in+confused

per-turbo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to throw into confusion or disorder, to confuse, disturb (cf.: confundo, misceo).

Lit.:

omnia,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 22:

provinciam,

Cic. Sull. 20, 56:

aetatum ordinem,

id. Brut. 62, 223:

condiciones pactionesque bellicas perjurio,

id. Off. 3, 29, 108:

dies intermissus aut nox interposita saepe perturbat omnia,

id. Mur. 17, 35:

reliquos (milites) incertis ordinibus perturbaverunt,

Caes. B. G. 4, 32:

aciem,

Sall. J. 59, 3:

domum,

Sen. Thyest. 83.— Pass., Plin. Pan. 76, 8.—

Transf., to mix or mingle together:

omnia subtiliter cretā permisceas cum salibus torrefactis ac tritis et diu oleo injecto perturbes,

Pall. 12, 18.—

Trop., to disturb, discompose, embarrass, confound:

mea consilia,

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 127:

mentes animosque perturbat timor,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39:

clamore perturbari,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 18:

animum, joined with concitare,

id. Or. 37, 128:

de rei publicae salute perturbari,

id. Mil. 1, 1:

haec te vox non perculit? non perturbavit?

id. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 132:

magno animi motu perturbatus,

id. Att. 8, 11, 1.—Hence, perturbātus, a, um, P. a.

Troubled, disturbed, unquiet:

mihi civitatem perturbatam vestris legibus et contionibus et deductionibus tradidistis,

Cic. Agr. 1, 8, 23:

perturbatissimum tempestatis genus,

Sen. Q. N. 7, 10, 3:

flamma quassatae rei publicae perturbatorumque temporum,

Cic. Sest. 34, [p. 1360] 73.—

Disturbed, embarrassed, discomposed:

homo perturbatior metu,

Cic. Att. 10, 14, 1:

sane sum perturbatus cum ipsius familiaritate,

id. ib. 1, 1, 4.— Subst.: per-turbāta, ōrum, n., confused visions, perverted truths:

nunc onusti cibo et vino perturbata et confusa cernimus,

Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60.— Adv.: perturbātē, confusedly, disorderly:

ne quid perturbate, ne quid contorte dicatur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 29; id. Or. 35, 122:

muta animalia perturbate moveri,

Sen. Ep. 124, 19.

sĕcus, n. indecl., v. sexus.

sĕcus.

Adj. [root seq- or secof sequor, q. v.], only comp. sĕquĭor, us, ōris, inferior, lower, worse (only post-class.; cf. Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 37, 3):

in sequiorem sexum,

App. M. 7, p. 192, 7:

sexus sequioris fetus,

id. ib. 10, p. 249, 33;

8, p. 206, 7: vitae sequioris,

Dig. 2, 15, 8, § 11:

fortuna sequior,

Amm. 18, 6, 6.—

Adv. (prop., following, later in rank or order, i. e. less than something mentioned before; hence, in gen.), otherwise, differently, not so; and esp. freq. with a negative (per litoten), not otherwise, i. e. even so, just so (opp. always to what is right, correct, or proper, not to what is wrong; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 1056 sq.; for comp. forms, v. I. B. infra).

Posit. (freq. and class.;

syn. aliter): si illuc, quod volumus, eveniet, gaudebimus: Sin secus, patiemur animis aequis,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 25:

si bonus est, obnoxius sum: sin secus est, faciam, uti jubes,

id. Trin. 4, 3, 57:

oratorum genera esse dicuntur tamquam poëtarum. Id secus est,

Cic. Opt. Gen. 1, 1; id. Rep. 1, 19, 32; cf. id. Att. 4, 17, 1:

(ille est) quem dudum dixi. Hoc si secus reperies, etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 92:

videsne, quod paulo ante secus tibi videbatur,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 26: magnum mehercule hominem, nemo dicet secus;

sed, etc.,

id. Brut. 85, 293:

quod si ita esset... ad amicitiam esset aptissimus: quod longe secus est,

id. Lael. 9, 29:

omnia longe secus,

id. Part. 5, 15:

videtote, quanto secus ego fecerim, Cato ap. Charis, p. 192 P.: nobis aliter videtur: recte secusne, postea,

whether rightly or not, right or wrong, Cic. Fin. 3, 13, 44:

recte an secus,

id. Pis. 28, 68; cf.:

honestis an secus amicis uteretur,

Tac. A. 13, 6 fin.:

pro bene aut secus consulto,

for good or ill, Liv. 7, 6; cf.:

prout bene ac (al. aut) secus cessit,

Plin. Pan. 44, 8:

prout opportune proprieque aut secus collocata sunt (verba),

Quint. 10, 2, 13:

