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41 ναῦς
ναῦς, ἡ, (v. infr.)A ship, Hom., etc. (but rare in non-literary Hellenistic Greek, once in NT, Act.Ap.27.41, πλοῖον being generally used); ἐν νήεσσι or ἐν νηυσίν at the ships, i.e. in the camp formed by the ships drawn up on shore, Il.2.688, 11.659; νῆες μακραί ships of war, built long and taper for speed, Th.1.41, etc.; opp. νῆες στρογγύλαι round-built merchant-ships, Hdt.1.163, etc.; νέες alone, = τριήρεις, opp. πεντηκόντεροι, Id.8.1; νῆες κεναί, i.e. without fighting men in them, D.3.5; ναῦς μακρά collective for μακραί, A.Pers. 380.— [dialect] Att. decl. ναῦς, νεώς, νηΐ, ναῦν, dual gen. νεοῖν, pl. νῆες, νεῶν (νηῶν is v.l. in Lys.13.15), ναυσί, ναῦς; in later writers, nom. pl. ναῦς, acc. pl. νῆας, D.S.13.13, Plb.5.2.4, etc., cf. Phryn.147:— [dialect] Ep. [full] νηῦς, νηός, νηΐ, νῆα, pl. νῆες, νηῶν, νηυσί or νήεσσι, νῆας (but also gen. and acc. sg. νεός, νέα [the latter as monosyll. in Od.9.283], pl. νέες, νεῶν, νέεσσι, νέας); [dialect] Ep. gen. and dat. pl. ναῦφι, -φιν, Il.2.794, 16.281, Od.14.498; in late [dialect] Ep., nom. νῆυς dub. l. in Mosch.2.104, cf. EM440.17; acc. sg. and pl. νηῦν, νηῦς, A.R.1.1358, Herod.2.3, Dem. Bith.4.6: Hdn.Gr.1.401, 2.675, 553 also gives νεῦς, νεΐ (v.l. in Hdt. 7.184), and νευσί (Hp.Ep.27, Sammelb. 5829):—[dialect] Ion. [full] νηῦς, νεός, νηΐ, νέα, pl. νέες, νεῶν, νηυσί ( νηυσίν Epigr. in IG12(8).683 (Thasos, vi/v B. C.)), νέας (butνηός Archil.
(?) in PLit.Lond.54; νηός is freq. in codd. of Hdt.,νηῶν 7.160
):—[dialect] Dor. [full] ναῦς ( νᾶς Hdn.Gr.1.400),νᾱός Pi. P.4.185
, al.,νᾱΐ Id.O.13.54
, al. (νᾷ perh. to be read in Alcm.23 iii 27),ναῦν Pi.P.4.245
, Fr. 234 ( νᾶν Hdn.Gr.1.328,νᾶα B.16.89
); pl.νᾶες Pi.O.12.4
,al.,ναῶν Id.P.1.74
, ναυσί, ναυσίν, Id.N.7.29, P.3.68 ( νάεσσι ib.4.56), νᾶας f.l. in Theoc.22.17:—[dialect] Aeol. sg. gen. νᾶος, dat. νᾶϊ, pl. dat. νάεσσι, Alc.19,18,79, gen.νᾱων Id.Supp.12.9
, Sapph. Supp.5.2:—Trag. commonly use [dialect] Dor. forms in lyr., [dialect] Att. in dialogue (but sts. ναός, ναῶν, A.Th.62, Pers. 340, etc.); the [dialect] Ep. forms , , (lyr.), (cod. M) are prob. corrupt. (Cf. Skt. naús, Lat. nāvis, etc.) -
42 Παλλάς
III Pythag. name for five, Theol.Ar. 32. (Commonly deriv. from πάλλω, either as Brandisher of the spear, or παρὰ τὸ ἀναπεπάλθαι ἐκ τῆς κεφαλῆς τοῦ Διός, etc., Pl.Cra. 407a, EM 649.52, cf. Eust.84.43, but prob. orig. virgin, maiden, cf. sq. and v. παλλακή fin., πάλλαξ.) -
43 πήληξ
A helmet,ἀμφὶ δέ οἱ κροτάφοισι φαεινὴ σείετο πήληξ Il. 13.805
; ; ἱππόκομος π. 16.797; old [dialect] Ep. word, used by Ar.Ra. 1017, Arist.Top. 173b20. -
44 προσδοκία
προσδοκ-ία, ἡ,A looking for, expectation, whether in hope or fear, but more commonly fear,1 c. gen., μέλλοντος κακοῦ, δεινῶν, Pl.La. 198b, Ti. 70c;π. τοῦ μέλλοντος Arist.PA 669a21
;τὸν φόβον ὁρίζονται π. κακοῦ Id.EN 1115a9
: in good sense,π. ἀγαθῶν ἐμβάλλειν X.Cyr.1.6.19
(pl.); τῆς ἀσφαλείας ἔχειν π. D.18.281;π. μεγάλην ἔχειν ὡς εὖ ἐροῦντος ἐμοῦ Pl.Smp. 194a
; τὰς τῶν ἔργων προσδοκίας ἀπαιτεῖν τινα, i.e. the fulfilment of the expectations raised, Aeschin.2.178.2 abs.,τῶν ὑποκειμένων π. καὶ τῶν ἐλπίδων D.19.24
; αἱ ἔσχαται π. D.S.20.78.3 folld. by a conjunction, προσδοκία οὐδεμία (sc. ἦν)μὴ ἐπιπλεύσειαν Th.2.93
;π. οὔσης μή τι νεωτερίσωσιν Id.5.14
;προσδοκίαν παρέχειν ὡς.. Id.7.12
;π. ἐμποιεῖν ὡς.. Isoc.8.6
.4 with Preps., πρὸς προσδοκίαν according to expectation, Th.6.63; κατὰ τὴν π. Pl.Sph. 264b; opp. παρὰ προσδοκίαν, which is used of a kind of joke freq. in Com., e.g. ἔχειν ὑπὸ ποσσὶ—χίμεθλα (where πέδιλα was expected), Demetr.Eloc. 152, Hermog.Meth.34, Tib. Fig.16: generally,τὸ παρὰ π. ἐξαπίναιον Phld.Herc.1251.19
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προσδοκία
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45 πᾶς
Aπαῖσα Sapph.Supp.13.8
,21.2, 20a.14, Alc.Supp.12.6, 25.8 ; Cret., Thess., Arc. fem. [full] πάνσα GDI 4976 ([place name] Gortyn), IG9(2).234.2 (Pharsalus, iii B.C.), 5(2).343.16 (Orchom. Arc., iv B. C.): gen. παντός, πάσης, παντός : gen. pl. masc. and neut. πάντων, fem. πᾱσῶν, [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. πᾱσέων, [dialect] Ep. also πᾱσάων [σᾱ] Od.6.107 : dat. pl. masc. and neut. πᾶσι, [dialect] Ep. and Delph.πάντεσσι Il.14.246
, IG22.1126.22,44; also [dialect] Locr.πάντεσιν Berl.Sitzb.1927.8
(V B.C.); Delph. (iii B.C.); (Delph., ii B.C.), Tab.Defix.Aud. 75.8: πᾶν as acc. masc. in LXX, π. ἄνδρα, οἰκέτην, οἶκον, 1 Ki.11.8, Ex. 12.44, Je.13.11. [[dialect] Dor. and [dialect] Aeol. πάν [ᾰ] Hdn.Gr.2.12, Pi.O.2.85, Sapph. Oxy. 1787 Fr.3 ii 5,al., and [dialect] Att. in compds., as ἅπᾰν, πάμπᾰν, etc. (but in compds. sts. long in [dialect] Att., AB416).]—Coll. Pron., when used of a number, all; when of one only, the whole; of the several persons in a number, every.I in pl., all, , etc. ; πάντες ὅσοι .. Od.1.11, etc. ; πάντας ᾧ ἂνπεριτυγχάνῃ, for ὅσοις ἄν, Pl.R. 566d : also with the Art., v.infr. B.2 strengthd. by Advbs., ἅμα πάντες all together, Il.24.253, etc. ;πάντες ἅμα 1.495
