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81 exemplar

[ɪg'zemplə], [eg-]
сущ.

1)

а) образец, пример для подражания

The Republic is the pattern of all other states and the exemplar of human life. — Республика это образец для всех других государств и пример того, какой должна быть жизнь человека.

Syn:

prototype, example

б) модель, идеальный вариант (чего-л.)

Syn:

model

2) вариант, разновидность

Syn:

model, pattern

3) полигр.

а) протограф

б) копия, экземпляр

in a single exemplar — в единственном экземпляре

Англо-русский современный словарь > exemplar
82 cast

литье имя существительное:
литье (casting, cast, foundry, founding)

бросок (throw, cast, shot, dash, fling, shoot)

бросание (throwing, cast, toss, casting, throw, sling)

отливка (casting, cast, molding, moulding)

приведение типов (cast)

оттенок (shade, hue, tone, tint, color, cast)

гипс (gypsum, plaster, cast, gesso, gyps, alabaster)

тип (type, style, kind, class, nature, cast)

склад (storage, store, storehouse, depot, repository, cast)

состав исполнителей (cast)

распределение ролей (cast, casting)

плавка (fuse, melting, melt, fusion, smelt, cast)

поворот (turn, rotation, turning, twist, swing, cast)

гипсовый слепок (cast)

метание (throw, casting, dart, projection, cast, put)

гипсовая повязка (cast)

образец (sample, pattern, specimen, model, example, cast)

забрасывание (cast)

отклонение (deviation, deflection, rejection, departure, variation, cast)

риск (risk, hazard, chance, peril, adventure, cast)

образчик (specimen, sample, pattern, cast, Thing)

подсчет (counting, count, estimation, account, cast)

форма для отливки (cast)

форма для литья (cast)
глагол:
бросать (throw, cast, drop, quit, toss, fling)

лить (pour, shed, cast, rain, found, run)

отбрасывать (cast, discard, reject, throw, cast aside, toss away)

отливать (cast, pour, ebb, pour out, found)

метать (throw, hurl, cast, shoot, launch, sling)

закидывать (throw, cast, bombard, throw back, assail, bespatter)

кинуть (throw, cast)

сбрасывать (discard, drop, shed, dump, throw off, cast)

кидать (throw, toss, fling, cast, shoot, pitch)

выкинуть (abort, miscarry, cast, slip, slink)

менять (change, vary, alter, switch, exchange, cast)

терять (lose, waste, shed, drop, spend, cast)

подсчитывать (count, calculate, tally, compute, tally up, cast)

распределять роли (cast)

распределять (distribute, allocate, share, divide, dispense, cast)

швырять (toss, fling, throw, hurl, sling, cast)

браковать (cull, condemn, cast)

присуждать к уплате убытков (cast)

менять кожу (cast)

ронять (drop, shed, cast)

родить раньше времени (cast)

сбрасывать кожу (exuviate, cast, slough)

вычислять (calculate, compute, figure out, determine, find, cast)

Англо-русский синонимический словарь > cast
83 form

форма имя существительное:
форма (mold, form, shape, uniform, format, mode)

вид (view, form, kind, look, appearance, species)

бланк (form, blank, slip, billhead, census paper, guest card)

класс (class, classroom, grade, School, form, category)

формат (format, size, form)

образ (form, image, picture, character, figure, shape)

анкета (questionnaire, form, questionary, worksheet)

разновидность (species, variety, kind, type, form, variation)

модель (model, pattern, type, make, form, sample)

фигура (figure, shape, form, character, stature, picture card)

образец (sample, pattern, specimen, model, example, form)

состояние (condition, State, status, position, fortune, form)

внешний вид (appearance, aspect, form, outward, face, facade)

опалубка (timbering, casing, decking, form, falsework, deck)

очертание (outline, shape, contour, cutout, form, configuration)

формальность (formality, form, ceremony, solemnity, punctilio)

порядок (order, method, course, right, discipline, form)

построение (construction, formation, composition, form, scheme, parade)

проформа (form)

печатная форма (plate, form)

экстерьер (exterior, form, point, points)

общепринятая форма (form)

этикет (etiquette, decorum, courtesy, form)

скамья (bench, settle, bank, form)

нора (hole, burrow, den, lodge, Earth, form)

парта (desk, form)

церемония (ceremony, rite, circumstance, form)

готовность (readiness, preparedness, willingness, alacrity, Trim, form)
глагол:
образовывать (form, constitute, generate)

формировать (form, shape, mold, troop, head, texture)

формироваться (form, troop)

образовываться (form)

создаваться (form, grow up)

создавать (create, build, establish, make, produce, form)

составлять (be, compose, make up, constitute, make, form)

составляться (form)

принимать форму (take the form, take shape, form, shape)

вырабатывать (produce, make, work out, elaborate, form, deliver)

формовать (mold, form, throw, fashion, model, mould)

принимать вид (form, shape, assume the similitude of, pose, put on)

придавать форму (shape, body, form, fashion, configurate, figure)

тренировать (train, coach, exercise, drill, discipline, form)

воспитывать (educate, bring up, raise, nurture, rear, form)

придавать вид (fashion, form)

дисциплинировать (discipline, chasten, break in, school, form, chastise)

строиться (align, parade, fall in, aline, troop, form)

Англо-русский синонимический словарь > form
84 illustration

иллюстрация имя существительное:
иллюстрация (illustration, figure, exemplification, exemplum)

рисунок (drawing, pattern, picture, figure, design, illustration)

пример (example, instance, sample, illustration, pattern, lead)

иллюстрирование (illustration)

пояснение (clarification, illustration)

Англо-русский синонимический словарь > illustration
85 standard

стандарт имя прилагательное:
стандартный (standard, conventional, normal, stereotype, stereo, imperial)

типовой (standard, exemplary, typal)

нормальный (normal, standard, regular, sane, ordinary, natural)

нормативный (normative, standard, prescriptive)

общепринятый (common, conventional, accepted, standard, general, Orthodox)

образцовый (exemplary, model, standard, copybook, classic, pattern)

штамбовый (standard)
имя существительное:
стандарт (standard, norm)

эталон (reference, standard, model, gauge, gage)

норма (norm, rate, rule, standard, mark, task)

норматив (standard, norm)

знамя (banner, flag, standard, ensign, colors, pennant)

штандарт (standard)

образец (sample, pattern, specimen, model, example, standard)

класс (class, classroom, grade, School, form, standard)

мерило (measure, standard, yardstick, criterion, Test, metewand)

проба (try, sample, trial, test, probe, standard)

флаг (flag, banner, ensign, colors, pennant, standard)

кондиция (standard)

стойка (rack, bar, stand, counter, pillar, standard)

подставка (stand, rack, pedestal, support, coaster, standard)

курс (course, policy, path, heading, class, standard)

денежный стандарт (standard)

опора (support, reliance, bearing, pillar, prop, standard)

штамбовое растение (standard)

денежная система (standard)

Англо-русский синонимический словарь > standard
86 thing

вещь имя существительное:
вещь (thing, article, object, work, entity, shebang)

предмет (subject, thing, object, article, matter, theme)

дело (case, business, deal, point, matter, thing)

штука (thing, piece, stunt, doodah, gee, hickey)

нечто (thing, aught)

кое-что (thing, little, smattering)

существо (being, essence, entity, thing, existence, wight)

факт (fact, thing, certain, matter of fact, deed)

обстоятельство (circumstance, fact, thing, case, development, occasion)

вещица (thing, bagatelle, gismo, knick-knack)

особенность (feature, peculiarity, singularity, characteristic, particularity, thing)

случай (happening, case, occasion, event, incident, thing)

рассказ (story, narrative, tale, narration, recital, thing)

образец (sample, pattern, specimen, model, example, thing)