(artes) utiles aut secus,

id. 2, 20, 1 et saep.—

With quam or atque: secus aetatem agerem, quam illi egissent, Cato ap. Charis, p. 195 P.; Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 91:

ne quid fiat secus quam volumus quamque oportet,

Cic. Att. 6, 2, 2:

eadem sunt membra in utriusque disputatione, sed paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,

id. de Or. 3, 30, 119.—

Non (nec) secus or haud secus (the latter not in Cic.), not otherwise, i. e. even so, just so:

educavit (eam) magna industria, Quasi si esset ex se nata, non multo secus,

Plaut. Cas. prol. 46; cf.:

fit obviam Clodio hora fere undecima aut non multo secus,

Cic. Mil. 10, 29:

quod non multo secus fieret,

id. Fam. 4, 9, 2:

bibitur, estur, quasi in popinā, haud secus,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 13:

ita jam quasi canes, haud secus, circumstabant navem,

id. Trin. 4, 1, 16:

veluti qui anguem pressit, etc....Haud secus Androgeos visu tremefactus abibat,

Verg. A. 2, 382:

aequam memento rebus in arduis Servare mentem, non secus in bonis,

Hor. C. 2, 3, 2:

qualis in arvis movet arma leo,...Haud secus gliscit violentia Turno,

Verg. A. 12, 9:

nec secus apud principem ad mortem aguntur,

Tac. A. 6, 10 et saep.— With gen.:

alaeque et auxilia cohortium neque multo secus in iis virium,

Tac. A. 4, 5 fin. —In negative questions:

dedistine ei gladium, qui se occideret?...Quid secus est aut quid interest, dare te argentum, etc.,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 93.—

With ac or quam (the latter not in Cic.: non secus ac = non aliter ac; but: non secus quam = non minus quam, Zumpt ad Cic. Mur. 4, 10; cf.

infra): numquam secus Habui illam, ac si ex me esset nata,

Ter. Hec. 2, 3, 5:

itaque illud quod dixi, non dixi secus ac sentiebam,

Cic. de Or. 2, 6, 24; so,

non secus ac,

id. Mur. 4, 10; id. Planc. 1, 3; id. Fam. 3, 5, 4; Hor. A. P. 149; Ov. M. 15, 180 al.:

haud secus ac,

Sall. J. 79, 6; Verg. A. 3, 236 al.:

accepit ad sese, haud secus quam si ex se simus natae,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 79; so,

haud secus quam,

Liv. 5, 36; 5, 41; 8, 8; 8, 9 et saep.; Ov. M. 12, 102 al.; Curt. 3, 2, 1; 8, 1, 21; 8, 11, 17:

non secus quam,

Ov. M. 2, 727; 12, 480:

nec secus quam,

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 26; id. Capt. 2, 2, 23; 2, 3, 68: ne [p. 1657] secus quam, Tac. A. 4, 8.—In the poets freq. non (haud) secus ac, for introducing a comparison:

non secus ac patriis acer Roma-nus in armis, etc.,

Verg. G. 3, 346:

non secus ac,

id. A. 8, 243; 10, 272; 12, 856; Ov. M. 8, 162:

non secus atque,

Verg. A. 8, 391:

haud secus atque,

id. ib. 11, 456; Ov. M. 9, 40; cf. also without ac:

non secus in jugis stupet Evias,

Hor. C. 3, 25, 8.—

Pregn., otherwise than as it should be, or, than is wished, i. e. not well, ill, badly (rare but class.):

magna consolatio est, cum recordare, etiam si secus acciderit, te, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 2:

ea ipsa...secus ab eo in me ipsum facta esse,

id. Att. 9, 9, 1:

cum in alterā re causa nihil esset quin secus judicaret ipse de se,

id. Quint. 9, 32:

cadere,

Tac. A. 2, 80; 6, 22: prius omnia pati decrevit;

quam bellum sumere, quia temptatum antea secus cesserat,

Sall. J. 20, 5:

quod ubi secus procedit,

id. ib. 25, 10:

Quintus frater purgat se multum per litteras et affirmat nihil a se cuiquam de te secus esse dictum,

Cic. Att. 1, 19, 11:

loqui de aliquo (just before, irreligiose),

Tac. A. 2, 50:

scribere de aliquo,

Liv. 8, 33, 15:

existimare de aliquo,

Cic. Clu. 44, 124; id. Fam. 3, 6, 6.—

Comp. in four forms, which are often confused in MSS. and edd.; sĕquĭus, but with negatives or quo, eo, nihilo, etc., usu. sētĭus, less correctly sē-cĭus; also (ante-class.) sectĭus, Plaut. ap. Gell. 18, 94; id. Trin. 1, 2, 93 Ritschl (v. on the authorities for these forms, Neue, Formenl. 2, 691 sq.): nisi inpediret ingeni inbecillitas Metusque me, quo setius me colligam, so that I cannot (syn.:

quo minus), Afran. ap. Charis, p. 195 (Com. Rel. v. 291 Rib.): impedimento est, quo setius lex feratur,

Auct. Her. 1, 12, 21:

quoniam in eo consistit, melius an sequius terrae mandaverit pater familias pecuniam,

Col. 3, 4, 3:

invitus, quod sequius sit, de meis civibus loquor,

Liv. 2, 37, 3.—

Non (haud) setius:

instat non setius ac rotat ensem,

none the less, just as much, Verg. A. 9, 441; so,

non setius,

id. G. 3, 367:

nec setius,

id. ib. 2, 277:

haud setius,

id. A. 7, 781:

si servus meus esses, nihilo setius Mihi obsequiosus semper fuisti,

no less, just as, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 57:

nihilo setius,

nevertheless, Ter. And. 3, 2, 27; cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 49; so,

nihilo setius,

id. ib. 4, 17; id. B. C. 3, 26; Suet. Vesp. 6; Nep. Con. 2, 4; cf.:

nihilo tamen setius,

Caes. B. G. 5, 4; 5, 7:

tamen nihilo setius,

Nep. Att. 22, 3:

nec hōc setius,

Lucr. 6, 315:

nec eo setius,

Suet. Caes. 8; id. Ner. 24; 42; id. Vit. 10; id. Dom. 12; id. Gram. 20; Nep. Milt. 2, 3:

nec tamen eo setius,

Suet. Dom. 2.—

With quam:

haec nihilo mihi esse videntur sectius quam somnia,

Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 57.—In negative questions:

quid fecimus? quid diximus tibi sequius quam velles?

Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 22.—

Pregn. (v. supra, I. A. 2.), ill, badly:

sed memet moror, cum hoc ago setius,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 24: sin, id quod non spero, ratio talis sequius ceciderit, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 195 P. (Com. Rel. p. 291 Rib.):

vereor ne homines de me sequius loquantur,

Sen. Ben. 6, 42, 2.—

Prep. with acc. (anteclass. and late Lat.), by, beside, along, on:

id quod vulgus usurpat Secus illum sedi, hoc est secundum illum, et novum et sordidum est,

Charis. p. 61 P.:

dextra sinistra foramina utrimque secus laminas,

Cato, R. R. 21, 2: ut quae secus mare essent locis regnaret, Enn. ap. Lact. 1, 11, 34:

SECVS VIAM,

Inscr. Orell. 3688 (but in Quint. 8, 2, 20; Plin. 24, 15, 85, § 135, the best MSS. have secundum):

SECVS CONIVGEM,

Inscr. Grut. 806, 5:

secus viam,

Vulg. Tob. 11, 5:

secus mare,

id. Matt. 13, 1 et saep.—

Transf., according to, in proportion to:

SECVS MERITA EIVS,

Inscr. Orell. 7170.—

Affixed to a pron., = side: altrinsecus, on the other side: utrinsecus, on both sides: circumsecus, on all sides, round about.

spīnōsus, a, um, adj. [spina], full of thorns or prickles, thorny, prickly.