(in Prose commonly ἅπαντες, but not always, v. Hdt.9.23, X.Cyr.1.3.10, etc.): with a collect. noun,ἅμα πᾶς ὁ δῆμος D.H.2.14
;πάντες ὁμῶς Il.15.98
;ὁμοῦ πάντες S.El. 715
;πάντα μάλα Il.22.115
, Od.5.216, etc. ;πάντες ὁμοίως D.20.85
, etc.3 with [comp] Sup., πάντες ἄριστοι all the noblest, Il.9.3, Od.4.272, etc.4 consisting or composed wholly of, i.e. nothing but, only, ;ἐκ πασῶν δυνάμεων συνεστώς Corp.Herm. 13.2
; cf.11.2.II sg., all, the whole,πᾶς δ' ἄρα χαλκῷ λάμπε Il.11.65
, cf. 13.191 ; πᾶσα ὕλη all the wood, Hes.Op. 511, cf. Th. 695, etc. ; πᾶσα ἀληθείη all the truth, Il.24.407, Od.11.507; τὴν φάτνην ἐοῦσαν χαλκέην πᾶσαν all of bronze, Hdt.9.70 ; ἦν ἡ μάχη καρτερὰ καὶ ἐν χερσὶ πᾶσα, ἦν γὰρ τὸ χωρίον πρόσαντες πᾶν, Th.4.43, etc. ; πᾶν κράτος the whole power, sovereign power, S.Ph. 142 (lyr.);τὸ πᾶν κράτος Hdt.6.35
;μετὰ πάσης ἀδείας D.18.305
;πᾶσα ἀνάγκη Pl.Phdr. 240a
; πᾶσαι δ' ὠΐγνυντο πύλαι, πᾶσαι γὰρ ἐπῴχατο [πύλαι], the whole gate was open (shut), i.e. the gate was wide open, quite shut, Il.2.809, 12.340, as expld. by Aristarch. ; v. infr. B.2 as in 1.4, with attraction, ὁ πάντ' ἄναλκις οὗτος, ἡ πᾶσα βλάβη who is nought but mischief, S.El. 301, cf. Ph. 622, 927.III every,οἱ δ' ἄλκιμον ἦτορ ἔχοντες.. πᾶς πέτεται Il.16.265
, cf. Od.13.313, S.El. 972, E.Ba. 1131, 1135 ; ἄκουε πᾶς, = ἀκούετε πάντες, Ar.Th. 372; : with partit. gen., παντὶ βροτῶν (v.l. βροτῷ) Pi.O.1.100; ;τῶν ἀνθρώπων πᾶς D.Chr.3.70
; also , Ar.Ra. 1125, etc. ;πᾶσα ἀνθρώπου ψυχή Pl.Phdr. 249e
: with the Art., v. infr. B; πᾶς τις every single one, Thgn.621, Hdt.1.50, 3.79, S.Aj.28, etc. ;πᾶς τις βροτῶν Id.El. 984
, cf.OC25, etc. ; πᾶς ὅστις .. Id.Aj. 1413 ; πᾶν ὅσον .. A.Pr. 787, etc.2 less freq., any one,τὸ μὲν ἐπιτιμᾶν.. φήσαιτις ἂν.. παντὸς εἶναι D.1.16
; ;χαλεπόν τι καὶ οὐχὶ παντός Id.Alc.1.129a
; παντὸς ἀκούοντος .. when any one hears.., Ev.Matt.13.19 ; ἀμήχανον δὲ παντὸς ἀνδρὸς ἐκμαθεῖν ψυχήν any man's soul, S.Ant. 175 ; πάντων ἀποστερεῖσθαι λυπηρόν to be deprived of anything, D.18.5 ; cf. D. 111.2, VI.B with the Art., in the sense of all, the whole, when the Subst. is to be strongly specified, πᾶς being put either before the Art. or after the Subst., πᾶσαν τὴν δύναμιν all his force, Hdt.1.214 ;τὰ ἀγαθὰ πάντα X.An.3.1.20
(s. v. l.): with abstract Nouns and others which require the Art.,πάντα τὰ μέλλοντα A.Pr. 101
;πᾶσαν τὴν ἀλήθειαν Th.6.87
; τὰ τῆς πόλεως π. all the affairs of state, Lys. 19.48, etc.: emphatically,τὰς νέας τὰς πάσας Hdt.7.59
.II πᾶς is put between the Art. and Subst., to denote totality (V. A. 11),ὁ πᾶς ἀριθμός A.Pers. 339
;τὴν πᾶσαν ἵππον Hdt.1.80
;τὸ πᾶν πλῆθος Th.8.93
; οἱ πάντες ἄνθρωποι absolutely all.., X.An.5.6.7, etc. ; so πᾶν the neut.with the Art. itself becomes a Subst., τὸ πᾶν the whole, A.Pr. 275, 456, etc., v. infr. D. IV; τὰ πάντα the whole, Id.Eu.415 ; τοῖς πᾶσιν in all points, Th.2.64, 5.28 ; οἱ πάντες all of them, Hdt.1.80 ; but also, the community, opp. οἱ ὀλίγοι, Th.4.86 ; ἡ μὲν [τάξις] πάντα ἕν, ἡ δὲ πάντα ὅλον, ἡ δὲ πάντα πᾶν all things as a unity, as a totality, as an integral sum, Dam.Pr. 206.C with Numerals to mark an exact number, ἐννέα πάντες full nine, Od.8.258, cf. 24.60 ;ἐννέα πάντ' ἔτεα Hes. Th. 803
;δέκα πάντα τάλαντα Il.19.247
, etc. ; but , 000 of all kinds, Hdt.1.50 ; τὸν ἀρχιτέκτονα.. ἐδωρήσατο πᾶσι δέκα with ten presents of all kinds, Id.4.88 ;Παυσανίῃ πάντα δέκα ἐξαιρέθη Id.9.81
;τὰ πάντα μυρία Id.3.74
;πάντα θύειν ἑκατόν Pi.Fr. 170
;πάντα χίλια ἔθυεν Porph.Abst.2.60
.II with the Art., in all,οἱ πάντες.. εἷς καὶ ἐνενήκοντα Hdt.9.70
, cf. 1.214, Th.1.60, 3.85, etc. ;τριήρεις.. τὰς πάσας ἐς διακοσίας Id.1.100
, cf. 7.1 ;ἐν εἴκοσι ταῖς πάσαις ἡμέραις Arr.An.1.11.5
.D Special Usages: in dat. pl. masc. πᾶσι, with or in the judgement of all, Il.2.285, S.OC 1446 ;ὁ πᾶσι κλεινός Id.OT8
; κράτιστον πᾶσιν Οἰδίπου κάρα ib.40.2 fem. pl., ἔδοξε πάσαις (sc. ταῖς ψήφοις ) carried unanimously, IG12(3).168.14 (Astypalaea, ii/i B. C.), cf. Luc. Bis Acc. 18,22.II neut. pl. πάντα all kinds of things, Hom., freq. in phrase δαίδαλα πάντα, Il.5.60,al. ;οἰωνοῖσι πᾶσι 1.5
.2 πάντα γιγνόμενος becoming all things, i. e. assuming every shape, Od.4.417.3 πάντα εἶναί τινι to be everything to one,ἦν οἱ.. τὰ πάντα ἡ Κυνώ Hdt.1.122
; ἦσάν οἱ πάντα —ἅπαντα codd.)αἱ Συρήκουσαι Id.7.156
;Εὔβοια αὐτοῖς πάντα ἦν Th.8.95
;πάντ' ἐκεῖνος ἦν αὐτοῖς D.18.43
; π. ἦν Ἀλέξανδρος (sc. ὑμῖν) Id.23.120 ; π. εἶναι ἔν τισι to be all in all among them, Hdt.3.157.4 πάντα as Adv. for πάντως, in all points, entirely, wholly,π. νοήμονες Od.13.209
;π. γὰρ οὐ κακός εἰμι 8.214
;ὁ πάντ' ἄναλκις S.El. 301
;τῷ πάντ' ἀγαθῷ Id.Aj. 1415