одежда (clothes, clothing, garment, garments, dress, thing)

анекдот (joke, anecdote, funny, thing, good story)

нечто самое важное (thing)

нечто самое нужное (thing)

музыкальное произведение (music, piece of music, composition, opus, chorus, thing)

образчик (specimen, sample, pattern, cast, thing)

нечто самое настоящее (thing)

нечто самое подходящее (thing)

художественное произведение (piece of art, production, thing)

литературное произведение (writing, book, composition, thing)

создание (creature, creation, development, making, formation, thing)

качество (quality, character, grade, capacity, property, thing)

свойство (property, characteristic, feature, affinity, quality, thing)

Англо-русский синонимический словарь > thing
87 type

тип имя существительное:
тип (type, style, kind, class, nature, character)

модель (model, pattern, type, make, form, sample)

разновидность (species, variety, kind, type, form, variation)

типаж (type)

род (genus, race, kind, family, gender, type)

шрифт (font, type, print, letter, fount, printing type)

класс (class, classroom, grade, School, form, type)

образ (form, image, picture, character, figure, type)

группа (group, party, bunch, class, series, type)

образец (sample, pattern, specimen, model, example, type)

символ (symbol, character, letter, sign, emblem, type)

разряд (discharge, rank, digit, category, class, type)

типичный представитель (representative, type)

литера (letter, character, type)
глагол:
печатать (print, type, run, imprint, machine, list)

напечатать (type, print, publish)

отпечатать (print, imprint, type)

печатать на машинке (typewrite, type, write)

переписывать (rewrite, overwrite, copy, transcribe, write out, type)

Англо-русский синонимический словарь > type
88 scantling

брус имя существительное:
брус (bar, timber, beam, cant, rod, scantling)

размеры (measurements, proportions, magnitude, scantling)

трафарет (stencil, pattern, scantling, stencil-plate)

весьма небольшое количество (scantling)

образец (sample, pattern, specimen, model, example, scantling)

пиломатериал мелких размеров (scantling)

лесоматериал мелких размеров (scantling)

Англо-русский синонимический словарь > scantling
89 Standard

Стандарт имя прилагательное:
стандартный (standard, conventional, normal, stereotype, stereo, imperial)

типовой (standard, exemplary, typal)

нормальный (normal, standard, regular, sane, ordinary, natural)

нормативный (normative, standard, prescriptive)

общепринятый (common, conventional, accepted, standard, general, Orthodox)

образцовый (exemplary, model, standard, copybook, classic, pattern)

штамбовый (standard)
имя существительное:
стандарт (standard, norm)

эталон (reference, standard, model, gauge, gage)

норма (norm, rate, rule, standard, mark, task)

норматив (standard, norm)

знамя (banner, flag, standard, ensign, colors, pennant)

штандарт (standard)

образец (sample, pattern, specimen, model, example, standard)

класс (class, classroom, grade, School, form, standard)

мерило (measure, standard, yardstick, criterion, Test, metewand)

проба (try, sample, trial, test, probe, standard)

флаг (flag, banner, ensign, colors, pennant, standard)

кондиция (standard)

стойка (rack, bar, stand, counter, pillar, standard)

подставка (stand, rack, pedestal, support, coaster, standard)

курс (course, policy, path, heading, class, standard)

денежный стандарт (standard)

опора (support, reliance, bearing, pillar, prop, standard)

штамбовое растение (standard)

денежная система (standard)

Англо-русский синонимический словарь > Standard
90 Thing

Вещь имя существительное:
вещь (thing, article, object, work, entity, shebang)

предмет (subject, thing, object, article, matter, theme)

дело (case, business, deal, point, matter, thing)

штука (thing, piece, stunt, doodah, gee, hickey)

нечто (thing, aught)

кое-что (thing, little, smattering)

существо (being, essence, entity, thing, existence, wight)

факт (fact, thing, certain, matter of fact, deed)

обстоятельство (circumstance, fact, thing, case, development, occasion)

вещица (thing, bagatelle, gismo, knick-knack)

особенность (feature, peculiarity, singularity, characteristic, particularity, trait)

случай (happening, case, occasion, event, incident, chance)

рассказ (story, narrative, tale, narration, recital, anecdote)

образец (sample, pattern, specimen, model, example, piece)

одежда (clothes, clothing, garment, garments, dress, apparel)

анекдот (joke, anecdote, funny, thing, good story)

нечто самое важное (thing)

нечто самое нужное (thing)

музыкальное произведение (music, piece of music, composition, opus, chorus, thing)

образчик (specimen, sample, pattern, cast, thing)

нечто самое настоящее (thing)

нечто самое подходящее (thing)

художественное произведение (piece of art, production, thing)

литературное произведение (writing, book, composition, thing)

создание (creature, creation, development, making, formation, coinage)

качество (quality, character, grade, capacity, property, class)

свойство (property, characteristic, feature, affinity, quality, attribute)

Англо-русский синонимический словарь > Thing
91 model

1. n модель, макет

working model — действующая модель

mock-up model — макет

breadboard model — макет

data model — модель данных

experimental model — макет

model target — модель цели

2. n модель, образец; слепок, шаблон

constructed after model — сконструировано по образцу

industrial model — промышленный образец

kinematic model — кинематическая модель

model matching — согласование с моделью

model refinement — конкретизация модели

model resistance — сопротивление модели

3. n модель, фасон

the latest Paris models — новейшие парижские модели

subunit model — модель нуклонной группы

entity set model — информационная модель

non-burning model — модель для двигателя

security model — модель механизма защиты

self-propelled model — самоходная модель

4. n образец

a model of virtue — образец добродетели

model behaviour — образцовое поведение

production model — серийный образец

role model — образец для подражания

preproduction model — опытный образец

mass produced model — серийный образец

architectural model — образец архитектуры

5. n модель, тип, марка конструкции

the latest models of cars — последние модели автомобилей

generation model — генерационная модель

spatial model — пространственная модель

seven-layer model — семиуровневая модель

ship hull model — модель корпуса корабля

block diagram model — блок-схемная модель

6. n диал. точная копия

she is a perfect model of her mother — она точная копия своей матери

iconic model — модель, точно повторяющая объект

7. n натурщик; натурщица

8. n манекенщица; манекенщик

9. n манекен

10. n эвф. проститутка, приходящая по вызову

11. v делать, создавать модель или макет; моделировать; лепить

to model ships — делать модели кораблей

tunnel model — модель для испытаний в аэродинамической среде

radiative-convective model — радиационно-конвективная модель

singular model — одноуровневая модель; одноаспектная модель

network and relational model — сетевая и реляционная модель

geometrically similar model — геометрически подобная модель

12. v тех. формовать

13. v делать, создавать по образцу; следовать образцу

his work is model led on the Spanish — в своих произведениях он использовал испанские образцы; в своих произведениях он следовал испанским образцам

on this model — по этому образцу

research model — опытный образец

certificate model — опытный образец

reproduced model molding — формовка по образцу

oversize model paper — образец статьи увеличенного размера

14. v быть натурщиком, натурщицей, живой моделью

model formulation — определение модели

simulating model — имитационная модель

simulation model — имитационная модель

typewriter model — машинописная модель

continuum model — статистическая модель

15. v быть манекенщицей

she models for a living — она работает манекенщицей, она зарабатывает на жизнь, демонстрируя модели одежды

Синонимический ряд:

1. ideal (adj.) exemplary; flawless; ideal; indefectible; peerless; perfect; supreme; very

2. typical (adj.) archetypal; classic; classical; demonstrative; illustrative; paradigmatic; prototypal; prototypic; prototypical; quintessential; representative; typical

3. archetype (noun) archetype; beau ideal; ensample; example; exemplar; ideal; mirror; mold; mould; original; paradigm; paragon; pattern; phenomenon; prototype; standard

