat. subst.: brĕvis, is, m. (sc. liber—acc. to another reading, brĕve, is, n.), a short catalogue, summary, = breviarium:

    brevis nominum,

    Vop. Aur. 36; so id. Bonos. 15; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 21; Hier. Ep. 5, n. 2 al.—
    2.
    Of a short syllable;

    rarely as adj.: Syllaba longa brevi subjecta vocatur iambus,

    Hor. A. P. 251:

    a brevis, gre brevis, faciet tamen longam priorem,

    Quint. 9, 4, 86 et saep.—More freq. subst.: brĕvis, is, f. (sc. syllaba):

    dactylus, qui est e longā et duabus brevibus,

    Cic. Or. 64, 217 sq.:

    in fine pro longā accipi brevem,

    Quint. 9, 4, 93; 9, 4, 86:

    plurimum habent celeritatis breves,

    id. 9, 4, 91.—

    Hence also once of a syllable long by position, but pronounced short: indoctus dicimus brevi primā litterā, insanus productā: inhumanus brevi, infelix longā,

    Cic. Or. 48, 159 Meyer N. cr.; cf. Gell. 2, 17 sqq., and Schütz Lex. Cic. s. v. brevis.—
    C.
    For parvus, exiguus, little, small:

    exigua pars brevisque,

    Lucr. 5, 591:

    Canidia brevibus implicata viperis,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 15:

    Alecto brevibus torquata colubris,

    Ov. H. 2, 119:

    brevi latere ac pede longo est,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 93; cf.

    just before: breve quod caput, ardua cervix, v. 89, and brevis alvus,

    Verg. G. 3, 80 (on the other hand, Nemes. 244:

    parvae alvi): mus,

    Ov. F. 2, 574:

    forma (sc. pueri in stellionem mutati),

    id. M. 5, 457.—

    So, lapathi herba,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 29 (brevis = parva, non excrescens in altum, Schol. Cruqu.):

    folia breviora,

    id. Ep. 1, 19, 26 (minor corona, Schol. Cruqu.):

    census,

    id. C. 2, 15, 13:

    pondus,

    id. S. 2, 2, 37:

    impensa,

    Ov. H. 7, 188 Ruhnk.:

    sigillum,

    id. M. 6, 86:

    insulae,

    Pall. 1, 28, 1; cf. Juv. 1, 73: vasculum, Pall. Apr. 8, 4:

    offulae,

    id. 1, 29, 4:

    pantheris in candido breves macularum oculi,

    Plin. 8, 17, 23, § 62.—With nom. abstr.:

    breve in exiguo marmore nomen ero,

    Prop. 2, 1, 72; Sen. Oedip. 935.—So, pondus, Hor. S. 2, 2, 37 al.—Hence, brĕ-vĭter, adv., shortly, briefly, etc.
    1.
    Of space (acc. to I.) (rare): seu libeat, curvo brevius convertere gyro, shorter, i. e. in a smaller circle, Tib. 4, 1, 94:

    parvo brevius quam totus,

    a little less than the whole, Plin. 2, 67, 67, § 168:

    Sarmatae, omisso arcu, quo brevius valent, contis gladiisque ruerent,

    Tac. A. 6, 35.—Far more freq. in prose and poetry,
    2.
    (Acc. to II. A. b. and c.) Of time, in a short time.
    a.
    In gen.:

    iratum breviter vites, inimicum diu, Publ. Syr. v. 249 Rib.: sapiens, cum breviter et strictim colore atque vultu motus est,

    Gell. 19, 1, 20.—
    b.
    Esp.
    (α).
    In expression, briefly, in brief, in few words, concisely, summarily:

    sed breviter paucis praestat comprendere multa,

    Lucr. 6, 1082: multa breviter et commode dicta (sc. apophthegmata; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104) memoriae mandabam, Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

    rem totam breviter cognoscite,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 169; 2, 3, 27, § 67; so id. de Or. 2, 83, 340:

    summatim breviterque describere,

    id. Or. 15, 50:

    breviter tangere,

    id. Off. 3, 2, 8 Beier N. cr.:

    breviter et modice disserere,

    Sall. J. 111, 1:

    adicere aliquid,

    Quint. 9, 3, 100; cf. also Verg. A. 2, 11; 4, 632; 6, 321; Ov. M. 2, 783:

    omnia soli Forsan Pacuvio breviter dabit (i.e. paucis testamenti verbis, quibus heres ex asse scribetur),

