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101 ἄμαθος
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `sand' (Il.).Derivatives: Geogr. name Ήμαθίη (Ιλ.). Place-name Άμαθοῦς on Cyprus from *-οϜεντ-; cf. ἠμαθόεις (Od.).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Eur.Etymology: It is mostly assumed that ψάμαθος was created on ἄμαθος after ψάμμος and that ἄμμος is secondarily created on ψάμμος. Beekes 2000 [125 Jahre IDG Graz], 26 finds these assumptions far from easy. It also depends on the etymology of ψάμμος. - ἄμαθος is connected with MHG. sampt and a PIE. * samǝdho- reconstructed. DELG warns that the connection does not guarantee IE origin. For origin in a European substratum Kuiper, NOWELE 25 (1995) 67, because of the vocalism (a \< h₂(e)?) and the consonantism. On possible Albanian connections Cabej Studi Pisani 1, 174f.Page in Frisk: 1,84Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄμαθος
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102 ἀμαρεῖν
Grammatical information: v.Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] Gr.Etymology: The last explanation of the gloss can hardly be reconciled with the first; they should be separated. One compares Άμαριος, epithet of Zeus and Athena in Achaia (Aymard, Mél. Navarre 455-470); the word might mean `who brings together', cf. Όμᾱγυριος. Further one compares ἁμαρτῆ, ὁμαρτέω and ὅμηρος, s. s.vv.Page in Frisk: 1,86-87Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμαρεῖν
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103 ἁμαρτάνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `miss the mark, fail' (Il.).Other forms: Aor. ἁμαρτεῖνDialectal forms: Aeol. ἤμβροτον (Hom.)Compounds: νημερτής, νᾱμ- (Hom.) `unfehlbar, untrüglich', Dor. νᾱμέρτεια (S.). Younger ἀναμάρτητος `without fault'.Derivatives: ἁμαρτία `fault' (A.); ἁμαρτωλή (Thgn.), whence ἁμαρτωλός `erroneous, erring' (Arist.,).Etymology: νημερτής supposes *n̥-h₂mert-; this form seems old because of the full grade (cf. ἀναμὰρτητος). - αρ- for - ρα- after the full grade? Aeol. ἀμ(β)ροτ-. The aspiration must be analogical; explanation from * h₂merst- is phonetically doubtful; also a root * h₂merst-, with its three final consonants, is prob. impossible in PIE. - No etym. Connection with * mers- `forget' is impossible because Arm. mor̄anam does not have an initial vowel. The root perfectly suits the IE root structure. Cf. Ruijgh, Lingua 25, 1970, 308f.Page in Frisk: 1,87Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἁμαρτάνω
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104 ἁμαρτή
Grammatical information: adv.Meaning: `at the same time, together' (Il.).Other forms: -ή Aristarchos, otherwise -ῆ, -ῃ̃, prob. wrongly.Derivatives: ἁμαρτήδην (Schol. Φ 162, H.), prob. the `same' form as in Ν 584 ὁμαρτήδην (Wackernagel Hom. Unt. 70).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [ ] Gr.Etymology: Old instrumental (in - eh₁ \> -ή, which form also explains the accent) of a verbal adjective *ἅμαρτος `joined together, coming together' ( ἅμα and ἀραρίσκω). From here prob. also ἁμαρτέω `meeting together', which is mostly written ὁμαρτέω (Il.), q.v. Bechtel Lex. s. v.See also: ὅμηροςPage in Frisk: 1,87Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἁμαρτή
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105 ἀματα
Grammatical information: n.pl.?Meaning: disputed; hapax in SIG 421 Α 5 and 26 (IIIa)Origin: IE [Indo-European] [35] *h₂eh₂m-ōr `day'Etymology: Schwyzer RhM 72, 434ff. took it as = ἀδόλως and analyzed it as ἄ-ματα (cf. αὐτόματος), with Baunack Philol. 65, 317f. S. also Kretschmer Glotta 12, 188. Leumann Hom. Wörter 276 returns to the view that it is simply = ἤματα `days', no doubt correctly.Page in Frisk: 1,87-88Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀματα
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106 ἀμάω 1
ἀμάω 1.Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `reap corn, cut, (mow down)' (Il.)Other forms: Homer often has long α-, no doubt m.c. (Chantr. Gr. hom. 111)Etymology: The etym. depends on the original meaning, which in this case is not quite clear: `mow', `cut', or even `scrape' ( δι-, s. DELG s.v.) - If connected with OHG māen, OE māwan `mow' we have a root * h₂meh₁-; ἄμητος could then be identical with MHG māt, OE mæd `reaping'. ἀμάω through assimilation of h₂...h₁ or a...e or late rebuilding of *amēie- (Peters 91 n. 41), or from ἀμ- \< * h₂mh₁- before vowel + - αω. Lat. meto could be connected as * h₂m-et-. Much more doubtful is Hitt. ḫamešḫ(a)- `summer, harvest-time'. See Bechtel Lex. - Not here ἄμη `shovel' acc. to Schulze Q. 365 A. 3; Solmsen Wortforschung 195 connects it with OCS jama `pit, quarry'; Morgenstierne Acta orientalia 7, 200 connects Pashto yūm `spade'; cf. Pok. 502 (but it is doubtful whether a PIE root * ieh₂m- is permissible). - The verb δι-αμάω is separated from ἀμάω `mow' by Irigoin, LfgrE. On ἄμαλλα `sheaf' and ἀμάρα `canal' s.v.Page in Frisk: 1,88Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμάω 1