Lit.:

caprae in spinosis locis pascuntur,

Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 8:

herbae,

Ov. M. 2, 810:

frutecta,

Plin. 30, 11, 30, § 101:

caulis,

id. 19, 3, 17, § 47:

folia,

id. 20, 23, 99, § 262:

cortex,

id. 12, 15, 34, § 67:

spinosior arbor,

id. 24, 12, 67, § 109:

fragmenta vertebrae,

Cels. 8, 9 fin. —

Trop., thorny.

Of style, harsh, crabbed, obscure, confused, perplexed:

Stoicorum spinosum disserendi genus,

Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 3:

oratio,

id. de Or. 1, 18, 83.— Comp.:

haec enim spinosiora prius ut confitear me cogunt,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 16; id. Or. 32, 114; Varr. L. L. 8, § 51 Müll.— Sup.:

praeceptorum nodosissimae et spinosissimae disciplinae,

Aug. Doctr. Chr. 2, 37.—

Of cares, stinging, galling. irritating:

curae,

Cat. 64, 72; cf. spina, II.

spīra, ae, f., = speira.

That which is wound, wreathed, coiled, or twisted; a coil, fold, twist, spire (cf. orbis);

of a serpent,

Verg. G. 2, 154; id. A. 2, 217; Ov. M. 3, 77.—Of the grain of wood, Plin. 16, 39, 76, § 198.—Of the intestines, Lact. Opif. Dei, 11, § 16.—

Concr.:

spira dicitur et basis columnae unius tori aut duorum, et genus operis pistorii, et funis nauticus in orbem convolutus, ab eādem omnes similitudine. Pacuvius: Quid cessatis, socii, ejicere spiras sparteas? Ennius quidem hominum multitudinem ita appellat, cum ait: spiras legionibus nexunt,

Fest. p. 300 Müll. (Ann. v. 501 Vahl., where the read. is nexit).—So,

The base of a column, Vitr. 3, 3; 4, 1; Plin. 36, 23, 56, § 179.—

A kind of twisted cake, a twist, cracknel, Cato, R. R. 77.—

A coil of rope, Pac. ap. Fest. l. l.—

A braid of hair, Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 117; Val. Fl. 6, 396.—

A twisted tie for fastening the hat under the chin, Juv. 8, 208.—

A confused crowd of men, Enn. ap. Fest. l. l.

strāges, is, f. [sterno, II. B.], a throwing down, throwing to the ground, overthrowing; an overthrow; confusion, confused heap or mass (cf.: acervus, strues; not freq. till after the Aug. per., esp. in Liv.; not in Cæs.).

Lit.

In gen.

With gen.:

strage armorum saepta via est,

Liv. 35, 30:

nemorum,

Sil. 3, 205:

ruinae,

Liv. 42, 63:

minarum,

id. 37, 32:

aedificiorum et hominum,

Tac. A. 1, 76:

obstantis molis,

id. H. 1, 86:

rerum in trepidatione nocturna passim relictarum,

Liv. 10, 34:

boum hominumque,

id. 41, 21:

canum volucrumque aviumque boumque,

Ov. M. 7, 536:

exercituum,

Val. Max. 6, 6, ext. 1.—

Absol.:

dabit ille (nimbus) ruinas Arboribus stragemque satis,

Verg. A. 12, 454:

atrox tempestas multis locis stragem fecit,

Liv. 40, 2:

strage ac ruinā fudere Gallos,

id. 5, 43; cf. id. 4, 33.—

Pregn., a mortal overthrow; a defeat, slaughter, massacre, butchery, carnage (syn.: caedes, clades): stragem horribilem caedemque vereri, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 12, 20; so (with caedes) Tac. A. 14, 36; Just. 10, 3, 1; Val. Max. 5, 6, 5; cf.:

quantas acies stragemque ciebunt!