    Juv. 12, 125 Web. (cf. id. 1, 68: beatum exiguis tabulis).— Comp., Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 26; Quint. 8, prooem. § 1; 8, 6, 61; 9, 2, 16; 10, 1, 49; 11, 1, 5 al.— Sup., Cic. N. D. 2, 1, 3; id. Div. 1, 32, 70; Quint. 1, 10, 1; 4, 2, 113 al.—
    (β).
    Of syllables:

    quibus in verbis eae primae litterae sunt quae in sapiente atque felice, producte dicitur, in ceteris omnibus breviter,

    Cic. Or. 48, 159.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > brevia

  • 17 brevis

    brĕvis, e, adj. (abl. breve, Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 2; comp. abl. breviore, Ov. Am. 2, 17, 22) [cf. brachus, Fest. p. 26], short, little, of small extent, in space and time (opp. longus; in space, in good class. prose, diff. from parvus, which designates that which fills a small space in length, breadth, and thickness; while brevis is used only of length in its different directions of breadth, height, or depth; and even of a circle, as merely a line, and without reference to the space enclosed, v. infra. In poets and postAug. prose brevis sometimes = parvus).
    I.
    Lit., in space.
    A.
    In distance, extent, short, little, small, narrow (opp. latus), Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92:

    brevior via,

    Nep. Eum. 8, 5; Tib. 1, 10, 4:

    via brevis,

    Verg. E. 9, 23; Ov. M. 5, 253; Juv. 14, 223:

    cursus brevissimus,

    Verg. A. 3, 507:

    brevius iter,

    Ov. P. 1, 4, 32:

    cursu brevissimus Almo,

    id. M. 14, 329:

    quid mihi, quod lato non separor aequore, prodest? Num minus haec nobis tam brevis obstat aqua?

    so narrow a stream, id. H. 18, 174; cf.

    also brevis unda, opp. latum mare,

    id. ib. 19, 141 and 142:

    non Asiam brevioris aquae disterminat usquam fluctus ab Europā,

    Luc. 9, 957 (strictioris, Schol.); cf. id. 9, 317:

    brevissima terra,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 69, 2:

    in Euboico scopulus brevis emicat altō Gurgite,

    a small, narrow rock, Ov. M. 9, 226:

    brevibus Gyaris,

    Juv. 1, 73:

    scis In breve te cogi (sc. libellum),

    that you are closely rolled together, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 8:

    quo brevius valent,

    the nearer, the more powerful are they in conflict, Tac. A. 6, 35.—
    2.
    Trop. of the journey of life:

    quid est, quod in hoc tam exiguo vitae curriculo et tam brevi tantis nos in laboribus exerceamus?

    Cic. Arch. 11, 28; cf.:

    vitae brevis cursus, gloriae sempiternus,

    id. Sest. 21, 47:

    tum brevior dirae mortis aperta via est,

    Tib. 1, 10, 4.—And poet. of the thread of life:

    fila vitae breviora,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 46. —
    B.
    In height, short, small, low (opp. altus and sometimes longus);

    of the human figure: sed sedebat judex L. Aurifex, brevior ipse quam testis,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 60, 245:

    ut statura breves in digitos eriguntur,

    Quint. 2, 3, 8:

    forma,

    Ov. M. 5, 457:

    (puella) longa brevisque,

    id. Am. 2, 4, 36:

    brevis corpore,

    Suet. Galb. 3;

    id. Vit. Hor.—Of a maiden changed to a boy: et incomptis brevior mensura capillis,

    Ov. M. 9, 789.—

    Of other things: ut pleraque Alpium ab Italiā sicut breviora, ita arrectiora sunt,

    lower, Liv. 21, 35, 11:

    brevior ilex,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 1641:

    mus,

    little, Ov. F. 2, 574. —
    C.
    In depth, small, little, shallow (opp. profundus):

    puteus,

    Juv. 3, 226:

    vada,

    Verg. A. 5, 221; Sen. Agam. 570.—Hence, subst.: brĕvia, ium, n., as in Gr. ta brachea, shallow places, shallows, shoals:

    tris Eurus ab alto In brevia et syrtis urget,

    Verg. A. 1, 111 (brevia vadosa dicit, per quae vadi pedibus potest, Serv.); Luc. 9, 338: neque discerni poterant incerta ab solidis, brevia a profundis, Tac. A. 1, 70:

    brevia litorum,

    id. ib. 6, 33 fin. —Perh. also in sing.:

    breve,

    Tac. A. 14, 29 Draeg. ad loc. (Ritter, brevia; al. breve litus).—
    2.
    Trop.:

    brevia, in quibus volutatur, incerta, ancipitia,

    difficulties, Sen. Ep. 22, 7.—
    D.
    Of the line of a circle:

    ubi circulus (i.e. arcticus) axem Ultimus extremum spatioque brevissimus ambit,

    makes the shortest path, Ov. M. 2, 517; cf.