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107 ἀμβλίσκω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `cause to miscarry' (S.)Other forms: ( ἐξ-)αμβλόομαι, - όω (Ion.- Att.), - ώω (Max.), - ώσκειν τὸ ἀτελες γεννῆσαι, τὸ φθεῖραι βρέφος (Suid.), - ώσσειν ὠμοτοκεῖν H. Aor. ( ἐξ-)αμβλῶσαιEtymology: The connection with μύλη as `miscarriage' (Hp., recte `hard formation in a woman's womb') should be given up; Chantraine thinks it may be the word `mill', and Frisk, who gives the suggestion under ἀμβλὶσκω, does not mention it s.v. μύλη. Rix ( MSS 27 (1970) 105 n. 41) considers * h₂mlh₃- and connection with ἀμβλύς (but see s.v.).Page in Frisk: 1,89Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμβλίσκω
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108 ἀμέθυστος
ἀμέθυστος, - ονGrammatical information: adj., subst.Meaning: `not drunken, not intoxicating; remedy against drunkenness' (Plu.), also name of a plant (because it helps against drunkenness, s. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 91); `amethyst' LXX.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [707] * medʰu `sweet; honey, wine'Etymology: Compound of privative ἀ- and μεθυ. `Amethyst' after the colour of red wine which is so much diluted with water that it can no longer intoxicate (Clausing Glotta 20 (1933) 292).Page in Frisk: 1,90Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμέθυστος
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109 ἀμείβω
ἀμείβω, - ομαιGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `change, exchange', mid. also `answer, repay, requite.' (Il.).Other forms: ἀμεὶβοντες `rafters that meet and cross each other' (Il. Ψ 712).Derivatives: ἀμοιβή `change, exchange, requital, recompense, answer'. - Adj. ἀμοιβός `one who exchanges, in requital' (Il.)Origin: IE [Indo-European] [713] * h₂meigʷ- `change'Etymology: No exact correspondence. One compares Lat. migrare `wander' as from * migros `changing (place)'. The - β- will go back to *gʷ as *b is rare in PIE, which gives * h₂meigʷ- The root * h₂mei - `change' is well known, Skt. máyate, Lat. (com)mū- nis, but the enlargement -gʷ- is rare.Page in Frisk: 1,90Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμείβω
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110 ἀμέλγω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `milk' (Il.).Compounds: ἱππ-ημολγοί "Stutenmelker", name of Scythian and other nomads (Ν 5, Hes.). - plant name ἀμελξίνη (Ps.-Dsc.) s. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 160 (who compares ἀμερσίνη and ἑλξίνη).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [722] *h₂melǵ- `milk'Etymology: Old verb, found also in OHG melchan, OE melcan, Alb. mjel, Toch. A mālkant (ptc.), Lith. mélžu (the acute due to the following *g,́ Winter's Law, not to long ē), zero grade OCS mlъzǫ, MIr. bligim; Lat. mulgeo can be zero grade or o-vocalism. - Not here Skt. mā́rj-mi, mr̥j-ánti ` wipe off' (see ὀμόργνυμι).Page in Frisk: 1,91Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμέλγω
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111 ἀμενηνός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `without power' (Il).Derivatives: ἀμενήνωσεν Ν 562.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [726] * menos Gr.Page in Frisk: 1,91Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμενηνός
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112 ἀμέρδω
Grammatical information: v.Etymology: If the form without the initial vowel is secondary, the root may have been * h₂merd-, which will be that found in Skt. mr̥dnāti, mardati `zerreiben, zerdrücken' (cf. μαραίνω), OAv. mōrǝndat, Lat. mordeo, OE smeortan `cause pain' (with s- of Germanic origin). - Perhaps here ἀμείρω.Page in Frisk: --Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμέρδω
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113 ἀμεύσασθαι
Grammatical information: v.Etymology: The basic meaning is uncertain; see DELG. One compares ἀμύνω (improbable), further Lat. moveo, Lith. máuju máuti `tear off', Skt. mī́vati `move, push' (from * miH-(e)u-, the Greek form continuing * mieu-); all rather uncertain. If IE, the root may be * h₂meu-.Page in Frisk: 1,92Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμεύσασθαι
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114 ἀμνός