(anap.);τὸν πάντ' ἄριστον Id.OC 1458
;πάντ' ἐπιστήμης πλέων Id.Ant. 721
(hence παντάγαθος, παντάριστος, etc. as compd. words); τὰ πολλὰ π. almost throughout, Hdt.5.67, cf. 1.203, 2.35 ; but τὰ π. in every way, by all means, altogether, Id.5.97 ;οἰόμενοι τὰ π. νικᾶν X. An.2.1.1
;ὁ τὰ π. φιλαίτατος Theoc.7.98
; also ἐς τὰ π. Th.4.81 ; κατὰ π. ibid., Pl.Ti. 30d.III neut. sg., τὸ πᾶν the whole (V. B. 11),περὶ τοῦ π. δρόμον θέειν Hdt.8.74
;πολλοῦ γε καὶ τοῦ π. ἐλλείπω A. Pr. 961
;τοῦ π. ἡμαρτηκέναι Pl.Phdr. 235e
; ἄξιοι τοῦ π. Id.Sph. 216c ; τὸ πᾶν as Adv., completely, altogether, A.Supp. 781 (lyr.), S.El. 1009, Pl.Lg. 959a, etc. (but, for all that, nevertheless, A.D.Synt.188.27): with neg., at all, , etc. ; also πᾶν alone, Hdt.1.32, etc.b in Philos., τὸ πᾶν the universe, Emp.13, Pythag. ap. Arist.Cael. 268a11, Pl.Ti. 28c, 30b, etc.; including τὸ κενόν (opp. τὸ ὅλον), Placit.2.1.7 ; also, Pythag. name for ten, Iamb. in Nic.p.118P., Theol.Ar.59.c τῷ παντί in every point, altogether, X.HG7.5.12, etc.d τὸ π., = μολυβδόχαλκος, Ps.- Democr. Alch.p.56 B., Maria ap.Zos.Alch.p.192 B.2 πᾶν anything,πᾶν μᾶλλον ἢ στρατιήν οἱ ἐδίδου Hdt.4.162
; εἴη δ' ἂν πᾶν anything is possible, ib. 195 ; πᾶν ποιῶν by any means whatever, Pl.Ap. 39a (also πᾶν ποιεῖν καὶ λέγειν ibid. ; πᾶν ποιεῖν ὥστε .. Id.Phd. 114c), cf. Pi.I. 4(3).48 ;πᾶν ἂν ἔπραξαν Lys.9.16
: more freq. in pl.,πάντα ποιῶν Id.12.84
, D.21.2 ; π. ποιεῖν ὅπως .. X.HG7.4.21 ;πάντα τολμῶν S.OC 761
; cf. A. 111.2.3 ἐπὶ πᾶν on the whole, in general, Pl.Lg. 875d ;ὡς ἐπὶ πᾶν εἰπεῖν Id.Euthd. 279e
, etc.; .4 παντὸς μᾶλλον more than anything, i. e. above all, Pl.Cri. 49b, Prt. 344b, Grg. 527b ;π. μᾶλλον οὐ Id.Phdr. 228d
: in answers, π. γε μᾶλλον quite so, Id.Phd. 67b.IV with Preps., ; ἐς τὸ πᾶν altogether, A.Ag. 682 (lyr.), Eu.52,83 ; ἐν παντὶ ἀθυμίας εἶναι to be in utter despair, Th.7.55 : more freq. ἐν παντὶ εἶναι, ἐν παντὶ κακοῦ εἶναι, to be in great danger or fear, Pl.Smp. 194a, R. 579b ;ἐν π. γενέσθαι Id.Euthd. 301a
;ἐμ παντὶ ἐοῦσα IG42(1).122.27
(Epid., iv B. C.); ἐν παντὶ εἶναι μή .. to be in great fear lest.., X.HG5.4.29 ;ἐς πᾶν κακοῦ ἀπίκατο Hdt.7.118
;ἐς πᾶν ἀφικέσθαι X.HG6.1.12
;εἰς πᾶν ἐλθεῖν D.54.13
; ἐπὶ πᾶσιν in all things,καιρὸς δ' ἐπὶ π. ἄριστος Hes.Op. 694
; but also, finally, Philostr.VS2.11.1, al. ; περὶ παντὸς ποιεῖσθαι esteem above all,X.HG7.1.26, An.1.9.16 ; πρὸ παντὸς εὔχεσθαι wish above all, Pl.Phdr. 239e ; διὰ παντός (sc. χρόνου) for ever, continually, S.Aj. 705 (lyr.), Th.1.38, etc. ; also, altogether, Pl.R. 407d ;διὰ πάντων Id.Sph. 254b
; ὁ κατὰ πάντων λόγος the common formula, PMag.Par.1.2186 ; ἡ κ. π. τελετή ib.1596, PMag.Lond. 121.872 ; μέχρι παντός for ever, Str.8.6.18 ;εἰς τὸ πᾶν ἀεί A.Ch. 684
;ἐς τὸ πᾶν χρόνου Id.Eu. 670
.VI οὐ πᾶς not any, i.e. none, LXX Ps.142(143).2, Ev.Luc.1.37, Ep.Gal.2.16, al. ; ἄνευ πάσης ταραχῆς without any disturbance, D.S.15.87.------------------------------------πᾶς (B), Cypr.,A = παῖς, Inscr.Cypr. 106, 210 H.------------------------------------πᾶς (C),A = πατήρ (Syracus.), EM651.7. -
46 συμφορά
A bringing together, collecting,βελῶν Polem.Cyn.24
; conjunction,νούσων μυρίων τε καὶ κακῶν Aret. SD2.11
; comparison,τὰς ξ. τῶν βουλευμάτων S.OT44
(but in signf. 11.1, = τὰς συντυχίας καὶ ἀποβάσεις, acc. to Sch.):—pedantically for συμβολή, a contribution, Luc.Lex.6.II commonly (fromσυμφέρω A. 111.4
, and B. 111), event, circumstance, chance, hap,πᾶν ἐστι ἄνθρωπος συμφορή Hdt.1.32
; αἱ σ. τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἄρχουσι, καὶ οὐκὶ ὥνθρωποι τῶν ς. Id.7.49;συμφορὰς βίου A.Eu. 1020
(lyr.), cf. 897, Fr.96A;ἔν τε συμφοραῖς βίου S.OT33
; ξυμφορᾶς ἵν' ἕσταμεν in what a plight I am, Id.Tr. 1145;ὦ ξ. τάλαινα τῶν ἐμῶν κακῶν Ar.Ach. 1204
; ξυμφορᾶς τίνος κυρῆσαι; E. Ion 536 (troch.);πρὸς τὰς ξ. καὶ τὰς γνώμας τρέπεσθαι Th.1.140
; αἱ ξ. τῶν πραγμάτων ibid.2 mishap, misfortune, Hippon.49.4, etc.; early writers freq. add an epith.,σ. ἄχαρις Hdt.1.41
, 7.190;οἰκτρά Pi.O.7.77
; ; : c. gen.,σ. πάθους A.Pers. 436
; κακοῦ ib. 1030 (lyr.): but the word came to be used alone in a bad sense, συμφορᾷ δεδαιγμένοι (or δεδαγμ-) Pi.P.8.87;ὑπὸ τῆς σ. ἐκπεπληγμένος Hdt.3.64
;συμφορῇ τοιῇδε κεχρημένος Id.1.42
, cf. Antipho 3.2.8; αἱ παροῦσαι ς. S. Ph. 885; ἐς ( ἐπὶ codd.) συμφορὴν ἐμπεσεῖν, of a hurt or a disease, Hdt.7.88; of defects of character,τριῶν τῶν μεγίστων ξ., ἀξυνεσίας ἢ μαλακίας ἢ ἀμελείας Th.1.122
; of overpowering passion, X.Cyr.6.1.37: euphem. for ἄγος, S.OT99; for ἀτιμία, And.1.86; for banishment, X.HG1.1.27, Isoc.5.58; offence, trespass, Pl.Lg. 854d, 934b; συμφορήν or μεγάλην σ. ποιεῖσθαί ([etym.] τι ) look upon or consider a thing as a great misfortune, Hdt.1.83, 4.79, 5.35, etc.; folld.by ὅτι, Id.1.216, etc.; σ. νομίζειν, κρίνειν, ἡγεῖσθαι, X.Ages.7.4, 11.9, Pl.Phd. 84e: prov.,πῖνε, πῖν' ἐπὶ συμφοραῖς Simon.