    of similar orbits, of stars: absides breviores,

    Plin. 2. 15, 13, §

    63.—Of the circular course of a horse on the track: discit gyro breviore flecti,

    Sen. Hippol. 314. —
    II.
    Transf., of time.
    A.
    Lit. (the usu. signif. of the word), short, brief, small, little.
    1.
    In gen.:

    quanto, nox, fuisti longior hac proxumā, Tanto brevior dies ut fiat faciam,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 51:

    breve spatium'st perferundi quae minitas mihi,

    id. Capt. 3, 5, 85:

    brevis hora,

    Lucr. 4, 179; so Ov. M. 4, 696: Pa. Brevin' an longinquo sermone? Mi. Tribus verbis, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 30:

    occasio,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 57; Phaedr. 5, 8, 5:

    brevis hic est fructus homulleis,

    short is this enjoyment for little men, Lucr. 3, 927; cf.:

    MORS. PERFECIT. TVA. VT. TIBE. ESSENT. OMNIA. BREVIA. HONOS. FAMA. VIRTVSQVE. GLORIA. ATQVE. INGENIVM.,

    Inscr. Orell. 558:

    omnia brevia tolerabilia esse debent,

    Cic. Lael. 27, 104; id. Fin. 1, 12, 40; 2, 29, 94; id. Tusc. 1, 39, 94; Sen. Ira, 3, 43, 5:

    quoniam vita brevis est, memoriam nostri quam maxime longam efficere,

    Sall. C. 1, 3; so,

    vitae summa brevis spem nos vetat incohare longam,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 15; cf. id. ib. 1, 11, 6:

    aut omnia breviora aliquanto fuere, aut Saguntum principio anni captum,

    occupied a shorter time, Liv. 21, 15, 5:

    brevissimum tempus,

    id. 5, 6, 7:

    detrimentum,

    Quint. 11, 1, 10:

    arbitrium mortis,

    Tac. A. 15, 60:

    breves populi Romani amores,

    id. ib. 2, 41:

    tempus,

    Suet. Ner. 20 al.:

    nobis quom semel occidit brevis lux, nox est perpetua una dormienda,

    Cat. 5, 5:

    fructus,

    Lucr. 3, 914:

    aevum,

    Hor. C. 2, 16, 17; id. S. 2, 6, 97; id. Ep. 2, 1, 144; Plin. Pan. 78, 2:

    anni,

    Hor. C. 4, 13, 22:

    ver,

    Ov. M. 1, 118; 10, 85:

    flores rosae,

    quickly withering, short-lived, Hor. C. 2, 3, 13:

    lilium,

    id. ib. 1, 36, 16:

    cena,

    frugal, id. Ep. 1, 14, 35:

    mensa,

    id. A. P. 198:

    dominus,

    living but a short time, id. C. 2, 14, 24:

    stultitia,

    id. ib. 4, 12, 27:

    ira furor brevis est,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 62:

    actio brevis atque concisa,

    Quint. 6, 4, 2:

    somnus,

    Sen. Troad. 441:

    nec gratius quicquam decore nec brevius,

    nothing is more acceptable, but nothing more perishable, fading, than beauty, Suet. Dom. 18:

    domus,

    Sen. Hippol. 762:

    fortuna,

    Sil. 4, 734.—
    2.
    Esp.
    a.
    Comp. brevius, with subj. clause, shorter, i.e. easier, more convenient:

    brevius visum urbana crimina incipi, quorum obvii testes erant,

    Tac. A. 13, 43: modo ne existimes brevius esse ab urbe mitti, Trag. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 40 (49), 3.—
    b.
    In brevi spatio, brevi spatio, in brevi tempore, brevi tempore, and absol. brevi or in brevi, in a short time, shortly (before or after) (brevi tempore and brevi are class.; the latter, as in Gr. en brachei, to be considered as neuter, without supplying tempore):