Verg. A. 6, 829:

confusae stragis acervus,

id. ib. 6, 504:

complere strage campos,

Liv. 7, 24.—In plur.:

strages facere,

Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 31:

strages edere,

id. Leg. 3, 9, 22; id. Att. 1, 16, 1; Verg. A. 9, 526; 9, 784; Just. 33, 2, 2; cf.

also II.: cruentae,

Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 132.—

Trop., overthrow, ruin, destruction:

quas ego pugnas et quantas strages edidi!

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 1.

strĕpĭtus, ūs ( gen. strepiti, Enn. ap. Non. 490, 8; or Trag. v. 205 Vahl.), m. [strepo].

Lit., a (wild, confused) noise, din of any kind; a clashing, crashing, rustling, rattling, clattering, clanking, rumbling, etc. (class. and very freq.; cf.: crepitus, stridor, fragor): strepitus, fremitus, clamor tonitruum, Poët. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 2, 1; cf.:

strepitus, crepitus, sonitus, tonitrus,

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 10: molarum strepitus, Enn. ap. Non. 506, 3 (Com. v. 7 Vahl.):

fluminum,

Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 21:

strepitu nullo clam reserare fores,

Tib. 1, 8, 60; so,

ingens valvarum,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 112:

audis quo strepitu janua remugiat,

id. C. 3, 10, 5:

rotarum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 33; Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 7:

obscenus, i. e. ventris,

Petr. 117 et saep.:

comitum conventus, strepitus, clamor mulierum Fecere, ut, etc., Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 27: non strepitu, sed maximo clamore,

Cic. Verr. 1, 15, 45 (cf. id. Agr. 3, 1, 2):

inde fragore gravi strepitus loca terret,

Ov. M. 11, 365:

prae strepitu et clamore,

Liv. 2, 27, 8:

magno cum strepitu ac tumultu castris egressi,

Caes. B. G. 2, 11; so (with tumultus) id. ib. 6, 7, 8; Cic. Att. 13, 48, 1:

concursus hominum forique strepitus,

id. Brut. 92, 317:

Romae,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 12:

inter strepitum tot bellorum,

Liv. 4, 1, 5; cf.:

sententiarum vanissimus strepitus,

Petr. 1, 2.—In plur.:

canis, sollicitum animal ad nocturnos strepitus,

Liv. 5, 47, 3:

vino, strepitibus clamoribusque nocturnis attoniti,

id. 39, 15, 9.—

Poet., transf., a (measured, regular) sound:

citharae,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 31:

testudinis aureae,

id. C. 4, 3, 18:

tibicinae,

id. Ep. 1, 14, 26.

torquĕo, torsi, tortum, 2 (archaic inf. torquerier, Hor. S. 2, 8, 67), v. a. [Gr. trepô, to turn; cf. atrekês; also Sanscr. tarkus; Gr. atraktos, a spindle; and strephô, to twist], to turn, turn about or away; to twist, bend, wind (class.; syn. converto).

Lit.

In gen.:

cervices oculosque,

Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 39:

oculum,

to roll, distort, id. Ac. 2, 25, 80:

ora,

to twist awry, id. Off. 1, 36, 131:

ab obscenis sermonibus aurem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 127:

oculos ad moenia,

Verg. A. 4, 220:

ad sonitum vocis vestigia,

id. ib. 3, 669:

serpens squamosos orbes Torquet,

Ov. M. 3, 42; cf.

anguis,

Verg. G. 3, 38:

capillos ferro,

i. e. to curl, frizzle, Ov. A. A. 1, 505:

stamina pollice,

id. M. 12, 475:

remis aquas,

id. F. 5, 644:

spumas,

Verg. A. 3, 208:

taxos in arcus,

to bend, id. G. 2, 448:

tegumen torquens immane leonis,

winding about him, id. A. 7, 666:

cum terra circum axem se convertat et torqueat,

Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123:

torta circum bracchia vestis,

Tac. H. 5, 22.—

In partic.