4. copy (noun) copy; duplicate; facsimile; image; imitation; mock-up; print; replica; representation

5. design (noun) design; style; type; version

6. miniature (noun) miniature; pocket edition

7. caricature (verb) caricature; duplicate; illustrate; parody

8. display (verb) display; exhibit; show

9. follow (verb) copy; emulate; follow; pattern

10. form (verb) design; fashion; form; mold; mould; plan; shape

Антонимический ряд:

production; work

English-Russian base dictionary > model
92 set

set 1. present participle - setting; verb
1) (to put or place: She set the tray down on the table.) sette, legge, plassere

2) (to put plates, knives, forks etc on (a table) for a meal: Please would you set the table for me?) dekke på bordet

3) (to settle or arrange (a date, limit, price etc): It's difficult to set a price on a book when you don't know its value.) (fast)sette, angi

4) (to give a person (a task etc) to do: The witch set the prince three tasks; The teacher set a test for her pupils; He should set the others a good example.) gi, sette opp; vise

5) (to cause to start doing something: His behaviour set people talking.) få til å

6) ((of the sun etc) to disappear below the horizon: It gets cooler when the sun sets.) gå ned

7) (to become firm or solid: Has the concrete set?) stivne, binde, størkne

8) (to adjust (eg a clock or its alarm) so that it is ready to perform its function: He set the alarm for 7.00 a.m.) stille

9) (to arrange (hair) in waves or curls.) legge (hår)

10) (to fix in the surface of something, eg jewels in a ring.) innfatte

11) (to put (broken bones) into the correct position for healing: They set his broken arm.) sette sammen/i ledd
2. adjective
1) (fixed or arranged previously: There is a set procedure for doing this.) fast, foreskrevet, obligatorisk

2) ((often with on) ready, intending or determined (to do something): He is set on going.) klar, parat, fast besluttet

3) (deliberate: He had the set intention of hurting her.) uttalt, bestemt

4) (stiff; fixed: He had a set smile on his face.) stiv, sammenbitt

5) (not changing or developing: set ideas.) meget bestemt, fastlåst

6) ((with with) having something set in it: a gold ring set with diamonds.) besatt/pyntet med
3. noun
1) (a group of things used or belonging together: a set of carving tools; a complete set of (the novels of) Jane Austen.) sett, samling

2) (an apparatus for receiving radio or television signals: a television/radio set.) -apparat

3) (a group of people: the musical set.) krets, gjeng, klikk, -sett

4) (the process of setting hair: a shampoo and set.) legg(ing)

5) (scenery for a play or film: There was a very impressive set in the final act.) dekorasjon, kulisser

6) (a group of six or more games in tennis: She won the first set and lost the next two.) sett

•

- setting
- setback
- set phrase
- set-square
- setting-lotion
- set-to
- set-up
- all set
- set about
- set someone against someone
- set against someone
- set someone against
- set against
- set aside
- set back
- set down
- set in
- set off
- set something or someone on someone
- set on someone
- set something or someone on
- set on
- set out
- set to
- set up
- set up camp
- set up house
- set up shop
- set upon

bande
--------
bestemt
--------
legge
--------
stø

I
subst. \/set\/

1) sett, samling

• I own a set of golf clubs

jeg eier et sett med golfkøller

• where's my toilet set?

hvor er toalettsakene mine?

• I washed the set of blue underwear

jeg vasket det blå undertøysettet

• I bought a lovely tea set

jeg kjøpte et flott teservise

• they're giving a set of lectures on Norway

de har en serie forelesninger om Norge

• this is a good set of drawing instruments

dette er bra tegneutstyr

• he has only one set of knife, fork and spoon

han har bare ett spisebestikk

• they have a set of questions for you

de har en rekke spørsmål til deg

• this is a nice set of teeth

dette er en fin tanngard

• he has a different set of values

han har andre verdier

• we met over a chess set

vi møttes over et sjakkspill

2) ( om bokverk) samtlige bind, verk

• the set was incomplete, as one volume was missing

verket var ufullstendig siden ett bind var borte

• the encyclopedia costs £850 the set

leksikonet koster 850 pund komplett

3) ( om mennesker) (omgangs)krets, gruppe, klikk

• he doesn't belong to our set

han hører ikke til vår omgangskrets

• they're a set of smugglers

de er en gjeng med smuglere

• that's a fine set of men

det er en statelig samling menn

4) apparat, anlegg

• don't leave the TV set on

ikke la TV-apparatet stå på

• that's a brand new hi-fi set

det er et helt nytt hi-fi-anlegg

5) ( om tidevann eller strøm) (bevegelses)retning

• do you know the set of the tide?

vet du tidevannets retning?

6) ( overført) innstilling, tendens, vridning

• the set of the public opinion isn't good

opinionens innstilling er ikke bra

• there's a set to the right

det er en vridning mot høyre

7) helling, måte

• I like the set of his head

jeg liker måten han holder hodet sitt på

8) plassering, stilling

9) form

• the set of the hills has always fascinated me

formen på bakkelandskapet har alltid fascinert meg

10) ( om tekstil) passform, fall

• I don't like the set of his coat

jeg syns ikke jakken hans sitter bra

11) ( poetisk) nedgang

• they met at the crossroads at the set of sun

de møttes ved korsveien ved solnedgang

12) ( sport) sett

13) ( om jakthund) stand

14) ( overført) angrep

15) gatestein, brostein

16) ( teater eller film) kulisse(r), dekorasjon

17) ( teater eller film) scene, innspillingsområde

18) ( hagebruk) stikling, avlegger, setteplante

19) (grevling)hi

20) ( om hår) legg

• I'd like a shampoo and set, please

jeg vil gjerne ha vask og legg, takk

21) ( matematikk) mengde, gruppe

22) ( i visse danser) tur(er)

23) ( bygg) finpuss

24) ( teknikk) stivning, herding

25) vikking (av en sag)

26) ( zoologi) rugeegg

27) ( typografi) trykksats, sett

empty set ( matematikk eller EDB) tom mengde

the fast set de forlystelsessyke, de som er med

have no set against anyone ikke ha noe imot noen

the jet set jetsettet

the literary set de litterære

make a dead set at gå løs på forsøke å legge an på

• the girl made a dead set at the young man

jenta forsøkte å legge an på den unge mannen

a set of furniture et møblement

set of wheels ( hverdagslig) bil, kjerre

the smart set de fine, fintfolk

theory of sets eller set theory ( matematikk) mengdelære

the whole set ( hverdagslig) hele gjengen, hele hurven

the young set ungdommen
II
verb ( set - set) \/set\/

1) sette (frem), stille, legge ut, sette ut

• could you set the chairs?

kan du sette frem stolene?