    inque brevi spatio mutantur saecla animantum,

    Lucr. 2, 77; so Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 2; Suet. Claud. 12; id. Ner. 30; cf.:

    in multo breviore temporis spatio,

    id. Aug. 22:

    multa brevi spatio simulacra geruntur,

    Lucr. 4, 160; Sall. J. 87, 3:

    spatio brevi,

    Hor. C. 1, 11, 6:

    res publica per vos brevi tempore jus suum recuperabit,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; 5, 21, 2; id. Tusc. 2, 2, 5; Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 11; Nep. Milt. 2, 1; id. Them. 1, 4; Suet. Caes. 3:

    sic ille affectus, brevi postea est mortuus,

    soon after, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142 (Zumpt;

    acc. to MSS. perbrevi).—So brevi post = paulo post: brevi post Marcellus Romam venit,

    Liv. 33, 37, 9; 24, 3, 14:

    brevi deinde,

    id. 24, 4, 9: (Britanni) tantum usu cotidiano et exercitatione efficiunt, uti in declivi ac praecipiti loco incitatos equos sustinere et brevi ( in a short time, i.e. with great rapidity) moderari ac flectere consuerint, Caes. B. G. 4, 33 fin. Herz. and Held.:

    fama tanti facinoris per omnem Africam brevi divolgatur,

    Sall. J. 13, 1; Nep. Them. 4, 4:

    mirantur tam brevi rem Romanam crevisse,

    Liv. 1, 9, 9:

    brevi omnia subegit,

    Suet. Caes. 34; so id. Aug. 17; 65; id. Vesp. 5; id. Gram. 3; Gell. 1, 15, 18: scire in brevi, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P.; Flor. 1, 1, 15.—
    c.
    Brevi, a short time, a little while: [p. 251] cunctatusque brevi, contortam viribus hastam in Persea misit, Ov. M. 5, 32; cf.:

    illa brevi spatio silet,

    id. ib. 7, 307; so,

    * breve,

    Cat. 61, 187.—
    d.
    Ad breve, for a short time, Suet. Tib. 68; cf.:

    ad breve quoddam tempus,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 31.—
    B.
    Transf. to things done or taking place in a short time; so most freq.
    1.
    Of discourse, short, brief, concise (most freq. in Cic. and Quint.):

    narratio,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 28; id. de Or. 3, 50, 196: laudatio;

    comprehensio et ambitus ille verborum erat apud illum contractus et brevis,

    id. Brut. 44, 162; cf. id. de Or. 2, 80, 326:

    nunc venio ad illa tua brevia: et primum illud, quo nihil potest esse brevius: bonum omne laudabile, etc.,

    id. Fin. 4, 18, 48:

    quam falsa re! quam brevia responsu!

    id. Clu. 59, 164: urbanitas est virtus quaedam in breve dictum coacta, Dom. Mars. ap. Quint. 6, 3, 104:

    Homerus brevem eloquentiam Menelao dedit,

    Quint. 12, 10, 64 (brevis = ou polumuthos, Hom. Il. 3, 214):

    breviores commentarii,

    Quint. 3, 8, 58:

    annotatio,

    id. 10, 7, 31:

    brevia illa atque concisa,

    id. 10, 7, 10; so,

    sententiae,

    id. 10, 1, 60:

    causae,

    id. 6, 1, 8:

    docendi compendia,

    id. 1, 1, 24:

    comprehensiones,

    id. 12, 2, 19:

    quod ut brevissimo pateat exemplo,

    id. 3, 6, 10: commendatio, requiring few words, i.e. moderate, Plin. 11, 42, 97, § 240.— Meton. of a speaker or orator, brief:

    multos imitatio brevitatis decipit, ut cum se breves putent esse, longissimi sint,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 38:

    brevior in scribendo,

    id. Att. 5, 6, 2:

    brevis esse laboro, Obscurus fio,

    Hor. A. P. 25:

    in eloquendo brevis,

    Quint. 10, 1, 63:

    densus et brevis et semper instans sibi Thucydides,

    id. 10, 1, 73.—Hence, brĕvī, adv., briefly, in few words (freq. and class.):

    brevi pro breviter M. Tullius de Orat. ad Quintum fratrem (1, 8, 34): ac ne plura quidem quae sunt innumerabilia consecter, comprehendam brevi,