(14) ap.Ar.Eq. 406; of a person, μηδὲ συμφορὰν δέχου τὸν ἄνδρα, i.e. ὡς ὄντα σ., S.Aj.68; τὸν ἄνθρωπον.. κοινὴν τῶν Ἑλλήνων ς. Aeschin.3.253;σ. τῆς πόλεως Din.1.65
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συμφορά
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47 συνήθης
συνήθης, ες, gen. εος, [var] contr. ους, gen. pl. συνηθέων, [var] contr. συνηθῶν (or συνήθων, Hdn.Gr.1.428):—A dwelling or living together, accustomed or used to each other,συνήθεες ἀλλήλῃσιν Hes.Th. 230
; like each other in habits, Th.1.71; συνήθεις καὶ γνώριμοι acquaintances, Pl.R. 375e, cf. Arist.EN 1126b25; φίλοι καὶ ς. Philem.213.13; σ. τινί well-acquainted or intimate with one, Pl.Cri. 43a, La. 188a, Men.Pk. 258: less freq. as Subst., friend, intimate, Phld.Rh.1.332 S., etc.: c. gen., D.S.19.47, Plu.Num.1.II habituated, accustomed, ;σώματα πᾶσι ποτοῖς καὶ πόνοις σ. γιγνόμενα Id.Lg. 797e
; of animals, χειρὶ σ., = χειροήθης, AP9.287 (Apollonid.): abs., τὰ σύντροφα καὶ ς. those reared and bred with him, Arist.HA 629b11; οἱ σ. τόποι their wonted haunts, ib. 596b29: c. inf.,σ. ᾄδειν γενόμενοι Pl.Lg. 666d
.2 of things, habitual, customary, usual, ἔθος, πότμος, S.Ph. 894, Tr.88; σ. ὄμμα a customary vision, Id.El. 903, cf. Hp.Aph. 2.49;δίαιτα Th.1.6
;σημεῖα τῷ γένει -έστερα And.2.26
; τὸ ξ. ἥσυχον your habitual quietness, Th.6.34; τὸ ξ. φοβερόν ib.55;σύνηθες αἰεὶ ταῦτα βαστάζειν ἐμοί E.Alc.40
, cf. Arist.Pol. 1295b17;διὰ τὸ μὴ σ. νομοθέτῃ Pl.Lg. 739a
: τὸ ς. the customary, X.Mem.3.14.6; custom, Arist.Rh. 1369b16, al.; τὸ τῆς ἑορτῆς ς. Pl.Ti. 21b; of language, in common use, A.D.Pron.45.1, al.; τὸ ς. usage, Id.Adv.178.28.3 according to common usage, opp. τοπικῶς, Sch.Th.Oxy.853 xiii 4; ἡ σ. νοουμένη οἰκονομία as commonly conceived, Phld.Oec.p.29 J.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συνήθης
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48 τεκνόω
A furnish or stock with children,τ. πόλιν παισί E.HF7
:— [voice] Pass., to be furnished with children, i.e. to have them,ἐξ οὗ 'τεκνώθη Λάϊος Id.Ph. 868
; (ii A.D.).II engender, procreate children; in [voice] Act., commonly of the man, beget them, Hes.Fr. 138, E.Ph.19, Hel. 1146 (lyr.); νύμφης from a bride, Id.Med. 805, cf. Stud.Ital.2.382 ([place name] Itanus): metaph.,Ὀρφεὺς χέλυν ἐτέκνωσε Tim.Pers. 235
(for τεκνοῦσα in S.Tr. 308, v. τεκνοῦς):—[voice] Med., of the female, bear children,ἀρχὴ ταῖς γυναιξὶ τοῦ τεκνοῦσθαι καὶ τοῖς ἄρρεσι τοῦ τεκνοῦν Arist.HA 585a34
: metaph., ὄλβος τεκνοῦται it has offspring, A.Ag. 754; ; (lyr.):—but [voice] Med. is used of the man in Id.Med. 574, BCH1.599 (Delph., iv B.C.), Orph.H.29.7; of both parents, E.Supp. 1087; and [voice] Act. of both parents, Arist.GA 715b10, al.; ([place name] Pontus);ἡ τεκνώσασα Sor.1.87
:— [voice] Pass., to be born, Pi.I.1.17: metaph., ;νόμοι.. δι' αἰθέρα τεκνωθέντες S.OT 867
(lyr.); γάμον τεκνοῦντα καὶ τεκνούμενον, i.e. a marriage where husband and son are one, ib. 1215 (lyr.);αὐτὴ δὲ τεκοῦσ' ὑπὸ τῆσδε τεκνοῦται Theodect.4.2
(hex.).III in [voice] Pass. also, to be adopted, D.S.4.67. -
49 φᾶρος
A a large piece of cloth, web,φάρε' ἔνεικε Καλυψὼ.., ἱστία ποιήσασθαι Od.5.258
, cf. E.Hec. 1082 (lyr.).II commonly, a wide cloak or mantle without sleeves, μαλακὸν δ' ἔνδυνε χιτῶνα.. περὶ δὲ μέγα βάλλετο φ. (of a man) Il.2.43;πορφύρεον μέγα φ. ἔχων ἐν χειρί 8.221
, cf. Od.15.61, Xenoph.3.3, Pherecyd.Syr.2, Hdt.9.109, E.El. 1221 (lyr., pl.); also worn by women, Od.5.230, Hes.Op. 198, A.Ch.11, etc.; drawn over the head,μέγα φ. ἑλὼν.. κὰκ κεφαλῆς εἴρυσσε Od.8.84
, cf. E.Supp. 286, Ar.Th. 890; used as a shroud or pall, Il.18.353, 24.580, S.Aj. 916; πύματον φ. my last rag, Pl.Eleg.12;εἰς ὅ κε φ. ἐκτελέσω.. Λαέρτῃ ἥρωϊ ταφήϊον Od.2.97
, 24.132; also of bed-spread,δεμνίοις.. στρωτὰ βάλλουσαν φάρη S.Tr. 916
: ἀναιδείας φ. (expld. by Hsch. from Il.2.262), S.Fr. 291.—[dialect] Ep., Trag. (for Ar. l. c. is paratrag. and Philetaer.19 is corrupt), and twice in Hdt. (Corinthian acc. to AB1096). [[pron. full] ᾱ in Hom. and mostly in later [dialect] Ep.; codd., A.R.3.863. A. has [pron. full] ᾱ always; S. has [pron. full] ᾰ in Tr. 916, Frr.360, 373, 586, and never certainlyᾱ; E.