• they set guards

de satte ut vakter

• she set a trap

hun satte ut en felle

• she set the police on him

hun satte politiet på ham

2) dekke

• he's setting the table

han dekker bordet

3) ( om klokke) stille

• here we set our watches by the time signal

her stiller vi klokken etter tidssignalet

• I'll set the alarm clock for six o'clock

jeg skal stille vekkerklokken på seks

• he was setting (the hands of) the clock

han stilte en klokke

4) bestemme, fastsette

• we set a time for the meeting

vi fastsatte et tidspunkt for møtet

• that set the tone

det slo an tonen

• she sets the fashion

hun bestemmer moten

5) fremlegge (for), gi

• the teacher set them a problem

læreren fremla et problem for dem

• she set certain books to be read

hun satte sammen en bokliste

• I'll set the exam paper

jeg skal sette sammen eksamensoppgaven

6) få (i gang), sette (i gang)

• it set his heart beating faster

det fikk hjertet hans til å slå raskere

• I set the machine going

jeg satte i gang maskinen

• it set people laughing

det fikk folk til å le

• the news set me thinking

nyheten fikk meg til å tenke

7) ( om himmellegeme eller overført) gå ned, synke

• the sun sets at eight

solen går ned klokken åtte

• his star has set

hans stjerne har dalt

8) stivne, sette seg, tykne

• the jelly has not set yet

geleen har ikke stivnet ennå

• some kinds of concrete set quickly

noen typer betong stivner raskt

9) ( overført) befeste seg, sette seg, stivne

• his character has set

hans personlighet har befestet seg

10) ( om ansiktsuttrykk eller øyne) stivne, bli stram

• his eyes set

han ble stiv i blikket

• his face set

han ble stram i ansiktet

11) ( typografi) sette (sats)

• I set the page yesterday

jeg satte siden i går

12) (teater e.l.) legge til, foregå

• he set the scene in France

han la scenen til Frankrike

• the play is set in London

handlingen foregår i London

13) ( om hår) legge

• she had her hair set

hun fikk lagt håret

• did you set your hair on rollers?

la du opp håret på ruller?

14) montere, sette opp

• she was busy setting set butterflies

hun var opptatt med å sette opp sommerfugler på nåler

15) ( hagebruk) sette (ned), plante, så

• I set potatoes every year as a child

jeg satte poteter hvert år som barn

• we should set the hedge before we leave

vi burde plante hekken før vi drar

• don't set seeds here

ikke så frø her

16) ( hagebruk) (få til å) sette frukt

• this would help to set the tomatoes

dette vil få tomatene til å sette frukt

• a tree sets

et tre setter frukt

• fruit sets

frukt dannes

17) besette, innfatte

• it is set with jewels

den er besatt med juveler

• it's a stone set in gold

det er en stein innfattet i gull

• I bought glass panes set in lead

jeg kjøpte blyinnfattede glassvinduer

• he painted the sky set with stars

han malte en himmel overstrødd med stjerner

18) ( om musikk) tonesette, sette

• Sarah set new words to an old tune

Sarah satte ny tekst til en gammel melodi

19) (medisin, om ben eller ledd) sette på plass, reponere, sette i ledd, gro, vokse sammen

• the doctor set the broken bone

legen reponerte det brukne benet

• his bones will soon set

benene hans kommer snart til å gro

20) ( om sag) vikke

• I don't know how to set a saw

jeg vet ikke hvordan man vikker en sag

21) ( sjøfart) sette

22) få til å stivne, gjøre stiv

• cold sets jelly

kulde får gelé til å stivne

23) beregne, vurdere, estimere

• the losses were set at £50 a day

tapet ble beregnet til å være 50 pund per dag

24) (om tidevann, strøm, vind) gå, løpe, strømme, komme

• a strong current sets through the channel

en sterk strøm går gjennom kanalen

• the wind sets from the west

vinden kommer fra vest

• the current sets to the north

strømmen løper nordover

• the tide sets in

tidevannet setter inn

25) ( overført) svinge, dreie

• public opinion is setting against the proposal

opinionen går imot forslaget

• public opinion has set in his favour

opinionen har svingt til hans fordel

26) ( om klær) sitte

• the suit sets well

dressen sitter godt

27) ( om jakthund) få stand, ta stand

28) ( om dans) figurere

• he set to his partner

han figurerte mot partneren sin

29) ( i veving) fiksere

set about gå i gang med, begynne (på)

• I should set about the paper now

jeg burde gå i gang med oppgaven nå

• please set about (in) the right way

vær så snill å begynne på riktig måte

(britisk, hverdagslig) gå løs på, fare løs på spre, sette i gang

• did you set the rumour about?

var det du som spredte ryktet?

set about doing something begynne å gjøre noe

set about it bære seg at

set about something gripe noe an, gå i gang med noe

• I don't know how to set about it

jeg vet ikke hvordan jeg skal gripe det an

set against veie (opp) mot, sette (opp) mot

• the advantages must be set against the disadvantages

fordelene må veies opp mot ulempene

sette opp mot, gjøre fiendtlig innstilt mot

• everyone was set against him

alle var satt opp mot ham

set a good example være et godt eksempel

set a hen plassere en høne på egg

set apart sette til side, reservere, legge av

set apart from skille fra, se forskjell på

set a price on something prissette noe

• you cannot set a price on friendship

du kan ikke sette en pris på vennskap

set aside legge til side, sette av, spare

• my mother set aside part of her income

moren min sparte en del av inntekten sin

se bort ifra

• setting aside his age, you're perfect for each other

bortsett fra alderen hans er dere perfekte for hverandre

avvise, forkaste

• you cannot set aside that offer

du kan ikke avvise det tilbudet

( jus) omstøte, tilsidesette, oppheve

• they are trying to set aside the will

de prøver å omstøte testamentet

• the judge set aside the verdict of the jury

dommeren opphevet juryens kjennelse

set at angripe

set at large frigi, sette på frifot

set at work sette i arbeid sette i gang

set back sette en stopper for, stoppe forsinke, sinke

• it set us back two hours

det sinket oss med to timer

skru tilbake, sette tilbake, stille tilbake

• they set (the hands of) the clock back yesterday

de skrudde klokken tilbake i går

legge bakover

• the horse set back its ears

hesten la ørene sine bakover

( hverdagslig) koste

• it set me back $50

det kostet meg 50 dollar

plassere vekk fra

• the house is well set back from the road

huset ligger et godt stykke fra veien

set before legge frem for, forelegge sette frem foran, sette frem til

• she set wine before the guests

hun satte frem vin til gjestene

set before oneself gjøre til sin oppgave

set down sette ned

• just set down that heavy bag

bare sett ned den tunge vesken

sette av, slippe av

• I'll set you down at the corner

jeg slipper deg av på hjørnet

skrive ned, skrive opp, notere sette (opp), føre (opp)

• set it down to my account

sett det på min regning

• we'll set down rules before we start

vi kommer til å sette opp regler før vi starter

• I can set it down in black and white for you

jeg kan gi deg det svart på hvitt anse, betrakte, ta

• I set him down for a thief

jeg tok ham for å være en tyv

• he set himself down as an author

han betegnet seg selv som en forfatter

( overført) sette på plass

set down as anse som, betrakte som

set down in writing skrive ned

set down to tilskrive, skylde på, forklare med

• he set down the failure to bad planning

han forklarte fiaskoen med dårlig planlegging

set eggs plassere egg under en høne

set forth legge frem, fremstille, skildre

• she set forth the theory at the conference

hun la frem teorien på konferansen

sende ut, offentliggjøre, kunngjøre gi seg i vei, legge ut, dra ut, reise

• two women set forth on a journey

to kvinner la ut på en reise

• they set forth against the enemy

de dro ut mot fienden

set forth for reise til

set forward ( om visere på klokke) stille frem, skru frem

• remember to set (the hands of) the clock forward

husk å stille frem klokken

sette frem, flytte frem legge frem, anføre, foregi

• he set forward his views

han la frem sine synspunkter

fremme, hjelpe frem ( gammeldags) gi seg i vei, legge ut, dra ut, reise

set free sette fri, slippe ut frigjøre

set in begynne (for alvor), falle på, sette inn

• the rainy season has set in

regntiden har begynt for alvor

• it set in to rain

det begynte å regne

• darkness set in

mørket falt på

( om tidevann) sette inn

set off gi seg i vei, gi seg ut, reise

• he's setting off on a trip

han gir seg ut på en reise

• we must set off early

vi må gi oss i vei tidlig

sette i vei, løpe avgårde

• she set off after the thief

hun satte i vei etter tyven

avfyre, få til å eksplodere, fremkalle

• don't set off the rocket

ikke avfyr raketten

• the explosion was set off by a spark

eksplosjonen ble fremkalt av en gnist

sette i gang, starte, utløse, lede inn på

• that set off a chain reaction

det satte i gang en kjedereaksjon

• this set him off on his favourite subject

dette ledet ham inn på hans favorittemne fremheve, forhøye, pryde

• the white dress set off her suntan

den hvite kjolen fremhevet brunfargen hennes oppveie, kompensere, utligne

skille (ut), skille fra

• you set off a clause by a comma

du skiller ut en leddsetning med komma

reservere, sette av

• she set off a portion of the property

hun satte av en del av eiendommen

set off running begynne å løpe

set on overfalle, kaste seg over

• I was set on by a dog

jeg ble overfalt av en hund

egge, anspore, jage

• he set his dog on me

han pusset hunden på meg

• she set Jane on to break the window

hun egget Jane til å knuse vinduet rykke frem, avansere

sette til

set oneself against eller set one's face against bestemt sette seg imot

set oneself forward fremheve seg selv

set oneself to do something sette i gang med å gjøre noe bestemme seg for å gjøre noe

