fossa

red-undo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n.; of water, from being over full, to run back or over, to pour over, stream over, overflow (freq. and class.; a favorite word of Cic., esp. in trop. senses; not in Cæs., Verg., or Hor.; cf.: refluo, recurro).

Lit.:

mare neque redundat unquam neque effunditur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 45, 116:

si lacus Albanus redundasset,

id. Div. 2, 32, 69; so,

lacus,

id. ib. 1, 44, 100; cf. Suet. Claud. 32: redundantibus cloacis, Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Non. 138, 7 (id. H. 3, 26 Dietsch):

Nilus campis redundat,

Lucr. 6, 712; so,

fons campis,

id. 5, 603; and:

aqua gutture pleno,

Ov. R. Am. 536:

cum pituita redundat aut bilis,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 10, 23; cf.:

locos pituitosos et quasi redundantes,

id. Fat. 4, 7:

sanguis in ora et oculos redundat,

Flor. 3, 17, 8. —

Poet., in part. pass.:

redundatus = redundans: amne redundatis fossa madebat aquis,

Ov. F. 6, 402; and for undans: (Boreae vis saeva) redundatas flumine cogit aquas, the swelling, surging waters (opp. aequato siccis aquilonibus Istro), id. Tr. 3, 10, 52.—

Transf.: redundare aliquā re, or absol., to be over full of, to overflow with any thing.

Of things:

quae (crux) etiam nunc civis Romani sanguine redundat,

is soaked with, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 11, § 26; cf.:

sanguine hostium Africa,

id. Imp. Pomp. 11, 30; and id. Cat. 3, 10, 24:

largus manat cruor: ora redundant Et patulae nares,

Luc. 9, 812.—

Of persons:

hesternā cenā redundantes,

Plin. Pan. 63, 3. —

Trop., to flow forth in excess, superabound, redound, to be superfluous, redundant; to flow forth freely, to be copious, to abound:

is (Molo) dedit operam, ut nimis redundantes nos juvenili quādam dicendi impunitate et licentiā reprimeret, et quasi extra ripas diffluentes coërceret,

Cic. Brut. 91, 316:

ne aut non compleas verbis, quod proposueris, aut redundes,

id. Part. Or. 7, 18; cf.:

Stesichorus redundat atque effunditur,

Quint. 10, 1, 62:

Asiatici oratores parum pressi et nimis redundantes,

Cic. Brut. 13, 51; id. de Or. 2, 21, 88; cf. Quint. 9, 4, 116; 12, 10, 12; 17:

hoc tempus omne post consulatum objecimus iis fluctibus, qui per nos a communi peste depulsi, in nosmet ipsos redundarunt,

Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 3:

quod redundabit de vestro frumentario quaestu,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 66, § 155:

quorum (vitiorum) ad amicos redundet infamia,

id. Lael. 21, 76: vitia Atheniensium in civitatem nostram, id. Rep. 1, 3, 5:

si ex hoc beneficio nullum in me periculum redundavit,

id. Sull. 9, 27; cf.:

servi, ad quos aliquantum etiam ex cottidianis sumptibus ac luxurie redundet,

id. Cael. 23, 57 fin.:

in genus auctoris miseri fortuna redundat,

Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 73:

nationes, quae numero hominum ac multitudine ipsa poterant in provincias nostras redundare,

id. Prov. Cons. 12, 31:

si haec in eum annum redundarint,

id. Mur. 39, 85:

quod laudem adulescentis propinqui existimo etiam ad meum aliquem fructum redundare,

to redound, id. Lig. 3, 8; cf.:

gaudeo tuā gloriā, cujus ad me pars aliqua redundat,

Plin. Ep. 5, 12, 2:

omnium quidem beneficiorum quae merentibus tribuuntur non ad ipsos gaudium magis quam ad similes redundat,

id. Pan. 62, 1; Quint. 12, 2, 19:

nisi operum suorum ad se laudem, manubias ad patriam redundare maluisset,

Val. Max. 4, 3, 13:

ut gloria ejus ad ipsum redundaret,

id. 8, 14, ext. 4;

Auct. B. Alex. 60, 2: animus per se multa desiderat, quae ad officium fructumve corporis non redundant,

Lact. 7, 11, 7:

ex rerum cognitione efflorescat et redundet oportet oratio,

pour forth copiously, abundantly, Cic. de Or. 1, 6, 20:

ex meo tenui vectigali... aliquid etiam redundabit,

something will still remain, id. Par. 6, 3, 49:

non reus ex eā causā redundat Postumus,

does not appear to be guilty, id. Rab. Post. 5, 11:

hinc illae extraordinariae pecuniae redundarunt,

have flowed, proceeded, id. Verr. 2, 1, 39, § 100; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 43, § 103: ne quid hoc parricidā civium interfecto, invidiae mihi in posteritatem redundaret, should redound to or fall upon me, id. Cat. 1, 12, 29. —

Poet., with acc.:

Vulturnus Raucis talia faucibus redundat,

spouts forth, Stat. S. 4, 3, 71.—

Transf., to be present in excess; to be redundant, superabound; and: redundare aliquā re, to have an excess or redundancy of any thing: redundat aurum ac thesauri patent, Lucil. ap. Non. 384, 17:

in quibus (definitionibus) neque abesse quicquam decet neque redundare,

Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 83; cf.:

ut neque in Antonio deesset hic ornatus orationis neque in Crasso redundaret,

id. ib. 3, 4, 16; Quint. 1, 4, 9:

ut nulla (species) neque praetermittatur neque redundet,

Cic. Or. 33, 117:

munitus indicibus fuit, quorum hodie copia redundat,

id. Sest. 44, 95:

splendidissimorum hominum multitudine,

id. Pis. 11, 25; cf.:

redundante multitudine,

Tac. H. 2, 93:

quod bonum mihi redundat,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1:

quo posset urbs et accipere ex mari, quo egeret, et reddere, quo redundaret,

id. Rep. 2, 5, 10:

omnibus vel ornamentis vel praesidiis redundare,

id. Fam. 3, 10, 5:

tuus deus non digito uno redundat, sed capite, collo, cervicibus, etc.,

id. N. D. 1, 35, 99:

hominum multitudine,

id. Pis. 11, 25; cf.

armis,

Tac. H. 2, 32:

hi clientelis etiam exterarum nationum redundabant,

id. Or. 36:

acerbissimo luctu redundaret ista victoria,

Cic. Lig. 5, 15:

Curiana defensio tota redundavit hilaritate quādam et joco,

id. de Or. 2, 54, 221.— Hence, rĕdundans, antis, P. a., overflowing, superfluous, excessive, redundant:

amputatio et decussio redundantioris nitoris,

Tert. Cult. Fem. 2, 9.— Adv.: rĕdundanter, redundantly, superfluously, excessively, Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 21.— Comp., Ambros. Ep. 82, 27.

rĕ-gĕro, gessi, gestum, 3, v. a., to bear, carry, or bring back (freq. only after the Aug. per.).

Lit.:

si summa terra sublata ex fundo meo et alia regesta esset,

Dig. 7, 4, 24 fin.:

terram e fossā,

Liv. 44, 11:

tellurem,

to throw back, Ov. M. 11, 188:

humum,

to throw up, Col. 11, 3, 5; cf. subst.:

scrŏbis (collat. form scrobs, only acc. to Prisc. p. 751 P., and by a false read. in some edd. in Col. 4, 4, 1; 5, 5, 1 sq.; 5, 6, 18; 5, 10, 4), is, m., less freq. f. [root skrabh-, v. scribo].

Lit., a ditch, dike, trench (syn. fossa; class.); masc., Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. 225; 7; 8; Varr. Fragm. ib. 11; Cic. Fragm. ap. Serv. Verg. G. 2, 288; Col. 4, 1, 5; 5, 5, 2; 5, 5, 4; 5, 6, 18 et saep.— Fem., Gracchus ap. Serv. Verg. G. 2, 288; Ov. M. 7, 243; Luc. 8, 756; Col. 4, 4, 1; 12, 46, 4; Plin. 16, 31, 57, § 131; Tac. A. 15, 67 fin.; Pall. 1, 5, 3.—

Transf.

A grave, Mart. 10, 97, 3; Tac. A. 1, 61 fin.; 15, 67 fin.; Suet. Ner. 49.—

Virginalis = pudendum muliebre, Arn. 4, 131.

scrŏbis (collat. form scrobs, only acc. to Prisc. p. 751 P., and by a false read. in some edd. in Col. 4, 4, 1; 5, 5, 1 sq.; 5, 6, 18; 5, 10, 4), is, m., less freq. f. [root skrabh-, v. scribo].

Lit., a ditch, dike, trench (syn. fossa; class.); masc., Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. 225; 7; 8; Varr. Fragm. ib. 11; Cic. Fragm. ap. Serv. Verg. G. 2, 288; Col. 4, 1, 5; 5, 5, 2; 5, 5, 4; 5, 6, 18 et saep.— Fem., Gracchus ap. Serv. Verg. G. 2, 288; Ov. M. 7, 243; Luc. 8, 756; Col. 4, 4, 1; 12, 46, 4; Plin. 16, 31, 57, § 131; Tac. A. 15, 67 fin.; Pall. 1, 5, 3.—

Transf.

A grave, Mart. 10, 97, 3; Tac. A. 1, 61 fin.; 15, 67 fin.; Suet. Ner. 49.—

Virginalis = pudendum muliebre, Arn. 4, 131.

sŏlĭdus, a, um (contr. collat. form sol-dus, a, um, Hor. S. 1, 2, 113; 2, 5, 65), adj. [Sanscr. sarvas, all; Gr. holos, whole; old Lat. sollus; cf. sollistimus], firm, dense, compact, not hollow, solid (class.).

Lit.: individua et solida corpora (sc. atomoi), Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 18; cf. id. Div. 2, 67, 98:

terra solida et globosa,

id. N. D. 2, 39, 137:

columna aurea (opp. extrinsecus inaurata),

id. Div. 1, 24, 48; cf.

cornua (opp. cava),

Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 127:

lapides,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 6:

corpus,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 27:

paries vel solidus vel fornicatus,

Cic. Top. 4, 22:

sphaera solida atque plena,

id. Rep. 1, 14, 22; cf.:

crateres auro solidi,

Verg. A. 2, 765:

ex solido elephanto,

id. G. 3, 26; id. A. 6, 69; 6, 552:

aera,

id. ib. 9, 809:

telum solidum nodis,

id. ib. 11, 553:

vasa auro solida,

Tac. A. 2, 33; 13, 10:

solidum ex auro signum,

Just. 39, 2, 5:

nunc solida est tellus, quae lacus ante fuit,

Ov. F. 6, 404; so,

ripa,

id. ib. 14, 49:

sedes (opp. aër),

id. ib. 2, 147:

navis ad ferendum incursum maris solida,

Sen. Ep. 76, 13:

sit solidum quodcumque subest,

Aus. Ed. 16, 12: solidus cibus, solid food, as opposed to fluid, Vulg. Heb. 5, 12. — Comp.:

solidior caseus factus,

Col. 7, 8, 4. — Sup.:

solidissima materiaï corpora (opp. mollia),

Lucr. 1, 565; 1, 951:

tellus,

Ov. M. 15, 262.— Subst.: sŏlĭdum, i, n., a solid substance, solidity:

cum duae formae praestantes sint, ex solidis globus, ex planis autem circulus aut orbis,

Cic. N. D. 2, 18, 47:

nihil tangi potest, quod careat solido,

id. Univ 4, 11; cf.:

quae (species deorum) nihil concreti habeat, nihil solidi, nihil expressi,

id. N. D. 1, 27, 75:

inane abscindere soldo,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 113; cf. id. ib. 2, 1, 78:

fossa fit ad solidum,

to the solid ground, to the bottom, Ov. F. 4, 821:

finditur in solidum cuneis via,

into the hard wood, Verg. G. 2, 79; 2, 231:

neque fundamenta (amphitheatri) per solidum subdidit,

Tac. A. 4, 62:

solido procedebat elephas in pontem,

on solid ground, Liv. 44, 5.—

Transf. (opp. to that which is divided, scattered, or in parts), whole, complete, entire (= integer, totus):

usurā, nec eā solidā, contentus est,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

militia semestri solidum stipendium accipere,

Liv. 5, 4:

solida taurorum viscera,

Verg. A. 6, 253:

ut solidos hauriant (serpentes) cervos taurosque,

Plin. 8, 14, 14, § 36:

quibus solida ungula,

id. 10, 63, 83, § 173:

motus terrae quasdam (civitates) solidas absorbuit,

Just. 30, 4, 3:

ut decies solidum exsorberet,

i. e. at once, in one draught, Hor. S. 2, 3, 240: decem annos solidos errasse, Varr. ap. Non. 405, 21; cf.:

partem solido demere de die,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 20:

annus,

Liv. 1, 19:

hora,

Juv. 11, 205:

parum solidum consulatum explere,

incomplete, Liv. 4, 8 fin.:

vos, quibus...solidae suo stant robore vires,

Verg. A. 2, 639.—As substt.

In gen.: sŏlĭdum, i, n., the whole sum:

ita bona veneant, ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,

Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46; Hor. S. 2, 5, 65; Quint. 5, 10, 105; Tac. A. 6, 17; Dig. 45, 2, 2 sq.—

In partic.: sŏlĭdus, i, m. (sc. nummus), in the time of the emperors a gold coin, at first called aureus, and worth about twenty-five denarii, afterwards reduced nearly one half in value, Dig. 9, 3, 5; 11, 4, 1; 21, 1, 42; Cod. Just. 10, 70, 5; App. M. 10, p. 242, 34; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 39; Vulg. 1 Par. 29, 7; id. 1 Esd. 2, 69; id. Ecclus. 29, 7.—

Trop., sound, solid, substantial, genuine, true, real (in this sense a favorite word with Cic.; syn.: firmus, constans, stabilis;

opp. inanis, levis, vanus, mobilis, etc.): solida et perpetua fides,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 44; so,

fides,

Tac. H. 2, 7:

solida et robusta et assidua frequentia,

Cic. Planc. 8, 21:

solida atque robusta eloquentia,

Quint. 10, 1, 2:

solida ac virilis ingenii vis,

id. 2, 5, 23:

est enim gloria solida quaedam res et expressa, non adumbrata,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 2, 3:

judicia solida et expressa,

id. Planc. 12, 29:

justitiae effigies,

id. Off. 3, 17, 69:

quod appellant honestum, non tam solido quam splendido nomine,

id. Fin. 1, 18, 61:

suavitas austera et solida,

id. de Or. 3, 26, 103:

solida veraque laus,

id. Sest. 43, 93; cf.:

solida laus ac vera dignitas,

id. Vatin. 3, 8:

gloria (with vera),

id. Phil. 5, 18, 50: nostra gloria, cum sit ex solido, Curt. 9, 2, 14:

nulla utilitas (with puerilis delectatio),

Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 72:

salus,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 10:

gratia,

id. Curc. 3, 35; Ov. M. 12, 576:

beneficium,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 32:

gaudium,

id. And. 4, 1, 24:

libertas,

Liv. 2, 2, 6; Tac. Or. 9:

fides,

id. H. 2, 79:

mens,

firm, determined, Hor. C. 3, 3, 4:

solidum opus doctrinae,

Val. Max. 4, 1, ext. 1:

in solidiore aliquo scripti genere,

Sen. Contr. 1, 8, 16:

gravior solidiorque sententia,

Gell. 11, 13, 8:

virtus,

Val. Max. 2, 8, 5; 5, 4, ext. 5:

vinum,

Pall. 11, 14 fin.— Neutr. absol.:

quibus ex rebus nihil est, quod solidum tenere possis,

Cic. Pis. 25, 60:

multos in solido rursus Fortuna locavit,

in safety, Verg. A. 11, 427; cf.:

praesentia bona nondum tota in solido sunt,

Sen. Ben. 3, 4, 2:

nostra gloria, cum sit ex solido,

Curt. 9, 2, 14:

ut salus ejus locetur in solido,

Amm. 17, 5, 11.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

sŏlĭdum (very rare), soundly, thoroughly:

dinoscere cautus Quid solidum crepet,

Pers. 5, 25:

Venus irata solidum,

App. M. 5, p. 171, 24.—

sŏlĭdē (not in Cic.).

(Acc. to I.) Densely, closely, solidly:

solide et crassis viminibus contexta cista,

Col. 12, 56, 2:

solide natus est,

i. e. without a hollow place, without wind in one's inside, Petr. 47, 4.— Comp.:

concreta aqua,

Gell. 19, 5, 5.—

(Acc. to II.) Surely, wholly, fully, truly:

neque, natus necne is fuerit, id solide scio,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 8; 4, 2, 47; Ter And. 5, 5, 8; App. M. 3, p. 135, 41; Spart. Ael. Ver. 8.

sŏlĭdus, a, um (contr. collat. form sol-dus, a, um, Hor. S. 1, 2, 113; 2, 5, 65), adj. [Sanscr. sarvas, all; Gr. holos, whole; old Lat. sollus; cf. sollistimus], firm, dense, compact, not hollow, solid (class.).

Lit.: individua et solida corpora (sc. atomoi), Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 18; cf. id. Div. 2, 67, 98:

terra solida et globosa,

id. N. D. 2, 39, 137:

columna aurea (opp. extrinsecus inaurata),

id. Div. 1, 24, 48; cf.

cornua (opp. cava),

Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 127:

lapides,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 6:

corpus,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 27:

paries vel solidus vel fornicatus,

Cic. Top. 4, 22:

sphaera solida atque plena,

id. Rep. 1, 14, 22; cf.:

crateres auro solidi,

Verg. A. 2, 765:

ex solido elephanto,

id. G. 3, 26; id. A. 6, 69; 6, 552:

aera,

id. ib. 9, 809:

telum solidum nodis,

id. ib. 11, 553:

vasa auro solida,

Tac. A. 2, 33; 13, 10:

solidum ex auro signum,

Just. 39, 2, 5:

nunc solida est tellus, quae lacus ante fuit,

Ov. F. 6, 404; so,

ripa,

id. ib. 14, 49:

sedes (opp. aër),

id. ib. 2, 147:

navis ad ferendum incursum maris solida,

Sen. Ep. 76, 13:

sit solidum quodcumque subest,

Aus. Ed. 16, 12: solidus cibus, solid food, as opposed to fluid, Vulg. Heb. 5, 12. — Comp.:

solidior caseus factus,

Col. 7, 8, 4. — Sup.:

solidissima materiaï corpora (opp. mollia),

Lucr. 1, 565; 1, 951:

tellus,

Ov. M. 15, 262.— Subst.: sŏlĭdum, i, n., a solid substance, solidity:

cum duae formae praestantes sint, ex solidis globus, ex planis autem circulus aut orbis,

Cic. N. D. 2, 18, 47:

nihil tangi potest, quod careat solido,

id. Univ 4, 11; cf.:

quae (species deorum) nihil concreti habeat, nihil solidi, nihil expressi,

id. N. D. 1, 27, 75:

inane abscindere soldo,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 113; cf. id. ib. 2, 1, 78:

fossa fit ad solidum,

to the solid ground, to the bottom, Ov. F. 4, 821:

finditur in solidum cuneis via,

into the hard wood, Verg. G. 2, 79; 2, 231:

neque fundamenta (amphitheatri) per solidum subdidit,

Tac. A. 4, 62:

solido procedebat elephas in pontem,

on solid ground, Liv. 44, 5.—

Transf. (opp. to that which is divided, scattered, or in parts), whole, complete, entire (= integer, totus):

usurā, nec eā solidā, contentus est,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

militia semestri solidum stipendium accipere,

Liv. 5, 4:

solida taurorum viscera,

Verg. A. 6, 253:

ut solidos hauriant (serpentes) cervos taurosque,

Plin. 8, 14, 14, § 36:

quibus solida ungula,

id. 10, 63, 83, § 173:

motus terrae quasdam (civitates) solidas absorbuit,

Just. 30, 4, 3:

ut decies solidum exsorberet,

i. e. at once, in one draught, Hor. S. 2, 3, 240: decem annos solidos errasse, Varr. ap. Non. 405, 21; cf.:

partem solido demere de die,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 20:

annus,

Liv. 1, 19:

hora,

Juv. 11, 205:

parum solidum consulatum explere,

incomplete, Liv. 4, 8 fin.:

vos, quibus...solidae suo stant robore vires,

Verg. A. 2, 639.—As substt.

In gen.: sŏlĭdum, i, n., the whole sum:

ita bona veneant, ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,

Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46; Hor. S. 2, 5, 65; Quint. 5, 10, 105; Tac. A. 6, 17; Dig. 45, 2, 2 sq.—

In partic.: sŏlĭdus, i, m. (sc. nummus), in the time of the emperors a gold coin, at first called aureus, and worth about twenty-five denarii, afterwards reduced nearly one half in value, Dig. 9, 3, 5; 11, 4, 1; 21, 1, 42; Cod. Just. 10, 70, 5; App. M. 10, p. 242, 34; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 39; Vulg. 1 Par. 29, 7; id. 1 Esd. 2, 69; id. Ecclus. 29, 7.—

Trop., sound, solid, substantial, genuine, true, real (in this sense a favorite word with Cic.; syn.: firmus, constans, stabilis;

opp. inanis, levis, vanus, mobilis, etc.): solida et perpetua fides,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 44; so,

fides,

Tac. H. 2, 7:

solida et robusta et assidua frequentia,

Cic. Planc. 8, 21:

solida atque robusta eloquentia,

Quint. 10, 1, 2:

solida ac virilis ingenii vis,

id. 2, 5, 23:

est enim gloria solida quaedam res et expressa, non adumbrata,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 2, 3:

judicia solida et expressa,

id. Planc. 12, 29:

justitiae effigies,

id. Off. 3, 17, 69:

quod appellant honestum, non tam solido quam splendido nomine,

id. Fin. 1, 18, 61:

suavitas austera et solida,

id. de Or. 3, 26, 103:

solida veraque laus,

id. Sest. 43, 93; cf.:

solida laus ac vera dignitas,

id. Vatin. 3, 8:

gloria (with vera),

id. Phil. 5, 18, 50: nostra gloria, cum sit ex solido, Curt. 9, 2, 14:

nulla utilitas (with puerilis delectatio),

Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 72:

salus,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 10:

gratia,

id. Curc. 3, 35; Ov. M. 12, 576:

beneficium,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 32:

gaudium,

id. And. 4, 1, 24:

libertas,

Liv. 2, 2, 6; Tac. Or. 9:

fides,

id. H. 2, 79:

mens,

firm, determined, Hor. C. 3, 3, 4:

solidum opus doctrinae,

Val. Max. 4, 1, ext. 1:

in solidiore aliquo scripti genere,

Sen. Contr. 1, 8, 16:

gravior solidiorque sententia,

Gell. 11, 13, 8:

virtus,

Val. Max. 2, 8, 5; 5, 4, ext. 5:

vinum,

Pall. 11, 14 fin.— Neutr. absol.:

quibus ex rebus nihil est, quod solidum tenere possis,

Cic. Pis. 25, 60:

multos in solido rursus Fortuna locavit,

in safety, Verg. A. 11, 427; cf.:

praesentia bona nondum tota in solido sunt,

Sen. Ben. 3, 4, 2:

nostra gloria, cum sit ex solido,

Curt. 9, 2, 14:

ut salus ejus locetur in solido,

Amm. 17, 5, 11.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

sŏlĭdum (very rare), soundly, thoroughly:

dinoscere cautus Quid solidum crepet,

Pers. 5, 25:

Venus irata solidum,

App. M. 5, p. 171, 24.—

sŏlĭdē (not in Cic.).

(Acc. to I.) Densely, closely, solidly:

solide et crassis viminibus contexta cista,

Col. 12, 56, 2:

solide natus est,

i. e. without a hollow place, without wind in one's inside, Petr. 47, 4.— Comp.:

concreta aqua,

Gell. 19, 5, 5.—

(Acc. to II.) Surely, wholly, fully, truly:

neque, natus necne is fuerit, id solide scio,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 8; 4, 2, 47; Ter And. 5, 5, 8; App. M. 3, p. 135, 41; Spart. Ael. Ver. 8.

trans-verto, ti, sum, 3, v. a., to turn or direct across or athwart (post-class.).

Lit.:

ut quae defensio fuerat, eadem in accusationem transverteretur,

should be turned, converted, App. Mag. p. 325, 33: eorum consilia hac atque illac variā cogitatione, to turn over, Firm. Math. 6, 15.—

Transf., to turn away, avert:

inimica,

Arn. 7, 219:

fortes meos,

Tert. Praescr. 37. — Hence, transversus ( - vorsus) or trāver-sus, a, um, P. a., turned across; hence, going or lying across, athwart, crosswise; cross-, transverse, traverse (freq. and class.).

Lit.:

viae,

cross-streets, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:

tramites,

Liv. 2, 39, 3:

limites,

id. 22, 12, 2:

fossa,

Caes. B. G. 2, 8:

fossas viis praeducit,

id. B. C. 1, 27:

vallum,

id. ib. 3, 63:

tigna,

id. ib. 2, 9:

transversosque volare per imbres fulmina cernis,

Lucr. 2, 213; cf.:

nubila portabunt venti transversa per auras,

id. 6, 190:

Manilium nos vidimus transverso ambulantem foro,

across the forum, Cic. de Or. 3, 33, 133: taleae ne plus quattuor digitos transversos emineant, four fingers across, four finger-breadths, Cato ap. Plin. 17, 18, 29, § 126; cf.

prov.: si hercle tu ex isto loco Digitum transversum aut unguem latum excesseris,

a fingerbreadth, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 18; so,

digitus,

Cic. Ac. 2, 18, 58 (v. digitus);

for which, also: discedere a rectā conscientiā traversum unguem,

id. Att. 13, 20, 4:

(versibus) incomptis allinet atrum Transverso calamo signum,

Hor. A. P. 447:

ut transversus mons sulcetur,

Col. 2, 4, 10: plurimum refert, concava sint (specula), an elata;

transversa, an obliqua,

Plin. 33, 9, 45, § 129. —

Neutr. as subst.: transversum, i, a cross direction or position, only with prepp. adv., crosswise, transversely, etc.:

non prorsus, verum ex transverso cedit, quasi cancer solet,

obliquely, sideways, Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 45:

e transverso vacefit locus,

Lucr. 6, 1018:

paeninsula ad formam gladii in transversum porrecta,

Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 83:

in transversum positae (arbores),

id. 16, 42, 81, § 222:

aratione per transversum iteratā,

id. 18, 20, 49, § 180; so id. 37, 9, 37, § 118 (al. saepe traversa):

collectus pluvialis aquae transversum secans,

intersecting diagonally, Front. Limit. p. 43 Goes.; cf. poet. in plur.:

(venti) mutati transversa fremunt,

at right angles to their former direction, Verg. A. 5, 19; so id. E. 3, 8; Val. Fl. 2, 154; Stat. Th. 1, 348.—

Trop.:

transversa incurrit misera fortuna rei publicae,

crossed, thwarted, Cic. Brut. 97, 331: cum coepit transversos agere felicitas, i. e. to lead aside or astray, Sen. Ep. 8, 3:

transversum judicem ferre,

Quint. 10, 1, 110; Plin. 9, 17, 31, § 67; 28, 1, 1, § 1. —

Neutr. as subst.: transversum, i, n., only with prepp. adv.:

ecce autem de transverso L. Caesar, ut veniam ad se, rogat,

i. e. contrary to expectation, unexpectedly, Cic. Att. 15, 4, 5:

ecce tibi iste de transverso, Heus, inquit, etc.,

Auct. Her. 4, 10, 14;

for which: quod non exspectes, ex transverso fit,

Petr. 55:

haec calamitas ex transverso accidit,

Scrib. Comp. 231.—Hence, advv.

transversē ( - vorsē), crosswise, transversely, obliquely:

transverse describantur horae in columellā,

Vitr. 9, 9, 7; Cels. 5, 26, 24; Veg. 2, 5, 1.—

transversim, transversely, crosswise:

obliquatis manibus,

Tert. Bapt. 8.

trans-verto, ti, sum, 3, v. a., to turn or direct across or athwart (post-class.).

Lit.:

ut quae defensio fuerat, eadem in accusationem transverteretur,

should be turned, converted, App. Mag. p. 325, 33: eorum consilia hac atque illac variā cogitatione, to turn over, Firm. Math. 6, 15.—

Transf., to turn away, avert:

inimica,

Arn. 7, 219:

fortes meos,

Tert. Praescr. 37. — Hence, transversus ( - vorsus) or trāver-sus, a, um, P. a., turned across; hence, going or lying across, athwart, crosswise; cross-, transverse, traverse (freq. and class.).

Lit.:

viae,

cross-streets, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:

tramites,

Liv. 2, 39, 3:

limites,

id. 22, 12, 2:

fossa,

Caes. B. G. 2, 8:

fossas viis praeducit,

id. B. C. 1, 27:

vallum,

id. ib. 3, 63:

tigna,

id. ib. 2, 9:

transversosque volare per imbres fulmina cernis,

Lucr. 2, 213; cf.:

nubila portabunt venti transversa per auras,

id. 6, 190:

Manilium nos vidimus transverso ambulantem foro,

across the forum, Cic. de Or. 3, 33, 133: taleae ne plus quattuor digitos transversos emineant, four fingers across, four finger-breadths, Cato ap. Plin. 17, 18, 29, § 126; cf.

prov.: si hercle tu ex isto loco Digitum transversum aut unguem latum excesseris,

a fingerbreadth, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 18; so,

digitus,

Cic. Ac. 2, 18, 58 (v. digitus);

for which, also: discedere a rectā conscientiā traversum unguem,

id. Att. 13, 20, 4:

(versibus) incomptis allinet atrum Transverso calamo signum,

Hor. A. P. 447:

ut transversus mons sulcetur,

Col. 2, 4, 10: plurimum refert, concava sint (specula), an elata;

transversa, an obliqua,

Plin. 33, 9, 45, § 129. —

Neutr. as subst.: transversum, i, a cross direction or position, only with prepp. adv., crosswise, transversely, etc.:

non prorsus, verum ex transverso cedit, quasi cancer solet,

obliquely, sideways, Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 45:

e transverso vacefit locus,

Lucr. 6, 1018:

paeninsula ad formam gladii in transversum porrecta,

Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 83:

in transversum positae (arbores),

id. 16, 42, 81, § 222:

aratione per transversum iteratā,

id. 18, 20, 49, § 180; so id. 37, 9, 37, § 118 (al. saepe traversa):

collectus pluvialis aquae transversum secans,

intersecting diagonally, Front. Limit. p. 43 Goes.; cf. poet. in plur.:

(venti) mutati transversa fremunt,

at right angles to their former direction, Verg. A. 5, 19; so id. E. 3, 8; Val. Fl. 2, 154; Stat. Th. 1, 348.—

Trop.:

transversa incurrit misera fortuna rei publicae,

crossed, thwarted, Cic. Brut. 97, 331: cum coepit transversos agere felicitas, i. e. to lead aside or astray, Sen. Ep. 8, 3:

transversum judicem ferre,

Quint. 10, 1, 110; Plin. 9, 17, 31, § 67; 28, 1, 1, § 1. —

Neutr. as subst.: transversum, i, n., only with prepp. adv.:

ecce autem de transverso L. Caesar, ut veniam ad se, rogat,

i. e. contrary to expectation, unexpectedly, Cic. Att. 15, 4, 5:

ecce tibi iste de transverso, Heus, inquit, etc.,

Auct. Her. 4, 10, 14;

for which: quod non exspectes, ex transverso fit,

Petr. 55:

haec calamitas ex transverso accidit,

Scrib. Comp. 231.—Hence, advv.

transversē ( - vorsē), crosswise, transversely, obliquely:

transverse describantur horae in columellā,

Vitr. 9, 9, 7; Cels. 5, 26, 24; Veg. 2, 5, 1.—

transversim, transversely, crosswise:

obliquatis manibus,

Tert. Bapt. 8.

trans-verto, ti, sum, 3, v. a., to turn or direct across or athwart (post-class.).

Lit.:

ut quae defensio fuerat, eadem in accusationem transverteretur,

should be turned, converted, App. Mag. p. 325, 33: eorum consilia hac atque illac variā cogitatione, to turn over, Firm. Math. 6, 15.—

Transf., to turn away, avert:

inimica,

Arn. 7, 219:

fortes meos,

Tert. Praescr. 37. — Hence, transversus ( - vorsus) or trāver-sus, a, um, P. a., turned across; hence, going or lying across, athwart, crosswise; cross-, transverse, traverse (freq. and class.).

Lit.:

viae,

cross-streets, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:

tramites,

Liv. 2, 39, 3:

limites,

id. 22, 12, 2:

fossa,

Caes. B. G. 2, 8:

fossas viis praeducit,

id. B. C. 1, 27:

vallum,

id. ib. 3, 63:

tigna,

id. ib. 2, 9:

transversosque volare per imbres fulmina cernis,

Lucr. 2, 213; cf.:

nubila portabunt venti transversa per auras,

id. 6, 190:

Manilium nos vidimus transverso ambulantem foro,

across the forum, Cic. de Or. 3, 33, 133: taleae ne plus quattuor digitos transversos emineant, four fingers across, four finger-breadths, Cato ap. Plin. 17, 18, 29, § 126; cf.

prov.: si hercle tu ex isto loco Digitum transversum aut unguem latum excesseris,

a fingerbreadth, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 18; so,

digitus,

Cic. Ac. 2, 18, 58 (v. digitus);

for which, also: discedere a rectā conscientiā traversum unguem,

id. Att. 13, 20, 4:

(versibus) incomptis allinet atrum Transverso calamo signum,

Hor. A. P. 447:

ut transversus mons sulcetur,

Col. 2, 4, 10: plurimum refert, concava sint (specula), an elata;

transversa, an obliqua,

Plin. 33, 9, 45, § 129. —

Neutr. as subst.: transversum, i, a cross direction or position, only with prepp. adv., crosswise, transversely, etc.:

non prorsus, verum ex transverso cedit, quasi cancer solet,

obliquely, sideways, Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 45:

e transverso vacefit locus,

Lucr. 6, 1018:

paeninsula ad formam gladii in transversum porrecta,

Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 83:

in transversum positae (arbores),

id. 16, 42, 81, § 222:

aratione per transversum iteratā,

id. 18, 20, 49, § 180; so id. 37, 9, 37, § 118 (al. saepe traversa):

collectus pluvialis aquae transversum secans,

intersecting diagonally, Front. Limit. p. 43 Goes.; cf. poet. in plur.:

(venti) mutati transversa fremunt,

at right angles to their former direction, Verg. A. 5, 19; so id. E. 3, 8; Val. Fl. 2, 154; Stat. Th. 1, 348.—

Trop.:

transversa incurrit misera fortuna rei publicae,

crossed, thwarted, Cic. Brut. 97, 331: cum coepit transversos agere felicitas, i. e. to lead aside or astray, Sen. Ep. 8, 3:

transversum judicem ferre,

Quint. 10, 1, 110; Plin. 9, 17, 31, § 67; 28, 1, 1, § 1. —

Neutr. as subst.: transversum, i, n., only with prepp. adv.:

ecce autem de transverso L. Caesar, ut veniam ad se, rogat,

i. e. contrary to expectation, unexpectedly, Cic. Att. 15, 4, 5:

ecce tibi iste de transverso, Heus, inquit, etc.,

Auct. Her. 4, 10, 14;

for which: quod non exspectes, ex transverso fit,

Petr. 55:

haec calamitas ex transverso accidit,

Scrib. Comp. 231.—Hence, advv.

transversē ( - vorsē), crosswise, transversely, obliquely:

transverse describantur horae in columellā,

Vitr. 9, 9, 7; Cels. 5, 26, 24; Veg. 2, 5, 1.—

transversim, transversely, crosswise:

obliquatis manibus,

Tert. Bapt. 8.

vastus, a, um, adj. [cf.: vanus, vacuus], empty, unoccupied, i.e. waste, desert.

Lit. (so rare but class.;

syn.: vacuus, desertus): genus agrorum propter pestilentiam vastum atque desertum,

Cic. Agr. 2, 26, 69:

lex erat lata vasto ac relicto foro,

id. Sest. 24, 53:

agrum vastum ac desertum habere,

Liv. 28, 11, 10:

vasta ac deserta urbs,

id. 24, 3, 11; 28, 7, 12: vasta incendiis ruinisque urbs, id. 5, 53, 1:

mons vastus ab naturā et humano cultu,

uncultivated, Sall. J. 48, 3:

urbs a defensoribus vasta,

without, Liv. 23, 30, 7 (al. ex conj. vacua).—

Trop. (the fig. taken from tracts of country lying waste or untilled), uncultivated, unpolished, rude, rough, harsh:

vultu motuque corporis vasti atque agrestes,

Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 115:

vastus homo atque foedus,

id. ib. 1, 25, 117:

vasti quidam et insubidi,

Gell. 19, 9, 9:

fugiemus crebras vocalium concursiones, quae vastam atque hiantem orationem reddunt, ut hoc est: baccae aeneae amoenissimae impendebant,

Auct. Her. 4, 12, 18:

omnia vasta ac temeraria esse,

Liv. 24, 48, 7:

littera vastior,

too harsh-sounding, Cic. Or. 45, 153.—

Transf.

Desolate, deserted: abs te viduae et vastae virgines sunt, made lonely, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 52 (Trag. v. 279 Vahl.):

dies per silentium vastus,

Tac. A. 3, 4.—

Wasted by destruction, laid waste, ravaged, devastated, destroyed (rare; cf.

vastatus): fit vasta Troja,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 130:

jam hanc urbem ferro vastam faciet Peleus, Att. ap. Fest. pp. 372 and 373: haec ego vasta dabo,

Verg. A. 9, 323:

nec solum modo vastum hosti relictum, sed castellis etiam vicisque illatus ignis,

Liv. 10, 12, 8.—

With the predom. idea of extent, vast, immense, enormous, huge, monstrous (syn.: ingens, immanis).

Of size: jamque fere pulvis ad caelum vasta videtur, Enn. ap. Non. 217, 11 (Ann. v. 286 Vahl.):

immani et vastae insidens beluae,

Cic. Rep. 2, 40, 67:

vasta et immanis belua,

id. Div. 1, 24, 49; cf.:

vastissimae beluae,

id. Rep. 2, 26, 49: elephanto beluarum nulla prudentior;

ad figuram quae vastior?

id. N. D. 1, 35, 97:

summa erat vasto atque aperto mari, difficultas navigandi,

Caes. B. G. 3, 12; cf.:

in vastissimo atque apertissimo Oceano,

id. ib. 3, 9, 7:

fossa vastissima,

Cic. Rep. 2, 6, 11:

solitudines,

id. ib. 2, 6, 19:

campi,

Verg. A. 3, 13:

Charybdis,

Lucr. 1, 722:

antiquus crater, quem vastum vastior ipse Sustulit Aegides,

Ov. M. 12, 236:

antrum,

Verg. A. 1, 52:

hiatus speluncae,

id. ib. 6, 237:

suspectus turris,

id. ib. 9, 530:

manus,

Ov. F. 2, 322:

arma,

Verg. A. 10, 768:

corpus,

Col. 7, 12, 3.—

Transf., of degree, etc., immense, enormous, prodigious, vast, etc.:

iter,

i.e. on the vast ocean, Ov. M. 14, 438:

certamen,

Verg. A. 12, 553:

impetus,

Hor. C. 4, 14, 30:

pugnae Cannensis clades vastissima,

Gell. 5, 17, 5:

tempestas,

Col. 2, 20, 5; cf.:

vapores vastissimi,

id. 2, 20, 1:

clamor,

Verg. A. 10, 716; Ov. M. 12, 494:

murmur,

Verg. A. 1, 245:

latratus,

Col. 7, 12, 3:

tonitru,

Val. Fl. 1, 617:

pondus,

Verg. A. 5, 447; Ov. H. 9, 88.—

Trop.:

vastus animus,

i.e. insatiable, Sall. C. 5, 4.—Rarely with abstr. nouns:

quam vasta potentia nostra est,

Ov. M. 2, 520:

varia vastaque scientia,

Col. 1, pr. 28:

nefas,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 767.— Adv.: vastē.

(Acc. to vastus, I. B.) Rudely, harshly:

loqui non aspere, non vaste, non rustice, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45:

ne vastius diducantur verba,

id. ib. 3, 43, 172.—

(Acc. to II. B.) Widely, vastly, immensely, violently, enormously:

vaste cedentia litora,

Mel. 1, 1, 4:

vastius insurgens decimae ruit impetus undae,

Ov. M. 11, 530:

vastius podagra correpti,

Scrib. Comp. 107.