To whirl around, to whirl in the act of throwing, to wield, brandish, to fling with force, to hurl (mostly poet.):

torquet nunc lapidem, nunc ingens machina tignum,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 73:

amnis torquet sonantia saxa,

Verg. A. 6, 551:

stuppea torquentem Balearis verbera fundae,

id. G. 1, 309:

jaculum in hostem,

id. A. 10, 585; Ov. M. 12, 323: hastam in hunc, id. ib 5, 137;

for which: hastam alicui,

Val. Fl. 3, 193:

telum aurata ad tempora,

Verg. A. 12, 536:

tela manu,

Ov. M. 12, 99:

valido pila lacerto,

id. F. 2, 11:

glebas, ramos,

id. M. 11, 30:

cum fulmina torquet (Juppiter),

Verg. A. 4, 208;

and trop.: cum Juppiter horridus austris Torquet aquosam hiemem,

id. ib. 9, 671; cf.:

Eurus nubes in occiduum orbem,

Luc. 4, 63.—In prose:

torquere amentatas hastas lacertis,

Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 242.—

To twist awry, misplace, turn aside, distort:

negat sibi umquam, cum oculum torsisset, duas ex lucernā flammulas esse visas,

Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 80:

ora Tristia temptantum sensu (sapor) torquebit amaro,

Verg. G. 2, 247.—

To wrench the limbs upon the rack, to put to the rack or to the torture, to rack, torture (class.):

ita te nervo torquebo, itidem uti catapultae solent,

Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 12:

eculeo torqueri,

Cic. Fin. 3, 13, 42:

aliquem servilem in modum,

Suet. Aug. 27; cf.:

ira torquentium,

Tac. A. 15, 57:

servum in caput domini,

against his master, Dig. 48, 18, 1: vinctus tortusve, [p. 1880] Suet. Aug. 40 fin. —

Trop.

In gen., to twist, wrest, distort, turn, bend, direct (a favorite expression of Cicero):

versare suam naturam et regere ad tempus atque huc et illuc torquere ac flectere,

Cic. Cael. 6, 13:

torquere et flectere imbecillitatem animorum,

id. Leg. 1, 10, 29:

oratio ita flexibilis, ut sequatur, quocumque torqueas,

id. Or. 16, 52:

omnia ad suae causae commodum,

id. Inv. 2, 14, 46:

verbo ac litterā jus omne torqueri,

wrested, perverted, id. Caecin. 27, 77:

sonum,

to inflect, Auct. Her. 3, 14, 25:

cuncta tuo qui bella, pater, sub numine torques,

Verg. A. 12, 180:

versare sententias, et huc atque illuc torquere,

Tac. H. 1, 85.—

In partic. (acc. to A. 2.), to rack, torment, torture (syn.:

ango, crucio): tuae libidines te torquent,

Cic. Par. 2, 18:

mitto aurum coronarium, quod te diutissime torsit,

id. Pis. 37, 90: acriter nos tuae supplicationes torserunt, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 1:

equidem dies noctesque torqueor,

Cic. Att. 7, 9, 4:

verbi controversia jam diu torquet Graeculos homines,

id. de Or. 1, 11, 47; 3, 9, 33:

stulti malorum memoriā torquentur,

id. Fin. 1, 17, 57:

sollicitudine, poenitentia, etc., torquetur mens,

Quint. 12, 1, 7:

invidiā vel amore vigil torquebere,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 37; Ov. H. 20, 123:

torqueor, infesto ne vir ab hoste cadat,

id. ib. 9, 36; cf. Hor. S. 2, 8, 67:

Aeacus torquet umbras,

holds inquisition over, Juv. 1, 9.— Transf.: (reges) dicuntur torquere mero, quem perspexisse laborant, qs. to rack with wine, i. e. to try or test with wine, Hor. A. P. 435; so,

vino tortus et irā,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 38.—

To hurl, fling (of language):

curvum sermone rotato enthymema,

Juv. 6, 449.—Hence, tortus, a, um, P. a., twisted, crooked, contorted, distorted.

Lit.:

via (labyrinthi),

Prop. 4 (5), 4, 42:

quercus,

i. e. a twisted oakgarland, Verg. G. 1, 349.—Hence,

Subst.: torta, ae, f., a twisted loaf, a twist, Vulg. 1 Par. 16, 3. —

Trop.:

condiciones,

confused, complicated, Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 25. — Adv.: tortē, awry, crookedly:

torte penitusque remota,

Lucr. 4, 305 (329).

tortŭōsus, a, um, adj. [tortus].

Full of crooks or turns, winding, tortuous (class.).

Lit.:

est autem (alvus) multiplex et tortuosa,

Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136:

loca,

id. ib. 2, 57, 144:

serrula,

id. Clu. 64, 180:

per tortuosi amnis sinus flexusque,

Liv. 27, 47, 10:

serpens,

Vulg. Isa. 27, 1: coluber, id. Job, 26, 13.— Comp.:

quiddam tortuosius,

Plin. 11, 46, 106, § 255.—

Trop., entangled, involved, complicated, confused:

tortuosum genus disputandi,

Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 98:

visa quaedam tortuosa et obscura,

id. Div. 2, 63, 129:

ingenium,

id. Lael. 18, 65:

res anxiae et tortuosae,

Gell. 13, 11, 4.— Sup.:

quis aperit tortuosissimam istam et implicatissimam nodositatem?

Aug. Conf. 2, 10. —

Painful, torturing:

rusci radix bibitur in tortuosiore urinā,

i. e. in strangury, Plin. 21, 27, 100, § 173.—

* Adv.: tortŭōsē, crookedly, tortuously:

procedat serpens,

Tert. adv. Valent. 4, 43 fin.

tŭmultŭārĭus, a, um, adj. [tumultus], of or belonging to bustle, hurry, or tumult; in milit. lang., of troops brought hurriedly together, raised hastily or suddenly (not ante-Aug., but esp. freq. in Livy).

Lit.:

tumultuario exercitu raptim ducto,

Liv. 5, 37, 7; so,

milites,

id. 35, 2, 7; 35, 23, 8;

Auct. B. Alex. 34, 5: manus,

Curt. 4, 16, 24:

militia,

Gell. 16, 10, 13.—

Transf., that is done or happens in a hurry, hurried, hasty, sudden, confused, irregular, disorderly, tumultuary:

pugna,

Liv. 21, 8, 7:

opus,

id. 6, 29, 4:

ex opere tumultuario suspicari,

Quint. 7, 3, 34:

rogus,

Suet. Calig. 59:

repentinā et quasi tumultuariā doctrinā praeditus,

Gell. 11, 7, 3:

tumultuariae et inconditae exercitationes linguae,

id. 6, 16, 1:

carmen,

i. e. unpremeditated, improvised, Sid. Ep. 2, 10.— Adv.: tŭmultŭārĭē, tumultuously, hastily, hurriedly:

his raptim ac tumultuarie actis,

Amm. 24, 2, 18; Aur. Vict. Caes. 40; 17; Spart. Carac. 6.

tŭmultŭor, ātus, 1, v. dep. n. [tumultus], to make a bustle or disturbance, to be in great agitation or confusion, be in an uproar, raise a tumult:

in otio tumultuaris, in tumultu es otiosus,

Auct. Her. 4, 15, 21:

non decet tumultuari,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 22:

saepe et sine causā,

Cic. Agr. 2, 37, 101:

quid tumultuaris, soror? quid insanis?

id. Cael. 15, 36:

fortis et constantis est, non perturbari in rebus asperis nec tumultuantem de gradu deici,

confused, agitated, id. Off. 1, 23, 80; Petr. 79:

tumultuari Gallias comperit,

to be in an uproar, Suet. Galb. 9; Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 3.—

Esp. of oratory, to storm, rant, talk at random, etc.:

mihi ne dicere quidem videtur, nisi qui disposite, ornate, copiose dicit, sed tumultuari,

Quint. 10, 7, 12:

oratio carens hac virtute (i. e. ordine) tumultuetur necesse est,

id. Inst. 7, prooem. § 3; so id. ib. 2, 12, 11.

Act. collat. form tŭmultŭo, āre:

quid sit mi expedi, quor tumultues,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 15; 3, 2, 24.—

Impers. pass.: hostibus nuntiatur, in castris Romanorum praeter consuetudinem tumultuari, that there is a tumult or disturbance in the camp, Caes. B. G. 7, 61; Liv. 36, 44, 4:

cum tumultuatum in castris sciret,

id. 25, 21, 2:

cum Gallis tumultuatum verius quam belligeratum,

id. 21, 16, 4; Flor. 4, 12, 30.