set oneself up against sette seg opp mot

set one's hand to something skrive under på noe

• she set her hand to the document

hun skrev under på dokumentet

sette i gang med noe

• he set his hand to a task

han gikk i gang med en oppgave

set one's mind on sette seg i hodet, absolutt ville ha, være fast bestemt på

• he has set his mind on (having) a bicycle

han vil absolutt ha en sykkel

• she has set her mind on going there

hun er fast bestemt på å dra dit

set out gi seg i vei, dra ut, reise

• Peter and James set out on a journey

Peter og James gav seg i vei på en reise

• they set out at dawn

de dro ut ved daggry

begynne (sin virksomhet)

• Lisa set out in business four years ago

Lisa begynte i forretningslivet for fire år siden

• I set out in life with optimism

jeg gikk ut i livet med optimisme

• he had not much to set out on

han hadde ikke mye å begynne med

legge frem, fremføre, skildre

• she set out her reasons

hun la frem sine grunner

legge frem, vise frem, stille ut

• people set out merchandise

folk stilte ut handelsvarer

sette ut, plassere (ut), sette frem stake ut ( om tidevann) avta

set out for reise til

set out from dra (ut) fra, utgå fra

set out to gå i gang med, sette seg fore

• they set out to reform the system

de satte seg fore å reformere systemet

set right avhjelpe

set sail sette seil

set somebody off få noen til å

• it set everybody off laughing

det fikk alle til å le

set somebody over others sette noen over andre, sette noen til å overvåke andre

set somebody to sette noen til, sette noen på

• she set him to the job

hun satte ham på jobben

set something going sette i gang noe

set something in order få orden i noe, fikse noe

set something off against gå opp i opp med, balansere med

set something to (music) sette musikk til noe, tonesette noe

set the ball rolling ( overført) dra i gang noe, begynne med noe få samtalen i gang

set the fox to keep the geese se ➢ fox, 1

set to sette i gang for fullt

• they set to and soon finished the job

de satte i gang for fullt og var snart ferdig med jobben

hugge innpå maten, kaste seg over maten

• they were hungry and at once set to

de var sultne og kastet seg over maten med en gang

sette i gang med å slåss

set together sette sammen

set to work skride til verket, sette i gang sette i gang med å arbeide

set up sette opp, reise, oppføre

• my family set up a fence

familien min satte opp et gjerde

• could you set up the ladder?

kunne du reise stigen?

• they set up a building

de oppførte en bygning

• I saw them set up the tent

jeg så dem slå opp teltet

rigge opp, montere

• my grandma set up her loom

bestemor rigget opp veven sin

• she set up the machine

hun monterte maskinen

gjøre klar, klargjøre heise

• at nine they set up the flag

klokken ni heiser de flagget

opprette, etablere, anlegge

• the family set up a business in town

familien etablerte en forretning i byen

innføre

• the government set up a new system

regjeringen innførte et nytt system

utnevne

• first we should set up a committee

først må vi utnevne en komité fremkalle, forårsake, volde

• being cold may set up an irritation

det å være kald kan fremkalle en irritasjon utstøte, sette i

• he set up a yell

han utstøtte et hyl

• she set up a laugh

hun satte i en latter

• they set up a protest

de protesterte høylytt

gjøre frisk, få på beina

• the sea air will soon set you up again

snart kommer sjøluften til å gjøre deg frisk igjen

( typografi) sette

• the typographer set up an article

typografen satte en artikkel

(hjelpe til å) etablere seg

• she set (herself) up as a doctor

hun etablerte seg som lege

• he set his son up as a bookseller

han hjalp sin sønn å etablere seg som bokhandler bygge, sette opp

(spesielt amer., hverdagslig) sette en felle for

set up a defence ( overført) gå i forsvarsposisjon, forsvare seg

set up a record sette rekord

set up for oneself starte sitt eget, begynne for seg selv

set up house begynne egen husholdning, etablere seg

set upon overfalle, kaste seg over egge, hisse, jage rykke frem, avansere

set up shop åpne forretning

set up the standard of revolt ( overført) heise opprørsfanen

set up to be eller set oneself up as gi seg ut for

• he set himself up as a judge of taste

han opphøyde seg til smaksdommer

set up (in) type ( typografi) sette

be (well) set up with eller (be) (well) set up være velutstyrt med

the stage is set for eller the scene is set for ( overført) alt er klart for, alt er lagt til rette for, det er duket for
III
adj. \/set\/

1) fast(satt), bestemt

• their wages are set

lønnen deres er fast

• is this the set price?

er dette den fastsatte prisen?

• the date is set

datoen er fastsatt

• he follows a set pattern

han følger et bestemt mønster

• she follows set rules

hun følger bestemte regler

2) stiv(net), stereotyp, ubevegelig

• she had a set smile

hun hadde et stivt smil

• did you notice his set look?

la du merke til hans ubevegelige ansiktsuttrykk?

3) bestemt, fast, ubevegelig

• he is a man of set opinions

han er en mann med meget bestemte meninger

• she has become set in a fixed mould

(overført) hun har stivnet i en viss form

4) beliggende, som ligger

• he's from the town set on the hill

han er fra byen som ligger på åsen

5) ( hverdagslig) klar, ferdig

all set alt (er klappet og) klart

• are we all set?

er vi klare?

at a set time på et bestemt tidspunkt

be set in one's way være lite fleksibel, ha inngrodde vaner, ha faste vaner

• he is very set in his ways

han har meget faste vaner

be (dead) set (up)on something ( hverdagslig) være oppsatt på noe

• he is dead set on having the job

han er oppsatt på å få jobben

( hverdagslig) ha slått inn på

• he is dead set on a dangerous course

han har slått inn på en farlig vei

get set! ( sport) (klar) ferdig!