    Charis. p. 176 P.:

    id percurram brevi,

    Cic. Caecin. 32, 94:

    aliquid explicare,

    id. Planc. 40, 95 Wund.:

    circumscribere et definire,

    id. Sest. 45, 97; so id. ib. 5, 12 Orell. N. cr.; id. Fin. 1, 17, 55:

    complecti,

    id. de Or. 1, 42, 190:

    exponere,

    id. ib. 1, 46, 203:

    reprehendere,

    id. Inv. 1, 9, 12:

    reddere,

    id. Leg. 2, 14, 34:

    respondere,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:

    perscribere,

    id. ib. 4, 5, 1; so Auct. Her. 4, 26, 35; 35, 47 al.; cf.:

    in brevi,

    Quint. 9, 4, 32.—So once in epistolary style: breve facere, to be short or brief:

    quid scribam? breve faciam,

    Cic. Att. 11, 7, 6; cf.:

    longum est ea dicere, sed hoc breve dicam,

    id. Sest. 5, 12.—Once, in breve cogere (diff. from I. A.), to comprise in few words, bring into a small compass:

    in breve coactae causae,

    Liv. 39, 47, 5; cf.:

    in breve coactio causae,

    Gai. Inst. 4, 15.— In late Lat. subst.: brĕvis, is, m. (sc. liber—acc. to another reading, brĕve, is, n.), a short catalogue, summary, = breviarium:

    brevis nominum,

    Vop. Aur. 36; so id. Bonos. 15; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 21; Hier. Ep. 5, n. 2 al.—
    2.
    Of a short syllable;

    rarely as adj.: Syllaba longa brevi subjecta vocatur iambus,

    Hor. A. P. 251:

    a brevis, gre brevis, faciet tamen longam priorem,

    Quint. 9, 4, 86 et saep.—More freq. subst.: brĕvis, is, f. (sc. syllaba):

    dactylus, qui est e longā et duabus brevibus,

    Cic. Or. 64, 217 sq.:

    in fine pro longā accipi brevem,

    Quint. 9, 4, 93; 9, 4, 86:

    plurimum habent celeritatis breves,

    id. 9, 4, 91.—

    Hence also once of a syllable long by position, but pronounced short: indoctus dicimus brevi primā litterā, insanus productā: inhumanus brevi, infelix longā,

    Cic. Or. 48, 159 Meyer N. cr.; cf. Gell. 2, 17 sqq., and Schütz Lex. Cic. s. v. brevis.—
    C.
    For parvus, exiguus, little, small:

    exigua pars brevisque,

    Lucr. 5, 591:

    Canidia brevibus implicata viperis,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 15:

    Alecto brevibus torquata colubris,

    Ov. H. 2, 119:

    brevi latere ac pede longo est,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 93; cf.

    just before: breve quod caput, ardua cervix, v. 89, and brevis alvus,

    Verg. G. 3, 80 (on the other hand, Nemes. 244:

    parvae alvi): mus,

    Ov. F. 2, 574:

    forma (sc. pueri in stellionem mutati),

    id. M. 5, 457.—

    So, lapathi herba,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 29 (brevis = parva, non excrescens in altum, Schol. Cruqu.):

    folia breviora,

    id. Ep. 1, 19, 26 (minor corona, Schol. Cruqu.):

    census,

    id. C. 2, 15, 13:

    pondus,

    id. S. 2, 2, 37:

    impensa,

    Ov. H. 7, 188 Ruhnk.:

    sigillum,

    id. M. 6, 86:

    insulae,

    Pall. 1, 28, 1; cf. Juv. 1, 73: vasculum, Pall. Apr. 8, 4:

    offulae,

    id. 1, 29, 4:

    pantheris in candido breves macularum oculi,

    Plin. 8, 17, 23, § 62.—With nom. abstr.:

    breve in exiguo marmore nomen ero,

    Prop. 2, 1, 72; Sen. Oedip. 935.—So, pondus, Hor. S. 2, 2, 37 al.—Hence, brĕ-vĭter, adv., shortly, briefly, etc.
    1.
    Of space (acc. to I.) (rare): seu libeat, curvo brevius convertere gyro, shorter, i. e. in a smaller circle, Tib. 4, 1, 94:

    parvo brevius quam totus,

    a little less than the whole, Plin. 2, 67, 67, § 168:

    Sarmatae, omisso arcu, quo brevius valent, contis gladiisque ruerent,

    Tac. A. 6, 35.—Far more freq. in prose and poetry,
    2.
    (Acc. to II. A. b. and c.) Of time, in a short time.
    a.
    In gen.:

    iratum breviter vites, inimicum diu, Publ. Syr. v. 249 Rib.: sapiens, cum breviter et strictim colore atque vultu motus est,

