-
121 ἔταλον
Grammatical information: n.Other forms: also ἔτελον (ib. 252, 11; Kos IIIa: τοῦ μεν ἐτέλου as opposed to τοῦ δε τελείου `full grown animal').Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1175] *u̯et- `year'Etymology: Except for the genus identical with Lat. vitulus `calf', Umbr. vitluf `vitulōs' (with irreglular i for e); here also as Iran. LW [loanword] wotjak. vetël `calf, two-year old cow' (Jacobsohn IF 46, 339). We must start from an IE word for `year', Gr. ἔτος, IE *u̯étos- n., with Skt. vats-á- `calf'. On ἔτος: ἔτελον, ἔταλον cf. e. g. νέφος: νεφέλη, ἄγκος: ἀγκάλη; so the change - αλο-: - ελο- could be old? I doubt this; it could be Pre-Greek. See on ἐπη-ετανός, s. v. (An r-stem in Germ., e. g. Goth. wiÞrus `(one-year) lamb', NHG Widder, IE *u̯et-r(u)-. - See ἔτος; further W.-Hofmann s. vitulus.Page in Frisk: 1,579-580Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔταλον
-
122 ἔχω 2
ἔχω 2.Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `transport'Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1118] *u̯eǵh- `move, drive'Etymology: Old, in Greek dying verb, represented in several IE languages. Several parallel forms: Ϝεχέτω = Lat. vehitō; Skt. váhati = Av. vazaiti = Lat. vehit `carries, rides' (IE *u̯éǵʰeti), Lith. vežù = OCS vezǫ = Lat. vehō; with ἔϜεξε agree, except for the loss of the lengthned grade in Greek (Schwyzer 751) the old s-aorists Lat. vēxī, OCS věsъ, Skt. ávākṣam. - Further s. ὄχος.Page in Frisk: 1,604Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔχω 2
-
123 ἕως 1
ἕως 1. -ωGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `dawn, day-break' (Il.).Compounds: As 1. member in ἑωσ-φόρος, Dor. ἀωσ-φόρος `bringer of dawn, morning-star' (Ψ 226, Pi. I. 4 (3), 24); see Wackernagel Unt. 100ff., where Hom. ἑωσ-φόρος is considered as ep. Atticism; s. also Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 72 and (with improbable hypothesis) Schwyzer 440 n. 8.Derivatives: ἑώϊος, ἑῳ̃ος, ἠοῖος, ἠῳ̃ος (see Wackernagel Unt. 106f.) `of the morning, eastern' (Il.), ἕωλος `belonging to dawn, a night long', of food etc. (Att. etc.; on the pejorative λ-suffix Chantraine Formation 239); adv. ἕωθεν, ep. ἠῶθεν, Dor. ἀῶθεν `from the morning on, early in the morning' (Il.) with ἑωθινός `of the morning' (Hdt., Hp.; cf. Wackernagel Unt. 104 w. n. 1, Schwyzer 490); Hom. ἠῶθι in ἠῶθι πρό `early in the morning'; explanation uncertain, cf. Schwyzer 628 n. 6, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 246.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [86] *h₂eus-ōs `dawn'Etymology: The barytonesis in ἕως as against ἠώς Wackernagel, Gött. Nachr. 1914, 49ff. (= Kl. Schr. 2, 1151ff.) thinks to explain from frequent ἕωθεν, where it is regular (Schwyzer 383). The aspiration will be due to replacement as in εὕω (Schwyzer 219; after Sommer Lautstud. 11f. however from ἑσπέρα). - PGr. *ἀ̄Ϝώς for *ἀυhώς \< IE *h₂eusṓs and is identical with Lat. aurōr-a (except the added -ā, cf. flōs: Flōr-a). Witɦ zero grade Skt. uṣā́s f. `dawn' \< *h₂usṓs. A corresponding r-stem, IE * h₂eus-r-, h₂us-r-, is seen in αὔριον (s. v.) with ἄγχ-αυρος `near the morning' (A. R. 4, 111), in Lith. aušr-à `dawn', Skt. usr-á- `of the morning', uṣar-búdh- `waking at dawn'. Of the other cognates be mentioned OCS za ustra `at dawn', Germ., e. g. OHG ōst(a)ra, -ūn `Easter'. - An ablauting full grade, *h₂u̯es-r-, in e. g. Skt. vasar-hā́ (RV. 1, 122,3), of the wind, meaning uncertain, vāsar-á- `of the morning', Celt., e. g. MIr. fāir `sunrise', IE *h₂u̯ōsr-i-. There is a sḱ-present, Skt. uccháti = Av. usaiti `lights up (of the morning)', IE *h₂us-sḱ-éti, with the full grade athematic root-aorist a-vas-ran. Uncertain Hitt. uškizzi (= [ usketsi]) `he sees' from auš-zi `he sees', 2. sg. autti (= au-ti). - More forms W.-Hofmann 1, 86 a. 87, Pok. 86f.; also Burger REIE 1, 447ff. - Cf. ἠϊκανός.Page in Frisk: 1,605-606Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἕως 1