Grammatical information: m. f.Meaning: `lamb' (S.).Other forms: ἀμνόα πρόβατον, οἱ δε ἀμνός H., unreliable.Compounds: ἀμνοκῶν `stupid like a sheep' ( κοέω) Taillardat, Images 453. ? ἀμνοκόμος (Latte for - κόπος). ποιμήν H.Derivatives: Special feminine forms: ἀμνή, -ά (Cos etc..), ἀμνίς (Theoc.). Adj.: ἀμνεῖος (Theoc.); from there ἀμνεῖον, ἀμνίον, also - ός, `inner membrane surrounding the foetus' (Emp.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [9] *h₂e\/ogʷno- `lamb'Etymology: Identical with Lat. agnus ( avillus). OIr. ūan with initial o- (* h₂o-), OCS agnę (with long vowel and acute from Winter's Law). However OE ēanian, Engl. yean, Dutch oonen from PGm. * aunōn seems to suppose - gʷʰ- (but there must be another solution). *o- from ovis? Schrijver Lar. Lat. 39, 438.Page in Frisk: 1,93-94Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμνός
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115 ἁμο-
ἁμο- in οὑδαμός etc.Grammatical information: indef. pronominal stemMeaning: `some, someone, somebody'Etymology: Identical with Skt. sama-, Goth. sums `id'. The Greek and Germ. forms require *sm̥H-o-, to which the Skt. form can also go back; the same form is at the basis of OIr. samail, Lat. similis `like'. The relation with * sem- `one' ( εἷς) is unclear.Page in Frisk: 1,95Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἁμο-
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116 ἄμοτον
Grammatical information: adv.Other forms: From there the adj. ἄμοτος (Theoc.).Etymology: Uncertain, as the exact meaning is unknown. Seiler, KZ 75, 1957, 1943f, assumes zero grade of μεν- + the zero grade of ἐν, as in ἐμμεμαώς; but zero grade of ἐν has never been shown with certainty. Forssman, O-o-pe-ro-si FS Risch, 1986, 329-339 explains *n̥-mn̥-tom memn̥wōs as `Unerstrebtes\/-bares erstrebend', with Greek and Skr. parallels. Tempting, but for the oldest formula, with Eris (twice, verse end), the proposed meaning does not fit: it is slearly `incessantly, indefatigable; and this meaning is possible with * mh₃-, from μῶλος, μόλις, OHG muojan, muodi `tired', Goth. af-mauiÞs `id.' (\< *mō-etos), Russ. maju.Page in Frisk: 1,95Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄμοτον
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117 ἀμύμων
ἀμύμων (ῡ)Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `blameless; noble. excellent' (Il.); never of gods.Dialectal forms: μῡμ- is prob. Aeol.Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably]Etymology: To μῦμαρ αἶσχος, φόβος, ψόγος H., and μυμαρίζει γελοιάζει; probably Aeolic for μῶμαρ, μῶμος `blame' (s. v.). - ἀμύμων: μῦμαρ like ἀπείρων: πεῖραρ. Cognate with μῶμος (s.v.). - Heubeck Glotta 65 (1987) 37-44 derives the word from ἀμυ- \< * h₂mu- in ἀμεύσασθαι `surpass', i.e. `who surpasses others' (with metr. lengthened υ).Page in Frisk: 1,97Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμύμων
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118 ἀμφί
Grammatical information: adv., prep.Meaning: `around, on both sides' (Il.).Other forms: adv. (prep.) ἀμφίςDialectal forms: Myc. api e.g. in apiqoroi dat. pl. \/ amphikʷolos\/ `servant'. In PN e.g. apia₂ro \/ Amphihalos\/.Etymology: Old adverb (PIE * h₂mbʰi), cf. Lat. amb(i)-, am-, an-, Alb. mbi `at', W. ambi-, OIr. imb- `around'; OHG umbi, Skt. abhí, Av. aibi, aiwi `on both sides'. - Through dissimilation ἀμπ- in ἀμπ-έχω etc. - On Toch. B antapi cf. ἄμφω.Page in Frisk: 1,98Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμφί
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119 ἀμφίπολος
Grammatical information: f. m.Meaning: `servant, hand-maid' (Il.), also `priest(ess)' (Pi.).Dialectal forms: Myc. apiqoro \/ amphipolos\/.Etymology: From * h₂mbi-kʷolo-, identical with Lat. anculus `servant'. Same formation in Skt. abhi-cara- (lex.); cf. Ved. pari-cará- `servant'. S. πέλομαι and βουκόλος. On the meaning Pax WuS 18, 1ff.Page in Frisk: 1,99Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμφίπολος
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120 ἄμφω
Grammatical information: pron.Meaning: `both' (Il.)Other forms: later replaced by ἀμφότεροςOrigin: IE [Indo-European] [34]Etymology: Identical witf Lat. ambō; same anlaut in Toch. A āmpi (B antapi, ānpi). Other languages have forms without nasal: Skt. ubháu, Av. uva; OCS oba, Lith. abù. Germanic has no initial vowel, Goth. bai. There is no overall explanation for the forms. - Connection with ἀμφί seems clear; Toch. antapi `both' \< * h₂ent-bho- (?) seems to give new evidence. - On ἀμφίας s.v.Page in Frisk: 1,100Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄμφω
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