has both ᾱ, E. El. 191, Hec. l. c., IT 149 (all lyr.), al., and ᾰ, HF 414 (s. v. l.), Andr. 831, Or. 840, Hipp. 133 (all lyr.), Supp. 286, cf. Hdn.Gr.2.942.] -
50 ἀσπάλαθος
ἀσπάλᾰθος [πᾰ], ὁ, Ar.Fr. 749, but more commonly ἡ, as Pherecr. 109 (s. v.l.), Thphr.Od. 33:—name of aA spinous shrub, yielding a fragrant oil, = ἐρυσίσκηπτρον, camel's thorn, Alhagi maurorum, Thphr.9.7.3, Od.33, Dsc.1.20.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀσπάλαθος
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51 ἕλιξ
A twisted, curved: in Hom. and Hes., as in S.Aj. 374 (lyr.), Theoc.25.127, epith. of oxen, commonly understood of their twisted, crumpled horns, cf.ἑλικτός 1
; also expld. of the movement of their bodies as they walk, rolling: freq. coupled with εἰλίπους, cf. Il.12.293 and Sch. ad loc., etc.; ἕλιξ abs.,= βοῦς, E.Ba. 1170 (lyr.): later of various objects,ποταμός Pi.
ap. Sch.Il.Oxy.221 ix 15; ἕλικα ἀνὰ χλόαν on the tangled grass, E.Hel. 180 (lyr., cf. sq. 111);δρόμος Nonn.D.2.263
;σειρή Tryph.322
.------------------------------------A anything which assumes a spiral shape: once in Hom., γναμπτάς θ' ἕλικας, of armlets or ear-rings, Il.18.401 (cf. ἑλικτήρ), cf. h.Ven.87, Arist.Mir. 840b20:—afterwards in various relations:II whirl, convolution, ἕλικες στεροπῆς flashes of forked lightning, A.Pr. 1083 (anap.); of circular or spiral motion,αἱ κινήσεις καὶ ἕλικες τοῦ οὐρανοῦ Arist.Metaph. 998a5
;ἕλικα ἐκτυλίσσειν Ti.Locr.97c
; wreath of smoke, A.R.1.438.III tendril of the vine, Thphr.CP2.18.2;βοσκὰς εὐφύλλων ἑλίκων E.Hel. 1331
(lyr.); βότρυος ἕλικα παυσίπονον the clustering grape, Ar.Ra. 1321 (lyr.).IV convolution of a spiral shell (cf.ἑλίκη 11
), Arist.HA 547b11: pl., convolutions of the bowels, Id.PA 675b24: sg., colon, ib. 675b20; also of the ear, Id.de An. 420a13, Ruf. Onom.44.V spiral running round a staff, Ael.VH9.11, Ath. 12.543f; on a child's ball, A.R.3.139; spiral strip folded round the scytale, Plu.Lys.19.2 Geom., spiral, Epicur.Ep.2p.40U., Hermesian. 7.86; περὶ ἑλίκων, title of work by Archim.; also,= κύκλος, Hsch.b of planets' orbit, Eudox. Ars5.3, Theo Sm.p.201 H.; but also of the sun's and moon's orbits, Eudox. Ars9.2.3 helix, screw-windlass, employed in launching ships, invented by Archimedes, Moschioap.Ath.5.207b.VI pl., involved sentences, D.H.Th.48.VII Adj. winding,ὁ ῥοῦς φέρεται ἕλικα πορείαν Dion.Byz.3
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52 ὀρθός
A straight,I in height, upright, standing, Hom., who commonly joins it withστῆναι, στῆ δ' ὀρθός Il.23.271
, al., cf. Hdt.5.111,9.22 (where it is used of a horse rearing);ὀρθαὶ τρίχες ἔσταν Il.24.359
, cf. Hes.Op. 540 ;ὀρθῶν ἑσταότων ἀγορή Il.18.246
;οἱ δ' ἐν νηΐ μ' ἔδησαν.. ὀρθὸν ἐν ἱστοπέδῃ Od.12.179
, cf. S.Aj. 239 (anap.);κυρβασίας.. ὀρθὰς εἶχον πεπηγυίας Hdt.7.64
;ὀρθὸν αἴρεις κάρα A.Ch. 496
, etc.; ὀρθὸν οὖς ἵστησι pricks up his ear, S.El.27, etc.; applied to the erect posture of man, Arist.PA 653a31, al.; ὀ. θηρίον, of man, Philem.3 ; of buildings, standing with their walls entire,[τὸ Πάνακτον] ὀρθὸν παραδοῦναι Th.5.42
;ὀρθαὶ κίονες Pi.P.4.267
, cf. PLond. 3.755v.2(iv A. D.); of a standing crop, ib.1165.2 (ii A. D.). Adv.,ὀρθῶς ἑστῶτες Arist.PA 689b19
.b Geom., at right angles to..,εὐθεῖα πρὸς ἐπίπεδον ὀρθή ἐστιν ὅταν.. Euc.11
Def.3.c Astrol., ὀρθὰ ζῴδια signs which rise vertically, opp. πλάγια, Doroth. in Cat. Cod. Astr.5 (1). 240.II in line, straight (opp. σκολιός crooked and πλάγιος aslant), ἀντ' ἠελίου τετραμμένος ὀρθός straight, right opposite the sun, Hes.Op. 727 ;ὀρθὸν εὐθύνοι βέλος A.Fr. 200
; ποιῶν ὀρθὰ πάντα πρὸςκανόνα IG7.3073.108
(Lebadea, ii B. C.); ὀ. τρῶμα longitudinal to the muscle, opp. ἐπικάρσιος, Hp.Prorrh.2.15 ;ὀρθὸς εἰς ὁδὸν πορεύεται S. Aj. 1254
;εἶμι.. ὀ. ὁδόν Thgn.945
;ὀ. κέλευθον ἰών Pi.P.11.39
; ὀρθὴν κελεύεις, i. e. ὀρθὴν ὁδόν με ἰέναι κ., Ar.Av.1 ; so ὀρθὴν ἄνω δίωκε (sc. όδόν) Id.Th. 1223 (but ὀρθήν, = εὐθύς, Hyp.Fr. 257); δι' ὀρθῆς τήνδε ναυκληρεῖς πόλιν (sc. ὁδοῦ) S.Ant. 994 ;εἰς ὀρθὸν τρέχειν Diph.61.5
; to face the front originally held,Ascl.
Tact.10.1 ;κατ' ὀρθὸν εὐδρομεῖν Men.681
; also straightway,Pi.
O.10(11).4 ; ὀρθῷ ποδί ib.13.72, Fr. 167 ; but τιθέναι ὀρθὸν πόδα is prob. to put the foot out, as in walking, A.Eu. 294 (v. ), cf. E.Med. 1166.2 βλέπειν ὀρθά, opp. being blind, S.OT 419 ; recovered his sight,IG
14.966 (Rome, ii A. D.);ἐξ ὀμμάτων ὀ.. κἀξ ὀρθῆς φρενός S.OT 528
; ὀρθοῖς ὄμμασιν ib. 1385 ; v. ὄμμα 1.III metaph.,1 right, safe, prosperous:a partly from signf. 1, set them up, restored,Pi.
P.3.53 ; so ὀρθὸν ἀστάσας (= ἀναστήσας) IG42(1).122.52 (Epid., iv B. C.);ἐς ὀρθὸν ἱστάναι τινά E.Supp. 1230
;ὀρθὰν φυλάσσειν Τένεδον Pi.N.11.5
; so , cf. Pl.La. 181b ; ταύτης ἔπι (sc. χθονός) πλέοντες ὀρθῆς (the state being represented as a ship) S. Ant. 190 ;ἐν ὀρθῷ κεῖσθαι Plb.31.7.1
.b partly from signf. 11, κατ' ὀρθὸν ἐξελθεῖν, of prophecies, S.OT88, cf. OC 1424; κατ' ὀρθὸν οὐρίσαι to speed in prosperous course, Id.OT 695 (lyr.).2 right, true, correct, ἄγγελος, ἀγγελία, νόος, Pi.O.6.90, P.4.279, 10.68 ; (anap.), etc.; ;ὀρθᾷ φρενί Pi.O.8.24
; ὄρθ' ἀκούειν to be rightly, truly called, S.OT 903 (lyr.);κατὰ τὸ ὀ. δικάζειν Hdt. 1.96
;ὀ. λόγῳ
strictly speaking, in very truth,Id.
2.17, 6.68, etc.: so in Adv.,ὀρθῶς λέγειν Id.1.51
;ὀ. ἔλεξας S.Ph. 341
;ὀ. φράσαι A.Ch. 526
;εἴρηκας ὀ. S.El. 1040
;ὀ. φρονεῖν A.Pr. 1000
, Archyt.1 (soεἰς ὀρθὸν φ. S. Fr. 612
);ὀ. γνῶναι Antipho 2.2.8
; ὀ. ἔχει it is right, c. inf., Pl.Euthphr. 9a ;ὀ. ἐνδίκως τ' ἐπώνυμον A.Th. 405
, cf. 829 (anap.): in answers, rightly, exactly, Pl.Prt. 359e;ὀ. γε Diph.32.18
: [comp] Sup.,ὀρθότατα καλεόμενος Hdt.4.59
; soτὸ ὀρθὸν ἐξείρηκα S.Tr. 374
; φωνεῖν δίκης ἐς ὀρθόν ib. 347 ;κατ' ὀρθόν Pl.Ti. 44b
.3 true, real, genuine, ὀ. πολιτεῖαι, opp. παρεκβάσεις, Arist.Pol. 1279a18, etc.; ὀ. μανία real madness, Ael.NA11.32, cf. Theoc.11.11. Adv. - θῶς really, truly,τοὺς ὀ. φιλομαθεῖς Pl.Phd. 67b
;ὁ ὀ. κυβερνήτης Id.R. 341c
;τὸν ὀ. συγγενῆ Diph. 102
.4 upright, just,ἐμμένειν ὀ. νόμῳ S.Aj. 350
(lyr.);τὸ ὀ.
uprightness,Pl.
R. 540d ; ἐπιστήμη ἐνοῦσα καὶ ὀ. λόγος (v. λόγος IV. I) Id.Phd. 73a; ὁ ὀ. λόγος διὰ πάντων ἐρχόμενος (v.λόγος 111.7
) Chrysipp.Stoic.3.4 ; ὀ. λόγοι virtues on the intellectual side, Phld.Piet.8. Adv. rightly, justly,Th.
3.56;ὀ. καὶ δικαίως Antipho1.10
, IG22.228.14 (iv B. C.), IPE12.32B73 (Olbia, iii B. C.), etc.;ὀ. καὶ νομίμως Isoc.7.28
.5 of persons, 'straight', straightforward,σμικροὶ καὶ οὐκ ὀρθοὶ τὰς ψυχάς Pl. Tht. 173a
.6 on tiptoe, full of expectation, excited,ὀρθῆς τῆς πόλεως γενομένης διά τι Isoc.16.7
;τὴν Ἑλλάδα ὀρθὴν οὖσαν ἐπί τινι Id.5.70
;ὀ. ἦν ἡ πόλις ἐπὶ τοῖς συμβεβηκόσιν Lycurg.39
, cf. Hyp.Fr.39 ;ὀ. καὶ μετέωροι ταῖς διανοίαις Plb.28.17.11
;ὀ. καὶ περίφοβος ἦν ἡ πόλις Id.3.112.6
;ὀ. διὰ τὸν φόβον D.S.16.84
;ὀ. καὶ δραστήριος διὰ τὸ θαρρεῖν Plu.Phil.12
.IV ἡ ὀρθή,1 (sc. ὁδός) v. supr. 11.1.2 ὀ. γωνία right angle, Pl.Ti. 55b ; so ὀ. alone, Arist.EN 1098a30, al.; cf. ὄρθιος v. 1 : τέμνειν πρὸς ὀρθάς to cut at right angles, Euc.3.3, al.; εἴ τις δείξειεν ὅτι αἱ ὀρθαὶ οὐ συμπίπτουσι.. that right angles do not meet (short for 'that two straight lines making, with a third, interior angles equal to two right angles, etc.'), Arist.AP0.74a13 ; τὸ δυσὶν ὀρθαῖς the theorem that the angles of a triangle are together equal to two right angles, ib.85b5 ; ὀρθὸς κῶνος, κύλινδρος, a right cone, cylinder, Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.26, 1.11.3 (with or without πτῶσις) nominative, Lat. casus rectus, opp. the oblique cases, D.T. 636.3, Str.14.2.28, A.D.Pron.39.10, al., S.E.M.1.177.V ὀρθά active verbs, opp. ὕπτια (passive) and οὐδέτερα (neuter), Chrysipp.Stoic.2.59.VI ὀ. τόνος real or unmodified (cf. supr. 111.3) accent, opp. ἐγκλινόμενος, A.D.Pron.36.10, al.; so ὀρθὴ τάσις ib.54.8, al. (The gloss of Hsch., βορθ-αγορίσκοι, = ὀ., and the dialect forms of Ὀρθεία (q.v.), suggest that the word orig. had ϝ.) -
53 δαιμόνιον
δαιμόνιον, ου, τό (substant. neut. of the adj. δαιμόνιος [s. 2 below δαιμόνιον πνεῦμα], quotable since Homer; OGI 383, 175; Herm. Wr. 10, 19; Ps.-Phoc. 101; En 19:1; TestSol; GrBar 16:3; Philo; Jos., Bell. 1, 373; 6, 429) in Gk. lit. the δαιμον-family refers in general to powerful entities that transcend ordinary experience. After Homer’s time, the adj. δαιμόνιος means anything ‘sent from heaven’ or ‘that which is divine’ and the subst. τὸ δ. comes to mean ‘divine manifestation’ or ‘heaven’, as in our expression ‘what heaven decrees’ (Hdt. 5, 87, 2; cp. SIG 601, 15; Jos., Bell. 1, 69); or simply ‘the divine’ (Eur., Bacch. 894); cp. SIG 545, 14 (of religious piety). In our lit. the subst. gener. denotes a malevolent force.① transcendent incorporeal being w. status between humans and deities, daemon (as distinguished from demon, which in Eng. gener. connotes inimical aspect), semi-divine being, a divinity, spirit, (higher) power, without neg. connotation. The subst. was freq. used by Hellenes in a gener. sense esp. of independent numinous beings or divinities, as distinguished from a more personalized θεός, e.g. nymphs, Panes, and Sileni (Pla., Symp. 23 p. 202e πᾶν τὸ δαιμόνιον μεταξύ ἐστι θεοῦ τε καὶ θνητοῦ=‘every δ. is between a god and a mortal’; cp. Philo, Mos. 1, 276; UPZ 144, 43; 50 [164 B.C.]; Vett. Val. 355, 15; Ps.-Lucian, Asinus 24 p. 592 οὐδὲ τὰ δ. δέδοικας; ‘aren’t you afraid of the spirits [powers]?’ The term is common in adjurations, e.g., δαιμόνιον πνεῦμα, w. ref. to the spirit of the departed as possessing extraordinary powers: lead tablet fr. Hadrumetum [Dssm., B 26, 35 (BS 271ff)]; PGM 4, 3038; 3065; 3075). ξένων δ. καταγγελεύς a preacher of strange divinities Ac 17:18 (cp. Pla., Apol. 26b; X., Mem. 1, 1, 1 καινὰ δαιμόνια εἰσφέρειν).② a hostile transcendent being w. status between humans and deities, spirit, power, hostile divinity, evil spirit, the neg. component may be either specific or contextual, and w. the sense commonly associated w. the loanword ‘demon’ (δ. φαῦλα: Chrysipp. [Stoic. II 338, 32, no. 1178]; Plut., Mor. 1051c. φαῦλ. δ.: Plut., Mor. 277a, Dio 2, 5. Vett. Val. 67, 5; 99, 7. Herm. Wr. 9, 3; PGM 4, 3081; 5, 120; 165; 170; LXX; En 19:1). Beings of this type are said to enter into persons and cause illness, esp. of the mental variety (GrBar 16:3 ἐν μαχαίρᾳ … ἐν δαιμονίοις as punishment; Jos., Bell. 7, 185 [of the spirits of deceased wicked people], Ant. 6, 166ff; 211; 214; 8, 45ff): δ. εἰσέρχεται εἴς τινα Lk 8:30; δ. ἔχειν Mt 11:18; Lk 7:33; 8:27; J 7:20; 8:48f, 52; 10:20. ἔχων πνεῦμα δαιμονίου ἀκαθάρτου who was under the control of an unclean power Lk 4:33. ῥῖψαν αὐτὸν τὸ δ. vs. 35; cp. ἔρρηξεν 9:42. Hence the healing of a sick person is described as the driving out of malignant forces ἐκβάλλειν (τ.) δ. (Jos., Ant. 6, 211) Mt 7:22; 9:34; 10:8; 12:24, 27f; Mk 1:34, 39; 3:15, 22; 6:13; 7:26; 9:38; 16:9, 17; Lk 9:49; 11:14f, 18ff; 13:32. Pass. Mt 9:33. ἐξουσίαν ἐπὶ πάντα τὰ δ. Lk 9:1. τὰ δʼ ὑποτάσσεται ἡμῖν 10:17. ἐξέρχεται τὸ δ. (s. ἐξέρχομαι 1aβב.—Thrasyllus [I A.D.] in Ps.-Plut., Fluv. 16, 2 ἀπέρχεται τὸ δαιμόνιον) Mt 17:18; Mk 7:29f; Lk 4:41; 8:2, 33, 35, 38. Some live in deserted places 8:29, hence a ruined city is a habitation of (malevolent) powers Rv 18:2 (cp. Is 13:21; 34:11, 14; Bar 4:35). Their ruler is βεελζεβούλ (q.v.) Mt 12:24, 27; Lk 11:15, 18f. Erroneous instruction is διδασκαλίαι δαιμονίων (subj. gen.) 1 Ti 4:1. The ability of such beings to work miracles is variously described J 10:21 and Rv 16:14. They are objects of polytheistic worship 9:20 (Dt 32:17; Bar 4:7; cp. Ps 95:5; 105:37; En 19:1; 99:7; Just., Tat.; SibOr Fgm. 1, 22. Likew. among Persians and Babylonians: Cumont3 305, 97) 1 Cor 10:20f (w. satirical reference to the secondary status of these members of the spirit-world relative to deity); B 16:7. On Js 2:19 s. φρίσσω.—Of the evil spirit of slander Hm 2:3; of vengeance Hs 9, 23, 5; of arrogance Hs 9, 22, 3.—The δ. can appear without a tangible body, and then acts as a phantom or ghost ISm 3:2.—JGeffcken, Zwei griech. Apologeten 1907, 216ff; JTambornino, De Antiquorum Daemonismo 1909; RWünsch, D. Geisterbannung im Altertum: Festschr. Univ. Breslau 1911, 9–32; WBousset, Z. Dämonologie d. späteren Antike: ARW 18, 1915, 134–72; FAndres, Daimon: Pauly-W. Suppl. III 1918, 267–322; MPohlenz, Stoa ’49 (index).—HDuhm, D. bösen Geister im AT 1904; GBarton, EncRelEth IV 1911, 594–601; AJirku, Die Dämonen u. ihre Abwehr im AT 1912; ALods, Marti Festschr. 1925, 181–93; HKaupel, D. Dämonen im AT 1930; Bousset, Rel.3 1926, 331ff; Billerb. IV 1928, 501–35; TCanaan, M.D., Dämonenglaube im Lande der Bibel 1929 1–20.—WAlexander, Demonic Possession in the NT 1902; JSmit, De Daemonicis in Hist. Evang. 1913; RBultmann, Gesch. d. Syn. Tradition2 ’31, 223ff; HEberlein, NKZ 42, ’31, 499–509; 562–72; FFenner, D. Krankheit im NT 1930; ATitius, NBonwetsch Festschr. 1918, 25–47; GSulzer, D. Besessenheitsheilungen Jesu 1921; HSeng, D. Heilungen Jesu in med. Beleuchtung2 1926; WWrede, Z. Messiaserkenntnis d. Dämonen bei Mk: ZNW 5, 1904, 169–77; OBauernfeind, D. Worte d. Dämonen im Mk-Ev. 1928; AFridrichsen, Theology 21, ’31, 122–35; SMcCasland, By the Finger of God ’51; SEitrem, Some Notes on the Demonology in the NT: SymbOsl, Suppl. 12, ’50, 1–60; JKallas, The Satanward View (Paul), ’66; GTillesse, Le Secret Messianique dans Mk, ’68, 75–111; RAC IX 546–797; RMacMullen, VigChr 37, ’83, 174–92; G. Francois, Le polythéisme et l’emploi au singulier des mots ΘΕΟΣ ΔΑΙΜΩΝ ’57 (lit.); GRiley, Demon: DDD 445–55. S. also the lit. s.v. ἄγγελος.—B. 1488. DELG s.v. δαίμων. M-M. TW. -
54 θύω
θύω impf. ἔθυον; fut. θύσω LXX; 1 aor. ἔθυσα; pf. τέθυκα LXX. Pass.: 1 aor. ἐτύθην, ptc. τυθείς (Just. D. 111, 3), θυθείς (Mel., P. 71, 516 ); pf. ptc. τεθυμένος (Hom.+).[b]① to make a cultic offering, sacrifice (this is the primary mng. and the one most commonly found) τινί τι someth. in honor of someone (Diod S 16, 18, 5; 17, 100, 1; Lucian, Dial. Deor. 2, 4; SIG 589, 48; 993, 11f; Gen 46:1; Jos., Bell. 2, 214 τῷ θεῷ χαριστήρια; SibOr 3, 626) 1 Cor 10:20 (Dt 32:17). τ. θεῷ θυσίαν offer a sacr. to God 1 Cl 52:3 (Ps 49:14). τινί in honor of someone (X., Cyr. 8, 7, 3; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 116, 2 θύε πᾶσι τοῖς θεοῖς; BGU 287, 7; LXX; EpArist 138; Jos., Bell. 1, 56 τῷ θεῷ; Just., D. 46, 7; 136, 3 τῇ Βάαλ; Ath. 1, 1 Ποσειδῶνι) Ac 14:18; 2 Cl 3:1. Abs. (Lucian, Jupp. Trag. 22, beg.; PHib 28, 7; LXX; Ath. 13, 1; 26, 2) Ac 14:13; MPol 12:2. (Used also of human sacrifice: Apollodorus [II B.C.]: 244 Fgm. 125 Jac.=Porph., De Abst. 2, 55; Ar. 9, 1 τὰ ἴδια τέκνα to Cronos; Just., D. 19, 6 τὰ τέκνα ὑμῶν ἐθύετε τοῖς δαιμονίοις al.)② to take life, kill, slaughter, in a gener. senseⓐ humans (Eur., Iph. T. 621; Sir 34:20; 1 Macc 7:19) abs. in agricultural imagery J 10:10, which also requires placement in b.ⓑ animals J 10:10 (GKilpatrick, BT 12, ’61, 130–32, kill for food; in this sense also the killing of a rooster by thieves Aesop, Fab. 122 P.=195 H.; sheep 143 P.=262 H.; oxen [subject to slaughtering instead of professional butchering] 290 P.=Babr. 21. S. also Tob 7:8; Jos., Ant. 1, 197 μόσχον; Tat. 23, 2 ζῶα); calf Lk 15:23, 27, 30; pass. Mt 22:4.③ to kill ceremonially, slaughter sacrifically (on the close relation betw. sacrifice and slaughter s. Ltzm., Hdb. on 1 Cor 10:25) τὸ πάσχα the Passover lamb (Ex 12:21; Dt 16:2, 5f; 1 Esdr 1:6; 7:12) Mk 14:12. Pass. Lk 22:7; hence τὸ πάσχα ἡμῶν ἐτύθη Χριστός 1 Cor 5:7 (Just., D. 111, 3; Mel., P. 71, 516 B.; θύω of the sacrifice of a person, s. 1 above). Abs. Ac 10:13; 11:7④ celebrate, but perh. only when an animal is slaughtered in connection with a celebration (Polyaenus 1, 44. θ. εὐαγγέλια=‘a joyous festival’; Appian, Syr. 4 §17; 16 §69 γάμους both times; Athen. 12, 43, 532e θ. τὰ ἐπινίκια; Achilles Tat. 8, 19, 3 θ. τοὺς γάμους.—Philochorus no. 328 Fgm. 65 Jac. uses θυσία of domestic family festivals) Mk 14:12; Lk 22:7 (s. 3 above).—DELG s.v. 2 θύω B1. TRE XXV 253–71. M-M. EDNT. TW. -
55 ἀκρίς
ἀκρίς, ίδος, ἡ (Hom. et al.; PTebt 772, 2 [236 B.C.]; PColZen 114 m, 6; LXX, TestSol; GrBar 16:3; Philo; Jos., Ant. 2, 306; SibOr 5, 454) the desert locust: ‘Schistocerca gregaria’; locust, a migratory phase of the grasshopper, of the family Acrididae, even today commonly eaten by the poorer people in Arabia, Africa, and Syria (cp. Aristoph., Ach. 1116; Diod S 3, 29, 1f; Strabo 16, 4, 12; Theophyl. Sim., Ep. 14; Pliny the Elder 6, 35; Lev 11:22): used as food by John the Baptist (other, less prob., interpr. of ἀ. in ELohmeyer, Joh. d. T. ’32, p. 50, 4) Mt 3:4; Mk 1:6; the widespread notion that the ἀ. were carob pods (St. John’s-bread; so TKCheyne, EncBibl s.v. ‘husks’) is supported neither by good linguistic evidence nor by probability (s. HastDB s.v. ‘husks’ and ‘locust’); s. also ἐγκρίς. They appear at the fifth trumpet Rv 9:3, 7. Fiery locusts (in an apocalyptic vision) Hv 4, 1, 6.—SKrauss, Z. Kenntnis d. Heuschrecken in Palästina: ZDPV 50, 1927, 244–49; HGrégoire, Les Sauterelles de St Jean: Byzantion 5, 1930, 109–28; FAndersen, The Diet of John the Baptist: Abr-Nahrain 3, ’63, 60–74; GKeown, ISBE 3:149–50.—On Rv: Boll 68–77; 145f; against him JFreundorfer, D. Apk. d. Ap. J. u. d. hellenist. Kosmologie u. Astrologie 1929.—DELG. -
56 ὀρφανός
ὀρφανός, ή, όν (cp. Lat. orbus, ‘bereft (of)’; in var. senses relating to loss of a relationship Hom. et al.)① pert. to being deprived of parents, without parents, orphan (so Hom.+; ins [New Docs 4, 162–64, w. texts relating to loss of only one parent], pap, LXX; JosAs 12:11 [freq. cod. A: p. 53, 16; 55, 15 Bat.]; Philo; Jos., Ant. 18, 314 al.), used so in our lit. only as a subst. (as Pla., Leg. 6, 766c; 11, 926c, al.; pap, LXX, TestJob, Ar., Just., Tat.) in sing. and pl. orphan(s), mostly grouped w. χήρα (or χῆραι) as typically in need of protection (Liban., Or. 62 p. 379, 2 F. χήρας οἰκτείρων, ὀρφανοὺς ἐλεῶν; PCairMasp 6 recto, 2; 2 Macc 3:10; Just., A I, 67, 6; freq. in the LXX, but more commonly in the sing. fr. Ex 22:22 on, πᾶσαν χήραν κ. ὀρφανόν) ἐπισκέπτεσθαι ὀρφανοὺς καὶ χήρας Js 1:27; Hs 1:8. διαρπάζειν χηρῶν καὶ ὀρφανῶν τὴν ζωήν rob widows and orphans of their living 9, 26, 2. κατεσθίειν τὰς οἰκίας τῶν χηρῶν καὶ ὀρφανῶν Mk 12:40 v.l.; νουθετεῖν τὰς χήρας καὶ τοὺς ὀρ. instruct the widows and orphans Hv 2, 4, 3. W. χῆραι and ὑστερούμενοι m 8:10; in the sing. Hs 5, 3, 7. W. χήρα and πένης Pol 6:1. W. χήρα and others in need of help ISm 6:2. Collectively κρίνειν ὀρφανῷ see to it that justice is done (to) the orphan 1 Cl 8:4 (Is 1:17). χήρᾳ καὶ ὀρφανῷ προσέχειν be concerned about (the) widow and orphan 20:2.② pert. to being without the aid and comfort of one who serves as associate and friend, orphaned, fig. ext. of 1: Jesus says to his disciples that upon his departure οὐκ ἀφήσω ὑμᾶς ὀρφανούς I will not leave you orphaned (or [as] orphans) J 14:18 (for this usage s. Pla., Phd. 65, 116a, where the feelings of Socrates’ friends are described thus: ἀτεχνῶς ἡγούμενοι ὥσπερ πατρὸς στερηθέντες διάξειν ὀρφανοὶ τὸν ἔπειτα βίον =‘thinking that we would have to spend the rest of our lives just like children deprived of their father’. Sim. the followers of Peregrinus in Lucian, Peregr. 6. Cp. Epict. 3, 24, 14; 15).—B. 130. RE VI/1, 224–25. DELG. M-M. TW.
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