-
124 ἕως 2
ἕως 2.Grammatical information: pcleMeaning: `until, as long as' (Il.); prep. w. gen. (rarely acc.) `till' (hell.).Other forms: ep. ἧος (written. εἵως, ἕως, s. Chantr. Gr. hom. 1,11, but also West, Glotta 44 (1967) 135), Aeol. ἆος, Dor. ἇς, Hom. also demonstr. `for some time'.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [283!] *ieh₂u̯ot `as long as, until'Etymology: From PGr. *ἇϜος and identical with the Skt. relative yā́vat `as long as' except for the final consonant (an extra -s? see Schwyzer 409f. and 528, and Szemerényi Glotta 35 (1956) 94f.). - On the use Schwyzer-Debrunner 550, 650, 657. Cf. τέως and 1. ὅς.Page in Frisk: 1,606Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἕως 2
-
125 ζεύγνυμι
ζεύγνυμι, - ύωGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `bring under the yoke, unite' (Il.)Other forms: Aor. ζεῦξαι, pass. ζυγῆναι, ζευχθῆναι, fut. ζεύξω, perf. pass. ἔζευγμαι (Il.), perf. act. ἔζευχα (Philostr.)Derivatives: 1. ζεῦξις `yoking, bridging' (Hdt.), often to prefixcompp., e. g. σύ-, διά-, ἐπί-ζευξις (IA). 2. ὑπο-, ἀνα-, παρα-, ἀπο-ζυγή etc. (since Va), as simplex only pap. (IV-VIp) meaning `pair'. 3. ζεῦγμα `what is used for joining, bridge of boats, canal-lock etc.' (Th., E., Plb.) with ζευγματικόν `payment for a ship through a canal-lock' (pap.). 4. ζεύγλη `part of a yoking' (`yoke-cushion, loop attached to the yoke through which the beasts' heads were put', cf. Delebecque Cheval 60 and 179) etc. (Il.; s. below). 5. ζεῦγος, s. v. 6. ζυγόν, s. v. 7. - ζυξ, s. ζυγόν. 8. ζευκτήριος `apt for yoking, connecting', n. `yoke' (A.), ζευκτηρίαι pl. `ropes two fasten a rudder' ( Act. Ap. 27, 40); later 9. ζευκτήρ `connecter' (J.), f. - ειρα (Orph.); cf. Chantraine Formation 45, 62f. and below. 10. ( δια- etc.) ζευκτικός (hell.). 11. ζευκτός (Str., Plu.; s. below).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [508] *i̯eug- `yoke, connectEtymology: Bedie the athematic νυ-present ζεύγνυμι (with full grade; cf. δείκνυμι) the other languages have forms with inner nasal, Skt. yunák-ti `yokes, connects' (athem.), Lat. iung-ō (them.), Lith. jung-iù (jot pres.) `id.', or nasalless forms, Av. yaog-ǝt_ (3. sg. pret., athem.), yuǰ-yeite (3. sg., jot pras.). The other Greek forms too show full grade except the aorist ἐζύγην and the noun - ζυγη, e.g. the future and the σ-aorist (s. Schwyzer 751) but also the late nom. ag. ζευκτήρ (= Sktd. yoktár-), and the σι-(τι-)deriv. ζεῦξις and the late verbal adj. ζευκτός (against Sktd. (prá-)yukti-, yuktá-). - The λ-deriv. ζεύγ-λη is not connected with Lat. iŭgulum `clavicle' and Skt. yúgalam `pair'. S. also ζυγόν.Page in Frisk: 1,609-610Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ζεύγνυμι
-
126 ζυγόν
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `yoke' (Il.), also metaph., e. g. of a cross-wood, of the rowing benches connecting the two ship sides, of the tongue of a balance, of a pair, of a row or a rank of soldiers (oppos. στοῖχος), as land measure.Other forms: Hell. mostly - ός m., rarely earlier, s. Schwyzer-Debrunner 37.)Compounds: Often in compp., e. g. πολύ-ζυγος `with many rowing benches', ζυγό-δεσμον `yoke-straps' (Il.), also ζυγη-φόρος `carrying a yoke' (A., analog.-metr. beside ζυγο-φόρος; Schwyzer 439 n. 1).Derivatives: Seberal deriv.: 1. ζύγιον `rowing bench' (hell.). 2. ζυγίσκον meaning unclear (IG 22, 1549, 9, Eleusis, + 300a). 3. ζύγαινα the hammer-headed shark (Epich., Arist.; after the shape of the skull, Strömberg Fischnamen 35). 