• on your marks! get ready! get set! go!

innta plassene! klar! ferdig! gå!

in (good) set terms i klare ord, utvetydig

set fair (britisk, om vær) pent (uten tegn til å slå om)

a set speech en på forhånd utarbeidet tale en typisk tale

English-Norwegian dictionary > set
93 exemplar

образец имя существительное:
экземпляр (copy, specimen, example, exemplar, number)

образец (sample, pattern, specimen, model, example, exemplar)

пример для подражания (exemplar)

представитель (representative, spokesman, member, delegate, agent, exemplar)

тип (type, style, kind, class, nature, exemplar)

Англо-русский синонимический словарь > exemplar
94 lead

1. n грузило, отвес

2. n мор. лот

to cast the lead — бросать лот, мерить глубину лотом

to cast the lead — бросать лот

heaving the lead — бросание лота

cast of the lead — бросание лота

deep-sea sounding lead — глубоководный лот

coasting lead — ручной лот для средних глубин

3. n сл. пуля, пули

lead poison — смерть от пули

lead towel — пуля

4. n l

5. n свинцовые полосы для покрытия крыши

lead box — свинцовый ящик

lead ore — свинцовая руда

lead skim — свинцовый шлак

lead tube — свинцовая туба

red lead — свинцовый сурик

6. n покрытая свинцом крыша; плоская крыша

under the leads — на чердаке, под крышей

lead silicate — кремнекислый свинец (

lead telluride — теллуристый свинец (

lead arsenate — мышьяковокислый свинец

lead iodate — йодноватокислый свинец (

lead oxalate — щавелевокислый свинец (

7. n графит; карандашный грифель

black lead — графит

pot lead — графит, чёрный свинец

8. n полигр. свинец, гарт

lead ladle — ложка для разлива свинца

lead oleate — олеиновокислый свинец (

lead sulphovinate — этилсульфат свинца

lead thiocyanate — роданистый свинец (

lead thiocyanide — роданистый свинец (

9. n полигр. шпоны

lead case — наборная касса для размещения шпон

10. n диал. котелок, котёл

lead balloon — неудача; провал

11. v тех. освинцовывать, покрывать свинцом

lead rhodanide — роданистый свинец (

lead tartrate — виннокислый свинец (

lead citrate — лимоннокислый свинец (

lead formate — муравьинокислый свинец (

lead selenate — селеновокислый свинец (

12. v полигр. разделять шпонами, прокладывать шпоны; набирать на шпоны

13. n руководство; инициатива

to take the lead — брать на себя руководство, проявлять инициативу

took the lead — взял на себя инициативу

taken the lead — взял на себя инициативу

14. n пример

lead the way — идти во главе; показывать пример

15. n указание, директива

16. n ключ; намёк

17. n развёрнутый подзаголовок, аннотация

18. n вводная часть

lead unit — головная часть

19. n первое предложение или первый абзац информационной статьи

lead the advance — продвигаться в первом эшелоне

primary lead — первичная или основная версия

lead an assault — наступать в первом эшелоне

gaining the lead — занятие первого места

gain the lead — занимать первое место

20. n газетная информация, помещённая на видном месте

bus lead — шина

gained the lead — занял первое место

lead information — директивная информация

21. n первенство, первое место

in the lead — во главе

22. n преим. спорт. преимущество, перевес

to have a lead of several metres — опередить на несколько метров

23. n поводок; привязь

the dog was on the lead — собака шла на поводке

24. n театр. кино

female lead — кино главная женская роль

25. n главная роль

lead mechanic — главный механик

male lead — кино главная мужская роль

26. n исполнитель или исполнительница главной роли

27. n карт. ход; первый ход

whose lead is it? — чей ход?

antenna lead — антенный вход

28. n карт. карта, масть

29. n карт. разг. дорожка, тропинка

blind lead — тупик

30. n карт. искусственное русло

31. n карт. разводье; проход

ice lead — разводье

32. n карт. эл. подводящий провод

lead compensator — компенсатор сопротивления проводов

instrument lead — соединительные провода прибора

high voltage lead — провод высокого напряжения

high tension lead — провод высокого напряжения

ground lead — земляной провод; земляной вывод

33. n карт. ошиновка, электропроводка

aircraft lead — электропроводка воздушного судна

34. n карт. трубопровод; канал

35. n карт. тех. шаг или ход

variable lead threading — нарезание резьбы переменного шага

lead tolerance — допуск шага

36. n карт. тех. отводной блок

удар

37. n карт. тех. центрирующая фаска

38. n карт. тех. опережение, предварение

lead compensation — коррекция на опережение по фазе

salvo lead point — точка предварения залпа

lead control — регулирование с опережением

valve lead — опережение закрытия клапана

admission lead — предварение впуска

39. n карт. воен. упреждение, приведение огня

lead element — головное подразделение

turn lead — упреждение разворота

lateral lead — боковое упреждение

vertical lead — вертикальное упреждение

horizontal lead — горизонтальное упреждение

lead computing gyroscope — гироскоп упреждения

40. n карт. геол. жила, жильное месторождение

lead of cable — токопроводящая жила кабеля

41. n карт. геол. золотоносный песок

42. n карт. тех. стрела; укосина

pendulum lead — качающаяся стрела

43. v вести; показывать путь

to lead by the hand — вести за руку

to lead a blind man — вести слепого

to lead the life of a gentleman — вести праздный образ жизни

to lead a fast life — вести беспутную жизнь, прожигать жизнь

to lead the life of religion — вести монашеский образ жизни

to lead a riotous life — вести разгульный образ жизни

to lead a healthy life — вести здоровый образ жизни

44. v руководить, возглавлять; управлять

to lead an army — командовать армией

to lead an expedition — руководить экспедицией

to lead a mutiny — стоять во главе мятежа

to lead a choir — управлять хором

to lead the fashion — быть законодателем мод

take the lead — быть впереди; возглавлять

to lead for the defence — возглавлять защиту

45. v занимать первое место; быть впереди

to lead the advance — двигаться в голове наступающих войск

forward lead — сдвиг щеток вперед

46. v спорт. идти первым; вести, лидировать

the big chestnut was leading by three lengths — большая гнедая лошадь опередила других на три корпуса

to lead a good life — вести правильный образ жизни

to lead a dissipated life — вести разгульную жизнь

to lead a life of otiosity — вести праздную жизнь

to lead a gay life — вести беспутную жизнь

to lead down the aisle — вести к алтарю

47. v спорт. вести по очкам; иметь, набрать больше очков

lead to a blind alley — завести в тупик

lead away — увести, увлечь

lead out of — вести в

48. v превосходить

as an actor he certainly leads — как актёр он, несомненно, не имеет себе равных

49. v вести, приводить

where does this road lead? — куда ведёт эта дорога?

50. v выходить, сообщаться

a bathroom leads out of the bedroom — ванная примыкает к спальне

51. v вести, служить проводом или каналом

LT lead — провод низкого напряжения

grounding lead — заземляющий провод

jump lead — провод большого сечения

HT lead — провод высокого напряжения

negative lead — отрицательный провод

52. v приводить; вызвать; быть причиной, иметь результатом

to lead nowhere — ни к чему не привести, оказаться безрезультатным

to lead to illness — кончиться болезнью

to lead to a poor result — дать незначительные результаты

fear led him to tell lies — страх заставил его лгать

to lead to crime — вести, приводить к совершению преступления

53. v убедить, склонить; заставить, повлиять

what led you to think so? — что заставило вас так думать?

54. v вовлекать

and lead us not into temptation — и не введи нас во искушение

55. v юр. задавать наводящие вопросы

56. v карт. ходить

to lead hearts — ходить с опережать

57. v воен. упреждать

58. v шотл. юр. свидетельствовать; представлять

all roads lead to Rome — все дороги ведут в Рим

Синонимический ряд:

1. chief (adj.) chief; main; prime; principal; supreme

2. first (adj.) first; front; head; primary

3. advance (noun) advance; first place; foremost

4. clue (noun) clue; evidence; hint; scent

5. direction (noun) direction; leadership; management

6. example (noun) example; guidance; model; pattern

7. head (noun) boss; head; king; precedence; president; vanguard

8. leader (noun) bellwether; dean; doyen; guide; leader; pilot

9. leading lady (noun) leading lady; leading man; prima donna; principal; protagonist; star

10. weight (noun) plumb; weight

11. command (verb) captain; command; dominate; reign; rule

12. convert (verb) bring; convert; move; persuade

13. go (verb) carry; extend; go; reach; run; stretch

14. guide (verb) conduct; convey; direct; escort; go before; guide; introduce; manage; moderate; pilot; precede; preface; route; see; shepherd; show; steer; usher