    Gell. 19, 1, 20.—
    b.
    Esp.
    (α).
    In expression, briefly, in brief, in few words, concisely, summarily:

    sed breviter paucis praestat comprendere multa,

    Lucr. 6, 1082: multa breviter et commode dicta (sc. apophthegmata; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104) memoriae mandabam, Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

    rem totam breviter cognoscite,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 169; 2, 3, 27, § 67; so id. de Or. 2, 83, 340:

    summatim breviterque describere,

    id. Or. 15, 50:

    breviter tangere,

    id. Off. 3, 2, 8 Beier N. cr.:

    breviter et modice disserere,

    Sall. J. 111, 1:

    adicere aliquid,

    Quint. 9, 3, 100; cf. also Verg. A. 2, 11; 4, 632; 6, 321; Ov. M. 2, 783:

    omnia soli Forsan Pacuvio breviter dabit (i.e. paucis testamenti verbis, quibus heres ex asse scribetur),

    Juv. 12, 125 Web. (cf. id. 1, 68: beatum exiguis tabulis).— Comp., Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 26; Quint. 8, prooem. § 1; 8, 6, 61; 9, 2, 16; 10, 1, 49; 11, 1, 5 al.— Sup., Cic. N. D. 2, 1, 3; id. Div. 1, 32, 70; Quint. 1, 10, 1; 4, 2, 113 al.—
    (β).
    Of syllables:

    quibus in verbis eae primae litterae sunt quae in sapiente atque felice, producte dicitur, in ceteris omnibus breviter,

    Cic. Or. 48, 159.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > brevis

  • 18 angustē

        angustē adv. with comp. and sup.    [angustus], narrowly, within a narrow space, closely: sedere, in close quarters: angustius se habere: angustissime Pompeium continere, Cs. — Fig., concisely: scribere.—Meton., pinchingly, stintingly: re frumentariā uti, Cs.: frumentum angustius provenerat, i. e. more sparingly, Cs.— With difficulty: xx milia transportare, Cs.
    * * *
    angustius, angustissime ADV
    closely, in close quarters/narrow limits, cramped, crowded; sparingly, scantily

    Latin-English dictionary > angustē

  • 19 angustō

        angustō —, —, āre    [angustus], to make narrow, straiten: iter corporum acervis, Ct.
    * * *
    angustare, angustavi, angustatus V TRANS
    narrow, reduce width/size/amount, constrict, limit; choke, crowd together/hamper

    Latin-English dictionary > angustō

  • 20 astrictus

        astrictus adj. with comp.    [P. of astringo], drawn together, narrow: limen, O.—Fig., sparing, parsimonious: pater, Pr.: auctor, Ta. — Of language, narrow, concise, compact: verborum comprehensio: eloquentia: numeris astrictior paulo.
    * * *
    astricta -um, astrictior -or -us, astrictissimus -a -um ADJ
    bound (by rules), tied; terse, brief, restrained; constricted, dense, compact; busy/preoccupied (with), intent (on); parsimonious, tight; astringent (taste)

    Latin-English dictionary > astrictus

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  • Narrow — bezeichnet unter anderem: Narrow banking, das Denkmodell eines Bankwesens Narrow Margin – 12 Stunden Angst, ein Spielfilm von 1990 Narrowboat, ein Bootstyp Siehe auch: Narrows Creek Narrows Island …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • narrow — I adjective attenuated, bigoted, circumscribed, compressed, confined, contracted, contractus, cramped, defined, dogmatic, exact, fanatical, fine, illiberal, incapacious, intolerant, limited, literal, narrow minded, opinionated, parochial, pinched …   Law dictionary

  • narrow — narrow, narrow minded *illiberal, intolerant, bigoted, hidebound Analogous words: rigorous, *rigid, strict, stringent: obdurate, *inflexible, inexorable: provincial, parochial, local, smalltown, *insular Antonyms: broad, broad minded Contrasted… …   New Dictionary of Synonyms

  • Narrow — Nar row, v. i. 1. To become less broad; to contract; to become narrower; as, the sea narrows into a strait. [1913 Webster] 2. (Man.) Not to step out enough to the one hand or the other; as, a horse narrows. Farrier s Dict. [1913 Webster] 3.… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English


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