4. ζυγίς `thyme' (Dsc.; motivation of the name unknown, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 56). 5. ζούγωνερ (= *ζύγωνες) βόες ἐργάται. Λάκωνες H. 6. ζυγίτης name of a rower (sch.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 44), f. ζυγῖτις Hera as goddess of marriage (Nicom. ap. Phot.; Redard 209). 7. ζυγία `maple' (Thphr.) prop. "yoke-wood" (s. Strömberg Theophrastea 114), because the hard maple was mainly used to make yokes (so even now in southern Italy), Rohlfs WB VI and 86; also Rohlfs ByzZ 37, 57, Dawkins JournofHellStud. 56, 1f.; diff. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 56 (after the pairwise attached fruits). 8. ζύγαστρον `wooden cist, chest' s.v. σίγιστρον - Adject. 9. ζύγιος `belonging to the yoke etc.' (Att. etc.; also as nautical expression, s. Morrison Class. Quart. 41, 128ff.). 10. ζύγιμος `id.' (Plb.; s. Arbenz Die Adj. auf - ιμος 94). 11. ζυγικός `belonging to the tongue of a balance' (Nicom. Harm.). Adv. ζυγ-άδην (Ph.), ζυγ-ηδόν (Hld.) `pairwise'. - Denomin. verbs: 1. ζυγόω `yoke, connect (through a cross-wood), shut, hold the balance' (A., hell.) with ζύγωμα `bar, cross-rod' (Plb.), ζύγωσις `balancing' (hell.), *ζύγωθρον in the denomin. aor. ipv. ζυγώθρισον (Ar. Nu. 745; meaning uncertain, `weigh' or `shut'?). 2. ζυγέω `form a row or rank' (Plb.). - Beside ζυγόν as 2. member the verbal root - ζυξ, e. g. ἄ-ζυξ `unconnected, unmarried', ὁμό-, σύ-ζυξ `yoked together, connected' (also ἄ-, ὁμό-, σύ-ζυγος), s. Chantraine REGr. 59-60, 231f.Etymology: Old name of a device, retained in most IE languages, e. g. Hitt. iugan, Skt. yugám, Lat. iugum, Germ., e. g. Goth. juk, IE *i̯ugóm; more forms Pok. 509f., W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. iugum. - The root noun - ζυξ also in Lat. con-iux `spouse', Skt. a-yúj- `not forming a pair, uneven' (formally = ἄ-ζυξ except the accent), sa-yúj- `connected, companion' a. o. - Cf. ζεύγνυμι and ζεῦγος. Rix, Hist. Gramm. 60, 70 suggests Hi̯-, which is still uncertain.Page in Frisk: 1,615-616Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ζυγόν
-
127 ἠλέκτωρ
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: Name of the sun and adjunct of ` Υπερίων (Ζ 513, Τ 398, h. Ap. 369; and Emp. 22, 2);Other forms: Acc. - τορα (Euph. 110), Dat. - τωρι (Epic. in Arch. Pap. 7, 4), gen. - τωρος (Choerob.); s. Schwyzer 531 w. n. 6.Derivatives: ἠλεκτρίς f. adjunct of the moon (Orph. `Η 9, 6); ἤλεκτρον n., - ος m. f. (on the genus cf., except LSJ, Schwyzer-Debrunner 34 n. 4) `gold mixed with silver, amber' (Od.) with Ήλεκτρίδες νῆσοι `the amber islands' (Str., Plin.), ἠλεκτρώδης `like amber' (Hp., Philostr.), ἠλέκτρινος (Dor. ἀλ-) `of amber' (Call., Luc., Hld.), ἠλεκτρόομαι `become ἤ.' (Zos.Alch.); ἠλέκτραι τὰ ἐν τοῖς κλινόποσι τῶν σφιγγῶν ὄμματα (Phot.). - Several PN: Ήλέκτρα, Άλεκτρώνα (Rhodos), Ήλεκτρύων (after Άμφιτρύων; cf. Bechtel Dial. 2, 656).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Unexplained; v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 255 assumes Carian origin but without sufficient grounds. Improbable IE etymologies in Bq. I see no basis for DELG's statement that the word is IE; Pre-Greek?Page in Frisk: 1,629Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἠλέκτωρ
-
128 ἤπειρος
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `continent' as opposed to the sea and the islands, `coast', also in opposition to the inland (Il.), as GN Epeiros.Derivatives: ἠπειρώτης, f. - τις `inhabitant of the continent, of Asia Minor, of Epeiros' (IA; on the formation Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 128 n. 1) with ἠπειρωτικός (X.); denom. verb ἠπειρόομαι, *όω `become (part of the) continent, make to mainland' (Th., Arist.).Etymology: PGr. *α῎̄περι̯ος agrees, except for the jot-suffix with the Westgerman. word for `shore' ( Ufer), OE ōfer m. etc., PGm.. *ṓfera-, IE *ā́pero- (Lottner KZ 7, 180 a. n.; cf. Kluge-Götze s. Ufer with details). Arm. ap`n `shore' (Benveniste Origines 13) can phonetically not be connected (so is it a substratum word?). - The connection with Skt. ápara- `more backward, later' (rejected by WP. 1, 47) is taken up again by Specht Ursprung 23.Page in Frisk: 1,640Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἤπειρος
См. также в других словарях:
Except — Ex*cept , prep. [Originally past participle, or verb in the imperative mode.] With exclusion of; leaving or left out; excepting. [1913 Webster] God and his Son except, Created thing naught valued he nor . . . shunned. Milton. Syn: {Except},… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
except — [ek sept′, iksept′] vt. [ME excepten < OFr excepter < L exceptare, to take out, except < exceptus, pp. of excipere < ex , out + capere, to take: see HAVE] to leave out or take out; make an exception of; exclude; omit vi. Now Rare to… … English World dictionary
except — Ⅰ. except UK US /ɪkˈsept/ preposition (also except for) ► used to mean not including or but not : »Our offices are open Monday through Friday except on national holidays. » All money transfers, except for those between members of the same branch … Financial and business terms
Except — Ex*cept , v. i. To take exception; to object; usually followed by to, sometimes by against; as, to except to a witness or his testimony. [1913 Webster] Except thou wilt except against my love. Shak. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Except — Ex*cept ([e^]k*s[e^]pt ), conj. Unless; if it be not so that. [1913 Webster] And he said, I will not let thee go, except thou bless me. Gen. xxxii. 26. [1913 Webster] But yesterday you never opened lip, Except, indeed, to drink. Tennyson. [1913… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
except — ex·cept /ik sept/ vt: to take or leave out (as from insurance coverage or a deed): exclude specifically except ed the air carriers and unions from the provisions M. A. Kelly vi: object; esp: to fi … Law dictionary
Except — Ex*cept , v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Excepted}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Excepting}.] [L. exceptus, p. p. of excipere to take or draw out, to except; ex out + capere to take: cf. F. excepter. See {Capable}.] 1. To take or leave out (anything) from a number or… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
except — [prep] other than apart from, aside from, bar, barring, besides, but, excepting, excluding, exclusive of, exempting, if not, lacking, leaving out, minus, not for, omitting, outside of, rejecting, save, saving, short of, without, with the… … New thesaurus
except — late 14c., to receive, from M.Fr. excepter (12c.), from L. exceptus, pp. of excipere take out, from ex out (see EX (Cf. ex )) + capere to take (see CAPABLE (Cf. capable)). Meaning to leave out is from 1510s. Related … Etymology dictionary
except — ► PREPOSITION ▪ not including; other than. ► CONJUNCTION ▪ used before a statement that forms an exception to one just made. ► VERB ▪ exclude: present company excepted. ORIGIN from Latin excipere take out … English terms dictionary
except — ex|cept1 W2S2 [ıkˈsept] conj, prep 1.) used to introduce the only person, thing, action, fact, or situation about which a statement is not true ▪ The office is open every day except Sundays. ▪ You can have any of the cakes except this one. except … Dictionary of contemporary English