15. influence (verb) allure; convince; entice; induce; influence; lure; seduce

16. live (verb) live; pass; pursue

17. surpass (verb) beat; excel; outstrip; overtake; surpass; transcend

Антонимический ряд:

accede; acquiesce; assent; assist; attend; comply; concede; concur; conform; consent; dissuade; follow; help; imitate; last; obey; secondary; trail

English-Russian base dictionary > lead
95 phenomenon

1. n явление, феномен

the phenomenon of nature — явление природы

common phenomenon — обычное явление

staircase phenomenon — лестничный феномен

blanching phenomenon — феномен угасания сыпи

bystander phenomenon — неспецифический феномен

interference phenomenon — феномен интерференции

phenomenon of polarization — явление поляризации

2. n филос. объект чувственного восприятия

3. n разг. необыкновенное явление, феномен; чудо

infant phenomenon — чудо-ребёнок, вундеркинд

age-involution phenomenon — феномен возрастной инволюции

self-trapping phenomenon — явление самофокусировки

rash extinction phenomenon — феномен угасания сыпи

release phenomenon — явление расслабления

reflex phenomenon — рефлекторное явление

Синонимический ряд:

1. event (noun) appearance; aspect; circumstance; event; fact; happening; incident; occurrence

2. example (noun) example; ideal; mirror; model; paradigm; pattern; standard

3. wonder (noun) curiosity; marvel; miracle; portent; prodigy; sensation; stunner; wonder; wonderment

English-Russian base dictionary > phenomenon
96 sort

1. n вид, род; сорт, разновидность; разряд, тип, класс

all sorts of things, things of all sorts — всевозможные вещи

something of the sort — что-то в этом роде

nothing of the sort — ничего подобного

biscuits of several sorts — печенье нескольких сортов

all sorts of calumnies — всевозможные клеветнические измышления

cranks of one sort or another — разного рода психопаты

I sort of thought … — я вроде подумал …

to sort out — распределять по сортам

sort of — как бы, вроде, скорее

of this sort — подобного типа

sort of goods — род товаров

2. n тип человека

a good sort — славный малый

of a sort — тип

downright sort of man — прямой человек

a decent sort of man — порядочный человек

a positive sort of man — самоуверенный человек

he is a forceful sort of person — он сильный человек

3. n характер, натура

people of an evil sort — порочные люди

4. n способ, образ, манера

5. n полигр. литеры

6. n вчт. сортировка данных

quick sort — быстрая сортировка

sort utility — программа сортировки

a sort of — нечто вроде; почти

straight selection sort — сортировка методом простого выбора

comparison counting sort — сортировка сравнением и подсчетом

partition-exchange sort — обменная сортировка с разделением

balanced merge sort — сортировка сбалансированным слиянием

address calculation sort — сортировка с вычислением адреса

7. v разбирать, сортировать, классифицировать

to sort pencils by colours — разбирать карандаши по цвету

sort out — улаживать, утрясать; разбираться

sort out its problems — разбираться в своих проблемах

8. v валить, всех людей без разбору в одну кучу

knowable sort of people — общительные люди

9. v соотноситься

his actions sort ill with his claim to be the champion of the oppressed — его действия плохо вяжутся с претензией на звание защитника угнетённых

10. v общаться

to sort with thieves — связаться с жульём

11. v разг. расправиться

Синонимический ряд:

1. example (noun) example; exemplar; pattern; sample

2. group (noun) array; batch; battery; body; bunch; bundle; clot; clump; cluster; clutch; group; lot; parcel; passel; platoon; set; suite

3. type (noun) breed; cast; caste; character; class; cut; description; feather; ilk; kidney; kind; mold; mould; nature; order; persuasion; race; rank; species; stamp; stripe; type; variety

4. way (noun) fashion; manner; means; method; style; way

5. class (verb) assort; categorise; class; classify; pigeon-hole; sort out

6. comb (verb) comb; filter; separate; sift; winnow

7. group (verb) arrange; array; assort; class; classify; dispose; distribute; divide; file; group; marshal; order; organise; organize; range; rank; systematise

Антонимический ряд:

aggregate; disorder; scramble

English-Russian base dictionary > sort
97 specimen

1. n образец, образчик; экземпляр

specimen copy — пробный экземпляр

specimen work — образцовая работа

specimen of handwriting — образец почерка

tension test specimen — образец для испытания на растяжение

tension specimen — образец для испытания на растяжение

bending test specimen — образец для испытаний на изгиб

shear test specimen — образец для испытания на срез

free specimen copy — авторский бесплатный экземпляр

2. n ирон. тип, субъект

queer specimen — странный тип, чудак

Синонимический ряд:

example (noun) case; case history; example; illustration; instance; model; original; pattern; prototype; representative; sample; sampling; type

English-Russian base dictionary > specimen
98 type

1. n тип, типичный образец или представитель

true to type — типичный, характерный

generic data type — родовой тип данных; данные родового типа

floating point type — плавающий тип; тип с плавающей запятой

stacker type delivery tray — приемный стол стапельного типа

screw type core pusher — выталкиватель керна винтового типа

poppet type check valve — обратный клапан тарельчатого типа

2. n разновидность

literary type — литературный тип

modern type of a man — современный тип человека

types of speech — виды речи

people of this type — люди такого типа

the most dangerous type of critic — самый опасный тип критика

3. n род, класс, группа

blood type — группа крови

first of its type — первый подобного рода

type II error — ошибка второго рода

type I error — ошибка первого рода

cationic type — катионная группа

4. n символ; эмблема

a type of what was to come — символ того, что должно было произойти

5. n модель, образец

a type of Italian beauty — тип итальянской красоты

type approval — утверждение опытного образца

type specimen book — книга с образцами шрифтов

type specification book — книга с образцами шрифтов

untrue to type — не соответствующий типу или образцу

6. n изображение на монете или медали

type character — знак

7. n отличительный знак или отличительная метка; водяной знак

to be of the same type — иметь один и тот же отличительный знак

type distortion unit — устройство трансформации знаков

conditioner of the radiator type — водяной кондиционер

8. n штамп, оттиск

type proofing — получение пробных оттисков с текстовых форм

9. n полигр. литера

type front — передняя стенка литеры

music type — типографские нотные литеры

type for hand-setting — литера для ручного набора

10. n полигр. шрифт

black type — жирный шрифт

light type — светлый шрифт

Italic type — курсив

in type — в наборе; набранный

light-face type — светлый шрифт

regular type — нормальный шрифт

reverse type — выворотный шрифт

rub-off type — переводной шрифт

skeleton type — контурный шрифт

11. n полигр. набор

cold type — холодный набор

packet of type — наборная касса

type planer — деревянный молоток для выколачивания набора

metal type composition — буквоотливной набор

type dimensioning — изменение кегля набора

to lock the type — заключать набор в раме

hand-set type — шрифт для ручного набора

12. a типичный

13. a типографский

type composition — типографский набор

type alloy — типографский сплав

printing type — типографский шрифт

printer's type — типографский шрифт

type metal alloy — типографский сплав

14. v писать, печатать на машинке

to type a letter — напечатать на машинке письмо

to type a quotation — напечатать цитату

to type with double spacing — печатать через два интервала

to type single space — печатать через один интервал

type over — печатать поверх

then type — затем печатать

15. v определять

to type a blood sample — определять группу крови

16. v классифицировать; относить к определённому типу

she typed him a hero — она отнесла его к разряду героев

factory type accelerator — ускоритель типа мезонной фабрики

relay type echo suppressor — эхозаградитель релейного типа

ram type steering gear — рулевой привод плунжерного типа

betatron type accelerator — ускоритель бетатронного типа

bubble type oxygenator — оксигенатор пузырькового типа

17. v быть типичным представителем

18. v служить прообразом, быть прототипом; предвосхищать

Синонимический ряд:

1. breed (noun) breed; cast; caste; category; class; classification; cut; description; division; family; feather; genus; group; ilk; kidney; kind; lot; manner; mold; mould; nature; order; persuasion; sort; species; stripe; variety; way

2. example (noun) archetype; example; model; original; pattern; prototype; representative; sample; specimen

3. font (noun) font; print; typography

4. symbol (noun) character; device; figure; form; image; representation; sign; stamp; symbol

5. arrange (verb) arrange; categorise; categorize; class; sort; standardise; standardize

6. typewrite (verb) copy; Teletype; transcribe; typewrite

Антонимический ряд:

deformity; deviation; distortion; falsification; malformation; misrepresentation; monstrosity; peculiarity

English-Russian base dictionary > type
99 Brunelleschi, Filippo

SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building

[br]

b. 1377 Florence, Italy

d. 15 April 1446 Florence, Italy

[br]

Italian artist, craftsman and architect who introduced the Italian Renaissance style of classical architecture in the fifteenth century.

[br]

Brunelleschi was a true "Renaissance Man" in that he excelled in several disciplines, as did most artists of the Italian Renaissance of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. He was a goldsmith and sculptor; fifteenth-century writers acknowledge him as the first to study and demonstrate the principles of perspective, and he clearly possessed a deep mathematical understanding of the principles of architectural structure.

Brunelleschi's Foundling Hospital in Florence, begun in 1419, is accepted as the first Renaissance building, one whose architectural style is based upon a blend of the classical principles and decoration of Ancient Rome and those of the Tuscan Romanesque. Brunelleschi went on to design a number of important Renaissance structures in Florence, such as the basilicas of San Lorenzo and Santo Spirito, the Pazzi Chapel at Santa Croce, and the unfinished church of Santa Maria degli Angeli.

However, the artistic and technical feat for which Brunelleschi is most famed is the completion of Florence Cathedral by constructing a dome above the octagonal drum which had been completed in 1412. The building of this dome presented what appeared to be at the time insuperable problems, which had caused previous cathedral architects to shy away from tackling it. The drum was nearly 140 ft (43 m) in diameter and its base was 180 ft (55 m) above floor level: no wooden centering was possible because no trees long enough to span the gap could be found, and even if they had been available, the weight of such a massive framework would have broken centering beneath. In addition, the drum had no external abutment, so the weight of the dome must exert excessive lateral thrust. Aesthetically, the ideal Renaissance dome, like the Roman dome before it (for example, the Pantheon) was a hemisphere, but in the case of the Florence Cathedral such a structure would have been unsafe, so Brunelleschi created a pointed dome that would create less thrust laterally. He constructed eight major ribs of stone and, between them, sixteen minor ones, using a light infilling. He constructed a double-shell dome, which was the first of this type but is a design that has been followed by nearly all major architects since this date (for example Michelangelo's Saint Peter's in Rome, and Wren's Saint Paul's in London). Further strength is given by a herringbone pattern of masonry and brick infilling, and by tension chains of massive blocks, fastened with iron and with iron chains above, girding the dome at three levels. A large lantern finally stops the 50 ft (15.25 m) diameter eye at the point of the dome. Construction of the Florence Cathedral dome was begun on 7 August 1420 and was completed to the base of the lantern sixteen years later. It survives as the peak of Brunelleschi's Renaissance achievement.

[br]

Further Reading

Peter Murray, 1963, The Architecture of the Italian Renaissance, Batsford, Ch. 2. Howard Saalman, 1980, Filippo Brunelleschi: The Cupola of Santa Maria del Fiore, Zwemmer.

Piero Sanpaolesi, 1977, La Cupola di Santa Maria del Fiore: Il Progetto: La Costruzione, Florence: Edam.

Eugenio Battisti, 1981, Brunelleschi: The Complete Work, Thames and Hudson.

DY

Biographical history of technology > Brunelleschi, Filippo
100 Nervi, Pier Luigi

SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building, Civil engineering

[br]

b. 21 June 1891 Sondrio, Italy

d. 9 January 1979 (?), Italy

[br]

Italian engineer who played a vital role in the use and adaptation of reinforced concrete as a structural material from the 1930s to the 1970s.

[br]

Nervi early established a reputation in the use of reinforced concrete with his stadium in Florence (1930–2). This elegant concrete structure combines graceful curves with functional solidity and is capable of seating some 35,000 spectators. The stadium was followed by the aircraft hangars built for the Italian Air Force at Orvieto and Ortebello, in which he spanned the vast roofs of the hangars with thin-shelled vaults supported by precast concrete beams and steel-reinforced ribs. The structural strength and subtle curves of these ribbed roofs set the pattern for Nervi's techniques, which he subsequently varied and elaborated on to solve problems that arose in further commissions.

Immediately after the Second World War Italy was short of supplies of steel for structural purposes so, in contrast to the USA, Britain and Germany, did not for some years construct any quantity of steel-framed rectangular buildinngs used for offices, housing or industrial use. It was Nervi who led the way to a ferroconcrete approach, using a new type of structure based on these materials in the form of a fine steel mesh sprayed with cement mortar and used to roof all kinds of structures. It was a method that resulted in expressionist curves instead of rectangular blocks, and the first of his great exhibition halls at Turin (1949), with a vault span of 240 ft (73 m), was an early example of this technique. Nervi continued to create original and beautiful ferroconcrete structures of infinite variety: for example, the hall at the Lido di Roma, Ostia; the terme at Chianciano; and the three buildings that he designed for the Rome Olympics in 1960. The Palazzetto dello Sport is probably the most famous of these, for which he co-operated with the architect Annibale Vitellozzi to construct a small sports palace seating 5,000 spectators under a concrete "big top" of 194 ft (59 m) diameter, its enclosing walls supported by thirtysix guy ropes of concrete; inside, the elegant roof displays a floral quality. In 1960 Nervi returned to Turin to build his imaginative Palace of Labour for the centenary celebrations of Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel in the city. This vast hall, like the Crystal Palace in England a century earlier (see Paxton), had to be built quickly and be suitable for later adaptation. It was therefore constructed partly in steel, and the metal supporting columns rose to palm-leaf capitals reminiscent of those in ancient Nile palaces.

Nervi's aim was always to create functional buildings that simultaneously act by their aesthetic qualities as an effective educational influence. Functionalism for Nervi never became "brutalism". In consequence, his work is admired by the lay public as well as by architects. He collaborated with many of the outstanding architects of the day: with Gio Ponti on the Pirelli Building in Milan (1955–9); with Zehrfuss and Breuer on the Y-plan UNESCO Building in Paris (1953–7); and with Marcello Piacentini on the 16,000-seat Palazzo dello Sport in Rome. Nervi found time to write a number of books on building construction and design, lectured in the Universities of Rio de Janiero and Buenos Aires, and was for many years Professor of Technology and Technique of Construction in the Faculty of Architecture at the University of Rome. He continued to design new structures until well into the 1970s.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

RIBA Royal Gold Medal 1960. Royal Institute of Structural Engineers Gold Medal 1968. Honorary Degree Edinburgh University, Warsaw University, Munich University, London University, Harvard University. Member International Institute of Arts and Letters, Zurich; American Academy of Arts and Sciences; Royal Academy of Fine Arts, Stockholm.

Bibliography

1956, Structures, New York: Dodge.

1945, Scienza o Arte del Costruire?, Rome: Bussola.

Further Reading

P.Desideri et al., 1979, Pier Luigi Nervi, Bologna: Zanichelli.

A.L.Huxtable, 1960, Masters of World Architecture; Pier Luigi Nervi, New York: Braziller.

DY

Biographical history of technology > Nervi, Pier Luigi

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на все языки

example+pattern

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на все языки

example+pattern

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка: